Milton | MILTON C3 | Strategy by Urban Design Studies Unit, University of Strathclyde

Milton Booklet No 8

Stage

Package

Strategy

Group 3A MILTON C3

Prepared by Anastasia Izhikova, Khalid Ali, Yaun Li Urban Design Studies Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, October - December 2016

Strategy Booklet

Introduction This booklet, aims to fully explain the proposed strategy for Group 3A in successfully evolving Milton into a more desirable place for residents and its visitors. Following on from indepth research of Milton, we have proposed possible strategy solutions for the area. This will be enhanced and developed further in the next phase of work; Framework and Coding.

Authors Anastasia Izhikova

SP Architecture, Vladimir State University, University of Strathclyde

Khalid Ali

BSc (Honours) Architectural Studies, University of Strathclyde

Yuan Li

BSc (Honours) Urban Design, Nanjing Forestry University, University of Strathclyde

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Contents Introduction

The Team - Roles & Responsibilities

Place Standard Diagram

SWOT Analysis - Strengths + Opportunities

SWOT Analysis - Weaknesses

SWOT Analysis - Threats / Constraints

Milton Opportunities

Miltonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Challengies

What Milton Wants

The Vision

Multifaceted Strategy

Precedents

Proposed Projects for Milton

Existing Concept Plan

Existing Nodes + Densities

Existing Street + Ecological Networks

Strategic Plan

Proposed Concept Plan

Proposed Nodes + Densities

Proposed Street + Ecological Networks

Proposed Housing Typology

Proposed Ecological Networks - City Context

Proposed Phasing Development for Milton

Conclusion

Bibliography & List of Figures

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

The Team - Roles & Responsibilities

Place Standard

From the beginning, our group work was off to what most individuals would think is the best start for the strategy phase. The team originally consisted of 3 full time students and 2 part time. The two part timers consisted of a Landscape Architect and the other was a Planner from Ayrshire. The remaining three consisted of two Urban Design Students and one Advanced Architectural Design Student.

From visiting Milton again at the beginning of the strategy stage, we were able to individually survey the area from each members experience of the site. The Place Standard tool provides a simple framework of structure conversations about place. It allowed us to to think about the physical elements of a place as well as the social aspects. The results from our visit are shown below.

Due to work commitments by the part timers, we held regular meetings on weekends in the University Library to check the overall progress of our strategy and how to move forward in regenerating Milton. Aswell as weekends, we were also able to meet with our tutors on Wednesdays who provided feedback to what was achieved or progressed the previous weekend. However, due to some language barriers within the group, and differences of opinion as well as increased work pressures from employers, the team felt the need to split in two. One consisting of the part time students and the other with the remaining three full time students. This took us by surprise as deadlines were quickly approaching and having a split at this stage could result in failure by both parties. However, as a result of the split, the team of three was known as 3A, and the other was 3B. For 3A, we quickly got to work on what was outstanding and committed long hours to getting the task complete to the highest standard. The main issue which was in front of us was the language barrier of one of the team members. This at first seemed impossible to work around, however, we quickly evaluated key thinsgs which we were good at as individuals and set regular meetings to check on progress of work and how to illustrate our strategy physically and digitally. This was a tight time frame to commit to, but we kept one another focussed through the challenging times and set key goals to achieve the highest standard with the strategy.

Anastasia Izhikova - Urban Design Student Anastasia, with her ambitious nature was eager for us to propse the best strategy possible from the beginning. Through the challenging times, her strengths were mainly getting things produced to meet the demanding and tight deadlines. She was an important member to the team, one which we could regularly discuss and appraise different ideas with.

Khalid Ali - AAD Student Khalid, a fellow AAD student, had demonstrated solid architectural skills and positive attitude, tackling challenges of the Strategic plan production. He approached this critical situation as a team building exercise and used his skills, obtained as an Air Cadet, to enhance team work and complete the projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s second stage. Despite minor language barriers that sometimes occurred with the other foreign students, he worked towards resolving any situation patiently.

Yuan Li - Urban Design Student Li from the beginning has always been a good team member, always seeking to learn from others in the group. From the outset his main challenge was communicating with Ana and Khalid as his English was limited. However, his will and determination carried through and as a team we were able to focus on his strength and knowledge of photo editing software.

Fig.01

Why Place is Important

Area

Research shows that the places where we spend our time have an important impact on our lives. The way a place looks, functions and feels can influence our health and wellbeing, and the opportunities we have access to. Improving the quality of places can help to tackle inequalities. Understanding the existing and potential strengths of a place can inform good decision making, allowing resources to be targeted to where they are most needed. This approach can deliver better results over the long term. The tool can also support the design and delivery of successful places, creating quality development where people want to live.

The tool allows different sizes and types of places to be assessed. This can include whole towns or neighbourhoods in urban or rural locations. The tool can be used to assess existing places as well as places that are still being planned. Whatever the place, the area to be evaluated should be agreed in advance by those involved. The diagram that is produced above shows at a glance the areas where a place is performing well and where there is room for improvement. Where a place has been assessed as good, the shape will be fuller, reaching towards the edge of the circle. Where it is viewed as performing poorly the shape will be smaller, remaining towards the centre.

Strategy Booklet

S.W.O.T Analysis

Strength & Opportunities

MILTON C3|Group 3A

S.W.O.T Analysis

Weaknesses

Weaknesses map Fig.02 Map Key: 1 - Love Milton (Bothy 75 Cafe) 1 - Milton Food Hub Locations 2 - Reinstate Forgotten Link to Milton 3 - V & D Land

4 - Dolls Houses - Closeness 5 - Canal 6 - St Monica Hub 7 - Topography

Fig.03

Fig.05 Map Key:

8 - Green Belt 9 - Milton Park 10 - Listed Buildings 11 - Woodland

1 - Connections 2 - Physical Barriers 3 - M3 Bus Routes 3 - Bus Route 75

Fig.04

4 - Hubs 5 - Road Hierarchy 5 - Road Context 6 - Speed Bumps (X)

Fig.06

7 - Land Mark 8 - Built Form 9 - North Facing 10 - CCTV 11 - Segregation

Fig.07

Strategy Booklet

Threats / Constraints

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Milton’s Opportunities Milton’s residents take a great deal of pride in their area and the community feel is evident when you talk to locals - to them it is “the Milton” and this is just one small way in which the they really take ownership of their land. One difference between Milton and other seemingly similar areas is that almost the entire settlement was built within 10 years with very little property or residents being on what was mostly farmland before. This is a slightly more unique situation for a Glasgow housing estate as most other developments had existing homes in the area. As a result Milton holds strong family lines through generations since it was built as the families who were the first residents in Milton were the first people to live there at all, not just in the houses but on the land in such a scale- ergo there is something of a family tie and sentimental value for Milton residents - many of whom are 3rd or 4th generations of the original residents. Results from the Milton Talks: People Places and Priorities - a community survey by LoveMilton published in October 2016 reflect the strength of Milton’s sense of community. Of the 606 respondents 493 answered the question ‘what do you like about living in Milton?’ With answers categorised under ‘people and sense of home’. Within this people sited reasons like friendly and helpful neighbours, the support networks of their nearby family and friends and knowing lots of people.

