Tidbits Grand Forks - December 1, 2016 by Tidbits of Grand Forks - East Grand Forks

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THE 1960s by Kathy Wolfe

Most folks alive in the 1960s remember the “big” events – the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Neil Armstrong walking on the moon, and Sharon Opdahl, Agent pennies aa day. Just day. Sharon Opdahl, Agent Get a discount up toa to 50%. Just pennies day. Get a discount up 50%. Sharon Opdahl 2534 17th Avenue South, Suite F F 2534 17th Avenue South, Suite Just pennies a day. you know your landlord’s Did your landlord’s I can help lower your premium Grand Forks, ND ND 58201 the Cuban missile crisis. But how about those Agent I can lower youryour premium Grand Forks, 58201 Didhelp your know only covers the Bus:Bus: 701-746-0495 insurance only covers the . Did you know your 701-746-0495 through Drive Safe & Save through Drive Safe &landlord’s Save . landlord’s insurance sharon@sharonopdahl.com Protect your stuff. sharon@sharonopdahl.com Protect your stuff. 2534 17th Ave. S. • Suite FGetbuilding? insurance only covers the lesser-known events that occurred during this . to a better State . Get to a better State onlyno covers buildreason to take aa reason toyour take building? Protectthe stuff. Grand Forks, ND 58201 GetThere’s State Farm. Get State Farm. chance. Like aa good neighbor, ing? Protect your stuff. good neighbor, There’s no reason to take a fascinating decade? This week, Tidbits focuses CALL MEFarm TODAY. 701-746-0495 State is CALL ME TODAY. State Farm is there. There’s nothere. to chance. Like areason good neighbor, CALL ME sharonopdahl.com CALL MEFarm TODAY. State is there. take aTODAY. chance. on occasions you might not know about that CALL ME TODAY. Like a good neighbor, happened during the ‘60s. State Farm is there. CALL ME TODAY. • An item purchased in 1960 for $100 would be equivalent to about $800 today. So consider that the average income in 1960 was $5,315. This StateState FarmFarm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Mutual Automobile Insurance Company 1301900 1301900 StateState FarmFarm Indemnity Company, Bloomington, IL IL Indemnity Company, Bloomington, would translate into today’s dollars at $42,520. A new house averaged $12,700, equivalent to $101,600 these days. By 1969, the income was $8,540 and the house cost was $15,500. A new Carpet Cleaning car could be purchased for $2,600, a price that Services, Inc. increased to $3,270 by 1969. Carpet Cleaning • Carpet • Chemist Leo Sternbach was responsible for Cleaning SPECIAL! calming the anxieties of millions of AmeriUpholstery $109 •Cleaning cans with his invention of Valium in 1961, just 3 Rooms & one of his 241 drug patents. Valium decreases Hallway • Water Not valid with any other offer. the rate of brain activity, tranquilizing those Extraction Expires 12-30-16 areas of the brain responsible for sensing fear. Although it was the biggest-selling drug in the nation from 1969 to 1980, it was found to be 701-775-8500 addictive, with some users dependent on it in Residential & Commercial just two weeks. Many users were found to depend on Valium for life’s everyday troubles, as House of well as difficulty experiencing joy. SharonOpdahl, Opdahl, Agent Agent Sharon 253417th 17thAvenue Avenue South, South, Suite Suite F 2534 Sharon Opdahl, Agent Grand Forks, ND 58201 58201 Grand Forks, ND 2534Bus: 17th701-746-0495 Avenue South, Suite F Bus: 701-746-0495 Grand Forks, ND 58201 sharon@sharonopdahl.com sharon@sharonopdahl.com Bus: 701-746-0495 sharon@sharonopdahl.com

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THE 1960s (continued):

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Quiz Bits

4. What 1960s TV series featured the Martin family and their dog? 1. Who played the Bond Girl 5. What was Chandler’s last Honey Ryder in the first 007 name on the comedy series movie, “Dr. No” in 1962? “Friends”? 2. Name the music group who 6. Melania Trump will be the sang, “We’re the young gensecond non-U.S. born First eration, and we’ve got someLady. Who was the first? thin’ to say.” 7. The direction of starboard on 3. The world’s first non-dairy a boat means what? creamer hit grocer’s shelves in TRIVIA 1961. What was its name? SPONSORED BY:

