Tidbits Grand Forks - September 8, 2016 by Tidbits of Grand Forks - East Grand Forks

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BAD GUYS by Janet Spencer

There are many words in the English language that pertain to criminals. Come along with Tidbits as we tell the story behind those names!

DECEITFUL TRAVELERS

• In the mid-1300s, a Mafia-like fraternity arose in India. For centuries, this organized band of thieves specialized in robbing and murdering travelers. They were not interested in single travelers as much as they were interested in large caravans, which carried much more loot. • Members of this criminal underclass were trained in discipline and deceit. Their tactic involved having members of their band join the travelers in order to gain their trust while acting as spies. As the journey continued, more robbers would infiltrate, lulling the travelers into a false sense of security. • Eventually the caravan would settle in for the night where the terrain made it easy to attack and difficult to escape. While the group was sound asleep, the deceitful travel companions would call their compatriots to attack. Taken by surprise, the innocent travelers would be overwhelmed by the military precision which the gang employed. • This group of bandits wreaked havoc in India for centuries. Not until the British arrived in the 1800s was the group challenged, overcome, and disbanded.

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DECEITFUL TRAVELERS (cont'd):

• The name of this stealthy and coordinated fraternity of assassins originated from the Hindu word for thief or deceiver, “thag,” and the crimes they committed were called acts of “thuggee.” Today a modified version of that word has come into English meaning a criminal who attacks innocent people: A thug.

A GERMANIC TRIBE

• Long ago an East Germanic tribe lived on the shores of the Danube River. Around the year 400 AD, they began to move west, possibly because they had been attacked by Huns. They were led by King Godigisel. • When they reached the Rhine River, they met resistance. A battle ensued. They won the fight, but Godigisel was killed. • His son, Geiseric (meaning “spear king”) took over. Over the next 50 years, King Geiseric turned this little-known tribe into a major power. They crossed the Rhine and invaded Gaul, which they looted. Then they wreaked havoc across Spain. From there, the entire tribe of 80,000 crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and invaded North Africa, pillaging and plundering along the way. In the year 438 A.D. they took the ancient Phoenician city of Carthage by entering the city when everyone was attending races. Geiseric led his people in conquering Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica. • Then they sacked Rome. Pope Leo the Great pleaded with Geiseric to refrain from murdering the people or burning the buildings. Geiseric stole all the treasure and took the Empress hostage, along with her daughters. • Geiseric continued to lead his tribe until his death in the year 477 A.D. Following his death, his vast empire quickly crumbled. Today Geiseric’s people are remembered because the name of this East Germanic tribe now denotes someone who willfully destroys or defaces property. The tribe was known as the Vandals. ...continued

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A MEAN MAN

• According to the legend, Patrick was never a very nice guy. He arrived in London in the late 1800s and hired himself out as a bouncer. From there, he graduated to mugging people, racketeering, and vandalism. Then he organized a street gang and his influence was felt throughout the slums of London. Eventually, he killed a cop and went to prison for life, dying behind bars years later. • In 1899 a writer named Clarence Rook wrote a book which followed the life of a typical street punk, describing life in the slums from a criminal’s point of view. Clarence was a journalist, a novelist, and a writer of short sketches that depicted London in a realistic light. His book offered an irreverent depiction of the lifestyle of a working-class thug. Patrick was a central character in Clarence’s story. The book was very popular. • No one is really sure whether the book was fiction or fact, or whether Patrick was a real person or not. One way or the other, however, Patrick’s last name came into our language meaning a tough, aggressive, or violent youth. Soon the word was being used in police reports, newspaper articles, and even in a Sherlock Holmes story. Today it is still commonly used to describe someone who causes mayhem or disturbances, particularly regarding rowdy and unruly behavior surrounding sporting events. Patrick’s last name was Hooligan, and the book Clarence wrote was called “Hooligan Nights.”

