29 Bird Scene - May & June 2016 by Theparrotsociety

BIRD ISSUE TWENTY NINE: MAY / JUNE 2016

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THE MAGAZINE FOR HOBBYIST BREEDERS AND CONSERVATIONISTS

TRUMPETERS

JOHN HERRING

BORDER CONTROLS & INTERNET TRADING

IS 20 SUE TH 3 20 J 0 O 16 UN UT E

GUIDELINES FOR NOVICE FANCIERS PART TWO

FR EE

AMBASSADORS OF THE RAINFOREST IN WELTVOGELPARK WALSRODE

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CONTENTS

BIRD SCENE: MAY / JUNE 2016

CONTENTS DONATE TO OUR CONSERVATION FUND… CLICK THE LINK BELOW: www.theparrotsocietyuk.org/donations.php

22 32

36 40

TRUMPETERS – AMBASSADORS OF THE RAINFOREST IN WELTVOGELPARK WALSRODE Weltvogelpark Walsrode

ON THE COVER

BIRD

BORDER CONTROLS & INTERNET TRADING By Alan K Jones and Les Rance

ISSUE TWENTY NINE: MAY / JUNE 2016

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THE MAGAZINE FOR HOBBYIST BREEDERS AND CONSERVATIONISTS

SECURITY MARKING By John Hayward STAFFORD SUMMER SHOW

TRUMPETERS

AMBASSADORS OF THE RAINFOREST IN WELTVOGELPARK WALSRODE

GUIDELINES FOR NOVICE FANCIERS PART TWO JOHN HERRING

BORDER CONTROLS & INTERNET TRADING

PSUK 50TH ANNIVERSARY SEMINAR

IS 20 SUE TH 30 20 JU O 16 N UT E

GUIDELINES FOR NOVICE FANCIERS By John Herring

BIRD SCENE: Issue Twenty Nine: May / June 2016 BIRD SCENE is run by The Parrot Society UK, 92A High Street, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, HP4 2BL, England. FOR SALES AND EDITORIAL ENQUIRES Telephone or Fax: 01442 872245 Website: www.theparrotsocietyuk.org E-Mail: les.rance@theparrotsocietyuk.org

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INTRODUCT

Les Rance, Editor, The Parrot Society UK | www.theparrotsocietyuk.org | les.rance@

016 is the 50th Anniversary of The Parrot Society and to mark this wonderful achievement we are holding a seminar at Chester Zoo over the weekend of 17th and 18th September with speakers from around the world talking about parrot conservation issues and their experiences, a weekend not to be missed, fuller details appear on pages 14 to 19. Bird keeping is a relaxing past time, however, for hobbyist breeders that keep their birds in unheated aviaries through the poor weather experienced this spring it can also be a worrying time. Those who keep their stock in breeding rooms where they can easily turn up the heating however are in a far more satisfactory position. In this edition of Bird Scene we are very pleased to have an excellent article from John Herring a very experienced Gloster canary breeder and an article from Germany on Trumpeters, happy reading. This is now the twenty nineth edition of Bird Scene, how quickly nearly five years can pass when you are working

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on project – the first FREE on-line bird magazine produced in the UK. At 48 pages this is quite a big read! Every time we post the Parrot Society magazine I cringe at the cost. Postal costs appear to have increased far faster than inflation and if The Royal Mail are not careful they will find that their income will reduce even further as people and businesses send less and less by conventional means. These costs obviously affect bird clubs when the show schedules have to be posted to potential exhibitors and equally it affects the exhibitors when they return their entries. In addition how much longer will bird clubs be able to afford to post magazines to their members? This must be a great worry to many club officials. Fortunately with an e-magazine we do not have this problem, or for that matter the cost of colour printing. As a result of increases to the costs of both postage and printing I am really pleased that we decided to produce Bird Scene as a FREE e-magazine. We have learnt a great deal over the past five years about this way of communicating with

TION

BY THE EDITOR

LES RANCE

@theparrotsocietyuk.org bird enthusiasts and I am sure that this knowledge will become more and more valuable as we see further increases in costs to paper magazines. We are always happy to receive articles about the species that are being exhibited at The National and are very pleased to give publicity to the club supplying the information. Regular readers will know that Bird Scene as been produced to publicise The National Exhibition held each year at our October Sale Day/Show which will be held on Sunday 9th October and to promote our Conservation efforts for threatened parrots in the wild. An archive of earlier editions of Bird Scene can be found on the Home Page of our website

www.theparrotsocietyuk.org so if you would like to see earlier versions please do log on to our site.

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JOHN HERRING

GUIDELINES F NOVICE FANCI T

his article is a follow up to my first article “Guidelines for Beginners” in which I tried to explain, to a newcomer, some of the jargon used within bird keeping. The aim of this article is to provide answers to questions that novices often ask and in fact to identify what questions to ask – often of themselves. I have no intention of trying to influence the reader into keeping any

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particular type of bird; as a novice I kept Border, Gloster and Coloured canaries for 2 years until I opted to specialise with Glosters, on the advice of Nick Barrett, who said I had an eye for them. Visit shows, have a look around and see what is available; we are fortunate in this country, whatever you decide there will be a club, society or association that caters for that speciality – but don’t be

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FOR IERS PART

TWO The New National Cage and Aviary Exhibition, held at the Stafford County Showground in October each year is an ideal opportunity to check out most varieties of birds with 17 specialist clubs holding their annual show under the auspices of the Parrot Society.

too hasty to join a Specialist society. I will return to this under the topic of status. The New National Cage and Aviary Exhibition, held at the Stafford County Showground in October each year is an ideal opportunity to check out most varieties of birds with 17 specialist clubs holding their annual show under the auspices of the Parrot Society. Officials from these clubs will be very willing to provide details of their “Fancy”. In addition most Cage Bird Societies hold an annual show, so it should be easy a show near you; go along, have a look – and ask some questions. So why my comment regarding not joining

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a club? To be blunt it all depend on:a) What are your aims and ambitions. b) The type of club, because NOVICE STATUS is dependant on the date you join a Specialist Society, not a Cage Bird Society. I started with canaries in 1981, with very little success, until I joined the local Cage Bird Society in Stafford, and learnt my stock management from my good friend Peter Finn, who specialises in Coloured canaries. As a lad, in the fifties, I had shown Fancy rabbits all over the country and was very successful; I then joined the Royal Air Force and left after 23 years service. As a civilian I soon realised I needed “an interest” outside

