TRU Magazine | Fall-Winter 2024

Join us for an 8-day tour of Belgium 2

Medal reflects HST’s economic legacy 4 Presidential descendants bond over Truman 14

“I want the people to know the presidency as I have experienced it, and I want them to know me as I am.”

Harry S. Truman

TRUMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE

OUR VISION

People are inspired, enriched and empowered through the many resources of the Harry S. Truman Library and Museum.

OUR MISSION

To bring the life and legacy of Harry S. Truman to bear on current and future generations through the understanding of history, the presidency, domestic and foreign policy, and citizenship. COVER CONTENT Archival gems and fun facts from HST’s 1949 Inauguration

TRU MAGAZINE HIGHLIGHTS

On January 20, 1949, Harry S. Truman delivered his inaugural address on the U.S. Capitol’s East Portico.

More than 100,000 people were gathered in the Capitol Plaza when he began his address: “I accept with humility the honor which the American people have conferred upon me. I accept it with a resolve to do all that I can for the welfare of this Nation and for the peace of the world. …The tasks we face are difficult. We can accomplish them only if we work together.”

AN EVENING WITH THOMAS HOENIG

The winner of the 2024 Truman Medal for Economic Policy shares his essential components for a resilient economy.

FOR FREEDOM AND FOR PEACE

An international summit honors Truman’s global leadership and explores ways to ensure peace and security for the next 75 years.

We are honored to recognize the individuals, corporations and foundations who generously support our mission to uphold and advance the legacy of Harry S. Truman. 4 8 10 14 21

TRU PROFILE: KAREN AND STEVE PACK

Truman Legacy Society members Karen and Steve Pack reflect on the profound impact President Truman’s leadership had on their lives. In Karen’s words, “it’s the definition of ‘miracle.’”

DON’T LET IT GO TO YOUR HEAD

Descendants of eight former U.S. presidents—Cleveland, McKinley, Roosevelt, Grant, Johnson, Hayes, Monroe and, of course, Harry S. Truman—explore the Truman Library and consider their own personal ties to history.

ANNUAL DONOR HONOR ROLL

DEAR FRIENDS,

I am excited to share another issue of TRU with you. Your member magazine is filled with exclusive stories and features, like our conversation with economist Thomas M. Hoenig, winner of the 2024 Truman Medal for Economic Policy (page 4).

The Medal is awarded biennially to highlight President Truman’s economic legacy, a lesser-known aspect of his world-defining presidency.

In his first economic report to Congress on January 8, 1947, Truman noted that the prosperity of the United States is important not only to the American people: “It is the foundation of world prosperity and world peace. And the world is looking to us.”

To that end, the Truman administration created programs and institutions that resulted in the development of a new financial order, both nationally and internationally. In terms of domestic policy, the Truman administration’s most significant and lasting contributions were the creation of the Council of Economic Advisers and the Monetary Accord of 1951.

Internationally, President Truman’s advisers established the United Nations, The World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund, but I would argue that Truman’s greatest contributions came in the form of programs that provided financial support and technical aid to countries that were in ruins following World War II.

This included $400 million to support the economies and militaries of Greece and Turkey (the Truman Doctrine); $13 billion in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European countries (the Marshall Plan); as well as $6 billion in grants and credits to Asian countries, and another $500 million to aid countries in the Middle East.

In today’s dollars, that’s close to $150 billion—and it wasn’t just money. Massive aid, delivery, infrastructure and support services were established to maximize the impact of these relief funds, and economic policy changes were made to remove or reduce interstate trade barriers, revise regulations, modernize industry and increase productivity.

Here at home, President Truman championed the 1946 Employment Act and, after winning the 1948 election, sought to close the economic equality gap through “Fair Deal” initiatives like public housing, social security and national health insurance.

For Truman, economic policy and freedom were inextricably linked.

Internationally, “our objective in the world is peace,” he told Congress during his 1950 State of the Union Address (page 32). “We know now that this is not an easy task, or a short one. But we are determined to see it through…because we know that our own security and the future of mankind are at stake.”

Truman went on to say, “Our success in working with other nations to achieve peace depends largely on what we do at home. …We seek to establish those material conditions of life in which, without exception, men may live in dignity, perform useful work, serve their communities, and worship God as they see fit.”

This, America’s 33rd president declared, is worth more than “all the empires and conquests of history, [and they are] achieved…by a deep devotion to the principles of justice and equality.”

Stay TRU,

ALEX BURDEN Executive Director

Truman Library Institute

Design: Jaron Theye

Send letters, corrections and changes of address to:

Truman Library Institute, 5151 Troost Ave., Ste. 300, Kansas City, MO 64110

info@TrumanLibraryInstitute.org | 816.400.1220

TRU is published twice a year for members and friends of the Truman Library Institute.

TRUMAN TRAVELERS

FALL 2025

LIBERATION & LEGACY

8-Day Tour of Belgium

HIGHLIGHTS

• Brussels, Ypres and Bastogne

• NATO Headquarters

• Truman Hall, Residence of the U.S. Ambassador to NATO

• Professional tour operator and custom itinerary

• Estimated cost: $5,000, plus airfare and incidentals

ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME EXCURSION

Join friends of the Truman Library Institute for an extraordinary travel opportunity to Belgium. On this 8-day adventure, immerse yourself in history and culture as we explore Flanders Fields in Ypres, the battles of Dunkirk, the Battle of the Bulge in Bastogne, and other WWI and WWII sites. Your custom itinerary includes special access tours at NATO Headquarters and Truman Hall, the residence of the U.S. Ambassador to NATO. To learn more or reserve your place, please contact Morgan Jorgensen at Morgan.Jorgensen@TrumanLibraryInstitute.org.

NEWS BRIEFS

The Truman Library Institute, nonprofit partner of the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum, welcomed three new members to its Board of Directors in September. Elected for three-year terms were Col. Eries L.G. Mentzer, an executive U.S. Air Force veteran with more than 25 years of experience cultivating the highest mission performance through empowered and inclusive teams; Christopher D. Barton, chairman and owner of Community CareLink and a U.S. Marine Corps veteran; and Jeff Kramer, a retired cardiothoracic surgeon with the University of Kansas Health System. These individuals join a distinguished group of corporate leaders, public servants, philanthropists and scholars who share a common commitment to our mission to advance the increasingly relevant global legacy of President Truman. Find the full roster at TrumanLibraryInstitute.org.

Passages

Research Grant Application Deadlines

The Truman Library Institute is now accepting applications for the spring round of grants supporting scholarly research at the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum. Applications for Dissertation Year Fellowships are due February 1, 2025. Up to two $20,000 fellowships will be awarded to graduate students whose work focuses on the Truman era or presidency. April 1 is the deadline for the spring round of Research Grants. The $2,500 grants are intended to offset the cost of conducting research at the Truman Library. For full details, visit the Research Grants page at TrumanLibraryInstitute.org.

TRU Speakers Bureau

Book one of our dynamic speakers to create a captivating and informative program for your next meeting. Trumanrelated themes range from global leadership to baseball, civil rights to the 1948 election, and little-known facts about our nation’s 33rd commander in chief. This is a free service of the Truman Library Institute. To learn more, visit TrumanLibraryInstitute.org/events.

We are saddened by the loss of Richard S. Kirkendall, a historian of the modern United States, who died on August 26, 2024. Dick chaired the Institute’s Research, Scholarship and Academic Affairs Committee from 1997-2008 and served as a member of the Board of Directors from 1973-1981 and 1987-2008. A researcher, teacher and writer on 20th century U.S. history, he published numerous essays and three books on Harry Truman, including The Truman Encyclopedia (1989). Perhaps his most lasting contributions were made through his work mentoring talented and productive doctoral students. When he retired from the Board in 2008, Dick was celebrated by his colleagues for his “outstanding service, generosity and wise counsel.” His contributions across more than six decades helped establish a living legacy of works that continue to illuminate the historical significance of the Truman presidency.

Institute Welcomes New Directors

Col. Eries L.G. Mentzer

Christopher D. Barton Jeff Kramer

by

Photos

Mark McDonald

Photography

AN EVENING WITH THOMAS HOENIG

WINNER OF THE 2024 TRUMAN MEDAL FOR ECONOMIC POLICY

On October 10, 2024, the Truman Library Institute honored Thomas M. Hoenig’s outstanding contributions to the fiscal health of our nation with the 2024 Truman Medal for Economic Policy.

Mr. Hoenig is a Distinguished Senior Fellow at the Mercatus Center. He became a director of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in 2012 and served as vice chairman until 2018. From 1991

to 2011, he served as the eighth chief executive of the Tenth District Federal Reserve Bank in Kansas City, Missouri.

The Truman Medal for Economic Policy was created in 2005 to honor and celebrate the significant impact President Truman had on the American economic system by recognizing individuals who have made extraordinary contributions to the formation of economic policy. Past honorees include Alan Greenspan, Paul Volcker, Alice Rivlin, Janet Yellen and Roger W. Ferguson, Jr.

In this TRU exclusive, we share highlights from Mr. Hoenig’s acceptance remarks—a timely and urgent call to commit ourselves to the requirements demanded by a resilient economy.

“You have to make hard choices. Resilience is absolutely essential if you’re going to have a successful economy—if you’re going to be able to withstand shocks and still go forward.”

TRU: You chose “resilience” for the theme of your acceptance remarks. Can you tell us why?

