Tourism Review Online Magazine - 05/2011 by Tourism Review Digital Network

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ONLINE MAGAZINE

Dear readers, Welcome to the May issue of the Tourism Review Online Magazine. Turkey is a hot destination for your holiday. Discover its beauty as well as the challenges of the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tourism industry in the Destination supplement. For those who look for less known attractions there is the Heritage part presenting the well-hidden sights of a number of cities. Paris or Berlin â&#x20AC;&#x201C; explore the unknown worlds. For the lovers of the night sky we have a star-gazing supplement â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Adventure. What are the best astro tourism destinations? Visit Australia, Hawaii and Chile. The latest trends of destination marketing are presented in the Professional part focusing mainly on the role of the social media. The Ethical supplement on the other hand discusses the multifaceted relation between tourism and peace. Does tourism contribute to peace? How? Enjoy the magazine. Milada Sovadinova Editor

C ONTENT S HERITAGE

ADVENTURE

Star GazinG: WatchinG the niGht Sky

SurpriSeS in the City

The Eiffel Tower, Berlin Wall or Helsinki’s beaches – all of these are the main tourism attractions most travelers are well aware of. If you think you have seen it all, read about some less known landmarks of Paris, Berlin, Helsinki and Birmingham and get ready for some surprises.

C ONTENT S

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The night sky with billions of stars shining bright is like a window into other worlds. Watch the stars from the top of a volcano or from the middle of a desert. Discover the best star gazing destinations and visit Australia, Chile or even Maui.

ADVENTURE:

Surprises in the City................................ 4

Star Gazing: Watching the Night Sky.................... 42

Doing Paris Differently................................................................................................... 5 Explore Offbeat and Unexpected Berlin....................................................................... 7 Helsinki: The Old Town Bay Area.................................................................................. 10 Birmingham – Of Canals, Balti and Jewellery........................................................... 12

Seven Magnificent Star Gazing Destinations............................................................ 43 Spectacular Southern Hemisphere Nights: Australia Is the Place with the View...... 45 Star Gazing in Maui: Discover Haleakala................................................................... 47 The Clearest Night Sky? In Chile................................................................................... 48

HERITAGE:

Destination

PROFESSIONAL

Turkey: The MediTerranean Pearl

D e s t i n at i o n M a r k e t i n g U p D at e

Destination marketing and branding are an essential part of any promotion project set to market attractions, city, region or the whole country. Get updated on the role of social media in marketing, on a recent findings regarding city branding, and on efficient event marketing.

Professional:

Destination Marketing Update....... 16

City Branding Must Reflect on the Past and Point to the Future......................... 17 Destination Marketing for German Travelers......................................................... 21 Social Media Marketing: Tourists Are the New Marketers..................................... 23 Destination Marketing: Creating Events with Impact............................................. 25

ETHICAL

Destination:

Turkey: The Mediterranean Pearl....................................................................49

Travel and Tourism in Turkey: Market Insight......................................................... 50 Izmir: The Pearl of the Aegean..................................................................................... 52 Antalya’s Tourism Industry Changing Fast................................................................ 54 Istanbul: The Love of Continents................................................................................ 56 Turkey: Emerging Medical Tourism Hot Spot............................................................ 59

Fairs & Exhibitions

Tourism & Peace Hand in Hand

Is tourism contributing to peace? How can a post-war country start developing its tourism potential? Who is a peaceful traveler? Discover the connection between peace and tourism!

Turkey – the land of stunning nature, dynamic history and unique culture. Every year more and more travelers discover this country and its mosques, museums as well as crystal clear water and sandy beaches.

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Fairs & Exhibitions:

Tourism & Peace Hand in Hand............................................................... 28

Travel/Tourism in MAY 2011 by regions.........................................60

Does Tourism Promote Peaceful Coexistence?......................................................... 29 Africa: Development of Tourism Contributing to Peace........................................ 32 Tourism and Peace, Peace and Tourism – An Inseparable Union............................ 35 Peace Building through Tourism? Mediators Needed............................................. 38 Peace and Tourism – Key Organizations..................................................................... 40

Western Europe............................................................................................................. 61 Africa/MIDDLE EAST........................................................................................................ 63 North America............................................................................................................... 65 Asia & Pacific................................................................................................................... 66

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Surprises in the City

The Eiffel Tower, Berlin Wall or Helsinkiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s beaches â&#x20AC;&#x201C; all of these are the main tourism attractions most travelers are well aware of. If you think you have seen it all, read about some less known landmarks of Paris, Berlin, Helsinki and Birmingham and get ready for some surprises.

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Doing Paris Differently With 27 million foreign visitors annually, Paris and its surrounding area represent the most popular tourist destination in the world. Even people who have never been to the "City of Light" are familiar with key cultural and natural landmarks by sight as well as names of famous districts through generations of movies, songs and artistic works. What could I discover to add an element of surprise to a four-day visit? To make the most of limited time, I enlisted the services of My Genie in Paris (mygenieinparis.com), a tour agency that customizes itineraries based on the insider knowledge of the two native Parisian owners and their team of artists, designers, journalists and trend-spotters ideally positioned to recommend those illusive surprises. An itinerary for any number of days is delivered to your Paris hotel with vouchers, maps and brochures that reflect each client's personal interests. During earlier email discussions from Canada, I had selected an Electric Bike Tour of Paris's back streets (49€), a Paris Bakery Class (85€) and a Paris Chocolate Tour and Tasting (85€) a guided walking tour which visited five chocolate makers. These seemed like original ways to discover Paris. For example, let's consider the Bakery Class at Miss Manan Boulangerie, a 15-minute walk from the landmark Notre Dame Cathedral. It offered an authentic three-hour glimpse behind the scenes on three floors where beehive-like activity produces tens of thousands of those famous French breads and pastries daily, May, 2011

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walking or bus tours that present the rich heritage of African American influences in Paris. Nowhere else in the world were Black writers, artists, musicians, and intellectuals able to nurture and display their talent, unfettered by the racism they experienced in the United States. The brainchild of African Canadian, Julia Browne, these story-telling tours are full of compelling human dramas and insights into the creative exchanges that have influenced the city over more than a century. This white Anglo-Saxon blonde immersed in all things Black Paris with two guided walking tours of the Latin Quarter and Monmartre, a night of jumping music at the famous but tiny Duc des Lombards Jazz Club, and participation in a genuine Paris soirée, all of which may be arranged by Walking the Spirit.

Behind the scenes at a Paris bakery, a class participant prepares our handiwork for the oven so we may sample our own masterpieces in the café. Photo credit: Alison Gardner

ranging from baguettes and croissants to pain au chocolat and mouth-watering pastries. At every station, expert bakers and their apprentices stopped their tasks to patiently demonstrate their specialties and then invite us to try our hand at making our own creations. We finished in the bakery's popular storefront eatery with a welcome café au lait and a souvenir of our own creations to sample and take away. Not hard to tell the amateur versions, but all the more delicious for being our own! The other Paris-based operator I felt sure would deliver some surprising ways to experience the city was Walking the Spirit (walkingthespirit.com) which offers guided

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In Hotel Mayet's restored stone cellar, complimentary continental breakfasts are served family-style so guests may meet and share. Photo credit: Hotel Mayet

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Walking the Spirit guide, Julia Browne, shares stories about African-American writers, musicians, artists and intellectuals who have made Paris their creative home. Photo credit: Walking the Spirit Tours

Though lacking the luxurious boudoir backdrop and aristocratic attendance of historic French soirées, my thoroughly modern Paris soirée was definitely an insider experience, hosted by US native Patricia Laplante-Collins for over ten years. These weekly evenings of cul-

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tural sharing bring together resident expats living in Paris, nomadic internationals like myself, and French intelligentsia. Popular with adults of every age, conversation quickly flows around Patricia's living room which is up several narrow flights of worn wood steps in an antique stone building over the bridge near Notre Dame. Visit Parissoirees.com for listings of year round Sunday evening events and to book attendance directly. Entry is €20 per person, including an abundant buffet of home-cooked dishes, unlimited wine and non-alcoholic beverages, and a special guest performance or challenging lecture. Even with 23 guests at my soirée, Patricia captured the intimate salon atmosphere, providing an informal relaxed meeting place for strangers to become quickly acquainted and stimulate the little gray cells. Looking for an accommodation surprise to round out my Paris visit, I discovered the whimsical boutique Hotel Mayet (mayet.com), which brings a smile the moment you cross the threshold. With 23 small rooms on six narrow floors, each room is decorated in office furniture style, from filing cabinet bedside tables to lighting and even the ceiling fan. Conversely, the public spaces reflect no office decor at all,

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jumping with colourful wall murals, comfy furniture and red plush carpets. The vaulted cellar with its rough-stone walls and ceiling makes a distinctive gathering place for the included continental breakfast. Staff are exceptionally helpful, all speaking English, and volunteering information about every aspect of Paris as well as providing helpful free services including WiFi, a lobby computer for guest use, and free photocopying. Serving the independent traveler, Hotel Mayet has a large repeat clientele, mostly from the UK, the US and France itself. Located in the neighbourhood of Les Invalides, 6th arrondissement, it is just three blocks from the subway/ metro. Five stops later you are whisked into the heart of the old city, Notre Dame Cathedral and Ile de la Cité in a matter of minutes. By Alison Gardner Editor/journalist, Alison Gardner, is a global expert on nature-based vacations and cultural/educational travel. Her Travel with a Challenge web magazine, is a recognized source of new and established operators, accommodations and richly-illustrated feature articles covering all types of senior-friendly alternative travel. http://www.travelwithachallenge.com

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Explore Offbeat and Unexpected Berlin Anyone standing on the Berlin’s Teufelsberg could hardly guess that this mountain is made of rubble and that it is a place charged with history. During the Nazi period the shell of the Military Technology Faculty building was here. It was blown up after the war and 25 million cubic metres of Berlin rubble was piled up here. And this is how the Teufelsberg became the highest point in Berlin at 114.7 metres. In the 50s, the Americans began to use the hill as a listening point. Today, visitors can visit

the remains of the installation with five large radar domes. Tours around the former NSA (National Security Alliance) field station are offered in German and English. In the streets above and below the surface you can find the city’s commuter rail and subway tracks. And in between? Entire worlds are hidden here in the German capital: bunkers and tunnels, shafts, mountains of rubble, and vaults from long ago make the underground Berlin a destination for exciting adventure tours.

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Berlin’s public transit authority, BVG, also offers unusual impressions and a subterranean breeze: explore on foot during special evening tunnel walks in the subway tunnels or in open cars, the one-of-a-kind “subway convertibles” for a two-hour tour. The tour also includes different types of tunnel structures and the history of the Berlin subway system. Fields of Green

Gigantic fallen dinosaurs, old family attractions and a great Ferris Wheel – this is the SpreePark Plänterwald, a former entertainment park in Berlin´s district Treptow-Köpenick. It opened in 1969 and was closed down in 2001 because the owners were insolvent. Today the atmosphere of this abandoned park is almost ghostlike. Curiosity seekers can join guided tours. His own little island in the shade of the Berlin Wall – this is the garden of Osman Kalin. Once an illegally built arbour directly on the borderline today it stands for some of the absurdities that West Berlin experienced while it was in the shadow of the Wall. The garden can be found at the Bethaniendamm. The 'fat Mary' is the oldest tree in Berlin that got its name in around 1800 when two boys, who lived not far away in Tegel Palace, named her after their cook. The two boys are thought to have been brothers Wilhelm and Alexander von Humboldt. Today, the striking, gnarled English oak stands 26 metres high. Its trunk has a circumference of almost seven metres and a diameter of more than two metres. Fat Mary stands to the north of the Grosser Malchsee Lake in Tegel. A visit to the tree can be easily

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combined with a lovely walk to Tegel Palace or a riverboat cruise on Lake Tegel. Cuisine as Varied as the City

Chocolate as an appetizer, the main course, and for dessert as well! Such an unusual menu awaits you at Fassbender und Rausch, the first chocolate restaurant in Europe, located on the May, 2011

Gendarmenmarkt. In order to keep the food from getting monotonous, cooks from all over the world have put together a creative menu centered on all things cocoa, where fish and meat, salad and soup are combined with chocolate elements. On Saturdays, these specialties are served in the course of an exciting chocolate dinner show.

