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Pot, Cannabidiol, CBD, THC and Today... Why?
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Up until a few weeks ago the author (a Vietnam Vet with strong ties to the 60’s) was totally unaware of CBD, and apparently ( %ARNºAºMONTHLYºSTIPENDºº\ºº4AX FREEºOPTIONºAVAILABLE plenty of people still have no idea it exists or what it is. ( -ILEAGEºREIMBURSEMENTº What is THC and CBD? They are both Cannabinoids: Organic substances present in Cannabis sativa, having a variety ( 4RAININGºPROVIDEDº of pharmacologic properties. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is one of 113 cannabinoids found in cannabis plants and is the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis, producing the controversial
marijuana “high.� CBD, the second-most researched chemical in cannabis, is Cannabidiol. CBD relaxes muscles, has other therapeutic effects, and is non-psychoactive. In marijuana, CBD and THC balance each other. CBD counters and mitigates (reduces) the psychological effects of THC. Commercially extracted from cannabis plant resin, CBD is then concentrated oil rich in cannabidiol but low in THC. Cannabis Visit with high CBD is specially bred, grown, or both, with the goal of producing a rich CBD-yielding plant. Contemporary Medical marijuana can contain more than twenty percent CBD, while most domestically found marijuana has just one percent CBD or less. So just what is everyone so excited about? Unlike its more famous cannabinoid cousin, THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), CBD does not make you stoned. This is not to say that you feel utterly normal when you take it. Users speak of a “body� high, as opposed to a mindaltering one. “Physically, it’s like taking a warm bath, melting the tension away,� says one connected manufacturer “It is balancing; a leveling, smoothing sensation in the body mostly, and an evenness of attention in the mind.� Additionally, unlike with pot, you are unlikely to find yourself with the munchies after taking CBD. Mandy Moore once told Coveteur that she was experimenting with CBD oil to relieve the pain from wearing high heels. “It could be a really exciting evening,� she said. “I could be floating this year.� Willie Nelson introduced a line of CBD-infused coffee beans called Willie’s Remedy. Dr. Sanjay Gupta gave a qualified endorsement of CBD “I think there is a legitimate medicine here,� he said. “We’re GOTO: talking about something that could really help people.� A New York advertising executive and a board member of a cannabis company in Santa Monica, Calif., that makes disposable vape pens with CBD stated that “It’s hot, everywhere and yet almost nobody understands it. it.� Proponents claim that CBD treats ailments as diverse as inflammation, pain, acne, anxiety, insomnia, depression, post-traumatic stress and even cancer. Such testimonials make CBD seem like a perfect cure for our times. Every cultural era, after all, has its defining psychological malady and most often its signature drug or potent. Consider the jittery postwar cold war era, with survivalists, bomb shelters and suburban fears about keeping up with the Joneses. This gave rise to a boom in sedatives, as seen in the era’s pop songs “Mother’s Little Helper� by the Rolling Stones) and best sellers like “Valley of the Dolls,� by Jacqueline Susann. Then the recessionary 1990s gave rise to Generation X angst, along with Kurt Cobain dirges, and a cultural obsession with newfangled antidepressants; see Elizabeth Wurtzel’s “Prozac Nation: Young and Depressed in America�. It’s easy to wonder if this newly discovered all natural, non-psychotropic and widely available cousin of marijuana represents a cure for the disruptive and anxiety producing 21st Century. continued page 3
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▲ On June 25, 1950, in one of the greatest soccer upsets of all time, an American team composed largely of amateurs defeats its more polished English opponents, 1-0, at the World Cup in Brazil. Assembled just days before the match, the U.S. team included ▲ On June 30, 1859, Emile Blondin a dishwasher, two mailmen, a teacher becomes the first daredevil to walk and a mill worker. across Niagara Falls on a tightrope. The feat was witnessed by some 5,000 ▲ On June 29, 1964, two dozen New spectators. Blondin wore pink tights and Zealand Army engineers arrive in Saigon a yellow tunic, and carried a balancing as a token of that country’s support for pole. the American effort in South Vietnam. ▲ On June 26, 1917, during World War I, the first 14,000 U.S. infantry troops land in France. By the war’s end on Nov. 11, 1918, more than 2 million American soldiers had served on the battlefields of Western Europe, and more than 50,000 lost their lives.
