LMS Steam in Scotland in the 1930s by TransportTreasuryPublishing

tL35-43

LMS Steam in Scotland in the 1930s

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The ‘Grouping’ in Scotland brought together the locomotive stock of the Caledonian Railway, the Highland Railway and the Glasgow and South Western Railway under the LM&SR management which almost immediately sought for the standardisation of locomotive parts.

Dickson

Fortunately the Caley under the leadership of John McIntosh had started down this path which meant that together with the work done by David Jones and Peter Drummond at the Highland, the LM&SR could rely on good performing locomotives for many years.

LMS Steam in Scotland in the 1`930s

ISBN 978-1-913893-37-8

Unfortunately the locomotive stock of the G&SWR suffered prior to the Grouping from a series of badly designed, poorly steaming replacement boilers which the LM&SR judged to be non-standard leading to their early withdrawal and replacement by former Caley stock and LM&SR Classes such as 2P 4-4-0’s and 4F 0-6-0’s. This collection brings together many previously unpublished images of Caley, Highland and Sou’West locomotives at work and rest throughout the former LM&SR territory

Brian J Dickson

LMS Steam in Scotland in the 1930s

Compiled by Brian J Dickson 1

© Images and design: The Transport Treasury 2023. Text Brian J Dickson ISBN 978-1-913893-37-8 First Published in 2023 by Transport Treasury Publishing Ltd. 16 Highworth Close, High Wycombe, HP13 7PJ Totem Publishing, an imprint of Transport Treasury Publishing. The copyright holders hereby give notice that all rights to this work are reserved. Aside from brief passages for the purpose of review, no part of this work may be reproduced, copied by electronic or other means, or otherwise stored in any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the Publisher. This includes the illustrations herein which shall remain the copyright of the copyright holder. www.ttpublishing.co.uk Printed in Taxien, Malta by Gutenberg Press Ltd. Front cover - August 1937. Former Caledonian Railway Class 812 0-6-0 No 17599 is standing at an unknown location at the head of a train consisting of seven ballast wagons and a brake van. Constructed by Sharp, Stewart & Co in 1900 she would be numbered 861 by the Caley. Destined to give sixty years of service she would be withdrawn by British Railways during 1959 numbered 57599. The John McIntosh design of Class 812 (LMS Class 3F) extended to 79 examples which entered service over a short period of one year between May 1899 and May 1900. Constructed by the Caleys own works at St Rollox and the three Glasgow locomotive manufacturers that would merge in 1903 to become the North British Locomotive Co - Neilson, Reid & Co, Sharp, Stewart & Co and Dübs & Co. (MP31258) Frontispiece - 1930. Waiting to depart from St Enoch station with a passenger working is former G&SWR Class 540 (LMS Class 5P) 4-6-4 tank No 15400. The driver is undertaking some last minute oiling. Introduced during 1922 by Robert Whitelegg, the six members of the class were of such a size and weight that their duties were largely confined to the main line between Glasgow, Kilmarnock and Ayr and the coast lines. All six examples were the product of the NBL and would be withdrawn by the LMS before the end of 1936 with No 15400 going at the end of 1935. Rear cover: Summer 1935. Seen entering the ‘down’ platform at Nairn station at the head of a long goods train is former HR ‘Small Ben’ Class (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14400 Ben More. The product of Dübs & Co during 1899 as one of a batch of five examples delivered by them in that year, she would be rebuilt as seen here with a Caledonian boiler during 1927 and be destined to be withdrawn in 1946.

Introduction

n Scotland during the 1930’s the LMS relied heavily on its stock of former Caledonian Railway 0-6-0 classes to work the huge amounts of goods and mineral traffic it handled. With numbers totalling almost fourhundred examples in the Classes ‘294’, ‘711’, ‘812’, ‘652’, ‘30’ and ‘300’ being allocated to sheds as far apart as Aberdeen and Carlisle many of these locomotives dating from the early 1880’s with the Class ‘294’, designed by Dugald Drummond entering service in 1883.

from 1896 until 1914 when the last of a total of eighty-seven entered service. Similarly the Highland Railway produced a series of 4-4-0’s designed by David Jones and Peter Drummond totalling ninety examples between 1874 and 1917 that continued to handle the bulk of their passenger traffic for many years, the LMS even rebuilt many of the ‘Loch’ and ‘Ben’ Classes with Caledonian boilers to extend their working lives. The 4-6-0’s inherited ranged from the impressive McIntosh ‘Cardean’ Class that handled the heavy West Coast Joint Stock trains to the mixed traffic and goods locomotives from a number of classes designed by both John McIntosh and William Pickersgill. These totalled fifty-six examples including the six former Highland ‘River’ class that the Caley bought in 1915. The LMS actually constructed a further twenty examples of the Pickersgill Class ‘60’ the so-called ‘Greybacks’ during 1925 and 1926. The Highland ‘Castle’ and ‘Clan’ classes continued their hard work on the former Highland routes well into the mid 1930’s before the allocation of the William Stanier designed 5P5F 4-6-0’s to Perth and Inverness sheds.

A constant stream of 0-6-0’s appeared during the John McIntosh period with Classes ‘711’, ‘812’, ‘652’ and ‘30’ coming into service between 1895 and 1912 with William Pickersgill contributing the Class ‘300’ locomotives constructed at St Rollox Works between 1918 and 1920. The former Glasgow and South Western Railway contributed about one-hundred and eighty 0-6-0’s many of which had been rebuilt prior to the grouping with inferior boilers, this led the LMS to almost immediately withdraw large numbers from service and substitute former Caledonian locomotives and a number of their own 4F 0-6-0’s to handle the duties. The Highland Railway contributed precisely twelve 0-6-0’s, the so called ‘Barneys’, the only locomotives of that wheelbase they owned. So well built and maintained were the majority of all these classes that many ended their days handling the same duties with British Railways and not being withdrawn until the mid-1960’s a number having given seventy years of service.

