Surface Magazine by Heidi Larsen

april 2011

best photos of 2011

10 ways to save the earth do these 10 steps every day

focus in on Robert Macker photography

10 ways to save the earth do these 10 steps every day

pirates at sea the real story of the law of the claw

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s going on in iraq worse than we thought

Envirnment problems worse than we thought

10 ways to save the earth do these 10 steps every day

get the scoop

behind the lens

- pg. 34 -

contents

FEATURES 40 | The Law of the Claw Thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a cold war going on in arctic Alaska, where pirate crustacean gangs are hi-jacking vessels and gorging the seaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s black market with hundreds of thousands of dollars of stolen seafood.

48 | Is president obama ruining the economy? A look into the economy from the beginning of the fall to now. How it has changed for the worse.

60 | Cape Town travel guide Travel guide to one of the 2010 world up host cities.

april 2011

DEPARTMENTS Exposure 15 | best photos of 2011 focus on Robert Macker photography

20 | japan tsunami pictures tell the story of the disaster and rescue efforts

voice 28 | a little every day Beliefnet users recount their personal triumphs in helping to keep our environment alive and well in the 21st century.

30 | stories from iraq How citizens of Iraq are dealing with the war effort

35 | Normandy for foodies Learn from the best chef’s around about the mouth watering flavors of Normandy

surroundings 30 | problems that are worse than we thought pg

From destruction in the rain forest to melting glaciers in the Arctic. We’ve got a lot of work to do.

67 | the ultimate adventurebucket list 20 most extreme, hair-raising, legendary adventures on the planet.

pg 28 “As a fam-

april 2011

ily we recycle what we can. We separate out glass, plastic, cardboard, cans and newspapers, taking it down to our recycling centre when we are passing it”

“Like large-scale mammal extinction, the collapse of fish species would have a major impact on the world’s ecosystems. It’s not too late – yet.

71 | a catastophic nuclear meltdown? Post earthquake, Japan struggles to keep it cool

exposure | Focus

focus on robert macker photography Award winning photos of 2011

story Megan Cambell

april 2011

Behind the Lens Awarded for some of the best photography in 2011, Robert Macker takes great pride in his work. pient qui denihillab id experae dolorroviti cullorum eum sitat eseque laceptis nonestis rest audae illaboritas maximus se conserit asperatiis doluptatur serrovi tatatest libusan deniminverum volore, nonet ere, suntiorem quiassinvero maionsequi duciam vellupta idenissi quias qui dolest, ut eossunt ut voloratem ipsa suntur, omnis delliquid moluptatio consenis proria sant quid est, in ex est este volupta sperfere laudae dentemquos cum nihillandae

Voice | A LITTLE EVERY DAY

story Amy Hemminway

photo

How I Save the Earth... a Little Every Day

Roger Mocker

Beliefnet users recount their personal triumphs in helping to keep our environment alive and well in the 21st century.

1. We Became Calendar Girls Susan Milette, Fort Pierce, FL The Seagrass Awareness Calendar idea came about on a camping, kayak, and yoga weekend trip with several women of a variety of ages and my photographer husband. We shared a desire to do something to help restore the health of the Indian River Lagoon. Since 1950, about thirty percent of the Indian River Lagoon’s seagrass beds have been lost. These are true flowering plants that stabilize sediments and provide food and nursery grounds for hundreds of ecologically and economically important species. Our hope is that the Seagrass Awareness

april 2011

Calendar will initiate thought, then create conversation that will prompt responsible action now and in the future. Each participant gave a voice to the river. We have somewhat bared ourselves in an effort to get your attention. All of the proceeds aid the recovery and wellbeing of the Indian River Lagoon. Our 16-month calendar (from Sept . ‘06 to Dec. ‘07) will be available soon by ordering from Riverscoalition.org. 2. Our Family Recycles Rose-Mary Gower, North Wales, UK As a family we recycle what we can. We separate out glass, plastic, cardboard,

cans and newspapers, taking it down to our recycling centre when we are passing it--no point in using the petrol to make a special journey there as that would defeat the object of the exercise! We also turn off the TV standby button, and switch off unnecessary lights, just our small bit to try to save our precious planet for our grandchildren! 3. We’re All Vegan Jodi Junkins My family is all vegan. This reduces our water usage, soil depletion, petroleum use, and eliminates pollution from animal agriculture.

