Two Row Times, April 5, 2023

Logan Staats awarded TD Indigenous Songwriter Award

TWO ROW TIMES

The SOCAN Foundation announced Logan Staats as the recipient of this year's TD Indigenous Songwriter Award. The acclaimed Mohawk artist from Six Nations of the Grand River is being recognized for his song, “Deadman.”

The SOCAN Foundation's TD Indigenous Songwriter Award was created to recognize and celebrate the artistic merit demonstrated by Indigenous songwriters of any genre. Staats will receive a cash prize of $10,000 in addition to career development opportunities and a performance opportunity in front of music industry professionals.

"My nation and my community are in every chord I play and every note I sing. They've saved me," says Staats. "As I spend more and more time on Indigenous frontlines, it's really affecting my songwriting.”

Honourable Mention awards of $1,000 are also being made to Aysanabee, Ila Barker, Kaeley Jade, Uncle Joe, and Twin Flames. The winners will be using the funds to support their career development in various areas including recording new music, videography, and business management.

"Empowering Indigenous voices is essential, and we're thankful for ongoing support from TD to celebrate Indigenous songwriters in Canada," said Charlie Wall-Andrews, executive director of SOCAN Foundation.

"The award is designed to celebrate merit in the craft of songwriting."

Hundreds of applications from artists across Canada covering a wide variety of musical genres were submitted for consideration. Award winners were selected by a jury and advisory council of Indigenous artists and industry leaders.

"It's exciting to see how many Indigenous

songwriters there are. Congratulations to Logan Staats and all of the special distinction winners," says Kim Wheeler, award jury chair. "The industry is growing, and this award helps celebrate and create opportunities for Indigenous creators and make space for musicians who are making amazing music."

This special Award is made possible with the support of TD Bank Group. Previous recipients of the award include Leonard Sumner, Laura Niquay, Anachnid, and Jasmine Netnsa.

"TD is proud to congratulate Logan Staats as winner of the 2022 TD

Indigenous Songwriter Award," said Robyn Small, senior manager, philanthropy, sustainability and corporate citizenship, TD Bank Group. "Through the TD Ready Commitment, our corporate citizenship platform, we seek to help break down barriers for emerging artists and spotlight them through our support for organizations like the SOCAN Foundation. We're proud to celebrate the musical and cultural works of artists from the Indigenous community and help create opportunities to amplify diverse voices."

In 2018, Logan Staats won the musical competition The Launch, offici-

ating the breakthrough that would lead him to Nashville and Los Angeles, and to his single "The Lucky Ones" reaching number one in Canada and winning the Indigenous Music Award for best radio single.

In the years between now and then, Staats has come home, making the intentional decision to re-root at Six Nations of the Grand River. To Staats, music is a healing salve, contemplatively composed and offered to listeners in need of comfort. Since returning home, Staats has been able to create music authentically again, reclaiming his sound through honest storytelling and unvarnished, sometimes painful reflection.

Staats has recently found a new label home with Red Music Rising and is excited to be working on his new upcoming album, which includes songs that are all written by Staats with the exception of one cover.

Counting musical icon Buffy Sainte-Marie among his mentors, Staats wants to pay forward the guidance he's received by connecting with Indigenous youth through music. He frequently leads workshops and visits local schools.

1045 Brant County Hwy 54 Ohsweken 519-770-3628

Mohawk artist pays it forward by connecting with Indigenous youth through music

Logan Staats wants to pay forward the guidance he's received by connecting with Indigenous youth through music. Staats was recently awarded the TD Indigenous Songwriter Award by the SOCAN Foiundation. SUBMITTED PHOTO

Development corporation announces new governance structure

greater.

The Six Nations of the Grand River Economic Development Corp. says its new governance model will give elected band council at least $1.4 million a year, or, 40 per cent of its annual free cash.

The announcement came last week with the SNGRDC saying the goal of the remodelled governance structure was to better serve the Six Nations people and create a better relationship with band council.

There are three major changes under the enhanced structure: a new long-term funding agreement; divestiture of properties; and an amalgamated governance model of SNGRDC.

Under the new model, Six Nations of the Grand River Elected Council will receive a minimum annual funding commitment from the Economic Development Trust (EDT) for the next 15 years. The annual commitment is 40 percent of SNGRDC’s post audit free cash or $1.4M, whichever is

"This will allow the Elected Council and its departments to plan for the long-term needs of the community,” SNGRDC said in a press release. “Eliminating the EDT application requirement for the elected council saves resources and time for both the elected council and the EDT, which will result in direct financial savings.”

SNGRDC says the funding agreement provides parameters in which elected council can utilize the proceeds but funding must be directly tied to a community need as outlined in the 2019 Community Plan.

In order to use receive that money, Band Council will be subject to reporting and disclosures, keeping in line with the current EDT funding agreements. As part of the reporting process, the band council must produce an annual report detailing where the funds were directed.

Going forward, Band Council will no longer be eligible to apply for EDT funding.

“This will enable the EDT to streamline their focus towards other general applicants and grassroots

level initiatives,” the press release noted.

As of December 2022, the Economic Development Trust (EDT) has re-invested just over $16.6M into community priorities, of which, Band Council departments have received $12.4M.

A number of properties will also be divested back to band council.

When SNGRDC separated from Band Council in 2015, all Economic Development properties and operations were transferred to SNGRDC. At that time, SNGRDC entered into a management agreement to manage these properties and operations on behalf of the Elected Council.

It has been determined that certain properties

cannot be developed due to political factors which are beyond the control of SNGRDC. As such, below is a list of properties that will be transitioned back to the Elected Council:

-Oneida Business Park –undeveloped lands (current building will continue to be managed by SNGRDC

-431 West Street, Brantford

-Former School #5 & Former School # 7

-Port Maitland property

-A6N Yard (former Martin Bus Property); A6N is re-locating to the Oneida Business Park

-Old Internet towers –Mohawk Road, Chiefswood Road and Cayuga Road.

In addition to the above, Six Nations Tourism, in-

cluding Her Majesty’s Royal Chapel of the Mohawks and Chiefswood National Historic Site, will transition to Band Council.

SNGRDC said the transition will allow for greater funding opportunities through grants which are not currently available to Six Nations Tourism as a subsidiary of SNGRDC. Six Nations Tourism will remain located in Chiefswood Park and continue to collaborate closely with SNGRDC on tourism-related offerings.

There will also be an amalgamated SNGRDC Governance Model.

The amalgamation will consist of shifting from three governing boards, consisting of 15 different board members, to one consolidated board comprised of 9 members. The members of the new consolidated board are Janis Monture, Justin Porter, Audrey Hill, Alaina VanEvery, Andrew Joseph, Phillip Johnson, Rachel Martin, Erica Martisius, and Myka Burning.

This new model will see new committees developed to oversee the current functions of the Advisory Committee and Board of

Trustees. Consolidating the current model into one board will result in cost savings.

There will be no interruptions to community services offered by SNGRDC and Elected Council under this new agreement.

“We are pleased to see this agreement take effect after months of hard work and collaboration with Elected Council,” said SNGRDC CEO Matt Jamieson. “This new governance model will allow both entities to operate more efficiently to maximize economic benefits to the Six Nations community.

SNGRDC remains committed to our goal of achieving autonomy by 2030 and we are excited to continue to serve the community under this new, enhanced model.”

Elected Chief Mark Hill said the new model will strengthen the working relationship between council and SNGRDC.

“We are excited to develop more strategic and longterm plans to meet community needs and better serve the Six Nations Community in unity with SNGRDC.”

The Six Nations Development Corporation has sorted out a new governance structure with the Six Nations Elected Council that will streamline and define access to funding for both council initiatives and community member projects. SNGRDC

Statement on Catholic Church's rejection of the Doctrine of Discovery

JACE KOBLUN jace@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

The repudiation of the Doctrine of Discovery by the Catholic Church is an important action showing that Indigenous voices, that were ignored for centuries, are being heard.

Honourable Marc Miller, Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations, the Honourable Patty Hajdu, Minister of Indigenous Services, and the Honourable Daniel Vandal, Minister of Northern Affairs, issued the following statement in response to the Catholic Church's rejection of the Doctrine of Discovery on April 1.

"For years, Indigenous Peoples have called on the Vatican to rescind the Doctrine of Discovery, a racist Doctrine that was exploited by governments to enforce colonial systems and policies. This Doctrine was used to take land from Indigenous communities and justify atrocities committed against Indigenous Peo-

ples. It is part of Canada's shameful history and its legacy continues to impact Indigenous Peoples to this day.

We acknowledge the Catholic Church's response to the calls from First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Survivors, Elders, leaders, and communities, and its rejection of the Doctrine of Discovery.

This repudiation supports the healing of Indigenous Peoples who have been impacted by the legacy of colonialism. In its statement, the Catholic Church was clear – Papal Bulls did not reflect the rights and dignity of Indigenous Peoples, and that this Doctrine was manipulated for political use by colonial powers. This was a failure of the Catholic Church to uphold the inherent human rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the acknowledgement of this failure, by the Vatican, is an important step as we work towards reconciliation.

The Government of Canada accepts that ancient doctrines such as

this have no place in Canadian law and do not define our ongoing relationships with Indigenous Peoples. The Catholic Church's statement addresses the centuries long opposition to the Doctrine of Discovery, which was raised directly with His

Holiness Pope Francis by residential school Survivors during his recent visit to Canada. Canada will continue to work with Survivors, Elders, Indigenous leaders, partners, all levels of government, and the Catholic Church to make progress on the

commitments made by Pope Francis to Indigenous Peoples.

This is a historic moment for Indigenous Peoples in Canada and around the world. The rejection of this Doctrine only happened because of the resiliency and advocacy of Indigenous voices. Canada cannot be the judge of whether this is sufficient; it is up to Indigenous Peoples.

