Utah on the National Register: County Snapshots by Utah Historical Society

Utah on the National Register: County Snapshots

Prepared By State Historic Preservation Office Utah Division of State History 300 S. Rio Grande St. Salt Lake City, UT 84101 February 2016 Contributors Utah Division of State History Brad Westwood, State Historic Preservation Officer Chris Merritt, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer (Archaeology) Roger Roper, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer (Buildings) Chris Hansen, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer (Buildings) Cory Jensen, National Register Coordinator Deb Miller, Assistant Records Manager (Archaeology) Amy Barry, Project Manager Christina Epperson, GIS Analyst Utah State Parks Don Merritt, Curator, Fremont Indian State Park Luella Merritt,Volunteer, Fremont Indian State Park Others Doug Page, Independent Researcher

his document has been financed in part with federal funds from the National Park Service, U. S. Department of the Interior, under provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended. While approved by the National Park Service in meeting the requirements of the Act, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the view or policies of the Department of the Interior.

nder Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, the U. S. Department of Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or disability or age of its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any such program, activity, or facility or in the information presented, or if you desire more information, please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity U. S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street, NW Washington, DC 20240

he National Register of Historic Places only exists because of its association with the federal National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and it is turning 50 years old in 2016. We are pleased to celebrate the National Historic Preservation Act's 50th birthday in 2016. The NHPA is a cornerstone of American historic preservation. It was created in the belief that too many important historic places were being lost to post-World War II development and construction and that the federal government could (and should) play an important role in protecting places that embody the United States' cultural heritage. Over the past 50 years, the NHPA has been amended numerous times to better serve historic preservation work. This book is a small selection of Utahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s contribution to this effort. Americaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s relationship with its downtowns and neighborhoods, its countryside, and with the physical reminders of its past changed fundamentally when President Lyndon Johnson signed the NHPA on October 15, 1966. The country officially recognized the value of historic preservation and chose to preserve and protect the irreplaceable resources of history evident in cities, towns, and rural areas across the land. These words, enshrined in the Preamble to the NHPA, still inspire: The Congress finds and declares that: (a) the spirit and direction of the Nation are founded upon and reflected in its historic heritage; (b) the historical and cultural foundations of the Nation would be preserved as a living part of our community life and development in order to give a sense of orientation to the American people...

Beaver County Courthouse Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE NATIONAL REGISTER

ontrary to some rumors, there are no restrictions associated with a National Register listing. Owners do not have to open their buildings to the public, nor do they need anyoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s approval for anything they do to their buildings. This is primarily an honorific designation intended to recognize important buildings, structures, and sites and to encourage their preservation. National Register listing does not affect the property taxes or how the buildings may be used.

NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATIONS Any interested person can research and nominate any property to the National Register. However, the legal owner has the right to object to, and prevent, the listing of their private property. To be considered for the National Register: • A building must be at least 50 years old. • Retain its architectural integrity. Would the original owner still recognize the building? • Be “significant.” This significance can be national, statewide, or even local, but it must fall within at least one of the following categories: A. Association with important events, B. Association with significant persons, C. Architectural significance, or D. Archaeological significance. Nominating a property is an involved process that requires research and writing skills and architectural and historical knowledge. Because of the time involved and the scrutiny of the reviewers, we typically recommend that interested building owners hire a consultant to do the work for them. Please contact our NR staff (801-245-7242) for guidance on preparing nominations.

Photo Hovenweep National Monument

BUILDINGS & STRUCTURES ON NATIONAL REGISTER Beaver Box Elder Cache Carbon Daggett Davis Duchesne Emery Garfield Grand Iron Juab Kane Millard Morgan Piute Rich Salt Lake San Juan Sanpete Sevier Summit Tooele Uintah Utah Wasatch Washington Wayne Weber

111 36 71 16 2 50 2 15 18 10 13 10 12 17 6 2 2 307 13 70 20 105 18 12 154 34 64 11 58

HISTORIC DISTRICTS ON NATIONAL REGISTER Beaver Box Elder Cache Carbon Daggett Davis Duchesne Emery Garfield Grand Iron Juab Kane Millard Morgan Piute Rich Salt Lake San Juan Sanpete Sevier Summit Tooele Uintah Utah Wasatch Washington Wayne Weber

1 3 3 2 2 4 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 27 3 5 0 2 0 1 11 1 6 1 6

BENEFITS OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER Recognition: Owners may receive an official certificate of designation and purchase an official plaque that can be placed on the building. Contact Chris Hansen (clhansen@utah.gov) at State History for information about purchasing a plaque. Rehabilitation Tax Credits: There is a state income tax credit for residential buildings, and a federal income tax credit for “income-producing” buildings, saving owners 20% of the cost rehabilitating listed buildings. Contact Nelson Knight (nwknight@utah.gov) for more information. Grants: The very limited grants that might be available are usually channeled through local historic preservation commissions. Loans: The Utah Heritage Foundation (UHF), a statewide non-profit organization, administers loan programs for historic buildings. See the UHF website for details or call 801-533-0858. Building Code Leniency: Officially designated historic buildings may not have to comply with all building code requirements. Local Zoning Variance: Most communities have provisions that allow designated historic buildings to be used for purposes other than what the zone requires (e.g. a bed-and-breakfast in a historic home in a residential neighborhood). Property Values: A National Register listing can be a catalyst for increasing property values. Local preservation ordinances, where present, may have some implication for buildings listed on local registers, but the local register process is entirely separate from the National Register process. Archie Creek Railroad Tie Cutter Cabin, Uintah Mountains Photo Credit: Amy Barry

BEAVER COUNTY B

eaver County, organized 1856. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,629. Its county seat and largest city is Beaver. The county was named for the abundance of beavers in the area. There are 109 individual buildings, 2 structures, 2 archaeological sites, and 1 historic district within Beaver County listed on the National Register, ranking 5th in the state for listings.