Fig.08

Map Key: 1 - Private Dwellings 2 - Low Skills

3 - Elderly / Disabled 4 - Substation

Unemployed people aged 16 to 74: Aged 16 to 24. Unemployed people aged 16 to 74: Aged 50 to 74. Unemployed people aged 16 to 74: Never worked. Unemployed people aged 16 to 74: Long-term unemployed (43%). Fig.09

Fig.10

Fig.12

The community has taken much of its own challenges on itself as most feel the area is forgotten and overshadowed when it comes to assistance by more media-prevalent examples of depravation in the north like Possil and Maryhill. Groups love LoveMilton seem to pick up the slack where the residents feel local authorities are failing and the group has the goal of simply making Milton a better place to live but feel they are under resourced and insufficiency funded for the challenges they face. The LoveMilton mission statement is; “LoveMilton is a project developing new ways to empower our local community to empower our local community to deliver physical and social improvements in a sustainable manner with a lasting legacy of training, expertise and employability”

5 - Protected Green Space 6 - Existing Development Sites

Fig.11

Fig.13

Beyond the actions of LoveMilton there is a community garden that seeks to challenge supermarkets on quality and price of produce and uses local’s skills to do so. The project includes food growing, composting, recycling, landscaping, joinery, building and regular barbecues and community lunches. The site seeks to accommodate old and young in the Milton community and includes a memorial garden to remember loved ones. Fig.14

Strategy Booklet

Milton’s Challengies When asked what Milton needs Marina, a LoveMilton ambassador said with commanding certainty “jobs” and “access to healthcare”. Milton suffers from a low employment rate, and industry in the area has suffered. It is partially because of this that Milton has some of the highest levels of addiction in the country and general health statistics are bleak. As with much of central Glasgow Milton is an area of relative poverty and fuel poverty, food poverty substance abuse and poor physical and mental health are common. This particular part of Glasgow is in the 15% of most deprived areas in the city according to SMID figures (Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation) and this includes a whole host of problem factors - income, health and housing in Milton were ranked between 16th and 20th out of 325 data zones Scotland-wide. Housing As mentioned the vast majority of the housing in Milton was built within a 10 year period and the houses constructed are repetition of the same few models of terraces and semi-detached homes, tenement flats and the six towers. Perhaps unsurprisingly the housing is not one of Milton’s strongpoints. Housing was the category with the fewest respondents choosing it as a ‘favourite’ of Milton’s assets. The Milton Seperation Milton is a divided community and residents point out the clear physical as well as social divide between the “front” and the “back” of the settlement. Liddesdale Road marks this separation physically but it permeates deeper into the fabric of the society here; the majority of the 7,000 population live at the back of Milton in the north - this is where all 6 multi-storey “tower block” flats can be found, as well as almost all of the rest of Milton’s flat blocks - though many of which are waiting derelict to be demolished. This division is hugely problematic for many as the majority of Milton’s services are located at the front; two of the 3 schools, the ARC (Ashgill Recreation Centre), most of the areas churches, the library, gym, dental practice as well as the only restaurant/ cafe. The difficulty of access to these facilities is exacerbated for the elderly and disabled almost non-existent bus routes, no trains and a large hill.

Access The bus routes are a real issue for locals. The settlement is thoroughly insulated from the surrounding areas and access does not lend itself particularly remove ‘well,’ obviously or efficiently to vehicles never mind pedestrians. The nearest supermarket - an Asda in Maryhill runs a free bus service for Milton residents; obviously capitalising on the huge void in retail outlets in the area.

MILTON C3|Group 3A

What Milton Wants The supermarket is some 3.3 miles from the farthest point of Milton - largely due to convoluted road systems and the barrier of limited crossings over the Clyde canal. The Access problem is a particular struggle for school children - there are 3 primary schools but there has not been a secondary school in the area for a while which pushes the Milton schoolchildren out to other areas. For most this means a bus but the scheduling for the service is such that if a pupil misses their first bus -which is often as they can have as little as 5 minutes to catch it- they must take 2 other busses to get home. Their only other options are relying on a relative with a car or walking - but as seen the connections are poor - badly lit and surfaced and often convoluted remove ‘ways’ as a result of physical barriers such as the canal and railway lines. Ashfield Station is the nearest railway line and connects to Glasgow Queen Street and Edinburgh Waverley but it is 1.3 miles from the farthest point of Milton or 24 minutes walk according to Google. With 47.7% of residents walking, cycling or taking public transport to work it seems that their transport provision is insufficient.

Fig.16 Forgotten Milton Something of a bone of contention in Milton is the way the area is represented in the media - or indeed lack remove ‘of representation’ thereof. The settlement is somewhat hidden in the north Glasgow landscape - perhaps a product of its isolated design and relatively short history as a residential area. When it comes to service provision it is no secret that Miltoners feel they are under-resourced and underrepresented but some feel this is exacerbated by Milton being overshadowed by its neighbours as well as the various other deprived areas in the city when it comes to media attention. Remove ‘of the levels of depravity and thus’ It is because of this that some feel they are far less likely to be considered when it come resources allocation, development projects and funding. This could be because other areas are larger, longer established and have more impact of surrounding areas as they are typically more interconnected with other parts of the city.

An earlier residents survey prior to Milton Talks, also by LoveMilton has revealed what the locals want and the results are clear. The committee made up of about 95% Milton residents shows overwhelmingly that most of the youth in Milton want a swimming pool as currently the closest facilities are Maryhill (up to 3.5 miles) and Springburn (up to 2.5 miles).

LOVE MILTON’S QUOTES:

Q- “What would you like to see changed?”

