PCSO Training Notes 7th March 2005 PCSO Powers are set out in the Police Reform Act 2002. What can PCSO's do? PCSO's can: • Conduct High Visibility Patrols • Be the Eyes and Ears of the police - report • Give Statements • Help the public • Assist the emergency services • Deal with lost and found property and dogs • Assist in the placing and collection of cones • Attend Court and give evidence • Conduct low level crowd control • Perform traffic duty • Give first aid • Dynamic risk assessments • Help with crime scene management - Guard scenes • Conduct Crime Reduction Surveys • Use Problem Solving Policing - (Using the SARA Model) • Submit NIR forms - Intelligence What can't PCSO's do? PCSO's cannot: • Arrest on Suspicion • Stop and Search • Issue HO/RT1's - GEN 164's • Check driving documents / Deal with accidents • Guard prisoners • Interview suspects as a first officer PCSO POWERS. PCSO's have the powers to: • Issue FPN's • Require Names and Addresses • Confiscate Alcohol and Tobacco • Seize vehicles (Off road / boy racers) • Recover vehicles (With Inspectors Authority) • Enter a property to save life or limb / prevent serious damage to the property • Enforce a cordon under the Terrorism Act • Affect a Citizen's Arrest - this is the VERY LAST RESORT
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PCSO Training Notes Police Reform Act 2002 Part 4: Police powers Chapter 1: Exercise of police powers etc. by civilians Section 38: Police powers for police authority employees 188. This section enables chief officers of police to designate suitably skilled and trained civilians under their direction and control to exercise powers and undertake duties in carrying out specified functions. A chief officer can designate civilians to perform functions in four categories: community support officer; investigating officer; detention officer; and escort officer. The Director General of NCIS or NCS may designate support staff under his direction and control as investigating officers. 189. Subsection (1) enables the chief officer in charge of a force to designate any person under his operational control and employed by the relevant police authority as an officer of one or more of the descriptions specified in subsection (2): community support officer; investigating officer; detention officer; and escort officer. Subsection (3) enables the Director General of NCIS or NCS to designate any person under his operational control and employed by the relevant Service Authority as an investigating officer. (Paragraph 36(1)(b) of Schedule 4 and subsection (7)(e) of section 108 ensure that this is limited to persons in England and Wales only. Although the jurisdiction of NCS only covers England and Wales, that of NCIS is UK-wide.) Under subsection (5), chief officers and Directors General will be able to confer on such employees some of the powers and duties otherwise only available to police constables and others. Subsection (6) limits the powers that can be conferred on designated persons to the relevant Parts of Schedule 4 to the Act. Subsection (7) clarifies that a designation cannot authorise or require conduct beyond the specified functions and that a designation may contain restrictions and conditions. For example, the designation may specify that the powers can only be used in a particular geographical area or for a particular period. 190. Subsection (4) prevents a designation being granted unless the chief officer or Director General is satisfied that the person is suitable to carry out the relevant functions, capable of carrying them out, and has been adequately trained. 191. Subsection (8) provides that where a power allows for the use of reasonable force when it is exercised by a constable, a person exercising such a power under a designation shall have the same entitlement to use reasonable force; for example when carrying out a search. 192. Subsection (9) provides that where the designation includes the power to force entry to premises, this power will be limited to occasions when the designated person is under the direct supervision of a constable
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PCSO Training Notes and is accompanied by them - the exception to this requirement is when the purpose of forcing entry is to save life or limb or to prevent serious damage to premises. Schedule 4: Police powers exercisable by police civilians 193. This schedule links directly to the provisions in sections 38 and 39 of the Act, which deal with the exercise of police powers by police authority and Service Authority employees, and contracted-out staff. It sets out in detail the range of powers that can be conferred on designated civilians employed by a police authority or NCIS or NCS Service Authority and under the direction and control of the relevant chief officer or Director General. Parts 3 and 4 of this Schedule can also be conferred on contracted-out staff. Part 1: Community support officers 194. This Part includes a limited range of powers linked to dealing with community safety and misconduct in public places. It lists the powers that can be conferred on community support officers. These include the power to issue a range of fixed penalty notices relating to anti-social behaviour for example in respect of litter. It also gives the power to request a name and address from a person committing a fixed penalty offence or an offence that causes injury, alarm, distress or damage to another, and the power to detain, for a limited period awaiting the arrival of a constable, a person who fails to comply with the request to give their name and address. These powers will enable civilians performing patrolling functions to address many anti-social behaviour offences. 195. Paragraph 1 enables a suitably designated person to exercise powers to issue fixed penalty notices. This includes issuing fixed penalty notices in respect of a range of anti-social behaviour and disorder offences under the Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001. These offences are: • Being drunk in a public highway, other public place or licensed premises (section 12 of the Licensing Act 1872); • Throwing fireworks in a thoroughfare (section 80 of the Explosives Act 1875); • Knowingly giving a false fire alarm to a fire brigade (section 31 of the Fire Service Act 1947); • Trespassing on a railway (section 55 of the British Transport Commission Act 1949); • Throwing stones etc. at trains or other things on railways (section 56 of the British Transport Commission Act 1949); • Buying or attempting to buy alcohol for consumption in a bar in licensed premises by a person under 18 (section 169C(3) of the Licensing Act 1964); • Disorderly behaviour while drunk in a public place (section 91 of the Criminal Justice Act 1967); • Wasting police time by giving false report (section 5(2) of the Criminal Law Act 1967);
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PCSO Training Notes • • •
Using public telecommunications system for sending message known to be false in order to cause annoyance (section 43(1)(b) of the Telecommunications Act 1984); Behaviour likely to cause harassment, alarm or distress (section 5 of the Public Order Act 1986); Consumption of alcohol in designated public place (section 12 of Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001).
Fixed penalty notices can also be issued for offences of: • Cycling on a footway (section 54 of the Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 in respect of section 72 of the Highway Act 1835); • Dog fouling (section 4 of the Dogs (Fouling of land) Act 1996) • Litter (section 88 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990). 196. Paragraph 2 sets out the power to detain. It provides that a designated community support officer can require the name and address of a person who he believes to have committed an offence to which the designated powers relate and in the police area to which the designation relates. If the other person fails to comply with the request to give his name and address or gives a name or address which the designated community support officer has reason to believe is false or inaccurate, the designated community support officer can require the other person to wait with him for up to 30 minutes, pending the arrival of constable. The other person may choose, if asked, to accompany the designated community support officer to a police station rather than wait. Any person who fails to comply with the request, by a designated officer, to give his name and address; or who makes off while subject to a requirement to wait for a limited period pending the arrival of a constable; or makes off while accompanying the designated officer to a police station having chosen to be escorted to a police station, will be guilty of an offence. The offence is punishable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale (currently £1000). The powers in this paragraph can be used in relation to relevant fixed penalty offences or in respect of offences that appear to have caused alarm, injury or distress to any other person, or the loss of or damage to any other person's property. Conditions may be applied to the application of this paragraph by designation, such as limiting it to those offences witnessed by the community support officer or excluding particular offences or categories of offence. 197. Where paragraph 3 is applied to a community support officer, it extends to him the powers of a constable under section 50 of this Act to require the name and address of a person who is, or is believed to have been, acting in an anti-social manner as defined in section 1 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, namely 'in a manner that caused or was likely to cause harassment, alarm or distress to one or more persons not of the same household as himself'. The Community Support Officer is then given the same power of detention as is conferred by paragraph 2 in relation to a person who fails to comply with the requirement or appears to have given a false or inaccurate name or address.