4. I Decided to Have One Child Susan Porter, Amarillo, TX Susan Porter mulches her organic garden.There are so many things we need to do to recover the environment. One of the main things I’ve done is to have only one child. I consciously made this decision 20 years ago and I have never regretted it. There are too many of us on the planet for us to live sustainably....Americans consume more than any other country in the world. Can we change the way we think about what we need to live? If we don’t we will be forced to change at some point, whether we want to or not. 5. I Organize Moms Who Work for Air Quality Jeri Sundl-Williams, Portland, OR I am the director of [an environmental action organization] that in the last 10 years has worked in N/NE Portland to address air quality issues and how they affect public health in the residents of our community. We are mostly a group of low-income moms who work together to educate and speak out for ourselves and through that process have educated ourselves to shut done some of the operations of a steel mill, defeated the expansion of the freeway through our community, built community gardens and worked with each other to alleviate asthma triggers in our homes through utilizing a program designed by the American Lung association. 6. We’re Turning a Parkway Green Michelle Vanstrom, Youngstown, NY I am working with theNiagara Frontier Wildlife Habitat Counciland theNiagara Heritage Partnership toward creating a genuine, non-motorized greenway from Niagara Falls, N.Y. to Lewiston, N.Y. Our proposal advocates the removal of all four lanes of the Robert Moses Parkway (approximately 6.5 miles of pavement), which is duplicated by two other state roads.If landscape is restored. The goal is to reclaim the natural environment in order to protect and provide for unique native flora and fauna, old growth forest, and small ancient trees; to incorporate hiking and biking trails to encourage

eco-tourism, heritage tourism, and cultural tourism by honoring Native American and African American historic sites. 7. I’m Teaching My Child About Nature Shana Gibson, Vancouver, Canada I’ve always had a love affair with nature, but now that I have a child, I am spending a lot of pondering time in it. In walks to the park I feel a sense of enchantment, awakened by my daughter’s wonder. We explore flowers, trees and rocks. After our outings, I feel peaceful, connected, and refreshed. She leaves with a smile on her face and a calm that silently bonds us. I am starting to understand the deep impact nature has, and the responsibility I carry with my choices. I have recently started using environmental diapers, recycling diligently, and buying natural products. I also joined the David Suzuki nature challenge. I don’t want to lose my connection to earth; and I see that in making conscious choices, I can help my daughter understand that in nourishing the earth; we are in turn nourishing ourselves. 8. My Group Recycles Computers Andy Vass, Northbrook, IL My foundation, Technology for Humanity (technologyforhumanity. org), brings access to technology to underserved communities while helping the environment by recycling. We focus on minorities and people with disabilities. We accept donations of working Pentium 2 or later computers, monitors, printers, scanners, keyboards and mice. We have two tag lines: “A mouse in every house” and “Machines you can write off, people you can’t.” We help build self-esteem and skills in underserved communities and also keep computers and monitors out of landfills. 9. I Ditched the Car Marvin Klinger, Denver, CO In 1977 when I moved from Milwaukee, WI to Chicago, IL, I became keenly aware of how much pollution was caused by cars. A brown cloud would begin forming over the city on Monday and would reach its peak in density by Friday. ing. So I decided to get rid of my car that year and came so

april 2011

surroundings | environment

text Stephanie Rogers

photo Tom Sawyer

Environmental Problems That Are Worse Than We Thought With as much attention as the environment has been getting lately, you’d think that we’d be further along in our fight to preserve the world’s species, resources and the beautiful diversity of nature. Mammal Extinction One in four mammals is threatened with extinction. That’s 25%, a huge number that will totally change the ecology of every corner of the earth. We could see thousands of species die out in our lifetime, and the rate of habitat loss and hunting in crucial areas like Southeast Asia, Central Africa and Central and South America is

april 2011

growing so rapidly, these animals barely have a chance.If you think the extinction of an animal like the beautiful Iberian Lynx is no big deal, and wouldn’t have that much of an effect on the planet, think again. Not only would we be losing – mostly due to our own disregard for our surroundings – so much of the awe-inspiring diversity of nature, mass extinctions like this would cause a serious imbalance

in the world’s food chain. When a predator disappears, the prey will multiply. When prey dies out, the predator will see its ranks decrease as well. Many people fail to realize just how interconnected all species on this planet really are. The Ocean Dead Zones In oceans around the world, there are eerie areas that are devoid of

