Ibc.Geo

3 sargebloba da gamoyeneba SenobaTa sargebloba da gamoyeneba samSeneblo kodis ZiriTadi ganxilvis sagania. Cveulebriv, damkveTi arqiteqtorTan midis gansazRvruli tipis Senobis saWiroebiT. am Senobis sasurveli gamoyeneba, samSeneblo kodis mixedviT, gansazRvravs gamoyenebis jgufs. gamoyenebis jgufis klasificirebisas warmoiSoba specifikuri moTxovnebi Senobis daSvebuli farTobisa da simaRlisaTvis, gasasvleli saSualebebisaTvis, aseve, konstruqciis tipisaTvis. saerTaSoriso kodebi, ZiriTadad, gamoyenebis saxeebs emyareba. samSeneblo kodis sxva ZiriTadi debulebebi ganviTarebulia sargeblobis da gamoyenebis klasificirebidan. kodebi yofs sargeblobis saxeebs farTo jgufebad, romelTac ewodeba gamoyenebis jgufebi. es jgufebi kidev iyofa qvejgufebad, romlebisTvisac arsebobs detaluri moTxovnebi. mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemi, samSeneblo kodis mixedviT axdens yvela Senobis an Senobebis nawilebis klasificirebas gamoyenebis jgufebad. klasificirebis TvalsazrisiT, gamoyenebis jgufis mikuTvnebas atipiur gamoyenebasTan yvelaze ukeT aRwers Semdegi: `aseTi nageboba klasificirdeba jgufSi, romelis gamoyenebas yvelaze metad hgavs, saxanZro usafrTxoebidan da masTan dakavSirebuli safrTxeebidan gamomdinare~. amis gamo, samSeneblo kodSi Sesuli gamoyenebis klasificirebis ganzraxva da mizani mravalgzis meordeba. gamoyenebis TiToeuli aRniSnuli klasificireba ganisazRvra samSeneblo kodis Seqmnis dros saxanZro usafrTxoebisa da masTan dakavSirebuli safrTxeebis Sesaxeb monacemebis mixedviT.

gamoyenebis klasificireba gamoyenebis tipis gansazRvra TiTqmis yvela SemTxvevaSi gamomdinarebs im programidan, romelsac damkveTi aZlevs damproeqtebels. kodis sxva moTxovnebi damokidebulia mosargebleTa raodenobasa da Sida da gare faqtorebidan momdinare safrTxeebze. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, kodi iTvaliswinebs, rogorc sakuTrebis dacvas, ise sicocxlis usafrTxoebas. kodSi aseve ganxilulia safrTxeebi, romelTac qmnis momijnave Senobebi. Tumca, momijnave Senobebis dacvis pasuxismgeblobas is aniWebs gansaxilvel Senobas. gamoyenebis klasificireba iTvaliswinebs, Tu: ramdeni adamiani gamoiyenebs Senobas; ra asakisani arian SenobiT mosargebleni; arian mcirewlovani an skolis asakis bavSvebi, romelTaTvisac SesaZloa saWiro iyos specialuri msjeloba saavario gasasvlelebTan dakavSirebiT; aris TavSeyris farTobebi, mag., Teatrebi da kafeteriebi? safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebis an procesebis arsebobis SemTxvevebi aseve iqoniebs gavlenas dasaSveb farTobTan, cecxlsawinaaRmdego kedlebTan da konstruqciis tipTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebze.

saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis gamoyenebis jgufebi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebi, Cveulebriv, ganixileba, rogorc oridan erT-erTi tipiuri gamoyenebis jgufi. pirvelia `E~ gamoyenebuli farTobebi, romlebic saganmanaTleblo mizniT gamoiyeneba eqvsi an meti piris mier 12 klasamde. dRiuri zrunvis dawesebuleba, romelic gankuTvnilia 21/2 welze ufrosi xuTi an meti bavSvisaTvis, aseve, iTvleba `E~ gamoyenebad. am TavSi ufro detalurad ganvixilavT gamoyenebis klasificirebasa da moTxovnebs `E~ gamoyenebis mqone TiToeuli saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebisaTvis. meore mTavari gamoyenebis klasificireba saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebisaTvis exeba im Senobebs, romlebic gankuTvnilia studentebisaTvis 12 klass zemoT da isini iTvleba `B~ gamoyenebad.

• amdenad, saganmanaTleblo daniSnulebis gamoyenebis mTavari qvejgufebi SeiZleba Sejamdes Semdegnairad. sayuradReboa, rom samodelo kodebi ar asxvavebs kerZo an sajaro ganaTlebas. es gansxvaveba, SesaZlebelia, ganisazRvros kanonmdeblobiT, romelic aregulirebs sajaro skolis mSeneblobas. saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebis ori ZiriTadi kategoriaa: • E = 21/2 wlidan 12 klasamde (dRiuri zrunva, dawyebiTi, sabazo da saSualo skola) • B = 12 klass zemoT (profesiuli koleji, municipaluri koleji, kolejebi da universitetebi, saskolo laboratoriebi, savaWro skolebi, saxelobo saswavleblebi, unar-Cvevebis gamosamuSavebeli centrebi) bevr saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebas SeiZleba hqondes sxva masTan dakavSirebuli daniSnulebebic, romlebic calke gamoyenebad ganixileba. bevr B da E gamoyenebis jgufs aqvs TavSeyrisaTvis gankuTvnili sivrceebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba instruqtaJis, saskolo Sekrebebis an sajaro RonisZiebebisaTvis, romlebic warmoadgenen calke A gamoyenebis jgufebs. kolejebSi xSirad aris sazogadoebrivi kvebis momsaxurebis obieqtebi, skolis an kolejis SenobebSi SeiZleba iyos aseve sacalo vaWrobis maRaziebi, romlebic unda CaiTvalos savaWrokomerciul jgufad. Sesabamisad, roca saganmanaTleblo jgufebis specifikur moTxovnebs ganvixilavT, Sereuli gamoyenebis mqone Senobebis moTxovnebis ganxilvac mogviwevs, vinaidan, savaraudoa, rom bevr saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebas SesaZlebelia hqondes Sereuli gamoyeneba. sayuradReboa, rom saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebis kriteriumebi, romelTac Cven ganvixilavT, zogadad exeba mxolod

20 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

iseT gamoyenebas, romelic araa safrTxis Semcveli. damproeqteblebis umetesoba safrTxis Semcvel gamoyenebas ar ganixilavs detalurad, Tumca isini mocemulia 414-e da 415-e nawilebSi, rogorc specialuri moTxovnebis calke nakrebi. vinaidan isini metismetad specifikuria da damproeqteblebis did nawils iSviaTad uwevs maTTan Sexeba, safrTxis Semcvel gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs mxolod zogadad SevexebiT am wignSi.

gamoyenebis saerTo klasificireba da dakavSirebuli sivrceebis gamoyeneba arsebiTia proeqtSi gaTvaliswinebuli gamoyenebis TiToeuli tipis mimarT arsebuli detaluri moTxovnebis wakiTxva. xSiria miTiTebebi sxva kodebis sxvadasxva nawilebze, sadac ufro detaluradaa ganxiluli gamoyenebis kriteriumebi. Semdegi faqtori, romelic zemoqmedebs gamoyenebis klasificirebaze, aris SenobaSi ramdenime saxis gamoyenebis arseboba da maTi fardobiTi zoma Senobis mTavari gamoyenebis mimarT. erTi an dominanturi gamoyenebis garda, arsebobs sami mTavari gamoyeneba, romelic zemoqmedebs gamoyenebis faqtorebis klasificirebaze. Sereuli gamoyenebebis, SemTxveviTi da damxmare gamoyenebebis kriteriumebi bolo dromde mocemuli iyo IBC-is me-3 TavSi. axla isini gadaitanes me-5 TavSi. ixileT Semdegi nawilebi: • SemTxveviTi gamoyenebis farTobebi (§508.2) • Sereuli gamoyeneba (§508.3) • damxmare gamoyeneba (§508.3.1) • gaumijnavi gamoyeneba (§508.3.2) • gamijnuli gamoyeneba (§508.3.3)

• quris oTaxisa da laboratoriis magaliTi, romlebic warmoadgenen damxmare sargeblobis farTobebs.

gamoyenebis jgufebi gamoyenebis jgufebi gamoyenebis umetesobaTa klasificirebisaTvis arsebobs ramdenime saerTo gageba, romlebic unda vicodeT. pirveli, es aris ena: `Senoba, an nageboba, an misi nawili~. es gansxvaveba saSualebas iZleva, Sereuli gamoyeneba arsebobdes erT SenobaSi ise, rom mTeli Senoba ar mivakuTvnoT mxolod erT gamoyenebis jgufs. gamijnuli da gaumijnavi gamoyenebebis koncefcia, Sereuli gamoyenebis Senobebze muSaoebisas, damproeqtebels aZlevs sami arCevanis saSualebas. misi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia SenobebSi arsebuli oTaxebi miekuTvnos sxvadasxva gamoyenebas, romlebic Semdgom, damproeqteblis survilisda mixedviT, moazrebulni iqnebian, rogorc damxmare, gamijnuli an gaumijnavi gamoyenebebi.

Semdegi koncefcia, romelic unda vicodeT, aris is, rom magaliTebi grZeli siidan TiToeul gamoyenebis jgufSi ar warmoadgens mxolod da mxolod ganmartebas imisas, Tu romeli gamoyeneba romeli gamoyenebis jgufSi unda klasificirdes. samSeneblo kodi aRiarebs, rom yvela gamoyenebis farTobi ar Sedis siebSi da mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcems aZlevs mimarTulebas im Senobebis klasificirebisaTvis, romlebic ar aris Sesuli magaliTebSi. klasificirebis kriteriumebi warmodgenilia am Tavis dasawyisSi. IBC adgens Semdeg gamoyenebis jgufebs: • TavSeyris (A) • biznes (B) • saganmanaTleblo (E) • sawarmoo (F) • Zlieri safrTxis Semcveli (H) • institucionaluri/dawesebulebiTi (I) • savaWro/komerciuli (M) • sacxovrebeli (R) • sasawyobo (S) • damxmare daniSnulebisa da sxvadasxva (U) saganmanaTleblosTan dakavSirebuli gamoyenebis klasificireba detalurad ganvixilavT saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis gamoyenebis or umTavres jgufs. Semdeg nakleb dawvrilebiT SevexebiT sxva gamoyenebebs, romlebic SesaZloa Segvxvdes saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis daproeqtebisa da mSeneblobis dros.

saganmanaTleblo jgufi B saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebi profesiuli kolejebis, universtetebisa da swavlis gasagrZelebeli klasebisaTvis 12 klass zemoT miekuTvneba B jgufis gamoyenebas, da ara E jgufisas. yuradReba miaqcieT imasac, rom saklaso oTaxebi saswavlo saavadmyofoebSi unda CaiTvalos aseTi samedicino daniSnulebis B gamoyenebis nawilad. am saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi unda Semowmdes, ramdenad Seesabameba TavSeyris oTaxebi A jgufis gamoyenebis kriteriumebs. saofise farTobebi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, ar aqvs mniSvneloba, ra tipis momxmarebeli iyenebs, Cveulebriv, klasificirdeba, rogorc B jgufis gamoyeneba. ofisebis sasawyobo farTobebi, kerZod, ofisis sacavi oTaxebi, ganmartebis mixedviT ar warmoadgens calke gamoyenebas. B jgufis gamoyenebas ar aqvs qvejgufebi. saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, rogorc saSualo skolebSi, ise 12 klass zeviT saswavleblebSi, xSirad ganTavsebulia sacdeli da kvleviTi laboratoriebi. laboratoriebi, sadac safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebi ar aWarbebs samSeneblo kodSi gansazRvrul raodenobebs, aseve miekuTvneba B jgufis gamoyenebas. xolo sadac aWarbebs minimalur raodenobebs, miekuTvneba H jgufis gamoyenebas. sayuradReboa, rom sawvrTneli da unarCvevebis gamosamuSavebeli dawesebulebebi, romlebic araa ganTavsebuli saskolo an akademiuri gamoyenebis SenobebSi, aseve ganixileba, rogorc B jgufis gamoyeneba. am programebSi SeiZleba monawileobdnen studentebi, romlebic ufro patara asakisani arian, vidre me-12 klasis moswavleebi, amdenad, asakobrivi an klasis donis kriteriumebi ar warmoadgenen mkacr da aucilebel wesebs. am tipis dawesebuleba kargi magaliTia imisa, Tu ratomaa aucilebeli Sesabamisi uflebamosili organos moTxovnebis Sesruleba daproeqtebis adreul etapzeve, raTa Semowmdes kodis interpertaciebi.

USE AND OCCUPANCY / 21

gamoyenebis jgufebi saganmanaTleblo jgufi E $305.1-Si mocemuli saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebisaTvis, romlebic gamoiyeneba eqvsi an meti adamianisaTvis erTdroulad saganmanaTleblo mizniT 12 klasis CaTvliT, klasificirdeba E gamoyenebad. saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebi patara saklaso oTaxebiT, xuTi an naklebi mosargebliT, unda klasificirdes R-3 gamoyenebad, radgan R-3 gamoyenebis mosargebleebi SeiZleba iyvnen nebismieri asakis da mosadlonelia, rom gamoiyeneben sivrces 24 saaTze naklebi droiT. es unda gadamowmdes Sesabamis uflebamosil organosTan. dRiuri zrunvisaTvis gamoyenebuli farTobebi 21/2 wlis asakis xuTi an meti bavSvisaTvis qmnis E jgufis gamoyenebis meore nakrebs $305.2-s Sesabamisad. aseTi gamoyeneba xuTze naklebi bavSvisTvis klasificirdeba, rogorc R-3 jgufi.

• 21/2 wlis 6 an meti bavSvis dRiuri B A

C

zrunvisTvis gankuTvnili gamoyeneba aris E jgufis.

• 21/2 wlis 5 an naklebi bavSvis dRiuri zrunvisTvis gankuTvnili gamoyeneba aris R-3 jgufis.

B A

C

21/2 wlis xuTze met bavSvze gaTvlili dRiuri zrunvis dawesebuleba klasificirdeba, rogorc I-4 gamoyeneba 308.5.2 nawilis Sesabamisad. am nawilis gamonaklisisTvis, sadac bavSvebze dRiuri zrunvisaTvis gankuTvnili farTobi mdebareobs Senobis gareT gasasvlelis doneze da TiToeul bavSvze zrunvis oTaxis gasasvleli kari mdebareobs eqsterieris kedelSi da iReba gareT, maSin gamoyeneba klasificirdeba, rogorc E jgufis.

B

B A

C

22 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

A

C

gamoyenebis jgufebi sxva gamoyeneba, romlebic SeiZleba Segvxvdes saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi

• A-1 jgufi aris TavSeyris farTobebi,

Semdegi gamoyenebebi xSirad gvxvdeba saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, gansakuTrebiT, did dawesebulebebSi. Sereuli gamoyenebis arseboba gansazRvruli unda iyos dawesebulebebis proeqtSi da Sesabamisi gamoyenebis gamijvnebisa da konstruqciis klasificireba unda Seesabamebodes samSeneblo kods. gamoyenebis nusxa, romelic arsebobs, ar aris sruli, magram isea mocemuli, rom ganixilavs iseT gamoyenebebs, romlebic yvelaze metad SeiZleba Segvxvdes saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi.

Cveulebriv, fiqsirebuli skamebiT, mag., didi auditoriebi skolaSi, universtetSi, saswavlo saavadmyofoSi an saganmanaTleblo konferenciisTvis gankuTvnil dawesebulebaSi. scenis arsebobas an ararsebobas ar aqvs mniSvneloba. am klasis gamoyenebis umetesobas unda hqondes fiqsirebuli skamebi. A-1 jgufis gamoyenebis gasasvlelebis mimarT arsebul moTxovnebSi aRiarebulia, rom susti ganaTebis gamo, sagangebo situaciebis dros, xalxi SeiZleba panikaSi Cavardes.

saskolo dawesebulebebis specifikur jgufebSi ar Sedis TavSeyrisTvis gamoyenebuli farTobebi. Tumca, radgan skolebis umetesoba iyenebs did oTaxebs TavSeyris mizniT, isini unda ganixilebodes TavSeyris jgufi A -s moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

• A-2 jgufi aris TavSeyris farTo-

TavSeyris jgufi A TavSeyris jgufebSi warmodgenil magaliTebSi miCneulia, rom amgvari sargeblobisas adamianTa didi jgufebi Tavs iyrian erTad SedarebiT mcire sivrceebSi. rogor gamoiyeneba sivrceebi fizikur TvisebebTan da adamianis qcevasTan urTierTobaSi aseve iwvevs gansxvavebebs TavSeyris kategoriebs Soris, romelTa daxmarebiTac Senobebs an Senobebis nawilebs eniWebaT gamoyenebis klasi. am klasificirebas sabolood gansazRvravs mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemi. sagulisxmoa is, rom samSeneblo kodSi qvekategoriebi warmoadgens magaliTebs da ara SesaZlo gamoyenebebis gansazRvrul an mSral nusxas.

A jgufis gamoyenebad moiazreba farTobebi, romelsac 50 an meti mosargeble hyavs, magram sivrcis gamoyeneba unda Semowmdes kodis enasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic ambobs, rom esenia sivrceebi, gamoyenebuli `samoqalaqo, socialuri an religiuri daniSnulebisTvis, rekreaciisTvis, sakvebis an sasmelis miRebisTvis...~ magaliTad, B an E gamoyenebis saklaso oTaxebs SeiZleba iyenebdes 50-ze meti mosargeble, magram isini ar iTvleba A jgufad. rogorc gamonaklisi, TavSeyris farTobebi, 50-ze naklebi mosargebliT, unda klasificirdes, rogorc B jgufis gamoyeneba. 70 m2-ze naklebi TavSeyris farTobebi, romlebic sxva gamoyenebebis damxmares warmoadgens, aseve ar iTvleba TavSeyris farTobebad. aseTi dawesebuleba SeiZleboda CaTvliliyo aseve E gamoyenebad asakobrivi jgufebis sargeblobisaTvis, romlebic E gamoyenebis klasificirebidan ganisazRvreba.

samz.

saz. kvebis obieqti

bebi, sadac adaminebi iReben sakvebs an sasmels, magaliTad, saavadmyofos sasadilo. navaraudevia, rom skamebi da magidebi mimofantuli iyos da Caxergos an Znelad dasanaxi gaxados gasasvlelisken mimavali biliki. moTxovnebSi aseve aRiarebulia aseTi gamoyenebis arasakmarisi saxanZro istoria.

• A-3 jgufi aris TavSeyris farTobebi, romlebic ar Seesabameba sxva A jgufis kategoriebs. is aseve moicavs sivrceebs religiuri Tayvaniscemis, rekreaciis an garTobisaTvis. saganmanaTleblo SenobebSi amgvari sargeblobebis magaliTebs warmoadgens sportuli darbazi, didi sakonferencio dawesebuleba an media saklaso oTaxi. es klasificireba imisTvisaa gankuTvnili, rom nebismieri sargebloba, romelic TavSyrisaTvis gamoyenebas hgavs da ar xvdeba sxva oTxi A jgufis kategoriaSi, klasificirdes, rogorc A-3 jgufis gamoyeneba.

USE AND OCCUPANCY / 23

gamoyenebis jgufebi

• A-4 jgufi aris TavSeyris farTobebi gadaxurul sivrceebSi Catarebuli sportuli RonisZiebebis sayureblad. skolebSi es iqneba iseTi sportuli darbazebi, romelTac aqvT mayurebelTa skamebi.

• A-5 jgufi aris TavSeyris farTobebi gadauxurav sivrceebSi mowyobil sportul sanaxaobebSi monawileobisaTvis an maT sayureblad. am jgufSi Sedis skolis safexburTo stadioni, imisda miuxedavad aRniSnuli dawesebuleba B gamoyenebas warmoadgens Tu E gamoyenebas.

• principuli gansxvaveba A-4 da A-5 jgufis gamoyenebas Soris aris gadaxuruli da gadauxuravi dawesebuleba. sayuradReboa isic, rom A-4 jgufis gamoyeneba moicavs skamebs mayurebelTaTvis. TavSeyrisaTvis iseTi gamoyeneba, romelic am or klasificirebas hgavs, magram ar akmayofilebs maT yvela kriteriums, ufro metad unda klasificirdes, rogorc A-3 jgufis gamoyeneba.

• rogorc

aRniSnulia $303.1-Si, TavSeyrisaTvis gankuTnili damxmare sivrceebi, 50 mosargebleze naklebiT, rogorc gamonaklisi, unda CaiTvalos ZiriTadi gamoyenebis nawilad. magaliTad, Tu 50 mosargebleze naklebi tevadobis sakonferencio darbazs an sasadilos ufro didi datvirTva aqvs, aucilebeli ar aris, es sivrce klasificirdes, rogorc A jgufis gamoyeneba.

24 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gamoyenebis jgufebi didi safrTxis Semcveli jgufi H safrTxis Semcveli gamoyeneba Tavisuflad SeiZleba, sxva wignis ganxilvis sagani yofiliyo, amitom mas mxolod Sesavlis doneze SevexebiT. am gamoyenebis jgufis qveS klasificirebuli gamoyenebebi Zalian sfecifikuria da moiTxovs kodisa da proeqtis yuradRebian analizs. mniSvnelovania produqciis, procesebis, nivTierebebisgan momdinare safrTxis xarisxebisa da raodenobebis codna. nivTierebebis raodenobebisa da safrTxeebis sxvadasxvagvaroba urTierTqmedebs safrTxis Semcveli gamoyenebis daproeqtebis kriteriumebis gansazRvraSi. gamoyenebebis klasificireba am kategoriaSi TiTqmis ueWvelad moiTxovs konsultacias mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemTan daproeqtebis adreul etapze. safrTxis Semcveli gamoyenebisaTvis arsebobs ori wyeba kriteriumebisa. pirveli wyeba ukavSirdeba gamoyenebuli nivTierebebisgan da am nivTierebebis raodenobebidan momdinare safrTxes. am kategoriaSi xvdeba didi safrTxis Semcveli H-1 – H-4 jgufebi. meore wyeba ukavSirdeba gamoyenebis xasiaTs, aseve gamoyenebuli safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebis raodenobasa da xasiaTs. es aris Zlieri safrTxis Semcveli jgufi H-5. farTobebi, sadac mdebareobs SezRuduli raodenobis safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebi, SeiZleba moxvdes gamoyenebis sxva jgufebSi, roca raodenobebi gansazRvrul zRvrebze naklebia. magaliTad, mcire raodenobiT aalebadi sawmendi siTxeebi an saRebavebi SeiZleba inaxebodes oTaxSi, romelic klasificirebulia, rogorc B jgufis gamoyeneba. M jgufis gamoyenebaSi SeiZleba iyidebodes safrTxis Semcvelad miCneuli, gansazRvruli raodenobis nivTierebebi ise, rom ar moxvdes H jgufis gamoyenebul farTobebSi, radgan nivTierebis raodenoba daSvebul raodenobaze naklebi iyos. es gamonaklisi ekuTvnis mxolod raodenobebs da ar gamoricxavs Sesabamisobas kodis nebismier sxva pirobasTan. sayuradReboa, rom saerTaSoriso saxanZro kodSi mocemulia mSeneblobisa da sargeblobis mimarT bevri damatebiTi moTxovna H jgufis obieqtebisaTvis.

USE AND OCCUPANCY / 25

gamoyenebis jgufebi sakontrolo farTobebi

•

sxva ZiriTadi koncefcia kodis debulebebSi didi safrTxis Semcveli H jgufisaTvis exeba sakontrolo farTobebs. es exeba, rogorc safrTxis Semcveli gamoyenebis mqone Senobebis nawilebs, ise farTobebs, sadac safrTxis Semcveli masalebi xvdeba sxva gamoyenebidan. am koncefciis gansazRvreba sityvasityviT miesadageba $307.2-s:

• sakontrolo farTobebi aris `SenobaSi mdebare sivrceebi, sadac inaxeba, nawildeba, gamoiyeneba an iyideba safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebi, romelTa raodenoba ar aRemateba erTi sakontrolo farTobisaTvis maqsimalurad dasaSveb raodenobas.~

•

• 11 10

•

9 8

•

7 6

•

5 4

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3 2 1 B1 B2

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sakontrolo farTobebis koncefcia uSvebs, Senobis sxvadasxva nawilebSi mdebareobdes safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebi, Tu farTobebi saTanadodaa gamijnuli da nivTierebebis raodenoba TiToeul farTobze Seesabameba nivTierebis TiToeuli tipisaTvis gansazRvrul maqsimumebs. es kriteriumebi aZlierebs im mosazrebas, rom safrTxis xarisxebs asustebs pasiuri da/an aqtiuri xanZarsawinaaRmdego zomebi. es koncefcia efuZvneba or umTavres sakiTxs. pirvelia nivTierebis safrTxis xasiaTi. meorea is, rom safrTxis xarisxi umTavresad dakavSirebulia mocemul farTobze nivTierebebis raodenobasTan. sakontrolo farTobebi erTmaneTisgan unda gaimijnos 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZle barieris kedlebiTa da minimum 2 sTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone iatakebiT. $414.2.4-is gamonaklisis daSvebiT, IIA, IIIA da VA tipis konstruqciis SenobebSi SesaZlebelia iyos 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone iatakebi, roca Senobebi mTlianad aRWurvilia saSxefebeli sistemiT da sami an naklebsarTuliania. meoTxe da yoveli Semdgomi iatakisaTvis nulovan niSnuls zemoT, cecxlgamZle barieris kedlebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda iyos 2 saaTi. sayuradReboa rogorc safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebis maqsimalurad dasaSvebi raodenoba, ise sakontrolo farTobebis raodenobis kleba Senobis pirveli iatakis zemoT da qvemoT. nulovani niSnulidan cxra iatakze maRla, TiTo sarTulze nebadarTulia erTi sakontrolo farTobi, dasaSvebi raodenobis 5%-iT. nulovani niSnulis zemoT meSvidedan mecxre iatakis CaTvliT TiTo sarTulze SeiZleba iyos ori sakontrolo farTobi, TiTo sakontrolo farTobze dasaSvebi raodenobis 5%-iT. nulovani niSnulis zemoT meoTxedan meeqvse iatakis CaTvliT TiTo sarTulze SeiZleba iyos ori sakontrolo farTobi, TiTo sakontrolo farTobze dasaSvebi raodenobis 12,5%-iT. nulovani niSnulis zemoT mesame iatakze SeiZleba iyos ori sakontrolo farTobi, TiTo sakontrolo farTobze dasaSvebi raodenobis 50%-iT. nulovani niSnulis zemoT meore da niSnuls qvemoT pirvel iatakebze SeiZleba iyos sami sakontrolo farTobi, TiTo sakontrolo farTobze dasaSvebi raodenobis 75%-iT.

specialuri detaluri moTxovnebi sakontrolo farTobebis gamijvnis Sesaxeb mocemulia me-4 TavSi da 414.2.2 cxrilSi. amdenad, me-4 Tavi wakiTxul unda iqnas me-3 TavTan erTad, raTa ganisazRvros kodis yvela Sesabamisi moTxovna.

gamoyenebis jgufebi savaWro/komerciuli jgufi M B an E gamoyenebis damxmare savaWro/ komerciuli gamoyenebebi SeiZleba moicavdes sacalo vaWrobis maRazias an kafes. aRniSnuli gamoyenebis jgufi moicavs damxmare sawyobebs, romelTa farTobi saerTo iatakis farTobis 10%mdea, $508.3.1 da 508.3.3 cxrilis sqolio b. –is Tanaxmad. sivrceebi mainc gansxvavebul gamoyenebad unda CaiTvalos. ufro didi sasawyobo farTobebi unda klasificirdes S jgufad. sacalo vaWrobis Senobebis umetesoba, miuxedavad imisa, ra iyideba iq, xvdeba am gamoyenebis klasSi. arsebobs safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebis raodenobebis SezRudvebi, romlebic SeiZleba Seinaxos savaWro-komerciul gamoyenebul farTobebze ise, rom ar moxvdes H jgufis gamoyenebis klasSi.

• sayuradReboa, rom sacxovrebel gamoy-

sacxovrebeli jgufi R sacxovrebeli gamoyeneba moicavs tipiuri sacxovrisebis erTeulebs, romlebic mxolod mosargebleTa raodenobis mixedviT gansxvavebian. am jgufSi aseve Sedis mciremasStabiani institucionaluri gamoyeneba, kerZod, dRiuri zrunvis dawesebulebebi, romlebzec zemoT iyo saubari da romlebic sxvagvarad SesaZloa E gamoyenebad yofiliyo miCneuli, magram sadac mosargebleTa raodenoba zRvars qvemoTaa.

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enebasTan dakavSirebuli terminTa ganmartebebi Sesulia sacxovrebeli gamoyenebis nawilSi, Tumca isini exeba ara mxolod am nawils, aramed mTel kods.

• R-3 jgufis mosargebleebi arian mudmivmacxovreblebi, ar arian droebiT macxovreblebi da es jgufi ar akmayofilebs R-1, R-2 an I jgufis gamoyenebis kriteriumebs. rac Seexeba saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebasTan kavSirs, es klasi moicavs xuTi an naklebi adamianisaTvis (bavSvebis an zrdasrulebisTvis) gankuTvnil dRiuri zrunvis dawesebulebebs, romelTac isini iyeneben 24 saaTze naklebi drois ganmavlobaSi. bevr iurisdiqciaSi, es gamoyeneba regulirdeba saerTaSoriso sacxovrebeli kodis Sesabamisad, roca is miRebulia adgilobrivi iurisdiqciis mier.

mudmivi sacxovrebeli

USE AND OCCUPANCY / 27

gamoyenebis jgufebi sasawyobo jgufi S iseTi nivTierebebis Sesanaxad, romelTa raodenobebi an Tvisebebi ar aris miCneuli imdenad safrTxis Semcvelad, rom miekuTvnos H jgufis gamoyenebis faqtorebs, klasificirdeba, rogorc S jgufis. S jgufis or qvejgufs Soris gansxvavebebi msgavsia F jgufis or qvejgufs Soris gansxvavebebisa: saSualo safrTxis Semcveli S-1 gamoyeneba da mcire safrTxis Semcveli S-2 gamoyeneba. orive kategoriis magaliTebis nusxa sakmaod vrceli da detaluria. roca gamoyeneba Seicavs sxvadasxva produqtebis Sereul jgufebs, sakmaod rTuli SeiZleba iyos imis gansazRvra, gamoyenebis romeli jgufi unda gamoviyenoT. gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos Senobis dagegmili gamoyenebebi da droTa ganmavlobaSi mosalodneli potenciuri cvlilebebi. sasurvelia gasaubreba mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemTan daproeqtebis adreul etapze, raTa miviRoT Tanxmoba SeTavazebul klasificirebaze. rogorc gansxvavebaSi F-1 da F-2 gamoyenebas Soris, gansxvavebebi S-1 da S-2 Soris aris is, rom S-2 gamoyenebulia arawvadi nivTierebebis Sesanaxad.

damxmare daniSnulebisa da sxvadasxva jgufi U am jgufSi Sedis damxmare xasiaTis Tanmxlebi Senobebi. es nagebobebi, Cveulebriv, ar aris gamoyenebaSi 24 saaTis ganmavlobaSi, aramed mxolod mcire drois monakveTSi, gamijnulia da emsaxureba sxva gamoyenebas. gamoyenebis es jgufi iSviaTad gamoiyeneba. is ar aris gankuTvnili iseTi tipis gamoyenebis saTavsod, romelTa kategoria advilad ar ganisazRvreba. sayuradReboa isic, rom es jgufi ar moicavs mxolod Senobebs, aramed iseT nagebobebsac, rogoricaa 1829 mm simaRlis Robeebi da sayrdeni kedlebi.

28 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

4 specialuri sargebloba da gamoyeneba tipiuri gamoyenebisaTvis arsebul moTxovnebTan erTad, samSeneblo kodis me-4 TavSi mocemulia detaluri moTxovnebi Senobis specifikuri konfiguraciebisTvis. aseTi Senobebis gamoyeneba, Cveulebriv, Seesabameba tipiuri gamoyenebis erT an met jgufs, magram aseTi Senobebis specifikuri Taviseburebebi samSeneblo kodis damatebiT debulebebs moiTxovs. amgvari konfiguraciebis Senobebis an saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebis SesaZlo gamoyenebebis magaliTebia: maRlivi Senobebi, atriumebi, avtosadgomi garaJebi, filmebis gamSvebi/saproeqcio oTaxebi, scenebi an baqnebi. saganmanaTleblo daniSnulebiT gamosayenebeli maRlivi Senobebi SeiZleba miekuTvnos B an E jgufis gamoyenebas. Cveulebriv, maTi mosargebleTa datvirTva Zalian didia da maTi gamoyenebuli iatakebi mdebareobs saxanZro samsaxuris kibis misadgomze maRla. atriumebis interieris didi nawili Riaa fexiT mosiaruleTa bilikebisa da gamoyenebuli sivrceebisken. didi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis saklaso oTaxis an saofise Senobis Sesasvleli vestibiuli SeiZleba atriumad CaiTvalos, amdenad, am TavSi aseve SevexebiT atriumebis mimarT arsebul saerTo moTxovnebs. mosalodnelia, rom saganmanaTleblo Senobebs eqneba avtosadgomi nagebobebi, amdenad, isinic ganxilulia am TavSi. me-4 TavSi warmodgenil gamoyenebebs darTuli aqvs kodis mosazrebebi ufro tipiuri gamoyenebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic SesaZloa Segvxvdes gamoyenebis gansaxilvel jgufSi. marTalia, sacxovrebeli gamoyeneba, mag., saerTo sawoli oTaxebi, SeiZleba arsebobdes saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, Tumca isini sacxovrebeli Senobebia da ara saganmanaTleblo, Sesabamisad aq ar SevexebiT. Tumca, sayuradReboa, rom SeiZleba arsebobdes Sereuli gamoyenebis Senobebi, sadac kombinirebulia saganmanaTleblo da sacxovrebeli gamoyeneba. damproeqtebelma unda icodes, rom arsebobs damatebiTi moTxovnebi gammijnavi kedlebisa da horizontaluri gammijnavebisaTvis, romlebic mocemulia me-4 Tavis $419-Si da exeba R gamoyenebas.

Senobebis axali tipebis ganviTareba xSirad win uswrebs kodis Sesabamisi debulebebis SemuSavebas. mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemma unda upasuxos mesakuTreTa moTxovnebs amgvari nagebobebis agebis Sesaxeb da gadawyvitos isini TiToeuli konkretuli SemTxvevis mixedviT. Senobis am axali tipebis an axali gamoyenebebis farTod gavrcelebis sapasuxod, kodi agrovebs informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor gadawyvites am axali Senobebis sakiTxi sxvadasxva iurisdiqciebma da kodis ganviTarebis procesSi muSavdeba axali debulebebi maT Sesaxeb. am debulebebis gamoyeneba gaTvaliswinebulia sxva Sesabamis debulebebTan erTad, romlebic gamoyenebis klasificirebas exeba. mas Semdeg, rac damproeqtebeli gansazRvravs Senobis klass gamoyenebis mixedviT, unda Semowmdes, ramdenad Seesabameba Senobis tipi am specifikuri gamoyenebis jgufebis gansazRvrebebsa da maTTvis gansazRvrul damatebiT kriteriumebs. sargeblobisa da gamoyenebis procesis analizs unda mohyves analizi imisa, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba SemoTavazebuli Senoba samSeneblo kodis me-3 TavSi aRweril sargeblobebsa da gamoyenebebs. amis Semdeg unda gaanalizdes aseve me-4 TavSi mocemuli kriteriumebis mixedviT da inaxos, romelia Sesabamisi, Tu saerTod aris.

specialuri sargebloba da gamoyeneba unda gvaxsovdes, rom kodis me-4 Tavis detaluri debulebebi dakavSirebuli da koordinirebulia ufro Zireul moTxovnebTan, romlebic mocemulia me-3 TavSi sargeblobisa da gamoyenebis moTxovnebis Sesaxeb. damproeqtebeli, rogorc kodis momxmarebeli, Senobis analizis dros, unda wavides zogadidan specifikurisken. daiwyeT sargeblobisa da gamoyenebis zogadi kategorizaciiT. Semdeg gadaxedeT me-4 Tavis detalur moTxovnebs da moZebneT is debulebebi, romlebic mocemuli SenobisTvisaa Sesaferisi. SesaZloa vinmem specifikuri gamoyenebis analizi detaluri moTxovnebis ganxilviT daiwyos, Tumca kodi isea organizebuli, rom Tavdapirvelad gamoyenebis saxe unda ganisazRvros da Semdeg detaluri kriteriumebi. iseve, rogorc araa saWiro sqolioebis specialurad Seswavla imisaTvis, rom miagno cxrilebis nawilebs, romlebic SeiZleba arasworad iqnas gamoyenebuli, momxmarebels ar sWirdeba ukan dabruneba analizis keTebisas, radgan aman SesaZloa kodis araswori interpretireba gamoiwvios.

logias, kodSi maT metad specifikuri mniSvnelobebi aqvT. ganixileT Senobis daproeqtebis pirobebi da ganmartebebi yuradRebiT, raTa gansazRvroT, ramdenad gamoyenebadia ganmarteba Senobis dasaproeqteblad. ganmartebis am analizma SesaZloa gamokveTos proeqtis Secvlis aucilebloba, imisaTvis rom proeqti kodTan Sesabamisi iyos, an gamoavlinos misi reklasificirebis saWiroeba.

• Tavdapirvelad daadgineT zogadi sargeblobisa da gamoyenebis jgufi, romelsac Senoba miekuTvneba da ganixileT me-3 Tavis moTxovnebi.

• jgufi A TavSeyris

Cven ganvixilavT Senobis specifikur tipebs, romlebic gvxvdeba saganmanaTleblo daniSnulebis gamoyenebebze da aRvwerT maT gansxvavebul kriteriumebs, aseve SevexebiT kodis im umTavres damatebiT debulebebs, romlebic maTTanaa dakavSirebuli. Cven ganvixilavT im specifikur gamoyenebebs, romlebic yvelaze metad xvdebaT damproeqteblebs. sayuradReboa, rom ramdenime Zalian specifikuri gamoyeneba gamotovebulia, radgan isini iSviaTad gvxvdeba. umetesoba ukavSirdeba H jgufis gamoyenebas an procesebTan dakavSirebul specialur gamoyenebebs. damproeqtebelTa did nawils iSviaTad aqvs maTTan an sxva metismetad specifikur nagebobebTan Sexeba, rogorebicaa magaliTad gasarTobi Senobebi.

SesaZloa, calkeulma laboratoriulma an saeqsperimento procesebma, romlebic saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi mimdinareobs, moiTxovos miwisqveSa dawesebulebebis aucilebloba, magram aseTi dawesebulebebi imdenad iSviaTad gvxvdeba da imdenad specifikuri daniSnulebisaa, rom aq ar ganvixilavT maT mimarT arsebul moTxovnebs. Tumca, damproeqtebelma unda icodes miwisqveSa SenobebTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis Sesaxeb, romlebic mocemulia IBC-is me-4 TavSi da warmoadgens gamoyenebis an konstruqciis tipebis mimarT kodSi gansazRvrulis sxva damatebiT moTxovnebs. me-4 Tavis bevri nawili Seicavs sargeblobisa da gamoyenebis ganmartebebs, romlebic specifikur debulebebs exeba. es ganmartebebi CamoTvlilia kodis me-2 TavSi da mdebareobisa da axsna-ganmartebisaTvis miTiTebulia Sesabamisi nawili. sayuradReboa, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom ganmartebebi SeiZleba msgavsi Candes da iyenebdes zogad samSeneblo termino-

• jgufi B biznes

• jgufi E saganmanaTleblo

• jgufi F sawarmoo

• jgufi H safrTxis Semcveli

• jgufi I institucionaluri

• Semdeg gadadiT me-4 Tavze da gadaxedeT specialur detalur moTxovnebs sargeblobisa da gamoyenebis safuZvelze. moTxovnebi, romlebic yvelaze savaraudoa, rom Segvxvdes saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis proeqtebSi, mocemulia msxvili SriftiT

• jgufi M savaWro/ komerciuli

• jgufi R sacxovrebeli

• jgufi S sasawyobo

• jgufi U damxmare daniSnulebis da sxvadasxva

30 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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gadaxuruli molis Senobebi maRlivi Senobebi atriumebi satransporto saSualebebTan dakavSirebuli Senobebi (avtosadgomi garaJebi) miwisqveSa Senobebi institucionaluri jgufebi I–2 da I–3 filmebis gamSvebi oTaxebi scenebi da baqnebi/platformebi specialuri gasarTobis Senobebi sahaero xomaldebTan dakavSirebuli Senobebi wvadi maragi safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebi aalebadi mosapirkeTeblebis gamoyeneba saSrobi oTaxebi organuli safarebi jgufi I-1, R-1, R-2, R-3 wyalbadis gamosacalkevebeli oTaxebi

maRlivi Senobebi ramdenadac samSeneblo teqnologia maRlivi konstruqciebis ganviTarebis saSualebas iZleva, Senobebi xSirad win uswreben kodis debulebebs, romlebic aucilebelia axali pirobebis gansazRvrisaTvis, romlebic gavlenas axdenen saxanZro da sicocxlis usafrTxoebaze. maRlivi SenobebSi, sadac axali struqturuli teqnologiisa da liftebis saSualebiT SesaZlebelia mosargebleTa gadayvana/transportireba, aRemateba xanZarTan brZolis im procedurebs, romlebic ufro dabali SenobebisaTvis gamoiyeneba. isini iyeneben iatakebs, sadamdec saxanZro manqanebis TviT yvelaze maRali kibeebic ver wvdebian. sayuradReboa, rom maRlivi Senobebis gasasvlelebis sistemebi daproeqtebulia mosargebleTa datvirTvebsa da kodSi (ix. Tavi 10) warmodgenil gasasvlelebis mimarT moTxovnebis safuZvelze. kibis ujredebi erT-erTi umTavresi gasasvleli saSualebaa liftebTan erTad, romelic uzrunvelyofs misadgom gasasvlel saSualebebs $1007is Sesabamisad. sayuradReboa, rom $1007is mixedviT, avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi unda damontaJdes TavSesafar farTobebze.

• $403-Si maRlivi Senobis ganmarteba efuZvneba simaRles, rac aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom saxanZro samsaxuris Cveulebrivi gasaSleli kibeebi da Slangidan gamomavali Wavli efeqturad iqnas gamoyenebuli xanZris Casaqrobad. amdenad, Senoba, sadac gamoyenebuli iataki 22 860 mm-ze maRlaa saxanZro samsaxuris misadgomi donidan, ganisazRvreba, rogorc maRlivi. maRliv SenobebSi xanZris Casaqrobad mexanZreebs uwevT SenobaSi Sesvla da maRal sarTulebze asvla.

SPECIAL USES AND OCCUPANCIES / 31

maRlivi Senobebi • yovel aucilebel kibeze, sadac kibis karebebi Caketilia, yovel mexuTe iatakze unda iyos saavario telefoni.

• $403.7 moiTxovs §907.2.12.3-is Sesabamisad dayenebul ormxriv sakomunikacio sistemas saxanZro samsaxuris moxmarebisaTvis, romelic moemsaxureba xanZris sakontrolo centrsa da liftebs, vestibiulebs, sarezervo energomomaragebis oTaxebs, TavSesafar farTobebsa da SemozRudul kibeebs. sakomunikacio meqanizmi unda damontaJdes TiToeul iatakis doneze SemozRudul kibeze.

kodis moTxovnebi maRlivi SenobebisaTvis warmoadgens pasiuri da aqtiuri zomebis kombinacias.

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32 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Senobebi unda aigos arawvadi masalebiT. Saxtebi da vertikaluri gamWoli Riobebi SemozRuduli unda iyos, rom xeli SeuSalos kvamlisa da cecxlis gavrcelebas. liftis vestibiulebis Sesaxeb $707.14is moTxovnebis ilustraciebi ixileT 86-e gverdze. $403.2 iTxovs avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebis dayenebas mTel maRliv SenobaSi. C, D, E an F seismuri daproeqtebis kategoriebSi, meoradi wyalmomarageba hidravlikuri saSxefebeli sistemisaTvis uzrunvelyofili unda iyos 30 wuTis ganmavlobaSi $903.3.5.2-is Sesabamisad. $403.3-iT nebadarTulia cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis Semcireba, Tu avtomatur saSxefebel sistemas aqvs sakontrolo sarqvelebi, romlebic aRWurvilia sakontrolo gamSvebi meqanizmebiTa da wylis nakadis gamSvebi meqanizmebiT TiToeuli iatakisaTvis. §403.5 iTxovs, kvamlis aRmomCenebi mierTdes §907.2.12.1-is Sesabamis avtomatur saxanZro gangaSis sistemasTan. §403.6 iTxovs, saavario xmovani/gangaSis sakomunikacio sistema aqtiurdebodes cecxlis nebismieri avtomaturi aRmomCenis, xeliT marTvadi saxanZro gangaSis kolofis an saSxefebeli meqanizmis amuSavebisas. §403.8 iTxovs, $911-is Sesabamisi xanZarsawinaaRmdego sakontrolo centri mdebareobdes saxanZro samsaxuris mier daSvebul adgilas.

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§403.10 da 11 iTxovs, saTadarigo da saavario energomomaragebis sistemebi ganTavsdes calke oTaxSi, romelic SemozRudulia 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone barierebiT da bunebrivi airis sawvavi miewodebodes milsadeniT an sawvavis adgilobrivi 2 saaTiani maragiT. es energo sistemebi aucilebelia saevakuacio an xanZarsawinaaRmdego sistemebis muSaobisaTvis, rogorebicaa: liftebi, kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi, saavario ganaTebisa da xanZarsawinaaRmdego sistemebi da procesebi. gadaamowmeT Sesabamis uflebamosil organosTan, rom gansazRvroT saxanZro kodis gansxvavebebi da moTxovnebi sarezervo da saavario energomomaragebis sistemebisaTvis.

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§403.12 iTxovs, kibis karebebi, romlebic Caketilia kibis Sida mxridan, erTdroulad iRebodes xanZris sakontrolo centridan.

atriumebi atriumebi Senobis axali tipi iyo, romelic specialur reagirebas moiTxovda samSeneblo kodis mxridan, radgan maTi gamoyeneba gaxSirda. kodis moTxovnebi, romlebic warmodgenilia $404-Si atriumebis Sesaxeb, aerTianebs molebisa da maRlivi Senobebis saxanZro da sicocxlis usafrTxoebis aspeqtebTan dakavSirebul debulebebs. rac Seexeba gadaxurul molebsa da maRliv Senobebs, kodi moiTxovs, rom atriumebSi uzrunvelyofili iyos aqtiuri da pasiuri xanZarsawinaaRmdego zomebis erTgvari narevi. Tumca, atriumian SenobebSi ufro metad gamoiyeneba aqtiuri sistemebi saxanZro da sicocxlis usafrTxoebisaTvis.

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•

•

kodi iTxovs, rom gasasvleli saSualebebi, romlebic atriumebs iyeneben, ufro mokle iyos sigrZeSi, vidre sxva tipis SenobebSia. atriumiani Senobebi mTlianad unda iyos aRWurvili saSxefebeli sistemebiT. arsebobs SezRuduli gamonaklisebi $404.3-Si ganxiluli calkeuli farTobebisaTvis, magram ZiriTadad aseTi Senobebi mTlianad unda iyos aRWurvili saSxefebeli sistemebiT. atriumis Riobebi SeiZleba daifaros gamWvirvale safarebiT, Tu uzrunvelyofilia xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemiT.

yvelaze mniSvnelovani, atriumebSi saxanZro da sicocxlis usafrTxoebis TvalsazrisiT, aris kvamlis kontroli. atriumebs unda hqondes $909-is Sesabamisi kvamlis samarTavi sistemebi. es urTierTdakavSirebuli, rTuli aRmomCeni sistemebi, ventilatorebi da makontroleblebi iWers an gandevnis kvamls da atriumiT mosargebleebs usafrTxod gasvlis saSualebas aZlevs.

• gansazRvrebiT, atriumi aris Riobi, romelic aerTebs or an met iatakis dones da romelic daxurulia zeda mxridan. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, esaa urTierTdakavSirebuli iatakis Riobebis wyeba Senobis SigniT, romelic qmnis fizikur kavSirsa da saerTo atmosferos Senobis iatakis doneebs Soris. kodis ganmartebiT, atriumis zeda nawili daxurulia.

atriumis ganmarteba nawilobriv gansazRvravs, ras ar warmoadgens igi.

• SenobiT SemozRuduli Ria sivrce qmnis Sida ezos da ara atriums.

• aivnebi TavSeyris farTobebze an antresolebi ar qmnis atriums.

• iatakebSi gamavali Riobebis wyeba, romelic SemozRudulia SaxtiT, rogoricaa SemozRuduli kibe, lifti an arxi, ar qmnis atriums.

SPECIAL USES AND OCCUPANCIES / 33

atriumebi • §404.3 iTxovs, rom daSvebuli avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema yvelgan damontaJdes.

• saSxefebeli sistemis moTxovna ar exeba Senobis nawils, romelic emijneba atriums an mis maRlaa, Tu es nawili gamijnulia atriumisgan 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZle barieris kedlebiT an horizontaluri konstruqciebiT, an oriveTi.

• avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT dacva atriumis WerisaTvis aucilebeli ar aris, Tu Weri iatakidan 16 764 mm-ze maRlaa.

• §404.4 iTxovs, kvamlis sakontrolo sistema damontaJdes $909-is Sesabamisad, ise rom atriumis sivrce Tavisufali iyos kvamlisgan da SesaZlebeli iyos misi gamoyeneba usafrTxo gasasvlel saSualebad.

• haeris gamwovi saSualebebi kvamlis sakontrolo sistemisaTvis.

• §404.5 iTxovs, atriumis sivrceebi gaimijnos momijnave sivrceebisgan 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZle barieris kedlebiT. • dasaSvebia SuSis kedlebi, romlebic mijnavs atriumis sivrces momijnave sivrceebisgan, Tu isini asrulebs kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebis funqcias da SeiZleba dasveldes avtomaturi saSxefeblebis gaaqtiurebisas, romlebic mdebareoben saSxefeblis centridan 1829 mm-Si orive mxris gaswvriv da damontaJebulia 102 mm-dan 305 mm-mde manZilis daSorebiT SuSidan. dacva saWiroa mxolod erTi mxridan, Tu atriumis mxares ar aris savali biliki.

• 1 saaTiani damcavis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia atriumis nebismieri sami iatakis momijnave sivrceebisaTvis, Tu es sivrceebi gaTvaliswinebulia kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis dasaproeqteblad atriumis moculobis gamoTvlisas.

• §404.6 iTxovs, $909.11-is Sesabamisi saavario sarezervo sistema xelmisawvdomi iyos kvamlis sakontrolo sistemisaTvis.

• §404.8 zRudavs gasasvlelTan misadgom saval manZils 60 960 mm-mde, garda atriumis yvelaze dabal doneze, sadac aucilebeli gasasvleli saSualebebi atriumis sivrceSi gadis.

• haeris Semosatani saSualebebi kvamlis sakontrolo sistemisaTvis.

34 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Zravian satransporto saSualebebTan dakavSirebuli gamoyenebebi tradiciulad, samSeneblo kodebisTvis did sirTules warmoadgenda avtosadgomi nagebobebisa da garaJebis klasificireba. kodebis SemqmnelTa Soris aris Zveli warmodgena, rom arsebobs aalebadi sawvavisa da mavne airebis/gazebis gamomSvebi satransporto saSualebebisgan ganuyofeli safrTxeebi. da mainc, usafrTxoebis TvalsazrisiT, Senobebs, romlebic am tipis gamoyenebas moicavs, zogadad, kargi usafrTxoebis istoria aqvs. am gamoyenebul farTobebTan dakavSirebuli specialuri interesebis gamo, romlebic warmodgenilia winamorbed kodebSi, $406Si es gamoyenebebi dajgufebulia calke kategoriad, romelic SeiZleba CaiTvalos gansxvavebuli gamoyenebis jgufad.

kerZo garaJebi da avtofarexebi

avtosadgomi garaJebi

kerZo garaJebi an avtofarexebi kerZo gamoyenebisTvisaa da Seesabameba zogad ganmartebas imisa, Tu Cven yvelani ras miviCnevT sacxovrisis avtosadgomad.

Cveulebriv, isini miCneulia U jgufis gamoyenebad. gamijvnisadmi moTxovnebi mocemulia me-4 TavSi, $406.1.4-Si. es moTxovnebi miTiTebulia 503-e cxrilSi, romelic aregulirebs Senobebis simaRleebsa da farTobebs. sayuradReboa, rom erTi da ori ojaxis sacxovreblebi da maTi damxmare nagebobebi, rogoricaa garaJebi, regulirdeba saerTaSoriso sacxovrebeli kodiT.

§406.2 avtosadgom garaJebs yofs Ria da daxurul avtosadgomi garaJebad.

• saxlis momijnave SemozRudul garaJs

Zravian satransporto saSualebebTan dakavSirebuli gamoyenebebi iyofa xuT zogad kategoriad: 1. kerZo garaJebi an avtofarexebi 2. Ria avtosadgomi garaJebi 3. SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJebi 4. sawvaviT gasamarTi sadgurebi 5. SesakeTebeli samuSaoebisTvis gankuTvnili garaJebi

2134 mm minimaluri daSveba

unda hqondes TabaSiris filis minimum 12,7mm-is fena garaJis mxares. sadac oTaxebi farTovdeba garaJis saxuravis xarjze, unda gamoiyenebodes `x~ tipis minimum 15,9mm-is TabaSiris fila; • garaJsa da saxls Soris arsebuli karebebi masiuri xis an masiur guliani unda iyos, sisqiT minimum 34,9mm an 715.4.3 nawilis Sesabamisi.

h

l8 l1 l7

H

l2 l3

l6 l5

saerTo simaRle

l4

W

[l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 + l6 + l7 + l8] ≥ [2W + 2L] -is 40%

Ria avtosadgomi garaJebi sxvadasxva satransporto saSualebebisTvis gankuTvnili Senobebia, romlebic gamoiyeneba satransporto saSualebebis gasaCereblad an Sesanaxad. isini, Cveulebriv, klasificirdeba, rogorc S-2 jgufis gamoyeneba. am gansazRvrebasTan Sesabamisobis misaRwevad, kodis $406.3.3-Si gansazRvrulia, rogori unda iyos Riobebis moculoba da rogor unda ganawildes isini. vinaidan es Riobebi ise nawildeba, rom uzrunvelyos avtosadgomi iarusebis gamWoli ganiaveba, meqanikuri ventilacia saWiro aRar aris.

• §406.2.2 iTxovs, rom yvela avtosadgom garaJSi, TiToeuli iatakis doneze, transportisa da fexiT mosiaruleTa gasavlelad, minimaluri Tavisufali simaRle iyos 2134 mm.

• §406.2.3 iTxovs $1012-is Sesabamis damcavebs.

• §406.2.4 iTxovs $1607.7-is Sesabamis satransporto barierebs.

• §406.3.3.1 iTxovs Riobebis Tanabrad ganawilebas or an met mxares Ria avtosadgomi garaJebis bunebrivi ganiavebisaTvis.

• iarusze Riobebis saerTo farTobi unda iyos am iarusis kedlis saerTo perimetris farTobis minimum 20%.

• Riobebis gaerTianebuli sigrZe iarusze unda Seadgendes am iarusis saerTo perimetris minimum 40%-s. interieris kedlebis minimum 20% Ria unda iyos, Riobebi ki Tanabrad ganawilebuli.

• miuxedevad imisa, rom mesame mxares Riobebi aucilebeli ar aris, gamWoli ganiavebisaTvis umjobesia, Riobebi erTmaneTis sapirispiro mxares ganTavsdes.

• 406.3.5 cxrilSi gansazRvrulia Ria

L

h x [l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 + l6 + l7 + l8] ≥ [H x (2W + 2L)] -is 20%

Ria avtosadgomi garaJebi

avtosadgomi garaJebis iatakis dasaSvebi farTobebi da simaRleebi, konstruqciis tipebis mixedviT. sayuradReboa, rom es cxrili miTiTebulia 503-e cxrilSi, romelic aregulirebs Senobebis simaRleebsa da farTobebs.

• §406.3.6-iT nebadarTulia farTobisa da simaRlis gazrda iseT Ria avtosadgom garaJebSi, sadac Senobis ufro didi perimetris gaswvriv ganTavsebulia procentulad meti Riobi, aseve, gamoyenebis specifikuri pirobebis dros.

SPECIAL USES AND OCCUPANCIES / 35

Zravian satransporto saSualebebTan dakavSirebuli gamoyenebebi SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJebi • SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJebi Ria avtosadgomi garaJebis msgavsia, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac SemozRuduli kedlis moculoba Senobis farTobTan mimarTebaSi saSualebas ar iZleva, isini Ria garaJebad CaiTvalos. imis gamo, rom isini ar akmayofileben Ria avtosadgomi garaJebis kriteriumebs da SemozRudulad iTvlebian, meqanikuri ventilacia aucilebelia gamWoli ganiavebis ukmarisobis sakompensaciod.

• dasaSvebia avtosadgomis mowyoba saxuravze.

• 2134 mm minimaluri Tavisufali simaRle TiToeul iatakis doneze.

• SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJebisaTvis daSvebuli simaRleebi da farTobebi gansazRvrulia 503-e cxrilSi.

• sufTa haeris Semosatani saSualebebi avtosadgomi garaJis meqanikuri ganiavebisaTvis.

• haeris gamwovi saSualebebi avtosadgomi garaJis meqanikuri ganiavebisaTvis.

36 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saproeqcio oTaxebi filmebis gamSvebi/saproeqcio oTaxebi ganvixilavT $409-is debulebas, romelic exeba tipiur filmebis gamSveb oTaxebs, sadac gamoiyeneba maRali intensivobis usafrTxo firebi, ganiavebadi sinaTlis wyaroebi proeqtorisaTvis. kodSi ar aris ganxiluli oTaxebi, sadac Zveli, Zlier aalebadi celuloz-azotis firebi SeiZleba gamoiyenebodes. aseTi saproeqcio dawesebulebebi iSviaTia da maTTvis arsebobs calke reglamentebi, romlebic mocemulia NFPA 40-Si.

• proeqtorebi

unda moTavsdes SemozRudul saproeqcio oTaxSi. proeqtorebTan dakavSirebuli yvela mowyobiloba unda mdebareobdes saaproeqcio oTaxSi an iseTive konstruqciis mqone momijnave oTaxSi. oTaxi aRWurvili unda iyos gadasaxvevi da firebis Sesanaxi mowyobilobiT. aRniSnuli ar aris, magram nebismiers SeuZlia ivaraudos, rom es mowyobilobebi unda moTavsdes momijnave oTaxSi, romelic iseTive konstruqciisaa, rogoric saproeqcio oTaxi. aseve, eleqtro mowyobilobebi, rogorebicaa: reostatebi, transpormatorebi da generatorebi, unda mdebareobdes saproeqcio oTaxSi, an eqvivalenturi konstruqciis momijnave oTaxSi.

• saproeqcio oTaxi unda iyos ZiriTadi konstruqciis nawili, iseTi koeficientis mqone, rom Seesabamebodes Senobis konstruqciis tipisadmi moTxovnebs. ar aris aucilebeli, auditoriaSi gamaval Riobebs hqondes damcavebi, magram Riobebis farTobi ar unda aRematebodes auditoriis mosazRvre saproeqcio oTaxis kedlis 25%-s. Riobebi mTlianad unda iyos dafaruli miniT an msgavsi daSvebuli masaliT.

• erTi proeqtorisaTvis, oTaxis minimaluri farTobi unda iyos 7,44 m2 da yoveli damatebiTi proeqtorisaTvis unda daematos 3,7 m2 farTobi. proeqtoris yvela mxares, aseve, ukana mxares unda iyos 762 x 762 samuSao farTobi. amdenad, oTaxis zoma da konfiguracia ganisazRvreba proeqtoriT. oTaxis simaRle ar unda iyos 2286 mm-ze naklebi.

• proeqtoris naTurebi unda niavdebodes eqsterierSi saTanado arxis saSualebiT. proeqtoris gamwovi SeiZleba gamoiyenebodes aseve saproeqcio oTaxis gasaniaveblad. oTaxs unda miewodebodes iseTive raodenobis sufTa haeri, ra raodenobisac ixarjeba proeqtoris gasagrileblad.

• oTaxis ganaTebisa da auditoriis gasasvleli saSualebebis ganaTebis makontroleblebi unda mdebareobdes saproeqcio kabinaSi. aseTi makontroleblebi aseve unda mdebareobdes auditoriisaTvis mosaxerxebel, Senobis minimum erT sxva adgilas.

SPECIAL USES AND OCCUPANCIES / 37

scenebi da baqnebi • §410.3 da §410.5.1 scenebi • §410.3.1-is Sesabamisad, scenebis masale-

≤ 15240 mm

bi unda akmayofilebdes iatakis konstruqciebisaTvis gansazRvrul moTxovnebs im Senobis konstruqciis tipisaTvis, sadac isini mdebareoben.

• IIB an IV tipis konstruqciaSi SesaZlebelia 51 mm xis masalis gamoyeneba, sadac aseve aris 2 saaTiani koeficientis mqone avanscenis kedeli.

• IIA, IIIA an VA tipis konstruqciaSi ar aris aucilebeli, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone iataki, Tu scenis qveS mdebare farTobi aRWurvilia avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT • me-3 gamonaklisis Sesabamisad, dasrulebuli iataki xis an daSvebuli arawvadi masalisa unda iyos. scenaze arsebul nebismier Riobs unda hqondes kargad morgebuli, masiuri xis patara kari. es ufro moTxovnaa, vidre gamonaklisi da aSkarad ar ukavSirdeba §410.3.1-is ZiriTad moTxovnebs

> 15240 mm

scenebisa da baqnebisadmi moTxovnebi SemuSavda warsulSi TeatrebSi gaCenili Zlieri xanZrebis gamo. moTxovnebi ganasxvavebs scenebTan da baqnebTan dakavSirebul safrTxeebs, romlebic warmoadgens amaRlebul farTobebs da uyurebs auditorias. marTalia, baqnebis Tavze SeiZleba iyos rTuli gasanaTebeli da xmis mowyobilobebi, Tumca maT ar aqvT maRali galerea/qandara scenis farTobis Tavze, sadac potenciurad aalebadi masalebi inaxeba sakvamuris msgavs adgilas. Tu warmodgenis Sesasrulebeli farTobis Tavze mdebareobs dekoraciebis samarTavi galerea/qandara, es farTobi iTvleba `scenad~. am nawilis mixedviT, tradiciuli Teatri, rogorebicaa operis an brodveis Teatrebi, sadac sruldeba warmodgenebi, sadac mayurebeli uyurebs warmodgenas, TiTqosda suraTis CarCoSi an `avanscenaze~, miiCneva `scenad~, Tu dekoraciis Tavze aris sivrce. $410 Seicavs ganmartebebs baqnebisa da scenebis gansasxvaveblad. baqani ganisazRvreba, rogorc amaRlebuli farTobi SenobaSi, romelic gamoiyeneba warmodgenebis, leqciebis an RonisZiebebisaTvis, romlebic ar iyenebs zemodan CamoSvebul fardebs an dekoraciebs, garda gasanaTebeli an xmis mowyobilobebisa. scena Seicavs samarTav galereas/qandaras scenis Tavze fardebisa da dekoraciebis dasakideblad, aseve gasanaTebeli da xmis mowyobilobebisaTvis. scenebisadmi moTxovnebi Semdgom iyofa imis mixedviT, Tu ra simaRlisaa Riobi scenasa da auditorias Soris. Tu scenis simaRle aRemateba 15 240 mm-s, moTxovnebi izrdeba qvemoT aRwerili wesiT. sayuradReboa, rom `avanscenis kedlis~ ganmarteba gulisxmobs, rom es termini exeba mxolod scenebs.

SesaZloa, kinoTeatri an Tundac Tanamedrove Teatri, dekoraciebis samarTavi galereis/qandaris gareSe, sceniTa da avanscenis kedliT, aseve ganisazRvros, rogorc `baqani~, radgan mas ar aqvs galerea/qandara dekoraciebisaTvis. amdenad, arsebiTia, damproeqtebelma Teatris daproeqtebis adreul etapze gansazRvros, romeli ganmarteba ixmaros, radgan gamoiyeneba gansxvavebuli wesebi. es ganmarteba unda dazustdes Sesabamis uflebamosil organosTan daproeqtebis adreul etapze.

38 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

• scenis farTobi izomeba warmodgenis Sesasrulebeli yvela farTobisa da scenis momijnave yvela farTobis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebic ar aris gamijnuli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT. scenis simaRle izomeba scenis iatakis yvelaze dabali wertilidan (scenebi xSirad `daxrili~ an daqanebulia auditoriisken) scenis Tavze arsebuli iatakis safaris an saxuravis yvelaze maRal wertilamde. amdenad, es simaRle unda gaizomos scenis Tavze arsebuli dekoraciebis samarTavi sxvenis Sida mxaremde.

• scenis Tavze arsebul sivrceSi mdebare koWebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba mowyobilobebis an dekoraciebis dasamagreblad, unda Seesabamebodes Senobis konstruqciis tipisadmi arsebul moTxovnebs. ar aris aucilebeli, rom isini cecxlgamZle iyos da kodis mixedviT isini ar miiCneva iatakebad, sarTulebad, antresolebad an doneebad.

• scenaze arsebul eqsterieris karebebs, romlebic gasasvlelebad gamoiyeneba, unda hqondes $715-is Sesabamisi cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, Tu isini mdebareobs iseT adgilebSi, sadac aucilebelia Riobebis dacva. tvirTis Semosazidad gamoyenebul karebebs, romlebic SesaZloa Ria iyos Senobis gamoyenebis dros, unda hqondes vestibiulebi, rom haeris nakadi auditoriisken ar gavrceldes. es saWiroa imisaTvis, rom minimumamde Semcirdes haeris moculoba, romelmac xanZris dros SeiZleba gaaZlieros cecxli da xeli Seuwyos mis gadaadgilebas scenidan auditoriisken.

scenebi da baqnebi • roca scena 15 240 mm-ze maRalia, avanscenis kedels unda hqondes 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti da unda vrceldebodes uwyvetad safuZvlidan saxuravamde. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, simaRle izomeba scenidan galereis/qandaris saxuravis Sida mxaremde.

SD

• sadac avanscenis koeficienti gansaz-

> 15240 mm

Rvrulia (mibmulia scenis simaRlesTan), avanscenis farda unda iyos cecxlgamZle an daculi unda iyos fardisTvis gankuTvnili wyalsaSxefi sistemiT. • cecxlgamZle fardis mizania Seakavos gazebi, ali da kvamli scenaze da 20 wuTis manZilze `Zlieri~ cecxli ar gavrceldes mayureblebisken.

• fardis mTlianad CamoSvebas unda sWirdebodes 30 wamamde, magram roca bolomde CamoSvebamde 2438 mm rCeba, CamoSveba unda SeCerdes 5 wamiT, rom adamianebma moaswron gasvla.

• farda unda aqtiurdebodes gazrdili simxurvalis aRmoCenisas, aseve, xelis damxmare makontrolebliT.

≥ 1219

• fardis masala unda Semowmdes cecxlgamZleobasa da kvamlgaumtarobaze. damontaJebul fardas unda Cautardes sacdeli Semowmeba vargisad aRiarebis serTifikatis gacemamde.

• wvadi masalebis Semcveli dekoraciebi unda akmayofilebdes NFPA 701is kriteriumebs, romlebic zRudavs alis gavrcelebas. qafplastebi unda Seesabamebodes $2603-s. yvela masala aseve unda Seesabamebodes saerTaSoriso saxanZro kods.

≥ 1829

• scenis saavario ganiaveba aucilebelia iseTi scenebisaTvis, romelTa farTobi aRemateba 93 m2-s an simaRle aRemateba 15 240 mm-s.

• scenis SuagulSi, yvelaze maRal wertilSi unda mdebareobdes ori an meti avtomaturi saniavebeli, romelTa sufTa Tavisufali farTobi scenis farTobis minimum 5 %-ia. saniaveblebs unda hqondes gamoSverili kideebi, rogoric gamWvirvale saxuravebs aqvs, rom mexanZreebi ar Cacvivdnen Ria saniaveblebSi. saniaveblebis amuSaveba SesaZlebeli unda iyos rogorc avtomaturad, ise xeliT da mikruli unda hqondes etiketebi.

• auditoriisaTvis aseve unda iyos • sayuradReboa, rom aqtiuri kvamlis sakontrolo sistema aq naCvenebia mxolod sailustraciod. SesaZlebelia kvamlis sakontrolo nebismieri sistemis gamoyeneba, aqtiuri iqneba, Tu pasiuri, romelic Seesameba §410.3.7.2 da §909-is kriteriumebs.

$909-is Sesabamisi pasiuri an aqtiuri kvamlis sakontrolo sistema, rom kvamlis fena SeaCeros araumcires 1829 mm-ze auditoriis skamebis yvelaze maRali donidan, an avanscenis kedlis zemoT, Tu koeficientis mqone avanscenis kedeli agebulia §410.3.4-is Sesabamisad.

SPECIAL USES AND OCCUPANCIES / 39

scenebi da baqnebi • §410.5 -is Tanaxmad, gasaxdelebi da sxva

damxmare oTaxebi, rogorebicaa: dekoraciebis sawyobi, piradi nivTebis Sesanaxi oTaxebi, saxelosnoebi an saTavsebi, unda gaimijnos cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT. 15 240 mm-ze maRali scenebis koeficienti unda iyos 2 saaTi da 15 240 mm simaRlis an ufro dabali scenebisaTvis - 1 saaTi. • aseTi oTaxebi erTmaneTisgan unda gaimijnos erTsaaTiani konstruqciiT.

dekoraciebis samarTavi qandara

cxauri skamebis Tavze

• scenebs unda hqondes Semdegi gasasvlelebi: • scenis yovel mxares TiTo gasasvleli.

• scenis qveS mdebare farTobis yovel mxares TiTo gasasvleli.

• gegma auditoriisa da

• erTi TavdasaRwevi dekoraciebis

scenis zemoT mdebare farTobis CaTvliT

samarTavi galereidan/qandaridan da cxauridan ($410.2-Si ganmartebuli terminis Sesabamisad).

• cxauridan gasasvleli, romelic, Cveulebriv, scenidan sakmaod maRla mdebareobs, SeiZleba iyos saxuravze gamavali foladis kibe.

• gegma auditoriisa da scenis ZiriTadi donis CaTvliT

• saSxefeblebi unda damontaJdes scenis

≥ 15240 mm

Tavze da saxuravTan, cxauris qveS da yvela viwro xidis/podiumis qveS. maT damxmare sivrceebSi, romlebic gamijnulia cecxlgamZle konstruqciebiT, aseve unda iyos saSxefeblebi.

< 15240 mm

• saSxefeblebi aucilebeli ar aris

40 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

iseTi scenebis qveS, romelTa Tavisufali simaRle 1219 mm-ze naklebia da sadac farTobi gamoyenebulia mxolod magidebisa da skamebis Sesanaxad, ramdenadac saTavso farTobi scenisgan da momijnave sivrceebisagan gamijnulia minimum erTi 15,9 mm sisqis X tipis TabaSiris filiT. es aris saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis scenebis daproeqtebis zogadi meTodi.

• saSxefeblebi aucilebeli ar aris 93 m2-ze naklebi farTobisa da 15 240 mm-ze dabali patara scenebisaTvis, sadac fardebi, dekoraciebi an sxva wvadi dakidebuli sagnebi ar iweva vertikalurad. aseT SemTxvevebSi SeiZleba iyos farda da erTi ukana dekoracia.

• orkestrisaTvis gankuTvnil portatul/moZrav zRudarebs (amaRlebul adgilebs) ar sWirdeba saSxefeblebi.

scenebi da baqnebi

• < oTaxis farTobis 1/3 da < 279 m2

> 762 mm

• > oTaxis farTobis 2/3

III klasis wyalsawnevi Slangis SesaerTeblebi

milis

III klasis wyalsawnevis Slangis SesaerTeblebs, ganmartebis mixedviT, aqvT rogorc I, ise II klasis Slangis SesaerTeblebi. amdenad, $905.6 miuTiTebs $905.4-s I klasis da $905.5-s II klasis Slangis SesaerTeblebis mdebareobas. ganStoebebi da dgarebi daculi unda iyos, rogorc $905.4.1 nawilis Sesabamisi I klasis sistemebi. sadac III klasis erTze meti wyalsawnevia, isini erTmaneTTan ZirSi hidravlikurad unda iyos SeerTebuli.

• §410.4 ganixilavs rogorc mudmiv, ise droebiT baqnebs. Cven mxolod mudmivi baqnebis moTxovnebs SevexebiT. baqnebi im Senobis konstruqciis tipisaTvis Sesaferisi masalebiT unda aigos, romlebSic isinia ganTavsebuli.

• isini SeiZleba iyos cecxlgamZleobisaTvis damuSavebuli xis masalisgan agebuli I, II an IV tipis konstruqcia, sadac baqani mTavari iatakidan 762 mm-ze maRla ar aris, oTaxis iatakis farTobis 1/3-ze meti ar aris da misi farTobi ar aRemateba 279 m2-s.

• sadac sivrce baqnis qveS gamoyenebulia saTavsod an nebismieri sxva mizniT, garda momsaxurebebis sistemebis gayvanilobebisa, rogorebicaa eleqtrogayvaniloba an milgayvaniloba, maSin baqani unda aigos 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT.

• $410.7-Si ganTavsebidan Cans, rom is exeba $410-is yvela nawils. amdenad, wyalsawnevisadmi moTxovnebi am qvenawilSi SeiZleboda Sexeboda rogorc scenebs, ise baqnebs, romlebic unda Seesabamebodes $905-s. am nawilis moTxovnebi dakavSirebulia scenis moTxovnebTan. amdenad, Cans, rom $905-Si ar aris moTxovnebi baqnebis mimarT garda imisa, rac exeba TavSeyris gamoyenebas, romelSic baqania ganTavsebuli.

A-1 da A-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, romelTa datvirTva 1000 adamianze metia, Slangis SesaerTeblebi unda mdebareobdes

• nebismieri scenis yvela mxares • auditoriis ukan yvela mxares • nebismieri aivnis yvela mxares • gasaxdelebis yvela iarusze.

SPECIAL USES AND OCCUPANCIES / 41

specifikuri gamoyenebebi sxva specifikuri gamoyenebebi SesaZloa, damproeqtebeli Sexvdes H jgufis gamoyenebebs saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, gansakuTrebiT, kvleviT institutebSi, sadac laboratoriebi SeiZleba iyos Senobis an universtetis ezos nawili. me-4 Tavi moicavs ramdenime nawils, romelic exeba H gamoyenebebs, rac unda wavikiTxoT me-3 Tavis moTxovnebTan erTad. Cven ar SevexebiT safrTxis Semcveli gamoyenebebisadmi arsebul am detalur moTxovnebs, radgan es sxva sakiTxia. Tumca, rogorc me-3 TavSia aRniSnuli, unda gvaxsovdes, rom arsebobs safrTxis Semcveli gamoyenebebisadmi moTxovnebis gansazRvris kriteriumebis ori ZiriTadi nakrebi. kriteriumebis pirveli nakrebi dakavSirebulia iseTi nivTierebebis safrTxeebTan, romlebic gamoyenebaSia, meore nakrebi ki dakavSirebulia gamoyenebuli nivTierebebis gamoyenebis xasiaTsa da raodenobebTan. damproeqtebeli unda muSaobdes damkveTTan erTad, rom gaarkvios, ra masalebi iqneba gamoyenebuli, sad iqneba gamoyenebuli da ra raodenobis masala Seinaxeba, rac damkveTs daexmareba gamoyenebis swori klasificirebis gansazRvraSi, roca is potenciurad H gamoyenebaa. me-4 TavSi mocemuli sargeblobebis danarCeni jgufebi dakavSirebulia Senobebis an Senobebis nawilebis specifikur sargeblobebTan, romlebic iSviaTad gvxvdeba saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebis dros. eseni moicavs specialur gasarTob Senobebs, sahaero xomaldebTan dakavSirebul nagebobebsa da maRal svetebad dawyobil wvad Senaxul saqonels. esenia specifikuri sargeblobebi, romlebic iSviaTad gvxvdeba Cveulebrivi saganmanaTleblo procesis mimdinareobisas da am wignSi ar iqneba ganxiluli.

42 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

5

Senobis simaRleebi da farTobebi rogorc me-3 TavSia aRniSnuli, Senobis damproeqteblebi daproeqtebas TiTqmis yovelTvis gamoyenebis gansazRvriT iwyeben. Senobis gamoyenebis klasificirebis gansazRvris Semdeg, kodis analizis sagani xdeba gamoyenebis klasisaTvis dasaSvebi simaRleebisa da farTobebis gansazRvra sxvadasxva konstruqciis tipisaTvis. es urTierTdakavSirebuli kriteriumebi mocemulia IBC-is 503-e cxrilSi. ekonomikis principi da sazogadoebrivi sargeblianoba gansazRvravs, rom Senobebi aigos maqsimalurad iafad da minimalurad rTuli konstruqciis tipiT, romelic mocemulia kodis kriteriumebSi. arCevani SeiZleba gakeTdes daproeqtebis or tips Soris, romlebic, Cveulebriv, gavlenas axdens 503-e cxrilis gamoyenebaze dasaSvebi simaRleebisa da farTobebis gansazRvrisas. pirvelia, roca mocemuli gamoyenebis daproeqteba unda uzrunvelyofdes sakmaris farTobs imisaTvis, rom daetios gansazRvruli sargeblobebi. meore arCevani aqtualuria spekulaciuri Senobebis agebisas, romlebic ekonomikuri sargeblianobis mizniT igeba. saofise an sacalo vaWrobis SenobebSi damproeqteblis mizania, dasaSvebi simaRle da farTobi maqsimaluri iyos da amis misaRwevad gamoiyenos yvelaze ekonomiuri konstruqciis tipi. saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebis umetesoba pirveli tipisaa, magram savaraudoa, rom saganmanaTleblo daniSnulebis Senoba SeiZleba aigos spekulaciuradac, ase rom, Cven orive alternativas ganvixilavT. ekonomikurad sicocxlisunariani Senobis zomis maqsimalizebis sakiTxis ganxilvisas, damproeqtebelma unda gamoiyenos mravalgzisi/iteratiuli procesi mocemuli Senobis sivrcis maqsimalurad gasazrdelad. Cven unda gamovideT konstruqciis tipidan da gavaanalizoT fardobiTi Rirebuleba da mogeba sxvadasxva konstruqciis tipebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, sanam mesakuTre miiRebs gadawyvetilebas. am mravalgzisi/iteratiuli procesis gamoyeneba SeiZleba Senobis ekonomikuri efeqtianobis gasazrdeladac, sadac zomebisadmi moTxovnebi pirveladi sakiTxia. orive SemTxvevaSi, mizania maqsimaluri farTobis miReba samSeneblo masalebSi minimaluri danaxarjiT, ise rom Sesruldes (Tundac gadaWarbebiT) kodiT gansazRvruli moTxovnebi sazogadoebis janmrTelobis, usafrTxoebisa da keTildReobis dasacavad. kodis me-5 Tavi efuZvneba ZiriTad kriteriumebs, romlebic Semdeg modificirdeba Semamsubuqebeli faqtorebidan gamomdinare da iZleva simaRleebis, farTobebis, konstruqciis tipebis, saxanZro dacvisa da sicocxlis usafrTxoebis sistemebis gazrdis an arCevis SesaZleblobas. erTi SexedviT, 503-e cxrili TiTqos SemzRudavia, magram Tavis danarCen nawilSi gaTvaliswinebulia modifikaciebi, romlebic damproeqtebels meti moqnilobis saSualebas aZlevs. sayuradReboa cxrilis sqolioebi, romlebic sxvadasxva gamonaklisebze miuTiTebs.

ganmartebebi kodis me-5 Tavis ganmartebebi gadmotanilia me-2 Tavis ganmartebebidan. rogorc sxva msgavsi ganmartebebi, isinic mTel kodSi exeba ara mxolod me-5 Tavs. ganmartebebSi gamoyenebulia metad specifikuri kriteriumebi, romlebic mxolod kods exeba da SesaZloa gansxvavdebodes terminebis zogadi/sasaubro mniSvnelobebisagan. isini yuradRebiT unda iqnas Seswavlili gamoyenebamde, sanam dasaSveb simaRleebsa da farTobebs ganvsazRvravdeT.

• Senobis farTobi aris `farTobi, romelic moicavs garemomcvel eqsterieris kedlebs~. es konservatiulad unda ganimartos, rac gulisxmobs eqsterieris kedlebis gare mxareebamde.

dagegmarebisa da zonirebis regulaciebSi mocemuli simaRlis SezRudvebisas yovelTvis ar gamoiyeneba igive ganmartebebi an kriteriumebi simaRleebis gansasazRvrad. kodis ganmartebebi SemuSavebulia regulaciebis erTgvarovani gamoyenebis gasamartiveblad. yuradReba misaqcevia dokumentebi, romlebic exeba gansaxilvel sakiTxTan dakavSirebul regulaciebs. aRar gamoiyenoT samSeneblo kodis kriteriumebi dagegmarebis sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi, an piriqiT. Cveulebriv, iTvleba, rom Senobis farTobSi Sedis Senobis eqsterieris gare perimetrSi moqceuli farTobi. aRniSnuli efuZvneba Semdegs: `garSemortymuli eqsterieris kedlebSi moqceuli farTobi~. sityva `moqceuli~ gulisxmobs, rom kedeli ganxiluli farTobis nawilia da upirispirdeba sityvas `SemozRuduli~, rac niSnavs imas, rom farTobi iwyeba eqsterieris kedlis Sida mxridan. uZrav qonebasTan dakavSirebuli sxva termini, romelic amgvar farTobTan gamoiyeneba, aris Senobis saerTo farTobi. Senobis farTobis yvelaze saimedo gamoTvlaa, misi gazomva fasadis kedlebis gare mxareebs Soris moqceuli farTobiT. es moicavs Senobis umetes farTobs da yvelaze konservatiuli gzaa Senobis farTobis gamosaTvlelad, romelic axlosaa dasaSvebi farTobis zeda zRvarTan. fuZis sarTulis, nulovani niSnulisa da Senobis simaRlis ganmarteba urTierTdakavSirebulia da efuZvneba Senobis nulovan niSnuls qvemoT da zemoT mdebare nawilebis urTierTobas. sayuradReboa, rom Senobis simaRle, gazomili mm-Si, iTvaliswinebs saxuravis profilebsac. Senobis simaRleebi izomeba yvelaze maRali saxuravis saSualo simaRlemde. amdenad, SesaZleblobas iZleva daqanebuli saxuravebis, gansxvavebuli parapetis simaRleebsa da saxuravis Tavze moTavsebuli mowyobilobebis SemomzRudavebis arsebobis. simaRle gamoiTvleba sxvadasxva kriteriumebis gamoyenebiT, Semdeg isini gamoiyeneba mravalsarTuliani Senobebis simaRlis gansasazRvrad. `sarTulSi~ igulisxmeba dakavebuli an gamoyenebuli sivrce, mdebare Senobis SigniT, romelsac qvemoT aqvs iataki, zemoT ki sibrtye (Semdegi sarTuli an saxuravi). kodis uaxles gamocemaSi es ganmarteba gadatanilia me-2 TavSi.

44 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

• gasaniavebeli Saxtebi da Sida ezoebi ar Sedis Senobis farTobSi, rac imas niSnavs, rom rogorc Saxtis kedlis sisqe, ise Saxtis Sida farTobi ar Sedis Senobis farTobSi. • zeda iatakis an saxuravis horizontalur naSverSi moqceuli farTobebi, Sedis Senobis farTobSi, maSinac ki, roca ar aris SemozRuduli garemomcveli kedlebiT.

• fuZis sarTuli aris Senobis nawili, romelic nawilobriv an mTlianad nulovan niSnuls qvemoTaa. (nulovani niSnulis ganmartebisaTvis ixileT satitulo gverdi).

• Tu fuZis sarTulis zemoT mdebare iatakis dasrulebuli zedapiri nulovani niSnulidan 1829 mm-ze maRlaa, an Tu nebismier wertilSi Senobis da miwis zedapiris gadakveTis niSnulidan 3658 mm-iT maRlaa, maSin fuZis sarTuli iTvleba `nulovan niSnuls zemoT mdebare sarTulad~.

ganmartebebi • Senobis simaRle aris `vertikaluri manZili nulovan niSnulsa da saxuravis yvelaze maRali zedapiris saSualo simaRlemde~.

• sarTulis simaRle bolo iatakisaTvis igulisxmeba iataks zeda moculobaSi, magram ara saxuravis zemoT arsebul naSverebSi. amdenad, is izomeba: • qanobiani saxuravis fermebis Tavamde; an • Weris koWebis Tavamde.

• sayuradReboa, rom simaRlis gansazRvrisas daxrili saxuravebi gaiTvaliswineba, parapetebi ki ara.

• sarTulis simaRle izomeba, rogorc vertikaluri manZili erTi dasrulebuli iatakis zedapiridan meore dasrulebuli iatakis zedapiramde.

• fuZis sarTuli

• qanobiani gruntis zedapiris SemTxvevaSi, nulovani niSnuli damokidebulia iseT farTobSi moqceul yvelaze dabal niSnulebze, romlebic mdebareobs Senobasa da miwis nakveTis sazRvars Soris, an Senobasa da Senobidan 1829 mm manZils Soris.

• nulovani niSnuli aris sakontrolo matrica, romelic warmoadgens Senobis eqsterieris kedlebis gaswvriv gruntis zedapiris qanobis saSualo dones.

• antresoli aris Sualeduri iatakis done, ganTavsebuli ufro did iatakis filebs Soris. antresolis ZiriTadi farTobi SezRudulia im sivrcis iatakis farTobis erT-mesamedamde, sadac is mdebareobs. oTaxis SemozRuduli nawilebi, romlebic moicavs antresols, ar unda Sevides iseTi oTaxis iatakis farTobis gamoTvlaSi, sadac mdebareobs antresoli. aseve, TviTon antresolis farTobi, ar unda Sevides oTaxis iatakis farTobSi. aseve, gamonaklisis saxiT, I da II tipis konstruqciebSi dasaSvebia ufro didi antresolebi. $503.1.1is Sesabamisad, specialur samrewvelo gamoyenebebSi antresolebi SeiZleba iyos oTaxis iatakis farTobis or-mesamedamde. I da II tipis SenobebSi, romlebic aRWurvilia avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT da saavario xmovani/ gangaSis sakomunikacio sistemiT, antresolebi SeiZleba iyos oTaxis farTobis naxevari. roca iatakis farTobebi dasaSveb farTobze didia, is sxva sarTulad miiCneva. sayuradReboa, rom ganmartebis ena iZleva antresolebis sxvadasxva doneebis agebis SesaZleblobas.

BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS / 45

simaRlisa da farTobis SezRudvebi Tavdapirvelad, ganvixilavT 503-e cxrilSi mocemul standartebs, rogorc zogad SezRudvebs. Semdeg SevamowmebT kodis me-5 TavSi mocemul modifikaciebs.

• $502-is gansazRvrebiT, dasaSvebi simaRle da Senobis farTobi gamoiTvleba gamoyenebis jgufisa da konstruqciis tipis urTierTgadakveTiT.

• saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebisaTcxrili 503 konstruqciis tipi (ix. Tavi 6) tipi I tipi II tipi III A B A B A B

tipi IV masiuri xe

tipi V A B

•

•

•

20

15

•

simaRle m-Si nul. niSnuls zemoT UL 49 (Senobis simaRl.)

• 20

• 17

• 20

• 17

A (sazogad. TavSeyris)

•

B (biznes)

•

E (saganmanaT.)

•

F (samrewvelo)

•

H (safrTxis Semcveli)

•

I (institucionaluri)

•

M (savaWro/komerc.)

•

R (sacxovrebeli)

•

S (sasawyobo)

•

U (damxmare da sxvadasxva)

• 12

• Semdeg, gamoyenebis gaswvriv, movZebniT

jgufi (gamoyeneba)

•

vis gamoyeneba ganisazRvreba simaRleebisa da farTobebis gamoangariSebamde, cxrili, Cveulebriv, Semova gamoyenebis jgufebis nusxaSi im gamoyenebis moZebnis Semdeg, romelic Seesabameba Senobis proeqts.

3 sarT. 2 183 m2

46 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

dasaSveb simaRleebsa da Senobis farTobebs, konstruqciis tipebis mixedviT. • sayuradReboa, rom gansxvaveba A da B kategoriis konstruqciis tipebs Soris aris cecxlgamZleobis done, rogorc aRwerilia 601-e cxrilSi. A metad cecxlgamZlea, amdenad, nebismieri konstruqciis A tipis Senobebis dasaSvebi simaRleebi da farTobebi ufro didia, vidre B tipis Senobebisa. gamoyenebebis safrTxis xarisxis mixedviT da Senobebis tipebis cecxlgamZleobis mixedviT klasificirebis principis gamoyenebisas, rac ufro maRalia saxanZro da sicocxlis usafrTxoebis done, miT ufro maRali SeiZleba iyos Senoba.

• simaRleebi orgvarad gamoixateba, orive maTgani Seesabameba gansazRvrul terminebs. pirvelia simaRle mm-Si nulovani niSnulidan zemoT da zogadad garmoyenebisgan damoukidebelia, Tumca mibmulia cecxlgamZleobasTan; meorea simaRle sarTulebSi da mibmulia gamoyenebasTan. kriteriumebis orive wyeba gamoiyeneba yvela SemTxvevaSi. isini arsebobs imisaTvis, rom Tavidan aviciloT sarTulebs Soris maRali simaRle iatakidan iatakamde, rasac SeuZlia gamoiwvios nulovani niSnulidan Senobis simaRlis zRvars gadasvla, Tu simaRleebi aseve ar iqneba gansazRvruli. es problema SeiZleba Seiqmnas SenobebSi, sadac iatakidan iatakamde simaRle didia Sualeduri meqanikuri mowyobilobebis gansaTavseblad.

• 503-e cxrilidan aRebul ilustraciaSi Cans gamoyenebisa da konstruqciis tipis kavSiri simaRleebTan da Senobis farTobebTan. magaliTebi SerCeulia Senobis tipebidan, romlebic, Cveulebriv, xvdebaT damproeqteblebs, sadac konstruqciis tipebi SerCeulia gansxvavebebis sailustraciod, radgan iwyeba I tipis cecxlgamZle konstruqciidan da mTavrdeba V tipis koeficientis armqone konstruqciiT. cxrilis monacemebi warmoadgens pirveli sarTulis simaRleebs mm-Si/sarTulebis raodenobas/ ZiriTadi iatakis dasaSveb farTobs.

cxrili 503 ilustracia IBC-s 503-e cxrilis Sesabamisad (gviCvenebs iatakebisa da iatakis proporciuli farTobebis dasaSveb raodenobas saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebisTvis) konstruqciis tipi tipi I (ix. cxrili 601) A

tipi II

tipi III

A

A

c. gamZl. koef. mqone

E (saganmanaTleblo 12 klass qvemoT) SeuzR./SeuzR./SeuzR.

