Portfolio Toon Stallaart, MSc. Architecture 2011
Portfolio Toon Stallaart, MSc. Architecture 2011
Toon Stallaart, MSc. Architecture | toonstallaart@gmail.com | +31 6 47674700
PART 1: STUDENT WORK Selection of Student Projects - TU Delft, MSc. Architecture (September 2007 - January 2011) - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Exchange program Architecture (Fall 2008) - Hogeschool Rotterdam, Bachelor in Building Engineering, with honors (September 2003 - July 2007)
TU DELFT
IN_FORMAL SPACES Towards Urbanity in the Peripheries of Rio de Janeiro: a Piecemeal Intervention Graduation Project Explorelab, TU Delft Madureira, Rio de Janeiro Mentors: Sang Lee (A), Guus Westgeest (BT), Roberto Rocco (U)
library - with view over the new park
bus station - shaded
? busses - inbound Madureira
envisioned: parque madureira
busses - outbound Centre and north zone
IN_FORMAL SPACES Towards Urbanity in the Peripheries of Rio de Janeiro: a Piecemeal Intervention
The network of high voltage transmission lines in Rio de Janeiro
1_Rail roads and metro
2_Main roads
3_Libraries
4_Shopping malls
Rio de Janeiro’s urbanization developed in two directions. The prosperous neighborhoods along the beaches and in the center followed the rails of the tram lines, while the peripheral zones of the working classes to the north emerged along the railroads. Public facilities, such as libraries and parks, were continuously planned in the city center. The public voids left in the peripheries were filled up by private institutions such as shopping malls. Green space is absent in the vast outskirts.
Current situation: Space under the transmission lines is unused and inaccessible.
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1_park
A space that has remained open is the network of transmission lines. It reaches many residents in the dense peripheries in the north zone, but the space is currently inaccessible. I propose to transform this space into a linear park, equipped with public facilities. Public interventions, such as plazas and sports fields are planned on the strip. Vacant spaces along the strip are used for buildings, in particular with public functions.
2_agriculture
3_sports
4_bicycle network
student work - page 5
In the first decades of the twentieth century, Rio de Janeiro transformed from a modernizing city of mayor Pereira Passos and planner Alfred Agache, into a modernist city of Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer. The city center was formally planned, while the peripheries remained untouched by city planning. These peripheral zones along the railroads turned into the residential neighborhoods of the working classes. Informality became the normal mode of urbanization outside the city center. A divide in urbanization emerged between center and
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periphery: ‘The Modernist dichotomies of rural/urban, traditional/modern, industrial/ agricultural, religious/secular, and local/global, which long ago began to loose their footing, have been pushed into even more extreme contortions by informality.’ (Fabricius 2008). Qualitative improvements were implemented to urbanize the city center (constructing roads, sewage, and public buildings), while the parts of the city beyond Tijuca mountains, that experienced the strongest growth, urbanized without planning.
The consequence of this urbanization-paradox is that public facilities are barely present in the peripheries of Rio de Janeiro. Private spaces, such as shopping malls, fulfill the function of public spaces. A strategic approach is needed to re-establish the connection between citizens who paved their own streets, and the state that was not present to do that for them. The urban divide, represented by Tijuca mountains, needs to be bridged. Of particular interest was a plan of Le Corbusier. Already in 1929 Le Corbusier proposed to
connect the separate neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro, by creating a kilometers long building, stretching from the neighborhoods in the city center to the surrounding mountains. I departed from Le Corbusier’s scheme, and propose a building with public facilities as part of a strategic concept to increase the level of public facilities in Rio de Janeiro’s peripheries.
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In the commercial heart of Madureira, an area dominated by commercial activities, the building will be a haven of public space that surpasses the interest of the neighborhood. Through connectivity, function and size, the building will be significant for the entire periphery of the city. Adjacent to the site is Shopping Madureira, one of the largest shopping malls of the city, surrounded by many more shops and smaller shopping malls. On the other side is an open space, currently occupied by overhead transmission lines. This space is envisioned to be transformed into a public park and small agriculture. The building site is a rectangular space, which is now partially unbuilt, partially occupied by a local market and partially used as a parking space.
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I propose to construct an elevated slab, that contains a public library and an auditorium. The slab will have an open facade on the side of the park the park. Through the strong visual relation between the public park and the public program of the building, these elements will enforce each other in function, as well as in sense of safety. The building stands in strong contrast with the closed facade of the shopping mall. The space underneath the slab, that is shaded and protects from the hot summer sun and the intense rains, is used as a bus station, connecting local and regional bus lines. A mezzanine connects the platforms with the street level. The slab cantilevers over a square that can be used for a local market, relating to the agricultural program in the park.
20m
Scale 1:1500
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student work - page 7
The cantilevering part of the building opens up to Rio de Janeiro’s vast and continuously growing peripheries. To the south the slab sits on a hill. The natural slope of the hill is used for an auditorium for local performances in dance, theatre and film. Prominently present in the building is the construction. It consists of a space frame of ellipsoidal tubes, supporting the beam. The beam is enforced with trusses to create spans of up to 40 meters. The space frame touches the ground floor at five points, along one curved axis. These points are the locations of staircases, elevators and HVAC installations. The ideas of the building are rooted
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
in Brazil’s strong architectural culture of modernism. The idea derives from Le Corbusier’s proposal for a long stretched building, connecting different neighborhoods. I have tried to use the architectural language of Rio de Janeiro, the dialectics between rigid modernism and playful extravagance, in search of a representation for the urban qualities that the vast peripheries of the city are currently lacking. The representation of these newly introduced urban qualities give shape to an established citizenship, a citizenship that lacked an aesthetic representation, a citizenship that stands for the urbanization of Brazil.
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Ground floor
Mezzanine floor
Ceiling plan
Top floor
Section Scale 1:1000
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
student work - page 9
TU DELFT
THESIS: IN_FORMAL SPACES Perspectives on Urban Development in Rio de Janeiro Graduation Thesis Explorelab, TU Delft Mentor: Roberto Rocco
IN_FORMAL SPACES: research IN_FORMAL SPACES: Perspectives on Urban Development in Rio de Janeiro M.Sc Thesis Report Thesis summary:
the strongest growth of the city in terms of residents - takes place in the peripheries of the city. The qualitative urbanization does not follow the logic of quantitative urbanization.