TH: Resilience is essential to any institution’s long-run success, and I’m about the long run. In the spirit of Harry Truman, I entitled my remarks, “Resilience: It’s a Choice, It’s Not an Entitlement.” You have to make hard choices if you’re going to be able to withstand shocks and still go forward. It requires that you have clear goals for your country, that you have a regimen that takes you towards those goals, and that you have the discipline to stay with that regimen. We don’t always do that as policymakers, and that includes me. When a crisis or an immediate problem surfaces, you want a quick solution, and you’ll use whatever means you think is necessary to find a solution and shorten the pain. But the difficulty is that it’s so successful, you want to keep it in place, and the long-run effects on our economy and on our public—the unintended effects—can be very uneven.

Can you offer an example?

I recently read a Wall Street Journal article that stated that a large majority of people who still cherish the American Dream—a home, job, family, and a decent retirement— feel that it is beyond their grasp today. The data, unfortunately, tends to support that. A recent Federal Reserve survey showed that 10% of households control nearly 70% of household wealth—and that’s up from 60% in 1989. But just as importantly, it showed that the bottom 50% of households control only 2.5%. The Journal, itself, concluded that we’ve come to a time where the well-off— the asset holders—are moving away from everyone else, and that’s unfortunate.

There are many causes for this. There’s not one person or one thing or one group to blame. It’s a combination of things, and I want to talk about two I’ve been involved with. The first is fiscal monetary policy. While we tried to do everything to avoid a crisis, we tended to go too far, with unfortunate effects to the public. For example, in monetary policy we got involved in the massive creation of dollars, new money. We deliberately suppressed interest rates for an extended period of time. But over time, it benefited the speculator and penalized the saver. And then there’s Congress, which intends—or insists—on spending more money than we have in revenue, borrowing the difference and bequeathing to the next generation the burden of that debt.

In 2010, the Federal Reserve—and I was a part of it—engaged in massive printing of money. They did it for a good purpose, but they left the practice in place for an extended period of time. As they did that, we also created the opportunity for greater inflation. In the short run, if you have a crisis, it’s a very important tool because, in a crisis, people freeze up and hoard their money. They withdraw. They become less aggressive. So, putting that money into the market provides liquidity and the ability to restart the economy and shorten the crisis moment. All wonderful. But if you think it does that well for the short run, and you think it can last forever, then you start inviting serious unintended consequences.

Let’s just take the balance sheet of the Fed. Before the first financial crisis in 2007, the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve was $900 billion. Over the next two decades, as we went through the great financial crisis

and then COVID, that balance sheet went to $9 trillion, because if a little bit would help, a lot must help a lot more. One of the effects of that, of course, was that we began to see asset inflation as intended to create wealth. Of course, you only benefit if you hold the assets, and the wealthiest hold the most assets. Real wages and productivity remained relatively dormant through that stimulus, and the effect redistributed wealth even further.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) recently raised the U.S. economic growth forecast. How optimistic are you feeling about the current economy’s resilience?

The economy is still growing at 3%, with unemployment at 4.1%. I’m very pleased with that, and we should celebrate that. But I’m not satisfied with that, because now is the opportunity for policymakers in the United States—whether it’s in Congress or in the Federal Reserve—to look past the moment. Just over the horizon lies a crossroad with many difficult decisions. For instance, one thing that hasn’t been addressed is the national debt. The growth of the national debt

continues unabated, even though inflation is coming down and Congress continues to spend more than it takes in as revenue.

And that makes us more vulnerable.

Let’s think about our national debt for a moment. In 2010, when the Federal Reserve began quantitative easing, the national debt was around $11 trillion to $12 trillion. Today, it exceeds $35 trillion. What really bothers me is we talk about trillions as if they were peanuts. We should be shocked when we think about that kind of growth in our debt. With that, of course, has come further asset inflation.

What about the future? The Congressional Budget Office tells us that if we stay with current laws—not what’s being promised by presidential nominees, but in current laws and current taxes—over the next decade the national debt will be over $50 trillion. But here’s the most important thing: it projects that our real growth rate, the creation of wealth for the entire population, will slow from an average—a modest average, actually—of 2.2% to less than 1.8%. If you think of that in terms of real wealth growth for the American people, it means we are giving up more than a trillion dollars over the next decade for future generations. That’s what we are sacrificing by staying on the current path.

Can we change that path?

Yes. Are we willing to do so? We’d better find out, and we’d better make some hard choices. First of all, Congress has to place its houses in order. A dysfunctional Congress cannot work to the benefit of the American people. It has to bring itself to order. It has to decide that it is going to

“If our leaders roll up their sleeves and get their hands dirty, and we the people support them, then I’m very confident we will have a strong economy and I’m very confident we will have a resilient economy for the next generation.”

better balance our national budget. I don’t mean surplus—I mean, better balance it from where it is today. Yes, in doing that it’s going to have to either cut spending or raise taxes, or something in the middle, through compromise, study and decision-making.

Now, people say, Tom, that can’t be done. Well, let me go back to Truman. When World War II ended, we had debt to our national income of 120%—where it is today. There was conflict among the Fed and the White House and the Congress, but they put the nation first, and as a result the debt to our national income declined from 120% to less than 40%.

That’s not the only case. In the mid-1990s when the national debt started to rise again, a Republican Congress and Democratic administration, who didn’t necessarily like one another, put the country first. Over that period, they passed budgets that reduced the debt to national income systemically for four years, and in the fourth year actually ran a surplus. The most important thing I can tell you about what they accomplished is this: in each of those years the growth in our real national income was 4% or greater— incredible growth rate in a period where you’re managing your budget responsibly. Labor won, and real wages went up. Capital won. The American people won. That’s the kind of thing it takes.

What role does the Federal Reserve play in building a resilient economy?

The mandate of the Federal Reserve is very straightforward: to promote, first of all, maximum employment, stable prices and moderate long-term interest rates. That’s its mandate. What is not in its mandate is

funding the national debt. It’s not there to be the market maker for treasuries. That’s the Treasury’s job, Congress’ job, and the private sector’s job. That’s what bond vigilantes are for. The Federal Reserve’s job is to provide enough money so that our economy can grow at 3% to 4% on an annual basis in real terms, as it did in the mid-1990s, as it was balancing its budget. That’s the goal.

And that brings us back to Harry Truman: it takes leadership.

That’s right. It’s what we can achieve if we decide to do so—if our leadership decides to do so, and if we the people decide to support that leadership. That’s a big requirement on our part. Too often, we the people don’t support efforts to bring our budget and our policy into balance.

I am reminded of a Greek proverb which, in a sense, demonstrates how long these problems have been going on: “Societies grow great when their leaders plant trees in whose shade they know they will never sit.”

If our leaders roll up their sleeves and get their hands dirty, and if we the people support them, then I’m very confident we will have a strong economy—a resilient economy—for the next generation.

The Truman Medal for Economic Policy is jointly sponsored by the Truman Library Institute, the Henry W. Bloch School of Management, University of Missouri–Kansas City, and the Economic Club of Kansas City.

Watch the full award program on our YouTube channel.

INTERNATIONAL SUMMIT HONORS TRUMAN’S WORLD-DEFINING FOREIGN POLICY LEGACY

July 25, 2024, marked the 75th anniversary of President Truman’s proudest achievement.

On that day, he and Dean Acheson signed the Instrument of Accession that made the United States a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

The 2024 NATO Summit, hosted by the U.S. in Washington, D.C., highlighted Truman’s leadership in creating a postwar order that has safeguarded democracy for threequarters of a century.

Opening the Summit, President Biden welcomed America’s allies in the very room where President Truman delivered his historic address celebrating the signing of the treaty. The following day, in a speech given at the NATO Public Forum, Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III referred to the alliance Truman made possible as “one of the greatest success stories the world has ever known.”

The Truman Library Institute was deeply honored to represent President Truman in

Washington, D.C., while serving as one of only a handful of U.S.-based institutional partners for the NATO Public Forum.

At the close of the Summit, the Institute hosted a sold-out event at the National Archives, in partnership with the Center for a New American Security (CNAS). The event—For Freedom and for Peace— featured a star-studded roster of experts in foreign policy, leadership and global security, including Admiral Rob Bauer and General CQ Brown, Jr.

It was an evening of celebration and exploration—celebrating the founding of the strongest military alliance in human history while exploring our best options to ensure peace and security for the next 75 years.

“President Truman…knew the best protection against an uncertain future was to strengthen the partnership of nations who shared a desire for freedom and for peace.”

CLIFTON TRUMAN DANIEL

Grandson of President and Bess Truman

“In Grandpa’s mind, NATO was the natural extension of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan and the United Nations— together, pillars supporting a structure for peace that was our surest protection against the cruel cost of war.”

ADMIRAL ROB BAUER

33rd Chair of NATO’s Military Committee

“Alliances are not just formed by nations. They are formed by people. And even though this great alliance protects one billion people on earth, a single person can still make a monumental difference. That was certainly true in 1949 when President Truman signed the treaty. Truman realized that North American and European security are intrinsically linked. He helped erect a shield that has been the foundation for peace, stability and prosperity on our soil for 75 years.”

GENERAL CQ BROWN, JR.

21st Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

“President Truman…knew the best protection against an uncertain future was to strengthen the partnership of nations who shared a desire for freedom and for peace. …Whether we look back 75 years or ahead 75 years, one thing I know remains true: We are stronger together.”

Watch “For Freedom and for Peace” on our YouTube channel.

LEGACY SOCIETY PROFILE

PLANTING SEEDS FOR THE FUTURE

Karen and Steve Pack share their earliest connections to President Truman and the acts of leadership that helped inspire their life commitments. The Packs’ planned gift to the Truman Library Institute helps to ensure that future generations may learn from Harry Truman’s example, while accessing the rich history and educational resources preserved at the Truman Library. Through their investment, Karen and Steve are helping to foster a deeper understanding of our nation’s past to safeguard our future.

What first connected you to the Truman Library and President Truman’s legacy?