FEATURE work and when in 1981 I stumbled on Gloster canaries I couldn’t believe what I saw – a bird with a crest. Amazing! I thought “just a few birds” in the garden, great! How many fanciers could tell a similar tale, quite a few. Breed a few birds, gain a few friends and then the question is “are they any good?” So much for a few birds in the garden- before you know you are hooked. As the name suggests a Specialist society caters for one variety and on joining, if over the age of 16, you will become a Novice Exhibitor, able to exhibit in competition against other novice exhibitors for 5 years, after 5 years you will automatically become a Champion Exhibitor, competing against fanciers who may have 30 plus years behind them. I had joined the IGBA (International Gloster Breeders Association) in 1981 so my “novice clock” was running. In those days the novice period for Gloster fanciers was 5 years; as it still is for most other varieties, however a

few years ago the novice period for Glosters was extended to 7 years; the competition in Glosters is very strong so novices have been given 2 extra years to prepare to compete against established Champions. I often compare keeping a stud of birds to managing a football team- the move from Novice to Champion is like joining the Premiership! This is where my comment regarding aims and ambitions become relevant and each fancier can only answer these questions for themselves:a) Why do I want to keep birds? b) Do I want to exhibit my birds? c) Would I like to judge in the future? d) What level of commitment and contribution am I prepared to make? e) And finally How Much TIME, SPACE and MONEY do I have available? The answers to these questions will vary from person to person

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and will no doubt change as time passes, however, in my own experience these points are relevant: The most valuable item we have is TIME. We rarely gain it, it is easily lost. When I retired I was advised by a good friend “beware time wasters”; also as we age jobs take longer to complete and there are always activities that will claim us away from our birds. Be honest with yourself in this respect, like a dog, birds

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aren’t just for Christmas so ask yourselfam I in this for the long haul? And if the answer is not a definite yes then go back to your football. That may sound harsh but is well intentioned advice. SPACE is very much up to the individual’s situation; I have seen some fantastic birdrooms, air-conditioned, fully automatic etc and I have seen some wonderful birds bred in a coalhouse, most fanciers keep more birds than is good for

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I have deliberately kept MONEY to last because IF you are in for the long haul Money is probably the least important. By all means obtain some quality stock and provide the best housing for them within your means- but get to know what to look for and don’t be in too much hurry to spend.

so extra space is always useful. The one common denominator they all need is SECURITY! I have deliberately kept MONEY to last because IF you are in for the long haul Money is probably the least important. By all means obtain some quality stock and provide the best housing for them within your means- but get to know what to look for and don’t be in too much hurry to spend.

I will conclude with some thoughts on commitment, contribution and judging. I find the old saying “the more you put in the more you get out” is very true. Whilst still a novice I had my first experience as a show secretary working for the oldest All Gloster club the Gloster Fancy Canary Club and then served as show secretary for the IGBA and for the last 20+ years with the GFSS Gloster Fancy Specialist Society.

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Having joined the IGBA in 1981 I became a Champion in 1986 and was eligible to become a judge in 1991.I trained myself to be a Gloster judge by stewarding under as many established Gloster judges as I could and by listening and learning – and asking questions. It is a great privilege to judge fancier’s birds and I always remind myself how many hours it has taken to have the bird presented on the show bench I give a number of bird related talks around the Midlands on subjects that include:- sex linked inheritance; the history of the canary, preparing for the breeding/ or show season and mistakes I have made! I always start with the comment: There are no daft questions-

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only daft answers. So ask away. All of these activities can be most satisfying so why not give it a try, I doubt you will be disappointed. When I came into the fancy most fanciers kept information close to their chest, I am pleased to say that I think in recent years people have come to realise that we all need to pull together within the Fancy (there are enough folk outside trying to knock it back) and as a result fanciers have become more helpful. Long may it continue. John Herring GFSS show sec/treasurer. GFCC UK council member Tel: 01785 215208 email: john@jherring8.orangehome.co.uk

SALE DAYS IN 2016 SUMMER SHOW: SUNDAY 3rd JULY 2016 NATIONAL EXHIBITION: SUNDAY 9th OCTOBER 2016 ‘HELP BIRD KEEPERS SHOW’: SUNDAY 4th DECEMBER 2016

ALL P.S. MEMBERS ENTER OUR SHOWS EARLY. ALL SHOWS IN 2013 WILL BE HELD AT STAFFORD COUNTY SHOWGROUND ST18 0BD

PARROT SOCIETY

THIS IS JUST A NOTI FICATION OF DATE S PLEASE DO NOT BO OK UNTIL YOU SEE FU LL DETAILS IN THE MAG AZINE All our shows are he ld at Staffordshire County Showground, Westo n Road, Stafford ST 18 0BD.

ALL MEMBERS ENTER OUR SHOWS EARLY S

D ENTRY WRISTBAND

WITH PRE-PURCHASE

PSUK 50th anniv

17/18 September 20 g

r SEE cietyuk.o tso o r r pa

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versary seminar

016 / Chester Zoo

The Parrot Society UK is celebrating its 50th anniversary with a seminar entitled ‘Bird Conservation Around the World’, to be held at Chester Zoological Gardens, Upton-by-Chester, over the weekend of 17th and 18th September 2016.

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PSUK 50th anniversary seminar 17/18 September 2016 / Chester Zoo

he weekend will include a session of fascinating presentations by a range of internationally recognized speakers on Saturday 17th, to be held in the recently refurbished and comfortable lecture theatre at the Zoo. The session will be opened by PS Chairman Alan Jones, and compered by expert bird artist Eric Peake. Eric has also kindly donated a signed print of St Vincent’s Amazons for a raffle prize.