â–˛ On June 24, 1997, Air Force officials release a 231-page report dismissing long-standing claims of an alien spacecraft crash 50 years earlier in Roswell, New Mexico. The UFO rumors began in 1947 when a rancher found shiny material scattered on his land. The Air Force said it was a downed weather balloon.
over the Detroit Tigers 2-1, making him the first modern pitcher ever to throw three no-hitters.
â–˛ On July 6, 1976, in Annapolis, Maryland, the United States Naval Academy admits women for the first time with the induction of 81 female midshipmen. In May 1980, Elizabeth Anne Rowe became the first woman â–˛ On July 7, 1912, Jim Thorpe wins the member of the class to graduate. pentathlon at the fifth modern Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden. He would later â–˛ On July 5, 1996, Dolly the sheep medal in the decathlon. In 1913, though, -- the first mammal to have been he was stripped of his Olympic medals successfully cloned from an adult cell because he had played minor league -- is born at the Roslin Institute in baseball. The medals were restored Scotland. Over the course of her short posthumously in 1982, 30 years after six-year life, Dolly gave birth to four his death. lambs.
â–˛ On June 28, 1972, President Richard Nixon announces that no more draftees will be sent to Vietnam unless they volunteer for such duty. He also announced that a force of 10,000 troops would be withdrawn by Sept. 1, â–˛ On July 1, 1951, Cleveland Indians (c) 2019 Hearst Communications, Inc. which would leave a total of 39,000 in ace Bob Feller pitches the third no-hit All Rights Reserved Vietnam. game of his career to lead the Indians
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DINOSAUR FACTS (Continued) • Not all dinosaurs lived at the same time. The Stegosaurus lived in the Jurassic, while the Tyrannosaurus rex lived in the Cretaceous. The Stegosaurus was extinct for 66 million years before T. Rex walked on the Earth. • Human-like anthropoids have only been on Earth about 2.5 million years. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for about 160 million years, which is about 64 times longer. • It’s been estimated that only one bone out of every billion bones ever becomes fossilized, and that fewer than one out of every 10,000 species has left fossils behind. About 95% of all fossils found belong to marine species which lived either in the ocean or in shallow seas, where conditions were right for fossilization to occur. • While many people think dinosaurs were massive, most dinosaurs were usually human-sized or smaller. Scientists believe that the larger bones were just easier to be fossilized. The first dinosaurs that appeared showed up during the Triassic Period 230 million years ago. They were small and lightweight. Bigger dinosaurs appeared much later, during
Page 2
the Jurassic and Cretaceous. • Only one complete or partial dinosaur skeleton is necessary to identify a new species. In fact, almost half of the dinosaurs that have been identified are known from unique single specimens. • The Stegosaurus (Greek for “roofed lizardâ€?) is noted for having large triangular plates sticking up along the length of its spine. These were thought to be a defense mechanism until researchers noted that they were attached to the creature’s skin rather than the spine, and that they were lined with blood vessels. Now it’s thought that the plates were a method of regulating body temperature, allowing blood to cool off. The plates could be as large at two feet tall and two feet wide. The Stegosaurus had the smallest brainto-body ratio of any known dinosaur. Its body was the size of a van, but its brain was the size of a walnut. • Though the T. Rex catches a lot of flak for its small and nearly useless arms, in terms of proportion the Canotaurus (Latin for “meat-eating bullâ€?) had the smallest arms out of any known species. The arms were vestigial and likely could not even be moved or used. • In 1997 the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago bought the largest, most complete, and best preserved T. Rex skeleton ever found. It was discovered in South Dakota by a fossil collector named Sue Hendrickson who was working with