Our connection to the Truman Library starts with President Truman’s profound impact on our families.

Steve’s father, Louis, served in the Navy in World War II. Originally, serving stateside, he volunteered for combat and fought in the Pacific Theater. The Pacific was a horrific war zone. Having fought in WWI, President Truman understood what thousands of soldiers were experiencing. He made the difficult decision to end the war as he did, thereby preventing the additional deaths of tens of thousands of American soldiers. The timing of that decision ensured that the Pack family would grow up with their dad.

After the war, Louis became an active member in the Democratic Party. He made sure to teach his children about President Truman, a man determined to do the right thing. He did so during the war, as a Senator who led investigations into the misconduct of certain defense contractors, and he did so after the war, when he did his best to help his country and western Europe recover from WWII. NATO and the Marshall Plan represent lasting and monumental programs that Truman implemented. He made incredibly difficult decisions based on doing the right thing, rather than what might be politically expedient or popular. These are the lessons the Truman Library will be teaching for years to come.

Karen’s family was also touched by President Truman. During the Second World War, her parents hid for 27 months, barely surviving cold and hunger. Truman knew that millions had already died and pushed hard with America’s Allies to end the war, saving her parents’ lives. Karen’s family lost more than 100 close relatives—parents, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts and cousins. Her own mother was just 88 pounds and very close to starvation.

After World War II, President Truman sent Earl Harrison to investigate the DP (displaced persons) camps in Germany that

were under American supervision. Harrison reported extremely poor living conditions, influencing the president to ensure that these people would receive more food, better healthcare and resettlement opportunities. Most of those living in DP camps were Holocaust survivors, including Karen’s parents and grandmother.

In 1948, Truman signed the Displaced Persons Act that would assist in resettlement, through American visas, to people who had been displaced from their home countries due to WWll. After five years, their application was confirmed, and they were resettled in President’s Truman’s home town. Karen’s parents made clear to their children that President Truman’s leadership had been life-changing for their family.

Putting all his efforts into ending a horrific World War in 1945, he saved both our parents. Passing the Displaced Person’s Act, he gave Karen’s family the opportunity to come to America. In 1948, President Truman recognized the State of Israel, giving a home to surviving members of Karen’s family. Was it his Bible studies, his knowledge of history, his personal war experience, his belief in G-d, or his early rearing which taught him that doing the right thing was never wrong?

Whatever guided President Truman, the role he played in our lives is the definition of a miracle. There is no other way to say it.

When did you first become involved in the Truman Library Institute?

Karen was asked to volunteer for Wild About Harry!, the annual fundraising dinner that supports education at the Truman Library. The more we got involved, the more we understood the importance of the Library to our community, and to our country.

What do you tell others about Truman’s presidential legacy and library?

Telling family and friends about the Truman Library has become one of our frequent conversations. When Karen talks with people, she makes sure to express our gratitude and share the critical role President

Truman played in establishing the State of Israel. Many of Truman’s decisions had a positive, life-changing effect on millions of Americans today. Our students must have the opportunity to learn about them.

How important is the Truman Library’s educational outreach?

Only at the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum can students read from original documents, share and discuss what they are learning, and hopefully be inspired to become the types of citizens President Truman hoped future generations would be.

It’s all about the educational experiences we can provide, and that’s why we feel so passionately about our support. We funded a traveling exhibit on Truman’s decision to recognize the State of Israel—we want the facts of that story to be shared across the United States.

What would you tell others who might be considering a legacy gift?

We hope that others will create traveling exhibits about President Truman’s other major decisions, so that more people will have the opportunity to learn about this man and how he changed the world.

Now, more than ever, it is essential that we pay attention to our history—the people and policies that impacted our country and the world. Truman is the most outstanding president of the 20th century. He did what he believed was right, irrespective of polls, media, public opinion or the political consequences. That kind of leadership is sorely needed today.

Truman was a very quotable character. Do you have a favorite?

One of our favorite Truman quotes is, “It’s amazing what you can accomplish if you don’t care who gets the credit.” No student will know if someone leaves a legacy gift of $5 or $5 million, but it’s up to us to ensure that future generations have the tools to keep our democracy strong.

THE DATE

26TH ANNUAL FUNDRAISING EVENT

THURSDAY, APRIL 24, 2025 MUEHLEBACH TOWER, KANSAS CITY MARRIOTT DOWNTOWN

Save the date for Wild About Harry!—the premier event celebrating and advancing Harry S. Truman’s presidential legacy and library.

Held at the historic Muehlebach Hotel—President Truman’s hometown political headquarters—Wild About Harry! attracts nearly 800 guests annually and features exciting sponsor benefits, a VIP patrons’ party, underwriters’ reception, social hour and open bar, live music, a chef-curated three-course dinner and much more.

Plan now to be part of this WILD-ly popular event. Your support is vital. Each year, funds raised at Wild About Harry! help open the doors to tens of thousands of teachers and students. They are counting on the civics and history programs at the Truman Library, just as America is counting on their service to community and country.

Picturing History

ABOVE: Members

“NO MAIL, LOW MORALE”

The 6888th Central Postal Battalion

Before President Truman signed into law the Women’s Armed Services Integration Act (June 12, 1948), and before he desegregated the U.S. Armed Forces with Executive Order 9981 (July 26, 1948), there was the “Six Triple Eight.”

The 6888th Central Postal Battalion was the sole all-Black battalion in the Women’s Army Corps (WAC) and the only all-Black, all-female battalion sent overseas during World War II.

At the time, mail was piling up for soldiers serving during World War II. The everchanging locations, duty stations, and movements caused a logistical challenge for delivering mail to the troops.

Major Charity Edna Adams commanded the “Six Triple Eight,” which completed its training at Fort Oglethorpe in Georgia. The intense preparation was matched by the hostility they

encountered. “We know why you’re here,” the base commander said, “and I will do nothing to help you prepare to go overseas.”

On February 3, 1945, more than 800 battalion members boarded the SS Ile de France for their 12-day Atlantic crossing. After dodging German U-boats, and a stopover in Glasgow, Scotland, the women arrived in Birmingham, England. Mountains of mail greeted them in warehouses stuffed with a backlog of letters and packages from loved ones back home.

Motivated by their motto, “no mail, low morale,” the 6888th set up three eight-hour shifts, literally processing mail “24-7.”

Army leadership had estimated that it would take at least six months—and more likely a full year—to clear the backlog. The Six Triple Eight did it in three months.

Scan the QR code to read more about the “Six Triple Eight” on our blog. The groundbreaking battalion is the subject of a new Netflix film and will be the focus of our annual Women Rising event in April. Sign up for event alerts at TrumanLibraryInstitute.org.

of the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion take part in a parade ceremony in honor of Joan d’Arc on May 27, 1945.

Major Charity Edna Adams prepares the 6888th for service overseas.

“DON’T LET IT GO TO YOUR HEAD”

DESCENDANTS OF U.S. PRESIDENTS BOND AT TRUMAN MUSEUM

BY VAHE GREGORIAN Kansas City Star Columnist

In certain ways, Clifton Truman Daniel enjoyed a conventional relationship with his grandfather. When he’s asked what great wisdom Harry S. Truman dispensed upon him, he jokingly thinks of scolding terms: “‘Get out of here! Stop running with that. No, no, no, no, finish your dinner or you can’t have a cookie.’”

Truman also wanted to encourage his grandson to get an education—from the time he was about 4. That’s why early one morning his grandfather nabbed Clifton trying to watch TV and instead insisted on reading aloud to him and one of his younger brothers. The text was Thucydides’ “History of the Peloponnesian War,” which to the marvel of Clifton’s mother, Margaret, somehow held the attention of her sons, even with no pictures.

It was almost like his grandfather was

different from other ones, something Clifton didn’t start to grasp until the first day of first grade.

Since his parents “hadn’t gotten around to” telling him Grandpa had been the 33rd president of the United States and all, imagine his surprise when his teacher asked, “Wasn’t your grandfather president?”

A UNIQUE CAMARADERIE

It’s a funny story, to be sure. But it’s also testament to both the blessing and the

burdens of being presidential progeny.

That’s why, Daniel said, Grandpa once said, “Presidents shouldn’t have children. Because those children will spend the rest of their lives with people thinking they ought to live up to their ancestors.”

That helps account for why Daniel’s mother sometimes told people who thought they recognized her that they were wrong.

It’s also why Massee McKinley—remarkably, the descendant of both Republican William

McKinley and Democrat Grover Cleveland— was told at a young age, “Don’t let it go to your head.”

And why Tweed Roosevelt, the greatgrandson of Theodore Roosevelt, went from bristling at being taken to task for breaking the dress code at Harvard to embracing the notion that great responsibility comes with the ancestry—like it or not.

That common consciousness accounts for the unique camaraderie within the relatively recently founded Society of Presidential Descendants, who gathered on Saturday for a tour of the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum in Independence, Missouri.

The group, which earlier in the day visited The National WWI Museum and Memorial,

“Grandpa once said, ‘Presidents shouldn’t have children. Because those children will spend the rest of their lives with people thinking they ought to live up to their ancestors.’”

also was due Sunday at the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Home in Abilene, Kansas.

Their convergence here made for a fascinating scene at the Truman museum, which since its $30 million extreme makeover and reopening in 2021 has morphed from a somewhat disjointed but appealing visit into a sophisticated and mesmerizing must-see.

“It’s so much easier, and there’s so much more of it,” said Daniel, who was 15 when his grandfather died in 1972 and is honorary chair of the Truman Library Institute board. “It’s laid out beautifully. It’s night and day.”

Against that backdrop was a group dynamic that included thoughtful dialogue among role

models for nonpartisan and bipartisan civility in politics, some poignant discussion and some whimsical moments.