The purpose of this research is to understand the theoretical discourse around rapid urbanization in Brazil, with particular regard for urban poverty. I investigate, what I have called ‘the paradox of urbanization’; the outcome of a process in which the qualitative impulses improvements of urbanization, such as public infrastructure and facilities - are planned and implemented in central neighborhoods, while the quantitative rate of urbanization -
In Rio de Janeiro the paradox of urbanization has resulted in a divided city, in which rich and poor neighborhoods are separated and exist as closed and partially autonomous communities. The prosperous central neighborhoods were equipped with parks, pavements, and public buildings, while the peripheries were developed with self-help: residents paved their own sidewalks, public spaces, and houses. Architectural artefacts in the poor peripheral
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
neighborhoods were designed following significantly lower standards than in the prosperous neighborhoods. This approach is what UC Berkeley scholar Ananya Roy called ‘the aesthetization of poverty’. The modernist dichotomies in Rio de Janeiro - such as slum/formal neighborhood, hills/flat lands, and asphalt/dirt roads - were pushed to extremes when the city experienced its largest growth rates in the mid-20th Century. The privileged central districts urbanized with public means, while the poor urban neighborhoods developed without planning on the edges of the city, and did not benefit from increasing
prosperity of the city. Today, in the hypermodernized city, these extremes still exist, but they are concealed in an ambiguous domain of private and public spaces; the role of the government in the peripheral neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro is limited, and the public voids that have emerged in the peripheries are filled in by private parties; today’s spaces that are perceived as public spaces in Rio de Janeiro’s peripheries are shopping malls. In response to the work of Ananya Roy, I propose an approach that I indicate as ‘the aesthetization of urbanity’. The approach is to create spaces for public functions, in which the
architectural quality transcends the interest of a particular local community. The aesthetization of urbanity is a response to community based, selfhelp projects: using similar architectural means in the peripheral zones as one would use in the centre, to give the peripheries a qualitative impulse beyond local interests, and make the peripheries an integral and established part of the city. The qualitative improvements in the peripheries should be landmarks to trigger local development and encourage entrepreneurship, and should attract visitors from the entire city and not only a local community. A strong relation to infrastructure will make help to increase the accessibility of the functions, and a development
as a public private partnership can make the project economically feasible. Scholars that have been of influence in this thesis include Ananya Roy, Nezar AlSayyad, Amartya Sen, and Karl Popper. The historical and site-specific knowledge derives from fieldresearch and mapping, as well as publications by James Holston, Janice Perlman, Daniela Fabricius, among others, and institutional reports and municipal resources.
student work - page 11
BRAZIAN MODERNISM: architectural studies | drawings Eu também já fui brasileiro Eu também já fui brasileiro moreno como vocês. Ponteei viola, guiei forde e aprendi na mesa dos bares que o nacionalismo é uma virtude. Mas há uma hora em que os bares se fecham e todas as virtudes se negam. - Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Architectural Studies: Self-initiated investigation into Brazilian Modernism When Brazil transformed from a country by monarchic rule into a republic in 1889, the nation started to search for a new identity. Brazil was undergoing a tranformation and breaking with the so called ‘café-com-leite’ politics, the paradigma of rural oligarchs determining political rule in the country. As the country rapidly urbanized in the period of
industrialization and modernization, so did its politics. As Brazilian politics urbanized, the country was in need of a new identity. Artists such as painter Tarsila, poets Carlos Drummond de Andrade and Fransisco Buarque de Holanda, and composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, all searched for a mode of representation that broke with Brazil’s colonial and monarchic history, laying the foundations for a new history. Architects
initially found inspiration in French Beaux Arts architecture. Many examples can be found in the central districts of Rio de Janeiro, while most of the classical architecture in São Paulo has been replaced. In 1929 Le Corbusier visited Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, where he inspired a young generation of architects to break with the neo-classical architectural traditions. Arhitects such as Affonso Reidy, Oscar Niemeyer, Lucio Costa, and Carlos
Leão embraced the ideas of Le Corbusier, and used his Modernist principles as a departing point for Brazilian Modernism. These ideas were particularly influential in Rio de Janeiro, where Modernist principles were carried out in both architecture and urban planning. In São Paulo emerged a response to the Modernist school of Rio de Janeiro. By the hands of Lina Bo Bardi and Vilanova Artigas, and later Paolo Mendes da Rocha, Brutalism started
to give shape to São Paulo. As the city was turning into a concrete jungle, these architects demonstrated a different architectural approach. I investigated two influential buildings to gain an understanding of architectural history in Brazil: the Pedregulho building by Affonso Reidy in Rio de Janeiro, and the Faculty of Architecture at University of São Paulo by Vilanova Artigas.
Case-study I: Carioca Modernism Pedregulho edificio habitacional Architect: Affonso Reidy The building is shaped by the topography of São Cristovão, looking over the western suburbs, as if Reidy wants to say: ‘look over the mountains to expand the city!’. Reidy departed from the scheme for a housing complex in Rio de Janeiro, made by Le Corbusier in 1929. The sketch would later be elaborated for a famous proposal in Algiers, but would never be built. Le Corbusier saw the end result with great appreciation, and wrote to Rediy: ‘I never had the opportunity to realise a building so complete as you have done.’
Case-study II: Paulista Brutalism FAU-USP - Faculty of Architecture Architect: Vilanova Artigas
Kenneth Frampton describes the work of Vilanova Artigas as ‘a totally new type-form: the diaphragmatic concrete roof suspended above the ground on concrete pylons’. This is exemplified in the Faculty of Architecture of University of São Paulo (1964). The principle that Artigas takes from the Modernist school of Le Corbusier is the free floor plan, which gives him the opportunity to create a large, top-lit, central hall, surrounded by studio spaces, class rooms, offices, and the library.