The former Glasgow and South Western Railway locomotives fared badly under LMS ownership not only, as previously mentioned, did they lose many 0-6-0’s but the stock of 4-4-0’s and 4-6-0’s was quickly reduced and replaced with reliable LMS 2P and three cylinder ‘Compound’ 4-4-0’s. Suburban passenger traffic around Glasgow was very much in the hands of the classic Caley 0-4-4 tank of which the LMS inherited over onehundred examples, these also found much use on branch lines throughout the system such as those to Aberfeldy and Moffat. The introduction of the Stanier 2-6-2 tanks led to some withdrawals but many examples remained working well into British Railways days

For passenger traffic the LMS became the owners of a large number of very reliable 4-4-0 and 4-6-0 express locomotives from both the CR and the HR. The John McIntosh designed series of ‘Dunalastair’ 4-4-0’s set a standard of reliability and operational success that meant they continued construction

Brian J Dickson

Saturday 24 May 1930. At Dundee West shed and seen attached to a wooden coal tender is former CR 0-4-0 Saddle tank No 16001 which had originally been constructed in 1873 by Dübs & Co as an 0-4-0 side tank for the Caley. Originally numbered 447 by them she would bear a series of numbers throughout her working life. The glass negative from which this reproduction is taken, is of such a fine resolution that it is possible to read the builders plate fitted to the front sandbox which clearly states ‘L.M.S. Rebuilt 1904 St Rollox’. She would be withdrawn from service during 1933.

Saturday 24 May 1930. Seen showing off her LMS Crimson livery and 18” gold numerals at Dundee West Shed is former CR Class 439 (LMS Class 2P) 0-4-4 tank No 15231. The first member of a batch of ten locomotives constructed during 1922 at St Rollox Works she would end her working days based at Ayr and be withdrawn in 1961 numbered 55231 by British Railways.

Monday 26 May 1930. Coming toward the end of her working life, she would be withdrawn eight months after this photograph, former HR ‘Strath’ Class 4-4-0 No 14275 Glentruim is seen at Forres shed. Designed by David Jones and introduced during 1892, the class consisted of a total of 12 members all constructed by Neilson & Co during 1892. They would all undergo major repairs between 1915 and 1921 with No 14725 receiving a new boiler whilst under overhaul at Hawthorn, Leslie & Co in 1920. (H. C. Casserley)

Monday 26 May 1930. Standing on the turntable at Inverness shed is the William Stroudley designed 0-6-0 ‘Lochgorm tank’ No 16119, formerly HR No 57 and named Lochgorm. Constructed at the same named works during 1872 as the second member of a class of three locomotives, she would be rebuilt about 1910 incorporating the coal bunker. She would be withdrawn in 1932 after 60 years of service. William Stroudley had trained as a locomotive engineer at the Swindon Works of the Great Western Railway during the 1850’s and by 1861 had been retained to manage the Cowlairs Works of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway in Glasgow. In 1865 he was appointed as Locomotive Superintendent at the Highland Railway at £500 per annum but in December 1869 he had resigned and would take up the same position at the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway at £800 per annum. His only locomotive design contribution to the Highland Railway was this 0-6-0 tank type of which three examples were constructed, No 57 Lochgorm seen above, No 56 Balnain during 1869 and No 16 St.Martins in 1874. (H. C. Casserley)

Thursday 29 May 1930. Constructed by Peckett & Sons during 1904, the diminutive 0-4-0 saddle tank seen here at Perth shed, started her working life with the Ayr Harbour Railway which would be taken over by the G&SWR in 1919. Numbered 735 by the G&SWR she would become No 16043 with the LMS and be transferred to Perth towards the end of her working life, which would be in December of 1930. (H. C. Casserley)

May 1930. At Ayr shed LMS Class 4F 0-6-0 No 4156 is at rest between duties. The product of Crewe Works in 1925 she would by 1935 be based at Corkerhill shed and by the 1940’s be allocated to a series of English sheds. She would be withdrawn whilst based at Kettering in 1964 numbered 44156 by British Railways. The Henry Fowler development of the former Midland Railway Class 3835 0-6-0 design resulted in the Class 4F which commenced construction at Derby Works during 1924 and continued until 1941 by which time a total of over 570 examples had appeared. Constructed at Derby, Crewe, Horwich and St Rollox Works, further examples were also produced by the NBL in Glasgow, Kerr Stuart & Co in Stoke-on-Trent and Andrew Barclay Ltd in Kilmarnock. Three have managed to reach the preservation scene, Nos 4027, 4123 and 4422.

Top - June 1930. Withdrawn from service during the previous year 1929, former G&SWR Class 224 later Class 221 (LMS Class 1F) 0-4-2 No 17064 is seen at St Rollox Works awaiting disposal. Constructed at Kilmarnock Works during 1902 she would be numbered 255 and later 260 with the G&SWR. Bottom - June 1930. Still bearing the former owners identity, G&SWR Class 221 0-4-2 No 637 is seen at St Rollox Works awaiting scrapping. The product of Neilson & Co in 1875 and originally numbered 240 by the G&SWR she had been withdrawn from service the previous year 1929. Opposite - June 1930. The graceful lines of this James Manson design of 0-6-0 for the G&SWR are clearly evident in this photograph of No 17177 seen at St Rollox Works. His Class 306 later Class 178 (LMS Class 1F) utilised much of an earlier design by Hugh Smellie and continued the use of the distinctive Stirling type of cab. Introduced during 1892 with 20 being constructed by Dübs & Co, the last appearing in 1893, No 17177 had entered service in 1892 being numbered 318 and later 190 by the G&SWR, she was withdrawn from service in December 1930.