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• The first James Bond movie “Dr. No” was released in 1962, starring Sean Connery in the first of his seven appearances as the British secret agent. Bond creator Ian Fleming didn’t want Connery in the role, and after viewing the film declared it was, “Dreadful. Simply dreadful.” The film’s budget was $1,000,000, and when costs exceeded that by $100,000, the producers wanted to halt production, fearing they would never make their money back. “Dr. No” went on to gross $59.6 million worldwide. • In July of 1963, the U.S. Post Office introduced the Zone Improvement Plan, or ZIP for short, establishing five-digit codes to improve its mail sorting and delivery systems. The code’s first digit designated the geographical area of the U.S., with zero assigned to the Northeast, increasing up to nine in the far West. The next two digits narrowed the area down to sectional centers, with the final two digits specifying the post offices. This was also the time that the Post Office instituted two-letter state abbreviations. Some locations ended up with noteworthy ZIP codes, including General Electric’s world headquarters in Schenectady, New York, with ZIP 12345. Newton Falls, Ohio, has 44444 and Young America, Minnesota’s mail is addressed to ZIP 55555. In 1964, the U.S. Forest Service’s mascot Smokey Bear was so popular and received so much fan mail that he was given his own ZIP code, 20252. • What were folks watching on TV during the 1960s? One of the most popular series was the prime-time soap opera “Peyton Place,” which aired from 1964 to 1969. Other dramas included “The Fugitive,” “77 Sunset Strip,” “The Man from U.N.C.L.E.,” “Perry Mason,” and “Route 66.” On the lighter side, viewers enjoyed the 98 episodes of “Gilligan’s Island,” along with “Hogan’s Heroes,” and “The Monkees.” ...continued

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3. How many times did Vince Coleman steal over 100 bases in a season during his MLB career? 4. When was the last time before 2014-15 (Kyrie Irving) that an NBA player had two games of 55 or more points in the same season? 5. Between 1970 and 2000, what was the most triples hit by one player in any one major league season?

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In the halcyon days of the 1970s and ‘80s, a car company then-called Datsun used to saturate the airwaves during televised sporting events. Famous for its sporty “Z” cars (the 240Z, 260Z and 280ZX), Datsun extolled the gas-saving virtues of its brand, cheerfully urging wouldbe drivers to “put your money in the bank, not in the tank.” That admonition would work well in today’s world of boxing, too. Last year saw the passing of the “Greatest of All Time” (GOAT) and the continued win streak of “The Best Ever” (TBE). While Muhammad Ali can no longer reap the dividends from his illustrious career, Floyd “Money” Mayweather is still in fighting shape at 39 years of age, and he is in possession of what is really the sole marketing gimmick left in professional boxing — an unbeaten record of 49-0. If you were a betting man, you would think that an ego-driven boxer who has never really been challenged or hit hard more than once outside of the “Sugar” Shane Mosley fight, would like the all-time unbeaten boxing record all to himself. He’s tied with Rocky Marciano, but your bettor’s hunch just may prove to be correct: Mayweather himself has trademarked the term “TBE 50-0.” So conditions appear to right. Mayweather is the greatest defensive boxer who ever lived. I’ve watched thousands of fights, and I

• The space adventures of the starship Enterprise on the NBC series “Star Trek” began on September 8, 1966 and continued for 79 episodes, with the last airing on June 3, 1969. Despite a fans’ letter-writing campaign, NBC cancelled the series, which achieved a much larger viewer audience afterward, when it entered syndication. Fans who became known as “Trekkies” organized conventions to honor the cult classic, which eventually became the most popular syndicated series.

November 28, 2016

Put Your Money in the Bank

have never seen anyone protect himself any better. Ali was harder to hit, and he moved around the ring better, but Mayweather’s ability to fend off blows like a horse flicking off flies with his tail is unmatched across any era. The problem is that his style is epically boring, and as boxing continues to look for its next ratings savior, he’s not helping. Enter Conor McGregor, the baddest man on the planet. He holds two UFC belts in two different weight classes and has a record of 21-3, which translated to a boxing record would be more like 100-3 (factor in that MMA fighters use more of their body to strike, and the sheer overall violence). With the loss of Rhonda Rousey, he is the most visible and popular champion in the fight game. Also, he is game to fight Mayweather. Let’s face it, Mayweather has nobody to face who would command the nine-figure payout he is demanding. Nobody is going to fall for another pay-per-view disaster like Mayweather-Pacquio II. A fight against McGregor would more than live up to the hype, if only to showcase the merits of boxing as a fighting style as it continues to lose mindshare to MMA. Also, it would be an easy fight for Mayweather. Vegas oddsmakers already have the fight at -2250/+980 in favor of Mayweather (meaning you’d have to wager $2,250 on Mayweather to win $100, $100 on McGregor to win $980), but you don’t need to be an expert to call this one. Keep your money in the bank — McGregor won’t tank, but Mayweather has plenty of gas left in his. It would be the greatest upset in sports history and certainly worth watching ... that much you can bet. Let’s get it on.