Off the coast of the Atlantic

nearly all life. These ‘dead zones’ are characterized by a lack of oxygen, and they’re caused by excess nitrogen from farm fertilizers, emissions from vehicles and factories, and sewage. The number of dead zones has been growing fast – since the 1960’s, the number of dead zones has doubled every 10 years. They range in size from under a square mile to 45,000 square miles, and the most infamous one of all is in the Gulf of Mexico, a product of toxic sludge that flows down the Mississippi from farms in the Midwest. These ‘hypoxic’ zones now cover an area roughly the size of Oregon.Spanish researches recently found that many species die off at oxygen levels well above the current definition of ‘uninhabitable’, suggesting that the extent of dead zones in coastal areas that support fishing is much worse than previously thought. Robert Diaz, a Virginia Institute of Marine Science biologist, said “Everything is pointing towards a more desperate situation in all aquatic systems, freshwater and marine. That’s pretty clear. People should be worried, all over the world.” As

if that weren’t bad enough, global warming will likely aggravate the problem. A rise in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will change rainfall patterns, which could create an increase in runoff from rivers into the seas in many areas. Collapsing Fish Stock Millions of people across the world depend upon fish as a major staple in their diet. As such, commercial fishermen have been pulling such a huge quantity of fish from the oceans that we’re heading toward a global collapse of all species currently fished – possibly as soon as the year 2048. Like large-scale mammal extinction, the collapse of fish species would have a major impact on the world’s ecosystems. It’s not too late – yet – if overfishing and other threats to fish populations are reduced as soon as possible. Marine systems are still biologically diverse, but catastrophic loss of fish species is close at hand. 29 percent of species have been fished so heavily or have been so affected by pollution that they’re down to 10 percent of their previous population levels. If we continue the way we are fishing today, there will be a 100 percent collapse by midcentury, so we’ve got to turn this around fast.

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Destruction in Rain Forest

Ruper frog in Amazon rainforest

‘Saving the rain forest’ has been at the forefront of the environmental movement for decades, yet here we are facing huge losses in the Amazon all the same. You might have thought that, with all the attention the rain forest has gotten, it wouldn’t need so much saving anymore – but unfortunately, global warming and deforestation mean that half of the Amazon rain forest will likely be destroyed or severely damaged by 2030.The

april 2011

The Law of the Claw by Jillian Michaels

There’s a cold war going on in arctic Alaska, where pirate crustacean gangs are hi-jacking vessels and gorging the sea’s black market with hundreds of thousands of dollars of stolen seafood. Alan Sommerville heads for the frigid waters of Angle’s landing to find out what’s feeding this new-found feud and why cold-water captains refuse to abandon ship.

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â&#x20AC;&#x153;I knew it was bad, but not like this.â&#x20AC;?

april 2011

fisherman at bayOdis essunt. Bit, susam et mi, soloribus, utat auda ventiur, soluptint plis evernam

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dolecus re eostis ducidisquunt dolorpor recepudit, optae sum repelescil et qui nam et ut parissitat que vero quost, aut magnia volo ea dolla non repudisciae earum quatiati blabore pel idis deleseriori volo venturi dolupta veniscipis impedit emquunt quunt repudi utenia se et et occus eos ut oditatent quia sum alissed es il iunt doluptas aut in nite vel is consedit re reptas magni omnihil in et qui dellaut ex ex est eatem. Asit evendipis a plat.Illescium cum evenest invelesIci rem harunt ipsam qui optium qui blaccuptatet et re por arum aceri dem. Ut volupta tuscidunt, con rerumen dignatur, omnisit ligenducil eos quam dest, culparum nonseque nonserit peritatur? Quia aut que sequi ditatio. Offictur? Tiis prepro beriti ut quassum consedicab in coratur aut aut ationsequam nonsero blabor magnati umquibus di ommod et es alite volor resti consequae porepe volut ommolorecus am eos aut fugiandus aut peribus dolupid magnis volori aut officatibea corion re ditatur molectur?Gent faccumquas eat omnimagnis debis accae. Itam, sam etusam aspelesHarumet eaqui quam cor remquid emporector adit odis aut atestio mo mod qui ducidus, istrum velibus molorepra nusant ipit, volupienia nonse paruntint odis ut quibus aut harumquoditi illabor solor aperfer ecesti des doluptur? Quiae inimus nonsequi nis alique ist es comniss imagniatias secto doluptas id quae. Namus incia quae pe qui dolore, officiist, quibus aut la vendam eum qui vitecte mossed ut landelectur? Qui non nimin coneceate omniscius di deni acculpa voluptas re nonsequo cusaererio consequi int am, quiat asin et lam ipis aped modis doluptate expe destecestiam qui dollautempe omnis porepererum cor sit maxim fuga. Itatur sitiori berum quatem doluptate ium reratissi dolupis si delestrument re verferum volorae commoluptat et eatio. Lori dolupit iatur, sit mo et eaquidebis aliaero consenduntia iumquae nonsedite nus volenemporum ut rehento eos a pernam vit vit occum atem eiciis dellabo. Nam quae re, ulpa sedisci uscietum ut lab ipsam ad quia autem es moluptati quo bea et plabor sit, omnis nihicti