June 1930. At Hurlford shed is seen a close-up of LMS Class 4F 0-6-0 No 4327. Constructed at St Rollox during 1928 as part of a batch of 20 examples that entered service from that works. She would be withdrawn in 1964 by British Railways numbered 44327.

June 1930. Also seen at Hurlford shed is a close-up of LMS Class 4F No 4153. Constructed at Crewe Works during 1925 she would by the 1940’s be based at English sheds and be withdrawn in 1963 whilst based at Sowerby Bridge numbered 44153 by British Railways.

June 1930. This close-up of LMS Class 4F 0-6-0 No 4312 has been captured at Forres shed. Constructed at St Rollox Works as part of a batch of 30 examples entering service from that works during 1927, she would end her days based at Hurlford shed and be withdrawn in 1962 numbered 44312 by British Railways. Note the tablet exchange equipment fitted to the cabside.

June 1930 At Hurlford shed is seen in close-up LMS Class 2P 4-4-0 No 598. The product of Derby Works during 1928 she would become No 40598 with British Railways and be withdrawn from service in 1959 having given only 31 years of service. The Midland Railway under the guidance of Samuel Johnson produced a range of Class 2 4-4-0’s between 1876 and 1901 with continuing improvements being made in steaming and operational qualities. Under the guidance of Henry Fowler, the LMS continued with the design producing a further 240 examples the bulk originating from Derby Works. Many spent time allocated to Scottish sheds.

Saturday 12 July 1930. In ex-works condition at St Rollox Works is an example of the Hugh Smellie design of Class 119 later Class 467 (LMS Class 1P) 4-4-0 for the G&SWR. No 14132 had originally been numbered 138 and later 715 with the G&SWR and had been constructed at Kilmarnock Works in 1884 with a domeless boiler, she would escape the rebuilding by Whitelegg of other class members and retain her domeless boiler and rounded cab. Her livery is plain black and her tender is still fitted with a weatherboard, she would be withdrawn during 1931. The chalked lettering on the side of the running board reads - ‘Pipe to put in’ and ‘Vac exhaust to clip in smoke box’.

Saturday 12 July 1930. Awaiting scrapping at St Rollox Works is ex-G&SWR Class 153 later Class 448 (LMS Class 1P) Hugh Smellie designed 4-4-0 No 14153. The product of Kilmarnock Works in 1889 and originally numbered 87 and later 461 with the G&SWR she avoided being rebuilt by Whitelegg and had been withdrawn three months prior to this photograph.

Wednesday 4 May 1932. With only a further five months remaining of her working life, ex-G&SWR Class 361 later Class 101 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17490 is seen at Corkerhill shed. Constructed by Neilson, Reid & Co as part of a batch of 20 examples of the class delivered during 1900, she would be rebuilt with a larger Robert Whitelegg designed boiler in 1922. Numbered 366 and later 120 by the G&SWR she would be withdrawn from service during October 1932. A further 14 members of the class entered service between 1900 and 1910 from Neilson, Reid & Co, the NBL and the G&SWR’s own works at Kilmarnock.

Saturday 14 May 1932. Standing at St Enoch shed is former G&SWR Class 361 later Class 101 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17507. Originally numbered 13 and later 102 with the G&SWR she was numerically the last of the class to enter service from Kilmarnock Works during 1910. She would escape being rebuilt during the Robert Whitelegg period and retain what could be described as the designs graceful lines until her withdrawal in December 1932. The former G&SWR shed at St Enoch, close to the station of the same name, was closed by the LMS in April 1935 with its allocation of locomotives transferring to Corkerhill.

Monday 23 May 1932. At the former Caledonian Railway Perth South shed, William Pickersgill designed 4-4-0 No 14480 is in rather grimy looking condition. Constructed at St Rollox Works during 1920 as part of a batch of ten examples of the class produced that year, she would be numbered 75 by the Caley. With British Railways she would be numbered 54480 and be withdrawn in 1960.

Tuesday 23 August 1932. Seen here at Perth in what the photographer has noted is plain black livery, is the ‘Caley Single’ No 14010. Constructed by Neilson & Co in 1886 as its exhibition piece for the Edinburgh Exhibition of Science, Industry and Art that year the design basically followed the layout of a Dugald Drummond 4-4-0 but utilising 7’ single driving wheels. Purchased by the Caledonian Railway and numbered 123 by them, she took part in the Races to Scotland during 1888 working the final section from Carlisle to Edinburgh. Withdrawn from service in 1935 and placed into store it would be in 1958 that James Ness the General Manager of the Scottish Region of British Railways would have her restored to working order to be utilised on enthusiast specials. Finally withdrawn from service during 1965 she is now to be seen at the Riverside Museum in Glasgow. Note that the works plate on the driving wheel splasher spuriously reads ‘LMS Built 1886 St Rollox’.

1933. LMS Class 3F 0-6-0 tank No 16619 which is seen here parked at St Enoch shed, was the product of William Beardmore & Co during 1928 as part of a batch of 25 machines built by that company during that year. She would be renumbered 7536 by the LMS and be withdrawn from service by British Railways in 1962 numbered 47536.

