Kids Ask Dr. Bug

about the curious things found in the garden

Why are bugs brightly colored?

Sparkly, emerald green, bold red, or yellow and black stripes – some insects really know how to make an entrance! Some are even so pretty they are used as Christmas ornaments or jewelry. While many insects go a more subtle route, such as muted browns, greys, greens, or straight-out camouflage to avoid being seen, some insects have audacious colors or patterns that draw attention to themselves. Keep in mind that insects do not perceive color the same way we do and that they don’t “choose” to dress in a bold color one day and camo the next. Insect coloration has been evolutionarily chosen for them as the coloration that best suits them for species survival. Some colors warn other animals that they are poisonous or they have a stinger so it’s wise not to eat them. Other insects have the same coloration as the poisonous insects but are only “pretending” to be dangerous as they have no toxins. Other insects have bright colors and/or patterns to attract a mate. Sometimes, what seems flashy to us can actually make the insects difficult to see for other insects, such as the clearwing butterflies or beetles with metallic sheens.

Are all spiders poisonous?

No, they are not poisonous, but they are venomous. Poisonous means that there is a substance that is harmful when it is swallowed, breathed, or touched. Venomous means that a toxin is injected, such as when a spider bites or a wasp stings. I used to think that all spiders were venomous but recently learned that there are a couple of small families of spiders that do not even have venom glands. There is still another important distinction: while most spiders are venomous, almost all spider species are considered beneficial rather than dangerous. Only two spiders in our area are of medical importance if you’re unlucky enough to get bitten – the black widow and brown recluse. It is not common to come across these spiders, and even less common to get bitten.

Tarantula

Can I keep a spider for a pet?

The short answer is YES! The pet spider market is quite robust, and you might be able to find an ethically sourced spider from local enthusiasts or at your local pet store. Generally, when folks think about pet spiders, they are considering tarantulas. While not cuddly, these large, docile spiders are interesting and can be held carefully. Please note that adopting a spider is not an impulse decision. Spiders are animals, not toys, and they can be long-lived, so they need a long-term commitment. If you are considering bringing one into your home, be sure to do your homework and learn about their needs to decide if this is a good fit for you. An alternative to purchasing a spider is to find one in or near your home. Jumping spiders are charming and plentiful. Given that there are so

many fascinating species and they are found in many different habitats, another alternative to keeping a pet is to simply enjoy discovering and observing the spiders in their own habitat. You might consider keeping a journal of the species you come across and where you found each one.

Why do insects come into our house in the winter?

It’s cold out there and some insects are looking for a warm, sheltered place to overwinter. Stink bugs, ladybugs, and flies are some of the insects frequently seen making their way inside. Most of these insects will not survive the winter in our homes, however. While warm and sheltered, our homes are typically too dry for these insects to stay alive throughout the winter. The best way to deal with these in-

vaders is to keep them from coming in the first place using screens and plugging any holes from the outside. If they do make it in, a vacuum is useful for flies and ladybugs. A vacuum works for stink bugs after they die, too, or they may live up to their name.

Do you have questions for Dr. Bug? Send them to ReallT@Missouri.edu or bit.ly/KidsAskDrBug. Include your name and age. To help me learn what you learn from this column, please consider filling out this survey: bit.ly/ KidsAskDrBugSurvey. Thank you!

TAMRA REALL Horticulture Specialist

Dr. Tamra Reall (@MUExtBugN Garden) is the horticulture specialist for MU Extension in Jackson County. For free, research-based gardening tips, call 816-833-TREE (8733), email mggkc.hotline@gmail.com, or visit www.extension2.missouri.edu.

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