Architecture by Tyler Francisco

T Y L E R

F R A N C I S C O

A rc h itect u re

TYLER FRANCISCO // ACADEMIC PORTFOLIO Personal Statement 04 Curriculum Vitae 05 DESIGN Research - Model - Folly Forest of Art: Honolulu Urban Theatre Architectural Lab Part I Architectural Lab Part II Investigation in Materiality : Wall Study Jongno-gu Community Centre for the Arts

06 08 16 24 36 46

OTHER Atlas of Novel Tectonics and Metaphysics of 68 Genetic Architecture and Computation Photography 72

Personal Statement

Creation is such a powerful ability that has allowed ideas to evolve from the moment of their inception. We use this ability to create parallel worlds within our imagination, a fusion of science and art, engineering perfect balance and harmony. Recreating these worlds has always been a dream of mine. There is a quote by Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto that exemplifies what I mean to achieve. He said,” Building art is a synthesis of life in materialized form. We should try to bring in under the same hat not a splintered way of thinking, but all in harmony together.” These words have been my crutch that has helped me continue on this path. At first, when I worked in a studio course, I would keep to myself, but I slowly became more outspoken. Others, from time to time, would share their ideas or critiques and I would do the same. Eventually, the studio had become a second home. During my journey as an architecture student, I’ve been exposed to a colorful variety of ideas and beliefs that have molded who I am. Personally, I feel I’ve been pulled toward the ideals that focus on the betterment of humanity and the environment. I am passionate about creating art as well as helping others, hoping to find a middle ground between the two. School was never my highest priority, but my interest in architecture has changed that. This newly found passion is a catalyst from which ideas and inspiration originate. For me, architecture has become such a large foundation in my life and has instilled within me the belief that I can reach new heights and do the impossible.

Tyler Francisco

education

Curriculum Vitae 3.04.2014

University of Hawaii at Manoa School of Architecture, Honolulu HI

2017

University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu HI

2013

University of Hawaii at Manoa, Seoul, South Korea

2012

Doctor of Architecture

Bachelor of Art in Interdisciplinary Studies - Environmental Design

Fourth year study abraod program with BCHO Architects

skills / expertise

Digital: OSX and Windows platforms.

Autocad 2013, Revit 2013, Rhinoceros 3D 5, 3D Studio Max 2012, Vray, Photoshop CS6, Illustrator CS6, Indesign CS6, Lightroom 4.5, Microsoft Office 2011.

Analog

Hand: woodworking, ceramic. Machine: some woodworking machines and power tools, CNC machines and 3D printers.

Design

Architectural, graphical layout, photography.

work experience

Francisco Architect, Honolulu HI

05.2011 - PRESENT

William Richardson School of Law, Honolulu HI

02.2013 - PRESENT

Designer model production, computer drafting

Law Library Services Representative

affiliation / volunteer

selected exhibitions

Hawaii Meals on Wheels (HMoW) Honolulu Habitat for Humanity University of Hawaii at Manoa Katipunan Club American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) “Sticky”, Group Architectural Installation

2013

“CONVERGENCE: GLITCH_CLICK_THUNK, Featuring Mark Amerika”, New Media Installations: Section Extrude-3D Printing

2013

School of Architecture Haigo and Irene Shen Gallery University of Hawaii–Manoa, Honolulu, HI

University Art Gallery, University of Hawaii–Manoa, Honolulu, HI

Research - Model - Folly Arch 341 Duration:1 Week Kristopher Palagi FALL 2011 Location: Mount Robson, Canada

In this particular project, a type of building structural system was studied for one week, in this case, tensile structures, to create an architectural folly, a building constructed primarily for decoration or ornament. In architecture, canvas tensile structures are formed from fibers or membranes that provide end users a unique free-form building design. The final shape of the structure depends of several factors such as the shape or pattern of the fabric, geometry of the supporting structure, and the amount of tension applied to the fabric. Located in the Rocky Mountains, the concept was derived on the pulling of â&#x20AC;&#x153;fabricâ&#x20AC;? into place. A secondary skin located on the exterior, a literal representation of the framing and supports within tensile structures, would pull the building into its place.

Forest of art: honolulu urban theatre Arch 341 Duration:8 Weeks Kristopher Palagi FALL 2011 Location: Honolulu, Hawaii

Children today live in a different world than their parents. In some ways, it is better due to a lower percentage of children in the U.S. going hungry, better education, and technology. On the other hand, there are new hazards that the older generations never faced. Art programs are a powerful tool against crime prevention. It offers a safe and engaging environment, keeping youth away from gang recruitment and violence. Youth who are involved in these programs, re-direct and express their emotions through their art. It is also a way for them to find their hidden talents.

washington middle school

The site is located directly across from Washington Middle School in Honolulu, HI, giving direct access to hundreds of children living in the middle of Hawaiiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban jungle. Because this area is a crossroad for many commuters in Hawaii. the aim of this project is to serve as a beacon of inspiration.

