September 27, 2019

The Oberlin Review September 27, 2019

Established 1874

Volume 148, Number 4

Search for Next Vice President for Advancement Ongoing Katie Lucey News Editor

environmental, and fiscal benefits to the Oberlin community. City Council and Oberlin Municipal Light and Power invite Oberlin residents to offer their input on what projects Sustainable Reserve Program should fund.

“We have a strong goal with the Sustainable Reserve Fund to support the community at large and we feel it is important that everyone has access to the money if they have ideas,” Arbogast added.

Ray English, emeritus director of libraries, is running for a seat on Oberlin’s City Council. In an email to the Review, English explained that he supports this community-based approach.

“City Council will be asked to approve expenditures from the Sustainable Reserve Fund that are $50,000 or more,” English wrote. “I will be an advocate for [ensuring] the city’s own projects — as well as projects by agencies and organizations outside city government — are both effective in reducing emissions and also effective in benefiting lower-income residents equitably.”

Regarding Oberlin College, Arbogast claims that it accounts for about 25 percent of the city’s emissions.

The CAP supports this statement; page four of the plan states that the College not only accounts for a quarter of city-wide emissions but also uses a quarter of the city’s energy.

“We see our plan as a community-wide plan, so it includes everybody,” Arbogast explained, “So of course we also want Oberlin College to succeed in its planning.”

The College has an action plan of its own, titled the Oberlin College Carbon Neutrality Resource Master Plan, which touches on concepts similar to the CAP, such as adjustments to building heating practices, waste disposal, and increased reliance on alternative energy resources. This plan, however, is dedicated to carbon neutrality by 2025, rather than the city’s goal of 2050.

A search is underway for Oberlin’s next vice president for advancement, a position previously titled vice president for development and alumni affairs. Candidates will be expected to build upon previous institutional fundraising campaigns, such as Oberlin Illuminate, as well as articulate a strategy for Oberlin’s financial future as shaped by Academic and Administrative Program Review recommendations.

Rachel Smith Silver assumed the position on an interim basis following the retirement of Bill Barlow last June. Upper-level administrators, including President Carmen Twillie Ambar, Acting Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences David Kamitsuka, Acting Dean of the Conservatory Bill Quillen, other administrative staff, faculty, and one student senator make up the search committee, which President Ambar chairs.

The next vice president for advancement will oversee the institution’s major fundraising efforts during the implementation of One Oberlin, a series of recommendations put forth by AAPR. Candidates for the vice president for advancement position must demonstrate an ability to work closely with Ambar to support her in her role as chief fundraiser.

“The new Vice President for Advancement will be deeply involved in implementing the One Oberlin recommendations by helping inform alumni informed about the progress of One Oberlin, and by seeking their financial support for its initiatives,” President Ambar wrote in an email to the Review.

According to the public job posting, the new vice president must preside over “all aspects of the college’s fundraising activities and constituent relationships, including initiating planning efforts and serving as the lead architect of a comprehensive campaign that is anticipated to launch in coordination with planning for Oberlin’s bicentennial celebration.” Additionally, the search committee hopes to find a candidate that will “participate in and contribute to discussions that guide strategies and policies shaping Oberlin’s future.”

“A lot of what I find myself thinking about in our [committee] discussions is ‘will this candidate be a steward for Oberlin?’” College third-year and Student Senator Patrick Powers, who sits on the committee, said. “I think that everybody on the search committee is interested in the idea of representing something to the outside world, representing something to the student body that reflects Oberlin as a community.”

Isaacson Miller, a national executive search firm, will lead the candidate recruitment process in consultation with the search committee. Oberlin has previously retained the firm during the presidential search that resulted in President Ambar being hired, as well as a 2017 search for a new vice president for finance and administration.

Among other qualifications, candidates must showcase their ability to leverage the success of previous capital campaigns to produce forward financial momentum.

Oberlin Illuminate, a development campaign that ended in fiscal year 2016, raised approximately $317.8 million over five-and-a-half years. The campaign, led by former President Marvin Krislov, finished 18 months ahead of schedule and was created for the purpose of broadening educational accessibility and enhancing the undergraduate and postgraduate experience.

See Greenhouse, page 3

See Committee, page 3

The Oberlin Municipal Light and Power plant generates and distributes electricity to Oberlin’s residents. The plant is part of the redistribution process that happens when the city sells Renewable Energy Credits back into the electric grid and funds the Sustainable Reserve Program.

Photo by Mallika Pandey, Photo Editor

City Council Prepares to Release Next Greenhouse Gas Inventory Alexa Stevens Staff Writer The City of Oberlin’s Office of Sustainability has completed a 2019 iteration of a greenhouse gas inventory, which will be released on the city’s web page in the coming weeks. The inventory is the latest of four, dating back to 2007, and was performed in order to prioritize how to spend the city’s Sustainable Reserve Fund. “[The greenhouse gas inventory] is what we’re going to look at as a guide when we start looking at what initiatives are really going to be the most important and in what areas of the community emit the most carbon,” said City of Oberlin Sustainability Coordinator Linda Arbogast.

In June, City Council unanimously endorsed a climate action plan that will be carried out over a fiveyear term. The CAP makes a plan for the city to attain its goal of 100 percent carbon neutrality by the year 2050.

“We’ve updated the plan every five years — this is the third iteration,” explained City Council President Bryan Burgess. “Each plan has been more ambitious than the previous [one], so we try to identify the things that we’ve already accomplished and then set new goals for the next year’s.”

In order to attain the goals laid out in the city’s CAP, the Sustainable Reserve Program Fund was established around a decade ago. The fund receives its money from the sale of Renewable Energy Credits which Oberlin receives from investing in renewable energy sources.

When these energy sources generate more power than the city can use, the excess RECs are sold back into the power grid and used as electricity. This money is designated specifically to go back into the Sustainable Reserve Fund. “[The SRF] legally has to fund activities related to electric efficiency,” Arbogast said.

These activities are supposed to bring social, CONTENTS NEWS

OPINIONS

THIS WEEK

ARTS & CULTURE

SPORTS

02 Climate Activists Participate in Worldwide Climate Strike

05 National Popular Vote Represents Opportunity for Ohio

08–09 Hiking Around Oberlin

10 Art and Gender: Behind Japanese Noh Theater

14 Former Varsity Athletes Find That, After Athletics, Life Goes On

04 Duolingo Accepted as Supplement for International Applicants

06 Meet Your Student Senators

12 An Obie Recommends: Finding a Place on Campus

16 Sports Medicine Center Supports Athletes

The Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

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Campus Activists Participate in Worldwide Climate Strike Nathan Carpenter Editor-in-Chief

Photo by Chris Schmucki, Photo Editor

Over 600 Oberlin students, faculty, staff, and residents — including some as young as 10 years old — gathered around the bandstand in Tappan Square last Friday to take part in a demonstration hosted by climate activism-focused student group Sunrise Oberlin. The event was one of thousands of Climate Strikes that took place across the world that day, as residents took time off school and work to show solidarity in the fight against climate change.

The strikes were inspired by 16-year-old Greta Thunberg and other young climate activists around the world. True to these roots, Oberlin’s strike was organized by members of Sunrise Oberlin in collaboration with members of Oberlin High School’s Sustainability Club.

Several speakers took to the bandstand to address the crowd, beginning with College second-year Faith Ward, a Sunrise organizer.

“For me, it was important to speak because I do have a lot of personal stories related to climate change. … I’m from south Florida, which is a front-line community,” Ward said Monday on the WOBC-FM show The Weekly. “It’s important to me to be emotionally vulnerable about these things because climate change is not just politics, it is very personal.”

Many of the speakers focused on themes of environmental justice, highlighting the disproportionate impact that climate change will have on marginalized communities around the world.

College students write important messages on face masks Oberlin Sunrise member and College second-year Faith Ward Students and community members participate in the worldwide Climate Strike by attending Oberlin’s local to emphasize the importance of preventing further damage gives a speech to the crowd from the Clark Bandstand.

Photo by Emily Fiorentino protest at 10 a.m. in Tappan Square last Friday. to the environment. Photo by Chris Schmucki, Photo Editor Photo by Rowan Gould-Bayba

“Especially in this time, we need to prioritize Black and Brown communities that are facing the most environmental injustices with the least resources,” said Sunrise member and College third-year Imani Badillo, according to Sunrise’s press release. “The climate strike at Oberlin is important because we can use the power of a group of college students to showcase and protect those communities that are asking for our help.”

Sunrise also used the event as an opportunity to encourage Ohio’s Democratic senator, Sherrod Brown, to endorse the Green New Deal. The GND is a bill intended to combat the corporate and industrial causes of climate change while increasing economic opportunity for workers. While the bill has gained significant traction in Congress’ progressive wing, Brown has yet to endorse it.

“At Tappan, hundreds of young people wore air masks inscribed with mottos about why they are striking today, and Sunrise Oberlin plans to deliver these air masks’ messages to [Brown’s office] as a sign that his constituents demand an Ohioan and federal Green New Deal and [a] just transition for frontline communities,” read Sunrise’s press release.

For Paul Sears Professor of Environmental Studies and Biology John Petersen, OC ’88, the youth leadership on display at the Climate Strike was inspiring.

“Climate activist Greta Thunberg is critical of us adults talking about hope without action,” Petersen wrote in an email to the Review. “But Oberlin’s Climate Strike left me with a great deal of hope. … I was likewise encouraged to learn of faculty from across many disciplines, including Conservatory faculty, discussing climate action in their classrooms and encouraging students to participate. The reality is that the survival of human civilization is contingent on ramping up climate activism and action.”

Moving forward, Sunrise will continue to engage students from both the College and OHS to demand action from elected representatives on climate change.

The Oberlin r eview Sept. 27, 2019 Volume 148, Number 4 (ISSN 297–256) Published by the students of Oberlin College every Friday during the fall and spring semesters, except holidays and examination periods. Advertising rates: $18 per column inch.

Second-class postage paid at Oberlin, Ohio. Entered as second-class matter at the Oberlin, Ohio post office April 2, 1911.

POSTMASTER SEND CHANGES TO: Wilder Box 90, Oberlin, Ohio 44074-1081. Office of Publication: Burton Basement, Oberlin, Ohio 44074. Phone: (440) 775-8123

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Editors-in-Chief

Nathan Carpenter Katherine MacPhail Managing Editor Ananya Gupta News Editors Anisa Curry Vietze Katie Lucey Opinions Editor Jackie Brant This Week Editor Lily Jones Arts Editors Kate Fishman Aly Fogel Sports Editor Jane Agler Cont. Sports Editors Khalid McCalla Zoë Martin del Campo Photo Editors Mallika Pandey Chris Schmucki Senior Staff Writers Carson Dowhan Ella Moxley Imani Badillo

Layout Editors

Emma Jane Haas Lila Michaels Parker Shatkin Nico Vickers Ads Manager Jabree Hason Web Manager Sheng Kao Production Manager Devyn Malouf Production Staff Gigi Ewing Christo Hays Jimmy Holland Olive Hwang Kushagra Kar Allison Schmitt Ivy Fernandez Smith Jaimie Yue

Photo by Signe Meyer

Corrections: To submit a correction, email managingeditor@ oberlinreview.org.

Duolingo Accepted As Supplement for International Applicants In an effort to expand accessibility for international applicants, Oberlin will begin accepting the Duolingo English Test as supplementary application material.

Duolingo, a popular language learning app, offers the test separately from its language learning software.

The Duolingo English Test competes with the two currently most-used tests for international applicants: the Test of English as a Foreign Language and the International English Language Testing System. While many major institutions already accept Duolingo’s test for the English language testing requirement, for now, Oberlin will only accept the test as supplementary material.

“We are still in the exploration phase,” said Senior Assistant Director of Admissions Jim Caldarise. “We would love to see what students are sending in and what scores we are seeing.”

Although traditional foreign language exams are still required for most international admissions, Oberlin hopes to move toward allowing students to send in the Duolingo tests as an alternative to the TOEFL or the IELTS in the future. Submitting at least one of these tests is required for applicants whose first language is not English.

“We want to see [if] it is as accurate at assessing and predicting a student’s language ability as the TOEFL and IELTS,” said Senior Assistant Director of Admissions Sophie Mettler-Grove, who is responsible for international student recruitment.