B (saganmanaTleblo 12 klass zemoT) SeuzR./SeuzR./SeuzR.

c. gamZl. koef. mqone

tipi V

nawilobr. koef. mqone

tipi IV masiuri xe

21.3 m/3/(2462 m2)

21.3 m/3/(2183 m2)

21.3 m/3/(2369 m2)

13.1 m/1/(883 m2)

21.3 m/5/(3484 m2)

21.3 m/5/(2648 m2)

21.3 m/5/(3344 m2)

13.1 m/2/(836 m2)

21.3 m/3/(1440 m2)

21.3 m/3/(1301 m2)

21.3 m/3/(1394 m2)

13.1 m/1/(557 m2)

B koef. ar mqone

gamoyeneba

A-3 (sazogad. TavSeyris) SeuzR./SeuzR./SeuzR.

pirobiTi aRniSvnebi

• saxuravis sibrtye (araa naCvenebi SeuzRudavi farTobis SenobebisTvis)

• gamoyenebuli iatakis sibrtye, zoma aris masStabis proporciuli (garda SeuzRudavi farTobis SenobebisTvis)

BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS / 47

503-e cxrilis gamonaklisebi §503.1.3-Si aRniSnulia, rom I tipis SenobebTan, romlebic, 503-e cxrilis mixedviT dasaSvebia iyos SeuzRudavi simaRlisa da farTobis, ar aris aucilebeli im Semcirebebis gamoyeneba, romlebic am Tavis sxva nawilebSi dawesebulia SeuzRudavi farTobis SenobebisaTvis sxva konstruqciis tipebze. sayuradReboa, rom H jgufis garkveuli gamoyenebebi mainc eqvemdebareba simaRlisa da farTobis SezRudvebs I tipis SenobebisTvisac ki.

• §503.1-is mixedviT, daSvebulia erTi an meti xanZarsawinaaRmdego kedeli (romelic ganmartebulia da regulirdeba me-7 Tavis debulebebiT), romelic erT nagebobas yofs `calke~ Senobebad.

• §702.1 da §705-is Sesabamisi xanZarsaw. kedeli • 705.4 cxrilis Sesabamisi 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone kedeli B da E gamoyenebebSi.

Senoba 1

gansazRvrulia ra dasaSvebi zRvrebi ZiriTadi simaRleebisa da farTobebisaTvis 503-e cxrilSi, Tavis danarCen nawilSi ganxilulia modifikaciebi da gamonaklisebi ZiriTadi kriteriumebisaTvis. arsebiTia, rom damproeqtebeli kiTxulobs mTel Tavs simaRleebisa da farTobebis gansazRvris Semdegac. mxolod mTeli Tavis wakiTxvis Semdegaa SesaZlebeli, ganisazRvros yvela faqtori, romelic gavlenas axdens simaRleebsa da farTobebze.

Senoba 2

• §506.1.1-is mixedviT, daSvebulia, rom mxolod erTi miwisqveSa sarTulis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, romelic warmoadgens fuZis sarTuls da romelic ar aris nulovan niSnuls zemoT mdebare sarTuli, ar iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli Senobis saerTo farTobSi, Tu misi farTobi ar aRemateba erT sarTuliani SenobisaTvis daSvebul farTobs.

sayuradReboa, rom rigi gamoyenebebisa, romlebic SedarebiT iSviaTad gvxvdeba praqtikaSi, pirdapir araa ganxiluli 503-e cxrilSi, aramed aqvs gadamisamarTeba simaRlisa da farTobis kriteriumebis calke wyebaze. Senobis es tipi/gamoyenebis jgufi aris calke/damoukideblad mdgomi avtosadgomi garaJi. am sargeblobisaTvis simaRle da farTobi mocemulia 406.3.5 cxrilSi. es sargebloba aseve SezRudulia am cxrilSi CamoTvlili konstruqciis tipebis mixedviT.

A B

• §503.1.2-Si aRniSnulia, rom erT miwis nakveTze ganTavsebuli ramdenime Senoba unda CaiTvalos calke Senobebad (ix. aseve §704.3, romelic exeba maT Soris warmosaxviTi xazis gavlebas), an rogorc erT erTeul Senobad farTobebis gamosaangariSeblad.

• Senobebis jgufisaTvis, romlebic erT

A B

erTeuladaa miCneuli, jgufi unda akmayofilebdes gaerTianebuli farTobisadmi arsebul SezRudvebs, romlebic gansazRvrulia yvelaze SezRuduli gamoyenebis safuZvelze. yuradRebiT unda ganvixiloT gasasvleli saSualebebic, roca ramdenime Senoba erT erTeuladaa CaTvlili.

• mag., A + B farTobebi ar unda aRematebodes yvelaze SezRuduli gamoyenebis erTi erTeulisaTvis dasaSveb farTobs (naCvenebia wyvetili xaziT).

48 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

simaRlis modifikaciebi da antresolebi • §504.2-iT nebadarTulia, rom saSx-

antresolebi §502-is ganmartebis Sesabamisi antreso-lebi §505-Si miCneulia maT qvemoT mdebare iatakis nawilad. Tu isini akma-yofileben kriteriumebs, romlebic zRudavs maT farTobs qvemoT mdebare iatakis erT-mesamedamde, maSin isini ar iTvleba Senobis saerTo farTobis nawilad, an damatebiT sarTulad. Tumca, farTobi unda Sevides saerTo cecxlisagan dacul farTobSi, rogorc gansazRvrulia §702-Si. oTaxis farTobi oTaxis farTobis 1/3

efebeli sistemiT uzrunvelyofili Senobebi gaizardos simaRleSi 6096 mm-mde an erTi sarTuliT. sacxovrebeli Senobebis simaRlis gazrda SezRudulia 6096 mm-mde an erTi sarTuliT. §903.3.1.2-is Sesabamisi, NFPA “13R”-is saSxefebeli sistemiT daculi sacxovrebeli Senobebis gazrda SezRudulia 4 sarTulamde da 18 288 mm-mde. amgvari zrda ar exeba ufro SezRudul jgufebs, magaliTad, rogorebicaa IIA tipis konstruqciis H an I-2 gamoyenebebi.

• §504.3-is mixedviT, koSkebi da Spilebi (piramiduli saxuravebi) SeiZleba acdes Senobis dasaSveb simaRles 6096 mm-iT, Tu wvadi konstruqciisaa da nebismieri manZiliT, Tu arawvadi konstruqciisaa. sayuradReboa, rom es kriteriumebi efuZvneba varauds, rom aseTi sivrceebi ar gamoiyeneba sacxovreblad an saTavsod. arsebiTad, isini mxolod dekoratiuli an momsaxurebis miznebiT gamoiyeneba.

• antresolebis farTobi izRudeba im oTaxis iatakis farTobis erT-mesamedamde, romelSic ganTavsebulia (Tumca §505-is gamonaklisebiT, I da II tipis SenobebSi daSvebulia ufro didi antresolebis arseboba). aseTi antresoli ara mxolod saerTo farTobSi ar Sedis, aramed im oTaxis saerTo iatakis farTobis gamoTvlaSic, sadac antresolia ganTavsebuli. amdenad, 93 m2 iatakis sivrceze SeiZleba iyos 31 m2 antresoli, ZiriTadi farTobisaTvis gansazRvruli daSvebebis Sesabamisad.

• I da II tipis Senobebi, sadac mdebareobs specifikuri samrewvelo gamoyenebebi, daSvebulia antresolebi, romelTa farTobi oTaxis iatakis farTobis ormesamedamdea.

• I da II tipis Senobebs, saSxefebeli da xmovani/gangaSis sistemebiT, SeiZleba hqondes antresolebi, romelTa farTobi oTaxis iatakis farTobis naxevaria.

• antresolebi iseTi simaRlisa unda iyos, • antresolebi kodis mixedviT miCneulia Ria farTobebad, romlebic ganTavsebulia oTaxSi sxva sivrceebis Tavze. kodi mtkiced acxadebs, rom yvela antresoli unda iyos Ria da Cauxergavi oTaxis mimarTulebiT, romelSic is mdebareobs, garda moajiris simaRlis kedlisa kideSi. am moTxovnas mosdevs uamravi gamonaklisi. mTavari ideaa is, rom Tu antresolis farTobi an mosargebleTa datvirTva mcirea, an aqvs gamokveTili sazRvrebis mqone calke gasasvleli biliki, is SeiZleba SemozRuduli iyos.

•

•

rom SeiZlebodes cxovreba da rogorc antresolis doneze, ise antresolis qveS mdebare iatakis farTobze unda iyos minimum 2134 mm simaRlis Tavisufali sivrce. oTaxis SemozRuduli nawilebi ar gaiTvaliswineba iseTi oTaxis zomis gamoTvlisas, sadac antresolia ganTavsebuli. antresolebs unda hqondes ori damoukidebeli gasasvleli saSualeba. gamonaklisi SemTxvevaa, roca mosargebleTa datviTva mcirea, an roca gasasvlelisaken mimavali saerTo bilikebi Zalian moklea. es SezRudvebi unda ganvixiloT gasasvlelebisadmi moTxovnebis fonze, romlebic mocemulia kodis me-10 TavSi.

BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS / 49

farTobis modifikaciebi §506 gansazRvravs, rodis SeiZleba im farTobebis gazrda, romlebic SezRudulia 503-e cxrilis mixedviT. ori ZiriTadi faqtori, romelic Senobis farTobebis gazrdis saSualebas iZleva, aris sazogadoebrivi gzis/sivrcis piras mdebareoba, rogorc gansazRvrulia §1002.1-Si, an saSxefebeli sistemis arseboba.

12 192 mm

§506.1-iT nebadarTulia, 503-e cxriliT SezRuduli ZiriTadi farTobebi gaizardos Senobis gzispira mdebareobis da/ an avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi. amdenad, iatakis saerTo dasaSvebi farTobi tolia 503-e cxrilis ZiriTad tabularul farTobs damatebuli nebismieri zrda gzispira Ria sivrcispira mdebareobidan an/da damatebuli nebismieri zrda avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemis arsebobidan gamomdinare.

minimum 6096 mm siganis sazogadoebrivi gza

• farTobis gazrdis ufleba rom

sami an metsarTuliani SenobebisaTvis Senobis saerTo farTobis erTi iatakisaTvis daSvebul maqsimalur farTobze samjer gazrdas, rogorc gansazRvrulia §506.1-Si. orsarTuliani Senobebis saerTo farTobi SeiZleba gaizardos erTi iatakisaTvis daSvebul maqsimalur farTobze mxolod orjer metad. arcerTi sarTulis iataki ar unda aWarbebdes $506.1-Si gansazRvrul iatakis dasaSveb farTobs.

•

16 764 mm

If = = = =

15 240 mm 4572 mm

*W/30 ar SeiZleba aRematebodes 1-s, §506.2.1-is Sesabamisad, Tumca is SeiZleba gaizardos 2-mde, roca Senoba akmayofilebs §507-Si mocemul yvela kriteriums, garda 18 288 mm sazogadoebrivi gzis an ezos mimarT moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobisa.

7620 mm

7620 mm

22 860 mm

15 240 mm

3048 mm

15 240 mm

15 240 mm

7620 mm

•

[F/P–0.25] W/30 [76200/76200–0.25] 12192/30* [1.0–0.25]1* [0.75] = 75%

sadac If = farTobis gazrda gzispira mdebareobis gamo F = Senobis perimetris mdebareoba sazogadoebrivi gzis an minimum 6096 mm siganis Ria sivrcis gaswvriv P = mTeli Senobis saerTo perimetri W = sazogadoebrivi gzis an Ria sivrcis sigane (mm-Si), 506.2.1-is Sesabamisad

12 192 mm 15 240 mm

15 240 mm

gantoleba 5-2:

•

22 860 mm

• §506.4 uSvebs nulovani niSnulidan

miiRos, nebismieri Senoba unda esazRverbodes an udgebodes sazogadoebriv gzas. roca Senobis perimetris 25 procentze meti gadis sazogadoebriv gzaze an minimum 6096 mm siganis Ria sivrceSi, Senobis farTobi SeiZleba gaizardos sazogadoebrivi gz(eb) isa da/an Ria sivrc(eeb)is damatebiTi siganis da maT mier garSemortymuli Senobis perimetris sigrZis safuZvelze.

perimetri, romelic akmayofilebs gzispira mdebareobis gamo gazrdas gant. 5-2 -is Sesabamisad

50 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

If

•

= = = =

[F/P–0.25] W/30 [38100/76200–0.25] 15240/30* [0.5–0.25]1* [0.25] = 25%

gantoleba 5-1 aerTianebs zrdas gzispira mdebareobisa da saSxefeblebis gamo.

Aa = {At + [At x If] + [At x Is]} sadac Aa = erTi sarTulisTvis dasaSvebi farTobi At = iatakis dasaSvebi farTobi $ cxrili 503 If = daSvebuli zrdis koeficienti gzispirisaTvis, gamoTvlili $506.2-is Sesabamisad Is = daSvebuli zrdis koeficienti saSxefebeli sistemisaTvis, gamoTvlili $506.3-is Sesabamisad

farTobis modifikaciebi

3048 mm

15 240 mm

15 240 mm

4572 mm

5-1 da 5-2 gantolebebis gamoyeneba gansaxilveli SenobebisTvis: B jgufi, III-A tipis konstruqcia, sami sarTuli, mTlianad saSxefebeli sistemiT uzrunvelyofili, ganlageba miwis nakveTze imgvarad, rogorc aRwerilia qvemoT. sayuradReboa, rom es aris mravalgzisi/iteratiuli procesi da, Cveulebriv, misi gamoyenebisas ver davicavT kodSi warmodgenil Tanmimdevrobas.

15 240 mm

• •

At: dasaSvebi farTobi, 503-e cxrilis mixedviT: 2648 H: Senobis maqsimaluri simaRle, 503-e cxrilis mixedviT: 5 sarTuli an 19 812 mm

•

gzispira mdebareobis gamo gazrda 506.2 nawilis Sesabamisad (gantoleba 5-2)

•

If

•

= = = = = = =

22 860 mm

m2

[F/P – 0.25] W/30 [(15240 + 15240)/(15240 x 4 mxare) – 0.25] 15240/30* [30480/60960 – 0.25]1* [0.5 – 0.25]1* [0.25] = 25% 2648 m2 x 0.25 662 m2 * W/30 ar unda aRematebodes 1-s, $506.2.1-is mixedviT (daSvebebi ar Seesabameba $507-is yvela debulebas)

•

§507.9-is mixedviT, erTsarTuliani E jgufis II, IIIA an IV tipis konstruqciis Senobis farTobi ar SeizRudeba, Tu yvela Semdegi piroba daculia: 1. yvela saklaso oTaxs aqvs araumcires ori gasasvleli saSualeba, romelTagan erTi pirdapir gareT gadis.

2. Senoba mTlianad aRWurvilia avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT. 3. Senobas akravs da esazRvreba sazogadoebrivi gza an araumcires 18 288 mm siganis ezo.

saSxefebeli sistemis gamo gazrda (nawili 506.3) sam sarTuliani Senoba = 200% (2x) amdenad At = 2648 m2 x 2 = 5292 m2

•

farTobis modificireba 506.1 nawilis Sesabamisad (gantoleba 5-1) am gantolebaSi gaerTianebulia gzispira mdebareobisa da saSxefebeli sistemis gamo gazrda.

+ +

Aa = {At + [At x If] + [At x Is]}

perimetri, romelic akmayofilebs gzispira mdebareobis gamo gazrdas gant. 5-2 -is Sesabamisad

=

sadac Aa = erTi sarTulisaTvis dasaSvebi farT. At = iatakis dasaSvebi farTobi cx. 503 If = daSvebuli zrdis koeficienti gzispirisaTvis Is = daSvebuli zrdis koeficienti saSxefebeli sistemisaTvis Aa = 2648 + [2648*0.25] + [2648*2] = 2648 + 662 + 5292 Aa = 8602 m2

•

farTobis gamoTvla (506.4 nawilis Sesabamisad) §506.4-is mixedviT, samsarTuliani SenobisaTvis, §506.1-is Sesabamisad gansazRvruli farTobi Aa SeiZleba gaizardos samjer. magaliTad, Senobis maqsimaluri farTobi iqneba: 8602 m2 x 3 = 25806 m2

>1 828 8m m

m 8m 828 1 >

m 8m 828 1 >

•

>1 828 8m m

sayuradReboa aseve, rom $507.4-is mixedviT, nebismieri konstruqciis tipis, B, F, M an S jgufis gamoyenebebis Senobebi, romelTa simaRle or sarTulamdea, SeiZleba SeuzRudavi farTobisa iyos, roca akmayofilebs zemoT aRniSnul me-2 da me-3 kriteriumebs.

BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS / 51

Sereuli sargebloba da gamoyeneba

damxmare sargeblobis farTobebi miCneulia, rom mTavari gamoyenebis damxmare sargeblobebi da gamoyenebebi Sereuli gamoyenebis jgufad klasificirdeba. nageboba an misi nawili unda klasificirdes §508.3-Si gansazRvruli gamoyenebis jgufebidan erT-erTSi. roca Senobis gamoyenebas axlavs erTi an meti damxmare sargeblobis farTobebi, rogorc gansazRvrulia 508.2 cxrilSi, farTobebi miiCneva mTavari gamoyenebis nawilad, magram aucilebelia maTi gamijvna danarCeni gamoyenebisgan cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gammijnavebiT, an cecxlsaqrobi sistemebiT, cxrilSi CamoTvlili moTxovnebis Sesabamisad. sayuradReboa, rom damxmare sargeblobis farTobis gamijvnis moTxovnebi ar gamoiyeneba sacxovrebel erTeulebTan.

1 sT-iani

(§508.2) (§508.3.1) (§508.3)

c.g. koef. gammijnavi

• damxmare sargeblobebi • damxmare gamoyenebebi • Sereuli gamoyenebebi

1 sT-iani

kodis 2006 wlis gamocemaSi, es nawili gadatanilia me-3 TavSi.

c.g. koef. gammijnavi

§508 Sereuli sargebloba da gamoyeneba

• laboratoria da quris oTaxi 1 sT-iani c.g. koef. gamyofiT an

• laboratoria da quris oTaxi avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi sistemiT

• 508.2 cxrilSi CamoTvlili damxmare sar-

1 sT-iani

52 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

c.g. koef. gammijnavi

geblobis farTobebSi Sedis iseTi farTobebi, sadac xanZris riski maRalia. aseTi farTobebis magaliTebi xSirad gvxvdeba saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi da aucilebelia maTi gamijvna Semdegnairad: • quris oTaxi, sadac mowyobilobis romelime nawilis simZlavrea saaTSi 117 200 vati: 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gammijnavi an avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi sistemis arseboba.

• laboratoriebi, romlebic ar klasificirdeba, rogorc H: 1 saaTiani an avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema.

• 9,29 m2 -ze didi sasawyobo oTaxebi: 1 saaTiani an avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi sistema.

2 sT-iani

c.g. koef. gammijnavi

Sereuli sargebloba da gamoyeneba

1 sT-iani

c.g. koef. gammijnavi

• 508.2 cxrilis mixedviT, saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi xSirad gvxvdeba damxmare sargeblobis farTobebis sxva magaliTebi da aucilebelia maTi gamijvna Semdegnairad: • $406.2-is Sesabamisi avtosadgomi garaJebi: 2 an 1 saaTiani c. g. mqone gammijnavi da avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi sistemis arseboba.

• sayuradReboa, rom $508.2.3-is Sesabamisad, sadac avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi damontaJebulia 508.2 cxrilis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, sistemis dayeneba aucilebelia mxolod damxmare sargeblobis farTobze.

• $706-is Sesabamisi xanZarsaw. barierebi an $711-is Sesabamisi horizontaluri konstruqciebi unda vrceldebodes iatakidan c.g. koeficientis mqone iataki/Weris an saxuravi/Weris konstruqciamde.

• zogierT SemTxvevaSi, avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi sistema SeiZleba Seicvalos cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gammijnaviT. am SemTxvevaSi, gammijnavs unda SeeZlos kvamlis Sekaveba. sadac avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi sistema akmayofilebs 508.2 cxrilis moTxovnebs, is unda damontaJdes mxolod damxmare sargeblobis oTaxSi an farTobze.

BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS / 53

Sereuli sargebloba da gamoyenebebi damxmare gamoyenebebi roca gamoyeneba moicavs mkveTrad gansxvavebul damxmare sargeblobas, romelic ikavebs nebismieri im sarTulis 10%-ze naklebs, sadac isinia ganTavsebuli, an 503-e cxrilis mixedviT sxvadasxva gamoyenebebisaTvis daSvebul simaRleze an farTobze naklebs, damxmare sargebloba unda gaimijnos mTavari gamoyenebisagan. gamonaklisebi arsebobs safrTxis Semcveli sargeblobebisaTvis an roca amas moiTxovs $508.2, damxmare sargeblobis farTobebTan dakavSirebiT.

• damxmare gamoyeneba, romelic mTavari gamoyenebis farTobis 10%-ze naklebs iyenebs, ar saWiroebs gamijvnas mTavari gamoyenebisgan.

$508.3.1-is gamonaklisebis Sesabamisad, TavSeyris damxmare gamoyenebebi ar miiCneva calke gamoyenebebad, Tu 69,7 m2-mdea. sayuradReboa, rom TavSeyris farTobebi, romlebic E jgufis gamoyenebebis damxmare farTobebia, romlis zoma SeuzRudavia, ar iTvleba calke gamoyenebebad, garda misadgomobis moTxovnebis SemTxvevisa, romelzec saubaria me-11 TavSi (TavSeyris gamoyenebebi).

Sereuli gamoyenebebi roca Senobas aqvs Sereuli gamoyenebebi, romlebic sakmaod gansxvavebuli da farToa, rogorc calke sargeblobebi, TiToeuli sargebloba miiCneva calke da gansxvavebul gamoyenebad. Sereuli gamoyenebebi ganixileba sami xerxidan erT-erTis saSualebiT:

1. TavSeyris gamoyenebebi

rogorc zemoTaa aRwerili.

2. gamijnuli gamoyenebebi

gamijnuli gamoyenebebis moTxovnaa, gamoyenebebi gaimijnos 508.3.3 cxrilis Sesabamisad gansazRvruli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gammijnavebiT.

3. gaumijnavi gamoyenebebi

gaumijnavi gamoyenebebisTvis, mTeli Senoba da masSi Semavali TiToeuli gamoyeneba regulirdeba simaRlis, farTobisa da cecxlgamZleobisaTvis arsebuli yvelaze mkacri moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

54 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

• $508.3.2-is Sesabamisi gaumijnavi gamoyenebis kriteriumebis gamoyenebis dros, aucilebeli ar aris sargeblobebis erTmaneTisgan an danarCeni Senobisgan gamijvna, Tumca mTeli Senobis dasaSvebi simaRle, farTobi da konstruqciis tipi regulirdeba yvelaze mkacri kriteriumebiT TiToeuli gaumijnavi sargeblobisaTvis.

• $508.3.3-is Sesabamisi gamijnuli gamoyenebis kriteriumebis gamoyenebis dros, sxvadasxva sargeblobebi erTmaneTisgan unda gaimijnos xanZarsawinaaRmdego barieriT, Tumca mTeli Senobis dasaSvebi simaRle, farTobi da konstruqciis tipebi ganisazRveba TiToeuli calke farTobis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

specialuri debulebebi §509 mTlianad eZRvneba 503-e cxrilis debulebebisa da me-5 Tavis sxva nawilebis gamonaklisebs. es gamonaklisebi gamoiyeneba mxolod maSin, roca daculia qvenawilebSi mocemuli yvela piroba. es pirobebi efuZvneba gamoyenebis jgufebisa da konstruqciis tipebis specifikur kombinaciebs. es specialuri debulebebi iyo kodis reagiereba iurisdiqciis samodelo kodebis ganviTarebaze, romlebic win uZRoda IBC-is. es specialuri debulebebi, Cveulebriv, damproeqtebels meti moqnilobis saSualebas aZlevs, raTa man daakmayofilos samSenebelo programis moTxovnebi, vidre amis saSualebas miscemda mxolod 503-e cxrili. es pirobebi anotirebuli unda iyos cxrilSi damproeqteblisaTvis, rom mas ar gamorCes isini daproeqtebisa da kodis analizis dros.

S-2 jgufis avtosadgomi garaJebi, romelTa Tavzec ganTavsebulia A, B, M, R an S jgufebi §509.2-is specaluri debulebebi gamoiyeneba rig pirobebTan, sadac SemozRuduli an Ria avtosadgomi garaJebi isea agebuli, rom maT Tavze ganTavsdes sxva sargeblobebi. es Zalian Cveulebrivi Senobis tipia. esaa Sereuli sargeblobis Senoba, sadac gansazRvruli sargeblobebi ganTavsdeba avtosadgomis Tavze. specialuri debulebebi, romlebic am tipis SenobebisaTvis gamoiyeneba, muSavdeboda wlebis manZilze mravalbiniani Senobebis ganviTarebis pasuxad, sadac gamoyenebulia xis karkasiani konstruqcia betoniT agebuli garaJis nagebobaze. ramdenadac es Sereuli konstruqciis nagebobebi realobad iqca, maT sWirdebaT debulebebi, rom kodis interpretaciebi ufro erTgvarovani gaxdes.

S-2 jgufis SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJi, romlis Tavzec ganTavsebulia S-2 Ria avtosadgomi garaJi §509.3 nawili iyenebs iseTive princips, rogorsac §509.2 nawili Sereuli sargeblobis SenobebisaTvis IBC-Si. kriteriumebi gansxvavebulia, Tumca, ZiriTadad, nebadarTulia Ria avtosadgomi garaJis ageba SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJis Tavze, xdeba ra maTi mikuTvneba axali jgufisaTvis, roca cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi daculia.

$509.2-is specialuri debulebebisaTvis specifikuri moTxovnebi Semdegia:

• kibeebisa da Saxtebis SemomzRudavebs, romlebic gadis horizontalur konstruqciaSi, aqvs minimum 2 saaTiani koeficienti.

• horizontaluri konstruqciis Tavze arsebuli sargebloba moicavs A gamoyenebebs, romelTagan TiToeulis mosargebleTa datvirTva 300-ze naklebia, an B, M an R an S jgufebs.

• fuZis sarTuli an nulovan niSnuls zemoT mdebare pirveli sarTuli I-A tipis konstruqciaa da mis zemoT mdebare Senobisgan gamijnulia 3 saaTiani horizontaluri gammijnaviT.

• qvemoT mdebare Senoba mikuTvneba S-2 gamoyenebis jgufs da gankuTvnilia kerZo avto-satransporto saSualebebis Sesanaxad.

• ixileT aseve $509.4, romelSic mocemulia avtosadgomTan dakavSirebuli debulebebi R jgufis gamoyenebebSi.

• Tu SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJi gamijnulia gansazRvruli koeficientis mqone cecxlgamZle barierebiT, maSin zemoT mdebare Senoba iTvleba calke Senobad simaRleebisa da farTobebis gamoTvlisas. realurad, podiumisa da mis Tavze mdebare Senobis horizontaluri gamijvnisas, kodi damproeqtebels xelaxali gansazRvris uflebas aZlevs, sadac simaRleebisa da farTobebis gamosaTvlelad gamoiyeneba gruntis gegma. $509.2-Si CamoTvlili yvela piroba daculi unda iyos gamosayenebel debulebebTan erTad. am debulebasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis kombinacia, Cveulebriv, met moqnilobas iZleva am tipis Sereuli sargeblobisa da Sereuli konstruqciis Senobis daproetqebisaTvis, vidre 503-e cxrilis gamoyeneba.

• calke Senobebi dasaSvebi farTobis, sarTulebis raodenobis da konstruqciis tipebisaTvis

• S-2 jgufis gamoyeneba fuZis sarTulSi da/an niSnuls zemoT pirvel sarTulze IA tipis konstruqciaSi

• minimum 3 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone horizontaluri konstruqcia, romlis Riobebi daculia 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone SemomzRudavebiT • erTi Senoba simaRlis SezRudvebisaTvis mm-Si

BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS / 55

specialuri debulebebi Ria avtosadgomi garaJi A, I, B, M da R jgufebis qvemoT §509.7-iT nebadarTulia Ria avtosadgomi garaJis Tavze gansazRvruli gamoyenebebis ageba da maTi CaTvla calke Senobebad simaRlisa da farTobis gamoTvlis dros.

Ria avtosadgomi garaJis simaRle da farTobi regulirdeba §406.3-iT, xolo garaJis Tavze ganTavsebuli jgufebis simaRleebi da farTobebi regulirdeba 503-e cxriliT. arsebobs SezRudva, rom Senobis im nawilis sarTulebis simaRleebi (mm-Si) da sarTulebi, romlebic garaJis Tavzea, gaizomos nulovani niSnulidan sxvadasxva sargeblobebis mTeli jgufisaTvis. es nawili moiTxovs cecxlgamZleobis uzrunvelyofasac yvelaze SezRudul sargeblobebSi. aseve, moiTxovs, rom garaJis Tavze arsebuli sargeblobidan gasasvleli gaimijnos minimum 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT.

• A, B, I, M da R jgufis gamoyenebebis simaRle da farTobi regulirdeba $503-iT.

• Tumca, sayuradReboa, rom sarTulianoba da simaRle mm-Si izomeba nulovani niSnulidan.

• Ria avtosadgomi garaJis simaRle da farTobi regulirdeba $406.3-iT.

56 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

6 konstruqciis tipebi konstruqciis tipebis mixedviT Senobebis klasificireba Tavidanve samodelo kodebis umetesobaSi xdeboda. erTiani samSeneblo kodi Seicavda am klasificirebebs 1927 wels dabeWdil pirvel gamocemaSi. IBC aseve aRiarebs im kavSirebs gamoyenebasa da konstruqciis tips Soris, rac mocemuli iyo winamdebare kodebSi, Tumca IBC-is debulebebi ufro gansxvavebuladaa organizebuli da naklebad Seicavs pirdapir ganmartebebs, vidre Zveli samodelo kodebi. kodis bevri nawili sqolioebSi Camovida da zogierTi debuleba axla gvxvdeba sxva Tavebis ganmartebebSi. cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi, romlebic ufro farTod iyo aRwerili winamorbed kodebSi da advilad gasagebi iyo debulebebi samSeneblo masalebTan dakavSirebiT, IBC-s, $602-Si ufro mokledaa aRwerili da gansxvavebebi dakavSirebulia mxolod testis kriteriumebTan. Tumca, specialistebisaTvis axlac gasagebi iqneba ZiriTadi gansxvavebebi konstruqciis tipis klasificirebebSi. ganmartebebis gamartivebam da damproeqteblebisa da mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemisaTvis Sesabamisi valdebulebebis Semoklebulma aRwerilobebma SeiZleba gansazRvrac gaaiolos. meores mxriv, SeiZleba ufro garTuldes am debulebebis gamoyeneba, ramdenadac kodis axali momxmareblebi realur proeqtebTan rTulad gasageb debulebebs iyeneben. kodis gamoyenebam warmoSva ganmartebebis Seqmnis precendentebi, rom Seqmniliyo gamoyenebiTi codnis organo, romelic gansazRvravda kodis samomavlo interpretaciebs.

Zvel samodelo kodebSi mocemuli Senobis konstruqciis ganmartebebi ufro detalurad aRwerda iseTi samSeneblo masalebis elementebs, rogorebicaa struqturuli karkasi da kibis safexurebi. axali kriteriumi masalebs yofs `wvad~ da `arawvad~ masalebad, garkveul pirobebSi maTi Semowmebidan gamomdinare. es ufro zusti ganmartebaa, magram ufro bundovani kodis Cveulebrivi momxmareblisaTvis, romelic intuiciurad xvdeba, rom foladi an betoni arawvadi masalebia da ara iqidan gamomdinare, rogor mdgomareobaSi arian isini ASTM E 119is Sesabamisad Semowmebis dros, romelic warmoadgens standartuli Semowmebis meTods Senobis konstruqciisa da masalebis cecxlgamZleobaze SemowmebisaTvis. am cvlilebas unda SeeCvion kodis is momxmareblebi, romlebic Zveli samodelo kodebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen, rom moergon IBC-is stils.

konstruqciis tipebi IBC yvela Senobas xuT farTo kategoriad yofs, maTi konstruqciis asagebad gamoyenebuli ZiriTadi masalebis cecxlgamZle Tvisebebidan gamomdinare. konstruqciis xuTi tipi aRiniSneba romauli cifrebiT da progresirebs zemodan qvemoT I tipidan (yvelaze metad cecxlgamZle konstruqcia) V tipamde (yvelaze naklebad cecxlgamZle). xuTi tipis konstruqciis klasebi masalebis cecxlgamZleobis an wvadobis safuZvelze iyofa or did kategoriad, A da B kategoriebad; Semdeg es jgufebi iyofa im cecxlgamZleobisda mixedviT, romelsac masalebi iZenen konstruqciis sistemebis mTavari elementebTan damcavebis gamoyenebis Semdeg. es cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti efuZvneba Senobis elementebis dacvas cecxlisagan, romelic SeiZleba gavrceldes, rogorc Senobis SigniT, ise mosazRvre nagebobebidan.

503-e cxrili gansazRvravs xuTi tipis konstruqciis kavSirs SenobisaTvis dasaSveb simaRleebTan da farTobebTan maTi gamoyenebis safuZvelze. amgvarad, kodis Tavdapirveli analizisas, damproeqtebeli muSaobs damoukidebeli cvladebis sam damoukidebel wyebasTan. sasurveli gamoyeneba da Senobis sasurveli simaRle da farTobi gansazRvravs kodiT daSvebul konstruqciis tips. Cveulebriv, gamoyeneba winaswar ganisazRvreba, farTobs ki gvikarnaxebs gaTvaliswinebuli sargebloba an adgilis SezRudvebi. amdenad, konstruqciis tipi, Cveulebriv, bolo cvladia, romelic unda vipovoT danarCeni oris dafiqsirebis Semdeg.

cxrili 503 konstruqciis tipi (yvelaze cecxlgamZle

tipi I A B

tipi II A B

yvelaze naklebad cecxlgamZle)

tipi III A B

tipi IV tipi V masiuri xe A B

jgufi (gamoyeneba)

A B E F

â&#x20AC;˘ Cveulebriv, damproeqtebeli 503-e cxrilis gamoyenebas iwyebs gamoyenebis jgufis mxridan.

H I M R S U

601-e cxrili gansazRvravs Senobis elementebis didi nawilis aucilebel cecxlgamZleobas TiToeuli konstruqciis tipisaTvis. dawvrilebiTi informaciisaTvis ixileT 66-70 gverdebi. sayuradReboa, rom me-7 Tavi aregulirebs cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciaSi gamoyenebul masalebsa da asawyob sistemebs. arsebobs pirdapiri kavSiri gamoyenebis tipis, mosargebleTa xasiaTisa da raodenobisa konstruqciis klasificirebasTan. rac metia mosargebleTa raodenoba, da mosargebleebi specialuri saWiroebebiT, rogoricaa saavadmyofos pacientebi, xandazmulebi da uunaroni, miT metad safrTxis Semcvelia gamoyenebebi da aucilebelia cecxlgamZle da moqmedi cecxlsaqrobi sistemebis doneebis damateba.

58 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

â&#x20AC;˘ ganzraxuli gamoyeneba da

Senobis sasurveli simaRle da farTobi gansazRvravs kodiT daSvebul konstruqciis tips. magaliTad, E jgufis gamoyenebisaTvis minimaluri ZiriTadi konstruqciis tipi unda ganTavsdes 2 sarTulian SenobaSi, romlis TiToeuli iatakis farTobia 929 m2, unda iyos III-B tipis Senoba an IV tipis Senoba.

konstruqciis klasificireba sxvadasxva tipis konstruqciebs Soris arsebuli yvelaze didi gansxvaveba SeiZleba Sejamdes qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi.

masalebi

daculi elementebi

naklebad daculi elementebi

daucveli elementebi

arawvadi

tipi I-A, II-A

tipi I-B

tipi II-B

wvadi

—

—

—

Sereuli sistemebi

tipi III-A

tipi III-B

—

masiuri xe

—

tipi IV

—

nebismieri masala

tipi V-A

—

tipi V-B

•

sayuradReboa, rom cecxlgamZleobis xarisxebi am cxrilSi iklebs marcxnidan marjvniv da zemodan qvemoT.

arawvadi masalebi I da II tipis konstruqciis ZiriTadi elementebi arawvadi masalebisaa. erTian samSeneblo kodSi gansazRvrulia `arawvadi~, rogorc `masala, romlis arcerTi nawili ar aaldeba da daiwveba cecxlis zemoqmedebis SemTxvevaSi~ (1997 UBC $215). arawvadobis IBCiseuli ganmarteba mocemulia $703.4Si, romlis formulirebiTac masalebi, romlebic arawvadi unda iyos, unda akmayofilebdes ASTM standart E 136is Sesabamisi Semowmebis kriteriumebs: `Semowmebis standartuli meTodi masalebis qcevisaTvis vertikalur milisebr RumelSi 750°C-ze~.

wvadi masalebi III, IV da V tipis konstruqciis elementebi sxvadasxva xarisxis wvadi masalebis gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva. xanZrisagan dacvis damatebiTma saSualebebma SeiZleba gazardos am sami tipis konstruqciis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti. sayuradReboa, rom konstruqciis tipebi Sereuli arawvadi da wvadi elementebis Semcveli konstruqciiT, iTvleba wvad konstruqciad da aris III, IV an V tipis.

• arawvad masalebSi Sedis qvis masala, betoni da rkina.

• sayuradReboa, rom damatebiTi cecxlgamZle masalebis gamoyeneba I da II tipis konstruqciis arawvad elementebTan zrdis I-A da II-A tipis koeficientebs, I-B da II-B tipis daucveli arawvadi konstruqciis ZiriTad klasebze metad.

• ar aris ganmartebuli `wvadi konstruqcia~, romelic mocemulia IBC-Si. samSeneblo an samTo mrewvelobis leqsikonebSi es termini gansazRvrulia ase: `aqvs unari, ar aaldes an gauZlos wvas. gamoiyeneba, gansakuTrebiT, masalebisaTvis, romelTac cecxlis zemoqmedebis dros ekidebaT cecxli da iwvian~. savaraudoa, rom eseni unda iyos is masalebi, romlebic ar Seesabameba ASTM E 136is moTxovnebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia arawvadobasTan, aseTebia: xe da plastmasi.

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION / 59

xanZrisagan pasiuri dacva

• cecxlgamZleobis principi efuZvneba survils, SeizRudos cecxlis gavrceleba:

• erTi Senobidan meoresken • erTi farTobidan meoresken; an • erTi iatakidan meoresken.

• Senobis Sida elementebis cecxlgamZleobisadmi moTxovnebi gamomdinareobs ganyofilebebad dayofis Teoriidan. am mosazrebiT, Senoba barierebis saSualebiT iyofa gansxvavebul zonebad, imisaTvis rom Seakavos cecxlis ganviTareba da gavrceleba.

• 601-e cxrili gansazRvravs Senobis umetesi elementebis cecxlgamZleobis aucilebel koeficientebs konstruqciis xuTi tipisaTvis. Senobis elementebis cecxlgamZleoba mosargebleebs aZlevs dros, gavidnen Senobidan sagangebo situaciis dros, xolo mexanZreebs aZlevs dros imisaTvis, rom Caaqron cecxli konstruqciis Camoqcevamde, gansazRvruli drois manZilze. Senobis elementebis kategoriebia:

• struqturuli karkasi • mzidi kedlebi • aramzidi kedlisadmi moTxovnebi warmodgenilia $602-Si, 601-e da 602-e cxrilebSi. interieris aramzidi kedlisa da tixarisadmi moTxovnebi warmodgenilia 601-e cxrilSi. eqsterieris aramzidi kedlisadmi moTxovnebi ki 602-e cxrilSi. • iatakis konstruqcia • saxuravis konstruqcia

60 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

xanZrisagan pasiuri dacva konstruqciis tipebis klasificireba gansazRvravs pasiuri cecxlgamZleobis xarisxs, rac damaxasiaTebelia Senobis konstruqciisa da konvertisaTvis. is gansxvavdeba aqtiuri cecxlsaqrobi sistemebisgan, rogoricaa saSxefebeli sistemebi. rogorc ganxilulia me-7 da me-9 TavebSi, kodis Sesabamisad, SesaZlebelia arCevani gavakeToT pasiur da aqtiur sistemebs Soris. azri imaSia, rom Senobas SevxedoT, rogorc mTlianobas da uzrunvelvyoT cecxlisagan Tanabari dacva, rom mivaRwioT nagebobis dacvisa da mosargebleTa usafrTxoebis winaswargansazRvrul dones. mniSvnelovania, damproeqtebels axsovdes, rom Senobis mesakuTreTa umetesobas urCevnia, Senoba akmayofilebdes kodSi gansazRvrul yvelaze mcire cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis moTxovnas, radgan cecxlgamZleobis uzrunvelyofa pirdapiraa dakavSirebuli mSeneblobis xarjebTan. konstruqciis tipis gansazRvra, Cveulebriv, moiTxovs rogorc sasurveli gamoyenebis, ise Senobebs an Senobebis nawilebs Soris cecxlgamyofi manZilisadmi moTxovnebis analizs. da piriqiT, Senobis ufro maRali cecxlgamZleobis koeficientiani sistemebis gamoyenebisas Senobis nawilisaTvis momsaxurebis an esTetikuri mizniT, aucilebeli ar aris, mTeli Senoba ufro maRali koeficientis mqone iyos, vidre saWiroa gamoyenebis an miwis nakveTis mdebareobis mixedviT. klasificirebisaTvis gamoyenebuli standartebi aris minimaluri standartebi, Tumca minimaluri da maqsimaluri gamoiyeneba mTel SenobasTan da ara izolirebul komponentebTan. mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemma unda Seamowmos damproeqteblis mier miniWebuli konstruqciis klasificireba da gansazRvros saboloo klasificireba.

Senobas unda SevxedoT, rogorc mTlian sistemas da ganvixiloT erTianobaSi. $602.1.1-Si aRniSnulia, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom Senobis nawili SeiZleba aWarbebdes misi tipisa da gamoyenebisaTvis gansazRvrul moTxovnebs, mTlian Senobas ar Wirdeba rom akmayofilebdes ufro maRali koeficicentis moTxovnebs, vidre saWiroa ganzraxuli gamoyenebisaTvis.

â&#x20AC;˘ pasiuri cecxlgamZleoba Sedegia samSeneblo masalebisa da asawyobi sistemebis gamoyenebisa, romelTac unda gauZlon cecxlis zemoqmedebas ise, rom ar Camoiqcen an garkveul temperaturaze metad ar gacxeldnen cecxlis zemoqmedebis sapirispiro mxares. 503-e cxrilis mixedviT, cecxlgamZle masalebis gamoyenebam samSeneblo masalebad imisaTvis, rom konstruqciis klasi gadavides B-dan A-Si, SeiZleba gazardos dasaSvebi simaRleebi da farTobebi. cxrilis mixedviT, wvadi masalebis cecxlgamZleoba SeiZleba ufro metad gazardos cecxlgamZle safarebis gamoyenebam, rom miRweul iqnas mizani, SeCerdes cecxlis gavrceleba da gaizardos Senobis konstruqciis gamZleobis periodi xanZris dros. pasiuri cecxlgamZle masalebis gamoyenebam SeiZleba gazardos arawvadi masalebis gamZleobis periodic. TviT rkinam an betonma, Tu daucvelia, SeiZleba dakargos simtkice cecxlis zemoqmedebis dros.

â&#x20AC;˘ aqtiuri

cecxldamcaoba moicavs cecxlis aRmomCen da cecxlsaqrob sistemebs, rogorebicaa: avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi, qimiuri cecxlsaqrobi sistemebi an kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION / 61

cxrili 601 601-e cxrili gansazRvravs Senobis umTavresi elementebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientisadmi moTxovnebs, romlebic emyareba gansazRvrul konstruqciis tips an konstruqciis klasificirebas. Senoba SeiZleba klasificirdes mxolod, rogorc erTi tipis konstruqcia, Tu xanZarsawinaaRmdego kedeli ar yofs mas calkeul nagebobebad. maSinac ki, Tu Senobis zogierTi elementi akmayofilebs cecxlgamZleobis ufro maRali konstruqciis tipisadmi arsebul koeficientis moTxovnebs, Senoba, rogorc erTi mTliani, unda Seesabamebodes mxolod yvelaze dabali tipis konstruqcias, romelic Seesabameba gamoyenebis safuZvelze arsebul kodis minimalur moTxovnebs. es aseve gulisxmobs, rom arawvadobis Skalaze, Senobis konstruqciis tipis sidide klasificirdeba misi cecxlgamZle elementebis minimaluri cecxlgamZleobis mixedviT. aucilebeli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi saaTebSi (cxrili 601, Semoklebuli versia) konstruqciis tipi

tipi I

tipi II

tipi III

tipi IV

tipi V

A

B

A

B

A

B

masiuri xe

A

B

struqturuli karkasi 3

2

1

0

1

0

masiuri xe

1

0

mzidi kedlebi eqsterieri interieri

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0

2 1

2 0

2 1/masiuri xe

1 1

0 0

aramzidi kedlebi

eqsterieris aramzidi kedlebisa da interieris tixrebisadmi moTxovnebi mocemulia $602-Si da 602-e cxrilSi.

iatakis konstruqcia

2

Senobis elementi*

saxuravis konstruqcia 1½

2

1

0

1

0

masiuri xe

1

0

1

1

0

1

0

masiuri xe

1

0

* winamorbed samodelo kodebSi, iseTi

elementebi, rogorebicaa kibeebi, gansazRvruli iyo samSeneblo masalebTan mimarTebaSi, konstruqciis tipebis Semcvel nawilebSi. $1009.5-Si axali Semowmebaze dafuZvnebuli kriteriumebi acxadebs, rom kibeebi `aigos iseTi masalebiT, romlebic Seesabameba Senobis konstruqciisaTvis nebadarTul tipebs~. am axalma ganmartebam SeiZleba gaugebroba gamoiwvios $603Tan erTad gamoyenebis dros, sadac daSvebulia wvadi masalebis gamoyeneba I da II tipis konstruqciebSi.

601-e cxrilis sqolioebi moicavs arsebiT informacias, romelic damproeqtebelma unda gamoiyenos daproeqtebisas gadawyvetilebis miRebis dros da 601-e cxrilisa da 503-e cxrilis (romelsac SesabamisobaSi mohyavs dasaSvebi simaRle da Senobis farTobebi konstruqciis tipebTan da gamoyenebebTan) Sejerebisas. damproeqtebeli yuradRebiT unda gaecnos sqolioebs, radgan isini Seicavs mniSvnelovan gamonaklisebsa da alternativebs. magaliTad, wvadi konstruqciisaTvis saSxefebeli sistemis alternativa, romelic erT dros mocemuli iyo calke debulebad erTian samSeneblo kodebSi, axla gadatanilia 601-e cxrilis sqolioSi.

62 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

cxrili 601

• sqolio a: gansazRvreba imisa, Tu risgan Sedgeba struqturuli karkasi, mocemulia cxrilis am sqolioSi. aRniSnul dacvasTan dakavSirebul kriteriumebs unda akmayofilebdes mxolod is ZiriTadi elementebi, romlebic uSualod svetebs eyrdnoba da erTianobaSi qmnian karkass.

• sxva

elementebi, romlebic ar qmnian struqturul karkass, gaTvaliswinebulia iatakisa da saxuravis konstruqciisadmi moTxovnebSi.

• sqolio b: am sqolios mixedviT, saxuravis karkass, dakavSirebuls interieris mzid kedlebTan I tipis konstruqciaSi ufro msubuqi saxanZro datvirTva aqvs, vidre iatakebis konstruqcias.

• sqolio c: am sqolios pirobebi exeba specialur debulebebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia cecxlisagan dacvasa da Senobis elementis dacvas saxuravis konstruqciaSi. sqolio uSvebs daucvel saxuravis konstruqciebs qvemoT mdebare iatakidan 6096 mm-ze an maRla, garda F-1, H, M da S-1 gamoyenebis jgufebisa da cecxlgamZleobisaTvis damuSavebuli xis masalis gamoyenebas aseTi daucveli nawilebisaTvis.

• sqolio d: uSvebs masiuri xis gamoyenebas, sadac 1 saaTiani an naklebi cecxlgamZleobis koeficientia aucilebeli.

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION / 63

cxrili 601 • sqolio e: am sqolioSi mocemulia

• 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia

• daSvebuli saSxefebeli sistema • Semcvlelebi araa daSvebuli eqsterieris kedlebisTvis

alternativebi avtomaturi xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemebis gamoyenebisaTvis, rac saSualebas iZleva Semcirdes I, II da V tipis konstruqciis SenobebSi Senobis elementebis dacva. es efuZvneba pasiur cecxlgamZleobas (romelic gamoyenebulia konstruqciaSi) da aqtiur cecxlqrobas Soris urTierTqmedebas, romelic proeqtdeba cecxlis Casaqrobad manam, sanam is imdenad gaZlierdeba, rom safrTxes Seuqmnis Senobis im struqturuli elementebis struqturul mTlianobas, romelTac dacva sWirdeba. am alternativebis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia mxolod maSin, roca saSxefebeli sistema sxvagvarad ar aris moTxovnili kodis mixedviT da ar aris gamoyenebuli Senobis dasaSvebi farTobis an simaRlis gasazrdelad. damproeqtebelTa jgufma, dasaSvebi alternativebis SerCevisas, yuradRebiT unda ganixilon pasiuri da aqtiuri sistemebis xasiaTi. magaliTad, ganixilon, romeli midgomaa ukeTesi seismurad aqtiur farTobze mdebare SenobisaTvis, rac gavlenas moaxdens amgvar gadawyvetilebebze. aqtiuri sistemebi SeiZleba damokidebuli iyos adgilidan moSorebuli wylis wyaroze, romelmac SesaZloa Sewyvitos funqcionireba miwisZvris Semdeg. meores mxriv, Senobis ryevam SeiZleba gamoiwvios gamoyenebuli cecxlgamZle masalebis dazianeba da maT saTanadod veRar daicvan struqtura miwisZvris Sedegad gaCenili xanZris SemTxvevaSi, romlis Casaqrobad SeiZleba adgilze arsebuli wylis maragis gamoyeneba saavario generatorze momuSave saqaCebis/tumboebis saSualebiT.

• sqolio f: es sqolio miuTiTebs specialur debulebaze, romelic exeba interieris aramzid tixarebs IV tipis SenobebSi, rogorc mocemulia §602.4.6-is detalur nawilebSi.

• sqolio g: sqolio damproeqtebels urCevs, Seadaros 601-e da 602-e cxrilebis moTxovnebi eqsterieris mzidi kedlebis mimarT arsebuli cecxlgamZleobisadmi moTxovnebis gansasazRvad. SesaZlebelia, rom 602-e cxrilis moTxovnebi moiTxovdes ufro maRal cecxlgamZleobis koeficients eqsterieris kedlisaTvis, vidre 601-e cxrili; urTierT gadamfaravi moTxovnebis SemTxvevaSi, §102.1-is Sesabamisad gamoiyeneba yvelaze mkacri moTxovnebi. magaliTad, E jgufis saganmanaTleblo gamoyeneba II-B tipis SenobaSi, romelic mdebareobs miwis nakveTis sazRvridan 1524 mm-is manZilze, saWiroebs 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone kedels 602-e cxrilis mixedviT, 601-e cxrilis Sesabamisad ki saerTod ar saWiroebs koeficients. am SemTxvevaSi, gamoiyeneba 1 saaTiani koeficientis moTxovna, radgan §102.1-is Sesabamisad, unda gamoviyenoT yvelaze mkacri debuleba.

64 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

cxrili 602 602-e cxrili gansazRvravs eqsterieris kedlebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientisadmi moTxovnebs cecxlgamyofi manZilidan, aseve, konstruqciis tipidan da gamoyenebis jgufebidan gamomdinare. cxrili moiTxovs, rom gamoyenebis jgufi cnobili iyos imisaTvis, rom ganisazRvros cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi eqsterieris kedlebisTvis. sayuradReboa, aseve, rom 601-e cxrilSi mocemuli moTxovnebi eqsterieris mzidi kedlisadmi unda SevadaroT 602-e cxrilis moTxovnebs. sadac amgvari Sedarebebi iwvevs potenciur konfliqts, gamoiyeneba ufro mkacri moTxovna, $102.1-is Sesabamisad.

• termini `cecxlgamyofi manZili~ gan•

• kedlebi ≥ 90° miwis nakveTis saz-

Su

axa

zi

Rvris mimarT ar regulirdeba 602-e cxriliT.

dacva saWiro ar aris eqsterieris am nawilisTvis, radgan is uyurebs sazogadoebriv gzas.

• cecxlgamyofi manZili

gad

oeb

ri

vi

gz

is

90°

azo

• warmosaxviTi sazRvari unda

is quC

dacva, romelic saWiroa, roca Senoba iWreba cecxlgamyof manZilSi

•

sazRv.

•

•

an s

gaivlos erT miwis nakveTze mdebare ramdenime Senobas Soris, $704.3-is Sesabamisad

cxrili 602

eqsterieris kedlebis aucilebeli cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti cecxlgamyofi manZilidan gamomdinare cecxlgamyofi manZili (mm)

>30

jgufi H

konstruqciis tipis Semcireba

•

•

•

manZilis gazrda

<5

konstruqciis tipi

AII

3

jgufebi F-1, M, S-1

jgufebi A, B, E, F-2, I, R, S-2, U

safrTxis Semcireba 2

1

I-A

izrdeba cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi

• V-B yvela

0

0

sazRvrulia $702-Si. es axali terminia wina samodelo kodebis zogierTi momxmareblisaTvis. es ganmarteba cvlis termins `mdebareoba miwis nakveTze~ ufro farTo azriT, rac gulisxmobs ara mxolod Senobebis sivrciT urTierTobebs maTi ganTavsebis adgilis sazRvrebTan, aramed imave adgilze mdebare momijnave SenobebTanac. eseni damokidebuli cvladebia, romelTagan TiToeuli zemoqmedebs erTimeoreze Senobis daproeqtebis dros. cecxlgamyofi manZili unda gaizomos perpendikularulad Senobis fasadisken, rogorc ilustrirebulia.

• cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi mcirdeba Senobebs Soris manZilis gazrdasTan erTad. isini aseve mcirdeba konstruqciis tipisadmi moTxovnebis Semcirebis Sesabamisad. 602-e cxrili aseve Seicavs varaudebs cecxlgamyof manZilebTan dakavSirebul gamoyenebebis safrTxeebze. mTavari principia sxvadasxva gamoyenebebis gamo arsebuli safrTxeebis Sesamcireblad manZilebis gazrda. manZili aseve amcirebs naklebad cecxlgamZle konstruqciis mimarT cecxlis garedan zemoqmedebas.

• eqsterieris

kedlebSi Riobebis farTobebis sidide ganisazRvreba $704.8 cxrilSi mocemuli farTobis SezRudvebis Sesabamisad. Riobebis dacvis xarisxebi Seesabameba kedlis 602-e cxrilSi mocemul kedlis dacvisadmi moTxovnebs da Riobebis dacvisadmi moTxovnebs, romlebic mocemulia 715.4 cxrilSi. damproeqtebelma Tavdapirvelad unda daadginos eqsterieris kedlebis aucilebeli cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, rom gansazRvros eqsterieris kedlebSi Riobebis dacvis aucilebeli xarisxi. Semdeg damproeqtebels unda SeeZlos eqsterieris kedelSi daculi da daucveli Riobebis dasaSvebi sididis gansazRvra am ori nawilis erTdroulad gamoyenebiT.

0

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION / 65

I da II tipis konstruqciebi I da II tipis konstruqciis Senobis elementebi arawvadi masalebisaa. rogorc 49-e gverdze aRiniSna, arawvadobis gansazRvreba mocemulia $703.4-Si da moiTxovs ASTM E 136-is kriteriumebTan Sesabamisobas.

• I-A tipis konstruqcias, romelic cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone yvelaze maRali xarisxis konstruqciaa, sWirdeba pasiuri dacva nagebobis yvela elementisaTvis.

• I-B tipis konstruqcia I-A tipis konstruqciis msgavsia, Tumca uSvebs cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis Semcirebas 1 saaTiT struqturuli karkasisaTvis, mzidi kedlebisa da iatakis konstruqciisaTvis da ½ saaTiT Semcirebas saxuravis konstruqciisaTvis.

• II-A tipis konstruqcia moiTxovs elementebis umetesobis 1 saaTian dacvas, Tumca uSvebs aqtiuri an pasiuri dacvis gamoyenebas nagebobis yvela elementisaTvis eqvivalenturi dacvis misaRwevad.

• II-B tipis konstruqcia uSvebs Senobis daucveli elementebis arsebobas. konstruqciis es tipi zogierT winamdebare samodelo kodSi gansazRvruli iyo, rogorc `II tipis, koeficientis armqone~.

wvadi masalebi I da II tipis konstruqciebSi arawvadi konstruqciis tipSi wvadi masalebis gamoyeneba ise unda gavigoT, rom es gamoyenebebi unda iyos Senobis mTavari struqturis damxmare. am wvadi masalebis gamoyenebis daSvebis winapirobaa is, rom isini iqneba SezRuduli raodenobis da sasurveli xarisxis cecxlgamZleobis. rogorc vxedavT, I da II tipis konstruqciebisaTvis arsebuli wesebi, marTalia, moiTxovs arawvadi masalebis gamoyenebas, magram uSvebs rig gamonaklisebs yvela moTxovnis erToblivi gamoyenebis dros.

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§603 Seicavs SeniSvnebis nusxas, sadac gansazRvrulia, romeli wvadi masalebi SeiZleba gamoiyenebodes I da II tipis SenobebSi.

1. SeniSvna 1 imeorebs, rom daSvebulia cecxlgamZleobisTvis damuSavebuli xis masalis gamoyeneba aramzidi kedlebisa da tixrebisaTvis da saxuravis konstruqciisaTvis, rac aRniSnulia 601-e cxrilis sqolioSi. 2. masalebi, romelTa alis gavrcelebis koeficienti 25-ze naklebia, Seesabameba A klasis interieris damasrulebel masalebs ASTM E 84-is Sesabamisad. es indeqsebi SeiZleba ufro maRali iyos, rogorc aRniSnulia gamonaklisSi, sadac arawvadi masalebis fenebs Soris Casmulia izolacia ise, rom maT Soris ar darCes sahaero sivrce.

3. qafplastebi daSvebulia, Tu Seesabameba kodis 26-e Tavis debulebebs. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa §2603.5-is debulebebi, romlebic exeba I, II, III da IV tipis Senobebis eqsterierze gamoyenebul qafplastebs.

4. saxuravis safarebis umetesoba aris A, B an C klasis, amdenad, es SeniSvna TiTqmis yovelTvis gamoyenebadia.

5. kodi ambobs, rom interieris wvadi dekoratiuli da utilitaruli damasrulebeli masalebi, rogorebicaa xis iatakebi, unda daigos arawvad struqturul elementebze.

6. xis masaliT mopirkeTeba gruntis niSnulTan an mis axlos misaRebia, Tu mexanZreebisaTvis advilad misadgomia da ar mdebareobs gruntis niSnulidan 4572 mm-ze maRla. 7. es SeniSvna iTxovs cecxldamcavebs xis iatakebSi I da II tipis konstruqciaSi. is me-5 SeniSvnis msgavsia.

8. am nawilis mTavari sakiTxia is, rom gansaxilvel farTobs iyenebdes da akontrolebdes erTi mosargeble. es debulebebi ar exeba mravalmosargeblian sivrceebs. aseve, am tixarebma ar unda gansazRvros gasasvlelTan misadgomi bilikebi, romlebic SeiZleba warmoadgendes 30-ze meti mosargeblisaTvis gamosayenebel derefnebs. am SeniSvnis mixedviT, erTmosargeblian iatakebs, aseve, SeiZleba hqondes xis tixrebi an msgavsi msubuqi konstruqciebi, Tu isini 1829 mm-ze dabali iqneba da fexze mdgom mosargebleebs eqnebaT saSualeba aTvalieron gamoyenebuli sivrce saavario SemTxvevis dros.

I da II tipis konstruqciebi

9. scenebi da baqnebi gansazRvrulia $410 -Si, rogorc amaRlebuli farTobebi, gamoyenebuli religiuri daniSnulebiT, leqciebisaTvis, musikis, warmodgenebis an sxvagvari garTobis warmosadgenad.

10. konkretulad ixileT $1406-is debulebebi, romlebic exeba cecxlgamyofsa da wvadi safarebis cecxlgamZleobas Soris urTierTdamokidebulebas. aseve sayuradReboa, rom plastamsis safarebi unda Seesabamebodes kodis 26-e Tavs. eqsterieris kedlebidan gamonaSverebi gansazRvrulia $704-Si da esenic dakavSirebulia konstruqciis tipTan. Tavis mxriv, $704-Si aseve aris gadamisamarTeba $1406-Tan Senobebis eqsterierze wvadi masalebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT.

.

11. es SeniSvna aRiarebs wvis damblokvelisa da salursmneebis aucileblobas damasrulebeli masalebisa da dafiqsirebuli avejis dasamontaJeblad da rom isini Senobis, rogorc erTi mTlianis struqturuli cecxlgamZleobis damxmare elementebia.

12. plastmasis gamWvirvale masalebi dasaSvebia, kodis 26-e Tavis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

13. es msgavsia me-11 SeniSvnaSi daSvebuli wvadi masalebis gamoyenebisa.

14. plastmasis dekoratiuli safari dasaSvebia, Tu is damontaJebulia §2605.2-is Sesabamisad.

15. es msgavsia me-11 SeniSvnaSi daSvebuli wvadi masalebis gamoyenebisa.

16. es aris gadamisamarTeba 601-e cxrilis sqolio d-ze da savaldebulo ar aris.

17. §703.2.2-is mixedviT, es agregatebi daSvebulia iyos wvadi im pirobiT, rom asawyobi sistema akmayofilebs kodis kriteriumebs, romlebic gamomdinareobs cecxlgamZleobis Semowmebidan.

18. cecxlgamZle masalebi ar SeiZleba erTmniSvnelovnad CaiTvalos arawvadad da unda daeqvemdebaros §1704.10 da 1704.11-is Sesabamis specialur Semowmebas.

19–22. es gamonaklisebi me-18 SeniSvnis msgavsia da uSvebs wvadi masalebis gamoyenebas, Tu isini akmayofilebs IBC-is an sxva saerTaSoriso kodebSi gansazRvrul specifikur kriteriumebs.

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION / 67

III tipis konstruqcia III tipis Senobebi warmoadgens arawvadi da wvadi elementebis nazavs. maT aqvT arawvadi eqsterieris kedlebi da wvadi iterieris konstruqcia. Senobis es tipebi aSS-Si warmoiSva me-19 saukunis dasasruls im ganzraxviT, rom bolo moReboda did xanZrebs biznes SenobebiT gadatvirTul ubnebSi, magaliTad, rogoric iyo CikagoSi. Senobebi daproeqtda imgvarad, rom cecxli ar gavrcelebuliyo Senobidan Senobaze, risTvisac Senobis eqsterieris kedlebi arawvadi unda yofiliyo.

â&#x20AC;˘ III tipis Senobis eqsterieris samSeneblo masalebi aucileblad arawvadi unda iyos. dasaSvebia cecxlgamZleobisTvis damuSavebuli xis masalis gamoyeneba eqsterieris iseT kedlebSi, sadac aucilebeli cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti 2 saaTi an naklebia. 601-e cxrilis moTxovniT, III-A tipis SenobebSi aucilebelia 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone kedlebi; amdenad, cecxlgamZleobisaTvis damuSavebuli xis masala misaRebia garda im SemTxvevisa, roca is aWarbebs cecxlgamyofi manZilidan gamomdinare 602-e cxrilis moTxovnebs. es moxdeba mxolod H jgufis gamoyenebebSi, sadac cecxlgamyofi manZili 1524 mm-ze naklebia.

â&#x20AC;˘ III tipis Senobebi miCneulia wvadad, vinaidan, kodis daSvebiT, maTi interieris elementebi warmoadgens wvad masalebs da daucvel konstruqciebs (Tu amis saSualebas iZleva Senobis simaRle da farTobi), gamoyenebidan gamomdinare.

68 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

IV tipis konstruqcia IV tipis Senobebi gaCnda saxanZro usafrTxoebis pirobebis Sesaqmnelad samSenelo warmoebasa da sasawyobo SenobebSi, radgan III tipis Senobebi saofise da sacxovrebel gamoyenebebs exeboda. IV tipis SenobebSi gamoyenebuli konstruqciis tipi cnobilia, rogorc `sawarmoo konstruqcia~, an `masiuri xis~ konstruqcia. am SenobebSi gamoyenebulia masiuri xis struqturuli nawilebi da masiuri xis iatakis safarebi arawvadi konstruqciis eqsterieris kedlebs SigniT. bevr amgvar Senobas, aseve, aqvs moZravi mZime liTonis darabebi, romlebic xuravs eqsterieris Riobebs Senobis garedan daucveli Riobebis gavliT cecxlis SenobaSi gavrcelebis Tavidan asacileblad.

• ufro Zvel SenobebSi, am tipis konstruqciaSi gamoiyeneboda daxerxili masiuri xe, Tanamedrove konstruqciebSi ki Sewebebul-laminirebul struqturul xis nawilebs iyeneben.

• masiuri xis konstruqciaSi mTavaria,

`masiuri xis~ konstruqciasTan dakavSirebuli kriteriumebi efuZvneba istoriuli mSeneblobis gamocdilebas da ara samecniero ganmartebebs, romlebic mocemulia ASTM E 136 da E 119-Si. xanZrebis dros araerTxel gamovlinda aseTi Senobebis simtkice. sadazRvevo industriam xeli Seuwyo am tipis konstruqciis Senobebis mSeneblobas 1800iani wlebis bolos da 1900-iani wlebis dasawyisSi, rom SeemcirebinaT xanZrisagan gamowveuli sakuTari danakargebi/ zarali. saerTod, IV tipis Senobebi xanZris pirobebSi nela iwvis. masiuri xis nawilebis aaleba da danaxSireba iwyeba 204.4°C-ze. danaxSirebis gagrZelebis SemTxvevaSi, is aferxebs xis masalis danarCeni nawilebis Semdgom dazianebas xis masalis Sida nawilebis cecxlisagan izolirebis saSualebiT.

rom mas ar aqvs damaluli sivrceebi Senobis elementebs Soris. es xels uSlis cecxlis gavrcelebas Senobis elementebSi da damalul adgilebSi. am tipis konstruqciis sistemis nawilia struqturis moulodneli Camoqcevis Tavidan acileba.

• samSeneblo xis zomebs ewodeba `nominaluri~, rac miuTiTebs, rom xis masalis nawilebis realuri gabaritebi ufro mcire iqneba, vidre xis daxerxvis standartebSi aRniSnuli gabaritebi. magaliTad, 203 × 203 nominaluri nawili realurad iqneba 184 × 184.

• iatakis ficris minimaluri nominaluri sisqe unda iyos 76 mm, da iatakebi daSorebuli unda iyos eqsterieris kedlidan, magram unda hqondes cecxldamblokveli an safexurebrivi naSveri (kedlis gamoSverili struqtura, romelic qmnis koWis sayrdens) iatakis nawilebis qvemoT. • saSxefebeli sistemis alternativasTan dakavSirebuli kriteriumebi masiuri xis Senobebis saxuravisaTvis detaluradaa aRwerili §602.4.3-Si. axla isini mocemulia aseve 601-e cxrilis d sqolioSi sxva tipis konstruqciebisaTvis, sadac aucilebelia 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleoba.

• sayuradReboa, rom gamijvnis bevri sxva detaluri kriteriumi masiuri xis SenobebisaTvis Sedis §602.4-Si da ara 602-e nawilSi, sxva tipis konstruqciebisgan gansxvavebiT.

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION / 69

V tipis konstruqcia V tipis konstruqcia yvelaze naklebad SezRuduli tipis konstruqciaa. masSi dasaSvebia kodiT nebadarTuli nebismieri masalis gamoyeneba. V tipis konstruqciis tipiuri magaliTia pirobiTad msubuqi xis karkasiani erTi ojaxis sacxovrebeli.

• vinaidan V tipis konstruqciis nebismieri elementi SeiZleba iyos wvadi, Senobis elementebis cecxlgamZleoba, Cveulebriv, uzrunvelyofilia Senobis nawilebSi cecxlgamZle masalebis gamoyenebiT.

• V-A tipis konstruqcia daculi konstruqciaa da, amdenad, Senobis yvela mTavar elements unda hqondes 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti. erTaderTi gamonaklisia interieris aramzidi kedlebi da tixrebi, romlebic Sedis 601-e cxrilSi. e sqolios daSvebiT, aqtiur damcavad SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema, romelic 1 saaTian pasiur damcavs Caanacvlebs.

• V-B tipis konstruqcia daucvelia da ar sWirdeba cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca 602-e cxrili moiTxovs eqsterieris kedlis dacvas.

70 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

7 cecxlgamZle konstruqcia cecxlgamZleoba konstruqciis tipebis klasis dadgenis mTavari faqtoria. struqturuli masalebi klasificirdeba wvad an arawvad masalebad. arawvadi masalebi, TavianTi bunebidan gamomdinare, metad cecxlgamZlea. Tumca, TviT arawvadi struqturuli masalebi SeiZleba Sesustdes cecxlis zemoqmedebis Sedegad. damatebiTi masalebi, romelTac aqvT unari, gauZlon gansazRvruli intensivobis cecxlis zemoqmedebas saxanZro testebis safuZvelze gansazRvruli drois manZilze, SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos struqturul masalebTan erTad aucilebeli cecxlgamZleobis misaRwevad. rogorc konstruqciis tipebis ganxilvisas vnaxeT, arsebobs pirdapiri kavSiri konstruqciis tipebis mixedviT cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebsa da gamoyenebis tipebsa da mosargebleebis dasaSveb raodenobas Soris. kodSi gansazRvrulia cecxlgamZleobis uzrunvelyofis ori ZiriTadi meTodi SenobebSi sicocxlis usafrTxoebisaTvis. isini SeiZleba klasificirdes, rogorc pasiuri an aqtiuri damcavebi. am midgomebs ganasxvavebs maTi reagirebebi Senobis struqturaze cecxlis efeqtebis mimarT. pasiuri damcveli CaSenebulia Senobis struqturaSi da uzrunvelyofs bariers struqturasa da cecxls Soris. aqtiuri damcavi, rogoricaa xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemebi, cecxlze reagirebs cecxlsaqrobi da kvamlgamwovi sistemebis gaaqtiurebiT, ris Sedegadac struqtura dauzianebeli rCeba ufro meti xnis manZilze, vidre damcavis gareSe da mosargebleebs gaqcevis saSualeba eZlevaT. kodi aqtiur da pasiur damcavebs Soris arCevanis gakeTebis saSualebas iZleva. magaliTad, struqturis 1 saaTian dacvasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis nacvlad, zogierT SemTxvevebSi, SeiZleba gamoviyenoT xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemebis debulebebi garkveuli gamoyenebebisaTvis. am TavSi ganvixilavT kodis moTxovnebs pasiuri cecxlgamZleobisaTvis; me-9 TavSi ganxilulia cecxlgamZleobis aqtiuri saSualebebi. damproeqteblebisa da mesakuTreebisaTvis, pasiur da aqtiur cecxlgamZleobas Soris arCevani daproeqtebisa da ekonomikuri analizis nawilia, ris Semdegac gadawyveten, romeli sistema ufro Sesaferisia mocemuli proeqtisaTvis. aqtiur sistemasTan SedarebiT pasiuri sistemisaTvis upiratesobis miniWeba gamoyenebisa da mdebareobisadmi moTxovnebis sxvadasxva konstruqciis tipebisTvis dasaSveb simaRleebTan da farTobebTan Sedarebis iteratiuli/mravalgzisi procesis nawilia. rogorc wina TavebSi aRiniSna, Cveulebriv, daproeqtebis mizania yvelaze ekonomiuri tipis konstruqciis gamoyeneba, romelic gamoyenebis saWiroebebs daakmayofilebs. kodi aRiarebs alternativebis efeqtianobas konstruqciis tipebsa da cecxlisagan damcavebis tipebs Soris. is aseve miiCnevs, rom aqtiur da pasiur cecxlgamZleobas Soris arCevani dakavSirebulia SezRudvebTan, ramdenadac isini damokidebulia konstruqciisa da sargeblobis tipebze. sadac kodi moiTxovs aqtiuri sistemebis gamoyenebas, simaRleebisa da farTobebis gazrdasTan dakavSirebuli kriteriumebidan gamomdinare, maSin, pasiur dacvasTan dakavSirebuli debulebebis nacvlad aqtiuri sistemebis debulebebis gamoyeneba, zogadad, nebadarTuli araa. alternativebis gamoyeneba nebayoflobiTia da damproeqtebelsa da mesakuTres aZlevs uflebas, airCion cecxlgamZleobis aucilebeli xarisxis uzrunvelyofis gza. roca kodis debulebebi sxvagvarad moiTxovs aqtiur sistemebs, isini kodis mixedviT, Cveulebriv, dauSvebelia pasiuri sistemebis moTxovnebis sakompensaciod.

cecxlgamZle konstruqcia • cecxlgamZle konstruqcias, pasiurs

cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi §702-is gansazRvrebis mixedviT, cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti warmoadgens drois monakveTs, `romlis ganmavlobaSic Senobis elementi, komponenti an awyobili sistema inarCunebs cecxlis lokalizebis (momwyvdevis, Caketvis) unars, agrZelebs mocemuli struqturuli funqciis Sesrulebas an orives~, da romelic ganisazRvreba testebiT an §703-Si aRwerili meTodebiT. saaTebSi gazomili drois koeficientebi gviCvenebs, ramden xans SeuZlia samSeneblo masalas, elements an awyobil sistemas struqturuli mTlianobisa da/an xanZris dros Tbogadacemis mimarT medegobis SenarCuneba, da Seesabameba kodis me-6 TavSi gansazRvrul konstruqciis tips.

an aqtiurs, aqvs ori umTavresi daniSnuleba:

• pirvelia Senobis struqturis dacva. pasiuri dacvis pirobebSi aseTi dacva, Cveulebriv, gamoyenebulia pirdapir struqturul nawilebze.

• meore aris sivrceebis gamijvna SenobaSi cecxlis an kvamlis gavrcelebis an Senobebs Soris cecxlis gavrcelebis Tavidan asacileblad. sivrceebis dacva gulisxmobs cecxlis an kvamlis zemoqmedebisgan Senobis iseTi sistemebis dacvas, rogoricaa: iatakebi, kedlebi da Werebi, aseve, am sistemebSi arsebuli Riobebi.

§703.2 zRudavs cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebis miniWebas fundamenturi saxanZro testis safuZvelze, romelic gamoqveynebulia ASTM International (ASTM)-is mier, romelsac adre ewodeboda `amerikis sazogadoeba testirebisa da masalebisaTvis~. ASTM-is testis E 119 Sesabamisad, masalebi da awyobili sistemebi mowmdeba realuri xanZris pirobebSi. Sesamowmebeli masala da awyobili sistema montaJdeba quraSi mosalodneli zemoqmedebis msgavs pirobebSi, mag., vertikalurad kedlebisTvis, horizontalurad iatakebis an WerebisTvis da Semdeg xdeba cnobili intensiurobis cecxlis zemoqmedebis gamowveva. cecxlis zemoqmedeba imarTeba standartuli dro-temperaturis mrudiT, sadac cecxlis intensivoba izrdeba mocemuli drois periodSi da aRwevs winaswargansazRvrul temperaturas mocemuli drois Semdeg da amis Semdeg narCundeba es temperatura. Semdeg nimuSze cecxlis zemoqmedeba grZeldeba mis ganadgurebamde an sanam damcavis gamZleoba gadaaWarbebs sasurvel maqsimalur zRvars. es gansazRvravs gansaxilveli masalis an awyobili sistemisTvis saaTebSi gamoxatul cecxlgamZleobis koeficients.

farTobebs, rogorc mTlian iatakebs, SemozRuduls an SemosazRvruls • cecxlgamZle kedlebiT • eqsterieris kedlebiT • cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone Senobis horizontaluri awyobili sistemebiT.

• cecxlgamZleobis

koeficientebi damokidebulia sxvadasxva masa-lebisa da konstruqciebis qcevaze ASTMSi gansazRvruli saxanZro testis pirobebSi. Cveulebriv, testebi iTvaliswinebs, Tu awyobili sistemis romeli gverdi SeiZleba aRmoCndes cecxlis zemoqmedebis qveS.

udi uris• mr erat p m e -t winaswar gansazRvruli temperaro

droebiTi datvirTva

tura (C°) mocemul droSi

• temperatura

•

d

• §702 gansazRvravs cecxlisgan dacul

• dro sT-Si

72 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

mudmivi datvirTva

cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi §703.2-is gamonaklisi uSvebs, rom eqsterieris mzidi kedlis koeficienti toli iyos aramzidi kedlebis koeficientisa, roca gaTvaliswinebulia yvela faqtori, kerZod: cecxlgammijnavebi da gamoyeneba. am gamonaklisis Tanaxmad, eqsterieris kedlebis cecxlgamZleobis mizania cecxlis gavrcelebis SeCereba struqturis gareT, aseve, struqturis dacva. vinaidan am pirobis maregulirebeli kriteriumebi iTvaliswinebs Senobis gareT cecxlis gavrcelebis Seferxebas, kodi aRiarebs, rom struqturisaTvis yvelaze maRali xarisxis dacvas sivrcis SemomzRudavi kedlebi warmoadgens. §703.2.3 varaudobs, rom Semowmebuli awyobili sistemebi ar aris SezRuduli ASTM E 119-is ganmartebebis Tanaxmad. `SezRuduli~ niSnavs struqturuli nawilebis unars, SeikumSon an gafarTovdnen xanZris pirobebSi. SezRudul awyobil sistemebad miCneul sistemebs, Cveulebriv, ufro maRali saaTobrivi koeficientebi aqvs da naklebi cecxlisgan damcavebi sWirdeba, amdenad, mimzidvelia daproeqtebisas gamoyenebisaTvis.

Tumca, kodi moiTxovs, rom aseTi awyobili sistemebi aRniSnulis iyos gegmebze. daproeqtebis sirTule da awyobili sistemebis SezRuduloba, Zalian xSirad gadawonis cecxlisgan damcavi masalebis Semcirebuli raodenobiT gamoyenebisgan miRebul mogebas. cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebis gansazRvris dros, damproeqteblebs vurCevT, miyvnen kodis nawilebis debulebebs da yvela awyobili konstruqcia SeuzRudavad miiCnion.

alternatiuli meTodebi marTalia, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi, ZiriTadad, efuZvneba ASTM E 119-is testebs saaTobrivi koeficientebis gasazRvrisas, §703.3 damproeqteblebs uflebas aZlevs, gamoiyenon ramdenime alternatiuli meTodi cecxlgamZleobis kriteriumebTan Sesabamisobis saCveneblad. erTi meTodi uSvebs iseTi aRiarebuli saagentoebis mier gansazRvruli koeficientebis gamoyenebas, rogorebicaa: Underwriters Laboratory (teqnikuri usafrTxoebis laboratoria UL) an Factory Mutual (FM).

TavisTavad, kodi Seicavs 720-e cxrilSi mocemuli sarekomendacio awyobili sistemebis `receptebis wigns~, sadac damproeqteblisaTvis CamoTvlilia damcavi saSualebebi, romlebic saWiro koeficientebis miRwevis mizniT, SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos struqturul nawilebTan, iatakisa da saxuravis konstruqciasTan da kedlebTan. §721 damproeqtebels aZlevs uflebas, awyobili sistemebis cecxlgamZleoba gamoiTvalos sxvadasxva masalebis koeficientebis kombinirebis safuZvelze. ase ufro adgilia realuri saproeqto pirobebis dakmayofileba, vidre 720-e cxrilSi rigi awyobili konstruqciebis Zalian specifikuri CamonaTvalis gamoyenebiT. §703.3 daproeqtebuli cecxlgamZleobis gansasazRvrad, aseve, uSvebs ASTM E 119-is testebis safuZvelze sainJinro analizis Catarebas. Cveulebriv, es moiTxovs iseTi konsultantis CarTulobas, romelic icnobs ASTM E 119-is msgavsi saxanZro testidan miRebul eqstrapolarul monacemebs da srulmasStabiani saxanZro testis Catarebis gareSe (rac dazogavs drosa da xarjs) SeuZlia prognozireba imisa, rogor imuSavebs sistema.

me-7 TavSi ganxilulia sxvadasxva samSeneblo komponentebi da pirobebi maTi cecxlgamZleobis unaris fonze. da kvlav, rogorc sxva TavebSi, kodis nawilebi formulirebebisa da gamonaklisebis formiTaa warmodgenili. kodi isea organizebuli, rom gadavides Senobis eqsterieridan SenobaSi arsebul farTobebSi da Semdeg struqturaSi. awyobili sistemebis pirveli rigi SeiZleba CaiTvalos vertikalur an horizontalur sibrtyed, romelic mowyobilia struqturuli sistemis garSemo. es sibryeebi SeiZleba iyos mzidi kedlebi da struqturuli sistemis nawili, an aramzidi kedlebi da struqturisgan damoukidebeli interieris tixrebi. sxvadasxva urTierTdakavSirebuli pirobebi zemoqmedebs ganxiluli sistemebis cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebze. Riobebi (da maTi damcavebi), miwis nakveTze mdebareoba, erTmaneTis pirdapir mdebare eqsterieris kedlebis urTierTkavSiri (rogorc, mag., Sida ezoebSi), interieris sivrceebis gamijvna cecxlgamZle kedlebiT, vertikaluri cirkulacia, vertikaluri Riobebi, gasasvleli bilikebis dacva, kvamlgaumtari barierebi, Senobis momsaxure sistemebisaTvis gankuTvnili gamavali Riobebi, iatakis sistemebis mosazRvre aramzidi kedlis sistemebi da struqturuli sistemebis cecxlgamZle damcavebi – yvela unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli. Cven yvela maTganis moTxovnebs ganvixilavT kodSi warmodgenili TanmimdevrobiT.

§703.3 aseve aRiarebs Semowmebis meTodebs, romlebic mocemulia §104.11-Si da mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcems uflebas aZlevs, daamtkicos alternatiuli saSualebebis gamoyeneba axali teqnologiebis an uCveulo situaciebis dros ise, rom ar gadauxvios kodis moTxovnebs. am pirobis mixedviT, nebarTvis gamcemma unda moiTxovos awyobili konstruqciisaTvis SemoTavazebuli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis Semowmeba an konsultantis dadastureba, rom dauSvas alternatiuli cecxlgamZle sistemebi. damproeqtebelma unda waradginos damajerebeli mtkicebuleba raime formiT, rom nebarTvis gamcems saSualeba hqondes, daadginos SemoTavazebuli sistemis kodTan Sesabamisoba. §703.4 gansazRvaravs arawvadobas testis kriteriumebTan mimarTebaSi. maxasiaTeblebi, romlebic gansazRvravs arawvadobas, ar unda daziandes asakis (vargisianobis vadis gasvlis), tenis an atmosferuli pirobebis Sedegad. kodi aseve aRiarebs, rom wvadi da arawvadi masalebis garkveuli kombinaciebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos arawvadad, Tu isini akmayofileben testis kriteriumebs.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 73

eqsterieris kedlebi §704 ufro met sakiTxebs exeba, vidre saTauridan Cans - `eqsterieris kedlebi~. es nawili moicavs iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa: eqsterieris kedlebis kavSiri miwis nakveTis sazRvarTan, aseve, Riobebi da kedlebidan naSverebi. kedlis kriteriumebi, aseve, dakavSirebulia konstruqciis tipTan da gansazRvavs kedlis elementebis cecxlgamZleobas. es nawili unda wavikiTxoT §1406-Tan erTad, romelic aregulirebs eqsterieris kedlebis gare zedapirze gamoyenebuli wvadi masalebis gamoyenebas.

• miwis nakveTis realuri sazRvari an miwis nakveTis Sida warmosaxviTi sazRvari.

naSverebi §704.2 aregulirebs dasaSvebi naSverebis zomas, miwis nakveTTan maTi damokidebulebis mixedviT. naSverebis wvadoba regulirdeba kedlis konstruqciis tipiT (rac, rogorc vnaxeT, dakavSirebulia simaRleebTan, farTobebTan da gamoyenebis tipebTan). sadac Riobebi akrZalulia, an Riobis damcavi aucilebelia miwis nakveTze mdebareobis mixedviT, nebismieri wvadi naSveri unda iyos 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone konstruqcia, TviT koeficientis armqone SenobebSic ki. aseve dasaSvebia masiuri xis naSverebi an §1406.3-is Sesabamisi naSverebi.

• aucilebeli cecxlgamyofi manZili (L)

• §704.2 - is SezRudviT, naSverebi naklebad unda iyos gamoSverili, rogorc gansazRvrulia Semdegi ori meTodiT: 1.

• naSverebSi Sedis iseTi elementebi, rog-

orebicaa: gamoSverili lavgardanebi, karnizebi da aivnebi, romlebic vrceldeba iatakis farTobis miRma.

1/3

L maqsimaluri naSveri miwis nakveTis sazRvrisken, warmosaxviTi vertikaluri sibrtyis miRma, sadac daculi Riobebi aucilebelia 704.8 cxrilis Sesabamisad;

an

2.

305 mm maqsimaluri naSveri farTobze, sadac Riobebi akrZalulia. romeli naSveric ufro pataraa.

• aucilebeli ceclgamyofi manZili

• miwis nakveTis realuri an warmosaxviTi sazRvari

• 704.8 cxrilis Sesabamisi warmosaxviTi vertikaluri sibrtye

74 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

eqsterieris kedlebi ramodenime Senoba §704.3-is mixedviT, erT miwis nakveTze mdebare ramdenime SenobisaTvis naSveris moTxovnebis gansazRvris dros, warmosaxviTi sazRvari gadis Senobebs an elementebs Soris. kodSi ar aris gansazRvruli, rom warmosaxviTi sazRvari mdebareobs elementebs Soris manZilis SuaSi, amdenad, damproeqtebels Tavisuflad SeuZlia ganaTavsos miwis nakveTis warmosaxviTi sazRvari nebismier wertilSi gansaxilvel elementebs Soris, Tu daculia kedlis damcavis moTxovnebi miwis nakveTis warmosaxviT sazRvarTan daSorebis safuZvelze. §704.3-is mizania gamosxivebuli siTbos an konveqciis saSualebiT cecxlis gavrcelebis Tavidan acileba. am pirobebis zemoqmedeba SeiZleba Semcirdes manZiliT an kedlis da Riobis urTierTmimarTebiT, kerZod, miwis nakveTis warmosaxviTi sazRvris erT mxares masiuri kedlis, xolo mopirdapire mxares Riobebis ganTavsebiT.

90˚ 90˚

cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi §704.5 moiTxovs, rom cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi eqsterieris kedlebisaTvis, Seesabamebodes 601-e da 602-e cxrilebSi gansazRvruls. kodis miznidan gamomdinare (rac gulisxmobs erTi miwis nakveTidan meoreze cecxlis gavrcelebis Tavidan acilebas), rodesac eqsterieris kedeli miwis nakveTis sazRvridan daSorebulia 1524 mm-ze meti manZiliT, unda vivaraudoT, rom cecxlis zemoqmedeba momdinareobs Senobis Signidan. roca eqsterieris kedeli miwis nakveTis sazRvridan daSorebulia 1524 mm-iT an naklebi manZiliT, unda vivaraudoT, rom zemoqmedeba momdinareobs Senobis Signidan an garedan. aqedan gamomdinare, meore Senoba SeiZleba aigos miwis nakveTis sazRvarze momijnave miwis nakveTze gansazRvruli pirobebis dacviT.

•

cecxlgamyofi manZili izomeba Senobis fasadidan marTi kuTxiT.

•

erT miwis nakveTze mdebare ori an meti Senoba SeiZleba CaiTvalos calke Senobebad warmosaxviTi sazRvriT SuaSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom ar aris aucilebeli, TiToeuli Senobidan am warmosaxviT sazRvramde daSorebebi erTnairi (erTmaneTis toli) iyos. sazRvris mdebareobis yuradRebiT da wesebis Sesabamisad SerCeviT, erTmaneTTan SedarebiT axlos mdebare Senobebis rigis erT kedels SeiZleba hqondes daucveli Riobebi, Tu mopirdapire kedeli aris yru, ise, rogorc aucilebelia warmosaxviTi sazRvris axlos mdebareobis dros.

Tu Senobebi CaTvlilia erTi Senobis nawilebad, Senobebis gaerTianebuli farTobi unda Seesabamebodes §503.1.2Si gansazRvrul SezRudvebs. faqtobrivad, TiToeuli Senobisadmi arsebuli yvela moTxovna exeba orives.

•

mm 524 1 >

mm 524

•

§704.5 gansazRvravs, rom eqsterieris kedlebs, romelTa cecxlgamyofi manZili 1524 mm-ze metia, ganesazRvros koeficienti Sida mxridan cecxlis zemoqmedebisaTvis.

•

eqsterieris kedlebs, romelTa cecxlgamyofi manZili 1524 mm-ze naklebia, ganesazRvros koeficienti orive mxridan cecxlis zemoqmedebisaTvis.

≤1

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 75

eqsterieris kedlebi •

Riobebi marTalia, §704.7 Seicavs detalur gamoTvlebs (gantoleba 7-1) daculi Riobebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis gansasazRvrad, Cven yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT §704.8-Si da 704.8 cxrilSi mocemul ufro martiv gaangariSebebze. es miwis nakveTze mdebareobas ukavSirebs kedlis Riobebis procents da imas, daculia Tu ara Riobebi. eqsterieris kedlebis daculi fanjrebi unda akmayofilebdes §715-Si mocemul moTxovnebs Riobebis dacvasTan dakavSirebiT, rasac mogvianebiT ganvixilavT.

A/a + Au/au ≤ 1.0 sadac:

A = daculi Riobebis realuri farTobi an eqvivalenturi farTobi §704.7is Sesabamisad a = daculi Riobebis dasaSvebi farTobi 704.8 cxrilis Sesabamisad Au = daucveli Riobebis real. farT. au = daucveli Riobebis dasaSvebi

aRsaniSnavia, rom §704.12 moiTxovs §715.5is Sesabamis Riobis damcavebs. am nawilis gamonaklisi aseve uSvebs Riobis dacvis uzrunvelyofas eqsterieris daSvebuli wylis fardis saSxefebeli sistemiT, roca Senobas aseve aqvs interieris Cveulebrivi avtomaturi cecxlsawinaaRmdego sistema. cecxlisagan dacvis damatebiTma pasiurma an aqtiurma saSualebebma SeiZleba aseve SesaZlebeli gaxados Riobebis farTobis gazrda. magaliTad, cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemis uzrunvelyofa (pasiur saSualebebze aqtiuri sistemebis damateba) §704.8.1-is Sesabamisad, SenobebSi meti daucveli Riobis arsebobis SesZleblobas iZleva.

farTobi 704.8 cxrilis Sesabamisad

• H jgufisgan gansxvavebul jgufebSi, §704.8.2 uSvebs SeuzRudav daucvel Riobebs eqsterieris kedlebis pirvel iatakze, Tu eqsterieris kedlebi uyurebs sazogadoebriv quCas da cecxlgamyofi manZili aRemateba 4572 mm-s, an Tu isini uyurebs Ria sivrces, romlis sigane minimum 9144 mm-ia da aqvs misadgomi quCidan saxanZro zolamde.

• Tu momijnave sarTulebze Riobebi 1524 mm-iTaa erTmaneTisgan daSorebuli da yvelaze qvemoT mdebare Riobi ar aris daculi minimum ¾ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientiT, §704.9 moTxovniT, isini unda gaimijnos: • vertikalurad minimum 914 mm-iT minimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone awyobili sistemiT, • an alis gaumtari barieriT, romelic vrceldeba horizontalurad minimum 762 mm-ze eqsterieris kedlidan.

