Define 'distillation'
what is distillation used for?
What is the energy transfer in a generator ?
What is the energy transfer in a photovoltaic solar cell ?
Name this group: These are microscopic single-celled organisms. Some like Amoeba have features like an animals cell, while others, like Chlorella are more like plants
Name this group: These are really small particles that are parasitic and can only reproduce inside living cells 182
181
Define 'endothermic change'
is ΔH positive or negative during an endothermic change?
What is measured in degrees Celsius (ÂşC)? What is measured in joules (J)? What is the name given to a biological substance that can be harmful to humans ?
Define 'population'
183
184
Define 'evaporation'
Define 'exothermic change'
What is measured in Kelvin (K)?
What is measured in kilograms (kg)?
Define 'community'
Define 'habitat' 185
is ΔH positive or negative in a reaction that gives out heat? 3
186
Define 'filtration'
What is measured in metres (m)?
3
What is measured in kilograms/metre (kg/m )?
Define 'ecosystem' 187
The simplest way of showing the feeding relationships within an ecosystem is with a _______________ ? 188
Define 'fractional distillation' 2
what is fractional distillation used for? 2
3
3
What is measured in metre (m )?
What is measured in metre (m )?
In a food chain, does the arrow point to the organism which is being eaten or the organism which is eating ?
The different stages in a food chain are called __________ ?
189
190
Define 'indicator'
name four indicators used on this course
What is measured in metres/seconds (m/s)?
What is the relationship between density, mass and volume?
In a food chain, in which trophic level are plants ? 191
In a food chain, in which trophic levels are animals which eat grass ? 192
Define 'kinetic theory'
Define 'melting point'
What is the formula of density in symbols?
What is the relationship between pressure, force and area?
In a food chain, in which trophic level are animals that eat primary consumers ?
What is 'biomass' ?
193
is melting point the same as freezing point?
194
what can be said about the melting point of a pure substance?
What is the formula of pressure in symbols? What is density? What is meant by a 'pyramid of numbers' 195
What is meant by a 'pyramid of biomass' 196
Define 'mixture'
Define 'reaction rate'
What is the formula of density?
How can the density of a regular shaped object be found?
Approximately, how much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next ?
What function do 'decomposers' do in an ecosystem
197
198
name the factors that effect the rate of reaction
Define 'reversible reaction'
How can the volume of an irregular shaped object be found?
What is i) the Pressure symbol? ii) the Pressure unit in words? iii) the Pressure unit in symbols?
In what 'cycle' are there stages of respiration, photosynthesis, decomposition and combustion ?
What pollutant combines with rainwater to form acid rain ? 199
200
Define 'equilibrium'
What colour does litmus turn to in acid?
How many pascals are there when there is a force of one newton per square metre?
What are the factors affecting pressure?
Explain how a blanket of greenhouses gases may cause global warming
Apart from water vapour, name the four other greenhouse gases from the Edexcel specification
202 201
What colour is litmus in neutral solutions?
What colour is litmus in alkalis?
What is the absolute zero of temperature in Celsius?
What does the Particle Theory say?
which human activity is the main contributor to the level of CO2 in the atmosphere ?
What is 'eutrophication' ? 204 203
What colour is pheolphthalein in acid?
What colour is pheolphthalein in neutral solutions?
What does Brownian Motion describe?
What is the relationship between pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?
Which human activity is a main contributing factor to increased eutrophication ? 205
Name two detrimental effects of deforestation 206
What colour is pheolphthalein in alkalis?
What colour is methyl orange in acid?
When using the equation P1V1 = P2V2 what two assumptions must be made?
Recall the relationship between density, mass and volume ?
Give two reasons why crop yield is increased in greehouses
What is a 'pest' 208 207
What colour is methyl orange in neutral solutions?
What colour is methyl orange in acid?
Recall the relationship between pressure, force and area ?
What is density?
What is meant by 'biological control' of pests ? Chemicals that kill pests are called __________ ?
210 209
What colour is Universal Indicator in acid?
What colour is Universal Indicator in neutral solutions?
How is 'pressure' calculated in solids? What is the symbol of pressure? Why is yeast used in the production of beer ? 211
In an industrial fermenter, the ways to prevent contamiation of unwanted microorganisms is kown as ______________ ? 212
What colour is Universal Indicator in alkalis?
All acids have a pH less than...?
What is the unit of pressure?
What is the unit of pascal?
What is 'selective breeding '? 213
In genetic engineering, what is the purpose of restriction enzymes ? 214
The more acidic a solution, the ............ The pH
What is the pH of pure water
What is the force of one pascal?
What are the factors effecting pressure ?