The Duolingo test has become popular in the admissions world in the past few years because many see it as much more accessible than the TOEFL. “It provides a level of access for international students that previously was not the case,” Caldarise said. “The TOEFL and IELTS are actually not offered in several countries, and if they are offered, in certain countries they may only be offered in the capital city, which could be hours or a flight away. They are typically offered on very limited dates, and they are extremely expensive exams.”

The cost of a TOEFL test varies based on country

but can be around $200. Andreea Procopan, a College first-year from Moldova, says that on top of this cost, her friends back home had to pay for prep classes.

“With tests like the TOEFL you need to take it multiple times,” Procopan said.

For students that cannot afford to take the test more than once, cost presents additional challenges. “[That] puts a lot more pressure on you [which] that affects your score as well,” Procopan added.

College fourth-year Kelley Zhong, who is from China, had to travel to Hong Kong to take the TOEFL. “I just took the bus and traveled three hours,” she said. “It’s not that hard, but I had to stay the night.”

The Duolingo English test costs $49 and is taken entirely online. By accepting the Duolingo exam as an admissions supplement, Oberlin hopes to offset the financial burden of applying to the school as an international student.

“The Duolingo test is significantly cheaper,” Caldarise said. “It can also be taken anywhere that there is a stable internet connection.”

Part of the test is a video component that students can send to schools. Oberlin already accepts video interviews to gauge English levels, and Caldarise says that the video component of the Duolingo English Test is very beneficial from an admissions standpoint.

“It is a really good way for us to assess the verbal and spoken level of English, which is often very difficult to ascertain from a written test,” said Caldarise.

There are other aspects of the Duolingo test that make it more financially accessible than the competing options.

“Duolingo is generous in providing institutions with several fee waivers for applicants who face a financial barrier to taking the test,” Mettler-Grove said.

Although the impact of accepting the Duolingo exam at Oberlin is yet to be determined, ultimately, Caldarise and others hope that the Duolingo English Test could be part of a process to increase diversity and equity among international admissions.

“I think it could bring in a different demographic or perhaps provide a wider level of access to students interested in Oberlin,” Caldarise said.

Committee Prepares to Interview VPA Candidates

Greenhouse Gas Inventory to Inform CAP

Continued from page 1

Continued from page 1

Ella Moxley Senior Staff Writer

An ideal candidate for vice president for advancement, according to the job description, would look to offset Oberlin’s operating costs by cultivating alumni participation through soliciting donations and alumni engagement. These responsibilities would likely translate to a formal fundraising campaign, the launch of which is yet to be announced.

“I think that when you think about advancement, we can think about it as something detached from current students,” Powers said. “I don’t think that that’s necessarily the case. Most donors are alumni and students who are fourth-years become alums as soon as they graduate. [...] Their interactions at Oberlin around giving — whether you want to think of it as philanthropy, donations, fundraising, however you want to frame — the way they thought about that at Oberlin, and the ways that that world looked to them while they were students, matters.”

Associate Vice President for Athletics Advancement and Delta Lodge Director of Athletics & Physical Education Natalie Winkelfoos, who sits on the search committee, is confident in the group’s ability to find a qualified candidate for the position.

“The committee is unified, inspired and enjoying the process of finding our next leader for advancement,” Winkelfoos wrote in an email to the Review. “It is an absolute privilege to be a part of this search committee.”

President Ambar did not share the names of candidates, whether it is possible for Interim Vice President of Development Rachel Smith Silver to apply for the non-interim position, or how many individuals have applied at this time.

“We have a robust pool of candidates for the position,” President Ambar wrote in an email to the Review. “But out of respect for the privacy of the candidates we do not comment on who is in a given pool.”

The Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

Security Notebook Thursday, Sept. 19, 2019 8:21 a.m. A student in Kahn Hall requested transportation to the emergency room as they were not feeling well. An officer responded and transported the student.

Friday, Sept. 20, 2019 7:28 a.m. Custodial staff reported that unknown person(s) hung a banner on the wall at Fairchild House and paint from the banner had bled through to the wall. It is unknown who was responsible for hanging the banner. A work order was filed.

8:32 a.m. Officers were requested to assist a student who injured their ankle while doing a workout. The student was transported to Mercy Allen Hospital emergency room fortreatment.

Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 1:39 a.m. A student reported a person attempting to gain entry to Baldwin Cottage and later pulling on the doors to Bibbins Hall.

Officers responded and located an intoxicated student. An ambulance was requested and the student was transported to the Mercy Allen Hospital emergency room.

2:45 p.m. A student reported that their unattended backpack was stolen from the Kohl building. The backpack is brown with two stripes and contained a laptop, headphones, books, a planner and a journal. The value of the missing items is unknown.

3:44 p.m. Officers responded to Keep Cottage to assist an ill student. The student and a friend were transported to Mercy Allen Hospital for treatment.

11:31 p.m. Officers were requested to assist with a student, ill from alcohol consumption, at Burton Hall. An ambulance was requested and the student was transported to Mercy Allen Hospital for treatment.

11:34 p.m. Officers were requested to assist an intoxicated student in Tappan Square. The student was able to answer all questions asked.

The student was transported to their dorm.

Monday, Sept. 23, 2019 9:27 a.m. Officers and the Oberlin Fire Department responded to a fire alarm on the first floor of Kahn Hall. No smoke or fire was found upon checking the building. The alarm was silenced and re-activated with no further issues.

3:30 p.m. Student reported the theft of their unlocked bicycle from the front of Stevenson Hall. The bicycle is a gray Trek Hybrid with “Trek” written in white, and has a black seat, 21 speed, and a black four-digit cable lock on the handlebars. The bicycle is valued at $300.

Tuesday, Sept. 24, 2019

The City’s solar panels generate power that can be sold back into the power grid as Renewable Energy Credits and used as electricity.

Photo by Mallika Pandey, Photo Editor

Professor of Psychology and Environmental Studies Cindy Frantz supports the CAP but believes that 2050 is not soon enough to enact the changes necessary for environmental preservation.

“The city has a commitment to carbon neutrality, and the big obstacle to that is money,” Frantz said.

“These funds can help achieve that goal.”

While Frantz applauds the work conducted as a result of the CAP and the Reserve Fund, she also believes that Oberlin alone cannot be responsible for the global-scale change required to reverse climate change.

“Oberlin is really lucky that we have this fund,” Frantz said. “[But] the world around us needs to change with us.”

8:04 a.m. Custodial staff reported that the glass was broken on the snack vending machine on the first floor of East Hall. An officer responded, the product was removed, and the vending company was contacted. A custodian swept up the glass.

10:58 a.m. A custodial manager reported that unknown persons had torn the door closing mechanism off the bathroom on the first floor of Price Hall. A work order was filed for repair.

12:59 p.m. Officers were requested to transport a student who was not feeling well from Zechiel Hall to Student Health. The student was later transported back to their dorm.

10:47 p.m. Officers were requested to assist an injured student who fell off their bike in front of the Science Center. The student was transported to Mercy Allen Hospital for treatment.

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Ne New wss OFF THE CUFF

Tim Uyeki, OC ’81, Chief Medical Officer, CDC Influenza Division

Dr. Tim Uyeki delivers his talk, “From Avian Influenza to Ebola & Public Health: Reflections of a Clinician and Epidemiologist” in King Building on Thursday.

Photo by Chris Schmucki, Photo Editor

Dr. Tim Uyeki, OC ’81, is the chief medical officer in the Influenza Division of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, GA. Since 1998, Uyeki’s primary focus at the CDC has been on the clinical aspects, epidemiology, prevention, and control of influenza in the U.S. and worldwide. Uyeki visited campus on Thursday to discuss the possibility of integrating public health classes in the College curriculum as well as to give a talk titled “From Avian Influenza to Ebola & Public Health: Reflections of a Clinician and Epidemiologist.”

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

Nathan Carpenter Editor-in-Chief Allison Schmitt Production Editor You graduated from Oberlin in ’81 and majored in Biology. I was curious if that was where your interest in studying diseases came from or if that interest was something that built after Oberlin?

As a student at Oberlin, I did not have a specific interest in infectious diseases or going into medicine. I was not a pre-medical student. I was interested in ecology and environmental studies and I was one of the early student members of the Student-Faculty Environmental Studies program committee, long before there were classes in environmental studies at Oberlin. And so my interest was really in ecology and environmental health.

I think that my interest in infectious diseases and public health evolved over time and was particularly stimulated by my interest in backpacking and the outdoors, which evolved after Oberlin through low-budget backpacking in

developing countries. [This allowed me to] see different cultures in developing countries and get an idea of a lot of the challenges for global health. But I’ve been very fortunate to have various experiences over time that really then guided me or funneled me towards public health and particularly a global health career.

Could you describe and define what the field of epidemiology is and what it looks like?

Sure. On the basic level, it’s trying to address questions such as the who, what, where, why, and when, and trying to understand risk factors for disease with the goal of developing interventions to reduce disease. Basically, epidemiology is the study of diseases in populations, and there are many different aspects of epidemiology, but there’s sort of descriptive epidemiology and there are more sophisticated analytical studies.

One can look at the epidemiology of infectious diseases as well as chronic diseases at any population level.

You mentioned that you specifically look at diseases that emerged through animal-human interface.

Can you elaborate?

I’m interested in many different diseases, but I’ve done a lot of work at the animal-human interface; particularly, people who have exposures to poultry and specifically, poultry that is infected with avian influenza A viruses. In animal health, veterinary colleagues worry about animals getting diseases from humans, whereas in public health we worry about people getting infections that are coming from animals. So I have had this long standing interest in looking at mostly avian influenza A viruses, but also I’d been lucky to work on other infectious disease outbreaks.

There is an ongoing, very large and

very challenging outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Northeastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

It is currently the second-largest Ebola virus disease outbreak ever. To date, there were about 3,175 cases which had been either confirmed or are deemed probable cases of which about 67 percent have died. This is unfortunately not under control, but this is another example of emerging infectious diseases caused by viruses that originally come from some kind of animal and spill over into the human population. As human populations encroach upon areas where we have much more exposure to various animals, there is potential for these kinds of events and outbreaks to occur. This is an ongoing challenge and obviously from the global public health perspective, we want to go in and control the outbreak.

Ideally, you want to prevent it in the first place. We want to monitor the situation and eventually have vaccines for all these different infectious diseases. But these kinds of challenges are only going to increase. And so, while the main interests or the main emphasis is to control the outbreak, what we’re really worried about is something blowing up much bigger to spill over, to cause a problem worldwide. An example of an ongoing pandemic that you don’t hear about so much in the United States these days, but in certain parts of the world is still very challenging, is the HIV epidemic, which is really a pandemic. A pandemic by definition is a global outbreak, and certainly HIV is a huge ongoing pandemic since it was recognized in the early ‘80s.

In public health, from the perspective of the infectious disease, we are worried about new viruses that emerge and take off in human populations. … The kinds of diseases that I’ve worked on are caused by viruses that can cause severe lung damage — so severe pneumonia and high mortality. These are the ones that have the potential to spread very rapidly through people coughing to their close contacts. That’s what keeps me up at night, worrying about these kinds of emerging infectious diseases.

You spoke about being on the student-faculty committee that originally envisioned an Environmental Studies program here. So now as an alum, what do new resources for Environmental Studies students, such as the Adam Joseph Lewis Center, mean to you as somebody who was working on public health so many years ago at the same institution?

I think it’s really wonderful and exciting for many reasons. I am jealous of students’ opportunities now. It’s heartening to me to see this kind of progress. Environmental Studies has come a long way at Oberlin since I was a student many decades ago.

That Oberlin college is considering integrating public health as an area of concentration into the curriculum is extremely exciting for me, because now I’ve really devoted my career to public health and I hope that I can contribute to moving this forward at Oberlin.

In hearing you talk about your work, it’s clearly very international in nature. I’m wondering if there are particular challenges that you encounter while working in that international context?

My work is both sort of local in a national, domestic public health. I work on seasonal influenza, and it’s been my primary focus for 21-plus years. Every fall, winter, spring, we have outbreaks — epidemics of seasonal influenza A and B viruses in people, and it’s easily

Ohio Legislative Update Rob Portman

Sherrod Brown

Senator Rob Portman (R-OH) released a statement on Tuesday speaking out against Congress’ announcement of a formal impeachment inquiry.

“The American people want us to get things done for them rather than focus on more and more partisan investigations,” he said. “The Democrats’ impeachment inquiry will distract Congress from the bipartisan legislative work we should be doing to find solutions and deliver results for the American people. My focus will remain on working with my colleagues, on both sides of the aisle, and with the Trump Administration, to strengthen our economy, expand retirement security, pass [United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement] to help Ohio farmers, workers, and manufacturers, tackle the opioid crisis, and pursue other priorities for Ohio.”