A video will be shown of one of the Society’s long-term conservation projects – the tinning of trees to protect cockatoos’ nest sites, initiated by Ray Ackroyd and long-term PS Council member the late John Mollindinia. The final programme of speakers is –

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• Mark Stafford (USA) from Parrots International – ‘What’s so special about parrots that makes them worth conserving?’ • Chester Zoo – a history of avian conservation by Chester Zoo • David Woolcock (UK) from Paradise Park, Cornwall – ‘Parrot Conservation – global issues, local solutions – we all have a part to play’ • Rosemary Low (UK) – ‘In situ conservation & research, A worldwide overview’. • Julia Heckmann (Germany) – from University of Giessen, ‘Aspects of avian bornavirus (PDD) for parrot lovers’. (Research part-funded by the PSUK) • Tony Pittman (UK) – ‘The Spix’s macaw, from its last sightings in the wild to captive breeding programmes’. • Steve Brookes (UK) – ‘Conservation in action – Lear’s macaws & Grey-breasted parakeets in Brazil’ (Both PSUK-funded projects) • Barbara Heidenreich (USA) – ‘The Kakapo Recovery Programme’

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PSUK 50th anniversary seminar 17/18 September 2016 / Chester Zoo

Barbara Heidenreich is also a world-renowned tutor on behavioural problems of many animals, including parrots. She has offered to present one of her fascinating workshops on the Sunday morning, if there is sufficient interest. This three-hour session will still allow time to visit the Zoo afterwards, and the last time Barbara held such a workshop in the UK several years ago, the fee was £80. We are offering the opportunity to attend this unique event at just £60 a head Sunday will leave delegates free to explore the magnificent facilities of Chester Zoo, with experienced keepers on hand to answer PS delegates’ questions and show them the best exhibits. Entry to the Zoo will be at a specially reduced rate to weekend registered delegates.

SEE org . k u y t e i c o s rrot www.thepa Registration for this seminar, thanks to generous support by the Parrot Society UK and commercial sponsorship, has been kept at the extremely low level of our last seminar at the Zoo in 2003 – being just £20 per person for the Saturday seminar only, or £35 per person for the two-day event. This fee will include morning and afternoon refreshments and a light lunch on Saturday. There will be several trade stands and displays alongside the lecture theatre. There is a range of accommodation in the area, for those wishing to make a full weekend of it, from Friday night until Sunday night, or longer. Such accommodation is for individuals to arrange for themselves, and plenty is available on the internet, some with special offers on costs, including Travelodge, Premier Inn, Holiday Inn, Best Western etc.

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Parrot Behavior Problem Solving Workshop RED UC FRO ED £80 M to

£60 A

re you struggling with parrot behavior problems? Does your parrot scream for attention? Does your parrot present aggressive behavior? Are you challenged by problems related to reproductive hormones? Can’t seem to make a connection with a parrot who doesn’t trust you? Then join us for an informative session of Force Free Animal Training (FFAT). FFAT is the term Barbara Heidenreich uses to describe her style of animal training. Force free means the use of coercion and aversives to get desired behavior

are not an option. Instead Barbara focuses on using positive reinforcement, empowering animals to choose to participate and building a relationship based on trust. This results in a well behaved, interactive and entertaining companion parrot. With video examples of parrots voluntarily participating in physical exams, intramuscular injections and blood draws without restraint, participants will be inspired by the power of positive reinforcement training. You can expect an informative, inspiring and fun workshop.

Barbara Heidenreich – Animal Training and Behavior Consultant Barbara is an animal training and behavior consultant specializing in avian, exotics and zoo animal training. She lectures and consults worldwide working with zoos, universities, veterinary professionals, pet owners and conservation projects. She is an adjunct clinical instructor at Texas A & M University. She has produced seven DVDs, authored two books and guest edited and contributed to two veterinary text books. Barbara regularly lectures to the veterinary community and much of her work focuses on training exotic species to cooperate in medical care. Barbara is a former president of the International

Association of Avian Trainers and Educators and served on the Board of Directors from 1997-2009. Her degree is in Zoology from UC Davis. Barbara is thrilled to have had the opportunity to train thousands of animals, from rabbits to rhinos. She is passionate about teaching excellent practical application training skills. Her goal is to leave behind a legacy of kindness to animals by sharing her expertise. For more information please visit www.BarbarasFFAT.com and www.GoodBirdInc.com and www.AnimalTrainingFundamentals.com

FEATURE There is a range of accommodation in the area, for those wishing to make a full weekend of it, from Friday night until Sunday night, or longer. Such accommodation is for individuals to arrange for themselves, and plenty is available on the internet, some with special offers on costs, but suggested venues are: Premier Inn 76 Liverpool Road, Chester, Cheshire CH2 1AU 20-24 City Road CH1 3AE www.premierinn.com/Chester Brookside Hotel Brook Lane CH2 2AN 01244 381943 www.brookside.hotel.co.uk

The Ormonde Guest House 126 Brook Street CH1 3DU 01244 381943 www.theormonde.co.uk

The Dene 95 Hoole Road CH2 3ND 01244 321165 www.thedenehotel.com

The Pied Bull 57 Northgate Street CH1 2HQ 01244 325829 www.piedbull.co.uk

Best Western Hotel City Road CH1 3AH 0844 387 6225 www.bestwestern.co.uk/chester

These are all on the north-east side of the city, for easy access to the Zoo. We will continue to publish further details as and when we get them, but put the date in your diary now if you haven’t done so already, for what promises to be a great educational and social experience.

Form: Name: Address: Postcode: Please reserve me places at the Conference on the Saturday and the visit around Chester zoo on the Sunday at £35 each. Please reserve me at £20 each.

places at the Conference on the Saturday

Please reserve me places at Barbara Heidenreich’s Parrot Behaviour Problem Solving Workshop on Sunday morning 18th September at £60.00 per person. My cheque payable to The Parrot Society for £

is attached

Please send to our office. The Parrot Society, 92A High Street, Berkhamsted, Herts HP4 2BL BIRD SCENE 19

PARROT SOCI SUMMER SHO Sunday 3rd July 2016

ALL P.S. Members enter our Shows EARLY provided they buy their e bands in advance.

Again this year we will accept bookings from non-members selling Budgerigars, Finches and Common Seedeaters, tables for these bir reserved by 24th June. Should you wish to sell your own bred Softb Seedeaters you need to book by 26th May as special arrangements for these birds.

Tables are £15.00 each, two entry wrist bands can be purchased pe bands are £6.00 each in advance. On the door entrance tickets will MEMBERS & NON MEMBERS TABLES – TRADE STANDS

Bar and Restaurant facilities, everything for the Hobbyist & Breeder

Staffordshire County Showgrou Sunday 3rd July 2016

from 7.30 am for table holders and P.S. me non-members. Subscription to the P.S. for includes 12 magazines and early entry into

01442 87

Full details are available from our office tel: The Parrot Society, 92A High Street, Berkhamsted, Herts HP4 Office hours 9.00 am to 3.00 pm weekdays.

IETY OW

entry wrist

Canaries, rds must be bills or Rare s are being made

er table, wrist be £7 each.

und ST18 0BD

embers and 9.30 for 2016 is £22.00 and o all our shows.

72245.

4 2BL.