For instance, late in the tour, 80-year-old Lynda Johnson Robb, daughter of Lyndon Johnson, saw the image of a bust of her father on Truman’s post-presidency desk and exclaimed, “Daddy!”

“My father really respected President Truman and thought he got a bad deal, that people don’t recognize all the wonderful things that he did,” she said. “And he was absolutely right.”

At one point along the way, a few members playfully asked Ulysses Grant Dietz whether his great-great-grandfather was indeed buried in Grant’s Tomb; in fact, Grant and his wife are not buried there but “entombed” above the ground.

Mid-tour, Daniel told a story about how rarely President Franklin D. Roosevelt had spoken with his then-vice president—Truman had no knowledge of the Manhattan Project’s atomic bombs in the making until hours after he ascended to the presidency when Roosevelt died 82 days into his fourth term.

“‘Your grandfather never told my grandfather a damned thing,’” Daniel remembered once telling Roosevelt’s grandson, David.

So the next morning when he greeted David Roosevelt at breakfast by asking how he was, Roosevelt said, “I’m not going to tell you.”

Until just a few years ago, that sort of kinship among what McKinley called “accidents of birth” was common but not formalized. There was typically upbeat chemistry when they’d happen upon each other, though, enough so that Daniel recalled some joking around

L to R: Massee McKinley (descendant of McKinley and Grover Cleveland), Tweed Roosevelt, Ulysses Grant Dietz, Lynda Johnson Robb, Birch Taylor (descendant of Rutherford B. Hayes), Richard Gatchell (descendant of James Monroe), Clifton Truman Daniel.

“We all have two jobs,” said Daniel. “One is to take care of your ancestor’s legacy, but the second thing is to do something with it on your own.”

‘FAT MAN’ AND SADAKO’S ORIGAMI CRANES

The descendants’ visit made for a powerful lens on a museum brimming with riveting details and artifacts of Truman’s unfathomable rise from Everyman to the most powerful office on Earth—and into one of the most consequential and complicated of presidencies.

Man” atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki just months after Truman had been sworn in on April 12, 1945.

The crane was delivered to the museum in 2015 by Masahiro Sasaki.

The reason why exemplifies what the presidential descendants might most hope to achieve and stand for.

about forming a club.

“We need secret decoder rings,” he said, smiling. “We want a plane and a lair.” They’re still waiting on those.

But after Roosevelt and McKinley met at a White House Historical Association event in 2018, they decided to launch an organization for fellowship with their descendant brothers and sisters and to promote civic engagement and presidential scholarship.

It has some 150 members now, with Johnson and Amy Carter thus far the only children of former presidents to have joined.

For all the fun of it, though, there’s something more to the concept. “We all have two jobs,” said Daniel, a former newspaper feature writer who has written and lectured extensively about the family and has played his grandfather in a one-man show. “One is to take care of your ancestor’s legacy, but the second thing is to do something with it on your own.

“That’s why I went to Hiroshima and Nagasaki (first in 2012). I thought I could make a bit of a difference.”

It aspires to tell the unvarnished truth of how a man propped up by Kansas City’s Pendergast machine became best known for standing on principle and the courage of his convictions, no matter how controversial.

As such, the museum directly broaches the agonizing spectrum of views on dropping the nuclear bombs on Japan in August 1945.

And while that issue in many ways is a focal point of the museum, then-director Kurt Graham reminded the group that there were more than seven years to go in his presidency after that. Truman’s greatest legacy, he said, “was putting the world back together” after the war in what he termed the “innovative part of his presidency.”

The notion is deftly illustrated by a fractured globe at the museum and supported by the momentous years ahead marked by chapters and chapters of pivotal U.S. history: The Fair Deal, the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, the integration of the armed forces, Truman’s recognition of Israel, the Berlin Airlift, the Cold War and the forming of NATO and the United Nations. And so much more.

Still, no aspect of the museum is more moving than the solemn juxtaposition of an origami crane standing for peace in the same display as the safety plug from the “Fat

It was made by Sasaki’s little sister, Sadako, who was 2 years old when Hiroshima was decimated by the first of the two atomic bombs that killed more than 200,000 people by the end of 1945.

By the time she died 10 years later after the sudden onset of radiation-induced leukemia, Sadako had folded some 1,300 paper cranes, hoping it would bring a return to health, as told by legend.

Upon her death, the cranes came to be understood as a cry for peace in the world.

Sadako is immortalized with a statue at the Children’s Peace Monument in Hiroshima that honors her memory and that of the thousands of innocent children who died from the bombing.

And her memory is commemorated here because of her older brother’s relationship with Daniel. When they first met in person at a 2010 ceremony marking an anniversary of the 9/11 attacks, Sasaki’s son, Yuji, took out a tiny paper crane from a box.

Then he put it in the palm of the grandson of the president who authorized the bombing that killed his Aunt Sadako and said, “That’s the last one Sadako folded before she died.”

That’s when the Sasakis asked Daniel’s family to come to Japan, where in 2012

Lynda Johnson Robb, the daughter of Lyndon Johnson, was among presidential descendants touring the Truman Library.

they attended ceremonies, engaged with disarmament activists and listened to testimony from more than two dozen survivors.

A year later, Daniel went back with his son, Wesley, and conducted dozens of interviews of survivors. Those are archived at the museum and many can be accessed by touch screen.

At a news conference during his first visit to Japan, Daniel was asked by a state-run media outlet if he had come to apologize for the unspeakable act still subject to debate over whether it ultimately saved both Japanese and American lives.

He wasn’t there to apologize, though, but to offer empathy and hopes of reconciliation.

“‘We’re here to honor the dead and listen to the living,’” Daniel remembered saying, “‘and to keep this from happening again.’”

THE BUCK STOPS HERE

Members of the Society of Presidential Descendants prefer not to comment on matters concerning any of the living former presidents.

Members touring the Truman Library also didn’t overtly speak to the state of contemporary politics beyond making a few general points.

“We need Harry Truman today,” McKinley said. “More so than ever before.”

Said Roosevelt: “The founders based this country on the idea that we had educated citizens who understood what their roles were. We hear all the time of people carrying on about their rights, but you don’t hear very much that your rights

“The

founders based this country on the idea that we had educated citizens who understood what their roles were. …Rights come with responsibilities.”

come with responsibilities. And those are responsibilities to your fellow citizens. …This country doesn’t work unless people accept their responsibilities.”

Spoken on the resting ground of a man known for just that, as underscored by the sign he kept on the desk in his White House office and now prominently displayed at the museum: “The Buck Stops Here.”

Through the good, the bad and the ugly, and all the shades in between that you’ll see at the museum, Truman’s story remains infinitely compelling and well worth exploring for hours.

Including the chance to ponder how truly improbable his presidency was to begin with.

“I think (Truman’s) greatest accomplishment was showing the rest of us that a farmer, a small businessman, a soldier, can rise to the highest office in the land and do a better job of it than almost anybody else,” Daniel said. “That’s the promise of this democracy, the promise of this country.”

It’s also the reality of what these descendants know better than most: These giants of history also were human, free to stand tall or fall…while also being “Daddy” or “Grandpa” to a precious few who could appreciate the meaning.

From The Kansas City Star. ©2024 McClatchy. All rights reserved. Used under license. Photos by Dean Davison.

Kurt Graham speaks to his distinguished guests about the post-World War II challenges of Truman’s presidency.

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Carla and Richard Westerman

Leslie and Jim Whitaker

Robert M. White

George Whitson

Ralph Widner

James Wilbanks

W B. Willard Jr USA (Ret)

Vickie Williams

SP5 and Mrs. Aubrey Earl Williamson, Jr.

Kathryn Willson

Michael Wilson

W. Patrick Wilson and Jason Geske

Karen E. Winegardner

Annie and Victor Wishna Donor Advised Fund

Diane and Thomas Wolf

Mary Linna and Dick Woods

Bob Wortham

Charles Wright

$500-$999

Rembert C. Alley, Jr.

Grania and George Allport

Judith H. Allseitz

Cathy and Jeffrey Alpert

Kelly L. Anders

Anna Anderson

Jane Andrew

Anonymous

Association of American Railroads

Russell Atha

Stephen Auerbach

Pamela Averso

Kevin Baines

Kenneth M. Baker

Katherine Balek

Alan Balthrop, DTM

Bank of America Matching Gifts Program

Keith W. Bantz

Terri and Thomas Barry

Carrie and Nicholaus Bartlow

Ron Baumgartner

Sara Deubner and Linton T.

Bayless, Jr.

Maurine Beasley

Ann and Ted Beason

Sue McCord-Belzer and Irvin V. Belzer

Merilyn and Loren Berenbom

Kenneth Bergo

Merrill C. Berman

Richard A. Bernstein

Judith Bird

Dennis Birney

BNIM Inc

James Bobbitt

Douglas Bock

Dori and Bradley Boers

Neil Bortz

Judy and Tom Bowser

Charles H. Brackett, III

Roberta D. Harding and William F. Bradley, Jr.

Bobby J. Bragg

Simeon Brinberg

Bruce A. Brown

Janice Brown

Eugene A. Bugatto

William Buie

George Bunting

Kathryn and Gary Bussing

Lynn and John Carlin

Daniel M. Carney

Pamela and William Carpenter

Catherine Carstarphen

Arnold Civins

Daniel Clark

Rogers Coleman

Herbert Conlan

Diane Conneman

Jean and John Conners

Richard Cooper

Martin Cornick

Frank Correa

Roy Corsi

Mario Corti

Denise and Dan Cotton

Hall Crannell

Doris A. Criswell

Daniel and Janet Crumb

Louis and Dorothy Cumonow Foundation

Sharon Cunningham

Tricia and Doug Dalgleish

Jim Daugherty

L to R: Michele and Harvey Kaplan, Alex Burden, Jim Miller and Ursula Terrasi

Catherine Davenport

Dr. Mark and Diane Davidner

Donor Advised Fund

W Kirby Davis, Jr.