On Thursday, Senator Sherrod Brown (D-OH) released a statement regarding the release of the whistleblower complaint. The report raised concern over President Trump’s alleged efforts to coerce Ukraine to investigate Presidential candidate Joe Biden.

“Our intelligence officials are the best in the world, and when one of them is so worried about our country that they risk their career and reputation, I take that very seriously,” he wrote in the statement. “Hardworking people in Ohio don’t get to pick and choose which laws they get to follow and neither does the President — no one is above the law. We know the President tried to get a foreign government to undermine American democracy. We have a responsibility to find out exactly what happened.”

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transmitted from person to person through coughing, for example. I have had a lot of experience in working on seasonal influenza worldwide, but also in different parts of the world. I’ve been fortunate to work with many people at many levels of government in many countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, but [also] in other countries.

There are always lots of challenges.

And they can be on many different levels.

In terms of public health, public health is organized differently in different countries. Worldwide, the two prominent global public health organizations are the World Health Organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland and the CDC where I work. There are always a lot of political challenges at every level. So, one just tries to do their best. Everything is based upon teamwork. You have to have very good coordination, collaboration, and most of all really good communication.

Jim Jordan Representative Jim Jordan (R-OH) also commented on the whistleblower report on Tuesday, releasing an official statement that broadcasted his dissent with the impeachment inquiry.

“Democrats have been trying to impeach the President since the beginning of this Congress,” Jordan said in the statement. “Michael Cohen’s testimony was a bust. John Dean’s testimony was a waste of time.

The Mueller report did not live up to the hype. Speaker Pelosi’s decision to pursue impeachment now — on the basis of unsubstantiated, indirect, and anonymous allegations — only shows that the Speaker has finally succumbed to unrelenting pressure from the socialist wing of the Democrat Party. This was never about Russian collusion or Ukrainian prosecutions. It is all about undoing the 2016 election and the will of the American people.”

opinions September 27, 2019

Established 1874

lEttEr to thE Editors Oberlin College’s History Still Deeply Relevant Congratulations, Oberlin, on your remarkable history as a town and institution. I believe that Editor-in-Chief Nathan Carpenter’s “hope to fully understand our present-day challenges” should remain a driving force of his series (“Oberlin’s Early History Rooted in Religious Convictions,” The Oberlin Review, Sept. 20, 2019). Oberlin’s last 100 years provide a testament to the sources of your generation’s acute challenges now and in the years ahead. And Henry Churchill King, Oberlin’s longest serving president — and a former Review editor — will prove to be the prophet of the age.

On Sept. 27, 1919, King, the internationally-honored mathematician, ethicist, theologian, orator, and founding member of the iconic Oberlin NAACP, spoke for Oberlin and the world when he delivered to the Office of the President of the United States the King-Crane Commission Report on the status and interested party preferences for disposition of the lands of the defeated Ottoman Empire following World War I. King had been chosen for the role of co-chairman of the commission by President Woodrow Wilson. The commission’s official name was the American Section of the Inter-Allied Commission on Mandates in Turkey. The details and supporting documents of the commission reside in The Oberlin Review’s archives (“Peace Leader in Oberlin’s Past,” Nov. 6, 1998). I hope that the significance of those details and the story of the suppression of the commission report for three years following its submission to President Wilson will find its way into your narrative in the semester ahead.

– Del Spurlock OC ’63

Good Riddance, Bill De Blasio David Mathisson Columnist Last Friday, Sept. 20, Bill De Blasio, mayor of New York City, dropped out of the 2020 presidential race. Millions of his own constituents, including even his fellow gym members, rejoiced.

Most New Yorkers agree that his presidential ambitions, as pathetic as they were strange, were quelled 127 days too late.

Especially with many successful, high-profile candidates floundering in the polls, De Blasio — who has a much weaker performance record — shocked folks when he decided to run. People including his staff, his friends, three out of four New York voters, and even his wife agreed De Blasio’s candidacy was never a See De Blasio, page 7 SUBMISSIONS POLICY

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All submissions must include contact information, with full names and any relevant titles, for all signers. All writers must individually confirm authorship on electronic submissions. The Review reserves the right to edit all submissions for clarity, length, grammar, accuracy, strength of argument and in consultation with Review style. Editors will work with contributors to edit pieces and will clear major edits with the authors prior to publication. Editors will contact authors of letters to the editors in the event of edits for anything other than style and grammar.

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The Review defines an advertisement as any submission that has the main intent of bringing direct monetary gain to a contributor.

The Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

Volume 148, Number 4

Editorial Board Editors-in-ChiEf

Nathan Carpenter

Katherine MacPhail

Managing Editor Ananya Gupta

opinions Editor Jackie Brant

National Popular Vote Represents Opportunity for Ohio This week, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi announced a formal impeachment inquiry into President Donald Trump, a step that many felt she should have taken months ago. Calls for Trump’s impeachment date back to 2016, just after he became the second presidential candidate since 2000 to win the White House despite losing the popular vote.

Trump’s popular vote loss also spurred a conversation that had nothing to do with the candidate himself, but everything to do with how he was elected. In a functional democracy, should elections regularly be won by candidates who lose the popular vote? It’s a question that many have asked themselves after November 2016 — and it’s the question that the National Popular Vote initiative seeks to answer.

At its core, NPV questions the wisdom of employing the Electoral College, which has existed since the nation’s founding, as a mechanism to elect the president. Widely accepted for many years, the Electoral College functions through awarding each state a portion of the country’s total 538 electoral votes. Currently, each state awards its votes to the candidate who wins the statewide popular vote. The only exceptions are Nebraska and Maine, which award electoral votes proportionally.

In recent years, however, many have made the point that this system unfairly advantages states with sizable rural populations, effectively sapping electoral power from states with multiple large population centers.

For example, the state with the most Electoral College votes is California, with 55 total. Each one of those votes represents just under 720,000 of the state’s approximate 39.5 million residents.

In comparison, Ohio holds 18 electoral votes that represent 11.7 million residents — a ratio of roughly one electoral vote to 650,000 residents. Accordingly, each individual’s vote stretches a little further in Ohio than it does in California.

Residents in other states have a comparatively larger upper hand. About 580,000 residents split Wyoming’s three electoral votes — each vote representing just over 190,000 residents.

Some feel that this discrepancy serves to protect rural voices that would otherwise be drowned out by populations in large, liberal urban centers. However, the flip side of that argument is more compelling. Why should a Wyoming resident’s vote carry four times as much weight in a presidential election than that of a California resident?

The NPV initiative seeks to balance the scales in a politically feasible way that stops short of totally abolishing the Electoral College. The proposal is simple: States that pass NPV bills pledge to commit their electoral votes to the presidential candidate who wins the national popular vote, not the statewide vote. This commitment kicks in once the sum of the states that have endorsed NPV represents at least 270 electoral votes, the minimum number of votes required to win the White House.

Thus far, 15 states and the District of Columbia have enacted NPV into law, representing a total of 196 electoral votes. The 15 states are, by and large, reliably liberal, including the two Democratic strongholds of California and New York.

Now, the real challenge begins — convincing purple- and red-leaning states to buy into an initiative that challenges the currently outsized impact that many of those states have on the presidential election process.

Ohio — a notorious swing state — could be a leader in this regard. Indeed, some attempts have been made to do so, most recently this February when State Representatives David Leland, Kristin Boggs, Janine R. Boyd, Catherine D. Ingram, Mary Lightbody, and Michael Skindell introduced House Bill 70. All of the bill’s co-sponsors are Democrats, and it has yet to gain significant traction.

However, we urge members of the statehouse — on both sides of the aisle — to take seriously the benefits that adopting NPV could offer, and set aside partisanship in order to fix what is clearly a broken electoral system. Given population shifts over the past few decades, the likelihood of presidential candidates winning the popular vote but losing the Electoral College is rising and must be treated as an existential threat to our democracy.

The time to act is ripe. We are already staring down a 2020 presidential election that will have nearly indescribable consequences for our collective futures. Questions about important issues like climate change, gun violence, and immigration remain unaddressed — and, in the interim, people are dying.

“As Ohio goes, so goes the nation.” It’s a phrase oft-repeated by political organizers across the state, referencing the fact that the presidential candidate who has taken Ohio has also taken the White House in every election since 1960. It could also hold true for embracing the NPV initiative and paving the way for a more representative electoral future for all of us.

The very fabric of our country, and therefore our democracy, is changing. Challenges that the nation’s founders could have never imagined are driving significant political, demographic, and economic shifts. What worked before won’t necessarily work today — and if we are too slow to realize that fact, it will already be too late.

Editorials are the responsibility of the Review Editorial Board — the Editors-in-Chief, Managing Editor, and Opinions Editor — and do not necessarily reflect the views of the staff of the Review.

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Opi n ions

Meet Your Student Senators

Ishikawa Employs Dangerous Nuclear Narratives Christo Hays Production Editor

Student Senators at their most recent plenary meeting.

Joshua Rhodes Contributing Writer This article is part of the Review’s Student Senate column. In an effort to increase communication and transparency, student senators will provide personal perspectives on recent events on campus and in the community.

It has been two weeks since Student Senate had our first weekly plenary meeting. During our first two meetings, we elected internal positions, voted on working group proposals, and discussed personal views and goals for the semester. One topic that we continue to focus on is transparency. It has become our mission to present as much information about our decisions as possible, and to include the student body in making these decisions. In an effort to raise awareness for what Student Senate is, each senator has written a statement explaining who we are as students on campus, what our goals are on Senate, and what you can find us doing beyond being student senators. We have included seven senator statements below for this week; the remaining eight statements will be published next week.

Bridget Smith: My name is Bridget Smith and I use she/her/hers pronouns. I am a third-year studying Politics and Education, and I am chair of Senate. This semester, I hope to strengthen Oberlin’s Winter Term programming, support other senators with their working groups, and represent student concerns to the administration. In my spare time, you can find me at Ginko’s!

Caleb Knapp: Hello all! My name is Caleb Knapp, I am a third-year History major, and I use he/him/his pronouns. Outside of Student Senate, I am involved with Jewish life on campus, am on the Oberlin Debate Team, and work as a Resident Assistant. On Senate, I would like to continue my work on disability advocacy and addressing campus community issues, both through dialogue and intentional programming. Also, in my role as vice chair this semester, I want to increase institutional memory within Senate, as well as improve transparency and communication of Senate’s work with the Oberlin community at large.

However, more than anything, I want Oberlin to be a space where everyone feels like they belong, and can have their voices heard.

Renzo Mayhall: My name is Renzo Mayhall, I use he/him/his pronouns and I’m a second-year! I plan on majoring in Comparative American Studies and Philosophy and minoring in Economics. When I’m not studying or working, I like to hang out with friends, and play soccer and music. This year on Senate, I’m the co-chair of the Student Finance Committee. That means I’ll be the liaison between Senate and SFC, and I’ll work with SFC to fund student projects and activities through the Student Activity Fund. One project that I’m really excited about working on is collaborating with both Senate and SFC to make some cool stuff happen during Winter Term on campus, since Oberlin is trying to increase student presence here during the month of

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Photo courtesy of Joshua Rhodes

January. Feel free to reach out to me via email at any time!

Kofi Asare: Hi everyone! My name is Kofi Asare, I use he/him/his pronouns, and I am a second-year Biology major. When I’m not doing schoolwork, I stay busy by competing on Oberlin’s track and field team, and working as a Peer Advising Leader and a Peer Mentor. I’m also a member of clubs such as ABUSUA and African Students Association. This semester, I hope to bridge the gap between students and Student Senate so that Senate is more accessible to the student body, while also trying to represent student athletes and other minority students on campus in any way I can.

Raavi Asdar: Hi! My name is Raavi Asdar, I use he/him/his pronouns, and I’m a second-year planning on majoring in History. I joined Senate in the spring of my first year and I’m serving the second semester of my first term on Senate. I will continue this year in my role as chartering liaison. I am also interested, alongside other Senators and students, in working on College policy and programming under the umbrella of mental health support.

When not procrastinating on my readings on the first floor of Mudd center, you can find me in the pottery co-op throwing into the early hours of the morning.

Patrick Powers: Hello! My name is Patrick Powers, I use he/him/his pronouns, and I’m a third-year from Portland, OR studying Russian & East European Studies and Comparative Literature. Outside of school and work, I love reading, weightlifting, playing drums, and watching movies with friends.

