The Vegan Winter 1949

T H E VEGAN SOCIETY Founded November, V>44 A D V O C A T E S that man's food should be derived from fruits, nuts. vegetable* and grains, and E N C O U R A G E S the us<* of alternatives to all products of animal origin

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LITERATURE

AVAILABJ E

A n Address on Vegamsm

By Donald W a t s o n Vegan Viewpoint "

By Fay K. H e n d e r s o n Vegetarian Recipes without Dairy P r o d u c e " b y Margaret B. Rawls ( N e w Edition) A i d s to a Vegan Diet for Children "

By Kathleen V. M a y o Should Vegetarians eat Dairy P r o d u c e '

By Donald W a t s o n M a n and Nature "

By Leslie J. Cross Is Milk a Curse? "

By James A. Goodfellow. M.B.C.M M a n ' s Natural Food "

By Dr. Sydney M. W h i t a k e r T h e Vegan Complete Sets for 1947 or 1948 FROM

THE

SECRETARY, " STEEPHOLME." WINSCOMBE. SOMERSET

LOCAL VEGAN GROUPS A N D L O N D O N . - Mr. D. Cross,

6d. post tic 6d.

,.

6d.

..

1

..

5d.

.,

2d.

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3 d.

..

7d.

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2/6

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SHIPHAM.

SECRETARIAL Hatch

End.'Midd*.

Y O R K S H I R E . - M r s . H. Green, , Cross Gates, Leeds.

I M I D L A N D S . — M r s . K. V. Mayo, " , Streetly, Sutton Coldfield.

B R I S T O L . — M r s . E. Hughes, . Knowle. Bristol 4.

MANCHESTER Miss A n n E. O w e n s , Northenden.

S C O T T I S H S E C T I O N . — M r . R. J. Handley, Baillieston, nr. Glasgow; Miss D. M. Sutherland, Crescent, Liberton, Edinburgh.

(Please communicate with your nearest G r o u p Secretary).

T H E Quarterly Editor-.

Vol. V.

V E G A N Journal

of The Vegan

Society

G. ALLAN HENDERSON, RYDAL LODGE, AMBLESIDE W I N T E R , 1949/50.

No. 4.

EDITORIAL The Significance of Man T N the actual physical sense, man is of slight significance, for he is one of the lesser creatures. Being small in stature and puny in strength, he is quite unable to resist certain forces of nature, and could quickly fall a victim to flood and hurricane or become the prey of carnivorous beasts.

Though it is .intelligent adaptability and the application of constructive thought that has- extricated man from such a precarious position, it is largely the power of his feelings towards other living beings and the development of right relationships that has given him real significance.

A s an individual, man is. quite an irrational being, for, though he may be able to estimate the date of the next solar eclipse, he is unlikely to understand the inner workings of his own body; if in pain, he seeks the interpretation of his symptoms from another being: Moreover, as an individual, man always craves for independence of thought, of action and of substance; yet he can rarely stand-completely alone, but seeks the .consolation and support of communities. ' A t birth each individual is ushered into the smallest of com : munities, that of mother and child, but as this tiny circle widens to include others, the "family community becomes complete and revolves happily around the new-born babe. W i t h gradual growth and development through life, new avenues of interest are opened up, each with its own population or community. A f t e r the' home sphere, there is school life full of play and endeavour, followed probably by the first job and its increasing responsibility, then perhaps the tennis or football club to develop a good team spirit. In each of these spheres of activity, the individual gradually harmonises himself, and adjusts his individuality to the community, learning through experience to become mOre and more efficient.

Later on there will probably be other realms of reality t o : be explored, perhaps some aspect of local government, or attendance at a national conference, or a visit to some distant part of the world.

7

THE VEGAN

In each province of interest and activity the individual remains the centre, with action and interaction revolving around him. It is only when he is harmoniously conditioned to any sphere that the individual can develop completely within it. W h e n some form of disagreement exists in any circle, adequate functioning is impeded t h e r e and, as a result, other fields of activity are likely to become disorganised as well; for example, if an individual is domestically unhappy, his vocational work is likely to suffer, and vice versa.

It seems that the aim in life of individual man should be twofold; firstly, to develop and perfect himself as an instrument of service, and secondly, to function for good in as wide a field as possible. If he can learn to harmonise himself within each sphere of interest as it is built up around him, and yet remain poised and calm at the static centre, he will develop the power of control and t h e ability to act in any direction at will. In such a way man can achieve his full significance as a developed individual, serving in a series of concentric communities.

VEGANISM AND AGRICULTURE A n n u a l Conference of T h e Vegan Society was held in London on Saturday, 26th November, with our President, M r . William. V . Collier, in the chair. The.Chairman, in his introduction, gave some of his own experiences in the use of compost and sawdust applied to undug ground. H e expressed regret that our chief speaker, Mr. W i l f r e d Wellock, was unable to be with us, having gone at short notice to India to take part in an International Peace Conference. M r . Wellock, before leaving, had written a paper on the lines of t h e talk he would have given, under the title " Organic Husbandry," and this was ably read by Mr. Leslie J. Cross. " W e are living in a materialistic age, in which power, status and material possessions are more highly esteemed than the things of t h e spirit. There is much vying among the nations as to which shall have the highest standard of living and all alike base their claim on material rather than spiritual values." Mr. Wellock opens w i t h these words and goes on to show that reducing life to monetary terms proves that we have lost the art of living. In consequence, the earth's resources are being squandered and despoiled at an astounding rate, leading to increasing competition for food and raw materials, with new crops of fears, hatreds and clashes. " But what, pray, has all this to do with Organic Husbandry ? It has everything to do with it, f o r the simple, basic reason that the decay of agriculture always attends the decay of civilisation. It is an historical fact that in periods of social decay, science, religion,

5 THE VEGAN philosophy and culture are bent to sen/e the demands of degenerate tastes, as the present age well exemplifies." H e goes on to point out how science is brought in to find short cuts and we pay for it in a debilitated soil, debilitated plants, loss of fertility, plant diseases, costly spraying and dusting with still more chemicals, resulting in debilitated food and debilitated human, beings. He cites the Pontine Marshes, the Sahara and the other deserts in N o r t h Africa as the undying epitaph of the decay of the ancient Roman civilisation. " There is a way out of this impasse," he says, " It lies in honest husbandry. But honest husbandry depends upon a true estimation of life.'s values." â&#x20AC;˘He points out that the real function of agriculture is to grow health-giving food; food that supplies all the elements which give maximum health and vitality to man and beast and, naturally, to plant and soil also. T h e soil, and our food which comes from it, is something more than' just chemicals and minerals; there is a plus which so far has defied analysis.

This plus is the difference between the merely chemically-grown food and that of organically, or compost-grown food. H e gives the results of his own experiments in forty years' study of dietetics, and during sixteen years of organic gardening, accompanied by a wealth of data from both sides of the picture. He deals very fully with the making of compost, explaining the work of the fungi and micro-organisms in breaking down the vegetable tissue, and is satisfied that good compost can be made and honest food grown without the use of animal manure. Our great friend, the humble worm, rightly comes into the picture for the great part it plays in the organic, living soil and Mr. Wellock, after five years of " no-digging," has seen an improvement in his crops, both as regards quality and quantity. â&#x20AC;˘ Mr. Wellock says it is not possible to go thoroughly into this vast subject in one lecture and indeed it is equally difficult to give an outline of it here. He suggests for further study a recently published book " Organic Husbandryâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a Symposium," compiled and published by John S. Blackburn, The Hawthorns, Ben Rhydding,Yorkshire (2s. 9d. post free).