• es moTxovnebi ar exeba Senobebs, romelTa simaRle 3 sarTuli an naklebia, roca uzrunvelyofilia cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemebiT an Senoba warmoadgens Ria avtosadgom garaJebs.

Riobebis vertikaluri gamijvna §704.9 ufro zustad aregulirebs Riobebis erTmaneTTan vertikalur urTierTobebs, vidre wina samodelo kodebi. es moTxovnebi ar exeba Senobebs, romelTa simaRle sam sarTulze naklebia an sadac cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistema uzrunvelyofilia. aqac, aqtiuri sistemis uzrunvelyofa met Tavisuflebas gvaZlevs imis gansazRvrisas, gamoviyenoT Tu ara aseve pasiuri sistemebi.

•

vertikaluri zemoqmedeba erT miwis nakveTze mdebare ramdenime SenobisTvis, §704.10 moiTxovs dacul Riobebs nebismier kedelSi, romelic vrceldeba momijnave saxuravis maRla. aseT SemTxvevebSi, Riobebis dacvis sxvadasxva gzebi arsebobs: manZiliT, Riobis damcavebiT an saxuravis karkasisa da misi sayrdeni struqturis dacviT. principi erTia, erTi adgilidan meoreze cecxlis gavrcelebis SesaZleblobis Semcireba. zogierTi meTodiT, Senobebi gamijnuli unda iyos minimaluri manZiliT da Riobebs an Riobebis konstruqciis wina mxares unda hqondes cecxlisagan damcavi.

§704.8-Si mocemuli gantoleba 7-2 damproeqtebels saSualebas aZlevs, gansazRvros Riobebis dasaSvebi moculoba, daculi da daucveli Riobebis urTierTobidan gamomdinare, adgilisa da samSeneblo pirobebis mixedviT.

≥3

048 mm

§704.10 moiTxovs, rom Riobebs hqondes

minimum ¾ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone damcavebi, Tu:

miwis nakveTze mdebare momijnave • imave nagebobis saxuravidan maTi vertikaluri daSoreba 4572 mm-ze naklebia

• momijnave nagebobidan horizontalu-

rad daSorebulia 4572 mm cecxlgamyofi

manZilis sazRvrebSi.

• Riobis damcavebi saWiro ar aris, sadac • saxuravis sayrdeni 1 sT-iani cecxlgamZleobis mqone struqtura

76 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saxuravs aqvs minimum 1 saaTiani koeficienti minimum 3048 mm manZilisTvis da saxuravis sayrdeni struqturuli malebis mTliani sigrZis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti araumcires 1 saaTia.

eqsterieris kedlebi parapetebi §704.11 zogad acxadebs, rom parapetebi uzrunvelyofili unda iyos Senobis eqsterieris kedlebTan. parapetebis mizania erTi Senobidan meoreze cecxlis gavrcelebisaTvis xelis SeSla, cecxlisa da gamosxivebuli siTbos gadacemisaTvis barieris SeqmniT, Tu cecxli SeaRwevs saxuravis membranaSi.

• tipiuri parapetebi unda vrceldebodes minimum 762 mm-iT zemoT saxuravidan da unda iyos iseTive konstruqciis, rogoric maTi sayrdeni kedeli, magram, rogorc aRiniSna, arsebobs mravali gamonaklisi.

qvemoT mocemuli gamonaklisebi amcirebs an abaTilebs parapetebis saWiroebas, Tu romelime piroba daculia. gamonaklisebis CamonaTvali warmoadgens kodis kriteriumebs, romlebic upirispirdeba ufro zogad gancxadebas, romlis mixedviTac parapetebi yovelTvis saWiroa.

Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rom SeiZleba arsebobdes didi samSeneblo samuSaoebi, sadac parapetebi saWiro ar aris. SesaZlebelia gamonaklisSi aRniSnuli debulebebis ignorireba da parapetis ageba. gamonaklisebi, sadac parapetebi saWiro ar aris, SeiZleba Sejamdes Semdegnairad. parapetebi saWiro ar aris, sadac: 1. kedeli akmayofilebs cecxlgamyofi manZilis kriteriumebs, romlebic mocemulia 602-e cxrilSi. 2. Senobis nebismieri iatakis farTobi 93 m2-ze naklebia.

3. saxuravis konstruqcia mTlianad arawvadia an minimum 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciaa.

4. saxuravis karkasi daculia cecxlis zemoqmedebisgan Signidan, rogorc ilustrirebulia marjvniv.

5. sacxovrebel gamoyenebebSi, cecxlsawinaaRmdego bariers aqvs ficarfenili saxuravis karkasis qvemoT, an saxuravis ficarfenili arawvadi masalebisaa saxuravi/kedlis gadakveTidan 1219 mm-ze da mTeli Senobis saxuravis safari C an ukeTesi klasisaa.

6. §704.8 uSvebs, kedlis Riobebis 25% an meti daucveli iyos miwis nakveTis sazRvris mimarT Senobis mdebareobis gamo. eqsterieris kedlebis Riobebis cecxlisagan damcavebi, garda fanjrebisa da karebebisa, unda CaiTvalos daproeqtebis nawilad. temperaturuli da seismo gadabmebi, kedlisa da iatakis gadakveTebi, arxebi, Jaluzebi da msgavsi haergadamcemi Riobebi unda akmayofilebdes am TavSi mogvianebiT ganxiluli nawilebis detalur moTxovnebs.

• Riobebi

min. 1524 mm

dauSvebelia cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone eqsterieris kedlebSi R da M jgufebSi 1524 mm sazRvrebSi; sxva gamoyenebebisTvis aucilebelia 3048 mm gamijvna.

• saxuravis safari unda iyos minimum B klasis.

• eqsterieris kedlis paraleluri 1 •

1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone eqsterieris kedeli

kedlis paraleluri saxuravi/Weris karkasi

saaTiani koeficientis mqone saxuravi/ Weris karkasi • 1219 mm minimum R da M jgufebis gamoyenebebisTvis; 3048 mm sxva gamoyenebebisTvis.

• roca ar aris eqsterieris kedlebis paraleluri, saxuravi/Weris karkasis mTeli mali unda iyos araumcires 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia

• 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone eqsterieris kedeli saxuravi/Weris karkasi, romelic ar aris kedlis paraleluri

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 77

medegoba cecxlsa da kvamlze interieris kedelTan arsebuli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciis proporciuli magaliTebi mxolod sailustraciod. saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebSi ar gamoiyeneba am cecxlgamZle barierebis yvela tipi, Tumca naCvenebia Sesadareblad. is barierebi, romlebic ar gamoiyeneba E an B jgufis gamoyenebebSi, aRniSnulia. cecxl/kvaml medegobis gazrda cecxlgamZle kedeli §705

• uwyveti fundamentidan saxuravamde • qmnis calkeul Senobebs

cecxlgamZle baerieri §706

• gamoyenebis gamijvna • gasasvlelis SemomzRudavi

cecxlgamZle tixari §708

•

sivrcis 1 sT-iani gammijnavebi

•

1 sT-iani derefnebi

kvamlgaumtari barierebi §709 (mxolod I-2 da I-3 gamoyenebebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli)

•

1 sT-iani horizontaluri/vertikaluri

kvamlgaumtari tixrebi §710 (mxolod I-2 derefani, §407.3)

• •

kvamlis safari - tipiuri uwyveti iatakidan Weramde an iatakidan kvamlmedeg Weramde

•

cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti ar aqvs

gviCvenebs cecxlmedegobasa da kvamlmedegobas

gviCvenebs mxolod kvamlmedegobas

78 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

cecxlgamZle kedlebi • §705.1-is mixedviT, Senobis TiToeuli

§702 gansazRvravs cecxlgamZle kedels, rogorc cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone kedels, romlis daniSnulebaa cecxlis gavrcelebis SezRudva. am funqciis Sesasruleblad, cecxlgamZle kedeli uwyvetad unda vrceldebodes Senobis fundamentidan saxuravSi da iyos sakmarisad mdgradi, rom gauZlos Camoqcevas romelime mxares arsebuli konstruqciis Camoqcevis SemTxvevaSi.

nawili unda gaimijnos erTi an meti cecxlgamZle kedliT, rom iyos calke Senoba.

• cecxlgamZle kedeli. Tu mdebareobs miwis nakveTis sazRvarze da asrulebs saziaro kedlis rols, cecxlgamZle kedels ar SeiZleba hqondes Riobebi.

struqturuli mdgradoba §705.2 moiTxovs, rom cecxlgamZle kedlebi iseTi struqturuli konfiguraciisa iyos, rom orive mxares arsebuli struqturebis Camoqcevis SemTxvevaSi, kedeli adgilze unda darCes cecxlgamZleobis koeficientiT gansazRvruli drois manZilze.

masalebi §705.3 moTxovniT, cecxlgamZle kedlebi unda aigos arawvadi masalebiT, V tipis konstruqciis garda.

cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi §705.4-is mixedviT, cecxlgamZle kedlebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi gamomdinareobs gamoyenebidan. saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebisTvis, cecxlgamZle kedlebs, 705.4 cxrilis mixedviT, Cveulebriv, unda hqondes 3 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi. sadac gansxvavebuli gamoyenebebi an jgufebi gamijnulia cecxlgamZle kedliT, gammijnavis koeficientTan mimarTebaSi gamoiyeneba ufro mkacri moTxovnebi.

• §705.5 moiTxovs, rom cecxlgamZle ked-

horizontaluri uwyvetoba §705.5 gansazRvravs, rom cecxlgamZle kedlebi uwyveti iyos horizontalurad eqsterieris kedlidan eqsterieris kedlamde da gavrceldes minimum 457 mm-ze eqsterieris kedlebis gare zedapiris miRma.

1220 mm

•

1220 mm

•

gegmis xedi

•

•

lebi gavrceldes eqsterieris kedlebis gare zedapiridan 457 mm-iT. arsebobs am moTxovnis gamonaklisebi, romlebic emyareba eqsterieris kedlis damatebiT cecxlgamZle konstruqciasTan dakavSirebuldebulebebs,romlissaSualebiTac iqmneba siTbosa da alis gavrcelebis sawinaaRmdego barieri. cecxlgamZle kedeli SeiZleba dasruldes eqsterieris ficarfenilis, gare safaris an mopirkeTebis Sida zedapirTan, Tu cecxlgamZle damcavi `T ~-is formisaa da vrceldeba cecxlgamZle kedlis orive mxares horizontalurad 1220 mm manZilze. cecxlgamZle damcavi SeiZleba warmoadgendes eqsterieris konstruqcias, romlis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti minimum 1 saaTia, an eqsterieris arawvad ficarfenils, gare safars an sxva mopirkeTebas. §705.5 -is daSvebiT, cecxlgamZle kedeli SeiZleba dasruldes eqsterieris arawvadi ficarfenilis Sida zedapirTan, Tu Senoba cecxlgamZle kedlis yvela mxaresdaculiaavtomaturisaSxefebeli sistemiT. aRsaniSnavia, rom eqsterieris kedlisa da cecxlgamZle kedlebis gadakveTis adgilebs, romlebic qmnian 180 an met gradusian kuTxes, ar sWirdebaT cecxlisgan damcavi.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 79

cecxlgamZle kedlebi

• §705.5.2 moiTxovs, rom cecxlgamZle kedlebi gavrceldes horizontaluri naSveris gare kidemde, rogorebicaa, saxuravis gadmonaSverebi da aivnebi, romlebic cecxlgamZle kedlidan 1220 mm-is sazRvrebSia.

• am moTxovnas aqvs sami gamonaklisi: 1. cecxlgamZle kedlebis gagrZeleba saWiro ar aris, roca horizontaluri naSveris elementebs ar aqvs damaluli sivrceebi.

• Tumca, aseTi horizontaluri naSvere-

d

d

kveTis/Wrilis xedi

gegmis xedi damaluli sivrceebis gareSe

d

d

d = naSveris siRrme

gegmis xedi damaluli sivrcebiT d = naSveris siRrme

80 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

bis ukan da qvemoT eqsterieris kedlebi unda iyos minimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone konstruqcia cecxlgamZle kedlis yvela mxares araumcires naSveris siRrmeze. amasTan, cecxlgamZle eqsterieris kedlis nebismieri Riobis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda iyos minimum ¾ saaTi. 2. Tu arawvad horizontalur naSverebs aqvs damaluli sivrceebi, minimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone kedeli unda gavrceldes damalul sivrceebSi. • rogorc zemoT mocemul pirvel SemTxvevaSi, naSveri aseve unda gaimijnos Senobisgan minimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT cecxlgamZle kedlis orive mxares araumcires naSveris siRrmeze. amasTan, cecxlgamZle eqsterieris kedlis nebismieri Riobis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda iyos minimum ¾ saaTi. 3. Tu wvad horizontalur naSverebs aqvs damaluli sivrceebi, cecxlgamZle kedeli damaluli sivrceebis gavliT unda gavrceldes naSverebis gare kideebamde.

• da kvlav, eqsterieris kedeli naSverebis ukan da qvemoT unda iyos minimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone konstruqcia cecxlgamZle kedlis yvela mxares araumcires naSveris siRrmeze. amasTan, cecxlgamZle eqsterieris kedlis nebismieri Riobis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda iyos minimum ¾ saaTi.

cecxlgamZle kedlebi vertikaluri uwyvetoba §705.6 moiTxovs, rom cecxlgamZle kedlebi uwyveti iyos vertikalurad Senobis fundamentidan momijnave saxuravebis zemoT minimum 762 mm-ze mdebare wertilamde.

• cecxlgamZle kedelSi nebadarTuli ar aris horizontaluri naSverebi.

• aRsaniSnavia, rom §509.2-is Sesabamisi avtosadgomi garaJis Tavze mdebare Senobis cecxlgamZle kedeli vrceldeba horizontaluri gammijnavidan avtosadgom garaJsa da mis zemoT mdebare Senobas Soris.

igive principebi gamoiyeneba cecxlsawinaaRmdego barieris cecxlgamZle kedlis perpendikularulad ganTavsebisaTvis, sadac cecxlgamZle kedlebi saxuravis konstruqcias xvdeba. saxuravis konstruqcia unda iyos arawvadi, cecxlgamZlebisaTvis damuSavebuli xis masalis an cecxlgamZle masalebi gamoyenebuli unda iyos Sida mxridan saxuravis karkasis dasacavad. daproeqtebis miznebisaTvis, saukeTesoa, Tu saxuravis konstruqciis cecxlisgan damcavi gavrceldeba cecxlgamZle kedlis yvela mxares minimum 1220 mm-ze, sadac karkasi cecxlgamZle kedlis paraleluria da malis mTel sigrZeze, roca karkasi cecxlgamZle kedlis perpendikularulia.

saxuravis zemoT 762 mm-mde gagrZelebul cecxlgamZle kedelTan dakavSirebuli gamonaklisebi:

• araumcires B klasis saxuravis safari • cecxlgamZle kedlis paraleluri sa-

1220 mm

kveTi

xuravis karkass unda hqondes araumcires 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, cecxlgamZle kedlidan 1220 mm-is sazRvrebSi. • saxuravis karkasi unda eyrdnobodes mzid kedlebs an svetebs da koWebs, romelTac aseve 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti aqvs.

• cecxlgamZle kedlidan 1220 mm sazRvrebSi dauSvebelia Riobebi.

• 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis kedeli • araumcires B klasis saxuravis safari • saxuravis arawvadi ficarfenili, fenili an fila

• cecxlgamZle kedlis perpendikularuli saxuravis karkasis mTel mals unda hqondes 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti.

• cecxlgamZle kedlidan 1220 mm sazRvrebSi dauSvebelia Riobebi.

kveTi

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 81

cecxlgamZle kedlebi gamavali Riobebi da gadabmebi Riobebs, gamaval arxebsa da gadabmebs aucileblad unda hqondes cecxlisgan damcavi me-7 Tavis momdevno nawilebis Sesabamisad. §705.11-is mixedviT, arxebi ar unda gadiodes miwis nakveTis sazRvrebze mdebare cecxlgamZle kedlebSi. gamonaklisebi uSvebs arxebs cecxlgamZle kedlebTan, romlebic ar mdebareoben miwis nakveTis sazRvrebTan, sadac cecxlgamZle awyobili konstruqciebi, §712 da 716-is Sesabamisad, icavs arxis gamaval Riobebs da Riobebis gaerTianebuli farTobi ar aRemateba §705.8-Si daSvebuls.

safexurovani saxuravebi

• eqsterieris kedeli araumcires 1 saa-

Tiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciaa yvelaze dabali saxuravidan 4572 mm simaRlemde.

• am kedlis sazRvrebSi, yvela RiobSi aucilebelia ¾ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone awyobili sistemebi.

safexurovani saxuravebi

• cecxlgamZle kedeli SeiZleba dasrul-

roca cecxlgamZle kedeli aris Senobis eqsterieris kedeli da mijnavs gansxvavebul doneebiani saxuravebis mqone Senobebs, §705.6.1-is kriteriumebi gamoiyeneba yvelaze dabal saxuravTan.

des yvelaze dabali saxuravis ficarfenilis, fenilis an filis qveda zedapirTan, Tu yvelaze dabali awyobili saxuravis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti araumcires 1 saaTia cecxlgamZle kedlidan 3048 mm-is sazRvrebSi.

• cecxlgamZle kedlis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda gavrceldes yvelaze dabali saxuravidan maRla 762 mm-ze.

wvadi karkasi

• sadac wvadi karkasi emyareba betonis an qvis wyobis cecxlgamZle kedlebs, §705.7-is moTxovniT, karkasis nawilebis gasamijnad, nawilebis boloebs Soris unda darCes minimum 102 mm manZili. aman SeiZleba moiTxovos mzidi zedapiris gazrda imisaTvis, rom aucilebeli gamijvnis gaswvriv karkasisaTvis Seiqmnas adeqvaturi sayrdeni.

• yvela carieli sivrce unda amoivsos arawvadi cecxldamblokveli masaliT struqturuli nawilebis zemoT, qvemoT da Soris araumcires 102 mm-ze.

Riobebi

b a L a + b ≤ 0.25 sigrZe

• cecxlgamZle kedlebSi Riobebi daSvebulia, Tumca §705.8-is Sesabamisad TiTo Riobis farTobi izRudeba 11 m2-mde. es SeiZleba gaizardos, Tu Senobebi cecxlgamZle kedlis orive mxares aRWurvilia avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT.

• Riobebis gaerTianebuli sigane ar unda aRematebodes cecxlgamZle kedlis sigrZis 25%-s.

• Riobebi dauSvebelia saziaro kedlebSi, romlebic agebulia §705.1.1-is Sesabamisad

82 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi cecxlgamZle kedlebis msgavsia, Tumca ufro martivi kriteriumebi aqvs. isini gamoiyeneba vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebis gasasvlelis sxva komponentebisgan gasamijnad, sxvadasxva gamoyenebebis gasamijnad an erTi gamoyenebis cecxlisgan dacul sxvadasxva farTobebad dasayofad. gasasvleli saSualebebis damcavebSi gamoyenebul barierebs koeficienti eniWeba me-10 Tavis Sesabamisi nawilebis mixedviT. gamoyenebis gammijnavis koeficientebi mocemulia 508.3.3 cxrilSi. cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi cecxlisagan dacul farTobebs Soris unda Seesabamebodes 706.3.9 cxrils.

• cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi mijnavs vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebs gasasvlelis sxva komponentebisgan, sxvadasxva gamoyenebebs

an erT gamoyenebas yofs cecxlisagan dacul sxvadasxva farTobebad.

• cecxlsawinaaRmdego

baerierebSi dasaSvebia cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gamWvirvale masalis gamoyeneba, magram is unda iyos Semowmedebuli da registrirebuli.

aRsaniSnavia, rom Senobis gareTa mxares

• mdebare kedlebs koeficientis mqone SemomzRudavebTan SeiZleba gansxvavebuli koeficienti hqondes, vidre kedlebs, romlebic Senobis interiers uyurebs. eqsterieris kedlis koeficientebi ganisazRveba eqsterieris kriteriumebiT §704-is Sesabamisad, §715. da §1021.4-is Riobis damcavebisadmi moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT. • cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi uwyveti unda iyos iatakebis doneebs Soris da vrceldebodes mosazRvre interieris an eqsterieris kedlebamde imisaTvis, rom barierebma xeli SeuSalos kvamlis an cecxlis gavrcelebas koeficientiT gansazRvruli drois periodSi. gamavali Riobebi da Riobebi daSvebulia, Tumca isini daculi unda iyos barieris mTlianobis SenarCunebis mizniT. • cecxlsawinaaRmdego barieri unda vrceldebodes qvemoT mdebare awyobili iatakis zeda nawilidan zeda iatakis an saxuravis fenilis an zemoT mdebare filis qveda mxaremde.

• cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi uwyveti unda iyos Weris damalul sivrceebSi.

• sayrden iataks unda hqondes iseTive koeficienti, rogoric cecxlsawinaaRmdego bariers, romelic mas eyrdnoba.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 83

Saxtisa da vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi Saxtis SemomzRudavebi gansxvavdeba cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebisgan imiT, rom isini, Cveulebriv, SemozRudaven Saxtebs, romlebic vrceldeba ramdenime iatakSi. Saxtebi xSirad igeba iseTive masalebiT, romliTac cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi, magram Saxtebisa da vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebisaTvis aucilebeli koeficientebi, Cveulebriv, ganisazRvreba im iatakebis raodenobiT, romelTac isini kveTen. §707.2 zogadad ambobs, rom yvela Riobi, romelic kveTs iataki/Weris an saxuravi/Weris awyobil sistemebs, daculi unda iyos. Saxtebi unda iyos 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia, Tu vrceldeba oTx an met sarTulSi da sxva SemTxvevaSi, 1 saaTiani. Saxtebis koeficientebi toli unda iyos awyobili iatakebis koeficientebisa, magram ar unda iyos 2 saaTze meti. §707.2 -Si gansazRvrulia ZiriTadi moTxovna Saxtis damcavis mimarT, romelsac moyveba gamonaklisebis grZeli nusxa. es gamonaklisebi yuradRebiT unda wavikiTxoT, gansakuTrebiT, Ria kibeebis, liftebisa da Ria liftebis daproeqtebis dros. gamonaklisebi efuZvneba Riobis zomas, romelsac SeiZleba sWirdebodes SemomzRudavi, mis gamoyenebasa da sivrcis gamoyenebas an sargeblobas. §707.2-is gamonaklisebi: 1. Riobebi sacxovrebel erTeulebSi, romlebic vrceldeba oTxze nakleb sarTulSi, ar saWiroebs SemozRudvas.

3. milebis, sahaeroebis an sadenebisaTvis gankuTvnili gamavali Riobebi, dacul iatakTan an WerTan §712.4-is Sesabamisad, ar saWiroebs dacvas.

4. arxebi, romlebic daculia §712.4-is Sesabamisad, ar saWiroebs dacvas mTel gamWol RiobSi. 6. sakvamurebi ar unda iyos SaxtaSi, magram damaluli sivrceebi daculi unda iyos cecxldamblokveliT. 8. avtosadgom garaJebSi avtomobilebisaTvis gankuTvnili pandusebi SeiZleba iyos Ria, roca daculia §406.3 da 406.4-is kriteriumebi Ria da SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJebisavis.

10. gagrZeleba an iatakisa da kedlis sxva gadabmebi ar saWiroebs SemozRudvas, magram isini daculi unda iyos §713is Sesabamisad iseve, rogorc msgavsi gamavali Riobebi.

11. Saxtis SemomzRudavebi ar sWirdeba kibeebs an pandusebs, romlebic Seesabameba §1020.1-is me-8 an me-9 gamonaklisebs.

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SemomzRudavebi unda iyos • Saxtis uwyveti qvemoT mdebare awyobili iatakis zeda nawilidan zemoT mdebare iatakis an saxuravis fenilis an filis qveda mxaremde, maT Soris damalul sivrceebSi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, Sekiduli Werebis Tavze.

• vertikalur sivrceebs Saxtis SemomzRudavebis sazRvrebSi unda hqondes cecxldamblokveli TiToeuli iatakis donesTan.

• Semdeg gverdze mocemulia, rogor unda SemoizRudos im Saxtebis zeda da qveda nawilebi, romlebic ar vrceldeba Senobis an nagebobis Tavamde an Ziramde. §707.2-is gamonaklisebi: 2. eskalatorebi da kibeebi, romlebic ar gamoiyeneba gasasvlel saSualebebad, ar saWiroebs SemozRudvas mTlianad saSxefebeli sistemebiT uzrunvelyofil SenobebSi, roca iatakis Riobis garSemo damontaJebulia kvamlis damblokveli farda da axlo-axlo mdebare saSxefeblebi. es gamonaklisi exeba oTx an nakleb sarTuls, B da M gamoyenebebis garda, sadac ar arsebobs SezRudva arcerTi SemTxvevisTvis. Riobis gabariti ar SeiZleba iyos eskalatorebis an kibeebis zomaze orjer meti.

Tu yvela Riobian donesTan damontaJebulia 1½ saaTiani koeficientis mqone deniT marTvadi darabebi, ar izRudeba gadakveTili iatakebis raodenoba, romelTac SeiZleba qondeT gamavali Riobebi.

5. iatakis Riobebs SenobebSi, romlebic §404-is mixedviT iTvleba atriumebad, ar sWirdeba Saxtis damcavi, Tumca daculi unda iyos cecxlisgan dacvasTan da/an kvamlis kontrolTan dakavSirebuli bevri sxva kriteriumi, romlebic gansazRvrulia am tipis gamoyenebebisaTvis.

7. Riobebi, romlebic ar aerTebs orze met sarTuls da romlebic ar aris gasasvleli saSualebebis nawili, SeiZleba iyos Ria I-2 an I-3 gamoyenebebisgan gansxvavebul gamoyenebebSi, TviT iseT SenobebSic, romlebic ar aris aRWurvili cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemiT. gamonaklisis formulirebidan gamomdinare, cxadi xdeba, rom gamonaklisi exeba Senobas, romelic gamonaklisSi gansazRvrul yvela kriteriums akmayofilebs.

9. antresolebisa da maT qvemoT mdebare iatakebis SemaerTebeli Riobebi ar saWiroebs SemozRudvas.

Saxtisa da vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi kodi moiTxovs, rom Saxtebi ar iqnas gamoyenebuli mravali daniSnulebiT. Saxtis kedlebSi SeiZleba gadiodes mxolod SaxtisaTvis saWiro gamavali Riobebi. magaliTad, gamoyenebuli sivrceebis momsaxure arxebi ar unda gadiodes vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebSi, magram SemomzRudavSi SeiZleba gadiodes haerSemomtani arxebi, Tu SemomzRudavis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti SenarCunebulia gamavali Riobebis damcavisadmi gansazRvruli moTxovnebis Sesrulebis saSualebiT.

• Saxtis uwyvetobisa da koeficientebis mimarT moTxovnebi eqsterieris kedlebTan msgavsia cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebis Sesabamisi moTxovnebisa. eqsterieris kedlebi, romlebic gamoyenebulia Saxtis SemomzRudavad, unda akmayofilebdes §704-is moTxovnebs.

• Saxta unda iyos mTlianad Caketili.

•

•

•

• aRsaniSnavia, rom aseT pirobebSi, im adgilebSi, sadac arxebi Sedis an gamodis SaxtebSi, aucilebelia cecxlis safarebi. Saxtebis mTlianoba unda SenarCundes uwyvetad Saxtis yvela zedapiris garSemo.

•

amdenad, Saxta, romelic mTlianad ar vrceldeba qvemoT arsebul iatakamde an zemoT arsebul iatakamde an saxuravamde, SemozRuduli unda iyos TavSi da ZirSi. Saxtis Riobebs koeficientebi eniWeba §715-is moTxovnebis Sesabamisad. Riobebis damcavebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebisaTvis arsebuli specifikuri moTxovnebi mocemulia 715.4 cxrilSi. Saxtebi SeiZleba SemoizRudos TavSi an ZirSi konstruqciiT, romelsac iseTive cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti aqvs, rogoric bolo gadakveTil iataks, magram es koeficienti ar unda iyos SaxtisaTvis aucilebel koeficientze naklebi. es SemomzRudavebi unda Seesabamebodes Saxtis kedlis cecxlgamZleobis koeficients. damproeqtebeli yuradRebiT unda iyos aseTi SemTxvevebisadmi, radgan awyobili sistemebi erTnairi intensivobis cecxlze sxvdasxvagvarad reagireben Semowmebis dros, rac damokidebulia maT orientaciaze siTbos nakadis mimarT. SesaZloa, vertikalurad Semowmebuli awyobili kedlis horizontalurad damontaJebis SemTxvevaSi, ver miviRoT eqvivalenturi koeficientebi. kodi moiTxovs Tanabar koeficientebs horizontaluri da vertikaluri orientaciiT ganlagebisas Semowmebis dros.

Saxtebi SeiZleba, aseve, dasruldes oTaxSi, romelic Saxtis funqcionirebasTanaa dakavSirebuli, Tu oTaxi SemozRudulia iseTive cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT, rogoriTac Saxtis SemomzRudavi.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 85

Saxtisa da vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi §707.13 exeba nagavsayrel da samrecxaos arxebs. kodi aRiarebs, rom es Saxtebi SeiZleba akavSirebdes Senobis bevr iataks. moicavs moTxovnebs Saxtis mosawyobad da aseve moTxovnebs nagavsayreli da samrecxaos arxebis gasamijnad danarCeni Senobisgan 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone misadgomi oTaxebiT yovel iatakze da 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone terminaluri oTaxebiT Saxtis ZirSi. am Saxtebs aseve sWirdeba cecxlisgan aqtiuri damcavi, §903.2.10.2-is Sesabamisad.

• nagavsayreli da samrecxaos arxebi unda gaimijnos danarCeni Senobisgan 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone misadgomi oTaxebiT TiToeuli iatakis doneze.

• §903.2.10.2 moiTxovs avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemis dayenebas milis TavSi, terminalur oTaxebSi da yovel meore iatakze, roca mili kveTs sam an met iataks.

§707.14 moiTxovs, rom liftis Saxtebi aigos sxva Saxtebis msgavsad. am nawilSi mocemulia damatebiTi moTxovnebi liftis foieebisaTvis, sadac liftis Saxtis SemomzRudavi aerTebs samze met sarTuls. foieebi unda aigos, rogorc sxva cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi, daculi RiobebiTa da gasasvleli saSualebebiT. liftis foiesTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis gamonaklisebia: 1. roca Senobis foies doneze uzrunvelyofilia saSxefebeli sistemebi, quCis doneze arsebuli foie SeiZleba iyos Ria da ar hqondes liftis foies SemomzRudavebi.

2. sadac Saxtebi saWiro ar aris §707.2is Sesabamisad. rogorc aRvniSneT, es gamonaklisebi modificirebulia imgvarad, rom gamoiricxos maTi gamoyeneba garkveul pirobebSi jandacvisaTvis arsebul gamoyenebebSi. 3. foieebi SeiZleba Secvalos karebebma, romlebic SemozRudavs liftis Saxtas da gmanavs mas imgvarad, rom SaxtaSi ver SeaRwios kvamlma da cecxlma, Tu amgvari karebebi Seesabameba §3002.6-s.

4. mTlianad saSxefebeli sistemebiT aRWurvil SenobebSi, romlebic ar aris I-3 gamoyenebebi da SenobebSi, sadac gamoyenebuli iatakebi saxanZro samsaxuris misadgomi yvelaze dabali donidan 22 860 mm-iT dablaa (mag., ara maRlivi), foieebi saWiro ar aris.

5. kvamlgaumtari tixrebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas cecxlgamZle tixrebis nacvlad, sadac Senoba mTlianad aRWurvilia saSxefebeli sistemebiT (arsebobs nakeTobebis CamonaTvali, romlebic unda akmayofilebdes am kriteriumebs).

6. foieebi saWiro ar aris, sadac liftis SaxtaSi iqmneba wneva §707.14.2-is Sesabamisad.

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• §707.14.1-is mixedviT, liftis foieebi aucilebelia, sadac liftis Saxtis SemomzRudavi aerTebs samze met sarTuls.

• derefani • §707.14.1-is mixedviT, foie mijnavs liftis Saxtis SemomzRudavis karebebs TiToeuli iatakisgan cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebisa da Riobis damcavebis saSualebiT, romelTa cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti tolia derefnis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientisa. foieebs unda hqondes minimum erTi gasasvleli saSualeba, me-10 Tavis Sesabamisad.

cecxlgamZle tixrebi cecxlgamZle tixrebi cecxlmedegi kedlis konstruqciis Semdgomi donea cecxlgamZle kedlebisa da cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebis qvemoT. maT, Cveulebriv, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti aqvT da umTavresad gamoiyenebian sacxovrebeli erTeulebisa da sastumro oTaxebis gasamijnad I-1, R-1 da R-2 gamoyenebebSi; §402.7.2-is mixedviT, gadaxurul molebSi saijaro farTobebis gasamijnad da §1017.1-is mixedviT, derefnebis gasamijnad. zogierTi derefani ar saWiroebs cecxlgamZleobis koeficients 1017.1 cxrilSi gansazRvrul zogierT specifikur SemTxvevaSi. arsebobs aseve gamonaklisi, romelic uSvebs minimum ½ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis konstruqciis cecxlgamZle tixrebs IIB, IIIB an VB tipis konstruqciis sacxovrebel da saZinebel erTeulebSi, sadac aris avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi. cecxlgamZle tixrebs iseTive urTierToba aqvs eqsterieris kedlebTan, rogoric cecxlgamZle kedlebsa da cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebs. maT aseve iseTive moTxovnebi aqvT gamavali Riobebis, Riobebisa da arxebis sistemebisaTvis, rogoric tixris tipebis sxva jgufebs. damproeqteblisaTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani gamonaklisebi mocemulia §708.4-Si da exeba tixrebis zomasa da uwyvetobas. tixrebi unda vrceldebodes zemoT da qvemoT mdebare struqturamde, marjvniv CamoTvlili gamonaklisi SemTxvevebis garda.

1. roca iatakis koeficienti 1 saaTia, ar aris saWiro, tixari vrceldebodes qvemoT mdebare gamouyenebel fuZis sarTulSi.

• gamouyenebeli fuZis sarTuli

2. roca oTaxis mxares mdebare derefnis cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone membrana vrceldeba zemoT mdebare cecxlgamZle iatakamde an Weramde, derefnis Weri SeiZleba daculi iyos, rogorc 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone awyobili iataki/Weri.

3. roca kedlebi da Weri qmnis gvirabs, ar aris aucilebeli, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientiani kedeli vrceldebodes koeficientis mqone awyobili Weris zeda nawilamde.

5. cecxlgamZle tixari, romelic mijnavs sacxovrebel erTeulebs R-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, saWiro ar aris gavrceldes sxvenSi, Tu sxvenSi aris cecxlis gavrcelebis SesaCerebeli yovel 279 m2-ze an yovel or erTeulSi (romelic ufro patara iqneba).

6. Tu wvadi iataki/Weris an saxuravi/ Weris sivrceebSi aris saSxebeblebi, saWiro aRar aris cecxldamblokveli an cecxlis gavrcelebis SesaCerebeli.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 87

kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebi da kvamlgaumtari tixrebi kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebi da kvamlgaumtari tixrebi §709 da 710 ganixilavs kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebs, rogorc cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebs, magram ZiriTadad koncentrirebulia kvamlis migraciis SezRudvaze. kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebs unda hqondes 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, maT Riobebis damcavebs ki 20 wuTiani koeficienti. kvamlgaumtari tixrebi unda zRudavdes kvamlis gadaadgilebas, magram ar sWirdeba cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti.

kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebi

• kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebi uwyveti unda iyos kedlis kididan kidemde da fundamentis Tavidan an qvemoT mdebare iatakidan zemoT mdebare iatakis qveda mxaremde an saxuravis ficarfenilamde. uwyvetoba unda SenarCundes mTlianad damalul sivrceebSi, magaliTad, rogoric gvxvdeba Sekiduli Werebis zemoT.

• IIB, IIIB an VB-gan gansxvavebul konstruqciebSi, kvamlsawinaaRmdego barieris sayrdeni konstruqcia daculi unda iyos iseTive koeficientiT, rogoriTac kedlebi an iatakebi.

• cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gamWvirvale masalebi

• §709.4-is gamonaklisi uSvebs kvamlsawinaaRmdego barieris gamotovebas Sualedur sivrceebSi, roca sivrceebi daculia WerebiT, romlebic kvamlsawinaaRmdego barieris adeqvaturad zRudavs cecxlisa da kvamlis gadaadgilebas.

• TviTdamxuravi • SezRuduli zomis gamWvirvale masala

• saketi

• dasaxvevi darabi

• kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebis Riobebi daculi unda iyos §715-is Sesabamisad.

kvamlisgan daculi erTi ganyofileba

•

foladis arxi

•

kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebi kvamlisgan dacul ganyofilebaSi

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• arxebi da haergadamcemi Riobebi,

romlebic gadis kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierSi, unda Seesabamebodes §716-s. §716.5.5-is mixedviT, kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierSi gamaval Riobebs, Cveulebriv, unda hqondes kvamlis safari, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca Riobebi arxebSi SezRudulia erT kvamlisgan dacul ganyofilebamde da arxebi foladisganaa damzadebuli.

• sadac arxebi kveTs kvamlisgan daculi ganyofilebis sazRvars, kvamlis safari aucilebelia.

kvamlgaumtari tixrebi kvamlgaumtari tixrebi

• kvamlgaumtari tixrebi unda Seesabamebodes SenobaSi daSvebul konstruqcias. maT ar sWirdeba cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti.

=

• kvamlgaumtari tixrebi uwyveti unda iyos fundamentis Tavidan an qvemoT mdebare iatakidan zemoT mdebare iatakis qveda mxaremde an zemoT mdebare saxuravis ficarfenilamde. isini SeiZleba Sewydes Weris membranasTan, Tu is agebulia imgvarad, rom SezRudos kvamlis gadaadgileba.

• kvamlgaumtari tixrebis fanjrebi unda iyos dagmanuli an avtomaturad unda ixurebodes kvamlis aRmoCenisTanave.

• karebebi

kvamlgaumtar tixrebSi TavisiT an avtomaturad unda ixurebodes. maT SeiZleba ar hqondes Jaluzebi da unda zRudavdes kvamlis gasvlas, §710.5.2-Si gansazRvruli SezRudvebis mixedviT.

• gamavali Riobebi, gadabmebi, arxebis sistema an haergamtari Riobebi unda Seivsos daSvebuli masaliT, rom SeizRudos kvamlis Tavisufali gadaadgileba.

• haergamtar Riobebs kvamlgaumtar tixrebSi unda hqondes kvamlis safarebi, Tu aseTi safarebi xels ar SeuSlis kvamlis kontrolis aucilebeli sistemis muSaobas.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 89

horizontaluri awyobili sistemebi horizontaluri awyobili sistemebi §711-is gansazRvrebiT, horizontaluri awyobili sistemebia iataki/Weris awyobili sistemebi da saxuravi/Weris awyobili sistemebi, romelTac sWirdeba cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti. maTTvis saWiro cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti ganisazRvreba maTi gamoyenebis safuZvelze. umTavresad, koeficienti ganisazRvreba konstruqciis tipis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis safuZvelze, romelic mocemulia 601-e cxrilSi. gamoyenebebis gamijvnis dros, horizontaluri awyobili sistemis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti aseve unda Seesabamebodes 508.3.3 cxrilis moTxovnebs. cecxlisagan dacul farTobebze gamoiyeneba 706.3.9 cxrilSi mocemuli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi, §901.7is Sesabamisad. horizontaluri awyobili sistemebis gamavali Riobebis kriteriumebi ufro mkacria, vidre vertikaluri awyobili sistemebisa, vinaidan kvamlisa da gazebis vertikaluri gadaadgileba Senobis iatakebs Soris ufro problematuria, vinaidan mas xels uwyobs bunebrivi konveqturi Zalebi.

• horizontaluri awyobili sisteI gamoyeneba

E gamoyeneba

•

gamoyenebis 1 sT-iani gammijnavi

B gamoyeneba cecxlisgan daculi farTobi 1 E gamoyeneba cecxlisgan daculi farTobi 2

• 2 sT-iani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gammijnavi

arxebi, romelTac ar aqvT §716-is Sesabamisi cecxlis an kvamlis safarebi, unda CaiTvalos gamaval Riobebad da gamavali Riobebis garSemo sivrce unda daigmanos am nawilis Sesabamisad. horizontaluri awyobili sistemebis mimarT gamoiyeneba iseTive uwyvetobis moTxovnebi, rogoric vertikaluri awyobili sistemebisadmi. gamavali Riobebi, gadabmebi da arxebi daculi unda iyos iseve, rogorc vertikaluri awyobili sistemebi; ixileT §707.2, §712.4 da §713.

mebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti toli unda iyos Senobis konstruqciis tipisaTvis aucilebeli koeficientisa.

• horizontalur awyobil kvamlgaumtar sistemebSi, romlebic mijnavs Sereul gamoyenebebs, cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda ganisazRvros §508.3.3-is moTxovnis Sesabamisad, gamijnuli gamoyenebebis safuZvelze.

• awyobili iatakebi, romlebic mijnavs sacxovrebel erTeulebs erT SenobaSi da saZinebel erTeulebs R-2 da I-1 gamoyenebebSi, unda iyos minimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia. arsebobs gamonaklisi, rom aseTi gammijnavebi IIB, IIIB an VB konstruqciaSi, romelic uzrunvelyofilia avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebiT, iyos mxolod minimum ½ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia.

• sadac awyobili iataki mijnavs erT an ramdenime gamoyenebas cecxlisgan dacul damoukidebel farTobebad, awyobili sistemis koeficienti unda Seesabamebodes §706.3.9-s.

• kvamlmedegi awyobili sistemebi uwyveti unda iyos damalul sivrceebSi, Tu isini ar esazRvreba iseT awyobil sistemebs, romlebic zRudavs kvamlis gadaadgilebas, magaliTad, rogoricaa kedlebi, romlebic xvdeba cecxlgamZle awyobil Werebs.

• 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koe-

ficientis mqone awyobil iatakebSi, §711.3.3-is mixedviT, daSvebulia qvemoT mdebare membranebis gamotoveba gamouyenebeli fuZis sarTulis Tavze da zemoT mdebare membranebis gamotoveba sxvenis gamouyenebeli sivrceebis qvemoT.

• gamWvirvale

Weris daucveli Riobebi dasaSvebia, roca momijnave nagebobebisgan gamijvnis moTxovnebi daculia §704.10-is Sesabamisad da gamWvirvale Weris Riobebis garSemo saxuravis konstruqciis mTlianoba SenarCunebulia da daculia saxuravis danarCeni nawilis msgavsad.

• nebismier struqturul nawils an kedels, romelsac eyrdnoba horizontaluri awyobili sistema, unda hqondes minimum iseTive cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, rogoric aqvs horizontalur awyobil sistemas.

90 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gamavali Riobebi da gadabmis sistemebi gamavali Riobebi §712 moiTxovs, rom gamavali Riobebi daculi iyos im awyobili sistemis cecxlgamZleobis SesanarCuneblad, romelSic isini gadis. gamavali Riobebis dacvis sistemebisaTvis mTavari kriteriumebia is, rom isini xels uSlian alisa da cxeli gazebis gadaadgilebas awyobil sistemebSi an maTi gavliT. gamaval RiobebTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi gamomdinareobs maTi zomidan da raodenobidan. gamavali Riobebis cecxlSemCereblebisaTvis gansazRvruli moTxovnebi gulisxmobs, rom Semowmebuli awyobili sistemebi akmayofilebdes alisa da cxeli gazebis gadaadgilebis SezRudvasTan dakavSirebul minimaluri moTxovnebs. ZiriTadi kriteriumia is, rom ar daikargos an Sesustdes im awyobili sistemis cecxlgamZleobis unari, romelSic gamavali Riobi gadis. gamonaklisebis mixedviT, dasaSvebia zogierTi SezRuduli gamavali Riobis arseboba, romelSic gamoyenebulia specifikuri zomis patara milebi an eleqtro komponentebi. gamavali Riobis cecxlSemCerebel sistemebs aqvT “F” da “T” koeficientebi.

“F”koeficienti exeba im dros, ra droSic gamavali Riobis cecxlSemCerebeli sistema zRudavs cecxlis gadaadgilebas koeficientis mqone awyobili sistemis gavliT. es koficienti nominalurad toli unda iyos Senobis im awyobili sistemis koeficientisa, sadac gamavali Riobi mdebareobs. “T” koeficienti gamoiyeneba nebismier gamaval RiobTan da ara mxolod gamWol RiobTan da zomavs, ramdeni droa saWiro, rom awyobili sistemis temperatura gaizardos 163 C gradusamde awyobili sistemis mopirdapire mxares gansazRvruli zomis cecxlis zemoqmedebis dros.

• gamavali Riobebi ori ZiriTadi tipisaa. erTia gamWoli Riobi, romelic, ganmartebis Tanaxmad, mTel awyobil konstruqciaSi gadis.

• meore aris membranis gamavali Riobi, romelic awyobili sistemis mxolod erT nawilSi gadis.

• damWerebi kargad unda damagrdes awyo-

bil sistemaze, romelSic gamavali Riobi gadis.

• nebismieri sivrce damWersa da gamaval sagans Soris da damWersa da gadakveTil awyobil sistemas Soris daculi unda iyos nebadarTuli cecxlSemCerebeli masaliT an sistemiT, alisa da cxeli gazebis gadaadgilebisgan.

• gamWoli Riobebis cecxlSemCerebel sistemas unda hqondes F koeficienti, romelic minimum eqvivalenturia gadakveTili awyobili sistemis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientisa.

• betonis an qvis wyobis kedlebSi, dasaSvebia, cecxlSemCereblad gamavali gayvanilobebis garSemo gamoyenebuli iqnas betonis Txeli duRabi an kiris duRabi.

• magaliTad, §712.3.2 zRudavs foladis eleqtro kolofebis zomas da moiTxovs, rom isini gaimijnos araumcires 610 mm horizontaluri manZiliT, an araumcires kedlis Rrus siRrmis toli horizontaluri manZiliT, romelic Sevsebulia celulozis fxvieri SemvsebiT an mineraluri boWkos izolaciiT, an masiuri damblokveliT.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 91

gamavali Riobebi da gadabmis sistemebi gadabmis cecxlgamZle sistemebi

• gamWoli Riobebi iatakSi daculi

§713 moiTxovs, rom gafarToebadi, seismur Zvraze medegi da konstuqciis deformaciaze medegi gadabmebi ganixilebodes iseve, rogorc gamavali Riobebi. mizania, gadabmebma ar daukargon cecxlgamZleobis unari horizontalur an vertikalur awyobil sistemebs, sadac moxvdebian. gadabmebi cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone awyobil sistemebSi unda Semowmdes saxanZro testiT, rom Seesabamebodes awyobili sistemis koeficients. aseTi gadabmebi mowmdeba gadaadgilebamde da gadaadgilebis Semdeg, raTa dadasturdes, rom gadabmebi inarCunebs cecxlgamZleobas mosalodneli gadaadgilebebis SemTxvevaSi.

unda iyos daSvebuli cecxlSemCerebeli sistemiT, romelTa rogorc F, ise T koeficientebi araumcires 1 saaTia. • T koeficientebi SeiZleba ar iyos, Tu iatakis gamWoli Riobi moTavsebulia kedlis RruSi.

• niSaSi moTavsebuli gasanaTebeli mowyobilobebi ar unda amcirebdes iataki/Weris awyobili sistemis cecxlgamZleobis koeficients, romlis aucilebeli cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda iyos minimum 1 saaTi.

• cecxlgamZle

•

•

• • • •

92 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

koeficientis mqone mxolod erT iatakSi gamavali arawvadi gayvanilobis garSemo arsebuli rgolisebri sivrce unda Seivsos mxolod daSvebuli masaliT. arawvadi gamavali gayvaniloba SeiZleba aerTebdes cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone ramdenime iataks, Tu misi zoma SezRudulia §712.4.1-is Sesabamisad. §712.4.2 moiTxovs TviT koeficientis armqone awyobili sistemebis garSemo arsebuli rgolisebri sivrceebis Sevsebas, rom winaaRmdegoba gauwios alisa da wvis produqtebis gadaadgilebas. gamavali gayvanilobebi SeiZleba aerTebdes araumetes or sarTuls. arawvadi gayvanilobebi SeiZleba gadiodes araumetes sam sarTulSi. temperaturuli gadabmebis cecxlgamZleoba unda iyos iseTive, rogoric sxva gamavali Riobebisa. awyobili iatakebisa da eqsterieris aramzidi kedlebis gadakveTasTan arsebuli gadabmebi gaTvaliswinebulia §713.4-Si. amgvari gadakveTis adgilebi unda daigmanos daSvebuli masalebiT, romlebic Semowmebulia aseT SemTxvevebSi gamoyenebisaTvis. masalebi unda damontJdes imgvarad, rom ali da cxeli gazebi ar gavrceldes gadakveTis adgilebis gavliT.

struqturuli nawilebis cecxlgamZleoba §714 moiTxovs, rom struqturuli nawilebisa da awyobili sistemebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi Seesabamebodes me-6 Tavsa da 601-e cxrilSi konstruqciis tipisaTvis gansazRvrul moTxovnebs. es koeficientebi damatebiTia, radgan struqturas, romelic iWers cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone awyobil sistemas unda hqondes minimum iseTi koeficienti, rogoric aqvs masze dayrdnobil awyobil sistemas. §714.3 krZalavs momsaxure elementebis, rogorebicaa: milebi an sadenebi, cecxlisgan damcav safarebSi CarTvas. es niSnavs, rom aseTma elementebma SeiZleba gaataros siTbo cecxlisgan damcavidan struqturul nawilamde da, amdenad, potenciurad, daikargos droiT gansazRvruli cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti. §714.5-Si ganxilulia Senobis eqsterierze ganTavsebuli struqturuli nawilebis damcavebi. aseTi nawilebis damcavebi gansazRvrulia 601-e cxrilSi da unda iyos eqsterieris mzidi kedlebis an struqturuli karkasisTvis Sesaferisi (romelic ufro mkacri iqneba).

• §714.2.1 moiTxovs, rom struqturuli nawilebi mTlianad daculi iyos individualurad yvela mxares mTel sigrZeze, Tu maT unda hqondes cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti da iWers orze meti iatakis an iatakisa da saxuravis pirdapir datvirTvas, an iWers mzid kedels an orze metsarTulian aramzid kedels.

• kodi aRiarebs, rom mimagrebuli elementebi gamoSverilia struqturuli nawilebidan da rom armaturis samagrebi SeiZleba ufro axlos ganTavsdes betonis elementis zedapirTan, vidre mTavari armatura. §714.2.4 uSvebs, rom es elementebi ufro axlos iyos cecxlisgan damcavis zedapirTan, vidre gansazRvrulia mTavari nawilebisaTvis.

• §714.2.2 moiTxovs, rom sveti daculi iyos mTel simaRleze, maT Soris, koWebTan da rigelebTan gadabmis adgilebSi, maSinac ki, Tu is vrceldeba koeficientis mqone awyobil WerSi.

• cecxlisgan damcavi masalebi, gansakuTrebiT, Sesasxurebeli damcavebi, advilad ziandeba zemoqmedebis SemTxvevaSi, ramac SeiZleba gamoiwvios struqturuli nawilis cecxlgamZleobis unaris dakargva. §714.4 moiTxovs dazianebis riskis qveS myofi elementebis dacvas. damcavi unda vrceldebodes iatakidan minimum 1524 mm simaRlemde.

• §714.2.1 moicavs moTxovnebs struqturuli nawilebisTvis, romelTac nakleb mniSvnelovani struqturuli funqciebi aqvT. aseTi nawilebi SeiZleba daculi iyos garsacmiT, membraniT an Weris damcaviT.

• §714.2.3 uSvebs mTeli awyobili fermis Casmas cecxlgamZle masalebSi.

• §714.2.4 uSvebs struqturul nawilebze iseTi sagnebis mimagrebas, rogoricaa: yunwebi da kronSteinebi, romlebic vrceldeba 25,4 mm-mde cecxlisgan damcavis zedapiridan.

• §714.2.5 uSvebs U-formisa da spiralur armaturas qvis wyobis an betonis struqturul nawilebSi, romlebic damcavSi Sedis araumetes 12,7 mm-ze.

• §714.6 uSvebs, rom zRudarebis qveda naSverebi da kuTxovani Taroebi marcxena mxares ar iyos daculi, roca isini 1829 mm an naklebia an ar aris struqturuli karkasis nawili.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 93

Riobis damcavebi

diametrze liTonis CarCoebian patara gasaxeds.

• ASTM E-119-is Sesabamisi, specifikuri cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone (cecxlisgan damcavi koeficientis sapirispirod) gamWvirvale masala cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone awyobil kedelSi, SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos kedlebSi, romelTac 1 saaTze meti koeficienti aqvT, §715.5.7Si gaTvaliswinebuli farTobis SezRudvis gareSe, roca mTeli kedeli da gamWvirvale awyobili sistemebi Semowmebulia. damcavis cecxlisgan dacvis minimaluri koeficientebi saaTebSi, Semdegis safuZvelze: • awyobili sistemis tipi • awyobili sistemis aucilebeli koeficienti

• Riobis damcavebad misaRebia armire-

w

w

buli minis gamoyeneba, magram misi farTobi (w × h), maqsimaluri simaRle (h) da sigane (w) unda SeizRudos 715.5.3 cxrilSi mocemuli Riobis cecxlisgan dacvis koeficientis Sesabamisad.

IBC-is 2006 wlis gamocemis mixedviT, axla armirebuli mina unda akmayofilebdes CPSC 16 CFR nawili 1201-is moTxovnebs. tradiciulad, armirebuli mina iwarmoeboda da mowmdeboda ANSI Z97.1-is Sesabamisad. farTobebze, sadac aucilebelia usafrTxo mina, akrZalulia ara armirebuli mina, aramed Zveli standartebis mixedviT warmoebuli tipiuri armirebuli mina, romelic ar Seesabameba IBC-is 2006 wlis gamocemas.

• §715.5.7-is mixedviT, cecxlisgan dacvis koeficientis mqone gamWvirvale masala cecxlgamZle awyobil fanjrebSi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT cecxlgamZle tixrebSi an cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebSi, maqsimum 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientiT. aseTi fanjrebis farTobebis jami ar unda aRematebodes nebismieri oTaxis saerTo kedlis farTobis 25%-s.

w h

• §715.4.3-is gamonaklisi 1 uSvebs 25 mm

Riobis damcavebze, maT Soris, cecxlgamZle karebebsa da gamWrvivale masalebze, mikruli iyos etiketebi, romelzec aRniSnuli iqneba testTan Sesabamisoba da saxanZro usafrTxoebis xarisxi.

• 715.4 cxrilSi gansazRvrulia Riobis

h

cecxlgamZle karebebi TavisiT unda ixurebodes. Cveulebriv, maT aseve unda hqondes saketebi. es moTxovnebi gamomdinareobs iqidan, rom SenarCundes im awyobili sistemis mTlianoba, romelSic cecxlgamZle karia moTavsebuli. karebebi, umetes SemTxvevebSi, daxuruli da Caketili unda iyos, rom ar gaiRos cecxlisgan Seqmnili Zlieri haeris nakadebis dajaxebis dros. cecxlgamZle awyobili sistemebi derefnebSi da kvamlsawinaaRmdego barierebi, romelTac 715.4 cxrilis mixedviT unda hqondes cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, uzrunvelyofili unda iyos minimum 20 wuTiani cecxlisgan damcavi saSualebiT.

• kodi, Cveulebriv, moiTxovs, rom

(romlebic, 602-e cxrilis mixedviT, 1 saaTze meti unda iyos) unda iyos minimum 1½ saaTiani. sxva fanjris Riobebs, romelTac sWirdeba 1 saaTiani koeficienti, unda hqondes ¾ saaTiani koeficienti. sadac fanjris Riobis damcavi ganTavsebulia kedlebSi, romelTac Senobis elementebis an zemoqmedebis wyaros siaxlovis gamo, sxvagvari koeficientebi eniWebaT §704.9 an 704.10-is mixedviT, fanjris cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti unda iyos minimum ¾ saaTi.

h

§715-is moTxovnebi cecxlgamZle konstruqciis Riobebis damcavebisaTvis uSvebs, rom Riobis damcavebis koeficientebi gansxvavdebodes im kedlis koeficientisgan, romelSic isinia Casmuli.

715.4 cxrilSi CamoTvlilia Riobis damcaviskoeficientebisxvadasxvaawyobili sistemebisaTvis, rogoricaa: cecxlgamZle karebebi da cecxlgamZle darabebi. magaliTad, 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone cecxlgamZle kedels sWirdeba 1½ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone Riobis awyobili damcavi. Riobis damcavebi, Cveulebriv, Semowmebuli awyobili sistemebia, amdenad, damproeqtebels SeuZlia Sesabamisi awyobili damcavis SerCeva testis Sedegebis safuZvelze. testis kriteriumebi mocemul gamoyenebebSi mocemuli pirobebisaTvis warmodgenilia am nawilSi. §715.3 uSvebs alternatiuli meTodebis gamoyenebas Riobis damcavebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebis gansasazRvrad.

kodSi mocemulia SezRudvebi Riobis damcavebSi gamWvirvale masalis gamoyenebisas, testis Sedegebisa da Riobis gamWvirvale safaris farTobis safuZvelze. §715.4.3.2-Si aRniSnulia, rom 20 wuTiani koeficientis mqone cecxlgamZle karebebSi gamWvirvale masalebs aseve unda hqondes 20 wuTiani koeficienti, magram mas ar utardeba `saxanZro Slangis nakadis~ testi, romlis drosac gamWvirvale masalebze zemoqmedebs maRali wnevis civi wylis Wavli saxanZro testis pirobebSi.

eqsterieris kedlebis fanjris damcavis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebi

94 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

w h

armirebuli mina unda damontaJdes gansazRvruli minimaluri sisqis foladis CarCoebSi. maRali gamZleobis gamWvirvale masalebi, romlebic Semowmebulia xanZris pirobebSi, SeiZleba damontaJdes maTi koeficientebis Sesabamisad, romlebic gamomdinareobs Semowmebuli zomebidan da dacvis xangrZlivobidan. cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone 3658 mm-ze maRal gamWvirvale masalaSi, gamyofi daculi unda iyos iseve, rogorc awyobili kedlis konstruqcia.

saerTo kedlis 4 (w x h) ≤ 25% farTobi, gzakaris farTobis CaTvliT

arxebi da haergadamcemi Riobebi arxebi da haergamtari Riobebi, romlebic gadis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone awyobil sistemebSi, ise unda iyos damuSavebuli, rom ar gamoiwvios im awyobili sistemebis cecxlgamZleobis unaris dakargva, romelSic gadian. safarebis armqone arxebi, §712-is mixedviT, miCneulia gamaval Riobebad. sadac arxebi agrZelebs muSaobas cecxlis an kvamlis warmoSobis SemTxvevaSi, magaliTad, atriumis kvamlis sakontrolo sistema, maT ver eqnebaT safarebi. alternatiuli damcavi saWiroa cecxlisgan damcavebis mTlianobis SesanarCuneblad. cecxlis da kvamlis safarebi unda iyos Semowmebuli da registrirebuli awyobili sistemebi. safarebTan uzrunvelyofili unda iyos misadgomi movlaSekeTebisTvis, Semowmebisa da daxurvis Semdeg xelaxla gaRebisTvis. es misadgomi panelebi ar unda iwvevdes saxanZro/ xanZarsawinaaRmdego awyobili sistemebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis dakargvas. cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi cecxlis da kvamlis safarebisaTvis efuZvneba gadakveTili awyobili sistemis tips. moTxovnebi warmodgenilia ZiriTadi moTxovnebis stilSi da moyveba gamonaklisebi. awyobili sistemebis tipebi dalagebulia iseTive ierarqiiT, rogorc am Tavis sxva nawilebSi.

•

•

cecxlgamZle kedlebi: §716.5.1 moiTxovs, rom cecxlgamZle kedlebSi gamaval arxebs hqondes cecxlis safarebi, §705.11-is gamonaklisSi gansazRvrul adgilas. cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebi: §716.5.2 moiTxovs cecxlis safarebs im adgilebSi, sadac arxebi an haergamtari Riobebi cecxlsawinaaRmdego barierebs kveTs. am moTxovnis gamonaklisebia:

1. gamavali Riobebi registrirdeba ASTM E119-is Sesabamisad, rogorc cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone awyobili sistema.

2. arxebi kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis nawilia.

3. gaTbobis, ventilaciisa da kondicirebis sistemas aqvs arxebi, kedels aqvs 1 an nakleb saaTiani koeficienti, Senoba ar aris H gamoyenebis da mTlianad uzrunvelyofilia saSxefebeli sistemiT.

• §716.5.3-Si naTqvamia, rom Saxtis

•

2.

•

• cecxlis safarebi registrirebuli meqanikuri meqanizmebia, romlebic montaJdeba arxebsa da haergamtar RiobebSi da ise proeqtdeba, rom avtomaturad daixuros siTbos aRmoCenisTanave, rom SeizRudos alis gadaadgileba.

• kvamlis safarebi cecxlis safarebis msgavsia, magram gankuTvnilia haerisa da kvamlis gadaadgilebis SesazRudad. isini imarTeba kvamlis aRmomCeni sistemiT an distanciuri sakontrolo sadguridan.

• rogorc cecxlis, ise kvamlis safarebs unda hqondes misadgomi Semowmebisa da movla-SekeTebisaTvis. misadgomi panelebi ar unda iwvevdes saxanZro/xanZarsawinaaRmdego awyobili sistemebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis dakargvas.

2.

•

•

SemomzRudavebi, sadac daSvebulia gamavali arxebi da haergamtari gamavali Riobebi, daculi unda iyos cecxlis da kvamlis safarebiT. Semdeg gamonaklisebSi naTqvamia, rom cecxlisa da kvamlis safarebi saWiro ar aris, sadac: 1.1 arxi vrceldeba 559 mm-ze gamwov arxebSi uwyveti, zemoT mimarTuli haeris nakadis mimarTulebiT. 1.2 gamavali Riobebi registrirebulia ASTM E119-is Sesabamisad, rogorc cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone awyobili sistema.

1.3 arxebi kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis nawilia.

1.4 avtosadgomi garaJis SaxtaSi gamavali Riobebi gamijnulia sxva Saxtebisgan araumcires 2 sT-iani cecxlgamZ. mqone konstruqciiT. B da R jgufis gamoyenebebSi, sadac samzareulos, saabazanosa da tualetis oTaxebisTvis arsebobs avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi, foladis arxebiT SemozRuduli gamwovi, romelic SaxtaSi gvrceldeba vertikalurad 559 mm-ze, an aqvs gamwovi ventilatori Saxtis zeda boloSi, uwyveti zemoT mimarTuli haeris nakadis SesanarCuneblad. cecxlgamZle tixrebi: §716.5.4 moiTxovs arxis gamavali Riobebi cecxlgamZle tixrebSi aRWurvili iyos cecxlis safarebiT, garda Semdegi SemTxvevebisa: 1. gamavali Riob(eb)is mqone tixrebi warmoadgens saijaro farTobebis gammijnavs an derefnis kedlebs SenobebSi, sadac aris saSxefebeli sistemebi. arxebi foladisaa, 0,06 m2-ze naklebi ganivi kveTis mqone, ar aerTebs derefans sxva sivrceebTan, aris Weris zemoT da ar aqvs safari gisosi cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone kedelSi. kvamlgaumtari barierebi: §716.5.5 moiTxovs, rom kvamlis safarebi dayendes, roca arxi gadis kvamlgaumtar barierSi, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca arxi foladisaa da emsaxureba kvamlisgan dacul mxolod erT ganyofilebas. derefnebi: §716.5.4.1 moiTxovs kvamlis safarebs derefnebTan, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca: 1. arsebobs kvamlis sakontrolo sistema.

2. arxi foladisaa da gadis Riobebis armqone derefanSi.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 95

horizontalur awyobil sistemebSi gamavali Riobebi rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, konveqtiuri Zalebis zemoqmedebiT, horizontaluri awyobili sistemebis gamaval RiobebSi SeiZleba gadaadgildes siTbo, kvamli an cecxli. iatakSi, iataki/Weris awyobil sistemaSi an saxuravi/Weris awyobili sistemis Weris membranaSi gamavali arxebi an haergamtari gamavali Riobebi daculi unda iyos Saxtis SemomzRudaviT, §707is Sesabamisad an unda Seesabamebodes §716.6.1 - §716.6.3 debulebebs.

• I-2 da I-3-gan gansxvavebul gamoye-

•

cecxlis safari

• arxi • dnobadi SeerTeba • frTis daxurva

nebebSi, daSvebuli masalebis arxebi SeiZleba gadiodes koeficientis mqone iataki/Weris awyobil sistemebSi, romlebic aerTebs araumetes or iatakze mets, Tu cecxlis safari damontaJebulia arxTan iatakis sazRvarTan an horizontalur awyobil sistemasTan, §712.4-is Sesabamisad. patara arxebi SeiZleba gadiodes sam iatakSi, rac damaxasiaTebelia sacxovreblis an sastumros mSeneblobisTvis, Tu §716.6.1-is yvela gamonaklisis kriteriumebi daculia.

CveniazriT,esgamonaklisebinaklebad gamoyenebadia saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi, Tu skolebSi ar aris sacxovrebeli sargeblobebi, magaliTad, saerTo saZinebeli oTaxebi.

• WerSi damontaJebuli gamosxivebis safarebi aris meqanizmebi, romlebic avtomaturad zRudavs gamosxivebuli siTbos gadacemas arxis Riobis saSualebiT. is gansazRvrulia §702.1-Si.

•

frTebis daxurvis dros ukugdebuli gamosxiveba

• §716.6.2 uSvebs arxian an uarxo gamaval Riobebs cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone Weris membranebSi, roca:

• arxi gadis SemozRudul SaxtaSi, an • arxSi aris gamosxivebis safari, an • Weris zedapirTan mdebareobs gamosxivebis safari uarxo gamavali Riobis dasacavad.

• §716.6.3-is mixedviT, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis armqone awyobil iatakebSi SeiZleba gadiodes daSvebuli masalebiT agebuli arxebi, Tu

• arxi gadis SemozRudul SaxtaSi, an • arxi aerTebs araumetes or sarTuls da arxis garSemo darCenili rgolisebri sivrce daculia gamavali milis dasamuSaveblad gamoyenebuli arawvadi masalebis msgavsi masalebiT. • Tu arxi aerTebs araumetes sam sarTuls, arxi daculi unda iyos, rogorc gamavali Riobi, rogorc aRniSnuli iyo zemoT da arxSi unda iyos cecxlis safari iatakis yvela zedapirTan.

96 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

damaluli sivrceebi cecxli SeiZleba swrafad gavrceldes wvadi konstruqciis damalul sivrceebSi, Tu cecxlis gavrceleba an cxeli gazebis gadaadgileba SezRuduli araa. §717-Si mocemulia cecxldamblokvelTan da cecxlSemCerebelTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi.

TiToeuli moTxovnis mizania, SezRudos an SeaCeros cecxlis gavrceleba an cxeli gazebis gadaadgileba, rom cecxli ar gavrceldes damalul sivrceebSi. es kriteriumebi, Cveulebriv, exeba wvadi konstruqciis Senobebs, Tumca aseve exeba arawvadi konstruqciis SenobebSi damontaJebul wvad dekoratiul masalebs an iatakebs. saSxefeblebi xSirad damalul sivrceSi cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli saSualebaa. Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom aseT SemTxvevebSi damalul sivrceebs iseve sWirdeba saSxefeblebi, rogorc gamoyenebul sivrceebs.

• termin `cecxldamblokvelSi~ igulisxmeba samSeneblo masalebi, romlebic zRudavs alis Tavisufal gadaadgilebas damaluli sivrceebis gavliT Senobis sxva nawilebSi.

• §717.2.1 gansazRvravs masalebs, romlebic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos cecxlis dasablokad.

• cecxldamblokveli, Cveulebriv, aucilebelia sivrceebSi:

Semdeg

damalul

• vertikalur dgarebian kedlebis sivrceebsa da ZelebiT Seqmnil horizontalur sivrceebs Soris • sofitebTan, Sekidul WerebTan da a.S. vertikalur da horizontalur sivrceebs Soris • dgarebian kedlebSi, maT Soris, TeqiT izolirebul sivrceebSi, 3048 mm intervalebiT

• kibis lambebs Soris.

wvadi samSeneblo masalebi dasaSvebi ar aris I an II tipis Senobebis damalul sivrceebSi, garda §603-Si daSvebuli SemTxvevisa, roca gamoyenebulia A klasis mosapirkeTebeli masalebi, an roca wvadi milebi damontaJebulia meqanikuri da milsadenebis saerTaSoriso kodebis Sesabamisad.

• sadac rgolisebri Riobebi ar aris daculi §707.2, §712.4.1 an §712.4.2is gamonaklisebis Sesabamisad, cecxldamblokveli unda damontaJdes Werisa da iatakis RiobebTan milebis, arxebisa da sakvamurebis garSemo. damblokvelsa da gamaval Riobs Soris sivrce unda Seivsos `daSvebuli~ masaliT, rom xeli SeuSalos alisa da wvis produqtebis Tavisufal gadaadgilebas. aRsaniSnavia, rom §712.4.2-is mixedviT, es exeba rogorc koeficientis armqone horizontalur awyobil sistemebs, ise cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone horizontalur awyobil sistemebs.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 97

damaluli sivrceebi • termini `cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli~ gulisxmobs masalebs an meqanizmebs, romlebic zRudavs haeris gadaadgilebas wvadi konstruqciis damalul Ria sivrceebSi, rogorebicaa: iatakisa da Weris Rruebi da sxvenebi. iatakSi cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli unda Seesabamebodes §717.3-s, sxvenSi cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli ki - §717.4-s.

• cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli aucilebelia sxvenebisa da saxuravis sxva damaluli sivrceebis dasayofad.

• R-1 da R-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli unda damontaJdes zemoT mdebare sxvenebSi da im kedlebis Sesabamisad, romlebic mijnavs erT sacxovrebel erTeuls meorisgan, sadac isini ukve aRar cdeba zemoT mdebare saxuravis ficarfenilis qveda mxares.

• sacxovreblisgan gansxvavebul gamoyenebebSi, cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli unda yofdes sxvenebs da saxuravis sxva damalul sivrceebs 279 m2-ze nakleb farTobebad, Tu mTeli Senoba ar aris aRWurvili saSxefebeli sistemebiT.

• R-1, R-2, R-3 da R-4 jgufis gamoyenebeb-

Si, cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli unda ganTavsdes zemoT da sacxovrebeli erTeulebis gammijnavebis Sesabamisad.

• sacxovreblisgan gansxvavebul gamoyenebebSi, cecxlis gavrcelebis SemCerebeli unda yofdes iatakis horizontalur sivrceebs 93 m2-ze nakleb farTobebad, Tu mTeli Senoba ar aris aRWurvili saSxefebeli sistemebiT.

98 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

baTqaSi da Termo da bgeriTi saizolacio masalebi • baTqaSis aucilebeli sisqe izomeba

baTqaSi baTqaSi, rogorc cecxlagmZle koeficientis mqone masala, misaRebia, roca gamoyenebulia §718-is Sesabamisad. baTqaSis sistemebi unda ganTavsdes Semowmebul awyobil sistemebze. baTqaSi SeiZleba iyos awyobili sistemis aucilebeli saerTo sisqidan 12,7 mm, roca gamoyenebulia betonze. betonis minimaluri safari 9,5 mm iatakebTan da 25,4 mm armirebul svetebTan unda SenarCundes.

badis winapiridan, roca gamoyenebulia liTonis an TabaSiris sabaTqaSe badeze.

• §718.2-Si mocemulia Semdegi eqviva≈

≈

lentobebi cecxlgamZleobis mizniT:

• 12.7 mm TabaSiris baTqaSi qviSis gareSe • 19.1 mm erTidan samamde fena qviSaTabaSiris baTqaSisa

• 25.4 mm portlandcementis baTqaSi

• gare zedapiridan 19,1 mm sabaTqaSe badis damatebiTi fena aucilebelia 25,4 mm sisqis baTqaSis safuZvlad.

Termuli da bgeriTi saizolacio masalebi §719 aRiarebs, rom Termul da akustikur saizolacio masalebs xSirad qaRaldis pirebi aqvs an Seicavs wvad masalebs. damalul sivrceebSi damontaJebisas, masalebis alis gavrcelebis indeqsi ar unda aRematebodes 25-s, xolo kvamlis ganviTarebis indeqsi - 450-s.

• §719.2.1-is mixedviT, alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis warmoqmnis/ganviTarebis SezRudvebi ar gamoiyeneba III, IV an V tipis konstruqciebSi, roca saizolacio masalebi miqceulia da kontaqtSia kedlis, Weris an iatakis zemoqmedebis armqone zedapirisken.

• saxuravis izolacia SeiZleba iyos wvadi da ar sWirdeba alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis warmoqmnis zRvrebi, roca is gadaxurulia saxuravis nebadarTuli safarebiT.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 99

direqtiuli cecxlgamZleobebi §720-Si mocemul cxrilebSi CamoTvlilia awyobili sistemebi, romlebic Seesabameba cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebs gansazRvruli drois periodSi, roca damontaJebulia miTiTebul siRrmeze. arsebobs cxrilebi sxvadasxva elementebisaTvis:

• cxrili 720.1(1) struqturuli elementebisaTvis • cxrili 720.1(2) kedlisa da tixris awyobili sistemebisaTvis • cxrili 720.1(3) iatakisa da saxuravis sistemebisaTvis awyobili sistemebis CamonaTvali ar aris sruli. damproeqtebeli xSirad mimarTavs testirebis sxva saagentoebs, romlebic misaRebia kodisTvis, rogorebicaa: UL an FM, rom ipovos awyobili sistemebi, romlebic Seesabameba proeqtis saWiroebebs. awyobili sistemebis gamoyenebisas, damproeqtebeli yuradRebiT unda iyos da gansazRvros, sad gamoiyenos isini proeqtSi. awyobili sistemebis proeqtebis Secvlisas saWiroa sifrTxile, radgan aman SeiZleba uaryofiTad imoqmedos maT aRiarebaze da saWiro gaxdes saxanZro testi maTi efeqtianobis dasamowmeblad.

• foladis sveti, 203 x 203 mm an meti • adgilze Camosxmuli karbonati, msubuqi betoni an msubuqi qviSa-betoni

• spiralurad daxveuli armaturis mavTulis samagri

• minimaluri sisqis diapazonia 25 mmdan 51 mm-mde, rac damokidebulia cecxlgamZleobis koeficientze

sagnis No. 1-1.2

• foladis sveti (zoma aRniSnuli ar aris)

• X tipis TabaSiris filis 15,9 mm sisqis sami fena 41,3 mm siganis No. 25 zomis foladis dgarebze

• No. 25 zomis liTonis dgarebi

sagnis No. 1-7.3

• foladis koWi an rigeli (zoma aRniSnuli ar aris)

• betoni RorRis (kaJbadi/kremniumis) SemvsebiT liTonis badeze

• minimum 25 mm sisqe

struqturuli elementebi

sagnis No. 2-1.2

100 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

direqtiuli cecxlgamZleobebi struqturuli elementebi

• foladis koWi an rigeli (zoma aRniSnuli ar aris)

• X tipis TabaSiris filis 15,9 mm sisqis ori fena, mimagrebuli U-formis kronSteinebze (brjenebze) centridan 610 mm-ze

sagnis No. 2-4.1

• armirebuli betonis svetebi karbonatiT, kremniumiT, msubuqi betoniTa da msubuq Semavsebiani betoniT, 305 mm an meti gabaritis, kvadratuli an mrgvali

• minimum 38 mm-dan 51 mm-mde sisqe

sagnis No. 5-1.1

• armirebuli betonis filebi karbonatiT, kremniumiT, msubuqi betoniTa da msubuq Semvsebiani betoniT

• armirebuli betonis koWebi an rigele-

• minimum 19,1 mm-dan 31,8 mm-mde sisqe

bi karbonatiT, kremniumiT, msubuqi betoniTa da qviSiani msubuqi betoniT, 305 mm an meti gabaritis

• minimum 38 mm-dan 51 mm-mde sisqe

sagnis No. 7-1.1

sagnis No. 5-1.1

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 101

direqtiuli cecxlgamZleobebi awyobili kedlebi da tixrebi • betonis

qvis

wyobis

erTeulebi

• dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde meryeobs 53,3 mm-dan 157,5 mm-mde, rac damokidebulia betonis Semcvelobis tipsa da aucilebel cecxlgamZleobis koeficientze sagnis No. 3-1.1, 2, 3, 4

• masiuri betoni • dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde meryeobs 63,5 mm-dan 177,8 mm-mde, rac damokidebulia gamoyenebuli Semcvelobis tipsa da aucilebel cecxlgamZleobis koeficientze

sagnis No. 4-1.1

• 82 mm-iani No.18 zomis arawvadi dgarebis karkasi centridan 610 mm-ze

• 51 x 102 mm xis dgarebi 406 mm-ze centridan

• 12.7 mm TabaSiris baTqaSi 9,5 mm • 15.9 mm TabaSiris baTqaSi liTonis sabaTqaSe badeze yvela mxares

• 121 mm dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

sagnis No. 11-1.1

102 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

X tipis TabaSiris sabaTqaSe badeze yvela mxares

• 133 mm dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

sagnis No. 12-1.3

direqtiuli cecxlgamZleobebi awyobili kedlebi da tixrebi • No. 25 liTonis arawvadi dgare-

• 51 x 102 mm xis dgarebi 406 mm-ze cen-

bis karkasi (sxvadasxva zomis) centridan 610 mm-ze

• X tipis TabaSiris filis 15,9 mm sisqis

• X tipis TabaSiris filis ori

tridan erTi fena yvela mxares

12,7 mm fena yvela mxares

• 92 mm dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde, 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

• 121 mm dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

sagnis No. 13-1.2

sagnis No. 14-1.3

• 51 x 102 mm xis dgarebi 406 mm-ze

• 51 x 102 mm xis dgarebi 406 mm-ze cen-

centridan

tridan

• liTonis sabaTqaSe bade da 19,1 mm • 19.1 mm Sesabamisi gare mopir-

keTeba 12,7 mm TabaSiris filis fenilze • 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientisTvis aucilebeli interieris mopirkeTeba

cementis baTqaSi yvela mxares

• 146 mm dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

• gansxvavdeba interieris mopirkeTebis mixedviT, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

sagnis No. 15-1.1

sagnis No. 15-1.2

• 51 x 152 mm cecxlgamZleobisTvis damuSavebuli xis dgarebi 406 mm-ze centridan

• cementis baTqaSis 15,9 mm-is ori

fena X tipis TabaSiris fenilze, romelzec ganTavsebulia liTonis sabaTqaSe bade da qaRaldi • X tipis TabaSiris filis 15,9 mm sisqis ori fena interierze

• 210 mm dasrulebuli sisqe piridan piramde, 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti

sagnis No. 15-1.6

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 103

direqtiuli cecxlgamZleobebi iatakisa da saxuravis sistemebi

• 76 mm armirebuli betonis iataki an saxuravis fila

• 25.4 mm sisqis Weri Sedgeba vermikulit-TabaSiris baTqaSisgan liTonis sabaTqaSe badeze, romelic mikrulia 19,1 mm Svelerebze centridan 305 mm-ze

• 4 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti sagnis No. 5-1.1

• 76 mm siRrmis foladis ujredulad profilirebuli fenili minimum 64 mm sisqis betonis iatakiT an saxuravis filiT fenilis Rarebis Tavis zemoT • 28.6 mm sisqis Weri Sedgeba vermikulit-TabaSiris baTqaSis fuZe (qveda) fenisa da vermikulitis akustikuri baTqaSisgan, romelic ganTavsebulia 19,1 mm Svelerze damagrebul liTonis sabaTqaSe badeze centridan 305 mm-ze, 38 mm Svelerze centridan 915 mm-ze da dakidebulia mavTulis sakidebiT centridan 915 mm-ze.

• 4 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti sagnis No. 9-1.1

• A an B klasis saxuravis safari • merqan-boWkovani saizolacio fila cementis SemkvrelebiT, miwebebuli fenilze

• 38.1 mm siRrmis foladis saxuravis fenili foladis karkasze

• 19.1 mm sisqis TabaSiris baTqaSis Weri liTonis sabaTqaSe badeze, romelic mimagrebulia 50 mm-ian Svelerebze centridan 915 mm-ze da Camokidebulia mavTulis sakidebze centridan 915 mm-ze.

• 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti sagnis No. 10-1.1

104 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

direqtiuli cecxlgamZleobebi iatakisa da saxuravis sistemebi

• ormagi xis iataki, romelic Sedgeba 25,4 mm nominaluri sisqis mosapirkeTebeli xis iatakis safarisgan da ganTavsebulia 11,9 mm xis struqturuli panelebis Sav iatakze.

• xis koWebi centridan 406 mm-ze

• 12.7 mm X tipis TabaSiris filis Weri, lursmnebiT damagrebuli koWebze

• 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti sagnis No. 13-1.4

• A an B klasis saxuravis safari • 57 mm perlitis betonis fila, armirebuli mavTulis badiT.

• 31.8 mm siRrmis foladis saxuravis fenili, romelic emyareba individualurad dacul foladis karkass

• Weri ar aris • 2 an 3 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti sagnis No. 18-1.1

• 12.7 xis struqturuli panelebi eqsterieris weboTi, damagrebuli marTi kuTxeebiT koWebis Tavebze an fermebis sartyelebis Tavebze

• xis koWebi, iatakis fermebi an saxuravis fermebi centridan 610 mm-ze

• 31,8 mm sisqis Weri Sedgeba 15,9 mm X tipis TabaSiris filis ori fenisgan, romelic magrdeba marTi kuTxeebiT koWebze an fermebze

• 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti sagnis No. 21-1.1

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 105

gamoTvlili cecxlgamZleobebi roca saproeqto pirobebi ver sruldeba konkretulad gansazRvruli awyobili sistemebis gamoyenebis dros, §721-Si mocemulia Sesrulebaze orientirebuli gamoTvlis meTodebi, specifikuri masalebis an masalaTa kombinaciebis cecxlgamZleobisaTvis. gamoTvlis es meTodebi SemuSavda kodSi gamosayeneblad da ganzraxulia mxolod im nawilTan gamoyebisaTvis, romelSic isini Sedian. isini aadvileben cecxlgamZle awyobili sistemebis daproeqtebasa da dokumentirebas ise, rom damproeqtebels da mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcems zustad ecodinebaT, rogor mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndeba awyobili sistema realuri xanZris pirobebSi. formulebi efuZvneba monacemebs struqturul nawilebSi siTbos gadacemis, saizolacio masalebis Tbogamtarobis, masalaTa gamtarobis, sxvadasxva samSeneblo masalebis cecxlgamZleobas xanZris testis monacemebis mixedviT; individualurad da erTmaneTTan kavSirSi, adgilze awyobili sistemebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebul datvirTvebs. damproeqtebelma SeiZleba gamoiyenos monacemebi, am nawilSi Sesuli awyobili sistemebis cecxlgamZleobis gansasazRvrad, romlebic zustad ar emTxveva konkretulad gansazRvrul, winaswar Semowmebul kategoriebs, romlebic mocemulia §720-Si.

arsebobs cecxlgamZleobis gamoTvlis ramdenime fundamenturi principi.

• pirvelia is, rom arsebobs raodenobrivad gansazRvradi kavSiri Senobis elementebze gamoyenebuli cecxlisgan damcavi masalis sisqesa da cecxlgamZleobis miRebul xangrZlivobas Soris. mokled rom vTqvaT, ufro sqel cecxlisgan damcavs ufro xangrZlivi cecxlgamZleobis unari aqvs.

• meore principia is, rom rac metia safari foladis armaturaze betonis konstruqciaSi, miT ufro xangrZlivia cecxlgamZleobis periodi.

momdevno gverdebze ilustrirebulia rogorc struqturuli dacvis, ise awyobili sistemis gamoTvlebis ramdenime magaliTi imis sailustraciod, rogor gamoiyeneba am nawilis principebi muSaobis dros.

• mesame principia is, rom arsebobs kavSiri foladis struqturuli nawilis eqsterieris saerTo zedapiris gabarits (romelsac ewodeba `gacxelebadi perimetri~), elementis nawilebis sisqesa da cecxlisgan damcavi masalebis sisqes Soris, rac auclebelia garkveuli cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis misaRwevad. magaliTad, kompaqturi foladis konstruqciebi WrilSi ganieri naSverebiTa da maTi SemaerTebeliT, moiTxovs cecxlisgan damcavi masalebis ufro Txel fenebs mocemuli cecxlgamZleobis xangrZlivobis misaRwevad, vidre ufro Txeli foladisgan damzadebuli ufro didi gabaritis koWebi.

106 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gamoTvlili cecxlgamZleobebi §721.2 betonis awyobili sistemebi Cveulebriv betons kremniumis an karbonatis Semvsebi aqvs; Cveni magaliTisaTvis, gamoviyenebT kremniumis Semvsebs.

betonis kedlebi

• 721.2.1.1 cxrilis mixedviT, 2 sT koeficientis mqone kremniumiani betonis kedeli unda iyos 127 mm sisqis.

• 721.2.1.3.1 suraTis mixedviT ganisazRvreba moTxovnebi 2 saaTiani koeficientis mqone, 127 mm sisqis kedlis gadabmis damcavisadmi. vivaraudoT, rom gadabmis maqsimalurad dasaSvebi sigane 25,4 mm-ia, iseTive kremniumis betonze.

• keramikuli boWkos safari, 51 mm sisqis, cxrilis mixedviT

• mamWidrovebeli masala/hermatiki da ukana sayrdeni (atmosferuli zemoqmedebisgan dasacavad; ar aris cecxlgamZle awyobili sistemis nawili)

betonis filebi

• 2 saaTiani koeficientis mqone kremniumiani betonis filisaTvis 721.2.2.1 cxrilSi gansazRvrulia 127 mm sisqe.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 107

gamoTvlili cecxlgamZleobebi §721.5 foladis awyobili sistemebi foladis svetebis cecxlisgan dacva damokidebulia grZivi metri svetis wonaze (W) da svetis gacxelebad perimetrze (D), romelic dakavSirebulia svetis fizikur gabaritebze. cxrili 721.5.1(1) gviCvenebs tipiuri svetebis W/D Tanafardobas. Cveni varaudiT es iqneba W12 x 96 sveti.

• W12 x 96 • tf = 22 mm • d = 324 mm • tw = 14 mm • bf = 308 mm • ganivi kveTis farTobi = 18 194 mm2

• kolofis/yuTis profilisTvis: D = 2(bf + d) = 2(308,8 + 322,8) = 1263 mm 721.5.1(1) cxrilis Sesabamisad, Tanafardoba (kolofi/yuTi) = 96/49.74 = 1.93

W/D

• TabaSiris filis damcavi foladis nawilebze gamoiTvleba §721.5.1.2-is Sesabamisad. h = TabaSiris filis saerTo sisqe mm2-Si = 4 x (15.9) = 64 D = gacxelebadi perimetri = 1263 Wt = saerTo wona foladisa da TabaSiris filis grZiv metrze (TabaSiris filis 4 fenis varaudiT) = W + (50sTD/144) = 96 + (50 x 2.5 x 49.74/144) = 139.1771 girvanqa xazovan futze = 2.03 kN/m

• konturis profilisTvis: D = = =

4bf + 2d – 2tw 4(308,8) + 2(322,8) - 2(14) 1853

721.5.1(1) cxrilis Sesabamisad, Tanafardoba (konturi) = 96/72.96 = 1.32

W/D

R = cecxlgamZleoba (wuTebSi) = 130 [h(Wt/D)/2]0.75 (gantoleba7-12) = 332 wuTi/60 = 5.54 saaTi

•

svetebis Sesasxurebeli tipis cecxlisgan damcavi efuZvneba gacxelebad perimetrs (Cveulebriv, konturuli profilis), masalis sisqesa da masalaze damokidebul cecxlgamZleobis mudmiv sidideebs. Cveni W12x96 svetisTvis formula aseTia: C1 da C2 masalaze damokidebuli mudmivi sidideebia, romlebic gansazRvrulia masalis mwarmoeblebis mier. nagulisxmebia, rom Cveni magaliTisTvis orive 45-ia.

W/D Tanafardoba = 1.32 h = Sesasxurebeli cecxlgamZle masalis sisqe mm-Si = 51 R = = = =

108 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

cecxlgamZleoba [C1 (W/D) + C2] h (gantoleba 7-13) [45 (1.32) + 45] 2 209 wuTi/60 = 3.48 saaTi

gamoTvlili cecxlgamZleobebi §721.6 xis awyobili sistemebi am gamoTvlebis gamoyeneba SeiZleba mxolod 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone awyobili sistemebisaTvis. Cveni pirobiTi kedeli mdebareobs miwis nakveTis sazRvridan 1524 mm-ze meti daSorebiT. amdenad, §721.6.2.3-is mixedviT, cecxlgamZle mxare pirobiTad Senobis interieriskenaa.

• Tboizolacia 721.6.2 (5) cxrilis mixedviT • 12.7 mm X tipis TabaSiris fila interieris (cecxlgamZle) mxare 721.6.2 (1) cxrilis mixedviT

• xis yavarebi • samSeneblo qaRaldi • 7.9 mm eqsterieris firficari eqsterieris mxare 721.6.3 (3) cxrilis mixedviT

• 22 860 mm miwis nakveTis sazRvramde tabulacia masala

dro (wT-Si)

masala

0

alt. awy. sist.*

gadamisamarTeba amoRebulia; ara cecxlis zemoqm. mxares ix. §721.6.2.1.

izolacia

15

0

cxrili 721.6.2 (5)

xis dgarebi centridan 406 mm-ze

20

20

cxrili 721.6.2 (2)

12.7 mm 25 X tipis TabaSiris fila

40

cxrili 721.6.2 (1)

sul

60

60

* rogorc alternativa, 1 saaTiani koeficienti SeiZleba miiRwes izolaciis gareSe, X tipis TabaSiris filis ori fenis gamoyenebiT (miniWebulia 25 wuTi x 2 = 50 wuTi cecxlgamZleoba) an X tipis TabaSiris filis erTi fenis gamoyenebiT (miniWebulia 40 wuTi cecxlgamZleoba). amdenad, Sesabamisoba SeiZleba miiRwes ramdenime gziT.

FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION / 109

8

interieris mopirkeTeba kodis me-8 Tavi aregulirebs interieris mosapirkeTebel, gasaformebel da dekoratiul masalebs. am TavSi, ZiriTadad, ganxilulia masalebis alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis warmoqmnis Taviseburebebi, roca isini gamoiyeneba interieris zedapirebs SigniT. es regulaciebi gulisxmobs im dekoratiuli mosapirkeTebeli masalebis regulirebas, romlebic gamoiyeneba vizualuri aRqmisTvis. regulaciebi moicavs interieris yvela zedapirs: iatakebs, kedlebsa da Werebs. dasrulebul zedapirebze gamoyenebuli gaformeba/morTuloba aseve Sedis am regulaciebSi. sayuradReboa, rom $801.1.3-is moTxovniT, SenobebSi, romlebic ganTavsebulia datborvis safrTxis Semcvel adgilebze, datborvis saproeqto doneze dabla arsebuli mosapirkeTebeli masalebi datborvis SemTxvevaSi ar unda ziandebodes.

kedlisa da Weris mopirkeTeba klasificireba masalebi klasificirdeba alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis warmoqmnis Tvisebebis Sesabamisad, rac mowmdeba ASTM E 84-is Sesabamisad. amgvari Semowmeba awesebs standarts samSeneblo masalebis zedapiris wvis TaviseburebebisaTvis. masalebi Tavsdeba Sesamowmebel quraSi da eqceva kalibrirebuli zomis alisa da wvis zemoqmedebis qveS, alis gavrceleba da kvamlis warmoqmna aRiricxeba da standartuli Skalis mixedviT mieniWeba sidideebi. standartuli masala, romlis mixedviTac xdeba sxva masalebis alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis warmoqmnis Tvisebebis gazomva, aris wiTeli muxa.

