- E m~m Service Manual * GEA SERIES GENERATOR SETS Printed U.S.A. 928-0501 5-94
Table of Contents .................................................................... Safety Precautions ii 1.Introduction ABOUT THIS MANUAL 1-1 ........................................................................ TESTEQUIPMENT 1-1 2.AC Control AC CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS ....................................................... 2-1 CONTROLBOX ........................................................................... 2-2 AC CONNECTIONS INSIDE MOUNTED AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH (ATS) 2-3 AC CONNECTIONS WHEN AUTOMATIC TRANSFER swrrcH (ATS) NOT PROVIDED 2-4 VOLTAGEREGULATOR .................................................................... 2-5 PRINCIPLEOFGENERATOROPERATION ................................................... 2-8 3. DC Control CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS .......................................................... 3-1 ENGINE ACCESSORIES. SENSORS AND SHUTDOWN SWITCHES 3-4 ENGlNEMONlTOR(Al1) ................................................................... 3-6 AUXILIARY RELAY BOARD (A28) 3-8 EMERGENCY O'!E!?R!DE MODULE (A29) 3-10 ELECTRONIC OVERSPEEDISTART DISCONNECT MODULE 3-11 COOLANT TEMPERATURE GAUGE ASSEMBLY .............................................. 3-12 RELAYSKllANDK12 3-13 MANUAL FUEL SELECTOR SWITCH (S10) 3-14 LOW GAS PRESSURE SWITCH (E4) ........................................................ 3-14 SEQUENCEOFOPERATION 3-14 4.Troubleshooting THE ENGINE DOES NOT CRANK IN RUN MODE 4-1 THE ENGINE DOES NOT CRANK IN REMOTE MODE 4-3 THE ENGINE CRANKS BUT DOES NOT START 4-4 THE ENGINE RUNS UNTIL FAULT SHUTDOWN 4-6 THE ENGINE LACKS POWER OR IS UNSTABLE 4-7 ANAMBERWARNINGLAMP ISON 4-8 ........................ THE GREEN RUN LAMP STAYS OFF BUT THE SET RUNS NORMALLY 4-9 NOOUTPUTVOLTAGE ................................................................. 4-10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE IS TOO HIGH OR TOO LOW ............................................ 4-13 ......................................................... OUTPUT VOLTAGE IS UNSTABLE 4-14 .......................................... THE FIELD CIRCUIT BREAKER KEEPS TRIPPING 4-15 THE PHASE CURRENTS ARE UNBALANCED 4-16 5. Generator TESTINGTHEGENERATOR ................................................................ 5-1 GENERATOR DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY 5-8 6. Fuel System 1 Governor FUELSYSTEM 6-1 ...................................... GAS MIXTURE AND IDLE SPEED STOP ADJUSTMENTS 6-4 ELECTRONIC GOVERNOR 6-6 GOVERNOR LINKAGE 6-7 7. Wiring Diagrams
Safety Precautions
Before operating the generator set, read the Operator's Manual and become familiar with it and the equipment. Safe and efficient operatlon can be achieved only if the equlpment is properly operated and maintained. Many accidents are caused by failure to follow fundamental rules and precautions.
The following symbols, found throughout this manual, alert you to potentially dangerous conditions to the operator, service personnel, or the equipment.
Thls symbol warns of lmmedlate hazards whlch wlll result In severe personal Injury or death.
IAWARNING I Thls symbol refers to a hazaM or unsafe practice whlch can result In severe personal Injury or death.
\A CAUTION 1 Thls symbol refers to a hazard or unsafe practice which can result In personal injury or product or property damage.
FUEL AND FUMES ARE FLAMMABLE. Fire and explosion can result from improper practices.
DO NOT fill fuel tanks while engine is running, unless tanks are outside the engine compartment. Fuel contact with hot engine or exhaust is a potential fire hazard.
DO NOT permit any flame, cigarette, pilot light, spark, or other ignition source near the generator set or fuel tank.
Fuel lines must be adequately secured and free of leaks. Fuel connection at the engine should be made with an approved flexible line. Do not use copper piping on flexible lines as copper will become brittle if continuously vibrated or repeatedly bent.
Be sure all fuel supplies have a positive shutoff valve.
