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CORROSIVE MATERIALS. Pool chemicals, fertilizers, cleaning chemicals, oxidizing cleaning materials, salt, de-icing chemicals, other corrosive or oxidizing materials, pesticides, and such other materials which may cause injury to people or damage to the building, air handling equipment, electrical equipment, safety equipment, or firesuppression equipment, whether by direct contact or by contact via fumes or vapors, whether in original form or in a foreseeably likely decomposition, pyrolysis, or polymerization form. Refer to labels and SDS forms.
CRACK. Any and all breaks in the structural shell of a pool vessel or deck.
CROSS-CONNECTION. A connection or arrangement, physical or otherwise, between a potable water supply system and a plumbing fixture, tank, receptor, equipment, or device, through which it may be possible for non-potable, used, unclean, polluted and contaminated water, or other substances to enter into a part of such potable water system under any condition.
CT INACTIVATION VALUE. A representation of the concentration of the disinfectant (C) multiplied by time in minutes (T) needed for inactivation of a particular contaminant. The concentration and time are inversely proportional; therefore, the higher the concentration of the disinfectant, the shorter the contact time required for inactivation. The CT Value can vary with pH or temperature change, so these values must also be supplied to allow comparison between values.
DECK. An area immediately adjacent to or attached to a pool or spa that is specifically constructed or installed for sitting, standing, or walking. Decks include dry decks and perimeter decks.
DRY DECK. All pedestrian surface areas within the aquatic venue enclosure not subject to frequent splashing or constant wet foot traffic. The dry deck is not perimeter deck or pool deck, which connect the pool to adjacent amenities, entrances, and exits.
Landscape areas are not included in this definition.
PERIMETER DECK. The hardscape surface area immediately adjacent to and within 4 feet (1.2 m) of the edge of the swimming pool; also known as the “wet deck” area.
DEEP AREA. Water depth areas equal to 5 feet (1.5 m) or greater.
DESIGN PROFESSIONAL. An individual who is registered or licensed to practice his or her respective design profession as defined by the statutory requirements of the professional registration or
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licensing laws of the state or jurisdiction in which the project is to be constructed.
DESIGN RATE OF FLOW. The rate of flow used for design calculations in a system.
DESIGN WATERLINE. The centerline of the skimmer or other point as defined by the designer of the pool or spa.
DIAPER CHANGING STATION. A hygiene station that includes a diaper changing unit; hand washing sink, soap, and dispenser; a means for drying hands; trash receptacle; and disinfectant products to clean after use. “Diaper Changing Unit” means a diaper changing surface that is part of a diaper changing station.
DISINFECTION. A treatment that kills or irreversibly inactivates microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, and parasites); in water treatment, a chemical (commonly chlorine, chloramine, or ozone) or physical process (e.g., ultraviolet radiation) can be used.
DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT (DBP). A chemical compound formed by the reaction of a disinfectant (e.g. chlorine) with a precursor (e.g. natural organic matter, nitrogenous waste from bathers) in a water system (pool, water supply).
DIVING AREA. The area of a swimming pool that is designed for diving.
DIVING BOARD. A flexible board secured at one end that is used for diving such as a spring board or a jump board.
DIVING PLATFORM A stationary platform designed for diving.
DIVING POOL. See POOL.
DIVING STAND. Any supporting device for a springboard, jump board or diving board.
DRAIN COVER. See SUCTION OUTLET FITTING ASSEMBLY (SOFA).
DROP SLIDE. See SLIDE.
DRY DECK. See DECK.
EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN (EAP). A plan that identifies the objectives that need to be met for a specific type of emergency, who will respond, what each person’s role will be during the response. and what equipment is required as part of the response.
ENCLOSURE. An uninterrupted constructed feature or obstacle used to surround and secure an area that is intended to deter or effectively prevent unpermitted, uncontrolled, and unfettered access. It is designed to resist climbing and to prevent passage through it and under it. Enclosure can apply to aquatic facilities or aquatic venues.
EPA-REGISTERED PRODUCT. A product bearing the EPA stamp, indicating that it meets EPA standards for efficacy, human health and safety, environmental impact, use instructions, and product labeling. All products that claim to kill or control bacteria, algae, etc., are required to be registered.
EQUIPMENT ROOM OR AREA. (Also known as a pump room or mechanical room.) A space intended for the operation of pool pumps, filters, heaters, and controllers. This space is not intended for the storage of hazardous pool chemicals.
EXERCISE SPA. (Also known as a swim spa.) Variants of a spa in which the design and construction includes specific features and equipment to produce a water flow intended to allow recreational physical activity including, but not limited to, swimming in place. Exercise spas can include peripheral jetted seats intended for water therapy, heater, circulation and filtration system, or can be a separate, distinct portion of a combination spa/exercise spa and can have separate controls. These spas are of a design and size such that they
have an unobstructed volume of water large enough to allow the 99th percentile male, as specified in ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017 American National Standard for Suction Outlet Fitting Assemblies (SOFA) for Use in Pools, Spas, and Hot Tubs, to swim or exercise in place.
EXIT GATE. An emergency exit, which is a gate or door allowing free exit at all times.
EXPANSION JOINT. A watertight joint provided in a pool vessel used to relieve flexural stresses due to movement caused by thermal expansion/contraction.
FILTER. A device that removes undissolved particles from water by recirculating the water through a porous substance such as filter medium or elements.
FILTRATION. The process of removing undissolved particles from water by recirculating the water through a porous substance such as filter medium or elements.
FLAT WATER. An aquatic venue in which the water line is static except for movement made by users. Diving spargers do not void the flat water definition.
FLUME. A trough-like or tubular structure, generally recognized as a water slide, that directs the path of travel and the rate of descent by the rider.
FOOT BATHS. Standing water in which bathers or aquatics staff rinse their feet.
GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER (GFCI). A device intended for the protection of people and/or equipment that functions to de-energize an electrical circuit within an established period of time when current to ground exceeds some pre-determined value [5/1000th of an ampere (0.005)].
GUTTER. Overflow trough in the perimeter wall of a pool that is a component of the circulation system or flows to waste.
HAND WASH STATION. A location which has a hand wash sink, adjacent soap with dispenser, hand drying device or paper towels and dispenser, and trash receptacle.
HOT WATER. An aquatic venue with water temperature over 90°F (30°C).
HYGIENE FACILITY. A structure or part of a structure that contains toilet, shower, diaper changing unit, hand wash station, and dressing capabilities serving bathers and patrons at an aquatic facility.
HYGIENE FIXTURES. All components necessary for hygiene facilities including plumbing fixtures, diaper changing stations, hand wash stations, trashcans, soap dispensers, paper towel dispensers or hand dryers, and toilet paper dispensers.
HYPERCHLORINATION. The intentional and specific raising of chlorine levels for a prolonged period of time to inactivate pathogens or following a fecal or vomit release in an aquatic venue.
IMMINENT HEALTH HAZARD. A significant threat or danger to health that is considered to exist when there is evidence sufficient to show that a product, practice, circumstance, or event creates a situation that requires immediate correction or cessation of operation to prevent injury based on the number of potential injuries and the nature, severity, and duration of the anticipated injury or illness.
INCREASED RISK AQUATIC VENUE. An aquatic venue which has an increased risk of microbial contamination due to its primary users being children under the age of 5 and/or people more susceptible to infection, such as therapy patients with open wounds. Examples of increased risk aquatic venues include spray pads, wading pools,
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therapy pools, and other aquatic venues designed primarily for children under the age of 5.
INDOOR AQUATIC FACILITY. A physical place that contains one or more aquatic venues and the surrounding bather and spectator/ stadium seating areas within a structure that meets the definition of “Building” per the 2021 International Building Code (IBC). It does not include equipment, chemical storage, or bather hygiene rooms or any other rooms with a direct opening to the aquatic facility. Otherwise known as a natatorium.
INLET. See RETURN INLET.
INTERACTIVE WATER PLAY FEATURES. Any indoor or outdoor structure designed to allow for public recreational activities with recirculated, filtered, and treated water that includes sprayed, jetted, or other water sources contacting bathers and not incorporating standing or captured water as part of the bather activity area. These installations are also known as splash pads, spray pads, and wet decks.
INTERIOR SPACE. A substantially enclosed space having a roof and having a wall or walls which might reduce the free flow of outdoor air. Ventilation openings, fans, blowers, windows, doors, etc., shall not be construed as allowing free flow of outdoor air.
ISLAND. A structure inside a pool where the perimeter is completely surrounded by the pool water, and the top is above the surface of the pool.
LABEL. An identification applied on a product by the manufacturer that contains the name of the manufacturer, the function and performance characteristics of the product or material, and the name and identification of an approved agency, and that indicates that the representative sample of the product or material has been tested and evaluated by an approved agency.
LABELED. Equipment, materials, or products to which has been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, approved agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above-labeled items, and whose labeling indicates either that the equipment, material, or product meets identified standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.
LADDER. A structure for ingress and egress that usually consists of two long parallel side pieces joined at intervals by crosspieces such as treads.
LANDING POOL. See POOL.
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (LSI). A number expressing the degree of saturation of water as related to calcium carbonate solubility and used to predict whether or not water has a tendency to precipitate or dissolve calcium carbonate. Balanced water does not tend to either precipitate or dissolve calcium carbonate. Low LSI values may also indicate that the water is corrosive to metals or other components of a pool/spa. Five factors are used in the computation: pH, total alkalinity, calcium hardness, temperature, and TDS. Also referred to as SATURATION INDEX.
LAZY RIVER. See AQUATIC VENUE.
LIFEGUARD SUPERVISOR. An individual responsible for the oversight of lifeguard performance and emergency response at an aquatic facility. A qualified lifeguard supervisor is an individual who has successfully completed a lifeguard supervisor training course and holds an unexpired certificate for such training, and who has met the
pre-service and continuing in-service requirements of the aquatic facility according to this standard.
LISTED. Equipment, materials, products, or services included in a list published by an organization acceptable to the code official and concerned with evaluation of products or services that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services and whose listing states either that the equipment, material, product. or service meets identified standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.
MAIN DRAIN. See SUCTION OUTLET FITTING ASSEMBLY (SOFA).
MANUALLY MODULATED CHEMICAL SYSTEM. A system of chemical introduction into aquatic venue water using dedicated equipment, and under the direct control of the operator without the use of an electronic control system.
MG/L. Milligrams per liter; the equivalent metric measure to parts per million (ppm).
MODIFICATION. Any act which changes or alters the original characteristics of the pool as approved. For example, changes in the recirculation systems, decking, treatment systems, disinfection systems, and pool shape are modifications.
MONITOR. The regular and purposeful observation and checking of systems or facilities and recording of data, including system alerts, excursions from acceptable ranges, and other facility issues. Monitoring includes human or electronic means.
MOVEABLE FLOORS. A pool floor whose depth varies through the use of controls.
NO DIVING MARKER. A sign with the words “No Diving” and the universal international symbol for “No Diving,” pictured as an image of a diver with a red circle with a slash through it.
OOCYST. The thick-walled, environmentally resistant structure released in the feces of infected animals that serves to transfer the infectious stages of sporozoan parasites (e.g., Cryptosporidium) to new hosts.
OVERFLOW GUTTER. The gutter around the top perimeter of the pool or spa, which is used to skim the surface.
OWNER. Any person, agent, operator, entity, firm, or corporation having any legal or equitable interest in the property, or recorded in the official records of the state, county or municipality, as holding an interest or title to the property; or otherwise having possession or control of the property, including the guardian of the estate of any such person, and the executor or administrator of the estate of such person if ordered to take possession of real property by a court.
OXIDATION. The process of changing the chemical structure of water contaminants by either increasing the number of oxygen atoms or reducing the number of electrons of the contaminant or other chemical reaction, which allows the contaminant to be more readily removed from the water or made more soluble in the water. It is the “chemical cleaning” of pool water. Oxidation can be achieved by common disinfectants (e.g., chlorine, bromine); secondary disinfection/sanitation systems (e.g., ozone); and oxidizers (e.g., potassium monopersulfate).
OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL (ORP). A measure of the oxidation-reduction potential of chemicals in water. It is generally measured in millivolts by means of an electronic meter, and depends upon the types and concentrations of oxidizing and reducing chemicals in the water.
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PATRON. A bather, other person or occupant at an aquatic facility who may or may not have contact with aquatic venue water, either through partial or total immersion. Patrons may not have contact with aquatic venue water, but could still be exposed to potential contamination from the aquatic facility air, surfaces, or aerosols.
PENINSULA/WING WALL. A structural projection into a pool intended to provide separation within the body of water.
PERIMETER DECK. See DECK.
PERIMETER GUTTER SYSTEM. The alternative to skimmers as a method to remove water from the pool’s surface for treatment. The gutter provides a level structure along the pool perimeter versus intermittent skimmers.
PERMIT. An official document or certificate issued by the authority having jurisdiction that authorizes performance of a specified activity.
PLUMBING FIXTURE. A receptacle, fixture, or device that is connected to a water supply system or discharges to a drainage system or both, and may be used for the distribution and use of water (e.g., toilets, urinals, showers, and hose bibs). Such receptacles, fixtures, or devices require a supply of water or discharge liquid waste or liquid-borne solid waste, or require a supply of water and discharge waste to a drainage system.
pH. A value used to express acidity of a substance. Expressed as a number on a scale of 0 to 14, with 7.0 being neutral; values less than 7.0 are acidic and values greater than 7.0 are basic.
POOL. A body of water contained in a reservoir used for recreational purposes. See PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL.
ACTIVITY POOL. Any pool designed primarily for play activity that uses constructed features and devices including lily pad walks, flotation devices, small slide features, and similar attractions.
DIVING POOL. A pool used exclusively for diving.
LANDING POOL. Pool that is located at the end of a flume that is designed to safely receive the rider of an attraction.
SKIMMER POOL. A pool using a skimmer system.
THERAPY POOL. A pool used exclusively for aquatic therapy, physical therapy, and/or rehabilitation to treat an injury, illness, or other medical condition.
WADING POOL. A separate pool designed for use by young (small) children with an independent circulation system and a maximum water depth of 18 inches (457 mm).
WAVE POOL. Any pool designed to simulate breaking or cyclic waves for purposes of general play.
POOL DECK. See DECK.
POOL SLIDE. See SLIDE.
PRIMARY DISINFECTION SYSTEM. Required disinfection processes or systems using an EPA-registered sanitizer approved for use in pools, hot tubs, and/or spas that are capable of retaining a residual concentration of the sanitizer in the water at all times and in all areas.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS. Water systems including community water systems, non-transient/non-community water systems, or transient non-community water systems with exceptions as noted by AHJ and EPA.
PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL (PUBLIC POOL). A pool, other than a residential pool, that is intended to be used for swimming or bathing, and is operated by an owner, lessee, operator, licensee, or
concessionaire, regardless of whether a fee is charged for use. Public pools shall be further classified and defined as follows:
CLASS A COMPETITION POOL. A pool intended for use for accredited competitive aquatic events such as Fédération Internationale De Natation (FINA), USA Swimming, USA Diving, USA Synchronized Swimming, USA Water Polo, National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), or the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS).
CLASS B PUBLIC POOL. A pool intended for public recreational use that is not identified in the other classifications of public pools.
Class C SEMI-PUBLIC POOL. A pool operated solely for and in conjunction with lodgings such as hotels, motels, apartments, or condominiums.
CLASS D-1 WAVE ACTION POOL. A pool designed to simulate breaking or cyclic waves for purposes of general play or surfing.
CLASS D-2 ACTIVITY POOL. A pool designed for casual water play ranging from simple splashing activity to the use of attractions placed in the pool for recreation.
CLASS D-3 CATCH POOL. A body of water located at the termination of a manufactured waterslide attraction. The body of water is provided for the purpose of terminating the slide action and providing a means for exit to a deck or walkway area.
CLASS D-4 LEISURE RIVER. A manufactured stream of water of near-constant depth in which the water is moved by pumps or other means of propulsion to provide a river-like flow that transports bathers over a defined path that may include water features and play devices.
CLASS D-5 VORTEX POOL. A circular pool equipped with a method of transporting water in the pool for the purpose of propelling riders at speeds dictated by the velocity of the moving stream of water.
CLASS D-6 INTERACTIVE PLAY ATTRACTION. A manufactured water play device or a combination of water-based play devices in which water flow volumes, pressures, or patterns can be varied by the bather without negatively influencing the hydraulic conditions for other connected devices. These attractions incorporate devices or activities such as slides, climbing and crawling structures, visual effects, user-actuated mechanical devices, and other elements of bather-driven and bather-controlled play.
CLASS E. Pools used for instruction, play, or therapy and with temperatures above 86°F (30°C).
CLASS F. Class F pools are wading pools.
Public pools are either a diving or nondiving type. Diving types of public pools are classified into types as an indication of the suitability of a pool for use with diving equipment.
TYPE O. A nondiving public pool.
TYPES VI–IX. Public pools suitable for the installation of diving equipment by type.