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PCSO Training Notes 198. Paragraph 4 specifies the circumstances in which a designated community support officer may use reasonable force in the exercise of his powers to detain. 199. When paragraph 5 is specified in a community support officer's designation, it extends to him the duty of a constable under section 12 of the Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 to require an individual not to consume alcohol (or what he reasonably believes to be alcohol) in places designated by local authorities, and surrender alcohol in an unsealed container to the community support officer. The CSO may then dispose of the alcohol, as he considers appropriate. Failure to comply with a community support officer's request is an offence punishable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale (currently £500). 200. Paragraph 6 confers similar powers on a community support officer to paragraph 5, but this time under the authority of section 1 of the Confiscation of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997. A suitably designated CSO will be able to confiscate alcohol (or what he reasonably believes to be alcohol) in an unsealed container, from someone who is under 18 years of age or from someone who intends to supply it to someone who is under age of 18 for their consumption. The CSO may then be able to dispose of the alcohol, as he considers appropriate. Failure to comply with a community support officer's request is an offence punishable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale (currently £500). 201. When paragraph 7 is specified in a community support officer's designation, it extends to him the power of a constable or a uniformed park-keeper under subsection (3) of section 7 of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 to seize tobacco or cigarette papers from any person who appears to be under 16 years old whom he finds smoking in any street or public place. The CSO may then dispose of any seized material in such manner as the relevant police authority provides. 202. When paragraph 8 is specified in a community support officer's designation, it extends to him the power of a constable under section 17 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) (entry for the purpose of saving life or limb or preventing serious damage to property). This would, for example, enable a community support officer to enter a property where neighbours suspected an elderly occupant had fallen and was unresponsive. Unlike the power to enter premises conferred in paragraph 9, this power does not require a community support officer to be accompanied by a constable. 203. Where paragraph 9 is specified in a community support officer's designation, it extends to him the new powers of a constable under section 59 of this Act regarding vehicles used in a manner causing alarm, distress or annoyance. However, the new powers in so far as they include power to enter premises are only exercisable when in the company of and under the supervision of a constable.
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PCSO Training Notes 204. Where specified in the designation of a community support officer, paragraph 10 extends any powers conferred on designated persons for the removal of abandoned vehicles by regulations under section 99 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984. 205. When paragraphs 11 or 12 are specified in a community support officer's designation, they extend to him limited powers to stop vehicles and direct traffic. These powers would enable such community support officers to help agencies such as the Vehicle Inspectorate and local authorities to conduct roadworthiness and emissions tests and also to facilitate the escorting of abnormal loads. 206. Paragraph 13 specifies powers that can be extended to a designated community support officer in respect of road checks. This includes the powers of a police officer to carry out an authorised road check under section 4 of PACE. This enables a road check (authorised by the rank of superintendent or above) to be established for the purposes of ascertaining whether a vehicle is carrying a person who committed an offence other than a road traffic offence or a [vehicle] excise offence; a person who is witness to such an offence; a person intending to commit such an offence; or a person who is unlawfully at large. It also includes the powers of a constable conferred under section 163 of the Road Traffic Act 1984 to enable him to require a vehicle to stop for the purpose of a road check. 207. Paragraphs 14 and 15 enable the extension of strictly limited powers of a constable under the Terrorism Act 2000. The purpose of extending such powers to designated community support officers is to enable them to provide valuable support to constables in times of terrorist threat and to give chief officers the discretion to deploy constables for duties that require their full expertise and powers in such times. If specified in a community support officer's designation, paragraph 14 confers on him the powers of a constable under section 36 of the Terrorism Act 2000 to enforce a cordoned area, where the cordoned area has been established under the Terrorism Act. These powers enable a constable to prevent the cordon from being breached by giving orders (for example requiring a person to leave the cordoned area), making arrangements (for example for the removal of a vehicle) or imposing prohibitions or restrictions (for example to prevent or restrict access to the cordoned area). If specified in a community support officer's designation, paragraph 15 confers on him the powers of a constable under sections 44(1)(a), 44(1)(d), 44(2)(b) and 45(2) of the Terrorism Act 2000 (powers of stop and search). These are the powers to stop and search vehicles; to search anything in or on a vehicle or carried by the driver or by any passenger in that vehicle; to search anything carried by a pedestrian; and to seize and retain any article discovered in the course of a search by him or a constable under these provisions. It does not extend the powers of a constable to search people - drivers, passenger or pedestrians. Paragraph 15(2) provides that these powers cannot be exercised by a designated community support officer except in the company of and under the supervision of a constable.
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PCSO Training Notes The Adult Learning Cycle
8th March 2005
The Adult Learning Cycle is a four-part process, • • • • •
Starting with Equilibrium or our Comfort Zone This then leads on to Disorientation as we encounter new knowledge This in turn is followed by Exploration as we test this knowledge And Re-Orientation as we become familiar with what we have learnt This then moves full circle - back to Equilibrium as we re-enter out Comfort Zone
As well as the Adult Learning Cycle there is also another way of learning called the Experiential Learning Cycle this also follows a four-stage process as follows: • • • • •
Experience - The act or event from which we are learning What.. Questioning what took place / what happened So What.. Went wrong / went well? Now What.. Do we do to correct or maintain the situation? This again moves full circle - back to Experience and we start again
If a consistent pattern develops an Action Plan may be put in place between Now What and the next Experience in order to rectify the repeat pattern. Action Plans These follow a repeat pattern of behaviour. They must be: S.M.A.R.T.S.S. S - Specific M - Measurable A - Achievable R - Relevant T - Time scaled S - Sustainable S - Stretching They must also be in an area that can be changed and a behavioural trait.
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PCSO Training Notes The Rules Of Evidence There are 3 ways in which evidence can be presented: 1. ORAL Evidence: The witness gives evidence to the court as to what they saw, heard, felt, smelt, tasted etc 2. REAL Evidence: An article or thing, which is produced to the court (this can include photographs) 3. DOCUMENTARY Evidence: The content of any written or printed document (this can include CCTV footage) Arrests An arrest is the act of depriving someone of their liberty, this is done in order to further an investigation or in order for the person to answer to an alleged offence. For a PCSO this is the LAST RESORT and only when the following applies: When the offence is witnessed in the "act of being committed" or "has been committed" Sec 24- Police And Criminal Evidence Act 1984-Arrestable Offences a) Offences for which the sentence is fixed by law (e.g. Murder) b) Offences for which a person of age 21 or over (not previously convicted) may be sentenced to imprisonment for a term of 5 years (e.g. Theft 7yrs, ABH 5yrs, Criminal Damage 10yrs, Burglary 14yrs). c) Offences deemed by statute to be arrestable: e.g. • • • • • • • • • • •
All Football offences under the Football Offences Act 1991 Going equipped for stealing (s25 Theft Act 1968) - 3yrs Fail to stop after injury RTC (Road Traffic Collision) - 6mths Indecent photographs of children (s1 Protection of Children Act 1978) Possession of offensive weapon (s1 Prevention of Crime Act 1953) 4yrs Possession of sharp pointed articles (s139 Criminal Justice Act 1988) Publication of obscene matter (Obscene Publications Act 1959) Publishing material intended or likely to stir up racial hatred (s19 Public Order Act 1986) Sale of tickets by unauthorised persons (s166 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994) Taking a motor vehicle with consent (s12 Theft Act 1968) - 2yrs Touting for car hire services (Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994)
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PCSO Training Notes d) Attempting, Inciting, Aiding or Abetting or conspiring to commit any of the above. Mnemonic to remember the above: Sentence fixed by Law Over 21, liable to 5 years or more imprisonment Deemed arrestable by Section 24(2) Schedule 1 of PACE Any attempt to commit the above, Aiding or Abetting The Caution The police caution is given to a person before being asked any questions relating to an alleged offence - it is not required to be given if the questioning is to ascertain the name and address of a person for purposes of identification. "You do not have to say anything but it may harm your defence if you do not mention when questioned something you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence."
