Tidbits March 14 Issue

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March 14, 2013

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Family is why we do it all.

IRISH INFO by Kathy Wolfe

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This week, Tidbits has lots of information about the Irish, everything from St. Patrick to Notre Dame. Celebrate St. Paddy’s Day by learning some interesting facts about the Emerald Isle. • The man has a day named after him, but who exactly was St. Patrick? Strangely enough, his name wasn’t Patrick, and he wasn’t born in Ireland, but rather in Scotland! Maewyn Succat was born in the late fourth century to a wealthy family, but at the age of 16, he was kidnapped from the family estate by a group of Irish raiders and sold into slavery. During his six years of captivity, he was a shepherd, and experienced a conversion to Christianity. According to folklore, a voice came to him urging him to escape, which he did, aboard a pirate ship. Yet the voice further counseled him to return to Ireland as a missionary to convert the Irish to Christianity. • After 15 years of study for the priesthood, during which time Succat took on the name Patricius, he began his 29-year-long mission in Ireland. Ancient legend tells of Patrick standing on a hilltop holding up his wooden staff, banishing all the snakes from Ireland. Because there were no snakes in Ireland, it’s believed this was merely symbolic of Patrick driving out the evil and pagan philosophies. turn the page for more!

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IRISH INFO (continued): • Patrick wasn’t made a saint until the early 17th century, hundreds of years after his death in the year 461. March 17 is the anniversary of his death and is his religious feast day.

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5. What breakfast food did the Irish bring to America? 6. What does the name of Hawaii’s capital, Honolulu, mean? 7. Which one of Shakespeare’s plays contains the line, “The course of true love never did run smooth”? 8. How many times does the word “grandmother” occur in the Bible (KJV)— 0, 1, 3, or 21? 9. What is the capital of California?

1. What popular liqueur was introduced in 1974? 2. Guinness is a world renowned beer that originated in Ireland. The name comes from the man who created it, but what was his first name? 3. Name the four ingredients in Irish coffee? 4. What does “Erin Go Bragh” mean?

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• Between 1846 and 1900, about 2,873,000 people emigrated from Ireland to America, making it the second largest nationality group of immigrants, second only to Germany. The most predominant occupation of those newcomers was that of skilled weaver.

• In 2010, about 34.7 million U.S. residents claimed ancestors from Ireland. What were the most common Irish surnames of these folks? The last names of Murphy, Kelly, and O’Sullivan are considered the top three “most Irish.” Other common Irish surnames include Walsh, O’Brien, Byrne, Ryan, O’Connor, O’Neill, and O’Reilly. • Ireland has had its influence on geographical locations in the U.S. Seven communities are named Shamrock, including locations in Texas, Oklahoma, and West Virginia. Sixteen other towns are named Dublin, sharing the name with Ireland’s capital. North Carolina is home to the community of Emerald Isle, population 3,655.

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IRISH INFO (continued): • St. Patrick’s Day often brings beer and taverns to mind, but that tradition didn’t start in Ireland. The Irish Parliament declared the day a religious holiday in 1903, meaning that all the pubs were closed. In 1970, that bill was overturned and the day became a national holiday rather than a religious observance. • The tradition of a St. Patrick’s Day parade began in America, not Ireland. New York City was home to the first parade, held on March 17, 1762. Irish soldiers serving in the British army organized the celebration to honor the Catholic feast day of Ireland’s patron saint. Today, New York’s parade is the largest in the world with more than 200,000 marchers along the Fifth Avenue route. Close to three million spectators observe the parade, which does not allow automobiles or floats. • Canada’s longest-running parade is in the city of Montreal, where it first took place in 1824. • The three-color Irish flag – orange, green, and white – was created in 1848, and is symbolic of the country’s politics. The orange stands for the Irish Protestants, green for the Catholics, and white represents the hope that peace be reached between the two. • Have you ever heard of the trifolium dubium? That’s the name given to the shamrock by botanists. The early Celts referred to the shamrock as the seamroy, and considered this three-leafed clover a sacred plant with mystical properties. Legend has it that St. Patrick used the shamrock to explain the Holy Trinity to first-century Irish pagans. During the 17th century when the English began seizing Irish land and prohibiting the use of their native language and Catholic religion, many Irish started wearing the shamrock as a symbol of pride in their heritage.