The Government of Canada is working to renew its relationship with Indigenous Peoples. A key focus of this renewal is working with Indigenous partners to respond to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's Calls to Action 46 and 47 by developing a Covenant of Reconciliation that specifically addresses the rejection of the Doctrine of Discovery.

Furthermore, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act passed by Canada states that 'all doctrines, policies and practices based on or advocating the superiority of

peoples or individuals on the basis of national origin or racial, religious, ethnic or cultural differences, including the doctrines of discovery and terra nullius, are racist, scientifically false, legally invalid, morally condemnable, and socially unjust.

The repudiation of the Doctrine of Discovery by the Catholic Church is an important action showing that Indigenous voices, that were ignored for centuries, are being heard. This is only one of many necessary steps in continuing the dialogue of reconciliation and renewing the relationship with Indigenous Peoples. A lot of work remains and the Government of Canada will continue to work alongside Indigenous partners and the Catholic Church in pursuit of the truth and of a better Canada, one that's more inclusive of Indigenous realities."

The Doctrine of Discovery was a “papal bull” of Pope Paul III in 1537, which mandated: “Indians and all other people who may later be discovered by Christians, are by no means to be deprived of their liberty or the possession of their property, even though they be outside the Christian faith; and that they may and should, freely and legitimately, enjoy their liberty and possession of their property; nor should they be in any way enslaved; should the contrary happen, it shall be null and have no effect.” .

Former archaeological manager alleges bullying, financial abuse as reason for leaving Haudenosaunee Development Institute

experience in the industry with him.

Wayne Hill spent 11 years building the archaeological department for the Haudenosaunee Development Institute before he was, without explanation, told to take a pay cut of almost half his original salary or be terminated — all during a record year of profit.

Hill provided the Two Row Times with a series of emails from 2021 and a grievance letter to the HCCC that details his negative experience with HDI after a disagreement with HDI Director/internal counsel Aaron Detlor over archaeological work with Metrolinx.

The letter lays out a pattern of systemic workplace bullying, financial abuse and psychological harm directed at Hill by HDIs internal counsel Aaron Detlor.

The abusive behaviour increased, Hill says, following a conflict over several

issues including ethics surrounding archeological work at a Metrolinx site.

Hill says after a negotiations conflict with Metrolinx in October 2021, Detlor insisted that Hill stop doing archeological work around a Metrolinx site and that HDI and Metrolinx were headed to court.

“We are currently in litigation with them and don’t want to proceed with monitoring because they are going to use it as evidence of consent,” wrote Detlor.

Hill objected and said it was not ethical for the Indigenous archeological team to cease work while other teams carried on

doing digs without HDIs monitors on site. He asked Detlor why it was best to have zero participation on the ground and also expressed concern to Detlor that the issues between HDI and Metrolinx were headed to Canadian courts that do not typically favour Haudenosaunee rights.

In response, Detlor sent an email to Hill, copying a crew of 9 other people involved with HDI and HCCC, pulled rank on Hill, saying he was speaking as an “HDI delegate appointed by the HCCC” and went on to invite Hill to a meeting to discuss “termination of your relationship with HDI.”

Archaeology was Hill’s life’s passion. Before he worked with HDI he tried to create a self-sustaining archaeological business that specifically focused on Indigenous artifacts within the province of Ontario.

He admits it was a challenge.

“During the early days, the involvement of Haudenosaunee people within Ontario archaeology was non-existent and opportunities were not afforded due to the colonial nature of archaeology,”

He said rejections from developers were routine and in 2010, he approached the Haudenosaunee Confederacy Chiefs Council (HCCC) about starting an archaeological program.

Hill says he built the entire HDI Archeology program from the ground up, bringing ten years of

Hill said, “The initial five years of the HDI archaeological program was intense and exhausting.”

Police threats were constant, he said, but over the years, he built up a reputation and developed a program that employed community members as archaeological monitors and also brought in millions of dollars in revenue.

He built countless relationships with archaeologists, developers, politicians, and government officials over the years as the HDI began signing contract after contract on land under development within the province.

Those contracts provided millions in archaeological capacity funding, in order to ensure any Indigenous artifacts found were treated with the respect they deserved, and that all work was undertaken in accordance with provincial law when it came to archaeology.

Every year, the HDI would hire dozens of archaeological monitors to oversee digs at land sites under development in the province.

Funding for the HDI’s archaeological program provided the lion’s share of HDI revenue over the years.

Hill had found his calling.

Hill says he is still struggling to come to terms with the loss of his life’s work.

After the conflict with Detlor in October, Hill remained with HDI after a conflict resolution meeting he got some assurance that the bullying would stop.

It didn’t.

On November 2, Detlor emailed Hill sending him a new contract with a significant pay reduction, saying “…we undertook an independent review of salary for archaeologists, archeological managers and senior environmental project managers. The contract that you have been offered puts you at almost double the amount at would be earned in terms of a comparable assessment in terms of skills, education, experience and responsibilities.”

Hill said he was told the HDI had conducted an independent review of his position to come up with his new salary, but said he was puzzled because he had actually never been given a job description of his role and duties.

He said he was given eight days to sign the contract, which did not provide him enough time to review it.

On Nov. 15, 2021, Hill said he was told to accept the new contract at a reduced hourly rate or face termination from his position as archaeological supervisor.

Hill says he eventually parted ways in December 2021 after his pay was reduced almost in half without explanation.

In an email on December 14, Hill pressed Detlor and HDIs Finance Officer Rick Saul for answers, saying he did not consent to a change in his income.

Detlor responded the next day in an email saying “We have simply implemented the agreed to terms set out in the contract that you entered into with HDI.”

Detlor also added that all questions Hill had should go directly to Detlor, and not to the Finance department.

Hill said his next hope was to involve the HCCC in terms of his contract and work he did with the HDI but was told the HCCC had no say in his employment.

Detlor again wrote to Hill on December 22 and said “…HCCC does not involve itself in employment or contractural matters involving HDI.”

There is no Human Resources department at the HDI, said Hill. There is no official director or official chain of command that he answered to, he said.

Hill has now drafted a grievance letter for the HCCC to review and says it will be brought to the HCCC council this coming Saturday in pursuit of some justice.

As part of the grievance, Hill is asking the HCCC to endorse him in an individual pursuit as a private archaeological business operating within Haudenosaunee territory.

HDI Archeology founder Wayne Hill says he was threatened with termination and his salary inexplicably cut in half after he disagreed with HDI Director Aaron Detlor removing archeology monitors from a Metrolinx excavation and entering into a lawsuit against the transit provider. METROLINX

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Department of Indian Affairs and colonizer meddling in the writing of the Great Law

NAHNDA GARLOW nahnda@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

One of the first colonizers that wanted the Great Law to be written down and the Confederacy system to be “modernized” was Indian Affairs Superintendent for Grand River, Colonel Jasper T. Gilkison.

As early as 1862, historical records show that Gilkison and other Indian Affairs officials were frustrated with the consensus decision making process of the hereditary chiefs.

Gilkison was given a voice at council and he used that voice to exploit divisions in the community in order to get the political ends he was looking for — that the council would be reduced to a body of 6 leaders.

Historical records show Gilkison routinely made recommendations to the hereditary chiefs to go against thousands of years of Haudenosaunee protocol and remove authority of the Women to dehorn a chief — instead giving that duty exclusively to the council.

Further to that, he wanted the council to vote instead of working toward consensus.

Meanwhile, Gilkison was also stoking fear that if significant changes to the number of chiefs in council was not made voluntarily, that the incoming Indian Act would force elected leadership upon them anyway.

Eventually the superintendent was successful in his quest to change the functioning of the confederacy’s operations. By April 1880, historical records

show the councils first soft launch of voting was on whether or not to accept the Indian Act.

The names of the 23 Chiefs in favour of the Indian Act were: David Thomas, Timothy Burning, John Hill, John Buck, John Gibson Sr., Jonas Froman, Elizah Lickers, John General, Nicodemus Porter, Henry Clinch, Joseph Porter, Abram Charles, Joseph Henry, William Wedge, Jacob Jamieson, David Jacket Hill, Gehaze Carpenter, Thomas Isaac, Moses Hill, Richard Hill, Josiah Hill, William Bomberry and William Jamieson.

The names of the 11 chiefs opposing were: John Carpenter, Abram Lewis, John Frazer, Peter Powless, Daniel Doxdater, George Key, George Buck, William Buck, Charles Sky, James Monture and David Frazer.

Those opposed were vocally in opposition of other changes, including policies that allowed the Indian

superintendents to transfer Six Nations money without the review or consent of the council.

Put a star here: we’ll circle back to that in a moment.

Those in favour of accepting the Indian Act outnumbered those in opposition and the chiefs in council directed Gilkison to draw up Indian Act bylaws to govern the Six Nations community.

In direct contrast of bylaws being made by the Indian Agent — Seth Newhouse was an Onondaga Pine Tree chief who had dedicated his life to collecting the various accounts of the Great Law. Newhouse interviewed elders from throughout the Haudenosaunee world starting in the 1860s and transcribed their accounts by hand, word for word.

At that time there was another situation playing out among the people of Six Nations.

Letters were written to the council by a collective identifying themselves as “the Women and Warriors”. Under the Great Law, these Women and Warriors are also referred to by the Peacemaker, Deganawida as the “Nieces and Nephews”.

They were protective over the hereditary Haudenosaunee laws and customs and wanted them to be recognized and restored.

The Women and Warriors petitioned both the federal government to smarten up and recognize the treaty relationship in the Two Row Wampum — and asked the chiefs council to remove leaders who were improperly claiming hereditary titles.

They began work to do genealogy and identified some of the acting chiefs were illegitimately on council.

Seth Newhouse was eventually involved in those efforts. His manuscripts in-

clude letters and petitions from the Nieces and Nephews, along with genealogy for those illegitimate chiefs.