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student work - page 12
STUDENT COMPETITION
PERIPHERAL EMPOWERMENT | TRANSFORMING TRANSMISSION Embracing Public Life in São Paulo’s Peripheries Urban research project in collaboration with Jan van Ballegooijen Featured: - AECOM Urban SOS Student Competition (July 2010), Semi-Finalist - Book publication: “Design and Politics #6: Are We the World?” (010 Publishers) edited by prof. dr. Wouter Vanstiphout, 12 page summary; April 2012 - Exhibition: International Architecture Biennale Rotterdam 2012, Minimall Rotterdam
PERIPHERAL EMPOWERMENT Loteamentos irregulares: Dense urban fabric of irregularly constructed houses, often legalized
Transformation of th High-Voltage Transmission Network in São Paulo Urban Research Project Toon Stallaart and Jan van Ballegooijen Featured: - Student Competition: AECOM Urban SOS (semi-finalist, July 2010) - Publication: 12 page summary in ‘Design and Politics #6: Are We the World?’ (010 Publishers, April 2012) - Exhibition: International Architecture Biennale Rotterdam 2012 (Mini-mall Rotterdam, April-August 2012)
Conjuntos habitacionais: Social or private housing projects in the periphery, decent housing conditions with a high degree of standardization
Favelas: Irregular an illegal housing on squatted public lands, dense urban fabric, often lacking basic infrastructure and facilities
URBAN STRATEGY: regenerating the space under the high voltage transmission lines In this proposal we investigate the idea of using the open space under the high voltage transmission lines both as an urban connector and as a site for the development of urban facilities. New technological advances offer the possibility to reduce the field of radiation around the overhead transmission cables. The space occupied by the wires, which run straight trough the entire city in a network of over two hundred kilometers, can thus be narrowed from 150 to 50 meters. The space that falls vacant will be transformed into a scenic transportation line and an urban public space, that connects existing qualities within the city of São Paulo, like ecological parks, business districts, and the waterfront in the south zone. At the same time it opens up poorly connected peripheral neighborhoods to central areas of the city and existing transportation networks. The space that falls vacant can be transformed into an open, public, and green space, offering opportunities for local economic activities. It will be programmed with different layers of facilities - planar, linear, and spot interventions -, corresponding to the specific demands of the residents in the surrounding neighborhoods. The plan offers the potential to develop an already existing network of open space, currently closed off, into a public space; radical transformations of the city can be accomplished without radical changes in the city fabric. It will reach citizens in the entire periphery. A space that is now an inaccessible barrier, becomes an urban connector.
Planar interventions: Ecological zones, recreational parks, leisure, agriculture, sport facilities, water storage/flooding areas
Current network: Overhead cables running through dense neighborhoods. The space underneath is up to 150 meters wide. Approximately 30% of the space is used, mainly for agriculture. 70% is unused. Portfolio Toon Stallaart
Linear interventions: Light public transport, light rail, bicycle routes, walkways, esplanades
Narrowing: With new technologies the levels of radiation can be reduced, allowing the cables to be put closer together, and the capacity of the wires can be increased. The width needed can be reduced to one third of the current width.
Point interventions: Education, cultural centres, libraries, theatres, restaurants, cafes, pavilions, farmers’ markets, shops
Burying: A more expensive method is to bury the wires in a tunnel. This tunnel would be at a depth of 20 meters, and is applicable up to a length of 20 km. The space on top of the tunnel can be used for temporary uses, and light constructions. student work - page 14
Approach While mapping all the football fields in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, as open spaces of public manifestation, we discovered the existence of a different kind of open space: the network of high voltage transmission lines. It is a space that is not accessible, nor public, but conceals a particular quality of being open and green. This quality runs through the entire city, and cuts through the dense city fabric. We continued by composing a large strip of the network of transmission lines, using Google Earth photographs. We characterized the different neighborhoods, roads, and infrastructure networks in proximity of the strips. Based on the investigation we chose a site of interest, which we researched more extensively. We had a particular interest in this neighborhood as it faces problems that are exemplary for the entire periphery of São Paulo: there is a high number of households that lives in relative poverty, the neighborhood is poorly connected to public transportation networks, daily commutes take up to two hours, public facilities are underdeveloped, and there is an absence of public space and parks.
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Transmission lines: The network of overhead transmission lines in São Paulo stretches out for over 150 kilometers, through the entire city. Some spaces are subrented to local residents and used for agriculture for maintainence and to prevent from squatting. Portfolio Toon Stallaart
Metros and trains: The problem of the network of public transportation is that transportation between the different peripheral zones is limited. The new line will connect several metro lines and peripheral zones among each other.
Parks: Parks and open green spaces are scarce in São Paulo. Destinations such as Parque Cantareira in the north are difficult to access. Inherently being an open green space itself, the network will connect the different green zones around the city.
0,5
1,0
2,0km
Business districts: The largest CBD of São Paulo is Santo Amaro, along Tieté river. This district is well connected to the city centre, but connections to peripheral working class areas are limited. The new line will shorten daily commutes to the CBD’s. student work - page 15
Proposed connections:
Proposed route:
Network quality:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
The proposed line runs from Guarulhos Airport in the north of the city to Billings water reservoir in the south. It runs around the city center, along several major destinations in the northern and eastern peripheries of São Paulo. This line is not only interesting for local residents, who can commute to working districts such as Santo Amaro, but also for and visitors, who can easily access tourist destinations such as Pico de Jaragua and the water reservoirs. At several points the line crossing with existing infrastructure, such as the different metro lines, and the new Rodoanel beltway.
The proposed line as an urban connector Major destinations
Guarulhos Airport Parque Continental Parque de Cantareira Cachocirinha station Jaragua Peak Osasco studios Shopping Osasco Rio Pequeno (CEU Butanta) Vila Sonia (Murumbi) CENESP CBD Santa Amaro Station Interlagos racing track SESC Interlagos Waterfront Billings Reservoir Ilha do Borore station Rodoanel beltway
a. Iberapuera park b. Avenida Paulista c. Praça de Sé d. Luz central train station e. Billings and Guarapiranga reservoir
The space that is now vacant will offer opportunities for local residents and entrepreneurs to establish their own business, for public facilities, leisure areas, transportation, and for the development of parks and nature.
d. f.
c.
g.
h.
b.
a.
Proposal for Cantonho do Céu Case-study
The residential neighborhood of Cantinho do Céu (literally: the quarter of heaven) can benifit signicantly from adjusting the high voltage transmission lines. Commuting time to the city center can be reduced from more than 2 hours, to less than 40 minutes, and a park can be developed. a. Gaurulhos airport
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
e.
b. Cantareira park
c. Jaraguá peak
d. University USP
e. Morumbi Stadium
f. Santo Amaro CBD
g. Billings reservoir
h. Rodoanel
student work - page 16
MIT - CAMBRIDGE, MA
BACK BAY: LOST AND FOUND “On one side there are villages, on the other side are buildings!” MIT Advanced Architectural Design Studio Urban research and design proposal in Mumbai Tutor: Nondita Correa-Mehrotra
BACK BAY: LOST AND FOUND Islands and Voids: A History of Mumbai and Its Reclaimations Design Studio at MIT Toon Stallaart September - December 2008 Professor: Nondita Correa-Mehrotra Guest critics and reviewers: Dan Chen, Charles Correa, Bill McIlroy, Rahul Mehrotra, Deepti Nijhawan, Paul Paturzo, Jan Wampler Acquired and improved skills: urban strategic design, design in emerging countries, digital fabrication, 3D Autocad modeling, basic Rhino modeling, rendering in 3D MAX/Mental Ray, laser-cutting
Density of the metropolitan area ‘Bombay is the future of urban civilization on the planet. God help us.’ (Suketu Mehta, Maximum City, p. 3)
Mumbai
Mexico city
London
Mumbai has a history of land reclaimations. Until the early 18th century Mumbai consisted of 7 islands. The islands in the north were mainly populated by local residents, while the southern islands were occupied by the Portugese from the 1570s onwards, and later by the English from 1690.