Beyond this the primary desire for the community as whole is a community space - young and old are feeling the void of their community hub demolished in 2015 but had been out of use for much longer. The ARC (Ashgill Recreation Centre) is praised for its efforts with the community but this is largely sports based. Furthermore there is a demand for more houses.

A- “More amenities such as pub and supermarket at the top end of Milton”.

At first this seems something of an anomaly - why would an area already struggling for resources want to increase its population? But the answer is simple, and it links to a previous point about Milton’s sense of community and its heritage; demolition of undesirable tenement tower blocks has displaced people, many of whom feel a strong connection with Milton as it is their home, all they have known, where their families still reside and somewhere where they had very much taken ownership of.

“I would like to be part of change”

These residents have been scattered to all corners of the city where available housing stock is, but many want to return to the Milton and be back in their community with their families. Another desire of Miltoner’s is one that stems from some of the problematic social struggles in the area. The area lacks sufficient health infrastructures with little support for addiction - no clinics, poor access to healthcare farther afield and seemingly no specifically tailored social work to the settlements needs. Substance abuse and addiction also exacerbate the lack of facilities for Milton’s youth as children of parents with addiction are left with little stimulation - particularly during school holidays.

“Voice my opinion, get out and do something - build on community”

“But nothing will happen because Milton is like a No Mans Land”

Marina the LoveMilton ambassador said that this often leads to local authorities focussing on these other areas because they will be seen to be tackling the more public cases of need in the city - she gave one recent example of Milton losing out on funding at a late stage to Possil because of the pressure exerted by media reporting. This is something which has been reflected in the results of the Milton Talks survey; of the things people would ‘like to see changed’ the most common was categorised as ‘local amenities closely’ followed by ‘opportunities’. The publication quotes some residents directly and among these is one saying they want ‘more investment. No money goes to Milton - it all goes to Maryhill, Possil and Sprungburn’.

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Vision

OUR VISION Thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s an energy and enthusiasm within Milton, driven forward by people who love their neighbourhood and want to see change. Joining the renaissance of Glasgow suburbia, Milton becomes more than just a neighbourhood on the edge. New Milton is where water meets land and city meets nature. Taking inspiration from the best elements from successful neighbourhoods across the world with bold planning decisions accompanied by the advanced landscape design, we aim to create a more than just a place to live for the residents, but a destination, a location that draws people from the entire city to see the countryside.

EVERYTHING HERE SPEAKS ABOUT A VALUABLE, VIBRANT, CONNECTED, GREEN PLACE WITH A STRONG CHARACTER

Fig.18

Strategy Booklet

Multifaceted Strategy

SOCIAL Community linked back into the city and surrounding districts with the new connections to it and attractions for the visitors inside Milton. Diverse typology of the housing, introduced by range of densities in Milton will bring different inhabitants (provision of affordable housing) and variety of morphologies, thus deliver social diversity. New Milton will bring a positive change into residents’ lives; public spaces and mobilites, introduce communication and provide platform for social organizations to work with people. The increased value of the neighbourhood, which will become vibrant and successful, will affect mindset of its residents and provide a good foundation for social and mental health. Citizens involved in developing land, sharing costs and responsibilities with the chance to change their plot the way they like (e.g. garden or a parking space). Direct investment of the community to its future.

PHYSICAL Introduction of new street hierarchy and a street grid, with the new blocks and housing typology, densifying Milton. Services and activities in the district nodes along the primary roads. New transport/pedestrian links Streets that are overlooked by homes; well connected collective urban spaces and green space: streets, plazas, parks, shared gardens; high quality public space; well-designed higher-density housing; a sense of identity and place.

Fig.19

PRESERVED IDENTITY FEATURES: Urban: private gardens, public garden, social movement and organizations (Love Milton ); green: countryside and Possil marsh national reserve along with Forth and Clyde Canal.

ENVIRONMENTAL Urban fabric in tune with nature, integrating urban into green (ecosystems, natural flows of water etc.); creating well connected green network; Preserving nature with the organization of urban flows and sustainable landuse; Intoduction of ‘zero-energy’ blocks into the neighbourhood, that can include schemes to save natural resources such as Combined Heat and Power.

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Fig.20

CHANGE IN MILTON

ECONOMICAL Creating more connections with the city centre and other parts of Glasgow and placing new services thus enhancing mobilies and creating jobs for the locals. With more people living in an area, better local shops and schools become economically viable, as do regular bus services.

Fig.21

Fig.22

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Precedents Crown street, Glasgow

Bo01 Malmo

The challenge at Crown Street was simple: to regenerate an area and create a place where people would want to live, and where they could choose between the private life of their own home and the public vitality of the street. The Crown Street Regeneration Project was set up in 1990 to bring new life and confidence to the area. The partnership included the Glasgow Development Agency, the City of Glasgow District Council, Scottish Homes, New Gorbals Housing Association and, most important, the local community. The Crown Street area has been redeveloped according to a masterplan by CZWG Architects. The success of this has led to the masterplanning and redevelopment of the adjacent Queen Elizabeth Square and Moffat Gardens areas to the east, and the Laurieston area to the west.

Malmo is the third biggest city in Sweeden and is located in the middle of the oresund region. Bo01 housing represents the first development stage of the larger development of Vastra Hamnen (The Western Harbour). The Bo01 area covers 9 ha and provides ca 600 dwellings for around 1000 inhabitants. At the moment ca 4000 people live in the western harbour. The two main objectives were to develop self-sufficient housing units in terms of energy and greatly diminish the GES emissions.

Fig.30

The project’s aims were: 1. To make the Gorbals a place in which people would want to live 2. To give the Gorbals a new meaning as a popular, balanced urban community 3. To help bring new energy and growth to the Gorbals economy 4. To integrate the new development into the social, economic and physical fabric of the existing community 5. To provide solutions that would stand the test of time 6. To achieve the highest attainable standards of quality in developing the site.

The aim was to create an awareness around how we live today and how we will live in the future. Bo01 shows imaginative visions of future living, where high demands on aesthetics, ecology and high technology are combined. It is meant to be a pilot project to test which technologies and solutions can and should be applied on a wider scale. This example of housing gives us a greater awareness of current successful projects which we can learn from to further regenerate Milton over a phased development.

Fig.23

Fig.31

Vauban - Germany Located 5 kilometres South of Freiburg’s town centre, Vauban was built as a sustainable model district, set somewhat symbolically in the grounds of a disused military base. Today, it hosts a community of around 5,500 inhabitants and 600 jobs. It is the result of the combined efforts of the local government and a group of building owners.