PURGE. To introduce a large volume of outdoor air to flush the interior space.
QUALIFIED LIFEGUARD. An individual who has successfully completed an AHJ-recognized lifeguard training course offered by an AHJ-recognized training agency, holds a current certificate for such training, has met the pre-service requirements, and is participating in continuing in-service training requirements of the aquatic facility.
QUALIFIED OPERATOR. An individual responsible for the operation and maintenance of the water and air quality systems and the
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associated infrastructure of the aquatic facility, who has successfully completed an AHJ-recognized operator training course to operate an aquatic facility offered by an AHJ-recognized training agency and holds a current certificate for such training.
READY ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be directly reached, without requiring the removal or movement of any panel or similar obstruction. See ACCESS (TO).
RECESSED STEPS. A way of ingress/egress for a pool similar to a ladder but the individual treads are recessed into the pool wall.
RECESSED TREADS. A series of vertically spaced cavities in a pool or spa wall creating tread areas for step holes.
RECIRCULATION SYSTEM. The combination of the main drain, gutter or skimmer, inlets, piping, pumps, controls, surge tank or balance tank to provide pool water recirculation to and from the pool and the treatment systems. See CIRCULATION SYSTEM.
REDUCTION EQUIVALENT DOSE (RED) BIAS. A variable used in UV system validation to account for differences in UV sensitivity between the UV system challenge microbe (e.g., MS2 virus) and the actual microbe to be inactivated (e.g., Cryptosporidium).
RE-ENTRAINMENT. A situation where the exhaust(s) from a ventilated source such as an indoor aquatic facility is located too close to the air handling system intake(s), which allows the exhausted air to be recaptured by the air handling system, so it is transported directly back into the aquatic facility.
REMODEL. To install cosmetic changes, accessory add-ons, alterations, or modernizations to an existing installation.
RENOVATE. To restore or repair all or part of a structure and/or its component parts, including the rebuilding and/or replacing of worn or broken parts. See REMODEL.
REPAIR. The reconstruction or renewal of any part of a pool or spa for the purpose of its maintenance or to correct damage.
RESPONSIBLE SUPERVISOR. An on-site individual who is responsible for water treatment operations when a “qualified operator” is not on-site at an aquatic facility.
RETURN INLET. The aperture or fitting through which the water, under positive pressure, returns into a pool.
RING BUOY. A ring-shaped floating buoy capable of supporting a user, usually attached to a throwing line.
RINSE SHOWER. See SHOWER.
ROPE AND FLOAT LINE. A continuous line not less than 1/4 inch (6 mm) in diameter that is supported by buoys and attached to opposite sides of a pool to separate the deep and shallow ends.
RUNOUT. A continuation of water slide flume surface where riders are intended to decelerate and come to a stop.
SAFETY (as it relates to construction items). A design standard intended to prevent inadvertent or hazardous operation or use (e.g., a passive engineering strategy).
SAFETY COVER. A structure, fabric, or assembly, along with attendant appurtenances and anchoring mechanisms, that is temporarily placed or installed over an entire pool, spa, or hot tub and secured in place after all bathers are absent from the water.
SAFETY PLAN. A written document that has procedures, requirements, and/or standards related to safety which the aquatic facility staff shall follow. These plans include training, emergency response, and operations procedures.
SAFETY TEAM. Any employee of the aquatic facility with job responsibilities related to the aquatic facility’s emergency action plan.
SANITIZE. Reducing the level of microbes to that considered safe by public health standards. This may be achieved through a variety of chemical or physical means including chemical treatment, physical cleaning, or drying.
SATURATION INDEX. See LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (LSI).
SECCHI DISC. A water clarity disc that may be used by some health departments or others to determine if pool water is within an acceptable clarity for use
SECONDARY DISINFECTION SYSTEM. Disinfection processes or systems installed in addition to the required primary disinfection systems. Secondary disinfection systems are required for increased risk aquatic venues.
SHALL. The term, where used in a code or standard, is construed as mandatory.
SHALLOW AREAS. Portions of a pool or spa with water depths of less than 5 feet (1.5 m).
SHARPS. Any device or object used to puncture or lacerate the skin. SHOWER. A device that sprays water on the body.
CLEANSING SHOWER. A shower located within a hygiene facility using warm water and soap. The purpose of these showers is to remove contaminants including perianal fecal material, sweat, skin cells, personal care products, and dirt before bathers enter the aquatic venue.
RINSE SHOWER. A shower typically located in the pool deck area with ambient temperature water. The main purpose is to remove dirt, sand, or organic material prior to entering the aquatic venue to reduce the introduction of contaminants and the formation of disinfection by-products.
SKIMMER. A device installed in the pool or spa that permits the removal of floating debris and surface water to the filter.
SKIMMER POOL. See POOL.
SKIMMER SYSTEM. Periodic locations along the top of the pool wall for removal of water from the pool’s surface for treatment.
SLIDE. An aquatic feature where users slide down from an elevated height into water.
DROP SLIDE. A slide that drops bathers into the water from a height above the water versus delivering the bather to the water entry point.
POOL SLIDE. An attraction having a configuration as defined in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Ch. II, Part 1207, or is similar in construction to a playground slide used to allow users to slide from an elevated height to a pool.
WATERSLIDE. A slide that runs into a landing pool or runout through a fabricated channel with flowing water.
SLIP RESISTANT. A surface that has been treated or constructed to significantly reduce the chance of a user slipping. The surface shall not be an abrasion hazard.
SLOPE BREAK. Occurs at the point where the slope of the pool floor changes to a greater slope.
SPA. A product intended for the immersion of persons in temperature-controlled water circulated in a closed system, and not intended to be drained and filled with each use. A spa usually includes a filter, an electric, solar or gas heater, a pump or pumps, and a control, and can include other equipment, such as lights, blowers, and water-sanitizing equipment.
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NON-SELF-CONTAINED SPA. A factory-built spa in which the water heating and circulating equipment is not an integral part of the product. Non-self-contained spas may employ separate components such as an individual filter, pump, heater, and controls, or they can employ assembled combinations of various components.
PERMANENT RESIDENTIAL SPA. A spa, intended for use, that is accessory to a residential setting and available to the household and its guests, and where the water heating and water-circulating equipment is not an integral part of the product. The spa is intended as a permanent plumbing fixture and not intended to be moved.
PORTABLE RESIDENTIAL SPA. A spa, intended for use, that is accessory to a residential setting and available to the household and its guests, and is either self-contained or non-self-contained.
PUBLIC SPA. A spa other than a permanent residential spa or portable residential spa that is intended to be used for bathing and is operated by an owner, licensee, or concessionaire, regardless of whether a fee is charged for use.
SELF-CONTAINED SPA. A factory-built spa in which all control, water heating, and water-circulating equipment is an integral part of the product. Self-contained spas may be permanently wired or cord connected.
NON-SELF-CONTAINED SPA. A factory-built spa in which the water heating and circulating equipment is not an integral part of the product. Non-self-contained spas may employ separate components such as an individual filter, pump, heater, and controls, or they can employ assembled combinations of various components.
SPECIAL USE AQUATIC VENUE. See AQUATIC VENUE.
SPRAY POOL. A pool or basin occupied by construction features that spray water in various arrays for the purpose of wetting the persons playing in the spray streams.
STANDARD. Voluntary consensus guidelines which specify minimum requirements that industry experts consider necessary and appropriate, for utilization by manufacturers, installers, service professionals, and users. When adopted by federal, state, or local jurisdictions as law, they become mandatory,
THIS STANDARD. The mandatory requirements of this document. STORAGE. The condition of remaining in one space for one hour or more. Materials in a closed pipe or tube awaiting transfer to another location shall not be considered to be stored.
STRUCTURAL CRACK. A break or split in the pool surface that weakens the structural integrity of the vessel.
SUBMERGED VACUUM FITTING. A fitting intended to provide a point of connection for suction side automatic swimming pool, spa, and hot tub cleaners.
SUBSTANTIAL ALTERATION. The alteration, modification, or renovation of an indoor or outdoor aquatic venue or facility where the total cost of the work exceeds 50% of the replacement cost of the venue or facility.
SUCTION OUTLET. A submerged fitting, fitting assembly, cover/ grate, and related components that provide a localized low-pressure area for the transfer of water from a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub. Submerged suction outlets have been referred to as main drains.
SUCTION OUTLET FITTING ASSEMBLY (SOFA). All components, including the cover/grate, used to attach a cover/grate(s) to the finished surface of a pool and to an individual suction system.
SUPERCHLORINATION. The practice of adding a sufficient amount of a chlorinating compound to reduce cloudy water, slime formation, musty odors, algae and bacteria counts, and/or improve the ability to maintain sanitizer residuals.
SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SYSTEMS. Systems or processes which are not required on an aquatic venue for health and safety reasons, but may be used to improve water quality and/or enhance overall system performance.
SURFACE SKIMMING SYSTEM. A device or system installed in the pool or spa that permits the removal of floating debris and surface water to the filter.
SURGE TANK. A storage vessel within the pool recirculating system used to contain the water displaced by bathers.
SWIMOUT. An underwater seat area that is placed completely outside of the perimeter shape of the pool. When located at the deep end, swimouts are permitted to be used as the deep-end means of entry or exit to the pool.
10/20 RULE (30-SECOND BENCHMARK). When qualified lifeguards are required, a pool or aquatic facility shall provide trained lifeguards to be stationed in a manner that will permit them to identify a bather in distress within 10 seconds and to reach the bather in distress within an additional 20 seconds, to respond to an incident or trauma within 30 seconds of its initiation.
THEORETICAL PEAK OCCUPANCY. The anticipated peak number of bathers in an aquatic venue or the anticipated peak number of occupants of the decks of an aquatic facility. This is the lower limit of peak occupancy to be used for design purposes for determining services that support occupants. Theoretical peak occupancy is used to determine the number of showers. For aquatic venues, the theoretical peak occupancy is calculated around the type of water use or space:
AGITATED WATER. An aquatic venue with mechanical means (aquatic features) to discharge, spray, or move the water’s surface above and/or below the static water line of the aquatic venue. Where there is no static water line, movement shall be considered above the deck plane.
FLAT WATER. An aquatic venue in which the water line is static except for movement made by users. Diving spargers do not void the flat water definition.
HOT WATER. An aquatic venue with a water temperature over 90°F (32°C).
STADIUM SEATING. An area of high-occupancy seating provided above the pool level for observation.
THERAPY POOL See POOL.
TOE LEDGE. See UNDERWATER LEDGE.
TUBE RIDE. A gravity flow attraction found at a waterpark designed to convey riders on an inner-tube-like device through a series of chutes, channels, flumes or pools.
TURNOVER RATE. The period of time (usually in hours) required to circulate a volume of water equal to the pool or spa capacity.
UNDERWATER BENCH. An underwater seat that can be recessed into the pool wall or placed completely inside the perimeter shape of the pool.
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UNDERWATER LEDGE. A narrow shelf projecting from the side of a vertical structure whose dimensions are defined in the appropriate standard.
VANISHING EDGE. Water feature detail in which water flows over the edge of not fewer than one of the pool walls and is collected in a catch basin. Also known as negative edge.
VENTILATION. The intentional introduction of outdoor air into a space in conjunction with the extraction of existing air. Ventilation is mainly used to control indoor air quality by diluting and displacing indoor pollutants.
VENTURI INLET. A device mounted in a water line that causes restriction of flow. A restriction with sufficient differential to create low pressure within can be used to draw a gas or liquid into the device or inlet.
WADING POOL. See POOL.
WATER DISPENSER. A free-standing unit that dispenses potable water. It is commonly located near the restroom due to closer access to plumbing. A drain line is also provided from the water cooler into the sewer system. It may have one or two spigots that provide cold (or chilled) water or hot water. There are several types of bottle-type water dispensers: those that provide room temperature water that is neither chilled nor heated; those that provide cold water; and those that provide cold water and hot water.
WATERLINE. See DESIGN WATERLINE.
WATERSLIDE. See SLIDE.
WATER REPLENISHMENT SYSTEM. A way to remove water from the pool as needed and replace with make-up water in order to maintain water quality.
WAVE POOL CAISSON. A large chamber used in wave generation. This chamber houses pulsing water and air surges in the wave generation process and is not meant for human occupancy.
WATER QUALITY TESTING DEVICE (WQTD). A product designed to measure the level of a parameter in water. A WQTD includes a device or method to provide a visual indication of a parameter level and may include one or more reagents and accessory items.
WAVE POOLS. See POOL.
WING WALL / PENINSULA. See PENINSULA/WING WALL.
ZERO ENTRY. See BEACH ENTRY.
4 OPERATING PERMITS
4.1 OWNER RESPONSIBILITIES
4.1.1 Permit to Operate Required. Prior to opening to the public, the aquatic facility owner shall apply to the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) for a permit to operate the aquatic facility and each aquatic venue
• New aquatic facilities and venues shall be designed and constructed in conformance with local codes and/or the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC)
• The portion of existing aquatic facilities and venues that are substantially altered shall be designed and constructed in conformance with local codes and/or the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC)
• Repairs using like-for-like or equal in performance (see REPAIR) shall be allowed without a new permit. Documentation of all repairs, including the original and replacement specifications, shall be forwarded to the AHJ. Equipment replacement that changes the characteristic of the pool or system operation shall be reviewed and approved by the AHJ.
• The facility owner shall apply to the AHJ for a permit to operate prior to any alteration and/or modification that substantially changes previously approved design, system, or device specification.
4.1.2 Separate Additional Permit. A separate additional permit shall be required for each newly constructed or substantially altered aquatic venue at an existing aquatic facility. An additional permit will be required before the remodeling or construction of any aquatic venue. Plans and specifications shall have been approved by the AHJ prior to the issuance of any such permit.
4.1.3 After completion of construction or remodeling, the venue shall be inspected by the AHJ for compliance with this standard prior to being put in service for the public.
4.1.4 Prior to Issuance. Before a permit to operate is issued, the following procedures shall be completed:
• The aquatic facility owner has demonstrated the aquatic facility, including all newly constructed or substantially altered aquatic venues, is in compliance with the requirements of this standard; and
• The AHJ has approved the aquatic facility to be open to the public.
4.1.5 Permit Details. The permit to operate shall:
• Be issued in the name of the owner; and
• List all aquatic venues included under the permit.
• The AHJ shall specify the frequency of inspection; and
• Specify the period of time approved by the AHJ.
• A permit shall not be transferred from one owner to another without appropriate approval from the AHJ.
• No aquatic venue shall operate unless the owner has secured an annual or seasonal permit from the AHJ. The permit shall be posted in a location conspicuous to the public on the premises of the venue. Prior to issuing the permit(s), the AHJ shall determine that the aquatic venue is in compliance with this standard and that all required application fees have been paid. In the event the owner is operating the venue without the required annual or seasonal permit, the AHJ shall order the immediate closure of the venue.
• A pre-operational inspection shall be conducted annually by the AHJ on each seasonal aquatic venue.
4.1.6 Permit Expiration. Permits to operate shall terminate according to the AHJ schedule.
4.1.7 Permit Renewal. The aquatic facility owner shall renew the permit to operate prior to the scheduled expiration of an existing permit to operate an aquatic facility.
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4.1.8 Permit Denial. The permit to operate may be withheld or denied by the AHJ for noncompliance of the aquatic facility with the requirements of this standard.
4.1.9 Owner Responsibilities. The owner of an aquatic facility is responsible for the facility being operated, maintained, and managed in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
4.2 OPERATING PERMITS
4.2.1 Permit Location. The permit to operate shall be posted at the aquatic venue in a location conspicuous to the public.
4.2.2 Operating Without a Permit. Operation of an aquatic facility, or newly constructed or substantially altered aquatic venue, without a permit to operate shall be prohibited.
4.2.3 Required Closure. The facility operator or health authority shall immediately close the aquatic venue if any of the below listed conditions exist. The facility shall close the venue to users until corrected. For aquatic venues that have been closed by the AHJ, a reinspection by the AHJ and authorization to reopen is required. The AHJ shall order aquatic facilities or venues without a permit to operate to close until the aquatic facility or venue has obtained a permit to operate.
Reasons requiring closure:
• Enclosure does not meet this standard;
• Water clarity does not meet this standard as defined by Section 9.7;
• Sanitizer level is below the minimum standard as defined in Section 9.3.1;
• pH is outside the acceptable range as defined in Section 9.4.4;
• Submerged suction outlet fittings (drain covers) that are missing, broken, cracked, unsecured, or expired;
• Fecal or vomit accident;
• Broken glass or sharp objects in aquatic venue or on deck area;
• The water temperature exceeds 104°F (40°C);
• Absence of all required lifesaving equipment on deck or the absence of safety equipment required by the AHJ;
• Cyanuric Acid (CYA) levels are equal to or greater than 300 ppm;
• Electrical:
• Pool lights that are dislodged or leaking;
• Pool lights that are inoperable when needed;
• Unprotected overhead electrical wires within 20 feet (6.1 m) horizontally of the aquatic venue;
• Non-GFCI protected electrical receptacles within 20 feet (6.1 m) of the inside wall of the aquatic venue;
• Failure to maintain an emergency lighting source;
• Bonding of pool equipment, metallic fixtures and fittings, or pool/ spa water if known to be compromised;
• Absence of legible and required depth markings at an aquatic venue;
• The absence of properly operating filtration, circulation, sanitation systems;
• Use of an unapproved or contaminated water supply source for potable water use; or
• An incident or condition presents an immediate and obvious risk to bather or staff health and safety, or for any other item determined to be a public health hazard by the AHJ.
