The Pitt News
Barry Goldwater Jr. visits Pitt online
The independent student newspaper of the University of Pittsburgh | PIttnews.com | November 16, 2017 | Volume 108 | Issue 70
RISE AGAINST HUNGER
student arrested in hillman
Janine Faust
Assistant News Editor Pitt police charged a student with obstructing administration of law or other government function and tampering with evidence at Hillman Library Tuesday night, according to University spokesperson Joe Miksch. Miksch said officers were investigating suspicious activity on a computer on the first floor of the library when Derek Jones, a student majoring in anthropology, history and religious studies, walked by and unplugged the computer in an alleged attempt to compromise the investigation. Lane Ward, a senior at Pitt majoring in history and neuroscience, was locking up his bike outside Hillman around the time of the incident, and said he saw Jones being led out of the building by First-year nursing student Ava Rinderknect pours dehydrated rice, soy and vegetables into a bag during an event what appeared to be two officers and one security for Rise Against Hunger. Chiara Rigaud | STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER guard into the back of a police SUV. Afterward, Ward said he entered the first floor of the library and saw several officers huddled around a computer and speaking with an employee at the help desk before making a phone of Sustainability, Dixon — a documentary film- surrounded by petrochemical plants. Remy Samuels call. Ward said this was at about 6:45 p.m. Dixon spoke in particular about the dangers maker, environmental activist and public speakStaff Writer “They mentioned something about a girl er— spoke about companies such as Shell to an of the ethane cracker plant currently being built finding something on the computer that was When Mark Dixon found out Shell Oil Comaudience of about 40 people in the William Pitt in Beaver County, 40 minutes northwest of Pitts- threatening, and that they needed to look on the pany planned to build a petrochemical plant in Union Assembly Room Wednesday night. Dur- burgh by car. Shell promises this $6 billion plastics hard drive,” Ward said. nearby Beaver County, he immediately thought ing the event, titled “Is Pittsburgh the new cancer manufacturing plant will create 600 permanent An employee at the first floor help desk, who of the pollution and environmental devastation alley?” Dixon provided solutions to prevent Pitts- jobs and significantly boost the economy. requested to remain anonymous, said the police that would soon take place there. At the beginning of his presentation, Dixon took the computer that night to conduct further burgh from becoming the next Cancer Alley — a “It really pissed me off,” Dixon said. See Consequence on page 2 investigations. highly polluted area along the Mississippi River In an event sponsored by the Student Office
Activist warns of cracker plant consequences
News
Correction: In an article published Nov. 15 titled, “Students stage sit-in,” The Pitt News reported the United Students Against Sweatshops would participate in an “occupation” of Towers patio. The United Students Against Sweatshops said it isn’t participating in an “occupation,” but was planning on participating in a “speak-out rally.” The group has since decided to remove its affiliation from the rally. The Pitt News regrets this error.
Senate council takes issue with proposed federal tax bill Mark Dixon discusses the hazards of an ethane cracker plant close to Pittsburgh in the WPU Assembly Room Wednesday evening. Issi Glatts | STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER
Consequence, pg. 1 Chancellor Patrick Gallagher said he disapproves of the possibility of a new federal tax bill at Wednesday’s Senate Council meeting. Christian Snyder | CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
Brian Salvato For The Pitt News The Senate Council started off with heartfelt “goodbyes” to Provost Patricia Beeson, whose hard work Chancellor Patrick Gallagher and other Senate Council members praised. “Her role for the University and for me has been tremendous,” Chancellor Gallagher said. “This will be a year-long celebration of Patty and her achievements[...] It also will kick off a search for a worthy successor.” But the discussion quickly shifted — the University Senate Council spent nearly half of its hour-long meeting on Wednesday discussing concerns over the possibility of a new federal tax bill and its implications. Eight council members gave reports during the meeting and four of those reports included statements regarding the tax bill — including Gallagher, Senate Council President Frank Wilson, graduate student representative Amber
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Griffith and Student Government Board President Max Kneis. The Republican house tax bill — released Nov. 2 — signals a large shift in U.S. tax policy. The bill reduces the corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 20 percent and increases the government deficit by about $1.5 trillion. It also almost doubles the standard tax deduction — a deduction based on a person’s filing status, such as whether a person is married or single. But Gallagher said this change comes with a caveat — deductions would disappear for families with multiple children, students in college, nonprofit organizations and for companies that donate to charities and educational institutions. “It’s hard for me to imagine a more negative bill,” Gallagher said. “It’s comprehensively bad for higher ed.” Gallagher said the bill would also cut philanthropy nationally by 30 to 50 percent, which could adversely affect the See Senate on page 5