Cveulebriv, rac ufro naklebia TiToeuli gazomvis miRebuli ricxvi, miT ufro nela vrceldeba ali da ufro naklebi kvamli warmoiqmneba. Semowmebis Semdeg masalebi klasificirdeba, rogorc A, B an C. $803.1 -Si mocemulia Semdegi klasebi:

alis gavrcelebis indeqsi

kvamlis ganviTarebis indeqsi

klasi A klasi B klasi C

0 - 25 26 - 75 76 - 200

0 - 450 0 - 450 0 - 450

gamonaklisis saxiT daSvebulia Sesabamisoba NFPA 286-Tan ASTM E 84-is nacvlad. es testi cnobilia, rogorc `oTaxis kuTxis~ saxanZro testi. bevri masala mowmdeba am standartuli testis gamoyenebiT, rac SeiZleba ukeT gviCvenebdes, rogor mimdinareobs es procesi adgilze, vidre ASTM-is tests SeuZlia gviCvenos. $803.2.1Si CamoTvlilia NFPA 286-is monacemebis gamoyenebis kriteriumebi. mosapirkeTebeli masalebis aucilebeli klasebi ganisazRvreba gamoyenebis mixedviT. Semdeg moTxovnebi yofs saSxefebeli sistemiT uzrunvelyofil da arauzrunvelyofil gamoyenebebs. da bolos, mosapirkeTebeli masalis gamoyenebas adgilis mixedviT, gasasvlelebSi, gasasvlelebTan misadgom farTobebze Tu oTaxebSi. 803.5 cxrilis Tanaxmad, saSxefebeli sistemiT arauzrunvelyofil SenobebSi mosapirkeTebeli masalebi ufro maRali klasisa unda iyos. aseve, gasasvleli bilikebis mosapirkeTebeli masalebi ufro maRali klasis unda iyos, vidre oTaxebis an gamoyenebuli sivrceebis. es gamomdinareobs kodis saerTo principidan, rom aqtiur xanZarsawinaaRmdego zomebs daematos pasuri zomebi da gasasvleli bilikebi ufro maRali standartebisa iyos, vidre gamoyenebuli oTaxebi.

803.5 cxrilis mixedviT, yvelaze SezRuduli alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis ganviTarebis klasificireba saWiroa: • gasasvlelebisTvis, gasasvleli bilikebisTvis, gasasvlelTan misadgomi derefnebisa da saavario gasasvlelis sxva komponentebisaTvis • jgufi A (TavSeyris), H (Zlieri safrTxis) da I (institucionaluri) gamoyenebebisaTvis

interieris kedlisa da Weris mosapirkeTebeli masalebisadmi moTxovnebi saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebSi saSxefebliani

jgufi

saSxefeblis gareSe

gasasvleli oTaxebi gasasvleli oTaxebi SemomzRudavebi da Semoz- SemomzRudavebi da Semozda gasasvleli derefnebi Ruduli da gasasvleli derefnebi Ruduli gzebi sivrceebi gzebi sivrceebi

B umaRlesi ganaTleba

B

C

C

A

B

C

E skolebi me-12 klasamde

B

C

C

A

B

C

E B dRiuri zrunva 2½ welze ufrosi

C

C

A

B

C

moTxovnebi saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebisaTvis naCvenebia cxrilSi marjvena mxares:

112 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

kedlisa da Weris mopirkeTeba gamoyeneba §803.4 aregulirebs masalebis gamoyenebas kedlebze an Werebze, romlebic unda iyos cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone an arawvadi konstruqcia. sadac masalebi aRniSnulze metadaa daSorebuli cecxlgamZle konstruqciisgan, mosapirkeTebeli masalebi unda iyos A klasis, garda im adgilebisa, sadac saSxefebebeli sistemebi icavs mosapirkeTebeli masalebis rogorc xilvad, ise damalul mxares.

• •

•

§803.3 iTxovs, mosapirkeTebeli masalebis kargad damagrebas, rom isini darCes adgilze minimum 30 wuTis manZilze 93°C temperaturis zemoqmedebis dros. §803.4-is mixedviT, kedlisa da Weris mosapirkeTebeli masalebi cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone an arawvad konstruqciaSi unda ganTavsdes pirdapir mis ukan mdebare masalaze, an ukan mdebare sivrce unda daigmanos araumcires 44,5 mm sisqis (siRrmis) Teqis zolebiT. Teqis zolebs Soris sivrce unda Seivsos cecxlgamZle araorganuli an A klasis masalebiT, an yovel 2438 mm-ze damontaJdes cecxldamblokveli.

•

alternativis saxiT, sadac mosapirkeTebeli masalebis distanciuri damontaJebaa ganzraxuli saSxefebeli sistemebis gareSe, unda gamoiyenebodes `A~ klasis masalebi, an arawvadi konstruqciis meore fena gamoyenebuli unda iyos kedlis asagebad da Semdeg, zemoT aRniSnuli wesiT, daiTbunos TeqiT, roca ar aris ganzraxuli orive mxaris uzrunvelyofa saSxefebeli sistemebiT.

•

seismurad aqtiuri zonebisaTvis unda SemuSavdes debulebebi, rom Sekidulma Werebma gauZlos amwev Zalasa da gverdiT moZraobas.

akustikuri Weris sistemebi §803.9 aregulirebs akustikuri filebisa da Casayenebel paneliani Weris sistemebis xarisxs, daproeqtrebas, awyobasa da damontaJebas. Sekiduli sistemebi unda akmayofilebdes saerTo sainJinro principebs vertikaluri da gverdiTi datvirTvis SesaZleblobebis TvalsazrisiT. akustikuri masalebi unda Seesabamebodes koeficientebis klasebs, romlebic mocemulia gamoyenebisa da konfiguraciisaTvis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciasTan mimarTebaSi, $803.4.2-is Sesabamisad. sadac Sekiduli Weris sistema cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone konstruqciis nawilia, asawyobi sistema unda damontaJdes Semowmebuli awyobili sistemis Sesabamisad da unda akmayofilebdes cecxlgamZleobis koeficientTan dakSvirebul moTxovnebs, romlebic mocemulia me-7 TavSi.

INTERIOR FINISHES / 113

interieris iatakis mopirkeTeba §804 exeba, ZiriTadad, rbil iatakebsa da iatakebisTvis gamoyenebul msgavs boWkovan masalebs. mosalodnelia iyos tradiciuli tipis iataki - rogoricaa xis masala, vinili, linoleumi an teraco. iatakebi unda klasificirdes or kategoriad, I an II klasad, NFPA 253-is saxanZro testis Sedegebidan gamomdinare. I klasis masalebi ufro gamZlea alis gavrcelebis TvalsazrisiT, vidre II klasis masalebi. amgvari Semowmebisas mowmdeba cecxlisa da kvamlis reaqcia awyobil iatakebze gamosxivebadi siTbos wyaros zemoqmedebisas. rbili iatakebi unda Semowmdes iseTi konfiguraciebis mixedviT, romelTa mixedviTac unda damontaJdes isini, maT Soris, maTi rbili Suasadebebi da webovanebi an damWerebi. iatakis masalebi unda SeirCes testis Sedegebis mixedviT. §804.4 aregulirebs interieris iatakis mopirkeTebas vertikalur gasasvlelebSi, gasasvlel bilikebze, gasasvlelTan misadgom derefnebsa da oTaxebSi, romlebic araa gamijnuli gasasvlelTan misadgomi derefnebisgan tixrebiT, romlebic vrceldeba iatakis qveda mxridan Weris qveda mxaremde. am pirobebSi mosapirkeTebelma masalebma unda gauZlos kritikuli gamosxivebis minimalur nakads, rogorc gansazRvrulia §804.4.1-Si. es masalebi unda iyos II klasis B da E jgufis gamoyenebebSi.

arsebobs debulebebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac daSvebulia xis iatakebis gamoyeneba I an II tipis SenobebSi. am pirobebSi xis iatakebi unda damontaJdes cecxldamblokveli Zelebis Tavze ise, rom damblokveli kedlebis qveS moeqces.

•

§805.1.1 aregulirebs Savi iatakis konstruqcias da krZalavs wvad Zelebsa da salursmneebs, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca sivrce cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone iatakis konstruqciasa da Sav iataks Soris Sevsebulia arawvadi masaliT an uzrunvelyofilia $717is Sesabamisi cecxladamblokveliT.

•

§805.1.2-is daSvebiT, xis iataki unda damagrdes pirdapir Camagrebul an cecxldamblokvel xis Zelebze, an unda dacementdes pirdapir cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciis zeda zedapirze an damagrdes xis Sav iatakze, romelic mimagrebulia Zelebze $805.1.1-is Sesabamisad. §805.1.1-s meore piroba krZalavs aseTi sivrceebis gavrcelebas mudmivi kedlebisa da tixarebis qveS an maTSi.

•

sayuradReboa, rom es nawili exeba yvela gamoyenebas da Semoaqvs erTi damatebiTi Semowmebis kriteriumi, savaWro departamentis FF-1 Pill testi (pirveladi moxmarebis produqtis usafrTxoebis komisia 16, federaluri regulaciebis kodi 1630-is Sesabamisad). es kriteriumi hgavs NFPA tests, magram naklebad mkacria. §805 exeba wvadi masalebis gamoyenebas I da II tipis konstruqciis iatakebze. amdenad, interieris iatakis mosapirkeTebeli masalebisadmi moTxovnebi efuZvneba gamoyenebas, konstruqciis tipsa da saSxefebeli sistemis gamoyenebas, da SeiZleba Sejamdes Semdegnairad:

•

saSxefeblebis gareSe

saSxefeblebiT

vertikaluri gasasvlelebi gasasvleli bilikebi yvela sxva farTobi gasasvlelTan misadgomi derefnebi

vertikaluri gasasvlelebi gasasvleli bilikebi yvela sxva farTobi gasasvlelTan misadgomi derefnebi

gamoyeneba

A, B, E

klasi II

FF-1

§804.4 ambobs, rom yvela sxva farTobi unda Seesabamebodes FF-1-s.

114 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

FF-1

FF-1

dekoraciebi da morTuloba §806 aregulirebs Werebidan an kedlebidan CamoSvebuli dekoratiuli masalebis cecxlgamZleobas A, E, I, R-1 da R-2 gamoyenebis saerTo saZinebel oTaxebSi. dekoratiuli masalebi, rogorebicaa: fardebi, qsovilebi da sakidebi, unda iyos almedegi NFPA 701-is Sesabamisad an unda iyos arawvadi. fiqsirebuli an moZravi kedlebi da tixrebi, kedeli da qsovilis safari, da akustikuri panelebi unda CaiTvalos interieris mosapirkeTebel masalad, Tu isini faravs kedlis an Weris farTobis 10%-ze mets da ar unda iqnas miCneuli dekoratiul masalebad an morTulobad. amdenad, interieris mopirkeTebis wesebi exeba amgvar farTobebs.

•

arawvadi gaformebisa da dekoraciebis raodenoba ar izRudeba. almedegi wvadi masalebi izRudeba kedlebis an iatakebisa da Werebis gaerTianebuli farTobis 10%-mde.

•

A jgufis gamoyenebis auditoriebSi, romlebic aRWurvilia saSxefebeli sistemiT, almedegi dekoratiuli masalebis odenoba ar unda aRematebodes kedlebisa da Weris gaerTianebuli farTobis 50%-s, $806.1.2-is gamonaklisis mixedviT. logikuria, es kriteriumebi gamoviyenoT TavSeyris gamoyenebebTan E jgufis skolis SenobebSi, miuxedavad imisa, A gamoyenebis klasSi Sedian isini Tu E gamoyenebis klasSi.

§806.1 aseve iTxovs, rom B an M jgufis gamoyenebebSi, Weridan CamoSvebuli qsovilis tixrebi, romlebic ar eyrdnoba iataks, akmayofilebdes NFPA 701-is alis gavrcelebis kriteriumebs an iyos arawvadi. §806.1.2-is me-2 gamonaklisis daSvebiT, aseTi qsovilis tixrebis zoma SeuzRudavia B an M jgufis gamoyenebebSi. §806.5 moiTxovs, rom interieris yvela gaformebas, garda qafplastisa, hqondes minimum C klasis alis gavrcelebisa da kvamlis ganviTarebis indeqsebi (FS = 76-200 da S-D = 0-450, §803.1-is Sesabamisad). wvadi gaformebis odenoba, garda moajirebisa da damcavebisa, SeiZleba ar aRematebodes kedlis an Weris erTiani farTobis 10%-s.

•

miuxedavad imisa, rom am winadadebaSi damakavSirebeli sityva aris `an nacvlad~, sayuradReboa, rom $806.1.2Si gamoyenebulia sityva `erTiani~, romelic gulisxmobs, rom standarti exeba kedlebisa da Werebis farTobebs, aRebuls erTad. amdenad, morTulobis farTobi jamSi ar unda aRematebodes kedlebisa da Werebis mTliani farTobebis 10%-s.

INTERIOR FINISHES / 115

9 cecxlisagan damcavi sistemebi rogorc me-7 TavSi vnaxeT, kodi aRiarebs cecxlisagan damcavi aqtiuri sistemebis efeqtianobas. kodis bevr nawilSi avtomatur saSxefebel sistemasTan dakavSirebuli debulebis Tanaxmad daSvebulia pasiuri cecxlgamZleobis mqone alternatiuli saSualebebi. kodi aseve moiTxovs, rom aqtiuri sistemebi damontaJdes SenobebSi garkveul simaRleze, mosargebleTa garkveuli datvirTvisas da garkveul gamoyenebebSi, sadac aucilebelia mosargebleTa meti dacva. amgvarad, kodi aRiarebs aqtiuri sistemebis efeqtianobas cecxlisagan damcav pasiur sistemebTan erTad, rac uzrunvelyofs balansirebul midgomas saxanZro da Senobis mosargebleTa sicocxlis usafrTxoebisadmi. aqtiuri sistemebi, gansakuTrebiT cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemebi, Zalian efeqturia, magram SeiZleba Seuwydes wylis miwodeba, Tu uzrunvelyofili araa saavario wyalmomarageba sarezervo sadawneo sistemebis saSualebiT. amavdroulad, pasiuri sistemebi gamodis wyobidan konstruqciis dazianebis, cudi movlis, gadakeTebis, samagrebis moSvebis, seismo an atmosferuli SemTxvevebisgan da Senobis gamoyenebis gamo dazianebis Sedegad. saukeTeso proeqtebi ar eyrdnoba sistemebis mxolod erT jgufs cecxlisagan dacvis uzrunvelsayofad, aramed iyenebs erTian midgomas maqsimaluri dacvis uzrunvelsayofad.

Cven SevexebiT im aqtiur sistemebs, romlebic yvelaze efeqtianad SeiZleba integrirdnen cecxlgamZleobis pasiur strategiebTan. umTavresi sistemebia cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxebebeli sistemebi, saxanZro gangaSis da aRmomCeni sistemebi, kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi da kvamlisa da simxurvalis gasawovi arxebi. zogierTi sistema reagirebs safrTxeze gansazRvruli qmedebebis saSualebiT, romlebic proeqtdeba cecxlis Casaqrobad an mosargeblis usafrTxoebisa da gasvlisaTvis. sxva sistemebi, rogorebicaa: saxanZro gangaSis sistemebi, cecxlsaqrobebi da wyalsawnevi sistemebi, uzrunvelyofs Setyobinebas gasvlisaTvis an damxmare xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSualebebs saxanZro samsaxurisaTvis. kodis moTxovniT, isini unda ganTavsdes garkveul gamoyenebebSi, magram, Cveulebriv, ar rTavs nebas, alternatiul saproeqto gadawyvetebis saSualebiT maT dabalansebul gamoyenebas.

cecxlisagan damcavi sistemebi cecxlwinaaRmdego sistemebi

saSxebebeli

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebis daproeqteba da damontaJeba, Cveulebriv, regulirdeba wesebiT, romelic dawesebulia NFPA-s mier da gamoqveynebulia NFPA 13-is saxiT. avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema proeqtdeba ise, rom reagirebdes cecxlze, cecxlis an siTbos/simxurvalis Sedegad saSxefeblis Tavebis gaaqtiurebisas. sistemebi ise proeqtdeba, rom amuSavdes da funqcionirebdes Senobis mosargebleTa Carevis gareSe. cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxebebeli sistemebis, rogorc cecxlsaqrobi meqanizmebis gamoyenebas kargi Sedegi aqvs da maTi gamoyeneba aucilebladaa miCneuli ufro da ufro met SemTxvevebSi samodelo kodebis yovel axal gamocemaSi.

118 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

cecxlisagan damcavi sistemebi Sedgeba:

•

aRmomCeni sistemebisgan, romlebic mgrZnobiareni arian siTbos/simxurvalis, cecxlis an kvamlis (wvis nawilakebis) mimarT da aaqtiureben Sesabamis gangaSs.

•

gangaSis sistemebisagan, romlebic afrTxileben mosargebleebs SenobaSi avariuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb smenis, xedvis an, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, Sexebis SegrZnebiT.

•

avtomaturi cecxlsaqrobi an saSxefebeli sistemebisagan, romlebic aqtiurdeba cecxlis simxurvaliT da uSvebs daSvebul cecxlsaqrob nivTierebas an wyals cecxlisgan dacul farTobze cecxlis Caqrobis an kontrolis mizniT.

•

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi Sedgeba Sesabamisi wyalmomaragebis sistemis miwisqveSa da dakiduli milebisgan, romlebic uerTdeba avtomatur saSxefeblebs imgvarad, rom uzrunvelyos wlis Tanabari miwodeba. cecxlis simxurvalis Sedegad gaaqtiurebisas, sistemebi uSvebs wyals cecxlisgan dacul farTobze.

•

cecxlisagan damcavi sistema SeiZleba aseve moicavdes mowyobilobebs kvamlis an cecxlis wvis produqtebis sakontrolod an samarTavad.

cecxlisagan damcavi sistemebi am nawilis Sesabamisad, avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi saWiroa sxvadasxva gamoyenebebisaTvis. es moTxovnvebi emyareba ramdenime faqtors:

• • • •

gamoyenebis tipi mosargebleTa datvirTva gamoyenebuli sivrcis farTobi saxanZro samsaxurisaTvis Znelad misadgomi an Znelad Sesasvleli adgilebi

moTxovnebi CamoTvlilia gamoyenebis jgufis mixedviT. avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema SeiZleba aucilebeli iyos:

•

mTel SenobaSi, kodis moTxovnis gamo

an imisaTvis, rom saSxefebeli sistema gamoyenebulia sxva pasiuri cecxlisagan damcavis sanacvlod.

•

mTel cecxlisagan dacul farTobze, romelic SeiZleba aRematebodes

garkveul zomas an mosargebleTa datvirTvas, an romelic mdebareobs Senobis specifikur nawilSi.

•

•

§702.1-Si mocemuli ganmartebis Tanax-mad, cecxlisagan daculi farTobebi SemozRuduli da SemosazRvrulia xanZarsawinaaRmdego kedlebiT, xanZarsawinaaRmdego barierebiT, eqsterieris kedlebiT an cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti mqone horizontaluri awyobili sistemebiT. specifikuri daniSnulebis oTaxebSi an farTobebze specifikuri safrTxisagan dasacavad

sayuradReboa aseve, rom Senobis simaRleebisa da farTobebis gazrda me-5 Tavis (debulebebi saSxefebeli sistemebisaTvis) daSvebis Sesabamisad gamoiyeneba mxolod im sistemebTan, romlebic avtomaturia da damontaJebulia mTel SenobaSi. $903.2-Si gansazRvrul moTxovnebTan erTad, sasargeblo miTiTebaa 903.2.13 cxrilSi saSxefebel sistemasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebze, romlebic kodis sxva TavebSia mocemuli.

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 119

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi jgufi A: §903.2.1 moiTxovs, rom avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema damontaJdes qvemoT CamoTvlili pirobebidan romelimes arsebobis SemTxvevaSi:

120 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

mTel iatakze, sadac mdebareobs A jgufis gamoyeneba

•

da yvela iatakze A jgufis gamoyenebasa da A jgufis gamoyenebisaTvis gankuTvnili Senobidan gareT gasasvlelis dones Soris

•

sayuradReboa, rom farTobisa da gamoyenebis zRvrebi exeba cecxlisagan dacul mTel farTobs da ara mxolod TiToeuli TavSeyris oTaxis farTobsa da gamoyenebas.

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi sayuradReboa, rom nebismieri Semdegi A jgufis gamoyenebisTvis nebismieri specifikuri mdgomareoba iwvevs saSxebebeli sistemebisadmi moTxovnebis aucileblobas. $903.2 -is moTxovnebia:

•

1.

2.

> 300 mosargeble

3.

4.

• •

cecxlisagan daculi farTobi aRemateba 1115 m2-s A-1, A-3, da A-4 jgufis gamoyenebebisaTvis, an 465 m2-s A-2 jgufis gamoyenebebisaTvis.

1.

2.

3.

• > 300 1.

2.

3.

A-1: mTeli cecxlisagan daculi farTobi moicavs A-1 jgufis gamoyenebs, roca arsebobs Semdegi pirobebidan erT-erTi: cecxlisagan daculi farTobi aRemateba 1115 m2-s. cecxlisagan daculi farTobis mosargebleTa datvirTva 300 an metia. cecxlisagan daculi farTobi mdebareobs iatakze, romelic ar mdebareobs Senobidan gareT gasasvlelis doneze. cecxlisagan daculi farTobi Seicavs ramdenime darbaziani Teatris kompleqss.

A-2: mTeli cecxlisagan daculi farTobi moicavs A-2 jgufis gamoyenebebs, roca arsebobs Semdegi pirobebidan erT-erTi: cecxlisagan daculi farTobi aRemateba 465 m2-s. cecxlisagan daculi farTobis mosargebleTa datvirTva 300 an metia. cecxlisagan daculi farTobi mdebareobs iatakze, romelic ar mdebareobs Senobidan gasasvlelis doneze.

A-3: mTeli cecxlisagan daculi farTobi moicavs A-3 jgufis gamoyenebebs, roca arsebobs Semdegi pirobebidan erT-erTi: cecxlisagan daculi farTobi aRemateba 1115 m2-s. cecxlisagan daculi farTobis mosargebleTa datvirTva 300 an metia. cecxlisagan daculi farTobi mdebareobs iatakze, romelic ar mdebareobs Senobidan gasasvlelis doneze.

• •

A jgufis gamoyenebebSi cecxlisagan daculi saerTo farTobisaTvis saSxefeblis zRvari aris mosargebleTa datvirTva 100 an meti A-2 gamoyenebisTvis da mosargebleTa datviTva 300 an meti A-1, A-3 da A-4 gamoyenebebisTvis.

A-2

A-1, A-3, A-4

A-4: mTeli cecxlisagan daculi farTobi moicavs A-4 jgufis gamoyenebebs, roca arsebobs Semdegi pirobebidan erT-erTi: 1. cecxlisagan daculi farTobi aRemateba 1115 m2-s.

2. cecxlisagan daculi farTobis mosargebleTa datvirTva 300 an metia.

3. cecxlisagan daculi farTobi mdebareobs iatakze, romelic ar mdebareobs Senobidan gasasvlelis doneze.

•

A-5: saSxefebeli sistema A-5 gamoyenebebSi unda ganTavsdes gasaxdelebSi, sacalo vaWrobis farTobebze, mediasaSualebebis warmomadgenelTaTvis gankuTvnil adgilebze da sxva damxmare sargeblobis farTobebze, romlebic aRemateba 93 m2-s, rogoricaa, magaliTad gadauxuravi stadionebi.

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 121

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi

122 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

jgufi E: §903.2.2 iTxovs saSxefebel sistemas E jgufis gamoyenebebSi Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:

•

mTeli E jgufis cecxlisagan dacul farTobebze, romlebic aRemateba 1858 m2-s.

•

saganmanaTleblo Senobebis yvela im nawilSi mTlianad, romlebic Senobidan gareT gasasvlelis doneze qvemoTaa. • es SeiZleba exebodes Senobebs qanobiani gruntis adgilebSi da Senobebs, romelTac sruli an nawilobrivi fuZis sarTuli aqvT.

•

arsebobs gamonaklisi, romlis daSvebiTac amgvar Senobebs ar sWirdeba saSxefebeli sistema, roca mTel SenobaSi yvela saklaso oTaxs aqvs minimum erTi gareT gasasvleli kari gruntis doneze.

• sayuradReboa, rom termini `gruntis done~ ar aris kodSi ganmartebuli, magram gamoiyeneba bevr sxva ganmartebaSi iseTi cnebebis aRsaniSnavad, rogorcaa `nulovani niSnuli~.

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi

• • • •

jgufi S-1: §903.2.8 iTxovs yvela Senoba mTlianad aRiWurvos avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT : sadac S-1 cecxlisagan daculi farTobi aRemateba 1115 m2-s, an sadac Senobis simaRle sam sarTuls aRemateba, an sadac yvela iatakis, maT Soris, antresolebis, cecxlisagan daculi gaerTianebuli farTobi aRemateba 2230 m2-s.

•

jgufi S-2: §903.2.9 iTxovs avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemis arsebobas mTel SenobaSi, romelic klasificirebulia, rogorc avtosadgomi garaJi, $406.4-is Sesabamisad, an sadac S-2 gamoyenebebi mdebareobs sxva gamoyenebis jgufebis qvemoT.

•

SemozRuduli avtosadgomi garaJebis arseboba mosalodnelia R-3 jgufis erTi an ori ojaxisaTvis gankuTvnili sacxovreblebis an saxlebis rigis qvemoT, romlebic agebulia saerTaSoriso sacxovrebeli kodis Sesabamisad.

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 123

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi §903.2.10.1 iTxovs, rom R-3 da U gamoyenebebisagan gansxvavebul SenobebSi, saSxebebeli sistemebi unda iyos gruntis zedapiris qvemoT mdebare iatakebze an SezRuduli saxanZro misadgomis mqone iatakebze. nebismieri iatakis farTobi, romelic aRemateba 139.4 m2-s, uzrunvelyofili unda iyos qvemoT aRniSnuli eqsterieris kedlis Riobis romelime tipiT, an avtomaturi saSxebebeli sistemebi unda damontaJdes sarTulze an fuZis sarTulze.

15 240 mm

1. gruntis zedapirs qvemoT mdebare Riobebi unda gadiodes pirdapir miwispira sarTulze kibis an pandusis saSualebiT. Riobebi unda iyos sivrcis minimum erT mxares araumetes 15 240 mm-is daSorebebiT. 2. momijnave gruntis donis maRla, eqsterieris kedlis yovel 15 240 xazovan mm-ze unda ganTavsdes jamSi 1,86 m2 farTobis Riobebi.

762 mm zeviT

an

•

Riobebis minimaluri gabariti unda iyos 762 mm da misadgomi unda iyos saxanZro samsaxurisaTvis, cecxlis Caqrobis an samaSvelo samuSaoebis warmoebis mizniT.

•

sadac Riobebi sarTulis mxolod erT mxaresaa da mopirdapire kedeli 22 860 mm-iTaa daSorebuli aseTi Riobidan, sarTuli unda aRiWurvos avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT, an pirvel da meore punqtebSi aRwerili Riobebi unda ganTavsdes sarTulis minimum or mxares.

•

sadac fuZis sarTulis nebismieri nawili (Tundac zemoT aRniSnuli RiobebiT) 22 860 mm-ze metadaa daSorebuli §903.2.10.1-Si moTxovnili Riobebidan, fuZis sarTuli unda aRiWurvos avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT.

> 22 860 mm

>2 28 60 mm

124 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi

§903.2.10.3 iTxovs, rom avtomaturi cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxebebeli sistemebi damontaJdes mTel SenobaSi, romlis gamoyenebuli iatakis mosargebleTa datvirTva 30 an metia da romelic 16 764 mm-iT an metiT maRla mdebareobs saxanZro manqanis misadgomi yvelaze dabali donidan. amdenad, nebismieri Senoba, romelic saSualo simaRlis nagebobaze maRalia, uzrunvelyofili unda iyos saSxebebeli sistemebiT, Tundac ar iTvlebodes maRliv Senobad, $403-is mixedviT.

≥ 16 764 mm

•

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 125

wyalsawnevi sistemebi §905 Seicavs moTxovnebs wyalsawnevi sistemis dasamontaJeblad. wyalsawnevi sistemebi Senobis mTel simaRleze ganTavsebuli permanentuli milebia, romelTac aqvT Slangis misaerTeblebi interierSi cecxlis Casaqrobad. $902.1-Si, Slangis misaerTeblebis mixedviT, wyalsawnevi sistemebi klasificirdeba, rogorc I, II an III klasis.

• I klasis wyalsawnevebi uzrunvelyofs did, 64 mm Slangis misaerTeblebs mexanZreTa mier gamoyenebisaTvis, romelTac ician wylis Zlieri Wavlis gamoyeneba, rasac es misaerTeblebi uzrunvelyofs.

• II klasis wyalsawnevebi uzrunvelyofs 38 mm Slangis misaerTeblebs, romlebic naklebi moculobisa da wnevis Wavls awvdian da maTi gamoyeneba SeuZliaT specialuri codnis armqone Senobis mosargebleebs an pirveladi daxmarebis gamwevebs SenobaSi cecxlis Caqrobis mizniT. • III klasis wyalsawnevebi uzrunvelyofs orive zomis misaerTeblebTan misadgoms da maTi gamoyeneba SeuZliaT rogorc Senobis mosargebleebs, ise mexanZreebs, maTi codnisa da unaris Sesabamisad.

• wyalsawnevebs unda hqondes daSvebuli standartuli samagrebi Slangis misaerTeblebisaTvis, romlebic saxanZro samsaxuris Slangebis samagrebTan Tavsebadia. es misaerTeblebi damowmebuli da daSvebuli unda iyos Sesabamisi uflebamosili organos mier.

klasi I klasi II

wyalsawnevebs xSirad uwodeben saxanZro dgarebs. termini aseve gamoiyeneba cecxlsawinaaRmdego saSxebebeli sistemebis wyalmomaragebis vertikaluri milebis mimarT. gaugebrobis Tavidan asacileblad, unda ganisazRvros, romel milebs gulisxmobs es termini. dasaSvebia wyalsawnevebis kombinireba avtomatur saSxefebel sistemebTan. amdenad, erTi dgari SeiZleba moemsaxuros saSxefebel sistemasac da Slangis misaerTeblebsac. Tumca, aseTi dgaris diametri ufro didi unda iyos, vidre ori damoukidebeli milisa, radgan man unda daakmayofilos rogorc saSxefebeli, ise Slangis misaerTebeli sistemebis moTxovnebi.

Cveulebriv, sistemebi kombinirebulia erT dgarad, miuxedavad didi diametrisa, SenobaSi misi ganTavseba ufro advilia, vidre ori aseTi dgarisa.

klasi III

wyalsawnevebis tipebi klasificirdeba, rogorc sveli an mSrali da avtomaaturi an xeliT samarTavi. mSral wyalsawnevebSi aris haeri, romelsac gamodevnis wyali gamoyenebis dros. svel wyalsawnevebSi yovelTvis aris wyali. maTi gamoyeneba xSirad ganisazRvreba mdebareobis mixedviT. magaliTad, mSrali wyalsawnevebi SeiZleba iyos Ria baqnebze civi klimatis mqone adgilebSi, sadac wyali gaiyineboda. klasificirebis mixedviT, avtomaturi wyalsawnevebis wyalmomarageba unda akmayofilebdes sistemis moTxovnas. xeliT samarTavi wyalsawnevebi damokidebulia damatebiT wnevasa da wyalmomaragebaze, rom uzrunvelyos moTxovna. wyalsawnevisaTvis damatebiTi wyalmomarageba, Cveulebriv, xorcieldeba saxanZro samsaxuris tumboiani manqanis wyalsawnevTan mierTebiT.

•

wylis wneva wyalsawnevi an saSxefebeli sistemisaTvis SeiZleba uzrunvelyofili iyos municipaluri magistraluri wyalsadeniT an tumboiani manqaniT, forsirebuli saxanZro tumbos saSualebiT an Senobis Tavze mdebare wylis avziT.

126 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

i mag

st

ra

r lu

iw

ya

ad ls

en

i

wyalsawnevi sistemebi montaJis aucilebloba wyalsawnevisadmi moTxovnebis gansazRvra damokidebulia Senobis simaRleze, gamoyenebis tipze, saSxebebeli sistemebis uzrunvelyofaze da Senobis farTobze. ยง905.3.1 iTxovs, rom Senobebs, romelTa iatakis done 9144 mm-iT maRla an dablaa saxanZro manqanis misadgom yvelaze dabal donesTan SedarebiT, unda hqondeT III tipis wyalsawnevebi. ยง905.3.1-is gamonaklisebia: 1. I klasis wyalsawnevebi dasaSvebia SenobebSi, romlebic mTlianadaa aRWurvili saSxebebeli sistemebiT. 2. I klasis xeliT samarTavi wyalsawnevebi daSvebulia Ria avtosadgom garaJebSi, sadac yvelaze maRali iataki mdebareobs saxanZro manqanis misadgomi yvelaze dabali donidan araumetes 45 720 mm-ze.

3. I klasis xeliT samarTavi wyalsawnevebi dasaSvebia Ria avtosadgom garaJebSi, sadac zemoqmedebs yinva, Tu wyalsawnevi sistemebi akmayofilebs ยง905.5-Si mocemul kriteriumebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia daSorebasa da mdebareobasTan. 4. I klasis wyalsawnevebi dasaSvebia fuZis sarTulebSi, sadac aris avtomaturi saSxebebeli sistemebi.

5. saxanZro manqanis misadgomi yvelaze dabali donis gansazRvrisas aucilebeli ar aris oTxi an naklebi satransporto saSualebisaTvis gankuTvnili satvirTo baqnebis da topografiuli pirobebis gaTvaliswineba, rac arTulebs an SeuZlebels xdis saxanZro manqanis midgomas. ยง905.3.5 iTxovs I klasis avtomaturi sveli an xeliT samarTavi wyalsawnevebis uzrunvelyofas yvela miwisqveSa SenobaSi.

wyalsawnevis mdebareobebi sxvadasxva klasis wyalsawnevisaTvis aRwerilia Slangis misaerTeblebis mdebareobebi. III klasis wyalsawnevebi, romelTac danarCeni orive klasis komponentebi aqvs, unda Seesabamebodes regulaciebis orive nakrebs.

I klasis wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTebeli $905.4 moiTxovs I klasis wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTeblebis arsebobas Semdeg adgilebSi:

30 48 0m m 91 44 mm

1. Slangis misaerTebeli unda mdebareobdes yvela aucilebel kibeze. Slangis misaerTeblebi unda ganTavsdes kibeze, iatakebs Soris Sualedur doneze, gruntis zedapiris zemoT da qvemoT mdebare TiToeuli sarTulis doneze.

2. horizontalur gasasvlelSi, gasasvlelis Riobis momijnave kedlis TiToeul mxares, garda im SemTxvevisa Tu mosazRvre gasasvlel kibeze mdebare Slangis misaerTeblidan 30 480 mm sigrZis Slangi 9144 mm wylis nakadiT wvdeba horizontaluri gasasvlelis momijnave iatakis farTobebamde.

3. yvela gasasvlel bilikze gasasvleli bilikidan Senobis sxva farTobebze SesasvlelTan. (CamonaTvalis gagrZeleba ixileT 128-e gverdze).

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 127

wyalsawnevi sistemebi I klasis wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTebeli (CamonaTvalis gagrZeleba 127-e gverdidan).

4. sadac saxuravis qanobi 33,3%-ze naklebia, TiToeul wyalsawnevs unda hqondes misaerTebeli saxuravze an kibis yvelaze maRal baqanze, sadac saxuravTan misadgomia. misaerTebeli aseve unda iyos hidravlikuri wyalsawnevi sistemis yvelaze moSorebul adgilas, Semowmebis mizniT.

5. mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemi uflebamosilia, moiTxovos damatebiTi Slangis misaerTeblebi, sadac saSxebebeli sistemebis armqone Senobis nawili Slangis misaerTeblidan 45 720 mm-ze metadaa daSorebuli, an saSxebebeli sistemebis mqone Senobis nawili Slangis misaerTeblidan 60 960 mm-ze metadaa daSorebuli. roca I klasis wyalsawnevebis dgarebi da ganStoebebi ar mdebareobs SemozRudul kibeebze an iseT SemozRudul adgilebSi, sadac iqmneba wneva, $905.4.1-is moTxovniT, cecxlgamZle masalebiT dasacavi milebi iseTive unda iyos, rogoric vertikaluri SemozRudul adgilebSi. ganStoebebs ar sWirdeba dacva mTlianad saSxebebeli sistemebiT aRWurvil SenobebSi.

128 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

wyalsawnevis adgilmdebareobebi II tipis wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTeblebi sadac II klasis wyalsawnevebia saWiro, $905.5-is moTxovniT, wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTeblebi ise unda ganTavsdes, rom Senobis yvela nawili moeqces 9144 mm-is farglebSi 30 480 mm Slangze mimagrebuli frqvevanidan.

914 4m m

• •

II klasis wyalsawnevis ganStoebebsa da dgarebs ar sWirdeba cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone damcavi. mcire safrTxis Semcvel gamoyenebebSi, II klasis sistemebis Slangebi unda iyos minimum 25,4 mm, rodesac daSvebulia mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemis mier.

III tipis wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTeblebi gansazRvrebis mixedviT, III klasis wyalsawnevis Slangis misaerTeblebs aqvs rogorc I, ise II klasis Slangis misaerTeblebi. amdenad, $905.6 gadamisamarTebulia $905.4-Tan, I klasis misaerTeblebis mdebareobisaTvis da $905.5-Tan II klasis Slangis misaerTeblebisaTvis. ganStoebebi da dgarebi daculi unda iyos I klasis sistemebiT, $905.4.1-is Sesabamisad. sadac erTze meti III klasis wyalsawnevia, isini hidravlikurad unda mierTdes erTmaneTTan qveda nawilSi, ZirTan.

A-1 da A-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, sadac mosargebleTa datvirTva 1 000 -ze metia, Slangis misaerTeblebi unda ganTavsdes

• • • •

nebismieri scenis yvela mxares auditoriis ukan yvela mxares nebismieri aivnis yvela mxares gasaxdelebis yvela iarusze.

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 129

saxanZro gangaSis da cecxlis aRmomCeni sistemebi saxanZro gangaSi aris xmovani da vizualuri meqanizmi, romelic sagangebo situaciisas afrTxilebs mosargebleebsa da maSvelebs. aRmomCeni aris avtomaturi meqanizmi, romelic, Cveulebriv, gamoscems gangaSis xmovan an vizualur signalebs da afrTxilebs mosargebleebs, aseve, aaqtiurebs iseT sistemebs, rogorebicaa: saSxebebeli sistemebi, kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi an gaTbobis, ventilaciisa da haeris kondensirebis agregatebis makontroleblebi. sistemebi, romlebic Senobis mosargebleebs atyobineben avariuli/sagangebo mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, SeiZleba gaaqtiurdes xeliT an avtomaturad. kodis moTxovniT, sxvadasxva tipis Senobebsa da gamoyenebebSi, gansxvavebuli tipis gangaSisa da aRmomCenis meqanizmebi unda iyos. roca Senoba aRWurvilia saSxefebeli sistemebiT da saSxebebeli sistemebi mierTebulia gangaSis sistemasTan, avtomaturi TboaRmomCeni saWiro aRar aris. saSxefeblebs aaqtiurebs siTbo/simxurvale da, amdenad, isini Tavad arian TboaRmomCenebi. cecxlis aRmomCenebi, imavdroulad, unda iyos kvamlis aRmomCenebic, garda iseTi farTobebisa, rogoricaa boileris oTaxebi, sadac wvis produqtebi gamoiwvevs kvamlis aRmomCenebis gaTiSvas. aseT oTaxebSi alternatiuli tipis cecxlis aRmomCenebi unda gamoviyenoT. gangaSis meqanizmebi unda Seesabamebodes NFPA 72-s.

•

siTbosa/simxurvalisa da kvamlis aRmomCeni

kodi gvTavazobs alternativebs xeliT gaaqtiurebad gangaSis sistemebsa da avtomatur aRmomCen sistemebs Soris garkveul pirobebSi. arsebobs SemTxvevebi, roca xeliT gaaqtiurebadma gangaSis sistemam SeiZleba gamoiwvios didi raodenobiT cru gangaSi, amdenad, sasurvelia avtomaturi aRmomCenis damontaJeba.

• detaluri moTxovnebi dajgufebulia gamoyenebis an sargeblobis mixedviT. qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi gansazRvrulia saerTo moTxovnebi; aq ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli situaciebisas warmoqmnili yvela niuansi.

gangaSis xmovani da vizualuri signalebi

130 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

avtomaturi saSxefebeli, kvamlis sakontrolo an gaTbobis, ventilaciisa da haeris kondensirebis sistemis CarTva

saxanZro gangaSis da cecxlis aRmomCeni sistemebi nawili gamoyeneba an mosargebleTa meqanizmis tipi 907.2.Ă&#x2014; Senobis tipi datvirTva an piroba .1

A

>300

xeliT marTvadi saxanZro gangaSi

.1.1

A

>1,000

xmovani/gangaSi

.2

B

.3

E

>500, an >100 Senobidan gasasvlelis zemoT/qvemoT >50

xeliT marTvadi saxanZro gangaSi

gamonaklisebi

saWiro ar aris sprinklerebisa da w/ wylis dinebis gangaSis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi

SeniSvnebi

TavSeyris mizniT gamoyenebuli E jgufis farTobebi unda akmayofilebdes E jgufis moTxovnebs gangaSi saavario eleqtromomaragebaze

saWiro ar aris sprinklerebisa da w/wylis dinebis gangaSis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi

xeliT marTvadi saxanZro gangaSi aucilebelia. Tu damontaJebulia sprinklerebi an kvamlis aRmomCenebi, es sistemebi unda miuerTdes Senobis saxanZro gangaSis sistemas.

1. E jgufis gamoyenebebi, sadac mosargebleTa datvirTva 50-ze naklebia 2. roca arsebobs yvela qvemoT CamoTvlili piroba: 2.1 interieris derefnebSi aris kvamlis aRmomCenebi gangaSis meqanizmiT 2.2 E TavSeyris farTobebs, rogoricaa auditoriebi da kafeteriebi, aqvT TboaRmomCenebi an sxva arsebobs uamravi nebadarTuli meqanizmebi gamonaklisi, sadac 2.3 mtvris an orTqlis datvirTvis xeliT marTvadi mqone maRaziebsa da saxanZro gangaSis laboratoriebSi aris TboaRmomCenebi sistemebi saWiro an sxva nebadarTuli meqanizmebi ar aris. xSirad 2.4 Senobebze garedan xorcieldeba klientebi Tavs monitoringi (zedamxedveloba) arideben xeliT 2.5 saevakuacio signalis marTvadi saxanZro gaaqtiureba SesaZlebelia gangaSis sistemebis (skolis Senobis) centraluri dayenebas E jgufis wertilidan gamoyenebebSi, 2.6 Cveulebrivi datvirTvis radgan isini sivrceebSi uzrunvelyofilia xSirad cru ormxrivi sakomunikacio gangaSs texen. sistema, romelic akavSirebs am am sivrceebsa da sadgurs, sadac mudmivad aris personali personali da saidanac SeiZleba SeiZleba saevakuacio signalis gaSveba 3. Senobas aqvs avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistema, romlis gaaqtiurebiT irTveba Setyobinebis aparatebi da xeliT gaaqtiureba SesaZlebelia, Cveulebriv, gamoyenebuli sivrcidan (rogorc mocemulia zemoT 2.5 punqtSi)

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 131

saxanZro gangaSis da cecxlis aRmomCeni sistemebi nawili gamoyeneba an mosargebleTa meqanizmis tipi 907.2.ร Senobis tipi datvirTva an piroba .12.1

maRlivi Senobebi

avtomaturi gangaSi, kvamlis aRmomCenebi

.12.2

maRlivi Senobebi

saavario xmovani/gangaSis sakomunikacio sistema

.12.3

maRlivi Senobebi

saxanZro samsaxurTan komunikacia

.13

2 an meti sarTulis SemaerTebeli atriumi

gamonaklisebi

I-1da I-2 gamoyenebebSi gangaSis signali unda ismodes farTobze, sadac mosargebleebi mudmivad imyofebian da maTTvis saerTo Setyobinebis miwodeba xorcieldeba xmovani peijinguri sistemiT

SeniSvnebi

xmovani/gangaSis sistema da kvamlis aRmomCenebi: 1. meqanikur, eleqtro, liftis mowyobilobebis oTaxebSi, liftis vestibiulebSi 2. mTavari haerSemomtani da haergamwovi gaTbobis, ventilaciis da kondecirebis sistemasTan sistemiT 3. vertikaluri arxebis dgarebi >2 sarTuli aRmomCenis, cecxlis nakadis an xelis dawoliT marTvadi sadguris gaaqtiurebisas CairTveba signali da gaaqtiurdeba gangaSis instruqciebi saerTaSoriso saxanZro kodis Sesabamisad: 1. liftis vestibiulebSi 2. derefnebSi 3. >93 m2 farTobis oTaxebSi/saijaro sivrceebSi 4. R-2 gamoyenebebis sacxovrebel erTeulebSi 5. R-2 gamoyenebebis sastumro oTaxebSi 6. TavSesafar farTobebze, am kodis Sesabamisad

saxanZro samsaxuris nebarTvis SemTxvevaSi, ormxrivi sakomunikacio sistemis nacvlad SeiZleba saxanZro samsaxuris radioebis gamoyeneba

saxanZro samsaxurTan ormxrivi komunikacia, NFPA 72-is Sesabamisad, centralur sadgursa da liftebs, liftis vestibiulebs, saavario eleqtomomaragebis oTaxebs, saxanZro tumboebis oTaxebs, TavSesafris ifarTobebsa da SemozRuduli kibeebis SigniT yvela iataks Soris

ยง907.6-is Sesabamisi saxanZro gangaSi, romelic aqtiurdeba avtomaturi gangaSis, cecxlis an xeliT marTvadi gangaSis saSualebiT

saavario xmovani/gangaSis sistema A,E an M gamoyenebebSi, ยง907.2.12.2-is Sesabamisad

.15

gasasvlelebis Caketvis SeCereba

avtomaturi kvamlis an siTbos aRmomCeni sistemebi

roca meqanizmebi damontaJebulia, me-10 Tavis Sesabamisad

.18

miwisqveSa Senobebi kvamlis gamwoviT

avtomaturi

maRlivi Senobebis msgavsi pirobebi; aseve kvamlis gamwovi gaaqtiureba aaqtiurebs xmovan gangaSs iseT adgilas, sadac adamianebi imyofebian

.19

miwisqveSa Senobebi >60 yvelaze dabal doneze arsebuli Senobidan gasasvlelis qvemoT

xeliT marTvadi saxanZro gangaSi

ยง907.2.12.2-is Sesabamisi saavario xmovani/gangaSis sistema

.23

batareebis oTaxebi, tyviamJavuri batareebi, siTxetevadoba >189,3 l

avtomaturi kvamlis aRmomCeni sistema

centraluri, kerZo an moSorebiT mdebare sadguridan kontrolirebadi sistema, romlis gangaSis meqanizmi mdebareobs iseT adgilas, sadac adamianebi imyofebian.

132 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi xeliT samarTavi gangaSis meqanizmis kolofebi §907.3-is moTxovniT, xeliT samarTavi gangaSis meqanizmis kolofebi unda ganTavsdes TiToeuli Sesasvlelidan araumetes 1524 mm-is sazRvrebSi TiToeul gasasvlelSi. uaxloes damatebiT kolofTan misasvleli manZili ar unda aRematebodes 60 960 mm-s.

•

maqsimum 1524 mm

•

xeliT samarTavi saxanZro gangaSis kolofi

•

iatakidan maRla 1067-dan 1219 mmmde

§907.9.1-is moTxovniT, gangaSis vizualuri meqanizmebi, xmovan meqanizmebTan erTad, adamianebs unda atyobinebdes avariuli mdgomarebis Sesaxeb. esenia TeTri stroboskopuli proJeqtorebi, romlebic mimagrebulia kedlis garkveul farTobze. misadgomobis kriteriumebis Tanaxmad, isini unda mdebareobdes iatakidan minimum 2032 mm-ze, magram araumetes 2438 mm-isa. rogorc vizualuri, ise xmovani funqciis mqone gangaSis meqanizmebi unda ganTavsdes Semdeg adgilebSi: 1. sazogadoebriv farTobebze da saerTo farTobebze 2. TanamSromlebisaTvis gankuTvnil samuSao farTobebze

2032 mm - 2438 mm

vizualuri gangaSi

xmovani gangaSi §907.9.2-is moTxovniT, xmovan gangaSs unda hqondes gansxvavebuli xma, romelic ar gamoiyeneba raime sxva daniSnulebiT. gangaSis xma unda iyos sakmarisad maRali imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyos garemomcvel xmaurze minimum 15 decibeliT maRali bgeriTi wnevis done an maqsimalur bgeriT doneze 5 decibeliT maRali. §907.14-is Sesabamisad, saxanZro gangaSis sistemebs Tvalyuri unda adevnos sameTvalyureo sadgurma, NFPA 72-is Sesabamisad.

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 133

kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi rogorc $909-Sia aRniSnuli, kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebis daniSnulebaa daculi garemos uzrunvelyofa mosargebleebis evakuaciis an relokaciisaTvis. debulebebi ar aris gamiznuli interieris nawilebis dasacavad, sistemebis operirebis droulad aRsadgenad, cecxlis Casaqrobad an msgavsi aqtivobebisaTvis. kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi klasificirdeba, rogorc aqtiuri cecxlgamZle sistemebi, radgan isini aqtiurad asruleben TavianT funqcias, rac sicocxlis usafrTxoebis dacvas gulisxmobs. maTi reagireba cecxlze an simxurvaleze ar gulisxmobs imas, rom isini raimenair bariers warmoadgenen xanZris winaaRmdeg, aramed aaqtiureben Senobis mosargebleTa dasacavad mimarTul Tanmimdevrul operaciebs. es sistemebi kodSi moxseniebulia, rogorc aqtiuri an pasiuri tipis, rac damokidebulia imaze, Tu rogor gaiwovs sistema kvamls - bunebrivi konveqciiT Tu meqanikuri ventilaciiT. kvamlis sakontrolo yvela sistema avtomaturad aqtiurdeba, miuxedavad imisa, aqtiuri meqanizmebia, Tu pasiuri. garkveuli tipis SenobebSi, rogorebicaa molebi an atriumebi, montaJdeba sistemebi, romlebic isrutavs an gandevnis kvamls da Senobis mosargebleebs saSualebas aZlevs, datovon iseTi farTobebi, sadac, mosalodnelia, kvamlis gamo SeuZlebeli gaxdes gasasvlelebis danaxva. kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis mqone Senobebi, Cveulebriv, is Senobebia, sadac urTierTdakavSirebuli sahaero sivrceebis mqone didi farTobebia da sadac kvamlis SezRudva barierebis saSualebiT SeuZlebelia da aucilebelia misi gandevna an gawova mosargebleTa dasacavad. kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebis daproeqtebis kriteriumebi detalur gamoTvlebsa da modelirebas moiTxovs. isini TiTqmis yovelTvis sxvadasxvagvarad proeqtdeba amgvari sistemebis daproeqtebasa da agebaSi gamocdili konsultantis daxmarebiT.

134 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebi kvamlgaumtari barierebi §909.5-is mixedviT, kvamlgaumtari bareirebi unda Seesabamebodes $709-s. kvamlgaumtari barierebis Riobebs unda hqondes avtomaturi damketi meqanizmebi, romlebic aqtiurdeba kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis aRmomCenebiT. karebebi daculi unda iyos §715.4.3-is Sesabamisad, romlis moTxovniTac kvamlgaumtari barieris kedlebSi unda Caisvas 20 wuTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone karebebi. §909.20-is moTxovniT, §1020.1.7-is mixedviT aucilebeli kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavebi Sedgeba interieris SemozRuduli kibeebisgan, sadac midgoma SesaZlebelia Senobis gare aivnebidan an ganiavebadi vestibiulebidan. es moTxovna ukavSirdeba $403 da $405-Si gansazRvrul maRlivi Senobebisa da miwisqveSa SenobebisTvis arsebul moTxovnebs.

•

kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavi interieris gasasvleli kibeebisTvis, romlebic misadgomia vestibiulidan an eqsterieris Ria ainvidan.

•

kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavi Senobis danarCeni nawilisgan unda gaimijnos 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone xanZarsawinaaRmdego baerierebiT, romelTac ar aqvT Riobebi, garda aucilebeli gasasvleli karisa, romelic TavisiT an avtomaturad unda ixurebodes kvamlis aRmomCenis gaaqtiurebisTanave. §715.4-is Sesabamisi cecxlgamZle kari. vestibiuli kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavisgan unda gaimijnos 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone xanZarsawinaaRmdego baerieriT.

• •

•

vestibiulis sigane unda iyos minimum 1118 mm da sigrZe gasasvlelisaken savali mimarTulebiT 1829 mm.

•

bunebriv ganiavebas unda uzrunvelyofdes minimum 1.5 m2 sufTa farTobis mqone Riobi, romelic ganTavsebulia 6096 mm siganis Sida ezosken, ezosken an sazogadoebrivi gzisken mdebare kedelSi.

•

meqanikuri ventilacia SeiZleba uzrunvelyofili iyos haerSemomtani da gamwovi arxebis saSualebiT.

•

TmWidrod nagebi arxi unda iwovdes Semotanili haeris minimum 150%-s.

•

sakvamle trapis Tavi, araumetes 152 mm-iT qvemoT

•

kvamlis da simxurvalis gawovis momsaxure sivrce. minimum 508 mm mWidrod nagebi haerSemomtani arxi unda uzrunvelyofdes haercvlas minimum erTxel wuTSi. araumetes 152 mm-iT zemoT iatakidan

• • • •

Ria poziciaSi kari ar unda faravdes arxis arcerT Riobs.

FIRE-PROTECTION SYSTEMS / 135

Riobis damcavebi §910-Si mocemulia moTxovnebi kvamlisa da simxurvalis saniaveblebisTvis, romelTa funqciebic kvamlis sakontrolo sistemebis funqciis msgavsia. xanZris pirobebSi aqtiuri reagirebisaTvis isini, Cveulebriv, martiv teqnologias iyeneben. kvamlisa da simxurvalis saniaveblebis saSualebiT wvis an afeTqebis produqtebi gadis Senobidan da minimumamde mcirdeba maTgan gamowveuli dazianebis riski.

•

farda barierebi aris pasiuri kvamlgaumtari barierebi, romlebic mdebareobs sasawyobo Senobebis Weris sivrceSi da Weris sazRvarTan dagrovil kvamls ar aZlevs Senobis erTi farTobidan meorisken gavrcelebis saSualebas.

•

saniaveblis minimaluri gabaritebi §910.3.3-is Sesabamisad

•

6096 mm an meti miwis nakveTis sazRvridan da 3048 mm xanZarsawinaaRmdego barieris kedlebidan

•

farda barieris minimaluri siRrme

•

maqsimaluri manZili saniaveblamde kedlidan an farda barieridan saniaveblis centrebis maqsimaluri daSoreba sawyobis gansazRvruli simaRle

• •

kvamlisa da simxurvalis saniaveblebi gamoiyeneba samrewvelo da savaWro/komerciul gamoyenebebSi, sadac maRal svetebad dawyobil saqonls, samrewvelo an sasawyobo saqmianobebs aqvs sawvavis didi datvirTvebi an grovdeba didi raodenobis safrTxis Semcveli nivTierebebi. aseT gamoyenebebSi SeiZleba gaCndes didi, katastrofuli xanZrebi. am nawilSi ganxiluli gamoyenebis jgufebia F-1 da S-1 jgufis gamoyenebebi, romelTa dauyofeli farTobi 4645 m2-ze didia, aseve Senobebi, sadac saerTaSoriso saxanZro kodis $413-is Sesabamisad, ganTavsebulia wvadi maragebi maRal grovebad. amgvari ram albaT ar Segvxvdeba saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebSi, garda iseTi didi nagebobebisa, sadac centraluri sawyobicaa ganTavsebuli. es masala mxolod zogadi informaciis saxiTaa warmodgenili. kvamlisa da simxurvalis saniaveblebi avtomaturad unda muSaoebdes. isini mibmuli unda iyos saSxefeblis gaaqtiurebasTan saSxefebeli sistemis mqone SenobebSi an unda reagirebdes simxurvaleze saSxebebeli sistemebis armqone SenobebSi. rTuli konstruqciis mqone kvamlis gamwovi sistemebi, romelTa muSaobis principi kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis msgavsia, SeiZleba Seicvalos sxva rekomendirebuli sistemebiT, Tu daSvebulia mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemis mier.

136 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

farda barieris daSorebebi regulirdeba 910.3 cxrilSi mocemuli maqsimaluri farTobebis mixedviT.

910.3 cxrilSi gansazRvrulia farda barieris daSorebebTan da siRrmesTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi, aseve, saniaveblis zomasTan da daSorebebTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi. moTxovnebi gamomdinareobs SenobaSi Senaxuli an gamoyenebuli masalebis safrxis Semcvelobidan, rac gansazRvrulia moxmarebis sagnebis klasificirebis mixedviT saerTaSoriso saxanZro kodSi. farda barieriT an cecxlgamZle kedlebiT Seqmnili farTobebi moTxovnebis gansazRvris mTavari elementia. aseve gaiTvaliswineba Senaxuli masalis konfiguraciis simaRle. amdenad, rac metad safrTxis Semcvelia masalebi an rac metad maRalia saTavso stelaJebi, moTxovnis mixedviT saWiroa miT meti saniavebeli da/an miT ufro naklebi daSorebebi farda barierebs Soris.

10

gasasvleli saSualebebi saerTaSoriso samSeneblo kodis me-10 Tavi moicavs moTxovnebs gasasvleli sistemebis, e.w. `gasasvleli saSualebebis~ daproeqtebis mimarT. gasasvleli saSualebebis ZiriTadi daniSnulebaa, Senobis yvela mosargeblem usafrTxod da swrafad datovos Senoba xanZris an sxva sagangebo situaciis dros. amdenad, gasasvleli saSualebebi uzrunvelyofs uwyvet da Cauxergav gasasvlelisken saval gzas Senobis TiToeuli gamoyenebuli wertilidan sazogadoebrivi gzisken, romelic warmoadgens iseT sivrces, rogoricaa: quCa an xeivani, permanentulad gankuTvnili sazogadoebrivi sargeblobisaTvis. termini `gasasvleli saSualebebi~ zogadia da aRniSnavs Senobidan gasasvlel gzebs. vebsteris inglisuri enis mesame did saerTaSoriso leqsikonSi `gasasvleli~ gansazRvrulia, rogorc: `1. gasvlis qmedeba an ufleba~. es termini SeirCa imisaTvis, rom moecva sistemis yvela komponenti, romlebic gamoyenebulia adamianebis Senobidan gasasvlelad sagangebo situaciis dros. yuradReba gamaxvilebulia sagangebo gasasvlelze da ara moxerxebulobaze an funqciaze. Tumca, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa misadgomebi aseve gaiTvaliswineba gasasvleli saSualebebis daproeqtebisas. am Tavis ganmartebebSi, iseT zogad terminebs, rogoricaa: gasasvlelis misadgomi, gasasvleli da Senobidan gasasvleli, eniWeba ufro specifikuri, kodiT gansazRvuli mniSvnelobebi, rogorc gasasvleli saSualebebis komponentebs, romlebic qmnis mTlian sistemas TavdasaRwevad. am Tavis gacnobisas, yuradReba miaqcieT kodis sfecifikur terminologias.

gasasvleli saSualebebi ยง1002-Si `gasasvleli saSualebebi~ gansazRvrulia, rogorc gasasvlelisken savali uwyveti, Cauxergavi, vertikaluri da horizontaluri gza Senobis an nagebobis nebismieri gamoyenebuli nawilidan sazogadoebrivi gzisken.

SenobaSi yoveli gamoyenebisaTvis gankuTvnili gasasvleli saSualebebi unda akmayofilebdes me-10 Tavis debulebebs. moTxovnebi gamomdinareobs iqidan, Tu rogori gasasvleli unda hqondes gamoyenebuli farTobis ama Tu im tips, aseve, 1004.1.1 cxrilSi gamoTvlili mosargebleTa datvirTvidan.

Senoba SeiZleba moicavdes ramodenime gansxvavebul gamoyenebis tips. damproeqtebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos yvela sargebloba, arsebuli an savaraudo imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyofili iyos adeqvaturi raodenobisa da siganis gasasvlelebi. mosargebleTa datvirTva, Cveulebriv, gamoiTvleba yvela farTobis erTdroulad gamoyenebis mixedviT, rom ganisazRvros mosargebleTa SesaZlo maqsimaluri raodenoba, romelic unda daitios gasasvlelma saSualebebma. kodis mixedviT, gasasvleli saSualebebis komponentebi TavisTavad ar warmoadgens gamoyenebul sivrceebs, Tumca emsaxureba Senobis mosargebleebs. arsebobs mosargebleTa datvirTvis gamosaTvlelad arsebuli moTxovnebis specifikuri da umniSvnelo gamonaklisebi, romelTac mogvianebiT ganvixilavT.

gasasvlelis cneba gasasvlelis zogadi daniSnulebaa, uzrunvelyos uwyveti, Cauxergavi da daculi gza Senobidan gasasvlelad, fundamenturia kodisTvis da moiTxovs safuZvlian codnas. aseve, unda vicodeT, rom roca Senobis mTavari gamoyenebidan gamomavali gasasvleli gza gadis meore gamoyenebis farTobze, savaraudod, sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris an garaJis farTobze, gasasvleli gza inarCunebs mTavari gamoyenebisTvis gansazRvrul klassa da cecxlisgan damcavisadmi moTxovnebs. damcavis koeficienti arasodes unda Semcirdes, radgan gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemaSi mosargebleebi moZraoben qvemoTken mimarTulebiT.

138 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

nakadi

โ ข

gasasvleli saSualebebis mimarTulebiT nakadi miemarTeba gamoyenebuli sivrcidan saboloo, usafrTxo farTobisken Senobis gareT, nebismier SenobaSi Seqmnili safrTxis an sagangebo situaciisgan Sors. gasasvleli saSualebebis daproeqtebis saukeTeso analogia wylis dinebebi. patara nakadebi miemarTeba napralebisken, romlebic kvebavs mdinareebs, romlebic Semdeg Caedineba zRvaSi. rogorc Senakadebis wylebiT Sevsebuli mdinareebi qvemoTken farTovdeba da meti wyali gadaaqvs, aseTive principiT unda daproeqtdes gasasvleli saSualebebi. gasasvleli gzebi unda darCes iseTive zomis an gafarTovdes, radgan Senobis mosargebleebi metad saxifaTo farTobebidan gadaadgildebian qvemoTken ufro usafrTxo farTobebisken da, sabolood, toveben Senobas Senobidan gasasvlelis saSualebiT.

gasasvleli saSualebebi

gasasvlelTan misadgomi

gasasvleli

Senobidan gasasvleli

alternatiuli gzebi

â&#x20AC;˘

gasasvlelis meore mTavari principia is, rom minimum ori gansxvavebuli gasasvleli gza unda miemarTebodes Senobis interieridan gareT gruntis donisken. es aixsneba imiT, rom Tu erTi gza Caixerga an saSiSi gaxda iq gavla, meore gza iyos xelmisawvdomi. am wess aqvs gamonaklisebi iseT situaciebSi, roca mosargebleTa raodenoba SedarebiT mcirea, Tumca damproeqtebelma yovelTvis ZiriTadi daproeqtebis principebiT unda daiwyos da yoveli sivrcidan uzrunvelyos ori gza sagangebo situaciaSi gamosayeneblad.

damcavi saSualebebi

â&#x20AC;˘

gasasvleli gzis sxvadasxva nawilebi aucileblad unda iyos uzrunvelyofili mosargebleebis cecxlisgan damcavi saSualebebiT. es komponentebi iwyeba derefnis perpendikularul karTan, miemarTeba gasasvlelisken, grZeldeba gasasvlelis SemomzRudavSi, miemarTeba qvemoT Senobis gavliT da Senobidan gasasvlelis gavliT gadis eqsterierSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom xSirad ar aris saWiro, derefnebi cecxlgamZle konstruqcia iyos. koeficientis mqone derefanSi an gasasvlel kibeze, mosargeble daculi unda iyos, sanam ar miaRwevs Senobis eqsterieramde. gasvlis procesSi, mosargebles ar unda sWirdebodes daculi garemodan momijnave gamoyenebul sivrceebSi an daucvel gasasvlel gzaze gadasvla daculi gasasvleli gzis sxva nawilTan an eqsterierTan misaRwevad, radgan aseT SemTxvevaSi, saWiro gaxdeba damcavis moSoreba, romelsac gasasvlelis SemomzRudavi unda uzrunvelyofdes.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 139

gasasvlelis komponentebi arsebobs gasasvleli saSualebebis sami ZiriTadi komponenti: gasasvlelTan misadgomi, gasasvleli da Senobidan gasasvleli. me-10 Tavis moTxovnebis gamoyenebisaTvis mniSvnelovania, kargad vicodeT, rogoraa ganmartebuli kodSi es komponentebi. mniSvnelovania, rom gasasvleli saSualebebis komponentebi integrirebuli iyos me-11 TavSi gansazRvrul misadgomi gasasvleli saSualebebis moTxovnebTan. me-10 Tavis debulebebi SeiZleba Secvalos me-11 Tavis zogierTma debulebam an SezRuduli SesaZlebloebebis mqone amerikelebis Sesaxeb aqtma (Americans with Disabilities Act - ADA). me-10 TavSi gasasvlelTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi yovelTvis unda ganixilebodes ADA-isa da adgilobrivi misadgomobis reglamentebTan erTad.

â&#x20AC;˘

â&#x20AC;˘

mniSvnelovania, gvaxsovdes, rom manZili, romelic adamianma unda gaiaros gasasvlelis misadgomSi oTaxis an sivrcis yvelaze Sori wertilidan gasasvlelis karamde, regulirdeba kodis mixedviT. SeiZleba saWiro iyos, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone gzis uzrunvelyofa, rogoricaa: gasasvleli gza ufro didi iatakis farTobebisaTvis, romlebic SeiZleba aRematebodes sxva gasasvleli saSualebebis sxvadasxva komponentebis saval manZilebs. savali manZilebi SezRuduli ar aris gasasvlelebSi an gruntis niSnulis doneze mdebare Senobidan gasasvlelis nawilSi.

140 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

1. gasasvlelTan misadgomi

aris gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis nawili, romelic miermarTeba Senobis an nagebobis romelime gamoyenebuli nawilidan gasasvlelisken.

gasasvlelTan misadgomi aris Senobis nawili, sadac mosargebleebi asruleben funqciebs, romelTaTvisac Senoba iqna daproeqtebuli da, amdenad, warmoadgenen sivrceebs saidanac sagangebo stuaciis dros unda daaRwion Tavi. miuxedavad imisa, rom gasasvlelTan misadgomi mosargebleebs yvelaze Tavisufali gadaadgilebis saSualebas aZlevs, is aseve sTavazobs gasasvleli saSualebebis nebismieri komponentis sicocxlis usafrTxoebis dacvis yvelaze dabal xarisxs. oTaxidan an sivrcidan gasasvlel tipiur gzebSi SeiZleba iyos rigebs Soris gasavleli, gasasvlelebi, derefnebi an sxva oTaxebi cecxlgamZle koeficientiT dacul SemomzRudavamde, romelsac gasasvleli ewodeba. gasavleli manZili SezRudulia kodiT, razec am analizSi visaubrebT.

gasasvlelis komponentebi 2. gasasvleli aris gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis nawili gasasvlelTan misadgomsa da Senobidan gasasvlels an sazogadoebriv gzas Soris. gasasvleli saSualebis gasasvleli nawili Senobis mosargebleebs saSualebas aZlevs, gadaadgildnen daculi SemomzRudavis gavliT dacul garemoSi Senobidan saboloo gasaqcevamde im sivrceebidan, sadac saxifaTo viTarebaa Seqmnili. amdenad, gasasvlelebi gamijnulia Senobis an nagebobis interieris sxva sivrceebisgan cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT da Riobis damcavebiT, rogoric aucilebelia daculi gasasvleli gzis uzrunvelsayofad gasasvlelTan misadgomidan Senobidan gasasvlelamde.

gasasvleli

gasasvlelTan misadgomi

gasasvlelebi moicavs gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebs, gasavlel gzebs, eqsterieris gasasvlel kibeebs, eqsterieris gasasvlel pandusebs, horizontalur gasasvlelebsa da eqsterieris gasasvlel karebebs gruntis doneze. kodi ar zRudavs manZils, romlis gavlac SeiZleba vinmes dasWirdes daculi gasasvlelis SemomzRudavis sazRvrebSi. gasasvleli gzis es nawili SeiZleba Zalian grZeli iyos, rogorc, magaliTad, maRlivi Senobebis kibis SemTxvevaSi. ezo

3. Senobidan gasasvleli aris gasasv-

gasasvleli saSualebebis es nawili, ZiriTadad, gruntis niSnulis axlosaa da Riaa atmosferosken. mosargebleebs garkveviT SeuZliaT dainaxon, sad aris usafrTxo farTobi Senobis gareT da gadaadgildnen misken. kodSi `sazogadoebrivi gza~ ganmartebulia, rogorc nebismieri quCa, xeivani an sxva miwis nakveTi, romelic Riaa atmosferosken da miemarTeba quCamde, romelic aqtiT, CuqebiT an sxvagvarad mudmivad gadacemulia sazogadoebriv sargeblobaSi da aqvs araumcires 3048 mm Tavisufali sigane da simaRle.

Senobidan gasasvleli quCa

quCa

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â&#x20AC;˘ quCa

leli saSualebebis sistemis nawili gasasvlelis bolosa da sazogadoebriv gzas Soris. Senobidan gasasvleli SeiZleba moicavdes eqsterieris gasasvlel aivnebs, eqsterieris kibeebs, eqsterieris gasasvlel pandusebs, gasasvlel Sida ezoebsa da ezoebs. aqedan bevri SenobasTan dakavSirebuli komponentia, Tumca Senobidan gasasvleli aseve SeiZleba moicavdes miwis nakveTis nawilebs.

patara, erTsarTuliani Senobis gasasvleli saSualebebi, Cveulebriv, martivia, radgan gasasvleli bilikis meore da mesame komponentebi xSirad gaerTianebulia/kombinirebulia. bevr erTsarTulian SenobaSi, rogorebicaa: sacalo vaWrobis maRaziebi da bankebi, gasasvleli saSualebebis mxolod pirveli nawilia warmodgenili. derefani SeiZleba gagrZeldes eqsterieris kedlamde da Ria iyos quCisken, ezosken an sxva sazogadoebrivi sivrcisken. is imavdroulad qmnis gasasvlelTan misadgoms, gasasvlelsa da Senobidan sazogadoebriv gzaze gasasvlels gruntis doneze. oTaxi an sivrce Riaa uSualod Senobis eqsterierisken da ar sWirdeba daculi derefnebi an kibeebi.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 141

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi §1003 - §1013-Si gansazRvrulia moTxovnebi, romlebic exeba gasasvleli saSualebebis samive nawils. amdenad, karebebis, kibeebis, pandusebisa da msgavsi gasasvleli komponentebisaTvis arsebuli moTxovnebi exeba gasasvleli saSualebebis samive nawils, roca Sedis am nawilebSi. aRsaniSnavia, aseve, rom am nawilSi mocemul pirobebs SeiZleba hqondes damatebiTi modifikaciebi, romlebic Sedis gasasvleli saSualebebis sami nawilisaTvis gamoyenebul specifikur nawilebSi.

• •

2286 mm Weris minimaluri simaRle

•

karis damxuravebi da SemCereblebi ar unda amcirebdes gasasvlelis sivrces 1981 mm-ze naklebad.

•

sadac vertikaluri daSoreba 2032 mm-ze naklebia, uzrunvelyofili unda iyos barierebi mxedvelobis SezRudvis mqone pirebisaTvis. es barierebi unda mdebareobdes araumetes 686 mm-ze iatakidan.

gamoSverili sagnis gamo, 2032 mm-mde SeiZleba Semcirdes gasasvleli saSualebebis Weris farTobis araumetes 50%.

Weris simaRle §1003.2 moiTxovs, rom gasasvleli gzebis Weris simaRle iyos araumcires 2286 mm, Tumca misaRebia hqondes naSverebi, romlebic Seamcirebs minimalur gasasvlel sivrces 2032 mm-mde nebismieri savali zedapiridan.

gamonaSveri sagnebi §1003.3 aregulirebs imas, Tu ramdenad SeiZleba iyos gamoSverili sagani Weris aucilebel simaRleSi da gasasvlelis aucilebel siganeSi.

•

142 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

imave mizniT, struqturuli elementebi, mowyobilobebi da aveji ar unda iyos gamoSverili horizontalurad 102 mm-ze metad 686 mm-sa da 2032 mm simaRleebs Soris.

•

kibisa da pandusis moajiris saxelurebi SeiZleba gamoSverili iyos kedlidan 114 mm-ze. es moTxovnebi SesabamisobaSia ADAAG-is (ADA-s misadgomobasTan dakavSirebuli direqtivebis) debulebebTan.

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi donis cvlilebebi §1003.5 zRudavs iatakis doneebis cvlilebebs gasasvlel saSualebebSi. Tu donis cvlileba 305 mm-ze naklebia, is daqanebuli unda iyos.

•

•

•

•

rekomendirebuli ar aris erTi safexuris an kibis mokle rigis gamoyeneba gasasvlel gzaze, radgan aseTi safexurebi SeiZleba ver dainaxon mosargebleebma, rac waborZikebis seriozul safrTxes Seqmnis yoveldRiuri gamoyenebis dros. SeZlebisdagvarad, maTi gamoyeneba Tavidan unda iqnas acilebuli.

•

dabrkolebebis garSemo gasasvleli gzis siganis SenarCuneba

§1003.6-Si yuradReba gamaxvilebulia imaze, rom roca obieqtebi, rogoricaa: kronSteinebi an svetebi, xvdeba gasasvlel saSualebebSi, isini ar unda amcirebdes gasasvleli saSualebebis aucilebel siganes. sadac es dabrkolebebi an naSverebia, aucilebelia damatebiTi sigane, gasasvlelis aucilebeli siganis SesanarCuneblad.

“x”

rigebs Soris gasavlelebSi, romlebic ar saWiroebs me-11 TavSi gansazRvruli misadgomobis moTxovnebisadmi Sesabamisobas, gamonaklisebis saxiT daSvebulia TiToeuli safexuris simaRle iyos maqsimum 178 mm §1025.11-is Sesabamisad da hqondes saxeluri §1025.13-is Sesabamisad. §1009.3-is Sesabamisi oramde safexuriani kibe, romlis safexuris siRrme minimum 330 mm-ia da aqvs §1012is Sesabamisi saxeluri da romelic kibeze normaluri gasasvleli bilikis Suaxazidan 762 mm-is sazRvrebSia.

• gasasvleli saSualebebis siganis SenarCuneba

“x”

roca qanobi aRemateba 1:20-s, maSin gadaadgileba unda ganxorcieldes misadgomi pandusis saSualebiT, romelic Seesabameba me-11 Tavis debulebebs.

152 mm-ze naklebad amaRlebul pandusebs unda hqondes saxelurebiani moajirebi an iatakis mopirkeTeba unda gansxvavdebodes momijnave iatakis mopirkeTebisgan.

liftebi, eskalatorebi da moZravi bilikebi §1003.7-is mixedviT, ar aris nebadarTuli, rom transportirebis romelime es saxe gamoyenebuli iyos gasasvleli saSualebebis komponentebad. erTaderTi gamonaklisia §1007.4-is Sesabamisi liftebi, sadac isini uzrunvelyofi lia saavario energomomaragebiT da aseve samarTavi da sasignalo meqanizmebiT, ASME A17.1-is §2.27-is Sesabamisad.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 143

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi mosargebleTa saproeqto datvirTva

12 192 mm

§1004.1-is mixedviT, SenobaSi gasasvleli saSualebebi ise unda daproeqtdes, rom daitios §1004.1.1-isa da 1004.1.1 cxrilis Sesabamisad gamoTvlili mosargebleTa raodenoba. mosargebleTa datvirTva unda emyarebodes realur mosargebleTa darviTvas, roca SesaZlebelia amis dadgena, magaliTad, rogorc TeatrSi skamebis raodenobis mixedviT, an 1004.1.1 cxrilis gamoyenebiT, sadac mocemulia mosargebleTa datvirTvis faqtorebi mosargebleTa datvirTvebis gansasazRvrad, sargeblobis safuZvelze. es faqtorebi gamomdinarebs sxvadasxva sargeblobebisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli mosargebleTa datvirTvebis warsuli gamocdilebidan. kodSi ar aris damrgvalebasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi. Cven gTavazobT yvela wiladis damrgvalebas momdevno mTel ricxvamde, tipiur SemTxvevebSi.

9144 mm

iatakis farTobis daSvebebi cxrilSi emyareba ara realur fizikur mdgomareobas nebismieri Senobis sazRvrebSi, aramed kodis miznebs, albaTobebsa da dakvirvebebs. sidideebi isea kodificirebuli, rom maTi gamoyeneba erTnairad SeuZlia yvelas gasasvlelis detalebis, magaliTad, gasasvlelis komponentebis raodenobisa da siganis gasasazRvrad. isini ar warmoadgens direqtivebs saproeqro programisaTvis. aucilebeli ar aris, rom ofisSi momuSave yvela pirs hqondes 9,3 m2 samuSao farTobi maSinac ki, roca mosargebleTa datvirTvis koeficienti 100-ia. §1004.2-is mixedviT, mosargebleTa datvirTvebi SeiZleba gaizardos 1004.1.1 cxrilSi mocemulze metad, Tu gasasvleli saSualebebis sistema iseTi zomisaa, rom daitevs mosargebleTa datvirTvas. araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba am debulebis mixedviT gamoTvlili mosargebleTa datvirTva aRematebodes gamoyenebuli iatakis farTobis 0,65 m2-s erT mosargebleze.

144 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

realuri raodenoba • §1004.1.1-is mixedviT, saproeqto mosargebleTa datvirTva unda efuZvnebodes mosargebleTa raodenobas, rac ganisazRvreba 1004.1.1 cxrilis mixedviT erT mosargebleze farTobis erTeulis miniWebiT. farTobebisTvis, sadac fiqsirebuli skamebia, fiqsirebuli skamebis realuri raodenoba TeatrSi gansazRvravs am sivrcisTvis mosargebleTa datvirTvas, §1004.7-is Sesabamisad.

• §1004.7-is Sesabamisad, mosargebleTa datvirTva farTobebisTvis, rogoricaa: mosacdeli farTobebi an SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa etlebisaTvis gankuTvnili farTobebi, unda gamoiTvalos 1004.1.1 cxrilis gamoyenebiT. • 9144 × 12 192 mm oTaxi • fiqsirebuli skami 46 mosargeblisTvis • ara dasadgomad gankuTvnili oTaxi, fiqsirebuli kedlebi • misadgomi adgili ori etlisTvis • mosargebleTa datvirTva = 48 • es magaliTi emyareba §1004.7-s, romel zec gadamisamarTebulia 1004.1.1 cxrilSi.

raodenoba 1004.1.1 cxrilis mixedviT • §1004.1 iyenebs cxrils mosargebleTa saproeqto datvirTvis gansasazRvrad, rac gamoiTvleba farTobis erTeulze erTi mosargeblis safuZvelze.

• 9144 × 12 192 mm oTaxi , • TavSeyris farTobi skamebis gareSe (fexze dasadgomi) • cxrili 1004.1.1-is mixedviT TiTo mosargebleze daSvebulia 0,46 m2 iatakis farTobi.

• mosargebleTa datvirTva = 111 m2/0,46 m2 = 240 • mosargebleTa datvirTva aRemateba 49-s, amdenad 1015.1 cxrilis mixedviT aucilebelia ori gasasvleli.

• aRsaniSnavia, rom cxrilSi gamoyenebuli sityvebi `sufTa~ da `mTliani~ ganmartebulia kodis terminebSi, §1002-Si. mosalodnelia, es terminebi ganimartos ise, rom `sufTaSi~ igulisxmebodes realuri farTobi, sadac mosargebleebi dganan, vidre sivrce, gamoyenebuli Senobis elementebis mier da iseTi damxmare farTobebis CauTvlelad, rogorebicaa derefnebi, kibeebi an tualetis oTaxebi. `mTliani~ mosalodnelia gamoiyenebodes did farTobebTan, romelic ganisazRvreba perimetris kedlebiT, sahaero Saxtebis gamoklebiT. • aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom ar arsebobs mosargebleTa datvirTvis faqtorebi iseTi momsaxure sivrceebisaTvis, rogoricaa: mosasvenebeli oTaxebi, sadac SeiZleba gaTvaliswinebuli iyos is, rom am sivrceebis momxmareblebi ukve Senobis mosargebleebi arian. zemoT mocemuli ganxilvis Sesabamisad, es sivrceebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos mTliani farTobis nawilad.

• 9144 × 12 192 mm oTaxi • saqmianobis (biznes) farTobi • cxrili 1004.1.1is mixedviT, erT mosargebleze daSvebulia 9,29 m2 iatakis farTobi.

• saTavsis gamoklebuli farTobi = 9.29 m2 • mosargebleTa datvirTva = (111 m2 – 9.29m2)/ 9.29 m2 = 11

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi raodenoba kombinaciebis mixedviT §1004.1-Si naTqvamia, rom mosargebleTa saproeqto datvirTvas unda daematon is mosargebleebi, romlebic damxmare sivrceebidan gadian mTavari farTobis gavliT. es nawili exeba iseT farTobebs, rogorebicaa: sakonferencio darbazebi an alkovebi (oTaxis SeWrili/gamoyofili nawili), da emxroba princips, rom yoveli meorexarisxovani farTobi zrdis `qvemoTken~ moZrav mosargebleTa datvirTvas, romelic gansazRvrulia im farTobebisTvis, romelTac gasasvleli saSualebebi emsaxureba.

erTi magaliTi skamebiani farTobi

• • • 32

•

TavSeyris adgili fiqsirebuli dasajdomebis gareSe, koncentrirebuli; mxolod skamebiT 4572 × 4572 mm

cxrili 1004.1.1-is mixedviT daSvebulia 0.65 m2 iatakis farTobi erT mosargebleze mosargebleTa datvirTva = 20,9 m2/0,65 m2=32

sakonferencio darbazi

• 31

• • • •

12 192 mm

20

TavSeyris adgili fiqsirebuli dasajdomebis gareSe, arakoncentrirebuli; magidiT da skamebiT 4572 × 6096 mm

cxrili 1004.1.1-is mixedviT daSvebulia 1.39 m2 iatakis farTobi erT mosargebleze mosargebleTa datvirTva = 27,8 m2/1,39 m2 = 20 vinaidan mosargebleTa datvirTva 50-ze naklebia, 1015.1 cxrilis mixedviT, saWiroa mxolod erTi gasasvleli kari.

saqmianobis (biznes) farTobi

• 31

•

9

• 9144 mm

mosargebleTa saerTo saproeqto datvirTva = 32 + 20 + 9 = 61

•

•

cxrili 1004.1.1-is mixedviT daSvebulia 9.29 m2 iatakis farTobi erT mosargebleze. iatakis farTobi = (9144 × 12 192 mm) (4572 × 6096 mm) = 83,2 m2 mosargebleTa datvirTva = 83,2 m2/ 9.29 m2 = 9 savaraudo B jgufis gamoyeneba. cxrili 1014.1 moiTxovs minimum or gasasvlel saSualebas, radgan mosargebleTa datvirTva 49-ze metia.

TiToeuli karisTvis gasasvlelis sigane efuZvneba 31 odenobis mosargebleTa datvirTvas. [61 ÷ 2 = 30.5 davamrgvaloT 31-mde, es yovelTvis unda gavakeToT.]

MEANS OF EGRESS / 145

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi

saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebaSi `sufTasa~ da `mTlians~ Soris gansxvavebis magaliTi • 9144 × 12 192 mm farTobi • derefani - 1118 mm Tavisufali sigane • saklaso oTaxi 4115 × 5537 mm = 22.78 m2 • saTavso 381 × 2769 mm = 2.53 m2 • saklaso oTaxi 2 = iseTive gabaritebi, rogoric pirvel saklaso oTaxs aqvs

12 192 mm 5537 mm

1118 mm

5537 mm

11 mosargebleze

• • •

saklaso oTaxi 1

•

2769 mm

2769 mm

saTavso

saTavso

saxelobo maRazia

7925 mm

381 mm

9144 mm

4115 mm

saklaso oTaxis sufTa farTobi:

maRaziis sufTa farTobi:

saklaso oTaxi 2

saTavso

• •

saTavso

1219 mm

4115 mm

8 mosargebleze

11 mosargebleze

saklaso oTaxebi: 22.78 × 2 = 45.57 m2 saTavso: 2.53 × 2 = 5.06 m2 saklaso oTaxis sufTa gamoyenebuli farTobi = 45.57 - 5.06 = 40.50 m2 saklaso oTaxis saerTo mosargebleTa datvirTva, 1004.1.1 cxrilis mixedviT: 40.50 m2 / 1,86 = 22 (21.8, daamrgvaleT) = 11 mosargeble erT saklaso oTaxSi

karis gasaRebisken mdebare mxares arsebuli Tavisufali sivrce misadgomobisaTvis Seweuli kari, imisaTvis, rom derefnis naxevarSi SenarCundes sufTa gasasvleli §1005.2-is Sesabamisad

146 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

• • • •

maRaziis farTobi: 43.88 m2 maRaziis sawyobis farTobi: 6.75 m2 maRaziis sufTa gamoyenebuli farTobi = 43.88 - 6.75 = 37.13 m2 maRaziis mosargebleTa datvirTva 1004.1.1 cxrilis mixedviT: 37.13 / 4.645 = 8 (7.99, daamrgvaleT)

amdenad, mosargebleTa saerTo saproeqto datvirTva sivrcisTvis aris:

• • •

saklaso oTaxi maRazia mosargebleTa saerTo saproeqto datvirTva:

22 8 30

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi •

§1004.3 moiTxovs TavSeyris gamoyenebebTan, TvalsaCino adgilas, ganTavsdes niSnebi, romlebic gviCvenebs mosargebleTa datvirTvas. es saWiroa imisaTvis, rom Tavidan aviciloT sivrceebis gadatvirTva, rac xels SeuSlis gasvlas gangaSis dros.

•

§1004.4-is mixedviT, §1004.1-is Tanaxmad moTxovnili akumulacia ar exeba zemoT an qvemoT mdebare doneebis mosargebleTa datvirTvebs, radgan gasasvlelis tevadoba ar mcirdeba gasasvlelisken savali mimarTulebiT. es efuZvneba gasasvlel sistemebSi adamianebis moZraobis dadgenisas, drois faqtorsa da maTi moZraobebis mimarTulebis bunebaze dakvirvebebs. qvemoT mdebare iatakis mosargebleebi gavlen am donidan ufro adre, vidre maT ukan myofni miaRweven gasasvleli sistemis imave wertilamde.

•

A, B, C da D daaxloebiT erTnairi zomisa da mosargebleTa datvirTvis mqonea:

maqsimaluri mosargebleTa datvirTva

75 mosargeble niSani unda darCes ganTavsebuli aq

•

mosargebleTa datvirTva D

•

mosargebleTa datvirTva C

•

mosargebleTa datvirTva B

gasasvlelis tevadoba D gasasvlelis tevadoba C gasasvlelis tevadoba B

•

gasasvlelis tevadoba A

mosargebleTa datvirTva A

•

gasasvlelis sigane A + B

•

•

gasasvlelis sigane A

•

aRsaniSnavia, aseve, rom §1004.4-is mixedviT, gasasvleli gzebis gasasvlelis tevadoba ar Semcirdeba gasasvlelisken savali mimarTulebiT. esec wylis nakadebis analogiuria da mas amyarebs §1004.5, romlis moTxovniTac, roca gasasvleli gzebi erTmaneTs erwymis, gasasvleli gzis tevadoba orive meorexarisxovani farTobis datvirTvas unda akmayofilebdes.

gasasvlelis sigane B

MEANS OF EGRESS / 147

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi §1004.6 iyenebs Serwymis imave princips, rogorsac §1004.5 antresolidan gasasvlel saSualebasTan, rac efuZvneba imas, rom antresolis mosargebleebma unda gadakveTon qvemoT mdebare iataki, rom moxvdnen saerTo gasasvlel gzebze da, amdenad, zrdian mosargebleTa datvirTvas.

antresolis mosargebleTa datvirTva

•

mTavari-iatakis mosargebleTa datvirTva

gasasvlelis sigane = mosargebleTa datvirTvas + mTavari-iatakis datvirTva

§1004.8 ambobs, rom gareT mdebare farTobebi, rogorebicaa: sasadilo ezoebi saavadmyofos kafeteriis gareT, gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos mosargebleTa datvirTvis gamoTvlisas da unda hqondes gasasvlelebi. roca SesaZlebelia winaswar Tqma imisa, rom gareT mdebare farTobebis mosargebleebi daematebian Senobis SigniT myof mosargebleebs, es mosargebleTa datvirTva gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos gasasvlelis tevadobis gamoTvlis dros. roca mosargebleTa yofna mosalodnelia SigniT an gareT, magram ara orivegan, tevadoba ar izrdeba. damproeqtebels didi sifrTxile marTebs sivrceebiT sargeblobis gaanalizebisas. magaliTad, maSinac ki, roca Sida ezo emsaxureba saofise farTobs mxolod ofisis mosargebleebisaTvis, potenciurad, iq SeiZleba moewyos sajaro RonisZieba da stumrebma da TanamSromlebma orive sivrce gamoiyenon. aseTi sagangebo RonisZiebebisas, sadac bevri adamiani iyris Tavs, yvelaze didia panikis riski sagangebo situaciaSi da gasasvleli sistemebis daproeqtebisas gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos amgvari SemTxvevebi.

• gasasvlelis sigane B

• sazogadoebrivi gza

•

•

• gasasvlelis sigane A • gasasvlelis sigane A+B

ramdenime gamoyeneba §1004.9 moicavs gasasvleli saSualebebisadmi moTxovnebs, romlebic exeba Senobebs, sadac ramdenime gamoyenebaa ganTavsebuli. sadac arasebobs specialuri moTxovnebi gasasvlelebis mimarT gamoyenebis safuZvelze, isini gamoiyeneba Senobis im nawilSi, sadac aseTi gamoyenebaa. roca gansxvavebuli gamoyenebebi saerTo gasasvlel bilikebs iyeneben, gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis daproeqtebisas gamoiyeneba TiToeuli gamoyenebisaTvis arsebuli yvelaze mkacri moTxovnebi.

gamoyeneba 1

• gamoyeneba 1 gasasvlelis aucilebeli sigane • regulirdeba ufro mkacri moTxovnebiT

148 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gamoyeneba 2

• gamoyeneba 2

gasasvlelis aucilebeli sigane

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi gasasvlelis sigane §1005-Si gansazRvrulia, rom gasasvleli gzebis sigane efuZvnebodes: mosargebleTa datvirTvas, gamoyenebis potenciur safrTxes, imas, aris Tu ara SenobaSi saSxefebeli sistemebi da gzebi kibis saxiTaa warmodgenili Tu gasasvleli saSualebebis sxva komponentis saxiT.

