Tidbits Issue 577
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Cookie Facts
Who doesn’t like cookies of one sort or another? This week, Tidbits is taking a look at this treat’s origin, along with how some of our favorites got their start. • The word “cookie” has its origins in the Dutch language from their word keokje, meaning “little cake.” It’s thought that cookies originated as a method of testing cakes. Bakers used a small amount of cake batter to test the oven temperature. Persia was probably the first country to make cookies, as it was one of the first to cultivate sugar. • Home-baked cookies come in several styles. Pressed cookies are formed by pressing dough through a press to form fancy shapes. Drop cookies are made by merely dropping spoonfuls of dough onto a baking sheet while the dough for bar cookies is spread in a shallow pan and cut into bars after baking. Icebox cookies are created by shaping dough into a log, which is refrigerated, then sliced and baked. Cookies cutters are used to make rolled cookies into decorative shapes. American tinsmiths began fashioning cookie cutters by hand in the 1700s. • The first American cookbook, American Cookery, published in 1796 includes two recipes simply called “Cookies” and “Christmas Cookey.” • Springerle are traditional Christmas cookies from Bavaria and Austria, and are small anise-flavored cookies with an image stamped on top, imprinted from a carved rolling pin or mold. Centuries ago, these were used to tell the Christmas story to the illiterate by stamping Bible scenes from the Nativity into the dough. A 14th-century hand-carved wooden springerle mold featuring images of the Easter lamb, the world’s oldest known mold, was discovered in Switzerland. • No matter what you call it, it’s still a cookie. In England, they’re biscuits, in Spain, galletas, while Germans say keks. The Italians use several different names, most commonly amaretti and biscotti. The word biscotti translates “twice cooked,” as the dough is formed into a log and baked, then sliced and baked again. • The tradition of Girl Scout cookies dates back to 1917, just five years after Juliette Low founded the organization. A scout troop in Muskogee, Oklahoma, baked cookies and held a sale in their high school cafeteria as part of a service project. Over the next two decades, Girl Scouts across America held sales of cookies baked by their own troops, packaging them in wax paper, and selling door-to-door for 35 cents a dozen. In 1934,
Tidbits Issue 577
by Kathy Wolfe
Philadelphia Girl Scouts became the first to sell commercially-baked cookies, and within two years, the national organization licensed the idea. During World War II, when there was a shortage of sugar, flour, and butter, the Girl Scouts sold calendars as their service project. By 1948, 29 commercial bakers were licensed to bake the three varieties – peanut butter sandwich, shortbread, and chocolate mints. Today, cookie sales during the short eight-week time period when the Scouts hold their sale are close to $790 million. • One common belief for the origin of fortune cookies dates back to the 12th century, when Chinese soldiers defended their territory from Mongolian invaders. Legend has it that the Mongolians didn’t particularly care for Chinese lotus nut paste cakes, so Chinese soldiers hid messages containing details of their uprising written on rice paper inside the cakes to notify the troops. A more recent explanation cites a Cantonese immigrant working as a baker in Los Angeles putting slips of paper inside his cookies with words of encouragement and good “fortune” and handing them out to the poor and homeless street people. In 1960, a new machine was invented that folded fortune cookies in half much faster. • After his service with the Air Force, Wally Amos went to work as a talent agent with the William Morris Agency. His trick to persuade celebrities to meet with him and work out a deal was to send home-baked chocolate chip cookies home with them. It became apparent that he was better at cookies than as an agent, and in 1975, Wally “Famous” Amos opened his first store in Los Angeles, selling $300,000 his first year, jumping to over $1 million the following year. • The world’s favorite cookie is the Oreo, now sold in more than 100 countries around the globe. The very first Oreo rolled out of a Manhattan bakery in March, 1912, and was sold shortly thereafter in Hoboken, New Jersey. The first Oreos were packaged in bulk tins and sold by weight, about 30 cents a lb. back then. Today, they’re baked at 21 different bakeries and over 20.5 million of these favorites are eaten worldwide every single day. Just one batch of Oreos requires 18 million lbs. (8,165,000 kg) of cocoa. • Another favorite is the Toll House cookie, which is the original name of chocolate chip cookies. In 1937, Ruth Wakefield was the proprietor of the Toll House Restau-
rant in Whitman, Massachusetts. The restaurant was housed in a former 1709 toll house, a station where stage coach passengers ate while the horses were exchanged, and a toll was paid for using the highway. Ruth regularly served a popular cookie, the “Butter Drop Do,” which called for baker’s chocolate. Having run out of the chocolate one day, she chopped up a bar of Nestles semisweet chocolate and stirred the pieces into the dough, expecting them to melt and spread throughout the cookie. The chunks did not melt, and Ruth had a new creation, which she dubbed Toll House Crunch Cookies, which became an immediate hit. The recipe was published in a Boston newspaper soon after. • It’s believed that chocolate brownies also came about by an ingredient mishap, that is, a cook neglecting to add baking powder to chocolate cake batter. Without the leavening action of the baking powder to increase the volume of the cake, a denser cookie-like cake was produced. Others say it was intentionally created by a chef at Chicago’s Palmer House Hotel during the 1893 Columbian Exhibition. The 1897 Sears and Roebuck catalog published what is thought to be the first known recipe for brownies, and it became so popular, the company offered a brownie mix in their catalog. • Philadelphia inventor James Henry Mitchell is credited with inventing a double dough sheeting machine and funnel device that made the Fig Newton possible. He patented his invention in 1892, and production began on the little jam-filled confections which were named after the community of Newton, Massachusetts, which was near the factory where the first Newtons were created.
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Tidbits Issue 577
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Tidbits Issue 577
‘01 Chevrolet Camaro T-Tops, 102K• Price: $9,995
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‘03 Toyota RAV4 AWD 4-Cyl, 2.0L, 126K • Price: $9,995
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‘96 Dodge Ram 1500 SLT 2WD, 6.5’ Bed • Price: $5,595
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‘08 Dodge Grand Caravan SE Stow N Go, CD, • Price: $11,995
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