disclaimed to the audience that he is at liberty to speak his mind because he is not representing any company or any other individuals. He also said he has a responsibility to tell the truth. “Nobody can tell me what to say. Nobody can tell me what not to say,” Dixon said. “But I’m not a total loose cannon. While I’m not beholden to anyone, I am beholden to the truth and the community.” For his new documentary titled “Inversion: The Unfinished Business of Pittsburgh’s Air,” Dixon said he initially investigated the frontline community in Beaver County to get first-person opinions on the plant being built in the region. But he found that it was difficult to encourage residents to be the face of resistance for the plant because they are constantly being fed information from Shell through pamphlets and postcards, which only depict the positive aspects of the plant. Shell argued that they will be a “good neighbor” and that the plant will boost the economy. “The primary news source in Beaver County is Shell,” Dixon said. “[Beaver County residents] don’t have the sense of alarm that a little extra research would trigger in them.” Dixon said the petrochemical facility will add significant amounts of volatile organic compounds to Southwestern Pennsylvania’s already polluted air. Pennsylvania’s Department of Environmental Protection granted Shell permission to emit 3.4 times more VOCs with the cracker
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plant than U.S. Steel’s Clairton Coke Works — which is the largest manufacturing facility in the United States for coke, or fuel made from coal that has a high carbon content. Dixon also said a lot of responsibility lies in the hands of local politicians. He criticized Sen. Bob Casey, D-Pa., and Allegheny County Executive Rich Fitzgerald for agreeing with the Paris Agreement — a plan to avoid climate change and keep the global average temperature below two degrees Celsius — while also supporting the ethane cracker plant. Dixon called this “inappropriate.” “Our local politicians don’t think they have jurisdiction,” Dixon said. “They won’t speak out until we make it politically unfeasible for them to speak out. The more people bug them about it the better.” Because of President Donald Trump’s recent visit to China, where he signed a Memorandum of Understanding, or an MOU, with China Energy Investment Corp. to invest in a 20-year shale gas and chemical project in West Virginia, Dixon said the Southwestern Pennsylvania region is now the next big front in global climate change — $80 to $90 billion big. “You can’t be a full human and work in this industry,” Dixon said. “That’s my opinion.” But Dixon does have hope for the future and explained the contents of his three-pronged strategy — advocating for a ban on fracking, arguing against permits for pipelines and getting outside help. See Consequence on page 5
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Opinions from the editorial board
column
ACLU threatens Harris with First Amendment lawsuit
Off-year election marks desire for criminal justice reform
Pittsburgh City Councilwoman Darlene Harris somehow manages to regularly get herself into the petty types of quarrels that make Buzzfeed headlines — in April last year, she made local headlines when she got into a verbal altercation with a bicyclist. She took up bike lanes as a major aspect of her platform — always arguing against them, even though public safety is “very important” to her. And in response to online criticism of her blatant harassment of a cyclist, she blocked three constituents on Facebook. She later blocked another man who said she was “uninterested in development or change,” — and a current lawsuit alleges blocking constituents is unconstitutional under the First Amendment. According to a letter written Tuesday by the American Civil Liberties Union’s Director Vic Walczak — and obtained by the Tribune-Review — Harris has until Dec. 4 to unblock the residents. If the men aren’t unblocked by the deadline, the ACLU “will take appropriate steps to protect [their] clients’ constitutional rights.” And the ACLU may be right. Since the laws regarding public communications weren’t written in the digital age, much of this controversy exists in a legal gray area. But despite this ambiguity, Harris violated her constituents’ constitutional rights by blocking them on a clearly professional account — and if she wants to avoid a lawsuit she would probably lose, she might be smart to listen to ACLU. Across the nation, courts face cases like Harris’ — and the trend seems to be in favor of blocked constituents. A Virginia district court decided a county
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chairperson had to unblock her constituents in July, despite the fact her Facebook was not operated using government funds or on government time. In Harris’ case, it’s clear the Facebook account in question is regularly used in a governmental, professional capacity. Her timeline is a miniature town hall, where constituents post to her page to notify her of problems in the North Side — by blocking constituents from this page, she’s limiting one of their primary methods of contacting her. Sometimes she redirects inquiries to her public email account, but when she does respond, it’s detailed. “THERE IS ‘NO’ REASON FOR PITTSBURGH TO BE IN ‘ACT 47’ AGAIN EVEN THE ACT 47 MEMBERS GAVE TESTIMONY THAT PITTSBURGH NEED NOT BE IN ACT 47 ANY LONGER,” she wrote in response to an inquiry regarding Pittsburgh’s financially distressed status, original formatting maintained. She later used her Facebook to “set the record straight” following an incident in which she drove her car on a pedestrian walkway through Allegheny Commons Park in North Side. There is a fine line between using an account in a personal and professional manner, particularly when there’s a shrinking divide between the two — and in the digital age, the laws haven’t kept up. But it’s clear Harris crossed that line. By blocking her constituents, she’s prohibiting them from participating in their government the way their peers can — and even those that disagree with her have the undeniable right to voice their opinions.
