ABSTRACT

2.2.14 Shree Durga Temple 2.2.15 Mosque 2.2.16 Calendar of religious festivities 2.2.17 Kali Goddess 2.3.1 Gender Labor Displacement 2.3.2 Store inside Roshanpura 2.3.3 Flow of Skilled/Unskilled Labor 2.3.4 Microfinance Scheme Self-Help groups 2.3.5 Microfinance Scheme Bank program 2.3.6 Types of stores in the Commercial Area 2.3.7 Commercial Area in Rajbhaven Road 2.4.1 Map of Roshanpura’s Schools and Health Centers 2.4.2 Spiritual Health Center 2.5.1 Street in the lower area 2.5.2 Surface sewage / Lower area 2.5.3 Low quality structures /Lower area 2.5.4 Two store structures / Upper area 2.5.5 Two store structures / Upper area 2.5.6 Section of the slope in Roshanpura Roshanpura South

47 47 48 49 52 53 54 55 55 57 58 62 63 65 66 66 67 67 67

3.1.2 A senior puppeteer in the sidewalk by his house 3.1.3 Transect walk 77 77

3.1.4 Open ended interviews 3.1.5 Open ended interviews 3.1.6 Drawing activity with kids in public school 3.1.7 Affinity mapping following livelihoods framework approach 3.1.8 Inhabitants filling out ranking activity form 3.1.9 Community discussions with women of Roshanpura 3.1.11 Instances from co-design workshop 3.1.12 Kids in front of the window grill they colored in co-design workshop 3.2.1 Upper one: plastic drums used for storing water 3.2.2 Lower one: unstable built protrusions 3.2.3 Alleys used by vendors to sell vegetables 78 79 80 82 83 84 86 87 89 89 90

3.2.4 Sign board stating about the puppeteers’ society 3.2.5 A niche used for storing and displaying puppets 3.2.6 Craftsmen of Katputli Mohalla creating models with paper mache

91 92 93 3.2.7 The identified marginalized group 94 3.2.8 Meera, a Rajasthani woman from Katputli Mohalla sitting at the entrance of her 97 3.3.1 Upper one: Women of Kathputli Colony House 98 3.3.2 Lower one: members of local self-help groups 98 3.3.3 Inhabitants of Kathputli Mohalla 99 3.3.4 Formal representative of Roshanpura 100 3.3.5 Women of Roshnapura engaged in small enterprises 102 3.3.6 Stakeholder Mapping 103 3.4.1 Flow diagram explaining justification 105 3.4.2 Dimensions of the proposal 107 3.4.3 Existing entrance to the street 110 3.4.4 Proposed element at the entrance 3.4.5 Graphical illustration of the proposed entrance 3.4.6 Upper one: Proposed scheme of Wall art 3.4.7 Concept diagram of action proposal I 3.4.8 Delineating activities in the proposed street market 3.4.9 Graphical illustration of the proposed street market 3.4.10 Graphical illustration of the proposed wall art and entrance element 3.4.11 Concept diagram of action proposal III Roshanpura North

109 110 111 112 115 116 117 121

4.1.1 Meeting with the representative of New Market 4.1.2 Picture with the NGO working with women trainings 4.1.3 Interview with inhabitants of the North East area of Roshanpura 4.1.4 First Stakeholder Analysis 4.1.5 Mobile Collector from ArcGIS 4.1.6 Transect Walks 4.1.7 Selfie Voice

127 127 128 131 132 132 134 4.1.8 Knitting Lady and Neighbours 134 4.1.9 The place the knitting lady liked the most 134 4.1.10 Photo Voice 2nd Attempt 4.1.11 Activity with the kids at school 135 137 4.1.12 Knitting Activity 139 4.1.13 Roshanpura Hospitality 139 4.1.14 Cooking class 139 4.1.15 Info Board Mock Up 141 4.1.16 Tell us your skills Board 142 4.1.17 Puppeteers Show during co-design workshop 144 4.2.1 Interview with women 147 4.2.2 Former Police Officer in Roshanpura with his niece 147 4.2.3 Before and After of an open space in the Northern Area 149 4.2.4 Woman not happy to live there, even if relocated 150 4.2.5 Interview with women 151 4.2.6 Whatching sari being made 152 4.2.7 Stakeholder Analysis 154 4.2.8 Stakeholder mapping 155 4.3.1 Possible places to put the Information Board 159 4.3.2 Main Information Board 161 4.3.3 Render : Implementation of the information board 163 4.3.4 Indian Cooperative Credit Society Limited 166 4.3.5 Scheme of the cooperative organization 170 4.3.6 Steps to open the cooperative 171 4.3.8 Plan of the Women Cooperation Center 172 4.3.7 Area organization of the WCC 172 4.3.9 Section of the WCC 173 4.3.10 WCC 173 4.3.11 Render of the WCC 174

5.1 Group picture with a family * Unless otherwise indicated all pictures and graphics were produced by the authors. 176

Introduction

1.1 Roshanpura Square Step out of the rickshaw at Roshanpura Square and one is immediately overwhelmed by the noise and bustle. Horns honk as two-wheelers, cars, and rickshaws zip around the roundabout in the middle of the square. Shops, informal stands and street hawkers line the roads, barely allowing pedestrians to pass along the sidewalks. This is the New Market, the commercial heart of the city of Bhopal. However, from the plaza head down Roshanpura Road towards the Raj bhavan and, turning in at one of the many food stands along the road, you enter another world. A hidden labyrinth of narrow alleyways that open onto private courtyard, pleasantly situated in the shade of a few trees, and closely built houses of varying qualities and colorful exteriors, greets you. Residents washing their laundry or dishes smile and wave as you navigate, looking at playing children, goats, and parked motorbikes. The smell of cooking from one house drifts along the narrow passageway to mingle with the stench of garbage and animals emanating from another. This residential oasis, while a relief from the commercial exterior, is an onslaught of colors, people, smells, and sounds. This is Roshanpura: a multifaceted, historical community peacefully comprising the many faces and faiths of India. For two months, a group of masters students in Urban Ecological Planning (UEP) from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) conducted fieldwork in Roshanpura, attempting to understand the community and the dynamic urban landscape. The ultimate goal is to put people at the center of urban planning. The following report, after describing the context, provides a situational analysis of Roshanpura, followed by a discussion of methods, the researchers’ findings from the fieldwork, finally their recommendations for strategic community interventions, and ending with the students’ reflections. Throughout the fieldwork, the students followed the principles of UEP, which include, among others, acting as facilitators rather than providers; working from the bottomtop rather than from top-down or bottom-up; working on a smaller, area-based scale on a formalinformal continuum; and developing proposals that are both contextual and views the city as an organism (Sliwa et al, 2018, 8). While the proposals developed through this approach are smaller in both size and the number of people impacted, it sets off a chain reaction of innovations that empower the people under the planner’s purview.