Trellis - V25, No1 - Jan 1998

TRELLIS

The newsletter of the Civic Garden Centre in Toronto January/February, 1998 Volume 25, Number 1

General Informatmn

TheCivicGardenCentreisavolunteer-based,not-for-profitorganizationwhosemission is to actasa centralresource forgardening, horticultureand allied environmentalissues by encouraging interest; promoting involvement; and gathering, disseminating and interpreting information in order to enhance the quality of life for the community.

Located in Edwards Gardens, at Leslie Street and Lawrence Avenue East in Toronto, the Centre serves members throughout the Toronto area and across Ontario.

TheCivic Garden Centre is pleased to rent facilities for meetings, receptions, exhibits and shows.

Hours:

Administrative offices: Monday to Friday 9:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Winter(November1 toMarch31) LibraryandTrellis Shop: weekdays9:30a.m. to4:00 p-m.; weekends and holidays noon to 4:00 p.m.

Summer (April 1 to October 31) Library and Trellis Shop: weekdays 9:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.; weekends and holidays noon to 5:00 p.m.

Telephone: Area code 416.

Main number: 397-1340

Rentals: 397-1349

Library: 397-1340

Fax: 397-1354

Trellis Shop: 397-1357

Volunteerprogram: 397-1362

Course registration: 397-1362

Master Gardeners Infoline: 397-1345 (hours: 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. weekdays; noon to 3:00 p.m. weekends and holidays)

Photography permit for Metro Parks: 392-8188

Board of directors:

Chair: Helen Shaw

Members: Charlotte Ambridge

Wendy Barrett

Peter Boeckle

Dugald Cameron

Lindsay Dale-Harris

Susan Dyer

Staff members:

Susan Gibson

Mark Hartley

John Howard

Carolyn Kearns

Gwen Kearney

Nancy Laurie

Acting executive director: Ron Dubyk

Accountant

Assistant horticulturist:

Carol Ward

Sheila Smith

Trellis editor: Iris Hossé Phillips

Manager, Trellis Shop:

Jessica Harris

Assistant manager, Trellis Shop: ~ Silke Gathmann

Maintenance supervisor: Walter Morassutti

Administrative assistant: Shirley Lyons

Course co-ordinator: Ada Brzeski

Barbara Mayer

David Money

Liz Primeau

Allan Pat Ryley

Craig Stubbs

Dolce Tatlow

Events at the Centre 4-7

8 Seed starting 9-13 Seedexchange:listandorderform

15 Agape: not a plant or fertilizer, but ...

16 Seventh Great Canadian GardeningConferenceofferedmanyconnections

19 January/February tasks

20 Plants to stimulate you 22 Classified

23 Questions and answers

24 The evolution of a gardener

26 Meet Milne House Garden Club

2 Newbooks in the Trellis Shop

Inside back cover Coming events

About ourcover:

We feature a watercolor by Sonia Day, writer, painter, Master Gardener and member of the Civic Garden Centre.

TRELLIS

Volume 25, Number 1

Editor: Iris Hossé Phillips

Editorial co-ordinator: Leslie Lynch

Proofreader: Mara Arndt

Advertising information: (416) 397-1340

Printed by Raised Image, Etobicoke, on recycled paper

Trellis ispublished six timesa yearas a members newsletter by the Civic Garden Centre, 777 Lawrence Avenue East, North York, Ontario M3C 1P2. Telephone number: (416) 3971340.

Manuscripts submitted on a voluntary basis are gratefully received. No remuneration is possible.

Articles, manuscripts and advertising material must be received by the first of the month to insure publication eight weeks later. For example, materialreceived byMarch 1 will be included in the May/June issue of Trellis.

Opinions expressed within Trellis do not necessarily reflect thoseoftheCentre. Submissionsmaybeeditedforstyleand clarity.

Allrightsreserved. Reproduction inwholeorpartisprohibited without written permission.

Trellis, January/February 1998

By Iris Phillips

Many gardeners use the winter months to catchup on garden related reading and to create new plans for their gardens. One recentlypublishedbookthatIrecommend is Gardening with Nature: How James van Sweden and Wolfgang Oehme plant slopes, meadows, outdoor rooms and garden screens, by James van Sweden. The book explores design strategies, plants and details the step-by-step developmentofthesite.The photographs are outstanding.

My garden plan is undergoing some changesthatwereinspiredbythespeakers at the Seventh GreatCanadian Gardening ConferenceheldattheCentrelastOctober. Thespeakers focusedontheextraordinary interconnectedness that exists between plantsandcreaturesinthegarden.Speaker - Sara Stein told us how she created a landscape around her farm that was tame enough to call a garden but wild enough for creatures to call home. I encourage you to read Pleasance Crawford s article on page 16.

Over the past few issues [ have written aboutmyacceptanceofthecolororangein my garden with the initial introduction of thebutterflymilkweed,Asclepiastuberosa. I am now actively seeking out orange flowers. One perennial I have read about is Sphaeralcea coccinea, copper or prairie mallow. TheplantisnativetowesternCanada and the U.S. and blooms all summer. It grows well in all soils heavy clay to sandy andishardyto-30°F. Inmyquest IhaveonlyfoundAmericansourcessothe hunt is still on for a Canadian source. My other orange newcomer will be the martagon lily orange marmalade which will look spectacular at the back of the border.ThebulbsareeasytofindinCanada. Happy armchair gardening.

Notes from the acting executive director

By Ron Dubyk

I'havehadtheopportunitytoworkinmany occupations and industries: lecturing and teaching, theme parks, retail floriculture, landscapeshows/displays andplantnursery work. I am a graduate of the Niagara Parks Commission School ofHorticulture. Myrecentappointmentasactingexecutive director of the Civic Garden Centre is an opportunity to bring all my varied expertise into high gear.

At the time ofwriting this article I have been at the Centre for one week and have been involved infiscalconcerns,organizationalrestructuring,marketing/communications, room rentals, team building, specialevents,speaker/lectureconfirmations, horticultural queries, article for Trellis and even fixing a typewriter...phew! But, there was no way to cover all of these issues withouttheassistance,supportandstrength of the numerous volunteers, associate groups, staffand members of the Board.

It is no mystery that the Centre relies heavily on the support of volunteers with theirvastresources,expertiseand qualities and it is no wonder that a recent article on volunteersnotedthat thevoluntarysector isthegluethatholdseverythingtogether... it is anticipated that voluntary organizations will enliven a spirit of community, foster a sense of self-sufficiency, provide newavenues fortraining and deliver services in cheaper, lessbureaucratic and more targeted ways.

Does this sound familiar? If not, let me enlighten you with a few of the voluntary efforts that occur every day at the Centre: Did you everusethelibrary, call ourhorticultural info line, take a tour of Edwards Gardenswithourguides,strollthroughthe Trellisgiftshop,readthismagazine,attend one ofourspecial events or lectures? Well, guesswhat?Youprobablyhadcontactwith

many of our Centre s volunteers. Whataboutprojectsnewand returning for1998?Let sstartwiththeEdwardsFoundation lecture series, plant sales, hort courses, Canada Blooms flower show, the new Children s Teaching Garden, park tours and a whole host of special events and programs, just to name a few.

Iurgeallofyoutogetoutand makeuse ofyourCentre,participateintheprograms and bring a friend or neighbor to the new Centretoexperiencehorticultureatitsbest.

ThestaffandI lookforwardtomeeting withyou in the near future. We hope that the holiday season has been a joyful one and we wish you all good health and a Happy New Year.

Thank you to our volunteers

Thankyou to everyone whovolunteered at the Christmas plant sale. The holiday season is a busy time for everyone and we appreciate your time and effort at making this and other plant sales a success in 1997. We lookforward toworking with you again in 1998.

Sheila Smith, horticulturist

Thank you to the many volunteers who made Mistletoe Magic such a success this year.

Library tips

Backissuesofmagazinesareavailable for borrowing. The staffand volunteers will help you use the subject index to locate topics in back issues.

Trellis,January/February 1998

Notes from the Board

By Dr. Helen Shaw, president, Civic Garden Centre Board

For thepastyearand a halfthe Civic Garden Centre has been faced with financial problems. Revenue has declined and expenses have risen. The largest portion of expensesintheCGCbudgetisallocatedto staffsalaries. Ataspecialmeetingheldon November 10, 1997, the Board ofDirectors unanimouslyagreedthattheonlypossible solution at this time was for the Board to take immediate action and proceed with fiscal downsizing.

Regrettably, we have said goodbye to DavidNodwell,executivedirector,Carolyn Dalgarno, manager ofmarketing and specialevents,StephenWestcott-Gratton,horticulturist, Roslyn Theodore, librarian,

Margot Mather, children s programs and Betsy Chubb, facilities manager.

All of these employees have contributed greatly to the running of the Centre overtheyearsandwewishthemwellinall future endeavours. We realize that you willmiss eachoneofthem; however, more than ever we need your continuing support as members of the Centre.

On November 12, 1997, Ron Dubyk, on assignment from Metro Toronto s Department of Parks and Culture, became acting executivedirectoroftheCivicGardenCentre. We are very fortunate to have Ron in this position. Pleasejoin us in welcoming him to the Centre.

Our Growing Heritage series: 1998

Gardening workshops at Spadina House

Heritage Toronto and the Civic Garden Centre present this series which explores the use of plant material with application for today s gardens.

January 25 Marjorie Mason-Hogue, instructor, owner of Mason-Hogue Nurseries; The First Breath of Spring: perennials and bulbs of early spring

February 1 Geoffrey Vernon, heritage gardener, Heritage Toronto; So Much Space, What Do | Do: planning a residential garden

February 8 MarionJarvie, instructor, RockGarden Societymember; DwarfGardening: beauty in small packages

February 15 BruceScott, head gardener, Casa Loma; Cutting it down to Size, pruning your garden

February 22 Wendy Woodworth, senior horticulturist, Heritage Toronto; Cutting and Grafting: getting more from your garden splendor

$15perlecture which includes refreshments, $12forHeritage PartnersandCivic Garden Centre members. A tour of Spadina is not included. Sundays, 1:30 to 3:30 p.m. Preregistration required: call (416) 392-6910 to reserve.

1

THE EDWARDS LECTURE SERIES

Date: Wednesday, January 21

Time: 7:30 p.m.

Speaker: Bill Casselman

Topic: Canadian garden words

Bill Casselman describes himself as a word nut and an amateur gardener . Heisfrequentlyheardonradioandhisbooks includeCasselman' s Canadian Words,More Wacky Canadian Words and Sayings and his recently released Canadian Garden Words.

Did you know that begonia was named after a governor of French Canada, or Camas lily is a name derived from the Pacific Coast peoples of British Columbia or snotty var is a Newfoundland word for balsam fir which accurately describes the resin clotted on the bark?

Join us for a highly entertaining evening that explores the lore and history of plant names.

Date: Wednesday, February 18

2

Time: 7:30 p.m.

Speaker: Patricia Patrick, AIFD, CAFA

Topic: Floral Extravaganza: Flowers in arrangements

Throughcommentsanddemonstration,PatriciaPatrickswillillustrateher ideasonnewtrendsinflower arranging. Shewilllookatnewdesignstyles and theories as theyrelate to the classics. Therewillbea strong emphasis on the use of color. In the course of the evening, she will put together several flower arrangements which will be raffled at the conclusion.

Patricia is a professional flower arranger and designer, contributing editorofCanadianFlorist,GreenhouseandNurseryMagazine,presidentofthe Canadian Academy of Floral Art, and teacher. She is involved with professional florists at the coming Canada Blooms Show.

Join usfor these memorable evenings. There is no charge to members ofthe Centre. Guests and the public are welcomeforan entrancefeeof$4, payableat the door.

TheEdwards Lecture Series is madepossibleby theEdwards CharitableFoundation. Manyof theprogramsoffered throughout theyeardealwithgardening,horticultureand theenvironment. However,theCivicGardenCentre isalsoaprimeresourcefor coursesandinformation relating to thefloral arts.

Supportthe Children s TeachingGarden

Attendthe CGC SockHop

Well | know thatyou're in love with him, cause | sawyou dancin in the gym. You both kicked offyourshoes; Hell, | love those rhythm andblues!

Don McLean, American Pie

Long before aerobics, when jogging was something you did to your memory; when the Four Seasons was a musical group, not the site ofyour next sales meeting; and when spandex was onlyfor super heroes, there was dancin in the gym .

Who can forget those thrilling days of sweaty palms, raging hormones, Clearasil, sock hops, And music you could actually dance to (none of this mash pit stuff): the Twist, the Mashed Potato, the Hully Gully, the Watusi, the Frug and, our personal favorite: the Funky Chicken!

So grab your sugar pie honey bunch , wipe away those tears of a clown , drive your Chevy to the levy (or your Lexus to the nexus ... whatever!) and spend an evening of chucking and jiving free from the prying eyes ofyour kids.

Beer, wine and pizza, dance contests, raffle.

Date: Friday, January 23, 7:30 p.m.

Place: Floral Hall, Civic Garden Centre To reserve, call (416) 397-1340

Cost: $75 per person (a $50 tax receipt will be sent to you)

Get a jump on spring!