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NUGGET OF KNOWLEDGE Since 1962, the city of Chicago has been putting green vegetable dye in the Chicago River for St. Patrick’s Day. It started out as method of tracing illegal sewage discharges into the river, but continues as a festive way to celebrate the holiday. Forty pounds of environmentallyfriendly dye are released to give the river a beautiful emerald green hue.

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IRISH INFO (continued): • The Irish word lobaircin means “small-bodied fellow,” and has been modified a bit to the English word “leprechaun.” These little imps date back to the early Celtic beliefs in fairies, those tiny men and women with magical powers, who used those powers for either good or evil. Leprechauns were seen as grumpy little men, whose duties were to mend the shoes of the other fairies. We’ve all heard of the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. Folklore claims that the little men have great treasures stored in crocks, and use trickery to protect it from others. If a leprechaun is captured by a human, he has the magical power to grant three wishes in exchange for his release. In 1959, Walt Disney Studios released the film Darby O’Gill and the Little People, which gave us the image of cheerful and friendly leprechauns, but in Irish folklore, they are cantankerous and mischievous. • Indiana’s University of Notre Dame is home to the Fighting Irish, a team that played its inaugural game in November of 1887. In 1918, Knute Rockne took over as head coach and his record of the highest winning percentage (.881) in football history, either college or professional, still stands. Notre Dame has produced the second largest number of players drafted into the NFL, the greatest number of Heisman Trophy winners, and ten former Irish have been inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Every home game has been sold out since 1966, with the exception of one Thanksgiving Day contest against the Air Force in 1973, when the students had gone home for the holiday.

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• The first feature film created specifically for Shirley was 1934’s Bright Eyes, which featured her famous number “On the Good Ship Lollipop.” Over 500,000 copies of the sheet music were sold following the movie’s release. At the age of six, she received a miniature Juvenile Oscar for her 1934 accomplishments, and her feet and hand prints were added to the concrete forecourt of Grauman’s Chinese Theater. • By the time she was six, Shirley had already starred in 20 movies. The Shirley Temple doll was introduced, wearing a polka-dot dress modeled after the one she wore in 1934’s Stand Up and Cheer!. By 1941, sales on the doll had topped $45 million. The sizable list of her other products included a line of clothing, soap, dishes, and books. Shirley also endorsed Quaker Puffed Wheat, General Electric, and Packard, among others. At age seven, her merchandise royalties were double the income from her movies.

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SHIRLEY TEMPLE (continued): • Shirley was the top box-office draw for a fouryear period, 1935 through 1938, saved 20th Century-Fox from bankruptcy, and had her own personal bodyguard. • Following the huge success of Heidi, Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm, and The Little Princess, Shirley performed in her last film as a child actress in 1940 at age 12. The film was The Blue Bird and was her 44th movie. Her popularity declined as she entered adolescence, and she made just a few films as a teen and young adult. When she was 15, Shirley met an Army Air Corps sergeant named John Agar, and at age 17, she married him. Their daughter was born when Shirley was 19, but the marriage was over after four years.

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• President Harry Truman was once told there were ghosts in the White House. His response? “I’m sure they’re here, and I’m not half so alarmed at meeting up with any of them as I am at having to meet the live nuts I have to see every day.” • Pet food is the third most profitable item for supermarkets, following meat and fresh produce. • The warmest parts of your body are your eyes and nose, while the coldest parts (unsurprisingly) are your fingers and toes. • In the African country of Zaire, more than 200 different languages are spoken. • It was more than 30 years ago, in 1982, that a man in suburban Los Angeles tied 24 weather balloons to his lawn chair in an attempt to fly. A pretty successful attempt, too -- he made it to 16,000 feet, alarming air traffic controllers and pilots in the process.