Fig.32

Fig.24

Fig.26

Fig.25

Fig.33

Fig.27

All the houses and buildings were designed to have the lowest energy consumption possible, and at least 100 of them meet the very strict “Passivhaus” (passive house) standard. Where heating is required, wood chip burning and cogeneration (CHP) are used, and the neighbourhood makes great use of solar power: the Solar Settlement, within the district, is a group of 59 homes which became the first housing community in the world to display a positive energy balance, hence complying with Rolf Disch’s PlusEnergy concept. In 1994, Disch built the first positive energy house and coined the phrase – Passivhaus. In Vauban, the excess of electricity produced is sold to the grid, generating an income for the residents. As radical when it comes to transport as it is when it comes to energy consumption, the neighbourhood’s philosophy is based on a “car free” principle. A tramway links the district with the Freiburg city centre. By 2009, 70% of the residents had given up their cars. It’s worth noting that the level of car ownership plummeted over time, i.e. the neighbourhood did not attract people who had never owned a private vehicle! Among the residents living without a car, 81% had previously owned one. Everything is designed with cyclists and pedestrians in mind. Residential streets are free from parking spaces – though pick up and deliveries are permitted. Vauban’s success has been recognised worldwide, and residents have witnessed countless official delegations visiting the site. This precedent in particular is successful in many ways, and given it has half the intended density of our strategy, we believe, over a realistic time frame, it is possible give the people of Milton a similiar standard of lifestyle.

Fig.28

Fig.29

Fig.34

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Proposed Projects for Milton One: Empower Accessibility

Fig.35

Accessibility to, and within the site is poor. There is low car ownership in Milton (less than 64% of residents have access to a car or van, compared to 35% in Glasgow as a whole). Milton has high levels of income (29.3%) and employment deprivation (28.0%); approximately 17% higher than Glasgow CIty. So while uptake of public transport is high (61.9%) when compared to Scotland as a whole (c.44.5%) it is likely that this is as a result of necessity, not choice, especially when the provision and quality of transport is low.

PROJECT 1

Initial improvements will include new pedestrian /cycle connections to surrounding neigbour-hoods and countryside to the north can be opened.

Life expectancy is lower in Milton than in the rest of the city by two years on average between men and women. Furthermore, Milton has approximately 4% more residents over the age of 65 than Glasgow as a whole, and c.30.3% of residents claim to have a limiting health problem; 7.5% higher than the city as a whole. Therefore it is reasonable to assume that good access, and healthy environments are not currently available across the site. Pedestrian links across Milton and between adjoining neighbourhoods are infrequent, segregated from vehicular flow, and informal (particularly within the countryside to the north). Fig.36

Phase I

From the analysis stage, we conclude that it is a lack of accessibility – both vehicular and pedestrian - and options for travel are a primary issue for Milton which limits the existing population.

Phase II

As new building starts for Project 2, road improvements can begin including streetscape design changes. New roads and streetscape changes can be used to improve public transport into the site.

Phase III

As funding / income is generated from estalished new nodes and densication, new roads for the regraining process can be constructed.

Phase IV

Road and pedestrian infrastructure completed before buildout of final phases of development. New roads to adhere to local urban codes.

Approach: The potential success of this Project will depend on the following factors: 1) to increase the opportunities for the residents of Milton to improve their socio-eco nomic quality of life through more local job opportunities. 2) to consider, spatially, the option to allow car ownership within the site as this may be desirable in future for the residents. 3) to provide a high quality, well served and viable public transport alternative. 4) to densify the concentration of pedestrian and vehicular routes within the site.

Fig.37

Two: Part 1) Maximise Density in Milton

Fig.38

Milton currently has a high proportion (17.5%) of vacant and derelict land within the boundary. Nearly 97% of its population lives within 500 m of vacant or derelict land. Excluding the industrial zone, Milton spreads over 126 hectares. With only 6000 people living within the boundary, the density currently stands at 47.6 ppl/ha. The low density of Milton has, in part, contributed to a small number or weak nodes of activity across the site; offering limited provisions for the population, forcing the residents to travel out of their neighbourhood. The MCA analysis also demonstrates that these nodes lie on routes which have low ‘betweeness’ and low closeness, which would indicate that Milton is not very finely grained relative to Glasgow as a whole.

Approach: Increase the density of Milton to a population level capable of sustaining a more vi-

brant neighbourhood settlement of nodes containing a range of services. The aim will be to support a population in the region of 12,000 people – double the existing level – at a range of around 100pp/ha. To do this, in line with GCC policy, and other successful regeneration schemes, the redevelopment of vacant / derelict land should be considered as a priority. Another aim of the densification project should be to offer a range of housing typologies to maximise the opportunities available to residents of Milton and address some of the wider housing shortage issues of Glasgow. Part 2) Regraining Milton Residents have been displaced through demolition of existing social housing. This has fragmented the Milton community; an LoveMilton interview suggested people want to move back the area, but can’t afford to unless there is a provision of social housing. Single use sites; currently does not promote mixing of activity / opportunities, creates barriers to movement, does not animate the street for example, the Miltonbank school is hidden from public view. Social housing is currently grouped together; although this has, in part, been fragmented by Right to Buy policy of the last 30 years.

Approach: Strategy to encourage attraction of community facilities / services to streets; create a hierarchy of nodes – local centre, and community hubs, max 500m from any one property.

PROJECT 2

Phase I

Initial improvements will include new pedestrian /cycle connections to surrounding neigbour-hoods and countryside to the north can be opened.

Phase II

Phase III

Phase IV

New development on vacant plots, and at key nodes should begin the densication process.

Plots and blocks surrounding high-density areas should be secondary in phasing, to allow for infrastructure to be put in place.

Assuming the scheme is successful, the continued redevelopment of Milton can carry on with increasing densities across the site in line with local urban codes.

Construction of newschools to begin once ‘critical mass’ for pupil numbers is reached Introduction of new exibleservice / business spaces at key nodes to facilitate regeneration and funding. Creation of new canalside development begins.

As new plots are established local urban codes will require ‘pepperpotting’ of social housing at an appropriate proportion to ensure that ghettoisation of the site does not occur.

New facilities and social housing provision to be included in local urban codes to ensure continued positive redevelopment of the site.

Fig.39

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Proposed Projects for Milton Three: Provide Legibility; Restructuring the neighbourhood: Help Milton to find its Way The analysis of experiencing the city and the transport framework demonstrated that Milton lacks legibility. There are strong edges between land uses; for example, between the Balmore Industrial Estate and adjacent residential area.