Horticultural societies open house Saturday, February 21 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

The Civic Garden Centre invites you to a gardening information open house. Join members of more than 20 horticultural societies for a day of exhibits, gardening seminars, displays, demonstrations and lectures.

meet Art Drysdale

hear David Antolin, Royal Botanical Gardens, speak on Container Gardening

hear Frank Kershaw, Metro Parks & Culture, speak on Good Garden Ideas and 50 Favorite Must-have Plants for the Garden

visit the gardening information help desk staffed by the Master Gardeners. No question is too simple or complex.

visit the kids gardening corner

see the presentation on the Children s Teaching Garden Free admission. Scenesfrom the1997open house.

THE CIVIC GARDEN CENTRE

DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE presents a two-day Horticultural therapy training course

Instructor: Nancy Lee Colibaba, DHT

Saturday, February 28 and Sunday March 1

9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

Cost: members: $90

non-members: $110

The use of plants and plant-related activities improve the quality of life. Nancy Lee Colibaba is a horticultural technician who has been involved in horticultural therapy at theRoyalBotanicalGardensforthepast15years. Shehasdevelopedthistwo-daycourse whichwill provide anunderstandingofhorticultural therapy.

For further information, call: Sheila Smith , assistant horticulturist, (416) 397-1355.

Registration form:

To register: mail or fax (416) 397-1354 this fbrm to the Centre To reglsterby phone, ; call (416) 397-1340. Registration deadline: Friday, February 20.

ADDRESS

ARE YOU A MEMBER OF THE CIVIC GARDEN CENTRE? YES I:I NO D CGC MEMBERSHIP NUMBER

DATE TOTAL AMOUNT CHEQUE ENCLOSED (PAYABLE TO THE CIVIC GARDEN CENTRE) D

DATE

Seed starting: notes for beginners

By Anna Leggatt

The seed s function is to provide a new plant and to continue the species, perhaps lastingpastunfavorableconditions.Nearly everyseed willgrow, giventime. Wewant tohurrythingsupandnotwait1,200years like a lotus seed recently germinated. Whenyoureceiveyourseed,recordwhat you got. Label any seed packets that just have a number. Start a list ofwants. Start your germination record keeping. List each seed packet, where it grew and where it came from. Then whenyou plant your seeds, make a note of the date, what you used for soil and where you put the pots. Whenthe seedlingsstarttogrow,are transplanted and eventually flower, add these data. You will be able to repeat this easilyforsuccessfulgerminationnexttime or improve on unsatisfactory results.

I start many perennial, bulb and alpine seedsinJanuaryand February. Theeasiest way is to fill your clean, preferably sterile, containers with damp pro-mix or sterile soil mix. Firm gently. Put a label in and sprinkletheseedsontop. Ingeneral,cover the seeds with soil to the same depth as their size. Some, like many plants from waterandbogs,needlightandmustnotbe covered.Afew,likeviolas,musthavedark. I usually cover my seeds with aquarium gravel and hope that some are in the light and some in the dark, so I will get a few plants.Weprobablyneedfromthreetosix plantsforourselvestotryindifferentareas, and a fewforplant sales and someto give away. Unlessaplantisrare,orparticularly beautiful, Idon tusuallykeepmorethan12 seedlings of one kind.

Iputmypotsinflats,thenputthemina clear plastic bag and leave them in the shade outside. Do not put clay pots outside. As the weather warms up, I check every day and when seedlings start to ap-

pear,Iputtheminseparateflats,soIcanlet the air in and gradually harden them.

Some plants need a very well drained soil. You can use sand or a packed clay product called Turface. Thiscanbemixed with pro-mix or used by itself. I use it for plants from deserts and high inthemountains. I place the pots or cell packs in a flat without holes and I keep a tiny amount of waterin thebottom, so the seeds don t dry and also get plenty of air.

Istartannuals,vegetablesand perennialsindoorsunderfluorescentlights. Many perennials germinate easily, especially many campanulas and members of the snapdragon family. Keep the tops of the plants about 12cmbelowthelights. Do not use two of the new cool white bulbs. You should have at least 80 watts for about 16 hours. Don't start too early! I have had Campanula cashmeriana flowering indoors before I could plant it out!

You need to know thelastfrostdate for transplanting many annuals and vegetables. Infact, manyplantsneed awarmsoil and should not be transplanted outside until the soil warms up. Then check how manydaysarerecommendedbeforetransplanting to the garden. This gives you the date for planting the seeds. If you grow seeds on a window sill, start a bit later or you may have leggy plants.

Manythickcoated seeds,suchasmembersofthepeafamily,canbestartedinside. Rubthemwithsandpaperandthensoakin warmwaterfor24hours. Throwthewater away and then plant the seeds. If they haven t swollen, try sanding again. Use deep pots and transplant into the garden when the seedlingsare quite small.

(AnnaLeggattisaTorontoMasterGardener,a member of Garden Writers ofAmerica and a mad rockgardener.)

Plant listing: First annual C.G.C. seed exchange

The 97 season was colorful, sunny, hot, adequately wet and a great one for gathering seeds to share with other members. The seeds have come in fromalmost20 donors and they relistedhereforyoutochooseforyour1998garden. Orderinginstructionsareatthe end of the listing.

The following seeds are available to members.

Name: the scientific name is first, followed by the common name if different.

Color: the main color is noted.

Planttype: thefollowingshortformsidentifytheplanttype: AN=annual,BI=biennial, BU = bulb orbulb-like, CL= climber, HB = herb, PE = perennial, RO = rock garden, SH = shrub, VEG = vegetable, VI = vine.

Height: listed in centimetres.

Comments: any comments are followed by the donor s code.

Please note: We cannot guarantee that plants are true to name. Some plants, such as columbines, will cross with their neighbors.

Thank you to our18+ donors. Anon - no namewith seeds, Susan Dolbey (Dolb), Susan Dyer (Dyer), Phyllis Gains (Gain), Ruth Garnett (Garn),Mary Goeldner (Goel), Ruth Harvey (Harv),Anna Leggatt (Legg), Leslie Lynch (Lync), K.S. (Kay Sloan), Laura Manley (Manl), Iris Phillips (Phil), Norman Rogers (Rogr), Doris Saffrey (Saff), Sheila Smith (Smit), Ilse Stockwood (Stoc), B. Suddard (Sudd), Vivien Jenkinson (Jenk), Stephen Westcott-Gratton (West),Judith Wolfe (Wolf).

Good luck!

Seed list:

Anna Leggatt - Seed Exchange organizer

Agastache Premium Blue , mauve, PE, 75. West.

2. Alcea rosea, hollyhock, double pink, BI, 1.5m. Jenk.

3. Alcearosea,hollyhock,mixedpastels-champagne,pink,ivory,lavender,BI, 1.5m. Lync.

4, Alcea rosea, hollyhock, mixed pinks, BI, 1.5m. Some dark centres, others white. Legg.

5. Alcea rosea, hollyhock, yellow/peach, BI, 2m+. Sudd.

6. Alcea rugosa, hollyhock, yellow, PE, 2m. Dolb.

7. Alliumchristophii,lavender,BU,60. Lovelystarryglobe. Gooddried. Dyer, Legg, Phil.

8. Allium fistulosum, Welsh onion, PE, 30. Vegetable and/orornamental. West.

9. Allium Mount Everest , white, BU, 120. Good white gigantea type. Legg.

10. Allium tuberosum, garlic chives, white, BU, 30, sweet scented. Dolb.

11. Antirrhinum sp., snapdragon, mix, AN. Dolb.

12. Asclepias incarnata, swamp milkweed, pink, PE, 120. Legg, Lync.

13. Asclepias incarnata, swamp milkweed, white, PE 120. Dolb.

14. Aster frikartii Monch , blue, PE, 70-80. Stoc.

15. Aster novi-belgii, New England aster, purple, PE, 100. West.

16. Aster tanacetifolius, Tahoka daisy, blue with yellow centre, AN, 45. Anon.

17. Astrantia major, pale pink, PE. Dyer.

18. Agquilegia, columbine, blue, PE, 75, Legg.

19. Agquilegia, columbine, dark red, PE, 90, Gain.

20. Aquilegia, columbine, mixed, PE, 75. K.S.

21. Aquilegia canadensis, native columbine, orange and yellow, PE, 75, Legg.

22. Aquilegia chrysantha, yellow columbine, PE, 75, long spurs. Delicate. Legg.

23. Aubretia sp., white, PE. Dolb.

24. Balsam impatiens, mixed, AN, 60, pink, white and lavender. Jenk.

25. Calendula officinalis, pot marigold, orange, AN, 45. Jenk.

26. Campanula glomerata, clustered bellflower, blue, PE, 75. Garn.

27. Campanula latifolia var. macrantha, purple bellflower, purple, PE, 60. Border plant. Legg.

28. Cephalaria gigantea, yellow, PE, 2.5m, weird. Garn.

29. Chenopodium bonus-henricus, Good King Henry, green, HB, 40, ornamental or use as a vegetable. West.

30. Clematis tangutica, yellow, VI, 3m. Smit.

31. Clematis viorna, pink, VI, 2m, Thick urn shaped flower. Legg.

32. Coffea arabica, coffee, tender SH, to 5m. Smit.

33. Coreopsis Sun Ray , yellow, PE, 50, some may be double. Garn.

34. Crocosmia sp., red, BU, 100. Dolb.

35. Cucurbita pepo, ghost pumpkin, VEG/VI. Anon

36. Cymbopogon citratus, lemon grass, HB, tender. Anon.

37. Cynoglossum amabile, Chinese forget-me-not, blue, AN, 15, self seeds. Phil.

38. Daphne mezereum. February daphne, pink, SH, 75. Flowers end of March in Toronto. Legg.

39. Datura sp., lilac, AN, 30, short. Dolb.

40. Delphinium, dark blue, PE, 100. Rogr.

41. Delphinium, light blue, PE, 125. Gain.

42. Dianthus barbatus, sweet William, red, BI. Saff.

43. Dianthus barbatus, sweet William, scarlet, BI. Dolb.

44. Dianthus barbatus, sweet William, variegated soft pink, Bl. Saff.

45. Dianthus deltoides, pink, PE, 30. Dolb.

46. Dianthus deltoides Leuchtfunk , pink, PE, 30. ( Flashing Light ) Vibrant color. Dolb.

47. Dicentra alba, bleeding hearts, white, PE, 50, late spring bloom. Jenk.

48. Digitalis ferruginea, rusty foxglove, brown, BI/PE, 175. White tongue, brownish tube. Legg.

49. Digitalis grandiflora, perennial foxglove, yellow, PE, 80, self seeds. Dolb.

50. Digitalis lanata, wooly foxglove, white, BI/PE, 150. White tongue with browngold veining. Tight flower stalk. Legg.

51. Digitalis lutea, perennial foxglove, pale yellow, PE, 70. Harv.

52. Digitalis purpurea, foxglove, purple and white, BI/PE, 120. Mixed, varying heights. Harv.

53. Digitalis purpurea, white foxglove, white with dark spots, BI, 80-90. Stoc.

LA, 1 o 54. B8, 56. 57+ 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72, 73: 74. 75. 76. 77 78. ek 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 9% 92. 93. 94.

Dodecatheon meadia, sh fing star, pink/white, I 24. Harv.

Doronicum pardalianches, leopard s bane, yellow, PE, 90-100. Harv.

Echinacea purpurea, purple cone flower, pink/purple, PE, 110. Dolb, West.

Echinops ritro, globe thistle, blue, PE, 100-130. Spiny, spherical flowers. Goel, Phil, West.

Eremurus bungei, yellow, BU 100, Harv.

Eryngium alpinum, sea holly, silveryblue, PE, 100-130. West.

Eryngium planum, sea holly, blue, PE, 75. Dolb.

Eucalyptus rubida, tender. Anon.

Helianthus annuus, sunflower, autumn colors, but probably mostly yellow, AN, 1.3m. Lync.

Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus, day lily, yellow, PE, 100, syn H. flava, early. Dolb.

Hemerocallis, day lily, mixed. PE, 115, crossed tetraploid? Garn.

Heuchera Green Ivory , cream, PE, 50, large plant. Dolb.

Hosta sieboldii Elegans , mauve, PE, 60, large blue leaves. Legg.

Hosta sieboldii, mauve, PE, 60, large blue leaves. Dolb.

Hosta undulata, blue, medium sized, PE. Anon.

Impatiens, impatience, mixed, AN, 30. Jenk.

Incarvillea olgae, pink, PE, 75, hardy. Needs well drained lean soil. Legg.

Ipomopsis rubra, red, Bl, 150, dramatic spikes, ferny foliage. Legg.

Iris pseudacorus, water iris, yellow, PE, 100, wet places. Legg.

Iris siberica, blue, PE, 90, grow damp. Legg.

Knautia arvensis, field scabious, blue, PE, 50. West.

Kolkwitzia amabilis, beauty bush, pink, SH, 3m, masses of bloom late spring. Needs sun, well drained soil. Jenk.

Lathyrus latifolius, perennial sweet pea, pink, PE/VI. Anon.

Lathyrus odorata Matucana , deep maroon standard with orchid violet wing petals. (1699) AN/CL. Highly fragrant. West.

Lathyrus odorata, sweet pea, mixed pastel shades, some striped. AN/CL, 2m. Lync.

Lavandula sp., lavender, SH, 30, self seeds. Dolb.

Lavandula rose, pale pink, SH, 35. Pink lavender, ornamental herb. Jenk.

Lavatera thuringiaca, pink, PE, 45, bushy. Anon.

Lavatera thuringiaca, pink, PE, 75, bushy. Garn.