Under the traditions of the Great Law, the Women and Warriors have distinct responsibilities including the installation and removal of hereditary leaders.

Perhaps one of the most critical offices in the Great Law is the role of the war chiefs.

For each of the five nations — a war chief title is established. These are hereditary titles that are installed by the women of the families that carry that title. Newhouse documented all of this from the elders he interviewed throughout the course of his research.

The reinvigoration of public participation by the Women and Warriors at council was in direct conflict with what Gilkison and others at the Indian department were planning. In particular, the Women and Warriors of the day, along

with some of the chiefs, spoke against the right of the Indian agents to use Six Nations money without the consent of the people.

You can put another star here to remind you that at the same time the decision making process was being eroded by the Indian agent — the people were opposed to agents being able to use our money without our consent.

In 1897, minutes of the Six Nations council show that a copy of the Newhouse great law was certified by the hereditary council. This is shown in a reproduction that was distributed across the Haudenosaunee communities by Chief Jake Thomas.

“Ohsweken Council House, Ohsweken, Ontario

Nov. 15th, 1897

We the undersigned chiefs of the Iroquois Confederacy in an open council do hereby approve, certify to the accuracy of the draft in writing, collected by Mr. Seth Newhouse (Dayodekano) of the ancient and Original Constitution of the League of the Five Nations as a true and correct embodiment of the fundamental principles of that instrument, sometimes symbolized by wampum strings and belts.

Signed by Nicholas Gibson, Johnson Williams and David Sky.”

However, even with this certification — Newhouse could not secure funding from the Indian department to pay for printing his work. Instead, he pursued private funding and produced two copies in 1885 and 1910.

The Great Law that Chief Jake Thomas shared in the 90s is similar to the

Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Grand River Jasper T. Gilkison, front and centre with cane, surrounded by select confederacy chiefs and clergy members in Brantford 1870, pressed the chiefs to accept the Indian Act and convert to majority vote. Shown are (Back row, standing L - R): Jacob Williams, John Anderson, George Johnson, Rev. Isaac Barefoot, Isaac Hill. (Front Row, seated L - R) Seneca Joseph Johnson, Chief Snow (Warrior), Rev. Abram Elliot, JT Gilkison, Rev. Abram Nelles, John Smoke Johnson (Warrior) and Henry Clench. LAC

Newhouse version and talks specifically about the war chiefs by name, one for each nation, as hereditary titles installed by Dekanawida to protect the peace. They are: Ayonwaehs under the Tekarihoken family; Kahonwahdironh under Odatshedeh; Ayendes under Adodarhoh; Wenenhn under Dekaenyonh and Kanenootonh under Skaniyadariyoh.

The responsibilities of these hereditary leaders are critical. They are the accountability offices of the Confederacy. The Great Law tradition says the war chiefs have specific duties. Among them they are to take up arms and lead warriors into battle if ever the Confederacy is under threat by a foreign entity. War chiefs are also called to watch the internal activities of the council and alert the clans if their speakers are acting outside of protocol or agreement.

In the early days of Six Nations at the Grand River, the war chiefs were sitting among those at council, several decades before Newhouse had any involvement in recording the Great Law to paper.

In July 1839, minutes from the Six Nations council shows 15 war chief leaders attended a condolence at the Onondaga Council House on the north side of the Grand River, near Middleport. Some of those in attendance were installed as war chiefs.

The primary duty of a war chief was explained during the condolence by speaker Peter Williams, who took a string of black

wampum, and told those gathered that the job of the war chief is to look to all the people and take care of them, young, old, women and children.

The speaker went on with specific instructions — that if a chief takes any action that is contrary to the law, the chiefs, war chiefs and clan mothers have to council together and follow the clan mothers advice in resolving the matters at hand — bringing the accountability of chiefs to a collective of three representative voices.

If a chief commits an overreach he is warned three times through this process — and if he does not correct his course of action — the chief may then removed, aka dehorned.

But despite having a historical record of the war chiefs here at Six Nations — the erasure mission has persisted.

Several versions of the

Great Law are out there entirely written by white men. Many of them challenging the stories coming from actual Haudenosaunee elders, as written down by Newhouse.

An early “chiefs version” of the Great Law was produced by a committee of chiefs in 1900. This version had been scrubbed of all references to the War Chiefs and completely redefines the process of hereditary chiefs being held accountable.

Instead of having War Chiefs and Clan Mothers working together to keep hereditary chiefs in check — the chiefs version instead vilifies objection at council — threatening dissenting chiefs who challenge or question decisions made by the council.

This, in combination with a move toward decisions made by majority vote, effectively silenced any opposition or hereditary chiefs could and would risk being dehorned.

This version was drafted and accepted by a committee of ten chiefs — half of whom had voted in favour of the Indian Act: Peter Powless, J.W.M. Elliott, Nicodemus Porter, Thomas William Echo, William Wedge, Abram Charles, John A. Gibson, Josiah Hill, John Sanford and Isiah Sickles.

That version was published with a few minor edits by none other than the notorious Duncan Campbell Scott.

History has not been kind to Scott, and with good reason. In his day he was a poet and politician of renown and character among the elite colonizer

publish this version of the Great Law to that audience?

It is interesting to say the least — that the Department of Indian Affairs refused to publish a version of the Great Law that included traditional accountability measures, and instead funded a version that scrubs those duties in favour of a system that silences questions.

Five Nations is a figment… It does not exist.. either written or unwritten.”

Anyone who is interested in the Great Law and its various versions should read the criticisms and Parker’s reply. It is a beautifully written mic drop where he says every version of the Great Law has merit and should be shared.

families of Canada. He started with the Department of Indian Affairs in 1879 and worked his way up to the top as Deputy Superintendent where he famously reinforced the Indian Residential School System, pledging to continue the work of Indian assimilation until there is not a trace of “Indian” left in any Indigenous child in Canada.

The year that he published the chiefs sanctioned and final version of the Great Law it appeared in a 1911 publication of the Royal Society of Canada called “Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada”

At that time, Scott was the Secretary of that organization and rubbed elbows with several other colonizer elites within the Royal Society’s membership — including the leadership folks from McGill University, the Welland Canal, Montreal Turnpike Trust, District of Niagara, Desjardin Canal Company, the Law Society of Upper Canada and more.

If those names look familiar it is because the Royal Society included many of the heads of organizations that were in receipt of the missing Six Nations trust fund dollars.

Remember that move by Gilkison to get the Indian Act voted on and the concerns of the chiefs about money being transferred without the consent of the council?

History is 20/20 as they say. Why would the Royal Society of Canada care about the story of the Peacemaker? And why would Duncan Campbell Scott agree to fund and

Could that have anything to do with silencing hereditary chiefs from being able to challenge decisions made by the council about the Indian Act? Or to scrub their ability to challenge moneys transferred out of the trust and into the hands of colonizing developers — including those that were members of the Royal Society.

Campbell Scott would, a decade later, be promoted to President of the Royal Society of Canada.

Perhaps it’s a conspiracy theory. Perhaps not. But one thing is for sure — the mention of war chiefs sure gets the caucasity going in the colonizing world.

Take for example a later publishing of the Newhouse Great Law by A.C. Parker. Parker was a Seneca ethnologist who included both the Newhouse Great Law and the Chiefs 1900 version in his book “The Constitution of the Five Nations or The Iroquois Book of the Great Law” from 1916.

Parker had exclusive access to the Haudenosaunee knowledge base on the ground as well as materials from everyone within the Haudenosaunee community to vet and verify each version of the law. His book caused white anthropologists everywhere visceral pain. So much so that two white anthropologists of the day — A.A. Goldenweiser and J.N. B. Hewitt both wrote book reviews looking to rip a strip off Parker for daring to give merit to the Newhouse version of the Great Law.

It didn’t work.

In claiming that the Newhouse version was invalid, Hewitt ended up admitting that he took efforts to insert things in Newhouse’s work that came from a Jesuit historian and admitted that he instructed the chiefs to alter translations of certain names.

Goldenweiser goes on to say “The Constitution of the

The work of refining and defining who and what make up the Haudenosaunee world did not stop with Duncan Campbell Scott’s version of the Great Law. When the Haudenosaunee Development Institute was first being formed, documents from early meetings in 2008 show that the first order of business was to get one singular version of the Great Law accepted and printed in mass quantities, distributed to all Iroquoian communities.

Again, call me a conspiracy theorist but I don’t know? There is a historical record that shows any time someone wants to limit the knowledge base surrounding the Great Law — there are specific intentions around that limitation.

To date those have not been good intentions and were usually connected to making sure the ambitions of developers were being protected.

It’s an interesting thought. And something that deserves to be examined. Everyone who was on the ground during the 2006 land reclamation in Caledonia knows that the power of the Six Nations unifying to assert our boundaries naturally brought together the Women and the Warriors, scaring the you know what out of police and governments. It also drew the attention of developers who continue to profit off of Indigenous lands.

With limited access to the Haudenosaunee Development Institute’s doings unless you drink the Koolaid and unquestionably hop on board for the ride — Six Nations may never know the answer. But if the desire is there, and there is another natural reinvigoration of the Women and the Warriors, who knows? Maybe answers and accountability could come sooner rather than later.

This structure is said to be the only photo of the old Six Nations council house on the north side of the Grand River, just before Middleport. Minutes from the Council in 1839, published by Arthur Parker, detail a condolence ceremony held here to install War Chiefs at Grand River.

Duncan Campbell Scott was the Deputy Superintendent of Indian Affairs. The department refused to publish the Seth Newhouse version of the Great Law but agreed to fund one written nearly 15 years later that removed the War Chiefs. LAC

Meet author Joshua Whitehead

Johnny Appleseed and Making Love with the Land author selected as mentor for Audible Indigenous Writers’ Circle

tives emerging Indigenous youth are going to bring to the table.