June 1933. Seen departing from St Enoch station in Glasgow at the head of a train, that the photographer has recorded as destined for Largs, is Hugh Smellie designed Class 119 later Class 467 (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14118. Constructed at Kilmarnock Works in 1882 and numbered 124 and later 702 with the G&SWR she would be withdrawn from service one year later during June 1934. (ICA M221)

Saturday 5 August 1933. Standing adjacent to the turntable at the former Caledonian Railway shed at Perth South is William Pickersgill designed 4-4-0 No 14501. Constructed by the NBL in 1922 she would be numbered 54501 with British Railways and be withdrawn during 1961. William Pickersgill had succeeded John McIntosh as the Locomotive Superintendent with the Caley in 1914 and he continued and improved the well established McIntosh design of 4-4-0’s. Constructed with slightly larger cylinders, stronger frames and a higher nominal tractive effort than the McIntosh designs, his Class 113 locomotives were introduced in 1916 with a total of 48 appearing, the last in 1922. During LMS days they could be found working as far north as Wick and Thurso and as far south as Stranraer on the former G&SWR territory.

Saturday 9 September 1933. The Dugald Drummond designed Class 294 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0’s for the Caledonian Railway were introduced in 1883 and continued construction until 1895 by which time a total of 163 examples had entered service. The bulk of the class were constructed by the Caleys own works at St Rollox, but 35 examples did come from Neilson & Co during 1884. No 17334 seen here at Balornock shed had entered service from St Rollox in 1892 numbered 542 by the CR. Becoming 57334 with British Railways, she would be withdrawn in 1951.

Saturday 9 September 1933. Seen at St Enoch station in Glasgow at the head of a ‘stopper’ is ex-CR Class 711 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17439. Constructed at St Rollox Works during 1896 she would be numbered 570 by the CR becoming No 57439 with British Railways and be withdrawn in 1953.

June 1934. Seen at Ardrossan shed is LMS Class 4P 4-6-0 No 14645. Constructed as part of an order for 20 examples of the former CR Class 60 designed by William Pickersgill, she entered service from St Rollox Works during 1926 and would be withdrawn in 1950. This superheated boiler class were introduced in 1916 with six members constructed at St Rollox during 1916 and 1917 with the further 20 entering service during 1925 and 1926, also from St Rollox Works.

June 1934. Seen at Ardrossan shed is a close-up of LMS Class 2P 4-4-0 No 668 which had been constructed at Derby Works during 1932. She would become No 40668 with British Railways and be withdrawn after only twenty-nine years of service in 1961. The post-grouping development of the former Midland Railway Samuel Johnson design of Class 2 4-4-0’s commenced construction during 1928 with both Derby and Crewe Works contributing a total of 240 locomotives, the last appearing in 1932. Many examples were allocated to former G&SWR sheds replacing the withdrawn locomotives from that former company.

Saturday 7 July 1934. At St Rollox former HR ‘Small Ben’ Class (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14402 Ben Armin is looking in splendid ex-works condition sporting black lined livery. The product of Dübs & Co in 1899 and numbered 6 by the Highland, she had been rebuilt with a Caledonian boiler during 1927 and would be withdrawn from service in 1939. Peter Drummond succeeded David Jones as Locomotive Superintendent with the Highland Railway in 1896 with his first design being the ‘Small Ben’ Class of 4-4-0’s the first eight examples appearing from Dübs & Co in Glasgow in 1898 and 1899. A further nine examples were constructed between 1899 and 1901 at the Highland Railway Works at Lochgorm in Inverness with a further three locomotives of the class coming from the NBL during 1906. The LMS considered the class so useful that the bulk of them were rebuilt with Caledonian boilers between 1927 and 1930. All were adorned with the names of mountains or ‘Bens’ falling within the Highland Railway territory.

1935. LMS Class 5P5F 4-6-0 No 5007 can be barely months old in this photograph showing her at Ferryhill shed in Aberdeen. Entering service from Crewe Works during April of that year she would become something of a wanderer spending time allocated to Perth, Eastfield, Dalry Road, Corkerhill and finally Hurlford from where she would be withdrawn in 1964. Examples of this highly successful William Stanier design were distributed among the larger Scottish sheds, by 1948 there were 26 allocated to Inverness and a staggering total of 60 based at Perth.

1935. At Corkerhill shed former G&SWR Class 153 later Class 448 (LMS Class 1P) 4-4-0 No 14143 is manoeuvring in the shed yard. This Hugh Smellie design for express passenger operation consisted of 20 examples all constructed at Kilmarnock Works between 1886 and 1889. No 14143 entered service during 1886 numbered 154 and later 466, she would be rebuilt in 1923 with a Whitelegg boiler and withdrawn from service at the end of 1935.

1935. This busy scene at Ferryhill shed in Aberdeen sees former CR Class 439 (LMS Class 2P) 0-4-4 tank No 15234 waiting its turn to come off shed behind a ‘Black 5’ 4-6-0 with a Class J36 0-6-0 in the background. Constructed at St Rollox Works during 1922 she would be numbered 55234 with British Railways and end her days allocated to Beattock shed undertaking banking duties and be withdrawn in 1962.

1935. Acting as station pilot at St Enoch station is ex-CR Class 439 (LMS Class 2P) 0-4-4 tank No 15186. Constructed at St Rollox Works in 1907 and numbered 660 by the CR, she would become No 55186 with British Railways and be withdrawn during 1952. The John McIntosh design of 0-4-4 tank was a development of the earlier Dugald Drummond design of 1884 which had been continued by John Lambie. Incorporating condensing gear to enable working on the underground sections of the Glasgow Central Low Level Lines, they became known as ‘Standard Passenger Tanks’ or Class 439 and 100 were constructed up to 1914. Further examples appeared during the William Pickersgill period and the LMS even had constructed a further ten examples in 1925. One example reached the preservation scene with No 419 being owned by the Scottish Railway Preservation Society and kept at their base at Bo’ness.