Lavatera sp., pink, PE, 150, single stalk. Garn.

Lavatera trimestris, pink/white, AN, 60. Harv.

Leucanthemum x superbum, shasta daisy. PE, 75. Anon.

Liatris spicata, gay feathers, pink, PE, 100. Legg.

Ligularia The Rocket , yellow, PE, 100-175, will grow in damp places. West.

Lilium martagon, white, BU, 100. Lovely Turk s cap lily. Stoc.

Lilium mixed, a real mixture oftypes. Smit.

Lobelia syphilitica, giant blue lobelia, blue, PE, 85, will grow in damp places. Jenk, West.

Lobelia syphilitica, giant lobelia, blue, rose and white, PE, 50. Garn.

Lunaria annua, silver dollar, purple, BI, 100. Jenk, Rogr.

Lupinus sp., peach, PE, 60. Dolb.

Lychnis coronaria alba, lambs ears, white, PE, 90, grey leaves. Dolb.

95. Lychnis coronaria, lambs ears, magenta, PE, 90, grey leaves. Dolb.

96. Lychnis yunnanensis, purple, PE, 75. Dolb.

97. Malva zebrina, lavender stripe, single flowers, AN, 1m. Lync.

98. Mirabalis jalapa, four o clocks, AN, 45. West.

99. Mizuna, Japanese greens. Anon.

100. Nicotiana alata, nicotine, white, AN, 100, fragrant in evening. Stoc.

101. Nicotiana sylvestris, white, AN. 1.5m, big leaves, drooping flowers. Dyer, Phil.

102. Nigella damascena, love-in-a-mist, blue, pink and white, AN, 30. West. -

103. Nigella damascena, love-in-a-mist, pink and blue, AN, 30. Dyer.

104. Onopordum acanthium, Scotch thistle, pink/mauve, BI, 2m tall x1m. Dramatic plant - soft grey wooly leaves. Great forbirds. Self seeds. Wolf.

105. Paeonia suffruticosa, tree peony, dark pink, PE/SH, 100+. Stoc.

106. Papaver orientalies, oriental poppy, orange-red, black centres, PE, 60. Lync.

107. Papaver orientalies, oriental poppy, red, PE, 60. Harv.

108. Papaver somniferum, double pink poppy, AN. Dyer.

109. Papaver, Himalayan poppies (?), mauve-purple, PE, 30-45, late July- Aug, ruffled light green leaves. Manl.

110. Papaver, Irish Poppy (?), pink like a powder puff. Strong plant, sometimes single. K. S.

111. Papaver, pink poppy, AN, 75. Rogr.

112. Papaver, poppy, lavender , mainly single. Some doubles. AN, 75. Lync.

113. Penstemon sp., beard tongue, blue, PE, 15, early. Dolb

114. Penstemon sp., beard tongue, lilac, PE, 30, spring. Dolb.

115. Penstemon sp., beard tongue, lilac, PE, 40, Legg.

116. Physalis alkekengi, Chinese lantern, whitish, PE, 80-100, dries. Rogr.

117. Physostegia virginiana Morden Beauty , obedient plant, pink, PE, 70. Harv.

118. Physostegia virginiana, obedient plant, white, PE, 75-110. West.

119. Primula - candelabra type, purple/pink, PE, 30. Harv.

120. Rudbeckia hirta, black-eyed Susan, yellow and black, PE (BI), 75-100. Rogr.

121. Ruta graveolens, rue, yellow, PE, 20, blue leaves, aromatic. Dolb.

122. Silene armeria, pink, AN, 75, self seeds, very bright. Dolb.

123. Symphyandra wanneri, blue, RO, 15. Lovely! Large down facing bells. Dies after flowering. Legg.

124. Tagetes, French marigold, yellow, AN. Rogr.

125. Tagetes patula JollyJester , French marigold, yellow, AN, 95, from 1870s. West.

126. Tomato Brandywine , antique, VEG. Anon.

127. Tomato Sunray , yellow fruit, VEG, 1.5m, thin skinned, mild, sweet taste, 78 days. Jenk.

128. Tragopogon porrifolius, salsify, blue, BI, 45, ornamental or vegetable. West.

129. Tropaeolum majus, nasturtium, red and yellow, AN. Rogr.

130. Tulipa sylvestris, yellow, BU, 35, bright starry flowers. Legg.

131. Veronica sp., speedwell, purple, PE, Mat, creeping plant. Dolb.

132. Veronica sp., speedwell, blue,PE, 50. Dolb.

133. Viola, pansy, blues, mauve, AN, 15. Jenk.

134. Coreopsis, yellow, PE, 50, double, Anon.

135. Dianthus sp., pink, PE, 1, Anon.

136. Papaver Danbrog , red/white, AN, Anon.

Order form:

DEADLINE: January 20, 1998

Please decide which seeds you want to order. You have up to 15 choices. Write the NUMBERS clearly in the box below, going across the page in ascending order. Fill in the rest of the form and send it, with $4.00, and an envelope, approx. 4.5" x 8.5" and a 90¢ stamp (ifyou want your seeds mailed) to:

CGC Seed Exchange, c¢/o Sheila Smith, assistant horticulturist, The Civic Garden Centre, 777 Lawrence Avenue East, North York Ontario, M3C 1P2. For questions, phone Sheila Smith, (416) 397-1355.

Don t send cash. Cheques should be payable to The Civic Garden Centre (seed exchange).

Keep yourmaster list. Your seed packets willjust have numbers on. Orders will be filled during the third week ofJanuary in the order they were received. Donors get first pick. Some seeds are in short supply so do not expect to get everything you order.

Your name:

Address:

Phone number:

Fax or e-mail:

D I am a donor

[ Please mail seeds

I enclose a stamped addressed envelope I will pick up seeds at the CGC

I enclose an addressed envelope for pick-up

I enclose $4.00 handling fee

I would like to help packaging seeds

For information on starting your seeds, see page 8 in this issue of Trellis. Also you can consultthe references in the CGC library, the Trellis Shop or take the Seed Starting Workshop see the course booklet in this issue.

ANADA BLOOMS

* Fabulous J * Garden feature marketplace gardens * Dream * Floral & Wedding horticultural display displays * International * Amateur & & national professional speakers competitions

Agape not a plant, or a fertilizer, but ...

ByJoy Reddy, memberand volunteer

Years ago, when I decided to re-channel my interests and energy, I focused on my garden, starting to transform it with a vengeance! Existing shrubs took on minimalist forms as they disappeared throughmypruningshearsandbedswere dug up with impunity. I found that I actuallylovedgrubbingaroundintheopen air: it felt wonderful, like freedom. But, once everything was trimmed and dugup ... what next?

Atriptothenursery,ofcourse,andthat was like standing before a cookie jar, because | wanted to take all those lovely plants home. However, it also made me realize that I was horticulturally challenged andthat swhenIturnedtocourses by Marion Jarvie and others at the CGC: the place that knows the business ofhorticultureand wants everyone to enjoyitas much as they do .

I'wasencouragedtobecomeavolunteer and it seemed that special events was a good place to start. Anne-Marie Van Nest andHelenCraigwerethehorticulturistsat thattimeandtheysharedtheirknowledge with unstinting patience at all the plant sales.

There was so much to learn; I thought thatIwouldneverbeabletodistinguishan osteospermumfromapetunia,nevermind remember their Latin names. Yet, I also learned that, just as with growing plants and creating a garden, this too required patience and perseverance.

You might wonder what all this has to dowithagape(pronouncedag a pay ). The word was recently used with reference to an agrologist who shared her knowledge and essentially her self because she so loved nature and her work. Agape is a Greek word for love not romantic love nor parental/filial love, but rather a sharing of the self within a community. This concept made me think of all the volunteersattheCentre;theonesImetwhenfirst I started out on my quest to become a Jekyllite, as well as the ones who help out anywhere and everywhere today, sharing their knowledge and their self to make theCGCawonderfulplacetobe...because theyallhavethesamepassionandcommitment.

This community, the home of our passion,isgoingthroughsomedifficulttimes, but I am convinced that agape will put it right again.

New

1998 rates

Trellis classified ads: 50¢ per word for members, $1 per word for non-members

Seventh Great Canadian Gardening Conference offered many connections

By Pleasance Crawford, member ofthe 1997 Conference Committee

Every two years the Great Canadian Gardening Conference rewards participants with fresh ideas, memorable images, friendly encounters, and renewed energy for gardening. The seventh, held in October,featuredspeakersdiscussingthetheme of Connectedness: From the Ground Up and the question, How do our gardens connect with nature, and how do we connect with nature through our gardens?

PhotographerFreemanPattersonbegan bysuggestingthatwefeeldeprivedofwildness and seek to connect with it through gardening. He illustrated his own search with exquisite slides exploring even the minutiae of his New Brunswick property soontobecomeaNatureConservancyof Canada reserve.

I'm finding more and more that I'm letting go, becoming less controlling, he observed of his gardening. He mows only to create inviting paths across lush wildflower meadows and towards lightly managed woodlands. He enjoys planting native species with cultivated perennials andviceversa. Heevenhelpswild cucumberclimbupthebackofhishouseandbarn, keepingitwithinlimitsbygivingseedlings to friends.

DavidBodanis,speakingwithoutslides, conjured up remarkably vivid images of our gardens little worlds, teeming with insectsandplantsthatconnectincountless unseen ways.

After the Second World War, he explained, many biologists used attack-andcounterattacktheoriestocharacterizesuch phenomena. Now, a more female view focusesonharmoniesarrivedatthrough a lovely co-evolution .

Bodanis examples were a small sam-

pling of his 1992 book The Secret Garden: how ants communicate; how aphids and roses achieve balance; how oak roots de-

Author Trevor Coleattended the conference. fendtheirturf;howbatsandmothsplaycat and mouse; and more. As promised, he presented a veritableCoronation Street of life in the garden.

BruceBlevins,inDeeplyDug: Connecting to the Heart of Garden Fertility, illustrated the principles ofbiodynamics as he applies them as head gardener at Lookout Farm in Massachusetts. There, in one acre ofgreenhouseand sevenofraisedbeds,he and 12 helpers produce vegetables, soft

Ann Milovsoroffand Terry McGlade ofthe conference committee.

fruits, herbs, and cut flowers throughout the year.

Growingbiodynamically,heexplained, involves knowing your soil and adding high-quality compost to make it a happy medium. Blevinsbuildscompostpiles at the entrance to the garden where people will see them, augmenting weeds and leftover produce with comfrey and stinging nettle grown for composting and with manurefrom the farm s ownchickensand sheep.

Topher Delaney, aSan Francisco-based landscape architect and installation artist, is known for her unusual approaches to gardendesign. Herpresentation,Spacefor theSpirit:SanctuaryGardens,wasatourof many of her firm s projects, including an intensely personal garden for a recently divorced client, the much-publicized rooftoplandscapefortheBankofAmerica building, and a newly completed garden for terminally ill children in San Diego.

Delaney connected with many in the audience when she stated one of the most critical questions to ask a client or oneself beforeembarkingonagardenproject: Wheredidyouspendthefirstsixyearsof your life?

Closertohome,landscapearchitectNeil Turnbull dreamed of establishing a nurserythatdidn trelyonchemicalsand plastics. In 1987he and his wifebought a farm near Sunderland, Ontario, and began an

ongoingprogramofthoughtfulland management and plant production. (Turnbull, like Blevins, recommended a spading machine or padge for preparing large areas.)

Today, Kalmia Farm has ponds, fields, and hedgerows burgeoning with wildlife, andnurseryrowswherepermanentplants andthosetobesoldareinterspersed.While many nurserymen strive for quantity and uniformity, Turnbull delights in growing unique individuals. Among his colorful examples werepeonies fromthe 100-yearold collection he acquired fromWally Gilbert of Elora.

SaraStein,asinherNoah'sGardenbooks, spoke of her experience in Pound Ridge, New York, where she and her husband bought a semi-rural property, groomed it, and thus madeituninhabitableforallthe creaturesthathad shared it. At first,Stein admitted, I didn t make the connection between more lawn and less life. She slowly realized, however, that we had to replant our land, . . . to create a landscape that was homeboth to us and to others.

During ten years of habitat restoration, songbirds herhealthy-landscapeindicator graduallyreturned. Weshouldthink ofourselves as hosts, she commented. If we provide the food, the drink, and the shelter, then we can sitback and enjoy the company.

Studying the defense systems of our

trees has been my whole life, Dr. Alex ShigoofDurham,NewHampshire,began. In his talk on Connections in Green Systems, he condensed his vast knowledge into a fewbasics: Planttreesgreen sideup and not too deep. Plant them in clusters and layers, with other members of their natural community. When pruning, don t cutthebranchcollar,don tpaint,anddon t dig out decay. Fertilize trees according to phenologicaldates.Don'tfertilizesicktrees. Mostimportantly,focustreatmentandcare on the entire green system trees, associated plants, soils, and fungi not just on some of its parts. Recognize the connections that support the well-being of that system.

AnnMilovsoroff, landscapearchitect at Hamilton s Royal Botanical Gardens, brought to the conference an overview of recent initiatives to restore nearby landscapes. She credited the Evergreen Foundation, the Ecological Resources Group, and similar organizations for assisting grassroots endeavors. Her examples included the Black Creek and Ossington Schoolwildernessprojects,theAlexWilson

Topher Delaney makes a point to Bruce Blevins and Geoffrey Dyer.

