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THURSDAY FEBRUARY 21, 2019
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‘The Value of
Good Design’
This July 22, 2011, photo of a zucchini plant, shown in a raised bed garden near New Market, Va., is a favorite of squash bees that forage in its flowers, fertilizing them n the process. Some bee species are generalists while others specialize in the types of blossoms they seek. (AP photo)
Some favorite garden vegetables attract pollinators, too
By DEAN FOSDICK Associated Press Planting clumps of bright, successively blooming flowers is a popular method for attracting foraging pollinators like bees and butterflies. But savvy vegetable and fruit growers know flowering edibles will entice them, too. Ornamental shrubs, trees, crops and vines will bring pollinators to your yard while at the same time provide nourishment for the family table. Bees and many other species transfer pollen grains and seeds from one flower to another, fertilizing plants so they can thrive and produce food. The pollinators, in turn, are rewarded with the plants’ sugary nectars. “When we think of our diet, the rule of thumb is that one out of every three bites we take is dependent upon pollinators,” said Ed Spevak, who manages the St. Louis Zoo’s Center for Native Pollination. It was among the nation’s first zoos to have a dedicated invertebrate department. “When you want flavor, color and nutrition, then you really need to start thinking about bees and all the services they perform for our diets,” Spevak said. Familiarize yourself with the pollinators common in your area and learn which plants they prefer. “Some bee species are active only in the spring or maybe just the summer, while others are active all season long, such as bumblebees and honeybees,” said Frank Drummond, a professor of insect ecology at the University of Maine. “This relates to when you need to have plants flowering in your garden.” Some bees are generalists while others specialize in the types of blooms they seek. “It is really an evolutionary thing,” Drummond said. “Specialists usually have a very unique anatomy (specific tongue length and body size) and behaviors that have been fine-tuned over many generations, while generalists have anatomy and behaviors that allow them to be less efficient across all flower species.” Many pollinator species are in decline or disappearing because of habitat and forage losses, improper pesticide use, disease and parasites. “Honeybees get all the press but are not in danger,” Spevak said. “It’s the native bees and bumblebees that are disappearing.” Install pollinator-friendly habitat if you want to help rebuild pollinator populations, he said. Many native plants that can support the increasingly endangered Monarch butterfly population also will help native bees, he said. “You’ll become a conservationist by planting a native garden with plants that provide a healthy diet,” he said. When landscaping to lure pollinators, it’s really about flower diversity, not abundance, Spevak said. “If you’re a tomato grower, for example, it would behoove you to recruit bumblebees and wild bees rather than honeybees,” he said. “They’re much better pollinators for those plants.” Other typical pairings of edible plants and pollinators include:
See Pollinators p. 2D
This Oct. 18, 2012, photo shows Blueberries taken near Langley, Wash., that must be fertilized if fruit is to develop. Native bees, bumblebees and honeybees are among the diverse group of invertebrate pollinators that make it happen. (AP photo)
Design in everyday products is focus of museum exhibit
These Feb. 6 photos show installation views of the exhibit “The Value of Good Design,” at The Museum of Modern Art in New York. The exhibit runs Feb. 10 to June 15. (AP photos)
By KATHERINE ROTH Associated Press NEW YORK — From early Tupperware containers to Chemex coffee makers to sleek midcentury modern furniture, a new show at the Museum of Modern Art explores the democratizing and uplifting potential of design in everyday life. “The Value of Good Design” opened Feb. 10 and runs through June 15 at the museum, which is preparing to close its doors temporarily this summer before opening a newly expanded campus later in the year. The exhibit takes a fresh look at everything from domestic furnishings and appliances to ceramics, glass, electronics, transport design, sporting goods, toys and graphics. It focuses on See Design p. 2D
ECO-FRIENDLY
Compostable ‘bioplastics’ make inroads with consumers By KATHERINE ROTH Associated Press Looking for an ecofriendly alternative to traditional plastics — especially single-use items like bags, straws and picnic tableware — many supermarkets and vendors are offering an array of compostable alternatives made from plant fibers or starches. “The market for compostable products is growing at an incredible pace,” says Olga Kachook, sustainability manager for Petaluma, California-based World Centric, which makes ones geared mostly toward food services in stadiums, school cafeterias, hotels, restaurants and convention centers. Those facilities work with industrial composting facilities, which can cut their waste exponentially. Bioplastics, as the rapidly evolving products are also known, can be made from corn, potatoes, rice, tapioca, palm fiber, wood cellulose, wheat fiber, sugar, or sometimes even shrimp shells, seaweed or algae. Not all bioplastics are compostable, but those that are can go right into one big industrial-composting bin along with food waste. “Ultimately, all households will need to have a three-bin system, for industrial compost, recycling and
