Tidbits Grand Forks - January 8, 2015 by Tidbits of Grand Forks - East Grand Forks

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Since 1997

ISSUE

#900

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks January 8, 2015

Published by: Wick Publications

OFFICE SUPPLIES

Mrs.

by Janet Spencer

Sharon Opdahl Agent

Sharon Opdahl, Agent 2534 17th Avenue South Grand Forks, ND 58201 Bus: 701-746-0495 sharonopdahl.com

We all feel the same commitment to care for our families. Helping you meet your insurance needs is part 2534 17th Ave. S. • Suite F Grand Forks, ND 58201 of my commitment to you. Like a good neighbor, 701-746-0495 State Farm is there.® sharonopdahl.com CALL ME TODAY.

Many people will be returning to their job following the holiday break, so come along with Tidbits as we look at office supplies! BALLPOINT PENS • The word "pen" comes from the Latin word "pinna" meaning feather, because the first pens were quill pens made from feathers.

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• Today ballpoint ink is dye dissolved in vegetable oils and/or castor oil. • When the first ballpoint pens went on sale on in 1945 at Gimbels in New York City, 5,000 people jammed the store to get a chance to buy one for $12.50 which was equal to a day's pay. Fifty extra police officers were called and 47 people fainted in the crush. 10,000 pens were sold in six hours, and an average of 6,000 pens were sold daily for four months after that. This in spite of the fact that the pens did not work very well. • A good pen can write 50 thousand words before running out of ink.

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• When people wrote with quill pens, it was customary to carry a small knife in order to cut new pens— called a penknife.

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Issue # 900

wickpub@yahoo.com

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PENS (continued): • Bic owns one-third of the ballpoint market in the U.S.

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Quiz Bits

LIKE US ON:

4. What was gangster Al Capone convicted of, sending him to prison? 5. What 1980s movie featured the lines, “My name is Inigo Montoya. You killed my father. Prepare to die.”? 6. Which long-running country variety show feature a radio station named KORN? 7. What would somone who suffered from chorophobia be afraid of?

1. How many jobs has the average American worker held by the time they reach the age of 40? 2. The average pencil holds enough graphite to draw a continous line for approximately how many miles? 3. Name the world’s largest office building which contains 6.5 million square feet of space?

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• In 95% of cases, if a person is given a new pen, the first word that they write will be their name. STAPLERS • Before the invention of staples, people would bind papers using ribbons strung through holes, or drops of wax to seal them together. • The first stapler was invented in the 1700s for the benefit of King Louis XV of France. Every single staple was made by hand and inscribed with his insignia. • George McGill patented the modern stapler in 1866, but his contraption weighed 2.5 lbs and was not very portable. Each staple had to be inserted individually. McGill showcased his invention at the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. • McGill's design was improved in 1905, but the stapler had to be smacked with a mallet to secure the staple because the staples were connected to each other with a thin bit of metal. • At first the stapler was such a rare contraption that firms would buy a single stapler and the entire company had to share it. • In the 1920s Swingline invented a stapler that used a row of staplers that were connected by glue instead of by metal. This made stapling easy and quick, and mallets were no longer required. • The world’s most expensive stapler was an antique Remington model manufactured in 1919. It sold for $760 on eBay. • In 2012, $80 million worth of staplers were sold in the U.S., and Swingline remains the major manufacturer.

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SPORTS QUIZ

4. Who was the youngest NHL team captain to win three Stanley Cups? 1. How many times did Hall 5. T or F: Johnny Unitas was of Famer Ted Williams walk the first Colts player to be more than 140 times in a inducted into the Pro Footseason? ball Hall of Fame. 2. In 2013, Duke’s football team 6. In 2013, Mark Trumbo set a record for most victories became the sixth player in in a season (10). Before then, Angels history to have conhow many times did the Blue secutive 30-homer seasons. Devils win nine in a season? Name three of the first five. 3. What year was the first in 7. USC has won the most Rose which the Utah Jazz made the Bowls with 24. What team NBA playoffs? has the second-most wins?