R J. De Souza

Philip O. Deitsch

DeLong Family Charitable Foundation

Carol DelVecchio

James W. Deremo

John Devore

Theresa Dicocco

Deane Dierksen

Raimund Douglas

Peggy Dowell

Cheryl and Joseph Downs, Jr.

Cathy and Stephen Doyal

Arthur Drennan

Michael Dubost

William Dufford

Douglas Dunn

Peggy and John Easter

Albert Ehringer

George Elmore

John E. Erffmeyer

Mr. & Mrs. Douglas A. Evans

Ann Fanizzi

Carol Fickett Klapmeier

Paula and Charles Fischbach

Mr. & Mrs.

Mark Fledderman

Sherry and Gary Forsee

Marta Frank

Sybil Frey

Charles Frick

Betty Fryrear

Carolyn and David Fulk

Marilyn Fulton

Kenneth D. Gallegos

Sandra and Gregory Galvin

Lois Garrett

Eleanor Garrison

Mildred Garson

Philip Gasiewicz

William Gaskill

Don Gaylor

Raymond Giornelli

Alan Goldberg

Hildy and Joel Goldman

Sharon Goldstein and Jody Harms

Joseph Gonenc

Sheila Walsh and Gary M. Goodpaster

James A. Goodwin, Jr.

Richard Green

Mark Grossbard

William F. Guillaume

Michele Hacherl

Lisa and Michael Hale

Michiko and Ronald Hall

Nita and Bill Haney

Lisa White Hardwick and Herb

Hardwick

Patty and Steve Hargrave

Terry Harmon

Gerard E. Harper

Arlene Harrison

Bonnie Heimes

Dr. Richard and Julie Hellman

Patricia Herro

M. Alanna Hewins

Betty J. Hill, USAF (Ret)

Gary R. Hobin

Sylvia J. Hofer

Sharon S. Holihan

Karen and Jack Holland

Joe Holt

R David Hoover

Susan and Alex Horowitz

Pascal Hovis

Carl Hughes

Pauline Humphrey

Larry Hungerford

Roger T. Hurwitz

Alda Ingram

Stephanie Guerin and Larry Jacob

Elizabeth Janopaul

Wendy and James Jaquet

Kathy Jaycox

Brian Jodock

Johnson & Johnson

Earlene H. Johnson

James E. Johnson

Niel M. Johnson

James H. Johnston

Merritt Jones

Charles Joss

Beth and George Kapke

David Kaplan

David Kasoff

Rebecca Kaspin

Donna and Ward Katz

William Paulic and Barbara Kay

KCUR 89.3 FM

Martha Kegel

Robert V. Keirans

James P. Kenney

Richard J. Keogh, USA (Ret)

Samuel R. King

Richard A. Kirklin

James Kirsch

Joan E. Klink

Lora Knight

Demetra P. Kristy

John F. Krumwiede

Eleanor Kubeck

Cynthia J. Kupka

Walker Labrunerie

Ruth Lager

Alfred Lama

Ronald Larson

Mary E. Kierl-Latenser and John Latenser

Lucetta Lauber

SungHoon Lee

Joel Leson

Adele B. Levi

Donald Levin

Bill Lewis

William Lewis

Donna M. Locher

Patricia J. Logsdon

Harry Longwell

Sarah and Arthur Ludwick

Kaz Lukowski

John W. Lyle, Jr.

Stephen A. Mac Lean

Leonard Maracle

Carol Markiewicz

John M. Marsden

Robert T. Marshall

Diane and David Marx

Henry and Jackie Massman Fund

Jennifer and John Masters

Sherko Matej

Ed Matheny

George Max

Charlene and Nathaniel Mayer

Mary Mayfield

Elizabeth McCaigue

Gale McCarty

John McConnell

Michael P. McCuskey

Mike McDowell

Anthony McLean

Charles McPherson

Jeanette and Robert McQuitty

Randy Mears

Dillard Menchan

Linda and Rawleigh Mendenhall

Susan J. Metcalf

Sharon Milens

Cynthia Miller

Lois and Jay Miller

Yasuo Miyasato

Mr. & Mrs. Paul E. Moentmann

James E. Moffatt

Beverly Mohart

David Moir

Clifford B. Monkton

Marshall W. Moore

Terry L. Moore

Emily Moreland

Leigh Morris

Gary R. Mudd

Linda Murbach

Amy and Chris Nelson

Marie M. Nester

Hans E. Neville

Gerald H. Newsom

Brenda Nicholls

Ron Nichols

John Nielsen

Theodore M. Nishijo

Marilyn C. Norton

Carla and Danny O’Neill

Caroll V. Oneal

Lisa Osgood

William Owenby

Lorraine Pangle

Lillian and Manuel Pardo

Piper E. Parker

Kevin Paullin

John Pavkovich

Michael Perone

Achilles Perry

Charles Pfeiffer

Pharr

Phelps Industries

Becky Blades and Cary Phillips

Michael Pope

Jean and Don Wagner

Marylou Turner and Don Schultz

James Poythress

Stacy and William Pratt

Alan Rachlin

Peter D. Rebar

William Reid

Royce Richards

Joe Rimstidt

Jacqueline Rine

James A. Robertson

John Robinson

Sidney Robinson

Richard Roeckelein

Charles Romer

Paul Rose

Matthew Rothschild

Roger Roudebush

Joachim Rudoler

Charles Safris

Robert F. Sager

Janice Salter

Francis J. Schafer

Jean Schulz

F Lindsey Scott

Thomas D. Scott

Kingsley Sears

Mr. & Mrs. Ronald J. Seden

Berta Seitz-Cobbs

Paetra and Gino Serra

Joshua Setton

Irena F. Shemkus

Shirley Sher

Richard Sherman

Donald Shortell

Linda Simkin

Joseph C. Simpson

Joseph P. Skowronski

Richard B. Slifka

Barbara A. Smith

Mark C. myron and Debbie Smith

Liliane Smith

Stephen Smith

Carol Speirs

Kimberly J. Spitzig

The Robert W. and Loretta M.

Stacy Charitable Fund

Stahl Family Fund

Ted Staples

Carol Stayton

Esther and Stewart Stein

Dub and Joy Steincross Foundation Fund

Robert Steiner

Joan N. Stern

Frank R. Stockton

Jennie and Dan Stolper

Karl Straub

Gary Stroebel

Wayne Studebaker

Patricia Sylvester

Denise Chamblee and Gary Tanner

Donald R. Taves

Bertina and Claude Thau

Joyce Thompson

Stephen H. Timmons

John Tinsley

William Tomek

Karen and Dan Toughey

Sandy and Ted Tozer

Christopher Tracy

Irving G. Tragen

Charles Treadway

Justin M. Trewolla

Ronald Trotter

Sue and Bert Trucksess

Craig L. Truman

Patrice Truman and Richard Stumpf

Kathryn and Gene Tryon

Philip Tye

Amy Uyechi

Nancy Vang

Thomas J. Venanzi

Paul Verdinella

Karl E. Voigt

Charles Wallis

RoseMarie and Patrick Walsh

John M. Warner

Jerry G. Wartski

Arthur G. Weber

Cynthia C. Weglarz

William A. West

Thelma Wever

Marcia Wherry

Leo J. White

Alan J. Whittaker

Susan and Lewis Wiens

Heather and Matthew Wiley

Kevin and Debbie Wilkerson Fund

Sharon L. Willson

Archie Wingfield, Jr.

James Wise

Stuart C. Witham

Melvyn Wolf

Patty and Thomas J. Wood, III

Muriel S. Woodburn

Carl Woodward

A Yamakawa

John Yerger

Norman J. Young

Joseph F. Yurso

Jean and Bob Zeldin Family Fund

Rudolf Ziesenhenne

Bebe L. Zigman

Patsy C. Zimmerman

Sander Zulauf

$250-$499

Henry Abadi

Frances Abbey

Mr. & Mrs. James R. Ahrenholz

William Albers

Billie Alderman

Don Aldrich

Gladys Aldrich

Robert Allare

Donna Oberstein and Ace Allen

G Steven Allen

Katryn and Kristine Allen

M. Patrick Allen

Roy C. Allen

James E. Anderson

Janice and Rod Anderson

Anonymous (3)

Ann and Matt Anthony

Justine Arnold

Barbara and Richard Atlas

Charlotte Avett

Richard Baccari

Rona Backstrom

Reynold Badman

Robert G. Bailey

John S. Baird

Richard O. Baish

R Edward Ballard

John Balmer

Bella Barany

Michael Barish

Carol and Tom Barnett Foundation

David Barnhart

Mark and Tamara Barnhart

Irving Barrett

Joseph Barrett

Peter R. Bartlett

Ogden Bass

Charles Bata

Robert Baum

Cynthia Beale

Susan and James Beanland

Walter J. Bell

Robert J. Benedetti

June Benenson

Kathy Benich

Mr. & Mrs. James Beres

Rongner Bergmark

Brian A. Berkey

Dr. & Mrs. Steven J. Berlin

David E. Berry

Nancy J. Berthold

B L. Bickham

J Truman Bidwell, Jr.