1935. At Polmadie shed the crew of this LMS Class 4P 4-6-0 No 14636 pause in their manual turning of their locomotive for the photographer. Constructed at St Rollox Works in 1926 as part of a batch of 20 examples ordered by the LMS of the former Caledonian Class 60 designed by William Pickersgill. She would become number 54636 with British Railways and be withdrawn from service during 1953.

1935. Acting as Glasgow Central station pilot is former CR Class 711 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17447. The product of St Rollox Works in 1896 she would give sixty-six years of service being withdrawn by British Railways in 1962 numbered 57447. Note the extent of the commercial advertising on the buildings in the background, on the left is ‘Venos Lightning Cough Cure’ which is still manufactured and sold to this day. On the right are the rear of the buildings in Jamaica Street which promote ‘Walter Wilson Drapers and Milliners’, ‘The Grand Colosseum’ department store and ‘Paisleys Limited Home & Colonial outfitters’. Walter Wilson was incorporated into The Grand Colosseum which continued trading until 1957 whilst Messrs Paisleys’ closed during 1979.

May 1935. At St Rollox Works former HR ‘Loch’ Class (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14384 Loch Laggan is seen in ex-works condition and wearing a black lined livery. The product of Dübs & Co during 1896 she would receive a new boiler whilst undergoing overhaul at Hawthorn, Leslie & Co in 1921 and be withdrawn from service in 1938. Note that she is still carrying the Dübs & Co diamond shaped works plate. David Jones succeeded William Stroudley as Locomotive Superintendent at the HR in 1870 and the last of this nine locomotive designs for that company were the 15 examples of the ‘Loch’ Class. Ordered in February 1896 all were constructed at Dübs & Co and delivered between July and September of that year. To ease the locomotive shortage encountered by the railway during the First World War a further three examples were ordered and purchased from the NBL, these being delivered in March 1917

Monday 6 May 1935. Seen at Balornock shed, former CR Class 711 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17422 had been constructed at St Rollox Works in 1897 and be numbered 755 by the Caley. She would be withdrawn from service during 1948. John McIntosh continued the construction of the earlier Dugald Drummond designed Class 294 0-6-0 goods locomotives from 1895 with the class being designated ‘711’ by the Caledonian. The only changes to the earlier design were some boiler modifications. A total of 81 class members appeared from St Rollox Works from 1895 until 1897 the bulk of which survived to reach the Nationalisation period and were not withdrawn until the early 1960’s.

Monday 20 May 1935. The John McIntosh design of Class 34 (LMS Class 3F) 2-6-0’s were the first of that wheelbase to be introduced on a Scottish railway. Only five examples were constructed, all at St Rollox Works during 1912 and they were allocated to handle the heavy goods traffic between Carlisle and Perth and Dundee. No 17803 is seen here at Perth shed, originally numbered 38 by the Caley, she would be withdrawn during 1937. This class was a development of the earlier McIntosh Class 30 0-6-0 passenger locomotive and they were designed with the addition of a pair of leading wheels to assist in the redistribution of weight due to the fitting of Schmidt superheaters.

Tuesday 28 May 1935. In beautifully clean condition in fully lined-out crimson lake livery at Kingmoor shed in Carlisle, LMS Class 4P ‘Compound’ 4-4-0 No 1175 is carrying the correct 12A Kingmoor shed code. The product of the Vulcan Foundry in 1925 she would be withdrawn during 1955. Samuel Johnson designed the first of his 3-Cylinder Compound locomotives for the Midland Railway in 1901 with their success leading to a total of 45 examples being constructed, the last during 1909. The LMS under Henry Fowler constructed a further 195 examples between 1924 and 1932 many finding their way to Scottish sheds as far apart as Aberdeen and Dumfries.

Wednesday 29 May 1935. Seen at Stirling shed is LMS Class 5 2-6-0 No 2801. Constructed at Crewe Works during 1928 and initially numbered 13101 by the LMS, she would be renumbered 2801 in 1934 and become 42801 with British Railways being withdrawn in 1966. Note the tablet exchange equipment fitted to her tender. The so called ‘Crabs’ were the first truly LMS design which found its basis on an earlier unfulfilled Caledonian ‘Mogul’ design with many alterations undertaken at the Horwich Works drawing office. Regarded as a Mixed Traffic locomotive a total of 245 examples would enter service between 1926 and 1932, many finding their way to Scottish sheds especially in the former G&SWR territory.

Saturday 1 June 1935. With the rebuilding of Carstairs shed taking place in the background, ex-CR ‘Dunalastair IV’ (LMS Class 3P) 4-4-0 No 14439 is waiting her next duty. The product of St Rollox Works during 1908 that had been constructed with a saturated steam boiler, she would be rebuilt in 1915 with a superheated boiler. She would give 50 years of service being withdrawn in 1958 numbered 54439 with British Railways. The John McIntosh ‘Dunalastair’ series of express passenger locomotives which commenced in 1896 with the construction of 15 examples acquiring their class name from the first example to enter service with the Caley, No 721 Dunalastair reached their culmination with final ‘Dunalastair IV’ entering service between 1911 and 1914 all fitted with with superheating.