ALL P.S. Me enter o mbers ur Show s EARLY provide d they bu tickets y their in adva nce’

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WELTVOGELPARK WALSRODE

TRUMPETERS – AMBASSADORS OF THE RAINFOREST IN WELTVOGELPARK WALSRODE

t is an unforgettable and unique experience to walk through the rainforest! Everywhere - as far as the eye can see - it is green. Foliage of 40 meter high trees build a closed canopy, through which only little sunlight passes towards the ground. Despite the shadow, 30°C temperature and a humidity of almost 90% cause an unbearable sticky heat. Amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals raise a real jungle concert of penetrating, exotic sounds. Here is where pure life is vibrant! The rainforest is the most diverse and fascinating habitat of the world. It reaches around the equator, but the biggest of all rainforests is the Amazonas in South America. Especially at dusk and dawn very special, vibrating sounds melt into the

loud jungle-concert: Oh-oh-oh-ohooooooh. These are the deep, trumpetlike sounds of birds called trumpeters, with which they mark their territory. The sounds are produced with closed bill in the air sacs of the respiratory system, similar to a pressure system. The sound resembles the one produced by blowing into an empty bottle (Sick 1993). Trumpeters spend the night sheltered on trees. In the morning they leave their sleeping places and flutter from the branches of the trees down to the shaded ground. With their short, rounded wings they are anything else but good acrobats of the air! During daytime, when no danger is threatening them, trumpeters prefer to stay on the ground. Here they walk in groups of 3-15 individuals elegant

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and graceful through their territory. The territory can reach sizes of up to 88 ha. Such a large territory is necessary to find sufficient fruits, seeds and insects. One bird group is organized in a strict hierarchy and leaded by the most experienced individual. Lower-ranking birds act submissive towards higherranking birds: They spread their wings, duck down and produce loud, high pitched and tweeting sounds. A surprising behavior that resembles the one of young chicks. The high-ranking bird acknowledge its dominance by repetitively snapping its wings upwards. If lower-ranking birds can reach a higher rank in another group, it may certainly happen that they leave

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their own group. Often young birds transfer when reaching their maturity at an age of one to two years. This happens mostly during territorial fights. Trumpeters defend their territory very aggressive to secure its large size, which is needed to provide enough food for all of the group members. During territorial fights, the task of females and juveniles is to call as loud and impressing as possible. Meanwhile, males fight against and chase away the individuals of the foreign group. At the same time lowranking birds then take the chance to join the rivals. For males this is in general much easier than for the females: The new group easily accepts the males,

FEATURE because they are useful for territorial fights. Furthermore, trumpeters live in polyandry: Only the highest ranked female mates with several males. All group members however, incubate the eggs and help rear the chicks. In the animal kingdom this strategy is very rare. During the mating period several males compete for the attention of the highest ranked female. Spectacular courtship dances take place: The birds display their plumage and perform impressive capers. In general the female copulates with a specific male more frequently the higher its rank within the group. Afterwards, the breeding nesthole is chosen very carefully. It is located sheltered, approximately 10-15 meters above the ground within tree trunks. Here, 2-4 eggs are laid in a two

day interval and subsequently incubated for a maximum of 29 days. Already one day after hatching the cute chicks leave their nest and walk around together with the group. With their reddishbrown downy plumage they strongly resemble young crane chicks. The similar appearance reflects the close systematic relationship with cranes. Three weeks long all group members lovingly care for the juveniles, feed and protect them from e.g. snakes or ocelots. The social behavior of trumpeters is not only reflected by the joint rearing of the juveniles, but also by their tender, mutual plumage care. Plumage care is enjoyed by single individuals even with closed eyes. Trumpeters were also already observed during joint playing, bathing and sunbathing.

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Their incredibly fascinating social way of life even enable Amazonas’ indigenous people to keep trumpeters as pets. They take eggs from nests and let them incubate by hens in their villages. Trumpeters then accept the human people as their own group and are extremely tame. They even show the same submissive behavior towards humans, which can be observed in the wild. Often trumpeters are kept as “guard dogs”, for example together with domestic fowls. By imminent danger, caused by foreign persons or dangerous animals, they warn with loud shrilling and penetrating calls. As “sheepdogs” they keep whole animal herds together, e.g. by chasing escaped animals back to their herd. They even take over the job as a “nanny” by 26

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protecting native children while playing. Trumpeters are not classified as endangered, however their population is decreasing. The main reason is habitat loss caused by continuous deforestation. Trumpeters are also hunted due to their delicious meat. In a very tricky way, many hunters imitate the territorial calls of the birds, which enable them to locate and catch several bird groups at the same time. Worldwide three different trumpeter bird species exist: The grey-winged trumpeter (Psophia crepitans), the white-winged trumpeter (Psophia leucoptera) and the green-winged trumpeter (Psophia viridis). All three species exist only in the Amazonas. The grey-winged trumpeter is widespread among the northern part of

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the Amazonas, the white-winged trumpeter among the southwestern part and the green-winged trumpeter among the southeastern part of the Amazonas. The Weltvogelpark Walsrode keeps two of the three species: The grey-winged trumpeter and the white-winged trumpeter. In the big rainforest hall of the Weltvogelpark Walsrode visitors get an insight into the fascinating world of trumpeters. At authentic tropical climate with a humidity of ~85% they get the chance to watch the social behavior and listen to the fascinating calls of trumpeters. Last year the Weltvogelpark Walsrode achieved a very special breeding success: 22 juvenile grey-winged trumpeters first saw the light of the world in Walsrode.

Most important groundwork of such a magnificent breeding success is of course a harmonic breeding pair. The pair combination, but also the subsequent rearing of juveniles, requires a great instinctive feeling and was, under the supervision of Andreas Frei and Jan Dams, veterinary and biologist of Weltvogelpark Walsrode, perfectly mastered by the hand rearing-team. It was one male trumpeter, which already fertilized in the previous year, at a young age of only 10 month, the first clutch, who ensured that also the following year numerous eggs were fertilized. The clutches contained 4-5 eggs each. They were exchanged by artificial eggs and incubated in a forced air incubator. The artificial eggs were unfortunately not incubated till hatching BIRD SCENE