It’s that time again. Time to let up-and-coming Indigenous writers know applications are being accepted for the Audible Indigenous Writers’ Circle and program mentors have been announced.

The program is open to those who self-identify as First Nations, Inuit and Métis emerging writers and the deadline to apply is April 14.

The mentorship and workshop program aims to help emerging Indigenous writers elevate and develop their stories. The Audible Indigenous Writers’ Circle has partnered with eight mentors and is looking for 24 writers to participate. Author Joshua Whitehead (Making Love with the Land, Full-Metal Indigiqueer, Johnny Appleseed) has been selected as one of the mentors this round and we caught up with him to chat about who he is as a writer and what he is going to bring to the program.

Whitehead is a Canadian First Nations, two-spirit poet and novelist. An Oji-Cree member of Peguis First Nation, he began publishing poetry while pursuing undergraduate studies at the University of Winnipeg. Whitehead is from Selkirk, Man., yet has been living and working in Calgary for the last seven years. Whitehead is slated to be a mentor in Audible’s third Indigenous Writers’ Circle.

2RT: What excites you about helping someone learn who they are as a writer?

Joshua: There’s something exciting about the ideas that writers have. I think the younger generation has very radical political ideas around mobilization, abolition, and also an inherent unique ability to kind of merge genres. I'm really excited to see what energizing political narra-

2RT: What are your favourite types of storytelling?

Joshua: I'm a bit of a jack of all trades. Poet. Novelist. Essayist. So I don't really kind of see or care for the kind of differentiations between genre or form. I'm not looking for anything specific around form or genre. Rather what I'm looking for is someone who at least has an ear and an eye on the page for just the way language works.

2RT: In what ways do the places you call home influence the way you write?

Joshua: I find if I am writing in Alberta I am very much more attuned to the geography and landscape there. So I think I write in a more rhythmic space vs. In Manitoba where it's -40 C for a bit, then 40 C. You get mosquitoes. It's more staccato and grounded. It's interesting to me to see how space and place really influence the rhythms of my thinking. If I'm sweating bullets, or I'm frigid cold, it affects the body. To me, the body kind of translates

think intertextually so things merge and hybridize and mutate. If you read any of my books, you can see there's kind of a musical accompaniment to them. Johnny Appleseed was kind of the pop disco diva. Making Love with the Land was very country. Full-Metal Indigiqueer was very techno and pop culture references a lot in my work. What I'm expecting is a level of rigour to the daily rhythms of our lives. Be it music, watching television, reading, conversations that we are privy to at all times in boardrooms or on a bus, and being able to kind of merge that all into the type of story that they're trying to tell.

2RT: What are some ways you critique your own work?

Joshua: I'm working on a new novel, which I could call queer apocalyptic fiction. It's the first time I'm doing something that's purely from research-creation. So I'm reading. I’m in the archives. I’m going to these places to take field notes. My first few books are very personal, something we might call auto-fiction or biographical poetics. I'm a big critic of myself right now. It's exhaustive, excavating work to be doing. I guess I'm trying to remind myself that not all writing can be fuelled by injury. Be mindful of what we're putting on the page, where it's coming from, and that we're leaving the book in a space where we are not completely depleted.

emotional and physical states onto the page.

2RT: What will you expect from who you mentor?

Joshua: I'm a rigorous reader of literature, that's my job, but it's also my passion in life. I'm also someone who likes to

2RT: How does being two-spirit influence your writing?

Joshua: As an Indigenous writer, if I write about white men in Paris, would that still be Indigenous writing? Yeah, it would be because I am an Indigenous writer. The only book of mine that

I intentionally infused queerness into as a priority was Johnny Appleseed. And I did so because I didn't see any strong accounts of two-spirit characters or worldviews in literature that weren't appropriated. In Making Love with the Land and Full-Metal, the idea of being two-spirit is attached — umbilical — and it is featured peripherally. I didn't put it into the focus. Making Love with the Land was about mental health. But of course, you have to think about that from a queer angle too. And this new book that I'm working on does feature queer characters, but it's not supposed to be in a way of teaching or pedagogical. It's supposed to be so normalized that it's just there. And no one has to explain that this person grew up gay in the ‘90s and experienced this.

2RT: Why did you want

to be a mentor?

Joshua: The idea that writers are solitary old sailors who drink whiskey and write all night like Hemingway is very much not it. I don't write in a vacuum. I've had amazing mentors who have gifted me and built me up. I'm just very excited to give back because there's no point moving forward and closing doors behind you.

2RT: Why is storytelling important?

Joshua: I think stories are the most powerful tool we have in any language. Everything is kind of a curation of story. So if you can read story, know story and critique story, or reformulate story, that is a very fundamental, powerful tool of politics. At the end of the day, I just want to encourage people to tell stories because sometimes they save lives.

2RT: What are some areas in your own story-

telling you could grow in?

Joshua: I could be a little more organized. I am a Capricorn and not a very good one. So I don't have a very set schedule for writing. I'm very erratic. I'm well known to burn the midnight oil and work until the sun has come up. I guess I would think about a more rudimentary writing schedule, but that's difficult to say when you have two jobs and a dog too. I think I would like to be a little more joyful in my writing.

2RT: What is something you hope your students learn from you?

Joshua: Take what you've learned and pass it on. Become a mentor yourself. I'm also a mentee, and I'm a mentor. take what you've learned and infuse it with your own knowledge and pass that on to maybe an up-andcoming Indigenous youth.

JACE KOBLUN jace@tworowtimes.com TWO

x.

PHOTO BY X

There’s something exciting about the ideas that writers have. I think the younger generation has very radical political ideas around mobilization, abolition, and also an inherent unique ability to kind of merge genres.

Are you a woman interested in the trades and want to gain hands-on experience?

Tigercat is looking for women to come out and try a variety of trades such as painting, welding and assembly. We want to introduce you to a career in the trades, and help train you to build a life-long career with Tigercat.

Saturday April 22nd, 2023 | 9am until 12pm

Where:

When: 1403 Dundas St., Woodstock, ON N4S 7V9

Contact: Free Event!

Komal Sahota at ksahota@tigercat.com

Cost:

*

Please wear safety shoes or closed toe shoes and long pants.

Stronger than Steel, Tougher than Timber

– Women in Trades

NOTICE OF STUDY COMPLETION

Downtown Streetscaping Class Environmental Assessment

The Study

The City of Brantford has completed a Class Environmental Assessment (EA) for streetscaping the Downtown to improve walkability, accessibility, and underground infrastructure to allow for development, enhance the infrastructure for all transportation modes, and increase pedestrian capacity. The goal of the streetscaping improvements is to create a Downtown that is attractive, vibrant and safe for users and provides the infrastructure needed to accommodate expected growth. An illustration of the proposed study limits is available on the other side of the page.

The Process

The EA has been undertaken in accordance with the planning and design process for Schedule “C” projects as outlined in the Municipal Class Environmental Assessment document (October 2000, as amended in 2007, 2011 and 2015), which is approved under the Ontario Environmental Assessment Act. The study defined the problem, identified and evaluated alternative solutions to the problem, evaluated alternative design concepts for the solution, and recommended a preferred design concept after assessing potential environmental impacts and identifying mitigation measures associated with the preferred design.

Public Information Centre (PIC) No.3 was held on Thursday, April 7th, 2022 in person at Brantford City Hall. At the PIC, the preferred alternative was presented and reviewed taking into account comments received from the public and regulatory agencies and modified as required. The recommended alternative included:

• Maintaining one-way traffic flow on Colborne Street and Dalhousie Street

• Maintaining parking on both sides of the roads

• Introducing separated cycle lanes on the roads

• Introducing street furnishing zones

The Honourable David Piccini

Minister of the Environment, Conservation and Parks 777 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M7A 2J3

College Park 5th Floor

The Environmental Study Report

An Environmental Study Report (ESR) has been prepared to document the planning and decision making processes that were followed. By this notice, the ESR is being placed on the public record for a 30-day review period (starting March 30, 2023, and ending April 29, 2023) in accordance with the requirements of the Municipal Class EA. The ESR is available for review at the following location:

58 Dalhousie Street

P.O Box 818, Brantford, Ontario, N3T 2J2 519-759-4150

The ESR is also available at www.brantford.ca/newdowntown

Any inquiries, comments and requests for further information may be directed to Gagan Batra, Manager, Business Support and Sustainability (see contact information below). If concerns regarding this project cannot be resolved in discussion with the City of Brantford, a person or party may request that the minister of the Environment Conservation and Parks make an order for the project to comply with Part II of the Environmental Assessment Act (referred to as a Part II Order). Requests for a Part II Order must be received by the minister, at the address noted below, by April 29, 2023. A copy of the request must also be sent to the Director of the Environmental Approval Branch and City of Brantford’s Manager. If no request is received by April 29, 2023, the City of Brantford intends to proceed with the detailed design and construction as outlined in the ESR.

Director, Environmental Approvals Branch MECP

2 St. Clair Avenue West, Floor 12A, Toronto, ON, M4V 1L5

Toll Free: 1-800-461-6290

T: 416-314-8001

Fax: 416-314-8452

Gagan Batra Manager, Business Support and Sustainability City of Brantford, 58 Dalhousie Street, Brantford, ON N3T 2J0

T: 519-759-4150 x 5426

cobdowntown@brantford.ca

Information collected for the study will be used in accordance with the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act. Except for personal information, including your name, address and property location, all comments received throughout the study will become part of the public record and included in project documentation.

Study Area

Tkaronto Music Festival set to make hometown debut

JACE KOBLUN jace@tworowtimes.com

TWO ROW TIMES

Tkaronto Music Festival

(TKMF) continues to cement its legacy as one of the premier Indigenous-centred music festivals in southern Ontario.

TKMF 2023 will celebrate National Indigenous Month from June 21 to June 24 with a four-day festival featuring an exciting roster of celebrated Indigenous performers. According to event organizers, all performances are free and everyone is welcome.