Do not smoke while servicing lead acid batteries. Lead acid batteriesemita highly explosive hydrogen gas that can be ignited by electrical arcing or by smoking.
EXHAUST GASES ARE DEADLY
Provide an adequate exhaust system to properly expel discharged gases. Visually and audibly inspect the exhaust daily for leaks per the maintenance schedule. Ensure that exhaust manifolds are secured and not warped. Do not use exhaust gases to heat a compartment. Be sure the unit is well ventilated.
MOVING PARTS CAN CAUSE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH
Keep your hands, clothing, and jewelry away from moving parts.
Before starting work on the generator set, disconnect starting batteries, negative (-) cable first. This will prevent accidental starting.
Make sure that fasteners on the generator set are secure. Tighten supports and clamps, keep guards in position over fans, drive belts, etc.
Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry in the vicinity of moving parts, or while working on electrical equipment. Loose clothing and jewelry can become caught in moving parts. Jewelry can short out electrical contacts and cause shock or burning.
If adjustment must be made while the unit is running, use extreme caution around hot manifolds, moving parts, etc.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK CAN CAUSE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH
o Remove electric power before removing protective shields or touching electrical equipment. Use rubber insulative mats placed on dry wood platforms over floors that are metal or concrete when around electrical equipment. Do not wear damp clothing (particularly wet shoes) or allow skin surface to be damp when har~dlirsgelectrical equipment.
Use extreme caution when working on electricalcomponents. Highvoltagescan cause injury or death. DO NOT tamper with interlocks.
Follow all applicable state and local electrical codes. Have all electrical installations performed by a qualified licensed electrician. Tag open switches to avoid accidental closure.
DO NOT CONNECT GENERATOR SET DIRECTLY TO ANY BUILDING ELECTRICAL SYSTEM. Hazardous voltages can flow from the generator set into the utility line. This creates a potential for electrocution or property damage. Connect only through an approved isolation switch or an approved paralleling device.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Coolants under pressure have a higher boiling point than water. DO NOT open a radiator or heat exchanger pressure cap while the engine is running. Allow the generator set to cool and bleed the system pressure first.
Benzene and lead, found in some gasoline, have been identified by some state and federal agencies as causing cancer or reproductive toxicity. When checking, draining or adding gasoline, take care not to ingest, breathe the fumes, or contact gasoline.
Used engine oils have been identified by some state or federal agencies as causing cancer or reproductive toxicity. When checking or changing engine oil, take care not to ingest, breathe the fumes, or contact used oil.
Provide appropriate fire extinguishers and install them in convenient locations. Consult the local fire department for the correct type of extinguisherto use. Do not use foam on electrical fires. Use extinguishers rated ABC by NFPA. Make sure that rags are not left on or near the engine. Remove all unnecessary grease and oil from the unit. Accumulated grease and oil can cause overheating and engine damage which present a potential fire hazard.
Keep the generator set and the surrounding area clean and free from obstructions. Remove any debris from the set and keep the floor clean and dry.
Do not work on this equipment when mentally or physically fatigued, or after consuming any alcohol or drug that makes the operation of equipment unsafe.
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iii
1. Introduction
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This service manual is for the GEA Series generator sets. It includes engine and generator troubleshooting guides. Engine service instructions are in the applicable engine service manual. Operating and maintenance instructions are in the applicable Operator's Manual.
This manual does not have instructions for servicing printed circuit board assemblies. Always replace a faulty printed circuit board assembly. Attempts to repair a printed circuit board can lead to costly damage to the equipment.
Read Safety Precautions and carefully observe all instructions and precautions in this manual.
TEST EQUIPMENT
Most of the tests in this manual can be done with an AC-DC multimeter, frequency meter, Wheatstone bridge (0.001 ohm precision is necessary for measuring stator winding resistance) and loadtest panel.
~AWARNING]Improper Service can lead to quipment damage, severe personal injury or death. Service must be performed by qualified persons who know about fuel, electrical and mechanical hazards. Read the safety precautions page and carefully observe all instructions and precautions in this manual.
~AWARNING 1 LPG and propane are heavier than air. Explosive, leaking gas will settle in low areas. If there is a possibility of leaking gas, notify the operator of the adjacent below-grade vauit.
2. AC Control
AC CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS
The generator set control box is mounted on top of the generator enclosure, facing the rear or either side. Figure 2-1 points out the components on the control panel that have to do with AC output control. See Page 7-3 for the connection diagram.