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PENCILS • When an oak tree tipped over in Cumbria, England, in the mid-1500s, a deposit of extremely pure graphite was discovered underneath it. Graphite is a form of carbon. Other graphite deposits are soft, but this deposit was solid. Bits could be sawn off into sticks. The locals used these sticks for marking sheep. Today it remains the only graphite deposit found in solid form. • Because solid graphite had never been heard of, people mistook it for a form of lead, giving us what we now call "pencil lead" even though pencils have no lead in them. • The news of these writing sticks spread around the world, and England held a monopoly on pencils for centuries. • The first pencils made from these graphite sticks were wrapped in string or leather. Around 1560, an Italian couple invented the prototype for the modern-day pencil by encasing a stick of graphite inside a hollowed-out stick of wood. This prevented the pencil lead from breaking and prevented the black carbon from rubbing off on the fingers. Later, this method was improved by splitting a stick in half, hollowing out the center, inserting the graphite, and then gluing the two halves of the stick together. This is how pencils are still made today.

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• During the Napoleonic wars, England refused to export any graphite to France, and Napoleon was desperate for pencils. In 1795, officer Nicholas Jacques Conte ground soft graphite into powder, mixed it with clay, pressed it into sticks, and baked them in a kiln. The success of this formula broke the English monopoly on pencils because soft graphite is widely available. The recipe Conte concocted is used by pencil manufacturers today.

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your local agent Medical & agent for Contact Contact your local for more information: moreMedicare information: t for more information: Coverage <Agent Name> Financial Services <Agency Name> <Address> Roger Parkinson • 701-772-1872 H2409, H2410, H2450_2058 (01-2009) <City, ST ZIP> ©2009 Medica. Medica contracts with the federal government. <Phone> 2750 17th Ave. S. • Ste. B • Grand Forks <Hours of Operation> >

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2009 Medica. Medica® contracts with the federal government.

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MOMENTS IN TIME • On Jan. 13, 1128, Pope Honorius II grants a papal sanction to the military order known as the Knights Templar, declaring it to be an army of God. The self-imposed mission of the Knights Templar was to protect Christian pilgrims on their way to the Holy Land. • On Jan. 14, 1860, the U.S. House of Representatives' Committee of ThirtyThree submits a proposed constitutional amendment protecting slavery in all areas where it already existed. The proposed measure was not enough to stem the tide of seceding states. • On Jan. 15, 1870, the first recorded use of a donkey to represent the Democratic Party appears in Harper's Weekly, drawn by political illustrator Thomas Nast. Four years later, Nast originated the use of an elephant to symbolize the Republican Party in a Harper's Weekly cartoon. • On Jan. 18, 1882, A.A. Milne, creator of Winnie-the-Pooh, is born. Years later when his son, Christopher Robin, was born, Milne used the boy's stuffed animals as inspiration for the stories "Winnie-the-Pooh" and "The House at Pooh Corner."

The History Channel

• On Jan. 12, 1932, Ophelia Wyatt Caraway, a Democrat from Arkansas, becomes the first woman to be elected to the U.S. Senate. Caraway had been appointed to the Senate two months earlier to fill the vacancy left by her late husband, Thaddeus Horatio Caraway. • On Jan. 17, 1984, U.S. Supreme Court decides Universal v. Sony, the court battle over the legality of the video cassette recorder (VCR) and its allegedly detrimental effect on the motion-picture industry. The U.S. District Court ruled in favor of Sony, stating that taping material for private entertainment purposes was fair use. • On Jan. 16, 1991, the United Nations deadline for the Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait expires, and the Pentagon prepares to commence offensive operations to forcibly eject Iraq from its five-month occupation of its oil-rich neighbor. Operation Desert Storm was conducted by an international coalition under the command of U.S. General Norman Schwarzkopf and featured forces from 32 nations. © 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

