ABPL20033 Construction Analysis - Assignment 3 by Tyler Mcharry

ABPL20033 - Construction Analysis, Semester 2 - 2020 Dr Alberto Pugnale, Subject coordinator Dr Sofia Colabella, Senior Tutor Dion Keech, Tutor Tyler McHarry, 1083114, 16 August 2020 Tutorial 20 Lake Wendouree House ASSIGNMENT 3

FLIPBOOK SECTION 3D: Layers of information

Completed Lake Wendouree House, photo courtesy of John Wardle Architects

LAYER 01

SL82 (8mm steel ribbed bars in 200mm mesh) on plastic bar chairs with 20mm cover

Reinforcement

Structural systems, below ground How did the site conditions affect the design of the house? During the design process and before any structural drawings have been completed, a soil report is conducted on the site to determine the strength and composition of the site. From this report, a waffle raft slab with blinding concrete 200mm minimum into the clay below is decided upon in order to provide the best base upon which to construct the house. Additionally, the fact that the site has access at both front and rear aids in the ease of constructing this concrete slab.

SL62 (6mm steel ribbed bars in 200mm mesh) on plastic bar chairs with 40mm cover N16 ribbed steel bars

In Slab

200 x 200 steel cast in plates Polystyrene Waffle Pods 1090 x 1090 x 300 (typical)

Structural Systems (below ground)

Slab Material

50mm high density tongue and groove polystyrene insulation (below cellar) Boral Envirocrete (25MPa pressure rated)

Below Slab (in ground)

Due to the cool climate of Ballarat, hydronic heating is installed in the slab to help keep a comfortable temperature within the spaces of the house.

Compacted engineered fill with 50mm sand bed above 50mm sand bed

From an architectural design point of view, the staff at John Wardle Architects were presented with a flat site. While this could simplify a design somewhat, they decided to create some artificial rise and fall within the landscape to complement the pavilion style forms of the building itself.

Boral Envirocrete slab finish

N16 ribbed steel reinforcing bars

SL62 steel reinforcing mesh on hydronic coils on SL82 steel reinforcing mesh on 70mm bar chairs

Polystyrene Waffle Pods on 0.2mm polyethelene moisture barrier Compacted Engineered Fill with 50mm sand bed above Boral Envirocrete blinding concrete 200mm into stiff clay

LAYER 02

Vertical

Structural systems, above ground How does the structure define the composition of architectural form and space? The structural systems in this house involve both timber and steel, and define some spaces (particularly downstairs). However, more prominent is the way in which the architectural forms and space define the structure which is required. Cantilevered overhangs, void spaces and large floor to ceiling windows require specific steel structures, which are designed by the structural engineer in such a way which conveys the full desired architectural impact.

Structural Systems (above ground)

Masonry

90 x 190 x 390 concrete blocks

Timber

Structural Timber Stud Walls (120x45 timber used to form studs and noggings) with plywood or steel cross bracing to engineerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s requirements

Steel

Steel columns (89 x 89 x 6 SHS and 150 x 100 x 9 RHS predominately), welded to cast in plates in slab.

Steel

Steel beams (250 PFC and 350 PFC predominately), bolted via capping plates to top of steel columns Timber Long Reach Floor Trusses (prefabricated from 90x45 timber, 530 and 350 deep at 600cts)

Horizontal Timber

19mm yellow-tongue timber particle board flooring Timber Roof Trusses (Prefab using 90x45 timber, fastened with gang nail plates)

Timber roof trusses prefabricated using 90 x 45 timber, fastened together with gang nail plates 120mm thick structural timber stud walls

19mm yellow-tongue timber particle board flooring 250 PFC Steel Beam (350PFC also common throughout) Timber roof trusses prefabricated using 90 x 45 timber, 530mm deep at 600 cts. 350mm deep also used in the build 150 x 100 RHS Steel Column (89 x 89 SHS also common)

90 x 190 x 390 Series Grey concrete blockwork

LAYER 03

Single glazed 1000mm high glass balustrade

Internal (non-load bearing) partitions

Internal Partitions

How do the internal partitions organise life inside the building? The internal partitions within this structure fall under two main categories, transparent and opaque. The opaque partitions mainly include walls but also the majority of the doors within the structure, and divide building into individual spaces with multiple different progammes. These partitions provide both a strong visual and thermal threshold, separating the spaces. In contrast, the transparent and visually permeable partitions in the form of glass balustrades and glass doors (between the kitchen and conservatory) provide a thermal barrier and/or physical barrier whist maintaining visual connection between spaces. Both of these types of partitions can be seen in the form of doors, which depending on being open or closed can vary the strength of the threshold formed between spaces. Additionally, the void space and stairwell provide varying levels of connection between the two storeys of the home.