4.2.3.1 The pool or spa shall remain closed until the problem is corrected. For visible or reported fecal, vomit, or blood accident in the pool venue, the most current CDC guidelines, “Fecal Incident Response Recommendations for Aquatic Staff” (https://www. cdc.gov/healthywater/swimming/pdf/fecal-incident-responseguidelines.pdf) and/or “Cleaning Up Body Fluid Spills on Pool Surfaces” Fact Sheet (https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/ swimming/pdf/cleaning-body-fluid-spills-factsheet.pdf), shall be followed.
4.2.4 Extended Closures. Owners of facilities or venues that have been closed to the public for more than one year shall reapply for a permit to operate before reopening the facility or venue.
5 INSPECTIONS
5.1 PREOPERATIONAL INSPECTIONS
5.1.1 Terms of Operation. The aquatic venue shall not be placed in operation until an inspection approved by the AHJ shows compliance with the requirements of this standard or the AHJ approves opening for operation.
5.2 EXEMPTIONS
5.2.1 Applying for Exemption. An aquatic facility seeking an initial exemption or an existing aquatic facility claiming to be exempt according to applicable regulations shall contact the AHJ for application details/forms prior to opening.
5.2.2 Change in Exemption Status. An aquatic facility that sought and received an exemption from a public regulation shall contact the AHJ if the conditions upon which the exemption was granted change, so as to eliminate the exemption status.
5.3 VARIANCES
5.3.1 Variance Authority. The AHJ may grant a variance to the requirements of this standard.
5.3.2 Applying for a Variance. An aquatic facility seeking a variance shall apply in writing with the appropriate forms to the AHJ.
5.3.2.1 Application Components. The application shall include, but not be limited to:
• A citation of the standard section to which the variance is requested;
• A statement as to why the applicant is unable to comply with the standard section to which the variance is requested;
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• The nature and duration of the variance requested;
• A statement of how the intent of the standard will be met and the reasons why public health or safety would not be jeopardized if the variance was granted; and
• A full description of any policies, procedures, or equipment that the applicant proposes to use to rectify any potential increase in health or safety risks created by granting the variance.
5.3.3 Revoked Permits. Each variance shall be revoked when the permit attached to it is revoked. The AHJ may revoke an owner’s permit upon the finding of serious, repeated, or flagrant violations of any of the requirements of this standard or interference with the performance of the AHJ. No person shall operate any aquatic venue subject to an order of permit revocation.
5.3.4 The holder of a permit of a venue subject to an order of permit revocation may appeal such determination with the AHJ.
5.3.5 Suspended Permits. Each variance shall be reinstated when a permit is reinstated. The AHJ shall order the immediate closure and permit suspension of any aquatic venue upon finding that a substantial hazard exists to the health or safety of those who utilize the venue. The suspension shall remain in effect until such time as the AHJ finds that the venue meets the requirements of this standard. The holder of a permit of a venue subject to an order of closure and permit suspension may appeal such determination.
5.3.6 Not Transferable. A variance shall not be transferable unless otherwise provided in writing at the time the variance is granted.
6 AQUATIC FACILITY AND VENUE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
6.1 CLOSURE AND REOPENING
6.1.1 Closure. If an aquatic venue is not open to the public, the following conditions shall be met to protect health and safety:
6.1.1.1 Aquatic Venues with a Barrier. Where the aquatic venue has a barrier enclosing it to prevent unauthorized entry as defined by Section 10.6 of this standard:
• The barrier and all gates are fully operational, intact, and fully lockable.
• The water shall be recirculated and treated to meet the criteria of the ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas; and shall maintain clear and properly sanitized water at all times; or
• The water shall be drained; or
• An approved safety cover that is certified, listed, and labeled to ASTM F1346-91 Standard Performance Specification for Safety Covers and Labeling Requirements for All Covers for Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs by an ANSI-accredited certification organization shall be installed; or
• Where a safety cover is not used or not practical, access to the aquatic venue shall be restricted and routine checks of the integrity of the aquatic venue shall be made.
6.1.1.2 Aquatic Venues Without a Barrier but Open to the Public. Where the aquatic venue does not have a barrier enclosing it and other parts of the aquatic facility are open to the public:
• The water shall be recirculated and treated to meet the criteria of the ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas; and shall maintain clear and properly sanitized water at all times and the aquatic venue shall be staffed to keep bathers out; or
• The water shall be drained, and the aquatic venue shall be staffed to keep bathers out; or
• A temporary barrier enclosing the aquatic venue shall be installed to keep bathers out, and routine checks of the integrity of the temporary aquatic venue barrier shall be made; or
• An approved safety cover that is certified, listed, and labeled to ASTM F1346-91 Standard Performance Specification for Safety Covers and Labeling Requirements for All Covers for Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs by an ANSI-accredited certification organization shall be installed.
6.1.1.3 Aquatic Venues Without a Barrier and Closed to the Public. Where the aquatic venue does not have a barrier enclosing it and the aquatic facility is closed to the public:
• The water shall be recirculated and treated to meet the criteria of the ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas; and shall maintain clear and properly sanitized water at all times; or
• The water shall be drained and the aquatic venue shall be protected from public access; or
• An approved safety cover certified, listed, and labeled to ASTM F1346-91 Standard Performance Specification for Safety Covers and Labeling Requirements for All Covers for Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs by an ANSI-accredited certification organization shall be installed.
• Where a safety cover is not used or not practical, access to the aquatic facility shall be restricted and routine checks of the integrity of the aquatic facility enclosure shall be made.
6.1.2 Reopening. An owner or operator of a closed aquatic venue shall verify that the aquatic venue meets all applicable criteria of this standard before reopening the aquatic venue.
6.2 FACILITY DOCUMENTATION
6.2.1 Original Plans and Specifications Available. As equipment is changed, installation and operating manuals shall be kept on-site available for maintenance staff. A copy of the approved plans and specifications for each aquatic venue constructed after the adoption of this standard shall be available at the aquatic facility.
6.3 GENERAL OPERATIONS
6.3.1 Signage
6.3.1.1 Operating Permits
6.3.1.1.1 Permit Location. The permit to operate shall be posted at the aquatic venue in a location conspicuous to the public.
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6.3.2 Required General Signage Locations and Quantity
6.3.2.1 Required signs shall be positioned for effective visual observations by users as required by the AHJ. Information shall be permitted on single or multiple signs at the designer’s discretion. Signs shall not be mounted on fences and gates alongside of guest walkways and staircases. The center of the message panel shall be located not less than 5.5 feet (1.7 m) above the walking surface.
6.3.2.1.1 Posting of Required Signs. Signs stating rules, instructions, and warnings shall be posted. Signs for suction entrapment warning in accordance with Section 310 of the 2021 International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC) shall be posted. Signs shall be placed so that they face approaching pedestrian traffic. The center of the message panel shall be located not less than 5.5 feet (1.7 m) above the walking surface or as required by the AHJ.
6.3.2.1.1.1 Prohibited Mounting. Required signs shall not be mounted on fences and gates alongside of guest walkways and staircases.
6.3.2.1.1.2 Message Delivery. Messages delivered on required signs shall comply with all of the following:
• Messages shall be pertinent to the activity being performed or to be performed;
• Messages shall be specific by providing details about the activity;
• Messages shall be short and concise; and
• Messages shall be direct without humor or embellishments.
6.3.2.1.1.3 Text Font and Size. The message text shall be in a clear, bold font such as Arial. The character height shall be proportional to 1 inch (25 mm) for 10 feet (3.0 m) of intended viewing distance but not less than 1 inch (25 mm). Refer to ANSI Z535.2-2011 (R2017) American National Standard for Environmental and Facility Safety Signs
6.3.2.1.1.4 Distinct Sign Classes. Facility signs shall be categorized into four sign classes in accordance with this standard.
6.3.2.1.1.4.1 General Information. General information signs shall be posted facility-wide and shall not be attraction specific.
6.3.2.1.1.4.2 Directional Signs. Directional signs shall identify the location of services and attractions in the aquatic venue/facility and shall include directional arrows. Directional signs shall be posted at various crossroads in the facility.
6.3.2.1.1.4.3 Rule Signs. Rule signs shall inform guests of the qualifications that they must meet to allow them to participate on a specific ride or attraction. Rules shall include, but are not limited to, limits for weight and height, proper attire, and ride (and ride vehicle) stipulations. Rule signs shall be located at a point where the guests make the initial commitment to participate on the ride.
6.3.2.1.1.4.4 Instructional Signs. Instructional signs shall inform guests of specific instructions for the use of the ride. Instructions shall include, but are not limited to, riding posture, prohibited activity, and user exit requirements at the ride termination. Instructional signs shall be located along the queue approaching ride dispatch.
6.3.2.1.1.5 Materials. Sign panels shall be durable for the weather conditions and shall be resistant to damage from guests. The message surface shall be clean and smooth and shall readily accept paint or precut lettering adhesives.
6.3.2.1.1.6 Shape and size consistency. The panel shape and size for each class of signs shall be the same. Where the total message to be indicated is larger than what can be placed on one sign, multiple signs of the same size shall be used to display the message.
6.3.2.1.1.7 Pictograms. Pictograms shall always be accompanied by text indicating the same message. Pictograms shall be designed to illustrate one clear and specific meaning to all individuals and approved by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).
6.3.2.1.1.8 Theming or artwork. Theming or artwork applied to signs shall not invade the message panel. Signs shall have a distinct border.
6.3.2.1.1.9 Shallow water. Safety signs shall be in accordance with Section 412 of the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC)
6.3.2.1.1.10 Cold water. Where a pool could have a water temperature below 70°F (21°C), a cold water warning sign shall be posted at the point of entry to the pool or at the attraction using such water.
6.3.2.2 Signs shall be posted indicating all of the following:
6.3.2.2.1 First Aid Location(s).
6.3.2.2.2 Emergency Telephone(s) or Approved Communication System or Device.
6.3.2.2.3 Emergency Dialing Instructions. A permanent sign providing emergency dialing directions and the aquatic facility address shall be posted and maintained at the emergency telephone, system, or device.
6.3.2.2.4 Management Contact Info.
6.3.2.2.5 Hours of Operation. A sign shall be posted stating the following:
• The operating hours of the aquatic facility, and
• Unauthorized use of the aquatic facility outside of these hours is prohibited.
6.3.2.2.6 Occupancy Limits shall be posted for:
• Aquatic facility, and
• Each aquatic venue.
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6.3.2.2.7 CPR Posters. CPR posters that are up to date with latest CPR programs and protocols shall be posted conspicuously at all times.
6.3.2.2.8 Diarrhea. A sign shall be posted stating the following:
• Persons having currently active diarrhea or have had active diarrhea within the previous 14 days shall not be allowed to enter the pool.
6.3.2.2.9 Spray Grounds Using Recirculated Systems. A sign shall be posted stating the following:
• Caution: Water is recirculated. Do not drink.
6.3.2.2.10 Signage Recommending Showering Prior to Entry Into the Pool. A sign recommending the use of a shower prior to entering the swimming pool.
6.3.3 Signage for Facilities without Lifeguards
6.3.4 Where no lifeguard services are provided, a sign shall be posted in letters at least 4 inches (102 mm) high stating, “WARNING (or DANGER): No Lifeguard on Duty.” The sign shall also state in letters at least 1 inch (25 mm) high, “Children under the age of 14 shall not enter the pool without adult supervision.” Signage shall be posted at each point of entry of the aquatic facility and clearly visible.
6.3.5 Automatic External Defibrillator. When installed for public access a location sign shall be provided.
6.3.6 Hot Tub and Spa Signage
6.3.6.1 Emergency Shutoff Switch. Signs shall be posted that clearly indicate the location of the pump emergency shutoff switch. Such switch shall be clearly identified as the pump emergency shutoff switch.
6.3.6.1.1 Alarms. The following statements shall appear on a sign that is posted in a location that is visible from the spa: “Alarm Indicates Spa Pumps are Off. Do Not Use Spa When Alarm Sounds and Light is Illuminated Until Advised Otherwise.”
6.3.6.2 Operational signs shall include, but not be limited to, the following messages:
1. Do not allow the use of or operate spa if the suction outlet cover is missing, damaged, or loose.
2. Check spa temperature before each use. Do not enter the spa if the temperature is above 104°F (40°C)
3. Keep breakable objects out of the spa area.
4. Spa shall not be operated during severe weather conditions.
5. Never place electrical appliances within 5 feet (1.5 m) of the spa.
6.3.7 Chemical Storage Signage
6.3.7.1 Warning Signs. Warning signs shall be provided in compliance with NFPA or HMIS fire code ratings and shall be posted on the exterior of the chemical storage space doors. Locations shall be approved by the AHJ.
6.3.8 Temporary Pool Closure Signage
6.3.8.1 Any aquatic venue that temporarily does not meet safety requirements shall be closed for use and signage conspicuously posted. For example, pools closed due to chemical treatment.
6.3.9 Lifeguard Requirements. A lifeguard shall be required for the following locations:
6.3.9.1 Aquatic facilities that charge a fee for direct use of the aquatic facility (except for spray grounds) or as required by the AHJ.
6.3.9.2 Aquatic venue lacking signage that says, “No Lifeguard on Duty.”
6.3.9.3 Aquatic venue that does not allow for parental supervision or does not have a qualified supervisor such as a swim coach during swim team training.
6.3.9.4 Any aquatic venue while it is being used for the recreation of youth groups, including but not limited to, childcare usage or school groups.
6.3.9.5 Any aquatic venue, while it is being used for group training, must have dedicated lifeguards on deck or in an elevated position for class surveillance, sufficient to meet the requirements of zone coverage, and reach the farthest part of their assigned zone within 20 seconds, including, but not limited to, competitive swimming and/or sports, lifeguard training, exercise programs, and swimming lessons or as approved by the AHJ.
6.3.9.6 Any aquatic venue with a configuration in which any point on the aquatic venue surface exceeds 30 feet (9.1 m) from the nearest deck or as required by the AHJ.
6.3.9.7 Any aquatic venue with an induced current or wave action, including but not limited to wave pools and lazy rivers.
6.3.9.8 Waterslide landing pools.
6.3.9.9 Any aquatic venue in which bathers enter the water from a height above the deck, including but not limited to diving boards, drop slides, starting platforms, and/or climbing walls. This does not include pool slides.
6.3.9.10 Any aquatic facility that sells or serves alcohol within the aquatic venue enclosure, during the periods when alcohol is sold or served.
6.3.10 Swimming Pool Operator Requirements
6.3.10.1 A qualified operator shall be available for consultation during all hours of operation at an aquatic facility that has:
6.3.10.1.1 More than two aquatic venues.
6.3.10.1.2 An aquatic venue with 50,000 or more gallons of water.
6.3.10.1.3 An aquatic venue that includes water features with recirculated water.
6.3.10.1.4 An aquatic venue that is used as a therapy pool.
6.3.10.1.5 An aquatic venue that is used for swimming instruction or training.
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6.3.10.1.6 An aquatic facility that has more than 200 bathers daily.
6.3.10.1.7 An aquatic venue that is operated by a municipality
6.3.10.1.8 An aquatic venue that is operated by a school.
7 AQUATIC VENUE STRUCTURE
7.1 DEPTH MARKINGS
7.1.1 Depth Markers. Depth markers shall be provided in accordance with the following sections or the AHJ.
7.1.1.1 Where Required. Depth markers shall be installed at the maximum and minimum water depths and at all points of slope change. Depth markers shall be installed at water depth increments not to exceed 2 feet (610 mm). Depth markers shall be spaced at intervals not to exceed 25 feet (7.6 m).
7.1.1.2 Marking of Depth. The depth of water in feet (meters) shall be plainly and conspicuously marked on the vertical pool wall at or above the waterline.
Exception: Pools with a vanishing edge and rim flow gutters.
7.1.1.3 Depth Accuracy. Depth markers shall indicate the actual pool depth within ± 3 inches (76 mm), at normal operating water level where measured 3 feet (914 mm) from the pool wall or at the tangent point where the cove radius meets the floor, whichever is deeper.
7.1.1.4 Position on Pool Wall. Depth markers on the vertical pool wall shall be positioned to be read from the waterside. Depth markers shall be placed so as to allow as much of the numbers to be visible above the waterline as possible. Overflow pools with no vertical wall space between the deck and the waterline shall not require underwater depth markers.