Our Chairman voiced the appreciation of the Conference for the contribution of ideas and experiences by Mr. Wellock.

The compiler of " Horti-Vegan Notes," Mr. Alec Martin, followed and endeavoured to link " Organic H u s b a n d r y " with " Veganism and Agriculture," the subject before the Conference.

T h e organic gardener, vegan or otherwise, realises the importance of returning to the soil all wastes and dead vegetation. In our present chaotic economy, this is not done and cannot be done : the real heart of the soil of distant lands is brought to the congested cities of the world in the form of meat, corn and even nuts,

4

THE VEGAN

and very little organic material, if any, is ever taken back. .The keynote of our times is exploitation and the exploitation of the soil in this way is causing large, increasingly unfertile areas in the world to-day. T h e economics of the present system is not likely "to foster the rejuvenation of these devastated areas, because that would not show .an immediate profit.

A g r i c u l t u r e , ' as practised to-day, cannot be reconciled with Veganism, for, even where farming is on organic lines, as against purely chemical farming, the dairy herd is the crux of the system.

T h e solution is Vegan Horticulture; family gardens where the law of r e t u r n can be put into effect again; the dispersal of the population of t h e great cities to these vast and almost unpopulated areas which are being or have been despoiled.. In fact, the taking of the people to the food instead of taking the food to the people. A revolution : yes ! Veganism is a revolution; it is also a revelation.

T h e dispersal of population more evenly over the earth's land surface and t h e symbiotic living together of soil, plant and manâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; a co-operation exemplified in vegan horticultureâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;offers a solution to many of the problems facing us in the world to-day.

I n the discussion which followed, many of those present made very helpful contributions, based upon their own experiences and experiments. T h e " no-digging " enthusiasts received a setback .by the experience of one whose results were the opposite of those usually reported. The use, or not, of animal manure in composting was voiced from many angles. Methods and practices vary with individuals, but the goal and purpose of all present was obvious and unanimousâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the present general exploitation of soil, animal and man, with its resulting loss of fertility, poor food and disease, must be replaced by a spirit of co-operation with Nature in all its aspects, and with the soil in particular, to result in good, honest food, the foundation stone of health and harmony."

It was felt that .the Conference, with its sharing of views, ideas and methods, had been a very worth-while occasion.

GRACE

T h e plant seeds are quickened in the night of the earth, T h e green herbs are sprouting in the might of the air, A n d all fruits are ripened by power of the sun.

So quickens the soul in t h e shrine of the heart, So blossoms spirit power in the light of the world, So ripens man's strength in the-glory of God. RUDOLF STEINER. .,

Translated by Mrs. E. C. Merry.

(Reprinted by kind permission).'

-- -

5 THE VEGAN

COMPOST GROWN FOOD

By W .

G . MACDONALD, M . B . C h . B . ,

F.R.S.M.

health. Five years later, I was licensed to practise my profession equipped with a working knowledge of disease and the current ideas, mainly chemical, concerning its treatment. It was taken for granted that health simply meant the absence of disease. _ -â&#x20AC;˘ For medical reasons, the individual was arbitrarily divided u p into a number of separate organs, each with its own special importance; to such a degree, indeed, that persons were commonly referred to as Heart, Gastric, Liver, Kidney, Nerve cases, and so on, as if they consisted of no other part. T h e physician's attention was riveted on that one part. Drugs of which one knew little were poured into a body of which one knew less and usually to stimulate or depress the action of a single part.

T o me, Surgery was the more attractive sphere. It enabled me to study the processes of healing; but always I was aware that vfrhat was achieved was the mechanical correction of a mechanical fault.

In 1929, my first radical reorientation began when I read the preliminary communique of the researches of Dr. N. E. Ischlondsky, which postulated the restitution and restoration of the tissues of the individual as a whole, rather than the mere jockeying with the functions of a part. Instead of accelerating or slowing down the function of an organ by more or less poisonous drugs (which the author termed a metaform first-aid), he proposed an essential treatment of the protoplasm itselfâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a protoform treatment, and he indicated how it could surely be accomplished.

Here the first choice between wholeness and fragmentation was presented.

M y next ^reat reorientation occurred when I realised the protoform character of Nature. O n several occasions, when accused of using a " cure all " by my colleagues, w h o could not imagine any form of treatment with a universal character, I confounded them by asking: " W h e n you eat a salad, do you do so to nourish and maintain the health of your right ear or of your left big toe ?"

T h e universality of the role of food was at once apparent; it is generally accepted and seldom considered. I little realised when I put that question how much more profound is the wholeness and protoform character in nature. This came later when I saw that in Nature wholeness is a principle that must be honoured if health is to be found and maintained. Whoever applied wholesomeness to food was indeed inspired.

6

THE VEGAN

M y garden has always been a joy to me. T h e time came, however, w h e n manure could no longer be obtained. I experienced the uncomfortable and unprofitable stages of rotting my garden waste either by itself or with chemicals. T h e results were dreadful. T h e â&#x20AC;˘stuff was a slimy, stinking mess that had to be trenched, in to be rid of it, and the crops showed no appreciation of it.

T h e n came enlightenment. Intelligent composting by various methods, Indore, Q.R., or the use of made compost to inoculate t h e n e w heap, transformed garden and household wastes into sweet, clean compost by Nature's own method, first by an intense mould g r o w t h (which requires plenty of air, moisture and some earth and chalk or wood ash) and later by the action of bacteria which digest the products of the first process. T h e compost is so sweet and clean that it can be applied as a dressing to open wounds. It contains everything necessary to plant growth and, more important still, to plant health. If trace elements are apparently absent from t h e soil, the compost bacteria change the insoluble and unusable elements, which are invariably present, to soluble and usable forms in t h e proportions best suited to the plant. This material, then, became our only fertiliser and year by year our use of it increased, and our output correspondingly improved.

T o my utter amazement, diseases that had been rampant for more than 20 years disappeared. To-day, flowers, fruit and vegetables are of a size and quality previously unknown in our garden.

Parasites no longer attack our plants even when neighbouring gardens are devastated.

T h e interesting feature of our household is that our health is exceptional. A s soil fertility increased, so, too, did the health of t h e plants and, as the health and quality of t h e plants improved, our own standard of health was raised. This legacy of health from the healthy plant is, in the first place, the. gift to the plant by the living, fertile soil, and only by organic methods can this quality be obtained.

U n f o r t u n a t e l y for mankind, Robert Law began his work on plant stimulants at Rothamsted, Herts, in 1847. He thought, as many shallow or lazy thinkers do to-day, that plants can ' live and thrive on chemicals and, because plants are as idiotic in regard to drugs as are human beings, he found that he could produce greater quantities of good-looking plants if what he termed " chemical â&#x20AC;˘fertilizer'" was judiciously used." H e assumed quality:, and the modern protagonists of artificials resent any question of' quality and, apparently, sedulously avoid any investigation in that, direction.

T h e y are quality sensitive.

W e know from the careful laboratory work of, for instance, Sir R o b e r t McCurien, and Rowlands and Wilkinson that quality is absent f r o m chemically forced food plants. If additional proof is

7 THE VEGAN sought, we need only recall the vast increase in parasites and plant diseases since artificials became commonly used and the-consequent vast departments of pest control. Parasites and disease are nature's method for dealing with weaklings.

To-day, we have cause to reflect that in this age of chemical fertilisers Infantile Paralysis has become epidemic.

O n the other hand,'the observations of Sir Albert Howard, Sir Robert McCarrison, D r . Scharff and others, show that food grown in highly fertile soil possesses quality that produces health and a natural disease resistance, which is the cardinal feature'of health.