This semester on Senate, I am the committee liaison. I am looking forward to helping students engage with Oberlin’s committee governance system, and to working with the Winter Term working group toward a robust network of on-campus Winter Term opportunities.

Rory Callison: Hi, I’m Rory Callison! I use he/him/his pronouns. I’m the only first-year on Senate this semester. I was born and raised in Denver, Colorado. I love theater, history, and politics. My goals in Senate this semester are to help my fellow first-years get smoothly acquainted with our new home, be as open and transparent as possible, learn more about the community so I can help further in the future, and help the Oberlin community and all of its members in any way I can. If you ever need anything, you can just shoot me an email or send me a message over social media — I’m on both Facebook and Instagram and I’ll definitely get back to you. Don’t be afraid to reach out for Senate-related business or if you just need a friend. I’m good for both! I’m looking forward to making this community a better place with your help!

I hope our statements have made you feel a little more in tune with us. Be sure to read next week’s column to see the other senators’ statements. We look forward to seeing you around campus. Please come to our weekly plenary meetings, attend our office hours, and be a part of our working groups. We always look forward to working with our fellow friends and classmates.

For those who don’t keep up with the weekly jabs published in the Review’s Opinions section, here’s the short of the nuclear energy debate that has graced the past two editions: College third-year Leo Lasdun wrote a pro-nuclear energy article in which he cited a NASA study claiming that nuclear energy saved 1.8 million lives between 1971 and 2009; this was in support of his broader claim that “the future is nuclear” (“Nuclear Represents Best Option,” Sept. 13, 2019). The following week, College second-year Shogo Ishikawa penned a broadside in response, casting doubt on NASA’s analysis and aspersions on Lasdun (“Lasdun Overlooks Downsides of Nuclear,” Sept.

20, 2019). Not only are Ishikawa’s claims unfounded, they perpetuate a tired and dangerous sentiment: Nuclear energy is not a part of the solution to climate change.

The first red flag in Ishikawa’s piece is when, in consecutive sentences, he admits that he “does not know how and with what methods NASA calculated the value of 1.8 million” and then claims that such a value “cannot be calculated accurately in any way.”

NASA’s methodology is quite simple. Nuclear energy did not actively save lives per se, but its use in place of fossil fuels — which were and remain the dominant source of global energy production — eradicated the potential for 1.8 million additional air pollution- and carbon emissions-related deaths.

This analysis does not depend on “phenomena that have happened in a parallel reality,” as Ishikawa puts it. It depends on our understanding of the effects of fossil fuel use on public health, which are well-documented and catastrophic.

Ishikawa’s dismissal of NASA’s study distracts from the more critical flaw in his piece: He presents no evidence to counter Lasdun’s claim that humanity requires nuclear energy to avert climate catastrophe. Lasdun’s claim isn’t for lack of evidence. At least in the U.S., the current nuclear infrastructure needs serious upgrading. For one, there is no long-term repository for nuclear waste, despite the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, which in 1982 entrusted the Department of Energy with the mandate, and a stream of capital, to handle virtually all nuclear waste disposal. Combine that with the fact that 31 of the U.S.’s 99 operating sites are holding more nuclear waste than their capacity allows, and Ishikawa’s alarm becomes more understandable. However, recent developments may relegate these safety issues to history.

One way nuclear plants have already addressed waste issues is by using on-site dry cask storage. Instead of overstuffing the on-site cooling pools with excess fuel rods, some plants put the older, spent rods in concrete cylinders. Removing these extra rods prevents buildup in the pools, buying the plants more time to operate safely until the federal government builds a waste repository. As of 2018, 85 of the 99 operating U.S. reactors employ dry cask storage. On top of that, after decades of stop-and-go, there’s some movement among U.S. legislators to approve the long-considered Yucca Mountain repository in Nevada.

Even if those measures aren’t enough, new developments in nuclear technology may ax fuel-based concerns entirely. The horrifying Fukushima disaster was the result of fuel rods overheating and reacting with water-based coolant to create explosive hydrogen. New fuels and coolants eradicate this possibility. Researchers have developed replacements for zirconium and uranium — the rod casing and fuel respectively — that don’t react with water the way traditional fuels do. Liquid sodium coolant also shows promise, as it precludes the possibility of generating heat-borne, explosive hydrogen.

There are even new cooling systems that function when a plant loses power or coolant stops circulating.

These technologies will need to phase into the current nuclear infrastructure, but luckily they require minimal retrofitting, especially the fuels. While I find adopting the profits and efficiency-based lens that Ishikawa is rightly skeptical of uncomfortable, there’s no denying the economic upside of these technologies. The fact that these fuels are also much more efficient means that, for once, safety and profits could go hand in hand — i.e., overcoming safety hurdles won’t require a Herculean economic commitment from the government.

But why nuclear over other renewables? I think this is the wrong question. Any serious solution to climate change will require firing on all cylinders — no contribution should be dismissed out of hand. That said, nuclear has an answer to one problem that has plagued other renewables for decades: matching energy supply to demand.

Wind farms produce energy only when the wind is blowing, and when the sun goes down, solar energy production grinds to a halt. Promising innovations in grid-level battery technology may solve these challenges, but nuclear already has an answer: small modular reactors. Where current reactors are big and flood grids with a constant, immense flow of energy — not ideal when electric companies charge producers back for overloading the grid — SMRs allow plants to output energy at a variety of levels. The plants can match demand in near real-time. SMRs also allow areas that can’t afford a massive plant to invest in high-return energy options, as these smaller reactors are assembly line-produced and require much less infrastructural prep to set up.

Ishikawa’s sentiment comes from a valuable place. Nuclear disasters loom over our history for good reason, and we would do well to learn the lessons they offer. This goes for all energy avenues, including renewables like solar, which often duck scrutiny despite producing heaps of electronic waste that poison economically disadvantaged communities. But everything comes down to this simple truth: we have a rapidly shrinking window of time to solve the climate crisis, and nothing should be off the table. If we don’t get to work now, our indecision will close that window — probably forever.

Climate Activism Must Be Universal, Inclusive Theo Canter Contributing Writer Last Friday’s Climate Strike left me and many others who participated in it with a sense of rising optimism and hope. With participants numbering in the millions worldwide, it was one of the largest social protests in recent years.

Soon after students walked out of class Friday morning and gathered around the Tappan Square bandstand, a wide variety of powerful speakers — ranging from high school students, to college students, to adult community members — made their voices heard.

Having been to many political gatherings and protests, especially in the past few years, I felt that this one in particular was different. This was not like Matthew McConaughey’s 2003 Saturday Night Live sketch, “Protest At The Lincoln Memorial,” in which a protest in Washington, D.C. falls apart due to the group’s inability to maintain focus on one single cause; instead, the speakers were passionate and single-minded about the importance of addressing climate change.

Sacha Brewer, Oberlin High School senior and president of the OHS Sustainability Club, shared her experiences with climate change here in Ohio, and connected them to her friends in areas affected far worse by natural disasters — and thus felt personally and humanly drawn to it.

David Ashenhurst, Oberlin resident and former member of City Council, was inspired by one of his elementary school teachers who had his class write climate change speeches.

Each person had their own special story on how they got here. As Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. told Oberlin’s graduating class of 1965 at their commencement address: “We may have come here on different ships, but we’re in the same boat now.”

I found the gathering on Friday reminiscent of the March For Our

Lives protest in 2018. Like gun violence, climate change is an issue that affects all of us simply by being on this earth — though gun violence, maddeningly, leaves Americans at far greater risk. The thing that sticks in my mind, two busy years after that rally, are that we gathered for a specific goal. Though it may be hard to reach for the very near future, the organizers of the March For Our Lives, and of the climate strike, had a distinct goal in mind, with clear serious stakes, and made that goal clear to all participating.

What concerns me for the future of our planet is not that nobody will listen. We all heard Greta Thunberg’s resonant “How Dare You” speech. My fear is that after all this impressive activism, we will return to our couches and screens like before, grinding out our sectarian social media grievance tweets. The point of mass gatherings is to galvanize. The cause that all of us care about is lost if we take this action to be solely cathartic therapy for our consciousness and a commercial performance for TV cameras.

The way to ensure the effectiveness of climate activism is to let this strike be only a beginning, and not an end. This means showing up and voting when there are candidates whose views on climate change match ours, even if we think their stance on another issue is not bold enough. It means keeping our activism distinct and on point.

Political organizing in the Trump era has too often become a victim-Olympics which makes it impossible to fight for one compelling cause without attack and counterattack among those in the coalition. As the proverb goes, “when two fight, the third wins.”

Who knows, perhaps both the suffrage movement and the abolitionists would have had their way sooner if each hadn’t gotten sidetracked into arguing about who needed their rights first.

We therefore must lay down our pet-

ty grievances about who suffers more, and all bring what we have to the table.

There are plenty of those out there, outside of major liberal cities, who want their lives and homes protected, and wish to see a better future for their children and a healthier planet. But, by insisting to constantly tie climate activism to buzzword causes brought up at every left wing rally, by putting the blame squarely on vague villains like: “the baby boomers,” “the corporations,” “colonialism,” and “the patriarchy,” we alienate the people who, like it or not, have control over our country’s laws.

Let me be clear: Softening our language in order to increase appeal is not giving up. On the contrary — it is the childish insistence to demand total acceptance without any changes to our message that signifies giving up. To show the City of Oberlin and Ohio communities at large that we really care about our surroundings, that we’re not just transplants into “the Oberlin bubble,” but active members of the community, how about we stop telling them that their way of life is racist or backward? How about we don’t point fingers at them for not being fluent in gender and race discourse so complicated and constantly changing that many of us don’t even keep up ourselves? If we care so much about acknowledging the true owners of the land, let’s show some humility to the place that we spend just a few years in, but for locals is a lifelong home. The only way to win back the white, working-class middle America that once supported Obama, but then switched to Trump, is to make it easy for them to support the things that we believe every good-headed person should support.

Is climate change exacerbated by globalized business and a corporate disregard for natural damage? Does climate change disproportionately impact people of color in poor neighborhoods and developing countries? Of

course it does. But we miss an important chance to say that it also impacts the privileged. This was the success of Nike’s Colin Kaepernick ads — to make the cause something that corporations can not only support without economic consequences, but to create positive results as an affirmation of their stance. This is not to say that we should let corporations off the hook for just a small statement, but rather that we shouldn’t burn bridges we’ll soon have to cross.

As much as we decry “structural oppression,” the only way to achieve change is to work within the system.

De jure segregation was successfully defeated, gay marriage was legalized nationwide, a woman’s right to choose was formally guaranteed, and countless other victories of justice in America were achieved chiefly by making an argument according to the legal system our country is based on.

Shunning the entirety, saying that, “it’s rigged” is self-defeating. Climate change is one of the rare instances of a solvable issue that affects every human, regardless of wealth, race, age, sexuality, or gender. We need to make the case that climate change is an everyone problem. As opposed to looking for every reason to disqualify someone from activism — for being white, wealthy, male, straight, etc — let us reorient this movement to give every person a reason to care. Stopping rising tides will protect both impoverished neighborhoods across the U.S. and the beachside mansions of Malibu.

This isn’t a zero-sum game, it’s a winwin.

Remember what we’re fighting for.

This is an issue so much bigger than any individual that we can’t afford to let personal disagreements prevent progress. As Ecclesiastes said: “to everything there is a season.” Now more than ever, it is the season of the climate. For our neighbors, our children, and ourselves, our task is too important to fail.

De Blasio Unquipped For Presidential Candidacy Continued from page 5

good idea. It’s a testament to De Blasio’s ego that he still entered the race.

De Blasio, New York City’s unlikeable mayor, planned to kick off his presidential bid with an exciting announcement. Instead, he was beaten to the punch by a 17-year-old political blogger when his campaign failed to cover up the announcement plans. To make matters worse, De Blasio’s combativeness with the media led the New York Post, his hometown paper, to print his entry into the race on the front page … covered with images of New Yorkers laughing at him.

The mayor’s run, filled with awkward moments, would get no better than his bungled announcement. De Blasio, who has openly fought with journalists and verbally attacked publications that cover him negatively, despite entirely truthful reporting, got what he deserved for his combative nature.