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PCSO Training Notes 9th March 2005 Pocket Note Book – (PNB) The Pocket notebook is: • An official book • Registered and Controlled Stationary • Identified by a Serial Number • Issued by a Supervisor It • • • • • • • •
is used to record the following: Duty – On / Off Date / Year Briefing Details Reports Intelligence R.O.S. – Report On Summons Statements Court – Evidence
There are two mnemonics to remember in order to ensure that your PNB is completed correctly. These are: S – Start each entry – Day / Date / Year C – Corrections - Cross-out with a single line and initial R – Rule off the page at the end of duty U – Underline – The Day / Date / Year B – Block capitals for SURNAMES / ROADS The following mnemonic is what we SHOULD NOT DO! E – Erasure of entries L – Lines left out B – Blanks O – Overwriting W – Words crossed out S – Separate pieces of paper
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PCSO Training Notes Statements: A statement is used to convey what a witness saw, heard, felt, smelt and tasted at the time an incident occurred. This all forms part of the Oral / Direct Evidence. The Statement is taken on a MG 11 form (also known as: Sec 9, MJA, Statement Form). There are several things that should always be in a statement and it should ‘tell the story’, be in ‘chronological order’ and ‘set the scene’ 10 Point Descriptions: When trying to describe a person for the purposes of a statement the following 10 points should be mentioned – even if they are not known you should allude to them so as to ensure you have thought / considered all 10 points. • • • • • • • • • •
Age Height Colour Build Sex Hair colour / style Distinguishing features Complexion Clothing Carrying Anything
Identification: When taking a statement and identifying a person as well as getting a physical description of them you also need to address certain other facts to ascertain how the identity has been reached and factors that may have an effect on the information given. These facts have come about following a precedence set in the R V Turnbull case. The points to remember follow the mnemonic A – Amount of time in view D – Distance V – Visibility O – Obstructions K – Known A – Any reason to remember? T – Time elapsed E – Errors in judgement Disclosure: • • •
Record Retain Reveal
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PCSO Training Notes Police National Computer – (PNC) The Police National Computer was introduced in 1974 and is accessible 24/7/365. Information relating to the following is available from the PNC and also on a local level the Operational Intelligence System (O.I.S) • • • •
People Vehicles Property Addresses
People There are three basic reasons why personal details are kept on the PNC: • Wanted or missing and/or • Disqualified driver and/or • Subject to a legal process, i.e. that a person has previously been convicted or cautioned for certain offences, or has a case pending When asking for a person check we must provide details in the following order N – Name – Surname first A – Age / Date of Birth S – Sex C – Colour H – Height Vehicles Details on vehicles are recorded in two parts: • •
Information recorded by the DVLA Where appropriate, police reports about the vehicle
The DVLA record includes the following: • VRM – Vehicle Registration Mark • The Make • The Model • Type of vehicle • Colour(s) • VIN – Vehicle Identification Number • Engine number and capacity • The Keepers Name and Address • Date of first registration
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PCSO Training Notes The Police record includes: • Reported Lost or Stolen • Reported Found • Information to suggest that the vehicle is or has been used in a criminal or suspicious activity. An • • •
enquiry on a vehicle can be carried out on: VRM Partial VRM VIN
Property Some property may be able to be traced on the PNC if it is unique and stolen Addresses The Burgess Check is used to check out details of an address, this uses information from the electoral roll. Operational Intelligence System (O.I.S) In addition to the PNC there is a local system in place called the O.I.S – this also keeps information on people along similar lines to the PNC but also has markers to show various considerations when dealing with the person concerned – these are: • VI = Violent • DR = Drug User • WE = Weapons • SU = Suicidal • CO = Contagious • IM = Impersonate Police Details about tattoos / scars etc are also noted as well as curfew times.
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PCSO Training Notes Section 17 P.A.C.E. 1984 Powers to enter premises Section :17 Sub-Section :1 Act : Police And Criminal Evidence Act 1984 Subject : Entry of Premises for Purpose of Arrest A constable may enter and search premises for the purpose of: • Executing a warrant of arrest (only if reasonable grounds for suspecting that the person is on the premises) or a commitment warrant. • Arresting a person for an arrestable offence (only if reasonable grounds for suspecting that the person is on the premises) • Arresting a person for an offence under: o Section 1 of the Public Order Act (prohibited uniforms) o any enactment in sections 6-8 or 10 Criminal Law Act 1977 (offence of entering and remaining on property) o Section 4 Public Order Act 1986 (fear of provocation of violence) o Section 76 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 (failure to comply with an interim possession order) o Section 163 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (failure to stop when requested to do so by a constable in uniform) • Arresting a child or a young person remanded or committed to local authority accommodation under section 23(1) Children and Young Persons Act 1969. • Recapturing a person who is unlawfully at large (only if reasonable grounds for suspecting that the person is on the premises) • Recapturing any person who is unlawfully at large and whom he is pursuing • Saving life or limb or preventing serious damage to property The above parts of Section 17 in red may only be performed by a PC or a PCSO under the direction of a Police Constable. ONLY ‘Saving life or limb or preventing serious damage to property’ is applicable to a PCSO working alone The mnemonic below is used to help remember the above act: P – Pursuit of a person unlawfully at large L – Life / Limb – Serious damage to property – Save and prevent E – Execute a warrant A – Arrest for an arrestable offence S – Specified offence – Sec 4 PACE E – Escapee
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PCSO Training Notes Status Codes: 0: Urgent Backup Required 1: On Duty 2: Available / Resuming Patrol 3: Available / In Office 4: Refreshments 5: On Route to Incident 6: At Scene 7: Committed but Deployable 8: Unavailable / Not Deployable 9: Prisoner Escort 10: At Court 11: Off Duty 12: Confidential Message Phonetic Alphabet: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Alpha Bravo Charlie Delta Echo Foxtrot Golf Hotel India Juliet Kilo Lima Mike November Oscar Papa Quebec Romeo Sierra Tango Uniform Victor Whiskey X-ray Yankee Zulu
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PCSO Training Notes 10th March 2005 Values Morris Massey an eminent Sociologist surmised that we go through three distinct development periods as we grow into adulthood. These development periods define who we become. Developmental Periods Primary Socialisation: Occurs from the ages of 0 to 7. The most crucial period being from age 2 to 4 when major imprinting occurs. During this period we absorb information without any analysis. So if during this period the child is told they are "bad", they may take this literally without putting it into context. Thus they may think they are a bad person, without taking into account that what was really meant was that their behaviour had been deemed bad by a person. Phobias tend to have origins within this period, generally from the years of 3 to 7. (Further events generally just reinforce the original traumatizing event) Secondary Socialisation: Occurs from the years 8 to 13. This is when we begin to notice the behaviour of friends, family and heroes. The age of ten being highly significant is often when we begin to emulate our heroes. The environment around the person has a powerful effect upon them. Tertiary Socialization: Occurs from the ages of 14 to 21. This is where we develop relationship and social values. MINDSET: After the age of 21, core values do not change unless a significant emotional event occurs or effective therapy. Normal values change and grow over time During these periods we develop our values in life. Beliefs develop around our values. Beliefs and values have a very powerful affect on your life, because we filter all our information through them.