PENCIL FACTS • 14 billion pencils are manufactured each year. • A tree can make around 300,000 pencils. • Hexagonal pencils outsell round by 10 to 1. • You can make pencil marks permanent by washing them in skimmed milk. • Carpenters' pencils are rectangular so they don't roll away during work. • John Steinbeck is said to have used more than 300 pencils to write his novel "East of Eden." • During World War II rotary pencil sharpeners were outlawed in Britain because they wasted so much scarce graphite and wood, so pencils had to be sharpened with knives. ERASERS • Until the 1770s, the only way of erasing pencil marks was to take a bit of bread, moisten it, ball it up, and rub it on the paper. Then one day British engineer Edward Nairne absentmindedly picked up a piece of rubber instead of breadcrumbs, and discovered it erased the pencil marks even better. • Pencils leave a mark on paper because the graphite mixes with the fiber in the paper. Erasers work because their polymers are stickier than the paper, so graphite particles stick to the eraser instead of the paper. • Teachers originally resisted the idea of having pencils equipped with erasers because they felt it encouraged students to make mistakes. • Pink rubber erasers usually are mixed with powdered pumice to increase abrasiveness. • Today the typical pink eraser on the tip of a pencil is made from vinyl instead of rubber. • Johnny Carson regularly played with pencils at his "Tonight Show" desk. These pencils were specially made with erasers at both ends to avoid on-set accidents. A dentist decided to rent some Tidbits Laughs extra office space in his suite to

a manicurest. It didn't work out, though, because after a few months, they were fighting tooth and nail.

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Of Grand fOrks • East Grand fOrks

September 11, 2014

Published by: Wick Publications

BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. Sharon Opdahl, Agent Sharon 2534 17thOpdahl Avenue South Grand Forks, ND 58201 Agent Bus: 701-746-0495 sharonopdahl.com

2534 17th Ave. S. • Suite F Grand Forks, ND 58201 701-746-0495 sharonopdahl.com

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Since 1997

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Of Grand fOrks • East Grand fOrks

September 11, 2014

Published by: Wick Publications

BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. BUSY. Sharon Opdahl, Agent Sharon 2534 17thOpdahl Avenue South Grand Forks, ND 58201 Agent Bus: 701-746-0495 sharonopdahl.com

The

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TIDBITS® BEATING by Janet Spencer

On September 11, 1952, the first artificial aortic valve was installed in a patient in Washington, D.C. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at the human heart!

HEART ATTACK FACTS • 37% of all deaths in the United States are related to heart disease, making it the largest single cause of natural death. Heart disease kills twice as many people as all forms of cancer combined. The major causes are smoking, fatty diet, high blood pressure, obesity, stress, heredity, lack of exercise, and diabetes. It is an illness produced of man's environment. Before 1900, heart attacks were very rare. The rate of heart disease increased so sharply between 1940 and 1967 that the World Health Organization called it the world’s most serious epidemic. • Every single cell in the heart is guided by an electrical impulse which synchronizes the heartbeat so all muscle cells contract in unison to pump the blood. During a heart attack, the cells begin firing out of turn so the efficiency of the heart is lost and the blood does not get pumped. When doctors shock the heart, the shock overrides each cell’s individual firing mechanism and once again synchronizes every cell, hopefully getting them all to work together again. WANT TO RUN YOUR OWN BUSINESS? Publish a

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turn the page for more!

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Paper in Your Area

We provide the opportunity for success!

For Every Edge, Every Curve, Every Corner

Mrs.

On September 11, 1952, the first artificial aortic valve was installed in a patient in Washington, D.C. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at the human heart!

Publish a

Anything else is a compromise

Issue # 884

wickpub@yahoo.com

HEART

Manufactured to Miele’s 20-Year Life Specifications

Hair Loss Hospital

701-772-8239

TIDBITS® BEATING

WANT TO RUN YOUR OWN BUSINESS?

Grand Forks Grand Cities Mall

M-F 10-7 • Sat 10-5 • Sun 12-4

Early Bird

701-739-2403 Mikala Hoge, DDS

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1003 S. Washington Street Grand Forks, ND • (across from Gerrells)

FINAL MARKD OWNS ON ENTIRE SUMME R STOCK

turn the page for more!

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For Every Edge, Every Curve, Every Corner

Mrs.

