Prefixes PrEtu
Meaning
Example
dF !ffi-
before, in front of against two, twice
antechamber, anteroom antif reeze, antislavery bicycle, biweekly coexist, copilot counterattack, counterbalance decode, dethrone disapprove, disbelief endanger, enlighten exhale foreground, forefront hyperactive, hypersensitive hypodermic impossible, inactive, irresponsible intercontinental midway, midterm misjudge, mispronounce, mistreat monotone, monorail nonf iction, nonref undable outdo, outlive, outside overact, overeat postmodern, postwar predawn, preschool review, recall, return subway, substandard telephone, teleport transport, transatlantic, transform
lh.'
together against opposite of, remove from, reduce not, opposite of put on, cover or surround, make out of, former in front of more than usual under not together, between middle wrong, bad one, single not greater, better, outer place beyond, too much after before, in front of again, back under, part of a whole far away move from one place to another, across, change three not, opposite of, lack of
rtr]uriter3E-
-ie
['llEr'-
lnrd'[TtsTJilEf'l@
rcl-JL]I. Itite"rJt.Ltb.-
: 'HF |E.â‚Ź-
m!trr:
untrue, unpack, uneasy
Suffixes Sldlfrfitx
Meaning
-,mre" -ible
able to, capable of belonging to, process of action quality, act, or condition to be in or perform a certain act one who does something result or act of area ruled by, condition or state of being superlative adjective
."d
*4ru8, -enoe, -ancy, -ency -fimf
-'&i -ei. -d,ts
"ffir-
.ff
-est
-illJl
fullof
-tu
-r'llsE
to form into or become state of being, membership in a group like, pertaining to study of, act or practice of act, process of nationality, having likeness to having the quality of, tending to
.iESâ‚Ź
without
"rm
smallness in size, worn on the body similar to in a certain manner, like, occurring every result of, action or process, state or condition manner or state of being one who does something, state or act state of, office, or skill action, process, or condition state, quality, or amount toward, in the direction of way, direction, in respect to quality or state of, resembling, place or business,
.lrtncco
qI *{mS
+W.rLb
*iii,e
*lt *rrrcri "i]Iffi ."cr
'? tL
4ur -'Iil,
*il008f'r-C
*lMlt5,E
-$
-sion
-ty
:J
@The Education Center,
Example erasable, reproducible musical, normal emergency, assistance attendant, servant beggar, waiter, driver ref rigerate, ventilate kingdom, freedom sweeter, happiest joyful, plentiful beautify, stupefy childhood, neighborhood classic, angelic athletics, gymnastics vacation, permission Scottish, childish permissive, instructive homeless, clueless leaflet, anklet lifelike, childlike slowly, hurriedly, queenly, yearly accomplishment, development, amazement
small
happiness, closeness actor, error friendship, internship, horsemanship selection, confusion safety, quality homewird, westward lengthwise, clockwise stormy, jealousy, bakery, bunny
lnc.. Learning Libranf . Reading, Spelling, & Grammar.fEC3734
17
Vocabulary: Prefixes and suffixes
Name
OBeration Ex-PiIes As a special agent for this project, you will use words that are unique to your job. Read each definition below. Then use the word parts on the file folders to make a new word that matches each definition. To do this, match a prefix or suffix on the left with a word or base word on the right. Be sure to spell each word correctly. Use a dictionary for help.
Example: inter (among, between) + planetary @f the planets) = interplanefaqy (something that is among or between the planets)
Prefixr/Suffix
Word/Base Word,
.
. believable ... capable of being believed . nym trom onyma, meaning "name" . astronomy... the study of the stars, planets, and space . scope an instrument for viewing . terrestrial..... of the earth . planetary.....of the planets o gofl figure having angles o pod of or relating to the foot . pilot a person who steers a shiP . UFO an unidentified flying object . form the shape of something
-er bicointero extrao pâ‚Źfltoo pseUdo-
. . .
. .