Since he lacked a coherent case for why he should be president, reporters instead reminded the public of his daily 11-mile trip to his favorite YMCA, his disturbing habit of eating pizza with a knife and fork, and that one time he dropped a groundhog at a ceremony and killed it. With even the slightest bit of effort, De Blasio could have avoided making these mistakes — but De Blasio is not a man of effort.

Desperate for attention, De Blasio looked to the debate stage. In several particularly unprofessional momentse, the mayor rudely interrupted other candidates, managing to sadly beg for a viral moment with his trademark smug grin on his face. ClamorThe Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

ing to artfully portray himself as the most progressive of all the candidates, De Blasio instead came off as abrasive, incompetent, rude, and, well… De Blasio.

What’s more, his claims of progressivism were more a sham than reality. De Blasio, after claiming to be a progressive, endorsed Hillary Clinton over Bernie Sanders. The so-called self-proclaimed progressive joked about being on “Colored People Time,” playing into racist stereotypes. Since De Blasio has a Black wife and child, you’d think he would realize portraying racist attitudes is unacceptable — but it seems he doesn’t care.

In a debate, De Blasio claimed to be the one on the stage best equipped to understand African American issues, while Cory Booker, who is Black, stared at him from a few feet away. De Blasio has consistently failed to address housing issues disproportionately affecting nonwhite people and had no plans to fire Eric Garner’s killer until protesters yelled at him to do it at the second debate. To make matters worse, a panel of De Blasio’s advisors recently suggested segregating New York City public schools. De Blasio is no progressive.

Backlash over the segregation idea, De Blasio’s lack of charisma, and poor performance in his home state made De Blasio’s presidential bid seem as ridiculous as the man himself. While De Blasio was in Iowa awkwardly chowing down on corn dogs, a blackout, which he was unable to address, hit Manhattan. In May, when he declared his candidacy, he spent just seven hours working, that entire

month. While he wasn’t doing his job, he was drawing crowds as huge as 15. None of this looked good for De Blasio.

When candidates like Eric Swalwell and Kirsten Gillibrand were unable to raise funds or enthusiasm, they dropped out. De Blasio, similarly unable to fundraise, turned to corruption instead. Engaging in quid-pro-quo schemes with the city’s rich and powerful, he was investigated for campaign finance violations, shining a light on his corrupt dealings in the city. It’s not limited to his obfuscating campaign funding systems — he also gave $1 billion to his wife’s failing mental health initiative.

Using methods like these, he raised enough money to stay in after failing to qualify for the September debates.

Despite failing to reach 1 percent in even one qualifying poll, and despite having lower favorability ratings in his own city than Donald Trump, De Blasio would not give up. It was a Siena poll of 359 New York voters that finally convinced him to see reality. In the poll, exactly one respondent said they would vote for him.

The De Blasio campaign has not responded to queries about whether or not his one supporter was his mother.

De Blasio should find comfort in the fact that when he dropped out, his exit from the race finally gave him the viral moment he so desperately sought. Good riddance to the mayor. Let’s hope his staff, friends, constituents, and wife can keep him out of the race in 2024.

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Oberlin Community Fitness/ Cross Country Trail

Weekly Calendar Friday 9/27 Rajeev Taranath Rajeev Taranath is an award-winning musician who specializes in the sarod, a four-stringed lute central to North Indian classical music.

He will be accompanied by the accomplished tabla percussionist Nitin Mitta.

8 p.m. Finney Chapel // Tickets: $2 with OCID, $5 for the public

Tuesday 10/1 47SOUL 47SOUL is an electronic Dabke band that performs in Arabic and English and was formed in Amman, Jordan, in 2013. Their music explores themes of freedom and struggle for equality in the region of Bilad al-Sham and elsewhere.

A one-mile trail loop located on campus just past the north fields and solar array. This trail is open to the public from dawn to dusk and has a comfortable running and walking surface. Surrounded by woods and wildflowers during the warmer months, it is an easy way for those without access to vehicles on campus to enjoy a bit of nature.

Image cour

Carlisle Reservation The Carlisle Reservation is the largest of the Lorain County Metroparks, and is only five miles from campus. It features a diverse set of ecosystems, including wetlands, fields, prairies, and woods, as well as the west branch of the Black River. Visitors can choose from over a dozen short trails to hike.

Image courtesy of wetla

9 p.m. // The ’Sco

Black River Reservation

Wednesday 10/2 Off-Campus Housing Fair Join the Office of Residential Education and local landlords to explore off-campus living opportunities.

6–8 p.m. // Root Room, Carnegie Building

Located in Elyria and Lorain, about 13 miles from campus, the Black River Reservation has a number of all-purpose trails that are great for walking and hiking. Visitors can enjoy a variety of landscapes, from fields of wildflowers to shale cliffs, while walking beside the Black River. A tram service is available at some parts of the park for those who are unable to walk the trail.

Image

Prime A dance performance featuring work

by Neva Cockrell, OC ’09, and Raphael Sacks, OC ’09. Prime has toured extensively in the last three years and is a co-production of the Art Monastery Project and the Loom Ensemble.

7 p.m. // Warner Main Space

Hi

Text & Lay

Northeast Ohio might not be the best place to fi climbing a big hill. While the weather is warm offer, everything from forests and wetlands to foliage. The following hikes vary in difficulty

Oberlin — you are here

North Coast Inland Trail

less than 1 mi. away

Image courtesy of the City of Oberlin

rtesy of Oberlin Athletics

A quick walk or bike from campus, you can access the North Coast Inland Trail from S. Main, S. Professor, or S. Pleasant streets. The trail, still a work-in-progress, spans 65 miles through Lorain, Huron, Sandusky, and Ottawa Counties and winds through woods and fields.

Amherst Beaver Creek Reservation

less than 15 mi. away

Image courtesy of Behnke Landscape Architecture

One of the smaller Lorain County Metro Parks, the Amherst Beaver Creek Reservation is a lovely place to go for a short walk through the woods.

Visitors can access the creek bed from the paved hiking path. See if you can spot some of the aquatic creatures in the creek, including fish, frogs, turtles, and crayfish! The park is only 10 miles from Oberlin.

Cuyahoga Valley National Park

andsandwatershed.com Image courtesy of Conservancy for Cuyahoga Valley National Park

e courtesy of alltrails.com

less than 50 mi. away

Although it is almost an hour away from campus, Cuyahoga Valley National Park is well-worth the trip.

The park features over 125 miles of hiking trails of varying degrees of difficulty. Visitors can also walk along the Ohio & Erie Canal using the Towpath Trail, which is wheelchair and bike accessible.

iking Around Oberlin

yout By Lily Jones, This Week Editor

find dramatic mountain peaks and sublime vistas, but hiking doesn’t have to involve m, take advantage of the vast variety of natural spaces the Oberlin area has to o rivers and cliffs. Or, visit in the chillier months to enjoy the colorful fall , but most feature relatively level ground and gentle inclines.

A r t s & C u lt u r e

ARTS & CULTURE September 27, 2019

Established 1874

Volume 148, Number 4

Art and Gender: Behind Japanese Noh Theater Hisa and Hikaru Uzawa’s performances in Oberlin this week were a rare opportunity to experience the unique culture and tradition behind authentic Noh theater. In addition to the art form’s trademark use of dance and wooden masks, the mother and daughter duo demonstrated their mastery as they continued to battle social norms within the traditionally male-dominated craft.

“Noh is a vibrant, living art form that practitioners and audiences have sustained for nearly seven hundred years,” Professor of Japanese Ann Sherif wrote in an email to the Review. “The intermingling of dance, vocal and instrumental music, [and] richly literary libretti contributes to Noh’s expressive abilities. Although the classical Noh as we know it today emerged from elite warrior culture in Japan’s medieval period, Noh’s ability to express this world [and] other worlds, ethical and emotional challenges, and its aesthetic power are reasons that Noh remains a living performing art.”

While they “understand that there is a big problem” within the male-dominated tradition, the Uzawas don’t want to be defined by their gender.

“We don’t want to be ‘gender warriors,’” Hikaru Uzawa said. “We just want to perform.”

For the complete article, please refer to oberlinreview.org.

A student wears a traditional Noh mask.

Text by Carson Dowhan, Senior Staff Writer Photos by Sofia Herron Geller

Hikaru (left) and Hisa (right) Uzawa demonstrating Noh techniques.

Workshop attendees learn Noh theater movements.

Akane Little, OC ’19, and College fourth-year Georgie Johnson sit with Noh instructors.

Hustlers Promises Radical Feminism, Delivers Tired Tropes Lyala Khan I must have watched the trailer for Hustlers at least 10 times. I’ve been waiting for it’s release since the day it was announced, and I even showed up to the theater early to get the best seats. The first 30 minutes did not disappoint, delivering one of the sexiest movie openings I have ever seen. Jennifer Lopez first appears on the screen performing a confident, sexy, and unbeatable dance as Ramona, the star of the strip club. This five-minute showcase proves that J. Lo’s Ramona exudes power, and she knows it.

Another iconic moment follows this stunning entry when the two main characters, Ramona and Destiny, played by Constance Wu, meet on the roof. Ramona is wrapped in a beautiful fur and smoking a cigarette when Destiny — a young stripper from Queens who’s trying to make money to support her grandmother — walks up and asks for a light. Ramona then, quite literally, takes Destiny under her wing, enveloping her in the folds of her fur coat as the two women smoke together.

The story follows Destiny and Ramo-

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na as they deal with the economic fallout from the 2008 financial crisis. They eventually find a way to make money off of rich Wall Street men by drugging them and charging their credit cards.

The two women depend on one another for survival, emotional support, and friendship, but when the film cuts to the present a reporter is exploring the dissolution of their friendship in the wake of criminal prosecution.

Several scenes of the film did represent the kind of radical female power portrayed in the trailers. For example, Cardi B’s lesson on lap dancing shows a transgressive joy for her job as a stripper and Lizzo’s bodysuit made of mesh crushes societal expectations for larger bodies. However, these moments are fleeting, and most of the movie didn’t live up to my expectations of radical feminism. Where I expected to see a fresh look at the lived experience of strippers and the ups and downs of their profession, the film delivers a view of strippers filtered through the male gaze.

Rather than fully exploring the complications of Destiny and Ramona’s friendship, Hustlers relies on a tired

trope of women seeking fulfillment through motherhood. Destiny was abandoned by her mother as a child and therefore is drawn to Ramona as a maternal figure. Ramona has a daughter and at times treats Destiny like one too. Ramona’s maternal side seems to be written to soften her rough, money-minded, and volatile personality.

Personally, I like Ramona’s roughness.

It shouldn’t be necessary to characterize women as mothers to make them more relatable.

Additionally, while the cast features many women of color, the film avoids difficult conversations about race. For example, Ramona brings up the fact that Destiny has an advantage as a stripper because she is Asian, which hints at the problematic fetishization of Asian women, but the topic is never properly addressed. In fact, despite having two women of color in the lead roles and several others in supporting roles, Hustlers never actually talks about race or the particular consequences of whiteness in the spaces these women occupy.

Since Hustlers deals with women who work in an industry that often degrades them, race has a relevant and import-

ant impact on these experiences that went un-discussed.

Further, Hustlers doesn’t challenge the conventional notions of what strippers should look like. While there is a transgender actress in the film and several overweight women, these characters are only in the film for a few minutes. The main troop of four women on screen — Ramona, Destiny, Annabelle, and Mercedes — are all cisgender, skinny, and attractive in the most conventional ways.

Hustlers was entertaining, funny, and sometimes heartwarming, but it was not groundbreaking. The film tried embracing radical ideas but could not commit to fully exploring them, ultimately returning to familiar territory to tell its story. It will always be fun watching a group of women take advantage of creepy men in order to get filthy rich. However, I would love to see more nuanced female relationships and bigger risks in terms of diversity. I recommend Hustlers, not for the radical female empowerment the trailers promised, but for Lizzo’s cameo, Cardi B’s stripping advice, Wu’s performance, and Lopez’s furs.

Book Nook Monthly Reviews: Alison Bechdel’s Fun Home Kate Fishman Arts & Culture Editor I read Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic twice, once in high school at my mom’s recommendation, and once after getting to Oberlin, when it was on the syllabus for my firstyear seminar. I think Alison Bechdel is one of the most touted celebrity Obies because she did something that feels quintessentially Oberlin: She wrote a memoir that was not just a memoir but a graphic novel, and one about queerness at that. Not only that, but Fun Home was turned into a musical!