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An enlightening experience, in which there is guaranteed to be nothing to see, is offered by the two darkness restaurants in Berlin – Unsicht-Bar Berlin and Nocti Vagus – , where diners eat without any illumination at all. The sense of sight falls out of the picture, so hearing, smell, taste, and touch gain new significance throughout the meal. The surprise

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Take the chance to welcome new Russian travellers

Join My Planet Travel Awards www.myplanetawards.com

Moscow September 2011 menu offers a particularly exciting adventure! The waiters are all severely or completely visually impaired, so the service goes off without a hitch in spite of the darkness. At Nocti Vagus, which has a unique dark stage, the evenings are often supplemented by musical, theatrical, or literary shows. Here’s a tip for everyone who is having trouble making a decision in the face of the vast

variety along the Spree River: gastro-rallies. These unusual tours, a mixture of a city tour and a five-course menu, stop in several restaurants in trendy neighborhoods, and only one course is eaten at each stop. By visitBerlin http://www.visitBerlin.de

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HERITAGE

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Helsinki: The Old Town Bay Area

Arabianranta and Vanhankaupunginlahti (”Old Town Bay”) are the places where Helsinki was originally founded in 1550 when King Gustavus Vasa of Sweden wanted to compete with the Hanseatic trading city of Tallinn. At that time the King ordered the burghers of Rauma, Ulvila, Porvoo and Tammisaari to move to Helsinki. In spite of it the growth of population and medieval trading traditions were slow to change. In 1640 the settlement moved to the district of Kruununhaka. The name Arabia is found in 18th century documents whereas the Arabia factory was built in 1871. Arabianranta is a district where old and new, nature and urban city, industry and residence, studying and peace, art and technology meet. Innovation, courage and communal spirit are the key words to describe the area. May, 2011

Arabianranta is also famous for its culture, creative industries, nature and higher education campuses. The Arabia factory, once the biggest ceramics factory in all of Europe, is a great example of Finnish industrial and design history and worth a visit. The Arabia products are characterized by a timeless beauty as well as high quality and functionality. The offerings are also highly appreciated, collectible and valued in Finland. The Northern parts of Arabia shore are recently built to a new housing district with 220 acre beachfront residential resort and marina. The coastal zone is made into a park. The new development plan of the area aims to increase tourism and travel services in the coming years. Helsinki will become the World Design Capital in 2012 and Arabianranta will be one of the

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main attractions. The future objective is also to attract as much businesses as possible in the field of creative industries to join the Arabianranta community, to operate and develop together with the local educational institutes. Arabianranta has been determinedly developed towards ”Art and Design City” more than ten years. The arts and culture are actively introduced to people of Arabianranta by educational institutes. The Arabianranta area is the most significant design cluster in Finland. Design enterprises and institutes of art-related education are operating in the old factory facilities. The unique design atmosphere of the area is complete with the modern maritime housing area in its neighbourhood. The Old Town Bay nearby the Arabia factory is a popular and beautiful recreational area with picturesque rapids. It has also international sig-

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nificance as a sanctuary for migratory birds. A practised bird-watcher may spot a hundred of species on a good day. A shallow sea bay surrounding the estuary of the river Vantaa, comprises extensive reed beds, shore meadows, sturdy forests and open waters. There are also the old fields, pastures and a rocky, wooded ridge in the north. The Old Town Bay is a perfect place for fishing and one of the Helsinki´s most popular fishing sites. Sea-trout, seasalmon and whitewish are planted in the river and estuary. A number of these trout and salmon species return after a May, 2011

few years of roaming the seas to spawn in the river. The salmon and trout can weight up to 10-20 kilos. Pike, pike-pearch and pearch are the best species to catch. In the winter time you may catch a glimpse of a mink or a whitethroated dipper fishing by the water. The Old Town Bay is also a part of an ecological network of protected areas in the territory of the European Union called Natura 2000. Visitors have to be considerate to the environment. People have to stay on paths and dock boards. It is also forbidden to pick plants or damage them, and to disturb the wildlife in any way. An easy way to familiarize yourself to the area in summer season is the new Helsinki City Tour that includes design and architectural highlights in Helsinki. The bus stops at the Temppeliaukio Church, the Senate Square and Arabia District. Helsinki Expert Oy offers in cooperation with Art and Design City Helsinki also guided tours for groups in the Arabia District. Groups can discover the Arabianranta area on a guided walk Arabia District Art & Design or on a guided city tour focusing on design and architecture in Helsinki, including the Design District Helsinki and Arabianranta (HelsinkiExpert.com). Design with All Senses project’s Food Design -tours will be offered in summer 2011. The product is applied as part of the World Design Capital 2012 Design Program. During the route you will see urban gardening, day-to-day design and enjoy Design menu prepared from local ingredients. (FoodSigthSeeing.fi) http://www.visithelsinki.fi

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HERITAGE

Birmingham – Of Canals, Balti and Jewellery

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England's ‘Second City’, often referred to as ‘Brum’- Birmingham in the U.K., is the most populous British city outside London with an abundance of things to see and do – historic attractions, green spaces, music venues, theatres, art galleries, restaurants and a buzzing nightlife. Green Birmingham

It evolved from a market town as early as 1166 when Peter de Birmingham rightfully earned the charter to establish a market from King Henry II. There are quite a few interesting and quirky facts about Birmingham that very few are aware of or care to learn about. Despite being a vibrant, constantly changing city, Birmingham is one of the greenest cities in the United Kingdom and has plenty of parks and open spaces to enjoy and to discover. Interestingly, it has more trees than Paris and more parks than any other European city. The Birmingham Botanical Gardens and Glasshouses, a 15-acre oasis of delight, is the home of the National Bonsai Collection and an ideal place to soak up the tranquillity of a perfectly English garden. Likewise, the Cannon Hill Park is one of Birmingham's premier parks and has been awarded Green Flag status. With wonderful flowerbeds, lakes, pools and a unique tree collection, it is easy to understand why. What makes Birmingham even more beautiful are its canals which incidentally surpass those in Venice by about 22 miles. This is not surprising because while Venice does have a very dense network of canals, it is a tiny May, 2011

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place compared to Birmingham. Birmingham’s Gas Street Basin lies at the hub of England's national waterways network. Located alongside the canal network in Brindleyplace, a waterfront expansion built in the 1990’s, is the National Sea Life Centre, home to the world's first 360 degree transparent tubular underwater walk-through tunnel providing an opportunity to come close to marine species. Birmingham’s canals played a very important role in the Industrial Revolution of England when the ‘city of thousand trades’ was also known as ‘the workshop of the world’. Added to this was the excellent railway network which supported the trade. The Curzon Street Station Building by Phillip Hardwick, as counterpart to the notorious Euston Arch in London is one of the important pieces of railway architecture globally. Of special mention is the jewellery industry dating back to the early 18th century. The historic Jewellery Quarter, the oldest working area of its kind in Europe has the largest concentration of dedicated jewellers and was described by English Heritage as a ' national treasure'. Almost half of all the jewellery made in the U.K. comes from this 250 year district, home to around 400 specialist retailers selling handcrafted jewellery, clocks and watches. St. Paul's Square, the only remaining Georgian architecture in Birmingham is located here along with the Pen Room Museum and the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists. Birmingham also has the largest Assay Office in the world which tests and hallmarks precious metal items as required by the Hallmarking Act. May, 2011

Home of Inventors

Birmingham was home to the Lunar Society, an informal learned society in the Midlands Enlightenment, including industrialists, philosophers and intellectuals who met from 17651813 during the full moon, as the extra light made the journey home easier in absence of

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street lighting. Among the city's notable scientists and inventors are Matthew Boulton, proprietor of the Soho engineering works, Sir Francis Galton, originator of eugenics and important techniques in statistics, Joseph Priestley, who discovered oxygen and James Watt, inventor of the steam engine. F.W Lanchester built the first

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four-wheeled petrol driven car in Birmingham. Other notable inventions include: gas lighting (William Murdoch), Brylcreem (by the County Chemical Company in Bradford Street in 1928), coinage (Mathew Boulton), the magnetron and Lewis Paul and John Wyatt's first cotton Roller Spinning machine. The whistle used by Kate Winslet in James Cameron’s film Titanic was based on the original whistle used to save people's lives when the ship sunk. It was made by Birmingham based J. Hudson & Company who are still trading today and are the world’s largest manufacturer of whistles. On the medical front, U.K.'s first ever hole-in-the-heart operation was done at Birmingham Children's Hospital and the use of X-rays (radiography) was pioneered by John Hall-Edwards from Birmingham. Birmingham City Council is the biggest local authority in Europe employing twice as many people as the European Commission. The frieze above the Council House main door depicts Britannia rewarding the citizens of Birmingham for their hard work. Birmingham’s Central Library is Europe's largest public library lending 8 million books annually. Centenary Square, adjacent to the library is made from over half a million bricks, hand laid and designed to resemble a Turkish rug. Interestingly, the Great Western Arcade, a mecca for shoppers, was built with an all glass dome which was destroyed in World War II. Romantically located on the canals, the Mailbox and the Bull Ring are home to several designer stores, spas and salons. May, 2011

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Festive and Literary City

Birmingham always boasted of a strong literary heritage. Samuel Johnson stayed here briefly, Arthur Conan Doyle worked in Aston and W. H. Auden grew up in Harborne. J. R. R. Tolkien was brought up here and many locations here as the Moseley bog, Sarehole Mill and Perrott's Folly (one of Birmingham’s oldest buildings from 1758 said to be the original inspiration for The Two Towers) inspired him. American writer Washington Irving spent many years here producing several famous works as Bracebridge Hall, The Humorists and A Medley based on the Aston Hall. Birmingham also has a hugely compelling and eclectic cultural spectrum which hosts a selection of festivals with music, dance and good old-fashioned family entertainment. The annual St. Patrick’s Day is the third biggest festival outside Dublin and New York dating back to 1952 with the Irish coming to work here from the 1820’s. Birmingham also hosts the largest Vaisakhi celebration outside Asia to the beats of the Bhangra which is home to 90 per cent of Bhangra music originating in the U.K. Incidentally, Birmingham is the centre for Asian music industry in the U.K. The world's oldest vocational dance school – Elmhurst School for Dance is in Birmingham. The city is also home to many famous rock bands–Duran Duran, UB40, Black Sabbath, etc., and often described as the birthplace of heavy metal. Odeon Cinema’s a British chain of cinema‘s and the largest in Europe had it first theatre opened here in 1930. As regards

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sports, the first game of lawn tennis was played in Edgbaston in 1865. As the most multi-cultural city outside London, gastronomic Birmingham too does not lag behind with its platter of varied global cuisine offered in its many cafés, bars, bistro’s, stylish restaurants and wayside eateries. The Balti (bucket in Urdu), a type of curry invented here in the 1970’s by the Pakistani immigrants, has rapidly become a favourite, both within and outside the community. The acclaimed 'Balti Triangle’ with its 50 odd restaurants and takeaways is renowned for giant naans (leavened, oven-baked flatbread) served with a delicious combination of meat and vegetables in sizzling spices. Birmingham is also chocoholic heaven. Cadbury World provides insight into the world famous chocolate and the world’s biggest Cadbury Shop. The packaging plant here wraps approximately 800 chocolate bars each minute. In this context, George Cadbury’s Bourneville Estate (1894) deserves special mention for being one of the earliest planned communities focusing on the social welfare of its workforce. Other famous brands from Birmingham are the HP Sauce

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with its plant in Aston, the Typhoo tea – the first brand to be sold pre-packaged over the counter and Bird's custard powder formulated and cooked by Alfred Bird in 1837. Although Birmingham's industrial importance has declined, it has developed into a national commercial centre, being named in 2010 as the third-best place in U.K. for business. Birmingham is a national hub for conferences, retail and events along with an established high-tech, R&D sector, supported by three universities. It is also the second-largest city for economy in the U.K. Birmingham is ranked as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. It is the fourth-most visited city by foreigners in the U.K., and is definitely one to feel at home – truly cosmopolitan and full of surprises. By Ilika Chakravarty 27, Hazeltree Croft, Acocks Green, B27 7XS, U.K. Academy of Business Management, Tourism and Research, Hosur Road Bangalore, India ilika_c@yahoo.com

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press release services

PROFESSIONAL D e s t i n at i o n M a r k e t i n g U p d at e

PROFESSIONAL

D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

City Branding Must Reflect on the Past and Point to the Future City branding and identity of place have assumed centre-stage in policy debates around both economic development and urban leadership in recent years, as urban areas are forced to increasingly compete against each other for investment, talent and visitors. A report by EUROCITIES examined the best practice among Europeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s leading metropolises as a means to provide a toolkit for others to apply this learning to formulate their own brand identity and positioning strategy. The report takes in examples from cities as diverse as Manchester, Ghent and Tampere. Introduction

In early 2010, EUROCITIES established a Working Group on City Attractiveness and Brand Management, which involved over 40 European cities in a dialogue around a workable understanding of the role of place branding and global positioning in their economic development strategies. The work, discussed at several events across Europe, culminated in a special conference in Zaragoza, Spain in December 2010, where the report was adopted. In his introduction, the Deputy Mayor of Lyon and Vice-President of Greater Lyon JeanMichel Daclin charts the emergence of city branding as a consequence of the economic May, 2011

dimension of urban development, following its earlier concentration on spatial, security and sanitation issues. This new urban emphasis on marketing and branding, he considers, is a nat-

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 17 â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

ural development given the global era in which cities now have to compete internationally for talent, investors, events and tourists. As a key tool of urban development therefore, city

of Tourism

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Lessons T to be learned for the Future T of Tourism

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his book provides a unique analysis of the recent ﬁnancial crisis on world tourism and particularly the development models which contribute to reduce poverty.

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Order Form Tourism Development after the Crises Global Imbalances – Poverty Alleviation Edited by Prof. Dr. Peter Keller and Prof. Dr. Thomas Bieger 2011, XII, 248 pages, with numerous ﬁgures and tables, € (D) 39,95/USD 58.00, ISBN 978-3-503-13002-3 International Tourism Research and Concepts, Volume 5

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his book provides a unique analysis of the For further information:

Forrecent further information: ﬁnancial crisis on world tourism and particularly the development models which www.ESV.info/978-3-503-13002-3 contribute to reduce poverty.

The volume is based on the knowledge of a network of more than 300 researchers and includes experiences from Europe, Africa and Asia. It focuses on the latest economic crises as a framework for analyses and as atrealverl life case ag erich schmid study.