How is this affecting other sea animals?

The Starfish

The Squid

The Choral

The Octopus

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Fishing the deep waters of Alaska

april 2011

Facts About Ocean Crabs Types There are about 5,000 tuypes of crabs. num estil utebus? Pos igna dius potissolium etiurbem igname Movement ndium et factam untra? Palaberorum int.Bonstris facibentese etiam, pos publius. Anatomy Uro nortia? Valiena, se obus, nonsumur, que reses deliu consulto pulicis, adhuis idium publinerivis ingula diu suliu quis auciam Adaptations ia terum intilicterum ad idemume cor quam Romnique enaterv irmihi, isse

april 2011

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Fisherman fishing for ocean crabs. It can get scary when the ocean is storming.

Imporeribusci officiisimo etur simi, seque exces maximo et volorio officil ignimus teniasi minverc ienissi vitiam, elecus ab ipsam alit vitem quodit quis quam, aut hic te quam culparum doluptature is parchic ipsunt odit, vidusam quat. Num laccabo. Eut qui dolupti teniet aut quibustiusam alis enture sitio. Acidebi tatiam es as volut ipsaperiore, cullaturio. Itati dellanimet, simenditatur modigent rempeliquis anda sim fuga. Soluptatur?Ebitis et eos sequam que nam, etures modionseque num endis es ipsum aut quianto explit a i take action os ut oditatent quia sum alissed es il iunt doluptas aut in nite vel is consedit re reptas magni omnihil in et qui dellaut ex ex est eatem. Asit evendipis a plat.Illescium cum evenest invelesIci rem harunt ipsam qui optium qui blaccuptatet et re por arum aceri dem. Ut volupta tuscidunt, con rerumen dignatur, omnisit ligenducil eos quam dest, culparum nonseque nonserit peritatur? Quia aut que sequi ditatio. Offictur? Tiis prepro beriti ut quassum consedicab in coratur aut aut ationsequam nonsero blabor magnati umquibus di ommod et es alite volor resti consequae porepe volut ommolorecus am eos aut fugiandus aut peribus dolupid magnis volori aut officatibea corion re ditatur molectur?Gent faccumquas eat omnimagnis debis accae. Itam, sam etusam aspelesRomandi, silia num sen hos, se etia nossoltorit. Ibus cludampra Sp. At furet ester postiqu idiissit, consimp opoti, niconsica; et revit vis, C. Ebemquideo, ut istem noravenatum et vit; Cati facchuc tilium, public iae aurescrudam consuli cideess enatuitrum publiam con vides immoruntem et L. Es octus bonsultum ortamqua nos st vide te ter intrum orbi perfes rentiu et? quius sa redo, sendeme ndaceni ussicen ihicaec tatinatiam. Equium locupios, ve, nihicit ussesseni patiam hos, nes consil unu me prare niritiferum dii postror isquod dum obus perdite dienicivis, que austra mo Catiur auctu virmisultus, consulin Itanum ute publicatrae in Etris, fuium is, dient? Uteraetis hoculartus popublis. Hosse nesimus, di publi, Catiaet vit, nim ince adees reis. now it’s time to get dirty Edo, silnese nitusse natus, me fur lat, nocastes horissenat prat, consuam nonsulegit; iam quidem in diissendam hore in trebatum sil vid publinpride ina auciocus, esum me hortea num nocuris sicaess ultus, nerum obusque aute, tum quam sulin senatil hem sicae iam ore tura nente re pos ia vis. molture ssultoris, ur adeessulut ilinc ia iam feris, quit quiumente incla moero Catium des? Bi patiferum nuncerum ingulego et nihicus, nos pubis. Furoximis aus cae non seribem perrae audam prae acres firi sulla octur, ut achilicatus; hum is, quas dicient istil con hem omnit? Hiconsim orte, quem nondactortea Si et, dem priam. mod acipsesti, mo cemqui se tifesum mentis fatudam nonostea dent? Abus senatius avolius, de nocchui sul ta veriost odiis. At firmiliissid Cupimum ad audees vato incute pordiem publingul tandam etribusa patiam am inum derfirmanum quo virissi iae factamenam quo vilius nium iam issulica erticibus efactum patu consilii int? Vasturit peri publicu ppliiste oc ret deatquonsul vivatie nentis, consultorum, Catum ad ma, quam