Punahou

Street

Site

King

Street

User + Design

Function + Form

My goal was not to design a building, but an experience, focusing on the quality of the experience by the users. Nurturing and cultivating their minds, the building is meant to stimulate, persuade, inform, envision, and inspire the youth.

Every day, 2,833 children drop out of school and 135,000 children carry a gun to school. The creation of art programs and facilities would divert youth from gangs, drugs, and the justice system. It would provide a more efficient use of government spending than traditional programs such as juvenile boot camps. This method is more likely to improve academic improvement, build self-discipline, and job skills. Learning to play an instrument, memorizing the script of a play, or painting on a canvas require self-discipline which many kids today lack. Youth arts programs offer a constructive, engaging, and safe environment for young teens who lack supervision or guidance during after school hours. Rather than commit crimes as a form of recognition and achievement, the arts allow them to do it in a safer environment. The site is located directly across from Washington Middle School in Honolulu, HI, giving direct access to hundreds of children living in the middle of Hawaii’s urban jungle.

Goals

This was achieved by creating an experience similar to a bamboo forest. The shading device, made up of multiple layers, resembles the culms(main stem) of bamboo trees. The shadows, created by the shading device, is indistinguishable to that of real bamboo trees, giving an authentic feeling.

• Reach students in ways that they are not otherwise being reached. • Connect students to themselves and each other. • Transform the environment for learning. • Provide learning opportunities for both the youth and teachers. • Provide challenges for students already considered sucessful. • Connect learning with the world of real work. • Enable direct involvement with the arts and artists. • Support life-long and ocassionally professional engagement with the artistic process.

Program Massing

The cantilevers create spaces that allow visitors and residence to interact with each other, creating a sense of community and togetherness.

Passive Shading

Acting as a passive shading device during the day, the steel columns create shadow art onto the surrounding buildings at night using the artificial light from within the building, hoping to mesmerize passer-bys

Structure

In hopes to invigorate the artistic spirit of the community’s troubled youth, the structural columns simulate the forest, giving new meaning to the term ‘urban jungle’.

Sub-level 1

Floor 1

3 1 2

Program requirements Theatre Stage Theatre Seating Theatre Backstage Recording Studio Art Workshop Storage Gallery Staff Residence Visiting Artist Residence Youth Residence Parking Community Areas

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Engages the urban fabric. Indoor. Space for changing rooms. Sound proof. Uplifting, empowering space; heart of building. Direct access to art workshop. Main public entrance. Semi-private. Most private area. Arranged to foster sense of community. 12 stall minimum. Space that fosters friendship.

Floor 2

Floor 3

Floor 4

10 10

10 5 12

9 9

aRCHITECTURE lAB pART I Arch 342 Duration:12 Weeks Lance Walters SPR 2012 Location: North Shore, Hawaii

Through the investigation and critique of contemporary architectural theories, a design initiative will be constructed for the development of a remote architecture lab in the Hawaiian islands. This initiative will respond to the site and the composed experiences (spatial sequence) of the client’s life, a randomly assigned professional architectural theorist, in this case, John McMorrough. He is a researcher of contemporary architectural practices and an associate profesor at the University of Michigan Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning. The project will be a challenge to simultaneously espouse, or critique, the ideas of the client while developing a space to further inspire the design research. Due to the clients global practice, this passive design strategy will relate beyond the daily cycle to a seasonal “shut down” of the structure during the summer months. The site is located in one of the many inlet bays on the northern coast of Oahu. Isolated, this project was designed as a retreat away from the hardships of everyday, allowing the client to submerge himself in his writings and his hobbies. Much research had gone into studying his likes, dislikes, and traits through surveys and personality tests the client had politely agreed to participate in.

morphology

North Shore, Oahu

Nine Square grid

A critical analysis of relationships created by the idea of volume, center, preiphery, field, path edge, compression, and release.

2d compositions

Twenty two compositions derived from the nine square grid study.

3d Translation

Nine of the twenty two compositions were chosen to translated a 3d form and made adaptive using Grasshopper to allow the 3d translation to conform to any site based on surroundings while keeping the proportions derived from the compositions

First Floor 1 Entrance 2 Lounge 3 Office/Library 4 Home Theater 5 Deck

Passive Shadinging 6

The placement of the bamboo strips for the shading system was chosen based on hundreds of iterations of ecotect sun studies to figure out the optimal amount of strips to not only keep a suitable comfort level but prevent blockage of the view.