The book is riddled with Oberlin references. I remember yelping in the quiet section of Mudd Center upon flipping to a page where Bechdel sat reading in a womb chair — as I sat doing the very same. Other panels feature the mailroom or dorms. But I think Fun Home is commonly beloved by college students generally, not just

by Obies, because its examination of family, intimacy, and self-reflection feels so specific to the experience of being a student away from home.

In my first-year seminar, we spent some time examining a page where Bechdel is in the car with her dad after she’s come out to him. Their truths are unspooling inch by inch as they both sit facing forward, in one of the most honest conversations they’ve had — it resonated with me so much in thinking about when it’s easiest to talk to my own parents.

Sometimes facing forward, not looking at each other, is the most graceful way to bring honesty to bear.

While the details of Bechdel’s experience are personal to her — and have stunned readers and viewers since the project’s release — the tenderness of her voice speaks to a universal audience. When I think about Fun Home, I think about the fascination and reflection brought on by distance, and distance in particular from one’s family. I also think about Bechdel’s beautiful drawings, and the credence they gave to my feelings in my new home. Fun Home is an exercise in making meaning out of youth and family, and it does so beautifully.

It also has a fantastic title.

Drawing by Alex Tash

Olive Hwang Production Editor Fun Home occupies a really special place in my heart. In this graphic novel, Alison Bechdel captures her relationship with her father in all its strange beauty and messy contradictions. It’s a deeply moving, intimate story. Subverting a linear narrative, Bechdel opts to continually revisit key memories as she processes and constructs meaning from her experiences. In particular, she returns to memories of her father in light of his apparent suicide and the revelation that he was a closeted

gay man. As a newly-out lesbian grieving this loss, Bechdel must grapple with his complex legacy, as well as figure out how to move forward with her own life.

Despite the graphic novel’s serious tone, Bechdel manages to find slivers of humor in life’s darker moments. Moreover, she celebrates moments of joy; everything ranging from the thrill of romantic love to her first encounter with a butch woman and her immediate sense of recognition and identification.

Part of what brings me back to Fun Home again and again are the illustrations. Blue-gray ink wash-

es and crisp black lines keep readers from getting too comfortable in any particular point in time, giving Bechdel the ability to seamlessly whisk you from one memory to another. There is also a remarkable attention to detail in Bechdel’s artwork — pay attention and you can identify some Oberlin landmarks casually tucked into the scenery.

If you enjoy Fun Home, check out Bechdel’s other work, especially the Dykes to Watch Out For comic strip. I’d also recommend Marbles by Ellen Forney, a graphic memoir that chronicles the author’s life with bipolar disorder and interrogates the trope of the tortured artist.

Hamlet Adapted for One-Woman Show Running this Weekend But Never Doubt I Love is a one-woman show compiled by double-degree fifth-year Marina Wright, pictured left, who has performed in various campus productions and has wanted to direct a show of her own since her second year. Her years of experience are truly brought to the fore with this phenomenal 30-minute act that adapts Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Wright successfully brings the entire project together with a compelling and enjoyable performance, especially highlighted by the liveliness of the show’s musical aspects.

Wright’s adaptation places the relationship between Hamlet and Ophelia at the center of the narrative, allowing other elements of the original to function as subplots.

“One of the reasons I looked into it is because for a project, I was given Hamlet, and one of the problematic aspects of him, I think, is how he treats the women in his life,” Wright said. “I wanted to explore his relationship with Ophelia, especially because he doesn’t treat her very well, and I was curious why.”

The show shines particularly in how it embraces anachronisms, essentially reinventing the complex nature of Hamlet in a more modern, streamlined fashion. From the moment “Paint It Black” by the Rolling Stones fills the Cat in the Cream, the performance revels in being as far from a conventional Shakespeare play as possible.

Despite all that distinguishes this play, the core idea is still rooted in the rich source material, focusing on the nature of Shakespearean characterization.

“The play interests me a lot too because [with] Lady Macbeth, you see the whole transition,” Wright said, thinking about the story beyond the text. “But Hamlet, you see him in the midst of emotional turmoil, but who was he beforehand?”

But Never Doubt I Love examines the psychology behind Shakespeare’s canonical character, to which Wright confidently adds her interpretation of the context surrounding him. It is a brave endeavor indeed, and one executed with quality, grit, and a true Obie twist.

Text by Kushagra Kar, Production Editor Photo by Mallika Pandey, Photo Editor

The Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

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A r t s & C u lt u r e ON THE RECORD

Danny Prikazsky, OC ’14, Are You the One? Cast Member that, my ex and I broke up. And so I moved to Los Angeles because I still wanted to act but in film or television instead of theater. I started working as a software developer just to pay the bills.

So how did you get the opportunity to be on Are You the One? So the journey there was I was hanging out outside of a club in Hollywood, which is not something I do a lot of, but it was a big day. And these two women came up to me and they said, “Hey, have you ever considered being on a show like The Bachelor?” and I was like, “Oh, stop it!” But they were casting producers for The Bachelorette and they took my information and sent me an application. I filled it out and applied, went through a few rounds of interviews, but they eventually passed on me.

After things didn’t work out with The Bachelorette, I was like, “Okay, I’ll give this a shot.” I applied for a different reality show called Relationships.

And again, I went through a couple rounds of interviews. They passed, but they gave my information to Are You the One? — I think because they knew I was bi — and then I got cast on Are You the One?.

Danny Prikazsky

Photo courtesy of Danny Prikazsky

Danny Prikazsky, OC ’14, was a cast member on the most recent season of Are You the One?, a reality dating show in which 16 cast members attempt to find their “perfect match.” In Prikazsky’s season, which was filmed in Hawaii, the show broke tradition by featuring 16 sexually-fluid cast members and matching many of them with same-sex partners. Since the show’s conclusion, Prikazsky has started a YouTube channel, and he has a platform on the gaming network Twitch.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

Aly Fogel Arts & Culture Editor What was your major at Oberlin, and what were your plans post-graduation?

I studied Theater and Creative Writing. Leaving Oberlin, my plan was to pursue a career in theater. I moved to Chicago with my ex-fiancé, who was also an Oberlin graduate, and a bunch of friends, a number of whom still live out there now. We did some theater together and I was like,

“Nope, I don’t want to do this anymore.” It’s not my favorite thing. And Chicago was way too cold.

My ex-fiancé and I moved to Portland. I started working with adults with developmental disabilities and she was working at a preschool. We were both pretty close to minimum wage, and so I went to this boot camp in San Francisco to learn how to be a data scientist. When I got back from

What did you think about the premise of Are You the One before you got cast on the show? Especially the idea of finding a perfect match?

I thought it was pretty silly. I mean, I don’t know if I believe in the idea of a perfect match to begin with.

And beyond that I don’t know how much faith I have that someone else can find that person for you. So that part of the concept I don’t buy into completely. But on the other hand, I really do like the format of the show better than other reality dating shows that I’ve heard of– Particularly like The Bachelor and The Bachelorette because, first of all, it’s pretty hetero. I guess [a recent contestant Demi Burnett] was bisexual, and they had a big moment about that. So that’s pretty cool. But it’s like they pick one person of one gender and a bunch of people of the other gender. And then they say, “Hey, your goal for this show is to have that person fall in love with you.” And if you don’t accomplish that, you’re kicked off. So it has this weird incentive structure where it’s like you have to immediately fall head over heels in love for someone that you’ve never met, or just be dramatic

enough that the producers won’t let you get kicked off the show. It’s competitive; there’s elimination. Actually, I love board games and I’ve designed board games, so I think a lot about the structure of games. I love that Are You the One? is cooperative.

What was your experience on the show like?

It was a good time. I didn’t think that I was definitely going to find the perfect person for me. And so my goal was to work on being a better person for the next person I am in a relationship with whether or not I find that person in Hawaii. I thought a lot about who I’ve been in relationships in the past. I thought a lot about what I believed led to the downfall of my previous relationships. And I came up with a few areas where I wanted to grow and work on being a better partner. Every day presented an awesome challenge to continue working on that.

Do you feel like that’s something you accomplished through the filming of this show?

I mean, I cried so much while I was there. They didn’t even show the first session with [relationship coach and dating expert Dr. Frankie Bashan].

We were talking about open relationships and then I went out to the confessional trailer and cried a bunch. I feel like I was really vulnerable there.

On the one hand, it was cool. It’s like a relationship boot camp; you are put in a very high-stress situation and so you get opportunities every day to work on all of these things. Every day, I had a chance to tell people how I felt because I was feeling a lot every day. I had the chance to ask for what I needed because I wasn’t getting it. And now that I’m back in the real world, my life isn’t as dramatic as what was going on in the Are You the One? house. So I feel like I did a really good job working on those goals there and I’ve been trying my best to bring it back to my real life.

What was the reaction to the queer relationships and queer identities in this season? What kind of comments have you gotten about it?

Pretty much all of the comments that I’ve gotten have been 100 percent positive. There have been bigots, too, and there have been people who are like, “I’m not a homophobe, but I See Alum, page 13

An Obie Recommends: Finding a Place On Campus Imani Badillo Senior Staff Writer I told myself this semester that I would make an effort to find truly relaxing outdoor spaces on campus. After a summer spent in a city with few opportunities to enjoy nature, a place full of greenery was at the top of my list of prospects. I wanted somewhere to attach memories to; in my first year I had made many lasting memories with friends but had fewer significant feelings attached to physical spaces.

In my experience, very few Obies have ventured into the territory of the Art Building. To most of Oberlin, the Allen Memorial Art Museum and the surrounding art-related spaces remain unvisited, meant only for the study of art. But this collection of buildings is worthy of study in their own right. The museum is a great place to analyze pieces or to collect yourself for a short time– in my opinion, the art library is the most comfortable study spot on campus; and the studios bring back memories of walk-

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ing around easels, looking for inspiration within the works in progress.

I think a large part of why students rarely venture to this space voluntarily is because it is separate from the other academic buildings on campus. But the entire trek to and from this area, for me, provides an important space to breathe. Walking across Tappan Square, I can finally spend a couple minutes thinking of my goals and my development rather than my academic path or my daily routine.

A huge tree rests outside of the Venturi Art Building: a European weeping beech. The trunk twists and turns into thick branches that droop down in a surrounding circle, encompassing the nearby benched structure that holds the tree up. An easy-to-miss plaque rests in the middle of this canopy telling passersby that this tree, also called the Bacon Arbor, was a gift to the College. “[The tree] is still very young and will continue to grow for many decades,” the plaque reads. “People and the Weeping Beech can live in harmony for years to come, with the tree growing larger

and the pleasure of seeing it becoming ever greater.”

It wasn’t until this semester that I truly noticed this thick canopy of leaves in this area. I’d walked under this tree so many times, completely missing the strong roots holding everything together, and the messages that students have carved into the tree over many years. I discovered it walking with my friends the weekend before classes started. We spent an entire afternoon sitting beneath the tree, taking pictures with the leafy background of the weeping branches.

The Art Building, a place near and dear to my heart, is a large part of my weekly routine of class, work, and play and the sight of this tree, previously passed over, is now an important part of my walk into the mode of art-related subjects. I appreciate the life that the Bacon Arbor brings to my walk. It is only a small part of Oberlin, but I hope that others have noticed this living being that has been here for years and can stop to think about their memories in natural spaces.

Alum Featured on Reality Dating Show

CROSSWORD Lauren O’Hear

Continued from page 12

just don’t want to see this on my TV.” There were a lot of the comments on Instagram when the show’s official Instagram account would post pictures before the season even premiered. There were a lot of negative comments on Instagram when they posted pictures of Basit [a nonbinary cast member] or when they posted a picture of Max wearing rainbow socks. But they posted a video of me playing the ukulele and singing a little song and there were no negative comments. That really pissed me off because I know that I’m somebody who passes, but I am bi.

I am not very outwardly femme when I don’t choose to be. And so I feel like these people were seeing me and being like, “Oh, that dude looks like a straight dude. He’s cool.” And then the same viewers were seeing these other people who wear their sexual identity much more on their sleeves and they caught all of the flack for it. And my castmates were like, “Yeah, Danny, that’s how homophobia usually works.”

It really sucked to see these people who didn’t want to watch the show just because it would mean watching love between samesex couples. I just really want to challenge those people to grow the f **k up and realize that there might be more for them to relate to within same-sex couples than they thought.