Field Clrcult Breaker (CB21): The field circuit breaker protects the generator from over-excitation.
AC Voltmeter (M21): The voltmeter indicates output voltage for the phase selected.
ACAmmeter(M22):The ammeter indicates output amperage for the phase selected. Input to the am-
meter is from current transformers CT21, CT22 and CT23. (CT23 is provided for 3-phase only.)
Phase Selector Switch (521): The selector switch is used to select the phase for voltage and amperage readings.
Scale Indicator Lamps (0521 and DS22): The scale indicator lamps indicate whether to read the upper or lower scales of the voltmeter and ammeter.
Frequency/RPM Meter (M23): The frequency meter indicates output frequency in Hertz (Hz) and engine speed in RPM.
Output Voltage Trimmer (R21): The output voltage trimmer can be used to adjust output voltage plus or minus five percent of nominal voltage.
FIGURE 2-1. TYPICAL AC CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS
CONTROL BOX
Figure 2-2 illustratesthe control box with the control panel hinged open. Note the lexan (red plastic) cover secured over the meters to protect from electric shock.
~AWARNING]HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE! Touching unlnsulated llve parts inside the control box can result In severe personal Injury or death. Relnstall the protective cover to prevent contact wlth bare, llve meter tennlnals.
LEXAN COVER SECURED BY INSU THIS COVER MUST ALWAYS BE REINSTAUED FOLLOWING SERVICE TO PROTECT FROM ELECTRIC SHOCK
TOP VIEW OF CONTROL BOX
SIDE VIEW CONTROL BOX
2-2
FIGURE 2-2. CONTROL BOX
CONTROL BOX
Figure 2-2 illustratesthe control box with the control panel hinged open. Note the lexan (red plastic) cover secured over the meters to protect from electric shock.
[AWARNING 1 HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE! Touching unlnsulated llve parts Inside the control box can result In severe personal Injury or death. Relnstall the protective cover to prevent contact with bare, llve meter temlnals.
LEXAN COVER SECURED BY INSU OVER THE AC METER TERMINALS THIS COVER MUST ALWAYS BE REINSTALLED FOLLOWING SERVICE TO PROTECT FROM ELECTRIC SHOCK
TOP VIEW OF CONTROL BOX
SIDE VIEW CONTROL BOX
FIGURE 2-2. CONTROL BOX
2. AC Control
AC CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS
The generator set control box is mounted on top of the generator enclosure, facing the rear or either side. Figure 2-1 points out the components on the control panel that have to do with AC output control. See Page 7-3 for the connection diagram.
Field Circuit Breaker (CB21): The field circuit breaker protects the generator from over-excitation.
AC Voltmeter (M21): The voltmeter indicates output voltage for the phase selected.
ACAmmeter(M22):The ammeter indicates output amperage for the phase selected. Input to the am-
meter is from current transformers CT21, CT22 and CT23. (CT23 is provided for 3-phase only.)
Phase Selector Switch (S21): The selector switch is used to select the phase for voltage and amperage readings.
Scale indicator Lamps (DS21 and DS22): The scale indicator lamps indicate whether to read the upper or lower scales of the voltmeter and ammeter.
Frequency/RPM Meter (M23): The frequency meter indicates output frequency in Hertz (Hz) and engine speed in RPM.
Output Voltage Trimmer (R21): The output voltage trimmer can be used to adjust output voltage plus or minus five percent of nominal voltage.
FIELD CIRCUIT BREAKER (CB21)
AC VOLTMETER AC AMMETER (M22)
FREQUENCYIRPM METER (M23)
SCALE INDICATOR LAMPS (DS21 AND DS22)
FIGURE 2-1. TYPICAL AC CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS
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AC CONNECTIONS INSIDE MOUNTED -1 HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE! Touching AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH (ATS) uninsuiated live parts inside the automatic Figure 2-3illustrates the AC power and control con- tmnsfer witch can in severe personaibnections inside the mounted automatic transfer juryordeath. Shutdown thesetanddisCOnnect switch. See Pages 7-3, 7-6 and 7-7 for the control, ALL power sources to the generator set before generator and ATS connection diagrams. opening the door.