T o achieve high soil fertility, the best method is to supply the soil with compostâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;real compost, properly madeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;in as great quantity as possible : there cannot be too much. Its fertilizing value being three or more times that of farmyard manure, even a small amount can make a large difference. I would again stress properly made compost: To you who are strict vegetarians the quality of your food is of isupreme importance as, indeed, it is to everyone who holds health 'and efficiency in esteem. If you grow it yourselves, you know how to satisfy your needs. If you have to buy it, you must have some guarantee of the quality of the food that is sold. Poor stuff land good may look alike, although they never taste alike.

Captions like " T h e Best" or "Selected" are not helpful. Quantity â&#x20AC;˘has no value without quality.

Some months ago a baker approached me to find out where he could get reliable wholemeal flour. In the course of conversation he said that he himself would not eat any of it because any brown bread gave him heartburn^ even if he only had a mouthful. I produced a wholemeal loaf, cut a slice, and gave half of it to him to sample. H e took it with obvious misgivings and nibbled some, then had a good bite and ate the half slice. As he reached f o r the other half slice he remarked that the wholemeal bread needed no addition to make it palatable. T h e heartburn which he expected did not occur. A more demonstrative example of Quality and its effect would be hard to find.

H o w can this Quality be assessed? W e know that the quality of food is proportional to 'the degree of fertility of the soil in which the food is grown. Poor soil or the unbalanced effect of artificials will grow plants devoid of quality: soil of medium fertility will grow similar plants,, of medium quality : soil of high fertility, the soil that has an adequate supply of properly made compost, will grow plants of the highest quality.

If, then, you demand, and secure, compost-grown food, you Can be sure that it is honest and complete, that it is protoform in character, and possesses both the health essence, and the maximum food value.

THE VEGAN

8 I APPEAL

IN

THE

CRY

SUFFERING

OF THE

HARMLESS,

MOTHER-COW

E V E R more surely has my Teacher into the ultimate mystery of humiliation and suffering been as yesterday in the cry of a suffering animal on the point of a violent death. I feel, as I must do, in the cry of the universal Spirit in that agonising moment.

Yesterday I left London for some hours to experience, as I hoped, the refreshing calm of the Surrey countryside. I reached Guildford about 10 a.m., did some shopping and was about to pass f r o m one street to another by a narrow passage when, looking up, I saw above a large barred door: " Ministry of Food Slaughter H o u s e . " T h e r e was a slit at the side of the door and I looked through this and saw cattle waiting to be slaughtered: mother-cows, they seemed to be. O n the face of the one I clearly saw was a look of despair. I feel sure I am not exaggerating, for a feeling of utter despair and suffering gripped me and remained with me, and much of the carefree joy of life disappeared then, perhaps for ever. In f r o n t of the cow's head was hanging a huge piece of carcase, recently slaughtered. I am convinced that the poor animal in t h a t narrow enclosure, drenched with bloodshed and death, was, as I was, oppressed by the horror of its experience. In the background of the slaughter house I caught a glimpse of men in bloodstained overalls, though I could not, and indeed did not, wish to see w h a t they were doing. I realised that to them this slaughter was merely the daily round, the common task, one to which they w e r e accustomed, and that the suffering of these helpless animals would mean little or nothing to them; else, they could not do their work. I thought of the millions w h o eat meat. Do they ever visualise the process involved therein and the indifference to animal^ suffering? The thought of these poor mother-cows whose lives have been those of constant pain and exploitation, ending with this a w f u l violence deeply oppressed me. If ever I stood most consciously in hell it was at that moment. " Christian civilisation," I said to myself with horror as I left the slaughter-house door, and wished to dissociate the true Gospel of Christ, of comprehensive compassion, with the terrible sight I Had just seen. It was not so much w h a t I saw, but what I sensed so deeply of the terror and suffering that left its mark on me for the rest of the day. H o w t h a n k f u l I felt that I, a vegetariaji for about 23 years, am spared participation in this awful trade of daily slaughter, and that, being a vegan, not drawing rations of milk, butter, cheese since April, 1948, I can say I am doing my best to set an example of compassion, though I realise that few will have the comprehensive vision or compassion to follow my example. A s to this I am not boasting; it is to me impossible to separate compassion from com-

9

THE VEGAN

prehensive vision. T h a t others can so do surprises me, but for this I am not responsible.

I went from the slaughter-house into a second-hand bookshop and to the section of Theosophical books, for Theosophy does teach, as does Buddhism and Vedanta, the One Spirit imminent in all consciousness. N o expositors of less comprehensive vision are to me acceptable, and less than ever, acceptable as teachers after the sudden awful realisation of animal suffering and humiliation I had so recently seen by standing beside that slaughter-house door.

I did, however, select a few small books and went down the same street past the slaughter-house. A s I passed, a lorry was emerging with a load of cattle heads and parts of legs with skin and hooves on them. T h e animals I had so recently seen alive were, it seemed, now dismemberedâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;there was and could be n o sentiment in the meat trade; it was, like all other businesses, merely a business to be carried on as efficiently as possible. It was some small comfort to me that the pain of these humiliated mother-cows had so suddenly ended, though had the dismembered pieces I saw been those of human beings I could not have felt more keenly, for cattle are harmless and non-carnivorous, suffering all things; while of those who thus exploit them what shall I think? In this incidence, I can but say that to me the harmless, humiliated mothercow was a more majestic, more icomprehensive teacher than any human being could be. <' I was not however to be spared further vision of humiliation, for as I walked along the street, suddenly there came another nine or ten cattle, driven with speed by their slaughterers : in my distress I did not specially note, but feel sure they were cows, for surely bulls could not thus be tamely driven to the slaughter. T h e poor frightened animals dashed .along the street and at a corner, doubtless sensing their fate, tried to turn in the opposite direction, but they were swiftly and efficiently driven into the slaughter-house.

I turned and walked back towards the slaughter-house; from within came the sound of blows and fierce cries. W h y should it be considered necessary to increase the terror in these poor animals ?

Could they not be spared this final humiliation? They have done nothing in all their lives to deserve this awful end. Surely so long as cows must be killed they should be mercifully slaughtered. T h a t the weapon by which they are killed is presumably instantaneous does not lessen the fact that what precedes this instant death is humiliation of a terrible kind. For none will persuade me that cows are other than deeply emotional and sensitive.

Can one imagine a mother-cow violently slaughtering a man? T h e cases when this has happened are almost negligible considering the very good reasons these poor exploited animals have for so doing.

A s I stood for the second time outside that slaughter-house, I

10

THE VEGAN

heard a low mournful lowing of one of these poor cows. As some w h o read this paper must be sensitive, they must feel how I felt as I turned away in deep distress, feeling so helpless to minimise t h e pain and humiliation. I did, however, summon up courage to go into the butcher's shop beside the slaughter-house and said : " It is many years since I have entered a butcher's shop. I am a vegetarian, but I just come to say I hope the animals in the slaughter-house are treated as kindly as possible." T h e man was taken by surprise and replied: " T h e slaughter-house has nothing to do with us: it is run b y the Ministry of Food." I did not comâ&#x20AC;˘ ment on this statement, but merely said, " I hope the animals are humanely killed," to which in an abrupt way the butcher answered, " O yes," and quickly turned to serve a customer who had appeared.

I realised that I had asked an awkward question, but did not feel that the butcher despised, me for being a vegetarian.

People w h o will eat meat should be prepared to kill it themselves. Slaughter-houses with their dreadful thought-atmosphere are t h e last places in which animals should be killed. W h y not in pleasant surroundings? It is perhaps not practical to suggest in the open fields, but there should be no contempt to the animal, no uncalled-for ferocity or violence in its slaughtering.