Louis Bisso

Brian Blades

Janet Blair

Janet Blanchard

Richard Blanken

Madelon Blavatnik

John Bleecker

David Blomstrom

Brian P. Bolis

Elizabeth Bollmann

Jo Ann Bolton

Carol Born

James Borza

Robert P. Boswell

Charles W. Bowman

Robert A. Bozzani

Marjorie Bradley

Pamela Bradley

Pam and Mark Brandsted

Brian Brannon

Kathy and Dan Brant

Harriet and Patrick Brazil

Pegge and James Breneman

John Brennan

Keith Brewington

Stevi and Jeff Brick

L to R: Dr. John and Mary Hunkeler, Isabela Kramer and Dr. Jeff Kramer

Michael D. Bromley

David H. Bromwich

James Brown

Stanton T. Brown, II

Kathleen Bruner

Thomas B. Buckley

Barbara Cohen Benjamin

Martin D. Cohen

Susan and Douglas Cohen

Myra Coleman

Mr. & Mrs. Ronald H. Conard

Dee Contreras

Barbara Budny

Mary Hininger and George E.

Bukaty

Joseph R. Burns

Courtney Burroughs

Shirley Busch

Brenda Butts

Nancy Buwen

Robert A. Byrne

Barbara F. Caine

John Calman

Fred A. Camacho

Louis J. Caplan

Susan Capps

Robin and William Carr

Humberto S. Carrillo

Maureen M. Carroll

Elton Carter

Gary Cartright

Jan and Duane Casner

James Caya

Central Properties

Ronald Chance

Charles M. Chapin

John Cherry

Barbara Chilcutt

Wolfgang Choyke

Nancy Christmas

William Christopher

Henry Cisneros

James F. Clark

Karen and Tracy Cleaver

Gloria Clinton

John T. Cody

James Coffin

Mary K. Conwell

Nancy Cooper

Errol Copilevitz

Corbin Bronze

Jack Corn

Michael Coscia

John Costa

Paul Cota

Steven Cotten

George H. Coulthard

Carolyn and Garris Covington

Carol and John Cowden

Stewart Cramer

Suzanne Crandall

Edward Crapo

Katherine Cravens

Donald L. Crosby

Rose M. Crosswhite

Thomas Crouse

John Crumpton

Daniel Culbertson

M. Elizabeth Culbreth

Noel Culler

Nathan A. Cummings

Roosevelt Cummings

Daniel B. Curtis

Janet and Thomas Curtis

Dennis Cutler

Harry Cylinder

Elizabeth A. D’Andrea

Anthony D’Anza

Patricia and Don Dagenais

Curtis W. Dahlke

William Daly

Dan and Barbara Weary Fund

Richard S. Dana

Roy C. Davidson

Nancy B. Davis

Paul J. Davis, M.D.

Robert Davis

Eric Gans

William S. Deans

Deborah Dee

Dora C. DeGeorge

Robert Degraer

Gabrielle and Lori Deimeke

Joan and Richard DeLon

Manuel Desourdy

Eugene Diamond

Dorothy Dillemuth

Stephen Dinatale

James Dobbins

Evelyn Dolven

Joseph Downs

Anita S. Doyle

Clara Duczeminski

Naomi Duffy

Vincent Dugan

Gary Duncan

William Durall

Tom Dye

Velma Dysart

David W. Eaton

Tony L. Eberwein

Stephen Edelmann

Billie Edwards

Creighton L. Edwards MD

Egan Family Charitable Fund

Jennie and Tom Egan Giving Fund

John Ehrke

Brian Ellison

Philip A. Elson

Deborah and Earl Engelbrecht

Odell England

Edward Epstein

Fran L. Erlitz

Donna Esch

Hilda S. Eshleman

Lillian Essex

Sarah and Mark Eubank

Violet Ewing

Ralph Fallon

Charles Farnsworth

Ellen Farrior

John Fay

Ronald Feenstra

V Joy Fehrenz

Gwen Feit

Robert L. Fenning

Lynn Ferguson

William H. Ferguson

Debra and James Filby

Nikola Filby

Charles R. Fisher

Richard A. Fiske

Michael G. Fligg

Karin and James Flynn

Phyllis L. Fohs

David Foltz

James Foreman

Owen Frances

Stanley Frankel

Thelma Franklin

Richard Frazier

John R. Frederick

Kim Frederick

Kari Frederickson

Wayne K. Freeland

Ruby Freeman

Kay Friend

Robert Fry

Edward T. Fukunaga

Susie and Dave Gale

Anne and Cliff Gall

Dennis J. Gallagher

J M. Galloway

Michael Garrity

Patricia Gartner

Rebecca Gates

Claire Geller-Kolchetski

Alvan Gendein

Robert W. Gerlach

Frank Giglio

Charles Gilbert

John Gilbert

Dane Gillette

Smith Gilley

Jack Gilliland

Charles Giovannini

Florence Glazer

Elizabeth R. Gleason

Maria Gloria

Calvin Goeders

Benjamin Goldberger

Eunice Goldgrabe

Roslyn Goldstein

Norman Golob

Bruce Gordon

Rena L. Goss

Charles Grandy

Fred Grant

Irvin Grant

Monica G. Grant

Francis Graugnard

Jon Gravestock

L to R: Clyde and Katie Wendel, Ambassador John Astrada, Alex Burden and Stacia Stelk

Merle R. Green Jr. USAF (Ret)

Richard A. Green

David L. Greer

Jean C. Greer

William Greiwe

Ronald Grelsamer

Karen Grenawalt

Beth Grindell

Thomas J. Gross

June Ground

Freeman S. Grout

Sally Groves and Bob Firnhaber

Florida Groyon-Cagulada

Elaine Gunderson

Lorraine Gunter

Henry Gwiazda

Richard L. Hackler

Elizabeth H. Hackman

Norman E. Haessly, Jr.

Elizabeth Hagen

Richard A. Hall

Paula and Casey Halsey

Kenneth Hamblett

Marnie Hammer and John Flaherty

Donald L. Hammond, USA (Ret)

Sung and Won Min Han

Donald Hanchon

J Dean Hane

J Daniel Hanks, Jr.

Kay and Charles Harbert

Mike Harper

Jeff Harring

Chad E. Harris

Oliver J. Hart, Jr.

John B. Haseltine

Charles Hassell

Marlys and Michael Haverty

Kerry S. Havner, Ph.D.

Bruce Hawtin

Christina Hayes

Francis A. Hayman

Tyrone Haymore

Nancy and Larry Haynes

Sarah and Fred Hays

Sharon Hazen

Mike Heafner

Philip Heagney and Barbara Prosser

Doris L. Heaton

Jack Heil

Paul Heiman

Mary Ann Heiss and Clarence Wunderlin

Stephanie Heller

Mr. & Mrs. Geroge T. Helm

Jon Hendershott

Donna A. Henry

Joyce and Jim Hess

Donna J. Hetland

Roger D. Hickman

Catherine and Joseph Hiersteiner

Stephanie and Michael Hill

Judith A. Hiller

Tom Hingst

Allan Hins

Gerald and Patricia Hipp Family Foundation

Mrs. Roland F. Hirsch

Irma Lou and William Hirsch

Joy and Mike Hobick

Jean and Larry Hodson

Cynthia and Thomas Hoenig

Brenda Hofmann

Edward Holmes

Daisy Holt

Mr. & Mrs. Dale Huston

Mark A. Hyland

Lowell V. Ibach

Rory and Billy Ibarra

Harold M. Ickes

Robert K. Ihsen

Edward G. Imperatore

Karl and Meredith Inderfurth

Ruby H. Ingold

Mary Ellen Irons

John Ittes

Lana Jackson

Robert B. Jackson

Winnie W. Jackson

Akieva Jacobs

Walter Jaehnig

Marguerite Jarchow

Leland Jarvis

Tony Jaston

George L. Jefferson, Jr.

Walter V. Holt

Jerry Holtrey

Dr. & Mrs. Elmer J. Holzinger

Ronald Hongo

Herbert J. Hoppe Jr

Horn Family Fund

Margo Horner

Marilynn Hoskinson

Ruth B. Howard

Wendall Howard

Archibald R. Hoxton III

Ann Hradsky

Karl Hritz

Alan J. Huet

Shirley Huffman

Andy Hughes

Catherine and Gary Hughes

Mollie Huitema

Diane Humphrey

Don Huseby

Loretta Jeglinski

John Jemmott

Anthony S. Jenkins

Vivien Jennings and Roger Doeren

Jeffrey Jens

Wanda L. Jepsen

Thisbe Jerome

Joyce Job

David Johnson

Sheila Johnson

Steven Johnson

Mr. & Mrs. Theodore H. Johnson

John C. Johnston

Bruce Jolly

A. E. Jones

Donald Jones

Joyce Jones Meyer

Ramon W. Jones

David Jordan

Hawtin Jorgensen

Arthur Jutton

Andrew Kagan

Carolyn Quadarella and Paul Kallina

Mike and Victoria Kanaley

Charitable Fund

Gary Kane

Roland Kankey

Robert L. Kariger

Raymond Karnes

Stewart Kasen

Ron Kaufman

R. Crosby Kemper, III

Wayne T. Kennedy

Arthur L. Kent

Katherine and John Kerr

Catherine Kerwin

Thelda Kestenbaum

Lee F. Kichen

Wayne Kidwell

Barry King

Deborah King

Audrey Kirchner

Julie Neemeyer and Drew Kloeppel

Thomas G. Knierim

Adele Koci

Phillip Korb

Sharon Kornas

Regina and Bill Kort

Polly and Jeff Kramer

Susan and Richard Kraner

Eric M. Kratty

Keith K. Kreft

Gayle and Bruce Krigel

Jordan H. Krugel

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Kubinski

Lynda L. Kuehn

Paul Kuhn

Benjamin J. Kulper

Cynthia and Harold Kunkel

Virginia J. Laas

John Lagestee

Frederic Lane

Edward Larson

Harold A. Lavalley

Thomas G. Lawler

Richard League

Dianne Leahy

Patricia A. Leahy

Natalie Joanne and Carl Leaman

Denise and James LeBow

John G. Leckie

Jack A. Lecuyer

Robert Leland

Pierre Lemieux

L to R: Ursula Terrasi, Marlys and Mike Haverty

Barton Levine

Joan and Stanley Levy

Audrey Lewak

John Lewis

Marvin Lewis

Tom R. Lewis

Gerald Liang

Beverly and Herb Liberman

Terry and Stephen Lightstone

Lilly U.S. Matching Gifts Program

Jim Limbacher

Marigold Linton

Marvin Liss

Lisa and Jack Littrell

Tom Lively

Jane Llewellyn

Joseph Loffredo

Roberta Lonoff and Kenneth G.

