VANGUARD journal
about
The VANGUARD
issue 1, volume 1 theme: "extinction"
MEGAN PARANICH MATTHEW GABERT KAYLA REDDECLIFF JANELLE TRACK NICOLE WEE
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ISSN 2292-2652 (Print) ISSN 2292-2660 (Online)
extinction about 2 words about this journal letter from the editor 5 words from the editor足in足chief, Megan Paranich contributors 6 meet this issue's writers artist bio 8 meet this issue's artist, Erika Luckert making discrimination history
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an editorial piece by Matthew Gabert university: where habits are 11 both formed and become extinct an article by Emerson Csorba 3
plight of the bumble 13 the bee
an article by M. Leigh
persistence of life 14 the an article by Megan Paranich
on evolution 17 perspective an article by Fraser Porter the love of cod 18 for an article by Alan Shapiro of death: 21 impossibility extinction and hirst’s magnum opus
an article by Robyn TaylorÂNeu
22 green is the new black an article by Nicole Wee
25 the loss of culture history and physical property
a feature essay by Kristina Seefeldt 4
letter
the EDITOR's
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FRASER PORTER
ALAN SHAPIRO
EMERSON CSORBA
M. LEIGH
ROBYN TAYLOR-NEU
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KRISTINA SEEFELDT
MEGAN PARANICH
the CONTRIBUTORS NICOLE WEE
MATTHEW GABERT
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artist's
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bio
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making discrimination
HISTORY
Where once it was perfectly legal, acceptable and even expected for one to discriminate on the basis of race, it is now illegal and unethical to do so.
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university: where habits are both formed and become extinct
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These character traits are little else than the accumulation of habits, formed through practice and introspection over a period of time.
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THE PLIGHT OF THE
bumble bee
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It is estimated that the efforts of bees contributed ÂŁ400 million to the British economy per year, and â‚Ź14.2 billion to the European Union.
http://bumblebeeconservation.org/about-bees/why-beesneed-help 1
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http://theextinctionprotocol.wordpress.com/2011 /03/05/scientis ts-alarmed-as-bumblebee-numbers-plunge-worldwide/ 3 http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6079/348.abstract 4 http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6079/351 .abstract 5 http://www.resilience.org/stories/201 3-1 0-25/scientistsdiscover-key-molecule-linking-neonicotinoids-to-honey-beeviruses 6 http://ecowatch.com/201 3/06/11 /worldwide-honey-beecollapse-a-lesson-in-ecology/
the persistence of
LIFE
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One of the most devastating extinctions occured at [the transition from the Permian Era to the Triassic], wiping out 96% of all life on Earth.
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There have been five defined mass extinctions in Earth's history.
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Beauchamp, Benoit; Embry, Ashton. Sequence stratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic Boundary in the Sverdrup Basin, Canadian Arctic. 2006. CSPG - CSEG - CWLS Convention. 2 Wignall, P B. Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions. March 2001 . Earth-Science Reviews. Volume 53, Issues 1 –2, Pages 1 -33. ISSN 001 2-8252. http://dx.doi.org/1 0.1 01 6/S001 2-8252(00)00037-4. 1
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001 282520 0000374) 3 Benton M J. When life nearly died: the greatest mass extinction of all time. 2005. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-28573-X 4 Wignall, P.B.; Twitchett, R.J. (2002). "Extent, duration, and nature of the Permian-Triassic superanoxic event".Geological Society of America Special Papers 356: 395–41 3. 5 Kump, Lee; Alexander Pavlov and Michael A. Arthur (2005). "Massive release of hydrogen sulfide to the surface ocean
and atmosphere during intervals of oceanic anoxia".Geology 33: 397–400 6 Catton, William R. Jr. Dependence on phantom carrying capacity. 1 980. Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change. Chapter 3. University of Illinois Press.
Suggested reading: http://permian.stratigraphy.org/files/201 21 02911 4011 447.pdf
PERSPECTIVE ON
evolution
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for the love of cod
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As the harvest declined, fishermen began to target younger fish, often of prereproductive age, compromising the population’s ability to sustain itself.
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Although environmental factors may have played a minor role, the collapse was undoubtedly precipitated by overfishing.
Hutchings, J., Myers, R. What can be learned from the collapse of a renewable resource? Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, of Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51 , 21 26-21 46 (1 994). 2 Baird, J., Bishop, C., Murphy, E. An assessment of the cod stock in NAFO divisions 2J3KL. CAFSAC Resource Document 91 /53 (1 991 ). 1
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3 Hamilton,
J., Butler, M. Outport adaptations: Social indicators through Newfoundland’s cod crisis. Human Ecology Review 8, 1 -11 (2001 ). 4 Hutchings, J. Northern cod threatened by new fisheries rules. The Star, Oct. 20 (201 3). 5 Cod stocks may never recover, study finds: Report says
human error, industry pressure to blame. CBC News, Apr. 21 (201 3). 6 Frank, K., Petrie, B., Fisher, J., Leggett, W. Transient dynamics of an altered large marine ecosystem. Nature 477, 86-91 (2011 ).
impossibility of death:
EXTINCTION AND HIRST’S MAGNUM OPUS
Drawing by Robyn Taylor-Neu
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Hirst, D. The physical impossibility of death in the mind of someone living. 1 991 . 2 2001 categories & criteria (version 3.1 ) [Internet]. IUCN red list of threatened species [cited 201 3 Nov 8]. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/static/categories_criteria_3_1 1
GREEN IS THE NEW BLACK 22
One white t-shirt needs 2,700 litres of water in order to grow enough cotton to make one shirt ... that amount is enough for one person to consume for about 2.5 years.
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http://worldwildlife.org/stories/the-impact-of-a-cotton-t-shirt http://www.examiner.com/article/how-celebrity-fashionicons-fuel-illegal-poaching-and-leopard-extinction 1
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THE LOSS OF CULTURE HISTORY
and physical property
FEATURE ESSAY
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When an artefact is displaced from its original context, the physical artefact is stolen as well as its attached intellectual property.
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Most countries follow these laws only when it is convenient and in their interests.
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Without artefacts in the hands of a public owner such as a government, the artefacts and their history will never be shared with the public.
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There is a direct relationship between the degradation of ethics and the failure to repatriate artefacts that rightfully belong to a certain culture.
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Stealing History, 2007. [Film] Directed by Flyum, O. and Hebditch, D.. New York: Filmakers Library. Vermeylen, S., Martin, G., Clift, R., 2008. Intellectual Property Rights Systems and the Assemblage of Local Knowledge Systems. International Journal of Cultural Property, [e-journal] 1 5 (2), 201 -221 . Available through University of Alberta Library website <https://www.library.ualberta.ca> [Accessed 28 November 201 2].
References American Anthropological Association, 1 998. Code of Ethics of the American Anthropological Association. [online] American Anthropological Association. Available at: http://www.aaanet.org/committees/ethics/ethicscode.pdf [Accessed 9 October 201 2]. Fitz Gibbon, K., 2005. Who Owns the Past?: Cultural Policy, Cultural Property, and the Law. 1 st ed. Rutgers University Press in assoc. with American Council for Cultural Policy. Society for American Archaeology, 1 996. Principles of Ethics in Archaeology of the Society for American Archaeology. [online] Society for American Archaeology. Available at: http://www.saa.org/Default.aspx?TabId=203 [Accessed 24 November 201 2].
CHANGING CLIMATES