7.1.1.5 Position on Deck. Depth markers on the deck shall be located within 18 inches (457 mm) of the water edge and positioned to be read while standing on the deck facing the water.
7.1.1.6 Horizontal Markers. Horizontal depth markers shall be slip resistant.
7.1.1.7 Uniform Distribution. Depth markers shall be distributed uniformly on both sides and both ends of the pool.
7.1.1.8 Numbers and Letters. Depth markers shall be replaced in kind or as approved by the AHJ.
7.1.2 No Diving Symbol. Where the pool depth is 5 feet (1.5 m) or less, the international “No Diving” symbol shall be displayed. The symbol shall be placed on the deck at intervals of not greater than 25 feet (7.6 m) and directly adjacent to a depth marker. Additional signage shall be in accordance with ANSI Z535 Series of Standards for Safety Signs and Colors.
7.2 AQUATIC VESSEL MAINTENANCE
7.2.1 Cracking.
7.2.1.1 Repaired. Cracks shall be part of the daily inspection process and be repaired when they change sufficiently to increase the potential for:
• Leakage;
• Trips or falls;
• Lacerations; or
• Impacting the ability to properly clean and maintain the aquatic venue area.
7.2.1.2 Document Cracks. Surface cracks under 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) wide shall be documented and monitored for any movement or change including opening, closing, and/or lengthening.
7.2.1.3 Sharp Edges. Any sharp edges shall be removed.
8 INDOOR/OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
8.1 LIGHTING
8.1.1 Lighting Maintained
8.1.1.1 Light Levels. Lighting systems, including emergency lighting, shall be maintained in all patron areas and maintenance areas, to ensure the required lighting levels are met.
8.1.1.2 Main Drain (SOFA frame or grate) Visible. The aquatic venue shall not be open if light levels are such that the drain cover is not clearly visible and sharply defined from any point on the deck up to 30 feet (9.1 m) away in a direct line of sight from the main drain.
8.1.1.3 With an Enclosure. The aquatic facility may remain open for other events if the closed aquatic venue has an enclosure which can be locked or supervised.
8.1.1.4 Underwater Lighting. Underwater lights, where provided, shall be operational and maintained as designed. All lighting equipment being installed or replaced shall be done in accordance with the National Electric Code NFPA 70: National Electrical Code (NEC).
8.1.1.4.1 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter. Branch circuits that supply underwater lights operating at more than the Low Voltage Contact Limit as defined in NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) 680.2 shall be GFCI protected.
8.1.1.4.2 Unprotected Light Circuit. Operation of an unprotected underwater light circuit shall be prohibited.
8.1.1.5 Cracked Lenses. Cracked lenses that are physically intact on lights shall be replaced before the aquatic venue reopens to bathers.
8.1.1.6 Non-Intact Lenses. The aquatic venue shall be immediately closed if cracked lenses are not intact and the lenses shall be replaced before reopening.
8.1.2 Glare
8.1.2.1 Assessments. The aquatic facility owner shall ensure that glare conditions are assessed to determine if the aquatic venue
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bottom and objects in the pool are clearly visible throughout operating hours.
8.1.2.1.1 Lifeguard Positions. If the aquatic venue requires lifeguards, the aquatic facility owner shall ensure that glare conditions are assessed from each lifeguard position as identified in the Zone of Patron Surveillance to determine if the aquatic venue bottom and objects in the pool are clearly visible to qualified lifeguard staff throughout operating hours.
8.1.2.2 Reduction. Windows and lighting equipment shall be adjusted, if possible, to minimize glare and excessive reflection on the water surface.
8.1.3 Night Swimming. Night swimming shall be prohibited unless required light levels in accordance with the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC) Section 321 are provided.
8.1.3.1 Hours. Night swimming shall be considered one half hour before sunset to one half hour after sunrise.
8.1.4 Emergency Lighting. Emergency lighting shall be tested and maintained according to manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
8.2 INDOOR AQUATIC FACILITY VENTILATION
8.2.1 Purpose. Air handling systems shall be maintained and operated by the owner/operator to protect the health and safety of the facility’s patrons.
8.2.2 Original Characteristics. Air handling systems shall be maintained and operated to comply with all requirements of the original system design, construction, and installation.
8.2.3 Indoor Facility Areas. The air handling system operation and maintenance requirements shall apply to an indoor aquatic facility including the aquatic venues, and the surrounding bather and spectator/stadium seating area.
8.2.3.1 Does Not Include. The air handling system operation and maintenance requirements do not include:
• Mechanical rooms;
• Bath and locker rooms; and
• Any associated rooms which have a direct opening to the aquatic facility.
8.2.4 Ventilation Procedures. The indoor aquatic facility owner/ operator shall develop and implement a program of standard air handling system operation, maintenance, cleaning, testing, and inspection procedures with detailed instructions, necessary equipment and supplies, and oversight for those carrying out these duties, in accordance with the air handling system design engineer and/or manufacturer’s instructions and specifications, and per the International Mechanical Code (IMC) and the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, and the ANSI/ACCA 10 Manual SPS – 2010 HVAC Design for Swimming Pools and Spas
8.2.4.1 System Operation. The air handling system shall operate continuously, including providing the required amount of outdoor air.
8.2.4.1.1
Operation outside of operating hours.
Exception: During non-use periods, the amount of outdoor air may be reduced by no more than 50% as long as acceptable air quality is maintained.
8.2.4.1.2 Walls, windows, or other barriers can be removed to allow for natural ventilation during hours of operation.
8.2.5 Natatorium Air. Natatorium air contains chemical compounds caused by water sanitation and safety treatments (or the lack of proper treatment). All efforts to control indoor air quality are based on the assumption of proper water treatment. Engineered ventilation (outdoor air) dilutes the concentration of offensive pollutants. Outdoor air is required for the actual water surface area and the wet deck area, and if there is spectator seating, outdoor air is required for spectators. The outdoor air damper can be closed when the space is not occupied (use low leakage dampers). If the spectator load is large and occasional, consider using a dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) for spectator events. There may be a temporary ventilation cubic feet per minute (cfm) requirement (purge cycle) for water shocking. Condensation or freezing condensation may occur when cold outdoor air is mixed with warm humid return air, or air discharged from an evaporator coil. Condensation may occur when heat reclaim equipment processes exhaust air. Condensation droplets must not impinge on a heating coil or heating surface. Mixing boxes must be designed to capture condensation, contain condensation, and dispose of condensation. Preheat may be required for cold outdoor air in accordance with the air handling system design engineer and/or manufacturer’s instructions and specifications and per the International Mechanical Code (IMC) and the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, and the ANSI/ACCA 10 Manual SPS – 2010 HVAC Design for Swimming Pools and Spas
8.2.6 Manuals/Commissioning Reports. The qualified operator shall maintain a copy of the air handling system design engineer and/or manufacturer original operating manuals, commissioning reports, updates, and specifications for any modifications at the facility.
8.2.7 Ventilation Monitoring. The qualified operator shall monitor, log and maintain air handling system set points and other operational parameters as specified by the air handling system design engineer and/or manufacturer.
8.2.8 Air Filter Changing. The qualified operator shall replace or clean, as appropriate, air handling system air filters in accordance with the air handling system design engineer and/or manufacturer’s instructions and specifications, whichever is most frequent.
8.2.9 Combined Chlorine Reduction. The qualified operator shall develop and implement a plan to minimize combined chlorine compounds in the indoor aquatic facility from the operation of aquatic venues.
8.2.10 Building Purge Plan. The qualified operator shall develop and implement an air quality action plan with procedures for purging the indoor aquatic facility for chemical emergencies or other indicators of poor air quality.
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8.2.11 Records. The owner shall ensure documents are maintained at the indoor aquatic facility to be available for inspection, recording the following:
• A log recording the set points of operational parameters set during the commissioning of the air handling system and the actual readings taken at least once daily;
• Maintenance conducted to the system including the dates of filter changes, cleaning, and repairs;
• Dates and details of modifications to the air handling system; and
• Dates and details of modifications to the operating scheme.
• Indoor/outdoor aquatic facility electrical systems and components.
8.3 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS
8.3.1
Electrical Repairs
8.3.1.1 Local Codes. Repairs or alterations to electrical equipment and associated equipment shall preserve compliance with the NFPA 70: National Electrical Code (NEC), or with applicable local codes prevailing at the time of construction, or with subsequent versions of those codes.
8.3.1.2 Immediately Repaired. All defects in the electrical system shall be immediately repaired.
8.3.1.3 Wiring. Electrical wiring, whether permanent or temporary, shall comply with the NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) or with applicable local code.
8.3.2 Electrical Receptacles
8.3.2.1 New Receptacles. The installation of new electrical receptacles shall be subject to electrical-construction requirements of this standard and applicable local code.
8.3.2.2 Repairs. Repairs or maintenance to existing receptacles shall maintain compliance with the NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) and with United States Code of Federal Regulations, 29 CFR 1910.304(b) (3) (ii) Wiring Design and Protection.
8.3.2.3 Replacement. Replacement receptacles shall be of the same type as the previous ones, (e.g., grounding-type receptacles shall be replaced only by grounding-type receptacles), with all grounding conductors connected and proper wiring polarity preserved.
8.3.2.4 Substitutions. Where the original type of receptacle is no longer available, a replacement and installation shall be in accordance with applicable local code.
8.3.3 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
8.3.3.1 Manufacturer’s Recommendations. Where receptacles are required to be protected by GFCI devices, the GFCI devices shall be tested following the instructions and specifications.
8.3.3.2 Testing. Required GFCI devices shall be tested as part of scheduled maintenance on the first day of operation, and minimum monthly thereafter, until the body of water is drained, and the equipment is prepared for storage.
8.3.4 Grounding
8.3.4.1 Maintenance and Repair. Maintenance or repair of electrical circuits or devices shall preserve grounding compliance with the NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) or with applicable local codes.
8.3.4.2 Grounding Conductors. Grounding conductors that have been disconnected shall be reinspected as required by the local building code authority prior to aquatic venue being used by bathers.
8.3.4.3 Damaged Conductors. Damaged grounding conductors and grounding electrodes shall be repaired immediately.
8.3.4.4 Damaged Conductor Repair. Damaged grounding conductors or grounding electrodes associated with recirculation or disinfection equipment or with underwater lighting systems shall be repaired by a qualified person who has the proper and/or necessary skills, training, or credentials to carry out this task.
8.3.4.5 Public Access. The public shall not have access to the aquatic venue until such grounding conductors or grounding electrodes are repaired.
8.3.4.6 Venue Closure. The aquatic venue with damaged grounding conductors or grounding electrodes, that are associated with recirculation or disinfection equipment or with underwater lighting systems, shall be closed until repairs are completed and inspected by the AHJ.
8.3.5 Bonding
8.3.5.1 Local Codes. Maintenance or repair of all metallic equipment, electrical circuits or devices, or reinforced concrete structures shall preserve bonding compliance with the NFPA 70: National Electrical Code (NEC), or with applicable local codes.
8.3.5.2 Bonding Conductors. Bonding conductors shall not be disconnected except where they will be immediately reconnected.
8.3.5.3 Disconnected Conductors. The aquatic venue shall not be used by bathers while bonding conductors are disconnected.
8.3.5.4 Removable Covers. Removable covers protecting bonding conductors (e.g., at ladders) shall be kept in place except during bonding conductor inspections, repair, or replacement.
8.3.5.5 Scheduled Maintenance. Bonding conductors, where accessible, shall be inspected visually every 6 months or whenever disrupted or impacted by site construction or other related events.
8.3.5.6 Corrosion. The continuity of bonding conductors and any associated clamps shall not be compromised due to corrosion.
8.3.5.7 Continuity. Continuity of the bonding system associated with the recirculation system, disinfection equipment, underwater lighting systems, pool water, and any metallic components requiring bonding per NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) Article 680 shall be inspected by the AHJ following installation and any major construction around the aquatic facility.
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8.3.6 Extension Cords
8.3.6.1 Temporary Cords and Connectors. Temporary extension cords and power connectors shall not be used as a substitute for permanent wiring.
8.3.6.2 Minimum Distance from Water. All parts of an extension cord shall be restrained at a minimum of 6 feet (1.8 m) away when measured along the shortest possible path from a body of water during times when the aquatic facility is open.
8.3.6.3 Exception. An extension cord may be used within 6 feet (1.8 m) of the nearest edge of a body of water if a permanent wall exists between the body of water and the extension cord.
8.3.6.4 GFCI Protection. The circuit supplying an extension cord shall be protected by a GFCI device when the extension cord is to be used within 6 feet (1.8 m) of a body of water.
8.3.6.5 Local Code. An extension cord incorporating a GFCI device may be used if that is acceptable under applicable local code.
8.3.6.6 Compliance. The use of extension cords shall comply with United States Code of Federal Regulations, 29 CFR 1910.304 (b) (3) (ii) Wiring Design and Protection
8.3.7 Portable Electric Devices. Portable line-powered electrical devices, such as radios or drills, shall not be used within 6 feet (1.8 m) horizontally of the nearest inner edge of a body of water, unless connected to a GFCI-protected circuit.
8.3.8 Communication Devices and Dispatch Systems. The maintenance and repair of Communication Devices and Dispatch Systems shall preserve compliance with the NFPA 70: National Electrical Code (NEC).
8.4 FACILITY HEATING
8.4.1 Facility Heating and Water Heating
8.4.1.1 Maintenance and Repair. Mechanical equipment, appliances, and water heating appliances shall be properly installed and maintained in a safe working condition and shall be capable of performing the intended function. Devices or safeguards shall be maintained in compliance with the edition of the code under which they were installed.
8.4.1.1.1 Equipment Ventilation. Equipment ventilation for exhaust gases shall be routinely inspected and maintained in accordance with the facilities maintenance plan to ensure continuous safe operation.
8.4.1.1.2 Alarm Monitor. Alarms and monitors for air quality, such as carbon monoxide (CO) levels, shall be installed, routinely inspected, and maintained in working condition in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
8.4.1.2 Defects. Defects in the aquatic facility heating equipment, equipment installation, safeguards, alarms, and/or monitoring systems shall be immediately repaired. Heating equipment shall not be operated until repair of all defects have been completed.
8.4.1.3 Temperature. Air temperature of an indoor aquatic facility shall be controlled to the original specifications or, in the absence
of such, maintain the dew point of the interior space less than the dew point of the interior walls at all times, so as to prevent damage to structural members and to prevent biological growth on walls.
8.4.1.4 Mechanical Equipment Clearances. The minimum clearances to combustible material shall be maintained based upon the minimum distance specified by the equipment label and the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
8.5 EMERGENCY EXIT
8.5.1 Exit Routes. Emergency exit routes shall be established for both indoor facilities and outdoor facilities and be maintained so that they are well lighted, with proper signage, unobstructed, and accessible at all times.
8.6 PLUMBING
8.6.1 Potable Water Supply
8.6.1.1 The aquatic venue water supply shall be from a potable source. The water supply system shall be installed and operated in accordance with local, state, or federal regulations.
8.5.1.1.1 Makeup Water. Makeup water to maintain the water level and water used as a vehicle for sanitizers or other chemicals, for pump priming, or for other such additions, shall be from a potable water source.
8.6.1.2 Water Pressure. All plumbing shall be maintained in good repair with no leaks or discharge.
8.6.1.3 Availability. Potable water shall be available at all times to patrons.
8.6.1.4 Cross-Connection Control. Water introduced into the pool, either directly or to the recirculation system, shall be supplied through an air gap or by another method which will prevent backflow and backsiphonage.
8.6.2 Drinking Fountains and Water Dispenser
8.6.2.1 Good Repair. Drinking fountains and water dispensers shall be in good repair.
8.6.2.2 Clean. Drinking fountains and water dispensers shall be clean.
8.6.2.3 Catch Basin. Drinking fountains and water dispensers shall be adjusted so that water does not go outside the catch basin.
8.6.2.4 Contamination. Drinking fountains shall provide an angled jet of water and be adjusted so that the water does not fall back into the drinking water stream.
8.6.2.5 Water Pressure. Drinking fountains and water dispensers shall have sufficient water pressure to allow correct adjustment.
8.6.3 Waste Water
8.6.3.1 Waste Water Disposal. Aquatic venue waste water, including pool water draining, backwash water, and cartridge cleaning water, shall be disposed of in accordance with local codes. Where required, filter backwash water and drainage water shall be treated chemically or through the use of settling tanks to eliminate
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or neutralize chemicals, diatomaceous earth, and contaminants in the water that exceed the limits set by the state or local effluent discharge requirements.
8.6.3.2 Drainage. Waste water and backwash water shall not be returned to an aquatic venue or the aquatic facility’s water treatment system.
8.6.3.2.1 Water Salvage. Filter backwash water shall not be returned to the vessel except where the backwash water has been filtered to remove particulates, treated to eliminate coliform bacteria and waterborne pathogens, and such return has been approved by the state or local authority.