Lonoff

Sondra Lord

Donald P. Lorentz

Mary Luke

Phillip Lund

Gilbert Lynch

Robert E. Lynn, Jr.

Carol Magno

Alfred Makino

George Mallers

Michael Mancini

Joseph Mansfield

James Marker

Philip Martin

William K. Martz

Theodore Maynard

Wallace Mays

Daniel L. Mc Kinney

David McCarty

Betty McCord

Maggie McCoy

William J. McCue

James McDermott

James McDonald

Sidney J. McDuff

Michael McEntire

Patrick McGuire

Elizabeth McKee

Pat McLaughlan

Bonnie and Michael McMullen

Charles E. McNeill

William McReynolds

Mr. Merrill Megquier

Richard Meidinger

Martin Meier

Dorothy L. Melone

Loretta and Thomas Mentzer

George Michael

William F. Michie

Stan Mick

Berton C. Middleton

Robert Milich

Eleanor Miller

Guy Miller

Jack D. Miller

Jacob L. Miller, Jr.

Joseph Miller

Marie Miller

Patricia E. Miller

Marilyn Miracle

Adolph Molina

Andrew Mopper

Kenneth R. Morris

Joseph F. Morrissette

Rudolf Mortimer

Thomas Morton

Perry Moskovitz

Patricia Moulton

Joan L. Munn

Judith H. Murphy

June Murray

Kate Murray

Richard Mynark

Thomas Nadratowski

Richard Nagle

Gwen and James Neary

Thomas Nedbal

Gary New

Barry Newman

Susan and John Newsam

Aubrey A. Nichols

Van K. Nield

Barbara and Gary Noble

Marianne and Steve Noll

John R. Norris

Trusse Norris

Harry S. Nungesser

John P. O’Brien Jr

Dennis Oconnell

Grace Odowd

Denise Offutt

Helen Ogura

Audrey and Jerry Olson

Patricia E. Oltman

Warren Orloff

Mike Ormsby

Lynne Osborne

Walter Ostromecki

Raymond Paciorek

Phil Parish

Charles M. Parker

David Parker

Pascale and Jason Parker

Patricia A. Parkin

Roshann Parris and Jeff Dobbs

Robert H. Parrish

Carolyn Patrick

George Patrick

Judith Tope and John W. Patterson

Douglas G. Paul

Sanjay Paul

Margaret H. and W. Keith Pence

Albert A. Penna

Doris Pens

Wally Pereyra

Steven M. Pesner

Peter Petek, III

Barry Petersen

Jack M. Petersen

Heriberto Petschek

Virginia A. Pfeifer

Steven B. Pfeiffer

Patricia Phillips

Virginia Phillips

George Piper

Janet and Kevin Pistilli

Mrs. Mary Pitcher

Nellie Pruitt

John Puckett

Beth A. Puls

Diane Quinn

John Quinn

William Rainen

Shirley F. Randolph

Harold Rasp

Asa Ratliff

Ann and B. John Readey, III

DeAnne Redman

Suzanne Reed

Susan Reese

Carolmaria Rehhausser

Jack P. Reid

Linda M. Reiff

Carolyn and Bob Reintjes

Greg Reiss

Anita Reith

John D. Rempe

Thomas B. Reth

Noreen and David Revier

Maurice Rhine

Susann Riffe

Don Ring

Brenda Pittler

Christa Pohlmann

Joyce Pollock

Thomas H. Pope, III

Matthew Poplawski

Drs. Susan and Charles Porter

George Porter

Sally Porter

Michael J. Portmann

Diane and John Power

Richard Powers

Ellen and Steven Pozzi

Lois Price

Melina Price

Sandra Price

Cindy and John Pritchard

Nadine Ripley

David Risinger

Richard W. Rizzi

Barbara Roberts

Lydia Robeson

Lance E. Robson

Mauro C. Romita

Steven D. Root

David Ropchan

Halaine Rose

David B. Rosen

Arthur Rosenbaum, M.D.

Harry Rosenberg

Michael B. Rosenwasser

Albert Roth

Harvey Roth

L to R: Colby Oberbroeckling, Damian Lair, John Schuppan

Barbara Rothenberger

David Royce

Tamara T. Royle

Gerald Rubel

Lisa and James Rupert

Marlene and Bill Rushay

Howard G. Russell, Jr.

Allen Ryan

Toby and Michael L. Salter

Barbara and Stanley Salva

Maureen and Sanford Salz

Richard M. Sandler

John Santarlas

Hugh Sargent

Keith Saunders

James Savage

Robert L. Schapp, Jr.

Carol Scharff

Susanne and J. Thomas Schieffer

Marilyn and Paul Schilling

Mary and Richard Schindler

Mr. and Mrs. Michael J. Schingle

Rufus V. Schmidt

Dr. & Mrs. Bill Schneider

Lee Ann Williams and Brent Lee Schondelmeyer

Dr. Joyce M. Koenig and Dr. Kenneth O. Schowengerdt

Jean Schulze

William C. Schumann

Ann Schuster

Charles Schuster

Robert Schuster

Donna Schwien

John Schwieters

James K. Scoble

Barbara G. Scott

James Sears

Karen and Lawrence Sebby

Dale Rosen and Terry Segal

Eugene M. Sellers

Erik H. Serr

Helen L. Settle

James Shadle

Doris H. Shanks

John S. Shannon

George Shardlow

Mr. & Mrs. Douglas Shaw

Henry Shaw

Ralph L. Shepard

Richard Sherratt

Richard T. Shigley, USMC (Ret)

Al Short

Barbara and Michael Siegelman

Joan Siflinger

Michael Sikes

Joseph Silverberg

Sher Singh

Marilyn and Leonard Sirotzki

Richard B. Slifka

Susan Smerd

Darrell Smith

Elaine Smith

Anthony Smyth

A Eugene Snyder

Ivan Snyder

Shirley Solomon

John Sopuch

Nancy and John Spangler

Carl L. Sparks

Boris J. Speroff

Mary Springer

Theodore Stafford

Margaret Stanard

Gary L. Stansbery

Michael P. Starcevich

Mina and Lance Steen

Stewart and Esther Stein Family

Fund

Lewis Stewart

Houston H. Stokes PhD Usnr

Mr. & Mrs. Brian K. Stompe

Irene Stone

Audrey Stott

Michael Strickland

Donald Stuart

Joan Stuart

Robert Sturtz

Aleta Styers

William Suchman

Dinah and Ralph Sudholt

Elizabeth Susanka

Dr & Mrs Elmer G. Swartzmeyer

Don Swonger

Jim Sylwester

Edward J. Talen

Irwin Tamura

Janet and Gary Taylor

Janice Taylor

Glen Teichert

Catherine Terry

Sam Tessitore

Glen Thiel

Dawn Thielo

Harriet Thomas

Lori and Kent Thomas

Dennis E. Thompson

Allen Thurman

Robert Tiefenbacher

Marcia and Dennis Tighe

Evelyn and Lowell Tilzer

Robert Todd

Sheila S. Todd

Billie W. Tom

Mr. & Mrs. Walter Tonitto

Kelly Townsend

W H. Tracy

James Walker

Trace Walker

Carol Curtis and Edward Wallace

Margo Wallace Richman and Jerome Richman

Jack H. Walston

Donald J. Trawicki

John Trubisz

Jo Truran

Judy and William Tucker

Paul E. Tukesbrey

Sigmar Tullmann

Katherine Turner

U.S. Bank Foundation

UBS Foundation USA Matching Gift Program

Lewis G. Ullery

John Underwood

Trish and LeRoy Unruh

Richard D. Urell

Sandy Valerio

Daniel van Blaricom

Shaun C. Van Doren

Robin Van Liew

Robert L. Van Nice Jr USNR (Ret)

Mildred Van Pelt

Ronald T. Vance

M J. Vehaun

Mr. & Mrs. Paul A. Vehling

Keith Vesely

Kathryn Vetter

Arthur J. Vinette

Allen R. Vogt

Raymond F. Vogt

Richard Voigt

Eugene J. Voiland

Ronnie Volkening

Elaine Wagner

Louis Wagner, Jr.

Joan and William O. Wagnon, Jr.