ATS TERMINAL AUTOMATIC TRANSFER PHASE CONNECTIONS BLOCKS TB2 AND TB3 SWITCH FOR NORMAL SUPPLY
GROUNDING LUGS CONTROL TRANSFORMERS
HEATER CIRCUITS GENERATOR LINE CT21, CT22 CIRCUIT BREAKER CIRCUIT BREAKER
000 000 00 0 000
FIGURE 2-3. TYPICAL CONNECTIONS INSIDE MOUNTED AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH
AC CONNECTIONS WHEN AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH (ATS) NOT PROVIDED
Figure 2-4 illustratesthe power output box, which is part of the right-hand side of the generator enclosure (facing generator end). See Pages 7-3, 7-6 and 7-7 for the control, generator and ATS connection diagrams.
(AWARNING 1 HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE! Touching uninsulated live parts inside the AC power output box can result In severe personal Injury or death. Shut down the set and disconnect ALL power sources to the generator set before removlng the cover of the AC power output box. See Figure 2-4.
GENERATOR CURRENT TRANSFORMERS TERMINAL BLOCK BREAKER TERMINALS LINE CIRCUIT LEAD CT21, CT22 AND CT23 FOR CONNECTING FOR CONNECTING BREAKER ENTRANCE (3-PH ONLY) ME POLARITY GENERATOR LEADS GENERATOR LEADS DOTS MUST BE UP
HEATERS (CONNECTED TO NORMAL SOURCE)
THESE TERMNALS ARE LIVE WHEN THE SET IS NOT RUNNING-DISCONNECT LOAD WIRING CONTROL FOR CONTROL LEADS BREAKER TERMINALS POWER BEFORE REMOVING STUB-UP WIRING FROM AUTOMATIC FOR LOAD AC OUTPUT BOX COVER. SPACE HARNESS TRANSFER SWITCH CONNECTIONS
L
FIGURE 2-4. POWER OUTPUT BOX
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Figure 2-5 shows the terminals, the three selector switches and the voltage adjusting potentiometer on the voltage regulator board. Figure 2-6 shows the connections.
The voltage regulator is accessible by removing the top cover of the control box. It is mounted on a plate on the wall opposite the control panel. Note the orientation of the voltage regulator on its mounting plate with terminal block VR21 at the bottom.
Setting Selector Switches
Check and, if necessary, reposition the selector switches as follows when replacing a voltage regulator:
1. Press S1-(1-4) and S1-(2-3) down on the side marked OFF. (S1 is a rocker switch.)
2. Slide S2 to the left-hand position. (S2 is a slide switch.)
3. For 60 Hertz operation: Press S3-(1-4) to 4 (OFF) and S3-(2-3) to 2 (ON). (S3 is a rocker switch.)
4. For 50 Hertz operation: Press S3-(1-4) to 1 (ON) and S3-(2-3) to 2 (ON). (S3 is a rocker switch.)
Adjusting Voltage
Use the control panel mounted voltage trimmer, if provided, for small voltage adjustments. Measure generator output voltage while the set is running
without load at the nominal frequency. If the trimmer does not provide enough adjustment, lock it at its midpoint. Then turn voltage adjusting pot R32 on the regulator board until rated voltage is obtained.
If there is no output voltage, flash the field as follows:
1. Assemble a 6 volt battery, 10 ohm resistor, 18 volt voltage suppressor and 12 amp, 300 volt diode as shown in Figure 2-6.
2. While the set is running at nominal frequency, momentarily connect the positive (+) side of the the circuit to voltage regulator terminal VR21-F1 and the negative side (-) to voltage regulator terminal VR21 -F2.
1A CAUTION I The voltage regulator could be damaged If the flashing circuit is connected for more than 5 seconds.
3. Check output voltage, shut down the set and restart it. See Troubleshootingif output voltage does not build up without field flashing.
. D. p.HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE! Touching uninsulated live parts inside the control and power output boxes can result In severe personal Injury or death. Measurements and adjustments must be done with care to avoid touching unlnsulated live parts.
Stand on a dry wooden platform or rubber Insulating mat, make sure your clothing and shoes are dry, removejewelry and use tools with Insulated handles.
SELECTOR S
68L9SP
FIGURE 2-5. VOLTAGE REGULATOR TERMINALS, SELECTOR SWITCHES AND VOLTAGE ADJUSTING POT