an expedition. She went to poke through some cliffs while a flat tire was being repaired on the expedition’s truck. The skeleton turned out to be about 90% complete. The T. Rex was subsequently named “Sueâ€? in her honor. The Field Museum of Chicago purchased the T. Rex when it went up for auction at Sotheby’s, paying $8.3 million, making it the most expensive fossil in history. The money went to the man who owned the property where it was found. It’s estimated that the dinosaur was 28 years old when she died. It is on display at the Field Museum. However, most dinosaur bones displayed at museums are casts and reproductions rather than being the original bones. • The word “Tyrannosaurusâ€? comes from the Greek words meaning “tyrant lizardâ€? while the word “rexâ€? means “kingâ€? in Latin. • Velociraptors (Latin for “swift seizerâ€?) were popularized in the “Jurassic Parkâ€? movie, yet were actually much smaller than depicted in the film, being a bit larger than a turkey. • One of the most unique fossils ever found is called “Fighting Dinosaurs.â€? It depicts a carnivorous Velociraptor (about the size of a turkey) locked in mortal combat with a plant-eating Protoceratops (about the size of a sheep). The two creatures were likely buried by a sudden landslide some 80 million years ago. Paleontologists uncovered the fossil in
the Gobi Desert of Mongolia in 1971. • Most meat-eating dinosaurs walked on two feet that ended in large claws, while most plant eaters walked on all fours on hooves. • Some of the big plant-eaters had to eat a ton of food a day, about the size of a bus. • In 2001, researchers discovered a “dinosaur superhighwayâ€? in China that contained over 100 fossilized dinosaur footprints. • The asteroid blast considered responsible for killing off the dinosaurs wiped out nearly 90% of land-based species, but killed only 10% of species living in water. The event is called the K-T boundary because it divides the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period, where “Kâ€? abbreviates the German word for Cretaceous. The Cretaceous period is named for the Latin “cretaâ€? meaning “chalk.â€? The word “Tertiaryâ€? comes from the Latin “tertiusâ€? meaning “thirdâ€? as in “the third age.â€? • It’s likely that the die-off of the dinosaurs happened not instantaneously, but over the course of hundreds or thousands of years, as Earth gradually cooled due to the lack of sunlight, altering the growth of vegetation and changing the food chain.
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not allowed to vote, hold public office, or attend university, and experts in the field could not believe that an uneducated povertyJuly 15th - 19th 5 Days - 4 Nights stricken woman had much of value to say on The Creation Museum/ Ark Encounter (Life Size Ark)/ Riverboat Dinner Cruise the subject. / Shakers Village/ Historic Auto Attractions Museum/ 9 Meals Included and • Fossils that much, much, more! Only $745 Per Person Mary found which ended up in museums Johnny Cash Experience Tour should have been credited to her, but were September 16th – 23rd 8 days - 7 Nights not. Experts talked to Johnny Cash Boyhood Home/ Graceland/Johnny Farm Tour/ Grand Ole Opry/ her and then published Johnny Cash & Patsy Cline Museum/ Country Hall of Fame/13 meals and papers based on what much more! Only $1249 Per Person she had told them without mentioning her as a source. • She was 23 November 18th – 23rd 6 Days & 5 Nights and had been collecting Danny O’Donnell Christmas Show/Million Dollar Quartet/ Dolly Parton’s fossils for years when Stampede Christmas Showboat Branson Belle Dinner Cruise/ Crystal Gayle the word “paleontology” was coined in 1822. Country Christmas Show/ 12 Meals and much more! Only $745 Per She was 28 when she discovered the first All Prices are double occupancy & Include the Motor Pterosaur (pterodactylCoach, Hotels, the Meals & Admissions to Events Bus pick-ups in Cokato, St. Cloud, Elk River, and the Twin Cities type flying reptile) ever found in England. Breaking apart a strange Free Brochure Call: 320-200-4045 or visit www.americanatrips.com fossil, she found it was full of fish scales and fish bones, correctly scientific writing of hers published was age of 47 of breast cancer. Her obituary guessing that it was fossilized excrement, a letter in “Magazine of Natural History” was published in the “Quarterly Journal now called coprolites. She found in 1839, correcting an error in their of the Geological Society,” a society fossilized ink sacs from ancient squids. magazine. that banned women until 1904. Today She nearly died in a landslide that killed • Yet, the scientifi c community the Natural History Museum in London her dog. showcases several of Mary Anning's recognized that she was providing the • She became well known in specimens that were allowing researchers spectacular finds. In 2010, the Royal geological circles. Still, as a woman, she to advance in their fi elds. At the age of Society recognized Mary Anning as one was not eligible to join the Geological 38, she was awarded a small annuity of the ten British women who have most Society of London and was not even influenced the development of science. by the British Association for the allowed to attend meetings as a guest, A number of species of extinct creatures much less as a presenter. The only Advancement of Science. • Mary Anning died in 1847 at the are named after her.