Other National Register Places of Interest: • Minersville City Hall, 600 W. Main St. • Beaver Relief Society Meetinghouse, 25 N. 1st E. • Upper Beaver Hydroelectric Power Plant, UT 153, 10 miles east of Beaver • U.S. Post Office, Beaver, 20 S. Main St.

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/beaver.html Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

eaver County Courthouse

Construction of the Beaver County Courthouse began in 1876 and was completed in 1882, at a cost of $10,960. Fire partially destroyed the structure in 1889, but it was soon rebuilt with many improvements. The courthouse is a good public building example of the Victorian style. The building is now home to the Beaver Daughters of the Utah Pioneers Museum, operated in the summer months by the DUP.

BOX ELDER COUNTY B

ox Elder County, organized 1856. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 49,975. Its county seat and largest city is Brigham City. The county was named for the box elder trees with which the county abounds. The County boasts 3 historic architectural districts and two archaeological districts, 34 individual buildings, 2 structures, and 2 sites on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Box Elder County Courthouse, 1 N. Main St., Brigham City • Plymouth School, 135 S. Main St., Plymouth • Methodist Episcopal Church, Colorado and S. 600, Corinne • Carnegie Library, 86 W. Factory St., Garland

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/box_elder.html

illard Historic District

Listed in the National Register in 1974, the Willard Historic District was Utahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first designated NR district and is one of the largest groupings of pioneer-era homes in the state. Built between 1861 and 1881, the residential architecture of the 1 Â˝ and 2-story stone homes reflect Greek Revival and Gothic styles. Shadrach Jones, a Welsh stone mason, was the primary builder of the homes in the district.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

ld Main at Utah State University

Architect C.L. Thompson drew up plans for Old Main on the campus of the Agricultural College of Utah (now Utah State University) in 1889, and it was constructed by Sommer, Peterson and Company of Logan in 1890. This architecturally significant building, which sits at the top of Old Main Hill, is done in the Victorian Eclectic and Victorian Romanesque Revival style and is the oldest continually used building at an institution of higher education in Utah.

CACHE COUNTY C

ache County, organized 1857. As of the 2010 Census the population was 112,656. Its county seat and largest city is Logan, which is also home to Utah State University. The county’s name stems from the area’s rich legacy of fur trappers during the early 19th century, when Rocky Mountain Fur Company trappers stashed (or cached) furs in the valley. There are 69 buildings, 2 structures, 2 archaeological sites, and 3 historic building districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Other National Register Places of Interest: • Interurban Railroad Depot, 196 W. Main St., Richmond • Whittier School, 280 N. 400 E., Logan • Tony Grove Ranger Station, US 89, 23 miles east of Logan • Wellsville Tabernacle, 75 S 100 E, Wellsville

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/cache.html

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

CARBON COUNTY

arbon County, organized 1894. With a population of over 21,300, Carbon County receives its name from the abundant coal deposits found in the region during the late 19th century that was the centerpiece of the local economy for decades. Price is both the county seat and the largest city in Carbon County. There are16 buildings, 310 archaeological sites, 2 historic building districts and 1 archaeological district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Helper Commercial District • Notre Dame de Lourdes Catholic Church, 200 N. Carbon Ave, Price • Clerico Commercial Building, 4985 N. Spring Glen Rd., Spring Glen • Hellenic Orthodox Church of the Assumption, 61 S. 2nd E., Price

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/carbon.html

ine Mile Canyon MPS

Nine Mile Canyon contains more than 800 known archaeological sites and has thousands yet undocumented. Rock art sites are the most common with many different styles common to the Great Basin, Great Plains and Colorado Plateau. Most rock art was created by the Fremont culture, who lived and farmed in the area from A.D. 600 to 1300. Other sites in the canyon include villages, granaries, and historic-era homesteads and inscriptions. A coalition of federal, state, and local agencies, with the support of the public, created a large multiple property listing for the Canyonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s archaeological resources to honor what some call the longest art gallery in the world.

DAGGETT COUNTY D

aggett County, organized 1919. The last of Utah’s 29 counties to be established, Daggett County is made up of really only two communities, Manila (the county seat) and Dutch John. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,059, making it the least populous county in Utah. The county was named for Ellsworth Daggett, the first surveyor-general of Utah. There are 1 building, 1 structure, 1 archaeological site and 2 historic building districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Ute Mountain Fire Tower, southwest of Manila • John Jarvie Historic Ranch District, southwest of Brown’s Park

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/daggett.html

wett Ranch

The Swett Ranch is representative of the pioneer homestead carved out of the western wilderness around the turn-of-the-century. The significance of the ranch is that evidence of its earliest stages of development, dating from 1909, still exist alongside more recent ones. Oscar Swett built five homes for his expanding family and the homestead eventually totaled 227 acres, with a canal, fences, agricultural outbuildings and other historic resources. Oscar and his wife raised 9 children and operated the ranch with limited resources.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

DAVIS COUNTY D

avis County, organized 1850. One of the seven original counties of the State of Deseret, Davis County boasts a population of over 350,000. The County was named after Daniel C. Davis (1804-1850), who was a prominent leader of the Mormon Battalion. The County Seat is Farmington, with Layton being its largest city. There are 47 individual buildings, 3 structures, and 4 historic districts listed on the National Register. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Farmington Main Street Historic District • Bountiful Historic District • Kaysville Tabernacle, 198 W Center, Kaysville