Down 1. Latin prefix meaning “distant” 2. Person who leads prayer in a mosque 3. Familial figure sharing its name with a bug 4. Toward the back of a ship 5. Key you press to indent 6. Color 7. Friendly alien from the ’80s 8. Sudden attack by the enemy 9. Formal waist sash 10. Lakers legend 12. Collect $200 13. See 3 down, character in The Wizard of Oz 14. Cold, unmoving demeanor 17. String instrument popular during the European Renaissance 23. Organization to aid those recovering from alcoholism 24. Tom Riddle 25. Woodworkers’ instruments 28. The leg lamp from A Christmas Story 29. Dishonest conduct, specifically by doctors and lawyers 31. Soft French cheese 32. Short-lived trend 35. Introduce air into 36. Olive, canola, vegetable 39. Filler word to indicate uncertainty 40. Molecule or atom with net electric charge 41. Electronic software program, often seen with an “i” in front 42. Sheet of rock moved sideways over a neighboring sheet of rock, geology term 45. 4G mobile communications standards 49. A great amount, singular 50. Mathematical term, shorthand for the square root of the mean square 52. Giant cloud of space dust

The Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

54. Second person pronoun, Spanish 56. Blabbering, same word twice 58. Helpful inhabitant of the North Pole 59. Red rum 60. Bowman’s aid 62. Calls into question 66. Espresso and steamed milk 67. User of a beloved social media app, RIP 69. Without diversion 71. Largest course of a meal 73. Shade in the brown family 74. Hunk actor who rose to fame in the 2006 movie Step Up 76. The larger of human reproductive cells, plural 77. One afflicted by a disease commonly referenced in the Bible, cured

by Jesus 81. Bill! Bill! Bill!

86. @ 88. Egyptian sun god 89. “You’ll float, too” novel Across 1. Disney princess of the ribbiting ’20s 5. Celebrity with a geological nickname 11. Love denier in A Midsummer Night’s Dream 15. Australian cousin to the ostrich 16. Mexican dish wrapped with a fried tortilla 18. Acronym of a Canadian university 19. A meditative noise 20. Initials for a computer network spanning a small area 21. Mode of travel for Londoners 22. Shakespeare’s heartbeat 24. An old fashioned expression of wonder and amazement 25. First responder 26. Honorable woman 27. Wind maker 29. ____ and flows

31. Coy 32. High school program for high-achievers 34. Referring to travel to a foreign country 36. “Open wide” 37. Robespierre’s demise 42. To wait in anticipation 43. Changes light color 45. Sad and apathetic behavior 46. What a chatty person gives 47. Everyone’s least favorite word 50. A group that advocates upholding the second amendment 52. Father 53. An annoying person is such a ____ 54. Indicating personal belonging 56. Two crows making plans to meet their friends 60. Acronym of an Illinois metropolitan art school 62. Electric 63. Initials of the actor who played Jacob Black in Twilight 64. Hallucinogenic drug 65. Text slang for an amorous feeling 67. Institutor of The New Deal 69. Feeling of relaxation 71. A person who prefers uppercase letters 74. A figure to be worshipped 77. Enclosed by 78. Peninsula enclosing the Gulf of Mexico 79. Returned from the dead 81. Perry the Platypus’s secret occupation 82. Counseling 83. Initials of the actor portraying Breaking Bad’s Hank Schrader 84. Body part with a drum 86. Creepy 89. The dried fruit found in the title of Lorraine Hansberry’s best-known work 90. Small asteroid 91. What seven did to nine

Definitely. I know you said you’re not usually very femme, but there were moments on the show where you wore skirts or other traditionally-feminine clothing. Is that something you usually do? Was that an intentional choice?

I went to Oberlin, baby! It’s not something that I used to do much of, but starting the year that my ex-fiancé and I broke up, it was something that I started doing more. Ever since Drag Ball at Oberlin, I realized I really like this. The dress that I wore to queer prom on Are You the One? was the dress that I bought for my first Drag Ball. I went out and bought the dress with a friend from high school while I was home. I felt so deeply uncomfortable going into Torrid and buying a dress because I was really feeling it. I was so into it and I was so uncomfortable with anybody seeing me being so into it.

Even going forward, I didn’t do it much because I’m a people-pleaser and I want to give people what they want and what they’re expecting. Once I’ve made friends and they know me a certain way and expect me to be a certain way, I have a hard time breaking out of that. So with all of my friends from college and with my ex, they knew me as this masculine presenting guy.

And then after we broke up, going into 2017 there had been the whole Trump election and everyone I knew was terrified and felt really awful. There was this meme going around of “me at the beginning of 2016, me at the end of 2016, me in 2017.” It was starting from innocence going to being horrified, then, in 2017, going to be the biggest, baddest bad bitch version of yourself, and I was like, “I want that to be the theme of my New Year’s Eve.” So I went out and I bought a skirt and a leather jacket and a camo bandana to tie around my head to look like a femme commando. And I wore that out New Year’s Eve and since then it’s been like a treat. It’s a fun night out for me to pick out my femme clothes that I like and feel comfortable in and wear those.

That’s great! I’m happy to hear that a Drag Ball dress made it on to Are You the One. I also did a fundraiser for Trans Lifeline and for anybody who donated over $5 got a chance to win one of the pieces of femme clothing that I wore on the show, which included the dress from Drag Ball.

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Sp ort s IN THE LOCKER ROOM

Leandre Glendenning, Biologist and Softball Player

College fourth-year Leandre Glendenning is from Concord, CA. As a varsity softball player majoring in Biology and French and minoring in Religion and Chemistry, Glendenning can be found in all corners of campus. She has conducted biological research about cells and genetics. In her spare time, she knits and crochets for various charities, including Knit-a-Square, Project Linus, and Alice’s Embrace — all of which provide blankets and knitwear to those in need around the world. When considering her future endeavors, Glendenning hopes to find herself at a graduate program doing Biology research.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

Alexis Dill Tell me about the research you do on campus.

I do research in the lab of Professor [Maureen] Peters in the Biology department. We do a lot of genetics experiments. Right now we’re focusing on trying to identify epistatic effects between several genes in C. elegans.

What specifically do you do?

The first summer was in a molecular biology lab. I did a lot of PCR, which is basically when you look at the products of DNA. DNA gets converted to RNA and then to protein — we’re taking the RNA step and amplifying it so that we can look at what’s actually being produced in the gene. Last summer I got a really unique opportunity to work with the same professor and the worms that I had been working with before, except it was a joint project between her and a microbiology professor elsewhere in the department. What we were looking

Glendenning presents her research on cell communication.

Photo courtesy of Leandre Glendenning

at is whether Legionella actually infects worms or whether worms serve as a host for Legionella.

Your research has gained some attention. What has followed your efforts?

My lab group and I went to the 35th Annual International C. elegans Conference at [the University of California, Los Angeles], which was really cool because I’d never been to a conference before. It was basically five days of attending a bunch of talks. On the last day there was some partying and a little comic show and other fun stuff.

How many people were there?

I think it was around a couple thousand people, but people came from other countries — from Europe and China. So that was actually the last summer that they would have the conference at UCLA. From now on, it’s going to be in Europe because it’s closer to more of the attendees.

You’re in the process of applying to grad schools. What are you hoping to do in the future?

I would like to get a Ph.D. in microbiology. I hope to take that degree and go into industry and work in drug development — either antibiotics or other … means of treating infectious disease .

What’s your dream job?

My dream job would be to have a nice industry position where I get a solid salary — so probably doing research for one of the big pharmaceutical [companies] that every biologist hates. But I would be working for a big company, and it would give me a solid paycheck and make me feel like my work is actually making a difference. I want to do the sort of research that has an immediate impact. I want to do therapeutics.

It’s your fourth and final year on the Oberlin College softball team, and

Leandre Glendenning in action on the softball field.

you’re one of just two seniors. Talk about your journey.

I think that when we came into this program, there weren’t as many people as there are now, and I think we had lower standards. As other classes have come in, there’s been a lot of progression toward becoming a harder working team. When we first came in, it wasn’t expected that you take extra reps with the coaches before and after practice, and now it’s pretty much expected that everyone who wants to improve and wants to play does that. I think there’s been a lot of progress. There have definitely been hard times because we’ve never had a winning season. But I think we’re definitely making steps in the right direction. I think we have a lot more commitment now and that our expectations are getting higher.

You’ve played a multitude of positions for the team — pitcher, first base, second base, and outfield.

I only played first base for a short stint, but yeah, I came in as a pitcher and middle infielder. Then [Head Softball Coach Sara Schoenhoft] told me I would be playing outfield when I wasn’t pitching my [first] year. And I was like, “Okay, great.” Then I tried to become an outfielder and she told me I would no longer pitch. So I moved back to second base. I’ve tried to fill whatever role Coach needs. I’ll do whatever I need to to help the team win.

Reflecting on your years at Oberlin, it might be vital to mention that you lost your mother shortly before arriving here and had to adjust to being away

Photo courtesy of OC Athletics

from your dad for the first time. How did that go?

Moving so far away was difficult because my dad is a single parent, and so, we were really close. But on the flip side, he worked a lot and I would go straight to practice after school, so we didn’t really see each other as much as one would have thought. We kind of just crossed paths, so I’ve always been somewhat independent.

The biggest thing was doing my own laundry and doing my own dishes and realizing that all these peripheral tasks that as kids we were used to having a parent do, you have to do yourself [in college]... You need to learn how to balance all of your chores and commitments and be able to keep your living space tidy and livable yourself. That was the biggest change for me. And when something goes wrong, you can’t just be like, “Dad, the internet’s not working.” You have to figure things out for yourself.

What are you hoping to get out of your last year at Oberlin?

The conference championship. That would be cool — although our program has never made it to the conference tournament, so maybe we’ll start there.

Otherwise I’m just trying to keep up my grades, keep playing softball, and do the best I can. I kind of want to go out with a bang. I don’t want to just wilt away into obscurity. I want to have a better season because it’s the last season I’m going to play. I don’t really intend to do anything besides coach after this, so I really want to have a good year. Making a conference tournament appearance would be great.

Former Varsity Athletes Find That, After Athletics, Life Goes On Khalid McCalla Contributing Sports Editor Athletics play a significant role in many Obies’ college experience.

Roughly 350 students — over ten percent of the student body — are part of the 21 varsity sports teams offered by the College. Club and intramural sports provide a fun way for students to stay active and compete with one another without the time commitment of a varsity sport.

These athletes’ reasons for participating can range from finally trying a sport they have watched for years to the fulfillment of a lifelong dream of participating in college athletics. Most athletes assume that their career will last all four years.

However, for many Oberlin athletes, this isn’t the case. Whether it be the result of injuries, or overcommitting themselves, or any other unforeseen circumstances, many Oberlin athletes

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end up leaving their teams before graduation.

College fourth-year Courtney Kozdron is one of these athletes.

A former softball player, Kozdron left the team the summer before her second year. Coming into her first year, Kozdron was working her way back from a thumb injury that required surgery. Over the course of that year, she sustained a concussion, and then injured both her shoulder and her knee — both of which required surgery.

“I went to a geneticist that told me I had hypermobility type Ehlers Danlos Syndrome. Its a ligament condition,” Kozdron said, “The collagen isn’t working properly, so things get too stretched out and can’t heal. So my joints would dislocate and ligaments would stretch out and tear and I needed to get surgery to fix them. And they told me that if I were to continue playing it would just keep happening

and would get worse.”

College third-year Kayla Small was part of the dynamic 2017-18 women’s basketball team that captured the school’s first-ever North Coast Athletic Conference Title. Shortly before the 2018-2019 season started, she left the team.

“I remember going to a practice and realizing I just didn’t love the process anymore,” Small said. “I didn’t love preparing for games or competing with teammates or outside competitors. I needed to find and put my time into something I did love.”

College second-year Crystal Gluchowski came into her first year expecting to play for for the women’s soccer team for the entirety of her college years. She appeared in 11 games and was poised to take on a bigger role this year, but left the team before she could assume that role.

“So there’s different reasons,” Gluchowski said, “There’s family

reasons … so I have to go home as often as possible. The other one is that Oberlin’s language program isn’t as large as I would like. [Hispanic Studies 440: Music, Orality, and Literature in Hispanic Traditions] meets Tuesdays from 7 p.m. to 9:40 p.m. The team has a lot of games, home and away, on Tuesdays so either I couldn’t take the class or I’d miss a lot of things, which isn’t good. It’s to be expected with a smaller college, where foreign languages aren’t prioritized, because as much as I do love soccer, that isn’t my future.”

