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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks March 4, 2021
Published by: Wick Publications
701-740-0968
Issue # 1,209
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GENERIC by Janet Spencer
• The word “generic” comes from the same Latin root word “gene” which means “birth” or “beand gives us “genus” meaning race, class, Hair Loss Hospital get” or kind. It’s also the root of “general” meaning • REPAIR • REFRESH “affecting or involving all” as opposed to be• RECLAIM ing specific. A general store sells all goods; a general hospital treats all ailments; a general Call to learn about in the army leads all men. The word “generic” Hair Loss Therapy! refers to all members of a group. It also means 701-739-2403 “no longer protected by a specific trademark.” 2600 DeMers Ave. • Genericide is when a company’s protectable Grand Forks, ND trademark morphs into a synonym for the entire product category. The name, once protected by trademark law, enters the public domain. Here are some samples. • In Connecticut in the 1870s, William Frisbie owned a pie company. All of the pies came with a returnable tin pie plate with the bakery’s name stamped on the bottom. The pies were popular at Yale University, and William David Kent noted that few of the pie tins were ever re2534 17th Ave. S. Grand Forks turned from there. He found that the students 218-779-5458 had discovered the pie tins would fly. Instead dkent@nodakins.net of demanding the return of the pie tins, he spread the word that they made a great toy, and it became a fad. Pie sales soared. In 1955, ay hello to Liberty and we’ll work to get you the Wham-O bought the rights to the toy and made them out of biggest refund possible as fast as possible. plastic instead of tin, changing the spelling of the now-generic name to Frisbee. ORGANIC SALON SPA
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GENERIC PRODUCTS (cont.)
• Canadian physician and geologist Abraham Gesner developed a combustible hydrocarbon liquid made from coal tar and shale oils in the late 1840s and trademarked the substance as Kerosene in 1854. The name comes from the Greek “keros” meaning “wax” because of the waxy oils it came from. After the discovery of petroleum in 1859, Kerosene was made from that instead. The trademark held for several decades until it became popular across many countries for use in lamps, heaters, and stove. • Charles Seeberger invented the escalator in 1897 and patented the innovation in 1900. He named it the escalator after “scala” which is Latin for “steps” or “scale.” The word “escalate” came into vogue after Seeberger’s invention became popular. He sold the patent rights to Otis Elevator Company in 1910, and they held the trademark until 1950 when the U.S. Patent Office ruled that escalator had become a generic term for moving stairways. • George Dempster and his brothers started up a construction company that they named after themselves: The Dempster Construction Company. In 1935 they built and trademarked the DempsterDumpster, a garbage machine that could dump tons of refuse into the rear of the truck, and crushing it before unloading it. Soon, municipalities started putting in orders and it became so popular that the word “dumpster” entered the popular vernacular as a generic term. • Bubble Wrap was invented in 1957 by New Jersey engineers Alfred Fielding and Marc Chavannes, who fused two shower curtains together in an attempt to make an unusual wallpaper. Later it was marketed as insulation for greenhouses. Originally called Air Cap, they later trademarked the name Bubble Wrap. It became popular after IBM started using it to protect computers being shipped and subsequently became generified. ...cont'd © 2021 King Features Synd., Inc.
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4. What Asian arena was the site of James “Buster” Douglas’ shocking 1990 knockout victory over Mike Tyson? 5. Running back Curt Warner and quarterback Kurt Warner both played (at different times) for what NFL franchise? 6. How many times has Tiger Woods played in The Masters tournament? 7. What year did the Jaguars begin playing in the NFL?
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GENERIC PRODUCTS (cont.)