Is the continual cruel slaughter of animals in accordance with t h e Gospel of Christ? A r e not Buddhists and Hindus, who as part of their religion refuse t o eat meat, superior to so-called Christians w h o are so callous to animal suffering? Ought not compassion to animals to be part of all true religion? I am convinced that true faith in God must include compassion to animals as well as to h u m a n beings.

Ferocity seems to be inseparable from the slaughtering process, f o r animals naturally shrink from the horror of a violent death.

A r e animals killed in a state of terror fit food for human beings, men and women who are potentially the temple of the Holy Spirit?

I am convinced that to a large extent the depression and cruelty in this world is due to t h e cruelty inflicted on animals. As a philosophical poet, I know that One Spirit animates all consciousness and that in cattle this Spirit is often extremely sensitive. To me, t h e worst of all sins is cruelty t o the weak and defenceless.

I appeal to all who follow my line of reasoning'to ask themselves if their profession of faith in God is sincere. If they can include cruelty to animals with their faith in God as Love, would they not be wise to examine themselves for sin and to profess nothing they cannot translate into practice? T h e practical realisation of the Kingdom of God on Earth is entirely dependent on comprehensive vision, on the compassion that will make this earth one day a heaven compared to the hell it now is.

24th November, 1949.

M . F . C . MACDONALD.

13

THE VEGAN " BLESSED

ARE

THE

MEEK "

I had to be embodied as a Woman .Thus to experience the pain of all In bondage to beliefs in superhuman Conceptions of the Self, the Principle Of all the forms of consciousness ascending By slow degrees to the estate of One, Human alone in might of comprehension.

T h e many pray, and mean, " Thy will be done," But they forget that prayer to be effective Is no mere pious hope ; no thinker is Free in the One, a Witness, comprehensive Of all degrees of feeling, consciousness Until responsible for all too weak T o be self-conscious: "Blessed are the meek!"

Yes, blessed are all humble burden-bearers, All who have sacrificed their selfish ease T o be interpreters and humble sharers Of the dark Cross of suffering, disease All who in sympathy relieve the sorrow Of animals, the sorrow of the Self In bondage to the will of men whose narrow Knowledge is sin, disintegration, death ! â&#x20AC;˘O, we who \now1 who suffer with the humble Bearers of men's appalling use of power, W e who as women, animals face evil A n d see it as it is, await the hour W h e n .men must learn by suffering to be Servants of Love, harmonious and free.

LOVE

MUST

BE

COMPASSION

Love is the power of all true Self-expression, But Love must be compassionate release In all we think and d o ; our comprehension Is not enslaved by temporal disease.

W e are as souls expressive of the wonder Of One beyond the tragedy of Time, Of men w h o mutilate, men who dismember Love's comprehension, holy and divine.

M . F . C . MACDONALD.

THE VEGAN

12

CORRESPONDENCE

On behalf of the Elderly I n t h e c u r r e n t issue I read with great interest an important article on " A V e g a n C h i l d ' s Diet," by Claire Loewenfeld, which caused me to reflect t h a t I had n e v e r seen a similar article d e v o t e d to old age, n o r have I seen a suitable set of exercises published for such. T h o s e w h o a d o p t a Reform D i e t f r o m h u m a n e reasons arc in a hopeless minority ; most recruits being f r o m t h e ranks of those individuals whose health is below par and who are willing t o - t r y a change in t h e hope of i m p r o v e m e n t .

I n my o p i n i o n , healthy old age is a p o w e r f u l advocate of our cause, a n d n o w , a t 75 years of age ( n o t a great age I will admit), I see cont e m p o r a r i e s , far most robust than I was, passing hence and leaving me :o b e c o m e t h e surprise of m a n y people w h o enquire as to my mode of life.

I am a n x i o u s to continue to b e an example for the sake of o u r cause, a n d I consider t h a t a detailed article on t h e lines of Mrs. Loewenfeld's c o n t r i b u t i o n , with a set of home exercises which would be useful in inc l e m e n t w e a t h e r , would be invaluable. M o v e m e n t is a law of Nature, and a n y o n e b e c o m i n g lethargic soon discovers t h a t deterioration has set in.

W . M . , Staffs.

A Viewpoint from Holland O n f o u r t h October, the day on which all over t h e world the t h o u g h t s of m a n k i n d are focussed o n t h e Animal and t h e relationship between M a n a n d A n i m a l , it would be as well if we vegetarians considered particularly seriously o u r attitude towards this relationship.

Article 2 of o u r Regulations states: — Vegetarianism finds its practical application in the vegetarian manner of living, which m e a n s — a. T h e vegetarian way of feeding, i.e., to abstain from eating all food derived f r o m the slaughtered animal. b. T o abstain f r o m killing o r causing to be killed, any animal, unless absolutely necessary. c. T h e development of m a n ' s compassion for the animal.

If we just do n o t use meat, fish, or fowl for food, are we then really living in accordance with t h e Rules laid down in t h a t Article? Should we n o t realise that, f o r the p r o d u c t i o n of dairy produce, r e d u n d a n t calves a n d bulls, a n d cows that produce no m o r e milk are killed o f f ; that f o r t h e p r o d u c t i o n .of eggs, young cocks are killed, and hens which have ceased t o lay are " liquidated " ; t h a t because wool is used for articles of c l o t h i n g a n d blankets, countless s h e e p die an early d e a t h ?

B u t even if wc lived according to this m o r e rigorous r e g i m e — t h e " true " s t a n d p o i n t of vegetarianism—by abstaining f r o m using dairy products, eggs, o r h o n e y , w o u l d t h a t be the end? N o , for behind t h e Animal stands Man, w h o also n e e d s o u r consideration. For instance, I have seen people whose o c c u p a t i o n is t h e preparation of food for vegetarians working in a way which shocked me considerably, and made me realise that we have to go far deeper i n t o t h e matter, a n d not even cause suffering to man a n d animal.

If w e are h o n e s t , we m u s t realise that it is n o t e n o u g h merely to abstain f r o m e a t i n g f o o d for which an animal has been killed.

Vegetarianism d e m a n d s an a t t i t u d e to life which will bear witness to our respect for everyt h i n g w h i j h lives and grows.

H . POTHOFF, Haarlem.

Musical Instruments G u t strings a r e on the decline. Full-time musicians can wear them out in a week or so, and for two or three days they stretch and go out of trurie-. B i n d i n g with flat aluminium wire helps t o reduce wear, b u t this works

THE VEGAN

13

loose and rattles.

Strings are made of artificial silk and there are many brands of good metal strings. I am using a set of metal strings ( d r a w n steel core with flat Wrapped covering) now and do n o t w a n t to c h a n g e back to gut. T h e y are capable of fine adjustment, true in fifths, last a long time, and d o not break.

Horsehair is still used for bows, but I believe that experiments are being" made with nylon. Before t h e war a steel-haired bow was available, but was not satisfactory as it would not hold t h e resin. H u b e r m a n used o n e for sonatas and concertos at one time, but during the " tutu " passages he had to resin his bow and this is not satisfactory.

W o o d w i n d and brass instruments use n o animal products in their manufacture so far as I am aware. T h e heads of timpani were of parchm e n t from calves, but synthetic ones are being used nowadays. T h e snares on side d r u m s are still made of catgut, but there may be a substitute for these. / G u t strings have been used for pianos, but steel ones with a copper covering on t h e bass ones are now widely used. T h e keys a r e . n o l o n g e r ivory but a kind of celluloid.

