Tidbits Grand Forks - September 7 , 2017 by Tidbits of Grand Forks - East Grand Forks

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This week has been a busy one in years past. Follow along as Tidbits looks at several historical events from September 3 to 9. • The Seattle Mariners stepped onto the field to face the Boston Red Sox at Fenway Park on September 3, 1981. Little did they know they would be playing in the longest game that stadium has never known – 20 innings – and that the game wouldn’t actually be complete until the next day. The game was tied 7-7 after 19 innings of play when it was suspended by the American League curfew rule, which stated that no inning could begin after 1 A.M. The competition was resumed the following evening prior to that night’s scheduled game. The Mariners were the victors by a score of 8-7.

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• Only 118,287 Edsels were built, with just 2,846 vehicles produced for the 1960 model. Overall, the company lost $350 million ($2.9 billion in today’s dollars) on the venture. • Sonya Thomas has held an interesting record

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the U.S. Chicken Wing Eating Championship by consuming 183 Buffalo wings in 12 minutes at the National Buffalo Wings Festival in Buffalo, New York. Sonja is a member of the International Federation of Competitive Eating and holds records in more than 25 eating competitions. Earlier in 2011, she nabbed the hot dog eating contest for women by gobbling down 40 hot dogs in 10 minutes. The following year she broke her own record, eating 46 hot dogs. Other records include 44 lobsters in 12 minutes, 38 Moonpies in 8 minutes, and 250 tater tots in 5 minutes. Her favorite competition foods are hard-boiled eggs, oysters, and chicken wings. She keeps her weight under control by exercising two hours a day on an incline treadmill.

• In September of 1960, light heavyweight boxer Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr. traveled to Rome, Italy, to participate in the Summer Olympics. He was just 18 years old, but won all four of his matches, even defeating the three-time European champion. Clay was awarded the gold medal on September 5, 1960, and turned professional shortly afterward. In 1964, he converted to Islam and changed his name to Muhammad Ali. Ali retired from boxing in 1981, and turned to charitable work. Three years later, he was diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease, attributed to his many boxing-related brain injuries. After struggling with the disease for many years, Ali passed away in June of 2016. ...continued

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SPORTS QUIZ 1. T or F: The last National League starting pitcher before the National’s Stephen Strasburg in 2016 to start a season 11-0 took place over 30 years ago. 2. Who hit more home runs in his final major-league season: Mickey Mantle or Ted Williams? 3. The MN Vikings have been to the Super Bowl 4 times. What year was the last one?

4. Gregg Popovich holds the NBA coaching record for most victories with one team (1,150 with Spurs entering the 2017-18 season). Who is No. 2? 5. When was the last time before the 2016-17 season (Connor McDavid) that an Edmonton Oilers player was the NHL’s leader in points? 6. Who was the Green Bay Packers’ starting QB before Brett Favre?

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THIS WEEK IN HISTORY (cont'd):

• America’s first Labor Day holiday took place on September 5, 1882, when more than 10,000 workers gathered in New York City for a parade originating at City Hall, followed by a picnic, concert, and speeches. The activity was organized by New York’s Central Labor Union to demonstrate the expansion of labor movements and their ability to improve working conditions. Labor Day was made an official national holiday in 1894. • The New York Yankees played their final game at New York’s Polo Grounds on September 5, 1922. It was the final game of the World Series, with the Yanks playing the New York Giants, who took the Series 4 games to none. Yankee Stadium opened for the 1923 season. • On the sixth of September, 1899, Carnation processed its first can of evaporated milk in Kent, Washington. Technically, the company was known as the Pacific Coast Condensed Milk Company, and wasn’t renamed Carnation until 1901. Evaporated milk is made by removing about 60% of milk’s water through a vacuum process, then homogenizing, sealing in cans, and sterilizing through a canning process. • The community of Canton, Ohio opened the doors of the Pro Football Hall of Fame on September 7, 1963. It was an appropriate spot for the Hall, considering that the NFL was founded in Canton in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association. Currently, there are 310 members of the NFL Hall of Fame. It’s estimated that there are about 208 million NFL fans in the United States. Of this number, only 7% ever get to go to a live game, while 93% have to be content to watch the games on television. ...continued