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/davis.html

agoon Roller Coaster

Built in 1921, the Lagoon Roller Coaster was designed by John A. Miller for the Lagoon Amusement Park in Farmington, Davis County, Utah. The roller coaster is a wooden structure measuring approximately 690 feet in length, including the station and waiting area. The coaster is 62 feet high at it tallest point. The design is classified as a double out and back coaster with a total track length of 2,598 feet. In November 1953, the original station and a portion of the lift hill were destroyed by fire. The lift hill as designed by Miller was recreated in 1954, but the new station was rebuilt in the Post-War Streamline Moderne style. It is the sixth oldest roller coaster in the world and the fourth oldest in the United States.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

tockmore Ranger Station

Built around 1914 by the Ashley National Forest, the Stockmore Ranger Station is an extant reminder of the early days of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) in Utah. One of the earliest remaining structures on the Ashley built specifically by the USFS to house a ranger it has seen little alteration since its original conception. It is a good example of the facilities in which the overseers of the forest lived during the first few decades of the Forest Serviceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s existence.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

DUCHESNE COUNTY

uchesne County, organized 1913. The county’s population is over 20,000 and is currently dominated by agricultural pursuits and the oil and gas extraction industry. Duchesne is the county seat with the largest city being Roosevelt. Trapper William H. Ashly named the Duchesne River in the early 1800s, but the origin of the word is unknown. It could be Ute, a Catholic nun, or even a French fur-trapper. There are 2 historic buildings, 35 archaeological sites, and 1 historic building district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Indian Canyon Ranger Station, UT 30, Duchesne

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/duchesne.html

EMERY COUNTY

mery County, organized 1880. With the county seat in Castle Dale and the largest city being Huntington, there are over 11,000 residents of Emery County. Over the last 150 years, the county’s economy has been dominated by agriculture and coal production. The county was named after George W. Emery, who was the Governor of Utah Territory from 1875 to 1880. There are 13 buildings, 2 structures, 4 archaeological sites, and 1archaeological district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • San Rafael Bridge, County Road 3-32, 23 miles southeast of Castle Dale • Roller Mill and Miller’s House, 400 N. St., Huntington • Denver and Rio Grande Lime Kilns, southeast of Cleveland • Emery LDS Church, 100 E 100 N, Emery

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/emery.html

reen River Presbyterian Church

Constructed in 1906-07, the Green River Presbyterian Church is architecturally significant as an excellent example of the Victorian Gothic style. It is historically significant as the first church built in the town and as an important early example of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;community churchâ&#x20AC;? phase of the Protestant church activity in predominantly Mormon Utah.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

oombs Village/Anasazi State Park

The Coombs Village at Anasazi State Park is a 12th century Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) habitation site in Boulder, Utah. Archaeological excavations over the past half-century recovered 162,000 artifacts across nearly 100 room structures. Tree-ring dating indicates that the site was built by A.D. 1160 and occupied until A.D. 1235. The presence of pottery from Mesa Verde suggests that the residents had long-distance trade relations with this community nearly 500 miles away. Only about half of the site has even been excavated, leaving more stories yet to be told. The site was turned into a Utah State Park in 1960 when the state, town of Boulder, and Garfield County purchased the private lands to protect and interpret the site.

Photo Credit: Mike Nelson, Utah State Parks

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/garfield.html

GARFIELD COUNTY

arfield County, organized 1882. With just over 5,000 residents, Garfield County is Utah’s fifth-least populated county with the county seat in Panguitch. Speaking to the recent assassination of the United States’ 20th President, the Utah Territory named this county in honor of the late James A. Garfield. There are 14 buildings, 4 structures, 4 archaeological sites, 2 historic building districts, and 1 archaeological districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Panguitch Historic District • Escalante Historic District • Bryce Canyon Lodge and Deluxe Cabins • Panguitch Social Hall, 50 E Center, Panguitch

rthur Taylor House

Constructed in 1894-1896 for Arthur Taylor and his family, a prominent Moab ranching family, the home is a good intact example of the social and economic aspects of late-19th century ranching in this area of Utah. Specifically, the financing of the two-story, brick and sandstone,Victorian Eclectic style home was made Photo Credit: Christina Epperson possible by the profits made in the sheep industry. The bricks for the home were made by a member of the For more information on the county, see State Historyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website: family, Elmer Taylor. http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/grand.html

GRAND COUNTY

rand County, organized 1890. Named for the Grand River, which is now known as the Colorado River, Grand County has over 10,000 residents with most centered in the largest city and county seat, Moab. Grand County is known for its natural beauty and recreational opportunities, including Arches National Park. There are 8 buildings, 2 structures, 8 archaeological sites, 1 historic building district and 1 archaeological district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Dalton Wells CCC Camp, US 191, 13 miles north of Moab • Wolfe Ranch Historic District, north of Moab in Arches National Park • Apache Motel, 166 S. 400 E., Moab • Star Hall, 159 E. Center St., Moab

IRON COUNTY

ron County, organized 1851. One of the original counties for the State of Deseret, Iron County was founded as a colony of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, primarily for the extraction and processing of the area’s rich iron ore deposits. Currently, there are over 50,000 residents with the largest city being Cedar City and the county seat in Parowan. There are 13 buildings, 3 archaeological sites, 1 historic building district, and 2 archaeological districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Other National Register Places of Interest: • Cedar City Historic District • Parowan Gap Petrolyphs, 11 miles west of Parowan • Parowan Meetinghouse, Center St. and Main St., Parowan • Railroad Depot, 220 N. Main St.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/iron.html

edar City Post Office

The Cedar City Post Office is a well-preserved example of a medium-sized combination post office and federal office building. The two-story, red brick, raised basement, Neo-Classical style building was constructed in 1933. The building is a legacy of the massive public buildings programs of the Depression era. City residents raised additional funds to help construct this building, even during the hard years of the Great Depression. The building was rehabilitated in the 1970s, and is used today to house several city offices.