Not viewing athletics as a potential career option post-Oberlin is relatable — not only for former athletes, but for current ones as well. The appeal of Division-III athletics, for many people, stems from being able to play the sport they love with people they love. These relationships can make participation in athletics on Oberlin’s See Life, page 15

Life Continues After Athletics Athletes Find a Place in OSCA Continued from page 14

campus worthwhile, but can also make it difficult to leave the team.

“My teammates were wonderful,” Small said. “Obviously I don’t spend nearly the same amount of time with them that I did, so it’s only natural some of us grew apart. But I still consider them some of my closest friends and love seeing them when I can.”

While it would be nearly impossible for the relationships that are formed during athletics to completely go away, they do change when an athlete leaves a team, something that Gluchowski has experienced after her decision.

“I definitely feel like [my teammates] understood, but it has been kind of rough because I got [excluded from] social events,” Gluchowski said, “That was a bummer. I did make friends outside of the soccer team my first year, but when you’re with a group of people for such long chunks of time that becomes like your main group. I feel like some of them don’t know how to interact with me anymore.”

Kozdron shared a similar sentiment, mentioning the change that she experienced in her relationships with her former teammates after leaving the team, and her need to build a new community outside of athletics.

“I do still have friendships with people on the team,” she said, “It was a bit of an adjustment at first because my first year was dominated by softball and then I came in my second year not really knowing anybody outside of softball.”

Struggling to find a new community to be a part of is an issue that most athletes don’t anticipate heading into Oberlin. Their team is supposed to be their community.

“My mentality [when it came to picking a college] was that I wanted to go to the best academic school that I could while still playing softball,” Kozdron said.

Since the team is a large part of what they predict their Oberlin experience to be, losing this support system can make many athletes question their place on campus.

“I considered leaving [Oberlin] after I left the team because one of the main reasons I came here was because I could do both pre-med and soccer,” Gluchowski said.

While leaving a team that was supposed to be one of your strongest support groups can be a difficult decision, leaving a sport that you love can be almost impossible. It’s something that many athletes have to continuously deal with.

“I miss softball as a whole on a daily basis, but I can’t really regret quitting something that was going to make me have more surgeries,” Kozdron said.

She still tries to make it to at least one softball game a year to support her friends and the team that she used to be a part of.

“I did [regret leaving the soccer team] in the beginning,” Gluchowski said. “I felt like a quitter, ashamed, like, ‘Really, you couldn’t take all of this on?’

There are other people who do this, but, at the end, it was the right decision for me.”

“I don’t regret the decision, and that is how I know I made the right one,” Small said, “[That being said] I often miss basketball. However, everyday I am thankful for what it brought me.”

Kozdron, Gluchowski, and Small all share similar opinions on their decisions now that some time has passed. Seeing the bright side, all three point towards their newfound free time and the ability to explore other academic and extracurricular activities the College has to offer.

“As long as I can still work out and keep up with myself, I feel fine, and I’m kind of happier,” Gluchowski said.

“It was a lot of stress and time that I did not have. I was definitely pulling myself into too many places.”

Most student-athletes will go through their four years and fulfill their dreams of being a four-year college athlete. Their careers will end their senior years just as they had always intended. But for others, their career will end prior to that special fourth year. They will, for one reason or another, decide to hang up the cleats sooner than that, and that’s okay.

Continued from page 16

Members of the Harkness House dining co-op line up to serve themselves food.

Photo by Chris Schmucki, Photo Editor

“I was definitely worried about [meals being cancelled] in the beginning, but I have never gone to a meal and not had food during my time at Pyle [Inn co-op],” Sheffield said. “And the fridge is open to you so you can always make your own food if there’s not enough. There’s so much food that I feel like you can never go hungry; there’s always tons of vegetables and protein and grains.”

Being members of OSCA has also allowed student-athletes to engage in discourse about navigating social circles that can be less receptive to campus sports culture.

“There’s a lot of perception about athletes being part of a certain parts of campus culture and participating in certain social activities,” Fredell said. “I think that co-ops are kind of the opposite, and athletes think of [themselves] as being the opposite [of ] co-op culture as well. I’ve heard a couple of people say, ‘Oh, when I sit down and talk to athletes individually, they’re all really nice.’”

Fredell also expressed that her experiences in co-ops have been welcoming of LGBTQ+ identities in ways that are not always shown as clearly in the athletic community.

“OSCA is incredibly queer friendly and is made up of many queer people and the athlete community is not the same,” Fredell said. “I think if I hadn’t joined [OSCA], I wouldn’t have had so many friends that were queer.”

Athletes in OSCA are part of a small but growing body of students looking to become further engaged in the Oberlin community both on and off the field.

“I find the vast majority of OSCAns are earnestly compassionate and engaged in the accessibility, quality, and systematic workings of the co-op community,” Cole said, reflecting on her decision to join Harkness Hall Co-op.

“The idea of putting in a few weekly hours to clean and feed a group of people that I belong to in exchange for a much more affordable cost of living and a more direct connection to the food I eat makes both ethical and financial sense to me.”

Sports Editors: “Yeobie” for Albino Squirrel Mascot

After weeks of public discourse and polls, six names have been proposed for Oberlin’s new albino squirrel mascot: Stevie, Albie, Finney, Yeobie, Apollo, and Macademia. While there is virtue in all of the potential names — especially “Macademia” which, if it weren’t for the already-confusing spelling of Macadamia, many could see as a play on the word “academia” and the strand of nut that is typically consumed by squirrels — the Review’s Sports section would like to publicly endorse the name “Yeobie.” We believe that it represents a bridge between the two sides of campus, those that identify with “Yeo” — typically athletes, hence the “Go, yeo” athletics cheer — and those non-athletes who identify as “Obies.” We think that this unique unification could be something that all students can rally behind.

Text by Jane Agler, Sports Editor Photos courtesy of OC Athletics

The Oberlin Review | September 27, 2019

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SPORTS September 27, 2019

Established 1874

Volume 148, Number 4

Community of Athletes in OSCA Continues to Grow Zoë Martin del Campo Contributing Sports Editor

College third-year Tess Siciliano, women’s lacrosse player, gets her ankle rehabilitated.

Photo by Mallika Pandey, Photo Editor

Sports Medicine Center Supports Athletes Maranda Phillips You can find the Sports Medicine Center packed with varsity athletes preparing for practice at 4 p.m. on any weekday. Student-athletes use the facility daily to ensure stronger physical health. The Sports Medicine Center is located in Williams Field House and has space for taping, treatment, rehabilitation, and hydrotherapy, as well as a private physician’s exam room. The importance of physical health can be easily forgotten in the hustle and bustle of Oberlin’s academic environment. As a College athlete, I appreciate the Sports Medicine Center staff on Oberlin’s campus tremendously.

With so many teams that need their constant attention, we’re lucky to have four certified athletic trainers on staff who work hard to help student-athletes recover. This kind of close medical attention hasn’t always been provided for athletes. The American Medical Association didn’t recognize athletic trainers as legitimate medical professionals until June of 1990. By 1991, sports medicine had become an allied health profession, which has led to technological developments to aid athlete treatment. Athletic trainers have to complete rigorous academic and clinical programs to understand a diverse range of physiologies and anatomies. The profession requires a bachelor’s degree as well as a board certification test. Soon, many athletic trainers will be required to have a master’s degree due to the growing interest in the profession.

At Oberlin, the Sports Medicine Center is in charge of caring for 21 varsity teams and 23 club teams. Director of Sports Medicine Jill Rondini oversees assistant athletic trainers Kayla Caruso, John Brutvan, and Christine Schwartz. Each trainer is assigned to varsity teams based on when each sport is in season. Established groups allow trainers to develop a relationship with teams and to help with long-term recovery for some athletes.

Caruso, for example, works with field hockey, volleyball, men’s tennis, women’s basketball, and women’s lacrosse.

“I know that every team has different personalities, and knowing players better helps in the healing process,” Caruso explained in an interview with the Review. “Along with working with different teams, an injury repeats itself and can happen in completely different manners. It makes it easier to relate to

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whoever is in here by knowing a lot about one particular athlete.”

Dealing with injuries during college can be difficult. Many students lack the time and access to transportation to go to physical therapy or to get checked out by a hospital. Athletic trainers work long hours, and often work overtime to be present for evening games. Trainers must also be prepared to make split-second decisions when an athlete gets injured during a game.

“Clinical rotations have helped me react to injuries during games,” Caruso said. “My tactic is to think of the player and relate to them during the injury. Almost every trainer, right before the game runs [through] what might happen. It’s up to us to use our best judgement.”

Student workers also can be found in the training room, filling water bottles and taping athletes. Their job requires them to watch games and practices, and to tend to injuries that may occur. When there is a home game, there is most likely a student worker standing behind the bench with the athletic trainers.

There are currently eight student-workers employed in the training room. Josephine An, a women’s lacrosse player and College fourth-year, has worked at the Sports Medicine Center for the past three years.

“Working in the training room has been an overall pleasant experiment,” An said. “The job has allowed me to develop close relationships with the trainers and other athletes. It also gave me good insight [into] the work that the athletic trainers deal with throughout practices, games, and the duties in between.”

Caruso also voiced support for student workers in the training room.

“It’s great to have student workers because, for those that want to go into Sports Medicine, it gives them hands-on experience and preparation for graduate school,” Caruso said.

With the spotlight on the varsity athletes themselves, many might forget the hardworking team that keeps them healthy and able to play. The strong relationships fostered in the training room speak to the importance of sports medicine.

“I love my athletes and coaches at Oberlin,” Caruso said. “The relationship between the athletic trainers needs a candid camera — there’s so many great moments.”

For many at Oberlin, being a member of the Oberlin Student Cooperative Association is a central part of their college experience. OSCA provides a quirky and affordable community, leadership opportunities, and environmentally-wise and healthy food options for nearly one-quarter of the student body. Because of the nature of these completely student-run dining and housing facilities, being a member is a time commitment that consists of cooking and crew shifts or other managerial duties, which can conflict with athletic practices and games. However, for a small group of students, being a varsity athlete and a part of OSCA are not seen as mutually exclusive activities, providing unique communities and responsibilities.

College second-year and women’s soccer team member Madeline Lynam joined Pyle Inn co-op last semester in the hopes of accessing better food options.

She was also impressed by OSCA’s commitment to sustainability.

“I’m vegan, so sometimes the food from [Campus Dining Services] can be limiting, but I’d say 90 percent of co-op food is vegan,” Lynam said. “I love that all of our food comes from around the northern Ohio area. It just makes me feel a lot better about what I’m putting into my body and the ethics of it.”

For College second-year and member of the women’s cross country and track & field teams Lauren Cole, being a part of Harkness House co-op was appealing because of the family dynamic and culture of co-op living, one that is built on sustainability and accessibility.

“One of the biggest initial draws for me was the idea of self-sustainability as an organization, since OSCA is [run] by and for students, cleaned by and for students, cooked for and fed by students, and so on,” Cole said. “I was also very drawn to OSCA because of the socially communal — almost familial — aspect of co-ops. Co-ops are well known to be especially warm and welcoming places. Accessibility, in many forms, is a central concern of all co-ops, and in many ways everyone’s well-being within one co-op is tied together.”

OSCA was established in the 1950s and was at the forefront of a movement to promote fair labor practices, create policies to reduce students’ environmental impact, participate in social justice initiatives, and promote co-ed housing and dining. Being a part of Harkness co-op has introduced College third-year soccer player Lucy Fredell to this history in a way that has enriched her time at Oberlin. “[Co-ops] have shown me another side of Oberlin that I might’ve not really seen at all if I was only an athlete, which is kind of disappointing to think about,” she said. “I think that the tradition of co-ops on this campus is a history that’s really important to know about. It’s definitely deepened what it means to go to Oberlin for me.”

This is not to say that co-op life is without its challenges. For athletes that have two-hour practices everyday, it can be difficult to plan ahead for meals and ensure that they are getting enough food, especially protein and vegetables. An additional concern for athletes that are interested in joining OSCA is the coop work schedule.

“One of the biggest difficulties in being involved in both OSCA and a sports team is finding co-op shift hours that I can fit into my schedule,” Cole said.

“Another difficulty is simply having to miss a large amount of meals because of the timing of practice and meets. Luckily, OSCA has a ‘save-plate’ system to guarantee that everyone can get a plate from every meal, regardless of whether they can physically be there.”

College second-year and member of the women’s cross country and track & field teams Sunniva Sheffield shared similar sentiments about food accessibility within OSCA. See Athletes, page 15