THE 1960s (continued)

• A popular 1994 movie tried to convince us that Forrest Gump was responsible for the invention of the “smiley face” when he wiped his mudsplattered face on a yellow T-shirt. In reality, the image was the creation of American graphic artist Harvey Ross Ball. Ball was hired in 1963 to create an illustration to raise morale among the employees of an insurance company that had undergone several arduous mergers and acquisitions. He designed the image in less than 10 minutes, receiving $45 for his labors. The State Mutual Life Assurance Company issued posters, buttons, and signs embellished with the smiley face, trying to get their workers to smile more. • On January 15, 1967, the Green Bay Packers teamed up against the Kansas City Chiefs at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum for the very first Super Bowl. Forty million viewers crowded around their television to watch the inaugural sporting event. (Contrast this with the nearly 115 million viewers who watched Super Bowl XLIX in 2015, the most-viewed television broadcast of any kind in American history.) Halftime entertainment was provided by the marching bands from the University of Arizona and Grambling State University, trumpeter Al Hirt, and 300 pigeons, along with a release of 10,000 balloons. The Packers defeated the Chiefs by a score of 35 to 10. ...continued

THE 1960s (continued):

• There have been health warnings on cigarette packages since 1965, when the U.S. Congress passed the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act, requiring "Caution: Cigarette Smoking May Be Hazardous to Your Health" to be printed on every package. The act also banned cigarette ads on broadcast media. • Most likely, the name Douglas Engelbart is unfamiliar to you, yet you probably use his invention every single day. In 1967, Engelbart applied for a patent for an “X-Y position indicator for a display system,” which consisted of a wooden shell with two metal wheels. Its purpose was to link to a computer’s cursor, allowing the user to position the cursor on the screen. One of the wheels was horizontal, the other vertical. So what was the invention? The computer mouse! Prior to Engelbart’s device, computer operators had to type codes and commands to make things happen. Engelbart never received any royalties for his invention. • Musical artists have been pictured on the cover of the Rolling Stone since November 9, 1967, when the magazine first hit the newsstands. The inaugural issue featured John Lennon on the cover. Tina Turner graced the cover of the second issue. The magazine was founded in San Francisco by Jann Wenner, who is still the magazine’s publisher, along with a partner, music critic Ralph Gleason. Wenner borrowed $7,500 from his parents to establish the publication, and took the title from the 1950 blues song “Rollin’ Stone,” recorded by Muddy Waters, from the rock band The Rolling Stones, and from Bob Dylan’s hit “Like a Rolling Stone.” The first issue included stories about the Grateful Dead, David Crosby, The Who, Pink Floyd, and Donovan, and could be purchased for 25 cents.

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• It was 20th-century Swiss-American psychiatrist Elisabeth Kubler-Ross who made the following sage observation: "People are like stained-glass windows: They sparkle and shine when the sun is out, but when the darkness sets in, their true beauty is revealed only if there is a light within." • At the outbreak of World War I, American financier August Belmont Jr. volunteered for the U.S. Army -- at the age of 64. He served in France as a major in the Army Air Service. His wife was so proud that when one of their mares, Mahubah, gave birth to a colt in 1917, she named it in honor of her husband, not realizing that Man o' War would become one of the greatest racehorses of all time. • You doubtless know that a placebo is a pill or substance that is given to a patient like a medication, but in fact has no physical effect. Most people, however, haven't heard of a nocebo -- a similarly harmless substance that might make patients sick because they think it will. • It's not unknown for temperatures during a Siberian summer to exceed 100 degrees Fahrenheit. • Almost a thousand years before Johannes Gutenberg introduced mechanical moveable type to Europe, people in Asia were already printing messages set in type. The oldest recorded such piece, from China, translates as "Beware of Dog." • You might be surprised to learn that the oldest public university in the United States is the University of North Carolina. • If you're like the average human being, you have approximately 250,000 sweat glands on your feet alone. *** Thought for the Day: "There is no human being who, as a result of desiring to build a better life, should be named or declared illegal." -- Alejandro G. Inarritu © 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