= 1000 inh/km2
Size of the metropolitan area
Mumbai 484 km2
London 1623 km2
Mexico City 2072 km2
New York City 8683 km2
Growth of the city
New York Mexico City Mumbai
1950
Land reclaimations transformed the islands into the peninsula it is today. Reclaimation works started in the late 18th century. Initially these were small projects, until the construction of the Hornby Vellard on Worli Island. Soon the islands were conected to each other. The land that was used came from the hills on the islands. The reclaimations continued in the 20th century and are still going on today, as Mumbai expands to the east. One location of particular interest is Back Bay, the project site. Breakwaters were constructed in the 1970s, and preparations were made for the reclaimation of the bay. Due to financial and organizational issues the bay was never reclaimed. On the edges of the bay a fishing community had settled, and is still settled here today. The community of Machhimar Nagar and the surrounding Back Bay area are the focal point of this project.
London
1900
New York
Mumbai is one of the most dense cities in the world. Over the last two decades the number of residents approximately doubled to over 16 milion people. It is expected to grow further to more than 25 milion in the next two decades.
2000
Area of green in the city
New York Metropolitan Area
Mumbai Metropolitan Area
Back Bay: the never reclaimed bay is now surrounded by two CBD’s, apartment buildings, and slum settlements Portfolio Toon Stallaart
student work - page 18
BACK BAY: LOST AND FOUND Urban Solitude: the Unfinished Reclamation of Back Bay
open air film theatre - “In theatres all
across India, audiences have a built-in sense about when a movie is ending. [...] The last five minutes of any hindu film are inevitably lost even if you stay in the theatre, because most people in front of you are standing up. This is why most movies end with a song or a rapid reprise of the film’s highlights.” (Maximum CIty, p.383)
central pier - “The greatest luxury of all is
solitude. A city this densely packed affords no privacy. Those without a room of their own don’t have space to be alone, to defecate or write poetry or make love. A good city ought to have that; it ought to have parks or beaches where young people can kiss without being overwhelmed by the crowd.” (Maximum City, p. 135)
Detail model 1:100 Cardboard, balsa wood, triplex wood
Back Bay
Mumbai Back Bay 0
50
100
200m
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
“’Look!’ Guatama points out, as we are driving the road from Bandra reclamation, ‘On one side there are villages, on the other side are buildings.’ The child has identified the slums for what they are: villages in the city. The visual Shock of Bombay is the shock of this juxtaposition.” (Suketa Mehta, Maximum City, p.15) Once intended to be transformed into reclaimed land, the breakwater of Back Bay has always remained a void of open space in one of the most dense parts of the city. The coastline of the bay is occupied by the slums of Machhimaar Nagar and Mahatma Phule Nagar. These informal settlements exist in sharp contrast with the prosperous areas of Cuffe Parade and Nariman Point. I propose to introduce a large framework with natural fills for shading that surrounds the breakwater, and to intervene at points along the framework with public programs. The book Maximum City by writer/journalist Suketu Mehta was for me an introduction to the city of Mumbai, while the ideas of Amartya Sen have shaped my ideas about designing for the urban poor.
market place - “We walk out into the lanes of the slum. There is
a diversity of occupations here that is not found in the richer precincts. Girish shows me a room filled with seashells; a man is making gift items from them. [...] Near Girish’s office, opposite to the post-office, are a group of letter writers. They prepare packages for foreigners and write letters for the illiterate back to their villages.” (Maximum City, pp. 488-90) student work - page 19
2BY4-ARCHITECTS & HOGESCHOOL ROTTERDAM
PROJECT BOARDWALK Hiking Path in Duivenvoordse Polder Undergraduate Thesis Project Hogeschool Rotterdam Gradtuation internship at 2by4-Architects, together with Simon Verduijn Mentors: Remko Remijnse and Jeroen Visschers Honorable Mention Bouwend Rijnmond Graduation Prize
PROJECT BOARDWALK undergraduate thesis project hogeschool rotterdam
toon stallaart & simon verduijn at 2by4-Architects mentors: jeroen visschers & remko remijnse Project Boardwalk is a proposal for a hiking route through Duivenvoordse Polder. This cultural historical landscape has a lot of particular qualities that can be preserved by creating public awareness of these qualities. The proposed route is a mean to accomplish this awareness.
strand
We have thought about what these particular qualities of the site are in relation to the densely urbanized immediate surrounding. Based on this research we proposed a route through the area of Duivenvoordse Polder, and we have proposed a design for the route in terms of materialization and objects along the route.
meijendel
This project was done by Toon Stallaart and Simon Verduijn as a graduation internship at 2by4 Architects. The assignments is proposed to the municipalities that are involved and is currently being researched for feasibility.
wassenaar bosrand
01.
duivenvoordse polder
02.
03.
04. corridor waterlandschap
open polder
01. steel grate plates over the water Portfolio Toon Stallaart
02. existing farm access roads
03. grass path
04. boardwalk in coppice woods student work - page 21
PROJECT BOARDWALK
treetop walk
entrance bridge “Dogs on leash!”, “Prohibited for cyclists!”. In recreational areas a vastness of signs point the visitors at their obligations and the prohibitions in the area. The signs are so common that many visitors barely take notice of their content. In an area with vulnerable qualities, such as Duivenvoordse Polder has, it is necessary to restrict entrance to particular groups that could harm the area. Mountainbikers would destroy the flora and would be disturbing for hikers, dogs would disturb the birds in the
breeding area as well as other fauna. Instead of oblivious signage, we propose a bridge at the entrance to welcome visitors, except dog walkers and bikers. The proposal is a diagonal beam on a curved bridge, supported by a steel mesh. The visitor must step over the beam in the center of the bridge. This step is both a literal step into the area and a symbolic step; the visitor becomes actively engaged in entering a valuable and vulnerable area: “Welcome to the protected area of Duivenvoordse Polder!”
haystack
In the most southern of the two plots of coppice wood, the boardwalk is smoothly elevated from the ground, and the visitor starts to rise up to the crowns of the trees. In this part of the route we try to make the layers of the woods visible. First the dense layer of bushes on the ground, above that the trunks of the trees, and then the coverage of foliage. The upmost point is hidden in the edge of the woods,
where the visitor can look out over the adjacent polder area. After this point the visitor can gradually move down. The treetop walk is part of the continuing route, and will be built in the same material as the boardwalk; the coppice wood itself. In this way, the coppice woods are restored into their old function, and the path becomes one with its immediate surrounding.