“With a return to live, in-person concerts across Turtle Island, the time to bring the TKMF showcases to life is upon us,” said TKMF spokesperson Ian Maracle in an April press release. “After taking a year off to meticulously plan our live debut concert series we’re finally ready to bring our brand of the live concert experience to Toronto audiences.”

With the continued goal to put the spotlight on both established and emerging Indigenous talent, the decision to continue the free-of-charge model in an open-air market was easy.

“We value our talent and our fans at TKMF,” said Festival Producer

Cynthia Lickers-Sage. “By giving artists a platform where they can attract a large audience while providing a top-shelf experience to concert goers we hope that everyone leaves Tkaronto Music Festival with the same sense of celebration and pride we have for the performers we present.”

Susan Aglukark, Nimkii Osawamick, Plex, TheRa11n, Amanda Rheaume, Semiah Smith and DRMNGNOW are just a few of the performers guests can expect.

TKMF 2023 is supported by The Department of Canadian Heritage, Canada Council for the Arts, Ontario Arts Council, Toronto Arts Council, City of Toronto, Ontario Creates with Presenting partners; Stackt Marketplace, Pride Toronto, Toronto Jazz Festival, Aga Khan Museum and Venus Fest.

Keep an eye out for performance announcements and watch the website for updates on TKMF at www. tkmf.ca.

TKMF 2023 will celebrate National Indigenous Month from June 21 to June 24 with a four-day festival. Submitted photo

Exciting Job Opportunity Of Publishing Coordinator

Company: Turtle’s Back Publishing, a division of the Ontario Native Literacy Coalition (ONLC) Department: Turtle’s Back Publishing (TBP)

Reporting To: ONLC CEO

Status: Full time position with on-board training April 2023-August 2023

Location: Ontario Native Literacy Coalition , P.O. Box 550, suite 407 16 Sunrise Court. Ohsweken, ON N0A 1M0

The Publishing Coordinator is responsible for providing a wide range of administrative duties for Turtle’s Back Publishing, ONLC This is a training role, where the Publishing Coordinator will be trained for five months to take over the lead position of Turtle’s Back Publishing team, authors, and illustrators TBP/ONLC are an Indigenous lead organization.

Responsibilities:

• Through training and understanding of metadata and cataloguing data onto online Book Onix platform Biblioshare.

• Assist in inventory responsibilities and InFl ow software. Filling book orders and creating invoices.

• Assist in minor edits to reprints using Adobe programs (InDesign, Photoshop, Acrobat). Understanding print specifications of publications and communication with printers.

• Marketing efforts to expand reach of publications and other resources and develop new initiatives to increase revenue and impact of Tu rtle’s Back Publishing resources.

• Copy editing of manuscripts, using the knowledge of the Ontario Adult Literacy Curriculum Framework (OALCF), for all levels of adult learners.

• Draft meeting notes and other reports as needed.

• Pull detailed data for repo rts on milestones, deadlines, and progress; assist with synthesizing and comparing data as needed.

• Participate in editorial conference calls and cal ls with vendors relating to editorial projects.

• Serve as the publications department’s liaison to the custo mer, which may require answering phone calls and responding to emails from customers on a daily basis Provide assistance to TBP team as needed to support strategy and growth.

• Perform other duties and special projects as assigned.

Specific training or job experience required includes:

• Undergraduate degree preferably in English or Communications;

• Interest in the publishing industry ;

• A willingness to gain progressive experience in process and system development and business planning;

• Demonstrated decision -making, planning, organizational and time management skills;

• Strong interpersonal, communication and presentation skills;

• Strong interpersonal, communication and presentation skills;

• Excellent analytical, critical thinking, and problem solving skills;

• Excellent analytical, critical thinking, and problem solving skills;

• Strong written and proofreading skills;

• Strong written and proofreading skills;

• Ability to synthesize and condense information into concise accessible language;

• Ability to synthesize and condense information into concise accessible language;

#407-16 Sunrise Court, Ohsweken, ON N0A 1M0 www.onlc.ca Tel 519 445 1539 Toll Free 1.855.368 3072 (within Ontario) Fax 519.668.6653

• Preference will be given to Indigenous Applicants.

• Preference will be given to Indigenous Applicants.

Interested Applicants can apply with resume and cover letter to:

TBP Publishing Coordinator Ontario Native Literacy Coalition

P.O. Box 550 Ohsweken, ON N0A 1M0

We thank all applicants for their interest, however, only those candidates selected for an interview will be contacted.

TKMF is finally coming home with an in-person event

From the TRT Archives: Disruption at Confederacy Council during HDI report

By Nahnda Garlow

The following story was first published by the Two Row Times in 2015. It is being republished as part of an archival series highlighting Two Row Times coverage of governance issues and political history at Six Nations of the Grand River.

SIX NATIONS — HDI

Board Member Aaron Detlor gave the HDI Report for the month, presenting the Niagara Regional Wind Farm and other matters they are working on. They also included documentation regarding audits from the HDI accounts for what money is coming in and what money is being paid

out.

Onondaga Beaver clan speaker Hill spoke to Detlor raising concerns regarding the HDI reporting protocol. Hill said that 28 months ago he was placed in the position of speaker for his clan family at the request of the Onondaga Beaver Chief and Clanmother. At that time he raised concerns that he would like a copy of the Samsung Engagement Agreements but that he never received them and that his questions went unanswered by HDI until documents were leaked to the media and he had an opportunity to raise them at a previous council meeting.

Hill said that he’d asked

for copies of the retainer agreement which indicated the terms of Aaron Detlor being secured as the lawyer for the HCCC and for job descriptions of those employed with the HDI. To date Hill has not received those documents. “It’s a bit more clear with these audits,” said Hill. “But I think we need to establish a better reporting protocol with the HDI because today we get these requests and I haven’t even had time to look at it…”

Detlor then stood up, breaking protocol while Council was in session and began arguing with Hill. “Actually you got it some time ago.” Detlor said that the paperwork was in

at the HDI office for Hill. Detlor continued to stand from the back benches and attempted to engage in an argument with Hill while Hill was presenting the position of the Onondaga Beaver clan.

Detlor claimed in his outburst that what Hill said is incorrect and that anyone, at any time, can come to HDI and look at the documents that Hill was questioning.

Hill answered Detlor by saying, “And I’m saying that it is incorrect.” Hill said he contacted and followed up with HDI to see how the documentation was coming and that he left voice mail messages with no return contact.

Hill and Detlor were

then cut off by a speaker for the Cayugas who addressed the Council. Once that speaker was finished, Hill continued and was then cut off again when he was approached by a speaker from the Mohawk bench. Hill continued still, “These issues are relevant today,” he said.

Numerous attempts were made to get Hill to stop speaking. Hill sat pensive for a moment but then began quietly again. “The situation is not tolerable,” he said. “You cannot silence the voice of a Hoyane or Haodonyoh, who speaks for his clan by protocol. Everyone of us has a right and an obligation to our families to ask questions at any time and its too bad if you don’t want to hear it. You have to hear it. You can’t try to use this protocol to silence a chief. We all have been given rights and responsibilities to our clan and we must follow those rights. Because thats what we were given. I have authority from my clan to say these words. And its your responsibility to hear these words whether you agree with me or not. I have that right to voice those concerns. And now, before I was rudely interupted, I’m going to continue.”

This assertion prompted a group of people to get up and leave the Council.

Hill proceeded to read aloud the Haudenosaunee Confederacy Land Rights Statement, a letter the Council adopted in 2006reminding the Council that they have already declared the Council has specific responsibilities defined by our law to protect the integrity of our land in any land use or rights agreement they engage in.

Hill read aloud, “Land is meant to be shared among and by the people and with the other parts of the web of life. It is not for personal empire building. First and foremost is the concept that we are connected to the land in a spiritual way. The earth is our mother and she provides for our long-term well-being, provided that we continue to honour her

and give thanks for what she has provided.”

More people, notably HDI Director Hazel Hill got up at this point and left the Council.

Hill read the entire statement aloud and reminded the Council that these are the assertions that need to guide the agreements the HDI are working on for the HCCC.

“The Samsung deal does not do that,” said Hill.

Detlor attempted to break protocol at this point and again stood up from the back benches to interrupt Hill. This resulted in a number of women shouting at Detlor, “Sit down or get out,” was yelled and Detlor took his seat.

Another woman from the crowd tried to break protocol to shout at Detlor, but she was asked to sit down and let Hill continue.

When that woman stood up HDI Board Member Brian Doolittle shouted at her calling her one of Hill’s “groupies”.

Hill tried to calm the people. “Let me finish, please. I’ve been waiting 28 months to ask these questions.”

Hill continued saying there was a lot of problems in the Samsung deal and that several chiefs had not seen the documents.

Hill said the biggest concern was Section 17 of the Engagement Agreement which surrenders the application of Haudenosaunee Law on Six Nations territory. “To me that is unacceptable, said Hill. “We can never, ever put our lands under provincial jurisdiction under any conditions because this is what we said in this land statement. It has to be under our law. Those agreements have to respect that.”

The conversation went back and forth and HDI agreed to have additional meetings with Hill and any other chiefs to have an opportunity to voice the concerns of their clan families with the work HDI is doing.

The following is the Land Rights Statement

read aloud in Council by Hill:

The Council of Chiefs of the Haudenosaunee, Grand River Territory, wish to affirm and clarify our land rights in the tract confirmed by Governor Frederick Haldimand on October 25, 1784. In making this statement, the Council of Chiefs wants to make it clear that we hold certain land ethics and principles that must be respected in any agreements on land use or occupation. The Haudenosaunee, and its governing authority, have inherited the rights to land from time immemorial. Land is a birthright, essential to the expression of our culture.