Non-structural brick wall, stretcher bond, raked joint

Transparent

Double glazed clear glass interior window (Cellar) Single glazed Kitchen/Conservatory glass pivot door Internal timber pivot doors

Opaque

Polystyrene Insulated (cellar) Hollow (elsewhere)

Non structural timber stud walls (90x45 timber used to form studs and noggings) with plywood or steel cross bracing to engineerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s detail 13mm plasterboard screwed to studs, finished with plaster filler and painted in Dulux â&#x20AC;&#x153;White Duckâ&#x20AC;?, half strength (typical) 110 x 76 x 230 brickwork: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Grampian Blue Dark Blendâ&#x20AC;? from Krause Bricks, stretcher bond, raked joint, mid gray mortar colour. Non structural brickwork throughout, both double and single skin

13mm thick plasterboard screwed to studs and finished

Single glazed glass balustrade

90mm thick non-structural timber stud walls

Single glazed glass pivot door

Polystyrene insulated pivot door

Internal doors

Internal walls

LAYER 04

Environmental Protections

2x60mm or 1x90mm thick Bradford Soundscreen Plus batts, R-Value 2x1.6 and 2.5 respectively. Within stud walls

Thermal Protection

Environmental Protections

Water Management

LIA

OU GR

Water Protection

100mm diameter VM Zinc (matching cladding) downpipes with featured rainheads direct water to underground rainwater tank Colourbond Ultra/VM Zinc box and eaves gutters throughout roof system direct water run off to downpipes Colourbond flashing (various shapes/sizes) around external edges, prevents water from entering the internal structure of building. Dupont Tyvek Home Wrap: Breathable Sarking Layer under cladding on exterior walls. Prevents moisture entering building envelope

210mm thick Bradford Gold ceiling batts used in ceiling spaces. R value 4.1

LIA

OU GR

Breathable Sarking: Dupont Tyvek Home Wrap

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

Water Collection

Low E double glazed units (typical), 6mm thick sheets either side of a 12mm Argon gap in line with AS1288. Lowers heat exchange

60mm thick Bradford Anticon Roof Blanket (R=1.3)

60mm thick Bradford Anticon Roof Blanket (reflective insulation), R-Value 1.3, reflective side down over timber roof battens

Windows

210mm thick Bradford Gold ceiling batts, R=4.1. Placed in ceilings

50mm high density tongue and groove polystyrene complements insulation batts around cellar. Also placed within slab below cellar

How did the architect approach the design of environmental protections? Do the elevations express of hide environmental protections? In general, the environmental protections of the home are intentionally hidden by the architect. Elements such as insulation and sarking are hidden by their very nature, within the confines of the wall structures. However, elements such as gutters and flashing are deliberately hidden behind walls, with the exception being the large exposed downpipes and rainheads seen around the home. These are required to be outside the eaves gutters in order to prevent unwanted overflow into the structure, and hence are made feature of on the facade. Additional environmental protections include the double glazed windows for thermal efficiency, and the more active systems involving both internal and external blinds.

Colourbond Ultra eaves gutter collects water runoff from roof. Colourbond Dune flashings prevent this water from entering building envelope

Insulation

Bradford Soundscreen Plus (2x60mm or 1x90mm) in all timber stud walls

50mm high density tongue and groove polystyrene complements Soundscreen insulation batts around cellar

Polystyrene Waffle Pods provide very minor insulative qualities. However high density polystyrene beneath cellar helps control temperature where it is most important

LAYER 05

Source Electrical

Mechanical and Electrical Systems

General Power Outlets (GPOs) Hard wired: Appliances, Speakers, Blinds, Security etc. Mains Water -> Water Meter -> House

Mechanical and Electrical Systems

Source Water Output

Heating, Cooling, Ventilation D

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

1200 x 600 Solar PV Panels (19 panels) feed through an inverter to power the house. When not required, the energy generated is sent back to the grid and credit is given by the electricity provider to the homeowner

Rainwater collected on roof, directed to underground tank (front yard) and stored until required. Used in garden Cold water direct from water meter to taps via pipes through walls and ceilings Mains water heated by gas instantaneous hot water system, sent to taps in insulated pipes via walls/ceilings

Heating

Water heated (by separate hot water system to above) to around 60 degrees, fed through insulated pipes to radiator panels and hydronic in slab coils

Cooling

A/C unit above both cellar ceiling and main bathroom ceiling. Both feed smaller units throughout the house, cooled by an external condensing unit

Ventilation

Exhaust fans suck air from laundry, kitchen and powder room to and out the eastern wall, and from both upstairs bathrooms to and out the roof sheeting over the upstairs living space

Light switch for lighting circuit. 1 way switch used, however 2, 3 and 4 way switches present in home General Power Outlet (GPO) Hydronic radiator panel

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

LIA

OU GR

Gas instantaneous hot water system (for domestic use), with hot water system for hydronic heating located outside (obscured from this angle)