• Those who study such things say that the rate of divorce increases during the winter months. • The Baltimore Orioles had a pretty bad season in 1988. After the team lost its first 10 games, Bob Rivers, a deejay at Baltimore radio station WIYY, announced that he would stay on the air until the home team won a game. He kept his word, sleeping only between songs, for 10 days. When the Orioles finally defeated the Chicago White Sox, Rivers played “I’m Free” by The Who, and finally left. • Queen termites can live for up to 100 years. • When respondents to a survey are guaranteed that the results will be anonymous, fully 40 percent of the people admit to cheating on their taxes. * * * Thought for the Day: “When two men in business always agree, one of them is unnecessary.” -- William Wrigley, Jr. © 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

• December, 1950 was the time of two momentous occasions in Shirley’s life – she announced her retirement from the film industry at age 22, and she married wealthy California businessman Charles Black. This union would endure 54 years until his death. She entered the political arena in 1969, when Richard Nixon appointed her as the U.S. Representative to the United Nations. Under Gerald Ford, Shirley served as Ambassador to Ghana and White House Chief of Protocol. Her assignment under Ronald Reagan was that of a foreign affairs officer with the State Department. During the George H.W. Bush administration, she was the Ambassador to Czechoslovakia. She became a best-selling author in 1988 with the release of her autobiography Child Star.

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Moments in time • On March 24, 1603, after 44 years of rule, Queen Elizabeth I of England dies, and King James VI of Scotland ascends to the throne, uniting England and Scotland under a single British monarch. Queen Elizabeth I passed into history as one of England’s greatest monarchs.

The History Channel

son’s orders to capture Mexican revolutionary Pancho Villa dead or alive.

• On March 18, 1937, nearly 300 students in Texas are killed by an explosion of natural gas at their school. Eleven oil and natural-gas derricks stood in the schoolyard as a means of saving the school mon• On March 23, 1839, the initials ey. The blast killed most victims in“O.K.” are first published in The Bos- stantly and was felt 40 miles away. ton Morning Post. Meant as an ab- • On March 20, 1965, President breviation for “oll correct,” a popular Lyndon Johnson sends a teleslang misspelling of “all correct” at the gram to Gov. George Wallace of time, OK steadily made its way into Alabama in which he agrees to the everyday speech of Americans. send federal troops to supervise a • On March 22, 1908, Louis L’Amour, planned civil-rights march in Walthe author of scores of bestselling lace’s home state. Earlier that Western novels, is born in James- month, civil-rights activist Martin town, N.D. After returning from World Luther King Jr. had led two atWar II, L’Amour began writing short tempts to march to Montgomery. stories and novels. His big break • On March 21, 1980, President came when a novel he wrote at the Jimmy Carter informs a group of age of 46 became the basis for the U.S. athletes that, in response to popular John Wayne movie “Hondo.” the December 1979 Soviet incur• On March 19, 1916, the First Aero sion into Afghanistan, the United Squadron flies a support mission for States would boycott the 1980 the 7,000 U.S. troops who had invad- Olympics in Moscow. It marked the ed Mexico on President Woodrow Wil- first and only time that the United States has boycotted the Olympics. © 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