• The Thermos was invented by Scottish scientist James Dewar in 1892 when he joined two flasks, one inside the other and joined at the neck. The brand was named for “therme” which is the Greek word for heat. It first hit shelves in 1904, quickly becoming popular. Though a fight was put up, the name of “thermos” entered the public domain in 1963. • Charles Browne Fleet was a pharmacist who invented a variety of products still found in drug stores today. One of his more successful ideas was ChapStick, which he formulated in the 1890s. He was never able to find the right niche market for this product, and sold the formula and the trademark to John Morton for $5 in 1912. Morton and his wife made the emollient in their kitchen, but changed the packaging. Whereas Fleet had but the balm into small lengths that looked like small candles, then wrapped it in paper, Morton’s wife had the idea to package it in a tube. Today Americans spend over $200 million each year on the ubiquitous, and genericized, chapstick. • In 1905 a popular brand of soft drink came in powdered form and had to be mixed with water and stirred vigorously. Frank Epperson left his soft drink on the porch of his San Francisco home with a stir stick still in the glass. That night record low temperatures hit the area, and the next morning he found his leftover soda frozen solid to the straw. It was very tasty, like a frozen lollipop. He applied for a patent and named it the Eppsicle. However, his children called it the Popsicle, since it was manufactured by their dad, and the name stuck. When it debuted at a California amusement park in 1924 selling for a nickel, it was an instant hit. The product line was eventually bought out by Good Humor, by which time the popsicle was already well on its way to generification. ...continued
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GENERIC PRODUCTS (cont.)
• Harry Greenwald, an inventor from Brooklyn, came up with the concept for laundromats in the 1940s. He was inspired by a restaurant where he frequently purchased his weekday lunches. It was called The Automat, and it featured food served behind protective glass doors which would be lifted up when someone deposited the required coins. Greenwald showed Westinghouse how the same technology could be applied to washers and dryers. The Laundromat was born, and entered the public domain forthwith. • In 1917 Earle Dickson was working for Johnson & Johnson as a cotton buyer, because cotton was used in bandages. His wife was constantly nicking her fingers in the kitchen, but the only bandages that Johnson & Johnson produced were far too bulky to protect small cuts on fingers. One day Earle sat down and unrolled some surgical tape, then affixed small pads of sterile gauze to the center of the strip of tape. He re-rolled the tape and showed his wife how she could unroll just a little piece of tape, cut it off the roll, and center the pad of gauze over her wound. This way she could bandage her wounds on her own.
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Call us: 701-757-0421 HandSElectricalServices.com Accurate Quotes and Exceptional Service! • When Earle mentioned this invention to a fellow employee at Johnson & Johnson, he was encouraged to take the idea to management. Management agreed it was a good idea, but sales were slow at first and the product was nearly dropped. Then it was re-configured so that instead of being on a long continuous roll, the bandages were packaged individually. Then they offered these small bandages to Boy Scout troops across the nation free of charge. This resulted in a bandage boom, and Earle Dickson was promoted to vicepresident of the company. By the time he died in 1961, Johnson & Johnson was selling $30 billion worth of his product annually, now generically known as the band-aid.
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If you're in a rural area or don't have broadband at home, the VA has coordinated with various groups and businesses to create locations for you to use for talking privately to your health care providers. The American Legion, VFW and certain Walmarts are part of the Accessing Telehealth through Local Area Stations (ATLAS) program. Go to connectedcare. va.gov/partners/atlas for locations near you. The Microsoft Airband Initiative is charged with creating broadband (high speed) in rural areas. Look at microsoft.com/corporate-responsibility/airband. (While you're there, check into the Microsoft Software & Systems Academy, 18 weeks of training for high-paying jobs.) Additionally, you could be eligible for the FCC's Lifeline program, which subsidizes broadband and phone service for low-income veterans and veterans who get the following: Medicaid, SNAP, SSI, pension and survivors benefits, and more. Check lifelinesupport.org or call 800-234-9473. Get started by contacting a VA social worker, who will have all the details and can determine your eligibility.