Abby Katz STAFF ILLUSTRATOR
Ben Sheppard Columnist
Despite our national representatives’ inability to agree on anything, the Nov. 7 off-year elections showed that the nation at large is united by at least one thing — criminal justice reform. Pittsburghers are fed up with archaic strategies of criminal justice — and Mik Pappas is their new reform hero.
November 16, 2017
In his campaign during the recent off-year election for Magisterial District Judge, Pappas promised criminal justice reform, running on a platform which included ending cash bail, deterring investigatory stops and helping drug addicts find treatment instead of jail. Even though he ran opposing the incumbent Ron Costa Sr., who represented both the Republican and Democratic See Sheppard on page 7
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Culture Amanda Reed
Face-to-face with fake Facebook functions
Senior Staff Writer I showed up to the Facebook event, “Offer a Slurpee Up to the Old 7-Eleven Site,” Nov. 11 in the hope of finding the 360 people who said they were interested in attending — but I was the only one there. No one offered Slurpees in an attempt to magically bring back the storefront. What once was 7-Eleven is now a holiday pop-up for one of the University-associated stores and a display of high-end stainlessa steel water bottles stands in place of the former Slurpee machine. Facebook events are an easy way for users to invite people to parties and gatherings or for organizations to promote the functions they coordinate. But since 2015, joke Facebook events — from “Catapult the Gateway Clipper Duchess over the U.S. Steel Tower” to “Drain the rivers to build more bike lanes” — have also flooded students’ news feeds, walking the line between harmless meme and fake news. Deborah Lee, a senior design and human computer interaction major at Carnegie Mellon University, was scrolling through Facebook one night when someone posed a question in a CMU meme page, asking why there were fake Facebook events for Pitt but none for CMU. Lee — known in her friend group for her Photoshop prowess and love of memes — decided to fill the void by creating “Naruto-run up walking to the sky,” a fake Facebook event encouraging students to sprint up Jonathan Borofsky’s sculpture with their arms behind their backs, mimicking the signature ninja run from the popular Japanese anime “Naruto.” “In four minutes I made this whole thing up, and picked a random date, and chose ‘Walking to the Sky’ since it’s one of the most iconic things about the campus,” she said. “I just wanted to make something really stupid and ridiculous.” Lee said she wasn’t surprised with her motivation to create the event, but that she wasn’t expecting it to receive such a strong response.