In genetic engineering, what is the purpose of ligase enzymes ?
What is 'recombinant DNA' ? 216
215
alkalis have a pH greater than...?
The more alkaline a solution, the .......... the pH
What is the 'absolute zero' of temperature in Celsius?
What is the Brownian Motion?
In genetic engineering, what is meant by a 'vector' ?
In genetic engineering, give two examples of vectors ?
217
218
Complete:
Complete:
acid + base →
hydrochloric acid + zinc oxide →
What are the two gas laws?
Define 'magnetic field line'
Human ____________ is manufactured from genetically modified bacteria grown in a fermenter
In cloning, what is transferred into an egg cell in order for the egg to develop asexually ? 219
220
Complete:
Complete:
acid + metal carbonate →
nitric acid + calcium carbonate →
What direction is the arrow head drawn on a magnetic field line ?
What is produced around a conductor when an electric current is passed through it ?
Why can't an egg cell develop into an new organism on its own ?
In cloning, the process by which thousands of plants can be produced from one original is known as ___________ ?
221
222
Complete:
Complete:
acid + metal →
hydrochloric acid + zinc →
When working with electromagnetism, what is the direction of current ?
When a current carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field what will be exerted on it?
nutrition, respiration, excretion and responding to stimuli - name 4 other basic characteristics of living things
Name the 6 main groups of organisms covered in this Edexcel specification 223
224
In titrations, name the long glass dropping tube
Does using a catalyst effect eqilibrium position?
Name two devices that use current carrying wires in a magnetic field
Which of Flemings 'rules' are used to determine the direction of movement of a current carrying wire in a magnetic field ?
Name this group: These are multicellular organisms that are able to carry out photosynthesis
Name this group: These are multicellular organisms that have nervous coordination and are able to move from place to place 225
226
What effect does increasing the temperature have on a chemical equilibrium?
What effect does increasing the concentration have on a chemical equilibrium?
What factors effect the size of the force exerted by a current carrying wire in a magnetic field ?
What will be produced if a wire is moved near a magnetic field ?
Name this group: These do not carry out photosynthesis and their body is usually organised into a mycelium made from hyphae
Name this group: Thse are microscopic single-celled organisms that contain cell structure but lack a nucleus 227
228
What effect does increasing the pressure have on a chemical equilibrium?
The removal of oxygen from a compound is called what?
A wire is near a magnet. How can a current be induced in the wire ?
Name the factors that will affect the size of the electric current produced in a generator
Name this group: These are microscopic single-celled organisms. Some like Amoeba have features like an animals cell, while others, like Chlorella are more like plants
Name this group: These are really small particles that are parasitic and can only reproduce inside living cells
229
230
The addition of oxygen from a compound is called what?
Comercially, from what compound is pure aluminium obtained from?
What is radioactivity measured in ?
In a atom of 14C6 how many protons and how many neutrons are there in the nucleus ?
What is the name given to a biological substance that can be harmful to humans ?
Define 'population'
231
232
In the extraction of aluminium, what is the purpose of 'cryolite'?
In the extraction of aluminium, what needs to be replaced regularly?
In a atom of 14N7 how many protons and how many neutrons are there in the nucleus ?
In a atom of 238U92 how many protons and how many neutrons are there in the nucleus ?
Define 'community'
Define 'habitat' 233
why is extracting aluminium so expensive?
234
In the extraction of aluminium, write the ionic halfequation for the reaction at the negative electrode
How many electrons does the atom 14C6 have ? How many electrons does the atom 23Na11 have ? Define 'ecosystem' 235
The simplest way of showing the feeding relationships within an ecosystem is with a _______________ ? 236
In the extraction of aluminium, write the ionic halfequation for the reaction at the positive electrode
What will happen is carbon is heated with metal oxides?
What is the definition of 'atomic number' ?
What is the definition of 'mass number' ?
In a food chain, does the arrow point to the organism which is being eaten or the organism which is eating ?
The different stages in a food chain are called __________ ?
237
238
What metal is extracted in a 'blast furnace'?
What are the raw materials that go into a blast furnace?
What is an 'isotope' of an element ?
What are the three types of ionising radiation that could be emitted from an unstable nucleus ?
In a food chain, in which trophic level are plants ?
In a food chain, in which trophic levels are animals which eat grass ?
239
240
In the extraction of copper, which electrode is pure copper?
What solution is electrolysed to produce copper?
Put in order of penetrating power the three types of ionising radiations emitted during radioactive decay In a food chain, in which trophic level are animals that eat primary consumers ?
Which type of radioactive radiation cannot penetrate through paper ?