•

cxrili 1005.1 gansazRvravs gasasvlelis aucilebel siganes sxvadasxva gamoyenebebisTvis mm-Si TiTo mosargebleze.

•

•

•

• •

•

gasasvlelis siganisadmi moTxovnebis dasakmayofileblad SeiZleba saWiro gaxdes wyvili (ori) kari. gasasvlelis sxva komponentebis, magaliTad, derefnebis gamoTvlili sigane naklebi iqneba, vidre gasasvleli kibisaTvis gamoTvlili sigane, 1005.1 cxrilSi mocemuli gasasvlelis siganis faqtorebidan gamomdinare.

kibeebi ufro ganieri unda iyos, vidre derefnebi, vinaidan adamianebi kibeze ufro nela moZraoben, vidre derefnebSi an sxva gasasvlelebSi. amdenad, garkveuli/mocemuli tevadobis derefani ufro viwro iqneba, vidre kibe imave gasasvlel sistemaSi. cxrilis mixedviT, ufro ganieri gasasvleli sWirdeba aseve safrTxis Semcvel gamoyenebebs, radgan aseT gamoyenebebSi safrTxeebis SesaZlebloba izrdeba. ufro ganieri gasasvleli sWirdeba aseve institucionalur gamoyenebebs sawols mijaWvuli pacientebis gasayvanad da imis gamo, rom xSirad mosargebleebs ar aqvT sakmarisi mobilurobisa da gaazrebis unari imisaTvis, rom daxmarebis gareSe daicvan Tavi. cxrili aseve iTvaliswinebs debulebas saSxefebeli sistemebis Sesaxeb, romlis mixedviTac saSxefebel sistemebian SenobebSi mcirdeba gasasvlelis siganeebi.

•

im principze dayrdnobiT, rom SenarCundes tevadunarianoba, da ara sigane, dasaSvebia ufro viwro gasasvleli kibe qvemoTken mimarTulebiT, Tu uzrunvelyofilia saWiro tevadoba. es SeiZleba iyos interpretirebisa da molaparakebis sagani mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemsa da damproeqtebels Soris.

•

vinaidan gasasvleli karebebi, Cveulebriv, gasasvlelisken savali mimarTulebiT iReba, oTaxebis karebebi xSirad iReba gasasvlelisken savali gzebisken, rogoricaa derefnebi. aseT situaciebSi §1005.2 moiTxovs, rom: bolomde gaRebuli karis naSveri gasasvleli gzis kedlis gaswvriv aucilebel siganeSi iWrebodes maqsimum 178 mm-ze

gasasvlelis aucilebeli sigane

•

•

Ria kari arcerT poziciaSi ar amcirebdes aucilebel siganes naxevarze metad.

•

viwro derefnebis gaswvriv, unda iyos minimum 914 mm-iT Seweuli kari: 914 -178 = 736

• •

178 mm maqsimaluri naSveri gasasvlelis aucilebeli sigane

MEANS OF EGRESS / 149

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi gasasvleli saSualebebis ganaTeba §1006.2-is moTxovniT, gasasvleli saSualebebis ganaTebis xarisxi ar unda iyos 11 luqsze naklebi savali zedapiris doneze. gasanaTebeli farTobebi unda Seicavdes gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis samive nawils, rom mosargebleebi usafrTxod gavidnen Senobidan sazogadoebriv gzaze. TavSeyris farTobebze, rogorebicaa, kinoTeatrebi, ganaTeba unda Caqres filmis Cvenebis dros, magram avtomaturad unda CairTos saxanZro gangaSis sistemis gaaqtiurebisTanave. gamonaklisebi daSvebulia aseve saZinebel farTobebze I da R gamoyenebebSi. saavario energomomaragebisadmi moTxovnebi exeba Senobebs, romelTac ori an meti gasasvleli sWirdeba. amdenad, is ar exeba patara nagebobebsa da sacxovreblebs. gasasvleli saSualebebis saavario ganaTebisadmi moTxovnebis mixedviT, gasasvleli saSualebebis sazRvrebSi unda iyos saSualod 11 luqsi, ise rom amuSavebis dros iyos minimum 1 luqsi. aseT sistemebSi daSvebulia susti ganaTeba 90 wuTis ganmavlobaSi, magram ganaTebis saSualo done ar unda iyos saSualod 6 luqsze da minimum 0,6 luqsze naklebi.

kibeebis sigane misadgom gasasvlel saSualebebSi unda iyos minimum 1219 mm moajirebis saxelurebs Soris. es sakmarisi siganea imisaTvis, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis adamianebi gaataron or sxva adamians Soris. es moTxovna ar exeba mTlianad saSxefebeli sistemebiT uzrunvelyofil Senobebs.

•

kodSi `TavSesafari farTobi~ ganmartebulia, rogorc `farTobi, sadac im adamianebs, romelTac ar SeuZliaT kibeebis gamoyeneba, SeuZliaT gaCerdnen droebiT instruqciebis an daxmarebis molodinSi saavario evakuaciis dros~. `droebiT~ ar aris ganmartebuli, amdenad, gaCerebis xangrZlivoba ar aris gansazRvruli. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, TavSesafari farTobi unda iyos farTobidan gamomaval misadgom saval gzaze.

TavSesafari farTobi unda iyos kibeze an unda hqondes pirdapiri misadgomi SemozRudul kibesTan an liftTan, romelic uzrunvelyofilia saavario energomomaragebiT. TavSesafari farTobi unda uzrunvelyofdes erT 762 × 1219 mm sivrces SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa savarZlisTvis yovel 200 mosargebleze. es sivcreebi ar unda amcirebdes gasasvlelis siganes. §709-is Sesabamisi kvamlgaumtari barierebi saWiroa TavSesafar farTobebTan, garda im SemTvevisa, roca isini mdebareobs kibis SemomzRudavSi, roca TavSesafari farTobi da farTobi, romelsac is emsaxureba mTlianad uzrunvelyofilia saSxefebeli sistemebiT, an 1007.3-is gamonaklisiT daSvebulia Ria kibe. samaSvelo daxmarebisaTvis gankuTvnil eqsterieris farTobebTan iseTive moTxovnebi gamoiyeneba SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa savarZlisTvis saWiro sivrcesTan dakavSirebiT, rogoric TavSesafar farTobebTan. isini Ria unda iyos gareTken da gamijnuli unda iyos 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis konstruqciis kedlebiT, romlis karebebi ¾ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobisaa. damcavi unda gavrceldes farTobis miRma horizontalurad orive mimarTulebiT da vertikalurad 3048 mm-ze. eqsterieris TavSesafari farTobis minimum 50% unda iyos Ria da hqondes ise ganawilebuli zRudeebi, rom ar dagrovdes kvamli an momwamvleli gazebi. kodi ar saubrobs amaze dawvrilebiT, Tumca unda vivaraudoT, rom eqsterieris TavSesafar farTobebze unda iyos iseTive sakomunikacio saSualebebi, rogoric aucilebelia sxva TavSesafar farTobebze. es interpretirebis sakiTxia da saWiroebs Sesabamis uflebamosil organosTan gadamowmebas.

•

ganaTebis sawyisi done • 90-wuTiani ganaTebis done Wrili

misadgomi gasasvleli saSualebebi

• 11 luqsi saSualo

•

• 6 luqsi 90-wuTiani

• 1 luqsi minimumi

0.6 luqsi 90 wuTiani minimumi

•

saSualo

§1007-Si ganxilulia SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirTa gasasvlelisadmi moTxovnebi. ZiriTadi moTxovnaa, rom SenobaSi misadgom sivrceebs hqondes misadgomi gasasvleli saSualebebi. sadac erTze meti gasasvleli saSualebaa saWiro, gamoyenebis an mosargebleTa datvirTvis safuZvelze, minimum ori misadgomi gasasvleli saSualebaa aucilebeli.

•

aRsaniSnavia, rom or gasasvlel saSualebasTan dakavSirebuli es moTxovna gamoiyeneba maSinac, roca sami an meti gasasvleli SeiZleba iyos aucilebeli mosargebleTa raodenobidan gamomdinare. es debuleba exeba mxolod axal mSeneblobas, ar aris aucilebeli arsebuli Senobebis gadakeTebebis dros, Tumca samuSaoebi gadakeTebul farTobebze unda Seesabamebodes kodis moTxovnebs, romlebic gansazRvrulia gadakeTebuli farTobisaTvis. oTx an met sarTuliani SenobebisaTvis, erTi misadgomi gasasvleli saSualeba unda warmoadgendes lifts, romelic uzrunvelyofilia saTadarigo energomomaragebiT da sasignalo meqanizmebiT, §1007.4-is Sesabamisad.

•

• • •

•

vinaidan TavSesafari farTobi ganmartebulia, rogorc adgili, sadac instruqciebs elian, ormxrivi komunikaciebi aucilebelia TavSesafar farTobsa da centralur sakontrolo punqts Soris, an telefon-avtomatis saSualebiT, Tu ar arsebobs mudmivi sakontrolo punqti. komunikacia unda iyos vizualuric da xmovanic.

150 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi karebebi, WiSkrebi da turniketebi

bzriala karebebi

§1008 aris zogadi nawili, romeli exeba yvela kars, WiSkars an turnikets, romlebic gasasvleli saSualebebis sami nawilidan romelimes nawilia.

sadac gasasvleli karebebi denze muSaobs, denis gaTiSvis SemTxvevaSi isini unda iRebodes. misadgomis makontroleblebian karebebs unda hqondes aseve saimedo (dazianebis avtomaturad amcilebeli) meqanizmebi, rom SesaZlebeli iyos gasvla denis gaTiSvis SemTxvevaSi. nebismieri gasasvleli kari unda muSaobdes martivad da ar unda sWirdebodes specialuri codna an Zalisxmeva momxmareblis mxridan.

§1008.1 moiTxovs, rom gasasvleli karebebi advilad ganirCeodes momijnave konstruqciisgan. isini arcerT SemTxvevaSi ar unda iyos yru karebebi, dafaruli dekoratiuli masalebiT. §1008.1.3.4-is mixedviT, SenobebSi an saijaro sivrceebSi A, B, E, R-1 an R-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi Sesasvlel karebebs SeiZleba hqondes midgomis sakontrolo sistemebi Sesasvlelad da gasasvlelad, roca yvela qvemoT mocemuli piroba daculia. E da B jgufis saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebis erTad aRebuli moTxovnebi, gansakuTrebiT muxli 6, iZleva uflebas, gakontroldes garedan Semosvla da ar gakontroldes gareT gasvla mosargebleebis mier Senobis gamoyenebis periodSi. 1. sensori mdebareobs karis gareTa mxares, romelic grZnobs mosargeblis moaxloebas da aRebs kars sensoridan wamosuli signaliT an sensorisTvis denis gaTiSviT. 2. denis gaTiSva misadgomis sakontrolo sistemis im nawilSi, romelic ketavs kars, avtomaturad aRebs karebebs.

3. karebebs aqvs xeliT marTvadi gamRebi sistema, romelic mdebareobs 1016 - 1219 mm-ze iatakidan da 1524 mm-is sazRvrebSi daculi/Caketili karebebidan. xeliT marTvadi gamRebi meqanizmi advilad misadgomi unda iyos da hqondes aRniSvna `miaWireT, rom gaiRos~. xeliT gamRebi meqanizmis muSaobis dros sakets unda eTiSebodes deni da kari rCebodes Cauketavi minimum ocdaaTi wamis ganmavlobaSi. 4. Senobis saxanZro gangaSis sistemis gaaqtiurebiT avtomaturad iReba karebebi da Cauketavi rCeba gangaSis sistemis xelaxla gamarTvamde.

5. Senobis saSxefebeli sistemis an cecxlis aRmomCeni sistemis (Tu aris) gaaqtiurebis SemTxvevaSi, avtomaturad iReba karebebi da Cauketavi rCeba sistemis xelaxal gamarTvamde.

6. Sesasvleli karebebi A, B, E an M gamoyenebebSi SeiZleba ar Caiketos gareTa mxridan im periodebSi, rodesac SenobaSi Sesvla daSvebulia sazogadoebisaTvis.

§1008.1.3.1. bzriala karebebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos, rogorc gasasvleli karebebi, roca karis frTebi iReba gasasvlelis mimarTulebiT da uzrunvelyofs gasasvlelis 914 mm mTlian siganes. praqtikuli miznebisaTvis, sasurvelia, TiToeuli Riobi iyos tipiuri karebebisaTvis aucilebeli minimumi - minimum 813 mm.

A

bzriala karebebis tevadoba da gamoyeneba SezRudulia. bzriala karebebi SeiZleba ikavebdes aucilebeli gasasvlelis moculobis araumetes 50%-s.

TiToeuli karis tevadoba unda iyos araumetes 50 mosargeble da gaRebis Zala ar unda aRematebodes 578 niutons. A plus B unda iyos minimum 914.4 mm.

•

gasasvleli karebebi ar unda iyos 2032 mm-ze dabali.

gasasvlel karebebs unda hqondes minimum 813 mm Tavisufali sigane, gazomili karis wina mxridan SemCereblamde, roca kari 90 garduszea Ria. • praqtikulad, es niSnavs, rom gasasvleli karebebi yovelTvis unda iyos 914 × 2032 mm, rom uzrunvelyos aucilebeli minimaluri Tavisufali Riobebi. karis maqsimaluri individualuri siganeebi anjamiani gasasvleli karebebisaTvis aris 1219 mm.

• arsebobs sxva umniSvnelo gamonaklisebi karebebisTvis, romlebic patara sakuWnaoebSi an sacxovreblebSia gamoyenebuli, Tumca damproeqtebelma Tavi unda aaridos maT gamoyenebas. Cveni rekomendaciaa, tipiuri, 914 mm siganis karis mimarT arsebuli kriteriumebis gamoyeneba sacxovrebeli gamoyenebebis karebebTan, maSinac ki, roca ar aris moTxovnili misadgomobis standartebiT. • gasasvleli karebebi, Cveulebriv, unda iyos erT mxares Camokidebuli ormxriv moZravi karebebi. isini unda iRebodes gasasvlelisken savali mimarTulebiT, roca emsaxureba 50-ze met mosargebleTa datvirTvas, an roca emsaxureba nebismier datvirTvas didi safrTxis Semcvel gamoyenebebSi. arsebobs §1008.1.2-is gamonaklisebi:

LOCKED PUSH TO EXIT

1524 maq.

•

•

B

1016-1220

gasasvleli karebebi

LOCKED

• midgomis kriteriumebi zRudavs Zalas, romelic saWiroa karebebis gasaRebad. maqsimaluri Zalaa 22 niutoni interieris karebebisTvis da 67 niutoni eqsterieris karebebisTvis.

67

22

MEANS OF EGRESS / 151

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi baqnebi §1008.1.4. karis orive mxares unda iyos baqani an iataki da iatakis an baqnis done unda iyos erTnairi. sacxovrebel gamoyenebebSi arsebobs gamonaklisebi damcav badiani karebisaTvis da interieris kibeebTan, rom SesaZlebeli iyos karebebis gaReba baqnebis Tavze.

•

§1008.1.5. baqnebis sigane ar unda iyos kibis an karis (romelic ufro didia) siganeze patara.

•

Ria poziciaSi myofi karebebisgan Semcirebuli aucilebeli sigane an baqnis siRrme ar unda iyos 178 mm-ze naklebi.

sigane

ne ga si /2

• baqnebis sigrZe unda iyos minimum 1118 mm savali mimarTulebiT, magram gamonaklisia sacxovrebeli gamoyenebebi, sadac sigrZe SeiZleba iyos 914 mm.

• 50 an meti mosargebleTa datvirTvebisTvis, kari arcerT poziciaSi ar unda amcirebdes baqnis siganes misi aucilebeli siganis naxevarze metad.

•

§1008.1.6. SeZlebisdagvarad, karis zRurblebi unda iyos swori, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis pirebs gasvlis SesaZlebloba hqondeT. roca zRurblebi saWiroa eqsterieris karebebTan an masalebis doneebis cvlilebebTan, isini ar unda iyos 19,1 mm-ze maRali sriala karebebTan sacxovrebel erTeulebSi da 12,7 mm sxva karebebisTvis. 6,4 mm-ze didi gansxvavebebi iatakis doneebs Soris unda gaswordes araumetes 2:1 (50%-iani qanobiT). es moTxovnebi unda Sedardes ADAAG debulebebs, radgan ADA-s SeiZleba ufro mkacri moTxovnebi hqondes ufro dabali zRurblebisaTvis.

•

§1008.1.7. karebebis rigi erTmaneTisgan daSorebuli unda iyos minimum 1219 mm-iT, amaSi ar Sedis TiToeuli karis moZraoba. amdenad, sadac 914 mm siganis kari iReba meore karisken, maT Soris sivrce unda iyos minimum 2134 mm sigrZis. gamonaklisebis mixedviT daSvebulia denze erToblivad/tandemSi momuSave karebebi da ormagi karebebi an damcavbadiani karebebi sacxovrebel gamoyenebebSi erTmaneTTan ufro axlo-axlos iyos.

2 1

6,4 mm

6,4 mm

1219 mm

•

• §1008.1.8.6-is mixedviT, kodiani saketebi SeiZleba ar damontaJdes karebebze, romlebic emsaxureba A, E an H gamoyenebebs.

152 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi saketebi da razebi §1008.1.8 moiTxovs, rom gasasvleli karebebi advilad iRebodes, gasasvleli mxridan gasaRebis an specialuri codnisa Tu Zalisxmevis gareSe. nebismieri karis an frTis raza unda iRebodes araumetes erTi operaciiT. es iTvaliswinebs gasasvleli gzis mimarTulebas da imas, rom gzis saSualebiT advili da martivi iyos gasvla Senobis im mosargeblisTvisac, romelic kargad ar icnobs Senobas.

• •

§1008.1.8.1 karebebi misadgomi unda iyos meqanizmis wvalebis an CabRauWebis gareSe. berketiani saxelurebi akmayofilebs am kriteriumebs. §1008.1.8.2. karis saxelurebi, uZravi saxelurebi, saketebi da sxva meqanizmebi unda damontaJdes mopirkeTebuli iatakidan 864-1219 mm-iT maRla.

ZiriTadi wesidan gamonaklisSi aRiarebulia specifikuri buneba 300-ze nakleb mosargebleze gaTvaliswinebul dakavebis centrebSi da droiT SezRuduli gamoyenebebis iseT dawesebulebebSi, rogoricaa maRaziebi, TavSeyris farTobebi da eklesiebi. gasaRebiani saketi mowyobilobebis gamoyeneba daSvebulia, roca mosargebleebs aqvT gasasvlelebi, romlebic ixsneba gamoyenebis dros da ganTavsebulia niSnebi, romlebzec aRniSnulia, rom Senobis gamoyenebis periodSi gasasvleli karebebi ar aris Caketili. denze momuSave saketebi daSvebulia garkveul pirobebSi. sivrce ise unda daproeqtdes, rom mosargebles ar uwevdes erTze meti misadgomi kontrolirebadi karis gavla, sanam gasasvlelSi Sevidodes. saSxefebeli sistemis an avtomaturi aRmomCeni sistemis gaaqtiurebisas unda moxdes karis saketebis deaqtivacia. saketebs aseve unda hqondes dazianebis avtomaturad amcilebeli meqanizmebi, rom gasvla SesaZlebeli iyos denis gaTiSvis SemTxvevaSi. aseve daSvebulia iseTi meqanizmebi, romlebic aRebs karebs gasasvlel meqanizmze uwyveti Zalis gamoyenebiT maqsimum 15 wamis ganmavlobaSi.

interieri

• unda iyos gaRebadi

•

karis gamRebi panikis dros

interieris kibis karebebi unda iRebodes orive mxridan, Tumca arsebobs ramdenime gamonaklisi. arsebobs usafrTxoebis problema, roca karebebi iReba kibis SigniTa mxridan, radgan es erTi iatakidan meoreze gadasvlis saSualebas iZleva mravalsarTulian SenobebSi. gamonaklisebi exeba am sakiTxs.

1. Senobidan gasasvleli kari gasasvleli gzis boloSi SeiZleba Caiketos eqsterieris mxares, magram unda iRebodes gasasvlelis mxares.

2. kibeebis interieris mxares karebebi SeiZleba Caiketos, Tu yvela maTgani gaiReba distanciuri makontrolebliT da kibeze aris §403.12-is Sesabamisi sakomunikacio saSualebebi.

3. karebebi SeiZleba Caiketos kibis mxares, Tu kibe emsaxureba araumetes oTx sarTuls da karebebi iReba gasasvlelis mxridan da yvela saketi erToblivad iReba Senobis garkveul adgilas myofi personalis mier.

§1008.1.9 Seicavs debulebebs panikis da xanZris dros gasasvlelis mimarT. karis gamRebi panikis dros Cveulebriv, Zelia, romelic qvemoT Camowevis SemTxvevaSi, aRebs kars. gamocdilebidan gamomdinare mas ewodeba `karis gamRebi panikis dros~, radgan TavSeyris gamoyenebebSi, sadac adamianebi SeiZleba ise miawvnen karebebs panikur situaciebSi, rom Cveulebrivi saketi gaiWedos wnevis gamo, maSinac ki, roca kari zemoTa mimarTulebiT iReba. karis gamRebi panikis dros proeqtdeba imisaTvis, rom gaaRos kari, roca adamiani awveba mas. es meqanizmi yovelTvis gamoiyeneba karebebTan, romlebic gasasvlelis mimarTulebiT iReba. karis gamRebi panikis dros aucilebelia A an E jgufis gamoyenebebSi, romelTa mosargebleTa datvirTva tolia an metia 50-is da nebismieri mosargebleTa datvirTvis mqone H jgufis gamoyenebebSi. karis gamRebi panikis dros SeiZleba ar damontaJdes A jgufis gamoyenebebSi, sadac karebebi Cauketavi rCeba samuSao saaTebSi da akmayofilebs §1008.1.8.3, muxli 2-is kriteriumebs. aseve, yuradReba miaqcieT

eqsterieri

• SeiZleba Caiketos

am nawilSi panikis dros karis gamRebTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs garkveul eleqtro meqanizmebis oTaxebTan. karis gamRebi panikis dros saWiro ar aris Zalian did TavSeyris gamoyenebebSi, rogoricaa: stadionebi, sadac WiSkrebi, Cveulebriv, mudmivi meTvalyureobis qveSaa.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 153

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi kibeebi §1009 moicavs moTxovnebs safexurebis rigebis da kibeebis dasaproeqteblad.

•

§1009.1. kibe unda iyos minimum 1118 mm siganis, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca emsaxureba 50-ze nakleb mosargebleTa datvirTvas. am SemTxvevaSi, SeiZleba iyos 914 mm siganis.

•

§1009.2. kibis nebismier wertilSi simaRle unda iyos minimum 2032 mm.

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§1009.3. kibis safexurebis horizontaluri zedapiris siRrme unda iyos minimum 279 mm. safexurebis vertikaluri nawilis minimaluri simaRle unda iyos 102 mm da maqsimaluri 178 mm.

ZiriTadi gamonaklisi safexuris vertikaluri nawilis simaRlisa da horizontaluri zedapiris siRmis moTxovnebis mimarT aris sacxovrebel da damxmare sargeblobebSi, sadac safexurebis simaRle SeiZleba iyos maqsimum 197 mm, xolo siRrme minimum 254 mm. §1009.3.2. safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris siRrme da vertikaluri nawilis simaRle arsebiTad erTnairi gabaritis unda iyos, plius-minus 9,5 mm cdomilebiT yvelaze patarasa da yvelaze dids Soris nebismieri kibis sazRvrebSi. sadac zeda an qveda safexuris vertikaluri nawili esazRvreba daxril trotuars an sazogadoebriv gzas, safexuris vertikaluri nawilis simaRle SeiZleba iyos 102 mm-ze naklebi, maqsimum 1:12 (8%) ganivi qanobiT kibis siganis perpendikularulad. qveda safexuris kideze unda iyos gansxvavebuli feris zoli da arasriala zedapiri, rom mosargebleebi gafrTxildnen baqnis araTanabari qanobis gamo. maqsimum 178 mm

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154 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi

• • •

maqsimum 12.7 mm dacereba

•

maqsimum 30∞ (0.52 radiani)

•

•

SemomzRudavebi kibeebis qveS §1009.5.3 moiTxovs, rom SemozRuduli gamoyenebadi sivrce kibeebis qveS daculi iyos 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT. erTaderTi gamonaklisia kibeebi R-2 an R-3 gamoyenebebSi.

•

kibes unda hqondes baqnebi TavSi da boloSi, aseve, mimarTulebis Secvlis adgilebSi.

•

baqnebis sigane ar unda iyos kibis siganeze naklebi da savali mimarTulebiT gazomili minimaluri sigrZe toli unda iyos kibis siganis.

• Tumca, erTi mimarTulebis mqone kibeebis baqnebi ar unda iyos 1219 mm-ze grZeli, maSinac ki, roca kibis sigane aRemateba 1219 mm-s.

es moTxovna exeba eqsterieris kibeebis qveS mdebare msgavs sivrceebs. gamoyenebad sivrces ar unda hqondes misadgomi kibis SemomzRudavis SigniTa mxridan. aRsaniSnavia, rom moTxovnebis Tanaxmad, ar aris aucilebeli, kibis qveda mxare SemozRuduli iyos cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone SemomzRudaviT mxolod imitom, rom kibeebis qveS ganTavsebulia gamoyenebadi sivrce. es moTxovnebi sruldeba mxolod maSin, roca TviTon gamoyenebadi sivrcea SemozRuduli. Tumca, aRsaniSnavia, rom Ria sivrce eqsterieris kibeebis qveS ar unda gamoiyenebodes raime daniSnulebiT.

maqsimum 32 mm naSveri

12.7 mm radiusi maqsimum misadgom gasasvlel gzaze kibis safexurebis vertikaluri nawili daxuruli unda iyos. arsebobs §1009.3.3-is gamonaklisi, romelic uSvebs Ria/gamWvirvale vertikalur nawilian safexurebs I-3 gamoyenebebSi. es dakavebis centrebSi dacvis samsaxurs saSualebas aZlevs, akontrolos kibeebis qveS mdebare farTobebi. safexuris cxviris gabaritebi, safexurebis vertikaluri nawilis daxriloba da safexurebis horizontaluri zedapiris wina safexurebze gadmonaSveris zoma mocemulia §1009.3.3-Si.

• •

kibis savali zedapirebi mdgradi da arasriala unda iyos. iatakebs an baqnebs Soris, nebismieri calkeuli kibis marSis vertikaluri simaRle ar unda aRematebodes 3658 mm-s.

qanobi

•

eqsterieris safexurebis rigi ise unda daproeqtdes, rom ar dagrovdes wyali.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 155

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi mrudi kibeebi, xveuli kibeebi da spiraluri kibeebi dasaSvebia gasasvlelis elementebSi SezRuduli gamoyenebiT, umTavresad, sacxovrebel gamoyenebebSi.

wriuli kibeebi SeiZleba iyos gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis nawili, roca isini akmayofilebs gabaritebTan dakavSirebul Semdeg moTxovnebs.

• •

mrudi kibeebis safexurebis horizontaluri zedapirebi da vertikaluri nawilebi Seesabameba §1009.3-s. mrudi kibis mokle radiusi ar aris kibis aucilebel siganeze orjer naklebi.

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wriuli kibis safexurebis horizontaluri zedapirebi ar aris 254 mm-ze naklebi viwro boloSi da 279 mm an naklebi, roca izomeba safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris viwro bolodan 305 mm wertilSi.

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216 mm safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris minimaluri siRrme 127 mm safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris minimaluri naSveri

•

241 mm safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris minimaluri simaRle

•

178 mm safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris minimaluri sigane

305 mm

monacvle safexurebiani kibeebis gamoyeneba gasasvlel saSualebad dasaSvebia Zalian iSviaT SemTxvevebSi, I-3 gamoyenebebSi sayaraulo koSkebisa da sakontrolo oTaxebisaTvis, an F, H an S gamoyenebebSi. amgvari kibeebi gamoiyeneba interierSi, romlis farTobi 23 m2-ze naklebia. safexurebis aseTi rigi SeiZleba gamoiyenebodes gamouyenebel saxuravebze misadgomad.

156 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi saxuravTan misadgomi §1009.11 moiTxovs, rom oTx an met sarTulian SenobebSi, minimum erTi kibe grZledebodes saxuravamde, Tu saxuravis qanobi 4:12-ze metad damreci ar aris. gamonaklisis mixedviT, daSvebulia gamouyenebel saxuravebTan midgoma araumcires 1,2 m2 farTobis saxuravis vertikaluri gasasvleliT (luqiT), romlis minimaluri gabaritia 610 mm.

pandusebi §1010 Seicavs debulebebs yvela pandusisaTvis, romlebic gasasvleli saSualebis nawilia, Tu isini ar icvleba sxva miTiTebuli debulebebiT. magaliTad, §1025.11 aregulirebs TavSeyris farTobebze mdebare pandusebs.

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pandusSi ganivi qanobebi ar unda aRematebodes 1:48-s (2%-s).

•

Sualedur baqnebs Soris, pandusebis vertikaluri amaRleba izRudeba 762 mm-mde.

4

3

2

1

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pandusebs zemoT minimaluri sivrce iseTivea, rogoric kibeebis Tavze (2032 mm).

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gasasvlel saSualebebSi pandusebis qanobi ar unda aRematebodes 1:12-s (8%-s).

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sxva pandusebis qanobi ar unda aRematebodes 1:8-s (12,5%-s). rekomendirebulia, damproeqtebelma arasdros gamoiyenos 1:12-ze damreci pandusebi, maSinac ki, roca savali gzebi ar saWiroebs misadgomobasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobas. 1:12 qanobiani pandusebi saval gzebs misadgomsa da usafrTxos xdis Senobis yvela mosargeblisaTvis. gasasvlel saSualebebSi pandusebis sigane ar unda iyos §1017.2-Si gansazRvrul derefnebis siganeze naklebi; es sigane, Cveulebriv, aris 1118 mm. sxva pandusebis minimaluri Tavisufali sigane moajiris saxelurebs Soris (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi), SeiZleba iyos 914 mm. gasasvleli pandusis dadgenili sigane ar unda Semcirdes gasasvlelis mimarTulebiT.

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•

MEANS OF EGRESS / 157

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi

• baqnebi unda moewyos TiToeuli pandusis TavSi da boloSi da mimarTulebis Secvlis adgilebSi.

•

baqnis sigane ar unda iyos momijnave pandusebis siganeze naklebi.

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baqnebi unda iyos minimum 1525 mm sigrZis. es niSnavs, rom pandusis baqnebis sigrZe, Cveulebriv, ufro didia, vidre maTi sigane.

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baqnebi, romlebic mimarTulebis Secvlis adgilebSia, unda iyos minimum 1525 × 1525 mm. baqnebs unda hqondes 1:48 qanobi (2%) drenaJirebisaTvis.

•

•

moajirebi unda ganTavsdes §1013.1-Si gansazRvrul adgilebSi. es moTxovna exeba pandusis mxareebis gaswvriv 762 mm an met dadablebis arsebobas da sadac pandusebi esazRvreba gamWvirvale masalebs.

• 152 432 mm dan 483 mm - mde

•

baqnisken gaRebadi karebebi ar unda amcirebdes Tavisufal siganes ise, rom 1067 mm-ze naklebi darCes.

mm-ze metad amaRlebul pandusebs unda hqondes saxelurebi orive mxares. saxelurebisadmi moTxovnebi iseTivea, rogoric kibeebis moajiris saxelurebisadmi; ix. §1009.10 da §1012.

• sadac pandusebisa da baqnebis kideebi

≥

762 mm

•

158 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

daculi unda iyos, damcavad SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas moajiri pandusis zemoT 432-483 mm-iT maRla an bordiuli an barieri, romelic 102 mm diametris sferos daicavs sxva doneze gadagorebisgan. daculi kideebi ar sWirdeba trotuaris pandusebs da pandusebis an kibeebis mosazRvre baqnebs, da pandusebs, romlebic momijnave zedapirTan axlosaa ise, rom kidis dadableba 12,7 mm-ze naklebia.

• 30 480 mm

gasasvlelis niSnebi unda iyos nebadarTuli dizainis Sesabamisi, unda naTdebodes Sida da gare saSualebebiT da SeeZlos uzrunvelyos ganaTeba 90 wuTis ganmavlobaSi batareis, Sida ganaTebis an saavario energomomaragebis wyaros saSualebiT.

• gasasvlelis niSnebi garkveviT unda Candes •

EXIT gasasvlelis niSani

da ganTavsebuli unda iyos gasasvlelis misadgomi derefnis nebismieri wertilidan araumetes 30 480 mm-is daSorebiT. gasasvlelis SexebiT SesagrZnobi niSnebi misadgomi unda iyos SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis adamianebisaTvis da unda ganTavsdes gasasvleli kibis karebebTan, gasasvlel gzebTan da Senobidan gasasvlelebTan.

EXIT

• •

1524 mm

§1011.1 moiTxovs gasasvlelis niSnebis ganTavsebas gasasvlelebTan da gasasvlelis misadgom karebebTan. gasasvlelis niSnebi SeiZleba ar ganTavsdes zogierT sacxovrebel gamoyenebaSi da iseT SemTxvevebSi, roca gasasvleli gza advilad SesamCnevia mosargebleebisaTvis. niSnebis gamotovebis SemTxvevebi unda gadamowmdes da damtkicdes mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemis mier.

30 480 mm

gasasvlelis niSnebi

gasasvlelis niSani mimarTulebis mimTiTebeli isriT

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi

saxelurebi unda grZeldebodes horizontalurad kibis TavSi mdebare safexuris vertikaluri nawilidan 305 mm-ze. saxelurebi unda mdebareobdes kibis safexuris cxviridan 864-965 mm-iT maRla.

• saxelurebis qanobi aseve unda grZel-

debodes bolo safexuris vertikaluri nawilidan erTi safexuris horizontaluri zedapiris sigrZeze.

•

aRsaniSnavia, rom ADAAG moiTxovs damatebiT 305 mm-ze horizontalurad gagrZelebas kibis boloSi. damproeqtebelma araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda gamoiyenos ADAAG-is gabaritebze naklebi gabaritebi, garda im SemTxvevisa, sadac kibe mdebareobs sacxovrebelSi da ara misadgom gzaze.

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roca saxelurebi ar grZeldeba momijnave marSis saxelurebamde, isini unda brundebodes kedlisken an savali zedapirisken.

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kibis mxolod is nawilebi, romlebic saxeluridan 762 mm-is sazRvrebSia, SeiZleba Sevides gasasvlelis tevadobisaTvis aucilebel siganeSi. es niSnavs, rom kibis SuaSi moajirebi/saxelurebi unda ganTavsdes im SemTxvevaSi, roca isini 1524 mm-ze ganieri unda iyos.

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kibis sigane, romelic saxelurebidan 762 mm-ze metia, ar iTvleba gasasvlelis tevadobaSi.

saxelurebi §1009.10-Si gansazRvrulia, rom kibeebs unda hqondes saxelurebi orive mxares, §1012-is Sesabamisad, gamonaklisia rigebs Soris gasavleli kibeebi, romlis centrSic ganTavsebulia moajiri, an sacxovreblebis kibeebi. saxelurebi saWiro ar aris sadac mxolod erTi safexuria iseT doneebs Soris, romelTa gabariti tolia an metia baqnis gabaritisa, da sacxovreblebSi, sadac doneebs Soris mxolod erTi safexuria.

• moajirebi unda iyos uwyveti, gamonak-

•

lisia sacxovreblebi, sadac misaRebia yoveli kibis marSis boloSi moajiri sruldeba svetebiTa da moRunuli/ moxrili boloebiT. saxeluris wagrZeleba ar moiTxoveba, sadac saxelurebi uwyvetia marSebs Soris.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 159

gasasvlelisadmi saerTo moTxovnebi •

•

saxelurebis profilebi

• damcavebi §1013 moiTxovs, rom moajirebi an msgavsi damcavi elementebi ganTavsdes iq, sadac gasasvlel saSualebebSi donis nebismieri cvlileba tolia an metia 762 mm-is. es moTxovna gamoiyeneba maSinac, roca gasasvleli saSualebebi emijneba gamWvirvale elementebs, romelTa gamZleoba ar Seesabameba moajirebis da damcavebis mimarT arsebul moTxovnebs, romlebic warmodgenilia §1607.7-Si.

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saxelurebi iseTi unda iyos, rom SeiZlebodes xelis mokideba, maTi minimaluri diametri unda iyos 32 mm da maqsimaluri - 51 mm. misaRebia sxva formebi, Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba xelis mokideba. aRsaniSnavia, rom `xelis mokidebis SesaZleblobis~ ganmarteba eqvemdebareba mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemis mier interpretirebas. wriuli profilis armqone moajirebis perimetris gabariti unda iyos minimum 102 mm, magram araumetes 159 mm da ganivi kveTis maqsimaluri gabariti 57 mm. saxelurebsa da kedlebs Soris unda iyos 38 mm Tavisufali sivrce, rom SesaZlebeli iyos xelis mokideba. saxeluri ar unda Seicavdes wvetian an damfxaWvnel elementebs, rom kibiT mosargebleebs xeli ar SeuSalos saxelurze xelis mokidebaSi. kideebis minimaluri radiusi unda iyos 3,2 mm. iseTi naSverebi, rogoricaa: Canebi da plintusebi, dasaSvebia yvela saxelurTan, magram isini ar unda SeiWras kibis aucilebel siganeSi 114 mm-ze metad.

• damcavebis simaRle izomeba kibeze safex•

urebis frontidan. damcavebi, Cveulebriv, 1067 mm simaRlisaa. gamonaklisia sacxovreblebi, sadac maTi simaRle SeiZleba iyos 864-dan 965 mm-is diapazonSi, roca mdebareoben Ria kibis gverd(eb)is gaswvriv da aseve asruleben saxeluris funqcias.

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safexuris horizontalur zedapirs, vertikalur nawilsa da moajirs Soris arsebuli samkuTxa sivrce SeiZleba qmnides araumetes 152 mm diametris gasasvlels.

• minimum 1067 mm simaRle savali zedapirebidan

•

• < 3048 mm

• min. 1067mm

§1002-Si `damcavi~ gansazRvrulia, rogorc Senobis komponenti, romelic mdebareobs amaRlebuli savali gzis gverdebTan an axlos da minimumamde amcirebs qveda doneze Cavardnis SesaZleblobas. am moTxovnebis mizania, Senobis nebismieri mosargeble, romelic moZraobs gasasvlel saSualebebSi, daculi iyos gasasvleli saSualebebis kideebidan gadavardnisgan. aseTi damcavebi saWiro ar aris, roca isini xels SeuSlis gamoyenebebis nawilebis daniSnulebiT gamoyenebas, magaliTad iseT farTobebze, sadac auditoria uyurebs scenas, an teqnikur ormoebTan da satvirTo baqnebTan.

533 mm diametris sfero

160 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

damcavebi iatakidan 864 mm simaRlemde ise unda daproeqdes, rom 102 mm diametris sferosebri sagani ver gaetios. [R-2 da R-3 saZinebeli erTeulebis RiobebSi SeiZleba gaetios 111 mm diametris sferosebri sagani.]

864-dan 1067 mm simaRlemde, damcavi SeiZleba ufro Ria iyos ise, rom masSi gaetios 203 mm diametris sferosebri sagani.

I-3, F, H an S gamoyenebebSi, sadac Sesvla ar aris Tavisufali, moajirebs Soris daSorebaSi ar unda gaetios 533 mm diametris sferosebri sagani. aseTi damcavebi unda moewyos saxuravis Tavze mdebare meqanikur mowyobilobasTan an saxuravis misadgom RiobebTan, romlebic saxuravis kididan 3048 mm-ze axlosaa.

gasasvlelTan misadgomi gasasvleli • gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvleli nawiliSeiZlebaSeicavdesnebismierSemdeg komponents: eqsterieris gasasvleli kari gruntis niSnulis doneze, gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi da savali gzebi, eqsterieris gasasvleli kibeebi an pandusebi da horizontaluri gasasvlelebi.

• gasasvlelebi aRniSnavs gasasvlelTan misadgomis bolosa da gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis gasasvleli nawilis dasawyiss.

§1014 - §1017 moicavs gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvlelTan misadgom nawils, romelic Senobis nebismieri gamoyenebuli nawilidan miemarTeba gasasvlelis nebismier komponentamde - gruntis niSnulis doneze mdebare eqsterieris gasasvlel karamde, gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebsa da gasasvlel gzebamde, horizontalur gasasvlelebsa da eqsterieris gasasvlel kibeebamde. amdenad, gasasvlelTan misadgomSi Sedis Senobis funqcionaluri farTobebi gasasvleli savali gzebis sxvadasxva doneebis gaswvriv, rasac detalurad ganvixilavT. §1014 - §1017 analizidan naTeli gaxdeba, rom gasasvlelTan misadgomis sxvadasxva elemenetebis dacvasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs Soris arsebobs ierarqia. roca mosargebleTa raodenoba izrdeba an mosargebleebi uaxlovdebian gasasvlels, es moTxovnebi mkacrdeba.

gasasvlelTan misadgomis daproeqtebasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi §1015 da §1016 Seicavs daproeqtebis ZiriTad moTxovnebs gasasvlelebisa da gasasvlelTan misadgomis karebebs Soris manZilisTvis, exeba ra iseT sakiTxebs, rogorebicaa: gasasvleli gzebis raodenoba da ganlageba, savali manZilebi, aseve, gasasvleli Semxvedri oTaxebisa da sivrceebis gavliT.

saerTo moxmarebis derefani

mosar geble A

mosar geble B

mosar geble C

X mosargeble D

gasasvlelTan misadgomi • gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvlelTan misadgomi nawili miemarTeba nebismieri gamoyenebuli wertilidan Senobis gasasvlelisken.

• gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakarebi miemarTeba gasasvlelTan misadgomis erTi komponentidan gasasvlelTan misadgomis meore komponentisken. aRsaniSnavia, rom gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakari warmoadgens Riobs, romelsac SeiZleba hqondes an ar hqondes kari.

• aRsaniSnavia, aseve, rom terminebi `gasasvleli~ da `gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakari~ gamoyenebulia im azriT, rogorc ganmartebulia §1015-is zogad nawilSi. IBC §1014.2-is mixedviT, ar aris nebadarTu• li, rom oTaxidan an sivrcidan gasasvleli gadiodes Semxvedri sivrceebis gavliT, Tu isini ar aris am farTobis damxmare sivrceebi da ar arsebobs gasasvlelisken savali advilad SesamCnevi gza, romelic gasasvlelisken miemarTeba. es momijnave sivrceebi ar SeiZleba iyos didi safrTxis Semcveli gamoyenebebi, Tu oTaxebi imave gamoyenebis jgufs ar miekuTvneba.

• gasasvleli gzebi ar unda gadiodes samzareuloebis, saTavso oTaxebis, sakuWnaoebis an msgavsi sivrceebis gavliT, iseTi oTaxebis gavliT, romlebic iketeba da aferxebs gasvlas, an saZinebeli farTobebis an sacxovrebel erTeulebSi mdebare saabazano oTaxebis gavliT. • gasasvleli gzebi SeiZleba gadiodes iseTi samzareuloebis gavliT, romlebic imave sacxovrebeli erTeulis an sastumro oTaxis nawilia.

• mosargebleebs ar unda sWirdebodes iseTi sivrcis gavliT gasvla, romelsac sxva mosargeble an mesakuTre akontrolebs. magaliTad, gasasvleli gzebi ar unda kveTdes momijnave saijaro farTobebs, sacxvrebel erTeulebs an saZinebel erTeulebs. TiToeul mosargebles unda hqondes gasasvlel saSualebebTan sakuTari misadgomi, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 161

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gza

*

§1002.1 gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gza ganmartebulia, rogorc gasasvlelTan misadgomis nawili, romelic mosargebleebma unda gaiaron, sanam ar miaRweven or damoukidebel da individualur gasasvlel gzamde, romlebic ori gasasvlelisken miemarTeba. rogorc 165-e gverdze mocemul cxrilSia aRniSnuli, gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gzebi izRudeba §1014.3-is Sesabamisad.

•

•

*

•

gza A

0

7.8

gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gza aris gasasvlelTan misadgomis nebismieri nawili, romelic mosargebles ar aZlevs arCevanis saSualebas damoukidebel da gansxvavebul gasasvlel gzebs Soris, romlebic ori gasasvlelisken miemarTeba. is izomeba oTaxis yvelaze Sori wertilidan im wertilamde, sadac mosargeblisTvis misawvdomi xdeba calkeul gasasvlelebTan mimavali ramdenime gza. dasaSvebi manZilebi warmodgenilia qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi. gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gza moicavs gzebs, romlebic iyofa an erwymis gasasvlelTan misadgoms im adgilamde, sadac ramdenime biliki miemarTeba calkeuli gasasvlelebisken.

gza B

gza A

<

15.2

22.9

gza B

30.5

38.1 metrebi

gamoyeneba yvela, qvemoT mocemuli gamonaklisebis garda H-1 H-2 H-3 B, F, S

§1014.3, gamonaklisi 1

B, S, U gamoyeneba < 30-is saijaro sivrceSi

§1014.3, gamonaklisi 2

I-3

§1014.3, gamonaklisi 3 §1014.3, gamonaklisi 4

R-2 saSxefebeli sistemis gareSe saSxefebeli sistemiT

162 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

marTalia, ilustrirebuli sivrcis sazRvrebSi ori arCevani arsebobs, gansaxilveli sivrcidan orive alternatiuli gza mainc erTi gasasvleli saSualebisken miemarTeba. kodSi araferia naTqvami imaze, rogor izomeba gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gzis sigrZe am SemTxvevaSi, Tumca gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gzis sigrZis gazomvis yvelaze konservatiuli gzaa, gaizomos ori alternatiuli gasasvleli gzidan ufro grZelis gaswvriv. gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gzis bolo aRiniSneba niSniT

*

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi gasasvlelTan misadgomi komponentebi

•

§1014 - §1017 -Si mocemuli kriteriumebi exeba im komponentebs, romlebic gvxvdeba mxolod gasasvlelTan misadgomis sazRvrebSi. SeiZleba Segvxvdes zogadi terminebic gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvlelTan da Senobidan gasasvlTan kavSirSi, magram maTi gamoyeneba unda ganvixiloT im konteqstSi, gasasvlelis saSualebebis romeli nawilebicaa aRwerili kodis sxvadasxva nawilebSi.

•

gasasvlelTan misadgomis komponentebs Soris arsebobs garkveuli ierarqia, rogorc aRwerilia qvemoT.

• •

gasavleli §1014.4-Si `gasavlelSi~ ar igulisxmeba mxolod pirobiT ganmartebaSi Cadebuli Sinaarsi, romelic mas fiqsirebul skamebian TavSeyris farTobebTan akavSirebs, aramed ukavSirdeba aseve gasasvlelTan misadgomis nebismier gamoyenebul nawils. komponentebi SeiZleba iyos fiqsirebuli an gadaadgilebadi, rogoricaa: magidebi, mowyobilobebi an skamebi. TavSeyris farTobebSi gasavlelebi fiqsirebul skamebs Soris, Ria an daxurul tribunebze regulirdeba §1025-is Sesabamisad. gasavleli umartivesi komponentia gasasvlelTan misadgomSi, romelic yvelaze moqnilia. gasavlelTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis mizania, uzrunvelyos Tavisufali gasasvleli gzebi imisaTvis, rom Senobis mosargebleebma advilad ipovon gasasvlelebisken misasvleli gzebi sagangebo situaciaSi. gasavlelebis moTxovnebi ukavSirdeba Cauxergav siganeebs; gasavlelebs ar sWirdeba cecxlgamZle konstruqciebi. realurad, gasavlelebis moTxovnebis umetesoba exeba Senobis arafiqsirebul elementebs, rogorebicaa: magidebi, skamebi an savaWro daxlebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom damproeqtebeli ver gaakontrolebs, rogor gamoiyeneben Senobis mosargebleebi yoveldRiurad iseT farTobebs, sadac arafiqsirebuli elementebi unda ganTavsdes. Tumca, gasasvleli saSualebebis sistema rom sworad iyos daproeqtebuli, gasasvleli saSualebis proeqti unda efuZvnebodes sqematur saproeqto varaudebs, Tu rogori iqneba mosargebleTa datvirTva da avejis ganlageba. aseTi proeqtis racionalur safuZvels warmoadgens sivrcis mosalodneli gamoyenebis dadgena.

gasavlelebis aucilebeli siganeebi ar unda Caixergos, es ar exeba karebebs, saxelurebsa da morTulobas, rogorc qvemoTaa aRniSnuli. es gamonaklisebi msgavsia holebisa da derefnebis gamonaklisebisa. karebebi arcerT poziciaSi ar unda amcirebdes gasavlelis aucilebel siganes naxevarze metad. karebebi ar unda amcirebdes gasavlelebis siganes ise, rom Ria poziciaSi gasavlelis sigane 178 mm-ze naklebi iyos. moajirebi da morTuloba SeiZleba iWrebodes gasavlelebSi 38 mm-ze, rac dabneulobas iwvevs imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu rogor unda gamoviyenoT amgvari moTxovnebi avejTan an skamebTan mimarTebaSi.

•

§1014.4.1 gansazRvravs, rom gasavlelis moTxovnebi B jgufis ofisSi da M jgufis savaWro/komerciul gamoyenebebSi unda ganisazRvros mosargebleTa datvirTvis safuZvelze §1005.1-is Sesabamisad da sigane unda iyos minimum 914 mm.

•

§1014.4.1-is pirveli gamonaklisis Sesabamisad, gasavlelebi arasazogadoebrivi daniSnulebis farTobebze, romelTa mosargebleTa datvirTva 50-ze naklebia da ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, dasaSvebia iyos 711 mm siganis. radgan rTulia dadgena imisa, Tu ra aris `arasazogadoebrivi~, aseve, `ar saWiroebs misadgomobas~, daproeqtebisas girCevT gamoiyenoT sazogadoebrivi gasavlelebis mimarT arsebuli kriteriumebi. es misadgomobis reglamentebTanac iqneba SesabamisobaSi, romlebic exeba rogorc sazogadoebis, ise TanamSromlebisaTvis gankuTvnil farTobebs.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 163

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi •

§1014.4.3-Si ganxilulia dasajdomi adgilebi Tavisuflad mdgom an fiqsirebul magidebTan da skamebTan.

•

farTobebze, sadac dasajdomebi aris magidebTan an daxlebTan, skamebisTvis gansazRvrulia magidis an daxlis kididan 438 mm sivrce. amdenad, Tavisufali gasavlelis siganis gazomva iwyeba daxlis an magidis kididan skamebisaTvis gansazRvruli 483 mm-is Semdeg. sadac skamebi an uzurgo skamebi fiqsirebulia, Tavisufali sigane SeiZleba gaizomos fiqsirebuli skamis ukana mxridan.

gasavlelTan misadgomi gzebi §1014.4.3.1 yofs magidebisa da skamebis Semcvel farTobebs gasavlelebad da gasavlelTan misadgom gzebad. gasavleli

• • 483 mm

483 mm

•

164 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

gasavlelebTan misadgomi gzebi gasasvlelTan misadgomis is nawilia, romelic gasavlelisken miemarTeba. garkveuli rigiT dawyobili skamebisa da magidebis momsaxure gasavlelebTan misadgomi gzebis minimaluri sigane unda Seesabamebodes §1005.1-is zogad moTxovnebs, mosargebleTa datvirTvebis safuZvelze gamoTvliT, magram sigane araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda iyos §1014.4.1-Si gansazRvrulze naklebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom arasazogadoebriv farTobebze arsebul gasavlelebs iseve frTxilad unda mivudgeT, rogorc sazogadoebrivi daniSnulebis farTobebze arsebulT vudgebiT. gasavlelTan misadgomi gzebi (magidebisa da skamebisaTvis gankuTvnili farTobis sazRvrebSi) unda iyos minimum 305 mm siganis, plus 12,7 mm gasavlelTan misadgomi gzis 3658 mm sigrZis miRma yovel damatebiT 305 mm-sTvis.

•

es minimaluri gabariti ar exeba 4 an nakleb magidas, roca gasavlelTan misadgomi 1829 mm an naklebia.

•

gasavlelTan misadgomi gzis sigrZe izRudeba 9144 mm-mde, sanam mosargebles ar eZleva ori an meti gasasvleli gzis gamoyenebis arCevani, romlebic cal-calke gasasvlelebisaken midis.

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi gasasvlelebisa da gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakarebi §1015.1 awesebs moTxovnebs nebismieri sivrcidan gasasvlelebisa da gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakarebis raodenobisaTvis. gasasvlelis an gasasvlelTan misadgomis ori gzakari aucilebelia, roca mosargebleTa datvirTva aRemateba 1015.1 cxrilSi mocemul sidideebs an roca gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gzis pirobebi §1014.3-Si gansazRvrulze met moTxovnas akmayofilebs. gasasvlelisken saval saerTo gzasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs qvemoT ganvixilavT.

• qvemoT warmodgenil cxrilSi gaerTianebulia kodis ramdenime nawilis moTxovnebi da Sedarebulia erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi, romlebic exeba mosargebleTa datvirTvas, gasasvlelebis raodenobas da gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gzis sigrZeebs, radgan isini dakavSirebulia sxvadasxva gamoyenebis jgufebTan.

gamoyeneba

yvela

A, E B, F H-1, 2, 3 H-4, 5 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 M R S U

* **

Cveulebriv, 49 an naklebi mosargeble, an 1015.1 cxrilis Sesabamisad

•

1015.1 cxrilSi gansazRvrul maqsimalur mosargebleTa datvirTvaze meti

1015.1 da 1019.1 cxrilebis Sesabamisad

•

aRsaniSnavia, rom §1015.1.1-Si gadamisamarTebaa §1019.1-ze, rom ganisazRvros, rodis sWirdeba iatakis farTobs sami an meti gasasvleli.

1014.3 nawilis Sesabamisad

maqsimaluri mosargebleTa mosarg. raod. mosarg. raod. saerTo savali gzis sigrZe** mosarg. datv. min. raodenoba saWiroa 3 gasasvl. saWiroa 4 gasasvl. sanam savali gza 2-ad ar gaiyofa sarTulze 2 gasasvleliT w/1 gasasvleli 500 - mde 501-1,000 > 1,000 sprinklerebis gareSe sprinklerebiT (§1015.1 an §1019.2-is modificirebuli SemTxvevis gamoklebiT)

49 49 3 10 10 §1014.2.2. Sesabamisad 10 10 49 10 20 49

50-500 50-500 4-500 11-500 11-500 1-500 11-500 11-500 50-500 11-500 30-500 50-500

,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,

,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,

22 860 mm 22 860* 7 620 22 860 22 860 22 860 30 480 22 860 22 860 22 860 22 860* 22 860*

22 860 mm 30 480 7 620 22 860 22 860 22 860 30 480 22 860 22 860 22 860 (38 100 @ R-2) 30 480 22 860*

saijaro farTobebi B, S da U gamoyenebis jgufebSi, sadac mosargebleTa datvirTva araumetes 30-ia, SeiZleba iyos 30 480 mm-mde sigrZis gasasvlelisken savali saerTo gza. ix. ilustracia 162-e gverdze.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 165

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi gasasvlelebisa da gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakaris mowyoba §1015.2 moiTxovs, rom mosargebleebisaTvis yvela gasasvleli advilad SesamCnevi da advilad gamosayenebeli iyos.

•

roca saWiroa ori gasasvleli, maT Soris manZili unda iyos sivrcis diagonaluri gabaritis naxevris toli. kodSi ar aris gansazRvruli, saidan unda aviRoT gabaritebi, magram yvelaze gonivruli iqneba, Tu gzakaris Suaxazidan gavzomavT.

•

diagonaluri gazomvis sazRvari SeiZleba Senobis (konturs) sazRvrebs gascdes. arsebobs gasasvlelebis ganlagebasTan dakavSirebuli gamonaklisebi derefnebisTvis da saSxefebel sistemebiani SenobebisTvis.

•

•

• •

minimaluri manZili saWiro ar aris, Tu derefnis koeficienti 1 saaTia.

•

•

•

166 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

roca derefans 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti aqvs, gasasvlelis gasamijni manZili SeiZleba gaizomos derefanSi savali gzis gaswvriv. minimaluri daSoreba saWiro ar aris kibis SemomzRudavebs Soris, Tumca `makratela~ kibeebi, romlebic erT kibis SemomzRudavSi mdebare urTierTCamket kibeebs warmoadgens, unda CaiTvalos mxolod erT gasasvlel kibed, §1015.2.1-is mixedviT. es debuleba exeba gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebis aucilebel gammijnavebs, rogoricaa kibeebi saofise Senobebis SuagulSi. aseT SemTxvevebSi, saijaro sivrceebisa da gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebis damakavSirebeli derefnebi saSualebas iZleva, gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi ufro axlos ganTavsdes, vidre uderefno iatakisa, sadac daSoreba diagonaluri manZilis naxevari unda iyos. saSxefebel sistemebian SenobebSi, gasasvlelebi SeiZleba ufro axloaxlos iyos. gasasvleli karebebi an gasasvlelTan misadgomis gzakarebi SeiZleba daSorebuli iyos im farTobis diagonaluri gabaritis minimum erTimesamedi manZiliT, romelsac emsaxureba. roca saWiroa sami gasasvleli, minimum ori gasasvleli unda mdebareobdes ise, rom akmayofilebdes ori gasasvlelisaTvis arsebul moTxovnebs. mesame gasasvlelis mdebareobis gansazRvra damokidebulia nebarTvis gamcemis interpretaciaze.

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi gasasvlelTan misadgomis savali manZili §1016.1 da cxrili 1016.1 uzrunvelyofs gasasvlelTan misadgomis saval manZilebis maqsimalur sigrZeebs, romlebic izomeba gasasvlelTan misadgomi sivrcis yvelaze Sori wertilidan gasasvlelSi Sesasvlelamde `bunebrivi da Cauxergavi gasasvleli savali gzis~ gaswvriv. gasasvleli manZilebi izomeba gasasvlelTan misadgom sivrceSi. isini ar warmoadgens gasasvleli saSualebebis saerTo sigrZes, aramed manZils, romelic mosargeblem unda gaiaros gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvlelTan misadgom nawilSi, sanam Seva gasasvleli saSualebebis momdevno, ufro maRali xarisxis dacvis mqone nawilSi - gasasvlelSi. amdenad, es manZilebi exeba maRlivi Senobis zeda iataks, magram mxolod manamde, sanam mosargeble Seva gasasvleli kibis SemomzRudavSi da daiwyebs gadaadgilebas gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvlelis nawilis gavliT.

•

•

•

gzis sigrZe izomeba bunebrivi da Cauxergavi gasasvlelisken savali gzis gaswvriv. bunebrivi gzis dadgenisas gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos fiqsirebuli dabrkolebebi da advilad SesamCnevi gzebi. avejis potenciuri mdebareoba, gansakuTrebiT, didi zomis fiqsirebuli avejisa, rogoricaa: biblioTekis Taroebi, gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos manZilebis gazomvis dros. meores mxriv, gasaqiravebel (gaqiravebis mizniT agebul) saofise an komerciul SenobebSi, damproeqtebels SeiZleba warmodgena ar hqondes sivrcis saboloo gamoyenebaze da unda gamoiyenos 90°-is meTodi. savali manZilebis gansazRvrisas damproeqtebelma unda gamoiCinos sazrianoba da sifrTxile.

gasasvlelTan misadgomis savali manZilis gazomvaSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos SemouzRudavi kibeebisa da pandusebis gaswvriv mdebare centraluri gza da unda gaizomos Senobis yvelaze moSorebuli nawilidan, romelic iyenebs am gasasvlel gzas.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 167

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi gamoyenebebis umetesobaSi, gasasvlelTan misadgomis dasaSvebi savali manZilia 60 960 mm saSxefebeli sistemis arqonis SemTxvevaSi da 76 200-dan 91 440 mm-mde saSxefebeli sistemiT uzrunvelyofis SemTxvevaSi. qvemoT warmodgenil cxrilSi grafikuladaa naCvenebi sxvadasxva gamoyenebebisaTvis daSvebuli gasasvlelTan misadgomis savali manZilebis Sesabamisi sigrZeebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom gasasvlelTan misadgomis dasaSvebi savali manZilebi izrdeba SenobebSi, sadac damontaJebulia avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemebi. am debulebis Tanaxmad, saSxefebel sistemebian SenobaSi izrdeba mosargebleebis usafrTxoebis xarisxi. aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom 1016.1 cxrils uamravi sqolio aqvs, romlebic dakavSirebulia gamoyenebisaTvis specifikur saval manZilebTan iseTi specifikuri tipis SenobebSi, rogorebicaa: molebi, atriumebi da TavSeyris sivrceebi.

0

15.2

30.5

45.7

61.0

76.2

91.4

106.7

121.9

metri

gamoyeneba A, E, F-1, I-1 M, R, S-1

•

gasasvlelTan misadgomi savali manZilis gazrda 30 480 mm-mde dasaSvebia eqsterieris gasasvleli aivnisaTvis, romelic qmnis gasasvlelisaken mimaval gasasvlelTan misadgomis bolo nawils, §1016.3, §404.8, §402.4.4-is Sesabamisad.

•

Senobebi saSxefebeli sistemebis gareSe H jgufis gamoyenebebSi dauSvebelia.

F-1, S-1 w/siTbosa da kvamlis sahaeroebi (§1016.2-is Sesabamisi) B F-2, S-2, U H-1 H-2 H-3 H-4 H-5 I-2, I-3, I-4 molis Senoba saijaro farTobidan gasasvlelisken molis sazRvrebSi gasasvlelisken atriumi gasasvlelTan misadgomi atriumis sazRvrebSi, yvelaze dabali donis zemoT

§402.4.4-is Sesabamisad

§404.8-is Sesabamisad

168 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saSxefebeli sistemis gareSe saSxefebeli sistemiT eqsterieris gasasvleli aivniT

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi derefnebi §1017 exeba derefnebis daproeqtebas imgvarad, rom uzrunvelyofili iyos mosargeblis dacvis ufro maRali xarisxi gasasvlelTan misadgomSi gasvlis Semdeg. axla termini `derefani~ kodSi ganmartebulia, rogorc SemozRuduli gasasvlelTan misadgomi komponenti, romelic gansazRvravs da uzrunvelyofs gasasvlelTan misasvlel gzas. mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos da gvaxsovdes, rom derefnebi ar aris gasasvlelebi; isini gasasvlelTan misadgomis komponentia. Semdegi cxrili, 1017.1 cxrilis safuZvelze, gvaZlevs informacias derefnebis mosargebleTa datvirTvis, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientisa da gabaritebis Sesaxeb.

gamoyeneba

m.d.-Tvis aucilebeli derefani

A, B, F, M, S, U >30

•

• gasasvlelisaken

•

cecxlg. koef. saSxefebeli sist. gareSe

1

B

>30 (49)*

E

>30

1

R

>10

H-1. H-2. H-3

derefnebis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, Cveulebriv, 1 saaTia, gamomdinare gamoyenebis jgufidan, sadac isini mdebareobs. ramdenime gamoyenebaSi daSvebulia koeficientis armqone derefnebi, roca Senobebi aRWurvilia saSxefebeli sistemebiT. cecxlg. koef. saSxefebeli sistemiT

0

1 (*Tu 1 gasasvl. 0 §1015.1-is Sesab.)

SeniSvnebi koef. saWiro ar aris Ria avtosadgom garaJebSi §1017.1 , gamonak.

3-is mixedviT

gasasvlelTan misadgom mraval komponentian sistemebSi, advili warmosadgenia, rom gasavlelebi miemarTeba derefnebisken, romlebic, Tavis mxriv, miemarTebian gasasvlelebisken. marTalia, ganlagebebi nebarTvis gamcemis interpretirebas eqvemdebareba, magram derefani, Cveulebriv, aris sivrce, romlis sigrZe missave siganeze didia, momijnave sivrceebisgan gamijnulia kedlebiT da aqvs ori gasasvleli. ase mowyobili derefnebis garkveuli detalebi SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes, magram ZiriTadi komponentebi TiTqmis yovelTvis saxezea.

yru bolos sigrZe [Cveul. 6096 mm]

derefnis min. sigane §1005.1 da ß1017.2-is mix., Cveul. 1118 mm

15 240 mm B da F, Tu aris saSxefeblebi

§1017.1 , gamonak. 4

0

koef. saWiro ar aris, Tu min. erTi kari TiTo sainstruqcio oTaxSi iReba pirdapir gareT da Tu TavSeyris oTaxebis auc. gasasvleli saSualebebis min. ½ pirdapir eqsterierSi gadis

1829 mm roca derefnis mosarg. tevad. >100-ze, §1017.2, gamon. 4-is mix.

dauSvebelia

½ sT

koef. ar aqvs derefnebTan sacxov. erT.-Si an sacxov. erT. saZinebeli erTeuli

914 mm sazRvrebSi

yvela

dauSvebelia

1

H-4, H-5

>30

dauSvebelia

1

I-21,

yvela

dauSvebelia

0

1. I-2-Tvis ix. §407.3

12

2. I-3-Tvis ix. §408.7

I-4

I-1, I-3

yvela

dauSvebelia

saZininebeli erTeulisaTvis

yvela

1829 mm, roca emsaxureba 1 mosargebles, romelTac ar SeuZliaT sakuTari Tavis momsaxureba; 2438 mm I-2-Si, roca saWiroa sawolis gadaadgileba 15 240 mm; ix. §1017.3, gamonak. 1 (mxolod I-3, pirobebi 2,3,4 §308.4-is mix.)

I-is mosargebleebi, romelTac ar SeuZliaT sakuTari Tavis momsaxureba

SeuzRudavia, Tu yru bolo 21/2-jer pataraa derefnis minimalur siganeze

Cveulebriv, 610 mm meqanikur mowy. misadgomisTvis; 914 mm < 50 mosargeblisaTvis

MEANS OF EGRESS / 169

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi Cixebi §1017.3-Si gansazRvrulia Cixiani derefnebis maqsimaluri sigrZe. es saWiroa imisaTvis, rom mosargebleebs ar mouwioT didi manZilis gavla derefanSi da mxolod Semdeg aRmoaCinon, rom iq ar aris gasasvleli an gasasvlelTan misadgomi, boloSi gasasvleli RiobiT. aRsaniSnavia, rom Cixiani derefnebis dasaSvebi sigrZe SeiZleba Seicvalos garkveul gamoyenebebSi avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemis uzrunvelyofis SemTxvevaSi. ix. wina cxrili.

•

• CixebisaTvis gansazRvruli debulebe-

•

derefnebSi haeris moZraoba

sivrce derefnis Wersa da iatakis an saxuravis struqturas Soris SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos, recirkulirebadi haeris Semomtanad, roca arsebobs erTi an meti Semdegi piroba: 1. ar aris aucilebeli, derefani iyos cecxlgamZle koeficientis konstruqcia.

2. derefnis Weri mijnavs haeris Semomtans derefnisgan cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciiT. 3. haeris marTvis sistema, romelic emsaxureba derefans, iTiSeba haeris marTvis sistemis kvamlis aRmomCenis gaaqtiurebisTanave.

4. haeris marTvis sistema, romelic emsaxurebs derefans, iTiSeba saSxefebeli sistemis wylis nakadis aRmoCenisTanave.

5. haeris Semomtani sivrce aris daSvebuli kvamlis sakontrolo sistemis nawili.

170 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

bi gamoiyeneba, sadac aris derefnebi, romlebic uxvevs mTavari gasasvleli gzidan da mosargeble miyavs gasasvlelis armqone derefnis bolosken ise, rom mas ar mouwios mTavar gasasvlel gzaze dabruneba. roca mxolod erTi gasasvlelia saWiro, Cixiani derefnebisaTvis gansazRvruli debulebebi ar gamoiyeneba. erTi gasasvlelis mosargebleTa datvirTva SedarebiT mcirea da erTi gasasvleli asrulebs gasasvleli gzis funqcias, sadac gasasvlelisken gza Tavisufalia.

Cixiani derefnebis sigrZe SezRuduli ar aris, roca maTi sigrze aris araume tes 2 ½ - jer Cixis sigane.

sigane (w)

§1017.4-is mixedviT derefnebi ar unda asrulebdes haeris mimwodebeli an recirkulirebis sistemis funqcias. derefanSi maqsimalurad unda SenarCundes sakuTari atmosfero. derefnis haeriT momaragebis mimarT arsebobs ramdenime gamonaklisi: 1. dasaSvebia derefnis gamoyeneba kondicirebuli haeris wyarod momijnave sivrceebisaTvis, romlebic Riaa uSualod derefnebisken, Tumca mxolod maSin, roca meqanikuri sistema qmnis dadebiT wnevas derefanSi, rac zRudavs kvamlis gadaadgilebas derefnis sivrceSi. 2. Tu derefani mdebareobs sacxovrebel nawilSi, misi gamoyeneba recirkulirebuli haeris gadaadgilebis saSualebad ar unda aikrZalos.

3. 93 m2 an naklebi farTobis mqone saijaro farTis momijnave derefnebis gamoyeneba recirkulirebadi haeris gadaadgilebis saSualebad dasaSvebia.

derefnebis Cixebis sigrZe, zogadad, SezRudulia 6096 mm-mde. gamonaklisebisaTvis ixileT cxrili wina gverdze.

< 2½ sigane (w)

gasasvlelTan misadgomis saproeqto moTxovnebi derefnis uwyvetoba §1017.5-is pirobebis Tanaxmad, roca saWiroa cecxlgamZle koeficientis mqone derefani, unda SenarCundes cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti mTel gasasvlel gzaze mosargeblis gasasvlelTan misadgomis derefanSi Sesvlis wertilidan gasasvlelamde, sadac tovebs derefans.

•

siRrme (d)

gasasvleli aivnebi

sigane (w) > 2.5d

cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone derefnebi ar unda wydebodes Sualeduri oTaxebis gamo. am debulebas aqvs ramdenime gamonaklisi: 1. foieebi, vestibiulebi an misaRebi oTaxebi, romlebic agebulia iseTive cecxlgamZle konstruqciebiT, rogoric saWiroa derefnebisTvis, ar iTvleba Sualedur oTaxebad.

2. liftis vestibiulebi unda moewyos §707.14.1-is moTxovnebisa da gamonaklisebis Sesabamisad. §1017.3-is mesame gamonaklisis mixedviT, liftis vestibiulebi, romlebic gamoyofilia derefnebisgan, ar unda CaiTvalos Cixian derefnebad, roca maTi siRrme siganeze araumetes 2,5-jer metia.

§1014.5 Seicavs moTxovnebs eqsterieris aivnebisTvis, romlebic gamoyenebulia gasasvlelTan misadgomidan gasasvlelad. daSorebisa da siganis minimaluri moTxovnebi, aseve, CixebTan da naSverebTan dakavSirebuli SezRudvebi, iseTivea, rogoric derefnebis mimarT. isini ise unda daproeqtdes, rom minimumamde Semcirdes Tovlis an yinulis dagrovebis SesaZlebloba, rac gaarTulebda gasvlas.

SemozRuduli

•

eqsterieri

•

interieri

•

eqsterieris gasasvleli aivnebis grZeli mxris minimum 50% unda iyos Ria da ise mowyobili, rom minimumamde Semcirdes kvamlisa da momwamvleli gazebis dagrovebis SesaZlebloba. imis gamo, rom gasasvlelTan misasvlelad mosargebleebma SeiZleba gamoiyenon karebebi an fanjrebi, aucilebelia kedlisa da Riobis damcavebi. kedeli da yvela Riobi daculi unda iyos, Tu aris mxolod erTi gasasvleli saSualeba aivnidan. roca aris ori gasasvleli saSualeba, maSin damcavebi sWirdeba mxolod CixebSi arsebul Riobebs.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 171

gasasvlelebi §1018 - §1023-is moTxovnebi exeba cecxlgamZleobis xarisxs, gabaritebsa da mosargebleTa tevadobas gasasvlelebSi. gasasvleli aris gasasvleli saSualebebis Sualeduri nawili, romelic mdebareobs gasasvlelTan misadgomsa da Senobidan gasasvlels Soris. gasasvlelTan misadgomisagan gansxvavebiT, sadac Senobis funqciebi gaziarebulia gamoyenebul sivrceebsa da gasasvlelebiT sargeblobebs Soris, gasasvlelebi, zogadad, warmoadgens erTi daniSnulebis mqone sivrceebs, romlebic umTavresad asruleben gasasvleli saSualebis funqcias. gasasvlelSi miRweuli garkveuli dacvis done mosargeblis dasacavad, ar unda Semcirdes Senobidan gasasvlelamde.

Senobebi erTi gasasvleliT 1019.2-is Sesabamisad Senobis maqsim. maqs. mosargebleebi simaRle nulovani (an sacxov. erTeul.) erT gamoyeneba

niSnulis zemoT

iatakze/saval manZilze

A, B, E, F, M, U H-2, H-3 H-4, H-5, I, R S B, F, M, S R-2

1 sarTuli 1 sarTuli 1 sarTuli 1 sarTuli 2 sarTulebi 2 sarTulebi

49 / 22 860 mm 3 / 7 620 10 / 22 860 29 / 30 480 30 / 22 860 (4 sacxovrebeli erTeuli)/15 240

gasasvlelis daproeqtebis moTxovnebi §1018 - §1023-Si gansazRvrulia gasasvlelebis daproeqtebasTan dakavSirebuli zogadi moTxovnebi.

gasasvleli 4

gasasvlelebis minimaluri raodenoba dakavSirebulia mosargebleTa datvirTvasa da gamoyenebis tipze. gasasvlelebis minimaluri raodenobisaTvis ix. cxrili 165-e gverdze. arsebobs zogierTi SezRuduli sargebloba, sadac mxolod erTi gasasvlelia saWiro, rogorc aRniSnulia 1019.2 cxrilSi. es aris situaciebi erT da or sarTulian SenobebSi, sadac SedarebiT mcire raodenobis mosargebleebi arian da savali manZilebi moklea. es situaciebi aseve dakavSirebulia gamoyenebis tipTan. es mocemulia zemoT, marjvniv mdebare cxrilSi.

172 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

gasasvlelebi uzrunvelyofs gasasvleli gzebis damatebiT dacvis dones gasasvlelTan misadgomebTan SedarebiT.

•

gasasvlelebi uwyveti unda iyos gasasvlelTan misadgomidan gasasvlelSi Sesvlis werilidan Senobidan gasasvlelamde.

•

gasasvlelebi SeiZleba iyos horizontaluri, rogorc, magaliTad, gasasvleli derefnebi, an vertikaluri, rogorc kibeebi, an orives kombinacia.

•

vinaidan gasasvlelebi, Cveulebriv, mTlianad SemozRudulia, cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone, erTi daniSnulebis mqone sivrceebi da savali manZili gasasvlelebSi SezRuduli ar aris.

Senobidan gasasvleli 1

gasasvleli 3

Senobidan gasasvleli

Senobidan gasasvleli 2

gasasvleli 2

gasasvlelebis raodenoba

1-500 mosargebleze: 2

501-1000 mosargebleze: 3

gasasvleli

Senobidan gasasvleli 3

•

gasasvlelTan misadgomi

gasasvleli 1

Senobidan gasasvleli 4

•

>1000 mosargebleze: 4

gasasvlelebis raodenoba 1019.1 cxrilis mixedviT

* 1019.2 cxrilis mixedviT 1

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi gasasvlelis komponentebi

Semdeg nawilebSi aRwerilia gasasvlelis sxvadasxva elementebi:

• • • • •

§1018.2. eqsterieris gasasvleli karebebi, romlebic miemarTeba pirdapir Senobidan gasasvlelis an sazogadoebrivi gzisken §1020. vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi (kibeebis da pandusebis) §1021. gasasvleli derefnebi §1022. horizontaluri gasasvlelebi §1023. eqsterieris gasasvleli pandusebi da kibeebi

vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi §1020.1 moiTxovs, rom yvela interieris gasasvleli kibe SemozRuduli iyos. vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebs, romlebic aerTebs oTx an met sarTuls, unda hqondes 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti. vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebs, romlebic aerTebs oTxze nakleb sarTuls, unda hqondes 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti. gasasvlel pandusebTan arsebuli SemomzRudavebis mimarT iseTive moTxovnebia, rogoric kibis mimarT. dakavSirebuli sarTulebis raodenobaSi Sedis miwisqveSa sarTulebi fuZis sarTulis CaTvliT, rogorc damatebiTi sarTulebi, magram ar Sedis antresolebi. damatebiTi kibe

gasasvleli

zogierTi gamonaklisis daSvebiT, gasasvleli kibeebi SeiZleba ar iyos SemozRuduli. es gamonaklisebi Zalian specifikuria da exeba mxolod: 1. kibeebs, romlebic emsaxureba 10-ze nakleb mosargebles da Senobidan gasasvleli donis zemoT an qvemoT mdebare mxolod erTi done SeiZleba iyos SemouzRudavi yvela jgufis gamoyenebaSi, garda H da I jgufis gamoyenebebisa.

2. vertikalur gasasvlelebs ar sWirdeba SemozRudva A-5 jgufis SenobebSi, rogoricaa: Ria stadionebi, sadac mTeli gasasvleli saSualebebi umTavresad Riaa.

3. kibeebs erT sacxovrebel an saZinebel erTeulSi R-1 gamoyenebebSi ar sWirdeba SemomzRudavi.

4. kibeebs, romlebic ar aris aucilebeli gasasvleli saSualebebis sistemis nawili, ar sWirdeba SemomzRudavi. aseTi kibe kodiT moTxovnili gasasvleli saSualebebis damxmared CaiTvleba. aseTi kibis Riobi aseve unda Seesabamebodes §707.2-s.

5. kibeebs Ria avtosadgom nagebobebSi, romlebic emsaxureba mxolod avtosadgom nagebobas, ar sWirdeba SemomzRudavi.

6. erT gasasvlel kibes I-3 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, rogoricaa: gamosasworebeli dawesebulebebi, SeiZleba hqondes gamWvirvale masalis nawilobrivi SemomzRudavi §408.3.6-Si gansazRvruli detaluri kriteriumebis Sesabamisad. es Zalian specifikuri pirobaa da xSirad ar gvxvdeba. gasasvleli 7. scenidan gasasvlel kibeebs ar sWirdeba SemomzRudavi §410.5.3-is Tanaxmad.

8. H da I jgufis gamoyenebisgan gasxvavebul gamoyenebebSi, aucilebeli gasasvleli kibeebis naxevari SeiZleba SemouzRudavi iyos, roca kibeebi emsaxureba mxolod erT momijnave iataks da orive urTierTdakavSirebuli iataki uzrunvelyofilia ori gasasvleli saSualebiT. ori urTierTdakavSirebuli iataki ar SeiZleba Ria iyos sxva iatakebisken. amdenad, or urTierTdakavSirebul iatakebis wyvils Soris unda iyos minimum erTi Sualeduri iataki. es, Cveulebriv, gamoiyeneba saofise an komerciul SenobebSi, sadac erTi gasasvleli kibe SeiZleba iyos SemouzRudavi, rom kibeebi sivrceSi yoveldRiuri cirkulirebis nawili iyos. praqtikaSi, es arsebiTad igivea, rac gamonaklisi 4. am gamonaklisis mixedviT, orsarTulian SenobaSi SeiZleba Segvxvdes ori gasasvleli kibe, romelTagan erTi SemozRudulia, meore ki Ria. 9. H da I jgufis gamoyenebisgan gasxvavebul gamoyenebebSi, interieris kibeebs, romlebic emsaxureba avtomaturi saSxefebeli sistemiT aRWurvili Senobis mxolod pirvel da meore sarTulebs, ar sWirdebaT SemozRudva, Tu ori gasasvleli saSualeba uzrunvelyofilia orive iatakidan, romelTac SemouzRudavi kibeebi emsaxureba. SemouzRudavi kibeebi ar unda iyos Ria sxva sarTulebisken.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 173

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi Riobebi da gamavali Riobebi §1020.1.1 da §1021.4-is mixedviT, gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebsa da gasasvlel derefnebSi ar unda iyos Riobebi da gamavali Riobebi, garda im Riobebisa, romlebic saWiroa Cveulebriv gamoyenebuli sivrceebidan SemomzRudavTan misadgomad da SemomzRudavidan gasasvlelad. aqedan gamomdinare, gasasvlelis komponentebi, umTavresad, gamoyenebulia, rogorc gasasvleli gzebi.

gasasvleli

Riobis damcavebi orive gasasvleli derefnisa da gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebisTvis unda Seesabamebodes §715-s. amdenad, 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis kedlebs unda hqondes 1 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone karebebi, 715.4 cxrilis Sesabamisad. sadac saWiroa ufro maRali koeficientebi gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebisTvis, gasasvleli derefnis konstruqciis koeficienti da Riobis damcavebi aseve erTmaneTis Sesabamisi unda iyos.

gasasvleli gza

gasasvlelTan misadgomi

Senobidan gasasvleli

• •

•

•

•

174 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

§1021.4-is mixedviT, ar aris daSvebuli, liftebi iRebodes gasasvleli derefnebisken. dasaSvebia mxolod is gamavali Riobebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofs gasasvleli derefnebis misadgoms da gasasvleli deref nebis meqanikur sistemebTan misadgoms. gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebis ganiaveba unda xdebodes garedan an arxebidan, romlebic SemozRudulia iseTive cecxlisgan damcaviT, rogoriTac Satxebi. am moTxovnebis mizania, vertikaluri da horizontaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi gaimijnos rac SeiZleba metad, rom uzrunvelyos am sivrceebs Soris usafrTxo gasasvleli saSualebebi. patara farTobebi, rogoricaa meqanikuri da eleqtro gayvanilobebis oTaxebi, SeiZleba Ria iyos gasasvleli derefnebisken, §402.4.6-is Sesabamisad, Tu maT aqvs 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone karebebi.

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi vertikaluri SemomzRudavis eqsterieris kedlebi

≥ 180°

§1020.1.4-Si axsnilia moTxovnebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba vertikaluri gasasvlelis SemomzRudav eqsterieris kedlebTan.

•

•

< 180°

sadac gasasvleli kibeebi mdebareobs Senobis perimetrTan, isini SeiZleba iyos damcavebis armqone Riobebi an koeficientis armqone konstruqciis kedlebi, §704-is Sesabamisad. sadac kibis ujredi Senobis perimetridan gamoSverilia, Senobis eqsterieris kedels, romelic kibis ujredis SemomzRudav kedelTan qmnis 180 gradus an met kuTxes, ar Wirdeba damcavi.

•

sadac es kuTxe 180 gradusze mcirea, Senobis eqsterieris kedeli unda iyos 1 saaTiani koeficicentis mqone konstruqcia da hqondes ¾ saaTiani koeficientis mqone Riobis damcavebi SemomzRudavidan horizontalurad 3048 mm sazRvrebSi da vertikalurad gruntis zedapiridan kibis an saxuravis (romelic ufro dabalia) yvelaze maRla mdebare baqnis zemoT 3048 mm wertilamde.

•

mimarTulebis mimTiTebeli niSnebi unda ganTavsdes §1011-is Sesabamisad, romelic aregulirebs gasasvlelis niSnebs.

Senobidan gasasvlelis sacnobi barieri §1020.1.5 krZalavs gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebSi kibeebis gagrZelebas Senobidan gasasvleli donis qvemoT, Tu ganTavsebuli ar aris nebadarTuli barieri imisaTvis, rom mosargebleebi ar Cavidnen Senobidan gasasvleli donis qvemoT.

kibe No. 1 iatakebi B, 4-is gavliT

3

saxuravi miudgomelia gasasvleli I iatakTan

kibis niSnebi §1020.1.6 moiTxovs, rom gasasvlelis niSnebi ganTavsdes samze meti sarTulis momsaxure kibis SemomzRudavis SigniT.

STAIR No. 1 Floors B through 4

3

No Roof Access Exit at Floor 1

• •

•

es niSnebi unda miuTiTebdes iatakis dones TiToeul sarTulis baqanTan. gasasvlel niSanze aRniSnuli unda iyos, miemarTeba Tu ara kibe saxuravze saxanZro misadgomisken, aseve, unda miuTiTebdes mosargebleebs Senobidan gasasvlelis donisken da mimarTulebisken. gasasvlelis niSnebi unda ganTavsdes iatakidan 1524 mm-iT maRla da advilad unda Candes karis gaRebis da daxurvis dros.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 175

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavebi

> 22 860 mm saxanZro manqanis misadgomi yvelaze dabali donidan zemoT

§1020.1.7-is moiTxovniT, maRliv SenobebSi (§403), sadac iatakis zedapirebi saxanZro manqanis misadgomi yvelaze dabali donidan 22 860 mm-ze maRlaa, da miwisqveSa SenobebSi (§405), sadac iatakis zedapirebi Senobidan gasasvleli donidan 9144 mm-ze dablaa, TiToeul aucilebel gasasvlels unda hqondes kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavebi an pnevmaturi kibeebi (sadac iqmneba wneva). kibis SemomzRudavebi unda akmayofilebdes §909.20-is moTxovnebs, romlebic exeba kvamlgaumtar SemomzRudavebSi arsebul cecxlisgan damcav sistemebs.

• •

•

gasasvleli derefnebi

• > 9144 mm miwisqveSa SenobebisTvis

§1021.1 Seicavs moTxovnebs gasasvleli derefnebisTvis, romlebic gasasvlelTan misadgomSi arsebuli derefnebis moTxovnebis msgavsia, magram meti SezRudvebi aqvs. gasasvleli derefnebi ar unda gamoiyenebodes sxva daniSnulebiT, garda gasasvleli saSualebisa. isini hgavs kibeebis vertikalur SemomzRudavebs, magram gamoiyeneba gasasvlelebis horizontaluri nawilebisaTvis.

•

•

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176 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

kibeebi unda gadiodes sazogadoebriv gzaze an gasasvlel derefanSi, ezoSi an Ria sivrceSi, romelsac pirdapir sazogadoebriv gzasTan aqvs misadgomi. gasasvlel derefnebs ar unda hqondes sxva Riobebi, garda im Riobebisa, romlebic gankuTvnilia gasasvlelebad da aseTi Riobebi unda iyos 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia. gamonaklisebis mixedviT, daSvebulia sxva Riobebi gasasvlel derefnebSi, roca isini aRWurvilia wnevis SemqmneliT (pnevmatizirebulia) da daculia, rogorc kvamlgaumtari SemomzRudavi an pnevmaturi kibe (sadac iqmneba wneva). vertikaluri gasasvlelisa da gasasvleli derefnis SemomzRudavebSi ar aris SezRuduli savali manZili, amdenad, simaRleSi SeiZleba iyos mravali sarTuli da sigrZeSi Zalian grZeli horizontaluri manZili. mizania is, rom sagangebo situaciaSi mosargebleebi daculi iyvnen da hqondeT sakmarisi dro imisaTvis, rom usafrTxod gaiaron gasasvlelisken savali manZili. gasasvleli derefnebis siganisadmi moTxovnebi msgavsia gasasvleli sistemis sxva nawilebis moTxovnebisa. tipiuri gasasvleli derefnebis sigane minimum 1118 mm unda iyos, xolo 50 an naklebi mosargeblis momsaxure gasasvleli derefnebisTvis - minimum 914 mm. karebebi gasasvlel derefnebSi ar unda iWrebodes 178 mm-ze metad, roca mTlianad Riaa, an amcirebdes aucilebel siganes naxevarze metad mTlianad Ria poziciaSi. gasasvleli derefnebi unda iyos 1 saaTiani an meti cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqcia, Tu dakavSirebulia gasasvlelis ufro maRali cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone SemomzRudavTan.

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi horizontaluri gasasvlelebi §1022 exeba horizontalur gasasvlelebs, gasasvlelis specifikur gagebas, romlis mixedviTac isini uzrunvelyofen ufro metad TavSesafris Sualedur farTobs, vidre gruntis niSnulisken absolutur gasasvlel saSualebas. amgvari gageba emyareba imas, rom Senobis or segments Soris maRali xarisxis cecxlgamZleobis mqone gammijnavis urzunvelyofiT, mosargebleebs eZlevaT SesaZlebloba gaiaron gammijnavSi, rac, arsebiTad, warmoadgens cecxlisgan daculi ganyofilebis kedels da daculni iyvnen safrTxisgan, romelmac Senobidan gasvlis saWiroeba warmoSva.

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horizontaluri gasasvleli aris kedeli, romelic mTlianad yofs Senobis iataks or an met calke gasasvlelTan misadgom farTobad, rom uzrunvelyos cecxlisa da kvamlisgan dacva SemTxvevis warmoSobis adgilis gasasvlelTan misadgomi farTobidan. horizontaluri gasasvleli, arsebiTad, qmnis calke Senobebs TiToeuli iatakis doneze da iZleva erTi daculi farTobidan mereze gasvlis saSualebas ise, rom saWiro ar aris gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebSi an gasasvlel derefnebSi Sesvla.

• horizontaluri gasasvlelis arsebiTi maxasiaTeblebia: • gammijnavi unda iyos minimum 2 saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis konstruqcia.

• Riobis damcavebi damokidebulia ked-

gasasvleli 1 ≥ ½ OL

lis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientze.

• horizontaluri gasasvlelis mxareebs OL = mosargebleTa datvirTva gasasvleli 2 ≥ ½ OL

•

kibe 1

Soris ar unda iyos arxebis sistemebis an Senobis momsaxure sistemebis erTmaneTTan misaerTeblebi, rom cecxls an kvamls TavSesafris farTobze Sesvlis saSualeba ar mieces. horizontaluri gasasvlelebi SeiZleba ar asrulebdes Senobis nawilidan mxolod gasasvlelis funqcias. sadac ori an meti gasasvlelia saWiro, araumetes naxevari SeiZleba iyos horizontaluri gasasvleli.

225 225

•

OL = 450 OL = 450 225 225

2-sT. kedeli, 90-wT. karebebi

kibe 2

bevri SenobisTvis, horizontaluri gasasvlelis cnebis gamoyeneba saSualebas gvaZlevs, gamovtovoT erTi kibe an gasasvleli gza. Tu Senobis farTobi aRemateba daSvebul sidides da cecxlgamZle kedeli gamoiyeneba horizontalur gasasvlelad, TiToeuli segmentisaTvis saWiroa mxolod erTi kibe, da horizontaluri gasasvleli SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos, rogorc TiToeuli segmentis meore gasasvleli.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 177

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi §1022.4 gansazRvravs, rom TavSesafris farTobi, romliskenac horizontaluri gasasvleli miemarTeba, iseTi zomis unda iyos, rom daitios arsebuli mosargebleTa datvirTvis 100%, damatebuli im gasasvlelTan misadgomis mosargebleTa datvirTvis 100%, saidanac TavSesafarSi gadian. aseTi TavSesafris iatakis farTobis tevadoba unda ganisazRvros TiTo mosargebleze 0,28 m2 sufTa Tavisufali farTobis daSvebiT, amaSi ar Sedis gasavlelebi, holebi/koridorebi da derefnebi. kibeebis, liftebisa da sxva Saxtebis farTobi amaSi ar Sedis.