Community Garden, the Annex neighborhood' s tree inventory and planting days, and the Don Valley restoration projects all in Toronto; and, at the RBG, the creation of the Aquatic Native Plants Nursery, the restoration of Cootes Paradise, and construction of the Grindstone Marshes Trail. She observed that such undertakings,althoughbegunindependently, reveal a conscious and unconscious borrowingandsynchronicity stemmingfrom a growing and widely feltneed to connect with nature.

Thisheadytwo-dayeventendedwitha roundtable session that allowed speakers and members of the audience to connect yet again.

Conference Committee: Chair: Nancy Laurie Members: Terry McGlade, Craig Stubbs, Wendy Barrett, Carolyn Kearns, AnnMilovsoroff, Pleasance Crawford, Grahame Beakhurst, SusanDyer,DugaldCameron,IrisPhillips, Penny Arthurs, and Janet Davis.

A short garden checklist: January/February tasks

By Margaret Bennet-Alder

Indoors

* plant paperwhite narcissus in pebbles and water

* order seeds, plan garden layout

® mid-January: sowpansiesforAprilplanting and snapdragons for May planting

* force indoorblooms onbranches offruit trees, forsythia or magnolia

® end-January: sow verbena and snapdragon seeds forJune planting

¢ earlyFebruary: sowtrailinglobelia,eggplants, peppers and geraniums for June flowers

® sow collards, calendula and romaine lettuce

* prune leggy impatience and pelargoniums

For the love

* sow petunias and impatience

* root impatience stem tip cuttings in a peaty potting mix

* propagate pelargoniums by stem cuttings to plant outside in May. For successful rooting, start these off in the same pot as the parent geranium.

Outdoors

* layChristmas treebranches over perennial beds to protect fromJanuary thaw

® prune pear trees

Margaret Bennet-Alder is a member of the CentreandauthorofTheGardener sJournal and Source Book, 1998.

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Plants to stimulate you: coffee and tea

By Sheila Smith, assistant horticulturist at the Centre

On a cold January morning or just about anymorning,itiscomfortingtowakeupto afreshlybrewedcupofcoffeeortea. These twobeverages areverymucha partofour dailylives. Wedrivetoworkwithcoffeein hand, meet friends over coffee or tea and, of course, finish a great meal with a cup. Thechoicesofcoffeeandteaseemendless.

A scene in the movie L.A. Story illustratesthisrangeofchoices. SteveMartinis witha group offriends ina restaurantand the waitress is taking orders for coffee. Someone yells out, I'll have a cappuccino ; the nextyells, I'll have a decafcappuccino ;thenext, I'llhaveahalf-cafcappuccino with a twist of lemon ; and the next, I'll have a half-caf decafcappuccino with a twist of lemon on the side . Gads! Ourcuprunnethover! Wheredidwebegin with all these choices of coffee and tea?

Coffee, please

Coffea arabica is the name Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist, gave to the coffee plant that is indigenous to Ethiopia. There is an ancient legend that says an Ethiopian goatherder was the first to discover the upliftingpropertiesofcoffeewhenhefound hisgoatsveryagitated aftergrazingonthe leavesandberriesofthecoffeetree. Heate theberries and enjoyed the stimulative effect.

However, coffee was first cultivated in Arabia. The discovery ofbrewing coffee has been traced back to the 9th century whenthe Mufti ofAden was the first man todrinkcoffee. Avicenna,anArabianphilosopherand physician(980-1037) wasthe first to write a descriptionaboutthecoffee plant. TheMuslimsprized coffeesomuch that they drank it during their prayers in mosques.

Coffee was unknown in Europe until

the 17th century when Pietro della Valle broughtittoItalyin1615;ThevenottoParis in 1647; and Desclieux to Martinique in about1690. ItisDesclieuxwhowashonored for introducing the beverage to the Western world. By the 18th century, South America had become the center of coffee cultivation.

Thecoffeeshrubisevergreenandgrows betweentheTropicofCancerandtheTropic ofCapricornataltitudesbetweensea level and 6,000 feet. Withtheright combination of sun, shade and rain a coffee shrub takes fiveyearstoproducethecherriesthatcontain the coffee beans. The berries of the coffeetreeareverysimilartocranberriesin appearance. Eachberrycontainstwoseeds whicharedried,aged,roastedandground to the form we purchase in the grocery store. The fresher the beans, the better the coffee.

The leaves are dark, glossy green and firmin texture. The flowers are lightlyfragrant and star-like and borne on short pedicels. Initsnativehabitat, therearetwo to three crops and lots of large flowers. There are two kinds of coffee, arabica androbusta. Arabicaisthesuperiorofthe twoandrepresents75percentoftheworld s coffeeproduction. Itgrowsonhighplains at altitudes above 4,000 feet while robusta growsataltitudesrangingfromsealevelto 4,000 feet.

The flavor of the coffee beans is alsodetermined by subtle differences in soil, humidity, temperature, and growing and preparation techniques from region to region. Anotherdifferencebetweenthetwo types is that arabica coffees have between 80to100mgofcaffeinepercupandrobusta coffees can have up to 150 to 170 mg per cup.

InCanada,61 percentofthepopulation

drinkcoffeeatleastonceaweekwith52per cent drinkingcoffee ona dailybasis. Coffee represents 18 per cent of all beverages consumed in Canada, second only to tap water. Canada imported 115.7 million kg ofunroasted greencoffeein 1996. Thefive leading countries of origin are Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, Guatemala and Vietnam.

A gentleman who came into the HorticultureDepartmenttoaskabouthiscoffee treepromisedtodropoffsomebeansfrom his tree. I have put them in the seed exchange for any interested people to try.

Tea, please

ThecultivationofTheasinensis orproperly called Camellia thea, tea, has been dated to prehistoric times inChina andJapan. Tea isfirstmentionedintheChinesedictionary as Cha inAD350. Itisnotsurprisingthen thattheteapotaswellasteacupandsaucer originated inthe orient. Thecultivationof tea in India and Ceylon only started in the 19th century. It is nativeto northern Thailand, East Burma, Assam, Yunnan, upper Indo-China and parts ofIndia.

Alldifferentkinds oftea come from the sameCamellia thea (otherthanherbalteas). Teacanbeclassified intothreemaintypes: black, green and oolong. Black tea is the result of sun-drying the leaves, slightly crushing them and then allowing them to ferment. They are then fired to end the fermentation process. Green tea is sun dried and then fired with no fermentation period. Oolongtea is sun dried for a short period of time before it is fired at a higher temperature.

Thereareover3,000varietiesofteafrom aroundtheworldandtheytaketheirnames fromdistrictsinwhichtheyaregrown: for example,Assamtea,CeylonteaorChinese tea. Thenameorangepekoeactuallyrefers to the size ofthe leaf and not the flavor or quality of tea. These are the youngest opened leaves that are picked.

The leaves of the Camellia thea are nar-

row, 10 cmlongand pale green. The flowers are nodding small, single and white, similar to those of the white cinnamon roses. In the wild the Camellia thea grows over 30 feet tall. In tea plantations, the tea bushesareprunedtoaheightoffourtosix feet tall. It takes five pounds of fresh tea leaves to make a pound of processed tea leaves. One would need to grow quite a few tea plants to gather this many leaves. We may as wellleave itup to the tea plantations.

Tea leaves develop distinctive flavors thataredeterminedbyanumberoffactors of cultivation. Only the immature leaves areusedforchoiceteaandsometimesleaves onthesameplantcanvary. The treatment which follows harvesting gives much of the flavor, too. The older tea leaves are used to make the less expensive brands of teawhicharehighintannins.Thesetannins do not accumulate in the younger leaves and shoots.

As with coffee, teas vary according to where they are grown. Differences in the soil,elevationandclimateaffecttheoverall taste and appearance of the tea leaves. (continued on page 22)

Teaandcoffeehavegreatsignificancein our society today. There are many myths andlegendssurroundingtea. TheChinese used tea as a herbal remedy and it was believed to ensure longevity. After the Britishlevied huge taxes on tea in 1773, all tea was dumped into the harbor at The Boston Tea Party. It wasn t long until Americanindependenceallowedthedrinking of tea again. As well, the extravagant pricesofcoffeeanditsharmfuleffectshave notkeptusfromcravingthatmorningcup of coffee. From Second Cup, Timothy s Coffee, Starbucks, Tim Horton s, and CoffeeTimetonamea few, we canalwaysget our fix.

Sources:

Market Facts of Canada Ltd. 1996 and Statistics Canada

Narcotic Plants by W. Emboden Encyclopedia ofMedicinal Plants

A Plantsman s Guide to Camellias David Trehane by

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ChelseaFlowerShow,Kew,Wisley,13top private and public gardens and two large nurseries on England and Wales Gardener s Tour, May 18 to June 2, 1998. Garden writer escorted. Call Uptown Travel, Waterloo, Ontario (800)667-0803. E-mail: Uptown@Sympatico.ca

propagatefrom this?

A. Yes, this succulent will root quite easily. You can use single beads ortrythestring.Allowthepiece(s)todryoff

Q. Mystringofbeads (Seneciorowleyanus)hasgrownwell, but now one of the strings has fallen awayfrom the pot. Can I to form callus, then place them on the surface of cactus String ofBeads' is easily pottingmixandkeepitslightlydampina warmplaceuntil rooted from a broken-off fresh growth appears. stem.

Q. Ihave been usingpressurized treated lumber to make raisedflower bedsforsomeyears, andIwonder ifit is havingan adverse effect on the plants?

Pressure-treated lumber may have arsenic use only for flower beds.

A. There are several materials in use for pressure-treatinglumber. Thosecontainingcreosote or pentachlorophenol are not suitable for gardeningpurposes(especiallynotforgrowingvegetables) although they provide the best protectionagainstrot.Butlumberwhichhasbeentreated withchromatedcopperarsenate(CCA)issafeto use for flowers. Most of the wood for domestic use has this treatment. There s an article about thistopicinthejournalHorticulture,March, 1991.

Q. Isavedsomeseedsfrom theeast coastduring a visit five years ago. Would they germinate if I planted them now?

A. You could makea trial run, to test them. Take a paper towel, moisten it thoroughly, place the seeds on it, then roll it up and place itin a plasticbag (sothat it staysmoist). Keep 9 itina warmspot,perhapsontopoftherefrigerator and inspect it every day. If the seeds start to grow, plant them in a sterile soil-less Test seeds for germination by rolling up mixthat smoistandwarmandkeepthepotin ih a damp paper towel. a good light.

Thanks to Vivien Jenkinsonfor illustrations.

Gardening questions? Call the Master Gardeners Infoline (416) 397-1345 weekdays, 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. weekends and holidays, noon to 3:00 p.m.

The evolution of a gardener

How many ofus will recognize ourselves in this reflective essay?

By CharMontgomery

It starts out slowly, but it s insidious. The firstyear, you stop by the local supermarketandbringhometworedgeraniumsand a coupleofpacks ofwhite petunias. Planting them on either side of the front steps, you water them whenever you happen to remember. They still manage to survive and provide some color to the front yard.

The second year, you get a few more geraniums, a flat ofpetunias and you pick upacoupleofhangingbasketsandabagof super soil as well. This time, you spend a little time preparing the bed and you haveto paymore attentionto watering (as the plants will droop, otherwise).

Come the third year, you're tired ofthe red and whitecombination, so insteadyou go to a garden centre, which has a wider selection. Looking over the plants, you pick up a couple of flats of zinnias and dwarf marigolds. Somehow, several evergreen shrubs find their way into your car trunk as well. You figure that way there will be some color around the porch all yearlong anddon tforgetthosehanging baskets.

During the winter, you decide to take a few gardening books out of the library. Neverhurtstolearnalittlemoreaboutthe subject. You find out that you 'd better do somethingtoenrichthesoil. Alsothereare greatcolorpicturesofflowersyou venever

heard of that really look pretty. Making a note to look for them at the nursery in the spring, you figure out that you'll have to extend that flower bed near the porch and maybe get a small tree for the lawn. The fourth season, you take your plant wishlist to thenurseryandbringhome some nemesia, nicotiana and lobelia, as wellasthemarigoldsandzinnia. Youpick upa fewbagsofmanureandpeatmoss, as wellasanornamentalcrabapple. Thebed doubles in size, but what a show of color! Stoppingatthenurseryinthefall,youfind their display of bulbs. In go the tulips, daffodils and crocus.

That winter, more reading. Maybe a few reference-type books, something like The Garden Primer or The Complete Guide to Gardening.

Subscribe to Canadian Gardening. You missworkingwithplants,soyoubuyafew indoor ones, a nice ficus maybe, and a couple of pothos to train around the window.

Fifthyear. Thecostofbuyingannualsis becoming expensive, so you pick up a selection ofperennials astilbes, heuchera,

hostas and a couple of peonies. Start another bed around the patio in the back yard. Decoratethepatiowithcontainersof brightly colored annuals. You start a compost pile beside the garage.

That winter you join the local garden society, maybe even enter your pothos in their February show. Your library forays branch out into reading about other gardeners. You become familiar with names like Nichols, Lacey, Verey, Chatto and Lloyd. You feelyou're referring more and more to plants by their Latin botanical names.Moregreeneryforinsidethehouse: ferns,cactusandmaybeeventryanorchid. Seed catalogues pile up inJanuary.