With these land rights come specific responsibilities that have been defined by our law, from our Creation Story, the Original Instructions, the Kaianeren:kowa (Great Law of Peace) and Kariwiio (Good Message). Land is envisioned as Sewatokwa’tshera’t, (the Dish with One Spoon); this means that we can all take from the land what we need to feed, house and care for our families, but we also must assure that the land remains healthy enough to provide for the coming generations. Land is meant to be shared among and by the people and with the other parts of the web of life. It is not for personal empire building.

First and foremost is the concept that we are connected to the land in a spiritual way. The earth is our mother and she provides for our long-term well-being, provided that we continue to honour her and give thanks for what she has provided.

We Haudenosaunee have upheld our tradition of giving thanks through ceremony, and in the cultural practices that manifest our beliefs, values, traditions and laws. Planting, cultivating, harvesting, gathering, hunting, and fishing also have spiritual aspects that must be respected and perpetuated if the land is to provide for our future generations, and the future generations of

our neighbours. We are stewards. Our spiritual obligation is part of that stewardship.

Second, according to our law, the land is not private property that can be owned by any individual.

In our worldview, land is a collective right. It is held in common, for the benefit of all. The land is actually a sacred trust, placed in our care, for the sake of the coming generations. We must protect the land. We must draw strength and healing from the land. If an individual, family or clan has the exclusive right to use and occupy land, they also have a stewardship responsibility to respect and join in the community’s right to protect the land from abuse.

We have a duty to utilize the land in certain ways that advance our Original Instructions. All must take responsibility for the health of our Mother.

Our ancestors faced overwhelming odds and relentless pressure to give up our lands. We all know that unscrupulous measures were employed to seduce our ancestors into “selling” the land. At other times, outright fraud took place, as was acknowledged in the Royal Proclamation of 1763. The agreements we recognize reflect an intention to share land, and to lease land, within the context of the Covenant Chain relationship that our nations maintain with the Crown.

Our wampum belts, treaty council documents and oral history inform us that we always retained the right to hunt, fish, and gather upon all of our lands. This reflects the spirit of sharing that we expect to continue, and is another example of the Dish with One Spoon.

We seek justice in our long-standing land rights issues. We seek an accurate accounting of the use and investment of the funds held by the Crown on our behalf, and land transactions conducted by the Crown involving our lands. For nearly two hundred years our Chiefs have been asking for such accounting and justice.

Generations of our elders have passed away with these matters unresolved. It is time to end the injustice.

Our faith in the Canadian people is strong, as we feel that the majority of Canadians also want to see justice on these matters. However, their elected representatives and public servants have failed to act effectively to address and resolve these matters. It is time to lift the cloud of denial and to wipe away the politics that darken the vision of the future. It is time we are heard clearly, and our cases should be addressed with utmost good faith and respect. We firmly believe that if we have respect and trust, we will find mutually agreeable solutions that will reflect our long-standing friendship

We want the land that is ours. We are not interested in approving fraudulent dispossessions of the past. We are not interested in selling land. We want the Crown to keep its obligations to treaties, and ensure all Crown governments – federal, provincial and municipal – are partners in those obligations. We want an honourable relationship with Canada.

That relationship, however, must be based on the principles that were set in place when our original relationship with the Crown was created. That is the rule of law that we seek. It involves the first law of Canada - the law that Canada inherited from both France and Britain. It is the law of nations to respect the treaties, to not steal land, or take advantage of indigenous peoples by legal trickery. As the Supreme Court of Canada has frequently stated, where treaties are involved, the honour of the Crown is always at stake.

We seek to renew the existing relationship that we had with Crown prior to 1924. That relationship is symbolized by the Tehontatenentsonterontahkwa (“The thing by which they link arms”) also known as the Silver Covenant Chain of Peace and Friendship. Our

ancestors met repeatedly to repolish that chain, to renew its commitments, to reaffirm our friendship and to make sure that the future generations could live in peace, and allow the land to provide its bounty for the well-being of all of the people. The Covenant Chain symbolizes our treaty relationship, also symbolized by Tekani Teyothata’tye Kaswénta (Two Row Wampum) which affirms the inherent sovereignty and distinctness of our governments. An essential part of the relationship is our commitment to resolve matters through good-faith negotiation between our governments, including consultation on any plans which might affect the other government or its people.

In any land issues, we want it understood that the following principles will govern any actions taken by the Haudenosaunee Council of Chiefs of the Grand River Territory:

1) The land is sacred to us. It defines our identi-

ties, belief system, languages and way of life.

2) We hold the aboriginal and treaty title to our lands collectively.

3) Our treaty relationship with the Crown is still alive and in force and directs our conduct in our relationship to Canada. Within this relationship, the terms of the treaties continue to bind both our government and the Crown.

4) We require a careful accounting for the Crown’s dealing with our lands, and the return of any lands that were improperly or illegally taken from our ancestors.

5) We require an accounting for the funds administered or held by the Crown for the Six Nations people, and restitution of any funds unaccounted for.

6) It is not only within the context of our treaty relationship with the Crown that we see justification for such accounting and restitution. Canadian and international law is clear on the right of the

Haudenosaunee to seek justice on these matters.

7) In any agreements with the Crown concerning land our goal is to promote and protect a viable economy for our people on our land – an economy that will be culturally appropriate, environmentally sustainable, and not injurious to our people and our neighbours.

Our fundamental approach is that Six Nations lands will come under the jurisdiction, management and control of Six Nations people. The federal and provincial governments must not impose jurisdictional, policing, taxation, and/or economic activities as part of the land rights settlement.

Our people, our laws, and our government have survived by being thoughtful, respectful, diligent and practical. In our relations with the Crown, and in any negotiations concerning land and the resolution of land-related issues, we will continue to apply those principles.

know the score.

ALL semi-finals and championship to be played in Toronto

By TRT Staff with notes from arenalacrosseleague.ca

SIX NATIONS — Eastern Arena Lacrosse League games continued this past weekend with the Six Nations Snipers in sixth place and the Ohsweken Bears playing away from home as the league finalists prepare for semi-finals this weekend were determined.

On Saturday at the Toronto Rock Athletic Centre (TRAC) in Oakville, the Peterborough Tim-bermen succumbed to the Toronto Monarchs 16-10.

The Toronto Monarchs jumped out to a 5-0 lead and never looked back. Led by Jordan Dance (4g,6a) the Monarchs controlled the majority of play, and when Peterborough would mount an attack Bailey Brown stood tall in the Toronto net. Special teams played a big part in this game with Toronto scoring 4 power-play goals, while the Timbermen scored 3, also scoring a short-handed tally.

Jordan Dance (4g,6a), Joel Taylor (2g,4a), and Dan Williams (2g,4a) led the way for Toron-to. The Monarchs showed their balanced attack having eight different scorers in the game. Bai-ley Brown was superb in net making 36 saves.

Riley Curtis (4g,1a), Cole Hanrahan (2g,1a), and Jack MacAlpine (2g,1a) led the offence for Pe-terborough. Ethan Woods was solid in the Timbermen net making 37 saves.

While on Sunday at the Memorial Arena in Brampton, the Six Nations Snipers took care of the Oshawa Outlaws 15-13. Six Nations jumped out to a 5-0 lead with an aggressive start to the game. The Outlaws, showing their resolve, put up a strong fight tying the game 7-7 in the second quarter. The Snipers finished the half with two late goals for a 9-7 halftime lead. The second half

had the teams ex-change goals throughout the half with the Snipers coming out on top for a 15-13 upset victory.

Justin Porga (2g,4a), Todd Thomas Jr. (2g,2a), and Mike McGlaughlin (3g,0a) led the offense for the Snipers, with Vern Hill (1g,5a) and Brent Longboat (1g,3a) being the setup men. Dusty Hill was spectacular in net facing 55 shots, making 42 saves.

The Outlaws were led by Cam Milligan (4g,3a), Geoff Mcnulty (3g,2a), and Josh Gilray (2g,2a), with John St. John (1g,8a) being the playmaker. Jackson Brown was spectacular in relief of Deacan Knott in net making 43 saves on 53

shots.

Dustin Hill was awarded a first place star and Justin Porga was awarded a third.

Later in the day, the Paris RiverWolves defeated the Whitby Steelhawks 18-17 in overtime.

A game that went back and forth all day long, with no team jumping out to a big lead. There were ten seperate ties throughout the game, including a beautiful set play by Paris to tie the game with just 0:23 seconds left in the fourth quarter. In overtime Andy Campbell converted a Marley Angus feed at 1:44 to send the underdog RiverWolves to the next round.

Paris was led by Kyle Dawson (4g,2a), Andy Campbell (3g,3a), Eric Lemire (2g,3a), and Alex Kew (2g,2a) with Marley Angus (1g,6a) as the setup man.

Devin Pipher (4g,6a), Liam Osbourne (6g,1a), and Trent Boyd (3g,2a) led the offense for Whitby, with Tyler Goodchild (0g,5a) as the setup man. Matt Boissoneault was dominant on faceoffs for Whitby all game.

The last game of the day saw the Ohsweken Bears fall to the Brampton Express 15-13, mimick-ing a revered score for the Snipers game.

The Ohsweken Bears jumped out to 2-0 and

5-2 leads in the first half before the Express started rolling. Chris Attwood (7g,1a) put the Bears on his back leading the Ohsweken charge. Bramp-ton finally got rolling in the second quarter putting together a five goal run, carrying a 9-7 lead at the half. Give the Bears credit, they hung on throughout the second half. Ohsweken tied the game on four seperate occasions, trading goals with Brampton throughout the half. With under 6:00 to play in the fourth, Brampton scored twice in 0:31 seconds to take the lead, and were able to hold on for the 15-13 win.

Mitchell Geoffrey (4g,2a), Sam Dramnitzke (4g,2a), Ryan Campbell (2g,4a), and Mikael Chullin (2g,2a) led the way for Brampton, with Zac Sunderland (0g,7a) being the playmaker.