What is 'biomass' ? 242
241
Crude oil is a mixture of what?
What process is used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil?
What is the effect on the atomic number and the mass number of a nucleus if it emits an alpha particle ?
What is the effect on the atomic number and the mass number of a nucleus if it emits a beta particle ?
What is meant by a 'pyramid of numbers'
What is meant by a 'pyramid of biomass' 243
What are the fractions obtained from crude oil?
244
What are the products of the complete combustion of hydrocarbons?
What is the effect on the atomic number and the mass number of a nucleus if it emits a gamma ray ?
14C6 emits a beta particle. What will the nucleus turn into ?
Approximately, how much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next ?
What function do 'decomposers' do in an ecosystem
245
What are the products of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons?
246
Why is carbon monoxide poisonous?
Name two ways to detect ionising radiation
238
U92 emits an alpha particle. What will the nucleus turn into ? What pollutant combines with rainwater to form acid rain ?
In what 'cycle' are there stages of respiration, photosynthesis, decomposition and combustion ?
248 247
when fuels combust, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides may be formed. Why is this a problem?
TRUE or FALSE: Crude oil contains more long-chain and fewer short-chain hydrocarbons than required?
What is 'background' radiation ?
Name the two main source of background radiation
Apart from water vapour, name the four other greenhouse gases from the Edexcel specification
Explain how a blanket of greenhouses gases may cause global warming 249
250
TRUE or FALSE: Crude oil contains more short-chain and more short-chain hydrocarbons than required?
What is the name of the process where long-chain hydrocarbons are broken up into short-chain hydrocarbons?
What happens to the level of radioactivity with time Define 'half-life' which human activity is the main contributor to the level of CO2 in the atmosphere ?
What is 'eutrophication' ? 251
Define 'monomer'
252
Define 'polymer'
A radioactive substance has an activity of 1000 Bq and a known half life of 2 hours. That will be its radioactivity after 4 hours ?
A radioactive substance has an activity of 2000 Bq and a known half life of 1 hour. That will be its radioactivity after 4 hours ?
Which human activity is a main contributing factor to increased eutrophication ?
Name two detrimental effects of deforestation
253
254
Poly(ethene) is made from the repeated addition of what?
Poly(propene)is made from the repeated addition of what?
State three uses of radioactivity
State the three dangers of ionising radiations
Give two reasons why crop yield is increased in greehouses
What is a 'pest' 256 255
Poly(chloroethene) is made from the repeated addition of what?
Give a use for poly(ethene)
Most alpha particles will pass through a very thin gold film. What is the significance of this ?
A few alpha particles rebound from a very thin gold film. What is the significance of this ?
What is meant by 'biological control' of pests ? Chemicals that kill pests are called __________ ?
258 257
Give a use for poly(propene)
Give a use for poly(chloroethene) What is meant by 'nuclear fission' ?
Name the two factors which effect the deflection of alpha particle by a nucleus In an industrial fermenter, the ways to prevent contamiation of unwanted microorganisms is kown as ______________ ?
Why is yeast used in the production of beer ? 259
260
What are the raw materials in the manufacture of ammonia?
How can the nuclues of a ?
What is the temperature of the manufacture of ammonia?
235
U92 atom be made to split
235
When U92 is split due to a neutron collison, in what form does the process release energy ? In genetic engineering, what is the purpose of restriction enzymes ?
What is 'selective breeding '? 261
What is the pressure used in the manufacture of ammonia?
What is produced after the fission of
262
What type of catalyst is used in the manufacture of ammonia?
235
U92 nucleus ?
How can a 'chain reaction' be formed after the fission 235 of a U92 nucleus ?
In genetic engineering, what is the purpose of ligase enzymes ? 263
What is 'recombinant DNA' ? 264
Name two important uses of ammonia
What is brine?
What is the role played by the control rods in a nuclear reactor ?
What is the role played by the moderator in a nuclear reactor ?
In genetic engineering, what is meant by a 'vector' ?
In genetic engineering, give two examples of vectors ?
265
Name two important chemicals made from the electrolysis of brine?
266
Name three important uses of sodium hydroxide
Define 'half-life'
A radioactive substance has an activity of 1000 Bq and a known half life of 2 hours. That will be its radioactivity after 4 hours ?
Human ____________ is manufactured from genetically modified bacteria grown in a fermenter
In cloning, what is transferred into an egg cell in order for the egg to develop asexually ? 267
Name two important uses of chlorine
A radioactive substance has an activity of 2000 Bq and a known half life of 1 hour. That will be its radioactivity after 4 hours ? Why can't an egg cell develop into an new organism on its own ? 269
268