JUAB COUNTY J

uab County, organized 1852. An original county to the Territory of Utah, Juab County now has over 11,000 residents, with most centered in the county seat of Nephi. The county’s name comes from a Ute word for flat or level plain. There are 8 buildings, 2 structures, 9 archaeological sites, 1 historic building district, and 1 archaeological district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • County Jail, 45 W. Center St., Nephi • Eureka Historic District • U.S. Post Office, 10 N. Main, Nephi

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/juab.html

ullion Beck Headframe

This massive headframe is the key remnant of the Bullion Beck & Champion Mining Company. Discovered in 1871 by John Beck, the Bullion Beck became one of Eureka's big four mines. Constructed about 1890, these gallows were housed under a frame structure that measured 40 x 119 feet and approximately 70 feet in height. The Bullion Beck & Champion Company Headframe forms part of the Eureka Historic District listed in the National Register of Historic Places on March 14, 1979.

Photo Credit: Chris Rohrer, Division of Oil, Gas & Mining

KANE COUNTY K

ane County, organized 1864. With over 8,000 residents, Kane County’s economy is largely farming and ranching, but in the early 1900s many Hollywood films were shot in the area. Kanab is both the largest city and the county seat. Settlers named the county after Thomas L. Kane, a former U.S. military officer and friend to the Latter-day Saints. There are 12 buildings and 3 archaeological sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Union Pacific Lodge, 86 S. 200 W., Kanab • Mt. Carmel School and Church, Off UT-89 • Valley School, Off UT-89, Orderville

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/kane.html

aynard Dixon House and Studio

The Maynard Dixon and Edith Hamlin House and Studio are significant as the only structures in Utah closely associated with these nationally renowned artists. Dixon and his artist wife, Edith Hamlin, had this small complex of buildings constructed between 1939 and about 1948. It served as their summer home and studio during the last several years of Dixonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life, during which he remained very active in his career as a painter and even completed some of his best-known work. Dixon is regarded as one of the most distinctive and accomplished early 20th century American painters of Western landscapes.

MILLARD COUNTY

illard County, organized 1851. Both the county and the county seat, Fillmore, were named for the 13th President of the United States, Millard Fillmore. Delta is the largest community in the county, with the total county counting over 13,000 residents. There are 16 buildings, 1 structure, 10 archaeological sites, 1 historic building district, and 1 archaeological district listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

erritorial State House

Designed by early prominent Utah’s Territorial Capitol stan It was located centrally in Uta “Saints” throughout the territ federal money, but after funds problems. Construction start dedicated by the Fifth Utah Te the south wing of the original

Other National Register Places of Interest: • Scipio Town Hall • Millard Academy, off US 6-50, Hinckley • Topaz Japanese War Relocation Center, 16 miles northwest of Delta NHL • Cove Fort, 2 miles east of I-15

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/millard.html

architect Truman O. Angell in the Federal style, nds as a monument to its early territorial history. ah by Brigham Young who planned to settle the tory. Its construction was financed in part by s were withheld because of the Mormon War ted in 1852 and it was completed enough to be erritorial Legislature in December of 1855. Only l proposed building was constructed.

organ Union Pacific Depot

The brick and stucco Mission and Spanish Revival style of the Morgan Union Pacific Depot, built in 1926, is significant for its role in the transportation history of the Weber Valley, reflecting the importance of the Union Pacific Railroad to the economy and development of the city of Morgan, the only incorporated city in Morgan County. The depot is the only extant building on its original site associated with the railroad in Morgan.

MORGAN COUNTY M

organ County, organized 1862. With Morgan as the county seat, the county has a population of over 10,000 people, many engaged in farming and ranching. The county received its name from Jedediah Morgan Grant, a prominent leader of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and father of LDS Church President Heber J. Grant. There are 5 buildings and 1 structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • South Round Valley School, 1925 E. Round Valley Rd. Morgan • Mormon Flat Breastworks, South of Henefer, East Canyon State Park, • Elementary School, 75 N. 100 E., Morgan

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/morgan.html

PIUTE COUNTY P

iute County, organized 1865. With only a little over 1,600 residents, Piute County is the second least populated county in the state. The largest community is Circleville, with Junction being the county seat. Local bands of the Paiute who continue to live in the region are the reason for the countyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s name. There are only 2 buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Photo Credit: Don Merritt

For more information on the county, see State Historyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/piute.html

iute County Courthouse

The courthouse was designed by Provo architect R.C. Watkins and constructed by Young, Allen and Morrill for the cost of $7,670 in 1903. As the most prominent historic building in the county, it stands as a monument to the building skills of early residents of Utah and their public commitment.

andolph Tabernacle

Construction started on the Victorian Eclectic and Eastlake style Randolph Tabernacle in 1898. The brick walls were completed in 1901, and the roof finished in 1904, when the first meeting was held. The two-story tower was completed in 1909 and the building was dedicated in 1914. The architect of the building also served as the bishop of the Randolph LDS Ward from 1901-1921.

For more information on the county, see State Historyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/rich.html

RICH COUNTY

ich County, organized 1865. With only a little over 2,300 residents, Rich County is the third least populated county in the state. Garden City, on the shores of Bear Lake, is the largest town with the county seat based in Randolph. There are two competing stories for the naming of the county, one being that the area was rich in fertile soil, and the second being named for Charles C. Rich an LDS leader. There are only 2 buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: â&#x20AC;˘ Woodruff Stake Tithing House. 50 S Main, Woodruff

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

SALT LAKE COUNTY S

alt Lake County, organized 1849. As one of the original counties of the State of Deseret, Salt Lake County now has over one million residents, making it the most populated county in the state. Salt Lake City is the largest community in the county and is also the county seat. There are 304 buildings, 3 structures, 4 archaeological sites, 27 historic building districts, and 2 objects listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Other National Register Places of Interest: • Murray Hillside Historic District • Ivanhoe Apartments, 417 E. 300 S., Salt Lake City • Copperton Historic District • Avenues Historic District

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/salt_lake.html

tah State Capitol

The architecturally and historically significant Utah State Capitol was built from 1912 to 1916. It was designed by master architect Richard K.A. Kletting in the Beaux Arts and Neoclassical style. It is made with almost entirely Utah labor and materials. The exterior combination of marble and sandstone walls, along with many monolithic columns, are key character-defining features. On the interior, elaborate finishes and massive murals and paintings decorate the wall. A major restoration of the building was completed in 2008.

dge of the Cedars Indian Ruin (State Park)

Now a Utah State Park, the Edge of Cedars Indian Ruin was first occupied by Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) peoples between A.D. 825 to A.D. 1130. The site contains numerous apartment-like stone rooms and kivas, or ceremonial structures, including one that measures 45â&#x20AC;&#x2122; in diameter. Archaeologists uncovered a unique copper bell at the site, which was the first to be found in Utah and likely came from central or southern Arizona or northern Mexico. After receiving donated lands from the Utah Navajo Development Council in 1974, a Utah State Park and Museum was designated and offers visitors a world class experience in the peoples who lived and worked in San Juan County a thousand years ago.