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PCSO Training Notes WHAT IS PREJUDICE? Prejudice is an opinion or attitude, formed before hand without evidence, thought or reason. The 4 main components are: • • • •
Negative attitudes and beliefs Pre-judgment Judgments based on stereotypical assumptions Judgments based on individual behavior.
ALLPORTS SCALE OF DISCRIMINATION Level 1 – Anti-locution / Bad Mouthing The spoken expression of prejudice e.g.: name-calling People who have prejudices talk about them with people who believe will agree with their views. Occasionally, they may also discuss with people they don’t know if they feel they may express their antagonism freely. Level 2 – Avoidance Avoiding contact with the group they feel prejudiced against even at the cost of considerable inconvenience. The person may not inflict harm on the group they dislike but withdraws from contact with it. Level 3 – Discrimination Where a person in power takes action that disadvantages another. The person excludes all members of the group from activities, certain types of employment, educational opportunities and many other areas. Level 4 – Physical Attacks Where acts of violence, or semi-violence occur – e.g.: slogan daubing, harassment, and attacks of a sexual nature. Level 5 – Extermination Murder or genocide GORDON ALLPORTS SCALE – HOW PREJUDICE MANIFESTS EXTERMINATION PHYSICAL ATTACK DISCRIMINATION AVOIDANCE ANTI-LOCUTION
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PCSO Training Notes The Prejudice / Discrimination Model Prejudiced Discriminator
Prejudiced Non-discriminator
Senior male Police Officer who believes that women cannot deliver all aspects of the police role – he manifests his prejudice by discriminating against female officers when they apply for promotion
The senior manager does not want people with mental health problems on his team, but the HR manager points out his responsibilities under DDA. As a result of this advice, the senior manager rescinds his original directive and opens up employment opportunities for people with health problems.
Non-prejudiced Discriminator
Non-prejudiced Non-discriminator
HR manager who holds strong beliefs that people with mental health problems, appropriately supported, can deliver a particular role. However, because a senior manager in the organisation says he will not employ people who have a history of poor attendance (due to previous problems), the HR officer does not apply the equal DDA policy when people apply to work in the senior managers department.
Senior male police officer that believes all staff should be judged on their ability to do the job, supports promotion of officers from all backgrounds based purely on their merits.
Responses to Dominance When faced with a situation or others expressing a prejudice we can react in one of three ways: W – Withdraw A – Acquiesce R – Resist If we do resist we may become labelled as a troublemaker or a moaner
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PCSO Training Notes Seizure of Vehicles Section: 59 Act: Police Reform Act 2002 Subject: Vehicles Used In Manner Causing Alarm, Distress Or Annoyance (1) Where a constable in uniform has reasonable grounds for believing that a motor vehicle is being used on any occasion in a manner which(a) Contravenes section 3 or 34 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (c. 52) (careless and inconsiderate driving and prohibition of off-road driving), And (b) is causing, or is likely to cause, alarm, distress or annoyance to members of the public, he shall have the powers set out in subsection (3). (2) A constable in uniform shall also have the powers set out in subsection (3) where he has reasonable grounds for believing that a motor vehicle has been used on any occasion in a manner falling within subsection (1). (3) Those powers are(a) power, if the motor vehicle is moving, to order the person driving it to stop the vehicle (b) power to seize and remove the motor vehicle (c) power, for the purposes of exercising a power falling within paragraph (a) or (b), to enter any premises on which he has reasonable grounds for believing the motor vehicle to be (d) power to use reasonable force, if necessary, in the exercise of any power conferred by any of paragraphs to (a) to (c). (4) A constable shall not seize a motor vehicle in the exercise of the powers conferred on him by this section unless(a) he has warned the person appearing to him to be the person whose use falls within subsection (1) that he will seize it, if that use continues or is repeated and (b) it appears to him that the use has continued or been repeated after the warning.
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PCSO Training Notes (5) Subsection (4) does not require a warning to be given by a constable on any occasion on which he would otherwise have the power to seize a motor vehicle under this section if(a) the circumstances make it impracticable for him to give the warning (b) the constable has already on that occasion given a warning under that subsection in respect of any use of that motor vehicle or of another motor vehicle by that person or any other person (c) the constable has reasonable grounds for believing that such a warning has been given on that occasion otherwise than by him or (d) the constable has reasonable grounds for believing that the person whose use of that motor vehicle on that occasion would justify the seizure is a person to whom a warning under that subsection has been given (whether or not by that constable or in respect the same vehicle or the same or a similar use) on a previous occasion in the previous twelve months. (6) A person who fails to comply with an order under subsection (3)(a) is guilty of an offence and shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale. (7) Subsection (3)(c) does not authorise entry into a private dwelling house. (8) The powers conferred on a constable by this section shall be exercisable only at a time when regulations under section 60 are in force. (9) In this section"driving" has the same meaning as in the Road Traffic Act 1988 (c. 52) "motor vehicle" means any mechanically propelled vehicle, whether or not it is intended or adapted for use on roads and "private dwelling house" does not include any garage or other structure occupied with the dwelling house, or any land appurtenant to the dwelling house.
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PCSO Training Notes Section: 3 Act: Road Traffic Act 1988 Subject: Careless, And Inconsiderate Driving A person who drives a mechanically propelled vehicle on a road or other public place without due care and attention or without reasonable consideration for other persons using the road is guilty of an offence. Section: 34 Sub-Section: 1 Act: Road Traffic Act 1988 Subject: Off Road A person commits an offence if without lawful authority drives a mechanically propelled vehicle: • On to any common land, moor land or land of any other description, not being land forming part of a road Or •
On any road being a footpath, bridleway or restricted byway
If you seize a vehicle you must: • • • •
Request recovery via Atlas Court Control Complete an NIR Form Complete an Admin 172 Notice and give top copy to the (No Longer) driver Submit the bottom copy of the Admin 172 to the L.I.O.