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Fax +49 (0) 30 25 00 85-275 Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG Genthiner Straße 30 G 10785 Berlin, Germany Right of revocation: Customers may revoke from the contract within two weeks after receipt of said goods. The notiﬁcation of revocation must be in writing to either your bookshop or Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Genthiner Str. 30 G, 10785 Berlin, Germany, Fax +49 (0) 30 250085 275, email: Vertrieb@ESVmedien.de (sending in due time is sufﬁcient). We only collect and process your data for the performance of the contract, for the fostering of the ongoing customer relationship and to inform you about our offers and prices. You can stop your data being used for advertising purposes at any time. If you would like to do so, please send a letter by post or fax, or send us an email at Service@ESVmedien.de. Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG · Sitz: Berlin · Persönlich haftende Gesellschafterin: ESV Verlagsführung GmbH · Amtsgericht: Berlin-Charlottenburg · 93 HRB 27 197 · Geschäftsführer: Dr. Joachim Schmidt

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developers have to consider “What is a city brand? How should it be developed and with whom? Which communication tools should be used? How should the brand be managed?” he argues. M Daclin counsels however that the report should not be seen a finished product of readymade branding solutions applicable in all European cities but moreover that it should be the starting point for debate, as cities are “by definition, multilayered and highly varied entities, where specific tailor-made policies are a prerequisite for durable long-term results.” It is worth noting that the academic publishing market is slightly over-burdened with costly ‘how to brand cities’ titles and that the immediate value of this (free) report is that it considers emerging patterns and success stories for wider debate rather than off-the-peg policy consumption. Main Findings

The report argues that having a city brand strategy brings the following value to cities: • increased competitiveness, resulting in a positive impact on investment, jobs, inhabitants, visitors and events; • higher returns on investment in real estate, infrastructure and events; • coherent city development, as the physical, social, economic and cultural aspects combine to deliver the brand promise; • pride in the city as the inhabitants, businesses and institutions experience a new sense of purpose and direction. May, 2011

It cites the example of Genoa, where in the 1980s and 1990s, its evolution from an industrial port to a city economy centred on tourism, services and technology saw the internationally renowned architect Renzo Piano employed by the city to construct a new image. Piano’s plan saw Genoa re-imagined as an ‘urban laboratory’ proud of its past but open to innovation, while fostering a sense of inclusion as well as growth through the planning process. This was symbolised by a new logo, centred on the word Genoa but signifying warmth. In contrast, the Swedish city of Karlstad has retained the same branding since

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D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

1989, relying on its reputation for hospitality and quality of life. The report considers that key to this process of working up a city brand is: • allowing cities to develop a long term vision for themselves – by thinking about what the city is, what the city wants to be, and how it wants to get there; • helping cities to focus on how they wish to develop in the future; • encouraging cities to think beyond their current situation in order to create new opportunities; • creating a dynamic environment that will attract and retain collective or individual talents. It also argues that cities need to define the strategy for the brand, including the key messages, the objectives, and the target audiences. When dealing with a brand anchored in a city’s identity, a number of options are available: • the fully architectured brand: the brand has a logo and a slogan with a precise meaning that creates an image and is highly memorable; • the propositional brand: the brand is a statement of, and a proof of, the positioning of the city; • the naked brand: the brand is the city itself, and the marketer has to change people’s perceptions of the city. Here the example of Munich is given, whereby before the 2006 World Cup, the city decided on building a city brand for a variety of uses. It began by defining a set of require-

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ments for the brand: that it should be quick to create, self-explanatory, cover all facets of the city, build on recognised symbols, be intelligible to global audiences, suitable for public and media relations, use the city itself as medium and allow for partner integration. The end result, the slogan ‘Munich loves you’ was considered to reflect all these requirements. Design features and imagery were then generated to capture the city’s core characteristics: quality of life and leisure time; excellent networks; economic and scientific hospitality; tolerance and cosmopolitan outlook; dynamic with high-achieving sports. The report also advances the view that stakeholder development is crucial for any successful city brand as city authorities cannot act alone but require input and ownership by the local private sector, tourist facilities and civil society. As such, the stakeholder approach must encompass a number of strands: • partnership: the stakeholder representatives need to work together using a partnership approach, to ensure buy-in and brand credibility; • leadership: the stakeholders partners need strong leadership to overcome any internal differences and to ensure progress and effective decision making; • continuity: continuity is fundamental in both the partnership and in the leadership, to ensure a long-term strategy and brand durability; • shared vision: stakeholders must share a vision for the future of the city if they are to formulate a clear brand strategy; May, 2011

• action-based implementation: to implement the brand strategy and create the brand, stakeholders must agree an appropriate set of actions at each stage. Finally, once the city brand has been developed, it needs to be promoted and communicated to its identified target groups. The report suggests that number of trends can be identified in terms of how cities currently promote their brands: • traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, radio and TV, are still very much part of the mix; approaches vary from traditional press relations to obtain editorial coverage in targeted newspapers, magazines or TV channels, to pure advertising, right through to promoting a city’s ranking in national or international city comparison tables; • specific events, where cultural, sporting or economic activities are hosted, are useful in promoting the city’s message to a specific target group; • ambassador networks are helping to spread city messages across the globe and are also useful in gaining brand support from members of the local community, by giving them Ambassador status; • social media increasingly offers the opportunity to communicate with younger target audiences who may be harder to access through more traditional media; merchandising tools can still be a very efficient way of promoting the city brand to a large audience.

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D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

Conclusion

The report concludes in drawing three central recommendations from the work over the past year: • as part of the link between a city’s brand offer and its identity, it must ensure that the brand message both points to a future perspective and remains rooted in the true story of the city. Cities should not seek to stretch the gap between rhetoric and reality however. • there are no shortcuts to successful branding, stakeholder involvement in brand development is crucial to ensure continuity and shared vision. However, clear leadership and brand management and governance are also necessary. • there is no single formula for success as cities have to respond to their own particular situation, but those which are proactive and aware of the experiences of others stand a greater chance of succeeding. By Andrew Stevens http://www.citymayors.com

PROFESSIONAL

D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

Destination Marketing for German Travelers

Working on the German market gives quite an impressive view on how the whole world is competing to attract the German tourist to their own destinations. Even in 2010, Germany, the so called “world travel champion”, confirmed its position as the top spender in leisure and business trips. May, 2011

Every possible strategy is developed and millions are spent in advertising campaigns. Nevertheless, to a certain extent, Germany remains largely traditional in its approach to advertising. For instance, if the social media are generally taking a wider part in the marketing strategies, on the German market their

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influence is definitely less relevant than elsewhere. The general public tends to be faithful to its own choices, sometimes visiting the same tourist destination for generations. Certainly it is quite difficult to define a linear or a trend strategy on such a market, a mix of best practices remains a viable solution. Even if, in gathering travel information, internet use has reached the widest majority of the population, to some extent certain target groups still search a human contact in order to place the final choice. For this reason fairs play a very important role and some among the most successful tourism exhibitions in the world take place in Germany. It is quite common to visit a fair as a family Sunday event. Press work plays a very important role in a country where newspapers and magazines are widely spread and are generally considered authoritative. Therefore a good article often motivates more people than web 2.0 strategies. The organization of press and fam trips

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has for this reason a paramount importance in order to convey the “destination experience” to the media and the travel trade. The need of comprehensive information before making any destination choice means that it is not always an easy task to motivate a client to change its habits for something new. To communicate new facts about a well known destination or to try leading a costumer towards a new one involves proficient writing and a good mix between advertorial and advertising techniques. The Germans need to feel safe and to prepare a trip thoroughly in

May, 2011

order to minimize potential risks, meaning also not to find themselves in an unfamiliar situation without knowing how to react. Despite the complexity this market might present, working in Germany is highly rewarding especially in terms of general public faithfulness. Once convinced, and positively impressed, the German will probably keep coming back to a tourist destination and spread the news among his acquaintances. By Maggioni Tourist Marketing http://www.maggioni-tm.de

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D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

PROFESSIONAL

D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

Social Media Marketing: Tourists Are the New Marketers As the popularity of social media increases among users, so does the popularity of social media marketing among destinations. The key words for tourists and marketers in this constantly-changing online game are CREATE, SHARE and INTERACT. In recent years, a growing share of destination marketing efforts was directed to social media tools such as blogs, Twitter, Facebook and YouTube. Social media marketing seeks to engage customers with the destination, in an active state in which users become participants. Social media marketing revolves around social interaction, conversation, collaboration and the creation of online content. In 2011, this marketing trend is gaining even more power, as the popularity of social media breaks all limits. For example, there are now over 500M active Facebook users and approximately 175M Twitter accounts. Even of greater importance, is that social media channels are becoming major tools for human interaction, in which people share information and learn what’s new and what matters. Social media marketing in 2011 takes the use of the audience one step further, shifting even more control and responsibility into the hands of web users. Within this context, the online tourist is now taking several roles: May, 2011

• CREATE. Web users are creating a tourism-related user generated content, such as uploading pictures and videos, share experiences and recommend attractions. For this purpose, a growing number of destinations provide online interaction

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platforms such as a Facebook page and a Twitter account. • SHARE. Web users share the content they generated with their social network, adding more friends to the conversation and distributing the destination. Destinations

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might support the sharing process using competitions in which users have to gain votes or ‘likes’. • INTERACT. Web users interact with the destination, leveraging single visit to a long-term online relationship. By creating and maintaining relationships, the destination will echo lauder and longer through the web, and in real life as well. For example, ‘Capture Jordan’ is a new marketing initiative launched by Jordan Tourism Board in March 2011. In this photo contest, people who visited Jordan are encouraged to upload May, 2011

their pictures and compete for a prize. This simple contest enfolds the key social media marketing components: users are creating content by uploading pictures; share the pictures with their network to gain more votes; and interact with destination Jordan, re-living their memories and supporting tourism for the country. To conclude, as the popularity of social media increases among users, so does the popularity of social media marketing among destinations. In this constantly-changing online arena, web users are now becoming the center of a game in which they generate the content, distrib-

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D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

ute it and consume it. While the role of web users changes, so does the role of destination marketing organizations, required for in-depth understanding of new media, ground-breaking creativity and pioneering innovation. By Eran Ketter Eran Ketter is a tourism marketing professional, the director of E. Ketter Consulting and the co-author of the book: "Media Strategies for Marketing Place in Crisis: Improving the Image of Cites, Countries and Tourist Destinations" (Elsevier, 2008). http://www.eKetter.com

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D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

Destination Marketing: Creating Events with Impact “There is no point in average.” Wise words said by a colleague recently that have struck a chord. Some of the buzzwords that have been prevalent in our industry in the past year have included 1. Value 2. Sustainability 3. Creativity / Budget 4. ROI, ROE, ROR (I for investment, E for engagement, R for relationships) What we have are clients who still need to create events with impact, but who also must prove the value of the events to their internal clients. On incentive programs, we have definitely seen the numbers to decrease on programs as qualifying for incentive programs becomes more challenging when sales targets across all industries are harder to reach. For conference programming, numbers are slowly beginning to rise again as travel restrictions are lifted. The worldwide use of the internet and its many associated social media streams has made us globally closer and has exponentially increased our access to information. As the access to information continues to grow, the need for service providers who are experts in their areas will become even more important. This will cut across all sectors as the need for life-long learning drives conference May, 2011

attendance for association members who must stay current with the rapid changes affecting all global industries. Organizations at the agency level – incentive houses, PR firms and experiential marketing agencies will need to remain ahead of the curve to ensure success for their clients. Destination Management Companies who provide services to both end clients and agency clients representing others have an expertise that

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includes the “bread and butter” logistics of transportation, accommodation, activities and events and when this expertise is fully utilized there is much gain to be had for the clients. First understanding your program objectives is critical. You must choose a destination that meets these objectives, whether these are reward, motivation, inspiration or transformation. Once the destination is chosen, a partner who not only has the knowledge of the des-

of Tourism

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Lessons T to be learned for the Future T of Tourism

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esellschafterin: ESV Verlagsführung · Amts Berlin-Charlottenburg · lease send a letter by post or fax,GmbH or send usgericht: an email at 3 HRB 27 197 · Geschäftsführer: Dr. Joachim Schmidt

ate/Signature .................................................................... 2011haftende & Co. KG · Sitz:May, Berlin · Persönlich

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PROFESSIONAL

his book provides a unique analysis of the recent ﬁnancial crisis on world tourism and particularly the development models which contribute to reduce poverty.

D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

Asia. It focuses on the latest economic crises as a framework for analyses and as a real life case A substantial contribution for the impact study.

Address ...............................................................................

of tourism development in time of global A substantial contribution for the impact imbalances!

Fax .....................................................................................

of tourism development in time of global imbalances!

Postcode .............................................................................

Email .......................................................................... Date/Signature ....................................................................

T www.ESV.info/978-3-503-13002-3

his book provides a unique analysis of the For further information:

Forrecent further information: ﬁnancial crisis on world tourism and particularly the development models which www.ESV.info/978-3-503-13002-3 contribute to reduce poverty.