A SAN FRANCISCO THUG

• According to legend, a man named Muldoon led a gang of street thugs that kept the entire waterfront area of San Francisco under ...continued their tight control in the 1870s. A newspaper wanted to end their tyranny but was so intimidated by the gang that they dared not use Muldoon’s real name. They spelled it backwards and changed the N to an H, and “hoodlum” entered the language. ...continued

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A CONTEST WINNER

• During Prohibition in 1924, a wealthy banker from Massachusetts named Delcevare King backed the Prohibition laws and was angry that people blatantly broke the noliquor rules. He decided to sponsor a contest to come up with a new name to describe “a lawless drinker of illegally made or illegally obtained liquor,” offering the substantial sum of $200 in prize money (worth about $2,775 today). • Because King was a graduate of Harvard, the editors of the school newspaper promoted the contest and followed the results with interest. King was quoted as saying, “People can poke fun at the idea that the violator of law is a menace to the government, but after all, law is the basis of government.” • He hoped that his contest would result in coining a new term that was so stinging it would turn people away from drink. He received over 25,000 entries submitted by more than 6,000 people.

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• The winning entry was submitted by two people, and they split the prize money. Most people, especially linguists, thought the new word would never catch on, and an editor of Funk & Wagnalls dictionary commented that the term, “widely publicized several months ago as the term applied to those who violate the prohibition laws, is fast fading.” • However, the new prize-winning word survived and is now a common term denoting a petty criminal who flaunts the rules or ignores regulations, or refuses to show up in court for minor violations. The word is scofflaw, one who scoffs at the law.

IN EXILE

• The words “banned,” “banished,” “bandit,” and “bandito” all spring from the Italian word “bandire” meaning “to exile.” That became the Germanic word “bannan” which applied to their practice of banning, or exiling, all bandits.

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Fun for the Whole Family!

• It was beloved American author Mark Twain who made the following sage observation: "A successful book is not made of what is in it, but of what is left out of it." • If you're a cat lover who also enjoys imbibing alcohol from time to time, you might want to take note of this bit of international news: A Japanese company called B&H Lifes has come out with a new product. Nyan Nyan Nouveau is a wine made especially for the feline palate. The wine doesn't actually contain any alcohol, though; it's a mixture of catnip and the juice of cabernet grapes. (Note of interest: "Nyan" is the Japanese equivalent of "meow.") • In American folklore, it's Johnny Appleseed who is credited with sowing apple trees across the nation. In reality, though, much of the credit can go to the pioneers' craving for hard cider.Ê • In February, a mattress company conducted a survey of 390 Americans (hardly a comprehensive sample, of course) to determine consumers' attitudes toward sleep around Valentine's Day. Interestingly, fully half of the respondents said that they'd rather have a good night's sleep than be the recipient of a romantic gesture on what is generally regarded as the most romantic day of the year. And 64 percent said they cared more about getting at least 8 hours of sleep every night than they did about finding a life partner. • Those who study such things say that when male and female puppies play fight, the males will sometimes let the females win in order to get to know them better. *** Thought for the Day: "We are social creatures to the inmost center of our being. The notion that one can begin anything at all from scratch, free from the past, or unindebted to others, could not conceivably be more wrong." -- Karl Popper

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• Over 4,000 years ago ancient Egyptians built incubators capable of housing 10,000 chicks. • The oldest chicken known was 22 years old. Chickens can easily live to the age of 7, though the chickens for sale in the grocery store are slaughtered at the age of 5 to 8 weeks old. • At any given time there are over 450 million chickens in the U.S. Americans consume 8 billion chickens per year. • Americans eat more than 90 lbs. of poultry per person each year, plus an average of 250 eggs. • In the 1930s, the average American hen laid 121 eggs per year. Today, they're up to about 217 eggs annually. • The world record for egg-laying by a chicken is held by a white leghorn in Sri Lanka, who laid 17 eggs in six hours in 1967. Another record was set when a white leghorn laid 371 eggs in 364 days. • Marigolds have routinely been dried, powdered, and fed to chickens to make egg yolks look more yellow. • The yolk has 59 calories, and the white has only 16. • Brown eggs and white eggs are identical nutritionally. Only two kinds of chickens out of the thousands of varieties lay white eggs. If a chicken has red ear lobes, it will lay brown eggs; if the ear lobe is white, it lays white eggs.

Answer

• Modern day chickens originated with wild Asian jungle fowl, a member of the pheasant family. They were domesticated about 8,000 years ago.

Weekly SUDOKU

• The chicken is probably the most common bird in the world, with around 25 billion world-wide. They outnumber humans by about 4 to 1.