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To feed the juveniles a porridge of defrosted day-old chicks in addition to T20 toucan pellets (from the company Versele Laga) is used. From the third or fourth day onwards, when the juveniles start to feed independently from the dish, also banana is fed, which is extremely popular among trumpeters. In the following days, further fruits, like e.g. mango and papaya is added. time, so eggs could not be put back under the incubating parents as originally planned. Nevertheless, a very high hatch rate could be reached, due to the meticulous weight check and respective humidity adjustment within the incubator. Hatched chicks have a weight of ~40g. 30-40 cm high boxes, in which the chicks are placed separately, prevent that the fast developing precocial birds jump out. To make sure that the chicks have an optimal surface the hand rearing-team stuffed the boxes with cardboard and firmly pressed wood shavings. Ceramic dark radiators provide the necessary warmth. From the first day, the young chicks are socialized with an equally young domestic fowl chick. On the one hand this little companion shall prevent that young trumpeters imprint on humans and on the other hand trumpeters learn from them like little kids from their older siblings: They carefully watch how the chickens peck at the ground and by imitating their behavior they learn much faster to ingest their food independently. Important for the socialization is that the domestic fowl chick and the trumpeter chick have approximately the same age. If

the domestic fowl chick is too old it can be recognized as a competitor resulting in conflicts between the two unequal “siblings”. The experienced hand rearing-team invested a lot of time and affection in rearing the juveniles. From the second day on they were fed 6-7 times per day, every 2-3 hours. To feed the juveniles a porridge of defrosted day-old chicks in addition to T20 toucan pellets (from the company Versele Laga) is used. From the third or fourth day onwards, when the juveniles start to feed independently from the dish, also banana is fed, which is extremely popular among trumpeters. In the following days, further fruits, like e.g. mango and papaya is added. After three weeks juveniles get a little bit of insect food (from the company Versele Laga) and a so called “fruit pigeon fruit mix”, which is prepared by Weltvogelpark Walsrode and contains chopped apple, blueberries, papaya, boiled carrots, potatoes and beetroot. From the fourth and fifth week onwards, oat flakes, grain feed, soaked hornbill pellets (H16 from the company Versele Laga), as well as few white mealworms are fed. After three

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months, trumpeters are assembled in groups. The consolidation only works if all birds are placed in one new aviary at the same time. A later socialization with further individuals does not work, because trumpeters see their aviary as their territory and defend it aggressively against new individuals. Currently the 22 juveniles of Weltvogelpark Walsrode are socialized in three different groups. In two years at the latest, the Weltvogelpark team is looking forward to further offspring from their in 2015 hatched fosterlings. Aim of this year is to realize the successful natural rearing by the parents. Literature: Del Hoyo, J. Elliot, A. and Sargatal, J. (1996): Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3, Hoatzin to Auks, Lynx Edicions, Barcelona Grummt, W., Strehlow, H. (2014): Vögel Zootierhaltung, Verlag Europa-Lehrmittel, Edition Harri Deutsch, Freiburg Jahn, T., Braun, E., Hoffrichter, O., Calatin-Kraus, A., Lange, H., Neub, M. (1975): Brehms neue Tierenzyklopädie, Band 7: Vögel 3, Verlag Herder KG, Freiburg im Breisgau Sick, H. (1993): Birds in Brazil – A Natural History, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey

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Pyrrhura Parakeets (Conures)

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BORDER CONTROL INTERNET TRADIN BY: ALAN K JONES CHAIRMAN, LES RANCE SECRETARY

he European Union and its borders are currently very much a political hot potato. Whatever your viewpoint on the subject, free travel across Europe has undoubtedly become much easier and less restricted in the last decade or so. Unfortunately, that increased freedom has allowed those who choose to abuse the system much more ability to smuggle goods and livestock, whether they be

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people, drugs, alcohol, tobacco or birds. Since the ban on the importation of wild-caught birds into Europe in 2005, following the Avian Influenza pandemic, the trade in captive birds across Europe should be restricted to captive-bred individuals (except for small numbers under special licence, for zoological collections). It is a sad fact that this rule is being flouted, with wild-caught birds

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LS & NG still being brought into Europe, and then ‘legitimised’ by being rung, or with new paperwork issued, and then traded freely throughout the sub-continent. Most end up in western European countries, where higher prices are commanded. The lack of border controls – or the inability of officers to recognise traded species – has allowed such activities to proliferate unchecked.

At the same time we have seen a massive rise in on-line trading via the Internet, which also is uncontrolled and very difficult to police. Buyers have little or no comeback if birds purchased in this way are not what they are claimed to be;

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are illegitimately obtained; or fall sick and die. The PSUK Chairman attended a meeting of the Companion Animal Sector Council (CASC) at DEFRA headquarters last November, representing parrot-keepers amongst of group covering small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish and other exotic species. The conclusions from that meeting have just been presented to HM Government, via DEFRA, and they make interesting reading. The wheels of government and legislation grind exceedingly slowly, and what with the EU referendum taking up most of its current attention, do not

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expect these ideas to become law in the immediate future! We are probably looking at some few years down the line, but it is something for which we should be prepared. The section relevant to bird keeping is as follows Existing animal welfare and licensing legislation is largely out of date and also fragmented. Recent phenomena such as free movement of animals across Europe and the rapid rise in Internet trading also require addressing. It is proposed that a new ‘across the board’ registration scheme be applied to all animal concerns, whether that be importers, wholesalers, boarding establishments, pet shops, riding stables, hunt kennels, grooming parlours, zoos, rescue centres and sanctuaries, or breeders. The latter two categories are clearly of significance to bird keepers. These enterprises will all be termed Animal Establishments (AE). If the establishment were judged as a business using HMRC badges of trade, then it would require registration (AER). Hobby breeders or rescue centres would therefore require registration. A scale – probably based on numbers or financial considerations – would then be used to decide whether or not this business was purely a hobby enterprise, or was a profit-making concern. (There is obviously considerable room for misjudgment or complications here!). Such concerns would need to be licensed (AEL).

FEATURE Either way, a registration number would be issued, and a registration number would be required in all transactions of registrable animals. This will enable the purchaser to check the credentials of the seller, and would include Internet sales, thereby assisting against the many fraudulent sales that take place via this medium. Since The Parrot Society UK has opened up its shows to include Exhibition Birds and a wider range of avian species, there is a strong possibility that increasing numbers of soft-billed birds and rare seedeaters may appear on our sale tables. Are all such birds genuine surplus UK bred hobbyist stock, or could they perhaps have arrived by illegal routes mentioned above? To pre-empt any such possible deception, the PS Council has agreed that in future hobbyist breeders wishing to sell such birds need to inform the Society within one month of the date of the show which species they intend to bring to the sale so that these birds can be staged in a dedicated area. This will allow Trading Standards and other experienced law enforcement agencies easy access to these tables. Hobbyist breeders would need to certify that their birds had been in their possession for at least 6 months prior to the show. Amended booking paperwork will be created to ensure that

all sellers are aware of these new rules. There will be no change to the booking paper work for members selling parrot species, canaries or domesticated common seedeaters such as Australian finches. The trustees of the Parrot Society UK take very seriously their responsibilities to the welfare of all birds at their shows, as well as any legal implications involved in running such events. We hope that the above comments confirm that we are aware of any possible risks involved at our shows, and that we have taken the right steps to preempt such a situation.