A l t h o u g h called catgut, the gut actually came from sheep and goats, and, so far as I know, n o n e were killed or bred specially for their guts.

Not using gut strings obviates the need for using animal oil to keep t h e strings in condition, and small tubes of plastic material p u t on metal strings prevents t h e m from cutting into the bridge ; formerly, little leather pads were used. , F.N., Doncaster.

The Raw Food Diet M y husband and I have been experimenting along these lines for t h e past 18 m o n t h s or so. W e first adopted the two-meal-per-day plan.

We then left out all cooked vegetables and fruits (with the exception of jacketpotatoes in my own case, 9s they appear to suit me better than cereals), and then, a b o u t 6 m o n t h s ago, took the f u r t h e r step of eliminating protein dishes, taking cereal or potatoes with our salads instead. M y husband is not a vegan and simply left off . eating cheese, eggs, etc., bccause he folt t h a t his health would benefit thereby.. W e do not care greatly for nuts, so these do not form part of our diet except in the form of n u t butters or creams. O u r main articles of diet, therefore, are raw vegetables, fresh and dried fruits, unleavened wholewheat bread ; in t h e case of my husband dairy butter and honey, and in my own case n u t butter and jacket-potatoes.

A n interesting point is that my husband is daily engaged u p o n physical work, but so far has felt n o t h i n g - b u t benefit from the change.

W e do wonder, however, w h e t h e r the colder weather will set us longing for somet h i n g m o r e bulky in the way of protein.

Incidentally, we have cut down our food bill considerably since a d o p t i n g t h e n e w way of living, which proves t h a t vegan fare need n o t entail a heavier d e m a n d u p o n the housekeeping purse, particularly if one is able to p r o d u c e salads from the back garden.

Mrs. H . W . , N e w b u r y .

ACTIVITIES

AT

RYDAL

LODGE

A p r i l ' 6th-15th.—Easter Holidays—still some vacancies.

April 20th—24th.—Special Wordsworth Centenary Celebrations.

April 25th—May 5th.—Short Cookery Course.

Lectures, Demonstrations and Practical W o r k to give a comprehensive foundation in Food Preparation.

Full details oh request. >

THE VEGAN

14

THE VEGAN BABY BUREAU B y KATHLEEN V . MAYO. '

Fruitarian Diet

O

N E of the greatest problems confronting us to-day is how to preserve our children in the highest state of health upon the smallest amount of money. If we can discover a cheap and economical way of living which gives the highest standard of health, strength and energy, we shall have helped to make a cleaner, hardier and happier race of individuals. If this way of living is also a way of " setting the animals free," so that the only contact between children and animals is one of companionship, this relationship will bring about a new race, who will live in a f a r happier world.

All those interested in the improvement of the race will wish to ascertain what diet is most natural and best for us to-day.

Certain foods are better for us than others, a fact which daily observation confirms. - If we wish to maintain the health of our children it is obvious that we should prepare for' them such foods as will ensure that the basis of their diet, as a general rule, can be of use and benefit to their growth, both mentally and physically, and also maintain them in the highest state of healthAssuming that there is an " ideal " diet, by going carefully t h r o u g h all foodstuffs, and knowing that Booking spoils all natural foods, w e are forced, by the process of elimination, to the conclusion that the only foods t h a t . are really natural to man, those best suited to his organism, are fruits and nuts ; the food of his anthropoid brethren, and man's own natural diet, as is indicated by his anatomical structure. Fruit and nuts will alone suffice to maintain t h e human body in the highest state of health, because they contain all the essentials for sustaining life in a state of health.and vitality in exactly the right proportions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates with the correct amount of mineral salts.

Anatomically, we belong to the Frugivora class ; our teeth correspond in almost every particular with the teeth of the frugivorous animal. If we compare them we find that the number, the arrangement, the structure, the nature, and the size of the teeth are almost identical.

T o quote Hereward Carrington in his book " T h e Natural Food of M a n , " published in 1905, in which h e proves very conclusively that, both anatomically and physiologically, man belongs to the frugivorous class : â&#x20AC;&#x201D; From fruit and nuts all the elements necessary for the upbuilding of a healthy body can be obtained, and from them he can obtain the greatest amount of health, strength and energy.

<1

THE VEGAN

15

" Many persons would be willing to concede that man can live without m e a t ; indeed, there is no escaping this conclusion, sincc thousands of persons are actually doing so. But not very many would be willing to concede -that all breads, grains and vegetables can be abandoned as h u m a n food. Yet I think it can be shown very conclusively that none of these foods are intended for the human being. Each Genus has its own particular food allotted by Nature; and man's food consistsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;or should consistâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;of fruit and nuts. Further, these fruits and nuts should be eaten raw in their original form. I am convinced that cooking ruins nearly all foods. " Far more energy is experienced while living upon fruits and nuts, and the necessity for much sleep vanishes. T h e fact that nature intended us to live upon such a diet is very clearly indicated by our structure, and it is safe to say that the nearer we live to nature, the happier we will be."

Wilfred Wellock, in his address at the Vegan Conference this year, said that he always had one pound of fruit per day. W h e n a family of four like two pounds of fruit per day, this can easily be obtained from a quarter-acre of garden. T w o pounds of fruit for four comes to about 26 cwt. per year, and a quarter-acre of orchard of well-established fruit trees (planted about 20 years ago) will yield tons per year with no spraying or artificial manures, just natural compost and the grass under the trees scythed down three times a year and left on the surface.

Fortunately for us, the late James Henry Cook (Founder of the Pitman Health Foods Co., and one of. the pioneers of the nondairy diet) foresaw this trend towards a fruitarian diet and planted this quarter-acre of orchard, laughingly saying: " These trees will bear fruit for my grandchildren."

As my children are reaping the benefit from this act,' I want to pass on this idea to many vegan parents, suggesting to them that one.of the best gifts they can give their children, besides bringing them up with a taste for natural foods, is. to plant fruit and nut trees for them now, and in years to come they will be very greatly appreciated.

In Mr. Cook's book, " Uncooked Natural Foods," he ended with the words: " It only requires the exercise of a little persistence and sufficient faith, for those living on an uncooked diet to overcome all apparent obstacles and sweep away disease and ill health (which are unnatural and are due to man's perverse nature and straying from the path of simple living), and finally reach that pinnacle of radiant joyous.good health which is the birthright of all."

It is just fifty years ago that he wrote a booklet called " Aids to a Simpler Diet " ; now " Aids to a Vegan Diet for Children " has just-been published. On receiving this, a Naturopath writes : (Concluded at foot of next page)

16

THE VEGAN

VEGAN EXPOSITION

BY ALFRED H Y . HAFFENDEN, D . T h . ( A . I . ) ,

&c.

T h i s didactic rhetorical poem was read by me at a Graalist celebration, •which included a vegan feast at which forty people participated, in Manc h e s t e r on Saturday, 30th August, 1 9 4 7 . — A . H y . H .

M a n y have been the definitions of Reason.

I t is t h e Crown, the Light, the Guide, the A d o r n m e n t of Man, R a n g i n g all H u m a n h o o d and H u m a n k i n d Beyond all other mortal life ; It wears In all its myriad acts and marvellous w o r k s — Scene after scene, u n e n d i n g , curbless, v a s t — T h e wondrous vestures of all H u m a n S p e e c h — Speech t h a t opes yearning toward t h e Mind Divine.

H i g h l y endowed and bright bedecked with Reason, T h e H u m a n Life is lit up, held and fed, S o in the end men dwell in dignity, B r e a t h e loveliness, enact all beauty, walk I n wisdom, move and, dramatic, fulfil T h e Universal Tension which is G o d .