Central in Duivenvoordse Polder is an abandoned farm. The farmyard in consists of a composition of several buildings which outlay the typology of farms in the province of Zuid Holland province. The farms give meaning to the surrounding polder, and provide an understanding of how such areas have been constructed and maintained for centuries. The relation between landscape, place, and buildings makes it possible to read the landscape, and understand its workings and meaning. The central farm is listed to be
demolished. To keep the landscape legible, we propose to keep the haystack intact. It was used to store the hay collected during he summer months in a dry place, and to use it for the cattle during the cold winter months. The roof of the haystack is adjustable in height, a feature that we propose to use, and make visible again. In summer the roof will be lifted up, providing a shelter in the center of the area. During the breeding season in spring, when the route is closed, the roof will be lowered down, as a shelter for bird watchers.
From the dense and low vegetation...
summer
winter
...through the trunks of the trees...
...up to the foliage.
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
student work - page 22
TU DELFT
FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN Technical Studies Technical Studies TU Delft MSc-1 Project by Toon Stallaart and Mike Schäfer Teacher: Pierre Jennen
FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN a constructive approach towards the mat-building - toon stallaart & mike schäfer m.sc 1 technical studies - teacher: pierre jennen In 1963 Josic, Candilis & Woods proposed a scheme for a campus building for the Free University of Berlin. Their proposal was a highly flexible building with long corridors, volumes, and inner courtyards, based on the typology of the mat-building. The building would be expandable through adding volumes in the courtyards, and by adding volumes on the first floor. The building, as it was eventually constructed in the 1970s, has little of the qualities that were proposed in the initial design. There is a high degree of repetition in volumes and courtyards, the building lacks the flexibility in materialization, and is subject to technical problems, such as water problems and a facade that requires a lot of maintenance. In this assignment we were asked to deliver a technical proposal, to resolve the technical problems of the building, while maintaining the flexibility of the original scheme.
Analysis
program and functions
masses / open spaces and routing
grid / structure
digital construction model
sketch model
Construction order and materials: Foundation and ground floor: The prefabricated hollow floor slabs sit on top of the foundation slabs, either directly, or with masonry to allow split-level. Steel structure: The main structure of the building is realized in steel, based on a 700x700mm grid. The columns sit directly on the foundation base. The hinged connections allow for future adjustments of the building.
Stability: Stability of the floors is to be accomplished with a compression slab. Stability of the structure is made by brick walls connected to the structure and wind bracings.
Elevation: The elevation is built with the same construction method as the ground floor. The roof slabs and construction are overdimensioned to allow for vertical expansion. Cladding: The facade cladding is based on the same 700x700mm grid, and materialized in aluminium cassettes. To avoid design problems during expansion of the building, the fitting pieces are located on the corners. Finishing: The windows are constructed as curtain walls, adopting the 700x700mm grid of the construction and facade. Large window openings can be made by multiplying the grid. Portfolio Toon Stallaart
student work - page 24
PART 2: PROFESSIONAL WORK Selection of Professional Projects and Internship Work -
Benthem Crouwel Architekten, Amsterdam; Assistant Architect (October 2011 - April 2012) Studio Oblique / Samir Bantal, Amsterdam; Freelance Designer (August - November 2011) TU Delft; Research Assistant (February - October 2011) Kossmann.deJong Architects, Amsterdam; Internship (Summer 2009) 2by4-Architects, Rotterdam; Internship (February - July 2007)
BENTHEM CROUWEL ARCHITEKTEN, AMSTERDAM
PROJECTS AT SCHIPHOL AIRPORT Work at Benthem Crouwel Architekten, in collaboration with NACO -
Masterplan 2025 T1-T2 Landside Masterplan Review O/D Terminal + Piers Airport Control Centre Central Security Non-Schengen, terminal 3
October 2011 - April 2012
CENTRAL SECURITY NON-SCHENGEN Departure Hall 3, Schiphol Airport
Work at Benthem Crouwel Architekten, in collaboration with NACO
The main project I worked on at Benthem Crouwel architects, in collaboration with Netherlands Airport Consultants, was CSNS, Central Security Non-Schengen, a large-scale re-organization of the Non-Schengen part of the airport. Schiphol is divided in two parts: a part for passengers who travel within the Schengen zone, and a part for travellers with NonSchengen origin or destination. Every departing passengers needs
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
to be security-checked. Currently all the security checks for NonSchengen passengers are situated at the gate. This needs to be centralized: transferring passengers need to be checked on arrival and departing passengers need to be checked directly after chekin; arriving passengers need to be able to leave the airport without being unnesecarly checked. This requires a large spatial reorganization and expansion of the
airport: all security equipment at the gates will be centrally placed on five locations (2 departure halls, 3 piers), and three piers will have an additional floor on top to separate arriving and transferring passengers from departing passengers. I worked on the preliminary design for the implementation of a mezzanine in departure hall 3, and the reconfiguration of the existing offices, shops, and passport control, in total 6.600 sq.m GFA. The
complexity of the project was to satisfy the desires of all involved parties, within an extremely tight budget, and the limitations of the existing building. The challenge in terms of architecture was to make a well-functioning proposal, while sustaining the spatial experience of the departure hall during check-in and security check. The architects in charge were Jan Benthen, Heymen Westerveld, Marten Wassmann, and Gerard van der Veer.
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SCHIPHOL MASTERPLAN 2025 Masterplan T1-T2 Area, Landside
Work at Benthem Crouwel Architekten, in collaboration with NACO
Masterplan 2025 T1-T2 Landside Schiphol Airport is currently planning to expand its facilities to handle an increasing number of passengers. The airport expects to grow from 480.000 flight movements per year today to 585.000 flight movements per year by 2025. To handle this increasing number of flights and visitors, the airport needs a new terminal, several new piers, and additional facilities. In this commission Benthem Crouwel Architects, together with Netherlands Airport Consultants (NACO), were asked to propose a masterplan to accomodate the following required landside facilities: - 30.000 sq.m offices - 15.000 sq.m hotel with 300 rooms - 1.400 parking spaces - 12.000 sq.m crew centre
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
A staged development was required. Additionally a good connection was asked between the new terminal, and the existing terminals, adjustments for logistics on landside, a connection with the railway station, and commercial facilities. We proposed an elevated square, which covers the passenger connection between the existing and new terminal, and facilitates access to all additional passenger functions. The parking is split in two parts: an excellence parking next to the existing terminal, and an underground parking next to the new terminal. The hotel would be built as a cilinder around the air-traffic control tower.