7 Second Floor 6 Bedroom 7 Closet 8 Bath 9 Kitchen 10 Dining Room

9 10

aRCHITECTURE lAB pART II Arch 342 Duration: 4 Weeks Lance Walters SPR 2012 Location: Landmannalauger, Hawaii

Through the investigation and critique of contemporary architectural theories, a Design initiative was constructed for the development of a remote Architectural Lab in a region located above the 60th parallel north, a circle of latitude that is 60 degrees north of the Earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s equatorial plane. The lab will be mainly used during the summer months. The design has taken steps to respond to the site while incorporating the clientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life and personality into the design of the lab. For this second part of the project, review of the first building design and concept was needed to modify the building and its systems to allow the new building design to maximize the use of the natural resources from the site. The original lines, which the first building was derived, was re-examined for the creation of the re-designed building.

Landmannalaugar, Iceland The Landmannalauger area is Icelands most colorful of landscapes. Located in the southern part of Icelandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s highlands, Landmannalauger is most famous for its scenic beauty and hiking trails. This area is especially beautiful due to the unusual geology that fills the area around the site. Secluded, the site itself is lies on a hilly area between two mountain ranges. The high geothermal activity present in the area can create colorful rock formations. These mountains that surround the site display a wide spectrum of colors from pink, brown, green, yellow blue, purple and white. The landscape is rough and as such, a four-wheel drive vehicle with high clearance is essential to reach the site.

Site

Site Climate Analysis

Site

Average annual temperature

Site

Average January temperature

Average July temperature

Site

Geothermal Hotspot High Temperature Area

Temperature Scale in Celcius

Site

Average Annual Precipitation

History of geothermal in iceland A farmer from northern Iceland, Eggert Jónsson, started a project in 1942 in which he had invented a system for using georthermal activity to heat his home. In his project, a small concrete building filled with a piping system was built on the top of a hot spring. His project consisted of leading fresh water from a considerable height to the building. The water would then be heated there and be brought back. The heating of the water created a self circulation heating system operated bby the force created by the density difference between the hot and cold water. This lead to a minimum loss of energy and water. He went on to construct a greenhouse using the same system capable of growing fresh fruit and vegetables during the winter.

10° - 12° 8° - 10° 6° - 8° 4° - 6° 2° - 4° 0° - -2° 2° - 0° 0° - -2° -2° - -4° -4° - -6° -6° - -8° -8° --10° -10° --12° -12° --14° -14° --16°

Precipitation Scale <600mm 600mm - 1199mm 1200mm - 1999mm 2000mm - 3999mm >4000mm

times of use

Much like the architectural lab located in North Shore, Hawaii, this lab also has a “shutdown” period. Due to the harsh winters in Iceland, roads to the site are open as early as late May and will remain open through September. The lab is located in an area where there are several high temperature hot springs. The lab will take advantage of these resources to heat the building. It will use the earth as a heatsource to boost heating efficiency and reduce operational costs. The heated water will travel through a field of pipes located within the thick concrete of the building. Due to it’s high thermal mass, the concrete would absorb this heat and would allow even heat distribution tthroughout the interior.

Zombie skin

In one of John McMorrough’s papers, he uses a metaphor relating zombies to architecture. Combining the idea of a frozen zombie with building’s shutdown in the winter lead to the outer skin. This skin, located on the glass facades, is composed of independent tubes connected through nitinol wire, also called muscle wire. This wire has the ability to lengthen or shorten depending on the tempurature or electric charge. In the winter, the grid frame would collapse onto the steel fin supports, acting as a net to hold the snow. Snow has a low density with pockets of air between the flakes, which helps prevent heat from passing through. This would allow for more insulation. The steel fins separate the layer of snow from the glass, creating an empty space in the middle.

As the zombie’s inner fluids begin to freeze due to the cold climate, it becomes incapable of moving. The skin was designed to do the same. As the building’s facade begin to accumulate snow, it essentially “shutdowns”. As the snow melts and the weather begins to warm up, the building comes to life as does the zombie.