Reason is the Light, the Plan, the Great Creator, H e W h o s e far intricate designs are w r o u g h t I n grace immaculate. Did H e design T h e parasitic form, the terrible modes O f violent living, murderous ways? Did H e Devise t h e stealth, the terror, cruelty, Of N a t u r e ' s broods, the cunning exploitations O f m e n ' s .perversities—which they call n e e d s ? — R.eason—Reason within u s — H e says n o .

T h i s is clear, simple, irrefutable.

S o is the beauteous truth that m a n was made ' I n f o r m and mode to be a fruit-eater. , But Reason's rich designs f o r His fair world O f h a r m o n y and full dramatic life A r e truly deep-mysterious. So His grace A n d lordly magnificence will slowly unfold ( B y m a n y a word and many a guidance given, T o those who follow on and seek H i s way, W h o love the majesty of Reason's mode) T h e golden flowers of W i s d o m ' s perfect Day.

I am delighted to receive a copy of your book on Children's D i e t and wish to congratulate you on this excellent publication. I f o u n d it most interesting and helpful, so much so that I am enclosing a Postal O r d e r for 12/6 for twelve copies and postage. I int e n d to give these to those patients w h o are interested in bringing u p their children by Natural Methods. I consider it a very valuable addition t o the literature on Natural Diet."

(Kindly address' all Baby Bureau correspondence direct to " Braeside," Thornhill Road, Streetly, Sutton Coldfield.—K.V.M.)

THE VEGAK1

17

POT-POURRI

By Fay K. Henderson Milk T T is generally agreed among vegans that milk is the most difficult dairy product to substitute satisfactorily. While' admitting that " milk " as a liquid food is no longer essential to either children or adults, nor is an alternative necessary for the teacups of a vegan household—yet it is very important to have available a completely satisfactory milk suitable for serving in the tea offered hospitably to non-vegan friends. Naturally we want our guests to enjoy all they receive at our table and not be aware of anything lacking.

Usually the most pleasing tea milk is that made by emulsifying nut cream with hot water through a hand pump. If this is found to be too rich, add an equal quantity of carefully prepared Vitasoy or fine Soylac and strain through a muslin to remove the sediment.

Such straining may be tedious if merely left to drain, but if t h e muslin bag is agitated the liquid will pass through quite quickly.

T h e sediment, of course, is usable for some other purpose.

Recently in gift parcels from America we have received Miller's Soyalac—the All-Purpose milk substitute. This product is certainly excellent for our purpose, being of extremely fine texture and readily soluble without residue. Anyone interested to sample this Soyalac should individually contact American friends and exchange gift parcels. T h e English Soylac is still only available in 28-lb. tins (42s.) through Rydal Lodge, while Vitasoy can be obtained in 1-lb. tins (3s.) from some Health Food Stores.

Another interesting method of producing a vegan milk direct from nuts is possible with a Turmix Electric Machine. Cashew kernels are most suitable and are first milled dry in the Turmix goblet, then warm water is added and f u r t h e r beaten till quite smooth. A f t e r straining through muslin, this milk is excellent f o r tea or coffee or as a table cream. Further particulars of the Turmix machine may be obtained from Rydal Lodge.

Winter Salads In the winter issue of " Health and the Soil," Pantagruel, as usual, talks about Food : " N o w begins that dangerous season when greens are at a • ransom and salads almost unobtainable. You should have pickled a few red cabbages in vinegar this autumn. T h e acid preserves t h e vitamin C. A n o t h e r g o o d idea is to dig u p the last small carrots from your plot and p u t one in a saucer of water with only the root tip immersed. It will sprout, and you can use t h e green as a salad, as a vegetable or as a table decoration.

Even window boxes will grow mustard and cress all winter. R e a p t h e m with scissors. M y vegan friends say the nearer maturity they are t h e better. T o get a good quality crop, fill the box with compost. . . P e a s or beans laid between layers of clean, d a m p sacking in a dark; w a r m cellar will sprout into a useful salading."

18

THE VEGAN

W e must certainly differ from Pantagruel on this question of w i n t e r salads, f o r at the present time a wide and attractive variety is readily available and a few suggestions -are offered here : .1. Grated cauliflower layered with mustard and/or cress and dressed with oil and lemon juice. (It will be found that lemon juice supersedes vinegar for all salad purposes).

2. Shredded white heart of savoy with grated raw carrot and thinly sliced leek, dressed with oil and lemon, and finely snipped parsley. T h e addition of a little shredded red cabbage will make an interesting Rainbow Salad.

3. Finely shredded white cabbage heart and chopped cooked beet, also dressed with oil and lemon.

4. W h e n grating r a w beetroot try the addition of grated cooking apple which will improve both colour and flavour.

T h e suggestion that a few red cabbages might have been pickled in vinegar during the autumn does not appeal as we prefer to use t h e raw red cabbage heart as salad, shredded finely and combined with grated apple, celery or soaked raisins. It has been our experience that good, hard, dry red cabbage heads will store well in a cool place and the outer leaves when cooked with onion make a delicious and unusual addition to a hot meal.

M u s t a r d and cress in the window box is an excellent idea which might even be extended to internal decoration b y growing a bowl in t h e dining room. If not cut too young it develops both in quantity and quality of flavour: W e also approve the suggestion of sprouting pulses between clean, damp cloths and have found that green lentils are the quickest and most satisfactory crop. This is a splendid way to revitalise a dormant dried food for serving raw as a valuable fresh component of a winter salad.

ANNUAL

GENERAL MEETING OF THE V E G A N

SOCIETY

T h i s meeting was held o n Saturday, 26th N o v e m b e r , at Friends' House, L o n d o n , a n d was quite well attended, members being present f r o m various p a r t s of t h e c o u n t r y . T h e R e p o r t on the past year's work was read and a p p r o v e d , and a summary appears in this issue. T h e Treasurer submitted his accounts f o r the year, a n d an abridged statement of these also appears in this n u m b e r .

T h e following Officials a n d Office-bearers were duly elected : President: M r . W m . V. Collier.

Vice-Presidents: M r . Frank K. M a y o , Mrs. Fay K. H e n d e r s o n , M r . ' Donald W a t s o n , D r . Cyril V. P i n k , D r . A . Leon W i n e r , M r . C. C, Abbott, M r . G . Allan Henderson. ( S u b j e c t to acceptance).

Committee: M r s . Kathleen V . Mayo, M r . William Ashley, Mrs. Sheila Johnstone, Mrs. Elsie B. Shrigley, M r . Leslie J. Cross, Mrs. A m y Little, Mrs. â&#x20AC;˘ M a r g a r e t B. Rawls, Mrs. Muriel E. D r a k e , Miss D . I. Maclachlan, Mr. Frank Needham. ' Secretary and Treasurer: M r . Bruce Litten, at a salary to be fixed by the Committee.

THE VEGAN THE

VEGAN

SOCIETY

REPORT

19 FOR YEAR

1948/49

This completes the fifth year of the Society as an organisation, with m a n y signs of increased interest in veganism, and expansion of the movement..

During the year, Committee Meetings were held in London on 2 8 t h November, 1948, and on 1 2 t h / 1 3 t h February, 1949, at Helidon on 1 4 t h / 1 5 t h May, at Bromley on 2 3 r d / 2 4 t h July, at Winscombe on 2 2 n d / 2 3 r d October, and in L o n d o n on 26th November, the average attendance being ten.