This week there’s no shortage of short things! Take a look at a number of items containing the word “short.” • Randy Newman’s 1977 Billboard top hit “Short People” described his subject, “They got little baby legs that stand so low, you got to pick ‘em up just to say hello.” Who is classified as a short person? The term “short stature” refers to any person substantially under the average height for a person of the same age and gender. Pediatricians use a measurement called standard deviation that compares the height of different children. A child’s height must be more than two SD’s below average height in order to have short stature, and 95% percent of comparable children are taller. • Do you know the difference between IRS forms 1040A and 1040EZ? Form 1040A is the “short form” while 1040EZ is the “easy” form, the simplest way to file taxes. Both are limited to taxpayers with less than $100,000 in taxable income who take the standard deduction. However, the easy form is only for those with no dependents. • A short sale on the stock exchange means that the seller does not actually own the shares he/ she is selling and has to borrow them before being able to deliver. When the share price falls, the short seller buys them and returns them to the lender, resulting in a gain on the deal. • If someone calls you short, he/she might be referring to your height, but could be telling you that your demeanor is abrupt, discourteous, or unfriendly. A short presentation doesn’t always refer to its duration. It might mean it was succinct and concise.

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SHORT STUFF (continued): • Look at all the idioms in the English language DEERE. DEERE. (continued): that containJOHN the word “short.” You can make work of something by finishing it quick•short It was while living in Illinois that John noproblems that(not farmers faced when ly.ticed You the might run short have enough), fall attempting to till soil. the standard), area had short (fail to measure upBecause to a certain woodland, the soil was rich orformerly cut short been (interrupt someone). If you’ve subwith hummus, which clung mitted your resume for clumped a job, youand might beto on theshort blades thethat plows farmers were accusthe list,ofone contains those narrowed tomed to using. While a brokenHopecirdown from the full poolrepairing of applicants. cular saw, Deere stumbled upon an idea. He fully, on that resume, you didn’t sell yourself employed his didn’t smith skills to fashionfull the credit steel short, that is, give yourself blade into the shape of a plow. He affixed where it was deserved. You certainly wouldn’t two to wooden hitched the device want get thespokes, short then end of the stick, which to a horse. It plowed the heavy Illinois soil might mean unfair treatment or not getting like you a charm. In fact,of. a farmer who happened what are worthy to be observing the test run immediately put • If in you information in your anwant ordertoforretain his own John Deere plow.shortterm memory, it will be necessary for you to • In short order, Deere gave up his blacksmith repeat it out loud or mentally rehash it from shop and focused on making plows. The time to time. By doing so, the data re-enters company grew steadily and added many emthe memory’s enabling it to be the preployees. In thestorage, late 1840s, John relocated served for a longer period. entire operation to Moline, Illinois. Ashamed

• What in own the world hydrogenated of his lack ofiseducation, John vegetable sent his children the state’s finest schools. One of oil? Just a to fancy name for shortening! Hydrohis proudest days occurred when son Charles genation involves adding extra hydrogen atearned the equivalent an MBA from Bell’s oms to vegetable fats,ofwhich turns them into Commercial College Chicago. solids. Shortening is in 100% fat, compared to 80% butter and •the With hisfat soncontent Charlesofmanaging the margarine. company, Procter & Gamble introduced Crisco, an inabJohn found time to pursue philanthropic breviation of “crystallized cottonseed oil” terests. He co-founded both the First Nation-in June of 1911. al Bank and the First Congregational Church. He was elected the mayor of Moline in 1873, • It’s as easy as 1-2-3! Making shortbread, that where one of his first actions – the replaceis. The traditional recipe calls for one part ment two of the city’s openand drains with a sewer sugar, parts butter, three parts flour. pipe system – saved countless lives by This little treat originated in Scotland reducduring ing the spread disease. medieval times,ofwhen the word “short” was •used Thetooriginal John in describe all Deere things logo, crisp registered and crumbly. 1876, depicted a deer that was native to AfriShortcake is not the same as shortbread. It ca. vegetable Thirty-six fat years later,than in 1912, wasadds reuses rather butterit and placed with theagent imagesuch of aasNorth American some leavening baking powder, white-tailed deer. In the decades that folresulting in a different texture. lowed, the now-familiar “outline” logo took Thanks for Reading over as the symbol of the John Tidbits! Deere brand.

Information in the Tidbits® Paper is gathered from sources considered to be reliable, but the accuracy of all information cannot be guaranteed.

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