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COVID Isolation Affects Our Mental Health, Too
COVID hits seniors hard. Many of us have underlying medical conditions that make a diagnosis of COVID very risky in terms of recovery. But the lockdown from the pandemic has another risky side: mental health disorders. Whether we're living at home, in a retirement center or a care facility, our isolation has been very stressful. A survey conducted in June concluded that seniors were less negatively affected than other age groups when it comes to mental health. They say we have better emotional regulation, which means we don't react as strongly to negative events. But the study was done when we were only a few months into this new way of living. (Even the study mentions that as a caveat.) Now eight more months have passed. Holidays without family. Missed doctor appointments. We've had to take a crash course in online chat to be able to see and talk to friends and family. Our regular meetings and social outings are canceled. The news has been a daily onslaught of the increasing numbers of positive cases and deaths. COUPON
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A more recent study from Portugal unearthed the truth, however. After reviewing 41 pieces of research from around the world, scientists concluded that "anxiety, depression, poor sleep quality and physical inactivity" have been prevalent among seniors during our lockdowns. If you're struggling, ask for help. In some communities, hotlines have opened up to deal with this kind of stress. Look online for "mental health hotline" and your state. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention set up a web page in December. Search online for "CDC Coping with Stress" and look at all the offerings on the page. There is a national helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357). Or you can just pick up the phone and dial 211. It's a referral for community services. Stay safe. (c) 2021 King Features Synd., Inc.
WONDERFUL WORDS
• When you soft-pedal something, you are referring to the pedal on a piano which is used to mute the tone. When you pull out all the stops, you are acting like an • Early sleeping potions were composed of apples and organist who pulls out all the knobs, or stops, in order urine. The malic acid in apples combined with uric acid to use all the organ pipes. to produce a potion capable of interfering with nerve function, inducing calmness and euphoria. Early ex- • Quarrymen in ancient Rome sometimes covered their periments in Germany incorporated urine donated by marble blocks with wax to conceal flaws and cracks a waitress named Barbara. Researchers combined her in the stone. The imperfections appeared as soon as name with uric of uric acid to coin the term “barbituric the first rainfall washed the wax away. The Roman acid,” now known as barbiturates. Senate passed a law to prevent this duplicity, stating
RANDOM WORD ORIGINS
• Edward I of England invaded Scotland in 1296. In evthat all marble must be sold “sine cera” or “without ery town that was overtaken, he would force the local wax.” Today “sincere” means “without deception.” politicians to sign a document pledging support to the • The definition of blizzard was originally “a stunning King. The term for an official document written on a blow, as by the fist” and usually was used in referscroll was “ragman roll” likely named for a clergyman ence to knock-out punches in boxing. On March 14, named Rageman who was the first to insist rules and ac1870 a snowstorm hit Iowa hard and a newspaper recounting be kept. As officials made public readings of porter wrote that the storm had knocked-out the city the long boring ragman rolls, people got tired of listenwith a blizzard— and a new definition was born. ing to what we now call “rigamarole.” • During the days of knights in shining armor, a “buck• The Greek word for oyster shell was “ostrakon.” In ler” was a small shield used to defend oneself from Athens a citizen could be banished by popular consent the blows of an adversary's sword. “Swash” was the of other citizens. People would gather in the marketword used as we use the word “swish” today: a sound place and vote to get rid of the offending person by writthat a sword cutting through the air might make. A ing down their name on a piece of tile or pottery and swashbuckler was a man who made a great show of dropping it into an urn. Because the pieces of pottery fencing, by swashing his sword and striking his oplooked like oyster shells, they were called “ostrakon.” ponent's buckler. That’s why when we exclude a person, we have “ostra• The work “knuckle” once meant any joint in the body such as elbows and knees. Kneeling down as • Early stage actors were lighted by primitive lights that in submission came to be called “knuckling under.” used heated calcium oxide, or quicklime, to produce a brilliant light. Thus, they were standing in the “lime- • The Italian word for a drinking flask is “fiasco.” How light.” did an Italian drinking flask come into our language meaning a total failure? Because when Italian glass • Agates were found in abundance near the Sicilian river blowers were creating a piece of fine crystal glassAchates, pronounced “akate.” ware but ruined it with a mistake, the only way some • “Char” was an old-fashioned synonym for “chore,” thus value could be salvaged was to turn it into a fiasco. “charwoman” was a woman who did chores. cized” them.