Abandoned Vehicles The Road Traffic Regulations Act 1984 – Sec 99 The Secretary of State may make provisions, through the regulations for the removal of vehicles illegally, obstructively or dangerously parked Provision 1 Vehicles on a road in contravention of any statutory prohibition or restriction Provision 2 Vehicles on a Road in a position or condition so as to cause an obstruction or danger to other persons using the road Practical considerations: Make enquires to trace the owner and check if it’s stolen, only when it is proved negative should we consider removal. When will we remove? Where the only grounds for removal are that it is causing an obstruction, the obstruction must be so serious that it ought not remain where it is. Thor-Dale Elsson
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PCSO Training Notes Who authorises removal? The authority of an inspector must be obtained and responsibility for obtaining that authority will be with the officer reporting the incident What do we do after removal? Comrad log to be endorsed showing details of authorising officer / reasons for removal and a removed report placed on PNC by Atlas Court Staff Powers to stop a vehicle for testing An authorised examiner may test a vehicle on a road for the purposes of: Ascertaining whether the requirement imposed by law as to 1. Brakes, Silences, steering, gears, and tyres 2. The prevention or reduction of noise, smoke, fumes or vapour 3. Lighting equipment and reflectors Are complied with And Bring to the notice of the driver any failure to comply with those requirements. The examiner may drive the vehicle for the purposes of the test This is covered by: Section: 67 Act: Road Traffic Act 1988 Subject: Testing of the condition of a vehicle An authorised examiner e.g. a police officer authorised by the Chief Officer of Police, usually specially trained traffic officers, can examine/test the condition of a vehicle and allows for immediate prohibition. A PCSO is given the powers to carry out these duties in accordance with the Police Reform Act 2002. Failure to comply with a requirement to stop is an offence – for which there is a power of arrest and power of entry to effect such an arrest. It is NOT an arrestable offence and can only be carried out by a PC.
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PCSO Training Notes 11th March 2005 Confiscation of Alcohol and Tobacco Section: 1 Sub-Section: 1 Act: Confiscation Of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997 If a constable reasonably suspects that a person in 'relevant place' and is in possession of 'intoxicating liquor' and • Person is under 18, OR • Liquor is intended for consumption by person under 18 in a relevant place, OR • Person under 18 is or recently was with that person and had recently consumed intoxicating liquor in relevant place may require person to surrender anything in possession reasonably believed to be intoxicating liquor and to state name and address. General Points: • Constable may dispose of anything surrendered in a manner considered appropriate. • Person who fails to comply with requirement commits a summary offence. • Constable who imposes requirement shall inform person of suspicion and that failing, without reasonable excuse, to comply would be an offence. • Constable may arrest person who fails to comply with requirement. ' Intoxicating Liquor ' = Spirits, wine, beer, cider and any other fermented, distilled or spirituous liquor. It does NOT include: • any purchased liquor of a strength of 0.5% or less. • any other liquor, which is of strength of 1.2% or less. • perfumes, or • spirit, wines, made wines intended for medication and not as a drink.
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PCSO Training Notes Alcohol Consumption in Designated Public Places Section 12 - Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 12
Alcohol consumption in designated public places (1) Subsection (2) applies if a constable reasonably believes that a person is, or has been, consuming intoxicating liquor in a designated public place or intends to consume intoxicating liquor in such a place. (2) The constable may require the person concerned(a) not to consume in that place anything which is, or which the constable reasonably believes to be, intoxicating liquor; (b) to surrender anything in his possession which is, or which the constable reasonably believes to be, intoxicating liquor or a container for such liquor (other than a sealed container). (3) A constable may dispose of anything surrendered to him under subsection (2) in such manner as he considers appropriate. (4) A person who fails without reasonable excuse to comply with a requirement imposed on him under subsection (2) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale. (5) A constable who imposes a requirement on a person under subsection (2) shall inform the person concerned that failing without reasonable excuse to comply with the requirement is an offence. (6) In section 24(2) of the 1984 Act (offences to which powers of arrest without warrant apply), after paragraph (q) there shall be inserted13
Designated public places (1) A place is, subject to section 14, a designated public place if it is(a) a public place in the area of a local authority; and
(b) identified in an order made by that authority under subsection (2). (2) A local authority may for the purposes of subsection (1) by order identify any public place in their area if they are satisfied that(a) nuisance or annoyance to members of the public or a section of the public; or (b) disorder; has been associated with the consumption of intoxicating liquor in that place. (3) The power conferred by subsection (2) includes power(a) to identify a place either specifically or by description; (b) to revoke or amend orders previously made. (4) The Secretary of State shall by regulations prescribe the procedure to be followed in connection with the making of orders under
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PCSO Training Notes subsection (2). (5) Regulations under subsection (4) shall, in particular, include provision requiring local authorities to publicise the making and effect of orders under subsection (2). (6) Regulations under subsection (4) shall be made by statutory instrument, which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. 14
Places which are not designated public places (1) A place is not a designated public place or a part of such a place if it is(a) licensed premises or a registered club; (b) a place within the curtilage of any licensed premises or registered club; (c) a place where the sale of intoxicating liquor is for the time being authorised by an occasional permission or was so authorised within the last twenty minutes; (d) a place where the sale of intoxicating liquor is not for the time being authorised by an occasional licence but was so authorised within the last twenty minutes; (e) a place where facilities or activities relating to the sale or consumption of intoxicating liquor are for the time being permitted by virtue of a permission granted under section 115E of the Highways Act 1980 (c. 66) (highway related uses). (2) In subsection (1)"licensed premises", "occasional licence" and "registered club" have the same meaning as in the Licensing Act 1964 (c. 26); and "occasional permission" has the same meaning as in the Licensing (Occasional Permissions) Act 1983 (c. 24).
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PCSO Training Notes Confiscation of Tobacco The Children and Young Persons Act 1933 Section 7 Prevents the sale of various tobacco products (and Cigarette papers) to persons apparently under 16 years old. It states: ‘Any person who sells to a person apparently under the age of sixteen years any tobacco or cigarette papers, whether for his own use or not, commits an offence.’ The relevant part for PCSO’s is in relation to the confiscation of tobacco from young people as below: ‘It shall be the duty of a constable and of a park-keeper (or suitably designated PCSO), being in uniform, to seize any tobacco or cigarette papers in the possession of any person apparently under the age of sixteen years whom he finds smoking in any street or public place, and any tobacco or cigarette papers so seized shall be disposed of, if seized by a constable, in such a manner as the police authority may direct.’ Definitions: For the purposes of this section, Tobacco includes: Cigarettes, any product containing tobacco intended for oral or nasal use and smoking mixtures intended as a substitute for tobacco. And Cigarettes include: Cut tobacco rolled up in paper, tobacco leaf (cigars) or other material, in such form as to be capable of immediate use for smoking. Practical notes: For seizure of Tobacco and Alcohol from Young People • •
•
Obtain a name and address of the person from whom items are seized – this should be done before any items are destroyed Where practical destruction must take place at the time of seizure and in the presence of the youth concerned. Liquor will be poured away into a drain. Tobacco will be discarded in such a manner as to make it irretrievable. Where possible, the disposal should be witnessed by an appropriate adult or another officer. At the first opportunity make a full pocket notebook entry recording the exact details of the seizure and disposal
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PCSO Training Notes Dispersal of groups and removal of persons under 16 to their place of residence Anti-Social Behaviour Act 2003 Section 30 30 Dispersal of groups and removal of persons under 16 to their place of residence (1) This section applies where a relevant officer has reasonable grounds for believing(a) that any members of the public have been intimidated, harassed, alarmed or distressed as a result of the presence or behaviour of groups of two or more persons in public places in any locality in his police area (the "relevant locality"), and (b) that anti-social behaviour is a significant and persistent problem in the relevant locality. (2) The relevant officer may give an authorisation that the powers conferred on a constable in uniform by subsections (3) to (6) are to be exercisable for a period specified in the authorisation, which does not exceed 6 months. (3) Subsection (4) applies if a constable in uniform has reasonable grounds for believing that the presence or behaviour of a group of two or more persons in any public place in the relevant locality has resulted, or is likely to result, in any members of the public being intimidated, harassed, alarmed or distressed. (4) The constable may give one or more of the following directions, namely(a) a direction requiring the persons in the group to disperse (either immediately or by such time as he may specify and in such way as he may specify), (b) a direction requiring any of those persons whose place of residence is not within the relevant locality to leave the relevant locality or any part of the relevant locality (either immediately or by such time as he may specify and in such way as he may specify), and (c) a direction prohibiting any of those persons whose place of residence is not within the relevant locality from returning to the relevant locality or any part of the relevant locality for such period (not exceeding 24 hours) from the giving of the direction as he may specify; but this subsection is subject to subsection (5).