PROJECT 3

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

Phase IV

New development should begin to include landmark buildings at key nodes. Streetscape hierarchy starts to be established.

As new roads and blocks are established new landmarks and key views are created. Public open space establishes new hierarchy around site.

New local urban codes continue to require high quality development that contributes to enhanced legibility.

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

Phase IV

New bins, benches and lighting can be installed. Improved informal paths to north created. Secure funding for better ongoing maintenance.

New public / semi-public open space created in new blocks. Streetscape improvements to include street trees. New green links created to adjoining countryside.

Canalside improvements begin. Reinforce planting in areas to be enhanced which are now built out.

Final planting to be established following completion of all building works. Any new development to adhere to local urban code guides for green infrastructure.

Conversly, the urban edge to the countryside to the north of the site is weakly defined. This correFig.40 lates with the ‘zoned’ land use approach to planning policy, resulting in a fragmented site. There are few landmarks across Milton, and generally weak character ‘districts’ or ‘areas’ across the site. The lack of legibility is reinforced by a weak typology of housing. The road hierarchy across the site is flat. The primary roads are those around the site periphery, such as Ashgill Road, or those with direct access out of Milton, such as Birsay Road. The effect is compounded by a streetscape which bears little relationship with the road hierarchy, for example Liddesdale is one of the widest roads, but is not considered a primary route; in legibility terms, these ‘paths’ are weakly defined as a result of poor enclosure / street frontage / facades. Approach: Improve the legibility and character of the built environment through use of density, diversity (character), built form (landmark buildings) and open space typologies. Reconnect with the vernacular of Glasgow. Help Milton find its way. Redefine the street hierarchy to provide a legible circulation around the site, compatible with the location of nodes. Fig.41

Four: Using Natural Capital to Invest in Health; Bring the Countryside In Milton’s residents suffer a lower life expectancy than the wider population of Glasgow. Drugs and alcohol are part of the cause, but it is also recognised that approximately 30% of the residents of Milton suffer from a health problem or disability. While Milton has a high proportion of open space (largely vacant / derelict land) the access to, and through it is poor, and informal.

Fig.42

The existing open space on the site is mono-functional, and separate from the urban fabric; for example, the towers act as islands in a vast sea of amenity grassland. There are no ‘destination’ spaces, and Milton Park is lost through a lack of legibility. Despite its proximity to open countryside, there are few links from Milton to the surrounding natural landscape. Also contributing to these social factors is a poor quality environment and poor quality of available services. Furthermore, Glasgow, and to a greater extent Milton, suffers from high crime rates, and it is clear from the use of surveillance cameras in Milton that the public realm is not safe. Evidentially, the large, unlit areas of vacant land and substantial setbacks between properties and streets do not provide good natural surveillance.

PROJECT 4

Approach: Create a distinct series of multi-functional, well connected greenspaces throughout

Milton; connecting the city to the south, with the countryside to the north. This green infrastructure network should also marry with a SUDS strategy for the site. The open space typologies across Milton should offer competing, not duplicating opportunities; thereby increasing choice for the residents. The spatial arrangement of built form should be such that there is good natural surveillance of all of the open spaces in Milton, providing safe play areas, amenity areas, and routes to schools etc. Protect historic / important green space / trees e.g. Castlebay Street.

Fig.43

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Existing Concept Plan DENSITIES High Density I (195,6-186,6 u/ha) High Density II (108,3-105,0 u/ha) Medium Density I (73,6 u/ha) Medium Density II (67,8 u/ha) Medium Density III (56,6 u/ha) Low Density I (31,9 u/ha) Low Density II (28,8-23,8 u/ha) Low Density III (11,7 u/ha) STREETS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT High speed roads Local main streets Local streets Bus lanes (7/7A, 8, 10, 68, 89, 89A/89B, 90, 128) NODES External Primary Node (800 m) External Secondary Node (400 m) Services, Milton GREEN SPACE Natural / Open Green Space Sports Areas Playing Fields Amenity Green Space Green Corridors - Green Access Routes Allotments Woodland Play/Game Services, Milton Affecting Protected Space

EXISTING CONCEPT PLAN shows current situation in Milton, with its good potential for the future green network, a great amount of vacant/derelict land, close proximity to the district and local nodes, yet none of those are covering Milton; unevenly developed land with small number of services and low density; lack of connectivity and accessibility, public transport and commune spaces. Fig.44

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Existing Nodes & Densities

Specialist Zones Industrial Zones Green Space Public Zones Built Up Border Internal Green Space

Fig.45 The Analysis stage revealed Milton as scattered and unevenly developed area with big portions of vacant and derelict land from freshly demolished buildings. Approximately 1/3 of the area can be qualifies as a ‘specialist area’, Balmore Industrial Estate and green zone with the football playing fields. For the rest of Milton there are five different types of development: suburban semis, which prevail and have density from 21, 8 to 28,8 units per hectare, tenement housing with density varying from 56,6 to 108,3 units per hectare.

Victorian terraces, density 67,8 units per hectare, executive detached homes, density 21,3 to 23,8 units per hectare and ‘towers in the park’ with the highest density 186,6 to 195,6 units per hectare, but with the smallest footprint among all of them. Fig.46

NODES External Primary Node (800 m) External Secondary Node (400 m)

Services, Milton

Despite the fact that Milton is surrounded by relatively successful neighbourhoods, it exhibits lack of nodes and services inside, leaving residents to travel long way for the basic needs. Calculated densities are not formed around existing services, they are not supporting them and with the current street network their growth is under a question.