Opposite top - Saturday 29 June 1935. An early example of the Dugald Drummond Class 294 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 is seen here at Dawsholm shed. No 17258 had been the product of Neilson & Co in 1884 being numbered 524 with the CR. Later becoming No 57258 with British Railways she would give a total of 78 years of service being withdrawn during 1962. Opposite bottom - Saturday 29 June 1935. Also seen at Dawsholm shed, ex-CR Class 294 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17371 is seen paired with a tender which has a weather cab fitted. The product of St Rollox Works during 1893, she would be withdrawn from service in 1948. Above - Saturday 6 July 1935. With a bunker filled high with coal and the crew together with a young enthusiast happy to pose for the photographer, former CR Class 92 (LMS Class 2P) 0-4-4 tank No 15131 is ready for her next duty at Hamilton shed. The product of St Rollox Works during 1897 and numbered 98 by the Caley, she would end her days based at Ayr shed and be withdrawn in 1946.

Wednesday 10 July 1935. This wonderfully moody photograph shows former HR ‘Loch’ Class (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14382 Loch Moy piloting a Stanier ‘Black 5’ as they depart from Blair Atholl station at the head of a northbound passenger train. They have ahead of them an almost 16 mile climb of the 1 in 70 gradient to Druimuachdar Summit. Constructed by Dübs & Co in 1896 she would be rebuilt with a Caledonian boiler, as seen here, in 1926 and be withdrawn at the end of 1940. Note in the background, one of the two remaining Peter Drummond designed 0-6-4 ‘Banking Tank’ parked in front of the shed.

Tuesday 30 July 1935. Seen approaching Dumfries station with Dumfries No 1 ‘box in the background is ex-CR ‘Dunalastair IV’ Class (LMS Class 3P) 4-4-0 No 14443 at the head of an ‘up’ express. Constructed at St Rollox Works during 1911 this superheated locomotive would be numbered 134 by the Caley and become No 54443 with British Railways and be withdrawn from service in 1955. The Caledonian Railway semaphore on the front buffer beam indicates that the train has travelled via Holytown.

Summer 1935. Seen moving ‘off shed’ at Inverness in a filthy condition is ex-HR ‘Castle’ Class (LMS Class 3P) 4-6-0 No 14682 Beaufort Castle. The product of Dübs & co during 1902 and numbered 147 by the Highland, she would be withdrawn in 1943.

Monday 13 April 1936. The Peter Drummond design of Class 33 later Class 51 (LMS Class 4F) 2-6-0 locomotives intended for the heavy goods traffic on the G&SWR were introduced in 1915 with all 11 examples coming out of the NBL during that year. No 17825, seen here at Kingmoor shed had borne several running numbers during her working life, initially as No 406 later becoming No 93 and later still No 56, she would only give 21 years of service being withdrawn at the end of 1936.

Saturday 30 May 1936. At Symington station, LMS Class 7P ‘Princess Royal’ 4-6-2 No 6204 Princess Louise waits to have the Edinburgh portion of a south bound express attached to the rear of her train. Constructed at Crewe Works and entering service ten months earlier, she would only give 26 years of service being withdrawn during 1961. William Stanier joined the LMS from the GWR during January 1932 and by April of that year was approving designs for a large four-cylinder ‘Pacific’ locomotive to be constructed. Officially known as the ‘Princess Royal’ Class the first two examples, No 6200 The Princess Royal and No 6201 Princess Elizabeth exited Crewe Works in July and November 1933 and after running-in trials they were put to work hauling the ‘Royal Scot’ between London and Glasgow. These two examples were followed by ten conventional members of the class from Crewe Works between June and October 1935. Two examples No’s 6201 and 6203 Princess Margaret Rose have reached the preservation scene.

Wednesday 10 June 1936. With the new coaling stage being constructed at Kingmoor shed in Carlisle in the background, ex-MR Class 4 0-6-0 No 4009 is seen standing in the yard. The product of Derby Works during 1921 she has been attached to a tender with a weatherboard. Allocated to Kingmoor shed for the bulk of her working life she would be withdrawn in 1964 numbered 44009 with British Railways.

Monday 15 June 1936. Constructed at the Highland Railways own works at Lochgorm in 1901, ‘Small Ben’ Class 4-4-0 No 14411 Ben Loyal is seen here at Inverness shed towards the end of her working life, she would be withdrawn from service three months after this photograph. One of only four members of the class of 20 examples not to be rebuilt with a Caledonian boiler, she would retain her smoke box wing plates, the eight wheeled tender she acquired in 1910 and the Westinghouse pump with which she was fitted to enable her to work with the GNoSR stock between Inverness and Aberdeen.

Thursday 17 June 1937. In bright sunshine at Blair Atholl shed former HR ‘Loch’ Class (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14384 Loch Laggan is carrying a 29A, Perth shed code. Constructed by Dübs & Co in 1896 and numbered 124 by the Highland, she would escape being rebuilt with a Caledonian boiler but be overhauled by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co during 1921 and remain in the form seen here until her withdrawal in August 1938.