Please order at your bookshop or send it directly to: Erich Schmidt Verlag— GmbH 26& Co. —KG Genthiner Str. 30 G · 10785 Berlin · Germany

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tination, but an innate understanding of how to deliver relevant and impactful events that will drive to these objectives is critical. Seamless operations are the average, the norm, the basis for your program. Understanding how to weave elements that will inspire imaginations, drive innovation, embrace and encourage connection and communication… this is when the experience becomes elevated and meaningful. This requires strategic development of a program that at each touch-point, from the first announcement to the final good-bye is memorable. It requires a team that is passionate about continually raising the bar, and welcoming guests to their home with open hearts and smiles that engage, and who wants to make sure that at the end of the day, the client basks in the glow of having made a great choice, even as we know they are moving on to another program. When seeking the services of any professional service organization, you do need to seek value, and to understand the value is not always the lowest price. Rather great value comes from a combination of choices. For a meeting or incentive program this may include the airlift, ground transportation and accommodation options, amenities, overall feeling of the destination and the activities and events, and potentially education and networking opportunities. Ultimately part of this becomes about choosing a team that will have synergy with your team and bring a vision to life. When you can find the combination that has the best

May, 2011

fit, then you will be assured of a successful program where relationships are deepened and objectives are exceeded. That is the future of what every event needs to be. Is it looking up? Yes, definitely, clients are looking to the future rather than reacting so much to immediate needs, and are able to see that with planning and structure, programs that will drive sales are back on the rise and that travel incentives remain an “ultimate” reward, one that is worth spending the time to earn. Conferences as noted above are also

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D e s t i na t i on M a r k e t i ng U pda t e

on the upswing, and trade shows are seeing improved attendance. The outlook is not quite rosy, but it is certainly refreshing to see that the importance of face to face connections is recognized, and the opportunities will continue to grow. By Tahira Endean CMP–Director, Team Creative and Production, Cantrav Services Inc. http://www.cantrav.com

ETHICAL

Tourism & Peace Hand in Hand

Is tourism contributing to peace? How can a post-war country start developing its tourism potential? Who is a peaceful traveler? Discover the connection between peace and tourism!

ETHICAL

Does Tourism Promote Peaceful Coexistence?

Tourism professionals and tourism scholars have long grabbled with the question if tourism promotes peace. Certainly this is a concept that tourism industry professionals want to believe. Yet, the answer to this intellectual query is not cut and dry. The basic assumption of those who see tourism as a peace generator is that tourism May, 2011

allows people to know each other, to work with each other, and to learn to appreciate each other’s cultures and by so doing come to appreciate each other. Tourism then is a giant “communication generator” that allow mutual understanding and therefore appreciation of the other. Thus, in 1988 Louis d’Amour called tourism “the world’s peace industry”. Others,

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Tour i s m & P e a c e H a nd i n H a nd

including academics agree. Thus, Levy and Hawkins in 2008 wrote in an article entitled: “Peace Through Tourism: Commerce Based Principles and Practices” and stated that: “a positive framework of peace can include influences such as transparency, material well being, culture and education”. Is this assumption true, or do we need to question these concepts a bit further? Can we argue that the idea that tourism promotes peace should not be taken as axiomatic, but rather as a hypothesis that needs to be studied? Mistakes can be costly, and can produce multiple negative results. For example, many criminologists believe that poverty produces crime, yet the data seem to contradict this belief and policies based on this hypothesis have failed. In the same way is the jury still out as to whether tourism does or does not promote peace? To make this assumption even more difficult there is no one standard definition of tourism. Many people mean different things when they say tourism, and there are multiple forms of tourism ranging from family vacations to business trips, from sun and surf vacations to visits to poverty and disaster sites. In a like manner there is no one definition of “peace.” When we use the word peace, do we define it: as the absence of war, or the absence of violence, or do we define peace as mutual understanding and a sense of appreciation of the other? Is peace through tourism defined as a lack of hostilities between nations or do we define tourism peace as the ability to live or visit a place without undue probabilities that the resident or visitor will be physically harmed?

ETHICAL

These are major questions. If we mean to state that nations that engage in tourism interchanges never enter into war, then it is not hard to find multiple counter examples to this hypothesis. In fact, most nations that have gone to war have had tourism interchanges before entering into hostilities. In a like manner, there are a number of nations around the world which are technically “at peace” but within whose borders there is a great deal of hostility and violence. Can we relate physical criminal acts with the lack of peace? Lastly there is the issue of civil wars. Clearly there are many situations in which the citizens of the same country know each other, have shared a great deal of commonality and most likely have had internal tourism, but for other reasons have chosen to go to war. Do we need to ask in these situations, why did tourism not prevent war? Just as there is no one definition of peace, so the tourism literature is not absolutely one sided when it comes to the question of tourism promoting peace. For example in a March 2006 paper entitled “Tourism and Peace: The Traveller” by Sashana Askjellerud the author notes that: • an increase in such (tourism) contacts may intensify and perpetuate misconceptions about foreigners; • the presentation of tourism as a 'peace industry' is a ploy to disguise its true impact; • the proposition that travel improves understanding is a Western, rather than universal perception; and • attitude change at the individual level has little impact on policy development at the national level. May, 2011

Furthermore, most tourism professionals know that there is a great deal of tourism that is not an in-depth experience, but from a cultural or personal interchange perspective superficial. To complicate the issue still further there is also the class difference between many tourists and the tourist providers. This class differentiation between the tourism consumer and the tourism provider is especially true in cases of tourism from the developed world to underdeveloped world. Not all tourism is “good tourism”. Thus, many of the Caribbean islands and some South-

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Tour i s m & P e a c e H a nd i n H a nd

eastern Asian nations have had to deal with the issue of sex tourism or even worse child sex tourism. In those cases, we may expect that the “cultural interchange” was anything but positive. Much to the contrary, it may be possible to hypothesize that the greater the numbers of tourists who come to these underdeveloped lands, the higher the resentment factor and the less likely that feelings of comradery develop. Finally, it is highly imaginable that in places where customer service is lacking, where visitors may be subject to becoming crime victims, and where visitors may prey on

ETHICAL

locals, that the interchange between cultures may be far from positive. The data then seem to be far from conclusive. We can find many examples where tourists and locals have shared very positive experiences, but we can also find counter examples where exposure to another culture, especially when it goes against the tourist’s cultural or moral principles produces negative intercultural feelings rather than positive ones. An example of the latter is bullfighting. A visit to a bullfight may produce a better understanding of Spanish culture or it may simply reinforce negative feelings toward Spanish culture. Here are some ideas to help use your tourism product as a peacemaker rather than as a hostility/resentment producer: • Make sure that your community is as safe and secure as possible. While no one can guarantee 100% security, the safer your community, the higher the probability that the visitor will not have a negative experience. • Be true to yourself and be the best that you can be. Know that you are different from your visitors. If you were the same they would most likely not come, so promote who you are and be proud of your own culture. Never try to be what you are not. • Stress customer service. Some things are universal, for example showing that people care, smiling and a sense of compassion are universal concepts that can win lots of friends. • Know your community’s own strengths and weaknesses. Not every tourism site will appeal to every visitor. Niche market, go after

May, 2011

those people who will most benefit from what your locale has to offer. • Focus on the individual. You are not responsible for national policy, for international terrorism or economic disagreements. Instead build relationships on a one-by-one basis. • It is not clear if tourism actually generates peace or not, but what is clear is that providing a safe, clean and caring locale makes life a whole lot nicer not only for visitors but also for the local residents. By Dr. Peter E. Tarlow Dr. Peter E. Tarlow is the president of Tourism &More Inc, located in College Station, Texas, USA. He can be reached at his email address ptarlow@tourismandmore.com or by telephone at +1-979-764-8402. http://www.tourismandmore.com

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ETHICAL

Tour i s m & P e a c e H a nd i n H a nd

Africa: Development of Tourism Contributing to Peace Peace is a fragile commodity – it breaks easily and must be protected and defended against its many enemies. It is of vital importance that we make our peace as strong as possible – that we build our peace on rock, and not on sand – to use a biblical expression. The intermittent outbreaks of violence, conflicts and terrorist attacks in different parts of the world, and the increases in crime and violence, remind us that we live in an uncertain and dangerous world. The challenges the world is facing today are immense and varied. There are crises in the Middle East, the Korean Peninsula and Africa; threads of terrorism and religious radicalism continue; there are clear and irrefutable signals that our present lifestyles and consumption patterns are causing dangerous harm to the fragile ecosystems that support life on Earth. The consequences are to be seen in global warming and the struggle for sustainability. And then, overriding it all, the vast and worsening divide between haves and have-nots with the explosive potential that unfulfilled needs and expectations are creating. Poverty, with all its problems of malnutrition, disease, crime, social collapse and the breeding ground for violence and terrorism – constitute a real threat to long term peace, stability and freedom. Addressing this problem has moved May, 2011

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ETHICAL

to the top of the world agenda, It was against this background that the 189 members of the UN General Assembly unanimously agreed to the Millennium Declaration in 2000 – as a declaration of intent and a commitment to work for a better world in the 21st Century. Regarding peace the declaration say: “We are determined to establish a just and lasting peace all over the world in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter” The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) was drawn from the Millennium Declaration. These Goals constituted an unprecedented promise by world leaders to address, as a single package, peace, security, development, human rights and fundamental freedoms. The key to unlock the implementation of the Millennium Declaration is Peace and security. Without a climate of peace we will not succeed in meeting the Development Goals – they will stay outside our reach. One may ask – how does tourism fit into this picture. Well, as a truly global business and a core sector of the world economy tourism has become a major international role player. Over more than half a century tourism has been the fastest growing economic activity. In 1950 International tourist arrivals (the way in which tourism growth is measured) were 25 million arrivals. In 2005 (55 years later) it broke through the barrier of 800 million and reached 843 million in 2006. And, the long term trends for the tourism industry are incredibly positive. The tourism industry is expected to double in size over the next 12-14 years – faster in some regions than in others – simply because boundMay, 2011

aries are going down and disposable incomes are going up. According to the figures of the IMF (International Monetary Fund) tourism has become the biggest export industry – bigger than the chemical or motor industries. Tourism is highly labour intensive and one of the biggest employers in the world – particularly for women and young people. Tourism consists of more small, micro and medium sized businesses, providing more products and services to the tourism industry, than any other economic sector. It has a strong impact on local farming, fishing, handicrafts, services and even on the construction industry. Tourism is also a frontline industry when it comes to poverty-reduction. International tourism receipts for Developing countries amounts to about US$ 250 billion. In the 49 LDC’s (Least Developed Countries) – of which the vast majority are in Africa – 46 (that is 46

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out of 49) have tourism as one of their three leading sources of foreign exchange. For many poor countries tourism remains one of the few – if not the only – opportunity for development. The contribution of tourism to conservation and sustainable development is critical – the natural environment is the most important product on which the tourism industry depends – whether it is in the form of beaches, mountains, ski-slopes, or game parks, to name but a few. Tourism has shown its capacity to serve as a tool that can be used to achieve the right balance between social, economic and environmental goals. Tourism has the ability to build bridges of understanding and tolerance between peoples and nations – it promotes world peace. Think about it for a moment: Every peace agreement includes tourism exchanges as one of its first components. It is people-to-people contacts that establish the first bridges to cultural understanding and tolerance. That is why UNWTO has quietly been driving tourism projects to help build post-conflicts development in East Timor, Sri Lanka, Rwanda and even in DPR Korea. And when it comes to development, Tourism is one of the best – and often the only option – for many of the world’s poor countries to create new jobs, provide opportunities – particularly for women – and to help lift people out of poverty. That is why UNWTO is helping countries to place tourism at the core of their Development and Poverty Reduction Strategies

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When it comes to the MDG – tourism is – directly or indirectly – related to all the goals. Peace and Tourism belong together – they are inter-related. Without peace there can be no tourism, but tourism can also contribute to the peace process. Peace is a journey that demands continued effort. It requires that we vigorously protect and advance those rights and values that form the foundation of real peace. In such a climate tourism will flourish, as will other economic activities. Africa is well positioned to derive more value from tourism. Its tourism strength however, is above all to be found in its originality and authenticity. It has a lot to offer that can no longer be found elsewhere. Africa still has a legacy of romanticism as the continent of the explorers and as a place for adventures. May, 2011

Africa is an exciting continent but its progress and development are hampered, amongst other, by the impediments created by poor or non-existent infrastructure and fragile developing economies. However, most African countries have one, common, unique selling property, namely an abundance of Africa’s diverse and fascinating fauna and flora. If this great natural wealth can be correctly conserved and managed, their sustainable utilization should contribute significantly to the long-term development of the continent. One of the most successful and powerful initiatives to utilize the immense value of Africa’s natural potential comes from the concept of Peace Parks and Transfrontier Conservation Areas. The principle is to integrate large tracks of land crossing national boundaries into Peace Parks. The goal is to advance sustainable eco-

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nomic development, the conservation of biodiversity and regional peace and stability. The concept of Peace Parks has the potential to open many new doors for Africa’s development. Peace Parks can be created across the continent and linked together to create unique animal kingdoms and make Africa the world’s leader in the protection of fauna and flora. The economic benefits would be enormous – mindboggling. The world has lost more than 30% of its plant, fish and animal species over the past 30 years. It has lost more than 30% of its forests. Suffice to say that with Peace Parks across Africa we would create “lungs” for the world – lungs that can become the backbone of Africa’s economic growth over the next three decades. Tourism is already making a major contribution towards achieving the MDG – it could be used more effectively in many developing countries. It is crucial for our generation to fulfill the dream and make the MDGs a reality. The opportunity is ours to make the Millennium Development Goals a reality. We must not wait for others – we have to do it ourselves – not by blaming others – but by using our opportunities to make Africa a continent of peace and progress. To achieve that goal the strength of tourism should be more effectively used as a tool for sustainable development and poverty alleviation. This challenge is our opportunity. (Address presented at the Fourth African Conference, Uganda 2007) By Dr. Dawid DeVilliers (former Deputy Secretary General UNWTO) http://www.iipt.org

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Tourism and Peace, Peace and Tourism – An Inseparable Union