. o
_ology
micrountrans-
1. a five-sided building
in Arlington, Virginia,
that is the headquarters of the U.S. Department of
Defense
g-e. :-
2. a false name 3. someone who flies with and assists the main pilot 4. the study of unidentified flying objects
5. something so strange, amazing, or surprising that you find it difficult to accept as true
6. a person who studies the stars, planets, and space 7. a tool used to magnify small things so they may be observed and studied 8. something from outer space 9. a two-footed creature 10. to change the outward form or appearance Try This: Choose two prefixes and two suffixes from the list. Use a dictionary to find a word thit includes each one. Write each word and its meaning on another sheet of paper. @The Education Center,
lnc.. Learning Libranf . Reading, Spelling, & Grammar TEC3734
Name
Vocabulary: Prefixes and suffixes
I.icensed to Repalr
l
Marcus the mechanic is not only a whiz at automobile repairs, but he also works wonders with words! Marcus knows that adding a prefix or a suffix to a word may change its meaning. But he's discovered the words on the license plates below don't make sense. Help Marcus repair each word by changing the underlined prefix or suffix. Then write your repaired answer below each word on the license plate. Use the Vocabulary Van below to help you if needed.
teachary
enjoyship
unaoree
antiact
imlike
subman
childable
loveful
deplay
coport
cheeragC
haPPyless
joyable
dedo
workhood
readment
thankish
noncouraoe
kindist
exprove
ircreate
hopefo
interpress
moveness
D
Prefixes dis- (apart from, not) de- (away, down)
-er (one who, that which) counter- (against) im- (not) -able (tending to, able to) ex- (from) tele- (far away) -ment (action or process) re- (again) un- (not) -hood (state or rank) trans- (across) a- (away from) -ish (having the nature of) pro- (before, in front) -less (without) auio- (self) fore- (in front) mis- (wrong) -ly (in the manner of) super- (over) -ful (fullof) over- (beyond, too much) -ness (state of being) -ous (having the quality of) Vocabulary -est (most)
Try This: On another sheet of paper, write the definition for each word above based on the Vocabulary Van's prefix and suffix definitions. @The Education Center,
lnc.. Learning Librarya . Reading, Spelling, & Grammar.TEC3734
19
Name
Vocabulary: Homophones
In Need of "Re-pear" Marcus's employees have used homophones incorrectly on each of the repair tickets below. Marcus is ready to leave for vacation, but before he goes he must correct his employees' errors. Help Marcus fix the mistakes so he can leave quickly and catch his plain-oops, I mean plane! Look at each underlined word. Cross it out and then write the correct word above it.
ustomer: Cam Arrow Vehicle: 1 969 convertible Repairs:
. . .
Customer: Cherry Key Vehicle: 1985 coupe Repairs:
break peddle sticks inspection is overdo mane problem: dead battery
Customer: Mitch U. Beeshi Vehicle:2002 minivan Repairs:
touch up blew trim paint rite side window cracked
cannot raze hood
Customer: Sue Barroo Vehicle: 1990 sedan Repairs:
. .
write tern signal doesn't blink
.
miner oil leek
needs knew pCaI of tires (road over a bag of nails)
. . .
cannot shift car into forth gear seams to be leaking oil back window pain is shattered
Customer: Cora Vette Vehicle: 1988 sports car Repairs: . toe car from Front St. to parking lot . using two much gas (check fuel
Vehicle: 1993 pickup truck Repairs:
. . .
. . .
repaint truck read
horn knot working steering we'll hard too turn
.
filter)
whole in backseat
Try This: On another sheet ol paper, write a friendly note to Marcus from one ol his employees telling how business has been since he left. lnclude at least five homophone errors in your note. Then have a partner correct it. 20
@The Education Center,
lnc.. Learning Libra4P. Reading, Spelling, & Grammar.TEC3734
Name
Vocabulary: ldioms
(A) / raininO heavily
m
'+
/ o'"nsry ,+
ff
in serious
1
Clearty Speaking I
I
trouble \
Marcus has returned from his vacation to find his employees speaking in strange phrases. They're using idiomsl An idiom is a phrase whose words taken together have little or nothing to do with the meaning of the words taken one by one. Each windshield is labeled with a definition of one of the underlined idioms listed in the sentences below. Help Marcus decide what his employees are saying by matching each idiom with a definition. Write the letter of the corresponding windshield on the appropriate blank beside each sentence.