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Garrett Aguilar| STAFF ILLUSTRATOR More than 1,000 people — including Pitt, CMU and Point Park University students — marked themselves as interested in the event. And 301 people said they were attending. “When I posted it as a reply to the person who asked about it, they were like, ‘This is exactly what we need,’ and it got pinned to the page,” she said. “I think that’s the reason why so many people saw it.” Although no one attended Lee’s fake event, people showed up for fake events in other cities. For an event titled “Scream Like Goku In Front of Washington Square Arch” in New York City, a handful of people gathered near the monument and mimicked the popular “Dragon Ball Z” character’s battle cry for more than an hour. In Pittsburgh, people dressed up as Shrek — from the popular 2001 movie of the same name — at a free Smash Mouth concert in August after a Craigslist ad was turned into an event. Paula Lockwood, a 25-year-old Lawrenceville resident, attended the concert with a friend and made their own Shrek costumes — complete with brown vest, green makeup and his signature ears — after noticing the event on
Facebook. “I thought it was too funny to be true, and my friend was like, ‘We should do it,’” she said. Although these joke Facebook events could be considered fake news — both proliferate information that’s false — Lockwood said there’s a substantial difference between the two. According to her, one is made for fun, and the other has actual consequences if taken as the truth. “It’s a funny, relatable thing that I share with my friends, and it’s like tagging someone in a meme,” she said. “Except it’s a Facebook event.” According to Meredith Guthrie, a professor and adviser in Pitt’s Department of Communication, people have always used traditional media in nontraditional ways. Dadaists used absurdist art to criticize logic, reason and aestheticism of capitalist society in the 20th century. However, thanks to the internet age, more people have more tools — like photo and video editing software — to break with convention, according to Guthrie. “I think that digital media makes [breaking conventions] even easier, because it means
November 16, 2017
that everyone can potentially become a media producer,” she said. But easy access has its consequences. Although Facebook has regulations put in place for curbing racist or inappropriate events — users can report these events if they pop up on their news feeds — Guthrie says Facebook is uneven in how they respond to this, and the event isn’t guaranteed to be removed if it’s reported. Take Twitter, for example — the site temporarily suspended actress Rose McGowan for posting a private phone number, but allowed President Donald Trump to keep his account despite multiple complaints about him violating the site’s terms of services. Social media sites and their users, according to Guthrie, face a dilemma when determining what to ban and what to keep. “On the one hand, we don’t want to overregulate and create a culture of corporate censorship, while on the other, we don’t want social media to become a megaphone for hate,” she said. Facebook is currently tweaking its algorithm to fight the spread of fake news, making it harder for people to share articles about events that aren’t real. But with no known protocol for moderation, bending the truth is as easy as hitting “create event” for fake Facebook event creators like Lee. “They’re trying to figure out an algorithm to find news that’s not real. It might be harder to make the same thing for fake Facebook events,” she said. Until Facebook creates an algorithm or the fake events turn nefarious, Lee said people will keep creating and “attending” them to take part in the internet’s newest meme. “You’re just saying that you’re going because you want everyone on Facebook to see it and say, ‘Oh wow, that person is so ridiculous,’” she said. “You’re not clicking on a fake event for yourself, but more to show your Facebook friends.”
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Consequence, pg. 2 “This is not just a Pittsburgh and Appalachia issue,” Dixon said. “It’s your backyard. People outside of the [Beaver County] region are more sensitive and they’re waking up.” He also listed some less environmentally harmful alternatives to cracker plants such as bioplastics, hemp plastics, mushroom plastics, green chemistry and potentially zero-emission plants. Dixon said companies such as Clean Air Council, Clean Water Action and Allegheny County Clean Air Now are fighting against air pollution in Southwestern Pennsylvania as well. These environmentally friendly alternatives were a welcome change for Emma Washa, a senior at Pitt majoring in communications, who said she appreciated Dixon’s focus on ways to prevent further pollution. Washa said she often feels bombarded by hearing only the harmful aspects of the cracker plant. “Everyone talks about [the plant] and all the negative health effects, but I never really heard any solutions,” Washa said. “I liked how Mark Dixon went more into that.” Washa also said she was surprised to hear how extensive Shell’s propaganda was to convince Beaver County residents that the plant will be beneficial for them. She said while she is hopeful
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that Pittsburgh’s air quality will improve through some of the solutions Dixon suggested, she is also scared because the task seems daunting. “I think the optimist part of me believes that we can avoid becoming the new Cancer Alley, but it will involve a lot of work and time,” Washa said. Junior Maura Deely, an environmental science major, said she thought Trump’s recent $250 billion trade deal with China was particularly devastating, and that public health is on the line with the new cracker plant in Beaver County. “We need to keep moving forward,” Deely said. “We can’t just keep looking back and doing the same old thing.” At the end of his presentation, Dixon showcased a few video clips from his documentaries to emphasize the massive scale of the cracker plant and the urgency of the air pollution crisis. He said despite the hard work it will take to get a ban on fracking in Pennsylvania, and the fact that the cracker plant is already being built, he is still determined to demand change from local politicians and big corporations. “Many people say, Mark, isn’t the Shell cracker a done deal?” he said. “I think it’s as much of a done deal as our climate. I’m not resigned to just giving into the status quo because ‘it’s a done deal.’”