August 1937. At Oban shed former HR ‘Clan’ Class (LMS Class 4P) 4-6-0 No 14769 Clan Cameron is having her fire cleaned. The last member of this class of eight locomotives to be constructed by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co she entered service during 1921. She had been numbered 57 by the Highland and would be withdrawn from service in 1943. (MP31159)

August 1937. Preparing to depart from Oban station with a train for Glasgow is ex-HR ‘Clan’ Class (LMS Class 4P) 4-6-0 No 14767 Clan MacKinnon. The product of Hawthorn, Leslie & Co in 1921 she would be the last member of the class to be withdrawn during 1950 numbered 54767 by British Railways. (MP31077)

Sunday 1 August 1937. At Dalry Road shed in Edinburgh former CR Class 72 (LMS Class 3P) 4-4-0 No 14500 is simmering quietly. This class of locomotive designed by William Pickersgill and introduced in 1920 consisted of 32 examples constructed not only by the Caleys own works at St Rollox in 1920 but by Armstrong, Whitworth & Co in 1921 and the NBL during 1922. No 14500 was from the 1922 batch that would become No 54500 and be withdrawn from service in 1962. (MP31292)

Wednesday 4 August 1937. Seen in good clean condition at Kyle of Lochalsh is ex-HR ‘Clan’ Class (LMS Class 4P) 4-6-0 No 14764 Clan Munro. Constructed by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co during 1919 she had originally been numbered 52 by the Highland and would be withdrawn in 1948. (MP31163)

Wednesday 4 August 1937. At Kyle of Lochalsh station ex-HR ‘Superheated Goods’ Class (LMS Class 5F) 4-6-0 No 17955 is waiting to depart with a working to Inverness. Constructed by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co during 1919 as a member of this class of only eight locomotives, she would become No 57955 with British Railways and be withdrawn during 1952. (MP31141)

Thursday 5 August 1937. Ex-HR Class ‘Superheated Goods’ (LMS Class 5F) 4-6-0 No 17954 is lifting a goods train away from Inverness yard and is about to pass Welsh’s Bridge signal box. The product of Hawthorn, Leslie & Co in 1919 she would be withdrawn during 1952 numbered 57954. (MP31161)

Thursday 5 August 1937. Leaving Nairn station in the background, an unidentified former HR ‘Castle’ Class 4-6-0 makes a fine spectacle with a tencoach ‘up’ train as it accelerates over the impressive castellated bridge which spans the River Nairn. In the background to the right of the locomotive is seen the Nairn Old Churchyard and in the middle distance the prominent spire of St Ninians Church in Queen Street. Beyond that is the square tower of Nairn Old Parish Church in Academy Street. (MP31149)

Friday 6 August 1937. Seen north of Blair Atholl assisting the train locomotive with a north-bound goods is ex-G&SWR Class 45 later Class 1 (LMS Class 3F) 0-6-2 tank No 16902. The almost 16 mile climb to Druimuachdar Summit is largely ruled by a gradient of 1 in 70. Transferred to Blair Atholl with classmate No 16907 after the withdrawal of the former HR 0-6-4 ‘Banking Tanks’, she had been constructed as part of a batch of ten examples of the class during 1919 by the NBL and originally carried the G&SWR number 3 becoming No 16402 and later 16902 with the LMS. She would be withdrawn from service during December of the following year, 1938. Note the six-wheeled former Highland Railway brake van that she is buffered up to. (MP31270)

Friday 6 August 1937. At Blair Atholl yard during the height of summer is seen this incongruous sight. Attached to a snowplough is former HR Class 18 (LMS Class 3F) 0-6-0 No 17702. Somehow acquiring the nickname ‘Barneys’ this Peter Drummond design of 0-6-0’s were the only tender locomotives of that wheelbase owned by the Highland Railway. Constructed between 1900 and 1907 by Dübs & Co and the NBL, the 12 examples of the class saw service well into the 1940’s with the last member being withdrawn during 1952. No 17702 had been the product of Dübs & Co in 1902 that would be withdrawn during 1949. (MP31268)

Friday 6 August 1937. Ex-HR ‘Loch’ No 14382 Loch Moy is again seen here piloting a Stanier ‘Black 5’ on a northbound express as they depart from Blair Atholl station. Allocated to Blair Atholl shed for much of the 1930’s Loch Moy would be re-allocated to Inverness during 1939. (MP31148)

Friday 6 August 1937. Seen taking water whilst parked adjacent to the Loco Cabin signal box at Perth is former HR ‘Castle’ Class (LMS Class 3P) 4-6-0 No 14692 Darnaway Castle. The product of the NBL during 1917 she would be withdrawn in 1946. Note the wonderful array of six stop signals on the gantry in the background. (MP31171)

Saturday 7 August 1937. In bright summer sunshine former CR Class 294 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17253 is seen at Stirling shed. The product of Neilson & Co during 1884 as part of a batch of 20 examples constructed by them for the Caley that year, she would originally be numbered 519. Becoming No 57253 with British Railways she would give 78 years of service being withdrawn during 1962.

Thursday 9 September 1937. The Highland Railway owned only one class of the 0-6-0 wheelbase tender locomotive and this was introduced by Peter Drummond in 1900 with the purchase of six examples of his ‘18” Class’ design from Dübs & Co. These were followed by a further four examples from Dübs in 1902 and a final pair from the NBL during 1907. Primarily utilised on goods traffic they could be found on occasions working passenger trains during busy periods. Seen here at Inverness shed is No 17694 which had entered traffic in 1900 and would give 50 years of service being withdrawn during 1950.

Friday 10 September 1937. Standing outside Lochgorm Works in Inverness is former HR ‘18” Class’ (LMS Class 3F) 0-6-0 No 17697 which had been the product of Dübs & Co during 1900. She would become No 57697 with British Railways and be withdrawn in 1951.

Friday 10 September 1937. Carrying a 29H, Inverness shed code, ex-HR ‘Small Ben’ Class 4-4-0 No 14405 Ben Rinnes is seen standing outside Lochgorm Works at Inverness. Constructed at the same works in 1899 she would be rebuilt with a Caledonian boiler, as seen here, during 1927 and be withdrawn from service in 1944.