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There are many ways to look at the relation between tourism and peace. From a perspective that seems to be purely economic only at first sight, it is clear that tourism is intrinsically linked to affluence, to affluent societies, to leisure time: tourism means travel for fun, for relaxation, out of pure personal will–in contrast to other forms of travel that are linked to work or even survival, like migration, the search for a better life elsewhere. Only someone who does not have to worry about her or his immediate economic future can afford to spend money on short-time fun travel, which is the essence of tourism, no matter how fun is defined personally. The poor do not travel for fun, they usually cannot afford the luxurious experience to be carefree tourists from time to time. Of course, this statement only holds true if we exclude more recent and complex western phenomena like cheap tourism offers to mass resorts for the “working poor” of the industrialized nations. Perception of “peaceful conditions”

Societies whose citizens are generally welloff in economic turns (not only a tiny “upper crust” of the society) can only become so under peaceful conditions. Therefore, tourists usually are citizens of peaceful, economically more or less stable states – and they usually wish or even expect to visit likewise states or regions. Peaceful conditions in their travel destinations are expected by tourists – but what exactly are these peaceful conditions? PeaceMay, 2011

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which say that “visiting tourists or other outsiders have never been harmed” cannot be explained. An important question arises: Is peace just the absence of physical violence? Can a country stricken by well-known political strife, undemocratic conditions and bad governance, and, along with this, the obvious poverty of most of its citizens be perceived as peaceful? Obviously so – otherwise raving accounts by tourists about their visits to, for example, “Golden” Burma would be unthinkable. Not many interesting places left to go, if …

ful for whom? Foremost, of course, for the tourists themselves – they expect peaceful surroundings, surroundings that are not dangerous for their own well-being. How far these peaceful surroundings are expected to go, is a highly subjective matter. More sensitive types of travellers will probably expect the whole country or wider region they visit to offer peaceful conditions not only for themselves during their stay or journey, but also for the permanent inhabitants. Others seem to be more immune to the human environment they encounter. Otherwise, constant news in the wake of long-term conflicts May, 2011

But what of tourism from the perspective of countries experiencing ongoing violent conflict? Iraq is not on the list of top tourist attractions, but these days some more adventuresome tourists are once again taking in the archaeological sites of Ur, the Arch of Ctesiphon and the holy cities of Najaf and Kerbala. What a welcome sight they must be to the local hotel staff and even the people on the street. A long awaited sign of some return to normality. Despite the fighting in the North of Sri Lanka, the sunset on the beaches of Kalutara and the ancient Sigiriya frescoes are no less spectacular or worthy of a visit. There are wonderfully rewarding experiences and sights to be had in these regions on the less beaten track. And if countries with violent conflicts are somewhat more risky, Sri Lanka (for example) is for the most part probably more dangerous in terms of its roads and local driving environment, than in terms of the direct violence which exists in the

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The Credo of the Peaceful Traveler

Grateful for the opportunity to travel and experience the world and because peace begins with the individual, I affirm my personal responsibility and commitment to: Journey with an open mind and gentle heart Accept with grace and gratitude the diversity I encounter Revere and protect the natural environment which sustains all life Appreciate all cultures I discover Respect and thank my hosts for their welcome Offer my hand in friendship to everyone I meet Support travel services that share these views and act upon them and By my spirit, words and actions, encourage others to travel the world in peace International Institute for Peace Through Tourism, IIPT.org

country. So if you go, do yourself a favour and get a professional driver to take you around. Being aware of the surroundings

At the end of the day, if we avoid every conflict-affected country, it is a sad fact that there are not many interesting places left to go to. Goodbye India and Sri Lanka, Mexico and Brazil, Morocco and Algeria, Israel and Palestine, Thailand and the Philippines, and many more of the world’s most fascinating places. Welcome to Club Med. It is up to the traveller to

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decide what kind of experience they want to have. For some, the Club Med experience is exactly what they are looking for in a vacation. For the rest of us, it is important to keep in mind that risk is manageable in most situations. Just as there are some neighbourhoods to be avoided in and around Paris, there are areas which should be avoided in countries in conflict. One must be aware of one’s surroundings. The payoff can be an unforgettable and wonderful experience in a new and captivating culture. Impact of tourism

The more interesting questions may be ethical in nature. What is the relationship between the tourist and the local country and society? What is the impact on the conflict itself, on the local society? What is the impact if tourists stop going to such places? What is, in the end, better for the people who have to live yearround in these countries? The short answer is, “it depends”. Countries in conflict tend to have serious economic problems, with high levels of inequality and poverty. When tourists stop coming, there is little that can replace the lost income. Suffering increases. And this must be the measure of ethical tourism – not only in areas of conflict, but everywhere. Ethical tourism in a conflict area reduces suffering. It increases the wellbeing of the local population. Beyond the economic dimensions, it increases the visibility of their plight, exposing the internal situation to the outside world. It brings in new perspectives from the outside. May, 2011

It is therefore rare that a complete boycott of a country may contribute to an improvement in the conditions of the host society. The strongest candidate for this kind of boycott could be Apartheid-era South Africa. But such boycotts based on an ethical or moral objection to a political system only work when those most affected are those who have the power, as was the case in South Africa. More often, those affected are from among the poorer segments of society, who already face hardships imposed by an unjust political, economic or social system. The result is the same when there is a drop in tourism due to internal conflicts. Many are dependent on tourists for earning their living. Without this income, many are faced with greater poverty and misery. Tourists cannot bring peace to a country. But we can bring resources in terms of economic stimulation, as witnesses to the conditions and realities on the ground, and in terms of sharing our own knowledge and experience with our hosts. The presence of tourists, which is often vital for governments’ budgets, also tends to have a moderating impact on internal repression. It is easier to do dirty work with no witnesses around. Good guests contribute to peace

Most of all, we should remember that when we travel to another country, we are guests of that host society. And guests have the responsibility of behaving well. Our presence will have a positive effect on a larger scale, as long as we make sure to be good guests. We are good

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guests when we limit our impact on the local environment, when we do not take advantage of poverty to engage in sex tourism, when we treat the local population with dignity and respect. When our interaction is that of one human being with another human being, recognizing our common humanity and celebrating our diversity, we make that small personal contribution to peace. And most of all, we may find that on our return home, we continue on this path, making our own society just that much more peaceful. (Originally published in Integra 'Tourism and Peace / Tourism and conflict'.) By Karin Chladek and Augustin Nicolescou Augustin Nicolescou has worked with the IICP (The Institute for Integrative Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding) since it was founded. He coordinates the IICP’s dialogue project in Sri Lanka, conducts research, trainings, and manages the office IT and website. Karin Chladek is editor-in-chief of Integra and responsible for press and public relations of respect – Institute for Integrative Tourism and Development. Her academic background is science journalism and communication. http://www.respect.at

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Peace Building through Tourism? Mediators Needed - With tourism there is a need for education of local people and that in return will positively influence someone's chances on the labor market. - There are always influential people among tourists and some might come back and invest or help set up other community projects (education, environment, health, etc) Nevertheless, there is need for outside mediation. It will be very difficult to bring together abused people with their experiences, and tourists. The approach must be soft without shocking both sides. Local people might be shocked by the richness and holiday-behaviour that tourists bring along. Tourists, of course, will also be torn by the dramas they get to hear from local people. It is very possible to unite those extremes but, mediators will have to help. Once common understanding has been achieved, the roads are clear for bigger projects. So, how could the whole process kick off? It can only be a well-planned step-by-step implementation of tourism projects. A lot, of course, depends on the size and kind of conflict that has just finished. And the financial power of local people and governments does play an important role as well. Post-war environments might not be seen fit and secure enough to encourage travelers to

What are the factors that tourism and peace have in common? Are there examples that and how tourism has facilitated peace or cooled down conflicts? Both questions are extremely interesting and need a lot more consideration than they have received so far. Patterns of conflicts are very different from each other and each needs its own approach of peace-keeping measures and conflict disengagement. The one thing that might certainly have a common positive effect on calming down sentiments after a conflict is tourism. Here are some reasons that will, without doubt, help stabilize a fragile post-conflict environment: - Tourism employs people - Tourism will create necessary funds to improve the destroyed infrastructures - By talking to tourists, locals will be able speak about their conflict experiences - Museums can be created and help confront both tourists and locals with the taboos of conflict and atrocities - New beautiful environments will be created for tourists, something that locals can also benefit from - Tourists will help give local people a better understanding of the western society - Locals will educate tourists about the conflict and build awareness May, 2011

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visit such a country or region, therefore: Local authorities must be encouraged to guarantee the safety and security that is needed for a touristic environment. Without the willingness and the sources to provide security, the whole project will end in disaster if only a single tourist is killed. All former conflict parties that are present in such a region will have to participate in negotiations and must be convinced that tourism will benefit both sides. Otherwise we have a potential for renewed conflict. Peacekeeping forces or other security forces in a former conflict zone will often say that tourism hinders their operations or that an area is not fit for tourism. I, personally, have not seen a single local civilian in a former conflict zone who is not keen and happy to welcome tourists! That, of course, does not mean that certain preconditions are to be ignored... May, 2011

The first businesses that will open in a postconflict area are likely markets, restaurants, stalls at beautiful locations. Mediators could, together with tour operators, encourage this kind of soft tourism first by directing day-trips into such a region. It is important that local people get the chance to participate in the business. Otherwise the entrepreneurs will all be outsiders who have the money to create business (another potential for renewed conflict). Next might be information centers – tourists want to know about the conflict – but without being overrun by extreme views. Sensitive, yet open, ways of information are needed. Hotels and resorts will follow last. An investment into such a project needs long-term stability and sustained peace. Getting local governments on board of planning and realizing tourism projects in their

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respective conflict zone also bears some problems. Information on conflicts should not be propaganda with the potential to stir up renewed trouble. Again, international mediators might be helpful to avoid exactly that. There are a few success stories where tourism has encouraged the peace building process: Sarajevo after the war, Cambodia (despite other problems that tourism has brought along). There is also high potential for the success of tourism and peace in many other regions of the world: Palestine, South Lebanon, Iraq, many African countries, Timor... the list is endless. By Armin Hermann http://www.internationalpeaceandconflict.org

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Peace and Tourism â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Key Organizations There are quite a few people who believe that one of the key aspects to promoting increased peace and understanding in the world is through facilitating positive interaction between individuals and communities from diverse backgrounds. The assumption is by learning about each other's cultures, languages, lives, that people can discover what they have in common, as well as explore their differences and possibly build long-term friendships that can have a positive impact on the world. In recent years, there has been increasing discussion about the role of peace tourism, as well as voluntourism (where individuals visit other countries and engage in community service projects in addition to seeing the sights), and eco-tourism (trying to minimize the impact on the environment). As with any activity, travel has both potentially negative and positive impacts. The negative impacts include significant environmental impacts through plane and other high-carbon forms of travel, destruction of local environments, sometimes contributing to exploitation of locals who are not treated fairly in the service economy, lack of respect for local traditions and cultures and more. On the other hand tourism conducted in partnership, that seeks to develop a sustainable May, 2011

form of economic development, minimizes negative environmental impacts and facilitates true learning and exchange between cultures can have a life-long impact. There are a number of organizations and initiatives that are working on the issues of peace and tourism, ranging from policy focused institutions, organizations focused on the environment and others on connecting travelers around the world. Here are a few key organizations. COUCHSURFING is an international nonprofit network that connects travelers with locals in over 230 countries and territories around the world. Since 2004, members have been using the system to come together for cultural exchange, friendship, and learning experiences. Today, over a million people who might otherwise never meet are able to share hospitality and cultural understanding. The mission of the organization is to create inspiring experiences: cross-cultural encounters that are fun, engaging, and illuminating. These experiences take many forms. CouchSurfing's initial focus was on hosting and 'surfing' (staying with a local as a guest in their home). Alongside these core experiences, the organization now also facilitates a growing array of activities and events. Their vision is of a world where everyone can explore and create meaningful connections

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with the people and places they encounter. Each CouchSurfing experience shared by the members brings us closer to that vision. SERVAS is an international, non-governmental, multicultural peace association run by volunteers in over 100 countries. Founded in 1949 as a peace movement, Servas International works to build understanding, tolerance and world peace. They operate through a network of Servas hosts around the world who are interested in opening their doors to travellers , and of Servas travellers who want to get to know the heart of the countries they visit. THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR PEACE THROUGH TOURISM (IIPT) is a not for profit organization dedicated to fostering and facilitating tourism initiatives which contribute to international understanding and cooperation, an improved quality of environment, the presMay, 2011

ervation of heritage, and through these initiatives, helping to bring about a peaceful and sustainable world. It is based on a vision of the world's largest industry, travel and tourism – becoming the world's first global peace industry; and the belief that every traveler is potentially an “Ambassador for Peace”. A primary goal of IIPT is to mobilize the travel and tourism industry as a leading force for poverty reduction. VOLUNTEERS FOR PEACE–Their goal is to work toward a more peaceful world through the promotion of International Voluntary Service (IVS) projects, historically known as International Workcamps, and the exchange of volunteers. Through their international alliances, they work together to help communities meet local needs and some of the goals of the United Nation's Millennium Declaration. The

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organization’s projects provide intercultural education through community service. They offer placement in over 3000 IVS projects in more than 100 countries each year, including over 40 in the USA. At each project, volunteers from diverse backgrounds, typically from four or more countries, work and live together like a family. The sharing of everyday life, both with the local community and among the international volunteers, is an integral part of the learning and serving experience. Most projects are open to volunteers with any type of background and do not require any specific professional or language skills. GLOBAL EXCHANGE–REALITY TOURS–They envision a people centered globalization that values the rights of workers and the health of the planet; that prioritizes international collaboration as central to ensuring peace; and that aims to create a local, green economy designed to embrace the diversity of our communities. The idea that travel can be educational, fun, and positively influence international affairs motivated the first Global Exchange Reality Tours. The tours provide individuals the opportunity to understand issues beyond what is communicated by the mass media and gain a new vantage point from which to view and affect US foreign policy. Travelers are linked with activists and organizations from around the globe who are working toward positive change. They also hope to prompt participants to examine related issues in their own communities. By Craig Zelizer http://www.internationalpeaceandconflict.org

ADVENTURE

Star Gazing: Watching the Night Sky

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Seven Magnificent Star Gazing Destinations Star gazing is something we do every day, almost without thinking about it, and yet it’s also one of the most transcendent experiences in the world, an activity that enables us to gaze into the reaches of space and the wonders of the universe. But even though we can view stars every night from any place on Earth, there is still nothing quite like seeing the Milky Way galaxy and some of its more than 100 billion stars through a truly clear sky. Here are seven of the world’s most magnificent star gazing destinations.