"That lady nearly bit my head off when I told her what the repair would cost." 2. "l know! I wanted to ask her to calm down, but I bit my tongue." 3. "Madeline, will you lend me a hand with this lire?" 1.
keOt silent
/
+
A
4. "Craig, have you seen Jimmy? He'll be in hot water if he's
I
disgraces,
I
/
Runisnes
I
.+
6.
,,,----T-> ( exaggerate,n" importance
I I
+ +
byany
r"unr possibte
ffi
.or"on"
+
I
9. I
I
10. "Okay, let's get back to work. We have a hard row to hoe
today." 11. "All right, Madeline, don't get your dander up!"
do
12. "We can work together and get these cars finished before I
4 /
7. I
8.
hard job to
I
\
something
A
J /
of
5.
late again!" "Well, it's raining cats and dogs out there. Maybe he's driving slowly." "Still, I'd be shaking in my boots if I were late three days in a row." "Aw, don't make a mountain out of a molehill! He'll be here." "Hi, everyone! Sorry I'm late. That storm was nothing to sneeze at!" "We knew you'd get here by hook or by crook."
in
anger
Marcus puts us in the doghouse."
\
@The Education Center,
lnc.. Learning Libra4P. Reading, Spelling, & Grammar.TEC3734
Vocabulary: Context clues
It's been the home of a hospital for tuberculosis patients. It's been the setting for weddings, picnics, plays, and concerts. ln the mid-1800s, a visitor described Kentucky's Mammoth Cave as "nothing but darkness, silence, immensity."
fi
't{rLD;
Parts of this underground labyrinth were discovered by lndians about 4,000 years ago. Human mummies, early tools, and bits of clothing have been found in the cave. All were well preserved. Why? The temperature inside the cave is always 54' Fahrenheit. The humidity is low and there is no natural light. By the time of the War of 1812, the propefiy had changed hands several times. ln 181 2, a rich supply
of saltpeter was found near the cave's opening. Saltpeter was used in making matches, gunpowder, and explosives. Business was soon thriving for the cave owners. During the war, they supplied saltpeter for 200 tons of gunpowder. Black slaves worked the mines in Mammoth Cave during the war. Some ventured into the eerie channels beyond the mines. Stephen Bishop, a 17-year-old slave, became the cave's first sight-seeing guide. Bishop was famous for his daring explorations and knowledge of the cave's inner recesses. He and two slave guides who succeeded him discovered many of the cave's secrets. They found underground lakes and rivers. Eyeless fish swim in the rivers. Blind shrimp and crayfish grope their way to food. Blind beetles and crickets climb the cave walls. These creatures' sensitive bodies make up for their lack of the sense of sight.
The still-changing passages in Mammoth Cave are now on five different levels. They extend as deep as several hundred feet. Mammoth Cave may be as much as 500 miles long! Since 1941 , Mammoth Cave has been part of the National Park Service. A variety of breathtaking tours are available to visitors-from a one-and-a-half-hour tour for the disabled to the six-hour Wild Cave tour for the hardy.
Directions: Match each boldfaced word in the article with its definition below. Three definitions will not be used. Mark an X in the blank of a definition that is not used.