Ballarat Electricity Grid -> Meter Box -> Switchboard Lighting (LED downlights typical)

Output

Did the architect organise the internal spaces to place mechanical and electrical services efficiently? From the layout of the home, it is clear that the architect did not organise the internal spaces with the efficiency of these services as a main priority. The main wet areas are separated within the house, the glass floor and ceiling in the master bedroom prevent services from being laid in a traditional manner, and the kitchen is located in the centre of the house making the exhaust systems far more complex than would otherwise be required. However, these services have not been ignored. There has been clear collaboration between the architect and mechanical engineer to ensure that services such as water, electrical, heating, cooling and ventilation are worked into the design as seamlessly as possible.

19 1200mm x 600mm Solar PV Panels

To Water Main

LEGEND W m ate et r er

To Grid

Ele c m tric et ity er

Switchboard

Power source (with direction) Lighting (with LED downlight) GPO (outlet in upstairs living) Cold water to secondary kitchen sink Hot water to secondary kitchen sink Hydronic Panel Heating Hydronic Slab Heating

LAYER 06 Physical Enclosures

Physical Enclosures

Do the physical enclosures express aspects of the building (internal spaces, structure and materiality)? Around the home, there are elements of the physical enclosures (cladding, glass etc) which reveal and express aspects of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s internal spaces and structures. The pavilion style roofline of the three rear bedrooms reveals interior qualities by reflecting the raised ceilings within, and different cladding types denote some of the major spaces within the home. In contrast to these opaque cladding solutions, the physical enclosure around the conservatory space comprises single glazed louvre windows. These provide a wind and thermal (to an extent) barrier between the interior and exterior, but allow for visual transparency. This physical enclosure also includes exposed mullions and structural columns, revealing a portion of the homeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s structural systems.

Low E single glazed louvre windows. Toughened in accordance with Architectural Glass Projects Pty Ltd (AGP) recommendations

Zinc External Cladding

Internal Finishes

Flat lock VM Zinc in 430mm wide modules over breathable sarking on 19mm marine plywood. Used on soffit surfaces (horizontal) 138 x 19 Spotted Gum â&#x20AC;&#x153;ship lap boardsâ&#x20AC;? fastened to timber battens on structure with galvanised steel screws. Used outside of dining room

Brick

110 x 76 x 230 brickwork: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Grampian Blue Dark Blendâ&#x20AC;? from Krause Bricks, stretcher bond, raked joint, mid gray mortar colour. Non structural brickwork throughout Stramit Speed Deck 700 Roof Sheet (â&#x20AC;&#x153;Duneâ&#x20AC;? in colour) clipped to roof clips which have been fastened to timber roof battens. Lack of screws prevents water seeping into building envelope. Used above upstairs living/bath. Standing Seam Zinc (as above) used elsewhere

Walls/ Ceilings Floors

Standing Seam (25mm High) VM Zinc over breathable sarking on 19mm marine plywood

Standing Seam (25mm High) VM Zinc in 430mm wide modules over breathable sarking on 19mm marine plywood. Used around bedroom 2,3,4 and kitchen/upstairs living areas in full widths to avoid wastage.

Timber

Roofing

Stramit Speed Deck 700 Roof Sheet

130 x 19 Spotted Gum tongue and groove floor boards, fixed to 19mm particle board substrate with nails. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Randomâ&#x20AC;? laying pattern

Low E double glazed units (typical), 6mm thick sheets either side of a 12mm Argon gap in line with AS1288. Lowers heat exchange

Windows/ Skylights

Stairs

13mm plasterboard screwed to studs, finished with plaster filler and painted in Dulux â&#x20AC;&#x153;White Duckâ&#x20AC;?, half strength (typical) 600 x 300 â&#x20AC;&#x153;Pietra Bronzea Brushedâ&#x20AC;? stone (from Artedmous) with Fugabella Eco 05 Anthracite grout throughout lower level, bathrooms 130 x 19 Spotted Gum tongue and groove floor boards, fixed to 19mm particle board substrate with nails. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Randomâ&#x20AC;? laying pattern 35mm thick Spotted Gum risers and treads nailed to timber stringers, which have been bolted to brickwork. 5mm shadow line where tread/riser meets brick wall

Low E double glazed units, 6mm thick sheets either side of a 12mm Argon gap. Tasmanian Oak window frame

19mm Marine Plywood

600 x 300 â&#x20AC;&#x153;Pietra Bronzea Brushedâ&#x20AC;? stone floor tiles

Breathable Sarking VM Zinc Standing Seam

35mm thick Spotted Gum risers and treads nailed to timber stringers

138 x 19 Spotted Gum â&#x20AC;&#x153;Ship Lap Boardsâ&#x20AC;? fastened to exterior of zinc facade