THE FIRST DECADES OF A NEW CENTURY
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the permits and fees. Each permit holder would transfer 20 percent of his or her herd to other fee areas each year, with the elimination of grazing in the park as the long-range goal. President Herbert Hoover issued a proclamation in 1931 that softened the shift of grazing allotments by allowing stockmen the "right to drive their animals across the southwestern addition to the park."51 By 1935 grazing had been eliminated from Bryce Canyon's north-central region, and the two services moved ahead to faze it out in the rest of the park. The National Park Service encouraged the Grazing Service "to find nearby ranges on which stock then grazing in Bryce Canyon could be easily transferred." In 1940 only four park permit holders remained: Findlay Brothers, with 500 sheep for one month; John Johnson, 1,000 sheep for one month; Samuel Pollock, 824 sheep for one month; and the East Fork Cattle Association, with 802 cattle and horses for 10 percent of the year—most likely during the summer. Johnson sold his sheep in 1944 and went into cattle raising; the Findlays did the same in 1945, and Pollock sold his sheep in 1946, thus ending sheep grazing at Bryce Canyon. Johnson's cattle grazing came into question when he divided his forest grazing permit among several members of his family. The Forest Service policy prevented transfer of permits within the park area, and those permits were canceled. By 1953 only the Findlay Brothers (288 cattle) and the East Fork Cattle Association (484 cattle) retained grazing rights. The East Fork Cattle Association subsequently voluntarily phased out its cattle in the park. The Findlay Brothers became somewhat of a problem. One of their main water sources was Riggs Spring on the Lower Podunk in the park, an area with very little forage and therefore subject to more long-range damage. After much trouble, the National Park Service appropriated funds in 1964 to pipe water from the spring to a trough located outside the park. The service then completed fencing the park boundary, thus ending livestock grazing in the park environs. 52
Advancements
in Garfield
Communities
As mentioned, cooperative effort produced a fine new school for Cannonville. Just prior to that venture, area members of the LDS church worked together to build a beautiful new house of worship