DONATE TO OUR CONSERVATION FUND… CLICK THE LINK BELOW: http://www.theparrotsocietyuk.org/donations.php

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SECURITY REPORT

SECURITY WARNING • SECURITY WARNING • SECURITY WARNING •

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SECURITY MARKING – POST CODING VIA UV PENS – ANOTHER PSUK INITIATIVE John Hayward, National Theft Register, Tel: 01869 325699 Email: jh@ntr.supanet.com

et again we have no parrot thefts to report since the beginning of the year and in fact the last known incident happened in December 2015 when a Macaw was stolen in Derbyshire. This is the quietist period we can remember especially during the darker months of the year. We can only hope that with our never ending advice for care and vigilance combined with beefed-up security, that the thieves are being deterred and are targeting other property to turn into ready cash. We do know however that the main problem concerning bird theft in general has been the on-going series of burglaries where smaller species such as Canaries have been taken. The most recent which fits into this on-going pattern is a recent break-in at aviaries in Ilkeston, Derbyshire when a whole collection of top exhibition birds were stolen. In any event with this downturn in parrot thefts, we know

the thieves are still out there so we must remain on our guard. In the meantime, it is worth considering our general security, especially in ensuring that all of our bird-keeping equipment is positively identifiable. We regularly recommend that all animals, parrots in particular should be ringed or chipped but it goes further than that. On many occasions when the thieves break in, they transport the birds away in cages or other containers found at the scene and it is these items which need to be identifiable to assist in criminal investigations. This situation was experienced some few years ago when a Police Officer called us to report that they had just executed a search warrant at the home of a suspected receiver of stolen property in East Anglia where they found various items of equipment, computers, motor cycles and an Amazon parrot in a cage. The bird still had its PSUK closed ring and we were

• SECURITY WARNING • SECURITY WARNING • SECURITY WARNING

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able to locate the owner who was the victim of a burglary and was duly re-united with her pet. The main point of this story is that the alleged receiver had no other birds but there were upwards of a dozen empty cages and pet carriers in his shed. None of these were identifiable. If they had been, no doubt many more crimes would have been detected and more charges re theft and handling stolen property

would have been put towards the offender. The advice therefore is to mark all property such as cages and containers stored in the vicinity of the birds via UV pens giving details of one’s postcode should they ever be stolen and recovered. This is yet another move towards the security of our birds and property and together with the opportunity to gather evidence to assist in Police operations, we hope to further reduce the incidence of such criminality.

SECURITY REPORT UPDATE > SECURITY REPORT UPDATE

n the night of 16th. March 2016 a break-in was committed at private aviaries in the area of West Kent. It appears to have been connected with the owners having advertised a parrot chick for sale on an animal website and giving details of their location to the callers. By reference to it being a chick, it gave the impression of having parents at least at the address. This attempted

theft was deterred by the dog at the premises and nothing fortunately was stolen. Once again we repeat that the thieves are still out there and be advised that the common method of locating birds is as the result of cold callers gaining such information from the advertisers of birds for sale.

SECURITY WARNING • SECURITY WARNING • SECURITY WARNING

NT E V E T A E magazine ne GR S I H T S IS M T ’ N O D Presented by

Sponsored by

Everything for your Parrot

2016

SHOW 19th JUNE Kempton Park Racecourse Staines Road East, Sunbury-on-Thames, Middx TW16 5AQ Sunday 19th June 2016 - show open 10am to 5pm

GREAT EXHIBITION Massive range of goods and services all under one roof. Meet other like-minded parrot enthusiasts. FREE MASTERCLASSES Listen and learn to the country’s parrot experts 11am - 12pm Alan Jones MRCVS Common ailments and what to look for

1pm - 2pm Tony Pittman

The Blue Macaws of South America

3pm - 4pm David Woolcock - World Parrot Trust Practical ways to enrich the life of your pet parrot

MINI MASTERCLASSES by David Woolcock Duration approximately 20 mins. Limited to 20 places to be booked on a first come first served basis 12.15pm Problems with biting 2.15pm Problems with screaming

10 minutes from M25 Full catering facilities Mainline Rail ser vice FREE hard standing car park Full disabled facilities available

ADVANCE BOOKING

Show and Masterclass tickets on sale at www.thinkparrots.co.uk or call 01273 464777 Book your early bird tickets at £9 (£10 on the day) to guarantee your Masterclass place(s)

For further information see www.thinkparrots.co.uk Email: show@thinkparrots.co.uk Or call 01273 464777

STAFFOR Sunday 3rd July at Stafford County Showground ST18 0BD, all members will be allowed entry into the halls at 7.30am whether they have book tables or just want to buy birds. There is a limit of two wrist bands per membership they are £6.00 each.

he information on page 7 is very relevant to the running of this show. If you are considering the sale of non parrot species please study the list of birds in the box below as we require details of any such birds before 26th May. Parrot species, Australian Finches, Budgerigars, aviary species of Doves, Quail and Fancy Pigeons can be sold as in previous years. This is the 11th time that we have held a show at Stafford in the summer and we are looking forward to returning to this venue which serves us so well and is an ideal location for this event. Table hire will cost £9.00 each; with a limit of two tables per membership and two entry

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wristbands at £6.00 each per table to allow you to set up your birds before the show opens. You will be allowed entry to the Hall from 7.30am and you must have your birds staged by 9.15am to allow for inspection and when disabled people will be allowed to enter. The Show will open to the public at 9.30am. So one table and two entry wristbands will cost £21.00. Please enclose a Stamped Addressed Envelope with your letter of application. This letter must include the following statement “I agree to the conditions on pages 8-13 of our magazine” and the letter must be signed. Alternatively you can book via the P.S.UK Shop on our website. If you have parrots in all wire cages please tell us; we will ensure that your

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table is in mid row, so that visitors cannot surround your parrot. Clean cages that must be painted both inside and out at the prescribed Parrot Society size, see page 11. Any tables not to a high standard will be removed and members not allowed to book tables for at least two years. PS Officials will attach your name and your table number to the front edge of each table. The room next to the Gents toilets has been set aside as a Holding Room to look after birds purchased during the Show. Please inform your buyers of this valuable facility so that birds are not carried around the hall for long periods before being taken to their new home.