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• On Sept. 13, 1814, Francis Scott Key pens a poem that is later set to music and in 1931 becomes America's national anthem, "The StarSpangled Banner." The poem, originally titled "The Defence of Fort McHenry," was written after Key witnessed the Maryland fort being bombarded by the British during the War of 1812. • On Sept. 15, 1858, the new Overland Mail Company sends out its first two stages, inaugurating government mail service to the western U.S. In 1857, Congress had authorized a $600,000 yearly subsidy for whatever company could transport the mail twice a week from St. Louis to San Francisco in less than 25 days. • On Sept. 17, 1923, a fire threatening the University of California at Berkeley kills two people and destroys nearly 1,000 houses, including half of the fraternity and sorority houses. The National Guard was quickly called in to stop the looting. • On Sept. 16, 1943, James Alan McPherson, the first black man to win a Pulitzer Prize for fiction, is born in Savannah, Georgia. His Pulitzerwinning short story collection, "Elbow Room," was published in 1977. • On Sept. 12, 1953, Sen. John Fitzgerald Kennedy of Massachusetts marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, a photographer for the Washington Times-Herald, in Rhode Island. Kennedy was elected the 35th president of the United States seven years later. • On Sept. 14, 1964, writer John Steinbeck is presented the U.S. Medal of Freedom. His first novel, "Tortilla Flat," about the comic antics of several rootless drifters who share a house in California, was published in 1935. • On Sept. 11, 1985, Cincinnati Reds player-manager Pete Rose gets the 4,192nd hit of his career, breaking Ty Cobb's major-league record. Rose retired in 1986, but remained in his position as manager until 1989, when he was banned from baseball for gambling on Reds games. © 2017 King Features Synd., Inc.

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THIS WEEK IN HISTORY (cont'd):

• Neonatal facilities today take the incubator for granted for the care of newborn babies, but until September 7, 1888, no American baby had ever been placed in one. Edith Eleanor McLean was born that day to Scottish immigrants, weighing 2 lbs., 7 oz., with Dr. William Derning in charge of the delivery, becoming the first preemie to be treated as such. Derning was the first American doctor to try what he called a “hatching cradle,” an incubator heated with a 15-gallon reservoir of warm water. The device underwent several improvements over the next several years, and became a popular exhibit at the 1904 World’s Fair, where 14 metal-framed glass incubators were attended by nurses caring for endangered newborns from orphanages and poor families. • One of the world’s favorite comic strips, “Blondie,” has been around for nearly 90 years. Drawn by creator Chic Young, the cartoon first appeared in newspapers on September 8, 1930. For the first 2 ½ years, Blondie Boopadoop and Dagwood Bumstead dated, finally marrying in February, 1933. The Bumstead family, including children Alexander and Cookie, reside in Joplin, Missouri, where Dagwood is the office manager at the J.C. Dithers Construction Company. The comic strip was responsible for the term “Dagwood sandwich,” since Dagwood loves building enormous sandwiches on the kitchen table. The strip was drawn by Chic until his death in 1973, when the reins were passed to his son Dean Young, who continues to draw “Blondie.” The popular cartoon appears in more than 2,000 newspapers in 47 countries, and is translated into 35 languages. • When Britain’s Queen Victoria passed away in January of 1901, she was the longest-reigning British monarch in history, reigning 63 years, 7 months, and 2 days. Her great-great-granddaughter Queen Elizabeth II surpassed Victoria’s record on September 9, 2015.

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MOLD

September is Mold Awareness Month, and time for Tidbits to present some fun facts you may not know about this fungus. • There are thousands of species of mold, some good, some bad. Mold is made up of multicellular filaments known as hyphae. They can be any color and each species is adapted to different moisture conditions, from damp to soaking wet. Mold can grow on soil, plants, decaying matter, food, or any wet materials. • Mold requires three conditions to grow – a temperature range between 40 and 100 degrees F (4 and 38 C), a food source of organic material, and moisture. Because mold is heterotrophic, it cannot make its own food like plants do, and must acquire its nutrients from an organic source. • While mold can ruin food, crops, wood, paint, carpeting, furniture, books, and other porous material, it has an important role in the production of antibiotics. In the 1920s, English researcher Dr. Alexander Fleming isolated a chemical from the mold, Penicillium notatum. As Fleming was studying a certain bacteria, a sample of the bacteria Staphylococcus was infected by some mold. Fleming observed that all the bacteria close to the mold were dying. He discovered that the disease-causing Staphylococcus bacteria were constantly rebuilding their cell walls to preserve their structure. The mold penetrated and destroyed the walls and killed the bacteria. • Since the introduction of antibiotics, deaths from infectious bacterial diseases have been reduced to just one-twentieth of what they were in the early 1900s.