Sixth yearsees you build a trellis in the backyard,plantedwithclematisandroses. Moreperennialswithnamesofmanysyllables: gypsophila, euphorbia, thalictrum, kniphofia. You spend more time at the nursery,lookingforthatparticularcultivar you read about. There s alway something new. Theflowerbedsgetbigger,thelawn

gets smaller and your fingernails never seemtobe clean, nomatterhowhard you scrub.

Topass thewintermonths,you signup for a landscaping course at the local communitycollege.Buymorehouseplants,start more annuals from seed, investigate the cost ofadding a greenhouse to theback of yourhome. Thegardensocietyasksyouto join the executive.

Seventh year. Now you remember to pronounceGertrude Jekyll 'snametorhyme withtreacle,notMr. Hyde's alterego. You start saving your money for a trip to England, to visit Hidcote and Sissinghurst. Neighbors ask your advice about what to plant in their front yard. Your garden is includedonthelocalgardentour.Theevolution is now complete you're a gardener.

CharMontgomeryis aMasterGardener. This articlefirstappeared in theMaster Gardeners newsletter.

A Civic Garden Centre history

This 45-page book about the Centre, edited by Elizabeth M Bryce, is available at the Trellis Shop. Can also be purchased by mail. Price, $5, includes postage and handling. Please make cheque payable to The Garden Club of Toronto and mail to The Garden Club of Toronto, 777 Lawrence Avenue East, North York, ON M3C 1P2.

Please send me each.

Name copies of the Civic Garden Centre history at $5

Address

Meet Milne House garden club

ByHazel Denning

Peopleoftenask: WhatprojectsaremembersofMilneHouseinvolvedin? Whatare theobjectivesoftheclub? Hereisa short overview.

History and activities

Theclub started inApril, 1967, andtookits nametoperpetuatethememoryofAlexander Milne who was the original owner of theEdwardsGardensproperty. Ourheadquarters are in the Civic Garden Centre building.

As a garden club, our main focus is on thingshorticultural,butwedon tstopthere. Our nine monthly meetings include inhouse shows, featuring horticulture and floral designs, and talks covering a wide variety ofrelated subjects. In the past year MarjorieMason-HoguetalkedtousonforcingbulbsandRosalieMcInnisfromLouisiana interpreted creative floral designs . At these meetings, a dedicated group of members runthe corner store wherewe sellitemsandplantsdonatedbymembers. Proceeds aid the club s projects.

We also hold workshops through the year where members learn about a wide variety of horticultural topics: floral design and how to build a terrarium being two recent subjects.

Outreach

Members assist Ronald McDonald House onDundasStreetwithplantingandmaintainingthefrontandpatiogardens.In1993, Milne House members furnished an outdoorpatiointhenewGerrardStreetRonald McDonald Housewhereresidentsrelaxin pleasant surroundings.

The outreach program also includes bursaries to studentsatTheNiagara Parks Commission School of Horticulture. Our latest outreach goal is to become involved

with the Sauriol Foundation s Milne Hollowconservationproject:anexcitingrestoration and preservation of the early pioneer site, situated south of Lawrence Avenue, east of the Don Valley Parkway. From spring to fall, members create a variety of crafts, decorate Christmas trees, preparefloraldesigns,collectanddryplant materials, make preserves, candles and baked goods. Theitemsare sold atMistletoeMagicandtherevenueisdonatedtothe CivicGardenCentre soperatingexpenses. Overtheyearswehavepresentedfashion and flower shows for the public s enjoyment and given instruction on creating Christmas arrangements at our Christmas with Milne House workshops. We take bus tours to gardens and points of interestaroundtheprovince. Ourtalented floraldesignershaveexhibitedattheAGO s ArtinBloom ,TheGardenClubofToronto s CanadaBlooms ,TheChelseaFlower Showand theinternationalWAFA(World Association of Flower Arrangers) show in Toronto in 1993. Our lively newsletter keeps all members informed of activities. The club is limited to 150 active members. If we seem like a group you would enjoy, call for membership information: (416) 443-9583.

New books in the Trellis Shop

Dirr s Hardy Trees and Shrubs: An Illustrated Encyclopedia

By Michael A. Dirr, Timber Press, 1997, $97.00

Thehighlyanticipatedandmust-haveresourcebyMichaelDirrhas finallyarrivedattheTrellisShop! Thislavishlyillustratedencyclopedia describes the best woody plants from Abeliophylum to Zenobia adaptedtocoolerclimates,showinghabitanddetailsof morethan500species,andincludingsome700additionalcultivars andvarieties. Thesuperbphotographsthatillustrateeachlisting havebeen chosen from the best ofDirr s enormous slide collection that he acquired over 25 years.

Readers Digest A-Z Encyclopedia Of Garden Plants

By Christopher Brickell, Judith Zuk, Trevor Cole, editors-in-chief,

1997, $79.95

Written by a team of over 40 internationally recognized professional and amateur horticulturists, this encyclopedia is aninvaluable sourceofinformationand inspiration. The encyclopedia contains over 15,000 detailed plant profiles arranged alphabetically by botanical name. It crossreferencescommonnamesandsynonymstohelpthereader find plants quickly. This latest addition to the collection of Readers Digest publications makes an excellent companion tothewell-knownPracticalGuideto Gardeningin Canada. This remarkable text outweighsHortusIII! Imagine!

Entertaining

By Malcolm Hillier, Little, Brown and Company, 1997, $39.95

The followers of Malcolm Hillier will be thrilled to enter Malcolm s elegant world of entertaining. The author offers tantalizing gourmet menus and stylish presentation ideas that use tableware, linens, flowers, crafts, and lighting, for every occasion. The latest addition to Malcolm' s collection isvisuallystunning,withgorgeousphotographycombined with a beautiful and well-organized layout. Entertaining contains easy-to-follow instructions and sumptuous recipes that are sure to impress.

(continued on page28)

A Painter s Garden: Cultivating the Creative Life Reflections and paintingsby Christine Walker, Warner Books, 1997, $22.95

The fresh voice and inspired artistry of Christine Walker come together in this debut collection, which celebrates the creative process. The author combines insightful anecdotes, observations, personal journal entries, and reflective essays with a gallery of lush paintings to create a beautiful book. As an allegoryfor artistic creation, thebook follows the progression § of the gardening cycle, from claiming the territory and tilling S8¢ the soil to nourishing growth, celebrating the bounty, and ° ultimately letting go . Drawing from her experience as artist, . gardener, and mother, Walker weaves a narrative that is touching, witty and enlightening.

Trellis book shop offers personal service

TheCentre sTrellisbookshophasover1,500titlesinstock;specialordersarefilledonany bookinprint. Call (416) 397-1359 or397-1357toplaceyourorder. Youmayalsofaxyour order to (416) 397-1354. We will give your request VIP attention and your order will be filledaspromptlyaspossible. Membersreceivea 10% discountonmostbookpurchases.

5th Annual Canadian

Garden & Flower Show

THESHOW FOR GARDENERS &J |

Open the gardening season at Success with Gardening, the must-see show for practical, hands-on gardening!

Over200 friendly exhibitors share their knowledge and experience with you. Plusthousands of plant and gardening products are on display to see and buy bulbs, seeds, hard-to-find plants, tools, plant care products, garden decor, accessories, gifts, books, magazines and more!

AlsoFreewithAdmission: March20-22,1998

¢ Seminarswith headline speakers: TheInternationalCentre, 6900 AirportRd.,Mississauga Helpful hints, great advice from experts! Friday& Saturday 9330 am-9:30 pm iday urday -9:

® Display gardens: Inspiring ideas! Sunday 9:30am-6pm

® Treasured Blossoms: OHA s Plant and Adults: $9 Seniors & Students: $7 Flower Arranging Competition. Children (6-12): $4 (5 & underfree)

¢ Enter for a chance to win an ECO Advance group tickets (20 or more): $5 per person adventure in Costa Rica via Gateways For information orto order advance tickets International, compliments of the call (905) 881-5708, fax (905) 881-1576. UL JUCRICTAD THETORONTOSTAR 4 Web site: www.oak.net/shobiz

Coming events at the Centre

January 3

® Orchid judging centre, 1:00 p.m. 4

® Southern Ontario Orchid Society, meeting, 1:00 p.m. 11

® Ontario Rock Garden Society, meeting, 1:30 p.m. Speaker: MarianJarvie. Topic: Plants ofWestern China, part one 12

® Toronto Bonsai Society, meeting, 7:00 p.m.

® Southern Ontario Orchid Society, newcomers meeting, 7:00 p.m. 13

* North Toronto Horticultural Society, meeting8:00p.m. Speaker:MarionJarvie. Topic: Rock gardening 20

e Toronto Cactus and Succulent Club, meeting, 7:30 p.m. 21

® Edwards Evening, 7:30 p.m. Speaker: Bill Casselman. Topic: Canadian Garden Words 22

® Canadian Chrysanthemum and Dahlia society, meeting, 7:00 p.m. 23

® Civic Garden Centre sockhop 25

® Rhododendron Society, meeting, 2:00 p-m. 27

® Toronto Potters, meeting, 7:00 p.m.

February : 1

e Southern Ontario Orchid Society, meeting, 1:00 p.m.

i 7

® Orchid judging centre, 1:00 p.m.

8

® Ontario Rock Garden Society, meeting, 1:30 p.m. Speaker: Barrie Porteous. Topic: Primulas

® Geranium and PelargoniumSociety, meeting, 2:00 p.m. 9

® Toronto Bonsai Society, meeting, 7:00 p.m. 10

* North Toronto Horticultural Society, meeting,8:00p.m.Speaker: CraigStubbs. Topic: Hostas 1

e [kebana International Chapter # 208, meeting, 7:30 p.m. 16

® Mycological Society, meeting, 7:00 p.m. 18

* Edwards Evening, 7:30 p.m. Speaker: Patricia Patrick, Topic: Floral extravaganza: flowers in arrangements 21

* HorticulturalSocietiesopenhouse,10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 24

* Toronto Potters, meeting, 7:00 p.m. 26

® Canadian Chrysanthemum and Dahlia Society, meeting, 7:00 p.m. 28, March 1

® Horticultural therapy training course. Instructor: Nancy Lee Colibaba, DHT

Art in The Link

January 7 to January 26: Shahla Andrews

The Trellis Shop

Gardening in January... In Ontario? Of course!

Now is the perfect time to plan your garden for the coming season. To assist in your planning, the Trellis Shop carries over 100 titles in garden design.

The topics include: container gardening, garden designs from around the world, landscaping design, rooftop gardens.

Remember us when shopping for birthdays, anniversaries, or for Valentine s Day.

See you soon!

Members receive a 10% discount on most purchases. All proceeds from the Trellis Shop help support the Civic Garden Centre.

The Civic Garden Centre, founded in 1963, is a volunteer based, not-for-profit organization whose mission is to act as a central resource for gardening, horticulture and allied environmental issues by encouraging interest; promoting involvement; and gathering, disseminating and interpreting information in order to enhance the quality of life for members of the community.

Located at Edwards Gardens, the Civic Garden Centre offers many programs, including year round activities for families and children. Our horticulture library has over 8,000 books and other publications. Horticultural Information Services offer free gardening information year round and the Trellis Shop has many gifts, books and gardening supplies for sale.

~ Registration Information ~

Procedure:

The start date for registration forWinter/Spring 1998 courses is Monday January 5, 1998. All courses have a registration deadline, after which no more registrations will be accepted, so register early for best selection.

You may register by phone at 416-397-1340, Fax at 416-397-1354 or you may mail a completed registration form to The Civic Garden Centre: Course Registrations, 777 Lawrence Ave. East, North York, Ontario, M3C 1P2. Fees may be paid by Visa, MasterCard, cheque or cash. Course fees include GST. Registrations are taken on a first-come, first-serve basis. There will be a waiting list for those who wish to enroll in courses which have been filled.

Cancellation, Notification and Refunds:

No confirmation of registration will be sent out, so please make note of the courses for which you have registered.

Courses may be canceled one week prior to their start date, due to lack of enrollment. In this case, students will receive a full refund.

Students who must drop out of a course once it has begun, for whatever reason, will be charged a $25.00 administrative fee against their tuition refund, but only until the second class. There will be no refunds given after the third class. There will be no refunds for students who have attended a full course.

~ Membership Advantages ~

Join the Civic Garden Centre and learn more about gardening and horticulture, Canada s favourite passion. Some ofthe services we offer are:

Borrowing privileges from one of Canada' s finest horticultural libraries

Year-round master Gardener information line

Trellis newsletter to keep you informed

Edwards lecture series

Gardening courses, and workshops for adults and children

The Trellis Shop: garden supplies, plants, gifts and books

Seasonal plant sales

Membership Fee: $30. for Single or $40. for Family

Winter 1998 ~ Gardening

Innovative Plantscaping IPG02

Instructor: Marion Jarvie

Get ready for the gardening season by taking a critical look at your garden and plan for success. Organize your garden into various planting zones, depending on sun or shade, front or back yard, tricky spots. Learn what to plant in these various areas for maximum effect in terms of colour, shape and texture. By the end of the course you will be ready to visit your favourite nurseries with a shopping list in hand. This course can be taken on its own or as a follow-up to our Fall 1997 course: Landscape Design For The Homeowner. (Maximum registration 30)

Day/Time: Tuesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Jan 27, Feb 3,10, Mar 3,10

Course Duration: 5 weeks - 1 evening/week

Registration Fee Members: $75. Non Members: $90

Registration Deadline: Jan 20

Landscape Estimating LEGO05

Instructor: Ron Swentiski

For those who have designed their own landscape plan or had one commissioned, this course will guide you in the process of building it. You will learn to interpret your plans, determine quantities of materials needed in order to cost the project, and source out the materials. You will also gain an understanding of how structures within a landscape design are built. At the end of this course, you should be able to estimate the cost of construction for your landscape as well as understand contractors' pricing. (Maximum registration 30)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Jan 28, Feb 4, 11

Course Duration: 3 weeks-1 evening/week

Registration Fee Members: $45. Non Members: $50.