8.6.3.3 No Standing Water. Discharge water shall not create any standing water, a nuisance, offensive odors, stagnant wet areas, or an environment for the breeding of insects.
8.6.4 Water Replenishment
8.6.4.1 Volume. Removal of water from the pool and replacement with make-up water shall be performed per the requirements in ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas as needed to maintain water quality.
8.7 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
8.7.1 Storage Receptacles
8.7.1.1 Good Repair and Clean. Outside waste and recycling containers shall be maintained in good repair and clean condition.
8.7.1.2 Storage Areas. Outside waste and recycling storage areas shall be maintained in good repair and clean condition. Garbage and recycling containers shall be covered to restrict access by vermin.
8.7.2 Disposal
8.7.2.1 Frequency. Solid waste and recycled materials shall be removed at a frequency to prevent attracting vectors or causing odor.
8.7.2.2 Local Code Compliance. Solid waste and recycled materials shall be disposed of in compliance with local codes.
8.8 DECKS
8.8.1 Food Preparation and Consumption
8.8.1.1 Preparation. Food preparation and cooking shall only be permitted in designated areas as specified in this standard.
8.8.1.2 Eating and Drinking. Bathers shall not eat or drink while in or partially in the aquatic venue water except in designated areas such as, but not limited to, swim-up bars, and approved by the AHJ.
8.8.1.2.1 Swim-Up Bars. Swim-up bars, when utilized, shall provide facilities for bathers to place food and drinks on a surface which can be sanitized.
8.8.2 Glass
8.8.2.1 Containers. Glass food and beverage containers shall be prohibited in patron areas of aquatic facilities.
8.8.2.2 Furniture. Glass furniture shall not be used in an aquatic facility.
8.8.3 Deck Maintenance
8.8.3.1 Free from Obstructions. The perimeter deck shall be maintained free from obstructions, including patron seating, to preserve space required for lifesaving and rescue.
8.8.3.2 Diaper Changing. Diaper changing shall only be done at a designated diaper changing station.
8.8.3.2.1 Prohibited. Diaper changing shall be prohibited on the deck and any deck furniture.
8.8.3.3 Vermin. Deck areas shall be regularly maintained to keep it free of debris, vermin, and vermin harborage.
8.8.3.4 Original Design. Deck surfaces shall be maintained to their original design slope, slip resistance, and integrity.
8.8.3.4.1 Crack Repair. Cracks in the deck shall be part of the daily inspection process and be repaired when they change sufficiently to increase the potential for slip, trip, or fall.
8.8.3.5 Standing Water. Deck areas shall be free from standing water and biofilm so as to not constitute a slip hazard.
8.8.3.6 Drains. Deck drains shall be cleaned and maintained to prevent blockage and pooling of water.
8.8.3.7 Wet Areas. Wet areas shall not have absorbent materials that cannot be removed for cleaning and disinfection daily.
8.8.3.8 Circulation Path. Fixed equipment, loose equipment, and deck furniture shall not intrude upon the aquatic venue circulation path.
8.9 AQUATIC FACILITY MAINTENANCE
All appurtenances, features, signage, safety, and other equipment and systems required by this standard shall be provided and maintained.
8.9.1 Diving Boards and Platforms
8.9.1.1 Slip Resistant Finish. The finish and profile of surfaces of diving boards and platforms shall be maintained to prevent slips, trips, and falls.
8.9.1.2 Loose Bolts and Cracked Boards. Diving boards shall be inspected daily for cracks and loose bolts with cracked boards removed and loose bolts tightened immediately.
8.9.2 Steps and Guardrails
8.9.2.1 Immovable. Steps and guardrails shall be secured so as not to move during use.
8.9.2.2 Maintenance. The profile and surface of steps shall be maintained to reduce the likelihood of slips and falls.
8.9.3 Starting Platforms. The profile and surface of starting platform steps shall be in good repair to prevent slips, trips, falls, and pinch hazards. Unauthorized or unsupervised use of starting platforms is prohibited.
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8.9.4 Aquatic Features
8.9.4.1 Maintenance. Aquatic features shall be maintained and operated to manufacturer’s/designer’s instructions and specifications.
8.9.4.2 Slime and Biofilm. Slime and biofilm layers shall be removed on all accessible aquatic feature surfaces.
8.9.4.3 Flow Rates. Aquatic feature shall have an operational flow meter or flow indicating device and water flow rates shall be checked to be within designer or manufacturer’s instructions and specifications prior to opening to the public.
8.9.4.4 Sanitizer. Where aquatic feature plumbing lines are susceptible to holding stagnant water, aquatic feature pumps shall be started not less than 45 minutes or the time to complete one volume of turnover, whichever is less, prior to opening, to flush such plumbing lines with treated water.
8.9.4.4.1 Water Testing. The water shall be tested to verify the primary sanitizer in the water is within the parameters specified in Section 9.5 of this standard.
8.9.5 Fencing and Barriers
8.9.5.1 Maintenance. Required fencing, barriers, and gates shall be maintained at all times.
8.9.5.2 Tested Daily. Gates, locks, closures, latches and associated alarms, if required, shall be tested daily prior to opening to verify function.
8.9.6 Aquatic Facility Cleaning
8.9.6.1 Cleaning. The aquatic venue shall be kept clean of debris, organic materials, and slime/biofilm in accessible areas in the water and on surfaces.
8.9.6.2 Vacuuming. Vacuuming shall only be done when the aquatic venue is closed.
8.9.6.3 Port Openings. Vacuum port openings shall be covered with an approved device cover when not in use per the listing and labeling of IAPMO SPS 4 Special Use Suction Fittings for Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs (For Suction Side Automatic Swimming Pool Cleaners) or another cover approved by the AHJ.
8.9.6.3.1 Damaged. Pools with missing or damaged vacuum port covers shall be closed and repairs made before reopening.
9 RECIRCULATION AND WATER TREATMENT
9.1 RECIRCULATION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
9.1.1 General
9.1.1.1 Continuous Operation. During the operating season of a venue, all components of the filtration and recirculation systems shall be kept in continuous operation when open to bathers and as required to maintain water quality in conformance with ANSI/APSP/ ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas
9.1.1.1.1 Reduced Flowrates. The aquatic venue shall be permitted to reduce flow rate when not open to bathers, and provided the water quality is maintained and documented in conformance with ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas. Water quality shall be tested and documented prior to opening the aquatic venue to bathers. The reduced circulation rate shall not be zero, unless approved by the local health inspector or AHJ.
9.1.1.2 Gutter/Skimmer Pools. For gutter or skimmer pools with main drains, the required recirculation flow shall be as follows during normal operation:
• At least 80% of the flow through the surface skimming system, and
• No greater than 20% through the main drain.
9.1.2 Aquatic Venues with Commingled Water Treatment. Each individual aquatic venue in a combined treatment system shall meet required turnover times and achieve all water quality criteria (including but not limited to pH, primary sanitizer concentration, and water clarity/turbidity).
9.1.3 Inlets. Inlets shall be checked at least weekly for direction of flow and adjusted as necessary to produce uniform circulation of water as designed and to facilitate the maintenance of a uniform primary sanitizer residual throughout the pool.
9.1.4 Surface Skimming Devices
9.1.4.1 Surface Skimming Devices (SSD). SSD includes and is not limited to surface skimmers or perimeter overflow gutters, and shall be kept clean and free of debris that may restrict flow.
9.1.4.2 Automatic Fill System. The automatic fill system, when installed, shall maintain the water level at an elevation such that the gutters must overflow continuously around the perimeter of the pool.
9.1.4.3 Skimmer Device Water Levels. The water levels shall be maintained near the middle of the skimmer openings or at level of the lip or rim of the overflow gutter.
9.1.4.4 Flow Control Valves. The flow through each skimmer shall be adjusted to maintain skimming action that will remove all floating matter from the entire surface of the water.
9.1.4.5 Strainer Baskets. The strainer baskets for skimmers shall be cleaned as necessary to maintain proper skimming.
9.1.4.6 Weirs. Weirs shall remain in place and in working condition at all times. Weirs shall be inspected not less than on a weekly basis.
9.1.4.6.1 Broken or Missing Weirs. Broken or missing skimmer weirs shall be replaced immediately.
9.1.4.7 Gutter Grates. Gutter grates shall be replaced if damaged in a manner to cause injury.
9.1.5 Suction Outlet Fitting Assemblies (SOFAs)
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9.1.5.1 Replaced. Loose, broken, damaged, cracked, expired, or missing SOFA covers, components, and fasteners shall be secured or replaced immediately and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.1.5.1.1 Closed. Aquatic venue shall be closed until the required repairs can be completed.
9.1.5.1.2 Close/Open Procedures. Aquatic facilities shall follow procedures for closing and reopening whenever required as outlined in Section 4.2.
9.1.5.2 Documentation. SOFA documentation shall be made part of the permanent records of the aquatic facility including the installation and subsequent expiration date. Service life begins when SOFA covers, components, and fasteners are installed with or without water. These documents shall be readily available.
9.1.6 Strainers and Pumps. Strainers shall be in place and cleaned as required to maintain pump performance and the design system flow rate.
9.1.7 Flow Meters. Flow meters shall be provided and maintained in proper working order per the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.1.8 Flow Rates/Turnovers
9.1.8.1 System Flowrate Turnover Circulation systems providing filtration and chemical sanitizers shall circulate treated and filtered water for 24 hours a day. The circulation rate shall be permitted to be reduced during periods that the aquatic venue is closed for use, provided that acceptable water quality, including but not limited to clarity and chemical levels in accordance with ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas, are met prior to reopening the aquatic venue for public use. The reduced circulation rate shall not be zero, unless approved by the local health inspector or AHJ.
Exception: The required operation times for spas shall be in accordance with Section 13.1.1 of this standard.
9.2 FILTRATION
9.2.1 General
9.2.1.1 Listed and Labeled. Filters and filter media shall be listed and labeled to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI-accredited certification organization.
9.2.1.2 Cleaning and Maintenance. Filters shall be backwashed, cleaned, and maintained according to the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.2.1.3 Replacement Media. Replacement media shall be in accordance with the original filter specification.
9.2.2 Granular Media Filters
9.2.2.1 Filtration Rates. All filters shall be operated per the manufacturer’s NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities listed filtration rate and manufacturer’s instructions.
9.2.2.2 Backwashing. Filters shall be backwashed as recommended by the manufacturer as approved by the AHJ.
9.2.2.2.1 Backwashing Rates. The granular media filter system shall be backwashed at a rate of at least 15 GPM per square foot (36.7 m/h) of filter bed surface area unless explicitly prohibited by the filter manufacturer and/or approved at an alternate rate as specified in the NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities listing.
9.2.2.2.2 Clear Water. Backwashing should be continued until the water leaving the filter is clear.
9.2.2.2.3 Backwashing Frequency. Backwashing of each filter shall be performed, as required to maintain minimum design flow rate, and as recommended by the filter manufacturer.
9.2.2.3 Filter Media Inspections. Sand or other granular media shall be inspected for proper depth and cleanliness at least one time per year, replacing the media when necessary to restore depth or cleanliness.
9.2.2.4 Vacuum Media Filters. The manual air release valve of the filter shall be opened as necessary to remove any air that collects inside of the filter as well as following each backwash.
9.2.2.5 Filtration Enhancing Products. Products, if used, to enhance filter performance, shall be used according to manufacturers’ instructions and specifications.
9.2.3 Precoat Filters
9.2.3.1 Appropriate. The appropriate media type and quantity as recommended by the filter manufacturer shall be used.
9.2.3.1.1 Approved. The media shall be certified, listed, and labeled to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI-accredited certification organization for use in the filter.
9.2.3.2 Return to the Pool. Precoating of the filters shall be required in closed loop (precoat) mode to minimize the potential for media or debris to be returned to the pool unless filters are certified, listed, and labeled to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI-accredited certification organization to return water to the pool during the precoat process.
9.2.3.3 Operation. Filter operation shall be per manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.2.3.3.1 Uninterrupted Flow. Flow through the filter shall not be interrupted when switching from precoat mode to filtration mode, unless the filters are certified, listed, and labeled to NSF/ANSI/ CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI- accredited certification organization to return water to the pool during the precoat process.
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9.2.3.3.1.1 Flow Interruption. When a flow interruption occurs on precoat filters not designed to bump, the media shall be backwashed out of the filter and a new precoat established according to the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.2.3.3.2 Maximum Precoat Media Load. Systems designed to flow to waste while precoating shall use the maximum recommended precoat media load permitted by the filter manufacturer to account for media lost to the waste stream during precoating.
9.2.3.4 Cleaning. Backwashing or cleaning of filters shall be performed at a differential pressure increase over the initial clean filter pressure as recommended by the filter manufacturer, unless the system can no longer achieve the design flow rate.
9.2.3.5 Continuous Feed Equipment. Continuous filter media feed equipment tank agitators shall run continuously.
9.2.3.5.1 Batch Application. Filter media feed may also be performed via batch application.
9.2.3.6 Bumping. Bumping a precoat filter shall be performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.2.3.7 Filter Media
9.2.3.7.1 Diatomaceous Earth. Diatomaceous earth (DE), when used, shall be added to precoat filters in the amount recommended by the filter manufacturer and in accordance with the specifications for the filter listing and labeling to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSIaccredited certification organization.
9.2.3.7.2 Perlite. Perlite, when used, shall be added to precoat filters in the amount recommended by the filter manufacturer and in accordance with the specifications for the filter listing and labeling to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI-accredited certification organization.
9.2.4 Cartridge Filters
9.2.4.1 Approved. Cartridge filters shall be operated in accordance with the filter manufacturer’s instructions and specifications and be certified, listed, and labeled to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI-accredited certification organization.
9.2.4.2 Filtration Rates. The maximum operating filtration rate for any surface-type cartridge filter shall not:
• Exceed the lesser of either the manufacturer’s recommended filtration rate or 0.375 GPM per square foot (0.26 L/s/m2), or
• Drop below the design flow rate required to achieve the turnover rate for the aquatic venue.
9.2.4.3 Filter Elements. Active filter cartridges shall be exchanged with clean filter cartridges at a differential pressure increase over the initial clean filter pressure as recommended by the filter manufacturer, unless the system can no longer achieve the design flow rate.
9.2.4.3.1 Cleaning Procedure. The filter housing and filter cartridge shall be cleaned per manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.2.4.3.2 No Manufacturer Procedure. If there is no established manufacturer’s cleaning procedure, then filters shall be cleaned as follows.
9.2.4.3.2.1 Filter Housing Cleaning. The following procedures shall be implemented to clean the filter housing when no manufacturer’s instructions and specifications are established:
• Drain filter housing to waste;
• Remove the filter cartridges from the housing;
• Clean the inside of the filter housing with a brush and mild detergent to remove biofilms and algae;
• Rinse thoroughly; and
• Mist the filter housing walls with sodium hypochlorite at a 1:10 dilution.
9.2.4.3.2.2 Filter Cartridge Cleaning. The following procedures shall be implemented to clean the filter cartridge when no manufacturer’s instructions and specifications are established.
9.2.4.3.2.2.1 Rinse Thoroughly. The cartridge shall be rinsed thoroughly with a spray nozzle.
9.2.4.3.2.2.2 Pressure Washer. A pressure washer shall not be used to clean cartridge filters.
9.2.4.3.2.2.3 Degrease. Cartridge filters shall be degreased each time they are cleaned per the procedures outlined in this section.
9.2.4.3.2.2.4 Soak. The cartridge shall be soaked overnight in one of the following solutions:
• A cartridge filter cleaner/degreaser per instructions on product label, or
• A solution of water with 1 cup (240 ml) of trisodium phosphate (TSP) per 5 gallons (18.9 L) of water, or
• One cup of automatic dishwashing detergent per 5 gallons of water.
9.2.4.3.2.2.5 Acid. Muriatic acid or products with acid in them shall never be used prior to degreasing.
9.2.4.3.2.2.6 Rinse. The filter cartridge shall be removed from the degreaser solution and rinsed thoroughly.
9.2.4.4 Spare Cartridge. One full set of spare cartridges shall be maintained on site in a clean and dry condition.
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9.3 WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS AND SYSTEMS
Treatment chemicals shall have an EPA FIFRA registration, if required, and shall be used only in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
The individual chemical ranges for calcium hardness, alkalinity, CYA, pH, and TDS should be adjusted to be within the acceptable range for balanced water as per ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas Appendix A.
9.3.1 Primary Sanitizers. Only the primary sanitizers outlined in Section 9.3 shall be acceptable for use in aquatic venues.
9.3.1.1 Chlorine
9.3.1.1.1 EPA Registered. Only chlorine products that are EPAregistered for use as sanitizers in aquatic venues or spas in the United States are permitted.
9.3.1.1.2 Minimum FAC Concentrations. Minimum FAC concentrations shall be maintained at all times in all areas as follows in Section 9.3.
9.3.1.1.2.1 Not Using Cyanuric Acid. Aquatic venues not using CYA shall maintain a minimum FAC concentration of 1.0 ppm (mg/L).