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PCSO Training Notes (5) A direction under subsection (4) may not be given in respect of a group of persons(a) who are engaged in conduct which is lawful under section 220 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (c. 52), or (b) who are taking part in a public procession of the kind mentioned in section 11(1) of the Public Order Act 1986 (c. 64) in respect of which(i) written notice has been given in accordance with section 11 of that Act, or (ii) such notice is not required to be given as provided by subsections (1) and (2) of that section. (6) If, between the hours of 9pm and 6am, a constable in uniform finds a person in any public place in the relevant locality who he has reasonable grounds for believing(a) is under the age of 16, and (b) is not under the effective control of a parent or a responsible person aged 18 or over, he may remove the person to the person's place of residence unless he has reasonable grounds for believing that the person would, if removed to that place, be likely to suffer significant harm. (7) In this section any reference to the presence or behaviour of a group of persons is to be read as including a reference to the presence or behaviour of any one or more of the persons in the group.
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PCSO Training Notes 14th March 2005 Penalty Notices for Disorder - Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001 What is it all about? It’s about providing another means of disposal, all previous means of disposal remain but it is not about marching drunken offenders to cash machines. Penalty Notices for Disorder are an option that might save time and provide other benefits £80 Offences: Wasting Police Time / Giving a False Report Sec 5 Criminal law Act Person causes wasteful employment of the Police by knowingly making false reports that: • An offence has been committed • Give rise to apprehension of fear for persons / property • They may have information material to any Police enquiry Sending False Messages Sec 43 (1)(b) Telecommunications Act 1984 • Part (A) deals with Indecent, Abusive and Menacing Calls • Part (B) with calls or messages causing annoyance, inconvenience or needless anxiety Knowingly Give False Alarm to the Fire Brigade Sec 31 (1) Fire Service Act 1947 Causing Harassment, Alarm or Distress Sec 5 Public Order Act 1986 To use in a public place: Threatening, abusive or insulting – Words or Behaviour Disorderly Behaviour -likely to cause harassment, alarm or distress. Throwing Fireworks Sec 80 Explosives Act 1875 Any person who • Throws, Casts or Fires • Any firework into a Highway, Street or thoroughfare or public place • Shall be guilty of an offence
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PCSO Training Notes Drunk and Disorderly Sec 91 Criminal Justice Act 1967 • •
Any person in a public place is guilty while drunk Of Disorderly behaviour
Buying Alcohol for Under 18’s Sec 169 C (2) Licensing Act 1964 It is an offence to purchase in licensed premises • Alcohol for a person under 18 Anomaly is – It is not an offence for an Under 18 to consume Buying Alcohol for Under 18’s for consumption in a Bar Sec 169 C (3) Licensing Act 1964 It is an offence to purchase in licensed premises • Alcohol for a person under 18 to consume in a bar An exception to this offence is if the drink is for a 16 yr old and is ancillary to a meal in a restaurant BE AWARE: PCSO’s do not have powers of entry in to licensed premises. Delivery of Alcohol to a Person Under 18/Allowing Such a Delivery Sec 169 F Licensing Act 1964 A • • •
person who works, paid or unpaid in licensed premises Knowingly delivers or Allows to another to deliver to an Under 18 year old Intoxicating Liquor sold in those premises for consumption off the premises
Breech of Fireworks Curfew Fireworks Regulations 2004 It is an offence for any person to use a firework between 23:00 – 07:00 Except for: Chinese New Year, Bonfire Night, Diwali, New Years Eve Possession of a Cat 4 Firework Fireworks Regulations 2004 There are: • Cat 1 Fireworks • Cat 2 Fireworks • Cat 3 Fireworks • Cat 4 Fireworks
Indoor Garden Spectator Distance 5m Display Spectator Distance 25m Possession Restricted
Possession by an Under 18 of an Adult Firework Fireworks Regulations 2004 •
Of anything other than a Cat 1 Firework for under 18’s is an offence
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PCSO Training Notes £50 Offences: Found Drunk in the Highway Sec 12 Licensing Act 1872 Every person found drunk in any: • Highway or other public place • Whether a building or not, or on licensed premises • Shall be liable Allowing Consumption of Alcohol by an Under 18 in a Bar Sec 169 (E) Licensing Act Any person who works in the licensed premises In a capacity, paid or unpaid Which gives them the authority to prevent the consumption shall be guilty of the offence if, He knowingly allows a Person Under 18 to consume intoxicating liquor in a bar Drinking in a Designated Area Sec 13 Criminal Justice and Police Act It is an offence to refuse to comply with a request from a PCSO / PC not to consume Intoxicating Liquor in a Designated Area Must warn first Depositing Litter Any person who • Throws down, drops or otherwise deposits • In, into or from any place to which this section applies • And leaves, anything so as to cause, contribute to, tend to, lead to the defacement by litter Trespassing on a Railway Sec 55 (1) Transport Commission Act 1949 • • •
Trespass on the line, sidings, embankment or cutting Or lands in dangerous proximity to lines or electrical equipment associated with the operation of the a railway For the offence to be complete there must be a warning sign at the nearest station. (this needs to be noted on the back of the ticket)
Throwing Stones at a Train Sec 56 British Transport Commission Act 1964 Any person who: • Throws a stone or other thing • At or against a train or apparatus on a railway • Which is likely to cause injury to persons or damage to property Thor-Dale Elsson
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PCSO Training Notes Theft
18th March 2005
Section 1 The Theft Act 1968 A • • • • •
person will be guilty of theft if he: Dishonestly Appropriates Property Belonging to another With the intention to permanently deprive.
Defences: • The accused honestly believed he had a right to take the property. • The accused merely borrowed it honestly meaning to give it back. • He thought he had a right in Law to take it Or • By taking reasonable steps he believes he couldn’t trace the owner. Max. Sentence Magistrates Court : 6 months / £5000 Max. Sentence Crown Court : 7 years / unlimited fine Power of Arrest : Arrestable Offence Where Committed : Anywhere Section 2 - Dishonest Appropriation is NOT dishonest if: • There was a belief that he had the right in law to take it. OR • There was a belief he would have had the owners consent had the owner known OR • The owner cannot be traced by taking reasonable steps Section 3 – Appropriates An appropriation is any assumption of the rights of an owner to the property. This would include case such as where the accused comes by the property without stealing it, innocently or not, and then treats it as his own. Section 4 – Property Property includes money and all other property, real or personal, including things in action and other intangible property. A person who picks Mushrooms or flowers, fruit or foliage from a plant growing wild on any land does not steal what he picks unless he does so for reward or sale or other commercial purpose. Wild creatures Inc. the carcass shall be not regarded as property if not tamed or not ordinarily kept in captivity or reduced in to possession e.g. shooting a wild animal, the carcass becomes property unless lost or abandoned.