Victor S. Wahby

Martha J. Waits

Glenn Watt

Wanda Waybright

Wallace N. Weber

Gerhard L. Weinberg

Michael Weiser

Ms. Hollis Weishar and Mr. Gregory S. Weishar

Nelson Weller

Clifford G. Wells

Barbara Wertman

Sharon Weter

William Whaley

Marion J. White

Elizabeth W. Ehinger and Thomas W. White

Janet Whitman-Bradley

Caroline and Bill Wilkins

Clarice Williams

David Williams

James J. Williams

Karen and Joe Williams

Patricia Williams

John M. Wilson

Gilbert J. Wise

Robert Wolf

Linda and Dwight Wolfe

Arthur Wolover

Nancy L. Wolpe

Carol and Thomas Wood

Stephan Wright

William T. Wright

Mary Wurtz and Robert Thompson

Arthur F. Wyman

Maggie Yake

George A. Yankura

Anita Yates

L to R: Board Chair Madeleine McDonough, Cyd Slayton, Mary Abram, Susie Gale

Chan Yoon

Bonnie S. Youngdahl

Betty Zander

William Zavarello

Anne Zawodniak

Bernadette Zelop

Beth and Karl Zobrist

Cindy and David Zwick

MEMORIAL GIFTS HONORING

Harold G. Austin

Edwin A. Austin

Karen J. Ball

Charlotte Kemper Black and Chris Black

Monica and Stephen Jennings

Marny and John Sherman

David J. Von Drehle

Robert M. Beren

The Robert M. Beren Foundation

Harvey S. Bodker

Barbara and Richard Atlas

John and Jennifer Isenberg

Mary Shaw Branton

Mary Reed

Herschel Briles

Robert Shelby

Mary E. Choquette

Carl Choquette

Erwine J. Fickett

Carol Fickett Klapmeier

Thomas E. Gambrino

Janet Gambrino

Lois Goldberg

Lawrence Goldberg

Charles E. Hall

Carolyn and Tom Mason

Tony Homan

Jim Homan

John J. Howe

Dixie L. Howe

Ruth and Hartley Huntsman

Carolyn and Garris Covington

Dick Kirkendall

Lisa A. Sullivan

Dr. George Liss

Sandy and Elliot Liss

Stewart and Bernice Malquist

Jack B. Connor

Monte R. Mitchell

Gary L. Picou

Mark Odum

Daniel Downing

Patrick J. Ottensmeyer

Association of American Railroads

Bonnie and Herb Buchbinder

Stacia Stelk and Alex Burden

Lydia Burnett

Corbin Bronze

Duration Capital Partners

Gary D. Forsee

Shirley and Gene Goode

Marlys and Michael Haverty

Cindy Isabel

Morgan and Stuart Jorgensen

Patricia A. Mannering

Jennifer and John Masters

Joan McAllister

Jean and Thomas McDonnell

Sue and Lewis Nerman

Laura O’Brien and David Albrecht

Karen and Steven Pack

Cassie and Brett Pikarsky

Kim and Tom Rausch

Pattie and Kevin Robertson

Jason H. Seidl

Kimberly L. Shultz

Nicole and Justin Stuke

Lisa A. Sullivan

Janet S. Thresher

UMB Bank, N.A.

Arthur F. Peterson

Lynette V. Peterson

John B. Ross

Lisa Alberghini

Kerry Waldrep

Robert W. Stacy

The Robert W. and Loretta M.

Stacy Charitable Fund

Harry S. Truman

Anonymous

Peter R. Bartlett

Lee Campbell

Madeleine K. Jordache

The Humanist Fund

Melinda and Jason Malott

Agnes Smith Pavelko

Richard D. Truman

Holly R. Zane

Morris Warner

John W. Munce

Jean and John Waldron and Pete Caulfield

John J. Waldron

Dr. Benedict Zobrist

Tom Richter

TRIBUTE GIFTS HONORING

Merilyn and Loren Berenbom

Carol and Tom Barnett

Crystal and Howard Ellis

Bethe and Gary Growe

Scott and Susan Krigel

Barbara and Allen Lefko

Robert A. Lieberman

Roshann Parris and Jeff Dobbs

Annie and Victor Wishna

Neil Hecht

Charlene and Nathaniel Mayer

Paul R. Keeling

Ann Keeling

Jan and Tom Kreamer

Carol and John Cowden

William Rainen

Donna LaGesse

Robert LaGesse

James Porter

Deborah L. Grubbe

Sidney Rubin

Sharon Fisher

Violet Smith

April Tritto

Kristin Stephen

Alison Barnes Martin

Anne and Cliff Gall

Gerald Thomas

Steve Thomas

David J. Von Drehle

Jacqueline and Robert Epsten Foundation

GIFTS IN KIND

Alex Abramovitz

Alpine Litho-Graphics

Design Ranch

Encore

IN Kansas City Magazine

Kansas City Marriott Downtown

Mark McDonald Photography

The Party Patch

Trapp and Company

United Airlines

For a complete list of FY2024 contributors, please visit TrumanLibraryInstitute.org/Donors.

We apologize for any errors or omissions. Please send corrections to Kim.Rausch@TrumanLibraryInstitute.org.

L to R: Dr. Michael and Jamila Weaver, Betsy and Tim Triplett

L to R: Mary and Jim Stilley, Bridget McCandless

IN THE GALLERIES

Currently on View at the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum

ARTISTIC VIEWS OF THE TRUMAN HOME

On Special Exhibit through December 31, 2024

Artistic Views of the Truman Home features more than 50 photographs, a stunning scale model, and more than a dozen artistic renderings of the beloved Truman family home in Independence, Missouri. Harry and Bess called 219 North Delaware home for 53 years, from their marriage in 1919 until the president’s death in 1972. The prominent Victorian residence has long been a source of inspiration for artists, including the wife of Clifton Truman Daniel. Polly Daniel’s Four Seasons at the Truman Home are included in this special exhibition.

OFFICIAL INAUGURAL MEDALS

On Special Exhibit through January 31, 2025

Presidential inaugurations are a time of national celebration, and it’s no surprise that Americans have always sought to acquire souvenirs of the occasion. Over the years, a wide variety of mementos have commemorated the inauguration. However, since the second inauguration of William McKinley in 1901, one collector’s item stands out for its recurring appeal—the Official Inaugural Medal. Now, at the Truman Library, visitors can view 33 official inaugural medals, from William McKinley (1901) to Joseph Biden (2021). The companion book, featured on the Coin World podcast “Hail to the Chief,” is on sale in the Museum Store, while they last.

UPSET! HARRY TRUMAN AND THE 1948 ELECTION

On Special Exhibit through February 1, 2025

A new Truman Library exhibition recalls the biggest political upset in U.S. history. Promising Americans a “Fair Deal” while campaigning against a “donothing Congress,” Truman changed the nation’s tune—from mild to wild about Harry. Step back in time to explore how he defied the pollsters, pundits and newspapers. The exhibit includes more than 200 artifacts, original political cartoons, interactive displays, diary entries, photographs and historic film footage.

Plan your visit at TrumanLibraryInstitute.org.

A WORD FROM HARRY

A PLAIN-SPEAKING PRESIDENT’S SPEECHES, ADDRESSES AND LETTERS

Annual Message to Congress on the State of the Union

AS PRESIDENT TRUMAN MADE a last round of edits to his 5,130-word State of the Union address—delivered in person on January 4, 1950—tensions between the U.S. and Soviet Union were escalating.

The previous fall, Truman had announced to the American people that the Soviets had detonated a nuclear weapon. Now there were rumors that another test was imminent.

Writing in his diary a few weeks earlier, President Truman referred to the “jittery situation” facing the country. “Attlee, Formosa, Communist China, Chaing Kai-Sheck, Japan, Germany, France India, etc. I have worked for peace for five years and six months and it looks like World War III is near. I hope not—but we must meet whatever comes—and we will.”

ABOVE LEFT: U.S. headlines on Sept. 24, 1949, after President Truman announced that the USSR had conducted its first nuclear weapons test

ABOVE RIGHT: The first Soviet atomic test, August 29, 1949

RIGHT: President Truman delivers his State of the Union address to a joint session of the 81st U.S. Congress.

January 4, 1950

Mr. President, Mr. Speaker, Members of the Congress:

The first half of this century will be known as the most turbulent and eventful period in recorded history. The swift pace of events promises to make the next 50 years decisive in the history of man on this planet. …

Among all the great changes that have occurred in the last 50 years, none is more important than the change in the position of the United States in world affairs. …Our tremendous strength has brought with it tremendous responsibilities. We have moved from the outer edge to the center of world affairs. Other nations look to us for a wise exercise of our economic and military strength, and for vigorous support of the ideals of representative government and a free society. We will not fail them. …

Our objective in the world is peace. …We know now that this is not an easy task, or a short one. But we are determined to see it through…because we know that our own security and the future of mankind are at stake. …

Our success in working with other nations to achieve peace depends largely on what we do at home. …Our surest guide in the days that lie ahead will be the spirit in which this great Republic was rounded. We must make our decisions in the conviction that all men are created equal, that they are equally entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and that the duty of government is to serve these ends. …

At every point in our history, these ideals have served to correct our failures and shortcomings, to spur us on to greater efforts, and to keep clearly before us the primary purpose of our existence as a nation. They have enshrined for us, a principle of government, the moral imperative to do justice, and the divine command to men to love one another.

These principles give meaning to all that we do. …

As we move forward into the second half of the 20th century, we must always bear in mind the central purpose of our national life. …We work for a better life for all, so that all men may put to good use the great gifts with which they have been endowed by their Creator. We seek to establish those material conditions of life in which, without exception, men may live in dignity, perform useful work, serve their communities, and worship God as they see fit.

These may seem simple goals, but they are not little ones. They are worth a great deal more than all the empires and conquests of history, [and they are] achieved by…a spirit of self-restraint in our dealings with one another, and by a deep devotion to the principles of justice and equality.

Excerpted from President Truman’s Annual Message to Congress, delivered at 1 p.m. and broadcast over radio and television.

LISTEN TO THE HISTORIC SOUND RECORDING

John Bass, Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, explores an interactive exhibit on the Marshall Plan during a tour and community listening session at the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library & Museum, hosted by the Truman Library Institute.

EXPLORE YOUR MUSEUM

$12 General Admission; Members free Museum Store: Member discounts; no admission charge Plan your visit at TrumanLibraryInstitute.org