Review Masterplan Airsode: O/D Terminal and A, A’, A� piers Subsquently to the landside masterplan I also worked on the lay-out of the airside part of the masterplan (not shown in these images), including a new terminal building and 3 additional piers, with space for 33 extra airplanes. In a small team I worked on the lay-out of the new origin/destination terminal. The content of this project is confidential.
The masterplan was designed by Jan Benthem, I assisted with the design. My tasks included the design of the hotel, the lay out of the roads and parking facilities, and the passenger flows.
professional work - page 28
AIRPORT CONTROL CENTRE Feasibility Study ACR, Schiphol Airport
Work at Benthem Crouwel Architekten, in collaboration with NACO
I assisted on a feasibility study for the realization of an Airport Control Room and additional offices on Schiphol Airport. The building consists of two parts. There are 12.000 sq.m operational offices, and additionally 5.000 sq.m commercial offices. The main function of the building, the Aiport Control Room, is a single open space of 1.200 sq.m with double height. In this space all securityrelated operations on the airport are monitored. The other offices are
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
partially to be realized on landside, and partially on airside, need to be flexible, and the building needs to be easily expandable. We were asked to advice if an existing preliminary design proposal was suitable to accomodate these functions, and to propose necessary modifications where needed. The proposal consists of two elevated slabs around a central atrium, which would be built on
top of building where the luggage for Departure hall 1 is handled. A design challenge was that airside and landside employees could never cross each other, while every space in the building would need to have to possibility to contain either landside or airside offices. By introducing a double circultation system, with double staircases and elevators, we were able to simultaniously secure sufficient emergency exits, and to have a separate circulation
system for airside and landside employees. In this way offices anywhere in the building can be changed from airside to landside or vice-versa. The architect in charge was Job SchroĂŤn. I worked mainly on the development of the plans and sections, and prepared presentation materials.
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STUDIO OBLIQUE / SAMIR BANTAL, AMSTERDAM
L’ARCHITECTURE NÉERLANDAISE Un Tour d’Horizon, exhibition Exhibition about Dutch Architecture in l’Ancienne Église du Sacré-Coeur in Casablanca Freelance work for Studio Oblique / Samir Bantal August - November 2011
L’ARCHITECURE NÉERLANDAISE UN TOUR D’HORIZON
Public Exhibition about Dutch Architecture in l’Ancienne Église du Sacré-Coeur in Casablanca (4-26 november 2011) Freelance work for Studio Oblique / Samir Bantal
As a freelance designer I have assisted on the design of the exhibition “l’Architecture Néerlandaise: Un Tour d’Horizon’, by Studio Oblique / Samir Bantal. The public exhibition was held in the Ancienne Egilse du Sacré-Coeur in Casablanca, and was commissioned and organized by the Dutch Embassy in Morocco. In the beautiful setting of the cathedral we made a large map of artificial grass, representing the different types of soil in The Netherlands. The map of the Netherlands is like a patchwork of
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
different types of landscapes. It shows the different types of soil that have shaped the basis for different types of cultivation, and different landscapes of the country. From this map we took a section through the area of the Randstad, where we showed 35 projects in various scales and types, and from different eras: from the large reclamation works in Flevoland, and the new cities that were planned and build there, to housing projects such as Ypenburg by MVRDV, office buildings such as
Johnson Wax by Huig Maaskant, concert halls such as Partonaat by DiederenDirrix, and infrastructure projects such as Erasmus bridge by UN Studio. The section offered us the liberty to show the great range on which architects and planners in Holland work. On the sides we displayed visionary projects, one side for water, the other for land. We used large 4 meter high banners, which created walls for the exhibition. To break the height of the cathedral we hung about 150 umbrellas.
The exhibition was designed by Studio Oblique / Samir Bantal. As a freelance designer I assisted on the development of the spatial design and production drawings. Later I also worked on the idea for the side banners, assisted on making the project selection, collecting documentation and maintaining contacts with architecture offices and NAi, writing texts, and making panels and a catalague
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COMPETITION
EMPOWERING POWER PYLONS A New Generation of Transmission Pylons RIBA Power Pylon Competition Toon Stallaart and Jan van Ballegooijen June / July 2011
EMPOWERING POWER PYLONS A New Generation of Transmission Pylons
max. 24.50 m
RIBA Pylon Competition, June/July 2011 - in collaboration with Jan van Ballegooijen
6.25 m conductor jumper loop
3.05 m clearance between phases
41.40 m typical tower height 3 phases power pylon
20.05 m fixing point cables (max. sag + ground clearance)
max. 14.0 m FRONT VIEW 1:500 Tension Tower with Small Wind Turbines
Great Britain faces an increasing demand for electricity, while it has the ambition to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels. A new approach in our thinking about energy generation, transmission, and consumption is needed. How can we set a new paradigm for renewable energy? One of the answers to increase the share of renewable energy lies within the transmission network itself. Instead of thinking about energy generation and energy transmission as separate entities, we propose to integrate these in one design. The lines of the transmission network can be transformed into self-supplying energy avenues, collecting and transmitting energy at the same time. The network of transmittors becomes a network of generators. The power pylons will have a double function: their height can be used to collect wind energy, their surface can be used to collect solar power. The generated energy can be immediately added to the power distribution network through a separate circuit. Eventually, the network can make the separate generator redundant. We propose two separate pylons, with a highly utilitarian design. The pylons have a V-shape, to create maximum space in between the pylons on top, where the wind is the strongest. The space in between can be used for wind turbines, small and large, but also for solar panels, depending on the reliability of renewable energy sources, and on conditions such as the tolerance for noise production and the presence of birds.
coal plant
From a conventional network of high voltage transmission lines... coal plant
... to a self-supplying network with generators of renewable energy.