• During World War II when eggs were scarce, researchers in the British Isles tasted other bird eggs trying to find a successful substitute. In blind taste tests, the hen's egg received the highest rating, followed by a three-way tie between the coot, moorhen, and gull. At the bottom of the list were the eggs of the warbler and wren. • If human babies grew as fast as chickens, a newborn baby would weigh about 600 pounds by the age of two months. • About half of all chicken sold are processed into patties, burgers, strips, and so forth. • Do male chickens taste different than female chickens? Yes, male chickens taste stronger than female chickens. Old chickens are more flavorful than young chickens. • Chicken will lay fewer eggs as they grow older, but the eggs will be larger. • Chickens have over 30 different kinds of vocalizations for communication. • The chicken is the closest living relative to the great Tyrannosaurus rex. • Chickens dream. They can see in full color and their eyesight is sharper than a human’s. They can recognize more than 100 other chickens and also recognize human faces. • A mother hen will turn her eggs about 50 times a day. • A female chicken is called a pullet until she is old enough to lay eggs, when she is called a hen. • Chickens have more bones in their necks than giraffes. They have three eyelids and can run up to 9 mph. • There are about 175 separate species of chickens. • Chickens don't pee. It is just mixed into the poop, which is the case with most birds.

Answer

CHICKENS

King CROSSWORD

Amazing Animals:

West Nile Virus indentified in Grand Forks!

Mosquito Surveillance - Why Trap Mosquitoes?

Grand Forks Health Department has identified West Nile virus (WNV) in a crow. WNV is a serious disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes. Most people infected with this disease will have no symptoms or mild symptoms but this is a serious disease and can be fatal. The Grand Forks Public Health Department urges citizens to take personal precautions to avoid mosquito bites. The type of mosquito most common for transmitting WNV is present in our area and is most active from dusk until dawn. Please take the necessary measures to avoid mosquito bites.

The Grand Forks Health Department maintains an active mosquito surveillance program. The more we know about mosquitoes, the better equipped we are to control them. Our surveillance program is responsible for collecting, identifying, and conducting West Nile virus tests on mosquitoes. Traps are distributed throughout the community and the Information gained from these traps include: Mosquito Population – Knowing the population helps us determine if it’s necessary to conduct citywide mosquito spraying. This information also enables us to measure the effectiveness of the mosquito spraying operations.

How do people get infected with WNV? Most people get infected with WNV by an infected mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds. Infected mosquitoes can then spread the virus to humans and other animals. In a very small number of cases, West Nile virus has been spread through blood transfusions, organ transplants, and from mother to baby during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding.

Can I get West Nile virus directly from birds? There is no evidence that a person can get infected from handling live or dead infected birds. However, you should avoid bare-handed contact when handling any dead animal. If you must pick up a dead bird, use gloves or an inverted plastic bag to place the bird’s carcass (body) in a garbage bag.

Why do some states and local areas stop collecting dead birds to test for West Nile virus? West Nile virus is found in all 48 contiguous states (not in Alaska and Hawaii) and the virus circulates in mosquitoes and birds every year. Because West Nile virus is well established, some states and local jurisdictions are no longer collecting dead birds for testing. Instead, they have chosen to shift staff and funding resources away from testing of dead birds to other areas of West Nile virus surveillance and control.

Who is at risk for serious illness if infected with WNV? Serious illness can occur in people of any age. However, people over 60 years of age are at the greatest risk for severe disease. People with certain medical conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease, and people who have received organ transplants, are also at greater risk for serious illness.

Species of Mosquitoes – There’s around 43 different species of mosquitoes in North Dakota. Some of these mosquitoes are just annoying pests, but one of them, the Culex tarsalis, is the most common mosquito for transmitting West Nile virus in North Dakota. This mosquito is prevalent in the Grand Forks region. Monitoring and testing the Culex tarsalis mosquito is important because it may enable us to respond to an elevated threat of West Nile virus before it infects the human population. This component of mosquito control is very important in reducing the risk of mosquito-borne disease in our community. Mosquito Activity – Knowing what times the mosquitoes are active is important for getting the best results from our spray operation. We use ultra-low volume sprayers that deliver very small droplets and only 1 ounce of a diluted, non-residual insecticide per acre. Because we’re using such a small amount of insecticide, timing is critical to be successful. This insecticide must directly impact mosquitoes, generally while in flight to be effective. Rotator traps are used to monitor the times the mosquitoes are most active. Gender Identification – Knowing the sex of the mosquito can be helpful in predicting a new hatch. Male mosquitoes hatch out before females. Therefore, if we see a spike in the number of male mosquitoes collected in our traps, we know there’s the potential for an increase of females soon to follow. That data is helpful in preparing us for a citywide spray. It’s a short warning to get ready. Traps used in mosquito surveillance programs are not successful in reducing mosquito populations. They are simply a surveillance tool used to collect data about the mosquitoes in our community.