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• The omnivorous meerkats are small animals, only measuring up less than a foot from head to rump. Their tail does add another 9.5 inches to their length. They weigh about the same as a squirrel, around 2 lbs. When a meerkat is standing on all four feet, its height is only 6 inches. • Meerkats are found in the deserts and grasslands of Africa, specifically in Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Lesotho. Dark patches of fur around their eyes effectively reduce the glare of the desert sun, similar to the result achieved by baseball players who paint dark lines under their eyes. In the mornings, they enjoy basking in the sun or grooming themselves. • The diet of a meerkat is quite varied, as they dine on lizards, birds, bugs, snakes, rodents, eggs, and fruit. Poisonous scorpions are a staple of the meerkat’s diet, and it can catch the scorpion, pull off its deadly stinger in a second, and swallow it. They have a unique immunity to the scorpion’s venom.

• Meerkats have an elaborate “sentry” procedure that protects the clan and their domain. All the adults have a turn at guard duty in an hour-long shift, watching for predators while the others forage for food throughout the day. When all is well, the sentry makes peeping sounds. If there is danger, the meerkat has six different alarm calls that indicate the level of urgency. There are more than 20 different calls with different meanings made by the meerkat, including lost calls, feeding calls, and a call to forage. • Although they might seem friendly, even sharing their burrows with the yellow mongoose and ground squirrels, these animals can be quite aggressive, vicious fighters, sometimes killing the young members of their clan in order to improve their position in the hierarchy. • Thinking of a meerkat as a pet? In the United States, you need a special permit to keep one. They are aggressive toward anyone unfamiliar, are prone to bovine tuberculosis, and have been known to get rabies.

Answer

• Meerkats are members of the mongoose family with very long bodies and coats of gold, silver, orange, or brown. Unlike Timon, who walks on his hind legs, real meerkats can only stand on their hind legs, but walk on all fours. They use their tail for balancing when standing upright.

Weekly SUDOKU

If you’ve ever seen the 1994 animated film The Lion King, you’ve seen a meerkat in the form of Timon, who sang “Hakuna matata,” the Swahili phrase that means “no worries.” This week, Tidbits has the real facts about this unusual creature, who really can’t sing at all!

• These animals have sharp claws that enable them to dig complex underground burrow systems, 6 to 8 feet underground. A meerkat can dig through sand equal to its own weight in a matter of seconds. One burrow system might have as many as 70 different entrances and exits to keep them safe from predators, while providing a cool place out of the punishing heat of the desert sun. While digging, a membrane covers and protects the meerkat’s eyes, and the animal also has the ability to close its ears to keep the dirt out.

Answer

MEERKAT

King CROSSWORD

Unusual Animals:

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• A holiday reminder: Freezy equals flaky when it comes to baked goods. Pie crusts, biscuits, even shortbread cookies turn out better when you keep ingredients very cold (not actually frozen, though). For items that you want soft and light, like cakes, let ingredients (butter, eggs) come to room temperature for best results. • Recipe substitution: For ricotta in Italian pasta dishes, try pureeing cottage cheese instead. • “Add a shake or two of cinnamon to chili this season. It really enhances the flavor, and my family has enjoyed great renown locally for our recipe.” — E.L. in Texas • You can refill your foaming hand soap by watering down budget shampoo. Really. It’s super-cheap, smells great and lasts forever. If you don’t have a foaming hand soap dispenser, cut down on the amount of soap that comes out with each pump by wrapping a rubber band around the pump. • Here’s an easy DIY decoration that really makes a table — candles. Simply wrap the label area of your empty wine bottles with your favorite wrapping paper of the season, then stick a tapered candlestick into the top. Surround with painted pinecones for a beautiful centerpiece. • “Use a hole punch and ribbon to add Christmas cards to your display. They can double as ornaments, or look great hanging from a bannister or around a doorway.” — A.V. in Kentucky Send your tips to Now Here’s a Tip, 628 Virginia Drive, Orlando, FL 32803. © 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