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PCSO Training Notes Section 5 – Belonging to Another Property belongs to any person who has possession or control of it, or who has in it any proprietary interest. Section 6 – With Intent to permanently deprive The test is whether the person appropriating the property treats it as his own to dispose of regardless of the others rights. e.g. Borrowing something and not returning it. Robbery Section 8 The Theft Act 1968 This offence is committed by any person who steals and immediately before or at the time of doing so and in order to do so uses force on any person or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being then and there subjected to force. Steals: means s1-s7 of the Theft Act 1968 Therefore, if the theft was not dishonest there can be no robbery e.g. reclaiming money owed. Max. Sentence Crown Court : Life Imprisonment Method of Trial : Indictable Power of Arrest : Arrestable Offence Where Committed : Anywhere Burglary Section 9 The Theft Act 1968 Section 9(1)(a) This offence is committed by any person who enters any building or part of a building as a trespasser with intent to steal, inflict GBH or cause damage therein OR Section 9(1)(b) Having entered in such circumstances steals, attempts to steal or inflicts GBH on any person therein. Max. Sentence Magistrates Court : 6 months and/or fine Max. Sentence Crown Court : Dwelling 14 yrs, Other 10 yrs Power of Arrest : Arrestable Offence
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PCSO Training Notes Powers to Request Names and Addresses Police Reform Act 2002, Schedule 4, Part 1, Paragraph 2 sets out the power to detain. It provides that a designated community support officer can require the name and address of a person who he believes to have committed an offence to which the designated powers relate and in the police area to which the designation relates. If the other person fails to comply with the request to give his name and address or gives a name or address which the designated community support officer has reason to believe is false or inaccurate, the designated community support officer can require the other person to wait with him for up to 30 minutes, pending the arrival of constable. The other person may choose, if asked, to accompany the designated community support officer to a police station rather than wait. Any person who fails to comply with the request, by a PCSO, to give his name and address; or who makes off while subject to a requirement to wait for a limited period pending the arrival of a constable; or makes off while accompanying the designated officer to a police station having chosen to be escorted to a police station, will be guilty of an offence. The offence is punishable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale (currently £1000). The powers in this paragraph can be used in relation to: Relevant fixed penalty offences (See Below) or in respect of Offences that appear to have caused alarm, injury or distress to any other person, (Sec 32 Anti Social Behaviour Act) Or The loss of or damage to any other person's property.
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PCSO Training Notes Fixed penalty notices in respect of a range of anti-social behaviour and disorder offences under the Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001. These offences are: • Being drunk in a public highway, other public place or licensed premises (section 12 of the Licensing Act 1872); • Throwing fireworks in a thoroughfare (section 80 of the Explosives Act 1875); • Knowingly giving a false fire alarm to a fire brigade (section 31 of the Fire Service Act 1947); • Trespassing on a railway (section 55 of the British Transport Commission Act 1949); • Throwing stones etc. at trains or other things on railways (section 56 of the British Transport Commission Act 1949); • Buying or attempting to buy alcohol for consumption in a bar in licensed premises by a person under 18 (section 169C(3) of the Licensing Act 1964); • Disorderly behaviour while drunk in a public place (section 91 of the Criminal Justice Act 1967); • Wasting police time by giving false report (section 5(2) of the Criminal Law Act 1967); • Using public telecommunications system for sending message known to be false in order to cause annoyance (section 43(1)(b) of the Telecommunications Act 1984); • Behaviour likely to cause harassment, alarm or distress (section 5 of the Public Order Act 1986); • Consumption of alcohol in designated public place (section 12 of Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001). Fixed penalty notices can also be issued for offences of: • Cycling on a footway (section 54 of the Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 in respect of section 72 of the Highway Act 1835); • Dog fouling (section 4 of the Dogs (Fouling of land) Act 1996) • Litter (section 88 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990). If a person does make off without giving a name then we should: • • • • • •
Call for a PC Circulate a description and direction of travel Record details of the incident – PNB Record as good a description as possible (10 point Description) Submit Intelligence regarding the incident on an NIR Form Contact the LIO re the description with a view to identifying the suspect
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PCSO Training Notes Drug Awareness Basic Hygiene • • •
No Bare Hands Do NOT Smell Do NOT Taste
‘Lawful’ Possession In any proceedings for an offence under subsection (2) Misuse of Drugs Act in which it is proved that the accused had a controlled drug in his possession, it shall be a defence for him to prove• That, knowing or suspecting it to be a controlled drug, he took possession of it for the purpose of preventing another from committing or continuing to commit an offence in connection with that drug and that as soon as possible after taking possession of it he took all such steps as were reasonably open to him to destroy the drug or to deliver it into the custody of a person lawfully entitled to take custody of it; Or • That, knowing or suspecting it to be a controlled drug, he took possession of it for the purpose of delivering it into the custody of a person lawfully entitled to take custody of it and that as soon as possible after taking possession of it he took all such steps as were reasonably open to him to deliver it into the custody of such a person.
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PCSO Training Notes 22nd March 2005
Terrorism and Cordons
There are certain things to consider when dealing with a Terrorist threat and the implementation of a cordon. These are: • • • • • • • • •
Where has the information about the threat come from? A FULL description of the object The EXACT location of the object Are sensitive or diplomatic premises involved? Is anyone visiting / due to visit the premises who is a VIP? Has the informant / witness been questioned? Time the object was discovered Local Knowledge Is the date significant?
Who should you tell? • Atlas Court Control Room • District Supervisor Safe Distances What is the minimum safe distance for a cordon? This will depend on the size of the suspect object, • • •
Small Briefcase Sized Object = Car / Large Sized Object = Van / HGV Sized Object =
100m 200m 300m
Should people in a building within a cordon always be evacuated? Some companies have ‘Safe Areas’ within a building – if so there is no need to evacuate. While in an area how can you protect yourself? • Use walls as cover • Avoid heavily glazed areas • Avoid using personal radios / mobile phones within 25m • Avoid using Airwaves within 10m A • • • •
Police Officer in uniform has the power to: Order people to leave the area immediately Order anyone within a building in a cordoned area to leave Order drivers of vehicles to move them Prohibit / restrict access by vehicle or on foot
• PCSO’s: • Should assist a constable to enforce the cordon • If first on the scene, request supervision • Establish the cordon REMEMBER • Personal Safety • Safety of the Public
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PCSO Training Notes •
We have no power of arrest if the public fail to comply – PC’s Only
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PCSO Training Notes Property There are three categories of property: • • •
Found Property Lost Property Seized Property – Property Other Than Found (P.O.T.F.)