Investigation in Materiality : Wall Study Arch 415 Duration: 1 Week Cho Byoung-Soo FALL 2012 Location: Seoul, South Korea

With enough force applied, metal deform and return to its original shape when the force is removed. Taking advantage of this phenomenon, long metal strips were compressed and folded to give stability, creating a space underneath. Tension wires were added to pull each individual metal strip into its own unique position, creating a space and form which manipulate light. 36

Wall Materiality The wall is often seen as an object of pure function, a vertical structure that defines and sometimes protects a certain area. The use of wire has given us an opportunity to experiment with the manipulation of light, geometry and structure. The images from the previous measurement portrays the use of tension. This wire structure used the tension to pull the metal sheets to create undulating surfaces. This idea, in combination with the material study, was taken a step further to be used as a wall. Wire is used to support the main wall assembly which consists of metal tubing and perforated metal. The thin wire, barely visible to the eye, creates an illusion that the wall is floating between the floor and ceiling.

10’

Right Elevation 1:30

Section 1:30

Front Elevation 1: 30

Mounting Surface 7/16” Flat Washer 1/4” Male Thread 1.25”

1.00”

Plan View 1:30

Ferrule 1/32” Wire Rope 0.375Z” dia. 1/4”-20-2B x 1.00”

Connection Section Detail 1:2

Ferrule Detail

30’

Jongno-gu Community centre for the arts Arch 415 Duration: 4 Weeks Cho Byoung-Soo FALL 2012 Location: Seoul, South Korea

In this area of Seoul, Jongno-gu, there exists a burgeoning art/ culture scene that is growing and expanding. As a result, there are a handful of bakeries, flower shops, tea houses, galleries and cafes. This area also has historical value as the established capital for the Joseon dynasty for the past 600 years and home to the current South Korean President, but what gives this area its charm are the residents that live here. This area is a prime example of â&#x20AC;&#x153;old meets newâ&#x20AC;?. 46

Urban Site Analysis

Main Roads

Secondary Roads

The location of the site was decided before the program. As a result, the location of the site made a significant impact of what the building should be. With mostly residences to the north of the site and more commercial properties to the south, a method to bridge the two communities felt to be the priority so that both the people living there and the designers and artists that work there understand the feelings and attitudes of the other. Located in the neigborhood of Chanseong-dong, the goal of the programmed object would be to bridge the gap between the incoming artists and designers with the residents and communities which are the heartbeat of the region.

Alleyways

Buildings

Building Goals

techno-functional

- Built object would include clad/perforated metal and tension wire in final build product

socio-functional

- Better the quality of the region by creating and sustaining community partnerships between the people who live there and the designers who work there by actively addressing community issues

eco-functional

-With more planning, considering the life cycle and embodied energy of the materials used at the initial stage construction, it could become far more sustainable

ideo-functional

- To attract both the residents and artists to come together in a community oriented space for all arts and hobbies, allowing them to inspire, grow, and create for the betterment of the community 50

Tradition and Culture The spatial design focused on the circulation which was based on the surrounding urban characteristics. The tight corridors in the building were created to imitate the alleyways, allowing the creation of moments between two individuals as they travel through the building. The path and circulation follow a geometrical and orthogonal pattern-like axis. The composition of the building was based around the traditional â&#x20AC;&#x153;madangâ&#x20AC;?, located on the lowest level. A madang is a korean term that refers to a courtyard, usually located in a traditional Korean home. It traditional homes, the madang serves as a space for encounters, sharig, celebration, greeting and welcoming strangers. The spaces above were positioned to allow views toward the madang.

To sub-levels To upper-levels

Circulation Diagram 54

Fourth Floor Workspace

Third Floor Workspace

Second Floor Workspace

Ground Floor Entrance Gallery Restroom

1B Floor

Conference Room/Lounge

2B Floor

Cafe Sitting Area

Program Massing Diagram

Sub-level 2

East Elevation 56

Sub-level 1

Ground Floor

Second Floor

South Elevation

Third Floor

Fourth Floor

Atlas of Novel Tectonics and Metaphysics of Genetic Architecture and Computation Arch 342 Duration: 1 Week Lance Walters SPR 2012 Writing

Modern computing technologies have greatly expanded flexibility within design and construction. As these technologies advance at an incredible rate, theories and ideas that we’ve thought to be farfetched begin to enter the realm of possibilities and the construction of different worlds. Advances in the exploration and design made with parametric methods have already occurred. Unfortunately, these advancements fall short when it comes to the construction of the actual building. Architecture, as a discipline, hasn’t made large advances compared to scientific technologies. As Karl S. Chu states, “architecture has still yet to incorporate the architecture of computation into the computation of architecture.” We merely use the computer as a tool for design rather than using it as a medium for construction. The main point that Chu’s paper advances is that architecture is headed on a path where it will become more reliant on genetic computation. As of now, long after a building is constructed and its original inhabitants are gone, the building either accommodates or resists the demands of its new inhabitants. What is built and inhabited survives beyond the parameter that it was built and used for. Also, we have not considered the relationship between the house and the environment in which the building is situated. An architect must create not only a harmonious relationship between man and building but also between building and environment. Reiser + Umemoto’s design approach was based on countering these inherent problems that are present today. Also, when it comes to design, R + U tries to create a more intimate setting between architecture and the environment where space and matter is one. The idea of these two entities becoming a part of one another affects the way architects think about architecture and design. As we continue forward into the future, demands and necessities, the “norm”, changes. Chu states in “Metaphysics of Genetic Architecture and Computation”, “The potential emancipation of architecture from anthropology is already enabling us to think for the first time of a new kind of xenoarchitecture with its own autonomy and will to