Monday 20 September 1937. At Dawsholm shed ex-CR Class 294 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17379 is seen parked adjacent to the water tank. Constructed at St Rollox Works during 1894 she would be withdrawn in 1951 numbered 57379. Of the 163 examples of the class constructed, 25 were requisitioned by the Railway Operating Division in 1917 for service in France, all being returned to Scotland during 1919.

Monday 20 September 1937. Standing beside a classmate at Dawsholm shed the crew of former CR Class 711 (LMS Class 2F) 0-6-0 No 17471 seem happy to pose for the photographer. Constructed at St Rollox Works in 1897 and numbered 585 by the Caley, she had been equipped with a tender cab and would be withdrawn during 1948.

Saturday 3 September 1938. At Forres shed and barely a year old is William Stanier designed Class 3P 2-6-2 tank No 186. The product of Crewe Works during October of the previous year she would be something of a wanderer being allocated to several sheds in Scotland before withdrawal during 1962. This William Stanier design of passenger tank was effectively the taper boilered version of the earlier 1930 Henry Fowler designed locomotive and was introduced in 1935 with a total of 139 erected at both Derby and Crewe Works, the last appearing during 1938. (Philip Fox)

Wednesday 14 September 1938. At Perth shed is seen a rather grimy looking LMS Class 4P ‘Compound’ 4-4-0 No 1135. Constructed during 1925 by the NBL, whose diamond shaped works plate she is still carrying, she was one of a batch of 25 delivered by that company. She would be withdrawn in 1955 numbered 41135 by British Railways. (Philip Fox)

Wednesday 14 September 1938. At Stirling station LMS Class 5P5F 4-6-0 No 5157 The Glasgow Highlander is waiting to depart with a passenger train. Bearing a 29C Dundee shed code she had been constructed by Armstrong, Whitworth & Co in 1935 and by 1948 would be allocated to St Rollox shed. She would be withdrawn from service during 1962 numbered 45157 by British Railways. (Philip Fox)

1939. Seen at the north end of Carlisle station, former G&SWR Class 1 (LMS Class 3F) 0-6-2 tank No 16917 is awaiting its next duty. Constructed by the NBL in 1917 and numbered 147 by the G&SWR she would later become No 16417 with the LMS and finally No 16917, she would be withdrawn from service during 1940.

1939. At Inverness station ex-HR ‘Castle’ Class (LMS Class 3P) 4-6-0 No 14686 Urquhart Castle is waiting to depart with a passenger train for the south. Constructed by the NBL during 1911 she would be withdrawn from service in 1946. This Peter Drummond design of 4-6-0 were introduced during 1900 with ten examples constructed by Dübs & Co, the last being delivered in 1902. There followed a further nine examples from the NBL with delivery stretching between 1910 and 1917. They were all initially intended to work between Inverness and Perth with allocations being made at both of those sheds and at Aviemore. They later were found work on the Far North Line to Wick and in later years a number were allocated to Stirling to work on the Callander and Oban section. (GE 076)

Saturday 24 June 1939. At Hamilton shed with a crew member overseeing the filling of the tanks with water prior to being loaded with coal is William Stanier Class 3P 2-6-2 tank No 132. Constructed at Derby Works during 1935 and allocated to this shed when new, she would during the 1940’s and 1950’s be allocated to sheds in England. She would be withdrawn from service in 1961. (Philip Fox)

July 1939. Standing outside Lochgorm Works waiting entry to the works for an overhaul is ex-HR ‘Loch’ Class (LMS Class 2P) 4-4-0 No 14391 Loch Shin. Constructed by Dübs & Co during 1896 she would be overhauled by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co during 1921 and be rebuilt with a Caledonian boiler, as seen here, in 1924. She would be withdrawn during 1941.

Summer 1939. At Oban shed William Stanier Class 5P5F 4-6-0 No 5157 The Glasgow Highlander is seen again. One of the most successful of the William Stanier designs, the ‘Black Staniers’ or ‘Black 5’s’ as they became known extended to 842 examples produced over a period of 17 years, 1934 to 1951, the product of three LMS workshops, Crewe, Derby and Horwich and two private companies, the Vulcan Foundry and Armstrong, Whitworth & Co. The first 50 examples LMS No’s 5020 to 5069 were delivered by the Vulcan Foundry during 1934 and 1935 with the last two examples, British Railways No’s 44686 and 44687 being delivered from Horwich Works in 1951.

Summer 1939. Parked at Oban shed is former CR Class 191 ‘New Oban Bogie’ 4-6-0 No 14622. Constructed by the NBL during 1922 as part of a class of only eight examples, all with saturated steam boilers, they all were destined to work the ‘Oban road’. Displaced by the William Stanier Class 5 4-6-0’s all eight members of the class had short working lives with No 14622 only giving 21 years of service being withdrawn during 1943.

Summer 1939. This busy scene is at Oban shed with former HR ‘Clan’ Class 4-6-0 No 14765 Clan Stewart standing among the ash and char heaps. Constructed by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co in 1919, she would be allocated to Stirling shed, whose 29B shed code she is carrying, in 1934 to assist with working on the former Callander and Oban line. She would be withdrawn during 1945. In the background, standing on the turntable is Stanier ‘Black 5’ No 5081.

Thursday 17 August 1939. Shunting stock in Carstairs yard is one of the early examples of the William Pickersgill 4-4-0’s, No 14463. Constructed at St Rollox Works during 1916 she would be destined to be the last member of the class to be withdrawn from service in December 1962 numbered 54463 by British Railways.

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tL35-43

LMS Steam in Scotland in the 1930s

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Dickson

LMS Steam in Scotland in the 1`930s

ISBN 978-1-913893-37-8

Brian J Dickson