9.3.1.1.2.2 Using Cyanuric Acid. Aquatic venues using CYA shall maintain a minimum FAC concentration of 1.0 ppm (mg/L) with CYA levels below 50 ppm and a minimum FAC concentration of 2.0 ppm (mg/L) with CYA levels of 50 ppm or greater.
When CYA levels reach 100 ppm in a pool, remediation to lower the concentration level shall begin. At no time shall the CYA levels be greater than 300 ppm in a pool.
9.3.1.1.2.2.1 Aquatic Venues. The CYA level at all aquatic venues shall remain at or below 100 ppm (mg/L).
NOTE: The intent of Section 9.3.1.1.2.2.1 is to require CYA levels be maintained at or below 100ppm, as stated in the ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas. The intent of the second paragraph in Section 9.3.1.1.2.2 is to allow for judgement by the AHJ to provide for remediation of CYA levels without venue closure, which is required when CYA levels reach 300ppm or greater.
9.3.1.1.2.3 Spas. Spas shall maintain a minimum FAC concentration of 2.0 ppm (mg/L) in spas not using cyanuric acid (CYA) and in spas with CYA levels below 50 ppm. Spas shall maintain a minimum FAC concentration of 3.0 ppm in spas with CYA levels of 50 ppm or greater.
9.3.1.1.3 Stagnant Water Lines. Recirculated aquatic feature water lines susceptible to holding stagnant water shall maintain primary sanitizer throughout the lines as per Section 9.3.
9.3.1.1.4 Consistent with Label Instructions. FAC concentrations and product use shall be consistent with label
instructions and shall comply with all applicable codes and regulations.
9.3.1.1.5 Maximum FAC Concentrations. Maximum FAC concentrations shall not exceed 4.0 ppm (mg/L) for pools and 5.0 ppm (mg/L) for spas at any time the aquatic venue is open to bathers.
9.3.1.2 Bromine
9.3.1.2.1 EPA Registered. Only bromine products that are EPAregistered for use as sanitizers in aquatic venues in the United States shall be permitted. Use of the product shall comply with the EPA label as well as applicable codes and regulations.
• Sanitizers. Bromine-based sanitizers may be applied to aquatic venues and spas.
9.3.1.2.2 Minimum Bromine Concentrations. Minimum bromine concentrations shall be maintained at all times in all areas as follows:
• All aquatic venues: 2.0 ppm (mg/L), and
• Spas: 4.0 ppm (mg/L)
9.3.1.2.3 Maximum Bromine Concentrations. The maximum bromine concentration shall not exceed the maximum indicated on the label of the EPA-registered product at any time the aquatic venue is open to bathers.
9.3.1.2.4 Safety Requirements. Facilities using compressed chlorine gas shall provide safety precautions per the following subsections.
9.3.1.2.4.1 Separate Enclosure. The chlorinators and any cylinders containing chlorine gas used therewith shall be housed in an enclosure separated from other equipment rooms, including the swimming pool, corridors, dressing rooms, and other space.
9.3.1.2.4.2 Door. The chlorinators and any cylinders containing chlorine gas used therewith shall be housed in an enclosure with a door so installed as to prevent gas leakage and equipped with an inspection window.
9.3.1.2.4.3 Secured. Chlorine cylinders shall be secured from falling.
9.3.1.2.4.4 Cylinders in Use. Cylinders in use shall be secured on a suitable platform scale.
9.3.1.2.4.5 Devices and Safeguard. Devices and safeguard for facilities using compressed chorine gas shall be maintained in compliance with the edition of the code under which they were installed.
9.3.1.2.4.6 Trained Operator. Any person who operates such chlorinating equipment shall be trained in its use.
9.3.1.2.4.7 Stop Use. Facilities shall stop the use of chlorine gas if specific safety equipment and training requirements, along with local code considerations, cannot be met.
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9.3.1.3 Salt Electrolytic Chlorine Generators, Brine Electrolytic Chlorine or Bromine Generators
9.3.1.3.1 One exception to having an EPA-registered sanitizer is on-site electrolytic halogen generation. The use of electrolytic halogen generators (i.e., chlorine and bromine generators) shall comply with Section 9.3.1.3. Electrolytic halogen generators shall be certified to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities, and shall be installed and operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.3.1.3.2 Pool/Hot Tub Salt. Only salt labeled for pool or hot tub use shall be used.
9.3.1.3.3 Maintained. The saline content of the pool water shall be maintained in the required range specified by the manufacturer.
9.3.1.3.4 Cleaning. Cleaning of electrolytic plates shall be performed as recommended by the manufacturer.
9.3.1.3.5 Corrosion Protection. Corrosion protection systems shall be maintained in the pool basin.
9.3.2 Secondary Disinfection Systems
9.3.2.1 All new construction or substantial alteration of the following increased risk aquatic venues shall be required to use a secondary disinfection system.
• Wading pools.
• Interactive water play venues.
• Other aquatic venues designed primarily for children under the age of 5.
• Therapy pools.
9.3.2.2 Secondary disinfection systems may be installed on other aquatic venues.
9.3.2.3 Secondary disinfection systems shall be listed and labeled to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities by an ANSI-accredited certification organization, and shall be installed and operated according to the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.3.2.4 Secondary disinfection systems shall be designed to achieve a minimum 3-log (99.9%) reduction in the number of infective Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts per pass through the secondary disinfection system at the maximum design flow rate. UV and ozone are currently recognized as secondary means of disinfection.
9.3.2.5 Ultraviolet Light
9.3.2.5.1 Operate with Recirculation System. UV systems shall only operate while the recirculation system is operating.
9.3.2.5.2 Response to Secondary Disinfection System
Operation. Any interruptions in secondary disinfection UV system operations that are caused by an interlock alarm or shutdown shall be evaluated as possible evidence for a low flow state of the aquatic venue pumps or system malfunction and shall prompt bather evacuation.
9.3.2.5.3 Log Inactivation. Secondary UV disinfection systems shall be operated and maintained not to exceed the maximum validated flow rate and meet or exceed the minimum validated output intensity needed to achieve the required dose.
9.3.2.5.4 Primary Sanitizer Levels. Germicidal UV systems shall be used only in conjunction with an EPA-registered sanitizer or electrolytic halogen generator in accordance with the chemical and equipment manufacturer’s instructions and specifications, and Sections 9.3.1 and 9.3.2.3.
9.3.2.5.5 Calibrated Sensors. UV sensors shall be calibrated at a frequency in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.3.2.5.6 Records. Records of calibration shall be maintained by the facility.
9.3.2.6 Ozone
9.3.2.6.1 Log Inactivation. Secondary ozone disinfection systems shall be operated and maintained according to the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications to maintain the required design performance.
9.3.2.6.2 Residual Ozone Concentration. When measuring, ozone concentrations in the air above the pool or spa shall not exceed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limits.
The ozone concentration in the air immediately above the surface of the pool or spa water shall also not exceed the STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit) of 0.3 ppm for any 15-minute period.
9.3.2.6.3 Primary Sanitizer Levels. Ozone shall only be used in conjunction with an EPA-registered sanitizer or electrolytic halogen generator in accordance with Sections 9.3.1 and 9.3.2.3.
9.3.2.6.4 Standard Operating Manual. A printed standard operating manual shall be provided, containing information on the operation and maintenance of the ozone generating equipment, including the responsibilities of workers in an emergency.
9.3.2.6.5 Employees Trained. All employees shall be properly trained in the operation and maintenance of the equipment.
9.3.2.6.6 Response to Secondary Disinfection System Operation. Any interruptions in secondary disinfection ozone system operations that are caused by an interlock alarm or shutdown shall be evaluated as possible evidence for a low flow state of the aquatic venue pumps or system malfunction and shall prompt bather evacuation.
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9.4 SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SYSTEMS
9.4.1 Supplemental treatment systems shall be listed and labeled to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities.
9.4.2 Secondary Disinfection Systems Used as Supplemental Systems. Secondary disinfection systems (such as ozone or UV) can also be considered supplemental systems if they are not required at the venue (as defined in Section 9.3.2.1) and their intent is to be used to enhance the primary sanitizer and improve water quality.
9.4.2.1. Metal-Based Systems
9.4.2.1.1 EPA Registered Sanitizer. Any system used shall incorporate an EPA-registered sanitizer. Follow the product manufacturer’s EPA-accepted label for use and/or operation requirements.
9.4.2.1.2 Electrolytic copper/silver and copper ion generation systems shall be certified to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities.
9.4.2.1.3 Free Available Chlorine and Bromine Levels. FAC or bromine levels shall be maintained in accordance with Section 9.3.1 of this standard.
9.4.3 Other Sanitizers or Chemicals. Other sanitizers or chemicals used shall:
• Be EPA-registered under FIFRA if they are pesticides as defined by EPA;
• Not create a hazardous condition;
• Be compatible with the primary sanitizer; and
• Not interfere with water quality measures meeting all criteria set forth in this standard.
9.4.3.1 Chlorine Dioxide. Chlorine dioxide shall only be used for remediation for water quality issues when the aquatic venue is closed, and bathers are not present.
9.4.3.1.1 Safety Considerations. Safety training and safety precautions related to use of chlorine dioxide shall be in place.
9.4.3.2 Clarifiers, Flocculants, Defoamers. Clarifiers, flocculants, and defoamers shall be used per manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.4.4 pH
9.4.4.1 pH Levels. The pH of the water shall be maintained at 7.2 to 7.8.
9.4.4.2 pH Adjustment. Substances for pH adjustment shall include but not be limited to muriatic (hydrochloric) acid, sodium bisulfate, carbon dioxide, sulfuric acid, sodium bicarbonate, and soda ash.
9.4.5 Feed Equipment
9.4.5.1 Chemical Delivery. Sanitizer and pH control chemicals shall be delivered either through a manually modulated chemical
system or through an automated chemical controller system as approved by the AHJ.
9.4.5.1.1 Dedicated and Labeled Components. All manually modulated and automated chemical controller system components, including but not limited to chemical containers, feed lines, pumps, and injection ports, must be dedicated to a single chemical and clearly labeled to prevent the introduction of incompatible chemicals.
9.4.5.1.2 Installed and Interlocked. Automated chemical controller system components shall be installed and interlocked so the chemical feeder cannot operate when the recirculation system is in low or no flow circumstances. For chemical feed systems that are operated manually, the feeders shall be rendered inoperative when there is no circulation to the piping.
9.4.5.1.2.1 Response to Alarm and Bather Evacuation. When the interlock is activated stopping flow from chemical feeders or the water recirculation pump is stopped manually or unexpectedly for any reason and duration, including power outages, all bathers shall be evacuated from the aquatic venue until manual evaluation of the cause for interlock activation or recirculation pump interruption is completed by the responsible supervisor or qualified operator.
9.4.5.1.2.2 Bather Re-Entry. Bathers shall not be permitted to reenter the aquatic venue until the responsible supervisor or qualified operator has successfully understood the cause of the interlock activation and/or recirculation pump interruption and has manually overridden the interlock for restart of the recirculation pump and chemical feeder, and UV or ozone system, if applicable, for 5 minutes following the restart of these systems.
9.4.5.1.3 Fail Proof Safety Features. Automated chemical feed system components shall incorporate failure-proof features, so the chemicals cannot feed directly into the aquatic venue, the venue piping system not associated with the recirculation system, source water supply system, or area within proximity of the aquatic venue deck under any type of failure, low flow, or interruption of operation of the equipment to prevent bather exposure to high concentrations of aquatic venue treatment chemicals.
9.4.5.1.4 Maintained. All manually modulated chemical and automated chemical controller equipment shall be maintained in good working condition and in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.4.5.1.4.1 Challenge Testing. The system and its components shall be tested on a regular basis to confirm that all safety features are functioning correctly.
9.4.5.1.4.1.1 Once Monthly or Specified by Manufacturer. Unless specified otherwise by the device manufacturer, once monthly challenge testing of the automated chemical controller interlock system shall be conducted by turning off recirculation pump flow to the chemical feeder and ensuring triggered shutoff of chemical feeder occurs via electrical interlock with
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flow meter/flow switch, paddle wheel, or other device being used to assess flow to chemical feeder.
9.4.5.1.4.1.2 Following Confirmation. Following confirmation of triggered shutoff, recirculation flow shall immediately be restarted.
9.4.5.1.4.2 Insufficient Size/Capacity. If it is determined that the automated chemical controller system is incapable of maintaining the minimum required sanitizer level at all times in accordance with this standard, additional capacity shall be designed and installed.
9.4.5.2 Chemical Feeders. Manually modulated chemical systems and automated chemical controller systems shall be installed such that they are not over chemical storage containers, other feeders, or electrical equipment.
9.4.5.3 Dry Chemical Feeders. Chemicals shall be kept dry to avoid clumping and potential feeder plugging for mechanical gate or rotating screw feeders. Dry chemical feeders shall only have chemicals added that are approved by the feeder manufacturer.
9.4.5.3.1 Cleaned and Lubricated. The feeder mechanism shall be maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications .
9.4.5.4 Venturi Inlet. Adequate pressure shall be maintained at the Venturi inlet to create the vacuum needed to draw the chemical into the recirculation system.
9.4.5.5 Erosion Feeders. Erosion feeders shall only have chemicals added that are approved by the manufacturer.
9.4.5.5.1 Opened. A feeder shall only be opened after the internal pressure is relieved by a bleed valve.
9.4.5.5.2 Maintained. Erosion feeders shall be maintained according to manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.4.5.6 Liquid Solution Feeders. For liquid solution feeders, spare feeder tubes (or tubing) shall be maintained onsite for peristaltic pumps.
9.4.5.7 Checked Daily. All chemical tubing, connections, support, and double containment piping shall be checked on a daily basis for leaks.
9.4.5.7.1 Routed. All chemical tubing that runs through areas where staff work shall be routed in PVC piping to support the tubing and to prevent leaks.
9.4.5.7.1.1 Size. The double containment PVC pipe shall be of sufficient size to allow for easy replacement of tubing.
9.4.5.7.1.2 Turns. Any necessary turns in the piping shall be designed so as to prevent kinking of the tubing.
9.4.5.8 Gas Feed Systems. The Chlorine Institute Pamphlet 82 requirements for safe storage and use of chlorine gas shall be followed.
9.4.5.9 Carbon Dioxide. Carbon dioxide feed shall be permitted to reduce pH.
9.4.5.9.1 Controlled. Carbon dioxide feed shall be controlled using a gas regulator.
9.4.5.9.2 Alarm Monitor. CO2 /O2 monitor and alarm shall be maintained in working condition.
9.4.5.9.3 Forced Ventilation. Carbon dioxide is heavier than air, so forced ventilation shall be maintained in the storage room.
9.4.6 Testing for Water Circulation and Quality
9.4.6.1 Water Quality Testing Devices Available. WQTDs for the measurement of sanitizer residual, pH, alkalinity, CYA (if used), and temperature, at a minimum, shall be available on site and shall be certified to NSF/ANSI/CAN 50-2019 Equipment and Chemicals for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other Recreational Water Facilities.
9.4.6.1.1 Expiration Dates. WQTDs utilizing reagents shall be checked for expiration at every use and the date recorded.
9.4.6.2 Store. WQTDs shall be stored in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.4.6.3 Temperature. Chemical testing reagents shall be maintained at proper manufacturer-specified temperatures.
9.4.6.4 Calibration. WQTDs that require calibration shall be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and specifications and the date of calibration recorded.
9.4.7 Automated Controllers and Equipment Monitoring
9.4.7.1 Use of Controller. When an automated chemical controller is used, it shall not be relied upon as a method for measuring the concentration of sanitizer in the water. As referenced in Section 9.4.5.1.2, the sanitizer residual shall be measured with chemical methods capable of detecting the specific sanitizer (e.g., DPD for free available chlorine) to ensure that the minimum level is maintained.
9.4.7.1.1 Interlocked. Automated chemical controller systems shall be interlocked per Section 9.4.5.1.2 of this standard.
9.4.7.2 Sampling. The sample line for all probes shall be upstream from all primary sanitizer, secondary disinfection system, and supplemental treatment system injection ports or devices.
9.4.7.3 Monitor. Automated chemical controllers shall be monitored in person by visual observation at the start of the operating day to ensure proper functioning.
9.4.7.4 Activities. Monitoring shall include activities recommended by manufacturers, including but not limited to alerts and leaks.
9.4.7.5 Replacement Parts. Only manufacturer-approved OEM replacement parts shall be used.
9.4.7.6 Calibration. Automated chemical controllers shall be calibrated per manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.4.7.7 Ozone System. When an ozone system is utilized as a secondary disinfection system, the system shall be monitored, and data recorded at a frequency consistent with Table 9.4.7.7.
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Table 9.4.7.7: Ozone System Monitoring Frequency
9.5 WATER SAMPLE COLLECTION AND TESTING
9.5.1 Sample Collection. The qualified operator shall ensure a water sample is acquired for testing from the in-line sample port when available as per Section 9.5 of this standard.