This photo provided by the Biodegradable Products Institute shows the official, recently updated BPI Certification Logo, which tells consumers the product or package has been independently tested and verified and is approved for composting. Plant-based bioplastics are gradually replacing traditional plastics for many products, including trash bags, picnic tableware and lunch trays. Critics warn they’re far from perfect. But compostables are being embraced by many vendors and consumers as an eco-friendly way forward. (AP photo) waste. Consumers and companies are trying hard to identify more sustainable
ways of doing things, and compostable products are an important part of the pic-
ture,” says Rhodes Yepsen, executive director of the New York-based Biodegradable Products Institute, which offers a certification ensuring that products claiming to be compostable actually are. Items must be thin enough to be compostable. Products that are certified compostable either carry BPI’s seal of approval or are listed on the organization’s website. The number of certified compostable products has increased by 80 percent in the past few years, according to BPI. Many of these products, like bags, cups and dishes, are increasingly available in grocery stores. But compostable technology is still new, and whether or not products are certified, it’s best to check with your local composting facility before adding them to the rest of your organic waste, experts agree. Melissa Ozawa, gardening and features editor at Martha Stewart Living magazine, says, “The best thing you can do is to use reusables. Keep your own utensils at work, your own tote bag for the grocery store, glass containers for home storage. And if you decide to use bioplastics and don’t have access to a See Bioplastics p. 2D
2D The Mining Journal
Thursday, February 21, 2019
House to Home
Mortgage Index 30-YEAR Rate-Fee/Pts.
15-YEAR Rate-Fee/Pt.
High rate
4.500
1
5.125
1
Low rate
4.375
1
3.750
1
Average rate
4.437
1
4.187
1
This graphic represents a Tuesday survey of regional lending institutions. Figures are based on rates at Range Bank, mBank, First Bank of Upper Michigan and Marquette Community Federal Credit Union.
Pollinators from 1D ¯ Squash, pumpkins, melons — squash bees, carpenter bees. ¯ Lowbush blueberries, blackberries and raspberries — bumblebees, sweat bees, mining bees, digger bees, mason bees. ¯ Almonds — honeybees, bumblebees, mason bees. ¯ Tomatoes — bumblebees, sweat bees, carpenter bees. ¯ Thyme — bumblebees, honeybees, digger bees, mason bees, sweat bees, yellowfaced bees. Pollinators other than bees include hum-
mingbirds, tropical bats, moths, flies, ants, hornets and beetles. Many of these are inadvertent pollinators. “These are animals that visit flowers sometimes to feed on their resources such as oils, nectar, pollen or petals and in doing so sometimes pollinate the flower,” Drummond said. Online: For more about pollinating vegetable gardens, see this fact sheet from University of Florida Extension: http://Sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/lawn-and-garden/pollination/ You can contact Dean Fosdick at deanfosdick@netscape.net
Design from 1D household goods designed in the ‘40s and ‘50s as part of MoMA’s Good Design initiatives, which included competitions, exhibits, TV shows, educational programs and even three fully furnished houses built in the Museum Garden. Selections of good design were toured by MoMA nationally — to schools, libraries, colleges — and internationally. MoMA’s initiatives championed well-designed, affordable, contemporary products. They gave young designers a platform, and helped launch the careers of Eero Saarinen, Charles and Ray Eames and other famous designers. Winning designs of the competitions, which also were held by other major art museums such as the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis and the Detroit Institute of Arts, were then promoted in department stores, featured in magazines and strategically placed in television shows. “To me good design is simply art applied to living,” the show quotes Dorothy Shaver, president of the Lord and Taylor department store, as saying at the 1950 launch of Good Design, a five-year collaboration between MoMA and the Chicago Merchandise Mart that entailed annual exhibits in New York and Chicago. Designs for a huge range of home goods were evaluated on appearance, function, construction and price. The show reveals the way household design was embraced not only by museums and stores, but also by governments during the Cold War as a tool of social and economic reconstruction and technological advancement. At one point, MoMA collaborated
Bioplastics from 1D composting facility, consider joining with others in your community to try to get one. They won’t biodegrade in your home garden or in a landfill.” Yepsen says over 5 million households already have three-bin systems. “We have a long way to go, but it’s encouraging to think about where recycling was in the ‘80s and where it is now,” he says. “That’s what’s happening now with compostables. It will take some time, but I fully expect in the next 10 to 20 years, most communities