Photo Credit: Teri Paul, Utah State Parks

SAN JUAN COUNTY S

an Juan County, organized 1880. With its county seat in Monticello, San Juan County has over 15,000 residents, many of whom are various groups of Native Americans, including the Navajo and Ute. Blanding is the largest city in the county. The Utah State Legislature named the county after the San Juan River, which was named by Spanish explorers for Saint John. There are 12 buildings, 1 structure, 10 archaeological sites, 3 historic building districts, and 7 archaeological districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • St. Christopher’s Episcopal Mission, UT163, Bluff • Hyland Hotel, 116 S. 100 W. , Monticello • Bluff Historic District

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/san_juan.html

anti Temple

Photo Credit: Don Merritt

A superb example of Mormon Temple architecture, the decision to build the Manti Temple was announced in 1875 by Brigham Young, and it was completed in 1888. The temple sits prominently on a large hill in the very northeast corner of Manti. Designed by William Harrison Folsom, the temple incorporates various architectural styles and is made of oolite limestone that was quarried from the hill on which the temple stands.

SANPETE COUNTY

anpete County, organized 1850. Named for the Ute leader, Sanpitch, Sanpete County has over 30,000 residents, with its county seat in Manti. Ephraim, located north of Manti, is the largest city in the county. Sanpete County is home to Snow College, and is famous for its plentiful turkey farms. There are 70 buildings and 3 historic building districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Other National Register Places of Interest: • Amusement Hall, 75 S. State St., Fairview • Casino Star Theatre, 78 S. Main St., Gunnison • Spring City Historic District • Wasatch Academy, Off U.S. 89, Mount Pleasant

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/sanpete.html

SEVIER COUNTY S

evier County, organized 1862. Sevier County’s largest city and county seat is Richfield, with dozens of other smaller agricultural communities along the rich valleys. The county received its name from the Sevier River, which likely derives from the Spanish Dominquez and Escalante expedition through the area in 1776. There are 19 buildings, 1 structure, 2 archaeological sites, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Town Hall, 18 W. Main St., Redmond • Presbyterian Church, 204 S. 1st E., Salina • City Hall,10 N. Main St., Monroe • White Rock Schoolhouse, 25 S. 100 E., Elsinore

Photo Credit: Don Merritt

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/sevier.html

lenwood Cooperative Mercantile

The Glenwood Mercantile was erected by the United Order Building Board in 1878 as the retail operation of the Glenwood United Order. The oldest commercial outlet in Sevier County, it is one of the few remaining cooperative stores in all of Utah built during the United Order movement of the 1870s. In 1912 the building was remodeled, and the pressed tin pilasters flanking the entrance alcove and the carved wood cornice were made part of the new facade.

cPolin Farmstead

The McPolin Farmstead, built between 1921-1954, is significant for representing the agricultural industry necessary to support the burgeoning silver mining industry and developing town of Park City. The influx of miners and their families created local demand for fresh produce. Large Improvement-era barns were the result of early twentieth century efforts to create more efficient farms and to increase the quantity and quality of farm products. The McPolin Farmstead, along with its large expanse of pastureland, is one of the most visible and best-preserved historic farmsteads in the Park City area.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State Historyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/summit.html

SUMMIT COUNTY

ummit County, organized 1861. A county of two histories, one of agricultural communities and a second of heavily capitalized silver mining endeavors, the county seat is in Coalville. Park City, a former mining boom town, is the largest city in the county. The county likely received its name from the high mountain peaks, or summits, that surround all the edges of the county boundaries. There are 102 buildings, 3 structures, 2 archaeological sites, 2 historic building districts, and 2 archaeological districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Miners Hospital, 1354 Park Ave, Park City • U.S. Post Office, 3455 S. Echo Rd., Echo • Boyden Block, 2 S. Main St., Coalville • Summit County Courthouse, 60 N. Main St., Coalville • Park City Main Street Historic District

TOOELE COUNTY

ooele County, organized 1850. As one of the original counties of the State of Deseret, Tooele County now has a population of over 60,000. Tooele is the largest city and also the county seat. It is suspected that the name Tooele, originally spelled “Tuilla,” comes from a Native American word or leader but is currently unknown. There are 18 buildings and six archaeological sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Carnegie Library, 47 E.Vine St., Tooele • Wendover Air Force Base, Wendover • Bonneville Salt Flats Race Track, 3 miles east of Wendover • Danger Cave Archaeological Site, 1 mile northeast of Wendover

Photo Credit: Doug Page, Independent Researcher

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/tooele.html

oldier Creek Kilns

The Soldier Creek Kilns near Stockton date from 1860. Listed in the National Register in 1980, the listing included 14 contributing structures over 30 acres, including four smelting kilns which are a good representation of the smelting technology at the time that was brought from California and elsewhere across the country.