Fig.47 High Density I (195,6-186,6 u/ha)

Medium Density III (56,6 u/ha)

High Density II (108,3-105,0 u/ha)

Low Density I (31,9 u/ha)

Medium Density I (73,6 u/ha)

Low Density II (28,8-23,8 u/ha)

Medium Density II (67,8 u/ha)

Low Density III (11,7 u/ha)

Strategy Booklet

Existing Street and Transport Network

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Existing Ecological Network

Fig.48 STREETS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT High Speed Roads Primary Roads Local Main Streets Local Secondary Streets Bus Routes

Fig.49 GREEN SPACE Natural / Open Green Space Sports Areas Playing Fields Amenity Green Space Green Corridors - Green Access Routes Allotments Woodland Play/Game Services, Milton Affecting Protected Space

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Strategic Plan

MILTON C3: CONNECTED COMPACT CITY The Analysis stage revealed various challenges and a few important assets in Milton. Despite the fact that the place lacks strong identity in the city context or legible features, it has its people and nature as the core for the future actions. A Connected Compact City concept is a holistic approach, a strategy that aims to cover everything on a local and global scale, to put Milton back on the map and link it to Greater Glasgow. It lies within the concept of the City Development Plan, the Forth and Clyde Canal Development Strategy, and key policies of the Glasgow And Clyde Valley Strategic Development Plan. The biggest challenge of destroying the stereotypical vision of this neighbourhood is answered by positive physical, economical, social and ecological changes. A radical change of identity comes from several major things: The introduction of a new street grid and major links to the Bishopgriggs, Springburn and Possil Park. On a global scale this would mean connecting to the City Centre and the West End through the chain of neighbourhoods; a strong ecological framework of a chain of green spaces, plazas, boulevards, connected with the countryside, Possil Marsh Natural Reserve and Forth and Clyde Canal and with the core green and blue spaces in Glasgow, such as Botanic Gardens and Clyde; regeneration of the Balmore Industrial Estate, an urban village with the mix-use elements and higher densities around new node; evenly developed, compact neighbourhood with the opportunity for expansion but no derelict or unused land; New streetscape created by various housing typology, small parks, gardens and squares, new shops and social spaces; a doubled population, supporting new structures and making it viable; MILTON c3 is not only a strategy of connection and creation of circular urban and green systems, but also about placemaking and creating distinct character to the area, that creates good sustainable future for Milton and Glasgow. Milton Site Boundary Areas of Highest Proposed Density Connections to Valued Ecological Sites Protect the Green Belt Proposed New Canalside Mixed-use Development Integrated with Milton Densified Network of Pedestrian Routes Improved Pedestrian Routes to Surrounding Neighbourhoods and Countryside. New Primary â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Spineâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Road through Milton New Secondary Road through Milton Enhance and Link Community Initiatives Enhance and Link Green Spaces Fig.50

Complete Public Transport around Milton; all residents within 400m of a stop. Proposed Landmark Building to Enhance Legibility

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Proposed Concept Plan The Proposed Concept Plan is a translation of the ambition, expressed in our Vision and strategy to the actual re-development preposition. It demonstrates the result of how the potential of the site can be realized through four Projects implementation that involves minor and global changes. PCP aims to help Milton become Transformation Regeneration Area like Maryhill and Sighthill where restructuring / demolition has been undertaken and regeneration through positive planning has been implemented. Neighbourhood is linked back to the Glasgow by four proposed connections and the four previously distinct areas within Milton is connected through densified street grid. The plan promotes and supports low car ownership and sustainable internal and external travel. As a consequence of the new development, shown in the plan, in time the population of Milton will double in size. A variety of densities and even development throughout Milton assures the viability of new proposed or enhanced nodes, placed in the Eastern and Central parts of the site. It also resolves the housing provision. The Plan incorporates a flood prevention scheme which is a part of natural water flow system on the site; recognises the value and potential of biodiversity outwith designated areas and follows key principles for protecting habitat and ecosystems of Possil Marsh Natural Reserve.

External Primary Node, 800 m External Secondary Node, 400 m Primary nodes (district level) Secondary nodes (district level) Services Low density (D4, D5) Medium density II (D3) Medium density I (D2) High density (D1) New Green Space Enhanced & Linked Green Space Improved Green Interface Primary Roads Secondary Roads Bus Routs Section (see figures on p. 32-35) Gateway to the neighbourhood Landmarks Fig.51

Strategy Booklet

Proposed Nodes & Densities

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Proposed Street & Ecological Networks

Fig.52

Plan A

The supporting densities change throughout the area, forming a holistic urban fabric, which becomes a natural enhanced extension to the city of Glasgow. It provides the necessary variability of the streetscape, a distinct character, yet preserves the important features of the suburban neighbourhood.

Section A

Fig.53

A new Primary Node is places in Regenerated and transformed industrial area, while the Secondary node is holding up the centre. Both they are accessible with the five to ten minutes walk for the whole Milton and aim to cover all internal needs and provide basic services for the residents and visitors.

Fig.55

New Green Space Enhanced & Linked Green Space Improved Green Interface Primary Roads Secondary Roads Bus Routs Landmarks

Proposed Street grid and Hierarchy supports active pedestrian travel and public transport provision through the neighbourhood. New proposed block size, formed by laid grid assures vast connectivity and access to the facilities, allows to maintain low car ownership. Green Network identifies unbuilt areas of land which fulfil an important flood function, and which should allow to to protect built-up areas from floodwater. The green network is linking together natural, semi-natural and manmade open spaces and creates an interconnected network that provides recreational opportunities. New street network is a part of this system.

Section B

Fig.54

Plan B

Fig.57

Fig.56

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Proposed Housing Typology Higher density neighbourhoods do not mean all higher density housing will be the same. A combination of housing types allows for different designs at different times. The new planning system also puts extra emphasis on involving communities early on, and preparing design and access statements showing how new developments will fit into existing areas and meet policy objectives.

Fig.58

With the introduction of various densities Milton has an opportunity of gaining great housing diversity. Concentrated around Primary Node, density 1 (60-65 dwellings/ha) will occupy approximately 11,4 hectare and deliver 707 dwellings hence 2121 persons. This so-called ‘Urban Village’ can be represented in three to four storey housing, forming blocks approximately 100 by 100 meters each. Following density 1, density 2 will bring 1596 dwellings with 4788 persons for the occupied footprint 38 hectare. It will also include areas of the secondary node and of the ‘gateways’ to the neighbourhood. These could be represented in three to two storey semi-detached housing and contemporary Victorian terraces. Density 3 consists of a few different housing types and delivers from 10 to 30 dwellings per hectare (‘Suburban Semis1’ 25-30 dw/ha, ‘Suburban Semis2’ 15-25 dw/ha,’ Executive Homes’ 10-15 dw/ha) and approximately 1914 units with its 100 ha area. It will add up 4788 persons and in total for the whole area of Milton deliver 12651 persons, which will almost double the existing population, but be spread evenly. Future development must represent the idea of continuing city and connection with the West end and Glasgow City Centre, which could be represented in the architecture and materials for the landmark buildings.

Plan C

Section C

Fig.62

Section D

Fig.63

Plan D

Fig.64

Fig.65

Strategy Booklet

Strategic Plan - City Context

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Ecological Network - City Context

Fig.66

Milton Outline

Location of locally important retail, leisure service activities.