For information about West Nile Virus and the Grand Forks mosquito control program visit our website at www.gfmosquito.com

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• “A great addition to coffee is flavored ice cream. It adds sweetness, creaminess and a hint of something surprising. Also, it cools hot brew and puts a fancy little froth on top.” — W.L. in West Virginia • “On rainy days, I set a shallow pan of water by the entrance to the house. The kids step into the water to rinse the grass and dirt off the bottoms of their shoes before taking them off and bringing them inside.” — C.P. in Florida • To soothe broken blisters and sterilize them at the same time, try a bit of Listerine. Its antiseptic properties work just as well outside the mouth as they do inside. • “At the dinner table, discuss books you are reading. This will hopefully encourage kids to read, and retelling the story or recapping is great practice for comprehension. Plus, dinner table conversation brings families together!” — U.F. in Illinois • Bobby pins should be inserted into the hair ridges down, not up. They are designed to better grip the hair that way. • “I hot-glued magnets to the back of a small basket meant to hold pencils in a drawer. It sits on the side of my fridge and holds several bottles of water flavorings. The kids and I fill our cups with water and then flavor it to our liking. It beats having three or four different beverages cluttering up the fridge.” — L.W. in Missouri Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803.

• On Sept. 18, 1793, George Washington lays the cornerstone to the United States Capitol. The building would take nearly a century to complete, as architects came and went, the British set fire to it, and it was called into use during the Civil War. • On Sept. 16, 1908, Buick Motor Company head William Durant spends $2,000 to incorporate General Motors. Durant made his fortune building horse-drawn carriages, and in fact he hated cars -- he thought they were noisy, smelly and dangerous. • On Sept. 14, 1927, dancer Isadora Duncan is strangled in France when the enormous silk scarf she is wearing gets tangled in the rear hubcaps of her open car. The scarf wound around the axle, tightening around Duncan's neck and dragging her from the car. She died instantly.

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Gateway Dr. & N. Washington St. Grand Forks, ND RETAILER INFORMATION 701-772-6611 Hours: M-F 8-8 • Sat. 8-6 • Sun. 12-6

• On Sept. 12, 1993, the rebuilt Lacey V. Murrow Home Owned & Operated Since 1939! Bridge over Lake Washington opens in Seattle. The old bridge was almost 2 miles long and RM-16-6614 Fall 2016 Lightweight Layering Promo_5x8 Ad Slick Retail Info.indd floated on more than 20 hollow concrete pontoons. During repairs in 1990, the bridge broke apart and sank. • On Sept. 13, 2004, TV talk-show host Oprah Winfrey gives a brand-new Pontiac G-6 sedan, worth $28,500, to all 276 members of her studio audience. However, the winners were left with a large bill: up to $6,000 in federal and state income taxes.

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& Media Materials The American Association of University Women (AAUW) is collecting now through September. Please drop off Mon-Fri. 9am-5pm @ NDAD 2660 Columbia Road S., Grand Forks. May contact Kathy: 701-772-5685

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your vehicle go to our website SeptemberSeptember 18, 2016 To register 18, 2016 www. carshow.com select this event to download a registration form. 11:00 - 4:00

11:00 - 4:00 Pre-registration Fee $40 After Sept 13th $45

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• Facepainting Inflatables • Inflatables Roger’s Artwork • Roger’s Artwork Local Entertainment • Local Entertainment Silent Auction • Silent Auction

2700 South Washington Street • Grand Forks, ND

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Corporate match will benefit: Rydellgo corporate match To registerwith youravehicle to: www.RydellCarShow.com

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Select this event to download a registration form Pre-registration Fee $40 • After Sept. 13th $45

2700 South Washington Street Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201 701.772.7211/800.228.8285 Since 1954