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King Features Weekly Service

November 21, 2016

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Christmas Trees Change With Times By Lucie Winborne

• On Dec. 5, 1839, Gen. George Armstrong Custer is born in Harrison County, Ohio. Although he is best known for his demise at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, Montana, in 1876, Custer built a reputation as a dashing and effective Union cavalry leader during the Civil War. • On Dec. 10, 1869, motivated by interest in free publicity, Wyoming territorial legislators pass a law granting women the right to vote. Area men hoped women would be more likely to settle in the rugged and isolated country if they could vote. • On Dec. 6, 1884, in Washington, D.C., workers place a 9-inch aluminum pyramid atop a tower of white marble, completing the construction of a monument to the city's namesake, George Washington. • On Dec. 9, 1917, after Turkish troops withdrew after only a single day of fighting, officials of the Holy City of Jerusalem offer the keys to the city to British troops, who promised to protect all religious shrines. • On Dec. 11, 1946, the U.N. votes to establish the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) to help provide relief to children in countries devastated by World War II. The United States has never ratified the treaty. • On Dec. 7, 1989, boxer Sugar Ray Leonard triumphs over a lackluster Roberto Duran in a unanimous 12-round decision in Las Vegas. Leonard, an Olympic gold medalist, became a boxing sensation in the 1980s. • On Dec. 8, 1993, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is signed into law by President Bill Clinton. NAFTA, a trade pact between the United States, Canada and Mexico, eliminated all tariffs and trade restrictions. NAFTA was criticized by businessman Ross Perot, who argued that Americans would hear a "giant sucking sound" of U.S. companies fleeing to Mexico and taking jobs with them. © 2016 King Features Synd., Inc.

For thousands of years, plants and trees that remain green throughout the year have held special significance through winter's early darkness and cold. Not only were they a reminder that warmth, light and crops would return again with the spring, but in many countries their branches were draped over doors and windows in an effort to repel witches, ghosts, evil spirits and illness. But how did the evergreen become a fixture of Dec. 25? We can thank Germany for starting that tradition in the 16th century, when devout Christians brought decorated trees into their homes. And it's widely held that Martin Luther was the first to add light to a tree. As the story goes, the Protestant reformer was walking home one evening when he was struck by the beauty of stars twinkling among evergreens. To illustrate it for his family, he put up a tree in the main room of his house and wired candles to its branches. Americans weren't so quick to catch on, however. New England Puritans regarded Christmas as sacred, and celebrations of the day, including Christmas carols, were described by William Bradford as "pagan mockery." In fact, in 1659, the General Court of Massachusetts passed a law making any further observance of Dec. 25 other than a church service a penal offense: People actually would be fined for hanging decorations! Prince Albert, husband to Queen Victoria, made Christmas trees fashionable in England by accepting his wife's suggestion to decorate their family's at Windsor Castle in the style of his childhood, with candles, sweets, fruits, gingerbread and an angel at the top. After a sketch of the tree ran in the Illustrated London News, what had been largely regarded as a pagan symbol rapidly gained popularity in both Britain and America. By 1870, fine glass ornaments were being imported from Germany, and in 1882, Edward Johnson, an assistant to Thomas Edison, produced the first set of electric tree lights. Since those early days, style trends in Christmas trees have been about as limitless as human imagination. Artificial trees, which became popular in the early 20th century, have been comprised of everything from colored ostrich feathers to papier mache to glass and plastic. In 1930, the Addis Housewares Company even created one from brush bristles, using the same machinery it used to make toilet brushes. And if you're not going with a live tree this year, who says it has to be green -- or an evergreen? Put an Indian spin on your holiday with a mango or banana tree. Choose from lipstickred or zebra striped, ice-blue or lavender ... black for those with a Gothic streak ... even rainbow and candy-corn shades. Whatever the hue, whether the lights are fiber optic or traditional bulbs, the branches strung with popcorn or electronics -- there's something to tickle every fancy and illuminate every home with the spirit of the most wonderful time of the year.