Railway Line

Location of activity thats important at the city scale

Railway Station

500m Boundary Area

Proposed location of new retail, leisure service activities

Well connected neighbourhood

Proposed Green Links

Significant development opportunity

Strengthened existing urban corridor or establishment or new urban corridor

Water Connections

Important route to and from the city centre Canal / River

Improved strategic connection

Fig.67

Green Space

Improved Canal-side connections

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Phasing

PHASE III: Patched together

The process of transforming Milton to a new vibrant neighbourhood is very complex, subdivided in several stages. From the surgical approach to some radical planning decisions and independent from each other, phases allow to adapt to the market conditions, citizens needs and policy changes without the risk of leaving area ruined. The process is reverse engineered from the last phase, which is shown in the proposed concept plan. Phase V doesn’t mean the final transformation as the neighbourhood will still have potential to grow and change.

Major changes are happening in the industrial site in this phase. As it continues its redevelopment towards the mix-use urban village, new node begins to form inside. This will become primary node in the future.

PHASE I: Surgical approach

North West is becoming less scattered as it is patched by the new developments around hubs and parks. Some of the old buildings are replaced with modern according to the required density.

This phase is a very light invasion into the neighbourhood. It involves understanding and using the potential of the vacant land, building a foundation for the next phases. The development must take an account future street grid and densities. While the changes might seem minor, they will improve connections and mobilities in the neighbourhood and reorganize movement inside.

Fig.68

Buildings on Scaraway must be demolished and prepared for the next transformation phase. The Balmore Industrial Estate must start a journey towards gradual shrinking with the businesses moving out as well as linking back to Milton.

Fig.70

PHASE IV:Incorporated Milton Last important transport link from Liddesdale Road to Bishopbriggs it built, providing one of the most important changes in the centrality of the place, its connectivity and accessibility.

Milton Park block will be subdivided and the size of the park changed. It’ll become more transparent and open to the natural surveillance. Future Node on Liddesdale must be supported by new developments there on a vacant land. The Lambhill node must be improved and also supported with the new buildings. High risk flooding area on the southern edge must be prepared for the future public green zone development. Green link between the Forth and Clyde Canal is improved.

With the new grid intact, Milton becomes legible and starts to function better and more efficient as a link in a connected system and a place. Balmore Industrial Estate is mostly transformed into a mix-use high density area with the good connections to the canal and the Possil Marsh Natural Reserve. Secondary node on Liddesdale road is formed and supported with the required densities.

PHASE II: Linking South At this stage the approach changes to more radical with the new streets tracing and enhancing green edges. The industrial site starts to shrink. Park on the southern edge gets build fully with the mandatory usage of SUDS. It will neighbor with the new improved football playing fields. The development on vacant land continues.

Fig.69

Foundation for two new schools and new link to the Possil Park is built. Milton Park is complete and the new park, linking countryside and Milton gets foundation. Node begins to form on improved Castlebay Boulevard.

Link to the Possil Park with the ‘gateway’ landmark is built on the south edge, therefore Milton gets new connection to the City Centre. The population at this stage adds up to the 8,000-9,000 persons.

Fig.71

Most of Milton is developed and its population rises gradually to 10,000 - 11,500 persons. By the end of this phase Milton is completly integrated into the Greated Glasgow with its neighboring districts as a part of the Transformation Regeneration Programme.

Proposed Concept Plan is displaying Phase V and shows how it can be after a few decades of work and investment in Milton, both financial and social. Phasing is introduced to make sure that firstly areas that are under pressure for development could be changed in the early years of the lifetime of the plan. There is a reasonable degree of choice and flexibility, in order to ensure the viability of the project and completeness on each stage, to answer market demands and demands of Milton.

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Anastasia Izhikova ‘‘Being a part of the 'Experiencing the City' analysis group allowed me to understand through the personal experience not only weak sides of Milton, but its potential. The variety of interesting sites that appeared after the formation of Strategic and Proposed Concept plans led me to two choices, mainly focused on the Balmore Industrial Estate redevelopment and incorporation into the fabric of Milton: the Forth and Clyde Canal site and the Castlebay BoulevardTorogay street crossing. The formation of new blocks and transition between green and urban and in between densities is an interesting subject I would like to explore in the further study.’’

Conclusion To conclude, Milton was a Town which developed very fast in the middle of the 20th Century due to the high demand for suitable housing. It presents a lot of opportunities and challenges for us as planners, urban designers and architects. Although the area has suffered a decline in living standards, it still very much represents potential to become a welcoming and successful place. Moving forward, the next stage will be to focus on areas that are crucial to that successful change. We as designers are able to learn from previous planning mistakes which can be healed by an entirely different level of change. But more importantly, it has the opportunity to be regenerated as a part of Greater Glasgow and to provide an eco friendly environment for its residents and guests. A fully developed strategy will enable Milton’s residents to have better healthcare and assure their prosperity and growth because as well as people make glasgow, glasgow makes people.

Khalid Ali “From being from Glasgow and living here my entire life, the first thing which struck me when visiting Milton was the lack of connection the area had with the city centre. Given the vast surrounding green belt surrounding the site, none of it connects to the site in a successful way, resulting in the residents feeling cut off from nature and the surrounding areas of the north of Glasgow. My main focus would like to investigate how the western side of Milton, where the Fourth & Clyde Canal runs, can be reconnected and opened up to the residents and the public coming from the south of the city. My study would explore the potential for housing and public areas to be created together with a mixture of greenspace to complement the surrounding terrain.”

Yuan Li “I still remember the advertisement sentences which quoted “I would like to be a part of change” and “But nothing will happen because Milton is like a no man’s land”. Therefore, following on from our Anaysis and Strategy phases I wish to design an environment where Milton’s future citizens are able to live in peace and contentment. I would really like to focus on the problem of housing. I found that many houses and buildings are uninhabited and unmanned, and the utilization rate of buildings is very low in some areas of Milton. For example, there is a living area with a large green space on the west side of Milton Park, but without residents. In the future, we intend to regenerate Milton to be a place where people would wish to live and where they have the choice of the private life of their own home and the public vitality of the street network.”

Fig.72

Strategy Booklet

MILTON C3|Group 3A

Bibliography

List of Figures Cont.