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
professional work - page 33
COMPETITION
THE AMSTEL ACTS Transformation of Amstel III Business Area EUROPAN 11 Competition Toon Stallaart, Rutger Huiberts, Martine Verhoeven July 2011
AMSTEL THE
Activator Catalyzator Transformator Stabilizator
EUROPAN 11 - Site: Amsterdam, NL - in collaboration with Rutger Huiberts & Martine Verhoeven
ACTS
Amstel III is a monotonous office district in the south of Amsterdam. It is well-located, close to the main infrastructural axes, and served by rail, metro and bus lines. However, the area suffers from high levels of vacancy, vacancy levels are not expected to decrease. The municipality of Amsterdam wants to attract new users for the offices, but also new groups of users of the area. It wants to introduce residential use, in particular for niche markets. To make the area more attractive for new users and residents, the municipality needs a strategy to improve the quality of public space, green space, and connectivity for cyclists and pedestrians, as well as to implement facilities and leisure. Hence, the question is: How can we transform Amstel III from a monotonous office district into a heterogeneous, lively urban district? We abandon the brief, which proposes development on the two empty plots on the eastern and western edge of the site. Our statement: Amstel 3 does not have two open plots, it has three! The central axis, currently a 2x2 lane road + bicycle lanes + sidewalks + grass, sits on 60 meters in width. And it is not used! Therefore we propose to transform this road into a central public space, a backbone from which current plot owners and investors can pinpoint transformations in the area.
Traffic: current situation and proposal The area is well-connected to the main infrastructural networks for car traffic and public transport. The central north-south road in the center of Amstel III, Hondsrugweg, is overdimensioned and offers no access to any of the parking lots. The main traffic flows are perpendicular on the Holterbergweg. Local traffic only accesses private parkings. How can Amstel III’s interrupted street grid be completed? After the removal of Hondsrugweg, and the introduction of the central public axis, traffic in Amstel III will revolve around two central arms stretching from the Holterbergweg westwards into the area. Between these two streets, the current parking streets will evolve into through-roads making the area more permeable while at the same time proving more connections to pedestrians and cyclists.
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
Parking: current situation and proposal One of the strengths of Amstel III is the accessibility by car. However the amount of parking space in Amstel III overshadows the potential for qualitative green or other uses. Can the area be altered without a decrease of parking space? With the introduction of new functions, the demand for parking spaces will increase. A solution is provided in the central axis. Residents and users of the office buildings will share parking facilities through a flexible parking concept: because of the different times they need to have their car parked in the area, parking space can be used more efficiently.
Green Space: current situation and proposal The current quality of green space is low. The indexed ‘quality green’ to the east-side of the area is the dike of the rail road. The undeveloped plot to the west of Amstel III is adjacent to a main road, and has therefore little potential to be developed as empty green space. How can quality green space be introduced in Amstel III?
Figure Ground: current situation and proposal The FSI of this area is very low. The buildings are surrounded by large parking spaces and have closed facades with little relation to the street. No building has its main entrance to the street. What is the most successful approach to densify the area, while not interfering in current property of the land owners?
High quality green space, integrated with the new parking garages and public facilities will be added in the central axis. When a plot will be re-developed, space will be reserved for collective and private gardens. The residents of Amstel III have the opportunity to have their own garden, which is a luxury for Amsterdam.
The figure ground diagramme will evolve towards a closed block structure. Densities will increase, enlivening the streets and generated the need for incrementally more diversified commercial facilities. Amstel III evolves from a homogeneous office district into a lively urban area, an integral part of Amsterdam metropolis, with flexibility to adjust and reinvent itself as a response to the changing demands of its users.
professional work - page 35
AMSTEL THE
Activator Catalyzator Transformator Stabilizator
Act 1: Catalysator
EUROPAN 11 - Site: Amsterdam, NL - in collaboration with Rutger Huiberts & Martine Verhoeven
ACTS
The central axis is what bounds the lease holders, the municipality, the users, and the developers of the area together. Collaborations are possible among different users, even if there are owners who do not participate. The central axis will de developed with parking spaces for adjacent housing,. The parking spaces are half underground and naturally ventilated, causing low construction costs, and few installations are needed. On top of the parking garage are spaces for small and medium sized shops and neighborhood facilities, such as supermarkets, bakery stores, cafetaria, barbershop, daycare center, sports facilities, etc. The modular system that arranges the spaces of the central axis allows for high flexibility: different types of users and occupants can find or create a space that fits their demands. On top of the spaces are gardens. The roof of the strip is entirely green. Spaces can be public, but also private spaces can be rented out to new residents. Where else in Amsterdam can you find a house dwith a garden? The phasing of the plan is based on the development of the central axis. From there, current ground lease contract holders can decide to participate in the development. The development can start with a big trigger, such as IKEA, which wants to develop a hotel for confrences. The axis is transformed from a temporary space into a permanently changing space.
Municipality
Property Owners
Investors/Developers
Current Users
New Users: Businesses
New Users: Residents
Priorities: - Decrease vacancy - Increase land value - Decrease public maintainence costs - Increase quality of public space
Priorities: - Increase asset value - Decrease vacancy - Decrease land lease costs
Priorities: - Security over the success of potential developments before starting to invest - Flexible regulations
Priorities: - Increase in level of public facilities - Sustaining parking facilities - Better profile of the area
Priorities: - Diversity of office spaces (both large and small) - Flexible spaces - Good public facilities - Good connectivity
Priorities: - Afforable housing - Good quality of public space - Higher level of facilities - Green space or gardens
Position: The municiaplity wants to transform Amstel III into a mixed-use area. They are prepared to invest only a small amount of money in the redevelopment of Amstel III. They prefer not to buy property from current owners, as this would bring about large costs. The municipality has, however, made a small reservation of money to invest in the quality of public space in Amstel III.
Postition: Property ownership is extremely fragmented. Property owners suffer from the vacancy problem. Their current property does not do well in the market as their buildings are monotomous and the area has no unique qualities. They do not want to lower the rental prices as these are directly related to the value of their assets.
Position: Currently there is little willingness to invest in Amstel III, as it has no unique quality, a lot of vacancy, low rental segment, and poor quality of buildings and surrounding space. Investors and developers will not be willing to carry the risk of investing in this area without a comprehensive plan.
Position: New users are reluctant from establishing their businesses in Amstel III, as the area has no particular qualities. Moreover, the size of the office spaces is too large, and the area offers no diversity or flexibility. Because of their vastness, the vacancy signs sooner repel prospect renters, than attract them.
Position: New residents want a house that can adapt to their needs. Potential residents of Amstel III are not typical urban dwellers, but residents who want to live close to work, who want to benifit from spaces of busniess and service exchange in the area; entrepreneurs and pioneers, short-stay and long-stay.
Action: It is important to provide the property owners opportunities, rather than obligations. They can densify on their current assets by building elevated slabs; they can transfer their ground lease to the empty plots on the edge of the area; they can remodel or renovate their current property; they can leave their assets unchanged. The risk for owners is low, as they do not need to invest, but can benifit from developments on their plots. Owners who collaborate in densifying the area will be rewarded by allowing a higher FSI, and sharing the costs of the ground lease.
