Step 3: using the present perfect

Checklist: a party invitation Yes I think so No

1 Preparation and content • I used the graphic organizer to prepare my invitation. • I included all the necessary information: who, when, where, cost, theme, etc. 2 Language • I used correct vocabulary related to organizing events. • I used the correct prepositions for time and place. • I used correct spelling and punctuation.

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CHECK 2, p. 47

Step 3 Check yourself before you wreck yourself Using the present perfect 1 / Party plan 1 Watch the first part of the video and answer the questions. a What is Miss Mikayla G giving you information about in this video? b What is her experience? c What are all the things you have to think about when you are planning a party?

WATCHING Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN

PARTY TIME CHECKLIST

TWO MONTHS BEFORE THE PARTY  Get inspired

ONE MONTH BEFORE THE PARTY   Find and book a venue  Make up a guest list   Make up a plan for food  Make up a plan for decorations

TWO WEEKS BEFORE THE PARTY  Check the RSVPs  Go shopping  Create DIY decorations

ONE WEEK BEFORE THE PARTY  Send a reminder DAY BEFORE THE PARTY   DAY OF THE PARTY   Set up decor  AFTER THE PARTY  Clean up  3 You are organizing a party and you have one more week before the party. You are right on schedule. a Check off everything that you have already done in exercise 2. b Are the following statements true or false if it’s one week before the party? Statement True False 1 I have already picked a theme. 2 I have already cleaned up the house. 3 I have checked the RSVPs. 4 I haven’t set up the food yet. 5 I have sent out thankyou notes. 6 I haven’t made a guest list yet. 7 I haven’t done any cooking yet.  READING Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN

4 Look at the sentences in exercise 3b and answer the questions. a What verb is used in every sentence? b Highlight the other verb form in every sentence. c Circle the correct answer.

In sentences 13: In sentences 47:

• the verb is regular / irregular • the form of the verb looks like / does not look like the past simple tense • the corresponding base forms of the verbs are:

• the verb is regular / irregular • the form of the verb looks like / does not look like the past simple tense • the corresponding base forms of the verbs are: . 5 The main verb in the sentences in exercise 3 is in the past participle form. a Use the information from exercise 4 to fill in the table below for the following base forms of the verbs in exercise 3. book – check – clean – create – do – find – get – go – make – pick – prepare – send – set Regular verbs Irregular verbs Base form Past participle Base form Past participle e.g. work e.g. worked e.g. be e.g. been

Rule: past participle of the verb = Study by heart! See the list on p. 3638.

Tip: regular past participle = b Pay attention to the spelling of certain verbs in the past participle form. Fill in the right form and complete the rule.

Example Rule: I have always (to enjoy) planning parties. vowel + y: He has not (to reply) to the invitation yet.

consonant + y: . Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN The music hasn’t playing yet (to stressed vowel + consonant: stop). Amber has just from the party. He has many times. (to arrive) home verb ends in e:

(to travel) to Ibiza to party vowel + l:

1 What is a quinceañera?

2 Which two dresses has she already bought?

3 Which theme has she chosen?

4 Why does she love her crown?

5 Which people are in her perfect court?

6 Why did she also pick Darlin?

7 Why does she think this will be the best quinceañera it can be?

PLANNING A QUINCEAÑERA

A quinceañera (in Latin America and among Latinos) is a celebration of a girl’s fifteenth birthday and her transition from childhood to adulthood. My big day will be on April 15. So it’s about 3 months until my big day! I’m more than excited for this day to come. It 5 has been one of my greatest dreams for a very long time and to see how hard I am working for it gives me the hope of it coming true!

So far, I have already bought my big puffy 10 dress with my crinoline and my after-party dress. Buying these dresses was a really special moment for me because that was the beginning of an amazing journey!

It was hard to choose from a thousand 15 beautiful dresses but knowing the colors of my Quince (blue and white) made it a bit easier and I found the perfect blue dress with diamonds! Every girl needs to wear the perfect accessories with the perfect 20 dress! You know something is right when you look at it once and fall in love with it right away! My crown is the most shiny thing I have ever

Search LoginPoetry / Fiction / Nonfiction / Reviews Subscribe Submit Forum 1 Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN five twenty

25 seen! It shapes a heart around the number 15 and even fits perfectly on my head! I can’t wait till I have my hair all done and for my father to put the crown on me. It will be an emotional moment but a moment I will remember forever! The Quinceañera’s court of honor is composed of girls (called damas) and boys (called chambelanes). In addition the Quinceañera’s own chambelan de honor! The court is dressed in gowns and tuxedos representing the theme of the party. Thinking of who has really made my life better and who has been there with me through ups and downs was hard but I knew that I wanted the perfect court and I know who has been in my life and who has never left and who’s still with me now to support me. That is why I chose to have my cousin. I look up to her because every time I make a mistake she would always tell me why I shouldn’t do it and what the consequences of my actions are. I also chose Darlin because she has had experience with a quinceañera and she can be a great help on my big day! My uncle’s girlfriend Deborah has been a great help to my family and me. And lastly but most importantly: Jasmine. We have been through a lot together and she has been there for me on my toughest moments. These girls have all had a big impact in my life. With the boys, Dario has been in my life for about 3 years now, and he has always found a way to make me smile and help me up when I fall down. Eddy can brighten up anyone’s day with just a smile. Josue has been a friend to me since I first came to Massachusetts. He has always found the way to make me smile and bring out the laughter in me. Randy is the kid who always has respect towards you and who will always want to make you laugh. These guys have impacted my life in one way or another. They are the ones I look up to and I go to when I have boy issues. The most important decision but not the hardest, was choosing my main chambelan! As this has been one of my dreams, I have always had that one guy who I always wanted for the main guy in my Quince, Fabricio Martinez! Fabricio is someone who has been in my life for almost 5 years now. He has been my guy best friend for a long time now. I know I have found the right team to make this Quince come alive and to make it the best and even more than the best it could be. While it is hard to plan my sweet 15 and to practice every step of the way, I only do this for my dreams and I only hope that it comes out to be the best it could be at the end of the day!