being”. Bypassing anthropomorphism, xenoarchitecture would enable us to develop a new concept of architecture that would satisfy the demands of our leap forward towards biogenetics and computation. In the current direction that architecture and technology is headed, the evolution of biomechanical systems may soon become part of our everyday lives. Both readings are aware of these problems but they each address the problem in a different way. Chu theorizes that the evolution of genetic architecture would make use of morphodynamic or morphogenetic changes such as buildings reproducing by itself by either creating an entirely new building, an identical building or moving and adjusting the different parts of the building, all of which would accommodate its inhabitants. He believes that the true goal in architecture, like in biology, would be to create synthesis of a morphodynamic and a morphogenetic system. In contrast to Chu’s xenoarchitecture, Reiser + Umemoto states in the introduction of “Atlas of Novel Tectonics”, “...architecture is not simply reducible to the container and the contained but there exists a dynamic exchange between life of matter and the matter of our lives...” The relationship between architecture and man, like the quote says, is not merely one of container and content. A piece of architecture is an extension of the architect, inputting his thoughts and ideas into the buildings. Symbolically, in many cultures, building systems have been laid similar to that of systems within the human body. Like Leon Battista Alberti said,” As in the living being each member accords with the others so in the building each part must harmonize with each other.” But why the human body? People believed in man as microcosm and adopted the human body as a model for beauty. With the “emancipation of anthropology from architecture”, can xenoarchitecture still be considered architecture? For as long as humans needed shelter from the elements, architecture and anthropology were one. Would machine understand man well enough to conform to his every thought and desire? 69

While both somewhat take an innovative approach to design, Chu’s position takes it much further by allowing machines to not only design the built environment but to also construct and maintain it. Rather than waiting for technology to progress to state in which genetic architecture is possible, R + U proposes that through thoughtful design, it would be possible to allow a building to accommodate its inhabitants and the environment for the lifetime of the building. In his writing, the future that Chu envisions, intangible as it is, may or may not come. He believes in a technological evolutionary point in which greater-than-human intelligence could be achieved through technological means. On the other hand, R + E’s approach to architecture focuses more on the materiality of a building and its potential. In the “Atlas of Novel Tectonics” reading, R + E points out the need for a shift in focus from “what does this mean?” to “what does this do?” in terms of material. As stated in the reading, the ever changing demands and problems that arise serve as a “heuristic device to invention”. When it comes to architecture, people are undecided between choosing environmental responsibility and luxury. Whichever prevails, invention of materials like self-cleaning glass, self-repairing metals and transparent concrete will continue to be focused on. Each invention and technological innovation created, we gain entry to the next stage technological evolution. As we go forward on this path, aesthetics and performance can begin to converge. Each essay postulates on the path which architecture is headed; both notions situated on a similar path but approach the present problems differently. Furthermore, each idea is dependent on the advancement of technology. The difference in each of these ideas is whether or not we should enter a new realm of “possibilities” or enhance the world we are in now. If we continue on the path that Karl S. Chu theorizes, would there still be a need for architects?

BIBLIOGRAPHY Chu, Karl S. “Metaphysics of Genetic Architecture and computation.” Architectural Design 76, no.4 (July/Aug. 2006), 38-44. Reiser, Jessie, and Nanako Umemoto. The Atlas of Novel Tectonics. New York: Princeton Architetural Press, 2006, 17-35.

Photography Travel. Architecture.

Beijing 798 Art Zone. Beijing, China.

Galaxy SOHO by Zaha Hadid Architects. Beijing, China.

Gyeongbok Palace. Seoul, South Korea

Great Wall of China. Outside Beijing, China

Urban Hive. Seoul, South Korea.

Beijing National Stadium, Birdâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Nest. Beijing, China.

Tower of Heaven. Beijing, China.

Moats outside the Forbidden Temple. Beijing, China.