• Mold is also important to the Earth’s ecosystem, as it breaks down decaying organic matter, such as dead leaves and trees, on the forest floor. • Although mold can be beneficial, there are many strains that can create health problems. A Mayo Clinic study indicates that nearly all sinus infections are caused by inhaling mold organisms. An allergic reaction to mold causes inflammation of the membranes of the nose and sinus cavities. It’s suggested that those who suffer from chronic sinus infections have their home inspected for mold. • Other studies suggest a link between Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and mold. It’s suggested that the common mold Scopulariopsis brevicaulis grows in the crib mattress as the result of the moisture from sweat, urine, and spitting up. The mold consumes the chemicals found in the mattress cover – phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony – which results in the production of nerve gasses that can be deadly to infants. • Every home has some type of mold somewhere. Controlling excessive moisture and condensation is the key to curbing mold growth in the home. Items that are wet for more than 48 hours are very likely to produce mold. Just cleaning up mold without fixing a moisture problem will not eliminate growth. It’s not limited to homes with flooding or water damage – an unvented shower in the bathroom, a lawn sprinkler, or an undetected slow water drip can all promote the growth of mold. • Even if your home hasn’t had excessive moisture leading to mold growth, you can still experience health issues just by being exposed to the wide variety of fungal spores found in the air we breathe. Mold can contribute to everything from nosebleeds to inflammation of the lungs, to mold toxicity that can cause a person to lose motor and cognitive functions.

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• It was 17th-century French philosopher Rene Descartes who made the following sage observation: "If you would be a real seeker after truth, it is necessary that at least once in your life you doubt, as far as possible, all things." • Does the sight of a bald eagle inspire you with patriotism? If so, you can thank John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, who overruled Benjamin Franklin when deciding on the national bird. Had Franklin had his way, we'd be looking to find national pride in the somewhat more humble turkey. • When you think of large tire manufacturers, the companies that immediately spring to mind are probably Goodyear and Michelin. You might be surprised to learn, then, that the world's largest manufacturer of tires is actually Danish toy company The Lego Group. It's true; they produce more tires than any other manufacturer. (Just don't try to put them on your car.) • The active ingredient in aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, is derived from the bark of the willow tree. • Those who study such things say that when buying beer at the grocery store, men tend to get six-packs, while women are more likely to stock up with 12-packs. • In 2010, a man in Canada heard a strange sound coming from a dumpster in his neighborhood. When he looked in, he was shocked to find a newborn baby. He rescued the infant, of course, and took it to the authorities. It was only later that he found out that he was the baby's father. *** Thought for the day: "Marriage is like college; as great as it is, it ain't for everybody." -- Ray Charles © 2017 King Features Synd., Inc.

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This week, Tidbits is going crackers, bringing you the facts on some of our favorite little biscuits. • The most common crackers are soda crackers, also known as saltines. These are a leavened bread that rises for 20 to 30 hours, after which alkaline soda is added to neutralize the acidity produced by the yeast, After the hours of rising, the dough rests for four more hours before being rolled out then baked. • When the cracker as we know it was introduced in 1876 by a Missouri company, F.L. Sommer & Company, they used baking soda as leavening, calling the thin wafers Premium Soda Crackers. When they started sprinkling them with coarse salt, they were also called saltines. Sommer merged with American Biscuit Company in 1890, then became Nabisco in 1898. • Why do saltines have those little holes on top? As the crackers bake, the outer layer of dough hardens first, limiting the release of gasses. The perforations provide for this release and prevent the cracker from puffing up. • Sylvester Graham was a Connecticut vegetarian clergyman, who lectured regularly on the benefits of a healthy diet and lifestyle. He refused to consume refined grains, meat, or alcohol. In 1829, Sylvester created a recipe for a cracker made from a coarsely ground whole wheat flour that kept the bran in the flour, using no fat or refined sugar. It became known as the Graham cracker, but it tasted nothing like the “Honey Grahams” we eat today. The distinctive taste of graham cracker flour is attributed to the size of the flour particles used, with an exact combination of small, medium, and large particles. An incorrect combination leads to either crumbly or lumpy flour. ...continued