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• The southern coast of England is lined with chalky limestone cliffs that date to prehistoric ages, when the area was close to the Equator and buried under the sea. Called The Jurassic Coast, it’s full of fossils laid down through the 185 million years of the Mesozoic age. • Mary Anning was born in 1799 to a carpenter who lived on this coastline. He earned a second income selling fossils he found on the beach. The best time to find them was after storms caused landslides, exposing new fossils. Mary’s father died when she was 11 years old, leaving his family in poverty. • Mary turned to fossil collecting to supplement the family’s meager income. She collected the fossils, and her mother sold them at a roadside stand in front of their home. Along the way, she learned quite a lot about fossils. • Before his death, Mary’s father found a 4-foot long fossilized animal head that looked like an alligator. After his death, Mary searched until she found the rest of the body, and painstakingly dug the 17-foot specimen out. At the age of 12, she had dug out the world’s first Ichthyosaurus, an ancient marine reptile. At 24, she discovered the first Plesiosaur, a long-necked marine animal, and was accused of faking it until it was found to be genuine. • At this point her reputation spread and people came to visit her fossil shop to purchase specimens for their private collections or for museums. Still, the scientific community spurned her. At the time British women were
Pot, Cannabidiol, CBD, THC and Today... Why? continued
The Law: Two Worlds / Three Words “Cannabis” has generally been a botanical, scientific name for a plant. The word “marijuana” came into common usage mainly because it was used in laws. The definition of marijuana was purely legal, defined by statute – not defined by science. The word “hemp” was always in usage (hemp rope, other industrial uses, even clothing), but it now has a legal definition as well and is embedded in statutes across the country. Repeat: cannabis is primarily a scientific term for the plant. Whereas “Marijuana” and “hemp,” are primarily legal terms, defined by statute as two separate categories of cannabis. Currently under the law in Minnesota, “hemp” is not “marijuana,” and “marijuana” is not hemp. It’s all about the resins: The cannabis plant has many varieties – high resin varieties as well as low resin varieties. The resin contains most of the THC and CBD and many other, entourage cannabinoids. The 1970 Controlled Substance Act definition of “marijuana” focused on the resin as being problematic, and thought to be highly subject to abuse by the public (can’t have that eh?). The Minnesota version’s definition focuses on resin as well. Minnesota Statutes §152.01, subd. 9 (2018): - Marijuana” means all parts of the plant of any species of the genus Cannabis … whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin, but shall not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber from such stalks, oil or cake made
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from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such mature stalks, except the resin extracted therefrom, fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination.” Despite this statutory definition, another statute, using a THC level dividing line, provides that the hemp form of cannabis is not “marijuana.” Hemp must have “no more than 0.3 percent THC by dry weight” under federal, and Minnesota law. Other states have their own scale. We could produce a booklet of state and federal statutes that define and redefine this, along with all the accompanying court cases and scientific findings, but good grief, they are all just planted (pun intended) to struggle with or support one side or the other. In Minnesota CBD from legal hemp is currently legal. CBD from illegal marijuana is currently illegal. Though CBD can be extracted from a hemp source, most naturally occurring hemp has little resin (compared to marijuana); and so has little CBD. From the natural open field variety of cannabis, the best CBD comes from “marijuana” not hemp, as it is legally defined under the federal and Minnesota legal definitions. However, plants can be genetically bred, crossbred, and cultivated to increase the CBD level while also decreasing the THC level to less than the legal threshold of marijuana status. The extract from that sort of plant can be purified to produce crystalline CBD. Again, the current laws make CBD legal if from a legal source (i.e., hemp), but illegal if from an illegal source (i.e., illegal “marijuana”). All relative to the THC CBD ratio. Confusing? Go online to find out all you want about this incredibly over analyzed debate. Cannabidiol CBD is being touted as a magical elixir, a cure-all available in drops, bath bombs, dog treats and lots of other ingestible methods. It is even found in FDA approved pharmaceuticals such as a drug