9.5.1.1 Same Volume. If an aquatic venue has more than one recirculation system, the same sample volume shall be collected from each in-line sample port and tested separately.
9.5.1.2 No Port. If no in-line sample port is available, the qualified operator shall ensure water samples from the aquatic venue are acquired according to Section 9.5.3 of this standard.
9.4.7.7.1 Other Testing. At the time the ozone generating equipment is installed, again after 24 hours of operation, and annually thereafter, the air space within 6 inches (152 mm) of the aquatic venue water shall be tested to determine compliance of less than 0.1 ppm (mg/L) gaseous ozone over an 8-hour Time Weighted Average. (See Ozone and OSHA webpage at https:// ozonesolutions.com/blog/osha-and-ozone/.)
9.4.7.7.2 Results. Results of the test shall be maintained on site for review by the AHJ.
9.4.7.8 UV Systems. When a UV system is utilized as a secondary disinfection system, the system shall be monitored, and data recorded at a frequency consistent with Table 9.4.7.8.
Table 9.4.7.8: UV System Monitoring and Calibration Frequency
9.5.2 Routine Samples. If routine samples are collected from in-line sample ports, the qualified operator shall also ensure water samples are acquired from the bulk water of the aquatic venue at least once per day.
9.5.2.1 Midday Collection. Daily bulk water samples shall be collected in the middle of the aquatic venue operational day, according to the procedures in Section 9.5.3 of this standard.
9.5.2.2 Compared. Water quality data from these aquatic venue samples shall be compared to data obtained from in-line port samples to assess potential water quality variability in the aquatic venue.
9.5.3 Bulk Water Sample. The qualified operator shall ensure the following procedure is used for acquiring a water sample from bulk water of the pool.
9.5.3.1 Obtain Sample. All samples shall be obtained from a location with the following qualities:
• At least 18 inches (457 mm) below the surface of the water; and
• A water depth of between 3 and 4 feet (914 mm and 1.2 m) when available; and
• A location between water inlets.
9.5.3.2 Rotate. Sampling locations shall rotate around the shallow end of the pool.
9.5.3.3 Deepest Area. The qualified operator shall ensure a sample includes a deep end sample from the aquatic venue in the water sampling rotation once per week.
9.5.4 Aquatic Venue Water Chemical Levels
9.5.4.1 The individual chemical ranges for calcium hardness, alkalinity, CYA, pH, and TDS should be adjusted to be within the acceptable range for balanced water as per ANSI/APSP/ICC-11 American National Standard for Water Quality in Public Pools and Spas Appendix A.
9.4.7.9 UV Alarm Testing and Maintenance. The automated UV shut-down alarm required shall be tested weekly and maintained as needed.
9.5.4.2 Total Alkalinity Levels. Total alkalinity shall be maintained in the range of 60 to 180 ppm (mg/L) as CaCO3.
9.5.4.3 Combined Chlorine (Chloramines). The owner shall ensure the aquatic facility takes action to reduce the level of combined chlorine (chloramines) in the water when the level exceeds 0.4 ppm (mg/L). Such actions may include but are not limited to:
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Parameter Monitoring Frequency Recording Frequency ORP Continuous Every 4 hours Control System Indicating Ozone Being Created Continuous Every 4 hours Operational Indicators in Range Continuous Every 4 hours Ozone Within 6 Inches (152 mm) of Aquatic Venue Water Surface Annual Annual
Parameter Monitoring Frequency Recording Frequency Flow Rate Monitoring Continuous Every 4 Hours Intensity Monitoring Continuous Every 4 Hours Water Temperature Monitoring (Medium Pressure) Continuous Daily Set Point for Intensity Monitoring Continuous Daily UV Lamp On/Off Cycle Monitoring Continuous Weekly (Total Cycles/Week) Iron, Calcium Hardness Monitoring Weekly Weekly Calibration of Ultraviolet Transmission (UVT) Analyzer Per Manufacturer’s Instructions and Specifications Weekly Calibration of Intensity Per Manufacturer’s Instructions and Specifications At Time of Calibration Calibration of Flow Meter Per Manufacturer’s Instructions and Specifications At Time of Calibration
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• Superchlorination;
• Water exchange; or
• Indoor aquatic venue air exchange.
9.5.4.4 Calcium Hardness. Calcium hardness should be maintained between a minimum of 150 and a maximum of 1000 ppm (mg/L) as CaCO3. In spas, calcium hardness should be maintained between a minimum of 100 and a maximum of 800 ppm as CaCO3.
9.5.4.5 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Total dissolved solids shall not exceed 1500 ppm above the concentration at start up. Start-up TDS includes source water TDS and any sodium chloride added.
9.5.5 Source (Fill) Water. The owner of a public aquatic venue, public spa, or special use aquatic venue shall ensure that the water supply for the facility meets one of the following requirements:
• The water comes from a public water system as defined by the applicable rules of the AHJ in which the facility is located; or
• The water meets the requirements of the local AHJ for public water systems; or
• The AHJ has approved an alternative water source for use in the aquatic facility.
9.5.6 Water Balance for Aquatic Venues. Aquatic venue water balance is suggested.
9.5.7 Water Temperature
9.5.7.1 Minimize Risk and Protect Safety. Water temperatures shall be considered and planned for based on risk, safety, priority facility usage, and age of participants, while managing water quality concerns.
9.5.7.2 Maximum Temperature. The maximum temperature for an aquatic venue is 104ºF (40°C).
9.6 WATER QUALITY CHEMICAL TESTING FREQUENCY
9.6.1 Chemical Levels. FAC, combined available chlorine (CAC), or total bromine (TB), and pH shall be measured at all aquatic venues prior to opening each day.
9.6.2 Manually Modulated Chemical System. For all aquatic venues using a manually modulated chemical system that delivers sanitizer and/or pH control chemicals via a flow through erosion feeder or metering pump without an automated controller, FAC or bromine and pH shall be tested prior to opening to the public, and every two hours while open to the public.
9.6.3 Automated Chemical Controller System. For all aquatic venues using an automated chemical controller system, FAC (or TB) and pH shall be tested prior to opening, and every four hours while open to the public.
9.6.4 In-Line ORP Readings. In-line ORP readings, if such systems are installed, shall be recorded at the same time the FAC (or TB) and pH tests are performed.
9.6.5 Total Alkalinity. Total Alkalinity (TA) shall be tested weekly in pools and daily in spas at all aquatic venues.
9.6.6 Calcium Hardness. Calcium hardness shall be tested every two weeks at all aquatic venues.
9.6.7 Cyanuric Acid. CYA shall be tested every two weeks in pools and every week in spas at all aquatic venues utilizing CYA.
9.6.7.1 Tested. CYA shall be tested 24 hours after the addition of CYA to the aquatic venue.
9.6.7.2 Stabilized Chlorine. If an aquatic venue utilizes stabilized chlorine as its primary sanitizer, the operator shall test CYA every two weeks.
9.6.8 Total Dissolved Solids. TDS shall be tested quarterly at all aquatic venues.
9.6.9 Water Temperature. For heated aquatic venues, water temperature shall be recorded at the same time the FAC (or TB) and pH tests are performed.
9.6.10 Salt. If in-line electrolytic chlorinators are used, salt levels shall be tested at least weekly or per manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
9.7 WATER CLARITY
The water in an aquatic venue shall be sufficiently clear such that the bottom is visible while the water is static. During all hours of operation, water clarity shall be sufficient to see a bather in distress at the bottom of the pool. Pool water shall be of a clarity to permit a Secchi or similar disc, main suction outlet (main drain), or tile marker located on the bottom of the pool at its deepest point, to be clearly visible and sharply defined from any point on the deck up to 30 feet (9.1 m) away in a direct line of sight from the disc or main drain. The spa test shall be performed when the water is in a non-turbulent state and bubbles have been allowed to dissipate.
9.7.1 Observation. To make this observation, a 4-inch by 4-inch square (10.2 cm X 10.2 cm) marker tile in a contrasting color to the pool floor or main suction outlet shall be located at the deepest part of the pool.
9.7.2 Pools Over Ten Feet Deep. For pools over 10 feet (3.0 m) deep, an 8-inch by 8-inch square (20.3 X 20.3 cm) marker tile in a contrasting color to the pool floor or main suction outlet shall be located at the deepest part of the pool.
9.7.3 No Marker Tile. In the absence of a marker tile or suction outlet, an alternate means of achieving the goal of observing the bottom of the pool may be permitted.
9.7.4 Documentation. Water clarity shall be documented each morning during “opening” water tests with no swimmers in the water.
10 DECKS AND EQUIPMENT
10.1 SPECTATOR AREAS
10.1.1 Cross-Connection Control
10.1.1.1 Deck Drains. When deck drains are connected to a sanitary sewer, the cross-connection device(s) shall be in good working order.
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10.1.2 Materials/Slip Resistance
10.1.2.1 Clean and Good Repair. Surfaces shall be clean and in good repair.
10.1.2.2 Finish and Profiles. The finish and profile of deck surfaces shall be maintained to minimize slip, trip, and fall hazards.
10.1.2.3 Cracks. Cracks in the interactive water play aquatic venue shall be repaired when they may be a potential for leakage, present a tripping hazard, a potential cause of lacerations, or impact the ability to properly clean and maintain the interactive water play aquatic venue area.
10.1.2.4 Deteriorated or Loose Decking Materials. Surfaces shall be repaired when they present a tripping hazard, a potential cause of lacerations, or impact the ability to properly clean and maintain the interactive water play aquatic venue area.
10.1.2.5 Tripping Hazards. Tripping hazards shall be avoided.
10.1.2.5.1 Protect. If tripping hazards are present, a means shall be provided to warn and protect patrons and employees.
10.1.3 Deck Size/Width. The perimeter deck shall be maintained clear of obstructions for at least a 4-foot (1.2 m) width around the entire pool unless otherwise allowed by this standard. Spas shall have at least 50% unobstructed deck. When the pool perimeter is obstructed by an attraction, device, diving equipment, or other such play element, a 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck area must be provided at the entrance area of said device.
10.1.3.1 Class A Competition Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 90% of the pool perimeter, not including obstructions from competition equipment. On sides where equipment such as starting blocks are installed, pools shall have at least 4 feet (1.2 m) of unobstructed deck beyond the end of the starting blocks or deck equipment.
10.1.3.2 Class B Public Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 90% of the pool perimeter.
10.1.3.3 Class C Semi-Public Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 90% of the pool perimeter.
10.1.3.4 Class D1 Wave Action Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around the pool perimeter, except where areas are blocked from access, including but not limited to permanent landscaping, structures, and emergency access areas.
10.1.3.5 Class D2 Activity Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 90% of the pool perimeter.
10.1.3.6 Class D3 Catch Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 50% of the pool perimeter.
10.1.3.7 Class D4 Leisure River. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around pool at all designated pedestrian access areas, except where areas are blocked from access,
including but not limited to permanent landscaping or structures or emergency access areas.
10.1.3.8 Class D5 Vortex Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around pool perimeter, except where areas are blocked from access by permanent landscaping, structures, or emergency access areas.
10.1.3.9 Class D6 Sand Bottom Pool. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 90% of the pool perimeter.
10.1.3.10 Class D7 Interactive Play Attraction. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around no less than 90% of the pool perimeter.
10.1.3.11 Class D8 Amusement Park Attraction. A 4-foot (1.2 m) unobstructed deck shall be provided around the attraction entrance and exits.
10.2 DIVING BOARDS AND PLATFORMS
10.2.1 Diving boards and platforms shall be maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications and as originally approved by the AHJ.
10.3 STARTING PLATFORMS
10.3.1 Competitive Training and Competition. Starting platforms shall only be used for competitive swimming and training.
10.3.1.1 Supervision. Starting platforms shall only be used under the direct supervision of a coach or instructor.
10.3.1.2 Removed or Restricted. Starting platforms shall be removed, if possible, or prohibited from use during all recreational or non-competitive swimming activity by covering platforms with a manufacturer-supplied platform cover, direct supervision, or with another means or device that is readily visible and clearly prohibits use.
10.3.1.3 Movable Floors. When starting platforms are used on facilities with movable floors, the floors shall be at a compliant depth and in conformance with the governing competitive rules and regulations. Appropriate depths shall be posted.
10.4 POOL SLIDES
10.4.1 Slide, Slide Catch Pool, and Run Out Lane. Slide, slide catch pool, and run out lane envelopes shall be in accordance with the ASTM F2376-17a Standard Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture, Construction, and Operation of Water Slide Systems, and in accordance with the equipment manufacturer’s instructions and specifications. Each owner/operator shall have written operating procedures for the individual water slide, which are an integral part of their staff-training program.
10.5 LIFEGUARD AND SAFETY-RELATED EQUIPMENT
10.5.1 Equipment Inspection and Maintenance. Aquatic facilities shall not be open to users unless the equipment is present, properly positioned, and in a safe and working condition.
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10.5.2 Safety Equipment Required at All Aquatic Venues
10.5.2.1 Emergency Communication Equipment
10.5.2.1.1 Functioning Communication Equipment. The aquatic venue shall have equipment for staff to communicate in cases of emergency.
10.5.2.1.2 Hard-Wired Telephone for 911 Call. The aquatic venue or each aquatic venue, as necessary, shall have a functional telephone or other communication system or device that is hardwired and capable of directly dialing 911 or function as the emergency notification system.
10.5.2.1.3 Conspicuous and Easily Accessible. The telephone or communication system or device shall be conspicuously provided and accessible to aquatic venue users such that it can be reached immediately.
10.5.2.1.4 Alternate Communication Systems. Alternate functional systems, devices, or communication processes are allowed with AHJ approval in situations when a hardwired telephone is not logistically sound, and an alternate means of communication is available.
10.5.2.2 First Aid Equipment
10.5.2.2.1 Location for First Aid. The aquatic venue shall have designated locations for emergency and first aid equipment.
10.5.2.2.2 First Aid Supplies. An adequate supply of first aid supplies shall be continuously stocked and include, at a minimum, as follows:
• A First Aid Guide,
• Absorbent compress,
• Adhesive bandages,
• Adhesive tape,
• Sterile pads,
• AED (defibrillator),
• Disposable gloves,
• Scissors,
• Elastic wrap,
• Emergency blanket,
• Resuscitation mask with one-way valve, and
• Blood borne pathogen spill kit.
10.5.2.3 Signage
10.5.2.3.1 Signage Locations and Quantity. Signage shall be visible from each point of entry into the aquatic venue and be in accordance with Section 6.3.2.
10.5.2.3.2 Sign Indicating First Aid Location. Signage shall be provided at the aquatic facility or each aquatic venue, as necessary, which clearly identifies the following:
• First aid location(s), and
• Emergency telephone(s) or approved communication system or device.
10.5.2.3.3 Emergency Dialing Instructions. A permanent sign providing emergency dialing directions and the aquatic venue address shall be posted and maintained at the emergency telephone, system, or device.
10.5.2.3.4 Management Contact Info. A permanent sign shall be conspicuously posted and maintained displaying contact information for emergency personnel and aquatic venue management.
10.5.2.3.5 Hours of Operation. A sign shall be posted stating the following:
• The operating hours of the aquatic venue, and
• Unauthorized use of the aquatic venue outside of these hours is prohibited.
10.5.3 Safety Equipment Required at Facilities with Lifeguards
10.5.3.1 UV Protection for Chairs and Stands. For outdoor aquatic venues, lifeguards and lifeguard positions must be provided protection from UV radiation exposure.
10.5.3.2 Backboard. At least one backboard constructed of material easily sanitized/disinfected shall be provided.
10.5.3.3 Back Board Number and Location. The number and location of backboards shall be sufficient to affect a 2-minute response time to the location of the incident.
10.5.3.4 Backboard Components. The backboard shall be equipped with a head immobilizer and sufficient straps to immobilize a person to the backboard.
10.5.3.5 Rescue Tube Immediately Available. Each qualified lifeguard conducting patron surveillance with the responsibility of in-water rescue in less than 3 feet (914 mm) of water shall have a rescue tube immediately available for use.
10.5.3.6 Rescue Tube on Person. Each qualified lifeguard conducting patron surveillance in a water depth of 3 feet (914 mm) or greater shall have a rescue tube on his/her person in a rescueready position.
10.5.3.7 Identifying Uniform. Qualified lifeguards shall wear attire that readily identifies them as members of the aquatic venue’s lifeguard staff.
10.5.3.8 Signal Device. A whistle or other signaling device shall be worn by each qualified lifeguard conducting patron surveillance for communicating to users and/or staff.
10.5.3.9 Sun Blocking Methods. All outdoor aquatic venues where qualified lifeguards can be exposed to UV radiation shall train lifeguards about the use of protective clothing, hats, sun-blocking umbrellas, and sunscreen application and reapplication using or exceeding SPF 15 to protect exposed skin areas.