Chris Attwood (7g,1a) led the Ohsweken attack, with help from Heron Snow (2g,1a), James Whiteford (1g,3a), Kaine Kettle (1g,2a), Oakley Thomas (1g,2a), and Danton Miller (1g,1a).

Chris Attwood was awarded a first place star.

The two winners of the matches: either the Snipers, Monarchs, RiverWolves or Express, will play the championship game Saturday, April 8 at 7 p.m., at the TRAC.

OMHA Champions U15 Blackhawks

SIX NATIONS — The last time a Six Nations Minor Hockey team earned and OMHA cup was in 2007. But just yesterday, the Six Nations U15 Blackhawks brought it home with a victory parade in Ohsweken in the Tier 2 Division. Photo submitted.

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PHOTO BY X

Haudenosaunee Sports Development Group begins sponsorship program

are currently attending an NCAA Division I, II, III or NJCAA or Prep school in the United States and Canada.

Jazlynne Martin, Mohawk – Grand River playing Division II softball for D’Youville University in Buffalo, New York.

SIX NATIONS — The Haudenosaunee Sports Development Group

(HSDG) is positioning itself to be catalyst of change for Indigenous youth and sports. At HSDG it is our hope to provide young student-athletes and their families with a way to raise, support and nurture their young student athletes to do well scholastically in their post-secondary studies and to compete in their chosen sport.

“One key significance to any student-athlete is having a good support system in place to help them to face struggles and to count their victories, on and off the floor, as they further their studies and play sports at the collegiate, and for some at the professional and international level,” reads the HSDG Facebook page.

HSDG will contribute a Name, Image or Likeness (NIL) sponsorship to eligible participants that

Pro-Fit Corvairs look for sweet vengeance

The purpose of this program, Lighting the Pathways to Success, is to provide financial support to eligible Haudenosaunee student-athletes enrolled in an eligible post-secondary program of study in a NCAA Division I, II, III or NJCAA or Prep school.

The Recipients for HSDG’s Lighting the Pathways to Success NIL Sponsorship program are as follows: Rycol Davis, Mohawk – Grand River playing Division I hockey for McKendree University in Lebanon, Illonois.

Teegan Henry, Cattaraugus – Grand River playing Jr. College lacrosse for Genesee Community College in Western New York.

Makenna Hill, Mohawk – Grand River playing Division I softball for Converse University in Spartanburg, South Carolina.

Daylin John, Tuscarora – Fort Erie playing Prep School lacrosse for The Bolles School in Jacksonville, Florida.

Matthew Miller, Mohawk – Grand River playing Division I lacrosse for Walsh University in North Canton, Ohio. Avery Seneca Steinbach-Parker – Tonawanda playing Jr College lacrosse for Genesee Community College in Western New York.

Kalani Thomas, Mohawk – Grand River playing Jr. College basketball for Monroe Community College in Western New York.

Amos Seneca Whitcomb – Allegany playing Division I lacrosse for University of Albany in Albany, New York

The HSDG announced the launch of the NIL sponsorship program in December 2022. The first application round came to an end on Jan. 6. The group has said that a second round of applications will follow depending on the availability of funds. The group will offer $100,000 to its first class of recipients, each of which will receive a maximum of $5,000.

Kalani Thomas, Mohawk. FILE

CALEDONIA — The Caledonia Pro-Fit Corvairs continued fighting for the Sutherland Cup this past week. In the running for the Golden Horseshoe Conference Finals, the Corvairs saw some great losses with the hope of redeeming themselves this Wednesday, April 5, at 7:30 p.m., in Game 4, within their home arena, the Haldimand Community Centre. Last Thursday, they succumbed to the Hamilton Kitty Bee’s 6-3, then 2-4 on Saturday, and 1-6 on Sunday. This puts them in a dangerous deficit, but the hope to make a come back is strong. SUBMITTED

By TRT Staff with notes from NLL.com

As Week 17 gets underway within the National Lacrosse League, transactions from Week 18 are visible with standings making showing solid effort in both the Eastern and Western Conferences.

The Toronto Rock took over the top spot of the Eastern conference, followed by the dethroned Buffalo Bandits, Rochester Nighthawks, Halifax Thunderbirds, Philadelphia Wings, Georgia Swarm, New York Riptide and the Albany FireWolves. In the West, the San Diego Seals still sit on top, followed by

NLL Transactions for Week 19

Nick Scott to the Practice Player List.

The Halifax Thunderbirds placed Jake Withers on the Injured Reserve List from the Active Roster and placed Practice Player Brayden Hill on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List.

On March 31: The Calgary Roughnecks placed Tyler Pace on the Short Term Hold Out List from the Active Roster, placed Practice Player Dylan McIntosh on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List, placed Jeff Cornwall on the Injured Reserve List from the Active Roster and placed Practice Player Nick Scott on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List. The Colorado Mammoth placed John Lintz on the Active Roster from the Injured Reserve List and placed Practice Player Tyler Garrison on the

Practice Player List from the Active Roster. The Las Vegas Desert Dogs placed Emerson Clark on the Short Term Hold Out List from the Active Roster, placed Jacob Ruest on the Short Term Hold Out List from the Active Roster, placed Practice Player Nick Ellerton on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List, and placed Practice Player Peytin Wallace on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List. The Rochester Knighthawks released Joe Post from the Active Roster, signed Joe Post to the Practice Player List, placed Practice Player Curtis Romanchych on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List, removed the Practice Player Tag on Curtis Romanchych and have retained him on the Active Roster, placed Thomas Hoggarth on the Injured Reserve List from

SIX NATIONS POLICE

Constable - Contract Position

the Active Roster, and placed Curtis Knight on the Active Roster from the Injured Reserve List.

On April 1: The Buffalo Bandits placed Chase Fraser on the Injured Reserve List from the Active Roster and placed Practice Player Sam La Roue on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List. The Philadelphia Wings signed Brock Sorensen to a one year agreement and placed Brock Sorensen on the Evaluation List from the Physically Unable to Perform List. The Saskatchewan Rush have placed Eric Penney on the Injured Reserve List from the Active Roster and placed Practice Player Laine Hruska on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List.

Applications for a contract position for Constable with the Six Nations Police are now being called for.

All applicants must fill out a standard application form available at the Six Nations Police Station.

CRITERIA for applicants are as follows:

Minimum Requirements to be considered for a career in First Nations Policing with the Six Nations Police Service, you must:

- Be 19 years of age or over and able to provide an official birth certificate or proof of age;

- Be physically and mentally able to perform the duties of the position having regard to your own safety and the safety of members of the public

- Have successfully completed at least 4 years of Secondary School education or its equivalent (official transcripts and diplomas will be required)

- Be of good moral character and habits, meaning that you are an individual other people would consider being trustworthy and having integrity, with no criminal record;

- certified by a physician to be fit for duty as a front line Six Nations Police Constable and able to pass physical tests which are required in the recruiting process

- Possess a valid driver’s license with no more than 6 accumulated demerit points, permitting you to drive an automobile in Ontario with full driving privileges

- Be able to pass a security clearance as well as background investigation, credit card and reference checks

If you have any criminal convictions under a Federal Statute you must obtain a pardon.

Special Requirements – for the Six Nations Police Service, in order to address the unique and at times urgent needs of the Six Nations of the Grand River Community and Haudenosaunee culture, additional requirements include:

the Calgary Roughnecks, Panther City Lacrosse, Colorado Mammoth, Sas-katchewan Rush, Las Vegas Desert Dogs and Vancouver Warriors. As for internal movement:

On March 28: The Albany FireWolves removed the Practice Player Tag on Jackson Reid and have retained him on the Active Roster, released Zac Tucci from the Active Roster and re-moved Practice Player Aaron Forster on the Active Roster from the Practice Player List. The New York Riptide placed Brent Noseworthy on the Injured Reserve List from the Active Roster, placed Andrew Borgatti on the

Active Roster from the Injured Reserve List and placed Kevin Orleman on the Injured Reserve List-Season Ending.

On March 29: The Albany FireWolves signed Jonah Boehm to the Practice Player List. The Panther City Lacrosse Club released Sam Clare from the Evaluation List. The Vancouver Warriors removed the Practice Player Tag on Aidan Solomon and have retained him on the Active Roster.

On March 30: The Calgary Roughnecks removed the Practice Player Tag on Chris Willman and have retained him on the Active Roster and signed

- Extensive knowledge of the unique social dynamics of the Six Nations of the Grand River Territory

- A sound understanding of Haudenosaunee culture, customs, traditions and social political issues of the Six Nations of the Grand River

- Six Nations of the Grand River Band Membership/Citizenship and residency is considered a preferred asset and

- Membership or extensive working experience with any Indigenous Nation will also be considered an asset

Desirable Qualifications:

· Six Nations Band member preferred

Assets:

· Previous policing related experience

· Law and security courses, etc.

Closing Date: Applications must be received by 3:00 p.m. May 4, 2023

Applications in complete form are to be mailed or hand delivered to:

Six Nations Police P.O. Box 758

2112 4th Line Road

Ohsweken, Ontario

N0A 1M0

Attention: Policing Administrator

For further information, please contact the Policing Administrator at 519-445-4191.

COVID-19 Restrictions will be exercised.

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PHOTO BY X

SIX NATIONS COUNCIL

SIX NATIONS AND NEW CREDIT

The GREAT Job Board is brought to you by Employment Ontario and Service Canada. Only local positions are posted in the paper. For more positions in the surrounding area, visit our job board at www.greatsn.com! To apply for funding, book your intake appointment with an ETC by calling 519-445-2222 (Toll-Free long distance at 1-888 218-8230 or email us at info@greatsn.com.