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to be marketed under the brand name Epidiolex for the treatment of two rare and serious forms of epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome, that begin in childhood but can persist in adulthood. Now we know not to just go out and chew on the Dieffenbachia plant and though you should stay away from the deadly nightshade plant belladonna, the tomato, white potato, eggplant and bell pepper are also nightshade that and consumed everyday. We also know that certain mushrooms are poisonous, some hallucinatory, but yet we eat a great variety of them with steak, pasta, in soups, pickled and in salads. Undoubtably, people want to be able use natural products for health and wellness support. No one seems to object to CBD itself. Cannanaboids are natural and the studies on phytocannabinoids" (compounds derived from the cannabis plant) have just begun. Smoking or ingesting dope, maryjane, the more betters, herb, hooch, whatever you want to call it, whether for health or getting high and for better or worse is a personal prerogative. We were, or are still constantly being encouraged to smoke or chew tobacco, eat excessive fast foods, massively use over the counter medicine and to enjoy responsible alcohol usage. Unfortunately, anything connected to the word marijuana or cannabis has for too long carried a chronic social stigma left over from the conservative side of the previous century. Today, that is fast evaporating and hopefully we are moving on with enlightenment. 1. CBD appears to have desirable health and wellness benefits. 2. CBD has no psychoactive effect, unlike psychoactive drugs and alcohol, etc. 3. CBD is not now, nor has it ever been, illegal, is unregulated and relatively inexpensive in over the counter natural form. Only the third reason listed — the laws and/or FDA regulation could change. The biology of the plant and of humans will not.
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The Veteran’s Post by Freddy Groves
Does This Remind You of Agent Orange? In the 1960s, the Navy, along with a civilian manufacturer, developed a flammable liquid-fuel firefighting foam called Aqueous filmforming foam (AFFF) that the Navy began using in 1967. In the 1970s, the manufacturer had concerns about the chemical being found in humans at toxic levels. In the 1980s, the Air Force began research into toxicity in rats. In the 1990s, the Army Corps of Engineers said the foam was hazardous, and a Navy study determined that AFFF was toxic. In 2011, the Department of Defense finally issued a human health and environmental risk alert. In 2018, the DOD sent a note to Congress about using an alternative foam. This year, the EPA released an action plan. The Navy will begin using a new AFFF formulate in 2020.
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The gears of government grind slowly ... If they knew in the 1970s that the chemical was toxic, what took so long? Pease Air Force Base is an example. Pease closed in 1991 and the water was first tested in 2014. Workers who had been at the base were dying at an accelerated rate, a cancer cluster. Community-wide testing in 2015 showed that everyone had elevated levels of PFAS. The result: The chemicals in the foam, called per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), got into the groundwater and wells. People were drinking it. Once introduced, those chemicals stay put. They’re called Forever Chemicals because they never go away. Studies indicate that they can cause cancer a decade later, increase cholesterol, interfere with pregnancy and more. If you served at any military installation since the 1960s, look online for “SSEHRI PFAS Contamination Site Tracker” and find a chart showing the locations of PFOA and PFAS sites. It currently has 210 sites listed. Search online for the Environmental Working Group PFAS map called PFAS Contamination in the U.S. To keep up with news on PFAS, bookmark https:// pfasproject.com. (c) 2019 King Features Synd., Inc. DISCLAIMER: Falcon Prince Inc. provides text, bar codes, and website addresses in Tidbits® for
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EXCITE FOR UNDER $1 MILLION IN 1999—BUT EXCITE TURNED THEM DOWN. THERE WAS A THIRD APPLE FOUNDER. RONALD WAYNE WHO SOLD HIS 10% STAKE FOR $800 IN 1976. IN THE MID-1960S, SLUMBER PARTY BARBIE CAME WITH A BOOK CALLED "HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT." ONE OF THE TIPS WAS "DON’T EAT." IN A 2008 SURVEY, 58% OF BRITISH TEENS THOUGHT SHERLOCK HOLMES WAS A REAL GUY, WHILE 20% THOUGHT WINSTON CHURCHILL WAS NOT. TSUTOMU YAMAGUCHI WAS IN HIROSHIMA FOR WORK WHEN THE FIRST A-BOMB HIT, MADE IT HOME TO NAGASAKI FOR THE SECOND, AND LIVED TO BE 93.