Registration Deadline: Jan 21

Seed Starting Workshop SWC09

Instructor: Anna Leggatt

Annuals, perennials, vegetables and herbs from seed offer enough diversity to meet the needs of every gardener. This course is a hands on approach to learning the techniques that lead to successful seed starting indoors. Be ready to get your hands dirty and then take home a few pots of new and unusual varieties. Materials included in course fee.

Day/lime: Monday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Feb9

Course Duration: 1 evening

Registration Fee Members: $20. Non Members: $25.

Registration Deadline: Feb 2

From Here to Florida - A Garden Adventure FAG12

Instructor: Frank Kershaw

For those planning a trip south this Spring, this course is for you. Frank Kershaw has made this journey many times and had the pleasure of visiting and photographing hundreds of gardens along the way. Join Frank as he showcases some fabulous garden opportunities that await the traveler who is willing to travel a little way off the freeway to experience some real garden treasures. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Feb 17

Course Duration: 1 evening

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Feb 10

Winter 1998 ~ Gardening

Water and Irrigation WIG13

Instructor: Lorne Haveruk

Water is one of the most important elements for gardening success. The need for water differs from season to season and soil type. If you are planning an irrigation system for your garden, this course will give you detailed information about the different systems available (from drip irrigation to sprinklers), an understanding of hydraulics, sensors, and other equipment, as well as installation procedures, cost estimating and winterizing. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 9:30 pm

Date(s): Feb 18, 25

Course Duration: 2 weeks - 1 evening/week

Registration Fee Members: $30. Non Members: $35.

Registration Deadline: Feb 11

100 Must Have Garden Plants GPG14

Instructor: Frank'Kershaw

Gardeners are alw. o) presence. Join Fr@ a he shares his love of horticulture and top one hundred must hav es, i design functions ai( i registration 35) W

Day/Time: Wednesday 7:00Date(s): Mar4

Registration Fee Members: $15.

Registration Deadline: Feb 25

Course Duration: 1 evening

Non Members: $20.

Water Sculpture Workshop WSG15

Instructor: Irene Wittman

Learn to design and install a water fountain for indoor and/or outdoor use at a fraction of the cost and maintenance of a pond. Through actual practice, you will learn to assemble a water pump and set it in a display that is ideal for small spaces such as a balcony, solarium or deck. The instructor will discuss techniques, materials and sources for obtaining them. Such a water feature can be implemented on any budget. Some materials will be available for purchase. No material fee. Bring a note book. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Thursday 12:30 - 4:30 pm

Date (s):Mar 5

Registration Fee Members: $25.

Registration Deadline: Feb 26

Course Duration: 1 day

Non Members: $30.

Growing Gourmet Vegetables GVG16

Instructor: Anna Leggatt

Add a little exotica to your garden and dinner table. Many unusual vegetables and fruits are expensive to buy but easy to grow. Learn where to get seeds or plants, how to grow them and how to use them. Many of these vegetables can be grown in flower beds or containers. Samples will be available for tasting and recipes will be provided. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Monday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Mar9

Registration Fee Members: $15.

Registration Deadline: Mar 2

Course Duration: 1 evening

Non Members: $20.

Winter 1998 ~ Botanical Art & Crafts

Intermediate and Continuing Watercolour WCB01

Instructor: Ita Pechenick

Through demonstrations, practice and indi skills of washes, wet and dry papg experimenting with light and % z : elements. Bring water you have. (Maximum

Day/Tjme

idlal assistance, you will expand your jques, negative painting, glazing, and d composition and design

Course Duration: 7 weeks- 1 day/week

Date(s): Jan 26, E 29, 16 23, Mar 2,9

Registration Fee Members $115. Non Members: $135.

Registration Deadline: Feb 19

Drawing: Beginner and Continuing DRB03

Instructor: James Spencer \ This course will take the fe kpressing-yourself on paper by developing a perception of form.s i f is suitable for both beginners and those with some_experien >as e uation of the Fall course. Bring any drawing material and-paper your have. (Maximum registration 15)

Day/Timé: Tuesdays 1:00 - 4:00 pm

Course Duration: 7 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Jan 27, Feb 3,10,17,24, Mar 3,10

Registration Fee Members: $115. Non Members: $135.

Registration Deadline: Jan 20

Calligraphy CAB04

Instructor: Cherryl Moote

An opportunity for both beginning and experienced calligraphers to learn and develop the elegant sophisticated italic calligraphic hand, using both lower and upper case letters. Materials for first class will be provided by the instructor. Material list for future classes will be provided in first class. (Maximum registration 15)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 9:30 am-12 noon Course Duration: 6 weeks - 1day/week

Date(s): Jan 28, Feb 4,11,18,25. Mar 4

Registration Fee Members: $80. Non Members: $95.

Registration Deadline: Jan 21

Painting with Wool PWB06

Instructor: Frances Key

Become inspired by the rich colours of your garden and create a wonderful knitted vest that becomes a wearable work of art. S udents a number of colour theory exercises to understand compleme y-and temarycolours, spl|t complemen-

effect. Bring with you any-t 6 1/2 mm). Materia

oot Iengths that create a multi coloured 0 remnants you have and knitting needles (5 1/2mm or fee ($40) is includedin course fee. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Thursdays 9:30 am - 12:30 pm Course Duration: 7 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Jan 29, Feb 5,12,19,26,Mar 5,12

Registration Fee Members: $155. Non Members: $175.

Registration Deadline: Jan 22

Winter 1998 ~ Botanical Art & Crafts

Acrylics and Oils: Beginner and Continuing AOBO07

Instructor: James Spencer

A step-by-step acrylic and oil painting demonstration, individual attentior~and critjgtie; about bu and using materials, drawing, colour mixing and-e6mposition. discussed. This coursg-s suf bIe{zybé gin ers as-Well as those with some experience. Bring any materials @ y have, pencil and paper. Material list will be provided at first class (Materials approx.$80) (Maximum registration 15)

Day/Time: Fridays 1:00 - 4:00 p

Course Duration: 7 weeks - 1day/week

Date(s):Jan 30, Feb 6,13,20,27,Mar 6,13

Registration Fee Members: $115. Non Members: $135.

Registration Deadline: Jan 23

Paper Marbling

Instructor: Shelagh Smith

For anyone who loves to play with colour and |

PMBO08

in order to develop an eye for colou mordants, papers and other mdteri vill create several sheets of marbled paper 7) is included in the course fee. Bring with you an apron or smock, notebook and pén, and lunch. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Monday & Tuesda

Date(s): Feb2,3

10:00 am - 4:00 pm

Course Duration: 2 days

Registration Fee Members: $98. Non Members: $113.

Registration Deadline: Jan 26

Aromatherapy and Wellness (Continuing) AWB10

Instructor: Liz Kirk

A continuation of the Fall aromatherapy course, this session will explore in depth some of the most important essential oils for stress management and skin care. You will also learn the creative art and science of blending essential oils and will have the opportunity to blend an oil for your personal use during the workshop. Some prior knowledge of aromatherapy would be useful. Material fee ($15.) is included in course fee. (Maximum registration 12)

Day/Time: Thursday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Feb 12

Course Duration: 1 evening

Registration Fee Members: $30. Non Members: $35.

Registration Deadline: Feb 5

Herbal Medicine

Instructor: Roger Lewis

HMB11

Back by popular demand, Roger Lewis will give a brief review of the classes of herbs used in Western herbal medicine and then delve into detail about specific uses, dosages, contraindications and combinations of many popular herbs. Come prepared with your questions for this very knowledgeable instructor. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Mondays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Feb 16, 23

Course Duration: 2 weeks - 1 evening/week

Registration Fee Members: $30. Non Members: $35.

Registration Deadline: Feb 9

Spring 1998 ~ Gardening

Classical Garden Design CDG18

Instructor: Nancy Lawrence

Explore the concepts of a classical formal garden design. Through lecture and slides of Parkwood Estate, learn what elements are crucial to achieve this look and how to maintain it. Demonstrations on how to make a carpet bed as well as how to plant a successful hedge for your formal look will also be discussed. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Monday 7:00 - 9:30 pm Course Duration: 1 evening

Date(s): March 23

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20. Registration Deadline: Mar 15

Shade Gardening Series

Shade gardening is of particular concern to most Toronto gardeners because of the abundance of mature trees. Three expert gardeners will share their ideas on shade gardening. Marion Jarvie, well known horticulturist, will talk about shrubs and trees for the shade. Craig Stubbs, a founding member of the Ontario Hosta Society, will present a lecture on hostas and other foliage plants. Valerie Ward, owner of Buds, will share her expertise on perennials. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuedays 7:00 - 9:30 pm Course Duration: 3 weeks - 1 evening/week

Date(s): Mar 24, 31, Apr7

Registration Fee Members: $15./ evening or $40. for all 3 Non Members: $20./evening

Registration Deadline: Mar 17

Foliage for Shade FSG19

Instructor:

Craig has developed a p Il discuss the many varieties of this wonderful shade the many species of Arlsaema (Jack In the pulpit) th interesting addition to ade garden (MaX|mum reglstratlon 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm Date(s): Mar 24

Trees and Shrubs for the Shade TSG20

Instructor: Marion Jarvie

Rhodos and Azaleas are shrubs typi lly associated with shade, but there are many

addition to yolr garden~Learn ;Nhat trees thrive in the shade especially that north facing spot in the lee of a building. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm Date (s): Mar 31

Perennials for the Shade PSG21

Instructor:

By better understanding eters in your garden, learn to select the best perennials to plant . Details will be given about the strengths and weaknesses of a number ants, including new introductions. Ideas on improving the "hidden desert" conditions associated with shade will be given. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm Date(s): Apr7

Spring 1998 ~ Gardening

Basic

Gardening

I: How to Grow BGG26

Instructor: Alice Wikaruk

This basic gardening series can be taken as one gardening course covering many fundamental principles of gardening or individually to reinforce your knowledge of certain topics. This first part covers the essential elements of healthy plant growth: the soil and its components, lighting conditions, selecting plants; how, where and when to plant them. (Maximum registration 30)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm Course Duration: 2 weeks - 1 evening/week

Date(s): Mar 25, Apr 1

Registration Fee Members: $30. ($85. for 1-2-3) Non Members: $35.

Registration Deadline: Mar 8

Basic Gardening II: What to Grow BGG27

Instructor: Alice Wikaruk

The second of the basic gardening series is all about garden design and plant selection. Starting with site appraisal to determine functional areas, planting sites and dominant features, you will then learn to use trees, shrubs, perennials and annuals strategically. From woody plants and ornamentals to groundcover and stone, all have a specific role in the completed design. (Maximum registration 30)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm Course Duration: 2 weeks - 1 evening/week

Date(s): Apr 8,15

Registration Fee Members: $30. ($85. for 1-2-3) Non Members: $35.

Registration Deadline: Apr1

Basic Gardening lll: Keeping it Growing BGG28

Instructor: Alice Wikaruk

The third part of this basic gardening series is all about how maintenance can keep the garden healthy and flourishing. Fertilizing, mulching, pruning, weeding and watering are some of the maintenance tasks that will be explained. Lawns, being a major component of any garden will be covered in detail. (Maximum registration 30)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm Course Duration: 2 weeks - 1 evening/week

Date(s): Apr 22, 29

Registration Fee Members: $30. ($85. for I-2-3) Non Members: $35.

Registration Deadline: Apr 15

Pruning Particulars PPG29

Instructor: Marion Jarvie

Debunk old pruning ways. Learn what, why, when and how of pruning. By lecture and demonstration, the principles of pruning will be shown for many applications including training young trees, evergreens, shrubs, perennials and roses. Learn to transform your fence with espalier fruit trees. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Wednesday 1:00 - 3:30 pm

Date(s): Mar 25

Course Duration: 1 day

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $ 20.

Registration Deadline: Mar 18 %9

Spring 1998 ~ Gardening

Gardening with Herbs GHG31

Instructor: Tim Freeman

Learn which herbs are best to grow in our northern climate, conditions for best cultivation, how to use them in a garden design and how to harvest them. Find out the best way of growing herbs in containers on your balcony. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Thursday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Mar 26

Registration Fee Members: $15.