Desert. The Atacama is the highest desert on Earth and has the advantages of high altitude, dry air, and low light pollution. There are public tours available through the Observatorio Cerro Mamalluca, or you can book a unique star gazing experience at the Hotel Elqui Domos, where seven rooms with detachable roofs provide guests with a starry canvas from their beds. South Island, New Zealand

The nations of the southern hemisphere are unique star gazing destinations because you’ll have a different perspective on the sky and will view stars that aren’t visible in the north, particularly the Southern Cross constellation. New Zealand, along with Chile, is a prime star gazing location in the southern hemisphere. On the South Island, you should head for Lake Tekapo township in the Southern Alps. There, the Mount John Observatory will provide you with stunning nighttime shows.

Mauna Kea, Hawaii

Hawaii is one of the best star gazing locations in the world because its setting in the middle of the Pacific Ocean leaves it free of many of the ravages of light pollution. The best viewing in Hawaii is from 9,000-foot-high Mauna Kea on the Big Island. Mauna Kea is home to the Keck Observatory and the future site of the ThirtyMeter Telescope, which will be operational in 2018. Nightly star gazing programs are offered at the Onizuka Visitors Center.

Uluru, Australia

Australia also has a number of good southern hemisphere viewing locations. The most memorable experience, though, takes place in the center of the continent at Uluru (Ayers Rock). There, during the Sounds of Silence event, you can dine in the open air as an astronomer explains the stars of the southern sky. Or, you can skip the dinner and the talk and simply enjoy the sight of thousands of stars shimmering in the sky above the sacred rock of Uluru.

Atacama Desert, Chile

Chile is considered to be Hawaii’s chief rival for the title of the world’s best star gazing location. And the best spot in Chile is the Atacama May, 2011

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Sonoran Desert, Arizona

The Southwestern United States has a number of fantastic star gazing spots and has the benefit of being easier to reach than some of the other prime viewing locations, at least if you’re already in North America. The place to begin is the Sonoran Desert and the city of Tucson, which houses the headquarters of the International Dark-Sky Association. More important for star gazing purposes, it’s also home to Kitt Peak National Observatory and the Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter, which both have public viewing programs. Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah

Natural Bridges National Monument gets the nod here since it was the first place to be named an International Dark Sky Park and has summertime astronomy programs led by park rangers. However, this destination should perhaps be known as “national parks of the AmeriMay, 2011

can West,” since many of the public lands in this part of North America are fantastic places for star gazing. These include Bryce Canyon in Utah; Grand Canyon in Arizona; Great Basin in Nevada; Chaco Culture in New Mexico, and Joshua Tree, Yosemite, and Death Valley in California. Namib Desert, Namibia

Finally, it’s not a surprise that a number of African destinations would be good for star gazing, as much of the continent has low levels of light pollution and an abundance of cloudless nights. One especially interesting location, though, is the Namib Desert of Namibia. Many travelers head there for the dramatic sand dunes, but the nocturnal shows are just as amazing. For a distinct experience, you can book a room at the Sossusvlei Desert Lodge, which has its own observatory and astronomers. By Bob Riel http://rielworld.com

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S t a r Ga zi ng: Wa t c h i ng t h e N i gh t S k y

Spectacular Southern Hemisphere Nights: Australia Is the Place with the View Touring the Northern hemisphere has many advantages, so much to see and do in close proximity with stunning history and cultural diversity. However there is one thing that can’t be experienced from the north and that is the best view of our Milky Way galaxy and indeed our nearest galactic neighbours, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. For these you need to come south. Fortunately for us southerners the Earth leans to one side by 23.5 degrees. Apart from causing the seasons, the lean or tilt pushes the central view of our galaxy toward the south. Here in Sydney the galactic centre passes nearly overhead during the cold clear winter months for a breath taking view. The other big advantage is that there aren’t as many people and therefore lights to wash out the sky, whose beauty is surely equal to that of any national park or reserve. Sydney is a great place to start and at Sydney Observatory, Australia’s oldest existing observatory now open to the public day and night, you can pick-up an Australian Sky Guide, take an astronomy tour, get astronomical advice and view through telescopes. Only 25 kilometres north of Sydney’s CBD rock carvings from May, 2011

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the long vanished local Indigenous Guringai people in the Kuringai Chase national park show an Emu bearing an egg. It matches perfectly the orientation of the Emu in the sky at the time of year when Emu eggs were sought after. Big cities like Sydney and Melbourne now suffer from bad light pollution like many larger cities worldwide but a pleasant country drive away from the cities will show you how the stars shine beautifully. Take a much longer journey to the heart of Australia and the stars blaze as they have since the Indigenous sky watchers arrived more than 20,000 years ago. The Milky Way almost stretches from horizon to horizon. Cold dark dust and gas patches within it coupled with a little imagination are suggestive of the flightless Emu. Icon of the south, the Southern Cross is the smallest of all 88 constellations and helps us navigate both seas and deserts. It is a rich target for Indigenous mythology. Very little May, 2011

is known of the Indigenous sky lore from the locals of the Sydney region but further north, the Murri people see the Southern Cross as the glowing eyes of the Yowie, Spirit of Death and the first person to die forever residing in the sky in a great tree. The nearby pointers represent two cockatoos trying to return to their tree in the sky. To other Indigenous peoples it represents a canoe, daughters of an elder and even an eagle’s footprint snuggled against the nest of the dark nebula “the Coal Sack”. With over 400 different groups across Australia the diversity of Indigenous mythology is a challenging but fascinating journey through the sky. The southern Milky Way is a rich target area for binocular travellers especially in winter when it is highly placed. Certainly a telescope will afford better views but do not under estimate the beauty of a securely held pair of binoculars. A typical 7 x 50 pair is well suited. Anything larger becomes difficult to hold still. Snuggled against the second brightest star in the Southern Cross lies an Open clusters of baby stars NGC 4755 commonly called the Jewel Box. At around 7,500 light years away it is perhaps only second in beauty to the northern cluster, the Pleiades in Taurus, but its compact nature makes it a spectacular sight with its dying red supergiant. To the east of the Southern Cross in the adjoining constellation Centaurus is the greatest of all the Milky Way’s 140 globular clusters. Apart from the ordinary sounding name of NGC 5139 or Omega Centauri it is a massive ball of perhaps a million stars jammed close together and only 16,000 light years away.

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On a moonless night through a small telescope it is the finest view in the entire sky. Further south NGC 3372 or the Eta Carinae nebula is host to both young star forming clouds of gas and dust and the death throws of the massive star Eta Carinae. These are but a few objects in a region of unmatched beauty anywhere in the sky. Even without binoculars, sitting on a blanket in a dark location with a glass of red wine and some fine Australian cheese you are almost guaranteed the best seat on Earth for the best view of the galaxy and beyond. Enjoy! By Geoff Wyatt (Senior Astronomy Educator, Sydney Observatory) Geoff Wyatt is an education astronomer regularly featured on Sydney Observatory’s podcasts, in the media and on-line. Sydney Observatory is located in the historic Rocks district, not far from the Harbour Bridge and it is part of the Powerhouse Museum. http://www.sydneyobservatory.com

ADVENTURE

Star Gazing in Maui: Discover Haleakala

The Haleakala National Park on Maui is one of the most attractive tourism destinations in Hawaii. More than 30,000 acres make up the park, nearly 25,000 of which are designated wilderness. Recreational opportunities abound in the park ranging from horseback tours and hiking to supernatural star-gazing from Maui’s highest summit, the volcano Haleakala. AdventurMay, 2011

ous visitors can backpack through the crater and stay at the few cabins and campsites that make this cosmic display accessible. Watching the sunrise at Haleakala is considered a cosmic ritual. In their quest for the day’s benediction, viewers bundle up hours before sunrise to make the hour-and-a-half drive from Kahului to the summit. The journey reaches a crescendo when the first rays of light ignite the

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eerie landscape in hues of umber, amber, rose and jade. Haleakala is the largest dormant volcano in the world – but there’s nothing sleepy about it. It teems with power and energy, attracting more than a million and a half people every year. Awestruck visitors have described the drive to its summit as an experience similar to leaving the tropics and arriving on the moon. Dramatic changes in climate, mood and vegetation occur as the road winds upward for 38 miles and swaying tropical palms give way to pines, eucalyptus, and giant, shade-giving redwoods. Haleakala, the House of the Sun, has attained the mythic stature in the lore of Maui since it rises 10,023 feet high. Its crater looks like the moon and yawns to the sun. Its flanks form rainforest, farmland, deep gulches, vertical canyons, and sprawling acres of greened-over cinder that slope gracefully to the sea. Even guests who wish to remain closer to the ground can view Hawaii’s celestial skies with the new Celestron high-definition 14-inch aplanic telescope, Hawaii’s only recreational HD telescope which is located at the Hyatt Regency Maui Resort. The telescope offers better views, greater clarity, and photography opportunities. Stargazers can view rare constellations here and take close-up photos of the moon’s surface, while learning intriguing stories of ancient Polynesian way-finding and constellation myths. By Maui Visitors Bureau http://www.gohawaii.com/maui

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S t a r Ga zi ng: Wa t c h i ng t h e N i gh t S k y

The Clearest Night Sky? In Chile Star gazing is becoming a popular activity of globetrotters seeking romance and beauty in remote destinations. The Atacama Desert of northern Chile is a dream destination for stargazers, with high altitude, a virtually cloudless climate (300 clear nights per year), and sparse settlements that minimize distracting light pollution and radio interference. A series of near-perfect conditions such as dry clear nights, low light pollution, and high elevations, have made Chile a favourite location for research observatories. Diego Mardones, Astronomer from the University of Chile comments, “If you want to find another [observation area] like Chile, your options are Antarctica or space”. It’s no surprise that Chile provides the view for 40% of worldwide astronomical observation and with the addition of three new telescopes, LSST (Large Synoptic Survey Telescope), GMT (Giant Magellan Telescope), and the Alma (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Aray), Chile will produce over 50% of worldwide astronomical viewing. Chile’s tourism sector runs all sorts of astronomically focused tours from naked eye trips into the Atacama desert to the ‘Route of the Stars’ that runs from observatory to observatory across the length of Chile. The area surrounding La Serena is home to many of the world’s biggest observatories May, 2011

including the European Southern Observatory. Most can be visited only during the day and as part of a guided tour but the Cerro Marmalluca Community Observatory is open for nighttime viewing for those who are really looking to explore the Southern hemisphere’s magical night skies in depth. Chile is a great destination for just getting out into the wild and really losing yourself in the fabulous skies; take a star chart and some binoculars and look out for the infamous Southern

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Cross and the mind-bogglingly distant Magellanic Clouds. For a more personal experience, book a room at the Hotel Elqui Domos in the Elqui Valley, where seven geodesic domes feature upstairs bedrooms with detachable roofs so guests can enjoy a stunning view of the heavens from the comfort of their bed. http://www.volunteerlatinamericablog.com http://en.mercopress.com

Destination Turkey: The Mediterranean Pearl

Turkey â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the land of stunning nature, dynamic history and unique culture. Every year more and more travelers discover this country and its mosques, museums as well as crystal clear water and sandy beaches.