ank of Vernal

Designed by the prominent Salt Lake City architect Bernard O. Mecklenberg, The Bank of Vernal, built in 1916, is a two-story commercial block built of brick with stylistic influences from the late Victorian and early twentieth century commercial styles. The building is one of the most ornate in the town’s historic business district. The bank is particularly notable for the story of its construction. In the spring of 1916, forty tons of bricks were sent parcel post as an alternative to the high cost of freighting goods to the outpost community. As a result of “the bank sent by mail,” the United States Postal Service changed nationwide regulations limiting the amount sent by parcel post. The building is locally known as the Parcel Post Bank, and its story has been told in magazine and newspaper articles throughout the country.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/uintah.html

UINTAH COUNTY Na tion al Register listed bu ilding

intah County, organized 1880. Boasting the most natural gas production in Utah, Uintah County has a population of over 33,000. Vernal is both the largest city and the county seat. The County’s name derives from part of the Ute Indian tribe who live in the region. There are 12 buildings, 4 archaeological sites, 1 historic building district, and 1 archaeological district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • St. Paul’s Episcopal Church and Lodge, 226 W. Main St.,Vernal • Tithing Office, NW Corner of 500 W. and 200 S.,Vernal • Washington School, 270 N. 500 W.,Vernal

eed Smoot House

The house was built in 1892 for Reed Smoot, a Provo businessman who later became a U.S. senator. Smoot drew the preliminary specifications for the house, and architect Richard K.A. Kletting completed the design. The 2 1/2-story brick house cost four thousand dollars to complete. Victorian Eclectic and Romanesque Revival in design, the home has significant ties with Utahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s early political and religious history. This is one of Utahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 14 National Historic Landmarks, a special designation that honors the national significance of this building and its past resident.

UTAH COUNTY U

tah County, organized 1850. As the second-most populated county in the state, Utah County has over 500,000 residents. The largest city is Provo, which is also the county seat. Spanish explorers named the Ute living in Utah County, as “Yuta,” hence the modern name of both the county and the state. There are 149 buildings, 5 structures, 7 archaeological sites, and 11 historic building districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Springville Historic District • Roller Mills, 700 E. Main St., Lehi • City Hall, 31 Church St. , American Fork • Moyle House and Indian Tower, 606 E. 770 N., Alpine • Stagecoach Inn, Fairfield

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/utah.html

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

WASATCH COUNTY W

asatch County, organized 1862. Created by the Territorial Legislature, Wasatch County has over 24,000 residents with the county seat and largest community being Heber City. The name “Wasatch” comes from a Ute word for “mountain pass” or “low place in the high mountains.” Some areas of the county were settled by Swiss and Scandinavian immigrants, leading to unique building styles in the area. There are 34 buildings and 1 historic building district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Social Hall, 71 E. Main St., Midway • Wasatch Saloon, Main St., Heber City • Tabernacle, 100 N. 100 W., Heber City • Schneitter Hotel, 700 N. Homestead Dr., Midway

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/wasatch.html

ohn Huber House & Creamery

The property consists of an 1878 one-story, frame, hall-parlor house, an approximately 1880s 1 1/2-story creamery, and some of the surrounding orchard and farmland are an original part of the Huber Farmstead. The original owner, John Huber, was a Swiss immigrant who was an instrumental LDS Church missionary, bringing scores of converts to settle in Utah and Midway during the late nineteenth century.

WASHINGTON COUNTY W

ashington County, organized 1856. Located in the southwest corner of the state, Washington County is now the fifth-most populated county at over 140,000 residents. St. George is both the largest community and the county seat. The county was named in honor of the first president of the United States, George Washington. There are 45 buildings, 19 structures, 3 archaeological sites, 6 historic building districts, and 2 archaeological districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Grafton Historic District • Grotto Trail, Zion National Park • Library/City Hall, 35 W. State St., Hurricane • Zion Lodge Historic District

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/washington.html

eeds CCC Camp Historic District

Built in 1933, the Leeds Civilian Conservation Corps Camp is significant as perhaps the best remaining example of a CCC camp in Utah. The remaining camp consists of four buildings, stone retaining walls, terraces and stairs. These camps were typically built of a relatively temporary form of construction, and the surviving buildings at the Leeds Camp present an important view of these facilities in Utah. The Leeds CCC Camp was closed in 1942.

WAYNE COUNTY W

ayne County, organized 1892. With only 3,000 residents, Wayne County is the fourth-least populated county in the state. Loa is the county seat and the largest community in the county. When the county was formed, a Utah state legislator, Willis E. Robison, named the county in honor of his son Wayne. There are 11 buildings, 2 structures, 7 archaeological sites, 1 historic building district, 2 archaeological districts, and 2 objects listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • Fruita Rural Historic District, Along UT-24 from Sulphur Creek • Tithing Granary, Off UT-117, Teasdale • Log Church/Schoolhouse, 49 E. Main St., Torrey

Photo Credit: Don Merritt

For more information on the county, see State History’s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/wayne.html

ielson Gristmill

The large two-story gristmill features a wood frame and sandstone foundation. The mill was constructed in 1890 for Hans Peter Nielson, a miller who was born in Denmark and came to Utah in 1863. The mill was built by Niels Hansen, also born in Denmark and a carpenter by trade. Mr. Nielson ran the mill until his death in 1909.

Photo Credit: National Register Historic Properties File/Chris Hansen

eber River Railroad Bridge

The Weber River Railroad Bridge, built in 1897, is significant for being the only known Pegram truss span in use in its original location in the United States and is the oldest known railroad bridge in Utah in its original location. The bridge represents an outgrowth of the railroadâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s boom era of growth and expansion in Ogden during the late nineteenth century. The bridge is located on the first railroad line, as directed by Brigham ielson Gristmill Young, in Utah after the Transcontinental Railroad was completed. The large two-story gristmill features a wood frame and sandstone foundation. The mill was constructed in 1890 for Hans Peter Nielson, a miller who was born in Denmark and came to Utah in 1863. The mill was built by Niels Hansen, also born in Denmark and a carpenter by trade. Mr. Nielson ran the mill until his death in 1909.