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• On March 13, 1781, English astronomer William Hershel discovers Uranus, the seventh planet from the sun. It was the first discovery of a new planet in modern times, and the first to be made using a telescope. • On March 10, 1876, the first discernible speech is transmitted over a telephone system when inventor Alexander Graham Bell summons his assistant in another room by saying, "Mr. Watson, come here; I want you." • On March 14, 1914, stock-car racer Lee Arnold Petty is born near Randleman, North Carolina. In 1959, he won the Daytona 500. Lee Petty never lost a race on account of being too kind to his competitors, even if they were family.
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• On March 12, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt gives his first national radio address broadcast from the White House, in which he explained his recent decision to close the nation's banks. • On March 8, 1971, Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier meet for the "Fight of the Century" at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The bout marked Ali's return after the boxing commission revoked his license over his refusal to fight in the Vietnam War. Frazier won by a unanimous decision. • On March 9, 1981, a nuclear accident at a Japan Atomic Power Company plant in Tsuruga, Japan, exposes 59 workers to radiation. Sixteen tons of waste spilled into Wakasa Bay, but Japan's Atomic Power Commission made no mention of the accident until more than a month later. By then, radioactive levels of seaweed in the area were found to be 10 times greater than normal. • On March 11, 1997, Paul McCartney, a former member of Beatles, is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his "services to music." McCartney became Sir Paul in a centuries-old ceremony of pomp and solemnity at Buckingham Palace in central London.
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© 2021 King Features Synd., Inc.
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February 22, 2021
• Need a quick fix for tarnished brass? Look in your fridge. Ketchup, applied liberally then buffed off, will remove tarnish in a pinch. • Use a sticky note to clean the cracks in your keyboard. First hold it upside down and shake to remove crumbs. You’d be surprised how much comes out. Then run the sticky strip of the note paper between the keys to pick up dust and any other crumbs. • “Many people play drinking games with movies and alcohol, but here’s my drinking game: I work at an ‘office’ job (although we are remote now), and every time I get an email notification, I take a sip or slug of water. It’s got me surprisingly hydrated!” — P.J. in Florida • If your marker is nearing the end of its life, you might revive it by setting it tip down in a little bit of rubbing alcohol. • “Schedule important doctor’s checkups, like your annual physical and dental cleanings, in the same month each year so you will know when they are coming up. I use my birth month. My mom always has hers done in February.” — E.D. in Massachusetts • Use a cotton swab to clean out the tips of your earbuds! • “To clean out your coffeemaker, run a cycle of water through it, and then pour out half the water and replace it with white vinegar. Pour that mixture back through the coffeemaker (make sure it’s off) and let it sit for 10 minutes. Then run the vinegar mixture through, then two cycles of fresh, cold water. — A.L. in New York Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803.
by Lucie Winbourne
• In 2008, two sisters from Virginia sold their Illinois-shaped corn flake on eBay for $1,350. • One of the first diet books, "The Art of Living Long" by Luigi Comaro, came out in 1558 ... and is still in print. • In the movie "Psycho's" iconic shower scene, Alfred Hitchcock achieved the sound of stabbings by knifing through a casaba melon. He even had his crew audition multiple varieties of melon to get the perfect tone. • Folks who enjoy collecting ties are known as grabatologists. • The mostly unknown second and third verses of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" reveal the song was originally written as a feminist anthem about a woman wanting to go see a baseball game rather than go on a date to a show. • Cinderella's shoes were made of fur, not glass, in the tale's original version. • Overdo it on the garlic or onions and need to freshen your breath? Try roasted coffee beans instead of gum or mints. Israeli scientists have found that coffee can inhibit the bacteria that leads to bad breath, but if you prefer drinking it to chewing, you'll do best to take it black. • German chocolate cake was named for an American baker, Samuel German. • "Scurryfunge" is an old English word meaning to rush around cleaning when you see company is on their way over. • In the Middle Ages, the "shrew's fiddle" or "neck violin" was used to punish those who were caught bickering by linking them face-to-face, forcing them to talk to each other. They weren't released until their disagreement was resolved. *** Thought for the Day: "I had a new vision in front of me, and I always feel that if I can see it and believe it, then I can achieve it." -- Arnold Schwarzenegger *Answer located back 3 pages.