Books

Fig.31- Image 2 - Vauban Housing. Source:https://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history/276-an-introduction-to-vauban-district

Austin, G. (2013) ‘CASE STUDY AND SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF Bo01, MALMÖ, SWEDEN’, Journal of Green Building, 8(3), pp. 34–50. doi: 10.3992/jgb.8.3.34. Barton, H., Grant, M. and Guise, R. (2010) Shaping neighbourhoods: For local health and global sustainability. 2nd edn. London: Routledge. Beatley, T. (2010) Biophilic cities: Integrating nature into urban design and planning. Washington, DC: Island Press. Davies, L. (2000) The Urban Design Compendium. London: English Partnerships. Hall, P.G. (1996) Cities of tomorrow: An intellectual history of urban planning and design in the twentieth century. Oxford, UK: Blackwell publishers. Linton, H. and Linton, R. (1999) Color in architecture: Design methods for buildings, interiors and urban spaces - Harold Lin.. Edited by Wendy Lochner. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc.,US.

List of Figures

Fig.32- Image 3 - Vauban Housing. Source:https://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history/276-an-introduction-to-vauban-district Fig.33- Image 4 - Vauban Housing. Source:https://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history/276-an-introduction-to-vauban-district

Fig.52- Proposed Nodes + Densities Map.

(Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.53- Proposed Street Plan (A). (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.54- Proposed Street Section (A). (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.55- Proposed Street + Ecological Networks. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.34- Image 5 - Plan View of Vauban Housing. Source:https://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history/276-an-introduction-to-vauban-district

Fig.56- Proposed Street Plan (B).

Fig.35- GHA Logo. Source:http://insp.ngo/assets/Logos/GHA-logo.png

(Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.36- SPT Logo. Source:http://www.spt.co.uk/spt-logo.png Fig.37- Scottish Canals Logo. Source:https://www.scottishcanals.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Scottish-Canals-logo-442x281.jpg

(Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.57- Proposed Street Section (B). Fig.58- Proposed Density. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.59- Proposed Housing - Density 1. (Edited by Authors)

Fig.60- Proposed Housing - Density 2.

Fig.01- Milton Place Standard Diagram. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.17- Proposal image for Milton’s new Training Centre. Source: http://lovemilton.org/about

Fig.02- SWOT Analysis - Strengths + Opportunities Map. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.18- Proposed Vision for Milton - Image 1. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.03- Image looking onto Greenbelt land. (Authors own photograph)

Fig.19- Multifaceted Strategy - Physical Map (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.04- Image 1 of Milton’s Community Garden. (Authors own photograph)

Fig.20- Multifaceted Strategy - Environmental Map. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.05- SWOT Analysis - Weaknesses Map. (Created & edited by Authors

Fig.21- Multifaceted Strategy - Social Map. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.40- Architecture + Design Scotland Logo. Source:http://archive.ads.org.uk/resource_files/thumbs/big_ thumb_4090_A+DS_logo_[jpeg].JPG

Fig.06- Image of 75 First Bus.

Fig.22- Multifaceted Strategy - Economical Map. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.41- Love Milton Logo. Source: http://lovemilton.org/

Fig.65- Proposed Street Plan (D).

Fig.23- Image 1 - Aerial View of Crown Street. Source:http://www.rudi.net/books/11739

Fig.42- Scot Ways Logo. Source:https://www.scotways.com/images/logo.gif

Fig.66- Proposed Ecological Network Map.

Fig.08- SWOT Analysis - Threats/Constraints. (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.24- Image 2 - Crown Street Housing. Source:ht tp://w w w.gov.scot /Publications/2008/11/10114526/10

Fig.43- Transport Scotland Logo. Source:http://highwaysmagazine.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Transport-Scotland-logo1-456x300.jpg

Fig.67- Proposed Green Connections - City Context.

Fig.09- Employment Chart Graph for Milton. (Created by History + Stories Analysis Group)

Fig.25- Image 3 - Crown Street Housing. Source:ht tp://w w w.gov.scot /Publications/2008/11/10114526/10

Fig.44- Existing Concept Plan. (Created & edited by Authors)

(Created & edited by Authors)

Source:http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1532/25093615675_20bb2f476b_m.jpg

Fig.07- Colston Road - Gateway to Milton. (Authors own photograph)

Fig.10- Image of entance to substation. (Authors own photograph) Fig.11- Image 2 of Milton’s Community Garden. (Authors own photograph)

Fig.26- Image 4 - Crown Street Housing. Source:ht tp://w w w.gov.scot /Publications/2008/11/10114526/10

Fig.38- First Bus Logo. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/ d6/FirstGroup-Logo.svg/1280px-FirstGroup-Logo.svg.png Fig.39- Glasgow City Council Logo. Source:http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/engineeringGeology/urbanGeoscience/clyde/askNetwork/images/GCC_ logo_000.jpg

Fig.45- Specialist Zone Map. (Created & edited by Authors) Fig.46- Existing Nodes + Densities (2D View). (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.12- Image 3 of Milton’s Community Garden. (Authors own photograph)

Fig.27- Image 1 - Bo01 Malmo. Source:https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/84/264099868_497cce10e4_z.jpg?zz=1

Fig.13- Image 4 of Milton’s Community Garden. (Authors own photograph)

Fig.28- Image 2 - Bo01 Malmo. (from Austin, 2013:43)

Fig.48- Existing Streets & Public Transport.

Fig.14- Love Milton Logo.

Fig.29- Image 3 - Bo01 Malmo.

Fig.49- Existing Green Space Map.

Fig.15- Map showing main division areas in Milton.

Fig.30- Image 1 - Vauban Housing.

Fig.50- Strategic Plan.

Source: http://lovemilton.org/

(Created by History + Stories Analysis Group)

Fig.16- Image showing burnt out vehicle. (Authors own photograph)

(from Austin, 2013:43)

Source:https://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history/276-an-introduction-to-vauban-district

Fig.47- Existing Nodes + Densities (3D View). (Created & edited by Authors) (Created & edited by Authors)

(Edited by Authors)

Fig.61- Proposed Housing - Density 3. (Edited by Authors)

Fig.62- Proposed Street Plan (C). (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.63- Proposed Street Section (C). (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.64- Proposed Street Section (D). (Created & edited by Authors) (Created & edited by Authors) (Created & edited by Authors) (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.68- Phasing Map 1. Fig.69- Phasing Map 2.

(Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.70- Phasing Map 3.

(Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.71- Phasing Map 4.

(Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.72- Proposed Vision for Milton - Image 2. (Created & edited by Authors)

(Created & edited by Authors) (Created & edited by Authors)

Fig.51- Proposed Concept Plan. (Created & edited by Authors)