Destination

Travel and Tourism in Turkey: Market Insight

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l Cheaper Accommodation

The global economic crisis caused income levels to drop globally, which meant that travellers preferred cheaper holiday options, which secured good value for money. Price-sensitivity was one of the key trends in the market. Prices of Turkish travel accommodation declined, starting from an already low base, in order to maintain incoming tourist numbers. Thanks to its natural beauty, rich history and low prices, Turkey remained a very popular destination for inbound tourists in 2010. Land Transportation in 2010

Travel and tourism is one of the most dynamic industries in Turkey. Despite the economic crisis, this industry continued to grow in Turkey in 2010, although at a slower rate compared with the average for the review period as a whole (2005-2010). As a result of a number of factors, including the high proportion of the younger population increasingly taking profesMay, 2011

sional jobs in urban areas, Turkey was less affected by the economic crisis than most other Western European countries, which favoured domestic tourism. Also, in terms of inbound tourism, the depreciation of the Turkish Lira (YTL) against the US Dollar, as well as generally competitive prices, made Turkey a favourable destination for foreign tourists.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 50 â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

The transportation type which recorded the highest growth in 2010 was land transportation, as decreasing disposable incomes and budgets for tourism favoured this less expensive mode of transport. In particular, coach companies offered attractive options such as speedy routes, internet access whilst travelling by coach, comfortable seats and high class service in order to be competitive with air transportation. They also increased the number of destinations. Moreover, land transportation was preferred by more tourists coming from neighbouring countries, such as Greece, Bulgaria, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Georgia and Armenia. More Destinations

Five years ago, incoming tourism was largely concentrated on the southern region of the country and Istanbul. However, towards the end of the review period, in order to fuel growth in tourism, tour operators started

Destination

Top 10 Countries by Arrivals (‘000 trips)

Turkey

Forecast

2010

2015

Arrivals 30105.2 43578.8 Arrivals from Germany 4693.5 6704.9 Arrivals from Russia 3500.2 6530 Arrivals from United Kingdom 2755.6 4197.4 Arrivals from Iran 2628.2 4475.6 Arrivals from Bulgaria 1375.4 1548 Arrivals from Netherlands 1140.7 1252.5 Arrivals from France 935.6 1138.4 Arrivals from Georgia 800.6 934.6 Arrivals from USA 695.3 1062.2 Arrivals from Ukraine 632.4 853.5 ©2011 Euromonitor International

offering tours to different regions of the country which are also rich in historic monuments and natural beauty, such as central Turkey and the Black Sea. Following the new tourism law of 2008, new grants and subsidies were offered to companies which wanted to invest in less popular tourist regions, which created new destinations for sports tourism, culture tourism, archaeology and health and wellness tourism. Potential for Health and Wellness Tourism

Turkey has many natural thermal springs which can be used for health and wellness (H&W) treatments. The thermal springs in TurMay, 2011

key have always been famous; however, this concept is starting to be marketed under the theme of health &wellness and spa tourism, and companies have developed high quality health treatments and relaxation packages. The demand for this type of tourism increased considerably over the 2005-2010 year period. On the other hand, H&W tourism which also covers medical treatment (such as packages which offer dental treatment and a holiday at the same time) at hospitals started to be more important when combined with spa and wellness packages. (Extract from Euromonitor International’s report “Travel and Tourism in Turkey”) http://www.euromonitor.com

— 51 —

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Destination

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Izmir: The Pearl of the Aegean

Izmir, a city that lies in the Aegean region of Turkey, has a history that goes back to 3000 B.C. Many civilizations passed the region and many legends are told about this beautiful city, including stories with the Amazon warriors as well as with Alexander the Great. Every single civilization that passed by or settled here had a great interest in Izmir, not just for its strategic importance as a port on the Aegean but they were also struck by its beauty. That is also the reason for a Turkish nickname of Izmir called “The Pearl of The Aegean”. Today Izmir attracts many local and foreign visitors. It is clearly not just because it has many archaeological sites in and around the city that can be visited in every season, but it is also for its natural beauties such as crystal clear waters of the Aegean and the beaches May, 2011

in its resorts like Cesme (Çeşme), Foca (Foça), Gumuldur (Gümüldür). Visitors also enjoy the local night life in the city or in Cesme and Kusadasi (Kuşadası), as well as the nice cafeterias and restaurants along the seaside where you can taste the fish or typical Aegean dishes mostly based on vegetables and olive oil while you are enjoying the sunset at the bay. What more, Izmir’s young, dynamic, and good looking residents are always ready to show you the Turkish hospitality. When you sum up all these factors the city of Izmir surely becomes an attractive holiday destination. Izmir is the third largest city in Turkey with a population of around 4 million. It is one of the major ports in the whole Aegean, from which loads of agricultural products of Anatolia are exported, thus making the city economically important as well. In the province there is an oil refinery and many factories and agricultural fields in which they cultivate or produce

— 52 —

figs, grapes and raisins, wine, olives and olive oil, tobacco, milk and dairy products, beer, cement, iron and steel, chemicals, plastics and much more. In Izmir and around the city there are many historical and archeological sites, and some of them are very important such as Smyrna, Ephesus, Pergamon, Teos, Erythrai, and the House of Virgin Mary. Meanwhile in the city tourists can visit numerous Roman, Byzantine or Ottoman sights like the Agora, Kadifekale Castle (ancient Pagos Mountain), Aqueducts, Hisar mosque, Kizlaragasi inn, old Jewish synagogues, old Elevator (Asansör), and the interesting Archaeological and Ethnography museum. There is also the old Kemeralti market where the visitors can buy many traditional and local items, souvenirs, or food. A number of cultural events like operas, theater plays, art displays, and fairs are also quite attractive to the visitors. One of them is the

Destination

Izmir International Fair which is organized at the Culture Park (Kültürpark) in the beginning of September every year which lures tens of thousands of visitors from all around the world. For sports enthusiasts Izmir is one of the best destinations especially for sailing since there are several marinas in Cesme, Alacati (Alaçatı), Sigacik (Sığacık), Kusadasi. Cesme and Alacati are the ideal locations for wind surfing and kite boarding and each year local and international championships are organized here. Scuba diving, hiking and trekking are also amongst the popular sports in the region. Izmir also hosted the Universiade Summer Games in 2005, which is an analogy of the Olympic Games organized for college students.

May, 2011

For leisure tourists or businessmen Izmir offers many accommodation options – ranging from international luxury hotels to local small hotels. Fine local restaurants offer many varieties of fish, vegetable dishes, meat dishes, appetizers known as meze’s, salads, and Turkish desserts. Most of the cafeterias and restaurants at Kordon promenade in Alsancak district or the ones at Karsiyaka (Karşıyaka) district offer great views of the bay, especially at sunset. According to the locals this is one of the “Must Do’s” when you are in Izmir: sip your drink in one of the bars or cafeterias at Kordon looking at the sunset. Alternatively you can also take a ferry ride between Alsancak and Karsiyaka districts to enjoy the amazing sunset of the city from the sea. In the evening, a walk on Kibris Sehitleri (Kıbrıs Şehitleri) street in Alsancak district famed for local bars will be a joy for the young-hearted. By Burak Sansal Burak Sansal is a professional National Tour Guide, working with Turkey's most prestigious travel agencies. Traveling extensively worldwide, he has a personal knowledge of touring and travel facilities not only in Turkey but also in USA, Western and Eastern Europe, Russia China, Korea, Japan, but also Lebanon, Kenya, and the Caribbean. http://www.AllAboutTurkey.com

— 53 —

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Destination

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Antalya's Tourism Industry Changing Fast There have been surprising changes in tourism statistics in the southern province of Antalya with the start of the 2011 tourism season. While the number of German tourists is on the decline, Russian tourist numbers skyrocketed during the first three months of 2011. A similar swing has also occurred among Israeli and Iranian visitors The changing face of tourism in Antalya has surprised many in the southern province so far in 2011, as visits from Germans and Israelis have dropped sharply while business from Russians and Iranians has significantly increased. The decline of the country's economy is the biggest reason behind the decrease of German tourists, İrfan Ali Ören, a tourism investor, recently told the Hürriyet Daily News & Economic Review. “People feel the need to reorganize their social needs in the midst of such tight economic conditions. Their need for a holiday abroad may not be the top priority.” Germans used to be Antalya’s biggest customers, but the numbers coming from the country decreased 7.31 percent in 2011. Some 321,189 German tourists visited the Mediterranean province in the first quarter of 2010, but only 297,701 came in the first quarter of this year, according to the Antalya Provincial Directorate of Tourism. May, 2011

Russian tourists, on the other hand, have surprised tourism authorities this year as visits from the large market rose 176.32 percent over the last year; while 23,177 Russians visited the region in the first quarter of 2010, 64,043 came between January and March of

— 54 —

2011. The numbers could increase furthermore as Turkey and Russia are set to formally abolish visa requirements in April. Ece Aysun Avcı, operations manager of Sun Travel Agency in Cyprus, said that the saturation in the German market was also a legiti-

Destination

mate cause for the decrease in numbers to the area. “At the same time, increased competition in tourism around the Mediterranean basin gives a wider range of options to holidaymakers, who might choose not to come to Turkey,” she said. The tourism sector has also experienced a similar surprise in the changing numbers of incoming Israeli and Iranian tourists. While some 23,133 Israeli tourists visited Antalya in the first quarter of 2010, the numbers fell to 4,194 in 2011, an 81.87 percent decrease. Sector representatives cited worsening political ties between the two countries as the main reason tourism from the eastern Mediterranean country has suffered. A stunning rise in the number of Iranian tourists, however, has compensated the loss of Israeli tourist numbers; while 20,617 came in the first quarter of 2010, 43,430 visited in the first three months of 2011, representing a 110.65 percent increase. With full occupancy even during winter months, hoteliers in the southern province are extremely pleased with the arrival of Iranian tourists. “Iranian tourists discovered Turkey in the last few years and have successfully taken the place of European tourists, especially dur-

May, 2011

ing the winter,” Celal Ure, head of Baran Parvaz Tours & Travel Agency, which has offices in Istanbul and Tehran, told the Daily News. Ure said Iranian tourists chose Turkey because of the cultural similarities between the countries, proximity, hospitality, reasonable prices and the country’s natural beauty. Iranian tour operators are also taking Turkey and Turkish tourism as a model, Ure said, adding that a new understanding of holidays had been growing in the Islamic republic in recent years. Tourism representatives said Iranian tourists preferred to participate in daily tours, travel around the country and shop for carpets, jewelry and apparel, instead of staying in their hotels. An estimated 25,000 Iranian tourists visited Antalya’s Deepo Shopping Center during this year’s Nevruz festival, a ceremony that marks the transition to spring throughout the Middle East, as well as the beginning of the Persian new year. By Betül Çal http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com

— 55 —

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Destination

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Istanbul: The Love of Continents “If the world was a single state, Istanbul would be the capital.” Napoleon

Harmonizing all colors and diversities of Turkey, Istanbul is considered among the top 10 destinations of the world. Istanbul has been inspiring many artists with its dynamic life, modern avenues touched by history; museums mingled with art; palaces, kiosks and monumental buildings portraying unique examples of various architectural styles; mosques, churches and synagogues which have claimed their eternal brotherhood; and locations offering tastes of the rich Turkish cuisine blended with Ottoman flavors. Istanbul, whose history spans to more than 2,500 years, is situated on a peninsula surrounded by the Marmara Sea, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn. Istanbul, having hosted various civilizations, cultures and beliefs served as the capital for the Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman Empires. Throughout more than 1600 years, over 120 Emperors and Sultans reigned in Istanbul, thus making it the only city in the world with such distinction. The historical area of Istanbul is formed by four main areas: the Archaeological Park (Sultanahmet Square and its surrounding area), the Suleymaniye Mosque, the Zeyrek Mosque (the Church of Christ Pantokrator) and its surMay, 2011

rounding Conservation Area, and the City Walls of Istanbul. Istanbul is a holy city, where mosques, churches and synagogues stand side by side, and even declare their fraternity. Istanbul is also renowned for its palaces, mansions and monumental buildings – each of them

— 56 —

is a unique example of architectural styles that were inherited from the Ottomans. Dolmabahce Palace; Tophane Mosque; Galata Tower (Christea Turris) built by the Genoese; Sultanahmet Mosque; Ayasofya (Hagia Sophia) – one of the monumental buildings of Christianity with its unique mosaics; Top-

Destination

kapi Palace – the administrative centre of the Ottoman Empire; Suleymaniye Mosque, rising high above the Golden Horn; the masterpiece of imperial architect Mimar Sinan, the historical Kapali Carsi (the Grand Bazaar); Yerebatan Sarnici (the Basilica Cistern); the music dancing at the domes of Aya Irini (Hagia Eirene), make Istanbul the capital of history and culture. May, 2011

Ayasoyfa was built on one of the most important historical sites in Istanbul, with the present buildings being completed in 532-537 AD. Built as a cathedral, it served as the most important sanctum of Christianity for approximately 1000 years. Following the conquest of Istanbul by the Ottomans, it was converted into a mosque. Currently the building is used as a museum.

— 57 —

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

The most important characteristic of the Sultanahmet Mosque, across Hagia Sofia, is that it is the only mosque constructed with 6 minarets. The mosque itself, having more than 36 windows, is rendered in more than 20,000 İznik tiles. Topkapi Palace served as the administrative centre of the Ottoman Empire, and today it houses the globally famed Kasikci (Spoonmaker’s) Diamond. The Palace, at present, represents a museum exhibiting unique artifacts from the glorious history of the Ottoman Empire. Yerebatan Sarnici (the Basilica Cistern), built in 527–567 to provide water to the settlement nearby, is situated within the Archaeological Park. The head of Medusa, who according to the Greek mythology turned to stone anyone who dared to gaze directly at her, is carved at the column-base and can be seen in the shallow waters of the cistern, and it is the most visited attraction in the Park. The historical Maiden’s Tower or Leander’s Tower is one of the symbols of Istanbul, and it represents an embodiment of the mystery of water, love and myth. Being one of the most romantic and mysterious places in Istanbul, a pretty, small tower is built on the rocks at the entrance of the Bosporus. The Tower still holds its ancient facade and currently serves as a restaurant and sightseeing platform for visitors. Abundance of poems, countless sonnets and songs have been written for Istanbul, for its fascinating beauty, for its historical and cultural riches, that have all been a source of inspiration for generations of artists. So Istan-

Destination

bul is waiting for those who would like to witness the great love of continents. The ideal time to visit Istanbul this year would be April, as by April 26th 2011 a heart of shopping is to beat in the unique city of Istanbul, the only city which connects two continents and is currently the capital of shopping. With ˝Istanbul Shopping Fest˝ Istanbul is the first city that springs to mind when it comes to shopping, since more than 90 shopping malls are offering hundreds of local and foreign brands in various streets, stirring with life, such as Taksim, Nişantaşı, Şişli, Bakırköy, Fatih, Bahariye and Bağdat Avenue and traditional shopping spots like the Grand Bazaar and the Spice Bazaar. May, 2011

During the Istanbul Shopping Fest there will be sales on offer up to 30% for more than 300 local and foreign brands, as well as tax-free shopping for shoppers from abroad. Also during the festival the Newroz, Easter and the Passover will be celebrated, which will continue the tradition of people of various civilizations, cultures, religions, languages and races living together in peace and harmony for centuries.