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SIGMUND FREUD How much do you know about Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis? This week, Tidbits places its focus on this renowned physician who was a pioneer in the study of human behavior. • Freud was born in what is now the Czech Republic, the first of eight children. In 1873, at age 17, he began his studies at the University of Vienna, intending to study law. A change of heart and nine years later, Freud secured a position at the Vienna General Hospital. • For the next three years, Freud worked in a variety of departments at Vienna General, becoming more and more interested in the psychiatric clinic. In addition to his medical duties, he became a lecturer in neuropathology at the University. • By 1886, he had resigned from the hospital and opened a private practice focusing on what he called “nervous disorders.” One of his common tools was hypnosis, and during the treatment of a certain patient, he made an important discovery. The woman’s symptoms of mental illness dramatically improved when she recovered memories of traumatic childhood events during hypnosis. • Believing that the childhood incidents had a significant effect on adult behavior, Freud began helping patients confront their past and work though the difficulties. • Freud created a prototype of the mind, labeling what he believed to be three levels, the conscious, the subconscious, and the unconscious. Comparing the mind to an iceberg, he defined the conscious as that small amount of the mind’s activity that we know about, the tip of the iceberg. The bulk of the mind lies below the surface, with the subconscious containing those memories that could be retrieved from memory if we try, and the unconscious being things we are unaware of and cannot be made aware of. • Freud discovered that some incidents were locked away in the unconscious because they were too frightening or painful. His method was to attempt to unlock and deal with those memories. • Freud also developed a model of the parts of the personality. He defined the “id” as that unconscious, impulsive, and irrational part that seeks pleasure and satisfaction of basic instincts. The “ego” attempts to satisfy the id’s demands in a safe and socially acceptable way, while the “superego” is the moral compass and conscience that encourages following the rules. Ignoring the superego’s voice results in guilt and anxiety. • Freud studied his patient’s dreams, believing that dreams were the “royal
road to the unconscious.” His conviction was that dreams were a clue to repressed memories, and people dream to cope with those unconscious struggles. • With the Nazi invasion of Austria, the Jewish Freud sought a way to escape. His close friend, Princess Marie Bonaparte, a greatgrandniece of the French Emperor Napoleon I, used her great wealth to enable the necessary papers for Freud to leave Vienna for London in June of 1938. She made several attempts to accomplish the same for his four elderly sisters, but failed. All four women died in Nazi concentration camps. • Having been a lifelong smoker, Freud developed cancer of the mouth and jaw. After battling growths in his mouth for 16 years, Freud died just 15 months after settling in London. • Words and expressions that entered our language as a result of Freud’s work include denial, repression, cathartic, neurotic, libido, and the ever-popular Freudian slip.
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Do mosquitos have feelings? Should I feel bad for them? They are cold-blooded and prefer temperatures over 80 degrees. At temperatures less than 50 degrees, they shut down for the winter. The adult females of some species find holes where they wait for warmer weather, while others lay their eggs in freezing water and die. Oh, she's the one that bites
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SENIOR NEWS LINE By Matilda Charles
Sodium, Food Labels and Dehydration It’s time to read food labels again. If you’ve grabbed the same cans off the grocery shelves over the years, there’s every possibility the ingredients have changed. You won’t know what you’re actually getting
unless you look. I’m a fine example of this. I’m a big label reader when I’m picking out food. Once something passes my scrutiny (low sodium is my big one), I feel confident in continuing to buy that food. Today I decided to compare two flavors of the same brand of baked beans.