FAILED TRADEMARK CASES
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• In January of 2008, owners of the New England Patriots attempted to trademark “19-0” referring to their presumed perfect season, just before the Super Bowl, but were denied. In an unexpected twist, the New England Patriots subsequently lost the Super Bowl to the New York Giants. Afterwards, the snarky New York Post responded by trying to trademark “18-1.”
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• Walmart conspicuously displays the iconic yellow smiley face throughout all of their 4,756 stores. In 2006, they tried to trademark it. Because the smiley face has been around since the 1970s, the courts ruled that it’s in the public domain. Walmart can use the smiley face but they cannot trademark it or prevent anyone else from using it. • Sarah Palin tried to trademark her own name. The effort failed, not because of any court decision, but because she forgot to sign the application.
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*Answer located back 4 pages.
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• In 2009 Boise State University put down blue astroturf in Bronco Stadium in Idaho, affectionately known as “Smurf Turf.” They applied to secure the trademark to this signature look, and were successful. However, the trademark only protects the color blue. In response, In 2010, Eastern Washington installed bright red turf, and Central Arkansas installed astroturf in their school colors of purple and gray. • NBC successfully trademarked its signature three-tone jingle, and MGM likewise trademarked the roar of the MGM lion. Harley Davidson followed suit in an attempt to trademark the sound of a revving engine. Other motorcycle manufacturers objected, noting that the revving of a Harley sounds identical to the revving of any other motorcycle engine. Harley Davidson dropped the quest in 2000. ...continued
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FAILED TRADEMARKS (cont.)
• In 2013, Budweiser's parent company, Anheuser-Busch, attempted to trademark the sound of a Budweiser can opening. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office denied the application, stating that “the applied-for mark is not inherently distinctive because all beverage cans make a highly similar sound.”
DIFFERENCES:: DIFFERENCES 1. Sweater has decoration. 2. Doorknob is missing. 3. Boots are taller. 4. One shovel is gone. 5. Fence is higher. 6. House is missing. © 2020 King Features Synd., All rights reserved.
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• In 2005, a cosmetic company called Eden Sarl tried to trademark the fresh smell of strawberries so that they could be the only company allowed to use the scent in soaps, face creams, lotions, and make-up. The court ruled that the smell of a strawberry changes as the strawberry ripens, and that different strains of strawberries carry different odors, and therefore the trademark was denied. • In the sit-com “The Fresh Prince of Bel Air” actor Alfonso Ribeiro played Carlton Banks, who does a wacky dance to a Tom Jones song. This dance became known as “The Carlton.” When the dance was included in the video game Fortnite, Riberio tried to trademark the dance. The court ruled that a simple combination of three dance steps in a simple dance routine was not registrable as a choreographic work. • Subway is famous for the footlong sandwiches, and tried to trademark the word “footlong” in 2013. The trademark board ruled that the term was too generic to qualify for a trademark. • The "devil-horns" hand gesture is a universal symbol of rock 'n' roll music, with the pinky and the index finger extended and the other fingers turned down. In 2017, Kiss frontman Gene Simmons filed an application with the USPTO claiming he first popularized the symbol during the band's tour in 1974. Only two weeks after filing, and after much criticism in the media, Simmons abandoned his claim.
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