Course Duration: 1 evening

Non Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Mar 19 (see also Cooking with Herbs and Decorating with Herbs on pages 13 and 14)

Xeriscaping - Water Wise Gardening XWG33

Instructor: Marjorie Mason Hogue

If you think Xeriscaping or water wise gardening means growing only sedums and sempervivums, prepare to be surprised! A discussion of plant selection, placement and mulching techniques will solve many problems, for example the section of your lawn that turns brown every summer, the dry shade under trees where nothing grows, difficult slopes, and the barren soil at the cottage. You'll learn to save both water and time spent hauling hoses. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Monday 7:00-9:30 pm

Date(s): Mar 30

Course Duration: 1 evening

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Mar 23

Gardening with Bulbs GBG36

Instructor: Max Brown

Learn to create a wonderful show of exotic bulbs in your garden from Max Brown, Director of Jacques Amand, Canada. Find out about new and rare varieties of such plants as Erythronium, Eremurus, and Cardiocrinum. With nurseries in India and China, Jacques Amand is the largest specialist bulb supplier in the U.K. and winner of the Royal Horticultural Society's Lawrence Medal in 1995. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Thursday 7:00 - 9:30 pm Course Duration: 1 evening

Date(s): Apr2

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Mar 26

Landscaping for Townhouses and Condos LTG37

Instructor: Jim Lounsbery

If you have recently moved to a new condominium or townhouse and the landscaping consists of a sodded lawn and a coupleofjunipers, this course is for you. Jim will offer some simple suggestions to improve such an area using small trees and conifers and other plants. Bring with you lots of questions. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Monday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr6

Course Duration: 1 evening

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Mar 27

Spring 1998 ~ Gardening

Primulas and Partners PPG39

Instructor: Marion Jarvie

This truly versatile perennial comes in a full spectrum of colours. Learn about all the different cultivars of this genus that blooms from April to July, tolerates shade, sun or even damp spots. Primulas can be used in the garden as a border plant, in the rock garden, as a ground cover or naturalized under a Rhododendron bed. Learn how to create great artistic combinations with other plants that bloom at the same time. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Wednesday 1:00 - 3:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 8

Course Duration: 1 day

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20. Registration Deadline: Apr 1

Rock Gardening Series

Instructor: Anna Leggatt

Rock gardens make an ideal addition to any garden and are especially suited for small lots. Learn how to construct a rock garden with or without rocks, prepare scree and sand beds, and select the right type of plants. You will also be show how to make a garden trough using available materials.

Day/Time: Tuesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 14, 21, 28

Course Duration: 3 weeks - 1 evening/week

Registration Fee Members: $15. / evening or $40. for all 3 Non Members: $20. / evening Registration Deadline: Apr 7

Rock Gardening | RGG40

Instructor: Anna Leggatt

Learn how to construct a rock garden and how to choose plants for one. Water features in the rock garden will also be discussed as well as sources of materials. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 14

Rock Gardening Il RGG41

Instructor: Anna Leggatt

This part will focus on scree and sand beds, planted walls and how to construct those. Maintenance and trouble shooting tips will also be covered. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 21

Rock Gardening llI RGG42

Instructor: Anna Leggatt

You will be shown how to make a garden trough using available materials and given some ideas on how to plant one. This session will also focus on maintenance and winter protection for your trough. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Tuesday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 28

Spring 1998 ~ Gardening

Hot New Perennials HPG45

Instructor: Valerie Ward

The rate of new plant introductions has increased dramatically overthe last few years. Plants like Brunnera, Tiarella, Bergenia and Hellebores have been producing many new hybrids. New plants are being brought in from all over the globe and being propagated for Canadian gardens. What can we expect to see in the future? Learn about these new plants; their strengths and weaknesses and suggestions for planting and plant combinations. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Monday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 20

Registration Fee Members: $15.

Registration Deadline: Apr 13

Course Duration: 1 evening

Non Members: $20.

The Edible Wild EWG48

Instructor: Rob Stimpson

Take an early Spring walk through the Rouge Valley and discover what nature has to offer in terms of edible plants and medicines. A two hour walk through the valley will teach you to identity such plants as wild leeks, fiddle heads, wild ginger and Hemlock (this coniferous tree makes great tea). At the end of the walk you will have a chance to sample some teas and other items picked along the walk. Meet at Civic Garden Centre's main entrance at 11:30 am to car pool. In case of heavy rain the course will be held on May 10 same time. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Saturday 12:00 - 3:00 pm

Date(s): May 2

Registration Fee Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: April 24

Course Duration: 1 day

Non Members: $25.

Prairie and Meadow Gardens PMG49

Instructor: Frank Kershaw

Ever thought of turning your grass into a prairie or meadow garden to attract butterflies and birds? This talk will give you a good start by giving you details on plant selection and design features, how to plant such a garden and how to maintain it. The emphasis will be on native plants that will attract nature back into the garden. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Monday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): May 4

Course Duration: 1 evening

Registration Fee Members: $15. Non Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Apr 27

All About Roses ARG50

Instructor: Marion Jarvie

Valentines forever! Roses for everyone, every place, and every where. City or country, there are splendid disease resistant, hardy, shrub, antique, recurrent blooming, fragrant and even the new "pavement" roses. We'll study creative and successful integration into plant and flower beds, looking at soil, design, colour, and maintenance How about roses and a course on roses as a mothers day gift. (Maximum registration 35)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): May 6, 13

Registration Fee Members: $30.

Registration Deadline: Apr 29

Course Duration: 2 weeks - 1 evening/week

Non Members: $35.

Spring 1998 ~ Botanical Art & Crafts

Watercolour: Introductory and Continuing WCB17

Instructor: Ita Pechenick

Learn the basics of watercolour technique in a friendly relaxed atmosphere. This course will cover materials, colour theory and composition. Through demonstrations, practice and individual assistance, you will develop the skills of washes, wet and dry papertechniques, negative painting, glazing, and experimenting with light and shadow as well as colour and composition. Bring water colour paper, pencil, and any brushes and watercolour paints you have. A materials list will be provided at the first class. (Maximum registration 18)

Day/Time: Mondays 1:00 - 4:00 pm

Course Duration: 8 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Mar 23,30, Apr 6,20,27,May 4,11, 25

Registration Fee Members: $130. Non Members: $150.

Registration Deadline: Mar 16

Drawing: Beginner and Continuing DRB22

Instructor: James Spencer

This course will take the fear out of expressing yourself on paper by developing a perception of form, space, line and tone. It is suitable for both beginners and those with some experience. The course will also focus on landscape drawing. If students wish, some classes may be held out of doors. Bring any drawing material and paper your have. (Maximum registration 15)

Day/Time: Tuesdays 1:00 - 4:00 pm

Course Duration: 8 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Mar 24, 31, Apr 7, 14,21,26, May 5,12

Registration Fee Members: $130. Non Members: $150.

Registration Deadline: Mar 17

Spring Bunny Topiary STB23

Instructors: Carol Clarke and Joanne Weber

Do you want a creature in your garden that doesn't eat the bulbs or carrots, takes very little care and loves to stay out all night? Learn how to create this wonderful 15" bunny topiary just in time for Easter. You will also be shown how to plant it and train ivy to grow into it. Bring with you a 10" pot, and wire cutters. Topiary form and ivy ($45.) included in course fee. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Tuesday 12:30 - 3:30 pm

Date(s): Mar 24

Course Duration: 1 day

Registration Fee Members: $65. Non Members: $80.

Registration Deadline: Mar 17

Fun Furniture Painting FPB24

Instructor: Susan Kee

Jazz up your patio, solarium or any room in the house with some botanically inspired furniture that you create yourself from an old garage sale find. You will learn painting techniques such as ragging, sponging, dry brush, splattering, stenciling and decoupage, while being guided through the steps of creating a funky piece of furniture. Bring any wooden piece of furniture; chair, trunk, bookshelf, table, or bench, which is easily transportable. Material fee ($30) included in the registration fee. (Max. registration 15)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Mar 25, Apr 1, 8, 15, 22

Course Duration: 5 weeks - 1 evening/week

Registration Fee Members: $105. Non Members: $125.

Registration Deadline: Mar 18

Spring 1998 ~ BotanicalArt & Crafts

Ikenobo lkebana - Japanese Flower Arranging 11B25

Instructor: Shizuko Kadoguchi

The Ikenobo School of Ikebana (Japanese flower arranging) has been practiced for over 500 years. It is a highly traditional form reflecting appreciation of nature and art as well as incorporating a modern outlook. This course gives a sound introduction to beginners and continues to develop the skills ofexperienced students. Bring 1 shallow and 1 tall Japanese-type container, pinholder, clippers (available at the Trellis Shop), pencil & notebook and lunch. Additional cost of plant material (approx. $5. per class) will be collected by the instructor. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 10:00 am-2:30 pm Course Duration: 5 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Mar 25, Apr 1,8,15,22

Registration Fee Members: $125. Non Members: $145.

Registration Deadline: Mar 18

Botanical lllustration for Beginners BIB30

Instructor: Frances Key

Students will explore, analyze and illustrate the secrets of plants in pen and ink, pencil and watercolour. A brief introduction to flower structure will be given followed by step by step instructions in techniques such as wet on wet, resist using wax and masking fluid, blocking ,run backs, transparencies and special effects using salt, cellophane and spritzer. Each lesson will be augmented by a slide show and books outlining the history of botanical illustration. Some watercolour and/or drawing experience preferable. Bring whatever watercolour and drawing material you have. Paper will be provided for the first class ($3. payable to instructor). (Maximum registration 15)

Day/Time:Thursgays 9:30 am - 12:30 pm Course Duration: 8 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Mar 28, Apr 2,9, 16, 23,30 May 7,14

Registration Fee Members: $130. Non Members: $150.

Registration Deadline: Mar 19

Acrylics and Oils: Beginner and Continuing AOB32

Instructor: James Spencer

A step-by-step acrylic and oil painting course in which you will learn through lecture, demonstration, individual attention and critique, about buying and using materials, drawing, colour mixing and composition. The works of other artists will be shown and discussed. This course is suitable for beginners as well as those with some experience. Bring any materials you already have, pencil and paper. Material list will be provided at first class (Materials approx. $80.) (Maximum registration 15)

Day/Time: Fridays 1:00 - 4:00 pm Course Duration: 8 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Mar 27, Apr 3,17,24, May 1,8,15,22

Registration Fee Members: $130. Non Members: $150.

Registration Deadline: Mar 20

Bird Houses: Art For Your Garden BHB34

Instructor: John Beaudry

Build and decorate your own birdhouse to suit your garden and the birds that inhabit it. In the process, you will learn what style of bird house to build to attract specific birds, learn to evaluate and determine the best location for your bird house, understand the basic concepts ofwoodworking and develop painting techniques to decorate your bird house. An overview of historic and modern bird house styles will also be reviewed. Bring a hammer, Robertson Red screw driver, tape measure or ruler, paper and pencil, and lunch. Material fee ($20.) included in the course fee. (Maximum registration 15)

Spring 1998 ~ Botanical Art & Crafts

Day/Time: Thur, Frid 2:30awe=d=90-pm

Date(s): Apr 2 (9:30 - 4:30), 3 (9:30 - 1:30)

Registration Fee Members: $85.

Registration Deadline: Mar 26

Course Duration: 1 1/2 days

Non Members: $100.

Floral Designs for the Home FDB35

Instructor: Shirley Binns

Through instruction and practice, you will learn the basic elements and principles of design, how to condition plant material and techniques to create long lasting floral arrangements using various containers, baskets, and candles. Bring 5-7 fresh flowers and leaves, 2-4 interesting shaped branches, sharp pruners, pinholder or oasis, a container of your choice, and a box (to transport arrangement home). Some materials (pinholders and oasis) will be available for purchase at the first class (approx. $30.).

(Maximum registration 15)

Day/Time: Thursday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr2, 9,16, 23

Registration Fee Members: $70.

Registration Deadline: Mar 26

Course Duration: 4weeks - 1 evening/week

Non Members: $85.

Flower Arranging for Special Occasions FSB38

Instructor: Trudy Grantham

For anyone who is planning a wedding, anniversary or any other special occasion, this course is designed to help you create your own fresh flower arrangements. You will learn flower wiring and taping techniques to create boutonnieres, corsages (wrist and purse), hand tied bouquets, and simple table centrepieces. Materials for the first class will be available from the instructor ( $10-$I15). A material list will be provided for remaining classes. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Mondays 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 6, 20, 27

Registration Fee Members: $55.

Registration Deadline: Mar 30

Course Duration: 3 weeks - 1 evening/week

Non Members: $70.

Cooking with Herbs CHB43

Instructor: Glenn Brunetti

For those with a small garden area struggling to decide on what varieties of herbs to grow, RBG's herb expert Glenn Brunetti will give you his top ten list of must-have herbs to grow. Glenn will also demonstrate recipes using these herbs which you will get to taste. For those who don't have a garden, many of these herbs are now available in supermarkets. Come enjoy this evening of culinary delight. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Thursday 7:00 - 9:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 16

Registration Fee Members: $20.

Registration Deadline: Apr 9

Course Duration: 1 evening

Non Members: $25.

Aromatherapy ATB44

Instructor: Liz Kirk

Man has used the scent of flowers for centuries to soothe the mind, body and spirit. The art of aromatherapy has been revitalized in the past few years with many products available on the market today. Learn what essential oils are and how they are used to alleviate stress and other ailments, how to blend them and use them in your home. (Maximum registration 35)

Spring 1998 ~ Botanical Art & Crafts

Day/Time: Monday 10:00 am - 12:30 pm

Date(s): Apr 20

Registration Fee Members: $15.

Registration Deadline: Apr 13

Course Duration: 1 day

Non Members: $20.

Decorating with Herbs DHB46

Instructors: Carol Clarke and Joanne Weber

Explore the endless decorative possibilities using herbs by creating a wonderful 12" kitchen wreath combining fresh and dried herbs, garlic, peppers, vegetables and spices. Learn about other countless ideas for your herb harvest this year. Bring with you a glue gun and plenty of glue. Material fee ($30.) is included in the course fee.

(Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Thursday 7:00 - 10:00 pm

Date(s): April 23

Registration Fee Members: $50.

Registration Deadline: Apr 16

Course Duration: 1 evening

Non Members: $65.

Flower Arranging for the Home FAB47

Instructor: Ella Irving

Creating even the simplest floral arrangement requires an understanding of the elements and principles of design. Through demonstration and practice, you will learn as you create table centrepieces, smaller informal designs and even hostess gifts. Learn about colour harmonies that will best suit your home decor. This course is suitable for beginners and advanced students alike. Bring a container of your choice and appropriate plant material (5-36" branches, 5-7 flower blooms of varied maturity, few leaves). Other materials needed (available in the Trellis Shop) are: pinholder, stickum, clippers, and oasis. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Wednesdays 9:30 am - 12:00 noon Course Duration: 3 weeks - 1 day/week

Date(s): Apr 29, May 6,13

Registration Fee Members: $55.

Registration Deadline: Apr 22

Non Members: $70.

WillowWeaving WWBS51

Instructor: Barbara Guy Long

Willow wattle weaving has many applications in the garden: from fencing and edging to arbours and trellises. You will be shown the different applications of willow, how to identify it, when and how to harvest. This will be followed by a demonstration. You will then construct your own simple structure, such as a trellis, to take home with you. Bring with you loppers, clippers, hammer, gloves and lunch. Material fee ($24) included in course fee. (Maximum registration 20)

Day/Time: Thursday 9:30 am - 4:30 pm

Date(s): May 7

Registration Fee Members: $70.

Registration Deadline: Apr 30

Course Duration: 1 day

Non Members: $85.

Spring 1998 ~ Botanical Art & Crafts

Botanical lllustration in Watercolour (Advanced) BIB52

Instructor: Pamela Stagg

An intensive workshop in the te ! f painting highly detailed, realistic portraits cises will be combined with painting practice, individual instructi dback. Advanced watercolour skills are required; experience in . while welcome, is not required. Materials list will be made available before first class. Please bring lunch to each session. (Maximum registration 15) Q ,Q_D\

Day/Time: Sat/Sun/Mon/Tues/Wed 10:00 am - 4:00 pm Course Duration: 5 days

Date(s): Jul 18,19,20,21,22

Registration Fee Members: $180. Non Members: $200.

Registration Deadline: Jul 10

The Civic Garden Centre Instructors ~

John Beaudry, as a partner in Avian Contractors, has been creating bird houses to suit all species of birds since 1991. He has done extensive research on nesting habits of North American birds. His bird houses grace gardens, galleries and homes in Canada, England, Holland, and the U.S. John is an accomplished woodworker, photographer and graphic artist. He is a member of the Ontario Craft Council, and the Haliburton Guild of Fine Arts.

Shirley Binns studied flower arranging at the Civic Garden Centre, and in Japan, and has been arranging flowers and gardening for over 10 years. She is an accredited Rose Judge and a Decorative Judge. Shirley has competed in world flower shows-one in Paris France, and had an arrangement published in the Canadian Flower Arranger. She is a member of Milne House Garden Club, the lkenobo Ikebana Society and various other horticulture societies.

Max Brown developed his love of gardening through his father. At the age of 15, he was awarded a job at a local nursery and developed a strong interest in bulbous plants and orchids. This interest led to a friendship with John Amand, son of the founder of Jacques Amand, and the establishment of Jacques Amand in Canada. Jacques Amand is the largest specialist bulb supplier in the U.K. and is the winner of many RHS Gold Medals, including the prestigious 1995 Lawrence Medal for best exhibit at the Chelsea Flower Show.

Glenn Brunetti has a degree in Biochemistry and a Masters Degree in Business Administration from McMaster University. Glenn has become the resident "herb expert" at the Royal Botanical Gardens where he teaches many popular programs on herbs, food and wine. He writes for various publications and makes regular appearances on CBC Radio, the Discovery Channel, the Life Network, TVO.and City TV. Glenn is presently the Marketing and Communications Coordinator for the Healthy Lifestyles Branch of the Hamilton-Wentworth Regional Public Health Department.

Carol Clarke and Joanne Weber have been drying and preserving flowers from their huge perennial garden for the past 10 years. Their friendship developed into a business called Victorian Gardens. With access to several prize gardens in Southern Ontario, they have developed their own style offlower arranging using unusual flowers and other materials. They have been supplying Crabtree & Evelyn with dried flowers for a number of years. They also create fresh floral designs for weddings, homes and shops from their store in the Kingsway.

The Civic Garden Centre Instructors ~

Tim Freeman is a wholesale herb grower, in business for over 18 years. His operation is the largest herb grower in Canada, selling close to 1 1/2 million plants per season. Tim speaks regularly at many horticulture societies such as the Garden Club of Toronto and the Mississauga Garden Club. He has also taught at Brock University, the Royal Botanical Gardens, and Landscape Ontario.

Trudy Grantham has taught flower arranging at Seneca College for the past 6 years. She is a member of the Garden Club of Toronto as well as many other garden societies. Trudy is involved in many horticultural activities, such as coordinating the horticulture section for Canada Blooms. She is also an accredited Floral Design judge.

Barbara Guy Long is a willow wattle artist whose cedar and willow structures can be seen in gardens throughout Ontario. Her work has appeared in Garden Life magazine and on Sue Warden's Craftscapes. Barbara's work won the Signe Eaton award at the Royal Winter Fair in 1996. She has traveled to England, Wales and lItaly studying different techniques and applications for willow.

Lorne Haveruk has operated his own irrigation consulting, design and installation company for the past 9 years. He is a certified irrigation designer, contractor and water auditor, as well as a certified landscape lighting designer. Lorne is also the past president of the Canadian Irrigation Association, current education chairman for the ClA(Eastern Region) and education committee member for the Irrigation Association in the United States.

Ella Irving has had thirty years of entering competitions, studying for accreditation, judging and teaching flower design, in North America, Japan and the U.K. In addition to her continuous work in many other styles, she has been a full professor in lkebana floral art since 1988.

Marion Jarvie after 11 years as a nursery horticulturist, started her own landscape consultancy 10 years ago. She has been teaching in the field for many years at George Brown College and the Civic Garden Centre as well as lecturing throughout North America. Marion travels extensively to discover and gather new and relevant plant information to add to her already vast repertoire. She has been Program Chairman of the Ontario Rock Garden Society for 9 years.

Shizuko Kadoguchi has the highest qualifications in Ikenobo in North America. In addition, she has the honourable distinction of being awarded the name "Hosui'"-sweet essence--by Headmaster Senei Ikenobo. She has been learning lkebana for over 60 years and teaching for 33 years in the U.S., Jamaica, Canada, Japan, assisting Senei lkenobo and demonstrating for the Consul General of Japan.

Susan Kee graduated AOCA majoring in fine art and printmaking. She has had her own business For Paint's Sake, doing floorcloths on commission since 1984. Susan has taught at various educational institutions throughout Toronto and has shown in most major craft shows. Her work is represented in the Museum of Civilization and the Ontario Crafts Council.

Frank Kershaw has been Director of Planning, Research & Construction Division, for Dept. of Parks & Property Metro Toronto, for over 20 years. Graduated BA (hons), MSc in Urban & Regional Planning, Diploma in Horticulture, & Certificate in Landscape Architecture, he is a recognized leader in natural landscapes in North America, writes for numerous publications and lectures on related subjects.

The Civic Garden Centre Instructors ~

Frances Key , B.Sc.A.A.M. acquired her art as an apprentice to Master Weaver Professor Josef Schulz in Vienna, Austria in 1975-76. She is a tapestry weaver and artist who works with a variety of media; wool, watercolour, and textiles. Presently she is working towards a one person show in June 1998. Frances has taught both adults and children at the Haliburton School of Fine Art, Oakville Galleries, Royal Ontario Museum, the Civic Garden Centre and the Toronto Board of Education.

Liz Kirk worked in educational publishing as a Photo Editor and Copyright Manager for 15 years before redirecting her energy into a career which combined her love for gardening and her interest in a holistic approach to good health and wellness. She graduated from the West Wind School of Aromatherapy and has recently established an aromatherapy clinic at the Wellness Centre, Centennial College. She practices from her own home as well. Liz is a member ofthe Ontario Herbalists Association and the Canadian Federation of Aromatherapists.

Nancy Lawrence graduated from Humber College in landscape and horticulture. She worked for ten years as a greenhouse grower at Centennial Greenhouses in Etobicoke. Nancy currently works for Parkwood Estate and Gardens running the greenhouses as well as working on the grounds.

Anna Leggatt is a Nature Interpreter at the Kortright Centre for Conservation. A former teacher, she is currently very active in numerous horticultural groups; Chair of the Ontario Rock Garden Society, a Director of the North American Rock Garden Society and a member of the Garden Writers of America. A Master Gardener and a regular contributor to Trellis and other publications, Anna also lectures to local horticultural groups.

Roger Lewis, Chartered Herbalist, graduated from Dominion Herbal College in British Columbia, has been in practice for over 10 years and currently works at Thuna Herbals. Established in 1888, it is Canada's oldest herb shop. Roger lectures regularly to groups such as medical students and Aids patients. He has appeared on TV and radio shows, giving advice on herbal remedies, and has written over 40 published articles on the subject.

Jim Lounsbery has been involved in the horticulture business for many years as supervisor of park lands at the Royal Botanical Gardens, manager of horticulture studies at Mohawk College in Hamilton and owner of Vineland Nurseries which specializes in dwarf and unusual plants.

Marjorie Mason Hogue is an enthusiastic gardener and teacher who loves to share her ideas with others. She currently writes a weekly column for Uxbridge and Stouffville newspapers and does a biweekly gardening segment for "Heaven and Earth this week" on the Discovery Channel. After spending 19 years working in a large garden centre, Marjorie now has her own English style nursery and display garden just south of Uxbridge.

Cherryl Moote, BA, BEd, has taught both adults and children for many years. She studied calligraphy with renowned calligraphers such as Sheila Waters, Calligrapher to the Queen. Cherryl runs her graphic design company Moote Points, and exhibits frequently. She is active in the Calligraphic Arts Guild of Toronto where she assists publishing theirjournal The Legible Scribble.

Ita Pechenick has had over 20 years of experience in design and fine arts. She is a graduate of Humber College with diplomas in Furniture Design and Interior Design

The Civic Garden Centre Instructors ~

and has studied Horticulture and Landscape Design. Her paintings reflect her love of flowers and gardening. Along with other artists, she owns and operates The Group of Ten Artists Gallery at Queen's Quay Terminal. Ita is currently the president of the Toronto Watercolour Society. She teaches fine arts and watercolour to both adults and children.

Shelagh Smith is a book conservator and teacher who has been marbling on paper for many years, working in both traditional and innovative contemporary styles. Her paper has been used for books, boxes, stationary, lamp shades, advertising layouts, and framing. Shelagh is the managing director and workshop chair of the Canadian Bookbinders and Book Artists Guild.

James "Sandy" Spencer attended Acadia University and then graduated AOCA, from whence he was sent on scholarship to study in Europe. His Wolfville Nova Scotia roots are apparent in the detail and light reflected in his work. Several large paintings are in the National Gallery permanent collection and many others in major galleries, corporations and publications across Canada. Sandy has taught for 28 years at such institutions as the Banff School and the University of Toronto.

Pamela Stagg is a Canadian botanical artist who has achieved international recognition for her work. Ms. Stagg holds the prestigious Royal Horticultural Society Gold Medal for painting. An enthusiastic teacher, Ms. Stagg enjoys developing the talent of all her students and has trained a number of painters to international standards.

Rob Stimpson is an award winning professional photographer and experienced outdoors person. Rob has traveled extensively throughout Canada's natural and untamed areas, documenting the flora and fauna of each region. He has worked as a guide and nature interpreter for the Halton Conservation Authority. He currently creates multimedia presentations for corporations and private individuals. His photographs have been published in Wildflower Magazine and various nature journals.

Craig Stubbs is an avid gardener who has been gardening for over 15 years. He is a founding member of the Ontario Hosta Society and member of the board or directors of the Civic Garden Centre. Craig's current project involves renovating a 3/4 acre property just outside of Toronto.

Valerie Ward started her gardening business in her back yard in downtown Toronto five years ago. With success came the need for a larger space. The business, buds, moved to Bathurst and Vaughan and has supplied downtown gardeners with rare and unusual perennials ever since. She is enrolled in the Horticulture program at the University of Guelph, and has developed an excellent web site with all sort of great gardening tips at WWW. budsgarden.com.

Alice Wikaruk has just completed her diploma in horticulture from the University of Guelph. She has been a member of the Etobicoke Horticulture Society for 18 years and an avid gardener for even longer. A Master Gardener, Alice has taught gardening for the city of Toronto and the Etobicoke board of education. She is involved in many gardening activities such as the Etobicoke Conservatory and Communities in Blooms.

Irene Wittman, M.E.S. has a Master in Environmental studies (urban and regional planning) and has always loved plants and natural settings. She is an avid believer in horticultural therapy as a form of stress management. As a landscape consultant, Irene has worked with committees for the City of Toronto, school staff and children and many professionals who are involved in the healing arts. Irene has training from the Canadian Institute offloral design and Landscape Ontario.