Senate, pg. 2 development of the University. The changes would lead to a rise in tuition, as the University would have to offset its loss in income, he said, and this change would make it harder for individuals from lower-income families to attend Pitt. The chancellor plans to put up a website detailing the tax bill and why it is harmful to higher education. He wants students to stay informed and understand that this tax bill affects everyone’s future. “It’s bad for students, it’s bad for families with students, it’s bad for graduate professionals,” Gallagher said. Wilson said the bill is a product of “dirty politics.” He said all parts of the Pitt community should begin to seriously talk about the threat the tax bill would pose and work to figure out solutions. In reference to the newly drafted Pitt principles — proposed values that are meant to guide the Pitt community in the face of controversies and challenges — Wilson said we need to take them to heart, especially in times like these.
November 16, 2017
“I never thought I’d be living in a time where education would be held in such disrepute,” Wilson said. Griffith, a graduate student representative and a student within the department of biological sciences, said graduate students are worried about what the tax bill meant for their future. They are asking for a step-by-step plan from the University on how it plans to mitigate the impacts of the bill if it passes, Griffith said. “They are asking, ‘do we have a what if ?’” Griffith said. “What is the backup plan just in case this does go through?”
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Sports
Panthers chase down Gauchos, 70-62
Grant Burgman Staff Writer
The Pitt men’s basketball team came back from an early and consistent deficit to claim its first victory of the season with a 70-62 victory over the University of California, Santa Barbara Gauchos. Pitt (1-2) played its second game in the 11th annual Progressive Legends Classic Wednesday night against UCSB(1-1). The Panthers entered the matchup with an empty win column after losing their opening game to Navy and their first game of the Classic to Montana. UCSB arrived with the opposite stat, having recently defeated North Dakota State 8566. “After those first few losses, in practice it was just hard work and just a focus with everybody paying attention,” junior guard/forward Jared Wilson-Frame said. “It was definitely a relief to get this win.” UCSB started the game firing from the three, taking the lead from its first shot, 3-2. The Gauchos put the Panthers in a deficit for the remainder of the first half. Pitt struggled to defend UCSB from deep, allowing the Gauchos to start the game 6-10 from the arc. By the end of the half, UCSB was 8-15 from the three. Pitt was unable to keep up, shooting only 4-10 from three in the first half. The Panthers kept themselves in the game thanks to a hot start from redshirt senior guard Jonathan Milligan. Milligan started the game 3-4 from the field and led the Panthers in the first half with eight points. The Gauchos eventually racked up their largest lead of the game when they pulled ahead by 10 points. UCSB held this lead for only 43 seconds before Wilson-Frame cut the deficit with a layup to make the game 37-29. Aside from Milligan and a thunderous dunk from first-year forward Shamiel Stevenson, with about two minutes left in the first, Pitt didn’t have much to celebrate. The offense struggled to keep up with the Gauchos’ scoring, and the defense continued to leave shooters open on the perimeter. Along with their inability to defend the Gau-
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chos from deep, the Panthers struggled with several turnovers throughout the first half. Pitt had seven turnovers in the first half compared to UCSB’s four. The first half ended with a 3-pointer from Ryan Luther that brought Pitt within six points. At half time, UCSB led Pitt 38-32. Pitt’s big men specifically had trouble hanging onto the ball as first-year center Peace Ilegomah had two turnovers in just two minutes of play in the first half. Senior forward Ryan Luther and first-year center Terrell Brown each added a turnover. The Panthers went on a four-minute, 11-point comeback to start the second half, with WilsonFrame scoring seven of those points. Pitt charged back, taking a 46-45 lead with a little more than 14 minutes remaining in the second half — the Panthers’ first lead since the 2-0 advantage they held after the first possession of the game. “[Assistant coach Dan Cage] challenged us at halftime to be the aggressors and compete,” Milligan said. “Maybe like five minutes into the second half I felt like, ‘Okay, we need to turn it up a little,’ and that’s what we did.” The offensive surge from Wilson-Frame, paired with steady scoring from Milligan, wasn’t enough to pull away from the Gauchos, though. UCSB continued to compete with the Panthers because of their significant rebounding power in the second half. UC Santa Barbara senior forward Jalen Canty was a force for the Gauchos, recording two blocks and frustrating the Panthers in the paint all night. The Panthers consistently gave up second chance opportunities to the Gauchos, surrendering 19 offensive rebounds and being outrebounded 43-35 for the game. Canty led the Gauchos with 11 rebounds, including six offensive boards. The rebounding struggles nullified the Panthers’ improved defense, which held UCSB to 23.5 percent shooting in the second half. The game stayed close throughout the second half, with the Gauchos and Panthers trading the lead nine times. Every time Pitt gained momentum the Gauchos nullified it quickly. It was a Luther tip-in with 2:37 remaining that put the Panthers up for good in the end. Lu-
Shamiel Stevenson dunks for Pitt in the last two minutes of the first half against UCSB Wednesday night. Anna Bongardino | ASSISTANT VISUAL EDITOR ther’s bucket gave Pitt a 58-57 lead, pushing the team to follow up. Pitt capitalized on this momentum and strung together a 14-5 run. With just enough points to overshadow the Gauchos, the Panthers came back to end the night with a 70-62 victory. “Ryan made two huge plays at the end of the
November 16, 2017
game,” head coach Kevin Stallings said. “Ryan is the glue and the leader of our team. I wish he thought he was as good as I think he is.” The Panthers will travel to Brooklyn to take on Penn State in their second game of the tournament Monday, Nov. 20, with tip set for 9:30 p.m.