Members who have to travel on Saturday will be able to use the Holding Room until 7.00pm. When staged there must not be more than TWO birds in each cage. Parakeets and Conures should not be in all wire cages. CARE SHEETS SHOULD BE SUPPLIED WITH ALL BIRDS SOLD. Strictly no birds of prey or fowl and no other animals. Confirmation of your booking will be dispatched promptly providing it complies with the conditions set out. Only second hand bird related articles can be sold, no new wooden products. Trade Reservation Applications to sell dry goods have already been dispatched.

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The following is not a complete list of the birds that you need to tell us about before 26th May for our July Show but at least it gives you a good idea of the birds that need to be declared if you intend to offer these or similar birds for sale so that they can be placed on tables where Staffordshire Trading Standards and other experienced law enforcement agencies can easily access the sales tables. Your declaration needs to state that “I certify that the birds I intend to sell have been in my possession for at least 6 months prior to the show. Name: Signature: Address:

Postocde:

Date

Paradise Whydahs. Lavender Waxbills Strawberry Finches. Red-eared Waxbills. Silverbills. St Helena Waxbills. Cape Doves. Orange-cheeked Waxbills. Golden –breasted Waxbills. Red Bishops. Black-headed Weavers Red-headed Weavers. Napoleon Weavers. Yellow-backed Weavers. Melba Finches. Combassou Finches. Black & White Manikins. Pintailed Whydah. Copper Sunbirds. Barbets. Broad-billed Rollers. African Zosterops. All Hummingbirds. Orange Cock of the Rocks. Tangara cyanoptera (Black headed Tanager) Tangara nigroviridis (Beryl spangled Tanagers) Tangara cayana (Burnish Buff Tanagers) Pipra erythtocrphala (Golden headed Manakin) Cyanerpes (Sugarbirds) Dacnis cayanna (Blue Dacnis) Tangara girola (Bay headed Tanagers) Tangara arthus (Black-eared Golden Tanager) Tangara gutata (Spotted Tanager) Rampocelus sanguinolentus (Crimson-collared Tanager) Dacnis lineata (Black faced Dacnis) Tangara cyanicolis (Blue-necked Tanagers) Pipra lanceolata (Lance-tailed Manakin) Tangra heinei (Black capped Tanager) Eucometis penicillata (Grey headed Tanagers) Parosria gularis (Black-eared Cardinal) Tangara de montañas (Mountain Tanagers). Golden Song Sparrows. Yellow Bishops. Red-billed Quelea. Cutthroats. Magpie Mannikins. Icterus parisorum (Scotts Oriole). Spinus Feurtesi (Fuertes’s Oriole). Piranga Ludovencia (Western Tanager). Cyanocorax yncas (Green Jay). Myadestes unicolor (Slate-coloured Solitaire). Garralux monileger (Lesser necklaced Laughing Thrush). Sturnes cineraceus. (White-cheeked Starling). Porpyrio alleni (Allen’s Gallinule). Garralux leucolophus. (White-crested Laughing Thrush). Buphagus erythrorhynchus (Red-billed Oxpecker). Lamprotornis regius (Royal Starling). Laterrallus leucopyrrhus. (Red-and White Crake). Heterophasia auricularis (White-eared Sibia). Garralux cineraceus (Moustached Laughing Thrush). Acridotheres fuscus (Jungle Myna). Acridotheres cristatellus (Crested Myna). Trenon Waalia (Bruce’s Green Pigeon). Agelaius Thilius (Yellow-winged Blackbird). Turdes Cardis (Japanese Thrush). Xantocephalus Xantocephalus (Yellow-headed Blackbird). Bleda canicapillus. (Greyheaded Bristlebill). Laniarius barbarous (Yellow-crowned gonolek). Hypergerus atriceps (Oriole Warbler). Turati Boubou (Turati’s Boubou). Magpie Mannikins. Pekin Robins. Bank Mynahs. Common Mynahs. Coal Tits. Scottish crested Tits. Red and yellow Barbets. Pagoda Starlings. White-cheeked Bulbuls. Chestnut Sparrows. Cuban Bullfinch (Melopyrrha nigra). Indigo Buntings (passerina cyanea) Painted Buntings (passerina ciris). Blue Grosbeaks (passerina caerulea). Long-tailed Tits. Blue Tits. Great Tits. Willow Tits. Alethes. Woodpeckers, Toucans and Hornbills.

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SHOW

PARROT SOCIETY UK CAGE SIZES CAGE SIZE PS 1 PS 2 PS 3 PS 4 PS 5 PS 6 PS 7 Macaw Aviary

LENGTH 36 cms 46 cms 46 cms 53 cms 69 cms 79 cms 82 cms 6 feet

HEIGHT 31 cms 38 cms 46 cms 53 cms 69 cms 79 cms 86 cms 6 feet

WIDTH 17 cms 25 cms 31 cms 31 cms 51 cms 60 cms 66 cms 4 feet

PS 1 size is a Budgie, Lovebird cage. PS 2 size is Cockatiel cage.

CAGE PS 1 PS 2 PS 3 PS 4 PS 5 PS 6 PS 7 Macaw Aviary

SPECIES Grass Parakeets, L/Birds, Lorikeets Cockatiels, Conures, small Lory’s Lory’s, Small Amazons & Cockatoos, GMR African Greys, Pennants, B/F Amazons Imperial Amazons, Umbrella Cockatoos Derbyan, Alexandrine Red-fronted and small Macaws Scarlet, Blue & Gold, Green-winged Macaws

SIZE OF BIRD 10 --- 21 cms 22 --- 29 cms 30 --- 33 cms 34 --- 45 cms 46 --- 48 cms 50 --- 58 cms 59 --- 64 cms over 64 cms

N.B.: 2.5 cms = 1 inch To select size of cage find out length of bird including tail, published in “Parrots of the World” and most other publications and compare with above figures. These sizes allow for two birds per cage. It is in the interest of the birds and The Parrot Society’s reputation that members adhere to the correct size whether showing or selling.