Easter Message

Easter and The Old Rugged Cross

Easter what a beautiful time of the year! A time in which the season springs forth life. The flowers, leaves and all the wild plants are resurrected from their winter hiatus. You see they didn’t die even though they may have looked the part, no they just went to sleep. So it is with the souls of man who have turned to the Living God. They shall resurrect again. Easter is the time when Christ Jesus rose triumphantly, conquering death, hell and the grave! As we look at each letter which spells Easter, I pray it will be made clear in your heart what Easter is really all about.

E - Eternal God with whom all who believe in His only begotten Son Jesus will share His glory for all eternity.

A - Advocate our “Go Between” who delivers our prayers up to our Heavenly Father, our Creator, speaking on our behalf.

S - Saviour, Jesus our Lord who died on a hilled called Calvary. A place of death and anguish, a place of desolation. Where He was nailed to the cross for the sins of the world.

T - Triumphant King Jesus was buried in a tomb and after three days rose up from the grave! Jesus has victory over death, hell and the grave. In His triumphant victory He brings freedom to all who believe.

E - Eternal King, one day soon He will come again for His saints. Today Jesus Christ is King in the hearts of all who have been Born Again (asked Jesus into their heart).

R - Redeemer, Jesus who with His precious blood paid our sin debt, which we can not pay on our own.

Easter what a special time of year. Today if you want to learn more about this beautiful time and what Christ Jesus the Lord can do, please don’t hesitate to ask.

Pastor Butch Johnson

Medina Baptist Church

Obituaries

Howick: Ava Violet

March 8, 2013 - March 13, 2023

It is with deepest sadness that we have to say goodbye to our Violet Angel, Ava Violet Howick. Ava will be deeply missed by her siblings, Alyssa, Nathan, Madison, C.J., Joshawa, Owen, Bethany, Bonnie, Desiree, Taylor, and Chase; parents, mama and dad, Norma & Marshall Howick; grandmas, Julia, Linda, Margret, Bonnie, and Donna and grandpas, Marshall, Don, and George. The family would like to extend an invitation to all to attend a celebration of life for Violet Angel at Hyde and Mott Chapel, R.H.B. Anderson Funeral Homes Ltd., 60 Main St S., Hagersville on Saturday April 8 at11 a.m. A luncheon to follow at the Community Center at New Credit. www.rhbanderson.com

MARTIN: Tiffany Marie July 6, 1986 - March 27, 2023

With heavy hearts we announce the passing of Gohsęnaogwęh (Tiffany Martin) on March 27, 2023 as she begins her journey to join the creator, to be with her father, Ronnie. Gohsęnaogwęh leaves behind her children, Hoha’di:yo, Hohahiyohsdōhogwe, Hohwęjiyohsdoh, and E:węnha:’. Daughter of Lisa Martin and late Ronnie “Bear” Martin Jr. (Cecile) and granddaughter of Delma “Barb” Martin, Jim & Jill Halyk, and late Sharron & John Haig. Sister of Sky, late Sydney, Ryan, Vanessa (Cole), Nodin & Veronica. Niece of Dawn (Dave) and Bridget. Close cousins of late Alicia, Kayla, Tyler, Nikki & Clay Martin. As well Courtney, Kassandra, Krysta, and many, many other relatives and friends.

Wake will be on Friday, March 31st 2023 at 959 Third Line, Ohsweken, with burial to follow on Saturday April 1st, 2023 at Lower Cayuga Longhouse for 11:00am (3314 Fifth Line, Ohsweken). Reception will be held at the Gathering Place. Food and donations can be dropped at at 959 Third Line, Ohsweken. Arrangements by Styres Funeral Home, Ohsweken. www.rhbanderson.com

Farmer looking to rent land, corn, soybeans wheat, We Pay Big Bucks. Also looking for organic farming. Ph: 289 260-2452.

Peacefully and surrounded by her family, our cherished wife, mother, grandmother, sister, aunt, mother-in-law, and step mother has passed away in her 66th year.

Survived by her husband of 25 years, Paul Grahame Isaac (Brant Masonic District and IBEW); daughters Gaehyahawih (Josh Jamieson), Ashley Bomberry, and Crystal Cayuga; step children Bradley Bomberry (Brook), Paul Isaac Jr, and Courtney Bomberry; grandchildren (her SWAG boys) Sean Cayuga, Wehnihsriyo Jamieson, Ascension Sandy, Ganedase Jamieson, Lily Bomberry, Autumn Bomberry and Miss Reign; brothers and sisters Dave Hill Morrison, Mark Bradley (Candy), Shelley Bradley, Marcia-Jo Johnson, and Sandy Hill. Predeceased by her loving parents

Donald Lee Jacobs-Bradley and Barbara Ann Bradley (Hill), and parent in-laws Ruth

A. and Cameron P. Isaac; brothers Allan Donald Bradley, Larry Matthew Bradley, sister Dawn Michelle Williams (nee Bradley) and brother-in-law Chuck Johnson Sr. Lovingly remembered by many special friends, several aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, including Patricia Cayuga and extended Jacobs family in Tuscarora. Lorraine’s family would like to thank the Home and Community Care team (Nikkia Sandy, Summer Hill), Palliative Team (Caroline Taylor-Hill), Paramedical team (Tara and Josslyn), and Care Partners for treating our beautiful Lorraine with utmost care and respect. We would also like to thank Dr. East, Dr. Trevor, and Jim Barton. We would like to give a special thank you to sister Shelley and step-son Paul Jr for all of your love and care. In lieu of flowers, the family would like to ask to please make a donation to Lorraine’s most passionate Elder Programs: Senior’s make-a-wish (Stephanie Hill) and Iroquois Lodge.

Resting at Styres Funeral Home in Ohsweken on Monday, April 3 from 5-9pm and Tuesday, April 4 until funeral service at 1pm. Cremation to follow. www.rhbanderson.com

Pie Sale

Lorraine “Chino” Marie Isaac (nee Bradley) August 10, 1956 – April 1, 2023

CLUES ACROSS

1. Colas

7. Single-celled animals

13. The rear car of a train

14. Endangered

16. It cools your home

17. Helper

19. “The First State”

20. More aged

22. Partner to cheese

23. Type of wrap

25. From a distance

26. Satisfies

28. “Dallas Buyers’ Club” actor Jared

29. God of battle (Scandinavian)

30. Cooking utensil

31. Soviet Socialist Republic

33. Able to perform

34. Big man on campus

36. Second epoch of the Tertiary period

38. Porticos

40. Alban and Peter are two

41. Gets up

43. Humble request for help

44. One-thousandth of an inch (abbr.)

45. Unhappy

47. Hint or indication

48. A way to plead

51. Digits

53. Broadway actress Daisy

55. Jewish calendar month

56. Author Gore __

58. Peacock network

59. White poplar

60. Promotional material

61. A period of calm

64. Take too much

65. Emit energy

67. Something you can take

69. Mended with yarn

70. Inconsistent

CLUES DOWN

1. Calm down

2. One quintillion bytes (abbr.)

3. One who pretends

4. Hang glide

5. Distinctive practice

6. Mariner

7. Peaks

8. Queens ballplayer

9. Geological times

10. Twofold

11. Atomic #13

12. Tranquillizing

13. Metric weight unit

15. Indicates

18. Unwanted rodent

21. Partly cooked with hot water

24. One who can be recommended

26. Resembles a bag or pouch

27. Midway between south

Answers for April 5th, 2023 Crossword Puzzle

and southeast

30. Sets up for a photo

32. California white oak

35. More (Spanish)

37. After B

38. Decorated tea urn

39. Island

42. Car mechanics group

43. Wordplay joke

46. Cut a rug

47. Prickly plant

49. Speech in praise of a deceased person

50. European buzzard

52. Influential linguist

54. West African languages

55. Siskel’s partner

57. Skinny

59. Oblong pulpit

62. Consumed

63. Small, mischievous sprite

66. Powerful lawyer

68. Indicates position

SUDOKU

ARIES – Mar 21/Apr 20

A message from a romantic partner or business associate could come this week, Aries. Keep a watchful eye on your email inbox or the regular mail.

TAURUS – Apr 21/May 21

Taurus, this week you can expect to have an interesting conversation with someone about a topic you’re fond of discussing. It could spark a new friendship.

GEMINI – May 22/Jun 21

You likely will have a lot of physical and mental energy this week, Gemini. Figure out a project you can stand behind and put that energy to good use.

CANCER – Jun 22/Jul 22

Keep an eye on the front door, Cancer. A delivery may be coming your way in the next few days. It’s not something you ordered, but could be a gift.

LEO – Jul 23/Aug 23

Leo, you could use a diversion this week. When a friend seeks your company, this can be the perfect way to direct your mind somewhere else.

VIRGO – Aug 24/Sept 22

Virgo, financial paperwork could take up some of your time in the days to come. It’s a necessary evil to keep things on track. Seek help from someone else if you get frustrated.

LIBRA – Sept 23/Oct 23

Speaking with someone else on a fascinating subject triggers your curious side, Libra. You may want to take a class or pursue this subject in another way.

SCORPIO – Oct 24/Nov 22

Your emotions might get the better of you this week, Scorpio. Try to focus attention onto something that doesn’t trigger negative feelings. Distraction could be the key.

SAGITTARIUS – Nov 23/Dec 21

Stimulating social occasions are what you need right now, Sagittarius. Such get-togethers will introduce you to new people and new ideas that can inspire.

CAPRICORN – Dec 22/Jan 20

Capricorn, this week you have an opportunity to impress others and get them talking, likely changing their opinions of you. Make every effort to win others over.

AQUARIUS – Jan 21/Feb 18

It’s important to keep in touch with friends even if they have moved away, Aquarius. Phone calls, texts and video chats can bridge the gap created by physical distance.

PISCES – Feb 19/Mar 20

Pisces, tally up your investments because they could be worth more than you think, especially if you are invested in real estate.

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•Mustbesubmittedtothenewspaperby12pm.,Tuesday,April 11th.50GenerationsDrive,Suite124,Box1,Ohsweken,ON

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