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• When wool is dyed before it is spun into yarn, it keeps its color much longer. Thus, the expression “dyed in the wool.” • A small spot behind the ears of newborn animals is the last spot on the hide to dry after birth. So anyone who is still “wet behind the ears” isn’t very mature yet. • In the 1500s the French played a game similar to backgammon that was called “lourche.” The player who was falling behind in the game was “left in the lourche,” today known as being “left in the lurch.” • In the first century B.C., the Parthians conquered many nations by using a new battle ploy. They would turn away from the enemy, feigning defeat. But as they fled, they would turn around and shoot arrows at their pursuers. The maneuver was called a “Parthian shot” which today is known as “a parting shot.” • In the 1600s when craftsmen finished making a pitcher, they filled it with water to see if it held water. Nowadays we speak of an idea that “doesn't hold water.” • When folks want to hide the fact that they're laughing, they cover their mouth with their arm, resulting in what is known as “laughing up their sleeves.” • In the days of knights in shining armor, some knights would go from town to town offering themselves and their lances for hire. They were the first “free lancers.” • When a chicken is placed on a butchering block, it will naturally stick its neck out, making it easier for the butcher to cut its head off. Therefore it's pretty dangerous to go around “sticking your neck out.” • Mustard had always been popular, but often the mustard on the market was of poor quality or had been adulterated. This led to the phrase “to be the proper mustard” which has evolved into “it doesn't cut the mustard.”

• At harness races held at local county fairs, the horses were sometimes too eager to start the race andDell. would often break ranks and head Answer: down the track before the race began. It was A VERY LARGE NUMBER important that the riders be able to keep their •horses Edwardunder Kasnercontrol. was a mathematician. This resulted Inin1938 the he was asked to come up with a name for a phrase “hold your horses.” very large number: the numeral one, followed • Witches on secret errands for the would by a hundred zeros. He asked hisdevil two young depart from their homes on a broomstick nephews what name they would suggest. after so they wouldn't detected. This gave •dark Nine-year-old Miltonbe suggested a name usout theofexpression “fly-by-night.” the funnies. A cartoon strip character very popular. Milton chose • Innamed some Barney parts ofwas England, “dander” meant anBarney’s last name for the number. ger, so “to get your dander up” was literally to •become Kasner angry. announced the new name for the big his shirts next book, the spelling. • Anumber centuryinago werealtering not as well fitted as •they Sixty later, and Sergey areyears today, andLarry most Page men found that a Brin nice developed a new internet search engine. Other looking shirt would tend to restrict the movesearch eachTherefore webpagewhen and ment of engines the armssearched somewhat. ranked them according to how many times a a fist fight was imminent, the first order of specific term appeared on them, but Page and business was to remove the shirt to have betBrin designed their search engine to search for ter swinging Today someone gets the specific power. term and then when find out how many antsy tell were them that to “keep your shirt on.” linkswe there led back to that page, resulted in property a better search engine. • Inwhich the 1500s one's boundary would be by a line cut needed by a plowshare •indicated They decided they a nameacross that the field. Now where we “draw line.” reflected howthat's many websites thethesearch engineofwas searching. They took the • Beasts burden and other animals havename hisof Edward Kasner’s very large number, only torically been led about by means of a ring in they misspelled it slightly, so it ended up being the nose toexactly which athe leash is attached. the spelled same way theHence cartoon phrase, “lead by the nose.”his last name. What’s character Barney spelled called? at bottom of page) • Init days of (Answer old, carpets were fine and fancy and only put on the floors in rooms where the gentry COMPUTER FACTS resided. Generally the only time subservient • In 1981 Bill Gates said, “640 kba of memory person would get to walk on a carpet ought to be enough for anybody.” was when they were being “called on the carpet” to be • Moore’s Law states that computer performance reprimanded in 18 front wealthy employer. doubles every to of 24their months, and ever since • The twothis ventricles the human heart resemble 1971, has beenoftrue. two valves of a molluskand known as awere cockle; •the HP, Google, Microsoft, Apple all thus something pleasing “warms the cockles of started in garages. our hearts.” Answer: Google, from googol.

Your destination in East Grand Forks for Cold Beer and Hot Pizza

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1st Quarter 2015

Call us: 218 - 773 3477

Week 2 Jan 4 - Jan. 10

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Quiz Answers

6. About 50% 1. 73% 7. Honda Accord 2. Drugs 3. Colombia 8. 1-Detroit, MI, 4. U.S. 2-Memphis, TN 5. China 3-Oakland, CA

Sports Answers 4. 2009 1. Tony Olivia hit 9 in 1964. 5. 1960s: Stan Makita had 2. 1940s: Jimmy 87 pts in Collins, 1945. 1967-68. 3. Steve Nash (10,335), Mark 6. Baltimore 16, Jackson (10,334) vs. Dallas, 13

answer

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