Demography of the United States
Presentation by, Population2016.com
INTRODUCTION • The U.S. Census Bureau currently estimates the country's population to be 322,579,000.The U.S. population almost quadrupled during the 20th century, from about 76 million in 1900. • The third most populous nation in the world, after China and India, the United States is the only major industrialized nation in which large population increases are projected. • As of December 2, 2015, the United States has a total resident population of 322,267,564, making it the third most populous country in the world. • It is very urbanized, with 81% residing in cities and suburbs as of 2014. • In the 1800s the average woman had 7.04 children, by the 1900s this number had decreased to 3.56.Since the early 1970s the birth rate has been below the replacement rate of 2.1 with 1.86 children per woman in 2014. • Foreign born immigration has caused the US population to continue its rapid increase with the foreign born population doubling from almost 20 million in 1990 to over 40 million in 2010, representing one third of the population increase. • The foreign born population reached 45 million in 2015.
Vital statistics Population
322,268,000 (3rd)
Density
84.54 people/sq mi (180th) 32.54 people/km2
Growth rate
0.77% (143rd)
Birth rate
13.42 births/1,000 population (147th)
Death rate
8.15/1,000 population (100th)
Life expectancy
79.56 years (36th)
• male
77.11 years
• female
81.94 years
Fertility rate
1.86 children/woman (123rd)
Infant mortality rate
6.17 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate
2.45 migrants/1,000 population
Map of population change in U.S. states from April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013.
Age structure 0–14 years
19.4%
15–64 years
66.2%
65 and over
14.5%
Population Growth
The worlds population is growing rapidly ď‚Ą The population of the world is growing at an exponential rate- its growing faster and faster. There are two things that affect the population size of the world: Birth rate- the number of live babies born per thousand of the population per year. Death rate-the number of deaths per thousand of the population per year. When the birth rate is higher than the death rate, more people are being born than are dying, so the population grows This is called Natural increase When the death rate is higher than the birth rate it is called the natural decrease.
Countries go through five stages of population growth These are shown by the Demographic transition model (DTM)
Poorer, less developed countries are in the earlier stages of the DTM, whilst richer more developed countries are in the later stages.
Population growth and structure Stage 1 • Birth rate is high because there's no use of contraception, and people have lots of children because many infants die. • Death rate is high due to poor healthcare. • Population growth rate is zero. • Population structure- life expectancy is low, so the population is made up of mainly young people. Stage 2 • Birth rate is high because there's no use of contraception, Also the economy is based on agriculture so people have lots of children to work on farms. • Death rate falls due to improved healthcare. • Population growth rate is very high. • Population structure- life expectancy has increased but there are still more young people than older people.
Stage 3 • Birth rate is rapidly falling due to the emancipation of women and better education. • The use of contraception increases and more women work instead of having children. • The economy also changes to manufacturing, so fewer children are needed to work on farms. • Death rate falls due to more medical advances. • Population growth rate is high • Population structure- more people are living to be older
Stage 4 • Birth rate is low- people move to urban areas , their wealth improves and they want more possessions. This means there is less money available for having children. • Death rate is low and fluctuating. • Population growth rate is zero. • Population structure- life expectancy is high, so even more people are living to be older.
Race / Ethnicity Americans Non-Hispanic White Non-Hispanic Black Non-Hispanic Asian
308,745,538 196,817,552 37,685,848 14,465,124
Non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native Non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander Non-Hispanic some other race Non-Hispanic two or more races Hispanic or Latino Total European American African Americans Asian American
0.7 %
481,576
0.2 %
308,745,538 223,553,265 38,929,319 14,674,252
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
100.0 % 63.7 % 12.2 % 4.7 %
2,247,098
604,265 5,966,481 50,477,594
Native Americans or Alaska Native
Some other race Two or more races Total Not Hispanic nor Latino White Hispanic Black Hispanic
Percentage of U.S. population
Number
0.2 % 1.9 % 16.4 % 100.0% 72.4 % 12.6 % 4.8 %
2,932,248
0.9 %
540,013
0.2 %
19,107,368 9,009,073 308,745,538 258,267,944 26,735,713 1,243,471
6.2 % 2.9 % 100.0% 83.6 % 8.7 % 0.4 %
American Indian or Alaska Native Hispanic
685,150
0.2 %
Asian Hispanic
209,128
0.1 %
58,437
0.0 %
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander Hispanic Some other race Hispanic Two or more races Hispanic Total
18,503,103 3,042,592 308,745,538
6.0 % 1.0 % 100.0%
Major religions by overall percentage (2007).
Population Movements • Migration is the movement of people from one area to another. • When people move into an area its called emigration. • When people leave an area its called emigration.
Migration happens because of push and pull factors Push factors are the things about a persons place of origin that make them decide to move.
Example Push factors
• Not being able to find a job. • Poor living conditions. • Natural disasters
Pull factors are things about a persons destination that attracts them to it.
Example Pull factors
• Job opportunities • Better standards of living
Immigration and emigration Inflow of New Legal Permanent Residents, Top Five Sending Countries, 2011 Country
2011
Mexico
143,446
China
87,016
India
69,013
Philippines
57,011
Dominican Rep.
46,019
Inflow of New Legal Permanent Residents by Region, 2011 Region
2011
Asia
451,593
Americas
419,996
Africa
100,336
Europe
83,635
All immigrants
1,062,040
Migration has positive and negative impacts Positive impacts Source country
Receiving country
Negative impacts
•
Reduced demand on services e.g. schools and hospitals
•
•
Money is sent back to the source country by emigrants
•
• •
Increased labour force- young people immigrate to find work. Migrant workers pay taxes that help to fund services
Labour shortage- its mostly people of working age that emigrate. Skills shortage – sometimes it’s the more highly educated people that emigrate.
•
Ageing population- there's a high proportion of older people left
•
Locals and immigrants compete for jobs- this can lead to tension and conflict. Increased demand for services e.g overcrowding in schools and hospitals
•
•
Not all the money by immigrants is spent in the destination country- some is sent to their country of origin.
Sex ratios at birth: 1.048 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2010 est.) Infant mortality rate total: 6.22 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.) Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.11 years male: 75.65 years female: 80.69 years (2010 est.) Total fertility rate 1.86 children born/woman (2014). Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Vital Statistics System
A population pyramid that shows the age of the population by sex in 2010.
Population of the USA by age and sex (demographic pyramid) as on 01 June, 2014.
U.S. Census Population projections (2012)
2015
2050
White Americans1
77.4%
70.8%
Non-Hispanic Whites
61.8%
46.6%
Black Americans2
13.2%
14.4%
Asian Americans2
5.3%
7.7%
Multiracial Americans2
2.6%
5.4%
Hispanics/Latinos (of any race)
17.8%
28.0%
1 Including Hispanics and Some other race 2 Including Hispanics
The U.S. total fertility rate by race and those of Hispanic origin Race
Number of births in 2013
2012
2013
White
2,985,757
1.886
1.868
Black
634,760
1.900
1.883
Asian
265,673
1.770
1.681
Native
45,991
1.350
1.335
Hispanic (of any race)
901,033
2.189
2.149
Total
3,932,181
1.881
1.858
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demography_of_the_United_States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Vital Statistics System http://population2016.com/