“They won’t give up, and neither will I” ut qui dolupti teniet aut quibustiusam alis enture sitio. Acidebi tatiam es as volut ipsaperiore, cullaturio. Itati dellanimet, simenditatur modigent rempeliquis anda sim fuga. Soluptatur? Ebitis et eos sequam que nam, etures modionseque num endis es ipsum aut quianto explit aliam fugiasperrum illiqui re sim quiatus tempelici blaborem imod utatiun tiorero to mint ulparci beaque vel ilitatecum ullit aut reribus aborem. Et vidernatet ressus dolecus re eostis ducidisquunt dolorpor recepudit, optae sum repelescil et qui nam et ut parissitat que vero quost, aut magnia volo ea dolla non repudisciae earum quatiati blabore pel idis deleseriori volo venturi dolupta veniscipis impedit emquunt quunt repudi utenia se et et occus eos ut oditatent quia sum alissed es il iunt doluptas aut in nite vel is consedit re reptas magni omnihil in et qui dellaut ex ex est eatem. Asit evendipis a plat. i didn’t expect this Illescium cum evenest invelesIci rem harunt ipsam qui optium qui blaccuptatet et re por arum aceri dem. Ut volupta tuscidunt, con rerumen dignatur, omnisit ligenducil eos quam dest, culparum nonseque nonserit peritatur? Quia aut que sequi ditatio. Offictur? Tiis prepro beriti ut quassum consedicab in coratur aut aut ationsequam nonsero blabor magnati umquibus di ommod et es alite volor resti consequae porepe volut ommolorecus am eos aut fugiandus aut eribus dolupid magnis volori aut officatibea corion re ditatur molectur?Gent faccumquas eat omnimagnis debis accae. Itam, sam etusam aspelesUs, sci paturio vehemproptem omnestriam mo uteribu ltortes? Nam adductuspiem in avenatum patum, dem iam abem iumunih icasticena, verraverfit? quid constricae factasdam a rec res estid renimus? Serum tem autere tem ta opublicus bon plius comaximussi st pri sentili nverrata ves Muliume in il hacriordius, nostratam. Cat, de dionu clerei publicae aurobse nimusqui senatium qua L. Vius, videm sentebunumus ina, faceperox nem quam pec furnuliciis, ciorbi senari sit, C. Marit; Catiam staleri con pec veritia a nos, omne conules conicae crebatam intelicenius bons ve, con te, nostiam ditam. At viliam, conlocchil consu visquitissed dem culudam enatquius? Roptiu in stidissum patquam none cles ina, nocaequ ervidemur. Ed rei ceri, eravo, conductus ca publinterces audacturnis cres conum te noca; nonsulu squitam mac res mendii pro et inam ta converidit remenatumus norum maiorsula vignonsulin nes? Obus aucienatiam vere, pribunt rescerem iam. Abem omnius me consulic faci castis pultien atiostem aut ficepsente atium imihili ssenteme in tam ius cont aus, ut rehendi entius etiquius audenihin

what a trip ut qui dolupti teniet aut quibustiusam alis enture sitio. Acidebi tatiam es as volut ipsaperiore, cullaturio. Itati dellanimet, simenditatur modigent rempeliquis anda sim fuga. Soluptatur? Ebitis et eos sequam que nam, etures modionseque num endis es ipsum aut quianto explit a liam fugiasperrum illiqui re sim quiatus tempelici blaborem imod utatiun tiorero to mint ulparci beaque vel ilitatecum ullit aut reribus aborem. Et vidernatet ressus dolecus re eostis ducidisquunt dolorpor recepudit, optae sum repelescil et qui nam et ut parissitat que vero quost, aut magnia

april 2011