Lost Property Report of Loss • Take report–Fill all details of the loss in the Lost Property Book • Description o What it is o Colour o Size o Make and Model o Marks o Serial Numbers o Security Marks o Cost or Value o Where and When Lost •
Check other registers–such as Found Property / Neighbouring Stations
Found Property •
Take a report-Fill in all details of the property in the Found Property Book • Description o What it is o Colour o Size o Make and Model o Marks o Serial Numbers o Security Marks o Cost or Value o Where and When Lost • •
Issue a receipt Check other registers–such as Lost Property / Neighbouring Stations & CMS II
If a PCSO should find property or have property handed to them they should: • Make a PNB Entry with • FULL Details / Description of the item, • Who found it • When and where it was found
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PCSO Training Notes • Get the person handing the item to the PCSO to sign the PNB • When returned to the station – fill in the found property book as above Property Other Than Found – (P.O.T.F.) This can come from various sources but usually as a result of CRIME and items are seized by police under Section 19 PACE Act. These items are now classed as an exhibit and a GEN86 (May2004) MUST be completed and attached to the item, the P.O.T.F register MUST be completed before the idem is packaged and placed into the property store. Found Dogs If a dog is found or handed to a PCSO then you must consider the following: • • • • • •
Health and Safety – both of yourself and of the public Take the dog to the Police Kennels Check the Lost Dog Book Record in the Found Dog Book Check for Identifying marks If unsuccessful in tracing the owner – Pass to the Local Kennels for disposal
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PCSO Training Notes 23rd March 2005 Airwaves Airwaves is the new TETRA Standard DIGITALLY TRUNKED Radio System used by South Yorkshire Police. There are 250 Talk-groups in South Yorkshire. The Benefits of the System are: • Clarity • Security o If lost – 1hr to find it, then ring Atlas Court 6607 o It will then be stunned – made inactive o If unable to be found – will then be “Fried” rendered inoperable • Personal Issue o On person at all times when on duty o In Locker when off duty • Better Officer Safety o Orange Emergency Button o Gives 10 secs of hands free talk time, which overrides all other voice traffic. • Guaranteed Coverage PIN Number – 0014 CALLS If you need to call an officer on their Airwaves terminal from a South Yorkshire Phone Extension then Dial 79 + Collar Number of the Officer. COVERT In the COVERT Mode All lights and alerts are switched off and the microphone is enhanced X 10 TRANSMIT INHIBIT This is used when in Hospitals and Custody Suites where the terminal may interfere with sensitive equipment. To activate: PRESS AND HOLD THE 5 KEY and then PRESS THE GREEN KEY TO SWITCH ON / OFF IMPORTANT: Always turn off the Terminal using the Mode Key before removing the Battery – Failure to do this will result in the terminal losing all data. Further information on Airwaves can be found in Airwaves Terminal Guide.
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PCSO Training Notes 24th March 2005 Anti Social Behaviour Orders & Acceptable Behaviour Contracts Crime and Disorder Act 1998 1. - (1) An application for an order under this section may be made by a relevant authority if it appears to the authority that the following conditions are fulfilled with respect to any person aged 10 or over, namely(a) that the person has acted, since the commencement date, in an anti-social manner, that is to say, in a manner that caused or was likely to cause harassment, alarm or distress to one or more persons not of the same household as himself; and (b) that such an order is necessary to protect persons in the local government area in which the harassment, alarm or distress was caused or was likely to be caused from further anti-social acts by him; and in this section "relevant authority" means the council for the local government area or any chief officer of police any part of whose police area lies within that area. (2) A relevant authority shall not make such an application without consulting each other relevant authority. (3) Such an application shall be made by complaint to the magistrates' court whose commission area includes the place where it is alleged that the harassment, alarm or distress was caused or was likely to be caused. (4) If, on such an application, it is proved that the conditions mentioned in subsection (1) above are fulfilled, the magistrates' court may make an order under this section (an "anti-social behaviour order") which prohibits the defendant from doing anything described in the order. (5) For the purpose of determining whether the condition mentioned in subsection (1)(a) above is fulfilled, the court shall disregard any act of the defendant which he shows was reasonable in the circumstances. (6) The prohibitions that may be imposed by an anti-social behaviour order are those necessary for the purpose of protecting from further anti-social acts by the defendant(a) persons in the local government area; and (b) persons in any adjoining local government area specified in the application for the order; and a relevant authority shall not specify an adjoining local government area in the application without consulting the council for that area and each chief officer of police any part of whose police area lies within that area. (7) An anti-social behaviour order shall have effect for a period (not less than two years) specified in the order or until further order. (8) Subject to subsection (9) below, the applicant or the defendant may apply by complaint to the court which made an anti-social behaviour
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PCSO Training Notes order for it to be varied or discharged by a further order. (9) Except with the consent of both parties, no anti-social behaviour order shall be discharged before the end of the period of two years beginning with the date of service of the order. (10) If without reasonable excuse a person does anything which he is prohibited from doing by an anti-social behaviour order, he shall be liable(a) on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, or to both; or (b) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to a fine, or to both. (11) Where a person is convicted of an offence under subsection (10) above, it shall not be open to the court by or before which he is so convicted to make an order under subsection (1)(b) (conditional discharge) of section 1A of the Powers of Criminal Courts Act 1973 ("the 1973 Act") in respect of the offence. (12) In this section"the commencement date" means the date of the commencement of this section; "local government area" means(a) in relation to England, a district or London borough, the City of London, the Isle of Wight and the Isles of Scilly; (b) in relation to Wales, a county or county borough.
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PCSO Training Notes Assaults Offences Against The Person Act 1861 An Assault is “any act where a person intentionally or recklessly causes another person to apprehend immediate and unlawful violence.” Battery is “where a person intentionally or recklessly applies unlawful force to another person.” A future threat is not an assault Actual Bodily Harm - Section 47 Offences Against The Person Act 1861 *This is an Arrestable Offence
It is an offence to assault any person thereby occasioning actual bodily harm. This includes any hurt or injury calculated to interfere with the health or comfort of the victim but not mounting to Grievous Bodily Harm. Wounding /Causing Grievous Bodily Harm With Intent - Section 18 Offences Against The Person Act 1861 *This is an Arrestable Offence
It is an offence to unlawfully and maliciously by any means whatsoever cause or inflict a wound or cause grievous bodily harm to any person with intent to do some GBH OR with intent to resist or prevent the lawful apprehension or detainer or any person. Grievous Bodily Harm Or Unlawful Wounding - Section 20 Offences Against The Person Act 1861 *This is an Arrestable Offence
It is an offence to unlawfully and maliciously cause or inflict grievous bodily harm (e.g. broken bones, cut of the skin) upon any person with or without a weapon or instrument.
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PCSO Training Notes Scenes of Crime What to do when first at a crime scene: • • • •
Secure the Scene Keep people away – Keep the area sterile Look for evidence – Keep it secure Avoid Contamination - of the scene and or any evidence.
•
If moving items – USE GLOVES o Move it somewhere safe o Record what’s happened – Where moved from / to o Keep the gloves worn – Hand them in! o No Gloves? – Use a carrier bag etc – as above Hand it in.
•
At Major Scenes o Use natural barriers to set perimeters. o Secure the largest area possible o Use a common approach path from the perimeter to the scene.
•
If you find items / possible evidence outside a property: o Protect from the elements at all costs o Move the objects indoors if you have to o remember to note where found and when and where moved to. o Protect the Point Of Entry – Bin Liners are good for this! o Do the best you can! Any evidence is better than NO evidence.
Thor-Dale Elsson
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PCSO Training Notes Stop and Search •
Can only be done by a PC but a PCSO may be required to assist!
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A GEN 164 is to be completed, a copy of which is to be given to the person stopped.
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Grounds for the search Object of the search
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Warrant Card (if in plain clothes) Identity of the Officer Station to which attached Entitlement to copy of the search (GEN 164) Legal power used Your treatment – must be courteous, considerate and respectful
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PCSO’s will be doing Stop and Account as of 4/4/05 Under the Terrorism Act 2000 PCSO’s can stop and search without reason under Chief Superintendent direction.
Thor-Dale Elsson
Page 46