1. bold
11. to stretch forth
2.
kept from decomposing
12. vigorous
3.
wealthy
13.
hidden or secret places
4. to feel about blindly for something
14. came next after another
5. prospering
15.
a disease that affects the lungs
6. potassium nitrate
16.
greatness in size
7. passageways
17.
maze
8. very productive
18.
periods of rest from schoolwork
9. proceeded in the face of danger
19.
had a favorable or desired outcome
20. mysterious and strange
10. owners
@The Education Center,
lnc.. Learning Libra4P. Reading, Spelling, & Grammar.TEC3734
,es
Name
Cue lnto Context Clues
I
\ : \ I
Vocabulary: Context clues
To figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word, look at other words or phrases around that word. They
can be in the same sentence or a surrounding sentence. Use the examples below to help you.
ffi
Context clues describe: A phrase or sentence near the word gives more information. "Joe's favorite indoor game is billiards.lt is played on a rectangular table with openings called pockets."
clues restate: A short definition set off by commas follows the unfamiliar word. @ Context "fhe cue, a long tapered stick, is used to hit plastic balls into the pockets of the table."
Directions: Read each sentence below. Circle the context clues that help you determine the meaning of each boldfaced word. Then identify the type of clue used in each sentence by coloring the numbered cue ball at the beginning of each sentence. Use the code below: . Describes = . Restates = yellow
blue
@The Education Center,
lnc.. Learning Library@. Reading, Spelling, & Grammar.TEC3734
23
Vocabulary: AcronYms
Name
@ Zone lmprovement
Acquired lmmune Deficiency Syndrome
Pran
United Nations
ffi
Arresting Acronyms Oroanization .lF. ot Fetroteum
I'
E:nfll: &
Housing
Et
and Urban lsfisl
Health Opportunity for People Everywhere
Sealed with
akiss
Development
@
1s
Follow the letter of the acronym law!An acronym is a shortened form of a phrase. lt is made with the first letters of words in the phrase and is almost always written with capital letters. An acronym is also pronounced as a whole word, not just as letters that make up the word. Match each acronym with the appropriate phrases. Write your answer in the blank in each square.
8li[:lT" {,i Education Fund
Group Against
Bffill"n'"@
Maximum lmage
NhsN
SONAR
ztP
MADD
CORE
opâ‚Źc
IMAX
{\91h SALT
Students
N4IO
Sound navigation ranging
Absent wtthout leave
"+
suroical hosoital
GASP
LASER
Mothers Against Drunk Driving
Mobile army
rta<SO
Against Drunk Driving
Radio detecting and ranging
R4D4R Self-contained underwater
sh\l\
:;?1[if,G National (
I
Organization for Women I
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
SCUBA
ACTION
Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Special weapons action team
PIN
NOW l
PETA
8W4K oooYooo
,VopF
IlUD
0-10
uoooun
11-20 21-26 27-30
4l,I/O(
Volunteers in Service to America
World Health Organization
@The Education Center,
First Letter Patrol Sergeant Starter Captain Capital Chiel of CaPitalization Congress of Racial Equality
rsil
National
{li\
Aeronautics and Space
J.\\
tff
Administration
Personal identilication number
S4DD
Scoring Chart
People United to Save Humanity
PUSH
Random access memory
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
SV!AiT
American Council to lmprove Our Neighborhoods
lnc., Learning Libra49. Reading, Spelling, & GrammarcTEC3734
People for
the Ethical
\
6
Treatment of Animals
Vocabulary: Wordplay
ZWords What's one of "2" best ways to add some fun to "2" day? With a "cra-Z" puzzlel Simply add the letter zto each word listed below. Then rearrange the letters to spell a new word. Write your answers on the blanks provided. Use a dictionary if you need help.
Example:set+ Z=zest (Hint: The z may be at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the word.) 1.
mOO + /=
11.
nay
+
--
2.
faOe + /=
12.
their
+
/=
4.
lay + /= bale + /=
5.
doe +
Z=
15.
6.
eon
+
z--
16.
7.
bear
+
7-
17.
3.
13. rage
ripe
+ /= + /=
19.
10. coy
+ Z=
20.
8. ale 9.
+ piper + hay + same + Ofe + heal + gin +
14. done
18.
@The Education Center,
z--
z/= /= /= /= /= z-
lnc.. Learning Librarya. Reading, Spetting, & Grammar.TEC3T}4