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Imagine my horror when I discovered that the kind I usually eat has a whopping 1,080 grams of sodium per serving. That’s a significant part of the sodium limit for a whole day. There’s no way I would have chosen that one so long ago. So it’s changed over the years, and I never even knew. I’m back to scrutinizing every label now, and you should too, at least until you’re confident you know what you’re getting. Hot weather can bring on high levels of sodium in the blood as well as what we eat. It’s called hypernatremia, and it occurs when we don’t have enough water in our blood to balance the electrolytes. Sodium is one of those. When we drink too little, are taking certain medications, urinate too often or are sweating excessively, everything can get out of balance. Hypernatremia can be extremely serious, even deadly. Symptoms include extreme thirst, fatigue and confusion. It can sneak up on you. Run this by your doctor and ask for advice on the amount of water you should drink in a day. This will vary based on your medications. Meanwhile, check your food labels and be sure you know what you’re getting. And remember: “Low Sodium” on the label isn’t necessarily true. Read the fine print. (c) 2019 King Features Synd., Inc.
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Thought for the Day: “You wouldn’t worry so much about what others think of you if you realized how seldom they do.” -- Eleanor Roosevelt
● In the Scandinavian country of Norway you can find 1,800 lakes that contain no fish whatsoever.
● The outermost layer of the skin on your face is made up almost entirely of dead skin cells.
● You might be surprised to learn that the highest reward ever offered for the capture of Henry McCarty -- the infamous outlaw better known as Billy the Kid -- was $500.
● If you’re like the average bearded man, your facial hair grows at a rate of about 6 inches every year.
● Tony Curtis, who co-starred with Marilyn Monroe in the famous film “Some Like It Hot,” once said that kissing Ms. Monroe was “like kissing Hitler.” Makes you wonder how he knew what kissing Hitler was like.
● For reasons that are still not clear, in the 15th century in Florence, Italy, women were banned from wearing buttons.
● During the 19th century, first lady Lucy Hayes, wife of Rutherford B. Hayes, the 19th president of the United States, was widely known as “Lemonade Lucy.” It seems she was an ardent supporter of temperance and therefore didn’t allow alcohol to be served in the White House during her husband’s four years in office. GOLD & SILVER EXCHANGE
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● Those who study such things say that people during the Stone Age used shells and even shark teeth to shave.
● You are almost certainly aware of the fact that the Impressionist painter Claude Monet is famous for his paintings of water lilies. However, you may not be aware of the fact that he painted more than 300 pictures of water lilies. The same water lilies, in fact -- and they can be seen today in a pond behind his house.
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● You might be surprised to learn that it requires a whopping 30 tons of ore from a gold mine to produce a single gold ring.
● It was Academy Awardnominated actress and comedian Lily Tomlin who made the following observation: “Ninetyeight percent of the adults in this country are decent, hardworking, honest Americans. It’s the other lousy 2 percent that get all the publicity. But then -- we elected them.”
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Come along with Tidbits as we gawk at dino-saurs! DINOSAUR FACTS • When were the first dinosaur bones found? In China perhaps 3,000 years ago, a bone bed was discovered and the bones were believed to belong to ancient dragons, though we now know they were dinosaur bones. • In England, the thigh bone of a dinosaur was discovered in 1676, and was thought to have belonged a human giant or large elephant. • The first dinosaur bone found in the U.S. was discovered in the bank of a stream in New Jersey in 1787 and was sent to anatomist Caspar Wistar (for whom the climbing vine wisteria is named) but he had no idea what it was. We now know it belonged to a Hadrosaur. • In England in 1822 a woman found fossilized teeth belonging to what we now call Iguanodon. • In 1824, the first dinosaur to ever be scientifically described and named was the Megalosaurus (meaning “great lizard”), from bones found in an English limestone quarry. • It wasn’t until 1841 that the word “dinosaur” was coined by English anatomist Richard Owen. It comes from the Greek words meaning “terrible lizard.” • What constitutes a dinosaur? Prehistoric reatures that flew (pterosaurs, or flying reptiles), and others that swam in water (plesiosaurs, or marine reptiles) do not qualify taxonomically as dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are exclusively land-based animals. There are two classes of dinosaurs, divided by the shape of their hip bones: lizard hips (saurischian) and bird hips (ornithischian). Ironically, it was the lizard-hipped dinosaurs that evolved to become present-day birds.
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