Constructing Environments ENVS10003 Semester 2 2014 A01-Logbook Week 6: Spanning and Enclosing Space Studio Report This week is the A02 Interim Presentation. Group 1: It is 7 Storeys medium buildings. Some are one- bedroom and others are twobedroom apartments. The beginning budget is $519,000. Concrete is mainly used in this building. Concrete slabs are used to allow floor weight and less stress will applied to it since they are more stable and strong under tension. In Situ Concrete is also used in this building but they also need the water proofing. One thing needs to notice is that some apartments in first floor lack of natural and sky light but they used the lights from the corridors. For the parking area, the sets of car stackers are shown below. This design allows more spaces to be used and it also has the economic benefits when considering the building prices.
For the Drainage system, the pipes are put in a very early stage. They were all in vertical lines in order to reduce the amount of piping and they were painted into different colours to represent different functions of the pipes. The pipes are all connected with the mainstream to avoid running out of water.
Additionally, gas and fire system in this building, cooper is the most common use material for gas since it is cheaper than other materials. Sprinklers, hydrants and other facilities are all included in the fire system of this building. Stud framing and steel reinforcement are used as well. Aluminium is the material that used for stud framing. Combine both the timber studs and the precast panel to take the load and support. Timber is put under the slabs for reinforcement and support.
The precast concrete is mainly using for every framing work except for the slabs. Non-Load bearing walls are also used in this building.
Learning Loop
Trusses: are mainly used in roofs and bridges. They can span very long and carry really heavy loads. The reasons why they can carry heavy loads are light weighted and can control deflection in order to support. The drawings that show the different types of trusses are shown below.
Roof Strategies & Systems: Roofs are the main unit for shelters and can help to catch the rain and drain water. Flat Roofs are the 1-3 degree. When there is a flat ponding occurs, the load leakage will increase. Pitched Roofs are larger than 3 degree and if with tiles, It will equal or higher than 15 degree. For the concrete roofs, they are the flat plates of reinforced concrete. The top surface of the roofs is sloped towards drainage points and the whole roof surface is finished with applying the waterproofing membrane to it. Trussed roofs are constructed from a series of open web type timber or steel elements.
Metals: Ferrous or Non-Ferrous. Have to separate by insulators like a rubber gasket to avoid water related damages such as the risk of corrosion and the oxidation of metal. Ferrous Metals: with significant magnetic properties and easily corrodes with the strong reactive chemical transformations. They are really strong on compression and with compression strength. Some types of ferrous metals are Wrought iron, Cast iron and steel. The Wrought iron is the iron that heated and hammered into shapes and commonly used in windows, doors and decorations. The Cast iron is the melted iron the molten metal is poured into moulds. It is used for the reinforcement. Steel is the alloy of iron and carbon. It is very strong and resistant and can be shaped into wires, panels, beams and columns. Non-Ferrous Metals: The types pf Non-Ferrous metals are aluminium, copper, zinc, bronze and brass. Aluminium has strong structural capabilities and can be used in window framing. The rolled aluminium is used for air conditioning and heating. Copper is the roofing materials or for the domestic (both hot and cold) water pipework and electrical cablings. Zinc helps to protect the iron from corrosion. Bronze can be used as bearings, clips and electrical connectors. Brass is used for locks, gears, screws, valves and fittings.
Glossary: Plates: Plate structures are required to be as square as possible in order to ensure that they can behave like a 2-way structure to spread the load.
Grids: are the principal points and lines of support for a structural system. A series of plates can make a grid.
Rafter: one of a series of sloping parallel beams used to support a roof covering.
Alloy: a homogenous mixture of two or more metals developed. Low cost and some properties are the reasons for using alloy.
Eave: is the edge of a roof and severs both practical and decorative functions with projecting beyond the side of the building.
Soffit: the underside of a part or a member of a structure like beams and stairways.
References: Alloy Atomic Arrangements Showing the Different Types, Index of 1/ Image/15/ Alloy, 2012. Retrieved from http://files2.creonto.com/1/images/15/Alloy/ Alloy_atomic_arrangements_showing_the_different_types.jpg ANSI Pipe Marking Standards, Grainger Industrial Supply, 2014. Retrieved from http:// www.grainger.com/medias/sys_master/h5f/hcd/8918074884126.jpg Chapter XIII. Floor Drains, Yard Drains, Cellar Drainers, Rain Leaders, Etc. 2014. Retrieved from http://chestofbooks.com/home-improvement/construction/plumbing/Standard-Practical/ images/Fig-114-Floor-Drain.jpg Ching, F, D.K. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Laysaght Bondek, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.lysaght.com/images/SourceImage/ bondek-main-def.jpg Cold-Formed Steel Framing Design using AISIWINTM Software, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.pdhcenter.com/courses/s140/studframing.gif Roof Eave, Dog Breeds Gallery, 2014. Retrieved from http://allinonehomeinspection.com/ wp-content/uploads/2009/12/eave-protection.JPG
Roof Rafters, Carpentry-Pro-Farmer, 2014. Retrieved from http://cdn-5.carpentry-proframer.com/images/location-of-roof-rafters.gif University of Melbourne (2014). W06_m1 Introduction to Metals, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RttS_wgXGbI&feature=youtu.be University of Melbourne (2014). W06_m2 Ferrous Metals, 2014. Retrieved from http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQy3IyJy-is&feature=youtu.be University of Melbourne (2014). W06_m3 Non-Ferrous Metals, 2014. Retrieved from http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDtxb7Pgcrw&feature=youtu.be University of Melbourne (2014). W06_c1 Roof Systems, 2014. Retrieved from http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5ms8vmhs50&feature=youtu.be What Is Soffit and Why Is It Important to a House?, Specialty Design, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.google.com.au/url? sa=i&source=images&cd=&docid=3Iw8oJ64Bv55aM&tbnid=rGZNO0EDvf4coM&ved=0C AUQjBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.specialtydesign.com%2Fblog%2Fwp-content %2Fuploads%2F2013%2F08%2FSoffit-diagrame1377616387114.jpg&ei=nQwwVO3eOZDe8AXHqoKQCg&psig=AFQjCNEM4E61YMIv SN6DnbpDG6zqUxsszg&ust=1412521502048902