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Adapted from www.teenink.com

a court of honor/honour: a group of people that have a special place at a formal event a crinoline: an underskirt made of a stiffened fabric a gown: a formal dress an issue: a problem puffy: soft, light and fluffy a transition: going from one stage, phase or place to another a tuxedo: a semiformal evening suit Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN

a Underline the verb forms. 1 So far, I have already bought my big puffy dress with my crinoline and my afterparty dress. 2 (I know) who has been in my life and who has never left and who’s there now to support me. 3 She has had experience with a quinceañera. 4 I have found the right team. 5 My uncle’s girlfriend Deborah has been a great help to my family and me. b Complete the table with the correct form of the verb. Then add the rule on how to form this tense.

Form of the present perfect

Subject Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?) 1st p. I have bought my dress. sing. my dress. my dress? 2nd p. You haven’t asked Fabio. sing. 3rd p. sing. Has she had experience with a quinceañera? 1st p. plur. We have been through a lot together. 2nd p. plur. You haven’t received the invitation. 3rd p. plur.

Have they impacted my life? Rule: c Link a sentence (and verb form) in exercise a to an explanation. Sentence Explanation Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN An action that happened at an unspecified time in the past. It is an accomplishment up until now or an experience, possibly with ’already’. A past event or action that is important at the time of speaking.

How to talk about unfinished actions and experiences GRAMMAR

The present perfect (simple) tense is used:

– to talk about actions that happened in the and that are important at the time of speaking. e.g. Darlin has organized a quiceañera before. (= so she knows what to do now)  Careful, when you want to indicate when it happened, you have to use the past simple. e.g. She organized the party for my cousin in 2020. – to talk about or in your life up until now. Keywords: already, so far, up until now e.g. So far, I have chosen a theme, a dress and a crown. e.g. I have already celebrated my quiceañera. – to talk about recent events. Keywords: just, recently e.g. I have recently assembled a team of damas and chambelanes. – to talk about an event that has not yet started or hasn’t been completed. Keyword: yet e.g. She hasn’t sent out the invitations for the quinceañera yet.  Careful, you only use this with or sentences. Don’t forget that many verbs are irregular in English. This means that they also have an irregular form for the past participle. You can find the list of the irregular verbs in the Summary of this unit on p. 3638. To help you study, find the irregular verbs that behave similarly. If you group them together and study them as one, you will find it easier to remember them. e.g. sink – sank – sunk and swim – swam – swum e.g. cut – cut – cut and put – put – put See p. 34-38 8 Complete the sentences with an appropriate verb in the present perfect (simple). Choose from te list. ask – to book / already – to get – to have – not to have – not to send – to talk – to write My name is Farah and I’m going to high school in the US this year. So far, I a blast here, especially this month, since I am helping to organize the spring prom. My friend Charlie and I are in charge of the decorations. As part of the student board we together a couple of times to discuss the Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN prom. We decided privately on a theme. Of course, we to the other

students to see if they agree on everything. In the end, we

to make any changes!

John and Tim a venue. Romi and Salma

the invitations but they them out yet. Some of the students and

even teachers us about our plans even though they know we

prefer to keep it all a secret. We want prom to be a fun night full of surprises! 9 Read the text in exercise 8 again and choose the correct answer. Then complete the sentences using a short answer. 1 Has Farah already had fun in the US? Yes, / No, 2 Has the student board had a meeting yet? Yes, / No, 3 Have Tim and John already booked a venue? Yes, / No, 4 Has Salma already sent the invitations? Yes, / No, 5 Have they told the teachers about their plans? Yes, / No, 6 Have you ever been to a prom? Yes, / No, 10 Make your own bucket list. a Preparation: make sure to study the irregular past participles well. In the bucket list below, circle all the irregular verbs. If you don’t know the correct form, look it up on p. 3638, and then practise with your classmates. b Action: – In the bucket list, tick the things you have already done. – Go around the class and ask your classmates about the activities and events on the bucket list. – Write down their answers using ’yet’ and ’already’. Write a full sentence. Me Classmate Bucket list 1 to bungee jump e.g. Khalid hasn’t bungee jumped yet. 2 to eat sushi 3 to lie to your parents to cheat on a test 5 to kiss someone 6 to steal something 7 to read a book in a day 8 to fly in an airplane 9 to run 10k

SPOKEN INTERACTION

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10

11 to go on a date

to visit Brussels

12 Me Classmate Bucket list

to turn 16

13 to babysit for a neighbour

– Write a paragraph (about 50 words) summarizing what the people in your class have already done or haven’t done yet. Choose at least five things you hadn’t expected.

WRITING 14 to practise Ramadan 15 to skip class 16 to sleep in a tent 17 to play tennis 18 to cook for your family c Reflection: check your task by filling in the checklist. Checklist: bucket list Yes I think so No 1 Preparation • I studied or reviewed the irregular past participles with my classmates. 2 Action • I indicated what I have already done. • I asked my classmates about things they have already done. • I wrote a sentence in the table about each activity. • I chose at least five surprising facts to write my summary. • I wrote about 50 words. 3 Language • I used the present perfect in my questions. • I used the present perfect in my answers. • I paid attention to my pronunciation. • I used the present perfect correctly in my summary. • I used correct spelling and punctuation. Feedback Proefhoofdstuk ©VAN IN