178 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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Teoria, romelic safuZvlad udevs horizontalur gasasvlels, gulisxmobs mosargebleebis gadaadgilebas im farTobidan, sadac Seqmnilia sagangebo situacia, meore usafrTxo TavSesafris farTobisken.

Senobas, romelSic daproeqtebulia horizontaluri gasasvleli, aqvs ori momijnave farTobi, romelic SeiZleba asrulebdes rogorc gasasvlelTan misadgomis, ise horizontaluri gasasvlelis rols. mosargebleTa mosalodneli raodenobis dasatevad, horizontalur gasasvlelad CaTvlili farTobi unda itevdes Tavis mosargebleTa datvirTvas damatebuli im farTobis datvirTvis 100% saidanac gamodian. es damatebiTi datviTva gamoTvlilia TiTo mosargebleze sufTa Tavisufali farTobi 0,28 m2, saavadmyofoebis gamoklebiT. amiT aRiarebulia, rom sagangebo situaciaSi SeiZleba adamianebis simWidrove meti iyos, magram mainc usafrTxod gavidnen. sadac SeiZleba iyvnen araambulatoriuli pacientebi, iatakis farTobis moTxovnebi TiTo mosargebleze 2,8 m2-ia, rac uzrunvelyofs met sivrces sawolebisa da specetlebisTvis. daproeqtebis kriteriumebi iTvaliswinebs gasasvlelis dinebis mimarTulebas. qvemoT mdebare farTobi, romelic iRebs mosargebleebs zemoT mdebare farTobidan, unda itevdes rogorc Tavis mosargebleTa datvirTvas, ise momijnave sivrcis mosargebleebs. mxolod im SemTxvevebSi, roca horizontaluri gasasvleli funqcionirebs orive mimarTulebiT, orive farTobis gasasvlelis tevadoba unda aRematebodes, Cveulebriv, TviTon farTobisTvis saWiro tevadobas. ormxrivi gasasvleli dasaSvebia, roca TiToeul gasasvlelTan misadgomi farTobisTvis gasasvlelTan misadgomis daproeqtebis moTxovnebi TavisTavad dakmayofilebulia.

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gasasvlelTan misadgomis tevadobis daproeqteba Senobis segmentisTvis, romelic asrulebs TavSesafris farTobis rols, unda efuZvnebodes Cveulebriv mosargebleTa datvirTvas da ar aris saWiro horizontaluri gasasvlelebis gavliT amgvar TavSesafris farTobze Semosuli pirebis gamo gazrdili mosargebleTa datvirTvis gaTvaliswineba.

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi eqsterieris gasasvleli pandusebi da kibeebi §1023 Seicavs moTxovnebs eqsterieris gasasvleli pandusebisa da kibeebisaTvis, romlebic warmoadgens aucilebeli gasasvleli saSualebebis komponentebs. eqsterieris gasasvleli pandusebi da kibeebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos mosargebleebis gasasvlel saSualebebad, 6 sarTuliani an 22 860 mm-ze naklebi simaRlis SenobebSi.

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• •

eqsterieris gasasvleli kibeebi, romlebic aucilebeli gasasvleli saSualebebis nawilia, Ria unda iyos erT mxares da mTliani Ria farTobi unda iyos minimum 3,3 m2 TiToeul iatakis donesTan da TiToeul Sualedur baqanTan. TiToeuli Riobi unda iyos minimum 1067 mm simaRleze momijnave savali zedapiridan.

Ria farTobebi unda uyurebdes ezoebs, Sida ezoebs an sazogadoebriv gzebs.

• meore kibemde

eqsterieris gasasvleli pandusebi da kibeebi Senobis interierisgan unda gaimijnos §1020.1-is Sesabamisad. am moTxovnis gamonaklisebia: 1. R-1 an R-2 jgufis gamoyenebebisgan gansxvavebul gamoyenebebSi, gruntis niSnulidan araumetes orsarTulian SenobebSi da sadac Senobidan gasasvleli pirvel sarTulzea, saWiro ar aris damcavi. savali gza mxolod erTi sarTuli simaRlisaa da imdenad moklea, rom ar saWiroebs damcavs.

2. roca arsebobs eqsterieris gasasvleli aivani, romelic aerTebs or erTmaneTisgan moSorebul eqsterieris panduss an eqsterieris kibes 50%-iani Ria aivniT da Riobebi aivnis zedapiridan minimum 2134 mm-is zemoT, maSin damcavebi saWiro ar aris. amiT aRiarebulia, rom aivnidan ori gasasvleli saSualebis arseboba ufro usafrTxoa, da am dacvas aZlierebs Riobebi, rac minimumamde amcirebs siTbos an momwamvleli gazebis gasasvlel gzaze dagrovebis/ momwyvdevis SesaZleblobas.

3. eqsterieris pandusebi an kibeebi ar saWiroebs damcavebs, sadac interieris kibeebi SeiZleba aseve daucveli iyos §1020.1-is Sesabamisad.

MEANS OF EGRESS / 179

gasasvlelebis saproeqto moTxovnebi Ria boloiani derefnebi §1023.6-is meoTxe gamonaklisi gamoiyeneba, roca arsebobs Ria boloiani derefnebi, romlebic ar aris gamijnuli gasasvleli kibeebisgan. damatebiTi gamijvna interieridan kibemde saWiro ar aris, Tu daculia ramdenime (ara gamonaklisebi) piroba.

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180 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Senoba, derefnebisa da gasasvleli kibeebis CaTvliT, mTlianad unda iyos aRWurvili saSxefebeli sistemebiT. Ria boloebiani derefnebi unda akmayofilebdes §1017-is yvela moTxovnas, rogorebicaa: cecxlgamZleoba, sigane, simaRle da Cixebi. individualuri sivrceebidan derefanTan misadgomi.

derefnis orive bolo unda uerTdebodes gasasvlel kibes, §1023-is Sesabamisad, romelic exeba Riaobasa da ezoebTan an sazogadoebriv gzebTan mosazRvreobas. sadac derefani uxvevs 45 gradusze metad, unda iyos araumcires 3,3 m2 Ria farTobis mqone Tavisufali Riobi an damatebiTi eqsterieris kibe. Riobebi unda ganTavsdes ise, rom minimumamde Semcirdes kvamlis an momwamvleli gazebis dagrovebis SesaZlebloba. (es debuleba eqvemdebareba nebarTvis gamcemis interpretirebas.)

Senobidan gasasvleli §1024 Seicavs debulebebs Senobidan gasasvlelis dasaproeqteblad. Senobidan gasasvleli aris gasasvleli saSualebebis mesame da bolo nawili. is iwyeba, sadac Senobis mosargebleebi toveben gasasvleli saSualebebis gasasvlelis nawils da bolovdeba, sadac isini gadian sazogadoebriv gzaze. nebarTvis gamcemma SeiZleba gadawyvitos, ramdenad unda moSordnen gansaxilvel nagebobas mosargebleebi, rom usafrTxod iyvnen da am SemTxvevebSi, Senobidan gasasvleli SeiZleba gadiodes gasasvleli Sida ezos gavliT. gasasvleli ezoebSi igulisxmeba Sida ezo an ezo, romelic uzrunvelyofs misadgoms sazogadoebriv gzasTan.

gasasvleli

•

gasasvlelTan misadgomi

•

Senobidan gasasvleli unda iyos gruntis niSnulTan an uzrunvelyofdes gruntis niSnulTan pirdapir misadgoms. gruntis niSnulis doneze arsebuli yvela gasasvleli iTvleba Senobidan gasasvlelis nawilad.

Senobidan gasasvlelSi arsebuli savali gzis sigrZe SezRuduli ar aris.

Senobidan gasasvleli ar unda brundebodes SenobaSi. amdenad, roca mosargebleebi gadian gasasvlelidan, maT ar unda SeeZloT gasasvlelebis, Tundac SemozRuduli gasasvlelebis, saSualebiT ukan dabruneba.

gasasvleli ezo

Senobidan gasasvleli

quCa an sazogadoebriv gza

MEANS OF EGRESS / 181

Senobidan gasasvlelis saproeqto moTxovnebi Senobidan gasasvleli Sualeduri sivrceeebis gavliT Senobidan gasasvleli gza unda uerTdebodes sazogadoebriv gzaze gasasvlels Sualeduri sivrceebis gareSe, specifikuri pirobebis gamoklebiT:

1.

aucilebeli gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebis raodenobisa da tevadobis 50% SeiZleba gadiodes Senobidan gasasvlelis doneze arsebuli farTobebis gavliT, roca qvemoT mocemuli yvela piroba daculia: 1.1 aseTi gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebi Tavisufali da Cauxergavi gziT gadis Senobis eqsterierSi. 1.2 Senobidan gasasvleli done mTlianad gamijnulia qvemoT mdebare farTobisgan cecxlgamZle konstruqciiT, romlis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti Seesabameba gasasvlelis SemomzRudavisTvis aucilebel cecxlgamZleobis koeficients. (naTeli ar aris, ratom exeba es mxolod qvemoT mdebare farTobebs da arc is, rogor unda moviqceT, roca qvemoT ar mdebareobs farTobebi.)

1.3 gasasvlelis SemomzRudavidan gasasvleli gza mTlianad aris daculi saSxefebeli sistemiT. 2.

gasasvlelis SemomzRudavebis raodenobisa da tevadobis maqsimum 50% SeiZleba gadiodes vestibiulis gavliT, roca daculia qvemoT mocemuli yvela piroba: 2.1 vestibiuli gamijnulia qvemoT mdebare farTobebisgan cecxlgamZle konstruqciiT, romelic gasasvlelis SemomzRudavis Sesaferisia.

2.2 vestibiulis siRrme Senobis eqsterieridan araumetes 3048 mm-ia, xolo sigane - araumetes 9144 mm.

2.3

Senobidan gasasvlelis doneze vestibiuli gamijnulia konstruqciiT, romelic liTonis CarCoSi Casmuli armirebuli minis eqvivalenturia. es, §715.5.3-is mixedviT, daaxloebiT ¾ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciis eqvivalenturia.

2.4 farTobi gamoiyeneba mxolod gasasvlel saSualebebad da gadis pirdapir gareT. 3.

182 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

§1020.1, gamonalisi 5-is Sesabamis Ria avtosadgom garaJebSi mdebare kibeebi dasaSvebia gadidoes Ria avtosadgomi garaJis gavliT Senobidan gasasvlelis doneze.

Senobidan gasasvlelis saproeqto moTxovnebi Senobidan gasasvlelis tevadoba §1024.2 moiTxovs, rom Senobidan gasasvlelis tevadoba ar iyos im gasasvlelebis tevadobaze naklebi, romlebsac is emsaxureba.

Senobidan gasasvlelis mdebareoba §1024.3 moiTxovs, rom Senobidan gasasvlelis komponentebi gaimijnos momijnave miwis nakveTis sazRvridan minimum 3048 mm sivrciT, da imave miwis nakveTze mdebare sxva Senobebisgan, Tu momijnave elementebs ar aqvs miniWebuli §704-is Sesabamisi cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti, cecxlgamyofi manZilidan gamomdinare.

Senobidan gasasvlelis komponentebi §1024.4-is mixedviT, Senobidan gasasvlelis komponentebi unda mdebareobdes Senobis konvertis gareT da sakmarisad Ria unda iyos imisaTvis, rom xeli SeuSalos kvamlisa da momwamvleli gazebis dagrovebas.

gasasvleli Sida ezoebi §1024.5 moiTxovs, rom gasasvleli Sida ezoebi akmayofilebdes derefnebisa da gasasvleli gzebis moTxovnebs Tavisufal siganesTan da karis SeWris siRrmesTan dakavSirebiT.

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roca gasasvleli Sida ezo aucilebel gasasvlelze ganieria, sigane unda Semcirdes TandaTanobiT da araumcires 30 gradusiani kuTxiT. es imisaTvis, rom ar Seiqmnas Sida kuTxeebi, sadac SeiZleba mosargebleebi moemwyvdnen adamianTa didi jgufebis mier Seqmnili wnexis gamo sagangebo situaciisas Senobidan gasvlis dros. es aris kidev erTi magaliTi wylis dinebis gasasvlelTan analogisa.

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gasasvleli Sida ezoebi Ria sivrceebia, romlebic uzrunvelyofs misadgoms sazogadoebriv gzasTan erTi an meti gasasvlelis saSualebiT.

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3048 mm-ze viwro gasasvleli Sida ezoebi unda iyos 1 saaTiani koeficientis mqone konstruqcia Sida ezos iatakidan 3048 mm-is zemoT. Riobebs aseT gasasvlel Sida ezoebSi unda hqondes ¾ saaTiani koeficientis mqone Riobis damcavebi, romlebic fiqsirebuli an TviTdaxurvadia, garda R-3 jgufis gamoyenebebSi an sadac Sida ezo emsaxureba aTze nakleb mosargebleTa datvirTvas.

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MEANS OF EGRESS / 183

TavSeyris farTobidan gasasvleli §1025 Seicavs moTxovnebs, romlebic exeba uSualod TavSeyris gamoyenebebis gasasvlelebs da romlebic me-10 Tavis zogadi moTxovnebisaTvis damatebiTia. Zalian didi TavSeyris gamoyenebebs unda hqondes kvamlisgan daculi dasajdomi adgilebi. aseTi didi TavSeyris gamoyenebebi wlis ganmavlobaSi imdenad cota proeqtdeba da igeba, rom am wignSi masze saubari saWirod ar miviCnieT. Tumca, arsebobs ramdenime ZiriTadi principi, romelic gamoiyeneba TavSeyris gamoyenebebTan da romelic unda vicodeT.

meore gasasvleli saSualeba mTavari gasasvlelis garda

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TavSeyris farTobebs, sadac 300-ze meti dasajdomi adgilia, §1025.2-is Sesabamisad unda hqondes `mTavari gasasvleli~. es gasasvlelebi iseTi zomisa unda iyos, rom daitios TavSeyris sivrcis mosargebleTa datvirTvis araumcires naxevari. mTavari gasasvleli unda iyos sazogadoebriv gzaze an unda hqondes minimum 3048 mm siganis advilad misadgomi gza, romelic quCaSi an sazogadoebriv gzaze gadis.

•

garda mTavari gasasvlelisa, 300 an meti mosargeblisaTvis gankuTvnili TavSeyris farTobebis TiToeul doneze unda iyos damatebiTi gasasvleli saSualebebi, romlebic moemsaxureba am donis mosargebleTa datvirTvis minimum naxevars.

sazogadoebrivi gza

• A jgufis gamoyenebebSi mdebare aivnebs,

50 an meti mosargebleTa datvirTviT, unda hqondes ori gasasvleli saSualeba aivnis TiToeul mxares, romelTagan erTi gasasvleli saSualeba miemarTeba pirdapir gasasvlelisken.

gasasvlelis mimarTuleba

kargia foies an sxva Sualeduri sivrcis gavliT erTi gasasvlelisken wasasvlelad

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184 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

§1025.7: savali manZili: §1025.8: saerTo savali manZili: §1025. 9-10: gasavlelebi: §1025.11: TavSeyris farTobis savali zedapirebi: §1025.13-14 saxelurebi da damcavebi.

11

misadgomoba me-11 Tavi aregulirebs `fizikuri SesaZleblobebis SezRudvis mqone pirebisaTvis misadgomi Senobebis~ daproeqtebasa da mSeneblobas. amdenad, am nawilis miznebidan gamomdinare, IBC-is ganmarteba gansxvavdeba sxvadasxva Statisa da federalur standartebSi mocemuli ganmartebisgan, sadac saubaria SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebze. ganmartebebs Soris es mciredi gansxvaveba wina planze swevs kodis am Tavis mTavar sakiTxs, rac unda gvaxsovdes. federaluri kanonis terminebis an Statis kodis modifikaciebis mixedviT adgilobrivi kodebi xSirad ufro tevadia da sakmaod aRemateba IBC-is ZiriTad moTxovnebs. damproeqtebelma unda icodes, rom bevr Stats mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebuli, adgilobrivad SemuSavebuli misadgomobis moTxovnebi aqvs; zogierT SemTxvevaSi, Statebs pirdapir aqvs gadawerili me-11 Tavi mTlianad. amdenad, damproeqtebelma kodis ZiriTadi debulebebi unda Seadaros federalur kriteriumebs, aseve, Statisa da adgilobriv modifikaciebs. sxva Tavebisgan gansxvavebiT, am Tavis mixedviT, upiratesoba eniWeba adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis mier SemuSavebul modifikaciebs, romlebic mniSvnelovnad da didad SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes IBC-is ZiriTadi moTxovnebisgan. damproeqtebeli unda darwmundes, rom sworad SearCia misadgomobis kodi calkeuli proeqtisTvis. vinaidan misadgomobisaTvis gansazRvrul nawilSi gadamisamarTebaa ยง3409-ze (misadgomoba arsebuli SenobebisaTvis), xsenebuli nawili ganxiluli iqneba, rogorc am Tavis nawili. aseve, darwmunebulni varT, rom `misadgomobis damatebiTi moTxovnebis~ ramdenime nawili, romelic mocemulia kodis danarT E-Si, gamoiyeneba Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)-is (SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone amerikelebis Sesaxeb aqti) an adgilobriv cvlilebebSi Sesuli pirobebis umetesobis arsebobis dros. damproeqtebelma uflebamosili organosgan unda miiRos dadastureba imisa, rom am danarTis statusi damtkicebulia. axal da arsebul SenobebTan dakavSirebul miznobriv debulebebs Soris urTierTkavSiris gamo, avtorebi varaudoben, rom 34-e TavSi mocemuli debulebebi arsebuli Senobebis Sesaxeb ZalaSi Seva da danarTi E miRebuli iqneba. amdenad, me-11 Tavis ganxilvisas visaubrebT, rogorc kodis ZiriTadi nawilze, ise danarTze.

misadgomobis daproeqteba daproeqtebisas ufro da ufro mniSvnelovani xdeba moTxovna, Senobebi misadgomi iyos pirebisTvis, romelTac SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi aqvT. aman kidev ufro didi mniSvneloba SeiZina mas Semdeg, rac 1990 wels miiRes aqti SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone amerikelebis Sesaxeb (ADA). am wignSi Sevida sacxovrisis misadgomobis moTxovnebis ganxilva, radgan saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis programaSi SeiZleba gaTvaliswinebuli iyos sacxovrebeli an saZinebeli erTeulebis arseboba. es iqneba damatebiTi diskusia SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa misadgomobis debulebebze, xolo mTavari ganxilvis sagania iseTi sargeblobebi, rogoricaa: TavSeyris farTobebi, saklaso oTaxebi, kvebis obieqtebi da dRiuri zrunvis dawesebulebebi, rac ufro tipiuria saganmanaTleblo gamoyenebebisaTvis. samodelo kodebSi Sedis misadgomobis moTxovnebi, romlebic unda SeuTavsdes ADA-s moTxovnebs. Tumca, damproeqtebels unda axsovdes, rom nebarTvis gamcemis mier gegmis ganxilva mxolod samSeneblo kodis debulebebTan Sesabamisobis dadgenas isaxavs miznad. samodelo kodebi, Cveulebriv, ar iTvleba ADA-s eqvivalentur alternativad da kodTan Sesabamisoba ar iZleva ADA-Tan Sesabamisobis garantias. amdenad, arcerTi damproeqtebeli ar unda daeyrdnos mxolod kods misadgomobis moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis dadgenis dros. yvela proeqti aseve yuradRebiT unda Sedardes ADA-s debulebebTan, rom federalur kanonTan SesabamisobaSi iyos. unda gvaxsovdes, rom nebarTvis gamcemis mier dasturs ar aqvs kavSiri ADA-s gamoyenebasTan. nebarTvis gamcemi ar amowmebs ADA-Tan Sesabamisobas da am federaluri kanonis ZalaSi Seyvana ar Sedis arc mis uflebamosilebaSi da arc movaleobaSi.

misadgomad aucilebeli daSorebebi da misawvdomi manZilebis sazRvrebi/ diapazonebi kodSi gansazRvrulia, umTavresad, im pirebisTvis, romlebic specetliT sargebloben. mniSvnelovania, gvaxsovdes, rom SezRuduli unari gulisxmobs rogorc SegrZnebiT, ise gonebriv SezRudvebs da ara mxolod moZraobis SezRudvas. damproeqtebelma aseve unda gaiTvaliswinos mxedvelobisa da smenis SezRudvis mqone adamianebi. moZraobis SezRudvis mqone pirebis misadgomobasTan dakavSirebuli debulebebi moicavs SezRudvebis did nawils, Tumca damproeqtebelma, koordinirebuli formiT, aseve unda gaiTvaliswinos sxva SezRudvebis mqone jgufebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, jujoba. SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa erTi jgufisaTvis miRebuli saproeqto gadawyvetiT ar unda dazaraldes gansxvavebuli SezRudvebis mqone pirTa sxva jgufi.

Senobebis misadgomobas yuradRebiT adevneben Tvals advokaturis mravalricxovani jgufebi. isini sistematurad amowmeben SenobebTan misadgomobis debulebebis arseboba-ararsebobas. Senobis misadgomobasTan pretenzia yvelaze xSirad warmoiSoba Senobis vargisad aRiarebis Semdeg kodis an kanonebis mixedviT Semowmebis dros, rac SeiZleba proeqtis dasrulebis Semdeg moxdes.

Tu daaskvnian, rom Senobas ar aqvs sakmarisi misadgomoba, aseTi Senoba SeiZleba gamoyenebis mTel periodSi dakvirvebis sagani gaxdes. Cveni rCevaa: Tu ar aris gadawyvetili, Sesruldes Tu ara misadgomobis moTxovnebi, damproeqtebelma da Senobis mesakuTrem upiratesoba unda mianiWon misadgomobis uzrunvelyofas. kodSi gansazRvruli misadgomobis ZiriTadi moTxovnebi ganviTarda wina samodelo kodebidan da miznobrivi kriteriumebidan. kodi moiTxovs, rom Senobebi da nagebobebi daproeqtdes da aigos kodis misadgomobis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, aseve, miTiTebul standartSi, ICC A117.1-Si (amieridan, pirdapir A117.1), gabaritebisaTvis gansazRvruli detaluri moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

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me-11 Tavis debulebebi koncentrirebulia imaze, rom damproeqtebelsa da nebarTvis gamcems daexmaros imis gansazRvraSi, sad da ra raodenobiT gamoiyenos debulebebi. magaliTad, ramdeni aucilebeli misadgomi oTaxi unda iyos sastumroSi. sastumros aseTi misadgomi oTaxebis gabaritebi da teqnikuri moTxovnebi mocemulia A117.1-Si. amdenad, damproeqtebels mimdinare gadamisamarTebebisaTvis unda hqondes A117.1is asli, rom daakmayofilos kodis misadgomobis moTxovnebi. damproeqteblebma unda waikiTxon da srulyofilad gaecnon A117.1-is detalur moTxovnebs. aq am standartis mxolod garkveul nawilebs SevexebiT. A117.1-is sruli da detaluri axsna sxva wignis Temaa. A117.1 Zalian hgavs SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone amerikelebis Sesaxeb aqtis misadgomobis direqtivebs (ADAAG), magram identuri ar aris. da kvlav vimeorebT, rom SesabamisobaSi dasarwmuneblad, damproeqtebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos rogorc adgilobrivi modificirebuli kodi, ise ADA. dResdReobiT aris A117.1isa da ADAAG-is koordinirebis mcdeloba, magram albaT A117.1-s, ADAAG-sa da misadgomobis adgilobriv kodebs Soris mciredi gansxvavebebi yovelTvis iqneba. amdenad, damproeqtebelma Sedarebis safuZvelze unda gansazRvros, romeli specifikuri standartebi gamoiyenos ama Tu im proeqtisaTvis.

aqti SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis amerikelebisTvis damproeqtebeli aseve srulyofilad unda icnobdes SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone amerikelebis Sesaxeb aqts (ADA), gansakuTrebiT, ADAis misadgomobis direqtivebs (ADAAG).

ADAAG-Si mocemulia daproeqtebis federaluri fundamenturi kriteriumebi misadgomobisaTvis. kodisgan gansxvavebiT, ADA aris samoqalaqo samarTlis kanoni da gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva SemTxvevebSi. kodisgan gansxvavebiT, is SeiZleba aseve gamoyenebuli iyos retroaqtiulad (warsulTan dakavSirebiT) sxvadasxva SemTxvevebSi. daproeqtebis dawyebamde unda vicodeT, rom proeqtisTvis unda gamoviyenoT rogorc ADAAG, ise kodi (adgilobriv modificirebuli). gamoyenebadobas da federalur direqtivebs, adgilobriv modifikaciebsa da kods Soris potenciuri Seusabamobebis detaluri Sedareba scildeba am wignis kompetenciis sazRvrebs, Tumca damproeqtebelma daproeqtebisas unda gamoiyenos ara mxolod kodi, aramed ADAAG da adgilobrivi modifikaciebic.

damproeqteblebma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda miaqcion karis Tavisufal manZilebTan da baqnebTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs, romlebic Sesulia A117.1-Si. moTxovnebi, romlebic exeba Tavisufal da swor baqnebs da Tavisufal manZilebs karebebis saketian mxares, damokidebulia imaze, rogori mimarTulebiT udgebian moZraobis SezRudvis mqone pirebi kars. mniSvnelovania, sarTulis gegmaSi daproeqtebis sawyis etapzeve iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli sivrce am Tavisufali manZilebisaTvis. damproeqtebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos midgomis konfiguracia da midgomis mxare, rom gansazRvros, romeli kriteriumebi gamoiyenos. Tu dagegmarebis dasawyisSive ar iqna gaTvaliswinebuli es Tavisufali manZilebi, Semdeg Zalian Zneli iqneba maTi uzrunvelyofa sarTulis gegmebSi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebis gareSe. mniSvnelovania, rom aseT Tavisufal manZilebTan dakavSirebuli kriteriumebi karebebisa da A da B tipebis sacxorebeli erTeulebisaTvis daproeqtdes da aigos A117.1-is Sesabamisad da adreve iqnas Seswavlili da gegmebSi CarTuli `samarTliani sacxovrisis Sesaxeb federaluri aqtis~ saxelmZRvanelo principebi.

â&#x20AC;˘ SeiswavleT A117.1-is diagramebi, rom gasagebi gaxdes am Tavisufal manZilebTan dakavSirebuli debulebebi. Tavisufali manZilebi saSualebas unda iZleodes, specetli gavides gaRebul karSi, Semouaros dabrkolebebs da datrialdes an mobrundes. â&#x20AC;˘ misaRebia aseTi manevrirebis oTaxis alternatiuli saSualebis Cveneba, magram damproeqtebelma unda icodes, rogor moZraobs specetli da daproeqtebis kriteriumebi iseve, rogorc icis, rogor moZraobs manqana avtosadgom farTobze an rogor udgeba sabarguli datvirTvis baqans. aseTive codnaa saWiro imisaTvis, rom damproeqtebelma sworad, specetlSi mjdomi adamianebisaTvis misawvdomad ganaTavsos samarTavi CamrTvelebi an mowyobilobebi.

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ganmartebebi • proeqtSi misadgomobis safuZvels

misadgomi gza misadgomi gzis daniSnulebaa, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebs misces saSualeba, Sevidnen SenobaSi, Sevidnen da gamovidnen sasurveli daniSnulebis mqone sivrceebSi, da Semdeg gamovidnen Senobidan. aseve aucilebelia, misadgomi iyos iseTi damxmare daniSnulebis mqone mowyobilobebi, rogorebicaa: tualetebis aRWurviloba, telefonebi da sasmeli wylis fantanebi. mizania, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebma srulad isargeblon yvela funqciiT, ise rom atipiuri mopyrobis saWiroeba minimumamde Semcirdes. aseT araTanabar mopyrobad SeiZleba CaTvliliyo calke gzebis an damxmare saSualebebis uzrunvelyofa, magaliTad, rogoricaa specetlisTvis gankuTvnili liftebi.

warmoadgens misadgomi gzis uzrunvelyofa. §1102.1-Si, `misadgomi gzis~ ganmartebisas gamoyenebulia sityvebi: `uwyveti~ da `Cauxergavi~.

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebis mier gamosayenebeli gza ar unda wyvetdes maT Senobis iseTi sivrceebis an elementebisgan, romelTa gamoyenebis uflebac maT aqvT. kodis sxva nawilebSi an misadgomobis Sesaxeb dokumentebSi `gzas~ xSirad uwodeben `moZraobis mimarTulebas~ .

kargi iqneba, mudam gvaxsovdes universaluri daproeqtebis koncefcia. universaluri daproeqtebis mizania, Senobebi misadgomi iyos sxvadasxva SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebisaTvis, moZraobis unaris, fizikuri SesaZleblobebis, zomis, asakis an gonebrivi SesaZleblobebis miuxedavad.

1

20

P

leb qanobiani pandusebis gamoyeneba, romlebic akmayofilebs A117.1-is teqnikur moTxovnebs.

• daxrili zedapiri, romlis qanobi 1:20-ze naklebia, ar iTvleba pandusad. misadgom gzebze dasaSvebia aseTi qanobebis gamoyeneba, Tu karebebTan an mimarTulebis Secvlis adgilebSi aris brtyeli farTobebi, rogorc amas moiTxovs A117.1.

12

• kodisa da Sesabamisi standart1

misadgomi gzebis daproeqtebisas, damproeqtebels unda axsovdes yvela tipis unarSezRudva. naSverebma SeiZleba vneba miayenos mxedvelobis SezRudvis mqone adamianebs, aseve, specetlSi mjdomma an moZraobis SezRudvis mqone adamianebma SeiZleba raime daiSavon qanobis cvlilebis, mag., pandusebis an kibeebis gamo.

• misadgom gzebze SeiZleba 1:12 an nak-

TavSesafris farTobebis moTxovnebi, romlebic ganxilulia me-10 TavSi, aRiarebs, rom normalur pirobebSi SenobaSi Sesuli SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebi ar unda gamovidnen Senobidan sagangebo situaciebSi. TavSesafris farTobebis Sesaxeb debulebebi ixileT §1007.6-Si.

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ebis mixedviT, `sworad~ iTvleba qanobebi 6,35 mm yovel 304,8 mm eqsterieris baqnebze, romlebic uzrunvelyofilia drenaJirebisaTvis, magram aseve iTvaliswinebs SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebis saWiroebebs. moZraobis mimarTuleba grZeldeba adgilis kidemde.

• dasaproeqtebeli SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebi xSirad damokidebulni arian sazogadoebriv transportze da SesaZlebeli unda iyos miwis nakveTis gadakveTa da SenobasTan misvla fexiT mosiaruleTaTvis misadgomi wertilebidan.

ganmartebebi sacxovrebeli erTeulebis tipebi rogorc A, ise B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi gamoiyeneba sacxovrebeli erTeulebis ufro farTo kategoriasTan. am moTxovnebma mniSvnelovnad Secvala sivrcis mimarT moTxovnebi erT doniani ramdenime ojaxis sacxovrisis da mravaldoniani SenobebisaTvis, sadac uzrunvelyofilia liftebi. R-jgufis gamoyenebebis damproeqteblebma yuradRebiT unda Seiswavlon miznobrivi moTxovnebi. aRsaniSnavia, aseve, rom marTalia, kodi Sesworebulia `samarTliani sacxovrisis Sesaxeb federaluris aqtis~ moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, damproeqteblebma unda gadaxedon am moTxovnebs, raTa darwmundnen, rom proeqti akmayofilebs rogorc federalur, ise adgilobriv moTxovnebs.

• A da B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebisaTvis arsebuli ganmartebebi da moTxovnebi kodSi Sevida imisaTvis, rom kodis moTxovnebi `samarTliani sacxovrisis Sesaxeb federaluris aqtis (FFHA)~ saxelmZRvanelo principebis Sesabamisi yofiliyo. arsebuli pirobebis mixedviT, sacxovreblis daproeqtebisas, damproeqtebels SeuZlia uzrunvelyos mTlianad misadgomi erTeulebi, A117.1-is Sesabamisad (tipi A) an adaptirebadi erTeulebi (tipi B). am sacxovrebeli erTeulebis Sesabamisi moTxovnebi Sesulia §1107-Si. gegmis gabaritebis moTxovnebi mniSvnelovania zogierTi tipis erTeulisTvis, radgan Tavisufali manZilebi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos momavalSi adaptirebad erTeulebSi misadgomobis uzrunvelsayofad.

• misadgomobisaTvis saWiro garkveu-

teqnikurad SeuZlebeli/ ganuxorcielebadi

li elementebi, rogoricaa: mosaWidi Zelebi, dadablebuli daxlebi da karadebis qveS Tavisufali sivrceebi, adaptirebad erTeulebSi unda damontaJdes mogvianebiT. iseTi samSeneblo detalebi/elementebi, rogoricaa gadakeTebadi karadebi da kedlSi samagris gaTvaliswineba mosaWidi ZelebisTvis, aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom misadgom erTeulad gadakeTeba gaadvildes da saWiro ar gaxdes didi rekonstruqcia.

termini `teqnikurad SeuZlebeli/ganuxorcielebadi~ yuradRebiT Seswavlasa da didi sifrTxiliT gamoyenebas moiTxovs. es ganmarteba gvxvdeba 34-e TavSi, romelic exeba arsebul Senobebs da gamoiyeneba mxolod arsebuli Senobebis gadakeTebisas, sadac misadgomobis uzrunvelsayofad saWiroa struqturis mniSvnelovani mzidi nawilebis aReba, an sadac adgilTan dakavSirebuli an sxva fizikuri problemis gamo SeuZlebelia kodSi moTxovnili misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa. am debulebis gamoyenebam SeiZleba gamoiwvios konfliqti ADATan an adgilobriv modificirebul kodTan. aseT regulaciebs an kanonmdeblobas SeiZleba sxvagvari kriteriumebi hqondes teqnikurad ganuxorcieleblobis gansazRvrisaTvis, vidre kodis am nawilSia mocemuli. am debulebis gamoyeneba dasaSvebia mxolod damkveTTan da adgilobriv uflebamosil organosTan konsultaciebis Semdeg.

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moTxovnebi regulirebis sagnis mimarT moTxovnebi regulirebis sagnis mimarT §1103.1-is mixedviT, misadgomobis moTxovnebi exeba rogorc Senobebs, ise adgilebs, sadac isinia ganTavsebuli.

Cveulebriv, misadgomi gza unda gagrZeldes miwis nakveTis sazRvrebamde. ar aris aucilebeli, moZraobis yvela mimarTuleba misadgomi iyos, magram rogorc SenobaSi, ise Senobis gareT da miwis nakveTze, unda gadiodes advilad misadgomi gza.

• gagrilebisa da gayinvis oTaxebi ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, Tu maT iyeneben mxolod TanamSromlebi. misadgomobis adgilobrivi moTxovnebi unda gadamowmdes adgilobriv uflebamosil organosTan. aRsaniSnavia, rom aseT gagrilebis oTaxebTan mowyobilia pandusiani savali gzebi da damproeqtebelma is unda ganixilos, rogorc misadgomobis uzrunvelyofis saSualeba, universaluri daproeqtebis interesebidan gamomdinare.

gamonaklisebi §1003.2-Si gansazRvrulia misadgomobis moTxovnebis gamonaklisebi da es gamonaklisebi gadanawilebulia kodis sxva Tavebis nawilebSi. gamonaklisebi exeba, zogadad, mcire gamoyenebis sivrceebs da sivrceebs, sadac misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa ar iqneboda sivrcis gamoyenebis proporciuli. Tumca, kidev erTxel unda aRiniSnos isic, rom kodSi mocemuli gamonaklisebi SeiZleba ar Seesabamebodes federalur an adgilobriv kanonebsa da regulaciebs da yuradRebiT unda gadamowmdes. misadgomobasTan dakavSirebuli specifikuri gamonaklisebi IBC-Si moicavs Semdegs:

• indiviadualuri muSa sadgurebi SeiZ-

•

• • •

• •

leba ar iyos misadgomi, magram unda iyos misadgom gzaze. amdenad, muSa sadgurebisken mimavali gasavlelebis sigane unda akmayofilebdes misadgomobis moTxovnas. izolirebuli sacxovreblebi, rogoricaa erTi ojaxis binebi da dupleqsebi, maTi ganlagebis adgilebTan da mowyobilobebTan erTad, ar saWiroebs misadgomobas.

U jgufis gamoyenebebs, romlebic ar aris Ria farTo sazogadoebisaTvis an moeTxoveba misadgomi avtosadgomi, ar exeba misadgomobis moTxovnebi. samSeneblo moednebs ar sWirdeba misadgomoba. amaRlebuli farTobebi, SezRuduli misadgomis mqone farTobebi, mowyobilobebisTvis gankuTvnili sivrceebi da erTi mosargeblisTvis gankuTvnili nagebobebi, rogoricaa: dacvis sadgurebi, xaraCoebi, gamouyenebeli fuZis sarTulebi, elevatoris ormoebi an sakontrolo postebi/gadasaxdeli kabinebi ar saWiroebs misadgomobas.

R-1 gamoyenebebi, sadac 5-ze naklebi saZinebeli oTaxia, romlebic aseve warmoadgens mesakuTris sacxovrebels, ar saWiroebs misadgomobas. §1103.2.12-is mixedviT, sadac dRiuri zrunvis dawesebuleba aris sacxovrebeli erTeulis nawili, nagebobis mxolod is nawili unda iyos misadgomi, romelic dRiuri zrunvisaTvisaa gamoyenebuli.

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misadgomobis moTxovnebis ganxilvisas, gansakuTrebiT, axali mSeneblobisTvis, damproeqtebeli, pirvel rigSi, unda ecados, rom adamianebis mier gamoyenebuli yvela farTobi da yvela funqcia misadgomi iyos. gonivruli iqneba aseve, TanamSromlebisaTvis gankuTvnili yvela farTobi, garda specifikuri momsaxurebis farTobebisa, romlebic ar gamoiyeneba arc sazogadoebis da arc TanamSromlebis mier, misadgomi iyos SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebisTvis.

• vinaidan adgilobrivi an federaluri

debulebebi SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes erTmaneTisgan, gamonaklisebis gamoyenebisas didi sifrTxilea saWiro.

misadgomi gzebi §1104 moiTxovs, rom misadgomi gzebi arsebobdesteritoriazeSesvliswertilSi, sazogadoebrivitransportisgaCerebebidan, misadgomi avtosadgomidan da datvirTvis zonebidan, sazogadoebrivi quCebidan da trotuarebidan teritoriis sazRvrebSi. am moTxovnidan erTaderTi gamonaklisi exeba did teritorias, sadac elementebi gafantulia avtomobilis misadgomi gzis gaswvriv, romelic TavisTavad ar aris misadgomi. aq igulisxmeba, rom yvela adamiani teritoriaze gadaadgildeba erTi adgilidan meorisken avtomobilis saSualebiT da rom ar arsebobs calke saqveiTo misadgomobis armqone gza adamianebisTvis, romelTac ar aqvT SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi. am formulirebidan gamomdinare, misadgomi gza unda moewyos, sadac saqveiTo gza teritoriis moZraobis mimarTulebis sistemisnawilia.aqisazria,romSezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebi da qveiTad mosiaruleebi erTnair mdgomareobaSi arian. aRsaniSnavia, rom gamonaklisi ar exeba Senobebs, sadac aris B tipis erTeulebi; aseT SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia misadgomi gzis mowyoba teritoriaze Sesasvleli wertilidan. kodis es debuleba unda Seesabamebodes samarTliani sacxovrisis Sesaxeb federalur aqts. unda gvaxsovdes, rom misadgomoba uzrunvelyofili unda iyos sxvadasxva tipis unarSezRudvebis mqone pirebisTvis da ara mxolod moZraobis SezRudvis mqone adamianebisTvis.

• antresolebi da msgavsi mravaldoniani sivrceebi erTmaneTTan unda iyos dakavSirebuli misadgomi gziT, Tu maTi farTobi 278,7 m2-mde ar aris. minimalur zomasTan dakavSirebuli es gamonaklisi ar gamoiyeneba, roca am sivrceebSi ganTavsebulia samedicino provaiderebis ofisebi (B an I gamoyenebebi), satranzito dawesebulebebi an calkeuli saijaro sivrceebi mraval mosargeblian M jgufis gamoyenebebSi. SezRuduli gamonaklisebi sxva gamoyenebebisTvisac arsebobs. zogadad rom vTqvaT, yvelanairad unda vecadoT, SenobaSi arsebul yvela gamoyenebad sivrcesTan midiodes minimum erTi misadgomi gza.

P • SenobaSi

misadgomi savali gza unda miemarTebodes misadgomi Sesasvlelebidan Senobis yvela nawilisken. mxolod erTi gzis mowyobis SemTxvevaSi, is ar unda gadiodes samzareuloebis an momsaxurebis sivrceebis gavliT. misadgomi gza ar unda ganvixiloT, rogorc meorexarisxovani gza SenobaSi gadasaadgileblad. misadgomi gza unda emTxveodes saerTo sacirkulacio gzas an axlos unda iyos masTan. Tu saerTo sacirkulacio gzebi interierSi mdebareobs da, amdenad, daculia atmosferuli movlenebis zemoqmedebisgan, misadgomi gzac aseve interieris mxares unda iyos.

ACCESSIBILITY / 191

misadgomi Sesasvlelebi §1105 moiTxovs, rom Senobis minimum erTi mTavari Sesasvleli da erTad aRebuli yvela Sesasvlelis minimum 60% misadgomi iyos.

Tu saijaro sivrces calke Sesasvlelebi aqvs, yoveli saijaro sivrcisaTvis gamoiyeneba igive kriteriumebi. erTaderTi gamonaklisia Sesasvlelebi, romlebic ar saWiroebs misadgomobas da momsaxureTa/damxmare Sesasvlelebi an datvirTvis baqnebi, romlebic ar wamoadgens SenobaSi an saijaro sivrceSi erTaderT Sesasvlels. roca momsaxureTa/damxmare Sesasvlelebi SenobaSi Sesvlis erTaderTi saSualebaa, isini misadgomi unda iyos. roca SenobaSi Sesasvlelebi emsaxureba misadgom damxmare Senobebs, rogorebicaa: misadgomi avtosadgomi farTobebi, usafrTxo zonebi mgzavrebisaTvis, satranzito dawesebulebebi an sazogadoebrivi quCebi, maSin TiToeulis Sesasvlelebidan minimum erTi misadgomi unda iyos. misadgomi gzisa da Sesasvlelebis sistemebi ise unda daproeqtdes, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebs ar mouwioT grZeli manZilebis gavla imisaTvis, rom erTi misadgomi Senobidan meoreSi gadavidnen.

P

• SenobaSi Sesasvleli SeiZleba ar saWiroebdes misadgomobas, radgan sxva Sesasvlelebis minimum 60%-s udgebodes misadgom gzas. Tu mxolod ori Sesasvlelia, orive misadgomi unda iyos, rom daakmayofilos 60% misadgomobis kriteriumi.

• aseTi

saijaro sivrceebis Sesasvlelebi ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, radgan misadgomi Sesasvlelebi ukve arsebobs SenobaSi.

192 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

avtosadgomi da mosacdeli nagebobebi mgzavrebisTvis §1106-is moTxovnebSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia imaze, Tu rogor xorcieldeba me-11 Tavi. avtosadgomisadmi moTxovnebSi mocemulia raodenobebi da ara is, rogor unda ganlagdes misadgomi farexebi. farexis gabaritebi Sesulia Sesabamis standartSi, A117.1. miznobrivi moTxovnebi avtosagomisaTvis Seesabameba 1106.1 cxrils, romlis mixedviTac misadgomi avtosadgomi farexebis raodenoba ganisazRvreba avtosadgomi sivrceebis saerTo raodenobis safuZvelze.

• 2440 mm minimaluri sigane misadgomi gasasvlelebisTvis, romlebic furgonis misadgom sivrceebs esazRvreba

• 2440 mm minimaluri sigane avtosadgo-

• misadgomi farexebi unda Sevides

mi sivrceebisTvis

• 1525 mm minimaluri sigane misadgomi gasavlelebisTvis

• misadgomi gasavlelebi misadgomi gzis nawilad iTvleba. iseTi mdebareoba unda hqondes, rom misadgomi gza avtosadgomi farTobidan Senobis uaxloes misadgom Sesasvlelamde SeZlebisdagvarad mokle iyos. aRsaniSnavia, rom es SeiZleba isec gavigoT, rom misadgomi avtosadgomi uSualod Sesasvlelis momijnaved ganTavsdes, miuxedavad imisa, rogori konfiguraciiT xdeba cirkulireba avtosadgom farTobze. sityvis `SeZlebisdagvarad~ ganmarteba SeiZleba sadao gaxdes da nebarTvis gamcemebma da SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa advokatebma araerTgvarovani interpretaciebi warmoadginon.

• avtosadgoms

• magaliTi: 400 avtomo-

bilis avtosadgomi; 8 misadgomi sivrce minimum; 8-dan 2 unda iyos furgonis misadgomi, furgoni radgan aucilebelia 6-ze meti misadgomi sivrce. roca sawyisi raodeno- furgoni ba arasruli ricxvia, moTxovnis mixedviT, unda damrgvaldes momdevno srul ricxvamde.

• misadgomi usafrTxo zonebi mgzavrebisaTvis unda moewyos samedicino dawesebulebebTan, sadac adamianebi gaCerdebian 24 saaTze meti drois manZilze, rogorc grZelvadiani rezidentebi an rogorc samedicino dawesebulebis pacientebi. usafrTxo zonebi saWiroa, aseve, teqnikuri personalis/ mosamsaxureebis avtosadgomebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi.

• mgzavrebisTvis gankuTvnil misadgom

usafrTxo adgilebSi sadgomis zemoT Tavisufali manZili unda iyos minimum 2440 mm.

• 2440 mm minimaluri sigane momijnave misadgomi gasavlelebisTvis

8'

avtosadgomebis saerTo raodenobaSi, magram isini calke unda gamoiyos im adamianebisaTvis, romelTac SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi aqvT. ZiriTadi kriteriumia is, rom avtosadgomi sivrceebis minimum 2% misadgomi unda iyos. saavadmyofoebis avtosadgomebisadmi moTxovnebi ufro mkacria da moiTxovs, rom saavadmyofos ambulatoriuli dawesebulebebis pacientebisa da stumrebis avtomobilebis gasaCerebeli sivrceebis 10% misadgomi iyos. did avtosadgom miwis nakveTze SeiZleba rTuli iyos imis gansazRvra, rogor unda gamoiyos sivrceebi stacionaruli da ambolatoriuli dawesebulebebis pacientebisa da stumrebisaTvis. es meore farTobia, sadac raime eWvis an bundovanebis SemTxvevaSi, gonivruli iqneba umaRlesi standartis misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa, romelic potenciurad gamoyenebadi SeiZleba iyos. sareabilitacio da abmulatoriuli dawesebulebebisTvis moTxovnebi kvlav mkacrdeba, saWiroa ra avtosadgomebis saerTo raodenobidan 20% misadgomi iyos. aq nagulisxmebia is, rom aseTi dawesebulebebis momxmareblebi metwilad SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqoneni arian, rac misadgomi avtosadgomis aucileblobas warmoSobs.

• yovel 6 misadgom sivrceze, an maT monakveTze, erTi sivrce unda iyos furgonis misadgomi sivrce. am sivrcis misadgomi gasavleli ufro didia, vidre tipiuri misadgomi avtosadgomi sivrcisa. Tu avtosadgomi farTobi pataraa da mxolod erT sivrces moicavs, es sivrce furgonisTvis misadgomi unda iyos. furgonisTvis gankuTvnili sivrce Sedis aucilebeli misadgomi sivrceebis saerTo raodenobaSi. yvela misadgomi avtosadgomi Sedis avtosadgomi sivrceebis, rogorc misadgomi, ise aramisadgomi, jamur/saboloo saerTo raodenobaSi.

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sacxovrebeli da saZinebeli erTeulebi sacxovrebeli da saZinebeli erTeulebis mimarT arsebuli moTxovnebis mizania is, rom sastumroebi, motelebi, saerTo saZinebeli oTaxebi, bevri ojaxisTvis gankuTvnili sacxovreblebi da I jgufis institucionaluri sargeblobebi maqsimalurad misadgomi iyos praqtikulad da raodenobrivad da moemsaxuros SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebis gaTvaliswinebul raodenobas. aucilebeli raodenobis gansazRvra yovelTvis empiriul gamocdilebas ar efuZvneba, magram damproeqtebelma Senobis daproeqtebis dros unda gamoiyenos kodiT gansazRvruli raodenobebi. saerTo sargeblobisa da rekreaciuli Senobebi, romlebic Riaa yvela macxovreblisTvis an sazogadoebisTvis, aseve misadgomi unda iyos.

• misadgomi erTeulebi aRwerilia A

B

misadgomi sacxovrebeli da saZinebeli erTeulebi §1107.2-Si, misadgomi sacxovrebeli erTeulebi da saZinebeli erTeulebi iyofa A an B tipis misadgom erTeulebad. aq sityva `erTeuls~ gamoviyenebT, rogorc sacxovrebel, ise saZinebel erTeulebTan, Tu sxvagvarad ar aris miTiTebuli. me-2 Tavis ganmartebis mixedviT, saZinebeli erTeulebi aris oTaxebi an sivrceebi, sadac adamianebi iZineben. aq SeiZleba Sediodes saerTo saZinebeli oTaxebi, sastumroebi an motelebis sastumro oTaxebi an luqsebi, saZinebeli oTaxebi sacxovrebel erTeulebSi an kerZo samkurnalo dawesebulebebis oTaxebSi.

misadgomi sivrceebi §1107.3-is moTxovnebi warmoSobilia misadgomi gzebis moTxovnebisgan. oTaxebi da sivrceebi, romlebic emsaxureba misadgom erTeulebs da romlebic xelmisawvdomia farTo sazogadoebisTvis, an gamoiyeneba, zogadad, macxovreblebis mier, misadgomi unda iyos. aq Sedis iseTi farTobebi, rogoricaa: tualetisa da saabazano oTaxebi, samzareulo, sacxovrebeli da sasadilo farTobebi da eqsterieris sivrceebi, maT Soris, Siga ezoebi, terasebi da aivnebi. rekreaciul SenobebTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs gamonaklisi, romelzec visaubrebT mogvianebiT, §1109.14-is komentirebisas.

misadgomi gza

§1107.4 moiTxovs, rom R-1 da R-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi minimum erTi misadgomi gza aerTebdes Senobis an teritoriis mTavar Sesasvlels TiToeuli misadgomi sacxovrebeli erTeulis sadarbazo SesasvlelTan. misadgomi gza aseve unda aerTebdes misadgom erTeulebs farTobebTan, romlebic am erTeulebs emsaxureba, rogorebicaa: samrecxao oTaxebi an saerTo oTaxebi. am debulebis gamonaklisi exeba cicabo adgilebs, sadac sacxovrebeli erTeulebis mqone Senobebi dakavSirebulia aramisadgomi saavtomobilo gzebiT, §1104-is debulebebis Sesabamisad. aseT SemTxvevebSi, misaRebia misadgomi avtosadgomis arseboba TiToeul misadgom SenobasTan.

194 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

A117.1-Si da unda iyos mTlianad, misadgomi misadgomobis yvela debulebis uzrunvelyofiT. • A tipis erTeulebi aRwerilia A117.1-Si da unda iyos mTlianad misadgomi. misadgomobis yvela debuleba Tavidanve SeiZleba ar iyos Sesrulebuli, magram advilad gansaxorcielebeli unda iyos.

• standartSi aseve aRwerilia B tipis erTeulebi, magram unda Seesabamebodes samarTliani sacxovrisis Sesaxeb federaluri aqtis saxelmRvanelo principebis teqnikur moTxovnebs, romelsac iyenebs `sacxovrisisa da urbanuli ganviTarebis departamenti~ (HUD). amdenad, B tipis erTeulebi uzrunvelyofs misadgomobis minimalur dones da ufro advilad `adaptirebadi~ erTeulebia, sadac Zalian cota cvlilebaa saWiro imisaTvis, rom erTeuli ufro misadgomi gaxdes, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, da moemsaxuros SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone mosargebleebs.

• aseve, B tipis erTeulebSi, verandebi

da Siga ezoebi, romlebic, Cveulebriv, daxrilia eqsterieris karebebTan drenaJirebisTvis da atmosferuli zemoqmedebisgan dasacavad, ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, Tu safexuri 102 mm-ze pataraa da eqsterieris farTobis zedapiri mopirkeTebulia SeuRwevadi masaliT. unda aRiniSnos, rom es gamonaklisi ar exeba A tipis sacxovrebel erTeulebs.

sacxovrebeli da saZinebeli erTeulebi R jgufis gamoyenebebi R jgufis gamoyenebebSi sxvadasxva zRvrebTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi iwyeba sacxovrebeli sivrceebisa da erTeulebis raodenobiT. bevr erTeuliani sacxovrebeli Senobis yoveli tipis garkveuli procenti misadgomi unda iyos, sadac sacxovreblis tipebis raodenoba da mravalferovneba izrdeba sacxovrebeli Senobis zomisa da tipis mixedviT. es debulebebi ar exeba individualur, erTi ojaxis sacxovreblebs, magram exeba sacxovreblebs, sadac 4-ze meti aseTi individualuri erTeulia erT SenobaSi.

• §1107.6.1.2 moiTxovs, rom yvela sacxB

B

B

B

ovrebeli erTeuli iyos B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeuli sacxovrebel gamoyenebebSi, rogorebicaa: R-2 da R-3 jgufis gamoyenebebi, sadac oTxze meti sacxovrebeli erTeulia.

• rac ufro didia Senobebi, miT

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B A

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

B B

ufro saWiroa A tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebi. magaliTad, R-2 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, sadac 20-ze meti sacxovrebeli erTeulia, sacxovrebeli erTeulebis minimum 2%, magram araumcires erTi, unda iyos A tipis sacxovrebeli erTeuli. imis gamo, rom maT ufro maRali misadgomobis xarisxi aqvT, A tipis sacxovrebeli erTeuli SeiZleba Caenacvlos B tipis sacxovrebel erTeulebs, magram ara piriqiT. • §1107.6.1.1-is mixedviT, R-1-is erTeulebs unda hqondes misadgomi erTeulebi. erTeulebis zrdasTan erTad unda gaizardos misadgomi erTeulebis raodenoba. unda aRiniSnos, rom misadgomobis damatebiTi elementebi, rogoricaa: misadgomi saSxapeebi, saWiroa, roca erTeulebis raodenoba izrdeba. amdenad, 1007.6.1.1 cxrilis mixedviT, 50-mde erTeulze 2 misadgomi erTeuli unda iyos, magram misadgomi saSxapeebi saWiro araa. Tumca, roca 51 an meti erTeulia, saWiroa 4 misadgomi erTeuli, sadac minimum erT misadgom erTeulSi mdebareobs misadgomi saSxape.

• am moTxovnebis uamravi gamonaklisi rom gamoiyenos, damproeqtebels kargad unda esmodes gansxvavebebi B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis moTxovnebisTvis, rac damokidebulia imaze, gansaxilveli erTeulebi miwispira sarTulze ganTavsebuli erTeulebia Tu mravalsarTuliani erTeulebi.

• miwispira sarTulze ganTavsebuli sacxov.

erTeulis mTavari Sesasvleli da sacxov. sivrce gruntis niSnulis donezea.

• mravalsarTuliani erTeuli ewodeba ramdenime iatakis mqone erT sacxovreblian erTeuls, sadac sacxovrebeli sivrce an saabazano oTaxi (rac, Cveulebriv, ar iTvleba sacxovrebel sivrced) erTze met iatakis donezea. unda aRiniSnos, rom termini - mravalsarTuliani ar exeba, gruntis niSnuls zemoT mdebare erT donian sacxovrebel erTeuls mravalsarTulian SenobaSi.

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sacxovrebeli da saZinebeli erTeulebi saerTo gamonaklisebi, 1107.7-is Sesabamisad

1. ulifto SenobebSi, arc A da arc B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebi saWiro ar aris iatakebze, garda miwispira iatakisa. SenobaSi, da ara mxolod miwispira iatakTan, unda iyos yvela erTeulis erTobliobis safuZvelze gansazRvruli raodenobis A tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebi. unda vivaraudoT, rom SenobebSi, sadac 4 an naklebi erTeulia, miwispira iatakze arsebuli erTeulebidan yvela B tipis erTeuli unda iyos.

misadgomi sacxovrebeli erTeulebisaTvis arsebuli gamonaklisebi damokidebulia specifikur mdgomareobebze da Tanabrad ar exeba A da B tipis sacxovrebel erTeulebs. es gamonaklisebia:

B

B

B

B

B

B

B tipis erTeulebi mxolod am iatakze

2. podiumis tipis ulifto SenobebSi, sadac sacxovrebeli erTeulebi mxolod miwispira iatakis zeviT gvxvdeba, mxolod yvelaze qvemoT mdebare sacxovrebeli erTeulebi unda akmayofilebdes am nawilis moTxovnebs. amdenad, 4-dan 20-mde erTeulis Semcveli Senobis yvelaze dabal doneze, sacxovrebeli erTeulebis yvelaze dabal doneze mdebare erTeulebi B tipis erTeulebi unda iyos, magram mxolod am doneze.roca sacxovrebeli erTeulebis saerTo raodenoba 20-s aRemateba, am nawilis Sesabamisad, saWiroa A tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis uzrunvelyofa, magram aqac sacxovrebeli erTeulis mxolod yvelaze dabal doneze.

3. ar aris aucilebeli mravaldoniani ulifto sacxovrebeli erTeuli akmayofilebdes B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis moTxovnebs. amdenad, ar aris aucilebeli, saxlebis rigSi sacxovrebeli erTeulebi B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebi iyos. Tumca, roca lifti emsaxureba erTeulis mxolod erT iataks, es iataki unda akmayofilebdes B tipis erTeulis moTxovnebs da unda hqondes tualetis mowyobilobebi. ar aris naTqvami, rom es mowyobilobebi saWiroebs misadgomobas, magram is unda daproeqtdes misadgomobis gaTvaliswinebiT. lifti SeiZleba iyos erTeulis SigniT, an emsaxurebodes derefnebs erTeulis gareT, magram Tu lifti emsaxureba mravaldoniani erTeulis romelime dones, es done unda akmayofilebdes zemoTxsenebul moTxovnebs. â&#x20AC;˘ misadgomobis moTxovnebis mizani rom miiRwes, girCevT, saxlebis rigis miwispira iatakebi, romlebic misadgom gzazea, adaptirebadi iyos da rom adaptirebadi an mTlianad misadgomi tualetis oTaxi moewyos miwispira iatakze stumrebisaTvis. es SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebs erTeulis mosargebleebTan stumrobis saSualebas miscems.

196 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

sacxovrebeli da saZinebeli erTeulebi 4. Tu adgilze ramdenime ulifto Senobaa da teritorias ramdenime niSnuli aqvs, maSin B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis mowyobis saWiroeba unda ganisazRvros mTeli teritoriis konteqstSi.

• Tu teritoriis ganaSenianebamde gruntis daqaneba 10% an metia, maSin qanobze mdebare erTeulebs ar moeTxoveba akmayofilebdes miwispira iatakze B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulis moTxovnebs. es niSnavs, rom aseT adgilze advili ar aris misadgomi gzis mowyoba.

B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B • Tumca,

B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis saerTo raodenoba, arcerT SemTxvevaSi, ar unda iyos miwis nakveTze miwispira iatakis mqone sacxovrebeli erTeulebis 20%-ze naklebi. maSinac ki, roca teritoria mTlianad cicabo qanobia, misadgomi gzis uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis minimum 20% unda dakmayofildes.

5. arc A da arc B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebi ar aris saWiro, sadac teritoriaze arsebobs wyaldidobis safrTxe da SeuZlebelia, misadgomi gza moewyos ise, rom miwis nakveTis Sesasvlelidan 15 240 mm-is sazRvrebSi gruntis niSnuli ar aRmoCndes iatakidan 762 mm-mde dabla, an 10% an meti ar iyos daxra qveiTad mosiarulis an avtomobilis Sesvlis wertilsa da erTeulebis mTavar Sesasvlelebs Soris. es Zalian specifikuri teritoriis kriteriumebia. am gamonaklisis gamoyenebisas didi sifrTxile gvmarTebs, radgan qanobiani teritoriis gamo SeiZleba saWiro gaxdes saproeqto gadawyveta gruntis zedapiris cvlilebiT.

• ≥ 762 mm

≥ 10% nulovani niSnuli

•

!

idumali da erTgvarad bundovani xasiaTi am da sxva gamonalisebis didi nawilisa, romlebic am kodSi da ADAAG-Si mocemuli misadgomobis debulebebisTvisaa, mxolod amyarebs Cvens rekomendacias SenobebSi misadgomobis uzrunvelyofasTan mimarTebaSi. Tu Cans, rom kodi moiTxovs misadgomobas, moTxovna unda dakmayofildes. misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa Senobasa da mosargebleebs zians ar ayenebs, maSin roca misi ararseboba iwvevs misadgomobis SezRudvas da iuridiul problemebs, risi Tavidan acilebis saukeTeso saSualebacaa misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa.

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specifiuri gamoyenebebi §1108 awesebs misadgomobis damatebiT moTxovnebs specifiuri gamoyenebebisTvis. formulireba `specifiuri gamoyenebebi~ erTgvar gaugebrobas iwvevs im mxriv, rom am nawilSi ganxilulia igive gamoyenebebi, rac kodis sxva nawilebSi da maTi arseboba SenobebSi arafriTaa uCveulo an specifiuri umetes SemTxvevebSi. Tumca, ar aris aucilebeli, am nawilSi aRwerili gamoyenebebi Seesabamebodes pirobiT gamoyenebiT jgufebs, romlebic ganxilulia kodis sxva nawilebSi.

TavSeyris farTobebi fiqsirebul skamebiani TavSeyris farTobebisTvis aucilebelia Semdegi debulebebi:

•

•

•

§1108.2.1 moiTxovs, rom momsaxurebebi misadgomi iyos misadgomi gzis saSualebiT an momsaxurebebi mdebareobdes rogorc misadgom gzaze, ise aramisadgom farTobebze. §1108.2.2 moiTxovs, rom specetlisTvis gankuTvnili sivrceebis raodenoba ganisazRvros TavSeyris gamoyenebaSi arsebuli skamebis safuZvelze, 1108.2.2.1 cxrilis Sesabamisad. §1108.2.3 moiTxovs, rom specetlebi gadanawilebuli iyos. gadanawilebis mizania, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebisTvis uzrunvelyos gansxvavebuli pirdapiri xilvadobis xazebisa da sxvadasxva fasis mqone adgilebis arCevani.

•

•

gadamcemi damxmare mosasmenebisTvis

30" X 48" (762 X 1219) farTobi specetlisaTvis

• pidapiri xilvadobis xazebi yuradRebiT unda iqnas Seswavlili, rom specetliT mosargebleebs sanaxaobis danaxvis saSualeba hqondeT. specetliT mosargebleebisTvis pirdapiri xilvadobis xazebis uzrunvelyofa davis sagania. gansakuTrebiT, im TvalsazrisiT, rom uzrunvelyofili iyos xilvadoba specetliT mosargebleebisTvis im SemTxvevebSi, roca sxva skamebTan myofni sportuli sanaxaobebis dros fexze dganan, radgan aRelvebuli gulSematkivrebi xSirad wamoiWrebian xolme fexze. es sakiTxi ramdenjerme sasamarTlo ganxilvis sagnad iqca. proeqtis momzadebisas, damproeqtebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos skamebis gadanawilebis mimdinare samarTlebrivi mdgomareoba da misadgomobasTan dakavSirebuli pirdapiri xilvadobis xazis kriteriumebi.

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specifiuri gamoyenebebi

pandusi gamomsvlelis kaTedramde

fiqsirebul skamebian TavSeyris farTobebze, sadac xmovani komunikaciebi sivrcis nawilia, unda damontaJdes damxmare mosasmeni meqanizmebi. mimRebebis raodenoba gamomdinareobs TavSeyris farTobis skamebis raodenobidan. es moTxovnebi gamoiyeneba patara TavSeyris adgilebSi mxolod maSin, roca dayenebulia audio gamaZliereblebi. Tumca, 50 an meti mosargeblis mqone TavSeyris farTobebze, damxmare mosasmeni meqanizmebi aucilebelia miuxedavad imisa, aris Tu ara dayenebuli gamaZliereblebi. damxmare mosasmeni meqanizmebi aucilebelia yvela sivrcisTvis, sadac audio gamaZlierebeli sistemebia damontaJebuli. saukeTeso direqtivaa, rom, Tu gamaZlierebeli arsebobs zogierTisTvis, arsebobdes yvelasTvis. nu warmoidgenT, rom damxmare mosasmeni da specetlis misadgomi yovelTvis emTxveva erTmaneTs. xSirad ar emTxveva.

• misadgomi elementebi, SeZlebisdagvarad, unda gadanawildes, rom Tavidan iqnas acilebuli SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebis segregacia.

1524 mm

864 mm maqsimaluri 686 mm Tavisufisufali

•

•

• sasadilo farTobebi misadgomi unda iyos iatakis mTel farTobze, romelic gamoyofilia magidebisa da skamebisTvis, garda antresolis farTobebisa, romlebic moicavs saerTo farTobis 25%-ze naklebs da Tu orive farTobze erTnairi momsaxurebebi warmoebs.

• zemoT aRniSnuli gamonaklisis gamoyenebisas sifrTxilea saWiro, radgan termini `erTnairi momsaxurebebi~ SeiZleba orazrovnad iqnas interpretirebuli. gamonaklisis mizania, erTnairi garemo, momsaxureba da sakvebi xelmisawvdomi iyos yvelasTvis, miuxedavad SezRuduli SesaZleblobebisa. damproeqtebeli darwmunebuli unda iyos, rom aramxolod sivrcis fizikuri Tavisebureba, aramed dawesebulebis muSaoba ar gamoiwvevs SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebis segregacias. misadgomobis safuZveli aris moqalaqis ufleba, hqondes Tanabari misadgomi, gansakuTrebiT ADA-is mixedviT. • sadac magidebi da skamebi CaSenebulia, saerTo farTobis minimum 5%, magram araumcires erTi aseTi `sasadilo farTobi~ misadgomi unda iyos.

• Tu sasadiloSi mxolod daxlebia da daxlis simaRle aRemateba 864 mm-s, daxlis sigrZis 1524 mm monakveTi misadgomi unda iyos. aRsaniSnavia, rom es mxolod zRvruli informaciaa. magidebsa da skamebs Soris gasavlelebisTvis da daxlebTan Tavisufali manZilebis moTxovnebi Sesulia Sesabamis standartSi A117.1.

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sxva funqciebi da Senobebi ยง1109 gansazRvravs zRvrul debulebebs Senobis sxvadasxva nawilebisa da funqciebis misadgomobisTvis. es debulebebi exeba yvela farTobs, A da B sacxovrebeli erTeulebis gamoklebiT, romlebic unda Seesabamebodes A117.1-s. sadac SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis armqone adamianebisTvis damontaJebulia mowyobilobebi, maSin arsebiTad iseTive mowyobilobebi uzrunvelyofili unda iyos SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebisTvisac. aseve SesaZlebeli da dasaSvebia, rom yvela mowyobiloba gamoyenebadi iyos TiTqmis yvela potenciuri momxmarblisTvis, eqneba mas SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi Tu ara. es aris e.w. `universaluri daproeqtebis~ ZiriTadi principi. sadac bevri mowyobilobaa, aseTi mowyobilobebis saerTo raodenobis dasadgenad gamoiyeneba procentebi. magram TiTqmis yvela SemTxvevaSi, minimum erTi aseTi mowyobiloba unda iyos misadgomi. gansakuTrebuli sargeblobis mowyobilobebi, rogoricaa, abazanis an tualetis mowyobilobebi, an eqspres sakontrologasasvleli xazebi, Cveulebriv xazebTan erTad, maSin misadgomi mowyobilobebi unda damontaJdes yoveli gansxvavebuli funqciisTvis. am nawilis kriteriumebi, Cveulebriv, ar gansazRvravs, gansaxilveli mowyobiloba misadgomi unda iyos Tu ara, aramed mxolod imas, Tu romeli kriteriumi gamoiyeneba, roca kodis sxva nawilebi misadgomobas moiTxovs.

SenobebTan erTnairi misadgomi

200 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

sxva funqciebi da Senobebi tualetisa da saabazanos mowyobilobebi ยง1109.2 moiTxovs, rom tualetisa da saabazano oTaxebis yvela mowyobiloba misadgomi iyos. sadac arsebobs aramisadgomi iatakebi, romlebic sxva mxriv Seesabameba kods, mxolod erTi tualetisa da saabazanos mowyobilobebi ar unda mdebareobdes am doneze. mowyobilobis, elementis, makontroleblis an dispenseris minimum TiTo tipi yvela tualetis oTaxSi misadgomi unda iyos. mowyobilobebi ise unda iyos damontaJebuli, rom uzrunvelyofdes Tanabar misadgoms yvela funqciasTan.

tualetis oTaxebisa da saabazanoebis misadgomi mowyobilobebis mimarT gamonaklisebi metad konkretuli da minimaluria: 1. kerZo ofisebSi, romlebic ar aris gankuTvnili sazogadoebrivi sargeblobisaTvis da gankuTvnilia erTi mosargeblisTvis, tualetis mowyobilobebi ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, magram isini adaptirebadi unda iyos, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianma SeZlos maTi gamoyeneba. amdenad, iatakis sawyis gegmaSi sivrceSi mdebare mowyobilobebTan gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos misadgomi.

2. es debulebebi ar gamoiyeneba mowyobilobebTan, romlebic ar saWiroebs misadgomobas ยง1107-is mixedviT. es dakavSirebulia ยง1109.1-is gamonaklisTan, romelic damproeqtebels miuTiTebs, rom informacia A da B tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis Sesaxeb SeuZlia miiRos A117.1-Si. 3. sadac gvxvdeba bevri, erTi mosargeblisaTvis gankuTvnili tualetis mowyobilobebi, rac aRemateba milgayvanilobis moTxovnebs, maSin minimum 5%, magram araumcires 1 aseTi mowyobilobebis erTobliobidan, misadgomi unda iyos. es aris SemTxveva, roca mowyobilobebis TiToeul jgufTan uzrunvelyofili unda iyos erTnairi misadgomi.

4. sabavSvo mowyobilobebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba dRiuri zrunvis an pirvelad saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi, ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, Tu mowyobilobebis raodenoba aRemateba milgayvanilobis kodis moTxovnebiT gaTvaliswinebuls. amdenad, SeiZleba uzrunvelyofili iyos bavSvis zomaze damontaJebuli mowyobilobebi, romlebic ar akmayofilebs misadgomobisa da simaRlis moTxovnebs, magram isini ar unda Sediodes misadgomi mowyobilobebis aucilebel raodenobaSi.

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sxva funqciebi da Senobebi • orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnili mowyo-

orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnili tualetisa da saabazano oTaxebi

bilobebi unda akmayofilebdes A117.1is kriteriumebs sivrcis mowyobasTan dakavSirebiT. TiToeuli oTaxi unda Seicavdes unitazsa da xelsabans, Tumca, orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnil saabazanoSi, imave oTaxSi SeiZleba iyos Sxapi an abazana. Tu sxvadasxva sqesisTvis gankuTvnil saabazanoSi aris saketiani karadebi an msgavsi saTavso erTeulebi, maSin misadgomi saTavsoebi unda ganTavsdes orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnil saabazanoebSic. • orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnil tualetebSi unda iyos erTi unitazi, Tumca, erTi unitazisa da pisuaris Semcveli oTaxic orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnil tualetis oTaxad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

• A117.1-is debulebebis garda, unda Sesruldes moTxovnac, rom karTan moewyos 762 mm × 1219 mm Tavisufali sivrce, Tu kari oTaxSi/oTaxisken iReba.

§1109.2.1 moiTxovs orive sqesisaTvis gankuTvnili tualetebis misadgomobas TavSeyrisa da savaWro/komerciul gamoyenebebSi, roca dawesebulebaSi saWiroa sul eqvsi an meti unitazi. es aseve exeba yvela rekreaciul dawesebulebas, sadac sxvadasxva sqesisaTvis gankuTvnili mowyobilobebia damontaJebuli, miuxedavad unitazebis raodenobisa. es ar gamoiyeneba rekreaciuli dawesebulebis saabazanoebTan, sadac mxolod erTi abazanaa yovel sxvadasxva sqesisaTvis gankuTvnil saabazao oTaxSi. es orive sqesisaTvis gankuTvnili mowyobilobebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos mowyobilobebis saerTo raodenobaSi, rom dakmayofildes mowyobilobebis raodenobis moTxovnebi.

samzareuloebi §1109.4 moiTxovs, rom misadgom sivrceebSi an oTaxebSi mowyobili samzareuloebi, patara samzareuloebi da niJaris (mosaTavsebeli) karadebi misadgomi iyos, A117.1-is sivrcesTan dakavSirebuli kriteriumebis Sesabamisad.

406 - 457 mm

§1109.3 moiTxovs, rom niJarebis 5% misadgomi iyos, garda momsaxure niJarebisa.

1524 mm min.

Tavis. gabariti

niJarebi

• orive sqesisTvis gankuTvnili mowyo-

sasmeli wylis fantanebi 914 mm min.

Tavisufali gabariti 914 mm min.

Tavis.gabariti

§1109.5 moiTxovs, rom sasmeli wylis fantanebis 50% misadgomi iyos. aRsaniSnavia, rom am nawilSi mocemuli formulirebis mixedviT, es moTxovna aseve exeba iatakebs, romlebic sxva mxriv ar saWiroeben misadgomobas. aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom sasmeli wylis TiToeul fantans unda hqondes ori fantani, erTi dabal simaRleze specetliT mosargeble pirebisaTvis da meore fexze mdgomi pirebisaTvis.

bilobebi misadgom gzaze unda iyos. gonivrulia, isini erTi sqesisTvis gankuTvnili mowyobilobebis axlos mdebareobdes, maTgan araumetes erTi iatakiT zemoT an qvemoT, da hqondes araumetes 152 400 mm sigrZis misadgomi gza. praqtikulad, umetes SemTxvevebSi, yvela es mowyobiloba erTmaneTis mosazRvred unda ganTavsdes.

• karebebis Tavisufali sigane minimum 813 mm unda iyos.

• roca arsebobs unitaziani ganyofilebebi, minimum erTi unda iyos misadgomi.

• roca tualetis oTaxSi eqvsi an meti 1524 mm minimum

202 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

tualetis ganyofilebaa, minimum erTi ganyofileba ambulatoriulad misadgomi unda iyos, A117.1-is Sesabamisad, garda imisa, rom erTi ganyofileba specetlisTvis misadgomi unda iyos.

sxva funqciebi da Senobebi liftebi IBC-is ยง1109.6 moiTxovs, rom mgzavrebis liftebi misadgom gzebze Seesabamebodes A117.1-s.

1295 mm minimum

1730 mm minimum

baqniani liftebi ยง1109.7 krZalavs baqniani (specetlisTvis) liftebis gamoyenebas misdgomobisTvis axal SenobebSi, garkveuli specifikuri pirobebis gamoklebiT. realurad, baqniani liftebi xSirad ar aris kargad movlili da ar funqcionirebs. damproeqtebeli unda ecados, ar gamoiyenos isini specifikuri situaciebis garda an Zvel SenobebSi, sadac sxvagvari modificireba misadgomobis uzrunvelsayofad ganxorcielebadi araa.

saTavso sadac fiqsirebuli an CaSenebuli saTavsoebia, rogorebicaa: karadebi, saketiani karadebi da samedicino karadebi, ยง1109.8 moiTxovs, rom minimum TiTo tipis saTavso misadgomi iyos. roca iseTi nivTebi, rogorebicaa: qurTukis sakidebi da dasakeci Taroebi ganTavsebulia aramisadgom oTaxebSi, minimum erTi aseTi nivTi unda ganTavsdes misadgom oTaxSic.

915 mm minimum

dasaSvebi gamoyenebebi, romlebic SeiZleba Segvxvdes saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi aris Semdegi: 1. misadgomi gza scenebTan an sxva amaRlebul farTobebTan A jgufis gamoyenebebSi. is gamoiyeneba mxolos maSin, roca pandusebis an liftebis gamoyeneba SeuZlebelia.

2. TavSeyris farTobebze specetlis misadgomis uzrunvelyofa ยง1108.2.2is Sesabamisad. isic gamoiyeneba mxolos maSin, roca pandusebis an liftebis gamoyeneba SeuZlebelia.

3. misadgomi gzebis mowyoba sivrceebisken, romlebic ar aris misadgomi farTo sazogadoebisTvis da xuTze naklebi mosargeblisTvisaa gankuTvnili.

4. misadgomi gza sacxovrebeli erTeulis sazRvrebSi. 10. misadgomi eqsterieris gza, sa-dac teritoriis SezRudvebi SeuZlebels xdis pandusis an kibis gamoyenebas.

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sxva funqciebi da Senobebi advilad SesamCnevi gafrTxilebebi

rekreaciuli mowyobilobebi

§1109.9 moiTxovs, rom mgzavrebis gadasayvan umoajiro baqnebs hqondes advilad SesamCnevi gafrTxilebebi kidesTan, romelic gafrTxilebas aZlevs mxedvelobis SezRudvis mqone pirebs kididan gadavardnis safrTxis Sesaxeb.

R-2 da R-3 jgufis gamoyenebebSi, sadac mdebareobs rekreaciuli mowyobilobebi, romlebic emsaxureba misadgom sacxovrebel erTeulebs, §1109.14.1-is mixedviT, mowyobilobis TiToeuli tipis minimum 25%, magram araumcires 1, misadgomi unda iyos. amaSi Sedis iseTi sagnebi, rogoricaa: sacurao auzebi, spa da CogburTis kortebi. sxva gamoyenebebSi, sadac rekreaciuli mowyobilobebia ganTavsebuli, TiToeuli mowyobiloba unda iyos misadgomi, procentuli SezRudvis gareSe.

TavSeyris farTobis skamebi §1109.10 warmoadgens jvaredin gadamisamarTebas §1108.2-Tan, sadac mocemulia skamebTan da damxmare mosasmenebTan dakavSirebuli debulebebi.

• 42 mm centridan

magidebTan, daxlebTan da samuSao zedapirebTan mdgari skamebis Sesaxeb §1109.11 wakiTxuli unda iqnas §1108.2.8.1Tan erTad. zRvruli moTxovnebis mixedviT, fiqsirebul an CaSenebul magidebTan an samuSao zedapirebTan skamebis 5% misadgomi unda iyos, Tu isini misadgom gzaze mdebareobs. rogorc aseTi debulebebisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, es misadgomi mowyobilobebi unda gadanawildes SenobaSi an sivrceSi, sadac isinia ganTavsebuli.

momxmareblis momsaxurebis saSualebebi §1109.12 uzrunvelyofs momxmareblis momsaxurebis saSualebebs sazogadoebrivi sargeblobisaTvis misadgom gzebze. es saSualebebia: gasaxdelebi, saketiani karadebis Semcveli oTaxebi, sakontrolo gasavlelebi maRaziebSi, salaroebi, sakvebis dasawyobi zolebi da mosacdeli zolebi. isini unda gadanawildes da uzrunvelyos iseTive mravalferovani momsaxure saSualebebi, rogoric aramisadgom saSualebebSia. es moTxovnebi gamoiyeneba samedicino daniSnulebis farTobebTan, rogorebicaa: afTiaqebi, kvebis obieqtebis farTobebi an salaroebi, sadac xorcieldeba gadaxdebi.

sakontroleblebi, samarTavi meqanizmebi da mowyobiloba sadac sakontroleblebi, rogoricaa: sinaTlis CamrTvelebi, Termostatebi, fanjris mowyobiloba da qselis rozetebi (Stefselebi), romlebsac marTavs mosargeble, §1109.13-is moTxovniT, misadgomi unda iyos xeliT misawvdeni manZilis kriteriumebis Sesabamisad, romlebic mocemulia A117.1-Si. es moTxovnebi exeba misadgom sivrceebs da misadgomi gzebis gaswvriv mdebare sivrceebs. am moTxovnebis Tanaxmad, TiToeul sivrceSi misdgomi unda iyos mxolod erTi fanjara. aseve, misadgomi fanjrebi saWiro ar aris samzareuloebSi an saabazano oTaxebSi, radgan es oTaxebi patara zomisaa da arsebobs mowyobilobebisa da karadebis misadgomobasTan dakavSirebuli potenciuri SezRudvebi.

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• 60 mm centridan

• 23 mm ZirTan • 11 mm TavTan • 5 mm simaRlis • termini `SesamCnevi gafrTxileba~, Cveulebriv, niSnavs gansazRvruli zomisa da sivrcis struqturas amoSverili, TavwakveTili burTebiT.

• aRsaniSnavia, rom es debuleba ar exeba avtobusis gaCerebebs, radgan isini, Cveulebriv, esazRvreba bordiurs da ar aqvs erTgvari vardnili, rac gvxvdeba matareblis an metros baqanTan.

niSnebi §1110 moicavs moTxovnebs misadgomobis saerTaSoriso simboloebisaTvis, romlebic gamoiyeneba misadgomobis aucilebeli elementebis amosacnobad.

niSnebi §1110.1 moiTxovs, rom misadgomobis saerTaSoriso simbolo ganTavsdes misadgom avtosadgom sivrceebTan, §1106.1-is Sesabamisad, misadgom TavSesafris farTobze, §1007.6-is Sesabamisad, misadgom tualetTan, misadgom SesasvlelebTan, misadgom sakontrolo gasavlelebTan da misadgom gasaxdelebTan da saketiani karadebis Semcvel oTaxebTan. ADAAG moiTxovs, rom oTaxis mudmivi niSani ganTavsdes winaswar gansazRvrul adgilas. niSnebs unda hqondes taqtiluri (SegrZnebadi), amoSverili asoebi da brailis simboloebi. es moTxovnebi gamoiyeneba maSinac, roca ar aris aRniSnuli kodSi. es kargi magaliTia imisa, Tu ratom unda gadaxedon damproeqteblebma ADAis moTxovnebs kodis moTxovnebTan erTad. niSnebTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi ixileT E danarTis komentarSi 211-e gverdze.

mimarTulebis mimTiTebeli niSnebi sadac yvela elementi ar aris misadgomi, §1110.2-is mixedviT, unda iyos niSnebi, romlebic SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebs mianiSnebs uaxloesi misadgomi elementis mimarTulebas. es niSnebi unda iyos misadgomobis saerTaSoriso simboloebi. mimarTulebis mimTiTebeli niSnebi unda ganTavsdes Senobis aramisadgom SesasvlelebTan, aramisadgom tualetis mowyobilobebTan, aramisadgom saabazano mowyobilobebTan da liftebTan, romlebic ar emsaxureba misadgom gzebs. mimarTulebebi erTi sqesisTvis gankuTvnili uaxloesi misadgomi tualetisken miTiTebuli unda iyos, sadac mdebareobs §1109.2.1-is Sesabamisi erTi sqesisTvis gankuTvnili mowyobilobebi.

sxva niSnebi roca uzrunvelyofilia specialuri misadgomi, maSin §1110.3-is mixedviT, aucilebelia am misadgomebis aRmniSvneli niSnebis ganTavseba. kodSi aRniSnuli specifikuri moTxovnebia: 1. roca damxmare mosasmeni meqanizmebi damontaJebulia §1108.2.6-is mixedviT, am saSualebebis aRmniSvneli niSnebi unda ganTavsdes bileTis (SesaZen) salaroebTan an msgavs adgilebSi. 2. gasasvleli kibis TiToeul karze unda iyos §1011.3-is Sesabamisi niSani. es nawili moiTxovs gasasvlelis taqtiluri niSnis ganTavsebas, A117.1-is Sesabamisad.

3. TavSesafris farTobebze unda ganTavsdes samaSvelo daxmarebis aRmniSvneli niSani, §1007.6.3 - §1007.6.5-is Sesabamisad.

4. farTobebze samaSvelo daxmarebis aRmniSvneli niSani unda ganTavsdes §1007.8.3-is Sesabamisad.

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misadgomoba arsebuli SenobebisaTvis §3409.1 exeba arsebul SenobebSi misadgomobis uzrunvelyofas, roca warmoebs garkveuli qmedebebi, rogoricaa: SesakeTebeli samuSaoebi, rac mSeneblobis nebarTvas moiTxovs, sargeblobis an gamoyenebis Secvla, miSeneba an gadakeTeba, rac misadgomobis uzrunvelyofas moiTxovs, rogorc aRniSnulia am nawilSi. arsebul SenobebSi misadgomis uzrunvelyofa niSnavs drodadro Senobebis remodelirebas, sanam sabolood mTlianad misadgomi ar gaxdeba mTeli Senobis saboloo remodelirebis an miSenebebis saSualebiT. §3409.3 ganmartavs, rom rekonstruqcia ar moiTxovs iseT maRal standarts misadgomobisTvis, rogorsac axali mSenebloba. meores mxriv, arsebuli misadgomi ar unda Semcirdes an gauqmdes gadakeTebis samuSaoebis gamo.

mowyobilobebis SekeTeba §3409.2-is saTauri erTgvarad damabnevelia, radgan is moTxovs misadgomis SenarCunebas da ara imas, rom SekeTebis samuSaoebi Catardes misadgomobis moTxovnebis mixedviT. misadgomobis moTxovnebs unda akmayofilebdes SekeTebis mxolod is samuSaoebi, romlebic arsebiTad gadakeTebaa da saWiroebs nebarTvas, da ara §3409.6-is Sesabamisi samuSaoebi.

P

gamoyenebis Secvla roca arsebuli Senobis gamoyeneba icvleba, §3409.4 moiTxovs, rom Senobis is nawilebi, romelTa gadakeTebasac gamoyenebis Secvla iwvevs, §3409.6-is mixedviT, misadgomi unda iyos. amasTan, arsebobs misadgomobis moTxovnebi, romlebic warmoiSoba gamoyenebis Secvlisgan da romelTac SeiZleba moiTxovon iseTi samuSaos warmoeba, romelic sxva mxriv ar aris dakavSirebuli gamoyenebis SecvlasTan. misadgomobis amgvari elementebi mocemulia marjvniv.

misadgomi elementebi gamoyenebis Secvlis dros 1. minimum erTi Sesasvleli misadgomi unda iyos. es unda iyos mTavari Sesasvleli, magram SeiZleba iyos sxva, Tu mTavari Sesasvlelis misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa SeuZlebelia.

2. misadgom Sesasvlelsa da mTavari funqciis farTobebs Soris unda iyos misadgomi gza.

3. niSnebi unda ganTavsdes IBC-is §1110-is Sesabamisad. eseni iqneba umeteswilad IBC-is §1110.2-is Sesabamisi niSnebi, romlebic Senobis mosargebleebs miuTiTebs mimarTulebas misadgomi elementebisken.

4. sadac arsebobs avtosadgomi, unda moewyos misadgomi avtosadgomic. debulebis gadamisamarTeba moiTxovs, rom arsebuli avtosadgomi farTobebis gadakeTebisas uzrunvelyofili iyos misadgomi maSinac ki, roca avtosadgomze raime sxva samuSao ar warmoebs. es gamoiyeneba maSinac, roca gamoyenebis Secvla ar moiTxovs damatebiTi avtosadgomis uzrunvelyofas.

5. Tu uzrunvelyofilia mgzavrebisaTvis usafrTxoebis zonebi, axali an arsebuli, minimum erTi unda iyos misadgomi.

6. misadgom avtosadgomsa da mgzavrebisaTvis arsebul usafrTxoebis zonebs misadgom SesasvlelTan unda akavSirebdes misadgomi gza.

• sadac teqnikurad SeuZlebelia misadgomobis standartebis dacva axal mSeneblobaSi, maSin unda gamoviyenoT §3409-is sxva nawilebi. amaze detalurad visaubrebT cota qvemoT.

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misadgomoba arsebuli SenobebisaTvis gadakeTebebi

gadakeTebisas misadgomobis uzrunvelyofis moTxovnebisgan gamonaklisebia: 1. misadgomi saWiro ar aris, roca gadakeTebuli farTobi ar saWiroebs misadgom gzaze mdebareobas, Tu sxvagvarad ar aris moTxovnili §3409.7-Si, rac ganxilulia qvemoT. 2. mTavari gamonaklisia is, rom misadgomi gasasvleli saSualebebi saWiro ar aris arsebuli Senobebis gadakeTebebis dros.

3. roca xdeba individualur sakuTrebaSi arsebuli A tipis sacxovrebeli erTeulebis gadakeTeba R-2 gamoyenebebSi, isini unda akmayofilebdes A117.1-is moTxovnebs B tipisTvis da me-11 Tavis moTxovnebs. es SezRudvebis armqone pirebs saSualebas aZlevs, gadaakeTon misadgomi erTeulebi misadgomi elementebis demontaJis saSualebiT, magram moiTxovs, rom es erTeulebi adaptirebadi darCes, ise rom potenciurad misadgomi sacxovrebeli erTeulebis saerTo rezervi ar Semcirdes.

gadakeTeba, romelic azianebs mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobebs sadac gadakeTeba exeba mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnili farTobisken mimaval misadgom gzas, an gadakeTebis samuSao warmoebs mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobze, §3409.7 moiTxovs, rom gza misadgomi iyos. es gza aseve unda uzrunvelyofdes misadgoms tualetis mowyobilobebTan da sasmeli wylis fantanebTan, romlebic mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobs emsaxureba.

§3409.7-is mizania, gadakeTebebis dros maqsimalurad iqnas uzrunvelyofili misadgomoba. am moTxovnebis moculoba pirdapir kavSirSia maT siaxloveSi arsebul gadasakeTebel farTobTan. misadgomoba maqsimalurad unda iyos uzrunvelyofili mTel nagebobaSi. arsebobs Rirebulebis zeda zRvari 20%, romelic uwesdeba mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobisken misadgomi gzis mowyobis Rirebulebas. Rirebulebis zRvari SeiZleba gamoiTvalos orgvarad. pirveli, misadgomis Rirebuleba aris proeqtis saerTo Rirebulebis 20%, proeqtis 100% saerTo RirebulebiT. Tumca, Semdeg naTqvamia, rom misadgomi gzis xarji ar unda aRematebodes gadakeTebis Rirebulebis 20%-s. Tu gadakeTebebis Rirebulebaa X, maSin samuSaos mTliani biujeti iqneba X damatebuli X-is 20%, an samuSaos biujetis 120%. am nawilis interpretireba unda daadasturos adgilobrivma uflebamosilma organom biujetis Sedgenis dros. gamonaklisebi aseve moicavs mxolod iseTi komponentebis gadakeTebebs, rogorebicaa: eleqtro sistemebi, meqanikuri sistemebi, mowyobilobebi, muSaobis sakontroleblebi da cecxlisgan damcavi sistemebi.

proeqtis saerTo Rirebuleba

Senobis gadakeTebis dros, me-11 Tavisa da A117.1-is debulebebi exeba gadakeTebul farTobs, Tu es teqnikurad SeuZlebeli ar aris. roca §3409.6-Tan Sesabamisobis miRweva teqnikurad SeuZlebelia, unda vecadoT, maqsimalurad davicvaT Sesabamisoba, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia. rogorc misadgomobis sxva debulebebTan, teqnikurad SeuZleblobis da gamonaklisebis gamoyeneba didi sifrTxiliT unda moxdes da mxolod nebarTvis gamcemTan konsultaciebis Semdeg. `teqnikurad SeuZleblobis~ ganmarteba nebarTvis gamcemTan SeTanxmebis sagania. roca damproeqtebeli irCevs am ganmartebis gamoyenebas misadgomobis iseTi elementis gamotovebis gasamarTleblad, romelic saWiroa axal mSeneblobaSi, damproeqtebelma nebarTvis gamcemisgan unda miiRos Sesabamisi interpretireba gegmis gadaxedvis procesSi.

interptretacia A

interptretacia B (rekomendirebuli)

•

misadgomis Rirebuleba

•

gadakeTebis Rirebuleba

es gamonaklisebi mocemulia nawilSi, romelic exeba mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobebs. amdenad, gamonaklisebi ise unda ganimartos, rom roca mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobebze warmoebs mxolod meqanikuri samuSao, misadgomi gzis gaumjobeseba saWiro ar aris. meores mxriv, gonivruli axsna iqneboda, rom Rirebuleba meqanikuri samuSaosi, Tu gadakeTebis sxva samuSoebTan erTadaa warmoebuli mTavari funqciisTvis gankuTvnil farTobze da ar saWiroebs misadgoms, Sevides mSeneblobis saerTo RirebulebaSi, roca sidide ganisazRvreba, rogorc gadakeTebis Rirebulebis 20%, imis dasadgenad, ra dajdeba misadgomis gaumjobeseba. vinaidan mesakuTreTa umetesoba Tavidan ar iTvaliswinebs misadgomi elementebis uzrunvelyofis xarjebs biujetis Sedgenisas, umjobesia damproeqtebelma 120% gamoTvlis meTodi gamoiyenos mSeneblobis sawyisi biujetis dasadgenad.