As before, Committee Members have borne their own expenses in attending these meetings, but the hospitality extended by our hosts at Helidon, Bromley a n d Winscombe was greatly appreciated. " T h e Vegan " is published each quarter and is sent, to all members, while it is sold in Health Food Stores and elsewhere. Mrs. Rawls' Recipe Booklet and Mrs. Mayo's " A i d s to a Vegan Diet for Children " have been published and are already having a good sale. ' D u r i n g the year Mrs. M a y o has received many enquiries from parents endeavouring to bring u p their children in the vegan way, and much- advice and help has been sent for children allergic to cow's milk, for babies being weaned on to a vegan diet and for vegetarian children whose narents were trying to introduce veganism.

M a n y friendships between vegan children have been made t h r o u g h the Baby Bureau and there have been offers for holiday exchanges and also invitations from Auckland, N . Z . , t o any young vegans going there for t h e Empire Sports.

Advice on gardening and related matters is given regularly in " T h e Vegan " by Mr. Alec M a r t i n , and Mrs. Rawls continued the Food Advice Section, contributing recipes for each issue.

T h e demand for vegan footwear continues to increase, but t h e prospects held out last year proved a great disappointment. It must be admitted that, at the moment, suitable hard-wearing vegan footwear is not available, although both individuals and t h e Committee have made investigations and continue t o follow u p any hopeful suggestions.

O n 30th J u n e M r . G. Allan Henderson resigned f r o m the Secretaryship.

T h e Society is grateful to him for his work as Editor without remuneration, and he has offered to continue in this position for the time being.

A considerable correspondence is handled, including letters from many parts of the w o r l d : m a n y enquiries are received asking for details of the Society and its aims.

Local Groups are active in varying degrees, and it is hoped t h a t t h e proposed addition to the Rules may help G r o u p organisation. T h e Secretary of the London Vegan G r o u p reports that during the year there have been eight public lectures and a number of social events. T h e vegan case was represented in a public debate on " Animal Milk as H u m a n Food " organised by the London Vegetarian Society Social Club. Mrs. D r a k e organised t h e vegan stall at the Animals' Fair in 1948, and, apart f r o m valuable propaganda, made a profit of about ÂŁ20 for the Society. She is again organising the Society's stalls at the December, 1949, Fair.

Mrs. Rawls gave a vegan cookery talk in Huddersfield for the Yorkshire G r o u p in January, which was well received and reported in the local Press.

Mr. Frank M a y o addressed the Bournemouth Vegetarian Society and t h e Midland Vegan Group.

T h e Report from t h e Organiser, Mrs. Fay K. Henderson, made reference to Cookery Demonstrations she had given in Edinburgh, Coniston, Saltcoats â&#x20AC;˘ and Largs, to a two weeks' Cookery Course held at Rydal, to Reunions in Manchester and Glasgow, and to a number of other gatherings and contacts during the year. T h e Meeting expressed its appreciation of the very practical work Mrs. H e n d e r s o n is doing on behalf of the vepan cause.

THE VEGAN

20

T h i s account of the year's activities of- the Society is necessarily incomplete, as much work is d o n e that is u n r e p o r t e d . It is the many small personal contacts and t h e individual examples of each one that helps to build up the Society. Nevertheless, the Secretary would be pleased to hear of activities as they occur throughout t h e ' country.

T h e . officers of the Society are all busy people, and are also handicapped

by Being widely scattered. If each member could, however, give more active s u p p o r t to t h e Movement, w e could look forward to a steady expansion a n d develop a wider, influential Society.

26th N o v e m b e r , 1949.

B R U C E L I T T E N , Secretary.

Statement of Accounts for year ended 31st October, 1949 RECEIPTS. Cash in Bank and 'on H a n d — 1 s t November, Subscriptions a n d Donations — L i f e M e m b e r s ' Subscriptions Special A p p e a l A d v e r t i s e m e n t s in " The Vegan " Sale of Literature and Calendars A n i m a i s ' Pair, 1948 Collection at 1948 Conference Bank Interest

1948 .. .. ..

£ s.

87 0 165 960 5 262 6 40 11 106 7 21 0 3 17 3 3

d.

1 11 0 10 5 7 4 6 2

£750

1 10

121

9 10

PAYMENTS. ..

P r i n t i n g of " T h e Vegan " — t h r e e issues (Liability for A u t u m n issue, £ 3 9 / 1 0 / 6 ) .

C a l e n d a r s and Literature for resale P r i n t i n g , Stationery and Advertising Postages, Telephones, etc.

Secretary's Salary T r a v e l l i n g Expenses Stall ai A n i m a l s ' Fair, 1948 R e i m b u r s e m e n t re Footwear Subscriptions, Meetings, Expenses and Sundries .

Cash in Bank a n d on H a n d — 3 1 s t October, 1949

..

..

91 32 34 200 20 8 4 9 227 £750

BRUCE 26th N o v e m b e r ,

12 0 3 13 6 8 11 14 2

1 10

LITTEN,

1949.

Treasurer.

EYDAL

LODGE

near AMBLESIDE, W E S T M O R L A N D In t h e heart of t h e English Lakes.

A Guest Centre where the Vegan principle is demonstrated, all food being free of animal produce.

H i g h standard of comfort, service and catering.

See notice on page 13.

O p e n Always.

9 3 5 4 2 0 0 9 4

T e l . : Ambleside 208.

THE VEGAN MISCELLANEOUS (Two

21

ADVERTISEMENTS.

lines. 4 / - : extra lines. 1 / 6 ea.; 2 0 % allowed on four consecutive

L E A R N T O S P E A K A N D W R I T E . — L e s s o n s by visit or ( 5 / - ) . Classes ( 1 / 6 ) . — D o r o t h y Matthews, B.A., L o n d o n , N A V . J . . PRImrose .5686.

issues.)

correspondence ,

" V E G A N R E C I P E S . " — B y Mrs. Fay K. H e n d e r s o n .

Appetising and Nutritious Fare without animal or dairy products. Revised Edition, price 2 / 8 , ready soon, from Rydal Lodge, Ambleside, W e s t m o r l a n d .

W A N T E D , loan of .£500 for f u r t h e r development of vegan holiday gardens.

— W r i t e Box 42, " T h e V e g a n . " .

P I A N O F O R T E teacher, trained in modern professional methods, seeks a few pupils.

7 / - per lesson.—Miss A n n e Mitcalfe, , London, W . 1 4 .

H O L I D A Y bungalow to let in large garden; sleep three; five minutes beach, shops, buses. Electric light and" cooking, main water, bath.

Available April—September to vegans and vegetarians.

Compost-grown produce for sale. Ideal for rest and recuperation.—Crocker, Buckleigh, Westward H o !

ESTABLISHMENTS CATERING FOR VEGANS. C A M B R I D G E . — C o l o n i c irrigation, massage, infra-red radiant heat, diets, etc. o n e or two resident guest patients taken.—Mrs. E. Jepp (late Champneys), 19B Victoria Street. Tel. 2867.

L A K E D I S T R I C T . — B e c k Allans and Rothay Bank, Grasmere.

Attractive guest houses for invigorating, refreshing h o l i d a y s . — W r i t e : Isabel James.

P E N A R T H . — " Vegetarian H o m e , " Rectory Road. Rest, change, relaxation.

Ideal situation.

Pleasant holiday resort, overlooking sea.

Attractive, generous catering. Sun Lounge. H . & C. Send for new Brochure.

S C A R B O R O U G H . — V e g a n s welcomed in private house in good district. Generous diet.—Miss V . Carr, .

residential

S C O T L A N D . — W e s t H i g h l a n d Coast. Vegans welcomed in private house in grand situation overlooking sea-loch.

Donald a n d Muriel Crabb, Achaglachgach, W e s t Loch, T a r b e r t , Argyll.