Action: Developers can have the central axis practically for free (only demolition costs of the infrastructure). This comes, however, with some obligations: they will collaborate with developers of adjacent plots to construct parking for the new developments of housing, and they will invest in a (semi-)public ‘roofscape’. It will be attractive to invest as they can develop retail, leisure, and hotels, increasing their profits. They can develop piecemeal, in phases that are highly responsive to what happens in the area, which will decrease the risk of failure.
Position: The main incentive of the current users to choose for an office location in Amstel III is the connectivity of their businesses to the main infrastructure, primarely connectivity by car. Therefore sufficient parking space is important for current users; they will not be enthusiastic if they loose parking spaces. Safety in the area that is a concern, as Amstel III is completely deserted during the night and in weekends. Facilities are absent: during lunch hour there is a catering truck in Amstel III, to compensate for the absence of facilities.
Action: New businesses can be attracted by offering diversity and flexibility. This is only possible by making the grain of Amstel III smaller. New users can establish their businesses in sizes from sole proprietorship to onehunderd employee business. These users can benifit from each other’s expertise and innovations. By example: craftsmen in furniture making and decoration can benifit from the proximity of IKEA. The area will be ideal for entrpreneurs who can innovate, test, make, and sell, and eventually expand their businesses.
Action: The residents make the area of Amstel III lively and diverse. They expand their housing, which are flexible to reconfigure, internally adapt, and adjust to the needs of the residents. The residents will rent, maintain, buy, or use the mix of private and public gardens on the roofscape of the central axis. The new residents are the people who contribute most to the dynamics of Amstel III.
Action: The municipality sells or offers the ground of Hondsrugweg for a minimum price (demolition costs) to a developer, accompanied with rules in terms of program and use of the land of Hondsrugweg. As the ground was previously never in the books as buildable ground, the municipality has its reserved money available to invest in renovation of public space throughout the area, and does not need to make a large investment itself, and does not carry a large risk.
Long Section of the Central Axis (1:1250) Portfolio Toon Stallaart
Proposed new bus station
Spaces for shops
Hogehilweg
Private roof gardens
Cafe
Action: Current users can anticipate on future developments, as the transformation in Amstel III will offer more diversity in office spaces. Businesses can grow and shrink within the same area. Current users will primarely benifit from the addition of facilities, and from greater diversity of users. This will improve the sense of safety.
Central square / sport facilities
Half-underground parking garage
Karpseldreef
Temporary parking for offices
professional work - page 36
AMSTEL THE
Activator Catalyzator Transformator Stabilizator
EUROPAN 11 - Site: Amsterdam, NL - in collaboration with Rutger Huiberts & Martine Verhoeven
ACTS
Act 3: Stabilisator The stabilisator act is the phase in which Amstel III will reach urban maturity. Existing and new users transform the area into a lively urban district, capable to adapt to the changing needs and users of the city. The ground floor of the elevated slabs can be filled in with spaces for entrepreneurs, small businesses, shops, etc. This will increase the liveliness on street level. The residential buildings can be constantly altered and grow with its residents. The central axis is adjusted to the needs of a mixed-use urban area, where services for businesses are combined with facilities for residents.
Act 0: Activator
Act 1: Catalysator
Act 2: Transformator
Act 3: Stabilisator
The central axis will be prepared to be developed into a public strip. The municipality removes the central road, and prepares the axis for temporary parking with temporary facilities.
The central axis is the catalyst for the area. It will bolster the development of Amstel III. The axis will de developed with parking spaces, roof gardens and integrated facilities.
The FSI of the area is increased by creating attractive conditions for current lease contract holders, to densify individually or collectively. Three options are proposed:
The parking spaces are half underground, resulting in low construction costs, and few installations are needed, as well as less space for ground water storage.
1) Increase FSI by adding buildings as elevated slabs with housing, while sustaining the current lay-out of the plot and minimal loss of parking space. Barely any modification to current assets are needed. The value of the assets will increase by the addition of public facilities and high quality green space.
The stabilisator act is the final stage. Amstel III will reach urban maturity, as existing and new users transform the area into a lively urban district, capable to adapt to the changing needs and users of the city. The ground floor of the elevated slabs can be filled in with spaces for entrepreneurs, small businesses, shops, etc. This will increase the liveliness on street level.
Connectivity to main infrastructure is one of the qualities of Amstel III, but new connections are needed to accomodate new users in the area. Therefore the bus routes are altered and new bus stops are implemented. A connection with the residential area of Bijlmermeer is established, to benefit from the facilities this neighbourhood offers.
Integrated with the underground parking modules, there are spaces for small and medium-sized shops and neighborhood facilities, such as supermarkets, bakery stores, cafetaria, barbershop, take-out food, daycare center, etc. On the roof, a public landscape of high quality green space, terraces and sport pitches will be realised.
2) Modifying current property for different use: The Municipality of Amsterdam adjusts its regulations to facilitate different use of current assets. For example: making it easier to transform an office building into residences, by looseing the building regulations for comfort and energy.
The residential buildings can be altered and grow with their residents. The composition of the residential blocks is based on a combination of roof and patio apartments and flexible cells. The central axis is adjusted to the needs of a mixed-use urban area, where services for businesses are combined with facilities for residents.
3) Land lease transfer: The owners of current lease contracts can change their lease contract and surrender their current assets to construct new office buildings on the edges of the site. These locations are view-locations along the main infrastructural axes.
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
professional work - page 37
KOSSMANN.DE JONG ARCHITECTS
STADSKANTOOR ROTTERDAM Invited Competition Entry for the Interior of the New Public Services Hall Internship at Kossmann.deJong Invited competition entry of Mecanoo + Kossmann.deJong + Wubbo Ockels
STADSKANTOOR ROTTERDAM Interior of public services of the new city hall of Rotterdam Internship at Kossmann.deJong Architects, summer 2009 Invited competition with Mecanoo & Wubbo Ockels As a trainee I was part of the design team for the interior of the Mecanoo proposal for the new municipal hall of Rotterdam. Kossmann.deJong designed the interior, as a grand public hall, around which the offices and closed spaces could be organized. The interior facade of the hall consists of a large, continuous LED screen, which will be used to display public events and activities in the city: the city as an event space. In the middle of the space is a large maquette of the city, showing the constantly altering city fabric: the city as a workshop. I worked on the design of the LED-facade, and assisted with renders, plans, sections, etc.
Portfolio Toon Stallaart
professional work - page 39