HEART

Issue # 884

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WWW.TIDBITSGF.COM

NOTEWORTHY INVENTIONS:

THE TABULATOR

• On January 8, 1889, the first tabulating machine was patented by Herman Hollerith. The invention heralded the modern era of machine data processing. • Born in Buffalo, NY, Hollerith received a Ph.D. in engineering from Columbia University in 1890, and taught mechanical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology before going to work for the Census Bureau. • Hollerith's job with the Census Bureau involved compiling statistics. Back then, it took 8 years to tabulate the census information— and the census was taken once every 10 years. Hollerith knew there must be a better way. He worked on the problem even after leaving the Census Office for a better job with an engineering firm. • Then one day he took a train trip. The railroad had been plagued with robbers who posed as passengers. To help catch them, the engineers kept track of everybody on board. They had a card for every person on board, and would punch holes in it to record descriptions of the passengers: punch here for light hair; there for dark hair. Punch out A, B, or C for blue eyes, brown eyes, or green eyes. Punch this corner for short people, or that corner for tall people. This gave Hollerith an idea. • Several weeks later his invention was ready: an electric tabulator. Wherever there was a hole in a card, an electrical connection would be made and a counter would register it. • He subsequently set up the Tabulating Machine Company and began to improve the design of an automatic card-feed system, a keypunch, and punch cards, which formed the foundation of the modern information processing industry.

Tell ‘Em You Saw Their Ad in Tidbits! Advertisers make Tidbits possible

• Hollerith fought an uphill battle to get the notice he deserved. For three years he tried unsuccessfully to get financial backing and corporate interest. Finally, he asked Boston city officials to let him tabulate the town's death records. In just a few days, he tabulated data that would have kept many clerks busy for weeks. People were finally impressed, and the Army hired him to tabulate some statistics. Next he took his invention to the Paris Exposition, where he won a gold medal. • Then he applied for the job of tabulating the 1890 census. The Bureau of the Census set up a competition between all people who were interested in the contract. Herman and his electric tabulator were finished before the others were half through. He got the job. When the census was taken, it took Herman and 30 electric tabulators only six weeks to compile most of the information that had previously required eight years to accomplish. • His tabulator machines rapidly spread across the world. Countries around the world used them for their census taking, and insurance companies used them as well. Even today, his method of keeping track of information is used everywhere extensively. • In 1910, Hollerith sold his Tabulating Machine Company for a few million dollars, but he never liked the new president. In fact, he refused to buy any stock in the company. Perhaps he came to regret that, for if Herman Hollerith had invested $200,000 in that business in 1910, it would have been worth about a billion dollars by 1970. The new owners changed the name of the company and eventually became one of the world's largest corporations, selling computer hardware and software. Can you name the company? The company is called International Business Machines, or IBM.

Tidbits of Grand Forks/ East Grand Forks is Locally Owned and Operated.

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COMPUTERS: QUIZ

• Michael was born in Texas in 1965. He was interested in computers from the moment they began appearing. At 15 he disassembled and reassembled an Apple II computer for fun. • While attending the University of Texas, he started his own computer company out of his dorm room, calling it PCs Limited. With a thousand dollars start-up capital, he began manufacturing his own kind of computer with the revolutionary idea that he could sell them directly to the customers instead of going through a third party. This kept his prices much lower than his competitors and also kept him in close contact with consumers. • At 19, Michael quit college to run his computer company, re-naming the company after himself. By 1992 his firm was listed on the Fortune 500 list of the largest companies in the world, making him the youngest CEO ever to head a Fortune 500 company.

by Samantha Weaver

• Today his company is the most profitable PC manufacturer in the world, and he ranks high on the "Forbes" list of America’s richest people. The company is based in Texas and employs nearly 83,000 people worldwide. What’s Michael’s last name, now carried on personal computers worldwide? (Answer at bottom of the page) COMPUTER FACTS • It took the radio 38 years to reach 50 million users, television only 13 years, but the internet reached 50 million users in only 4 years. • Rear Admiral Grace Hopper, the first female admiral in the US Navy, came up with the term ‘debugging’ after removing a moth from a computer.