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10.5.3.9.1 Lifeguards Responsible. Qualified lifeguards are responsible for protecting themselves from UV radiation exposure and wearing appropriate sunglasses and sunscreen.
10.5.3.10 Polarized Sunglasses. When glare impacts the ability to see below the water’s surface, qualified lifeguards shall wear polarized sunglasses while conducting bather surveillance.
10.5.3.11 Personal Protective Equipment. Personal protective devices including a resuscitation mask with one-way valve and non-latex, non-powdered, one-use disposable gloves shall be worn in the form of a hip pack or attached to the rescue tube of all qualified lifeguards.
10.5.3.12 Rescue Throwing Device. Aquatic venues shall provide and maintain a U.S. Coast Guard-approved aquatic rescue throwing device as per the specifications of Section 10.5.4.1 of this standard.
10.5.3.13 Reaching Pole. Aquatic venues shall provide and maintain a reaching pole as per the specifications of Section 10.5.4.2 of this standard.
10.5.4 Safety Equipment and Signage Required at Facilities without Lifeguards
10.5.4.1 Throwing Device. Aquatic venues whose depth exceeds 2 feet (610 mm) of standing water shall provide and maintain a U.S. Coast Guard-approved aquatic rescue throwing device, with at least a 1/4 inch (6.3 mm) thick rope whose length is 50 feet (15.2 m) or 1.5 times the width of the pool, whichever is less. The throw rope shall include a lemon-foot (float for handling) at the end of the rope.
10.5.4.1.1 Throwing Device Location. The rescue throwing device shall be located in the immediate vicinity to the aquatic venue and be visible and accessible to bathers and other patrons.
10.5.4.2 Reaching Pole. Aquatic venues whose depth exceeds 2 feet (610 mm) of standing water shall provide and maintain a reaching pole of 12 feet (3.7 m) to 16 feet (4.9 m) in length, nontelescopic, light in weight, and with a securely attached shepherd's crook with an aperture of at least 18 inches (457 mm)
10.5.4.2.1 Reaching Pole Location. The reaching pole shall be located within the aquatic venue and be readily visible, accessible, and installed no more than 60 inches (1.5 m) above the finished floor.
10.5.4.2.2 Non-Conductive Material. Reaching poles provided by the aquatic facility after the adoption date of this standard shall be of non-conductive material.
10.5.4.3 CPR Posters. CPR posters that are up to date with latest CPR programs and protocols shall be posted conspicuously at all times.
10.5.4.4 Management Contact Sign. A sign shall be posted identifying the aquatic facility management with a contact phone number.
10.5.4.5 Additional Signage. For all aquatic venues, except for Class D-6 Interactive Play Attraction, a sign shall be posted signifying a qualified lifeguard is not on duty and that the following rules apply:
• Persons under the age of 14 shall not be in the aquatic venue without direct supervision of a water safe adult and shall be in view at all times.
• Youth and childcare groups, training, lifeguard courses, and swim lessons are not allowed without a qualified lifeguard providing patron surveillance.
10.6 BARRIERS AND ENCLOSURES
10.6.1 General Requirements. All required barriers and enclosures shall be maintained to prevent unauthorized entry to the protected space.
10.6.2 Gates and Doors
10.6.2.1 Self-Closing and Latching. All public access gates or doors serving as part of an enclosure shall have functional selfclosing and self-latching closures unless the gate or door meets one or more of the following exceptions.
Exceptions
10.6.2.1.1 Maintenance. Gates or doors used solely for maintenance shall remain locked at all times when not in use by staff.
10.6.2.1.2 Propping Open. Required self-closing and self-latching gates or doors serving as part of a guarded enclosure may be maintained in the open position when the aquatic venue is open and staffed as required.
11 FILTER/EQUIPMENT ROOM
11.1 CHEMICAL STORAGE
11.1.1 Local Codes. Chemical storage shall be in compliance with local building and fire codes.
11.1.2 OSHA and EPA. Chemical handling shall be in compliance with manufacturer’s instructions and specifications, OSHA, EPA, and all state and local regulations.
11.1.3 Safety Data Sheets. For each chemical, an SDS sheet shall be stored onsite, and the storage, handling, and use of the chemical shall be in compliance with the manufacturer’s SDS and labels.
11.1.4 Access Prevention. Aquatic venue chemicals shall be stored to prevent access by unauthorized individuals in accordance with the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC).
11.1.5 Protected. Aquatic venue chemicals shall be stored so that they are protected from moisture.
11.1.6 No Mixing. Aquatic venue chemicals shall be stored so that if the packages were to leak, no mixing of incompatible materials would occur.
11.1.6.1 Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Consulted. SDS shall be consulted for incompatibilities.
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11.1.7 Fuel and Ignitable Sources. Possible ignitable sources, including but not limited to gasoline, diesel, natural or propane gas, or gas-powered equipment such as lawn mowers, grills, pool heaters, or portable stoves shall not be stored or installed in the chemical storage space.
11.1.8 Smoking, Eating, Drinking. Smoking, eating, and drinking shall be prohibited in the chemical storage space.
11.1.9 Lighting. Lighting shall be sufficient to allow operators to read labels on containers and perform maintenance throughout the chemical storage space and pump room.
11.1.10 Personal Protective Equipment. PPE shall be available as indicated on the chemical SDSs.
11.1.11 Storage. Chemicals shall be stored away from direct sunlight, temperature extremes, and high humidity.
11.1.12 Separate Storage Area. The aquatic venue chemical storage space shall be separate from the equipment room, or as approved by the AHJ.
11.1.12.1 Other Storage. Aquatic venue equipment rooms and chemical storage spaces shall not be used for the storage of materials that are not associated with the aquatic venue equipment or chemicals used to maintain such aquatic venues.
11.1.13 Hazard Identification Signs. Visible hazard identification signs in compliance with the International Fire Code, NFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, 2017 Edition or the U.S. Hazardous Material Identification System (HMIS) ratings shall be posted on chemical storage space doors, stationary containers, and aboveground tanks.
11.2 CHEMICAL HANDLING
11.2.1 Identity. Containers of chemicals shall be labeled, tagged, or marked with the identity of the material and a statement of the hazardous effects of the chemical according to OSHA and/or EPA materials labeling requirements. Safety data sheets (SDS) need to be readily available.
11.2.1.1 Labeling. All aquatic venue chemical containers shall be labeled according to OSHA and/or EPA materials labeling requirements.
11.2.2 Dosage Instruments/Measuring Devices/Scoops/Cups. Chemicals shall be measured using a dedicated measuring device where applicable.
11.2.2.1 Clean and Dry. These measuring devices shall be clean, dry, and constructed of material compatible with the chemical to be measured to prevent the introduction of incompatible chemicals. When measuring chemicals to be dispensed, strict adherence to manufacturer’s instructions and specifications of the proper method and instruments shall be used.
11.2.3 Chemical Addition Methods
11.2.3.1 Automatic or Manual Addition. Sanitizer and pH control chemicals shall be manually added to the aquatic venue or automatically introduced through the recirculation system.
11.2.3.1.1 Manual Addition of Chemicals. Superchlorination or shock chemicals and other pool chemicals may be added manually to the aquatic venue.
11.2.3.1.2 Absence of Bathers. Chemicals added manually directly into the aquatic venue shall only be introduced in the absence of bathers within the particular pool or venue.
11.2.3.1.3 Any aquatic venue that temporarily does not meet safety requirements will be closed for use and signage reasonably posted to deter and/or warn patrons upon entry.
11.2.3.2 Safety Requirements. Treatment chemicals shall be added in strict adherence to the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications to ensure levels in the water are safe for human exposure.
11.2.3.2.1 Diluted. Whenever required by the manufacturer, chemicals shall be diluted (or mixed with water) prior to application and as per the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
11.2.3.2.2 Added. Chemicals shall be added to water when diluting as opposed to adding water to a concentrated chemical.
11.2.3.2.3 Mixed. Each chemical shall be mixed in a separate, labeled container.
11.2.3.2.4 Never Mixed Together. Two or more chemicals shall never be mixed in the same dilution water.
12 HYGIENE FACILITIES
12.1 PLUMBING FIXTURE REQUIREMENTS
12.1.1 General Requirements
12.1.1.1 Cleaned and Sanitized. Hygiene facility fixtures, dressing area fixtures, and furniture shall be cleaned and sanitized with an EPA-registered product to provide a clean and sanitary environment as needed.
12.1.1.2 Mold and Mildew. Hygiene facility floors, walls, and ceilings shall be kept clean and free of visible mold and mildew.
12.1.1.3 Hand Wash Lavatory. Hand wash lavatories shall include the following items:
• Hand wash sink;
• Adjacent soap with dispenser;
• Hand drying device or paper towels and dispenser;
• Trash receptacle; and
• Cold or tempered water.
12.1.2 Cleansing Showers
12.1.2.1 Cleaned and Sanitized. Cleansing showers shall be cleaned and sanitized with an EPA-registered product to provide a clean and sanitary environment as needed.
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12.1.3 Rinse Showers
12.1.3.1 Cleaned. Rinse showers shall be maintained to provide a clean environment as needed.
12.1.3.2 Easy Access. Rinse showers shall be easily accessible and not blocked.
12.1.3.3 No Soap. Soap dispensers and soap shall be prohibited at rinse showers.
12.1.4 Indoor Sanitary Showers
12.1.4.1 Soap. Soap dispensers and soap shall be provided at indoor cleansing showers.
12.1.5 Diaper Changing Stations. Diaper changing stations shall be provided and will meet the following criteria:
12.1.5.1 Hand Wash Sink Installed and Operational. The adjacent hand wash sink shall be installed and operational.
12.1.5.2 Cleaned. Diaper changing stations shall be cleaned and disinfected to provide a clean and sanitary environment.
12.1.5.3 Maintained. They shall be maintained in good condition and free of visible contamination.
12.1.5.4 Disinfectant. EPA-registered disinfectant shall be provided in the form of either of the following:
• A solution in a spray dispenser with paper towels and dispenser; or
• Wipes contained within a dispenser.
12.1.5.5 Covers. If disposable diaper changing unit covers are provided in addition to disinfectant, they shall cover the diaper changing unit surface during use and keep the unit in clean condition.
12.1.5.6 Portable Hand Wash Station. If a portable hand wash station is provided for use, it shall be operational and maintained in good condition at all times.
12.1.6 Non-Plumbing Fixture Requirements
12.1.6.1 Paper Towels. If paper towels are used for hand drying, a dispenser and paper towels shall be provided for use at hand wash stations.
12.1.6.2 Soap. Soap dispensers shall be provided at hand wash stations and lavatories and cleansing showers shall be maintained with liquid or granular soap as needed.
12.1.6.2.1 Bar Soap. Bar soap shall be prohibited.
12.1.6.3 Trash. A minimum of one hands-free trash receptacle shall be provided in areas adjacent to hand washing sinks.
12.1.6.3.1 Trash Emptying. Trash receptacles shall be checked daily and emptied as needed to provide a clean and sanitary environment.
12.1.6.4 Floor Coverings. Non-permanent floor coverings (including but not limited to mats and racks) shall be removable and maintained in accordance with Section 12.1.1 of this standard.
12.1.6.4.1 Wood. Wooden racks, duckboards, and wooden mats shall be prohibited on hygiene facility and dressing area flooring.
12.1.7 Sharps
12.1.7.1 Biohazard Action Plan. A biohazard action plan shall also be on file, as required by local, state or federal regulations and as part of the aquatic facility safety plan.
12.1.7.2 Disposed. Sharps within approved containers shall be disposed of as needed by the aquatic facility in accordance with local, state, or federal regulations.
12.2 PROVISION OF SUITS, TOWELS, AND SHARED EQUIPMENT
12.2.1 Towels. If towels are provided by the aquatic facility, they shall be washed with detergent in warm water, rinsed, and thoroughly dried at the warmest temperature listed on the fabric label after each use.
12.2.2 Attire. If swimsuits or other attire are provided by the aquatic facility, they shall be washed in accordance with the fabric label or manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
12.2.3 Receptacles. When towels or attire are provided by the aquatic facility, cross-contamination of clean and used articles shall be prevented by the use of separate receptacles for clean and used articles, which shall be permanently marked for their intended use. The receptacles shall be non-absorbent and easily cleanable.
12.2.4 Shared Equipment Cleaned and Sanitized. Equipment provided by the aquatic facility that comes into contact with bather’s eyes, nose, ears, and mouth (including but not limited to snorkels, nose clips, and goggles) shall be cleaned, sanitized between uses, and stored in a manner to prevent biological growth.
12.2.5 Other Equipment. Other shared equipment provided by the aquatic facility, including but not limited to fins, kickboards, tubes, lifejackets, and noodles, shall be kept clean and stored in a manner to prevent mold and other biological growth.
12.2.6 Good Repair. Shared equipment shall be maintained in good repair.
12.2.7 Used Equipment. Used and unsanitized shared equipment shall be kept separate from cleaned and sanitized shared equipment.
12.2.7.1 Receptacles. Non-absorbent, easily cleanable receptacles shall be provided for collection of used shared equipment.
13 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC AQUATIC VENUES
13.1 SPAS
13.1.1 Required Operation Time. Spa filtration systems shall be operated at least 2 hours before opening, continuously during hours of operation, and at least 2 hours after closing, or as required to maintain proper water quality parameters as described within this standard.
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13.1.2 Drainage and Replacement. Spas shall be drained, cleaned, scrubbed, and water replaced when either Section 13.1.2.1 or 13.1.2.2 is met.
13.1.2.1 Measured TDS. Spa water shall be drained and replaced when the TDS increases to 1,500 ppm above the start-up water TDS.
13.1.2.2 Water Replacement Interval. The Water Replacement Interval (WRI) is less than or equal to the number of days since the last time the water was drained. To determine spa Water Replacement Interval (in days), divide the spa volume (in gallons) by three and then divide by the average number of users per day since the last water change.
13.1.3 Scrubbed. Spa surfaces, including interior of skimmers, shall be scrubbed or wiped down, and all water drained prior to refill.
13.2 WATERSLIDES AND LANDING POOLS
13.2.1 Signage. Warning signs shall be posted in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and specifications as well as local or other requirements.
13.2.2 Operation. Waterslide and landing pools shall be operated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and specifications as well as local code or other requirements.
13.3 WAVE POOLS
13.3.1 Life Jackets. U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jackets that are properly sized and fitted shall be provided free of charge and shall be available at, or adjacent to, the aquatic venue.
13.4 MOVABLE FLOORS
13.4.1 Diving Boards. When a moveable floor is installed into a diving pool, diving shall be prohibited unless the moveable floor is positioned to meet or exceed the minimum 12-foot (3.7 m) water depth for 1 meter diving. Diving area depth shall meet the criteria set in Section 7.1 of this standard. The true floor depth shall be displayed at all times as required by the AHJ.
13.4.2 Moveable Floor Operation. The moveable floor shall be operated and maintained per the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications.
13.5 BULKHEADS
13.5.1 Open Area. If a bulkhead is operated with an open area underneath, no one shall be allowed to swim beneath the bulkhead. Safety signage shall be provided on the bulkhead, in letters in accordance with the ANSI Z535.5-2011 (R2017) American National Standard for Product Safety Signs and Labels, at a size of at least 4 inches (102 mm) high, which states, “DANGER! DO NOT SWIM UNDER BULKHEAD.” The bulkhead shall be operated and positioned in conformance with the manufacturer’s instructions and specifications, so as to not create an entrapment hazard.
13.5.2 Bulkhead Travel. The bulkhead position shall be maintained such that it cannot encroach on any required clearances of other features such as diving boards, unless special use requires these features to be rendered inoperable.
13.6 INTERACTIVE WATER PLAY AQUATIC VENUES
13.6.1 Cracks. Cracks in the interactive water play aquatic venue shall be repaired when they may be a potential cause for leakage, present a tripping hazard, be a potential cause of lacerations, or impact the ability to properly clean and maintain the interactive water play aquatic venue area.
13.6.2 Cleaning. When cleaning the interactive water play aquatic venue, contaminants shall be removed or washed to the sanitary sewer.
13.6.2.1 No Sanitary Sewer Drain Available. If no sanitary sewer drain is available, then debris shall be washed/rinsed to the nearest deck drain or removed in a manner that prevents contaminants from reentering the interactive water play aquatic venue.
13.6.3 Deteriorated or Loose Decking Materials. Surfaces shall be repaired if they present a tripping hazard, are a potential cause of injuries, or impact the ability to properly clean and maintain the interactive water play aquatic venue area.
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2111 Eisenhower Avenue Alexandria VA 22314-4695 703.838.0083 memberservices@PHTA.org | PHTA.org ANSI/PHTA/ICC-2 2023 Approved February 10, 2023 American National Standard for Public Pool and Spa Operations and Maintenance Familiarity with PHTA’s ANSI-approved American National Standards is essential for anyone who builds, manufactures, sells, or services pools, spas or hot tubs. 5272ND Copyright2023bythePoolandHotTub Alliance.Allrights reserved.