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Sheppard, pg. 3 parties on the ballot, Pappas won with 55 percent of the vote — meaning for the majority of voters, criminal justice reform was important enough to convince them to stray from party lines. “Mass incarceration isn’t a phenomenon,” Pappas said during a phone interview Monday. “It’s an evil.” And the issue didn’t begin in Pennsylvania — the trend started in the White House and is sweeping the nation. In fact, President Donald Trump’s election and his law-and-order policies inspired Pappas to run. “When I saw him coming into office and being tough on crime,” he said, “it really caused me to pick up arms and fight back every way I could.” The prospect of real change in criminal justice was enough to get busy students such as Kirsten Wong, a Pitt student and former employee at The Pitt News, to join the fight — which could be indicative of a nationwide push for criminal justice reform on college campuses.
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“He talked about his platform of ending mass incarceration, increasing access to affordable housing, focusing on restorative justice and addressing the school-toprison pipeline,” Wong said. “I was compelled to get involved in his campaign.” The reform Pappas will lead in Pittsburgh isn’t just a liberal move either — the trend even affected traditionally red states like Virginia. Virginia Republican gubernatorial candidate Ed Gillespie aired aggressive ads in September that played on voters’ fears of immigrants. “Kill, rape, control,” the ad for Republican gubernatorial candidate Ed Gillespie blared over network television. Using fear as fuel for victory proved unsuccessful for Gillespie, who suffered a loss against Democrat Ralph Northam. And the trend held — Northam ran on a platform of criminal justice reform. He called for the decriminalization of small amounts of marijuana and noted racial disparities in sentencing — ideas that won Nov. 7. Philadelphia was no different, where citizens elected civil rights attorney Larry
Krasner as district attorney. His platform looked like a Christmas wish list for criminal justice reform advocates. He promised to stop the pursuit of the death penalty, end stop and frisk, stop cash bail imprisonment, stand up to police misconduct and end civil asset forfeiture abuse. It was these initiatives that he previously thought would make him “completely unelectable.” His platform galvanized voters, showing the conversation on criminal justice reform must be more urgent and desirable than previously thought. Even in New Jersey, home to the infamous former Republican Gov. Chris Christie, voters elected Democrat Phil Murphy as governor last week. Murphy ran a campaign that highlighted racial disparities in marijuana sentencing — a task Christie previously called the work of “crazy liberals.” And all of these victories came against opponents who stoked fear among constituents. In New Jersey, Republican Lt. Gov. Kim Guadagno ran a campaign accusing Murphy’s policies of being sympathetic to violent criminals. One ad fea-
November 16, 2017
tured Jose Carranza, an undocumented immigrant who shot three students. The ad claimed Murphy’s policies encouraged this behavior — but it’s just blatant fearmongering. The results for Guadagno and Gillespie? Two defeats, with 42 and 45 percent of the vote each. And if they’re unsatisfied with the results, perhaps they should heed the words of Pappas. “When I talked about mass incarceration, those issues resonate with people in a way that their response is visceral,” he said. “Everybody knows someone who has suffered under tough-on-crime measures and policies.” Even if you aren’t individually affected by criminal justice reform, this is a key issue headed into 2018. If we’re to succeed when all odds seem against us, we and our politicians must fix cornerstone issues that plague our political system — and we can start with criminal justice reform. Kirsten Wong used to write for The Pitt News. Ben primarily writes about American politics and libertarian issues for The Pitt News. Write to Ben at bps29@pitt.edu.
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