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misadgomoba arsebuli SenobebisaTvis • Sesasvlelebi: misadgomi Sesasvle-

zRvrebi gadakeTebebisTvis §3409.8 exeba arsebul SenobebSi gadakeTebebis dros gamosayenebel zRvrebs. am moTxovnebSi aRiarebulia urTierTkavSiri Senobis struqturasa da iseT vertikalur elementebs Soris, rogorebicaa: liftebi, kibeebi, safexurebi saval gzebze da ufro mkveTr qanobiani pandusebi, vidre daSvebulia mimdinare kodis mixedviT. zRvrebTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi, pirvel rigSi, exeba gadakeTebul farTobebs da Semdeg gadakeTebuli farTobebisken mimaval misadgom gzebs, mxolod nawilobriv.

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•

•

•

1:8-dan 1:10-mde

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76 mm maqsimaluri amaRleba

1:10 dan 1:12-mde

•

152 mm maqsimaluri amaRleba

lebi unda moewyos §1105-is Sesabamisad, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca misadgomi Sesasvleli ukve arsebobs; am SemTxvevaSi, gadakeTebuli Sesasvleli ar saWiroebs misadgomobas, Tu amas ar moiTxovs §3409.7. girCevT, gadakeTebuli Sesasvlelebi, SeZlebisdagvarad, misadgomi iyos. liftebi: §3409.8.2 moiTxovs, rom liftebi, romlebic Senobis gadakeTebul nawilebs emsaxureba, gadakeTdes ise, rom Seesabamebodes A117.1-s da ASME A18.1-s. baqniani liftebi: §3409.3-is mixedviT, arsebul SenobebSi daSvebulia baqniani liftebi misadgom gzebze. es piroba gulisxmobs, rom liftebi xSirad amsubuqeben mdgomareobas, roca teqnikurad SeuZlebelia misadgomobis miRweva arsebul SenobebSi, sadac safexurebis an mkveTr qanobiani pandusebis gadakeTeba ver xerxdeba rTuli struqturis gamo. kibeebi da eskalatorebi arsebul SenobebSi: roca axali eskalatorebi an kibeebi montaJdeba arsebul SenobebSi, sadac isini adre ar iyo, §3809.8.4-is mixedviT, misadgomi gza unda moewyos §1104.4 da 1104.5-is moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, romlebic axal Senobebs exeba. pandusebi, §3409.8.5: roca arsebuli pandusebi ufro daxrilia, vidre misadgomi gzebisTvisaa daSvebuli, an maTi saWiroeba ganpirobebulia imiT, rom struqtura an sivrce akmayofilebdes teqnikurad ganuxorcielebadobis kriteriumebs, maSin isini SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos SezRudul SemTxvevebSi 3409.8.5 cxrilis Sesabamisad.

• pandusebs, romelTa qanobi 1:10-s da 1:8-s Sorisaa, SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos 76 mm-iT asamaRleblad.

• pandusebi, romelTa qanobi 1:10-s da 1:12-s Sorisaa, SeiZleba hqondes 152 mm simaRle.

• SezRudvebis mixedviT, mokle, mkveTr qanobiani pandusebi, Tumca miuRebeli an arasasurveli axal mSeneblobaSi, SeiZleba gamoiyenon specetliT mosargeble pirebma Zalian mokle manZilebze da simaRleebze. aseT SemTxvevebSi, ukeTes misadgomad, Tumca saSiSad, mkveTr qanobiani pandusi ufro iTvleba, vidre safexuri.

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misadgomoba arsebuli SenobebisTvis • sanaxaobis mosawyobi farTobebi: roca

•

•

•tualetis

an saabazanos arsebuli mowyobilobebi

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gasaxdelebi, gasasinji da saketiani karadebis Semcveli oTaxebi

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•

teqnikurad SeuZlebelia sanaxaobis mosawyobi farTobebis gadakeTeba ise, rom isini misadgom gzaze iyos, §3409.8.6 moiTxovs, rom sanaxaobis mosawyobi farTobebis minimum erTi tipi misadgomi iyos. aRsaSniSnavia, rom erT-erTi tipis niSnavs, rom misadgomi unda hqondes yovel gansxvavebuli tipis farTobs. sacxovrebeli an saZinebeli erTeulebi: §3409.8.7-is mixedviT, misadgomobis moTxovnebi exeba mxolod iseT sivrceebs, romlebic gadakeTebuli an damatebulia I-1, 2 an 3 jgufisa da R-1, 2 an 4 jgufis gamoyenebebSi. gadakeTebuli an mimatebuli farTobebis sazRvrebSi, misadgomi A tipis erTeulebis misadgomebis raodenobisadmi §1107-Si mocemuli moTxovnebi exeba mxolod gadakeTebul an mimatebul farTobebs. tualetis oTaxebi: sadac teqnikurad SeuZlebelia tualetebis an abazanis arsebul mowyobilobebTan misadgomis mowyoba, §3409.8.9-is mixedviT, misaRebia maT nacvlad erTi sqesisTvis gankuTvnili mowyobilobebis damontaJeba. aseTi mowyobilobebi unda mdebareobdes imave iatakze da imave farTobze, sadac arsebuli mowyobilobebia. gasaxdelebi, gasasinji da saketiani karadebis Semcveli oTaxebi: sadac teqnikurad SeuZlebelia arsebul gasaxdelebTan, gasasinj da saketiani karadebis Semcvel oTaxebTan misadgomis mowyoba, §3409.8.10is mixedviT, imave doneze unda moewyos erTi misadgomi oTaxi. Tu arsebuli oTaxebi erTi sqesisTvisaa gankuTvnili, misadgomiani oTaxebic erTi sqesisTvis unda iyos. roca arsebuli oTaxebi orive sqesisTvisaa gankuTvnili, misadgomi oTaxebic orive sqesisTvis unda iyos. sakontrolo gasavlelebi: roca xdeba sakontrolo gasavlelebis gadakeTeba iseT SenobebSi, sadac savaWro sivrce 465 m2 an metia, §3409.8.11 moiTxovs, rom TiToeuli funqciis momsaxure minimum erTi sakontrolo gasavleli misadgomi iyos. es nawili ise unda gavigoT, rom Tu garkveuli zomis SenobaSi sakontrolo gasavlelebis gadakeTeba xdeba, uzrunvelyofili unda iyos misadgomi sakontrolo gasavlel(eb)i.

• zRurblebi:

gadakeTebuli zRurbli

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12.7 mm

§3408.12-is mixedviT, arsebul SenobebSi SeiZleba iyos 19,1 mm simaRlis zRurblebi. aseT zRurblebs unda hqondes dadablebuli kideebi orive mxares, rom specetli advilad gadavides. dadablebis qanobi gansazRvruli ar aris, magram unda Seesabamebodes A117.1-Si axali zRurblebisTvis gansazRvrul gabaritebs. sadac SesaZlebelia, zRurblebi mTlianad unda akmayofilebdes axali mSeneblobis standartebs.

tipiuri zRurbli

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istoriuli Senobebi §3409.9-is debulebebi exeba Senobebs, romlebic Sesabamisi uflebamosili organos mier istoriuladaa miCneuli. dadgena imisa, risi gakeTebaa teqnikurad SeuZlebeli arsebul SenobebSi kidev ufro rTulia, Tu Senobas istoriuli nagebobis statusi aqvs miniWebuli. teqnikuri SeuZleblobis/ganuxorcielebadobis ganmartebis mixedviT struqturis gansazRvrasTan erTad, damproeqtebelma da nebarTvis gamcemma unda ganixilon, Tu rogor zemoqmedebas axdens misadgomi elementebi Senobis istoriul struqturaze/ wyobaze. mniSvnelovania vicodeT, rom Senobis istoriuli mniSvneloba ar amarTlebs misadgomobis arqonas. nebarTvis gamcemma unda Seamowmos nebismieri analizi, dakavSirebuli, mTliani Tu ara, nawilobrivi misadgomobis uzrunvelyofasTan, teqnikuri SeuZleblobis/ ganuxorcielebadobis an istoriuli zemoqmedebis doqtrinebis mixedviT. aseTi analizebi unda waredginos werilobiTi formiT da unda inaxebodes uflebamosili organos, damproeqteblis da Senobis mesakuTris arqivSi. Tu Senobas ganesazRvreba istoriuli nagebobis statusi, maSin SeiZleba gamoviyenoT misadgomobasTan dakavSirebuli Semdegi alternatiuli moTxovnebi.

• teritoriaze

Sesvlis wertilebi: rogorc sxva ganaxlebebisTvis, §3409.9.1 moiTxovs, rom teritoriaze Sesvlis wertilsa da misadgom Sesasvlels Soris arsebobdes minimum erTi misadgomi gza. es SeiZleba ar iyos mTavari Sesasvleli, Tu SesasvlelSi misadgomobis uzrunvelyofa teqnikurad an istoriulobidan gamomdinare SeuZlebelia.

• mravaldoniani Senobebi: §3409.9.2 moiTxovs, rom misadgomi Sesasvlelidan im doneze mdebare sazogadoebriv sivrceebTan arsebobdes misadgomi. naTqvami ar aris, magram igulisxmeba, rom misadgomi saWiroa misadgomi Sesasvlelis donis zemoT da qvemoT.

P

• Sesasvlelebi: §3409.9.3 moiTxovs, rom minimum erTi Sesasvleli iyos misadgomi. roca es SeuZlebelia teqnikuri an istoriulobasTan dakavSirebuli mizezebis gamo, unda gamoiyenebodes sxva Sesasvleli. Tu es gakeTebulia, SenobiT sargeblobis periodSi misadgomi Sesasvleli ar unda iketebodes da ganTavsebuli unda iyos niSani, romelic mosargebleebs misadgomi Sesasvlelis mimarTulebaze mianiSnebs. aseve misaRebia Caketili misadgomi Sesasvlelis arseboba, Tu damontaJebulia Setyobinebis an distanciuri monitoringis sistema.

• tualetisa da abazanis mowyobilobebi: sadac aris aseTi mowyobilobebi, §3409.9.4-is mixedviT, minimum erTi misadgomi tualetis oTaxi unda Seesabamebodes §1109.2.1-s.

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damatebiTi misadgomobis moTxovnebi danarTi E IBC-is danarTebSi mocemul debulebebs ar aqvs Zala da efeqti adgilobriv iurisdiqriebSi, Tu isini sagangebod ar iqneba miRebuli adgilobrivi uflebamosili organos mier. Cven am TavSi CavrTeT misadgomobis damatebiTi debulebebi, rogorc magaliTi imisa, Tu rogor muSaobs danarTebi. misadgomi monakveTi CarTulia imis gamo, rom danarTis debulebebi Zalian axlosaa ADA-Tan da misadgomobis reglanetebis adgilobriv modifikaciebTan. Cveni azriT, am moTxovnebis umetesoba unda efuZvenodes saR azrs an ADA-Tan Sesabamisobas, miuxedavad imisa, miRebulia Tu ara danarTi adgilobrivad. unda aRniSnos, rom danarTebSi miTiTebuli standartebi Seicavs ADA-s misadgomobis saxelmZRvanelo principebs/ direqtivebs (ADAAG) da sxvadasxva federalur gamocemebs, dakavSirebuls misadgomTan da misadgomis reglamentebTan, romlebic A117.1-is damatebaa. damproeqteblebi unda gaecnon am debulebebs, Tu mosalodnelia, rom mouwevT am an msgavsi moTxovnebis gaTvaliswineba daproeqtebis dros. danarTis moTxovnebi, Cveulebriv, is moTxovnebia, romlebic araa sayovelTaod miRebuli an romlebic jer isev SemuSavebis procesSia. danarTebSi es debulebebi mocemulia imisaTvis, rom adgilobriv uflebamosil organoebs SeeZloT airCion, miiRon Tu ar miiRon isini, ise rom ZiriTadi kodi riskis qveS ar dadges. danarTi E iyenebs gadamisamarTebis iseTive kriteriumebs, rogorsac ZiriTadi kodi, A117.1. danarTis debulebebi isea Seqmnili, rom ZiriTadi kodi koordinirebuli iyos damatebiT moTxovnebTan. miRebis SemTxvevaSi, nawilebis nomrebi Tavsdeba ZiriTad kodSi iseTi numeraciuli TanmimdevrobiT, rogorc mocemulia danarTSi. specifikuri gamoyenebebis an funqciebis damatebiTi moTxovnebis SemTxvevaSi, romlebic araa Sesuli ZiriTad kodSi, danarTis moTxovnebi gadafaravs ZiriTad kods.

misadgomi gzebi ยงE103 damatebulia moTxovnebi sabanketo farTobebze gamomsvlelisTvis amaRlebuli baqnebis an kaTedrebis misadgomisTvis. (aRsaniSnavia, rom es ADAAG -is moTxovnaa).

SemaRlebis xedi

gegmis xedi

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damatebiTi misadgomobis moTxovnebi sakomunikacio elementebi

sxva elementebi da mowyobilobebi

§E104.3 exeba misadgom sakomunikacio elementebs droebiTi sacxovreblebis saZinebel adgilebSi, E104.3.1 cxrilis Sesabamisad, gamomdinare oTaxebis raodenobidan. es elementebi gankuTvnilia smenis SezRudvis mqone adamianebisTvis da moicavs vizualur Setyobinebebs satelefono zarebze, karze kakunze an zaris darekvaze. es funqciebi damoukidebeli unda iyos vizualuri saavario gangaSis Setyobinebebisgan. telefonTan axlos unda iyos eleqtro Stefseli, rom SesaZlebeli iyos portabeluri teletaipebis SeerTeba telefonTan misadgomad. telefonebs aseve unda hqondes xmis sakontroleblebi.

§E105-Si aRniSnuli mowyobilobebi droebiTia an damatebulia Senobis dasrulebis Semdeg. rogorc aseTi, isini ver iqneba damproeqteblis kontrolis qveS, Tumca damproeqtebelma unda icodes es moTxovnebi imisaTvis, rom gegmaSi gaiTvaliswinos maTi gansaTavsebeli adgilebi.

aRniSnuli ar aris, unda iyos es oTaxebi sxva SezRuvebis mqone pirebisTvis gankuTvnil oTaxebTan kombinirebuli, Tu gancalkevebuli. savaraudod, mobiluri da smeniTi SezRudvebis mqone pirebisTvis damoukidebeli misadgomebi unda moewyos, da daematos oTaxebis raodenobasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi.

Tumca, aseve savaraudoa, rom gadanawilebuli da mravalferovani misadgomi sWirdeba specialur oTaxebs, rom orive tipis misadgomi uzrunvelyofili iyos erT oTaxSi. gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos sxvadasxva SezRudvebis mqone pirebi. aseve, oTaxebi, romlebic misadgomia mobiluri SezRudvebis mqone adamianebisTvis, gamoyenebadi unda iyos sxva SezRudvebis mqoneTaTvisac. Tu miRebulia iurisdiqciaSi, sadac unda ganxorcieldes proeqti, es moTxovnebi ganxiluli unda iqnas nebarTvis gamcemTan erTad.

• samrecxao mowyobilobebi: roca samrecxao mowyobiloba montaJdeba sivrceebSi, romlebic misadgomi unda iyos, §E105.2 moiTxovs, rom minimum TiTo tipis mowyobilobis misadgomoba Seesabamebodes A117.1-s.

• sawyobebi, savaWro avtomatebi da sxva mowyobilobebi: §E105.3 moiTxovs, rom sivrceebSi ganTavsebuli savaWro avtomatebi misadgomi iyos A117.1-is Sesabamisad.

• safosto yuTebi: §E105.4 moiTxovs, rom roca safosto yuTebi ganTavsebulia interierSi, maTi minimum 5% misadgomi iyos A117.1-is Sesabamisad. roca safosto yuTebiganTavsebuliaTiToeulerTeulTan, maSin misadgomi safosto yuTebi unda ganTavsdes misadgom erTeulebTanac.

• ormxrivi sakomunikacio sistemebi: sadac ganTavsebulia iseTi sakomunikacio sistemebi, rogoricaa: mravalbiniani saxlis SesasvlelSi damontaJebuli SenobaSi SemSvebi, sistema unda Seesabamebodes A117.1-s.

212 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

damatebiTi misadgomobis moTxovnebi telefonebi §E106-Si Sesuli moTxovnebi telefonTan misadgomTan dakavSirebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom danarTSia Setanili, TiTqmis yvela SemTxvevaSi unda iqnas gamoyenebuli. amasTan, misadgomobis es detaluri moTxovnebi unda gadamowmdes ADAAG-is da adgilobrivi kodis mixdeviT.

• misadgomobis moTxovnebi A117.1is ilustrirebaa. aRsaniSnavia, rom marTalia telefonebi SeiZleba misadgomi iyos wina an gverdiTi mxridan, rogorc naCvenebia ilustraciaze, TiTo sarTulze minimum erTi telefoni pirdapir misadgomi unda iyos, garda eqsterieris telefonebisa, romelTac aqvs diskoiani asakrefi. zogadad, fasiani telefonebi misadgomi unda iyos E106.2 cxrilis Sesabamisad.

• sazogadoebrivi moxmarebis yvela telefons unda hqondes xmis sakontrolebeli, A117.1-is Sesabamisad.

telefonebi TiTo sarTulze specetlisaTvis misadgomi an doneze telefonebi 1

1 TiTo sarT. an doneze

telefonebis 1 rigi*

1 TiTo sarT. an doneze

telefonebis 2 an meti rigi

1 telefonebis TiTo rigze

*telefonebis rigi moicavs rigs ori an meti telefoniT • teletaipebi: §E106.4 moiTxovs, rom teletaipebi, satelefono meqanizmebi smenis SezRudvis mqone pirebisTvis, romlebic iyenebs teqsts an sxva araverbalur komunikacias, unda ganTavsdes im adgilebSi, sadac telefonebis rigSi oTxze meti sazogadoebrivi moxmarebis telefonia. erTaderTi gamonaklisia, roca telefonebis ramdenime rigi erT sarTulze erTmaneTisgan daSorebulia 60 960 mm-ze naklebi manZiliT; maSin teletaipi unda ganTavsdes mxolod erT aseT rigSi. teletaipis ganTavsebis adgilebi miniSnebuli unda iyos teletaipis saerTaSoriso simboloTi. aseve, unda ganTavsdes teletaipis adgilmdebareobisken mimTiTebeli niSnebi. teletaipTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebTan erTad, eleqtro rozetTan/StefselTan unda mdebareobdes Taro portabeluri teletaipisTvis interieris sami an meti telefonis Semcvel rigTan.

ACCESSIBILITY / 213

damatebiTi misadgomobis moTxovnebi niSnebi sadac oTaxebis an sivrceebisTvis gankuTvnili mudmivi niSnebi ganTavsebulia karebebTan, §E107 moiTxovs, rom es niSnebi taqtiluri iyos. sadac interieris permanentuli oTaxebis permanentuli daniSnulebebis aRmniSvnelebad gamoyenebulia piqtogramebi, maTze mocemuli teqstebi unda iyos taqtiluri A117.1-is Sesabamisad. mimarTulebis aRmniSvneli niSnebi interieris permanentuli mdebareobebisTvis, Senobis mimarTulebebisa da TanamSromlebis saxelebisa da droebiTi niSnebis gamoklebiT, unda iyos misadgomi A117.1-is Sesabamisad. es meore SemTxvevaa, roca am moTxovnebis gamoyeneba aucilebelia, miuxedavad imisa, miRebulia Tu ara adgilobrivad. niSnebis moTxovnebTan dakavSirebiT, A117.1-Tan erTad unda gadamowmdes ADAAG.

•

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTaTvis gankuTvnili telefonebis saerTaSoriso simbolo

qalebi

• sans-serifis mTavruli asoebi minimum 15,9 mm simaRlis; maqsimum 51 mm simaRlis, amoburculi 0,8 mm-ze taqtiluri SegrZnebisaTvis

• II zomis brailis Srifti • 1524 mm niSnis Suaxazamde im mxares, saidanac kari iReba

214 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

12

interieris garemo struqturuli usafrTxoebis, cecxlgamZleobisa da gasasvlelebis Semdeg, interieris garemos xarisxi kodis ganviTarebis erT-erTi umTavresi faqtoria. garemosTan dakavSirebuli bevri sakiTxi samodelo kodebSi Sevida me-20 saukunis damdegisaTvis SenobebSi arsebuli savalalo sacxovrebeli pirobebis pasuxad. gasaqiravebeli mravalbiniani saxlebi da sawarmoo pirobebi xSirad mosargebleebs janmrTelobis seriozul problemebs uqmnida. xSirad mosargebleebi Tavmoyrilni iyvnen patara oTaxebSi, sadac ar iyo sakmarisi sinaTle da ventilacia. ar iyo daculi sanitaruli pirobebi an ar xdeboda Senobebis saTanadod movla-SekeTeba. aseve, ukontrolo samSeneblo masalebis, gansakuTrebiT, dekoratiuli masalebis gamoyenebam gamoiwvia Zlier aalebadi masalebis damontaJeba gasasvlel gzebze, ris gamoc xSirad sagangebo situaciebis dros gasasvleli gzebi ufro saSiSi xdeboda, vidre is sivrceebi, sadac mosargebleebi cxovrobdnen. kodis debulebebi iwereboda mosargebleTa sacxovrebeli pirobebis xarisxTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis mosagvareblad. bolo dros, SenobaSi haeris xarisxi met da met mniSvnelobas iZens, radgan Senobebi ufro da ufro energo efeqtiani da hermetuli xdeba. bolo wlebSi, kodis ganviTarebaSi rTul amocanas warmoadgens obis an momwamvleli/toqsiuri gazebis dagrovebis Tavidan acileba da, imavdroulad, energo efeqtianobis miRweva. interieris garemos SefasebaSi gamoiyofa ramdenime umTavresi faqtori. me-8 TavSi ganxilulia interieris sivrceebSi gamoyenebuli sxvadasxva samSeneblo masalebis cecxlgamZleoba da kvamlis warmoqmnis unari; me-12 Tavi garemo pirobebTan dakavSirebul sxva sakiTxebs exeba. es moicavs haeris xarisxs, rogorc adamianis janmrTelobis, ise Senobis gamZleobisaTvis, rasac aregulirebs Senobisa da gamoyenebuli sivrceebis ventilaciasTan dakavSirebuli regulaciebi. meore sakiTxia mosargebleTa saqmianobis xarisxi sivrceSi, rasac aregulirebs temperaturis sakontroleblebTan, bunebrivi an xelovnuri ganaTebis doneebTan da sivrceebs Soris ganTavsebul haerisa da bgeris saizolacio masalebTan dakavSirebuli regulaciebi. aseve, exeba gamosayenebeli sivrceebis zomebs, gamouyenebel sivrceebTan misadgomsa da Senobis interieris sanitarul da movla-SekeTebis sakiTxebs, maT Soris, advilad SesakeTebel masalebs tualetebsa da saabazanoebSi. amdenad, me-12 TavSi warmodgenilia sxvadasxva sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli mravali debuleba, romelTac mcire kavSiri aqvs Tavis dasaxelebasTan.

interieris garemo am TavSi bevri gansxvavebuli nawilia. erTi nawili aregulirebs sasicocxlo pirobebis xarisxTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs interierebisTvis da aseve Seicavs zomebs Senobebze klimaturi pirobebis zemoqmedebis Sesasusteblad. am TavSi mocemuli standartebi aseve exeba imas, Tu sivrceebi rogor gamoiyeneba da SeigrZneba mosargebleTa mier, da rogor unda movuaroT Senobebs. is gansxvavdeba me-8 Tavisgan, romelSic umTavresad ganxilulia interieris sivrceebis mosargebleTa saxanZro usafrTxoeba. Tavis dasaxeleba garkveulwilad damabnevelia im gagebiT, rom masSi gansazRvruli moTxovnebi aseve exeba sivrceebs, romlebic, Cveulebriv, gamouyenebelia, Tumca Senobis konvertis SigniT mdebareobs.

•

eqsterieris sivrceebisagan gansxvavebiT, interieris sivrceebSi xdeba gansxvavebul temperaturis SenarCuneba.

•

gamoyenebul sivrceebSi ufro maRali tenianobaa, vidre eqsterierSi, adamianebis iseTi aqtivobebidan gamomdinare, rogorebicaa: sunTqva, saWmlis momzadeba da dabana. ramdenadac teni trialebs SenobaSi, is SeiZleba moemwyvdes damalul sivrceebSi. temperaturuli gansxvavebebis dros da namis wertilis (kondensaciis) temperaturaze wylis orTqli SeiZleba kondensirdes wylad Senobis SigniT arsebul RrmulebSi. aman SeiZleba gamoiwvios lpoba, obi an Seqmnas dazianebis gamomwvevi sxva pirobebi, ris Sedegadac dairRveva Senobis struqtura da SeiZleba dagrovdes momwamvleli nivTierebebi.

• •

ventilacia $1203 exeba damaluli sxvenebisa da fermis sivrceebis, aseve, gamoyenebuli sivrceebis ventilacias. amdenad, am nawilSi calkea mocemuli moTxovnebi samSeneblo masalebis farTobebis ventilaciisaTvis da calke Senobis mosargebleTa mier gamoyenebuli sivrceebis ventilaciisaTvis. sadac samSeneblo masalebi SemozRudulia sivrceebiT rogorc eqsterieris, ise interieris mxridan, damaluli sivrceebi, iqneba es sxvenebis Tu fermebis sivrceebi, midrekilia danestianebisken.

216 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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damaluli sivrceebidan teniani haeris gasawovad erT-erTi qmediTi zomaa saventilacio bilikebis Seqmna. ganiavebisadmi moTxovnebi isea SemuSavebuli, rom Sesustdes damaluli sivrceebisken haeris gadaadgileba. es zomebi iTvaliswinebs bunebriv konveqciasa da wylis orTqlis kondensirebis Taviseburebebs. konveqciis gamoyeneba iZleva pasiuri ganiavebis saSualebas, meqanikuri daxmarebis gareSe.

•

meore zomaa orTqlis Semakaveblebis gamoyeneba imisaTvis, rom teni ver gadaadgildes Senobis teniani nawilebidan mSralisken.

ventilacia sxvenis sivrceebi §1203.2 iTxovs, rom saventilacio Riobebi ganTavsdes qanobiani saxuravebis ZirSi da TavSi, rom SesaZlebeli iyos konveqcia sxvenebsa da maRal WerebSi.

saventilacio Riobisadmi moTxovnebi gansazRvrulia gasaniavebeli farTobis nawilebis/fraqciebis mixedviT. sayuradReboa, rom gasaniavebeli farTobisadmi moTxovnebi exeba Tavisufal farTobebs.

Tavisufali farTobi aris sivrce, sadac xdeba realuri haerdena. Jaluzebiani sahaeroebi da safariani Riobebi ar qmnis 100%-ian Tavisufal farTobs. praqtikulad, Jaluzebiani sahaero Riobebis Tavisufal farTobad iTvleba 50%. nebismieri sahaeros safarebisaTvis realuri Tavisufali farTobebi moZebneT mwarmoeblis monacemebSi.

•

am debulebiT kodi varaudobs, rom izolaciis ventilacia izolaciis zemoT unda iyos. proeqtebSi es gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos. sahaeroebi ise unda ganawildes, rom xeli Seuwyos konveqcias, anu daqanebul pirobebSi naxevari unda iyos zemoT, naxevari qvemoT.

•

izolaciasa da saxuravis ficarfenils Soris unda darCes minimum 25,4 mm sivrce.

•

blokireba da xiduri SeerTeba ise unda moewyos, rom xeli ar SeuSalos ganiavebas.

•

sahaero xvrelis Tavisufali farTobi ar unda iyos gasaniavebeli sivrcis farTobis 1/150-ze naklebi da ganiavebis Seasqmnelad am farTobis 50% ganTvsebuli unda iyos gasaniavebeli sivrcis zeda nawilSi, naSveris an karnizis sahaero xvrelebidan 914 mm-iT maRla. saventilaciofarTobiSeiZlebaSemcirdes naxevramde, 1/300-mde, roca orTqlis barieri damontaJebulia damaluli sivrcis Tbil mxares da vertikaluri daSoreba SenarCunebulia sahaero arxebis Semomtan da gamwov nawilebs Soris.

•

•

sahaeroebi dafaruli unda iyos safarebiT, mwerebisa da Citebisagan dasacavad, aseve, wvimis wylisa da Tovlis moxvedris Tavidan asacileblad.

INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT / 217

ventilacia iatakqveSa ventilacia §1203.3 iTxovs, rom Senobebs, romlebTac ar aqvT gruntze ganTavsebuli filis struqturebi, sivrce iatakis qveS mdebare koWebsa da grunts Soris niavdebodes.

•

•

gamonaklisebis daSvebiT, iatakqveSa ventilacia SeiZleba Semcirdes an Caenacvlos meqanikuri ventilacia, roca orTqlis Semakavebeli ganTavsebulia gruntis zedapirze gamouyenebel fuZis sarTulSi. ventilacia saWiro ar aris, roca sivrces gaaCnia izolacia, adaptirebulia klimatur pirobebTan da uzrunvelyofilia orTqlis SemakavebliT. nebismieri es zoma iTvleba orTqlis SemoWrisgan an dagrovebisagan eqvivalentur dacvad, roca gamoyenebulia garkveuli raodenobis pasiur an meqanikur ventilaciasTan erTad.

temperaturis kontroli

20˚C

914

§1204-is mixedviT, yvela sacxovrebeli sivrce uzrunvelyofili unda iyos sivrcis gamaTbobliT. gaTbobis sistemam unda uzrunvelyos 20ºC temperatura sivrcis iatakis zemoT 914 mm-ze. aseTi temperatura uzrunvelyofili unda iyos wlis yvelaze civ dReebSi.

218 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saheroebis Tavisufali farTobi unda iyos gamouyenebeli fuZis sarTulis yoveli 10 m2-sTvis 0,67 m2. sahaerobi daculi unda iyos, rom mwerebi da cxovelebi ver moxvdnen gamouyenebel fuZis sarTulSi. sahaeros Riobebi unda ganTavsdes imgvarad, rom uzrunvelyos iatakqveSa farTobis jvaredini ventilacia. amdenad, Riobebi unda ganawildes Senobis perimetris garSemo, SeZlebisdagvarad, maqsimalurad didi raodenobiT.

ventilacia bunebrivi ganiaveba §1203.1 iTxovs bunebrivi ganiavebis uzrunvelyofas meqanikuri ventilaciis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi. meqanikuri ventilacia unda Seesabamebodes saerTaSoriso meqanikur kods. am moTxovnebis mizania sacxovrebeli sivrceebis uzrunvelyofa sinaTliTa da haeriT, maSinac ki, roca interieris sivrceebi ufanjroa da emijneba sxva oTaxs.

2

•oTaxi 2-is iatakis farTobis 8%

•

•

§1203.4.1-is mixedviT, oTaxebs unda hqondes gareT gamavali, gaRebadi farTobebi, romlebic sivrcis iatakis farTobis minimum 4% unda iyos. am ilustraciaSi es iqneba orive naCvenebi sivrcis saerTo farTobis 4%.

•

§1203.4.1.1 -is mixedviT, ufanjro momijnave oTaxebs unda hqondes Sida oTaxis iatakis farTobis minimum 8%, an 2,3 m2 (romelic meti gamova) Riobi fanjriani momijnave oTaxisken. gaRebadi farTobi oTaxSi, romelic gareT gadis, unda gamoiTvalos yvela oTaxis saerTo farTobidan, gasaniavebeli fajnris safuZvelze. amdenad, am magaliTSi, farTobi nomeri 2 miCneulia nomer 1 oTaxis nawilad.

oTaxi 1-is da oTaxi 2-is iatakis farTobis jamis 4%

1

•

roca haerSi arsebobs damatebiTi damabinZureblebi bunebrivad ganiavebul sivrceebSi, kodis Tanaxmad, SesaZloa saWiro gaxdes damatebiTi meqanikuri ventilaciis damontaJeba. yvela SemTxvevaSi, kodi moiTxovs meqanikur ventilacias oTaxebSi, romlebic Seicavs saabazanoebs, saSxapeebs, spas da msgavs saabazano mowyobilobebs. sayuradReboa, rom bunebrivi ganiaveba ar iTvleba meqanikuri ganiavebis alternativad saabazano oTaxebSi. amdenad, arsebobs pozitiuri ventilaciis saWiroeba, rom interierSi arsebuli teni mTel struqturaSi ar gavrceldes. xSirad, gansakuTrebiT, civ klimatur pirobebSi, bunebrivi ganiaveba ar gamoiyeneba da teni grovdeba SenobebSi, roca meqanikuri ventilacia uzrunvelyofili ar aris.

INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT / 219

ganaTeba §1205 iTxovs, yvela sacxovrebel sivrces hqondes bunebrivi an xelovnuri ganaTeba. sayuradReboa, rom xelovnuri ganaTeba unda uzrunvelyofdes 107 luqss oTaxis iatakidan 762 mm simaRleze, bunebrivi ganaTebisaTvis ar aris dawesebuli ganaTebis sididis specifikuri kriteriumebi. marTalia, Znelad warmosadgenia, magram kodis sityvasityviT gagebis SemTxvevaSi, gamodis, rom SesaZlebelia iseTi Senobis arseboba, romlis gamoyeneba xdeba mxolod dRis ganaTebis dros da masSi ar aris Sida oTaxebi, sadac bunebrivi ganaTeba SezRudulia.

•

am oTaxis iatakis farTobis 10%

•

Riobis gamWvirvale masaliT dafaruli minimaluri sufTa farTobi ar unda iyos oTaxis, an oTaxebis, iatakis farTobis 8%-ze naklebi. amdenad, es orjer metia, vidre moTxovniT gansazRvruli saventilacio farTobi.

762 mm

•

sacxovrebel erTeulebSi kibeebs unda hqondes specifikuri ganaTebis doneebi, romlebic izomeba yoveli kibis safexuris cxviridan. ZiriTadi ganaTebis done kibis savali zedapirebis doneze unda iyos minimum 11 luqsi. sxva gamoyenebebSi kibeebi unda naTdebodes me-10 Tavis Sesabamisad. gasasvleli saSualebebis saavario ganaTebisadmi moTxovnebi warmodgenilia $1006-Si. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, me-10 TavSi gansazRvruli moTxovnebi da sacxovreblis kibeebisadmi moTxovnebi, arsebiTad, erTi da igivea.

220 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

•

orive oTaxis iatakis farTobis 8%

kodi uSvebs interieris oTaxebSi sinaTlis Semotanas momijnave oTaxebidan. meore oTaxis momsaxure momijnave oTaxis ziari kedlis minimum naxevari Ria unda iyos.

Riobi unda iyos Sida oTaxis iatakis farTobis minimum 10%, an 2,3 m2 (romelic meti gamova).

•

107 luqsis saSualo ganaTeba xelovnuri ganaTebisaTvis

•

ganaTebis done, gazomili iatakidan 762 mm-iT maRla.

ezoebi an Sida ezoebi ezoebi an Sida ezoebi eqsterieris Riobebi unda gadiodes imave sakuTrebis ezoebSi an Sida ezoebSi, romelTa zoma gansazRvrulia $1206-Si. ezosa da Sida ezos zomebi dawesebulia sinaTlis Saxtisa da mravalsarTuliani Senobebis ukana ezoebis minimaluri gabaritebis dasadgenad imisaTvis, rom es farTobebi uzrunvelyofdes realur ganaTebas da haers sivrceebSi, romelTac isini emsaxurebian.

6

5

4

3

2

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ezoebis sigane pirveli ori sarTulisaTvis minimum 914 mm unda iyos.

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ezoebis sigane unda gaizardos minimum 305 mm-iT meore iatakis Semdeg TiToeuli iatakisaTvis. amgvari zrda xdeba 14 sarTulamde. 14 sarTulze maRal Senobebs ar sWirdeba 4572 mm-ze ganieri ezoebi.

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roca fanjrebi erTmaneTs uyurebs, Sida ezos sigane unda iyos minimum 1829 mm.

•

orsarTulianze maRali Senobis Sida ezoebis minimaluri sigrZe unda iyos 3048 mm, Tu erTi mxridan ar esazRvreba sazogadoebrivi gza an ezo da minimaluri sigane unda iyos 914 mm.

Sida ezoebis sigane unda gaizardos 305 mm-iT da sigrZe 610 mm-iT TiToeuli iatakisaTvis meore iatakis zeviT 14 sarTulamde, romlis Semdegac zrda saWiro ar aris. amdenad, iseTi 14 saTuliani Senobis Sida ezo, romlis fanjrebi erTmaneTs uyurebs, unda iyos minimum 4572 ×10.363 zomis.

1

3048 mm

914 mm

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INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT / 221

bgeris gavrceleba bgeris gavrceleba bgeris gavrcelebam SesaZloa seriozuli gavlena iqonios cxovrebis pirobebis xarisxze mravalmosargeblian SenobebSi, gansakuTrebiT, sacxovrebel gamoyenebebSi. $1207 awesebs standartebs momijnave `sacxovrebel erTeulebs~ Soris arsebul kedlebTan da asawyob iatakTan/WerTan bgeris gavrcelebis Sesamcireblad. es kriteriumebi aseve gamoiyeneba sacxovrebeli erTeulebis perimetrebTan, sadac isini esazRvreba sxva erTeulebs, sazogadoebriv farTobebs an momsaxurebis farTobebs. R gamoyenebis bevri tipi, romelic dakavSirebulia saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis saerTo saZinebel oTaxebTan, SeiZleba miviCnioT me-2 TavSi gansazRvruli `saZinebeli erTeulebis~ Semcvelad. ganmarteba efuZvneba debulebas erTi an meti piris damoukidebeli sacxovrebeli dawesebulebebis Sesaxeb, sadac arsebobs mudmivi `sacxovrebeli, saZinebeli, saWmlis mosamzadebeli da sanitaruli~ pirobebi. SeiZleba mogveCvenos, rom ganmartebaSi sityva `da~ gulisxmobs yvela CamoTvlili elementis aucilebel arsebobas sivrceSi, romelic `sacxovrebel erTeuladaa~ miCneuli.

kriteriumebi dawesebulia ASTM – is testis kriteriumebis gamoyenebiT. testis monacemebis (da ara adgilze Semowmebis) safuZvelze, kodi awesebs ufro maRal standarts daproeqtebis kriteriumebisaTvis. am kriteriumebis Tanaxmad, testis pirobebis Seqmna adgilze rTulia da, amdenad, minimaluri kriteriumebi ganisazRvreba imgvarad, rom adgilze arsebulma pirobebma daakmayofilos aucilebeli minimaluri kriteriumebi. kriteriumebi dawesebulia rogorc haerSi gavrcelebuli bgeris (ASTM E 90), ise nagebobaSi gavrcelebuli (ASTM E 492) bgerisaTvis.

222 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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haerSi gavrcelebuli bgerebia: musika, metyveleba an mowyobilobis mier gamocemuli bgerebi.

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nagebobaSi gavrcelebuli bgerebia: nabijebis xma, davardnili sagnebis xma an mowyobilobebis vibraciis xma, romelsac nageboba gaatarebs da rezonansi gadaecema sxva sivrceebs (da ara imdenad im sivrces, sadac warmoiSva).

interieris sivrcis gabaritebi daedo ra safuZvlad samrewvelo revoluciis dasawyisSi gasaqiravebeli mravalbiniani saxlebis arasworad gamoyenebis faqtebi, samodelo kodebSi, aseve, am kodis $1208-Si dawesda oTaxis minimaluri gabaritebi Senobis TiToeuli ganzraxuli sargeblobisaTvis.

oTaxis sigane

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samzareulos garda, arcerTi oTaxis arcerTi gabariti ar unda iyos 2134 mm-ze naklebi.

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samzareuloebSi unda iyos minimum 914 mm Tavisufali gasavleli farTobi.

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amdenad, tipiuri garnituris mqone calmxrivi samzareulo unda iyos minimum 1524 mm siganis da ufro ganieric, Tu macivari standartuli siRrmisaa da daSorebebi unda iyos SenarCunebuli. sayuradReboa, rom minimaluri moTxovnebi ar iTvaliswinebs daSorebebs, romlebic Sezruduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebs sWirdebaT misadgomobisaTvis. SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTaTvis misadgomobis kriteriumebi yovelTvis aRemateba am minimumebs.

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INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT / 223

interieris sivrcis gabaritebi

Weris simaRle

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sacxovrebeli oTaxebis simaRle unda iyos minimum 2286 mm.

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erTi an ori ojaxis sacxovreblebis sacxovrebel oTaxebSi mdebare iseTma dekoratiulma sagnebma, rogoricaa, koWebi, Weris simaRle SeiZleba Seamciros 2134 mm-mde.

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saabazano oTaxebis, tualetis oTaxebis, saTavso oTaxebis an samrecxao oTaxebis simaRle SeiZleba iyos 2134 mm.

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fuZis sarTulebis Weris simaRle da daSvebebi iseTive unda iyos, rogoric sxva sacxovrebeli sivrceebisa.

daxrili da daTbunebuli Werebi

224 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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daxril Weriani oTaxebis farTobis naxevarze Weri unda iyos minimum 2286 mm an meti.

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aseTi qanobiani sivrceebis farTobze, gamosaTvleli farTobis garSemo, igulisxmeba 1524 mm simaRlis warmosaxviTi kedeli, rom ganisazRvros Weris minimaluri simaRle kodTan Sesabamisobis misaRwevad.

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Sekidul Weramde simaRle ar unda iyos 2134 mm-ze naklebi da unda ikavebdes oTaxis farTobis araumetes erTmesameds.

interieris sivrcis gabaritebi da midgoma

oTaxis farTobi

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sayuradReboa, rom sacxovrebeli sivrceebis gamartebaSi ar igulisxmeba saabazano da tualetis oTaxebi, magram Sedis saWmlis mosamzadebeli, sacxovrebeli, saZinebeli an sasadilo daniSnulebiT gamoyenebuli sivrceebi. amdenad, saZineblebi unda iyos minimum 3048 ×2134 mm, rom daakmayofilos am nawilis sivrcesTan dakavSirebuli kriteriumebi. visac rogor surs, ise SeuZlia gaigos, ramdenad gamoyenebadia es moTxovna iseT SenobebSi, sadac ar aris sacxovrebeli erTeulebi.

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762 mm-ze meti Tavisufali simaRlis mqone sxvenis sivrceebs unda hqondes minimum 559 ×762 mm misadgomi Riobi.

Riobi unda mdebareobdes ise, rom Riobis Tavze darCes 762 mm.

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Senobis qveS mdebare gamouyenebel fuZis sarTulebs unda hqondes 457 × 610 misadgomi Riobi. es sakmarisi zomaa imisaTvis, rom adamianma SeaRwios gamouyenebeli fuZis sarTulis sivrceSi.

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misadgomi Riobi unda mdebareobdes Senobis SigniT an gareT.

gamouyenebel sivrceebTan misadgomi §1209-is mixedviT, aucilebelia misadgomebis mowyoba morCenil sivrceebSi, sxvenebSi an saxuravebze damontaJebul meqanikur danadgarebTan. saproeqto gamocdilebidan gamomdinare mowyobilobasTan saerTaSoriso meqanikur kodis Sesabamisad unda iyos misadgomi sivrce, rom SesaZlebeli iyos misi movla/SekeTeba.

TiToeul sacxovrebel erTeuls unda hqondes minimum 13,9 m2 sufTa farTobis mqone erTi oTaxi. samzareulos garda, sxva oTaxebis minimaluri farTobi unda iyos 6.5 m2.

INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT / 225

masalebi garemomcveli masalebi $1210-is es debulebebi exeba tualetisa da saabazano mowyobilobebs iseT sargeblobebSi, romlebic ar aris sacxovrebeli erTeulebi. isini exeba sazogadoebrivi tualetebisa da saabazano mowyobilobebTan dakavSirebul iseT sakiTxebs, rogorebicaa: SekeTeba, gawmenda da zogadi mdgomareoba. sayuradReboa, rom es debulebebi ar gamoiyeneba sacxovrebel erTeulebTan, garda miTiTebuli SemTxvevebisa. damproeqtebelma isini unda gamoiyenos yvela tipis SenobebisaTvis, rac daproeqtebis karg codnaze metyvelebs.

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610 mm-is daSorebiT mdebare pisuarebsa da unitazebs Soris kedlebi unda iyos gluvi, magari, araSewovisunariani zedapiriT 1219 mm simaRlemde. kedlis masalebi, rom araferi vTqvaT struqturaze, aseve unda uZlebdes tenis uaryofiT zemoqmedebas. iseTi sagnebi, rogorebicaa: xelis mosaWidi Zelebi da dispenserebi, unda daigmanos, rom mis qveS arsebuli struqtura tenma ar daazianos. iatakebi unda iyos gluvi, magari da araSewovisunariani.

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kedlis zedapiri damuSavebuli unda iyos 152 mm simaRlemde.

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saSxape ganyofilebebi da kedlebi abazanebis zemoT unda mopirkeTdes magari araSewovisunariani masalebiT 1778 mm simaRlemde aweuli sadrenaJo milidan. saSxapiani CaSenebuli abazanebis kedlebTan SeerTebis adgilebi unda daigmanos.

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tualetis oTaxebi ar unda iRebodes pirdapir oTaxSi, romelic gamoiyeneba sazogadoebisaTvis sakvebis mosamzadeblad. aseTi oTaxebia samzareuloebi, magram aseve SeiZleba iyos momsaxurebis farTobebi an sazogadoebrivi kvebis adgilebi. aseT SemTxvevebSi saWiroa vestibiulis an holis mowyoba.

13 energoefeqtianoba energoefeqtiani daproeqtebisadmi moTxovnebi mocemulia calke Tanmxleb kodSi â&#x20AC;&#x201C; `saerTaSoriso energo dazodgvis kodi~. imisaTvis rom ZalaSi rom Sevides, rogorc saerTaSoriso samSeneblo kodis Tanmxlebi kodi, es unda daamtkicos Sesabamis uflebamosilma organom. Cven am kods gamoviyenebT, rogorc mcire magaliTs imisas, Tu rogor urTierTobaSia saerTaSoriso kodebi erTmaneTTan. msgavsi urTierTobebia iseT saerTaSoriso kodebTan, rogorebicaa: saerTaSoriso meqanikuri kodi da milgayvanilobis saerTaSoriso kodi.

Cven yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT energo dazogvis kodSi Sesuli moTxovnebis mixedviT Senobis daproeqtebis Sedegebze. energodazogvis moTxovnebi meqanikuri da milgayvanilobis damontaJebebisaTvis Sesulia meqanikur da milgayvanilobis kodebSi da ara samSeneblo kodSi. isini ar warmoadgens am angariSis ganxilvis sagans. sayuradReboa, rom bevr Statsa da adgilobriv uflebamosil organos sakuTari energo kodebi aqvs. es adgilobrivi kodebi SeiZleba iyenebdes am samodelo kodisgan sruliad gansxvavebul standatebs. vinaidan SesaZloa arsebobdes adgilobrivi modifikaciebi, damproeqtebelma yovelTvis unda gadaamowmos adgilobrivi kodebi.

energoefeqtiani daproeqteba gamoyenebuli energiis gamoTvla adgilis sfecifikazea damokidebuli. isini damokidebulia geografiul, klimatur da adgilobriv garemo pirobebze. ra Tqma unda, Senobas, romelic kargad funqcionirebs cxel, tenian klimatur pirobebSi zRvis doneze, magaliTad, floridaSi, sruliad gansxvavebuli garemosgan zemoqmedebis kontroli da energo-sargeblobis modeli eqneba, vidre centraluri arizonis cxel, mSral udabnoSi mdebare Senobas. imisaTvis rom kodSi gansazRvruli energodazogvis gamoTvlis meTodebi da kriteriumebi sworad gamoviyenoT, unda vicodeT, sad aris Senoba, ra funqciis matarebelia da ra tipis konstruqciisaa.

misurSi. es adgili mdebareobs 48 erTmaneTis mosazRvre Statis geografiul centrSi da iq warmodgenilia konceptualuri pirobebis umetesoba, Tu yvela ara, romelTan Sexebac eqnebaT damproeqteblebs sxvadasxva adgilebSi. es farTobi SeirCa imisaTvis, rom aq warmodgenilia amindis mravalferovani pirobebi oTxive sezonze. is aseve xvdeba daproeqtebis kategoriis saSualo diapazonSi, rogoricaa: gaTbobisa da gagrilebis gradusi/dReebi, klimaturi zonebi da termitebis invaziaze mgrZnobeloba.

9144 mm

1524 mm

12 192 mm

3048 mm

ganxilvis mizniT, am TavSi gamoyenebulia pirobiTi Senobis modeli. es martivi modelis Senoba gamoyenebulia imisaTvis, rom vaCvenoT sxvadasxva analitikuri meTodebi, romlebic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos am kodis Sesabamisad energiis Sesafaseblad. imave modelis gamoyenebiT, mkiTxveli gaecnoba sxvadasxva meTodebs, romelTa saSualebiTac xdeba samSeneblo masalebis gansxvaveba, aseve, izolaciisa da gamWvirvale masalebisadmi moTxovnebis demonstrireba, romlebic gamoTvlis gansxvavebul meTodebs emyareba. igive samodelo Senobaa gamoyenebuli imisaTvis, rom davinaxoT, rogor moixmaren energias gansxvavebuli tipis sacxovrebeli da savaWro/komerciuli Senobebi. es modelebi gviCvenebs principebs, romlebic Tanabrad SeiZleboda gamoyenebuliyo nebismieri Senobis mimarT, rogorc institucionalur gamoyenebebSi, ise mravali ojaxisaTvis gankuTvnil sacxovreblebSi.

â&#x20AC;˘ samodelo Senoba navaraudevia kanzasSi,

1829 mm x 2743 mm fanjrebi

228 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

â&#x20AC;˘ Senoba navaraudevia iseTi, rogorc ilustraciazea naCvenebi. is navaraudevia iyos Zalian martivi 111.5 m2, erTsarTuliani, qanobiani saxuraviT, xis karkasis konstruqciis Senoba, fuZis sarTulis gareSe. Senobas aqvs Riobebi oTxive kedelze, magram ar aqvs interieris tixrebi ilustraciis advilad aRsaqmelad da Senobis gamosayenebis rogorc sacxovrisad, ise savaWro/ komerciuli mizniT aRsaqmelad. gamoTvlebis Sedegebi gamiznulia mxolod gamoTvlis meTodebis saCveneblad da erTmaneTTan Sesadareblad, rom davinaxoT gansxvavebebi energodazogvis zomebs Soris, romlebic gamoiyeneba am kodiT daSvebul sxvadasxva meTodebSi. isini mxolod sailustracioa da araa gamiznuli realur pirobebSi gamosayeneblad.

energo kodis koncefciebi sacxovrisi

sanam energiis detalur analizs SevudgebodeT, saWiroa ganvixiloT saerTo koncefciebi, romelTac emyareba saerTaSoriso energodazogvis kodi. am TavSi saerTaSoriso energodazogvis kods movixseniebT, rogorc `IECC~.

§101.3 mizani es kodi aregulirebs Senobis konvertis imgvarad daproeqtebasa da agebas, rom energia efeqtianad iqnas gamoyenebuli. ganzraxulia, rom kodSi mocemuli meTodebi iyos moqnili da uzrunvelyofdes kodis moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis dadgenis alternatiul meTodebs, direqtiuli (xisti) an Sesrulebaze orientirebuli (moqnili) kriteriumebis gamoyenebiT. is unda wavikiTxoT da gamoviyenoT sxva saerTaSoriso kodebTan erTad. es kodi ar zRudavs sxva kodebis moTxovnebs.

§101.4 gamoyenebadoba §101.4.1 da 3 arsebuli Senobebi, gadakeTebebi da miSeneba-daSenebebi axali Senobebis gamoyeneba safuZvlad daedo daproeqtebis moTxovnebis ganviTarebas. es moTxovnebi aseve gamoiyeneba gadakeTebebTan, miSeneba-daSenebebTan da sistemebis remontTan. ar aris moTxovnili, rom arsebuli nagebobebi mTlianad Seesabamebodes kods miSeneba-daSenebebis, gadakeTebebis an SekeTebebis dros. Tumca, roca samuSao Sesruldeba, igi unda Seesabamebodes kodis moTxovnebs.

§101.4.2 istoriuli Senobebi istoriul Senobebs, Setanilia Sesabamis reestrSi, ar exeba IECC.

romlebic saxelmwifo

§101.4.4 da 5 cvlilebebi gamoyenebasa da Sereuli sargeblobis SenobebSi gamoyenebis iseTi Secvlis SemTxvevaSi, romelic iwvevs wiaRiseuli sawvavis an eleqtroenergiis moTxovnis zrdas, Senoba unda Seesabamebodes IECC-s.

Sereuli gamoyenebis SenobebSi sacxovrebeli (Tavi 4) an savaWro/komerciuli (Tavi 5) gamoyenebebis Sesabamisi kriteriumebi gamoiyeneba Senobis TiToeul nawilTan mimarTebaSi.

§101.5 Sesabamisoba sacxovrebeli Senobebi unda akmayofilebdes IECC-is me-4 Tavis debulebebs. savaWro/komerciuli Senobebi unda akmayofilebdes IECC-is me-5 Tavis debulebebs. Sesabamisoba iyofa or did kategoriad: erTi aris direqtiuli, meore – Sesrulebaze orientirebuli. mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcems aqvs ufleba gansazRvros misaRebi kompiuteruli programebi an gamoTvlis sxva meTodebi, IECC-Tan Sesabamisobis misaRwevad. Senobis farTobebi, sadac energia Zalian mcire raodenobiT gamoiyeneba an ar aqvs kondicirebuli sivrce, ar saWiroebs Sesabamisobas, Tu isini saTanadodaa gamijnuli gansaxilveli Senobis danarCeni nawilisgan.

§102.1.3 mzis siTbos modinebis koeficienti (SHGC) eqsterierze ganawilebuli RiobebisaTvis (raSic Sedis fanjrebi, karebebi da gamWvirvale saxuravebi/ Werebi) unda iyos Riobebis ganlagebis Sefasebis erovnuli sabWos procedurebis mier gansazRvruli U-faqtori (sidide). Sefasebebis gareSe Riobebis ganlagebisas damproeqtebels SeuZlia gamoiyenos 102.1.3(1) cxrilebSi gansazRvruli U-faqtorebi. samodelo proeqtisaTvis Cven gamoviyenebT am faqtorebs.

meTodebi saSualebas gvaZlevs, gamoviyenoT direqtiuli an Sesrulebaze orientirebuli kriteriumebi. sacxovrisebis yvela proeqti unda akmayofilebdes 401, 402.4, 402.5, 402.6 da 403-is yvela savaldebulo debulebas. sadac erTi da ori ojaxis sacxovreblebi regulirdeba saerTaSoriso sacxovrebeli kodiT, uflebamosil organosTan gadaamowmeT, Tu ra energodazogvis zomebi unda gamoiyenoT Tqvens proeqtSi.

• §402

(direqtiuli): sistemebis daproeqteba gamartivebuli direqtiuli moTxovnebis gamoyenebiT (martivi `receptebis wignis~ msgavsi midgomebis gamoyeneba Senobis mier energomoxmarebis minimumamde dasayvanad, proeqtis gamartivebis gziT).

• §404 (Sesrulebaze orientirebuli): daproeqteba Sesrulebaze orientirebuli simulaciebiT (gamoTvlis imitaciuri meTodi Sesrulebaze orientirebul bazisze, romelic, Cveulebriv, sruldeba kompiuteruli programis mier).

savaWro/komerciuli savaWro/komerciuli SenobebisaTvis gamoyenebuli meTodebi hgavs sacxovrebeli SenobebisaTvis gamoyenebul meTodebs, Tumca, momdinareoben ra sxvadasxva teqnikuri resursebidan, kriteriumebsa da moTxovnebs gansxvavebuli safuZveli aqvs. savaldebulo debulebebi unda Sesruldes iseTive saSualebebiT, rogoriTac sacxovrebeli Senobebisa. savaldebulo debulebebi Sedis Semdeg nawilebSi: §502.4, 503.5, 503.2, 504, 505.2, 505.3, 505.4, 505.6 da 505.7.

• §502

(direqtiuli): sistemebis daproeqteba gamartivebuli sarekomendacio moTxovnebis gamoyenebiT (martivi `receptebis wignis~ msgavsi midgomebis gamoyeneba Senobis mier energomoxmarebis minimumamde dasayvanad, proeqtis gamartivebis gziT). sayuradReboa, rom savaWro/komerciuli gamoyenebebis standartebi gaTbobis, ventilaciisa da haeris kondensirebis sistemebis meti alternativis gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva, gamomdinare savaWro/komerciul SenobebSi aseTi sistemebis potenciuri sirTulis donidan.

• §506 (Sesrulebaze orientirebuli): daproeqteba Sesrulebaze orientirebuli simulaciebiT (gamoTvlis imitaciuri meTodi Sesrulebaze orientirebul bazisze, romelic, Cveulebriv, sruldeba kompiuteruli programis mier).

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 229

ganmartebebi Tavi 2: ganmartebebi aq aRniSnuli ganmartebebi Seicavs IECCis zogierT ganamrtebas, aseve, gadamisamarTebul dokumentebsa da energiis Sesabamisobis gamoTvlebSi gamoyenebul damatebiT ganmartebebs.

Senobis Termuli konverti fuZis sarTulis kedlebi, eqsterieris kedlebi, iataki, saxuravi da Senobis nebismieri sxva elementi, romelic SemozRudavs kondicirebul sivrces. es sazRvari aseve moicavs sazRvars kondicirebul sivrcesa da nebismier Tavisufal an arakondicirebul sivrces Soris.

kondicirebuli sivrce gamTbari an gagrilebuli sivrce, romelic SeiZleba moicavdes izolaciis armqone arxebis sistemas an romelic gadis/Riaa sxva momijnave kondicirebul sivrcisken.

grili gradus-dReebi, cxeli gradus-dReebi gagrilebis an gaTbobisaTvis moxmarebuli energiis gasazomi erTeulebi, romlebic efuZvneba komfortuli sabaziso 18ºC temperaturidan dRiuri saSualo temperturis gadacdomebs.

23˚C saSualo temperatura, 18˚C nulovan (sabaziso) xazs zeviT

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TiToeuli dRisaTvis arsebobs imdeni gradus-dRe, ra gansxvavebac aris saSualo temperaturasa da 18ºC temperaturas Soris. grili gradus-dRis saSualo temperatura 18ºC temperaturaze maRali iqneba da cxeli gradus-dRis saSualo temperatura ki 18ºC temperaturaze dabali. amdenad, dRes, roca saSualo temperatura 7ºC -ia, eqneba 11 cxeli gradus-dRe (18-7). wliuri gradus-dReebi aris cxeli gradus-dReebisa da civi gradusdReebis jami. am ori raodenobebis rigi erTdroulad ar emateba, radgan Seusabamobaa energomoxmarebis am ori tipis jamebs Soris.

5˚C = 5 grili gradus-dRe (23 - 18 = 5)

18˚C nulovani (sabaziso) xazi

4˚C = 4 cxeli gradus-dRe (18 - 14 = 4)

14˚C saSualo temperatura, 18˚C nulovan (sabaziso) xazs qvemoT

energoanalizi wliuri energomoxmarebis gamoTvlis meTodi SemoTavazebuli proeqtisa da Sesabamisi standartuli proeqtisaTvis emyareba energomoxmarebis gamoTvlebs.

sacxovrebeli Senoba kodis moicavs R-3 Senobebs, aseve R-2 da R-4 Senobebs, romelTa simaRle niSnulidan sami sarTuli an naklebia. sadac erTi da ori ojaxis sacxovreblebi regulirdeba saerTaSoriso sacxovrebeli kodiT, Sesabamis uflebamosil organosTan gadaamowmeT, unda gamoiyenoT Tu ara saerTaSoriso sacxovrebeli kodSi mocemuli energodazogvis zomebi.

230 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

ganmartebebi gansaxilveli standartuli proeqti SemoTavazebuli proeqtis versia, romelic Seesabameba am kodis moTxovnebs. is gamoiyeneba maqsimaluri energomoxmarebis Tbo-energo balansis Sesaqmnelad iseTi proeqtebis Sesabamisobis Sefasebisas, romlebSic gamoyenebulia Senobis efeqtianobis alternatiuli kriteriumebi.

mzis siTbos modinebis koeficienti eqsterierze ganlagebuli Riobebidan sivrceSi moxvedrili mzis siTbos modinebis Tanafardoba mzis damatebiT gamosxivebasTan. mzis siTbos modinebaSi Sedis pirdapir gadacemuli mzis siTbo da mzis STanTqmuli gamosxiveba, romelic Semdeg xelaxla gamosxivdeba, gadaecema an moZravi garemos dinebis mier gadaitaneba sivrceSi.

i ir ap rd pi

i ad ak n s bo T i s

i ir ap rd pi i a ar kad na

s bo T i s

Tbogamtaroba (C) mocemuli masalis erTeul farTobSi siTbos nakadis gatarebis dro, romelic gamoixateba stabilur pirobebSi or zedapirs Soris temperaturis cvlilebis erTeuliT.

1 erTeuli

1

li eu T er

Tbomedegoba (R) Tbogamtarobis sapirispiro movlena, romelic tolia komponentis TiToeuli Sris, rogorebicaa: haerTan SexebaSi myofi zedapirebi, Tboizolacia, CarCoebi da gamWvirvale safarebi, R-sidideebis Sewonili jamisa.

C = 1/R

•

R = K/W yovel m2-ze.

(Tbogadacema).

W/(m2 • K).

Tbogadacema (U) Senobis komponentis an awyobili sistemis gavliT gadacemuli siTbos (haeridan haerze) koeficienti, romelic tolia siTbos nakadis siCqarisa erTeul farTobze da haerTan SexebaSi myofi zedapirebis Tbil da civ mxareebs Soris temperaturis cvlilebis erTeulis. msgavsia Tbogamtarobisa da, arsebiTad, tolia Sebrunebuli R Tbomedegobisa.

•

U= W/m2 yovel ºK-sTvis

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 231

daproeqtebis pirobebi Tavi 3: daproeqtebis pirobebi saerTaSoriso energodazogvis kodis me-3 TavSi gansazRvruli kriteriumebi miRebulia adgilobrivi uflebamosili organos mier, rom ganisazRvros me-4 da me-5 TavebSi gamosayenebeli daproeqtebis kriteriumebi.

Cveni proeqtis nimuSisaTvis 301.1 cxrilis monacemebad gamoviyenebT kanzas sitis, misuris Statis, informacias.

301.1 suraTis mixedviT, kanzas siti mdebareobs me-4 da me-5 zonebis sazRvarze. vvaraudobT, rom Cveni proeqti mdebareobs me-4 zonaSi da gamoTvlebsac Sesabamisad vawarmoebT. viRebT sademonstracio Senobas, romelic mdebareobs kanzas sitiSi, misuris StatSi, rom vawarmooT Sesrulebaze orientirebuli analizi da direqtiuli energo analizi sacxovrebeli SenobebisaTvis da direqtiuli energo daproeqtebis Sesabamisoba savaWro/ komerciuli SenobebisaTvis. es giCvenebT TiToeuli tipis daproeqtebis analizisas gamoyenebul procesebs. Cven ar SevexebiT ganaxlebadi energoresursebis gamoyenebas sacxovrebel SenobebSi, ara imitom, rom mxars ar vuWerT maT CarTvas proeqtebSi (Zalianac vuWerT), aramed imis gamo, rom potenciuri ganaxlebadi resursebis farTo diapazonis analizi scildeba am wignis kompetenciis sazRvrebs. roca energo analizis koncefciebs kargad SeiswavliT, SeZlebT ganaxlebadi resursebis analizis gamoyenebas. cxadia, rom realuri energo gamoTvlebi, romelTac Tqven gamoiyenebT praqtikaSi, moxdeba kompiuteruli modelebis gamoyenebiT. Cven warmogidgenT savaraudo monacemebs, romlebic gansazRvravs modelirebis programebSi gamosayenebel ZiriTad kategoriebs.

Cven SevasrulebT xeliT gamoTvlas mxolod ramodenime, rom migaxvedroT rogor unda gamoiyenoT kriteriumebi da rogori gansxvavebaa energomoxmarebis daproeqtebis sxvadasxva meTodebs Soris. Cven ar gvaqvs ganzraxuli mkiTxvels mivawodoT yvela informacia energomoxmarebis gamoTvlebis xeliT sawarmoeblad, radgan aseTi gamoTvlebi albaT kompiuteruli modelirebiT iwarmoebs. Cveni mizania ara kompiuteruli modelirebisas gamoyenebuli gamoTvlis procesis dublireba, aramed Tqveni garkveva im koncefciebSi, romlebic safuZvlad udevs modelebis gamoyenebas.

eqsterieris daproeqtebis pirobebi piroba

sidide (kanzas sitisTvis)

zamTari, ASHRAE -is safuZvlebis saxelmZRvanelos Sesabamisi mSrali TermometriT (ºF) daproeqteba. 97½ % sidide

8ºF, 97½%-ze (sidide)

zafxuli, ASHRAE -is safuZvlebis saxelmZRvanelos Sesabamisi mSrali TermometriT (∫F) daproeqteba, 2½ % sidide

97ºF, 2½%-ze (sidide)

gradus-dReebi, sicxe (NOAA-is monacemebis Sesabamisad)

5,000

gradus-dReebi, sigrile (NOAA-is monacemebis Sesabamisad)

1,250

klimaturi zona, kodis 302.1(26) suraTis mixedviT

zona 11B

sadac ºC = [(ºF–32]/1.8

interieris daproeqtebis pirobebi $302-is Sesabamisad interieris daproeqtebis temperaturebi gamoyenebuli gaTbobis da gagrilebis datvirTvebis gamoTvlisaTvis unda iyos maqsimum 22 ºC gaTbobisaTvis da minimum 24 ºC gagrilebisaTvis.

1829 mm x 2743 mm fanjrebi

CrdiloeTis fasadi

232 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

dasavletis fasadi

daproeqtebis analizi ilustraciis mixedviT, Senoba Zalian martivia, interieris tixrebis gareSe, romelsac aqvs martivi gamWvirvale safarebi (mag.: fanjris SuSebi) kompasis oTxive mxares. Cveni samodelo nagebobis mTavari statistika Semdegnairia: iatakis mTliani farTobi: kedlis mTliani farTobi: saxuravis mTliani farTobi: gamWvirvale safarebis farTobi: karis farTobi:

111.5 m2 144 m2 117.5 m2 27.9 m2 2 m2 29.8 m2

moculoba:

42.5 m3

9144 mm

Riobebis saerTo ganlageba:

kedlis mTliani farTobis 19.35% Senobis iatakis mTliani farTobis 25% Senobis iatakis mTliani farTobis 1.75% kedlis mTliani farTobis 1.35% Senobis iatakis mTliani farTobis 26.75%

12 192 mm

3048 mm

1524 mm

Cven vawarmoebT gamWvirvale masalis, darabebisa da izolaciis sabazo kompleqtaciis kriteriumebis modificirebas, rac aucilebelia iseTi alternativebis sademonstraciod, romlebic SesaZloa gamoyenebuli iyos energodazogvis moTxovnebTan SesabamisobisaTvis. samxreTis fasadi

aRmosavleTis fasadi

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 233

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba Tavi 4: sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba me-4 TavSi ganxilulia sacxovrebel SenobebSi saerTo energomoxmareba, maT Soris, yvela sistemisa, rogorebicaa: gaTbobis, gagrilebis, wylis gasacxelebeli da eleqtroenergiis moxmarebis. dasaSvebi energomoxmareba gamomdinareobs Senobis Termuli konvertis wliuri energomoxmarebidan, romelic efuZvneba Termuli konvertis ganTavsebis klimatur zonas 402.1.1 cxrilis Sesabamisad. damproeqtebels SeuZlia iseTi cvladebiT manipulireba, rogorebicaa kedlebis izolaciis sidideebi, gamWvirvale masalebisa da darabebis Tbogadacemis koeficientebi, rom miiRos saerTo energomoxmarebis is raodenoba, romelic dawesebulia Termuli konvertis kriteriumebiT. sacxovrebeli nawili exeba saswavlo dawesebulebebTan dakavSirebul sacxovrebel gamoyenebebs, rogorebicaa: saerTo saZinebeli oTaxebi, sastumro saxlebi an safakulteto sacxovrisi.

sarekomendacio midgoma ยง402.1.1-Si mocemulia ZiriTadi kriteriumebi, romlebsac unda akmayofilebdes Senobis Termuli konverti 402.1.1 cxrilis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, romlebic efuZvneba me-3 TavSi gansazRvrul klimatur zonebs.

R-sidideebisa da U-faqtorebis urTierTkavSiri naCvenebia 402.1.3 cxrilSi, sadac warmodgenilia U-faqtorebi, romlebic cvlis 402.1.1 cxrilSi gansazRvrul R-sidideebs.

402.1.1 cxrilSi mocemuli kriteriumebis safuZvelze, kanzas sitis mdebareobis, anu me-4 klimaturi zonis, mimarT moTxovnebi Semdegia: 402.1.3 cxrilSi gansazRvruli eqvivalenturi U-faqtorebi dabeWdilia kursiviT (daxrili SriftiT). es faqtorebi gamoiyeneba alternativebisaTvis saerTo UA analizis dros, rogorc qvemoTaa ganxiluli.

cx. 402.1.1

(cx. 402.1.3)

Riobebis ganlagebis U-faqtori:

0.40

(U-faqtori: 0.40)

Weris R-sidide:

38

(U-faqtori: 0.030)

xis karkasiani kedlis R-sidide *:

13*

(U-faqtori: 0.082)

masiuri kedlis R-sidide:

5**

(U-faqtori: 0.141)

iatakis R-sidide:

19

(U-faqtori: 0.047)

fuZis sarTulis kedlis R-sidide:

10 Tu uwyvetia an (U-faqtori: 0.059) 13 qvabulSi karkasis izolaciisaTvis

filis R-sidide da siRrme:

610 mm (dam. R-5 Signidan gaTbobadi filebisTvis)

gamouyenebeli fuZis sarT. R-sidide:

10 Tu uwyvetia an (U-faqtori: 0.065) 13 qvabulSi karkasis izolaciisaTvis

* **

qvemoT ixileT ยง402.2. da 402.2.4 cxrilebis ganxilva foladis boZiani karkasis mqone kedlebisaTvis. ยง402.3.3-is Sesabamisad, masiur kedlebad iTvleba betonis blokis, betonis, izolirebuli betonis formis, Rru taniani qvis masalis, aguris (garda aguris safarisa), miwis (alizi, dapresili miwis bloki, datkepnili miwa) da masiuri xis morebisgan agebuli kedlebi.

234 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba

gamWvirvale Weris U-faqtori: 0.60 (U-faqtori: 0.60)

Weris R-sidide: 38 (U-faqtori: 0.030)

Riobebis ganlagebis U-faqtori: 0.40 (U-faqtori 0.40) gamWvirvale masalebiT dafaruli Riobebis mzis siTbos modinebis koeficienti: ar regulirdeba me-4 zonaSi (NR) xis karkasiani kedlis R-sidide*: 13* (U-faqtori: 0.082) masiuri kedlis R-sidide: 5** (U-faqtori: 0.141) iatakis R-sidide: 19 (U-faqtori: 0.047)

fuZis sarTulis kedlis R-sidide: 10 Tu uwyvetia an 13 qvabulSi karkasis izolaciisaTvis (U-faqtori: 0.059) gamouyenebeli fuZis sarTulis R-sidide: 10 Tu uwyvetia an 13 qvabulSi karkasis izolaciisaTvis (U-faqtori: 0.065)

filis R-sidide da siRrme: 610 mm (damatebuli R-5 Signidan gaTbobadi filisaTvis)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 235

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba ยง402.1.3 da 4 UA alternatiuli analizi es ori nawili SesaZlebels gaxdis U-faqtorebis gamoyenebas energomoxmarebis gansasazRvrad R-koeficientis sawinaaRmdegod, romlebic gamoiyeneba 402.1.1 cxrilSi aRniSnuli awyobili sistemebisaTvis. 402.1.3-Si gansazRvruli U-faqtoris alternativa kedlis axali tipebis gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva, romelTac SesaZloa gansxvavebuli Termuli Taviseburebebi hqondes, vidre 402.1.1 cxrilSi aRniSnul ZiriTad xis karkasian kedlebs. 402.1.4 uSvebs daTmobebs konvertis yvela komponentisTvis. Tu Senobis Termuli konvertiani saerTo UA (U-faqtoris jami gamravlebuli awyobili sistemis farTobze) naklebia an tolia saerTo UA-is, romelic miRebulia 402.1.3 cxrilis U-faqtorebis gamoyenebiT erTnairi awyobili farTobebis gamoyenebisas, Senoba unda CaiTvalos 402.1.1 cxrilis moTxovnebis damakmayofileblad. UA unda gamoiTvalos ASHRAE-is safuZvlebis saxelmZRvanelos Sesabamisad da Seicavs Termuli SeerTebis efeqtebs, sadac karkasis masalebi gadascems siTbos. 402.1.1 cxrilSi mocemuli mzis siTbos modinebis koeficientis moTxovnebi unda Sesruldes UA-is moTxovnebTan erTad. es koncefcia mniSvnelovania, rogorc direqtiuli, ise Sesrulebaze orientirebuli alternativebis gagebis TvalsazrisiT. is uSvebs ufro didi fanjris farTobebis gamoyenebas, Tu balansi miiRweva awyobil kedlebSi ufro maRali sidideebis mqone izolaciis gamoyenebiT. samodelo Senobis saerTo U-faqtori unda iyos 402.1.1 cxrilis gamoyenebiT gamoTvlil U-faqtorze naklebi an toli. energiis departamentis REScheck programa (http://www.energycodes. gov/rescheck) Senobis Sesabamisobis analizisaTvis iyenebs UA-is koncefcias.

komponenti

Weri

awyob. sistema

mTl. farT.

cx. 402.1.1

RES Semowmeba

(m2)

Rrus izolacia R sidide

U-faqtori

144

38

0.03

36

111 28

13 ---

0.082 0.40

103 120

xis boZebi centridan 406 mm-ze

kedlis gamWv. safari

ormag gamW. saf., xis CarCo

UA

dasaSvebi UA

244

gamoTvlili UA

259

Sesabamisi/Seusabamo

Seusabamo

RES-Semowmebis programis gamoyenebiTa da 402.1.1 cxrilSi gansazRvruli direqtiuli sidideebiT, Cveni sademonstracio Senoba ar Seesabameba kodSi daSvebul U-sidides - 244-s. girCevT, gadmoiweroT programa da SeiswavloT, rogor muSaobs is da rogor SegiZliaT misi gamoyeneba imisaTvis, rom swrafad gaaanalizoT ZiriTadi sistemis daTmobebi da miiRoT energo Sesabamisoba.

2 X 4 boZebi w/ izolacia: R-13

2 X 6 boZebi w/ izolacia: R-19

236 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Tu fanjris farTobs 23,7 kvadratul metramde SevamcirebT an 27,9 kvadratuli metris gamWvirvale safarebis mqone fanjris Riobebis U-sidides 0,35-mde SevamcirebT, maSin Senoba Sesabamisi iqneba. gamartivebuli gamoTvlis programebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, REScheck, Sesabamisobis misaRwevad Senobebs Soris daTmobebis gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva. damproeqtebels aqvs arCevani, Seamciros fanjris zoma da gazardos fanjris koeficientebi Sesabamisobis misaRwevad. meore arCevania kedlis an Weris izolaciis gazrda fanjris farTobis SenarCunebiT. Cveni magaliTisTvis, R-19-iani kedlis izolaciis gamoyeneba saSualebas iZleva, fanjris farTobi darCes 27,9 m2 da Senoba SesabamisobaSi iyos.

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba §402.2 izolaciis direqtiuli moTxovnebi §402.2-Si CamoTvlilia specifikuri izolaciis direqtiuli moTxovnebi da §402.1.1Si gansazRvruli direqtiuli moTxovnebis alternativebi detalurad, romlebic warmodgenilia 404.1.1 cxrilSi.

•

§404.2.1-is Tanaxmad, sadac aucilebelia R-38 izolacia, SeiZleba R-30 izolaciis gamoyeneba, Tu arakompresirebuli R-30 izolacia vrceldeba naSverebTan kedlis zeda firfitis Tavze. msgavsad amisa, aseTive meTodiT damontaJebuli R-38 izolacia akmayofilebs R-49 izolaciis moTxovnebs.

•

§402.2.2-is Tanaxmad, daSvebulia R-30ze naklebi izolaciis gamoyeneba 46m2mde farTobebze usxveno WerebSi, sadac awyobili saxuravis/Weris proeqtSi ar aris sakmarisi sivrce aucilebeli izolaciis dasamontaJeblad.

•

§402.2.3-is Tanaxmad, masiur kedlebs unda hqondes 402.1.1 cxrilSi moTxovnili izolaciis sididis 50% eqsterierze, rom daakmayofilos §402.1.1-is moTxovnebi an kedlebi unda akmayofilebdes xis boZebiani kedlebis izolaciis mimarT arsebul moTxovnebs. 1-el, me-2 da me-3 klimatur zonebSi, dasaSvebia masiuri kedlebis eqsterieris izolaciis Semcireba am nawilis gamonaklisebis mixedviT.

•

§402.2.4 da cxrili 402.2.4 gamoiyeneba kedlebisTvis, romelTac foladisboZiani karkasi aqvs. maT aqvT faqtori, romelic gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos da romlebic zrdis Tbogadacemis faqtorebs. is gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos foladis-boZis Termuli SeerTebis efeqtebSi, radgan isini arian Tboenergiis gamtarebi da ara Semakaveblebi, rogorc xis boZebi. amdenad, foladis-boZian kedlebs sWirdeba ufro sqeli izolacia Rrmulis Sesavsebad an damatebiTi saizolacio fila eqsterierze, boZebze Tbogadacemis Sesamcireblad.

R-30 kargia

50% damatebiTi izolacia eqsterierTan

masiuri kedeli

R-38 aucilebelia

interierTan

foladis boZebi qvabulis damatebiTi izoalcia an eqsterieris damatebiTi saizolacio dafa

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 237

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba

• §402.2.6-is Tanaxmad, fuZis sarTulis kedlebis izolacia unda vrceldebodes zedapiridan gruntis niSnuls qvemoT 3048 mm-mde an fuZis sarTulis iatakamde, romelic naklebia. aseTi izolacia saWiroa aseve arakondicirebuli fuZis sarTulebisaTvis, Tu awyobili iataki fuZis sarTulis saxuravTan izolirebulia.

• §402.2.7-is mixedviT, gruntze ganTavsebuli filis iatakebi, romlebic gruntis niSnulidan 305 mm-iT an naklebiT qvemoTaa (aq gasaTvaliswinebelia piroba, Tu fila gruntis niSnulis donezea) unda izolirdes filis kideebTan. izolacia unda Cadiodes qvemoT 402.1.1 cxrilSi gansazRvrul manZilze, anu rac Cveni magaliTisaTvis me-4 klimatur zonaSi R-10 izolaciis SemTxvevaSi aris 610 mm. izolacia unda adiodes zeviT, magram eqsterierTan dafaruli unda iyos betonis filiT an 254 mm gruntis SriT. filis kidis izolacia saWiro ar aris, Tu mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemi daadgens termitebis Zlieri invaziis arsebobas.

• §402.2.8-is mixedviT, sadac arasrul fuZis sarTulebs ar aqvs gareT gamavali ventilacia, arasruli fuZis sarTulis Sida kedels SeiZleba gaukeTdes izolacia. izolacia unda gavrceldes arasruli fuZis sarTulis interieris kedelze mTlianad da 610 mm-iT vertikalurad gruntSi kedlis saZirkvlisken an 610 mm-iT horizontalurad gruntze. arasruli fuZis sarTulSi zemoqmedebis qveS myof gruntze unda ganTavsdes orTqlis uwyveti Semakavebeli. orTqlis Semakaveblis yvela gadabma unda daigmanos da gavrceldes SemaerTebel kedlamde 153 mm-ze da mimagrdes SemaerTebel kedelze. ventilaciis nacvlad am meTodis gamoyenebis alternativa kargad unda Sefasdes, radgan ventilaciis gauqmebam SeiZleba arasruli fuZis sarTulis danestianeba gamoiwvios.

• §402.2.9-is mixedviT, izolacia saWiro ar aris fundamentis horizontalur nawilTan, romelsac eyrdnoba qvis masalis safari.

238 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba §402.3 eqsterieris RiobebTan dakavSirebuli direqtiuli moTxovnebi farTobiT Sewonil saSualo U-faqtoris moTxovnebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas §402.1.1-is standartis dasakmayofileblad. magaliTad, specialur fanjrebs SeiZleba hqondes ufro maRali U-faqtori, rac balansdeba sxva fanjrebis ufro maRali U-faqtorebiT ise, rom saerTo saSualo Sesabamisi iyos. igive principi gamoiyeneba mzis siTbos modinebis koeficientebTan.

alum. fanj. w/ Term. barieri

§402.4 haeris gaparvasTan dakavSirebuli savaldebulo moTxovnebi SenobebSi damontaJebuli unda iyos iseTi saSualebebi, romlebic minimumamde Seamcirebs haeris gaparvas an SeRwevas Senobis konvertSi da fanjrebisa da karebebis garSemo arsebul RriWoebSi. awyobil fanjrebsa da karebebs unda hqondeT maqsimalurad dasaSvebi haeris infiltraciis koeficientebi. dagmanvis meTodebi unda iTvaliswinebdes samSeneblo masalebis gafarToebasa da SekumSvas Sors gansxvavebas.

§402.4.1 haeris gaparva Termul konvertTan sagnebi, romlebic §402.4.1-is mixedviT, unda daigmanos, gaukeTdes Suasadebi, atmosferuli movlenebisgan dasacavi zolebi an sxvagvarad daigmanos sahaero barieris masaliT, Sesabamisi apkis an masiuri masaliT:

• 1,4 m2 farTobis mqone erT fanjaras

sammagi gamWvirvale masala

ar exeba §402.1.1-Si gansazRvruli U-faqtori da mzis siTbos modinebis koeficienti. isini ar exeba aseve erT SuqSeuRwevad awyobil kars.

• eqsterieris Riobebis mdebareobis Secvla unda moxdes §402.1.1-is U-faqtorTan da mzis siTbos modinebis koeficientTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebis Sesabamisad. es Seesabameba kodis saerTo princips imis Taobaze, rom gadakeTebebi unda Seesabamebodes ormagi gamWv. mas. kodis arsebul moTxovnebs. w/ dabali e-safari

1. yvela gadabma, nakeri da eqsterieris Riobebi.

2. adgilze agebuli fanjrebi, karebebi da gamWvirvale Werebi.

3. Riobebi awyobil fanjrebsa da karebebs da sxva maT Sesabamis karis amyolebsa da CarCoebs Soris.

4. momsaxure sistemebis gayvanilobebisTvis arsebuli gamWoli Riobebi.

5. Termuli konvertis mosazRvre Sekiduli Werebi an Rarebi.

6. dabali kedlebi.

7. garaJebisa da kondicirebuli sivrcebis gammijnavi kedlebi da Werebi.

8. abazanebisa da Sxapebis ukan eqsterieris kedlebze.

9. sacx. erTeulebis saziaro kedlebi.

10. infiltraciis sxva wyaroebi.

§402.4.2 eqsterieris Riobebidan haeris gaparva §402.4.2 iTxovs iseTi saSualebebis damontaJebas, rac minimumamde Seamcirebs fanjrebisa da karebebis RiobebTan haeris gaparvas. fanj. da gamWv. Werebi (m2-i wuTSi fanjris farT. yovel m2-ze)

0.028

karebebi (m3-i wuTSi karis farT. yovel m2-ze) sriala

ormxriv moZravi

0.0015

0.0025

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 239

sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba ยง402.4.3 CaSenebuli ganaTeba niSebSi moTavsebuli mowyobilobebi, romlebic xvrets kondicirebuli Senobis konverts, unda daigmanos an gaukeTdes Suasadebi, rom haerma ar imoZraos kondicirebul da arakondicirebul sivrceebs Soris. sagmanebi SeiZleba iyos mowyobilobis nawili an unda aigos 12,7 mm TabaSiris filis SemomzRudavi an mowyobilobebis zemoT haergaumtari SemomzRudavi. am SemomzRudavebidan wvad masalebamde datovebuli unda iyos 12,7 mm Tavisufali sivrce da saizolacio masalebamde araumcires 76 mm Tavisufali sivrce.

ยง402.5 tenianobis savaldebulo kontroli vinaidan energo Sesabamisoba moiTxovs ufro hermetul Senobebs naklebi haeris infiltraciiTa da eqsfiltraciiT, damproeqteblisTvis mniSvnelovania tenis kontrolis zomebis gaTvaliswineba, Senobis elementebSi kondensaciis momatebis Tavidan asacileblad. sivrceebis ganiaveba tenis gandevnis saSualebas iZleva, magram aseve gandevnis energias. hermetul SenobebSi saWiroa yuradRebis gamaxvileba kondensirebis kontrolze. gruntis niSnuls zemoT karkasis kedlebs, iatakebsa da Werebs, romelTac ar aqvT ventilacia da, Sesabamisad, ar ganidevneba teni, unda hqondes daSvebuli orTqlis Semakavebeli. orTqlis Semakavebeli unda damontaJdes Termoizolaciis im mxares, romelic zamTarSi Tbilia.

ยง402.6 eqsterieris aucilebeli Riobebis maqsimaluri U-faqtori da mzis siTbos modinebis koeficienti eqsterieris Riobebis farTobiT Sewonili maqsimaluri saSualo U-faqtori, romelic iyenebs ยง402.1.4 an ยง404-is daTmobebs, unda iyos 0,48 vertikaluri RiobebisaTvis Cvens SenobaSi, romelic me-4 klimatur zonaSia da 0,75 gamWvirvale WerebisTvis, romlebic me-4 klimatur zonaSia. eqsterieris Riobebis farTobiT Sewonili maqsimaluri saSualo mzis siTbos modinebis koeficienti ar gamoiyeneba me-4 klimaturi zonisaTvis, amdenad, is ar regulirdeba.

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sacxovrisis energoefeqtianoba §403 savaldebulo sistemasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnebi kodi moiTxovs garkveul savaldebulo saSualebebs gaTbobisa da gagrilebis sistemebisaTvis.

R-8 izolacia

§403.1 sakontroleblebi yoveli calkeuli gamaTbobeli da gamagrilebeli sistemis sakontrolod unda arsebobdes Termostati.

§403.2 arxis izolacia haerSemomtani da haergamwovi arxebi izolirebuli unda iyos minimum R-8 izolaciiT. iatakis fermebSi ganTavsebul arxebs SeiZleba hqondes R-6 izolacia. es moTxovna ar exeba arxebs, romlebic mTlianad Senobis Termul konvertSia moqceuli. amdenad, misaRebia araizolirebuli arxebis arseboba sivrceSi, roca isini ganTavsebulia Senobis Termul konvertSi.

Senobis Termul konvertSi moqceuli arxebi, romlebic ganicdian zemoqmedebas R-6 izolacia iatakis fermebSi

§403.3, 4 meqanikuri sistemis milsadenebis izolacia milebi, rogoricaa wylis gamacxelebeli sistemis milebi, romlebSic gadis 41˚C-ze maRali temperaturis siTxeebi an gamagrilebeli sistemis milebi, romlebSic gadis 13˚C-ze dabali temperaturis siTxeebi, unda izolirdes minimum R-2 izolaciiT. cirkulirebadi wylis gamacxelebel sistemebs unda hqondes aseTive xarisxis izolacia. am sistemebs aseve unda hqondes advilad misadgomi gamomrTveli, romelic gaTiSavs sacirkulacio sistemas, roca is xmarebaSi ar aris.

§403.5 meqanikuri ganiaveba Senobis gareT ganTavsebul haerSemomtan da haergamwov arxebs unda hqondes avtomaturi an simZimis Zalaze momuSave wevis regulatorebi, romlebic daixureba saventilacio sistemis aramuSa mdgomareobaSi gadasvlis dros.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 241

Sesrulebaze orientirebuli simulaciuri alternativebi §404 Sesrulebaze orientirebuli simulaciuri alternativa kodi uSvebs Sesrulebaze orientirebuli modelirebis programuli uzrunvelyofis gamoyenebas SemoTavazebuli Senobis energo mwarmoeblurobis simulirebisaTvis/imitirebisaTvis. analizi unda moicavdes gaTbobis, gagrilebisa da teqnikuri wylis gacxelebis analizs. daculi unda iyos yvela savaldebulo moTxovna, romelic gansazRvrulia Semdeg nawilebSi: §402.4 (haeris gaparva), 402.5 (tenis kontroli), 402.6 (eqsterieris Riobebis maqsimaluri U-faqtori) da 403 (sistemebi).

SemoTavazebuli proeqtis energo biujeti

standartuli proeqtis energo biujeti

Sesabamisobad iTvleba is, rom SemoTavazebuli proeqtis wliuri energo xarji naklebia an tolia standartuli proeqtis wliuri energo xarjisa. energo xarji analizSi unda aisaxos faqtorebSi. gamoyenebuli dro unda gamoiTvalos faqtorebSi, sadac alternatiul sistemebSi energo moxmarebis balansi damokidebulia drois faqtorTan. misaRebia energo erTeulebis gadayvana britanuli siTburi erTeulidan kilovatebSi, ramdenadac erTeulebis gadayvana gaTvaliswinebulia. analizi unda qmnides Sesabamisobis saCvenebel angariSs. angariSi unda efuZvnebodes 404.5 cxrilSi warmodgenil specifikaciebs, romlebic gvaZlevs saSualebas, mocemuli Senobis komponentebis Sesrulebaze orientirebuli analizi SevadaroT standartuli proeqtisa da SemoTavazebuli proeqtis analizebs. mTlianad Sesrulebaze orientirebul analizze damyarebuli programuli uzrunvelyofa iTvaliswinebs bevr sxva faqtors, vidre martivi `receptebis wigni~ an ZiriTadi sistemis daTmobis mimarT arsebuli midgomebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba direqtiul meTodebSi. Sesrulebaze orientirebuli analizi iTvaliswinebs Semdegs: wlis ganmavlobaSi gaTbobisa da gagrilebis datvirTvis sezonur sxvaobebs, eqsterieris Riobebis mdebareobasa da raodenobas, rac efuZvneba gamWvirvale masalis orientaciidan gamomdinare gaTbobisas an gagrilebisas warmoqmnil realur danakargebs; masalebis fers; sxvadasxva masalebis Tbogadacemis koeficientebs, rac dRis manZilze siTbos Senaxvisa da RamiT misi gamosxivebis saSualebas iZleva; gamWvirvale awyobili sistemis SigniT arsebul gamWvirvale masalebis damuqebas da dafervas; gamWvirvale masalebis daCrdilvas arqiteqturuli elementebiT an mcenareebiT. es mZlavri kompiuteruli programebi Senobis daproeqtebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli mravali uerTierTdakavSirebuli sakiTxis analizis saSualebas iZleva, rac proeqts maqsimalurad efeqtians da ufro moqmnils xdis da, amave dros, amcirebs energiis moxmarebas.