For more information on the county, see State Historyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website: http://ilovehistory.utah.gov/place/counties/weber.html

WEBER COUNTY

eber County, organized 1850. As one of the original counties of the State of Deseret, Weber County now has a population of over 230,000, making it the fourth-most populated county in the state. Ogden is both the county seat and the largest community in the county. The county was named after the Weber River, which was named originally for the fur trapper John Henry Weber in the 1820s. There are 58 buildings, 1 structure, and 6 historic building districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Other National Register Places of Interest: • American Can Company, 2030 Lincoln Ave., Ogden • Union Station, 25th St. at Wall Ave., Ogden • Peery’s Egyptian Theatre, 2439 Washington Blvd., Ogden • Congregation B’rith Sholem Synagogue, 2750 Grant St. Ogden

National Historic Landmarks

As of 2016 Utah has 14 National Historic Landmarks (NHL), which is the fourth fewest in the United States, only ahead of Delaware (13), Nevada (8), and North Dakota(6). A NHL is a special category of nationally significant properties designated by the Secretary of Interior of the United States and involves the National Park Service directly in its management. The first NHL listed in Utah was the prominent archaeological site of Danger Cave near Wendover in 1961, while the most recent is the Mountain Meadows Massacre Site near Enterprise in 2011. There are plans for additional NHLs in Utah, though much work needs to be done.

Danger Cave, Tooele County, Designated January 20, 1961

Located just outside East Wendover, Danger Cave is a prehistoric rock shelter first excavated by Elmer Smith in the 1930s, with formal work completed by Dr. Jesse D. Jennings of the University of Utah in the 1950s. Artifacts recovered from the site provided the basis for establishing a cultural chronology of the Great Basin and the definition of the Great Basin Desert Culture. Danger Cave is currently a Utah State Park and is managed by Utah’s Department of Natural Resources. A specially constructed grate protects the interior of the rock shelter from vandalism and looting while still allowing visitors to peer inside at the massive excavations.

Emigration Canyon, Salt Lake County, Designated January 20, 1961

In 1846, members of the Donner-Reed Party blazed the first wagon trail through Emigration Canyon on their way to California. The next year, several hundred members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints used the Donner-Reed cleared section of the Hastings Cutoff through Emigration Canyon to reach Salt Lake Valley and establish their new home. Between 1847 and the 1860s, at least 30,000 emigrants traversed Emigration Canyon to reach the burgeoning settlements along the Wasatch Mountain Front. Emigration Canyon is now owned primarily by private individuals and Salt Lake County, with dozens of homes now lining the thickly forested slopes.

Brigham Young Complex, Salt Lake County, Designated January 28, 1964

During his tenure as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Brigham Young constructed, and lived within, two houses adjacent to Temple Square in downtown Salt Lake City. The NHL includes Young’s Beehive and Lion House dating to 1854 and 1856 respectively. Designed by Truman O. Angell, the Beehive House is constructed of adobe and sandstone and receives its name from the ornate beehive sculpture on top of the house. Next door to the Beehive House, the Lion House served as a domestic and reception home including 20 bedrooms and several public rooms for Young’s large polygamist family. Both homes are currently owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Temple Square, Salt Lake County, Designated January 29, 1964

The Temple Square NHL encompasses 10 acres in the heart of Salt Lake City’s downtown and incorporates several of the most significant architectural and religious properties associated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Structures and buildings in the NHL are centered around the massive, quartz monzonite Salt Lake Temple, constructed over 40 years between 1853 and 1893. Other buildings within Temple Square include the Victorian Gothic-Style Assembly Hall constructed between 1877 and 1882, the Salt Lake Tabernacle built between 1864 and 1867, and a 1913 monument dedicated to the State Bird of Utah, the Seagull. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints owns the entirety of Temple Square, with all but the temple itself open to visitors.

Alkali Ridge, San Juan County, Designated July 19, 1964

Alkali Ridge in the southeastern part of Utah is one of the premier examples of a transition area where humans shifted from hunting and gathering to a more permanent agricultural economy. Archaeologists identified dozens of archaeological sites with Pueblos, kivas (circular religious structures), granaries, and other materials associated with humans living in the area of Alkali Ridge between 1100 and 900 years ago. Researchers have learned much about human life in this region and the extent of trade networks in the southwest including residue from Cacao beans likely imported from Central America. Alkali Ridge is wholly managed by the Bureau of Land Management’s Monticello Field Office.

Bingham Canyon Open Pit Copper Mine, Salt Lake County, Designated November 12, 1966

Located on the western fringes of Salt Lake Valley in the Oguirrh Mountains, the Bingham Canyon Mine started as an open-pit about 1906 and quickly turned a mountain into a 2.5 mile diameter and 2600 foot deep hole clearly visible from space. Owned by Kennecott Copper, a division of the Rio Tinto Group, the Bingham Canyon mine has been one of the most productive mines in the world, and surpassed the value of resources from the Comstock Lode, Klondike, and California Gold Rush combined. This is a unique NHL, as the original boundary established in 1966 was the extent of the open pit in that year. Every year since, however, the mine expands and no longer retains its 1966 form, thus this NHL is an ever-changing resource but keeps with the significance leading to its designation.

Desolation Canyon, Carbon, Emery, Grand and Uintah Counties, Designated November 24, 1968

Enjoyed by boaters, floaters, historians, and all types of visitors, Utah’s Desolation Canyon is an area of pristine natural beauty and a rich historical legacy reaching back over 3000 years. Desolation Canyon is a tributary of the Green River and is located in east-central Utah (east of Price). The first documented expedition by European Americans through Desolation Canyon was by John Wesley Powell in 1869. The entire reach of Desolation Canyon is covered in the remains of prehistoric Native peoples, including rock art, granaries, and habitations. European American settlers also formed several small ranches and farms along the isolated reach of Desolation Canyon. Access to Desolation Canyon is now by permit only and is largely managed by the Bureau of Land Management and the Ute Tribe.