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DIFFERENCES: 1. Sign is missing. 2. Pen is missing. 3. Hand is moved. 4. Sleeve is shorter. 5. Number is different. 6. Hair is different.

• We’ve been snacking on Cheez-Its since 1921, when a Dayton, Ohio, company introduced them. Today these cheddar snack squares are Answer: Dell. manufactured by Kellogg’s. Each cracker meaVERY NUMBER sures 26 A x 24 mm,LARGE almost one square inch. • Edward Kasner was a mathematician. In 1938 • Matzo crackers are unleavened flatbread that he was asked to come up with a name for a are anlarge important part the Jewish very number: theofnumeral one, Passover followed celebration. Kosher matzo is made fromyoung flour by a hundred zeros. He asked his two and water what only,name and the must be wheat, nephews theyflour would suggest. spelt, barley, rye, or oat. • Nine-year-old Milton suggested a name out of the A cartooninstrip character • Oysters are funnies. not an ingredient oyster cracknamed Barney was very popular. Milton ers! They’ve been given the name becausechose they Barney’s last name foroyster the number. are often served with stew and chow•ders. Kasner announced the newinname theEngbig They were developed 1842 for by an number in his next book, altering the spelling. lish baker, Adam Exton, who had immigrated •toSixty later, Larry Page and Sergey Brin Newyears Jersey. developed a new internet search engine. Other • We’ve been snacking on Goldfish crackers search engines searched each webpage and since 1962. Pepperidge founder ranked them accordingFarm to how manyMargaret times a Rudkin discovered the cracker while on a and trip specific term appeared on them, but Page toBrin Switzerland and search broughtengine the recipe home. designed their to search for Today, about term 142 billion Goldfish arehow produced the specific and then find out many linksyear. thereThere wereare that2.5ledcalories back toin that each eachpage, fish, whichtranslates resulted in search which to a55better crackers forengine. 140 calories. They crackers decided were they created neededin England a name inthat • •Animal the reflected how many websites the States. search late 1800s and exported to the United engine was searching. They took the name They were so popular that American bakof Edward Kasner’s very large number, only ers began devising their own with the they misspelled it slightly, so itrecipe, ended up being Stauffer firsttheto cartoon release spelled Biscuit exactly Company the same the way animal crackers in the U.S. in 1871. Nabisco character Barney spelled his last name. What’s started selling Barnum’s Animals in a circus it called? (Answer at bottom of page) train box inCOMPUTER 1902 for 5 FACTS cents. The box was meant as said, a Christmas to •originally In 1981 Bill Gates “640 kbornament of memory beought hungtofrom the tree by a string. Today, about be enough for anybody.” 8,000 miles of string are used in the packag• Moore’s Law states that computer performance ing of Barnum’s crackers.and Theever crackers doubles every 18animal to 24 months, since are baked Nabisco’s 1971, thisathas been true.New Jersey factory in a 300-foot-long (91.4 m) oven for about four • HP, Google, Microsoft, and Apple were all minutes, started inyielding garages.12,000 crackers per minute. Each box contains 22 crackers with 19 differAnswer: Google, from googol. ent animals.

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Quiz Answers

6. The Romantics 1. Herb and Tootsie in 1984 7. High Definition Woodley. 2. Elvis Presley Multimedia 3. Gerald Ford Interface 8. 1939 4. True (27) 5. Orange

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Sports Answers 1. True. Andy 4. Jerry Sloan won 1,127 games Hawkins of the Padres in with Utah (1988-2011) 1985. 2. Williams: 29 5. Wayne Gretzky, in the 1986-87 Mantle: 18 3. 1977 - Super season. 6. Don Majkowski Bowl XI

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