By Turkish Culture and Tourism Office in Belgrade http://www.istanbulshoppingfest.org

— 58 —

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Destination

Tur k e y: T h e M e di t e r r a ne a n P e a r l

Turkey: Emerging Medical Tourism Hot Spot Medical Tourism in Turkey: Pros and Cons + JCI-accredited medical centers: With the

+ +

Medical tourism has emerged as a global phenomenon during the last few years motivated by huge healthcare costs in the West and limited infrastructure. Healthcare services requirement in the US and many countries of Europe have substantially increased, however the growth in supply has been limited, causing long waiting queues for patients seeking advanced medical procedures. According to the research report called “Emerging Medical Tourism in Turkey”, Turkey has come up as a quite attractive spot for medical travelers who can get high quality medical services at lower costs than in their own countries. These factors are expected to drive the May, 2011

– –

highest number of JCI-accredited health facilities, medical tourists to Turkey are assured of high quality infrastructure and services by these hospitals and their medical staff. Competitive prices: Prices of medical care in Turkey are very competitive compared to Western European countries like the UK, Ireland, Austria and Italy. Hospitality and culture: Turkey has long been a gateway between the East and the West. The warmth and hospitality of its people is well reported on. Language deficiency: Amongst personnel dealing with medical tourists, there exists a deficiency in their English skills Medical records and documentation: Some hospitals lack the required knowledge in regard to documentations that should be issued to foreign medical travelers

Health-tourism.com

medical tourism market in Turkey at around 32% during 2010-2014. According to the report, Turkey will witness a growing number of tourists seeking various medical procedures in the country. Large number of standardized (JCI Accredited) facili-

— 59 —

ties will also help attracting a large number of medical tourists. Besides, many of the medical facilities in Turkey, apart from being accredited by JCI, are affiliated to top notch healthcare providers, including Harvard Medical School and John Hopkins Hospital. The research study also discusses other factors that are contributing to the growth of medical tourism market in Turkey. Considering its close association with the aviation and other industries, medical tourism has lured huge private investments owing to the rising demand. The country has witnessed hefty investments in the tourism infrastructure with the increasing demand for dentistry, cosmetic surgery, thermal tourism etc. By RNCOS http://www.rncos.com

Fairs & Exhibitions T rave l / T o uri s m

M AY

2 0 1 1

b y

regi o n s

Fairs & Exhibitions

Western Europe

M AY, 2011

The Advantage Conference Location Start / End Provider Contact

Spain / Madrid 06 May 2011 / 08 May 2011 Advantage Travel nickya@advantagetravelcentres.com

Germany Travel Mart Location Start / End Provider Contact

Germany / Bonn 08 May 2011 / 10 May 2011 GNTB messen@germany.travel

Travel Distribution Summit Europe 2011 Location Start / End Provider Contact

United Kingdom / London 10 May 2011 / 11 May 2011 EyeforTravel sinead@eyefortravel.com

The Facilities Show

Vida Natura Location

Portugal / Porto

Start / End

28 April 2011 / 30 May 2011

Provider

Exponor (Feira Internacional do Porto)

Contact

info@exponor.pt

Itinerari Sardegna Location

Italy / Cagliari

Start / End

29 April 2011 / 09 May 2011

Provider

Fiera Internazionale della Sardegna

Contact

commerciale@fieradellasardegna.it

EXPOVACACIONES - Expo of Tourism & Leisure Time Location

Spain / Bilbao

Start / End

05 May 2011 / 08 May 2011

Provider

Bilbao Exhibition Centre

Contact

bec@bec.eu

Location Start / End Provider Contact

United Kingdom / Birmingham 17 May 2011 / 19 May 2011 United Business Media catherine.mcphillips@ubm.com

Dublin International Toy and Train Fair Location Start / End Provider Contact

Ireland / DUBLIN 22 May 2011 / 22 May 2011 B + T TOY FAIRS INTERNATIONAL briankelly-1@hotmail.com

IMEX 2011 Location

Germany / Messe Frankfurt

Start / End

24 May 2011 / 26 May 2011

Provider Contact

Regent Exhibitions info@imex-frankfurt.com

Green Globe World Summit Location Start / End Provider Contact

France / Paris 27 May 2011 / 30 May 2011 Green Globe Certification wecare@greenglobe.com

More events related to Travel/Tourism can be found here If you are an event provider you may consider to place your event in the above category, please click here If your event already is in the list you may consider using the enhanced listing. For replacement just click here

— 61 —

of Tourism

elopment after the Crises

es – Poverty Alleviation

Lessons T to be learned for the Future T of Tourism

Peter Keller and Prof. Dr. Thomas Bieger

Order Form , with numerous ﬁgures and tables,

Green Globe World Summit .00, ISBN 978-3-503-13002-3

Tourism Development after Location France m Research and Concepts, Volume 5 / Paristhe Crises Start / End 27Alleviation May 2011 / 30 May 2011 Global Imbalances – Poverty

Provider Green Globe dited by Prof. Dr. Peter Keller and Prof. Dr.Certification Thomas Bieger

on ........................................................ Contact wecare@greenglobe.com

011, XII, 248 pages, with numerous ﬁgures and tables, (D) 39,95/USD 58.00, ISBN 978-3-503-13002-3

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esellschafterin: ESV Verlagsführung · Amts Berlin-Charlottenburg · lease send a letter by post or fax,GmbH or send usgericht: an email at 3 HRB 27 197 · Geschäftsführer: Dr. Joachim Schmidt

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his book provides a unique analysis of the recent ﬁnancial crisis on world tourism and particularly the development models which contribute to reduce poverty.

M AY, 2011

Asia. It focuses on the latest economic crises as a framework for analyses and as a real life case A substantial contribution for the impact study.

Address ...............................................................................

of tourism development in time of global A substantial contribution for the impact imbalances!

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of tourism development in time of global imbalances!

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his book provides a unique analysis of the For further information:

Forrecent further information: ﬁnancial crisis on world tourism and particularly the development models which www.ESV.info/978-3-503-13002-3 contribute to reduce poverty.

Please order at your bookshop or send it directly to: Schmidt GmbHplease & Co. KGclick here If you are anhaftende event provider you may consider to place your eventErich in the aboveVerlag category, & Co. KG · Sitz: Berlin · Persönlich Genthiner Str. 30 G · 10785 Berlin · Germany gsführung GmbH ·IfAmts gericht: Berlin-Charlottenburg · your event already is in the list you may consider using the enhanced listing. For replacement just click here

— 62 —

Fairs & Exhibitions

AFRICA/MIDDLE EAST

M AY, 2011

World Travel Awards - Middle East Gala Ceremony Location

United Arab Emirates / Dubai

Start / End

02 May 2011 / 02 May 2011

Provider

World Travel Awards

Contact

awards@worldtravelawards.com

A’sambeni: Africa Tour and Travel Expo Location

Zimbabwe / Bulawayo

Start / End

03 May 2011 / 07 May 2011

Provider

Zimbabwe International Trade Fair Company

Contact

zitf@zitf.co.zw

INDABA Travel & Tourism Trade Show

Arabian Hotel Investment Conference

Location

South Africa / Durban

Start / End

07 May 2011 / 10 May 2011

Provider

Kagiso Exhibitions (Pty) Ltd.

Contact

info@southafrica.net

Southern Africa Tourism Exposition

Location

United Arab Emirates / Dubai

Location

South Africa / Durban

Start / End

30 April 2011 / 02 May 2011

Start / End

07 May 2011 / 11 May 2011

Provider

Bench Events / MEED

Provider

Travel & Tourism

Contact

ahic@meed-dubai.com

Contact

info@visitzambia.co.zm

Arabian Travel Market

Bahrain International Travel Exhibition

United Arab Emirates / Dubai

Location

Bahrain / Manama

02 May 2011 / 05 May 2011

Start / End

12 May 2011 / 14 May 2011

Provider

Reed Travel Exhibitions

Provider

BECA (Bahrain Exhibition & Convention Authority)

Contact

arabian.helpline@reedexpo.co.uk

Contact

info@bitebahrain.com

Location Start / End

Project Qatar 2011

Oman Travel Market

Location

Qatar / Doha

Location

Oman / Muscat

Start / End

02 May 2011 / 05 May 2011

Start / End

16 May 2011 / 18 May 2011

Provider

IFP Qatar

Provider

OITE

Contact

info@circleqatar.com

Contact

info@oite.com

— 63 —

Fairs & Exhibitions

The Hotel Show Dubai Location

United Arab Emirates / Dubai

Start / End

17 May 2011 / 19 May 2011

Provider

dmg world media

Contact

SabahMustafa@dmgworldmedia.com

Riyadh Travel Fair 2011 Location

Saudi Arabia / Riyadh

Start / End

23 May 2011 / 26 May 2011

Provider

Asas Exhibtions & Conferences Organizing Company

Contact

az@asas.biz

36 th Annual Africa Travel Association Congress Location

Senegal / Dakars

Start / End

25 May 2011 / 29 May 2011

Provider

Africa Travel Association

Contact

info@AfricaTravelAssociation.org

Food & Hotel Arabia Location

Saudi Arabia / Jeddah

Start / End

29 May 2011 / 01 June 2011

Provider

Al Harithy Company for Exhibitions Limited

Contact

international@acexpos.com

— 64 —

M AY, 2011

Fairs & Exhibitions

North America

M AY, 2011

The Global Travel & Tourism Summit Location

USA / Las Vegas

Start / End

17 May 2011 / 19 May 2011

Provider

World Travel & Tourism Council

Contact

enquiries@wttc.travel

Hospitality Design Expo & Conference Location

USA / Las Vegas, NV

Start / End

18 May 2011 / 20 May 2011

Provider

Nielsen Business Media

Contact

jeff.brown@nielsen.com

BEST EN Think Tank: Learning for Sustainable Tourism

Low Cost Airlines World Americas Location

USA / Miami, FL

Start / End

02 May 2011 / 04 May 2011

Provider

Terrapinn

Contact

enquiry.us@terrapinn.com

Eco-Aviation Conference

Location

USA / Philadelphia

Start / End

21 May 2011 / 24 May 2011

Provider

BEST EN

Contact

dagmar.lund-durlacher@modul.ac.at

International Pow Wow Location

USA / San Francisco, CA

Start / End

21 May 2011 / 25 May 2011

Provider

Travel Industry Association

Contact

meetings@tia.org

World Travel Awards - North & Central America & Caribbean Gala Ceremony

Location

USA / Washington, D.C.

Start / End

03 May 2011 / 05 May 2011

Location

USA / San Francisco, CA

Provider

Air Transport World, Leeham Company

Start / End

21 May 2011 / 21 May 2011

Contact

stephanie.krasnoff@penton.com

Provider

World Travel Awards

Contact

awards@worldtravelawards.com

International Las Vegas Tourism Security Conference

OTM: Oneworld Travel Mart

Location

USA / Las Vegas, NV

Location

USA / San Francisco, CA

Start / End

09 May 2011 / 11 May 2011

Start / End

26 May 2011 / 29 May 2011

Provider

Southern Nevada Tourist Safety Association

Provider

Fairfest Media, J2L Events

Contact

swatson@lvcva.com

Contact

info@oneworldtravelmart.com

— 65 —

Fairs & Exhibitions

Asia & Pacific

M AY, 2011

World Travel Fair 2011 Location

China / Shanghai

Start / End

12 May 2011 / 15 May 2011

Provider

VNU Exhibitions Asia

Contact

Stephanie.xu@vnuexhibitions.com.cn

China (Shenzhen) International Cultural Industries Fair 2011 Location

China / Shenzhen

Start / End

13 May 2011 / 16 May 2011

Provider

Shenzhen International Cultural Industry Fair Co., Ltd.

Contact

wbh@cnicif.com

Global Spa Summit

Caravan, Camping, 4WD & Holiday Supershow

Location

Indonesia / Bali

Start / End

16 May 2011 / 18 May 2011

Provider

Global Spa Summit

Contact

info@globalspasummit.org

Travel Distribution Summit India 2011

Location

Australia / Sydney

Location

Singapore / Singapore

Start / End

30 April 2011 / 08 May 2011

Start / End

18 May 2011 / 19 May 2011

Provider

CIA (Caravan Industry Australia)

Provider

EyeforTravel

Contact

kylie@cciansw.com.au

Contact

sinead@eyefortravel.com

Hofex 2011 Location

China / Hong Kong

Start / End

11 May 2011 / 14 May 2011

Provider

Hong Kong Exhibition Services Ltd

Contact

hofex@oesallworld.com

Tourism and Sport in the Epoch of New Revival 2011 Location

Turkmenistan / Ashgabat

Start / End

12 May 2011 / 14 May 2011

Provider

Turkmenistan Chamber of Commerce

Contact

turkmenexpo@expoclub.ru

— 66 —

iŃ ons Adventure

Business

SPA

General

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