These Feb. 6 photos show installation views of the exhibit “The Value of Good Design,” at The Museum of Modern Art in New York. The exhibit runs Feb. 10 to June 15. (AP photo) with the State Department to circulate American designs for everyday household products; there was a vibrant international exchange of ideas, with designs from other countries being shown in the U.S. while American designs were promoted overseas, according to the exhibit. As you walk through the expansive gallery space, the neutrals and browns of the 1940s give way to the brightly colored chairs and textiles of the ‘50s. Many of the objects were so well-designed that they continue to feel contemporary today, and can still be found in many homes. The exhibit begins with a simple broomstick, for example, hung on the wall as a work of art. Nearby is a large glass case in-
will have curbside compost pickup.” But critics say bioplastics are no silver bullet. “They’re not as great as they seem at first glance,” says Brett Stevens, global vice president of material sales and procurement at the recycling company TerraCycle, based in Trenton, New Jersey. Most households have no access to the industrial composting facilities needed to quickly break down these products, he notes. If they are tossed in with other plastics for recycling, they pollute the recycling stream, and if tossed in the trash, they
cluding, among other objects, an ax, with its carefully designed balance between the heavy blade
aren’t much better than traditional plastic. Compostable products “are renewable in the sense that they can be grown and regenerated again and again,” writes Tom Szaky, TerraCycle’s CEO, in his book “From Linear to Circular: The Future of Packaging” (2019, BerrettKoehler Publishers). “What most consumers don’t realize is that biodegradable bioplastics will break down only under the right conditions — those of an industrial composting facility. And even if that happens, they won’t contribute value to the compost, unlike coffee grounds
and the gently curved wooden handle. Also featured are bath mitts and a whisk.
or leaves, which have a wide range of micro- and macronutrients as well as a living ecosystem of bacteria and other microbes,” Szaky says. If sent to an industrialscale composting facility “with actively managed piles of compost under controlled conditions, and fed a diet of digest microbes,” compostable products will break down in less than two months, says Jeremy Kranowitz, a board member of the nonprofit group Sustainable America. “ In someone’s backyard compost heap, it could easily take more than a year. If they are ac-
“People smile as they encounter things they’ve handled and used,” says Juliet Kinchin, curator in the museum’s department of architecture and design, who organized the exhibit with curatorial assistant Andrew Gardner. “I love the ax. It was absolutely part of the agenda. It wasn’t about fads or fashion, it was about asking people to take a second look at things that are consistently pleasant to use and to look at,” she explains. The show is divided into two parts: what was happening in design in the U.S. as it rose to become a superpower, and what was happening elsewhere in the world. Included are promotional videos for some of the items featured, an ad for a tiny Fiat Cinquecento car that is on display, and a video of Eames products shown in a State Departmentsponsored exhibit in Moscow in 1959. “The idea of good design was an important form of soft power at the time, and continues to resonate today,” Kinchin says. “Good design is much more than just appearance and it doesn’t happen in a vacuum,” she says. “It doesn’t have to be expensive. And what was good design in the ‘50s might not necessarily be good design today. Now, for example, sustainability really would have to be key. Any notion of good design should reflect the values of the age.” In one section of the exhibit, visitors are invited to judge designs for themselves by trying out a few Good Design classics still in production, such as a Slinky toy and various styles of desk lamp. They also can evaluate whether new products, such as portable solar-powered lanterns, pass muster as good design.
cidentally sent to a landfill and buried, it could take over a century. And if they go into a plastics recycling bin, they will contaminate the recycling process.” Those promoting compostable plastics counter that plastic recycling is already problematic, since only a small fraction of plastic products make it into the recycling stream, and the market for recycled plastics is limited. They also say that no matter where bioplastics end up, they are more sustainable to produce than traditional plastics, made from fossil fuels. And even de-
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tractors admit that if compostable products do end up in oceans, they break down more quickly than traditional plastics. “It’s complicated,” says Yepsen. “But the composting infrastructure is slowly being built up across the country, and there’s huge potential in this.” 2nd & Last Tuesday Every Month!
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Thursday, February 21, 2019
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4D The Mining Journal
Thursday, February 21, 2019
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54 Blue Road, Champion $788,800 MLS# 1108908
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768 N Anne Road, AuTrain $95,000 MLS# 1112591
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TBD Off Dishno Road, Champion $74,900 MLS# 1110527
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