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Jersey Fish & Wildlife Assistant Commissioner David Golden said in a joint DEP/NJDOT press release.

“We urge all drivers to be especially alert to the possibility of deer suddenly darting onto roadways, as well as know how to reduce the risk of a collision and possible serious injury to themselves, their passengers or others.”

Peak mating season for deer in New Jersey runs from late October to mid-December.

Awareness will become even more important when daylight saving time ends at 2 a.m. on Sunday, Nov. 6, officials warn. This means that many commutes will then align with the time when deer are most active, and lighting conditions may be the most difficult for driving. Reduced lighting as well as sun glare can make it very difficult for drivers to see deer that are about to cross the road.

Rutgers Universityʼs New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station says white-tailed deer are large mammals generally ranging in size from 50 to 200 pounds.

“While some adult males (bucks) can grow up to 3.5 feet tall at shoulder height and weigh up to 200 pounds, an average buck in New Jersey weighs around 150 pounds. Females (does) are typically smaller and average around 100 pounds,” the station says.

In April, bucks begin growing their antlers, which are covered in a “velvet” layer of skin, consisting of soft hairs and blood vessels that provide nutrients to the growing tissue. Bucks then rub off this soft layer once their antlers are fully grown. The size of these antlers is determined by age and nutrition levels. Antlers are shed annually each winter.

“Does generally reach sexual maturity at 2 years of age. However, reproductive potential is directly related to nutritional state, so with good resources, fawns as young as 6 months can begin breeding. This phenomenon is common in New Jersey,” says the station.

Fawns are born beginning in early May.

In November 2021 a motorcycist from River Vale struck a deer, and was killed, while heading east at Teaneck Road in Teaneck just before 5:45 a.m.

Overpopulation persists

Carol Tyco, a wildlife specialist with Tyco Animal Control, and a consultant to 24 Bergen County municipalities, including Northvale, has noted that deer overpopulation remains one of the countyʼs unaddressed issues.

Asked about recommendation for a countywide approach to deer overpopulation, Tyco told Northern Valley Press, “The overpopulation will not end until the county comes up with a true plan … anything will be better than the ʻLetʼs ignore this and hope it goes awayʼ attitude.”

Safety tips to take you far

The agencies said these tips can help drivers stay safe during peak periods of the annual fall rut: •Slow down if you see a deer and then watch for sudden movement. If the deer is in the road and doesnʼt move, wait for the deer to cross and the road is clear. Do not try to drive around the deer. •Watch for “Deer Crossing” signs. Drive slower when traveling through areas known to have a high concentration of deer so there is enough time to stop, if necessary. • Use high beams during dark periods if there is no oncoming traffic or vehicles ahead. High beams will be reflected by the eyes of deer on or near roads. If you see one deer, assume that others may be in the area. • Donʼt tailgate. The driver ahead might have to stop suddenly to avoid colliding with a deer. • Always wear a seatbelt, as required by law. Drive at a safe and sensible speed, following the speed limit, factoring for weather, available lighting, traffic, curves and other road conditions. • Do not swerve to avoid impact if a collision appears inevitable; a deer may countermaneuver suddenly. Brake appropriately and stay in your lane. Collisions are more likely to become fatal when a driver swerves to avoid a deer and instead collides with oncoming traffic or a fixed structure along the road. •Report any deer–vehicle collision to a local law enforcement agency immediately.

Obey the stateʼs hands-free device law or refrain from using cellular devices while driving.

For general information about white-tailed deer in New Jersey, visit

Peak mating season for deer in New Jersey runs from late October to midDecember.Awareness will become even more important when daylight saving time ends at 2 a.m.on Sunday,Nov.6,officials warn. Rutgers photo

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Editorʼs note: The following article is for informational purposes only. When you look at a line chart of an investmentʼs ERIC KOHLMEIER historical performance, one feature to note is its volatility –how frequent and how extreme the ups and downs have been. This is significant because volatility is the most commonly used measurement of an investmentʼs risk. The greater the volatility, the riskier the investment is considered to be.

If you viewed a chart comparing the stock marketʼs versus the bond marketʼs performance, youʼd see stocks have been significantly more volatile than bonds. Logically then, a 100% bond portfolio should be less risky than one including both bonds and stocks. Right?

Not so fast.

In fact, according to a Morningstar study for the years 1970 through 2018, a portfolio comprising 67% bonds (measured by the 20-year U.S. government bond) and 33% stocks (using the S&P 500 Index) offered less risk and better returns than a 100% bond portfolio. In other words, the former was more “efficient” than the latter, which leads to a concept investors should be aware of: the efficient frontier.

Start with the basics

Having a grasp of the efficient frontier begins with understanding: • The relationship between risk and return • How diversification can help manage risk and return

In general, risk and return go hand in hand. As an investmentʼs risk increases, so should its return. If you buy a Treasury bond, the return will probably be low because the risk of default is low. If you buy a stock, however, the potential risk can be significant— think back to what happened to stocks during the Great Recession—and you should expect a greater return potential as “compensation” from the market for accepting that additional risk.

Diversification is simply blending different investments in a portfolio in an effort to manage risk and return. The result is your “asset allocation.”

A very simple asset allocation might include stocks, which tend to be risky but offer growth potential, and bonds, which have been more stable and provide income (interest). You can help manage your risk and return by how much you allocate to each type of investment.

For example, if you have a 75% stock/25% bond portfolio, it should offer a greater risk and return potential than one thatʼs 25% stocks and 75% bonds.

Getting to an efficient frontier

Of course, there are lots of other investments for you to choose from, and there are an infinite number of portfolios you could construct from the stocks, bonds, and other assets available. Each of these blends has a unique overall risk and return level.

If you plotted them all on a chart, youʼd likely see whatʼs shown in the hypothetical graph below. The “pies”—representing different asset allocations—farthest to the left and highest up are the ones with the best expected risk/return tradeoffs. If you connected those “dots,” you would have it: the efficient frontier.

Thatʼs what the efficient frontier is, but what does it mean for investors?

It means that if your risk/return tradeoff doesnʼt land along the frontier, your portfolio is not as efficient as it could be. Youʼre taking on too much risk for the level of return youʼre getting, and you probably need to make adjustments to decrease risk, improve return, or both.

Finding help

Determining whether your portfolio is as efficient as it could be may require help from a professional financial advisor. He or she will likely ask about your goals (what youʼre investing for), time horizon (how long until you need to tap into your investments), and risk tolerance (how comfortable you are with swings in your portfolioʼs value).

Based on your responses, your advisor can help build a portfolio designed to help reach your goals as efficiently as possible. Asset allocation cannot eliminate the risk of fluctuating prices and uncertain returns.

S&P 500 comprises 500 stocks chosen for market size, liq-

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uidity, and industry group representation. It is a market-valueweighted index; each stockʼs weight in the index is proportionate to its market value. It is one of the most widely used benchmarks of U.S. equity performance.

The indices are provided for informational purposes only; investors cannot directly purchase an index. Past performance in not indicative of future results.

This article was written for Wells Fargo Advisors and provided courtesy of Eric Kohlmeier, Senior Financial Advisor, Managing Director, Investments, in Park Ridge at 201-505-0472.

Investments in securities and insurance products are NOT FDIC-INSURED/NOT BANKGUARANTEED/MAY LOSE VALUE.

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