242 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

• kedlebisa da fanjrebis mdebareoba, orientacia da farTobi

• masalebis feri da siTbos gadacemis koeficientebi

• saxuravi da Weri • eqsterieris Riobebi • kedlebi sivrceebis Tavze arsebuli • aragaTbobadi iatakebi • fuZis sarTulis kedlebi

• gaTboba-gagrilebis sistemebis tipebi

• gamouyenebeli

fuZis

sarTulis

kedeli

• gaTbobadi an aragaTbobadi fila gruntis niSnulze

savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis energoefeqtianoba IECC Tavi 5: komerciuli/savaWro Senobebis energoefeqtianoba IECC warmoadgens saerTaSoriso samSeneblo kodis erT-erT gadamisamarTebas, romelic warmoadgens calke kods. IECCSi warmodgenilia ori alternativa savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis energo SesabamisobisaTvis. pirveli iyenebs 90.1 standartis (energo standarti SenobebisaTvis, dabalsarTuliani sacxovrebeli Senobebis garda, SemuSavebuli gaTbobis, gagrilebisa da haeris kondensirebis inJinrebis amerikuli sazogadoebisa (ASHRAE) da CrdiloeT amerikis ganaTebis inJinrebis asociaciis (IESNA) mier) moTxovnebs. pirveli alternativa gulisxmobs kompiuteruli modelirebis programis gamoyenebas mocemul klimatur pirobebSi Senobis mTliani mwarmoeblurobis analizisaTvis. meore alternativa iyenebs IECC-is me-5 TavSi gansazRvrul debulebebs. kodis es nawili hgavs sacxovreblis nawils imiT, rom aq aris direqtiuli standartebi da Sesrulebaze orientirebuli standartebi. orive alternatiuli gza aRiarebs, rom aseve unda gatardes garkveuli savaldebulo zomebi.

Cven SevexebiT savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis konvertTan dakavSirebul ZiriTad moTxovnebs, magram dawvrilebiT ar ganvixilavT meqanikur an eleqtro moTxovnebs, radgan vfiqrobT, rom am SenobebisaTvis gamoTvlebis umetesoba iwarmoebs proeqtis direqtiuli moTxovnebis safuZvelze Zalian martivi SenobebisaTvis da kompiuteruli modelirebis programebis gamoyenebiT savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis umetesobisaTvis. sacxovrebeli da savaWro/komerciuli moTxovnebi erTmaneTs rom SevadaroT, Cveni Senoba savaWro/komerciul nagebobad miviCnioT. qvemoT Sedarebulia me-4 klimatur zonaSi sacxovreblis mimarT arsebuli direqtiuli moTxovnebi, romlebic gansazRvrulia 402.1.1 cxrilSi da Sesabamisi komerciuli/ savaWro Senobebis elementebis mimarT arsebuli Sesrulebaze orientirebuli moTxovnebi, romlebic SerCeulia me-5 Tavidan.

cxrili 402.1.1 cx. 402.1.1

savaWro/komerciuli gamoyenebisadmi moTxovnebi

fasadis Riob. U-faqtori:

U = 0.40

kedlis farTobis maqsimum 40% U = 0.40 (ara liTonis) 0.60 (liTonis)

gamWrv. Weris U-faqtori:

U = 0.60

U-mina = 0.60; U-plastmasi = 1.30 saxuravis farTobis maqsimum 3%

gamW. safafariani. eqst.

Riobebis SHGC:

ar regulirdeba zona 4-Si

minis SHGC = 0.40, plastmasis SHGC = 0.62

Weris R-sidide:

R-38

R-30 w/sxvenis, R 15 Tu saxuravis fenils zemoTaa

xis karkas. kedlis R-sid.:

R-13

R-13

masiuri kedlis R-sidide: R-5 iatakis R-sidide:

R-19

fuZis sarT. kedlis R-sid.: R-10 Tu uwyvetia, 13 qvabulSi arsebuli karkasisTvis

ar regulirdeba

filis R-sidide da siRrme: R-10@610mm R 7.5 gaTbobadTan, aragaTbobadTan (+R-5 Signidan ar regulirdeba gaTbobadi filebisTvis) gamouy. fuZis sarT. R-sid.: R-10 Tu uwyvetia, R-13 qvabulSi arsebuli karkasisTvis

ar regulirdeba

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 243

savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis energoefeqtianoba Semdegi savaldebulo moTxovnebi zemoqmedebs Senobis konvertis daproeqtebaze:

§502.4 haeris gaparvasTan dakavSirebuli savaldebulo moTxovnebi §502.4.1: awyobili fanjrebi da karebebi unda akmayofilebdes karebebisa da fanjrebis mwarmoeblebis mier gansazRvrul standartebs. adgilze agebuli fanjrebi da karebebi unda daigmanos §502.4.2-is moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

• Suasadebebi Sesasvlel karebebTan • Zraviani wevis regulatorebi haerSemomtan da haergamwov RiobebTan

§502.4.2: savaWro/komerciuli Senobis vitrina da gamWvirvale kedlebi (arastruqturuli gare kedlebi) da Riobebi unda akmayofilebdes ASTM E 283-is haeris gaparvasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs, 75 pa-ze Semowmebis dros. §502.4.3: Riobebi da gamWoli Riobebi Senobis konvertSi unda daigmanos sagmanavi masalebiT an Suasadebi sistemebiT samSeneblo masalebisa da mdebareobis Sesabamisad. sagmanavi masalebi unda daproeqtdes ise, rom darCes adgili samSeneblo masalebis gafarToebisa da SekumSvisaTvis. §504.2.4: garedan haeris Semomtani da gamwovi Riobebi, rogorebicaa: kibisa da liftis Saxtis sahaeroebi da sxva haerSemomtanebi, aRWurvili unda iyos araumcires I klasis Zraviani, wevis regulatorebiT, romelTa haeris gaparvis siCqarea 6,8 l/wm – C m2 1250 paskali wnevis pirobebSi. gravitaciuri wevis regulatorebi dasaSvebia gruntis niSnulidan sam sarTulze nakleb SenobebSi.

• atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcavi sagmanebi datvirTvis baqnebTan

§502.4.5: dasatvirT karebebsa da baqnebs unda hqondes atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcavi sagmanebi, romlebic zRudavs infiltracias im dros, roca satransporto saSualebebi dgas karis RiobSi, roca karebebi Riaa. §502.4.6: kondicirebuli da arakondicirebuli haeris Serevis Tavidan asacileblad, Sesasvlel karebebTan unda iyos SemozRuduli vestibiulebi, romlebic kondicirebul sivrces mijnavs eqsterierisgan. vestibiulebi ise unda daproeqtdes, rom saWiro ar iyos eqsterierisa da interieris karebebis gaReba erTdroulad. vestibiulebi aucilebeli ar aris zomieri klimatis zonebSi, rogorebicaa 1-eli da me-2 zona. §502.4.7: sacxovrebeli konstruqciisadmi moTxovnebis msgavsad, CaSenebuli gasanaTeblebi, romlebic damontaJebulia Senobis konvertis sazRvarze, SemozRuduli unda iyos TabaSiris filis SemomzRudaviT an dagmanuli unda iyos Sida sagmanebiT, SuasadebebiT an SemomzRudavebiT, rom SeizRudoshaerisgadaadgilebakondicirebul sivrcesa da Weris RrmulSi.

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•

SemozRuduli vestibiulebi

• karebebs Soris daculi unda iyos Tavisufali sivrce misadgomobisaTvis. ix. IBC-is Tavi 11.

savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis energoefeqtianoba §502.5 tenianobis savaldebulo kontroli karkasis yvela kedels, iataksa da Wers, romelic ar niavdeba, ris gamoc teni ar ganidevneba, unda hqondes orTqlis Semakavebeli, romlis mwarmoebluroba naklebia an tolia 5.7 x 10-11 kg/pa-wm-m2. orTqlis Semakavebeli unda damontaJdes izolaciis im mxares, romelic zamTarSi Tbilia. 1-el, me-2 da me-3 klimatur zonebSi mdebare Senobebs, sadac yinva ar daazianebs masalebs, da adgilebs, sadac daSvebuli saSualebebiT xdeba gauniavebel sivrceebSi kondensirebis Tavidan acileba, ar exeba es moTxovnebi.

â&#x20AC;˘

rogorc yvelganaa aRniSnuli, ventilaciisa da tenis barierebis uzrunvelyofasa da mdebareobas yuradReba unda mieqces yvela klimatur zonaSi. damproeqtebelma unda uzrunvelyos rogorc adeqvaturi ventilacia, ise sivrceebis tenis dagrovebisagan dacva energiis dazogvasTan erTad. rac ufro hermetuli xdeba Senobebi da haeris gacvla interiersa da eqsteriers Soris mcirdeba, miT met problemas xdis SenobaSi momwyvdeuli teni. amdenad, saWiroa am sakiTxis detaluri ganxilva.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY / 245

savaWro/komerciuli Senobebis energoefeqtianoba energo dazogvis kodi §505: savaldebulo eleqtro da ganaTebis sistemebi savaWro/komerciuli SenobebisaTvis ganaTebis kontrolis kriteriumebi gamomdinareobs iqidan, rom savaWro/komerciuli dawesebulebebis umetesoba, rogorebicaa: ofisebi da sacalo vaWrobis dawesebulebebi, ZiriTadad, dRis ganmavlobaSi an 24 saaTidan garkveul periodebSi funqcionirebs. ganaTebas unda hqondes CasarTvel-gamosarTveli, rom Semcirdes ganaTebis datvirTva daaxloebiT 50%-iT da, imavdroulad, SenarCundes erTgvarovani ganaTeba. aseve, eqsterieris ganaTebas, romelic ar aris gankuTvnili 24 saaTiani sargeblobisaTvis, unda hqondes gamosarTvelebi an saaTiT marTvadi sakontroleblebi. araumetes 100 vati eqsterieris naTurebis wyaro unda uzrunvelyofdes minimum 60 lumens erT vatze.

505.5.2 cxrilSi gansazRvrulia simZlavris donis kriteriumebi, romlebic gamomdinareobs Senobis sargeblobidan. magaliTad, saofise Senobis SemTxvevaSi, mTeli SenobisaTvis dasaSvebia 0,0929 m2-ze 1 vatis gamoyeneba Senobis interieris gasanaTeblad. Senobis gamoyenebuli nawili SeiZleba iyenebdes 0,0929 m2-ze 1,5 vats, Tu yvela sxva adgilas ganaTebis simZlavris doneebi ufro dabali iqneba imisaTvis, rom mTlianad Senoba akmayofilebdes SenobisaTvis gansazRvruli saerTo kriteriumebis ufro dabal maCveneblebs.

•

•

1.0 W/0.0929 m2 saSualo mTeli SenobisTvis

≤ 1.5 W/0.0929 m2 saijaro sivrceebisTvis

•

< 1.0 W/0.0929 m2 yvelgan

246 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

•

≤ 1.5 W/0.0929 m2 saijaro sivrceebisTvis

14 eqsterieris kedlebi saerTaSoriso samSeneblo kodis me-14 TavSi warmodgenilia moTxovnebi eqsterieris kedlebis mimarT, aseve, standartebi kedlis masalebisa da kedlis safarebisaTvis da iseTi komponentebisaTvis, rogorebicaa: fanjrebi, karebebi da gaformeba. am Tavis debulebebi ZiriTadad exeba atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan dacvasa da tenis kontrols. eqsterieris kedlebis ganmartebaSi ar igulisxmeba cecxlgamZle kedlebi, romelTaTvisac arsebobs damatebiTi cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi. kodis mizania, atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan dacvasTan da tenis kontrolTan dakavSirebulma moTxovnebma eqsterieris kedlebisadmi ar Seasustos kedlebis mTliani struqturuli mzidunarianobisa da cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebi. meores mxriv, kodis mizani ar aris, cecxlgamZle keldebs an struqturul mzid kedlebs ar hqondes atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegobis xarisxi. rogorc am Tavidan SevityobT, mizania atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegobis saSualebebi CaSendes eqsterieris kedlis sistemebSi da mzid kedlebs ar dasWirdes damatebiTi damcavi konverti, Tu isini daproeqtebulia, rogorc datvirTvismzidi, ise atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegi sistemebi.

eqsterieris kedlis konverti §1402

iTxovs, `eqsterieris kedlis konvertma~ daicvas Senobis struqturuli nawilebi, maT Soris, karkasi da garsamosi masalebi, aseve, kondicirebuli interieris sivrceebi daicvas eqsterieris garemos uaryofiTi efeqtebisagan.

•

ganmartebis Tanaxmad, nebismieri eqsterieris mzidi an aramzidi kedeli, romelic horizontalur sibrtyesTan qmnis 60° an met kuTxes, aris eqsterieris kedeli. ganmartebidan unda vigulisxmoT, rom nebismieri eqsterieris kedeli 60°-ze meti qanobiT, unda CaiTvalos saxuravad, Tumca me-15 TavSi ar aris saxuravis ganmarteba.

•

aseve sayuradReboa, rom cecxlgamZle kedlebi ar igulisxmeba eqsterieris kedlebis ganmartebaSi. cecxlgamZle kedlebi gansazRvrulia §702.1 nawilSi, rogorc cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone kedlebi daculi RiobebiT, romlebic vrceldeba fundamentidan saxuravamde an saxuravSi. amasTan, cecxlgamZle kedlebi gamZle unda iyos, rom ar Camoiqces kedlis romelime mxares arsebuli konstruqciis Camoqcevis SemTxvevaSi.

•

eqsterieris kedlis safarebi aris elementebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba eqsterieris kedlebis gareTa mxareebze da warmoadgens atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcav bariers, izolacias an aqvs esTetikuri daniSnuleba. amdenad, am safarebSi Sedis gare Sreebi, gare safarebi da eqsterieris izolacia da mosapirkeTebeli sistemebi.

•

gare Sreebi aris safarebi, romlebic mimagrebulia kedelze dacvis, izolaciis an dekoraciis mizniT, magram ara damatebiTi simtkicis uzrunvelsayofad. eqsterieris kedlis komponentebi moicavs: eqsterieris fanjrebsa da karebebs, arqiteqturul gaformebasa da aivnebs.

•

248 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

direqtiuli moTxovnebi §1403-Si gansazRvrulia Sesrulebaze orientirebuli kriteriumebi eqsterieris kedlebisTvis, kedlis safarebisa da komponentebisTvis.

atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan dacva §1403.2 gansazRvravs, rom Sesrulebaze orientirebuli ZiriTadi kriteriumebi eqsterieris kedlebisaTvis uzrunvelyofs eqsterieris kedlis konverts, romelic atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegia. amdenad, eqsterieris kedlis sistemebi unda daproeqtdes ise, rom eqsterieris gare SreebSi ver SeaRwios wyalma, wyali ar dagrovdes eqsterieris gare Sreebis ukan da uzrunvelyofili iyos tenis drenaJi, romelic iqneba im awyobili kedlis nawili, romelzec mimagrebulia eqsterieris gare Sreebi. sistemebma aseve unda daicvas awyobili kedlis SigniTa mxare kondensaciisagan, rogorc amas moiTxovs saerTaSoriso energo dazogvis kodi, romelic IBC-is calke dokumentia.

• gamonaklisi 1: atmosferuli zemoq-

medebisagan damcavi sistemebi saWiro ar aris, roca eqsterieris betonis kedlebi an eqsterieris qvis wyobis kedlebi daproeqtebulia me-19 da 21-e Tavebis Sesabamisad atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegobisaTvis.

• gamonaklisi 2: awyobili kedlebis drenaJisadmi moTxovnebi SeiZleba ar Sesruldes, roca awyobili konverti, maT Soris, gadabmebi, gamWoli Riobebi maT SdakveTis adgilebi Semowmebulia ASTM E 331-is Semowmebis procedurebis Sesabamisad. am Semowmebis ZiriTadi kriteriumebxmoiTxovs, rom Semowmdes kedlis 1219 × 2438 mm nawili. Sesamowmebel nawilSi unda Sediodes tipiuri Riobi, sakontrolo gadabma, kedlisa da naSveris urTierTgadakveTis adgili da kedlis erTi qveda zRudari. Semowmebisas simulirebuli unda iyos 0.297 kN/m2 wnevis diferencialebi da Semowmebis xangrZlivoba unda iyos minimum 2 saaTi. es kriteriumebi dawesebulia imisaTvis, rom Semowmdes, ramdenad uZlebs awyobili kedeli da TiToeuli misi nawili qarisgan motanili wvimis pirobebs simulaciur viTarebaSi, risi zemoqmedebis qveSac kedlebi realur pirobebSi aRmoCndebian. aseTi awyobili kedlis sistemebi, Cveulebriv, mowmdeba mwarmoeblis mier, TavianTi kedlis sistemebis atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegobis dadasturebisa da produqciis gamoyenebis stimulirebisaTvis.

• eqsterieris kedlis atmosferul zemoqmedebaze medegi safari

• hidroizolacia, romelic xels uSlis wylis gaJonvas Riobebisa da gamWoli Riobebis kuTxeebTan da gadabmebis adgilebSi

sxva moTxovnebi eqsterieris kedlebi proeqtdeba me-16 TavSi gansazRvrul struqturul datvirTvebze medegobisaTvis da akmayofilebs cecxlgamZleobisa da Riobebis dacvasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs, romlebic mocemulia me-7 TavSi. wyaldidobis safrTxis Semcvel farTobebze, §1612.3-is Sesabamisad, eqsterieris kedlebi, romlebic vrceldeba wyaldidobis saproeqto doneze qvemoT, unda uZlebdes wylisgan dazianebas. am zonebSi gamoyenebuli xis masala unda iyos wneviT damuSavebuli an bunebrivad lpobamedegi.

EXTERIOR WALLS / 249

kedlis masalebi §1403 da §1404 iTxovs, rom eqsterieris kedlebSi gamoyenebuli yvela masala unda akmayofilebdes 19-26 TavebSi gansazRvrul detalur debulebebs specifikuri masalebis Sesaxeb.

• • • • • • • • •

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betoni: Tavi 19 alumini: Tavi 20 aluminis gare safarebi unda akmayofilebdes AAMA 1402is moTxovnebs. qvis wyoba da mina-bloki: Tavi 21 foladi: Tavi 22 xis masala: Tavi 23 mina: Tavi 24 TabaSiris fila da plastamsi: Tavi 25 plastamsi: Tavi 26 vinilis gare safari unda akmayofilebdes ASTM D 3679-is moTxovnebs.

§1405.2-is moTxovniT, eqsterieris kedlis safarebi unda uzrunvelyofdes Senobis dacvas atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan. atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcavi safarebis minimaluri sisqe gansazRvrulia 1405.2 cxrilSi. am sisqeebis diapazonia 0,38 mm Txeli foladidan 66,67 mm mimagrebuli qvis wyobamde. minimaluri sisqeebi gamomdinareobs pirobiTi samSeneblo teqnikidan da realur pirobebSi am masalebis efeqtianobidan. esenia minimaluri da ara maqsimaluri sisqeebi. ufro sqeli asawyobi sistemebi an indiviadualuri komponentebi misaRebi unda iyos Sesabamisi uflebamosili organosaTvis, ramdenadac asawyobi sistemebi proeqtdeba ise, rom gauZlos safari masalebis wonas.

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• yvela kedels unda hqondes uwyveti wyalmedegi barieri, mimagrebuli eqsterieris kedlis gare mxareze, eqsterieris kedlis gare Sris ukan. dasaSvebi minimaluri barieri aris No. 15 ruberoidis erTi fena an misi eqvivalenti, romelic Seesabameba ASTM D 226-s, 1405.3-is Sesabamisi hidroizolaciiT. wyalmedegi barieri ar unda atarebdes eqsterieris safaris ukan SeRweul Txevad mdgomareobaSi myof wyals eqsterieris awyobil kedelSi.

• atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcavi saTanado sisqis foladisa da qvis safaris standartuli zomebis Sedareba.

kedlis safarebis damontaJeba hidroizolacia §1405.3 moiTxovs hidroizolaciis damontaJebas marjvniv warmodgenil ilustraciaSi naCveneb adgilebSi tenis SeRwevis Tavidan asacileblad. magaliTebis nusxis mizania, rom hidroizolacia uzrunvelyofili iyos nebismier pirobebSi, sadac is xels SeuSlis tenis SeRwevas struqturaSi.

• sakvamurebis an sxva karkasis an qvis wyobis an mobaTqaSebul kedlebTan gadakveTis adgilebSi, Suasadebebi gamoSverili unda iyos orive mxares, saxuravis damamTavrebeli fenis qvemoT • kedlisa da saxuravis gadakveTis adgilas, safexurovani hidroizolaciis meTodiT

• CaSenebul naJuri wylis RarebTan

• kedlis damamTavrebeli qvis, xis an liTonis fenis (qanobiani an brtyeli zedapiriT) qveS.

• xis uwyveti horizontaluri gaformebis Tavze

• eqsterieris fanjrisa da karis Riobebis Ziri da gverdebi

• hidroizolacia aseve unda damontaJdes kedlis koWis budeebSi an dacilebebSi/ napralebSi, sadac SeiZleba teni dagrovdes.

• hidroizolacia aseve unda damontaJdes qvis wyobis kedlebis safiltracio xvrelebis gaswvriv, mopirkeTebuli gruntis niSnulis zemoT pirvel rigTan da sayrden wertilebTan, rogorebicaa: iatakebi, kuTxovani Taroebi da zRudarebi.

• eqsterieris kedlebisa da portikebisa da terasebis gadakveTis adgilebSi uwyvetad

EXTERIOR WALLS / 251

kedlis safaris damontaJeba xis gare Sreebi §1405.4-Si aRwerilia moTxovnebi xis gare Sreebis dasamontaJeblad. miuxedavad 1405.2 cxrilis moTxovnebisa, romlebic exeba atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcavi safarebis minimalur sisqes, I, II, III da IV tipis konstruqciaSi gamoyenebuli xis gare Sreebis sisqe unda Seesabamebodes §1405.4-s.

• xis gare Sris nominaluri sisqe unda iyos 25,4 mm, cxrilSi gansazRvruli 12,7 mm-is nacvlad.

• magari merqan-boWkovani filis gare safari unda iyos 11,1 mm, cxrilSi gansazRvruli 6,4 mm-is nacvlad.

• xis struqturuli panelebi unda iyos 9,5 mm sisqis, cxrilSi gansazRvruli 8 mm-is nacvlad.

xis gare Sris zoma aseve SezRudulia V tipisgan gansxvavebul konstruqciaSi. moTxovnebSi ar aris gamonaklisebi da yvela unda Sesruldes, am tipis konstruqciaSi xis gare Sreebis gamoyenebis dros. moTxovnebi Semdegia: 1. gare Sre ar SeiZleba aRematebodes sam sarTuls simaRleSi, oTxi sarTuli aris zRvari, Tu cecxlgamZleobisTvis damuSavebuli xis masalaa gamoyenebuli.

2. xis masalis qvesadebi aris arawvadi, romlis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti gansazRvrulia kodis Sesabamisad.

3. damaluli sivrceebis armqone Ria an dacilebuli xis gare Sreebi ar unda iyos Senobis kedlidan gamoSverili 610 mm-ze metad. §1406-Si gansazRvruli eqsterieris kedlebis wvadi masalebis Sesaxeb saubaria cota qvemoT.

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kedlis safarebis damontaJeba mimagrebuli qvis wyobis gare Sre §1405.5 -Si aRwerilia specifikuri moTxovnebi misamagrebeli safarebis, iqneba es qvis wyobis, qvisa Tu terakotis, gamoyenebisaTvis. es debulebebi exeba masalebs, romlebic mimagrebulia ukan mdebare masalebze meqanikuri damWerebis saSualebiT. isini gansxvavdeba misawebebeli safarebisagan, romlebic magrdeba ukan mdebare masalebze weboebis saSualebiT. es moTxovnebi, masalebis mixedviT, iyofa calkeul nawilebad. §1405.5 aseve moiTxovs, rom samagrebiT mimagrebuli qvis wyobis safarebi Seesabamebodes amerikis betonis institutis standartebs, romlebic mocemulia ACI 530-is 6.1 da 6.2 nawilebSi, Tumca teqstSi es moTxovnebi gamoiyeneba ramdenime tipis safarTan: qvis wyobasTan, qvasTan, filis tipTan da terakotasTan.

• qvis wyobis ukana betonis kedeli • gare Sre, qvis wyobis • galvanizebuli samagrebi Tavsdeba gadabmis Camagrebis centridan maqsimum 610 mm horizontaluri daSorebiT da iWers araumetes 0,2 m2 safars.

• msubuqi liTonkonstruqciis dgarebi • gare Sre, qvis wyobis • 25.4 mm sivrce, Sevsebuli duRabiT • mavTuliT damagreba • wyalgaumtari samSeneblo qaRaldi • galvanizebuli gofrirebuli samagrebi, Caxraxnili dgarebSi

EXTERIOR WALLS / 253

kedlis safarebis damontaJeba qvis gare Sre §1405.6 moiTxovs, 254 mm-mde sisqis qvis gare Sris filebi mimagrdes qvis wyobaze, qvis an xis konstruqciaze qvemoT warmodgenili erT-erTi meTodiT. meTodis arCeva damokidebulia gare Sris ukan arsebuli sistemis struqturaze: 1. gare Sris ukan betonis an qvis wyobaze mimagrebuli samagri ankerebi iseTi zomisa unda iyos da iseTi daSorebebiT unda ganTavsdes, rogorc ilustraciazea naCvenebi. es samagri ankerebi unda ganTavsdes duRabis gadabmebSi imgvarad, rom TiToeuli maTgani iWerdes kedlis 0,2 m2-s. amasTan, roca duRabis gadabmebSi moTavsebuli samagri ankerebi mimagrebulia gare Sris ukana nawilze meqanikuri damWerebiT, ukana nawilsa da qvis gare Sres Soris minimum 25,4 mm-ze uwyvetad unda Caisxas Txeli duRabi.

2. gare Sris ukana dgarebze mavTulis bade da samSeneblo qaRaldi unda damagrdes lusmnebiT, ilustraciaze naCvenebi meTodiT. gare Sris ukan betonis an qvis wyobaze mimagrebuli samagri ankerebis msgavsi samagrebi unda damontaJdes duRabis gadabmebSi da mimagrdes gare Sris ukana nawilze, rom TiToeuli maTgani iWerdes kedlis 0,2 m2-s. am SemTxvevaSi, aseve, unda gamoiyenebodes minimum 25,4 mm Txeli duRabis fena ukana nawilsa da qvis gare Sres Soris arsebuli Rrmulis amosavsebad.

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254 mm-mde sisqis qvis gare Sre

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ukana kedeli, betonis an qvis wyobis

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2,68 mm mavTulis koroziamedegi samagri ankerebi an daSvebuli eqvivalenti

•

minimum 25,4 mm Txeli duRabis fena

vertikaluri Wrili

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araumcires 152 mm fexebiani, marTi kuTxiT moRunuli samagri ankerebi, ganTavsebuli duRabis gadabmaSi da vertikalurad da horizontalurad maqsimum 305 mm-iT daSorebuli.

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araumcires 381 mm fexiani mavTulis samagri, gaRunuli ise, rom moTavsdes qvis safaris duRabis gadabmaSi. mavTulis fexis bolo 51 mm gaRunuli marTi kuTxiT.

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horizontaluri Wrili

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xis an liTonis ukana dgarebi, centridan 406 mm-ze

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51 × 51 mm 1.59 mm diametris koroziamedegi mavTulis bade, mimagrebuli 51 mm sigrZis koroziamedegi foladis mavTulis sabaTqaSe lursmniT centridan 102 mm-ze dgarze da 8 d Cveulebrivi lursmnebiT centridan 203 mm-ze zeviT da qveviT dgarze.

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wyalgaumtari qaRaldis qvesagebis ori fena

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2,68 mm koroziamedegi mavTulis erTi samagri yoveli 0,2 m2-Tvis, romelic maryuJiTaa damagrebuli mavTulis badeze da fexebi Camagrebuli aqvs qvis safaris duRabis gadabmaSi, rogorc naCvenebia zemoT ilustraciaze

vertikaluri Wrili

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kedlis safarebis damontaJeba filis tipis gare Sre §1405.7 exeba marmarilos, travertinis, granitis da sxva qvis gare Sreebs, romelTac filis forma aqvT. am filebis sisqe ar unda aRematebodes 51 mm-s da unda mimagrdes pirdapir ukana betonze an qvis wyobaze, an xis an liTonis dgarze. narandebi unda ganTavsdes filis siRrmis Sua mesamedamde, maqsimum 610 mm-is daSorebiT, erT filaze minimum 4 cali. filebis farTobi ar unda aRematebodes 1,9 m2-s. isini ukana masalaze unda mimagrdes iseTi zomisa da daSorebis mqone mavTulis samagrebiT, romlebic gauZlebs mimagrebuli gare Sris wonaze orjer met gaWimvis an SekumSvis Zalas.

• filis tipis gare Sris erTeulebi, araumetes 51 mm sisqisa

• qvis wyobis, betonis an dgaris konstruqcia

• koroziamedegi narandebi viwro naburR xvrelebSi erTeulebis kididan Sua mesamedamde, centridan 610 mm-iT daSorebuli, TiToeuli erTeulis perimetris gaswvriv; erT erTeulze araumcires oTxi narandi • gare Sris koroziamedegi liTonis

samagrebi ar unda iyos 0.853 × 25.4 mm-ze naklebi kveTis an misi diametri 3,76 mm mavTulisaze patara

terakota §1405.8-is moTxovniT, terakotas gare Sre unda mimagrdes filis gare Sris msgavsad. terakota unda iyos minimum 41 mm sisqis da unda hqondes centridan 203 mm-iT gamoSverili (mercxlis kudis formis) daqselili Casamagreblebi. liTonis ankerebi unda ganTavsdes 305-dan 457 mmmde daSorebiT erTeulebis gadabmebSi da mimagrdes ukana masalebze grafitis fanqris sisqis armaturebis saSualebiT, romlebic gaivlis mavTulis samagrebis yulfebSi da CaduRabdeba 51 mm sisqis Txel duRabSi.

• qvis wyobis, betonis an dgaris konstruqcia

• terakota an keramikuli erTeulebi araumcires 41 mm sisqisa

• gamoSverili

daqselili Casamagreblebi, centridan daSorebuli daaxloebiT 203 mm-iT

• araumcires No. 8 kalibris koroziamedegi liTonis ankerebi, damontaJebuli TiToeuli nawilis/erTeulis TavSi horizontalur nakerSi centridan 305-457 mm-is daSorebiT

• 6,4 mm koroziamedegi grafitis fanqris sisqis armaturebi, romlebic mimagrebulia ukana konstruqciaze vertikalurad Camagrebuli ankerebiT

• minimum 51 mm sivrce, mTlianad amovsebuli portland cementis Txeli duRabiT da wvrilmarcvlovani RorRiT

EXTERIOR WALLS / 255

kedlis safarebis damontaJeba misawebebeli gare Sre, qvis wyobis §1405.9-is Sesabamisad, misawebebel qvis wyobis gare Sris erTeulebi ukana fuZefenaze unda ganTavsdes SemakavSirebeli masalebis miwebebiT. eqsterierze miwebebis mimarT moTxovnebi, romlebic Sesuli iyo IBC-is 2000 wlis gamocemaSi, kodidan amoRebulia. am nawilSi aris gadamisamarTeba momdevno nawilze, romelic mxolod interieris gare Sres exeba. §1405.9.1 exeba mxolod interieris qvis wyobis gare Sreebis damontaJebas, romelic unda akmayofilebdes iseTive moTxovnebs da iwonides araumetes 0,958 kg-s kvadratul metrze. sadac eyrdnoba xis karkass, sayrdeni elementebis daxriloba ar unda aRematebodes sayrdeni elementebis malis 1/600-s.

• misawebebeli masalis Zvramedegoba unda iyos minimum 0,34 MPa.

• interieris qvis wyobis gare Sreebis maqsimaluri wona unda iyos 0.958 kg/m2.

• xis konstruqciis sayrdeni elementebi ise unda daproeqtdes, rom gadaxra SeizRudos sayrdeni elementebis 1/600 malamde.

liTonis gare Sreebi §1405.10 moiTxovs, rom liTonis gare Sre unda iyos arakoroziuli masalis an dafaruli unda iyos antikoroziuli SriT, rogoricaa minanqari. liTonis safari ukana konstruqciaze unda mimagrdes koroziamedegi damWerebiT. liTonis gare Sris xis sayrdenebi unda iyos wneviT damuSavebuli xis masalis. tenis SeRwevis Tavidan asacileblad nakerebi unda daigmanos. ukana qvis wyoba saWiro ar aris liTonis gare SrisaTvis, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca kodis sxva nawilebi moiTxovs mis aucileblobas cecxlgamZleobis misaRwevad.

• atmosferuli zemoqmedebis qveS myofi gadabmebi da kideebi unda daigmanos an sxvagvarad iqnas daculi tenis SeRwevisagan.

• eqsterieris liTonis gare Sre daculi unda iyos saRebaviT, galvanizebiT an eqvivalenturi SriT an damuSavebiT.

• xis dgarebi, Zelebi an sayrdenebi unda iyos wneviT damuSavebuli xis masalis an daculi §1403.2-is Sesabamisad.

• koroziamedegi damWerebi, centridan vertikaluri da horizontaluri mimarTulebiT daSorebuli araumetes 610 mm-iT

• 0,4 m2-ze didi farTobis erTeulebs unda hqondes araumcires oTxi mimagreba TiTo erTeulisTvis

• ukana qvis wyoba saWiro ar aris, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca aucilebelia cecxlgamZleobis moTxovnebis Sesruleba.

• liTonis gare Srian kedlebs unda

hqondes IBC-is 27-e TavSi da ICC-is eleqtro kodSi gansazRvruli damiweba elvisagan da eleqtro muxtebisgan dasacavad.

256 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

kedlis safarebis damontaJeba minis gare Sreebi

• eqsterieris struqturuli Txeli minis safaris erTi nawilis farTobi izRudeba 0,93 m2-mde, roca mdebareobs araumetes 4572 mm-ze gruntis niSnulidan an uSualod mis qvemoTYmdebare trotuaridan, da 0,56 m2-mde, roca mdebareobs am simaRleze zemoT.

§1405.11-is mixedviT, eqsterieris struqturuli minis Txel gare Sred daSvebulia minis panelebis gamoyeneba. aseTi minis nawilebi, gamoyenebuli, rogorc mopirkeTeba da ara rogorc Riobis Seminva, ar unda iyos 0,93 m2-ze didi farTobis 4572 mm-iT zemoT gruntis niSnulidan da ar unda iyos 0,56 m2-ze didi am simaRlis zemoT. mina unda miwebdes fuZe-fenaze misawebebeli masaliT, romelic efeqturad dagmanavs qvesageb zedapirs. amasTan, minis zedapiris minimum 50% unda damuSavdes cementiani mastikiT, rom miwebdes pirdapir qvesagebze. sadac minis safari montaJdeba trotuaris donesTan, is momijnave trotuaris safaridan 6,4 mm-iT zemoT unda iyos da am SemTxvevaSi warmoqmnili gadabmis adgili daigmanos ise, rom wyalma ver SeaRwios. gruntis niSnulidan 914 mm-ze maRla mdebareobis SemTxvevaSi, minis erTeulebi unda daeyrdnos kuTxovan Taroebs. 3658 mm-ze maRla damontaJebis dros, aucilebeli misawebebeli mastikiTa da kuTxovani TaroebiT damagrebasTan erTad, minis erTeulebi damWerebiT unda mimagrdes yvela vertikalur da horizontalur kideze. minis panelebis kideebi unda iyos mimagrebisaTvis brtyeli da unda hqondes hidroizolacia zemoqmedebis qveS myof kideebTan.

• nebismieri nawilis sigrZe an simaRle izRudeba 1219 mm-mde. arcerTi nawilis sisqe ar unda iyos 8,7 mm-ze naklebi.

• qvesagebze Tanabrad ganTavsebuli misakvreli fena zedapiris efeqtianad dasagmanad.

• TiToeuli minis erTeulis minimum 50% unda miekras qvesagebs 6,4mm-dan 15,9 mm-mde sisqis cementiani mastikiT. • zemoqmedebis qveS myof kideebTan unda damontaJdes pirgadadebuli koroziamedegi liTonis hidroizolacia da daigmanos wyalgaumtari naerTiT.

• trotuaris doneze damontaJebuli minis safari unda ijdes liTonis yalibSi da mdebareobdes momijnave trotuaris safaris yvelaze maRali wertilidan 6,4 mm-is zemoT. • aseT dros warmoqmnili gadabma unda daigmanos ise, rom wyalma ver SeaRwios.

vinilis gare safari karebebi, fanjrebi da mza sagnebi, rogoricaa vinilis gare safari, unda damontaJdes mwarmoeblis instruqciebis Sesabamisad. es instruqciebi, Cveulebriv, moicavs informacias damproeqteblis, Sesabamisi uflebamosili organosa da memontaJis/dammontaJeblis mier damWerebisa da hidroizolaciis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. damagrebebi unda Sesruldes koroziamedegi damWerebiT. damagrebebi unda Seesabamebodes qarisa da seismo kriteriumebs, romlebic gansazRvrulia kodis struqturisadmi moTxovnebSi an mwarmoeblis samontaJo instruqciebSi im farTobisaTvis, sadac unda moxdes damontaJeba.

donidan 3657 mm-ze maRla • trotuaris damontaJebis dros, minis erTeulebis

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•

• •

dasamagreblad, aucilebeli cementiani mastikiTa da kuTxovani TaroebiT damagrebasTan erTad, gamoyenebuli unda iqnas damWerebiT damagrebis meTodi yvela vertikalur da horizontalur kideze. trotuaris donidan 914 mm-ze zemoT mdebare minis erTeuli unda eyrdnobodes ararkinovani (araorvalentiani rkinis Semcveli) liTonis kuTxovan Taroebs, romelTa sisqe araumcires 1,2 mm-ia da sigrZe 51 mm. aranakleb ori kuTxovani Taro TiTo minis erTeulisTvis, mimagrebuli qvesadebze gafarToebadi WanWikebiT an yuriani/gasaxsneliani WanWikebiT. minis erTeulebis mimagrebisaTvis brtyeli kideebi, romlebzec wasmulia SemaerTebeli naerTi. horizontaluri gadabmebi, Sesrulebuli araumcires 1,6 mm-Si rbili/elastiuri/arauxeSi nivTierebiT an meTodiT.

EXTERIOR WALLS / 257

wvadi masalebi eqsterieris kedlebis eqsterieris mxares §1406 exeba mxolod samSeneblo masalebs, magram aseve danamatebs, romlebic gamoSverilia eqsterieris kedlis sibrtyidan. aseTi danamatebia aivnebi, zeda da qveda sarTulebis erkerebi. am SemTxvevaSi gamoyenebuli plastmasebis kriteriumebi mocemulia 26-e TavSi. eqsterieris masalebis aalebaze medegobis kriteriumebi mocemulia NFPA 268-Si. Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rom §1406.2.1-is gamonaklisebi moicavs iseT did farTobebs, romlebsac, xSir SemTxvevaSi, ar exeba NFPA 268is kriteriumebi. es gamonaklisebia: xis masala an xis bazaze Seqmnili produqcia, wvadi masalebi (vinilis gare safaris garda) da minimum 0,48 mm sisqis alumini da V tipis konstruqciis eqsterieris kedlebze gamoyenebuli masalebi. amdenad, es moTxovnebi exeba konstruqciis klasebs, romlebic gansxvavdeba V tipisgan. aRsaniSnavia, rom gamoricxulia xis masala, vinaidan es aris masala, romlis mixedviTac izomeba wvadunarianoba.

• gamosxivebuli simxurvalis amtanobis SefardebiTi done. rac metia amtanoba, miT axlos SeiZleba ganTavsdes masala miwis nakveTis sazRvarTan.

• 1524 mm-ze eqsterieris masala ar unda aaldes 12.5 kvt/m2 gamosxivebuli Tboenergiis zemoqmedebiT. gamosxivebuli simxurvalis ufro didi amtanoba gamosxivebuli simxurvalis energia

cxrili 1406.2.1.2 gviCvenebs kavSirs wvad safarebsa da cecxlgamyof manZils (miwis nakveTis sazRvridan) Soris. roca mdebareobs 1524 mm-ze axlos miwis nakveTis sazRvarTan, masalebi (romlebic ar Sedis gamonaklisebSi) ar unda amJRavnebdes NFPA 269-is Sesabamis Zlier aalebadunarianobas. miwis nakveTis sazRvramde manZilis gazrdasTan erTad, mcirdeba gamosxivebuli siTburi energiis nakadi. amdenad, siTbos zemoqmedeba masalebze mcirdeba manZiliT da masalis tipebiT, romelTa Zlieri aalebadunarianobis maCvenebeli ar izrdeba.

gamosxivebuli simxurvalis ufro mcire amtanoba

• ramdenadac izrdeba cecxlgamyofi manZili, imdenad mcirdeba damatebiTi gamosxivebuli Tboenergiis done. manZili

arqiteqturuli gaformeba arqiteqturuli gaformeba da iseTi nawilebi, rogoricaa aivnebi, SeiZleba iyos xis masalis, rodesac daSvebulia §1406.3-is mixedviT I, II, III da IV tipis konstruqciis SenobebSi, Tu Senobebis simaRle sam sarTulze an 12 192 mm-ze naklebia. sadac aseTi Senobebi miwis nakveTis sazRvridan 1524 mm-ze axlos mdrebareobs, eqsterieris kedlis araumetes 10% SeiZleba iyos wvadi masalebis, Tu gamoyenebuli ar aris cecxlgamZleobisaTvis damuSavebuli xis masala. sadac aseTi morTuloba mdebareobs niSnulidan 12 192 mm-ze maRla, isini unda iyos arawvadi masalebis da mimagrebuli unda iyos arawvadi damWerebiT.

• niSnulidan 12 192 mm-ze maRla mdebare arqiteqturuli gaformeba unda aigos arawvadi masalebiT da damagrdes liTonis an sxva daSvebuli arawvadi kronStainebiT.

• eqsterieris kedlis safarebi SeiZleba aigos xis masaliT an sxva eqvivalenturi wvadi masaliT I, II, III da IV tipis konstruqciis SenobebSi, romelTa simaRle ar aRemateba sam sarTuls an 12 192 mm-s.

• sadac cecxlgamyofi manZili naklebia 1524 mm-ze, eqsterieris kedlis wvadi safari, garda cecxlgamZleobisaTvis damuSavebuli xis masalisa, ar unda aRematebodes eqsterieris kedlis zedapiris 10%-s.

• sakuTrebis sazRvari 258 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

wvadi masalebi eqsterieris kedlebis eqsterieris mxares cecxlis dablokva roca kedlis wvadi safarebi kedlidan dacilebulia da qmnis myar zedapirs, §1406.2.4-is moTxovniT, safaris ukan unda iyos sivrce, romelic ar unda aRematebodes 41 mm-s da sivrceSi unda iyos §717-is Sesabamisi cecxlis damblokveli ise, rom Ria sivrce ar aRematebodes 9,3 m2-s. aRsaniSnavia, rom §1405.4-is me-3 gamonalisi uSvebs, Ria an daxuruli safarebi ukana kedlidan gamoSverili iyos 610 mm-mde. cecxlis damblokveli SeiZleba ar damontaJdes garkveul SemTxvevebSi, magram gamocdileba gviCvenebs, rom TiTqmis yvela situaciaSi, sadac SesaZlebelia, sasurvelia misi arseboba.

• maqsimum 41 mm eqsterieris kedlis safaris ukana mxaresa da kedels Soris.

• §717-is Sesabamisi cecxlis damblokveli 9,3 m2 Ria sivrciT.

• cecxlis damblokveli saWiro ar aris, sadac eqsterieris kedlis safari damontaJebulia arawvad karkasze da damalul sivrcesTan eqsterieris kedeli mopirkeTebulia aluminiT, koroziamedegi foladiT an sxva daSvebuli arawvadi masaliT.

• aivnebis gaerTianebuli sigrZe ar unda aRematebodes Senobis perimetris 50%-s TiToeul iatakze.

aivnebi da msgavsi naSverebi §1406.3 moiTxovs, rom aivnebi akmayofilebdes 601-e cxrilis moTxovnebs iatakis konstruqciis mimarT an iyos IV tipis konstruqcia. aivnebis mTliani sigrZe ar unda aRematebodes Senobis perimetris 50%-s TiToeul iatakze. es yvela tipis konstruqcias exeba. gamonaklisebs am SemTxvevaSic mniSvnelovani gavlena aqvs imaze, Tu rogor gamoviyenebT am nawils praqtikaSi. es gamonaklisebia: 1. I an II tipis konstruqciis Senobebze, romelTa simaRle sami sarTuli an naklebia, cecxlgamZleobisTvis damuSavebuli xis masala SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas iseTi elementebisTvis, rogoricaa aivnebi an eqsterieris kibeebi, romlebic ar gamoiyeneba, rogorc aucilebeli gasasvlelebi.

2. daumuSavebeli xis masalis gamoyeneba SeiZleba moajiris Tamasebad da relsebad, romlebic 1067 mm-mde simaRlisaa.

3. III, IV an V tipis konstruqciis Senobebis aivnebi da msgavsi danamatebi SeiZleba iyos V tipis konstruqcia. aseve, xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemebi SeiZleba Seicvalos cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebiT, roca saSxefebeli sistemebi vrceldeba am farTobebze.

• cecxlgamZleobisTvis damuSavebuli xis masalis gamoyeneba dasaSvebia aivnebze, terasebsa da portikebze I da II tipis konstruqciis SenobebSi, romelTa simaRle naklebia an tolia sami sarTulis.

• III, IV da V tipis konstruqciis Senobebis aivnebi da msgavsi danamatebi SeiZleba iyos V tipis konstruqciis.

EXTERIOR WALLS / 259

liTonSemcveli masalebi liTonSemcveli masalebi (MCM) axladganviTarebuli tipis mosapirkeTebeli masalaa eqsterierisaTvis, romlebic Sedgeba liTonis safarisa da plastmasis gulebisgan. es masalebi regulirdeba orgvarad, rogorc eqsterieris mosapirkeTebeli masala §1407-is mixedviT da rogorc plastmasi, 26-e Tavis mixedviT. isini unda akmayofilebdes wyalmedegobasa da gamZleobasTan dakavSirebul yvela kriteriums, romlebic mocemulia am TavSi sxva mosapirkeTebeli masalebisaTvis. maTi damontaJeba cecxlganZleobis koeficientis mqone konstruqciaSi kontroldeba SemowmebiT da kvamlis ganviTarebis monacemebis dadasturebiT. §14107.10-is mixedviT, arsebobs am sistemebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebuli SezRudvebi I, II, III da IV tipis konstruqciebSi. am masalis gamoyeneba regulirdeba SemowmebebiT da individualuri masalebis daSvebiT. es Semowmebebi da daSvebebi unda ganixilebodes eqsterieris SemomzRudavis zogadi tipebisaTvis arsebuli detaluri moTxovnebis fonze. axali masalebis Semowmebisa da daSvebis dros, isini unda Seedaros kodis moTxovnebs da ganisazRvros maTi damontaJebis detaluri moTxovnebi. ilustraciaze naCvenebia eqsterieris liTonSemcveli masalis (MCM) awyobili sistemis tipiuri magaliTi. iseTi inovaciuri masalebis warmatebuli damontaJeba, rogoricaa liTonSemcveli masalebi (MCM), damokidebulia mwarmoeblis rekomendaciebis zedmiwevniT Sesrulebaze. es sxva inovaciebis SemTxvevaSic asea. kodi cdilobs, MCM-ebis Sesaqmnelad gamoiyenos axali masalebi da msgavsi masalebis awyobis axali meTodebi, rogoricaa aluminisa da plastmasis kompozitebi. Cveulebriv, inovaciebi win uswrebs kodis ganviTarebas, amdenad, aseTi inovaciuri masalebi SenobebSi unda gamoiyenebodes mwarmoeblebis monacemebisa da Sesabamisi uflebamosili organos konsultaciebis Sesabamisad.

260 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

• §1407.10.1-is mixedviT, liTonSemcveli masalebis sistemis zedapiris wvis Taviseburebebi iseTi unda iyos, rom maTi alis gavrcelebis indeqsi ar aRematebodes 25-s, xolo kvamlis ganviTarebis indeqsi - 450-s, ASTM E84-is mixedviT Semowmebis dros.

• §1407.10.2-is mixedviT, TabaSiris kedlis Termuli barieri aucilebelia awyobili sistemebis qveS eqsterierze gavrcelebuli cecxlis simxurvalis SenobaSi gadacemis SesazRudad.

Tumca, §1407.10.3 -is mixedviT, es barieri aucilebeli ar aris, roca testis monacemebi srulmasStabian awyobil sistemebze, romlebic masalis gadabmebisa da sisqeebis realuri samontaJo pirobebis simulaciuria, barieris amoRebis saSualebas iZleva.

≤ 12 192 mm

liTonSemcveli masalebi

• §1407.11.1is mixedviT, ar aris saWiro, MCM sistemebi akmayofilebdes §1407.10is konstruqciasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs, roca isini damontaJebulia 12 190 mm simaRleze dabla garkveul pirobebSi.

• roca aseTi montaJebis cecxlgamyofi

≤ 12 192 mm

manZili naklebia an tolia 1524 mm-is, maSin MCM-is farTobi ar unda aRematebodes eqsterieris kedlis zedapiris 10 procents. aq ar aris naTqvami, magram Cans, rom es SezRudva exeba kedels, roca cecxlgamyofi manZili SezRudulia. §1407.11.2 uSvebs SeuzRudavi farTobebis nebismier MCM-s 12 192 mm simaRlisaTvis, roca cecxlgamyofi manZili 1524 mm-ze metia.

• ≤ 1524 mm • sakuTrebis sazRvari

≤ 15 240 mm

• §1407.11.2.1-is mixedviT, 15 240 mm simaRleze maRla SeiZleba damontaJdes masalebi, romelTa TviTaalebis temperatura tolia an metia 3430˚C-is. aRsaniSnavia, rom es moTxovna naklebad mkacria, vidre §1407.10.1-is zogadi moTxovna.

• §1407.11.2.2-is

•

27.9 m2 maqs. MCM

mixedviT, MCMis nawilebis farTobi, romlebic montaJdeba 15 240 mm simaRlemde SezRudviT, ar unda aRematebodes 27,9 m2-s da gamijnuli unda iyos vertikalurad minimum 1219 mm-iT.

sistemebi

• 1219 mm minimum

• §1407.12 -is mixedviT, MCM SeiZleba damontaJdes V tipis konstruqciaSi da kodis es nawili ar iTvaliswinebs raime SezRudvebs.

EXTERIOR WALLS / 261

15 awyobili saxuravebi saerTaSoriso samSeneblo kodis me-15 Tavi gansazRvravs moTxovnebs Senobebis asawyobi saxuravebis daproeqtebisa da agebisaTvis, aseve, saxuravze ganTavsebuli an Senobis saxuravebidan gamoSverili struqturebisaTvis. ยง1502-Si Sedis ganmartebebi, romlebic aRwers gadaxurvis sxvadasxva tipebs. am TavSi, saxuravis safarebTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebTan erTad, ilustrirebulia yvelaze gavrcelebuli tipebi.

saerTo moTxovnebi `awyobili saxuravi~ moicavs atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan damcav elementebs da saxuravis saproeqto datvirTvebze medeg elementebs. aseTi awyobili sistemebi Sedgeba ramdenime elementisgan. isini SeiZleba gaerTiandes garkveul sistemebSi an sxvadasxva rigiT aiwyos Senobis Signidan gareTken, magram sistemebi unda asrulebdes TiToeuli calkeuli CamoTvlili elementis funqciebs. ilustraciaze naCvenebia awyobili saxuravi integrirebuli Camagrebuli izolaciiT:

• • • • • •

saxuravis fenili orTqlis Semakavebeli fuZe-fena an Termuli barieri izolacia orTqlis Semakavebeli (naxsenebia orjer `awyobili saxuravebi~ §1502 ganmartebis teqstSi) saxuravis safari

• minimaluri qanobi dasaSvebia qvanaxSiris kupris gamoyenebiT awyobili saxuravebisTvis, romlebic SeiZleba damontaJdes 1%-iani qanobiT (1/8 vertikaluri erTeuli 12 erTeulze).

Cveulebriv, girCevT, daamontaJoT saxuravebis minimum 2%-iani (1/4 vertikaluri erTeuli 12 erTeulze) diagonaluri zedapiris mqone qanobi.

• saxuravebis

mraval drenaJiani qanobebidan, anu bevri maRali da dabali wertiliT, minimaluri qanobebi unda gaizomos saxuravis yvelaze dabali qanobis zedapirze. Cveulebriv, es xdeba ori qanobis diagonaluri gadakveTis adgilas.

minimaluri qanobi gadaxurvis kriteriumebi moicavs minimalur qanobTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs, saxuravis sxvadasxva safarebis damontaJebisaTvis. gadaxurvisaTvis ar gamoiyeneba absoluturad horizontaluri zedapiri.

atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan dacva §1503-Si mocemuli zogadi kriteriumebi moiTxovs, rom gadasaxuri masalebi da asawyobi sistemebi damontaJdes kodis moTxovnebisa da mwarmoeblebis rekomendaciebis Sesabamisad.

• hidroizolacia da qvesagebi fenebi

• Tu minimalur qanobebs gavzomavT gadamkveTi qanobebis vardnis xazis gaswvriv, saxuravis geometria gvkarnaxobs, rom ufro grZeli gadakveTis qanobi dasaSveb minimumze naklebi iqneba. amgvari ram Tavidan unda aviciloT.

• hidroizolacia unda damontaJdes ked-

lisa da saxuravis gadakveTis adgilebSi, naJuri wylis RarebTan, saxuravis qanobis an mimarTulebis Secvlis adgilebSi da saxuravis Riobebis garSemo. sadac hidroizolacia liTonisaa, liToni unda iyos koroziamedegi da araumcires 0,483 mm sisqis, rac No. 26 galvanizebuli liTonis furclis eqvivalenturia.

unda damontaJdes mWidro atmosferuli zemoqmedebis mimarT medegi safarebis uzrunvelsayofad da nakerebis an Senobis elementebis gadakveTis adgilebSi tenis SeRwevisagan kedlis dasacavad.

• drenaJi unda damontaJdes saerTaSoriso milgayvanilobis kodis Sesabamisad.

• Rarebi da drenaJebi unda damontaJdes • awyobil saxuravebSi sxvenis sivrceebi unda niavdebodes §1203.2-is moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.

• parapetis kedlebis zeda zedapirebi unda daifaros arawvadi, atmosferuli zemoqmedebis mimarT medegi masalebiT. am masalebis (Cveulebriv, furclovani liToni) sigane ar unda iyos parapetis siganeze naklebi.

264 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saxuravidan wylis asarineblad da dagubebisa da Jonvis Tavidan asacileblad. Rarebi Senobebis gareT, kerZo garaJebis, R-3 jgufis gamoyenebebis an ara V tipis konstruqciis Senobebis garda, unda iyos arawvadi konstruqciis an minimum 40 zomis plastmasis mili.

saerTo moTxovnebi Sesrulebaze orientirebuli moTxovnebi §1504 moiTxovs, gadaxurva kargad mimagrdes Senobaze qarisgan dazianebis Tavidan asacileblad. saxuravebi unda uZlebdes qarismier datvirTvebs kodis me-16 Tavisa da testis kriteriumebis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, romlebic gansazRvrulia specifikuri tipis gadasaxuri masalebisaTvis.

• roca montaJdeba dabalqanobiani saxur-

avebi (gansazRvruli, rogorc 2:12-ze naklebqanobiani saxuravebi), unda Semowmdes, SeuZliaT Tu ara saxuravis masalebs fizikuri mTlianobis SenarCuneba saxuravis arsebobis periodSi. Semowmebebma unda gamoavlinos iseTi fizikuri maxasiaTeblebi, rogorebicaa: mzisa da qaris zemoqmedeba, qarismieri datvirTvis pirobebSi membranebis Runvadoba/elastiuroba da saxuravis safarebis zemoqmedebis mimarT medegoba.

• RorRi an qva ar unda gamoiyenebodes SenobebissaxuravebzegrigalsaSiSregionebSi, rogorc gansazRvrulia §1609.2-Si, an romelime saSualo simaRlis Senobaze, roca izomeba qaris siCqarisa da zemoqmedebis kategoriebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 1504.8 cxrilis Sesabamisad.

• magaliTad, Senobas B zemoqmedebis kategoriaSi (rogorc aRwerilia §1609.4-Si) da iseT adgilze mdebareobis SemTxvevaSi, sadac qaris gaTvaliswinebuli siCqareebi saaTSi 161 km-ia, cxrilis mixedviT, ar unda gamoiyenebodes RorRis an qvis balasti 16 764 mm-ze maRla mdebare saxuravebisaTvis.

klasificireba cecxlgamZleobis mixedviT §1505-Si awyobili saxuravebi dayofilia cecxlgamZle klasebad: A, B, C da araklasificirebulad, daRmavali rigiT, cecxlis zemoqmedebis mimarT efeqtianobis mixedviT. araklasificirebuli gadasaxuri masala ar Sedis A, B an C klasSi da daSvebuli unda iyos nebarTvis gamcemis mier. koeficientebi ganisazRvreba cecxlgamZleobaze Semowmebis dros saxuravis safarebis efeqtianobis safuZvelze. klasificirebuli saxuravebi unda Semowmdes da miekuTvnos Tavis klass.

nawili 1504.8 cxrilidan gabatonebuli qaris siCqare 1609-e suraTidan (km/sT)

85 100 110 120 > 120

saxuravis maqs. saS. simaRle mm-Si (1609.2-is Sesab.)

B

C

D

170' 55' 30' 15' dauSvebelia

60' 15' dauSvebelia dauSvebelia dauSvebelia

30' dauSvebelia dauSvebelia dauSvebelia dauSvebelia

saxuravis safarebis klasificireba cecxlgamZleobis mixedviT konstruqciis tipi IA

IB

IIA

IIB

IIIA

IIIB

IV

VA

VB

dasaSvebi A minimumi (kursiviT) B

A

A

A B

A

A

B

A B

A

B

B

B

A B

C

B

C

C

• saxuravis safarebis minimaluri klas-

ificireba cecxlgamZleobis mixedviT dakavSirebulia 1505.1 cxrilSi mocemul Senobis konstruqciis tipTan. • A klasis awyobili saxuravis masalebi yvelaze efeqtianad uZlebs Zlieri cecxlis zemoqmedebas Semowmebis dros. isini daSvebulia yvela tipis konstruqciaSi. • marTalia, ar mowmdeba, magram arawvadadaa miCnebuli A klasis awyobili saxuravebis masalebi, rogorebicaa aguris, qvis wyobis, aspiduri fiqalis, Tixis an betonis saxuravis filebi, dekoratiuli betonisa da rkinis an spilenZis yavarebi an furclebi.

• B an ukeTesi klasis awyobili saxuravebi aucilebelia yvela tipis konstruqciaSi, IIB, IIIB da VB-is garda.

• R-3 jgufis gamoyenebebisaTvis arsebobs

saerTo gamonaklisi, roca saxuravis kideebi gamijnulia sxva Senobebisgan minimum 1829 mm manZiliT. • gamonaklisi arsebobs, aseve, SenobebisTvis, romelTac, Cveulebriv, sWirdeba C klasis saxuravi. am gamonaklisis mixedviT daSvebulia kedaris an wiTeli merqnis No.1 zomis filebisa da yavarebis gamoyeneba or an naklebsarTulian Senobebze, romelTa saxuravis farTobi naklebia 557.4 m2-ze da miwis nakveTis sazRvridan yvela mxares, quCebis an sazogadoebrivi gzebis garda, daSorebulia minimum 3048 mm cecxlgamyofi manZiliT.

ROOF ASSEMBLIES / 265

moTxovnebi gadasaxuri masalebisaTvis saxuravis safarebi unda damontaJdes §1506-is zogadi moTxovnebisa da §1507-is yvelaze specifikuri moTxovnebis, aseve, mwarmoeblis samontaJo instruqciebis Sesabamisad. nebarTvis gamcemma SeiZleba moiTxovos arastandartuli awyobili saxuravebis Semowmeba, roca standartebi gaurkvevelia an saeWvoa, Seesabameba Tu ara samontaJo kriteriumebi SemoTavazebul gamoyenebas. masalebi unda Seesabamebodes erTmaneTs da Senobas an nagebobas, romelSic isini gamoiyeneba.

asfaltis yavarebi

• asfaltis yavarebisaTvis saxuravis minimaluri qanobia 2:12.

48 3

qa no bi

mm

pi rg ad ad eb a

• §1507.2 gansazRvravs, rom asfaltis yavarebi unda damontaJdes masiuri ficarfenilis mqone saxuravebze.

• tipiur yavarebs unda hqondes minimum 2 lursmani TiTo yavarze an 4 lursmani sayavare zolze, Tu mwarmoeblis samontaJo instruqciebi meti lursmnis gamoyenebas ar moiTxovs.

• damagrebis specialuri meTodebi, gazrdili raodenobis damWerebiT, aucilebelia yvela cicabo qanobiani saxuravisaTvis an farTobebze, sadac gabatonebuli qaris siCqareebi maRalia, kodis me-16 Tavis mixedviT.

48 3 48 3

mm

mm

• roca montaJdeba 4:12-ze nakleb qanobze, gamoyenebuli unda iyos ormagi qvesagebi fena, rogorc naCvenebia §1507.2.8-Si. • 4:12-ze met qanobze misaRebia erTmagi qvesagebi fenis gamoyeneba.

• asfaltis yavarebs unda hqondes TviTkrobadi zolebi an unda ebmebodes erTmaneTze. • isini unda damagrdes galvanizebuli foladis, uJangavi foladis, aluminis an spilenZis 12 kalibriani saxuravisTvis gankuTvnili Taviani lursmnebiT, romelic mTlianad Sedis 19,1 mm an naklebi sisqis ficarfenilSi.

• saxuravis naSverebsa da yavariani saxuravebis frontonebze/wveturebze unda damagrdes kidis karnizebis hidroizolaciebi, romlebic gavrceldeba saxuravis ficarfenilis qvemoT da saxuravis qvemoT ukana mxares.

266 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

asfaltis yavarebi • farTobebze, sadac civi klimatis gamo

610 mm

SesaZloa naSverebi daifaros yinuliT, rac gamoiwvevs yavarebis qveS wylis dagrovebas, naSveridan Senobis eqsterieris kedlis xazis Sida mxares saxuravze 610 mm-ze mdebare wertilamde, unda damontaJdes yinulis sawinaaRmdego barieris ori Sre, romlebic cementiTaa SeerTebuli an polimeris modificirebuli bitumis furceli.

• fuZisa da Tavis hidroizolacia unda damontaJdes erTad.

asfaltis

yavarebTan

• fuZis hidroizolacia unda iyos 0,483

mm sisqis koroziamedegi loTonis an mineraluri zedapiris rulonuri gadasaxuri masalis.

• Tavis hidroizolacia unda iyos koroziamedegi liToni iseTive kalibrisa, rogoric fuZis hidroizolaciaa.

• Raris hidroizolacia unda damontaJdes yavarebis damontaJebamde.

• Raris sarCuli unda damontaJdes Ria Rarebis qveS minimum 406 mm siganisa da 1507.2.9.2 cxrilSi mocemuli sisqeebis mqone furclovani liTonis gamoyenebiT, rac gamomdinareobs Raris sarCulis masalis tipidan.

• alternatiuli sarCuli Sedgeba mineraluri zedapiris mqone rulonuri gadasaxuri masalis ori fenisgan, 457 mm siganis qveda da 914 mm siganis zeda fenebisgan.

• gluvi rulonuri gadasaxuri masalis erTi fena minimum 914 mm siganis daxuruli Raris qveS.

• wyalgamyofi unda damontaJdes 762 mm-ze ganieri sakvamurebis im mxares, saiTac saxuravi ufro maRalia.

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Tixisa da betonis filebi Tixisa da betonis filebi unda akmayofilebdes simtkicisa da gamZleobis moTxovnebs, romlebic efuZvneba testebs. unda Semowmdes aseve betonis filebis haeris temeraturis vardnis mimarT gamZleoba, Sewovis unari da ganivi msxvrevadobis mimarT simtkice.

• saxuravis fenilis qanobi unda iyos minimum 2½ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (21 % qanobi).

• roca qanobi 4:12-ze naklebia, §1507.3.3.1is Sesabamisad unda damontaJdes ormagi qvesagebi fena.

• roca qanobi 4:12-ze metia, §1507.3.3.2is Sesabamisad, misaRebia yavarebi damontaJdes erTi yavaris formis SuasadebiT.

• am filebis damWerebi unda iyos koro-

•

•

• •

ziamedegi da iseTi sigrZis, rom Sevides ficarfenilSi minimum 19,1 mm an mTel siRrmeze. damWerebis raodenoba da konfiguracia gansazRvrulia 1507.3.7 cxrilSi. damagrebis kriteriumebi damokidebulia gabatonebuli qaris siCqareze, saxuravis saSualo simaRlesa da saxuravis qanobze. fila unda damontaJdes mwarmoeblis samontaJo instruqciebis Sesabamisad, klimaturi pirobebidan, saxuravis qanobidan, qvesagebi sistemidan da dasamontaJebeli filis tipidan gamomdinare. hidroizolaciebi unda iyos koroziamedegi da minimum 28 kalibris galvanizebuli furceli (0,48 mm). hidroizolaciebi unda damontaJdes saxuravis filebisa da vertikaluri zedapirebis Sexvedris adgilebSi da RarebTan.

• §1507.3.1 moiTxovs betonisa da Tixis

• hidroizolacia unda vrceldebodes

filebis damontaJebas SeerTebul an daSorebebis mqone ficarfenilze.

280 mm-iT Raris Suaxazidan yvela mxares da unda hqondes 25,4 mm simaRlis Sxefamridi (Sxefebis mimarTulebis Semcvleli).

• hidroizolaciis 102 mm pirgadadeba boloebSi. • 914 mm siganis qvesagebi fena 3:12 an met qanobiani saxuravisTvis.

• iq, sadac civi klimatis gamo SesaZloa naSverebi daifaros yinuliT, rac gamoiwvevs yavarebis qveS wylis dagrovebas, da saxuravis qanobi 7:12-mdea, Raris liTonis hidroizolaciis qvesagebi fena unda micementdes saxuravis qvesageb fenasTan.

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saxuravis liTonis panelebi §1502 gansazRvravs saxuravis liTonis minimum 0,28 m2-is panelebs, rogorc erTmaneTTan gadasabmel liTonis furclebs, damontaJebuls atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan dasacavad. ufro patara panelebi gansazRvrulia, rogorc saxuravis liTonis yavarebi.

• pirgadadebiani, SeuduRebel nakeriani

liTonis saxuravebis minimaluri qanobi, sadac ar aris gamoyenebuli pirgadadebis mamWidroebeli, unda iyos 3:12.

• pirgadadebis mamWidroeblis gamoyenebis dros, minimaluri qanobi unda iyos ½ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulTan (4%-iani qanobi).

• mdgar nakecebiani saxuravebisTvis minimaluri qanobia 1/4 vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulTan (2%-iani qanobi).

• roca saxuravis safarSi Sereulia sayrdeni struqturuli nawilebi, sistema unda daproeqtdes 22-e Tavis Sesabamisad.

• liTonis furcliani saxuravis safarebi, damontaJebuli struqturuli fenilis Tavze, unda Seesabamebodes 1507.4.3(1) cxrils. cxrilSi mocemulia Semowmebis standartebi, koeficientebi da sisqeebi liTonis saxuravis sistemis sxvadasxva tipebisaTvis dawyebuli galvanizebuli foladidan damTavrebuli spilenZiT, aluminiTa da tyviiT dafaruli uJangavi foladiT. liTonis saxuravebi unda iyos bunebrivad koroziamedegi an koroziamedegoba unzrunvelyofili unda iyos 1507.4.3(2) cxrilis Sesabamisad.

• damWerebi unda Seesabamebodes liTonis tips koroziis Tavidan asacileblad, rasac iwvevs sxvadasxva masalebs Soris arsebuli galvanuri eleqtro aqtivoba.

• panelebi unda damontaJdes mwarmoeblis instruqciebis Sesabamisad. aseTi instruqciebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, damWerebi galvanizebuli unda iyos galvanizebuli saxuravebisTvis da magari spilenZis an spilenZis Senadnobis spilenZis saxuravebisTvis. uJangavi foladis damWerebi misaRebia yvela tipis liTonis saxuravisTvis.

• aRsaniSnavia, rom liTonis panelebiani

• saxuravis liTonis panelebi unda damontaJdes masiur an axlo-axlo daSorebebian fenilze, Tu specialurad araa daproeqtebuli did daSorebebian sayrdenebze dasamontaJeblad.

saxuravis damontaJebisas gamoyenebuli qvesagebi fenisadmi moTxovnebi ar aris gansazRvruli kodSi. bevri mwarmoebeli urCevs qvesagebi fenis gamoyenebas. es kidev erTxel gvaxsenebs imas, rom kodi mxolod minimaluri standartia xarisxiani mSeneblobisaTvis da ara maqsimaluri.

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saxuravis liTonis yavarebi saxuravis liTonis yavarebi ganmartebis Tanaxmad, ufro patara zomisaa, vidre saxuravis liTonis panelebi, mcirea 0,28 m2-ze da gamoiyeneba atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan dasacavad.

• saxuravis liTonis yavarebisaTvis saxuravis minimaluri qanobia 3:12.

• gadasaxur masalad yavarebis gamoyen-

610 mm

ebis dros ufro meti nakeri keTdeba, vidre panelebiani gadaxurvisas, amdenad, qvesagebi fena aucilebelia.

• civ klimatur pirobebSi aseve saWiroa yinulis sawinaaRmdego barieri iseve, rogorc yavaris saxuravis sxva tipebisaTvis.

• hidroizolaciebi

iseTive masalis unda iyos, rogoric yavarebia an Seesabamebodes saxuravis masalebis standartebs da hqondes 1507.4.3(1) da (2) cxrilebis Sesabamisi koroziamedegoba.

• Raris hidroizolacia unda gavr-

•

fenilis mimarT moTxovnebi igivea, rac saxuravis panelebis mimarT. fenilis qanobia minimum 3:12.

celdes Raris Suaxazidan yvela mxares 203 mm-ze da unda hqondes araumcires 19,1 mm simaRlis Sxefamridi.

• nakerebi pirgadadebis boloSi minimum 102 mm.

• 914 mm siganis qvesagebi fena unda daidos hidroizolaciis qveS im farTobebze, sadac dRiuri saSualo temperatura ianvarSi naklebia an tolia –4°C-is.

• sadac saxuravis qanobi naklebia 7:12-ze, Raris qvesagebi fena mTlianad unda micementdes saxuravis qvesageb fenaze an unda iyos TviTkrobadi polimer modificirebuli bitumis furclis.

270 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

rulonuri gadaxurva da aspiduri fiqalis yavarebi mineralur zedapiriani rulonuri gadaxurva

• • • •

mineralur zedapiriani rulonuri gadasaxuri masala unda gamoviyenoT mxolod masiuri ficarfenilis mqone saxuravebze. saxuravis qanobi unda iyos minimum 1:12.

Cveulebriv, saWiroa erTfeniani qvesagebi fena. ori fena saWiroa yinulis baerieris Sesaqmnelad civ klimatur pirobebSi.

aspiduri fiqalis yavarebi • aspiduri fiqalis yavarebi mxolod masiuri ficarfenilis mqone saxuravebze.

• qvesagebi fenisadmi da saxuravis liTonis yavarebisa da rulonuri gadasaxuri masalebisadmi erTnairi moTxovnebia gansazRvruli.

• yavarebis Tavebis minimaluri pirgadadeba unda Seesabamebodes 1507.7.5 cxrils.

• 51 mm qanobebisTvis, romlebic tolia an metia 20:12-is.

• 76 mm qanobebisTvis, romlebic metia 8:12-ze, magram naklebia 20:12-ze.

• 102 mm qanobebisTvis 4:12-dan 8:12-mde.

• saxuravis minimaluri qanobia 4:12.

• aspiduri

fiqalis dasamagreblad TiTo fiqalze gamoiyeneba ori damWeri.

• hidroizolacia unda iyos G90 moTuTiebuli furclovani foladi, romlis minimaluri sisqe safaris gareSe unda iyos 0,455 mm.

• Raris hidroizolacia unda iyos minimum 381 mm siganis da unda hqondes araumcires 19,1 mm simaRlis Sxefamridi.

• sakvamurebsa da kedlebs zeda nawilSi unda hqondes hidroizolaciebi, romlebic Sedgeba Teqis minimum ori fenisgan. 102 mm siganis zeda fena Casmulia cementis baTqaSSi da vrceldeba 25,4 mm-iT maRla pirveli fenidan.

• cementis baTqaSis zeda safari.

• Teqa vrceldeba fuZis hidroizolaciis Tavze 51 mm-ze.

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xis yavarebi damontaJebis moTxovnebi rogorc xis filebis, ise yavarebisaTvis, Sejamebulia 1507.8 cxrilSi.

• xis yavarebisaTvis saxuravis minimaluri qanobia 3:12.

• minimaluri qvesagebi fena, ASTM D 226-is mixedviT, unda iyos pirveli tipis.

• xis filebi SeiZleba damontaJdes daSorebebian an masiur ficarfenilze.

• daSorebebiani ficarfenili unda iyos araumcires 1×4 (nominaluri) zomis ficrebi, romlebic zemoqmedebis mxares daSorebulia Tanabrad.

• masiuri ficarfenili aucilebelia farTobebze, sadac saSualo dRiuri temperatura ianvarSi naklebia an tolia -4°C-is.

• zonebSi, sadac civi klimatis gamo SesaZloa naSverebi daifaros yinuliT, rac gamoiwvevs yavarebis qveS wylis dagrovebas, naSveridan Senobis eqsterieris kedlis xazis Sida mxares saxuravze 610 mm-ze mdebare wertilamde, unda damontaJdes yinulis sawinaaRmdego barieris ori Sre, romlebic cementiTaa SeerTebuli an polimeris modificirebuli bitumis furceli.

610 mm

• yavarebis zemoqmedebebi saxuravis qanobebTan mimarTebaSi, 1507.8.6 cxrilis Sesabamisad.

• koroziamedegi damWerebi unda aRwevdes ficarfenilSi 19,1 mm-ze an mTlian siRrmeSi.

• • •

38 mm minimaluri gverdiTi pirgadadeba monacvleobiT fenebSi nakerebi ar unda gaswordes.

6.4-dan 9.5 mm-mde daSoreba yavarebs Soris

• hidroizolaciebi unda iyos koroziamedegi da minimum 0,48 mm 26 kalibris galvanizebuli foladis.

• hidroizolacia unda gavrceldes Raris Suaxazidan 280 mm-ze yvela mxares da unda hqondes 25,4 mm simaRlis Sxefamridi.

• 914 mm siganis qvesagebi fena 3:12 an meti saxuravis qanobisTvis.

• hidroizolacia boloebSi 102 mm pirgadadebiT.

• iq, sadac civi klimatis gamo SesaZloa naSverebi daifaros yinuliT, rac gamoiwvevs yavarebis qveS wylis dagrovebas, da saxuravis qanobi 7:12-mdea, Raris liTonis hidroizolaciis qvesagebi fena unda micementdes saxuravis qvesageb fenasTan.

272 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

xis yavarebi • maSin roca, xis yavarebi daxerxilia, xis filebis warmoeba xdeba mokle morebis sxiviseburad/radialurad daxleCiT, rac warmoqmnis minumum erTi saxis struqturas.

• xis filebi SeiZleba damontaJdes daSorebebian an masiur ficarfenilze.

• daSorebebiani ficarfenilis filebi ar unda iyos 1×4-ze naklebi (nominaluri; 25 mm × 102 mm), da atmosferuli zemoqmedebis mxares daSorebuli unda iyos Tanabrad.

• masiuri ficarfenili aucilebelia farTobebze, sadac saSualo dRiuri temperatura ianvarSi naklebia an tolia -4°C-is.

• xis yavarebisaTvis saxuravis minimaluri qanobia 4:12.

• damagrebisa da gverdiTi pirgadadebisadmi moTxovnebi msgavsia xis yavarebisadmi moTxovnebis.

• atmosferuli zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb ixileT qvemoT.

• 9.5-dan 15.9 mm-mde daSoreba filebsa da bunebrivad gamZle konusisebr daxerxil filebs Soris.

• 6.4-dan 9.5 mm-mde daSoreba damcavi nivTierebiT gaJRenTil konusisebr daxerxil filebs Soris.

• yavarebis

zemoqmedebebi saxuravis qanobTan mimarTebaSi unda Seesabamebodes 1507.8.6 cxrils.

• 191 mm zemoqmedeba 457 mm No.1 xarisxis filebisTvis da 254 mm zemoqmedeba 610 mm No.1 xarisxis filebisTvis.

• yavarebis

zemoqmedebebi saxuravis qanobTan mimarTebaSi unda Seesabamebodes 1507.9.7 cxrils.

• 140 mm zemoqmedeba 457 mm No.1 xarisxis filebisTvis da 191 mm zemoqmedeba 610 mm No.1 xarisxis filebisTvis.

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mravalfeniani saxuravebi • masalebis standartebi gansazRvrulia

saxuravis mravalfeniani safarebi Sedgeba ori an meti Teqis fenisgan, romlebic erTmaneTTan cementiT aris SeerTebuli da dafarulia furclovani SemvsebiT an zedapiris msgavsi masaliT. miuxedavad imisa, rom kodSi ar aris aRniSnuli, am nawilis mizania, aseTi saxuravebis masalebi iyos Tavsebadi da erTad asrulebdes funqcias mwarmoeblis sa-montaJo instruqciebis Sesabamisad. damproeqtebelma, Semowmebis kriteriumebisa da §1507.10.2 da §1507.11.2-Si mocemuli standartebis Sesabamisad, unda Seamowmos aseTi saxuravebis sxvadasxva komponentebis Sesabamisoba imisda mixedviT, ramdenad SeZleben isini erToblivad funqcionirebas qimiuri da meqanikuri TvalsazrisiT.

1507.10.2 cxrilSi.

i ob qan

≥¼ :12

modificirebuli bitumiT gadaxurva modificirebuli bitumis gadaxurva Sedgeba polimer modificirebuli asfaltis furclebis erTi an meti fenisgan.

> ¼:12

• saxuravis mravalfeniani safarebis

> ¼:12

saproeqto qanobi unda iyos minimum ¼ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (2%-iani qanobi), garda qvanaxSiris kupriani saxuravebisaTvis, romelTa minimaluri qanobi SeiZleba iyos 1/8 vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (1%-iani qanobi).

• minimaluri qanobi unda SenarCundes yvelaze viwro qanobis gaswvriv gadamkveT RarebTan. amdenad, tipiuri saxuravis qanobebi ¼:12-ze odnav meti iqneba.

• modificirebuli bitumis gadaxurva msgavsia mravalfeniani gadaxurvis. furclebi mTlianad miwebebulia an meqanikuradaa mimagrebuli fuZefenaze an adgilze damagrebulia balastis feniT.

• es gadasaxuri masalebi unda damontaJdes minimum ¼:12 qanobiT.

274 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

erTfeniani gadaxurva erTfeniani gadasaxuri membranebi adgilze montaJdeba erTgvarovani an kompozituri masalis erTi da ara ramdenime fenis gamoyenebiT.

• membranis masalebi erTmaneTTan unda gadaibas gacxelebiT an miwebebiT an kombinirebuli gadambis meTodebiT.

• §1507.12 da 1507.13 gansazRvravs ASTM-is Sesabamis standatebs Termoreaqtiuli plastmasisa da Termoplastmasis erTfeniani gadaxurvisaTvis.

• orives sWirdeba erTi da igive minimaluri saproeqto qanobi ¼ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (2%-iani qanobi).

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Sesasxurebeli da Txevadi gadaxurva gadaxurva poliureTanis Sesasxurebeli qafis gamoyenebiT am tipis gadasaxuri masala gamoiyeneba poliureTanis qafis erTjeradi SesxurebiT saxuravis fenilze da qafis membranis qimiuri damagrebis Semdeg, masze Txevadi damcavi safaris gamoyenebiT. am tipis sistema xSirad gamoiyeneba saxuravebze, romelTac arastandartuli an rTuli profilebi aqvT. aRsaniSnavia, rom aseT kamarebs ar aqvs minimaluri qanobebi kamaris pikTan. kodTan Sesabamisoba da gamZleoba am pirobebSi unda Semowmdes uflebamosili organosa da saxuravis mwarmoeblis mier.

• saproeqto qanobi unda iyos ¼ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (2%-iani qanobi).

• §1507.14 moiTxovs, rom awyobili saxuravi akmayofilebdes A, B an C klasis cecxlgamZleobis koeficientebisTvis arsebul kriteriumebs, romlebic mocemulia UL 790-is ASTM E 108-Si. • gadasaxuri masala unda damontaJdes mwarmoeblis samontaJo instruqciebis Sesabamisad. qafplastis masalebi aseve unda Seesabamebodes kodis moTxovnebs plastmasis mimarT, romlebic mocemulia 26-e TavSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom am Tavidan mxolod 2603.6 nawilia gamosayenebeli, romelic Seicavs qafplastis izolaciasTan da ara uSualod gadaxurvasTan dakavSirebul nawils.

Txevadi safarebi Txevadi safarebi am TavSi ganmartebuli ar aris; Tumca, arsebobs am tipis saxuravis gadaxurvisaTvis damontaJebis moTxovnebi. Cveulevriv, aseTi safarebi, Txevad mdgomareobaSi myofi safaris gamagrebis an gaSrobis Semdeg, zedapirze warmoqmnis membranas.

• Txevadi gadasaxuri masala gamoiyeneba saxuravebze, romelTa minimaluri saproeqto qanobia ¼ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (2%-iani qanobi).

saxuravis izolacia • Tboizolacia SeiZleba damontaJdes saxuravis fenilze, Tu is dafarulia saxuravis safariT, romlis cecxlgamZleobis koeficienti Seesabameba FM 4450-s an UL 1256-s.

• qaf-plastis izolacia unda akmayofilebdes 26-e Tavis moTxovnebs.

• celulozis boWkos izolacia unda Seesabamebodes 23-e TavSi xis masalisaTvis gansazRvrul moTxovnebs.

276 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saxuravze ganTavsebuli nagebobebi penthauzebi saxuravis Tavze ganTavsebul nagebobebSi Sedis iseTi saxuravszeda nagebobebi, rogorebicaa: penthauzebi liftebisTvis, wylis avzebisTvis, gagrilebis danadgarebisaTvis da wvetiani koSkurebisTvis.

• 1509.2 gansazRvravs, rom penthauzebi, garda I tipis konstruqciis SenobebSi, ar SeiZleba iyos 8534 mm-ze maRla saxuravidan, roca liftebi adis saxuravamde, xolo sxva SemTxvevebSi 3658 mm-ze maRla saxuravidan.

• penthauzebi

gamoiyeneba mxolod meqanikuri mowyobilobebisTvis an saxuravSi gamavali Saxtis Riobebis dasafarad. mowyobilobebi da Senobis interieri atmosferuli zemoqmedebisagan daculi unda iyos Jaluziani RiobebiT da msgavsi RiobebiT da hidroizolaciebiT.

• yvela penthauzis gaerTianebuli farTobi ar unda aRematebodes saxuravis farTobis erT mesameds.

• penthauzebi unda aigos iseTive cecxlgamZleobis mqone masalebiT, rogoric aucilebelia SenobisaTvis, garda calkeuli gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa.

• erT-erTi SemTxveva, romelic xSirad gvxvdeba, aris gamonaklisi arawvadi meqanikuri SemomzRudavebisTvis, romelic SeiZleba daucveli iyos, Tu mdebareobs miwis nakveTis sazRvridan minimum 8096 mm-is daSorebiT.

• meore gamonaklisia erTsarTuliani

Senobebi, sadac mowyobilobis gadauxuravi, daucveli, wvadi SemomzRudavebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos, Tu miwis nakveTis sazRvridan daSorebulia minimum 6096 mm-iT da araumetes 1219 mm simaRlisaa.

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saxuravze ganTavsebuli nagebobebi avzebi saxuravze ganTavsebuli avzebi xSirad gamoiyeneba xanZarsawinaaRmdego saSxefebeli sistemis an cecxlsaqrobi sistemis wyliT mosamarageblad. roca avzi 1900 litrze meti moculobisaa, mas unda hqondes qvis wyobis, armirebuli betonis an foladis sayrdeni, an unda iyos IV tipis konstruqcia.

• Tu aseTi avzebi yvelaze qveda sarTulis zemoTaa, sayrdenebi unda iyos I-A tipis konstruqcia. amdenad, §1509.3 SegviZlia gavigoT ise, rom saxuravze ganTavsebuli yvela avzis sayrdeni unda iyos I-A tipis konstruqcia.

gagrilebis danadgarebi

• gagrilebis danadgarebi, romelTa farTobi aRemateba 23,2 m2-s an romelTa simaRle aRemateba 4572 mm-s da ganTavsebulia 15 240 mm-ze maRal Senobebze, unda iyos arawvadi konstruqcia.

• Tu gagrilebis danadgari mdebareobs 15 240 mm-ze maRali Senobis saxuravis qveda nawilSi, es debuleba exeba am SemTxvevasac.

• gagrilebis danadgarebis farTobi, iseve rogorc penthauzebisa, ar unda aRematebodes sayrdeni saxuravis farTobis erT-mesameds.

278 / BUILDING CODES ILLUSTRATED - ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

saxuravze ganTavsebuli nagebobebi koSkurebi, wvetiani koSkurebi, gumbaTebi da TaRebi koSkurebi, wvetiani koSkurebi, gumbaTebi da TaRebi miCneulia saxuravze ganTavsebul nagebobebad, sadac ar mdebareobs meqanikuri mowyobilobebi an romlebic ar gamoiyeneba maT sayrdenebad. §1509.5 moiTxovs, rom aseTi nagebobebis cecxlgamZleoba iyos minimum iseTi, rogoric aucilebelia maTi sayrdeni SenobisTvis, Semdegi gamonaklisebiT:

• sadac romelime aseTi nagebobis simaRle aRemateba gruntis niSnulidan 18 288 mm-s, nageboba da nebismieri sayrdeni konstruqcia unda iyos I an II tipis konstruqcia, Tu misi farTobi 18,6 m2-ze metia da ar warmoadgens samreklos an arqiteqturul gaformebas.

• Tu nageboba ar akmayofilebs yvela am kriteriums, unda gamoviyenoT konstruqciisadmi arsebuli moTxovnebi, rom dakmayofildes sayrdeni Senobis mimarT arsebuli kriteriumebi.

• sadac nageboba 7620 mm-ze maRlaa im saxuravis yvelaze maRali wertilidan, romelTanac isaa SexebaSi, horizontaluri kveTa aRemateba 18,6 m2-s, an ar warmoadgens samreklos an arqiteqturul gaformebas, is unda aigos mTlianad arawvadi masalebiT.

• es nagebobebi maT qvemoT mdebare Senobisgan unda gaimijnos minimum 1½ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis mqone konstruqciiT da Riobebs unda hqondes minimum 1½ saaTiani cecxlgamZleobis koeficientis mqone damcavebi.

• roca nagebobebi ganTavsebulia 15 240 mm-ze maRali nebismieri Senobis saxuravs zemoT, isini unda aigos arawvadi masalebiT da sayrdenebic arawvadi konstruqciisa unda hqondes.

• koSkurebis da wvetiani koSkurebis gadasaxuri masalebi imave klasisaa, romlisac danarCeni Senobis gadasaxuri masalebi.

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xelaxali gadaxurva axali gadaxurvis masalebisaTvis arsebuli moTxovnebis dasakmayofileblad, Cveulebriv, xdeba saxuravebis Secvla. roca saxuravis 25% icvleba 12 Tvian periodSi, saxuravis mTeli safari unda Seesabamebodes axali gadaxurvis moTxovnebs.

• §1510.1-is

gamonaklisis Tanaxmad, sadac saxuravs aqvs saxuravis dadebiTi drenaJi (mag., sakmarisi daxriloba drenirebis uzrunvelsayofad 48 saaTiani naleqianobis dros, datvirTvisgan gamowveuli yvela gadaxris gaTvaliswinebiT), saWiro ar aris xelaxali gadaxurva akmayofilebdes minimaluri saproeqto qanobis moTxovnas, romlis mixedviTac qanobi unda iyos ¼ vertikaluri erTeuli 12 horizontalur erTeulze (2%-iani qanobi).

xelaxali gadaxurvis moTxovnebi exeba imas, rom saxuravze arsebuli struqturebi metismetad ar daitviTos mZime an wvadi masalebis ramdenime fenis daSvebiT. saxuravis struqturebs unda SeeZlos, daiWiros axali gadaxurvis sistemis datvirTvebi, nebismieri Zveli masalis wonasTan erTad. saxuravze ganTavsebul struqturas aseve unda SeeZlos xelaxali gadaxurvis procesSi gamoyenebuli masalebisa da mowyobilobebisgan gamowveuli datvirTvebis daWera.

• roca icvleba saxuravis gadax-

• mTeli saxuravis gadaxurva

urvis 25% an naklebi, mxolod axali nawili unda akmayofilebdes me-15 Tavis moTxovnebs.

unda akmayofilebdes axali gadaxurvisadmi moTxovnebs, roca icvleba saxuravis 25%-ze meti.

Zveli saxuravis demontaJis gareSe axali gadaxurvis damontaJeba daSvebulia zogierT SemTxvevaSi. arsebuli gadaxurva unda moixsnas, roca arsebobs Semdegi pirobebidan erT-erTi: 1. saxuravi an saxuravis safari gaJRenTilia wyliT an isea dazianebuli, rom arsebuli saxuravi ver Seqmnis axali saxuravisaTvis adeqvatur safuZvels.

2. Tu saxuravis arsebuli safari xis filebis, aspiduri fiqalis an kramitisaa.

• aRsaniSnavia, rom gamonaklisi uSvebs liTonis an kramitis saxuravis gamoyenebas xis filebze, Tu filebze TabaSiris filis, mineraluri boWkos an mina-boWkos gamoyenebis Sedegad ar warmoiqmneba wvadi damaluli sivrceebi.

3. sadac ukve gamoyenebulia saxuravis ori an meti nebismieri tipis safari. es aris imisaTvis, rom Tavidan aviciloT saxuravze ganTavsebuli nagebobis zedmeti datvirTva, romelic SeiZleba gamoiwvios ramdenime fenianma gadaxurvam. arsebuli gamZle masalebi, rogorebicaa: aspiduri fiqali an kramiti, SeiZleba xelaxla gamoviyenoT, Tu karg mdgomareobaSia da ar aris dazianebuli. zedapiris Semvsebi masalebis aReba da xelaxali montaJi saWiro ar aris. hidroizolacia SeiZleba xelaxla damontaJdes, Tu karg mdgomareobaSia.

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