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THE BERLIN WALL

As Berliners slept on the night of August 12, 1961, soldiers and construction workers labored in East Berlin, tearing up streets that led into West Berlin, erecting concrete posts, and stringing barbed wire, creating a barrier between the two parts of the city. Phone wires between East and West were cut, severing communications out of East Berlin. • At the end of World War II, Germany had been divided between the Allied Powers and the Soviet Union. The Allied powers fostered democracy and a capitalist society in West Germany, with freedom to travel. The result was a rapid postwar economic recovery. The Soviet Union, however, viewing East Germany as a “spoil of war,” quickly moved factory equipment and valuable assets to their own country. East Germany was established as a communist society with few freedoms. • As East Germany’s living conditions became more and more oppressive and the economy deterioraed, by the late 1950s, many had packed up and moved to West Berlin. By 1961, 2.5 million people had fled to the west, depleting the east’s labor force and population.

NUGGET OF KNOWLEDGE Does the name of Valentina Tereshkov ring a bell? This Soviet cosmonaut is famous for being the first woman in space, a feat accomplished in June of 1963, when Valentina was 26 years old. She traveled aboard Vostok 6, and completed 48 orbits in 71 hours, more time in space than all the U.S. astronauts combined to that date. She never entered space again, and three years later became a member of the USSR's national Parliament. The world's first WalMart opened in Rogers, Arkansas, on July 2, 1962. By 1967, the Walton family owned 24 stores, with annual sales of $12.7 million.

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• On the morning of August 13, East Berliners found themselves trapped. The 60,000 laborers who lived in the East but worked in the West could not get to work. Family and friends could no longer cross the border to meet. East Berliners were no longer allowed to attend any type of artistic entertainment, such as the theater or concerts. • The Wall extended through the center of Berlin, then wrapped around West Berlin, for over 100 miles, completely restricting travel between the two areas. ...continued

THE BERLIN WALL (continued):

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• Within a very few days, the original concrete post and barbed-wire fence was replaced with a permanent Answer: Dell.edifice of concrete blocks, topped with barbed wire.LARGE In 1965,NUMBER steel girders and a A VERY concrete wall separated the two halves of the • Edward Kasner was a mathematician. In 1938 country. he was asked to come up with a name for a • Avery five-year-long upgrade began in 1975, made large number: the numeral one, followed hundred zeros. He asked hisand twoayoung upbyofa 12-ft x 4-ft. concrete slabs, large, nephewspipe what namethe they would suggest. slippery around top to deter any climb•ing. Nine-year-old Milton a Man’s name On the other side asuggested 300-ft. “No out ofwas theguarded funnies.byAsoldiers cartoonwith stripdogs, character Land” elecnamed Barney was very popular. Milton chose tric fencing, watchtowers with giant spotlights, Barney’s last name for the number. and minefields. • Kasner announced the new name for the big • Thousands attempted escape from East Berlin. number in his next book, altering the spelling. Some brave individuals tried jumping from up•per-story Sixty years later, Larry Page andbuildings Sergey Brin windows of apartment bordeveloped a new internet search engine. Other dering the Wall. As the Wall became taller and search engines searched each webpage and stronger, elaborate tunnel from East ranked them according to systems how many times a German basements were dug. One resourceful specific term appeared on them, but Page and group saved scraps clothengine and constructed Brin designed their of search to search fora hot air balloon that sailed into West Germany. the specific term and then find out how many linksGerman there were that shot led back to that East soldiers anyone who page, even which resulted in Wall. a better engine. came close to the Ansearch estimated 200 died their escape while about 5,000that are •inThey decidedattempts, they needed a name reflectedto how many websites the search believed have crossed successfully. engine was searching. They took the name • Inofthe late 1980s, political came about, Edward Kasner’s verychanges large number, only asthey the misspelled Eastern Block’s authoritarian power beit slightly, so it ended up being gan to weaken. In late 1989, several border spelled exactly the same way the cartoon checkpoints were opened who character Barney spelled to hisEast last Germans name. What’s it called? bottom of page) wanted to (Answer escape toat the West. The Wall was quickly flooded with people, with some wieldCOMPUTER FACTS ing hammers and chisels at the • In 1981 Bill Gates said, “640 barricade. kb of memory ought to be enough for anybody.” • The official demolition of the Berlin Wall beon June 1990, was not completed •gan Moore’s Law13, states thatand computer performance until 1992. East18 andtoWest Germany doubles every 24 months, andwere everreunisince 1971, been true. state in October of fied intothis a has single German •1990. HP, Google, Microsoft, and Apple were all started in garages. Answer: Google, fromREADING googol. TIDBITS! THANKS FOR

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