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every six able-bodied men in the American colonies actually took up arms. • John Pemberton, the inventor of Coca-Cola, came up with the recipe by boiling coca leaves, kola nuts and a variety of herbs in a pot in his backyard. It was originally sold in his drugstore as a "nerve medicine." • It's well-known that camels are able to go long periods of time without access to water, but biologists say that giraffes are able to survive even longer than camels when deprived of moisture. • In the 18th century, so-called anatomical demonstrations became very popular. At the time, museums, colleges, private homes and even bars hosted public dissections of human corpses. Competition to obtain the sometimes-costly tickets to these events was fierce, and the crowds attending often were raucous. *** Thought for the Day: "I love Mickey Mouse more than any woman I have ever known." -Walt Disney

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• It was American author Gail Kathleen Godwin who made the following sage observation: "Good teaching is onefourth preparation and threefourths theater." • Elizabeth Montgomery, best known for playing the witch Samantha in the TV sitcom "Bewitched," in 1975 played the title role in the TV movie "The Legend of Lizzie Borden." This would not be remarkable, except that a genealogist later showed that Montgomery and the notorious axe-murderer were actually sixth cousins once removed. • Those who study such things say that if you grew up in the era before color TV, you're more likely to dream in black and white. • In April 2014, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission moved to forbid the sale of stuffed baby alligators in "an unnatural body or body part positioning" -- including upright human poses. • You might be surprised to learn that during the Revolutionary War, only one out of

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5. “The Princess Eight 35 miles Bride” The Pentagon 6. “Hee Haw” 7. Dancing Tax evasion (11 years).

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Sports Answers 1. Six times during 19-year career 2. Four times 3. It was 1984 4. Wayne Gretzky (1987 at age 26) 5. False. Art Donovan, in 1968

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NUGGET OF KNOWLEDGE In China, factory workers and office personnel alike regularly take a nap after lunch. Article 49 of the Chinese constitution maintains that "the working population has a right to rest."

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A VERY LARGE NUMBER • Edward Kasner was a mathematician. In 1938 he was asked to come up with a name for a very large number: the numeral one, followed Answer: Dell. zeros. He asked his two young by a hundred VERY LARGE NUMBER nephewsAwhat name they would suggest. • Edward Kasner was a mathematician. 1938 • Nine-year-old Milton suggested a nameInout of he was asked to come up with a name for a the funnies. A cartoon strip character named very large number: the numeral one, followed Barney was very popular. Milton Barby a hundred zeros. He asked his chose two young ney’s last what namename for the number. nephews they would suggest. • • Kasner announced the new name fora the big Nine-year-old Milton suggested name number in his next book, altering the character spelling. out of the funnies. A cartoon strip named Barney was very popular. Milton • Sixty years later, Larry Page and Sergeychose Brin Barney’s last name for the number. developed a new internet search engine. Other • search Kasnerengines announced the new name for the and big searched each webpage number in his next book, altering the spelling. ranked them according to how many times a • specific Sixty years Larryon Page andbut Sergey termlater, appeared them, PageBrin and developed a new internet search engine. Other Brin designed their search engine to search for search engines searched each webpage and the specific term and then find out how many ranked them according to how many times a links there were that led back to specific term appeared on them, butthat Pagepage, and which resulted in a better search engine. Brin designed their search engine to search for the specific term andneeded then find out how many • They decided they a name that relinks there were that led back to that page, flected how many websites the search engine which resulted They in a better search engine. was searching. took the name of Edward • Kasner’s They decided they needed a name that very large number, only they misreflected how many websites the search spelled it slightly, so it ended up being spelled engine the was same searching. They took the name exactly way the cartoon character of Edward Kasner’s very large number, only Barney spelled his last name. What’s it called? they misspelled it slightly, so it ended up being (Answer bottomthe of page) spelled at exactly same way the cartoon character Barney spelled last name. What’s COMPUTER his FACTS it called? (Answer at bottom of page) • In 1981 Bill Gates said, "640 kb of memory FACTS ought to be COMPUTER enough for anybody." • In 1981 Bill Gates said, “640 kb of memory • Moore's states that ought toLaw be enough for computer anybody.”performance doubles every 18 to 24 months, and ever since • 1971, Moore’s that computer performance thisLaw has states been true. doubles every 18 to 24 months, and ever since • HP, Google, 1971, this hasMicrosoft, been true. and Apple were all started in garages. • HP, Google, Microsoft, and Apple were all started inGoogle, garages.from googol. Answer: Answer: Google, from googol.

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