S U R R E Y H I L L S . — V e g e t a r i a n Country Club 700 ft. up, grand views and walks. Cent. H t g . , Garage. From £ 4 / 4 / 0 p.w. N O E X T R A S .

Illus. b r o c h u r e . — U p w o o d House, Caterham. Tel. 3633.

ST.

C A T H E R I N E ' S S C H O O L , Almondsbury, N r . Bristol. — Progressive co-educational boarding school for children of all ages,, specialising in music, dancing, crafts, etc., in addition to usual academic subjects.

400 f t . u p , overlooking Channel and Welsh Hills. O w n produce.

N . D E V O N . — F o u r W i n d s , Westward H o !

Details V e g a n V „ N o . page 9. Brochure now ready. T e l e p h o n e Everett, N o r t h a m 405.

1,

K E S W I C K . — A n n o u n c i n g the opening of " Highfield," T h e Heads, as a Vegetarian Guest House. - Delightfully situated. O p e n all year. Tel • 508.

THE VEGAN

22

Of Qreat Interest to Vegetarians A NEW

NATURAL

GELLING

BRBTISH Processed

and Vegans J AGENT

A G A R

in Britain from raw materials gathered the shores of the.British Isles.

from

Advantages include: ABSOLUTE PURITY EXCEPTIONAL CLARITY CONSISTENT GEL STRENGTH DOES N O T REQUIRE S O A K I N G OR BOILING COMPLETELY SOLUBLE A T 160-180째 Fah. Sole M a n u f a c t u r e r s : FINE INDUSTRIAL COMMODITIES, D o m e s t i c Supplies B.

R.

AGAR,

Rydal

Lodge,

LTD.,

from:

Ambleside,

4 ozs., 6 / - ; 8 ozs., 1 1 / - ; 1 6 ozs., 2 0 / - .

Westmorland

A l l post free.

THE

NATURE CURE HOME & HEALTH HYDRO Inveresk H o u s e , Inveresk, M i d l o t h i a n ( 6 miles f r o m E d i n b u r g h )

,

Treatments include: Fasting, Dietetics, C o l o n i c Irrigation, Spinal Manipulation, Massage, Bergonie T h e r a p y , R a d i a n t L i g h t a n d H e a t . Baths, etc.

D i e t i n g is o n non-flesh f o o d r e f o r m lines, s y m p a t h e t i c t o w a r d s V e g a n principles.

A fully qualified physician is in residence.

BINSTEAH

HOUSE

(Adjoining Coif Course)

HOTEL

BINSTEAD. ISLE OF WIGHT Fragrant Himalayan Deodars and Lebanon Cedars surrounding six acres o f Green Lawns. 3 6 acres Tropical Gardens and rare flowering shrubs g e n t l y sloping to the sea.

F r u i t Orchards and Vegetable Gardens e n t i r e l y compost grown. A haven o f shelter where mimosa, rhododendrons, camellias and roses bloom in w i n t e r .

Delightful in summer.

Ideal for week-ends.

Only half hour f r o m Portsmouth.

T e r m s 3 ^ - 8 gns., according to room and season. S.A.E. Brochure.

'Phone: Ryde 2 1 5 2 .

THE VEGAN 25

THE ORIGINAL

The Alternative to Dairy Milk

Prepared solely f r o m N u t Kernels, Perfectly Emulsified

per

jar

It is delicious with dried or fresh fruit 1 and also with breakfast cereals.

Sole

makers:

PITMAN HEALTH FOODS LTD. VITALAND, FOUR OAKS, SUTTON COLDFIELD

THE VEGAN

24

C EL M OS

NATURAL TONIC LAXATIVE

APERITIVE

FOOD-REFORM

CONDIMENT

T h i s pleasant-tasting remedial p r o d u c t combines the tonic and healing properties of CARRAGEEN MOSS, CELERY SEED and YEAST. N o added salt.

C A R R A G E E N is g e n t l y laxative, b u t w i t h o u t purgative effects. .

I n c o n t a c t w i t h digestive f l u i d s i t swells and induces natural i n t e s t i n a l action, w h i c h is n o t l i k e l y to be f o l l o w e d by any consequential a s t r i n g e n t reaction or b i n d i n g e f f e c t .

It enriches the blood.

CELERY is well k n o w n as one of the best natural antidotes to acid b o d i l y conditions, i n c l u d i n g r h e u m a t i s m .

Y E A S T promotes good digestion and natural bowel action.

C ELM O S is taken w i t h meals :

O n e or t w o teaspoonsful to be s p r i n k l e d on savoury dishes, or c o o k e d vegetables; or one teaspoonful in soup.

Added a t the table or j u s t before serving.

Or may be used in salad and savoury sandwiches.

Celmos s h o u l d n o t be cooked.

Since t h e factor in threefold salt, is a

excessive use of mineral table salt is a frequent many disorders, t l i e s u b s t i t u t i o n o f this excellent remedial c o n d i m e n t w h i c h does n o t c o n t a i n added simple, pleasant and e f f e c t i v e m e t h o d o f i m p r o v i n g physical c o n d i t i o n .

Price per p o t , 1 / 6 and 2 / 3 .

Postage 6 d .

Suitable for children.

GARLISOL COMPANY, FAIRLIGHT, SUSSEX

your meals w i t h VESOP E X T R A C T OF PURE VEGETABLE O R I G I N .

It makes your Soups, Vegetables, Gravies, etc., most palatable. You can obtain a savoury hot drink w i t h VESOP. Vegetarians and Vegans everywhere, ask your Health Food Store for VESOP.

1/6 per bottle (Recipe Book on request) VESOP PRODUCTS L T D .

4 9 8 Hornsey Road, London, N . 1 9 Telephone: ARChway 2 4 5 7

Every dose of Neoran

contains in c o n v e n i e n t , i n o f f e n s i v e f o r m . T h i s u n i q u e garlic content, combined with thymol and a n i s e e d , is giving n o t a b l e results in such varied c o n d i t i o n s as gastritis, r h e u m a t i s m , a n d catarrh, t o n a m e o n l y a few. A s k f o r N E O R A N (available in liquid, tablet and ointment f o r m ) at your Health Food Store or Chemist; informative literature f r e e o n r e q u e s t .

Sole M a n u f a c t u r e r s : PIERCE A. ARNOLD, F.C.S. Manufacturing and Consulting Cbemists

P0U.ARD ROAD, MORDEN. SURREY

the oil of garlic an English garlic

from corm

Tasty, Nourishing

NUT FRinERS can be made in a few minutes with

M A P L E T O N S SAVOURY I - l b . Cartons i - l b . Cartons

SAVORMIX MAPLEMEAT PRITTAMIX S

2/2 1/10 1/6

POWDERS

All quickly make nourishing, sustain I>K >nd delicious savoury fritters of high food value. See easy-to-make Recipes on Cartons.

9 id.

7$d.

6Âťd.

From Health

NUT

Food Stores and many

MAPLETON S NUT FOOD CO. LTD.

Grocers.

(Dept. V.8), CARSTON. LIVERPOOL. 19

F r o m e n t is a wonderful nerve restorer and general fitness builder.

A d d t o it such foods as porridge, stewed fruits, soups, milk. etc.

Possesses a most attractive nutty flavour.

From Health Food Stores in - cartons, SA (18 o i s . ) and 1/7* ( 8 oz.)

sss?

Froment

Made only from the living wheat germ by IOHN Printed

H.

HERON

by H .

H.

LTD..

GREAVES.

HOOK LTD..

ROAD

MILLS.

COOLE.

YORKS.

106/10. Lordship Lane. London,

i

S.E.2I