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STAFFORD PARROT SOCIETY SHOW CONDITIONS FOR THE SALE OF MEMBERS’ BIRDS 1. Birds shall at all times be kept in accommodation that is adequate in construction, size, amenities and positioning in the premises. 2. Where birds are kept in cages, hutches, boxes or other receptacles which are placed on top of other cages, hutches, boxes or other receptacles, effective means should be provided for preventing water, food or other droppings falling onto or contaminating the Birds food or other surroundings which are underneath. 3. Birds shall be adequately supplied with suitable food and drink and shall be visited at suitable intervals. All accommodation shall be cleaned daily or as often as necessary. 4. No bird shall be displayed in a cage, hutch, box or other receptacle in such a position that it be interfered with by other Birds or unauthorised persons. 5. Birds shall not be handed to customers in unsuitable containers. 6. Birds and stock shall not be placed or kept in or outside the premises so as to obstruct entrance to or exit from the premises in the case of fire or other emergency. 7. No bird which is suffering from or could

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reasonably be suspected of having come into contact with any other animal suffering from, any infectious or contagious disease or which is infested with parasites shall be brought into or kept on the premises unless effectively isolated. 8. Persons selling birds not as part of a business shall display their name and table number clearly on the table they are trading from. 9. All bird food shall be stored in suitable covered metal or other impervious closed containers so that the quality of the food can be preserved. These containers should be of such design as to allow easy cleaning. 10. Authorised representatives of DEFRA and the local authority shall be given immediate access to all birds and relevant documentation upon request. If such access is denied, the licensee, exhibitor, trader and/ or owner must withdraw the relevant birds from display or sale with immediate effect. 11. Birds should not be sold to children believed to be under the age of 12 years. 12. All birds shall be housed at least 0.61 metres (2 feet) above ground level. Except for ground dwelling birds which must be housed in such conditions so as not to cause unnecessary stress or suffering.

SHOW

13. No smoking shall be permitted in the premises. 14. Birds shall only be sold in the building. 15. All parakeets should not be shown in all wire cages. 16. No more than two birds per cage. 17. Inform the organisers if you intend to show Parrots in all wire cages. 18. Care sheets should be provided for all birds.

19. A schedule of all birds brought to the show must be completed and details of purchasers must be included, also any birds you buy at the show. This schedule must be handed in to the PSUK stand when you leave the Show. Failure to comply with this condition will mean that you will not be able to book tables for 2 years. 20. I am a hobbyist and abide by the DEFRA definition of a hobbyist.

ADVANCED ENTRY TICKETS FOR P.S. MEMBERS 3rd JULY SUMMER SHOW Entry wrist bands can now be purchased for entry at 7.30 am they are £6.00 each and there is a limit of two per subscription. To enter at 7.30 am you need to buy your tickets in advance. They will not be available on the door. Non Members

You can obtain tickets from the office by post or you can buy them with a debit or credit card from our website www. theparrotsocietyuk.org just click on the PSUK Shop.

Members

IMPORTANT Your letter requesting a table(s) should clearly show your name and address and be signed. It must also include the following statement: I agree to the conditions on pages 8 to 13 of our magazine.

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£ WANTED FOR CASH £ £ £ £ £ £ ££ £ £ £ £ ££ £ £

ALL TYPES OF PARROTS, COCKATOOS, MACAWS AND PARAKEETS

£ £ £ £

££££ £ £££ £

ALSO BUDGIES, CANARIES, FINCHES, COCKATIELS LOVEBIRDS, SOFTBILLS, GMR’S, TOUCANS & MYNAH BIRDS ALSO ANY TYPES OF EXOTICS, MONKEYS ETC PLEASE CALL RON ON 0161 273 5447. IF EX DIRECTORY DIAL 1470 FIRST.

£ ££ £ £ £ £ £ £ £

££ £ £

WE ARE HERE

£ 38 :PARROT SOCIETY MAGAZINE 44

MANCHESTER PETS AND AQUATICS, 66 STOCKPORT ROAD, ARDWICK, MANCHESTER M12 6AL

£ £ £ £

£ ££ £

4 :PARROT SOCIETY MAGAZINE

1 Red – Fronted Kakariki. 2015 bright yellow, Cocks and Hens can provide unrelated pairs. Ready to breed £30.00 each. 01444 482867. Sussex 2 WANTED Silly soppy HR chick Amazon Cock, pet life only, would consider rehoming one with history help & backup. Prefer from south east 01903 752557 or gmikki@btinternet.com 3 Military Macaw birds. bred June 2006 £850. Tel: Most parrot-like 07795 278676 Yorkshire Good prices paid in cash. Parakeets, 4 WANTED pair African u/r parent reared Eclectus Conures, Cockatoos, Greys, Cockatiels. young or adult, for breeding. Eric 01953 605494 Also Exhibition quality Budgerigars and Canaries. or 07950 369507 Delivery appreciated or we can collect. 5 6 sectional aviaries 20ft long 8ft H 5&6ft W, Weavers Towcester Road, Whittlebury, heavyCoving, duty wire, ideal for Cockatoo & Macaws Northants, NN12 8TD steel angle frame bolted together buyer to T: +44 (0) 1327 857594 / M: 0770 2277 246 (Guy) dismatle, nearest offers Cornwall 01579 362159 M: 0796 2099 830 (Lee) / F: +44 (0) 1327 858965 6 Black Headed Caiques , I have two DNA sexed E: info@skybirds.co.uk / W: www.skybirds.co.uk

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LOW SUNFLOWER FOR AFRICAN GREYS

A blend of 24 ingredients specially for the smaller beaked Parrots. Composition: 5% white sunflower, safflower, oats, red dari, white dari, hemp, buckwheat, wheat, paddy rice, pumpkin seed, flaked peas, flaked maize, puffed maize, puffed wheat, papaya, banana, pineapple, apricot, coconut, brazil nut kernels, walnut halves, peanuts, pine nuts, chillies. Monkey nuts are not included as many owners prefer it this way. Suitable for African Greys, Amazons, Jardines, Caiques, Senegals, Pionus, large and small Macaws and Cockatoos. This blend was developed, tested and re-tested in mixed aviary collections to make sure that it was just right for the species of birds for which it was intended.

THE FINEST BIRD FOOD CONTACT: JOHNSTON & JEFF LTD., BALTIC BUILDINGS, GATEWAY BUSINESS PARK, GILBERDYKE,EAST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE HU15 2TD T: 01430 449444 www.johnstonandjeff.co.uk mail@johnstonandjeff.co.uk Johnston & Jeff foods are only sold through retailers. Please contact us if you need information on your nearest stockists, our mail order partners, and for information and feeding guides. We reserve the right to add to the composition of our blends if we find a better grade or wish to enhance the menu. Please check our web site for up-to-date details.