Old City Hall, Salt Lake County, Designated May 15, 1975

Salt Lake City’s Old City Hall served as the seat of City Government from its construction in 1866 to completion of the City and County building in 1894. Designed by architect William H. Folsom and constructed of red sandstone quarried from Red Butte Canyon, the Old City Hall was designed as a Greek revival style and located at 1st South and 120 East. Between 1894 and 1961, the building served a variety of purposes, including a police headquarters. In order to make room for the Wallace Bennett Federal Building, officials moved Old City Hall to its current location on Capitol Hill in 1961. In 1963 the building was transferred officially to the State of Utah and serves as a state information center and hosts the Utah Travel Council and Zion Natural History Association Bookstore.

Reed O. Smoot House, Utah County, Designated December 8, 1976

Senator Reed Smoot lived in a large Victorian eclectic style home near downtown Provo between 1892 and his death in 1941. Located at 183 East and 100 South, the Smoot House was built by the United States Senator, using a synergy of plans originally drawn by himself and completed by famous architect, Richard K.A. Kletting. During his life Reed Smoot was a prominent businessman, and served in the U.S. Senate from 1903 to 1933. He was responsible for the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act that raised import tariffs which reportedly exacerbated the Great Depression. The house is still privately owned by descendants of Senator Smoot.

Quarry Visitor Center, Uintah County, Designated January 3, 2001

Constructed in 1958 as part of the National Park Service’s Mission 66 Initiative, the Quarry Visitor Center at Dinosaur National Monument (east of Vernal), was one of the most significant architectural features in Utah. The Quarry Visitor Center served as the primary interpretive center for the visitors to Dinosaur National Monument (established in 1915), and included within its roof a massive portion of an active dinosaur fossil quarry. Unstable soils underneath the center lead to its closure in 2006 and the subsequent demolition of the main rotunda after 2009. A new design replaced the original rotunda, but the exposed quarry and associated structure remain intact and reopened in 2011 to visitors.

Central Utah Relocation Center (Topaz), Millard County, Designated March 29, 2007

Opened on September 11, 1942 and operating until October 31, 1945, the Central Utah Relocation Center in west-central Utah (near the town of Delta), housed over 11,000 Japanese American internees during World War II. Across 18,000 sprawling acres of sagebrush flats, the United States government constructed the Topaz Internment Camp to house Japanese Americans removed from their original homes, largely from California communities. Internees, most of whom were families, lived in large barracks in a central part of the camp. Topaz also contained farms, gardens, churches, recreational facilities, and even schools. After the site’s abandonment in 1945, auctions and other forms of removal cleared the site of most of its standing architecture. Most of the main site is now owned by the Topaz Museum and several private land owners. Interpretive panels and a current, and proposed larger, museum in Delta provides information on the lives of these internees.

Fort Douglas, Salt Lake County, Designated May 15, 1975

Established as Camp Douglas in 1862 on the eastern benches overlooking Salt Lake Valley, the post was renamed Fort Douglas in 1878. Fort Douglas housed U.S. Army units whose duty was to protect overland trade routes, telegraph lines, and other western American interests from Native American attacks. Fort Douglas served as an active military base until 1991, when the Army transferred most of the historic buildings to the University of Utah and Utah National Guard. The Fort Douglas Military Museum is located within the NHL and provides interpretive and educational experiences for thousands of visitors per year. In addition, most historic buildings within the NHL have been re-purposed as offices for many University of Utah programs, organizations, and other parties. The University of Utah actively maintains the historic structures and manages the overall historic landscape associated with Fort Douglas in cooperation with several partners.

Officerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Circle at Fort Douglas Photo Credit: Fort Douglas Military Museum, Beau Burgess

Mountain Meadows Massacre Site, Washington County, Designated June 23, 2011, expanded 2014

Occurring at the height of tensions between members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the United States Federal Government, the Mountain Meadows Massacre is one of the most unfortunate chapters in Utah and Western history. Mormon Militia members harassed and eventually massacred nearly an entire wagon train of emigrants heading to California on September 11, 1857. Under direction of John D. Lee, militia members disarmed and executed approximately 120 men, women, and children emigrants mostly from Arkansas. Another 17 children were spared and adopted into local families. Militia members hurriedly excavated shallow graves for the victims and left the scene. Federal troops visited the site shortly after and attempted to formally bury all victims. After 20 years, in 1877, John D. Lee was formally executed on the Mountain Meadows site for his role in the massacre. Mountain Meadows NHL currently only covers lands owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Bryce Canyon Lodge and Deluxe Cabins, Garfield County, Designated May 28, 1987

Designed by architect Gilbert S. Underwood for the Utah Parks Company (a subsidiary of the Union Pacific Railroad) for the newly formed Bryce Canyon National Park, the Bryce Canyon Lodge was built in 1924-1925. The Bryce Canyon Lodge is a two-story log structure with a stone foundation and is part of the Rustic architecture movement witnessed in many National Parks during this period. Under a well-kept understory of mature Ponderosa Pine, fifteen deluxe cabins built between 1926 and 1929 surround the Bryce Canyon Lodge and offer a unique visitor and recreational experience. The National Park Service actively maintains and rents out rooms in the lodge and cabins to thousands of visitors from around the world each year, making these facilities one of the most heavily utilized NHLs in Utah. Bryce Canyon Lodge in Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah

1857 Mormon Flat Breastworks, East Canyon

For more Information on the National Register of Historic Places, please visit: National Park Service National Register Program: http://www.nps.gov/nr/ Utah Division of State History National Register Program: https://heritage.utah.gov/history/national-register#clg For more information on the places discussed here, please visit the Utah Division of State History’s website with numerous resources to aid in your research, including: • Utah Historical Quarterly: A peer-reviewed journal freely accessible. • Utah County Summaries: Compiled in 1996, these are free to view online. • Online Digital Collections: Photos, manuscripts, and similar resources.