Precision ag pays off

Precision ag

pays off in bumper celery crop

BY DIMI KYRIAKOU AND CARL LARSEN RMCG

AVictorian vegetable farm is reaping the benefits from a trial of precision agriculture technologies to improve soil and crop health.

In this edition, the Soil Wealth ICP team delve into some of the key findings from the project’s demonstration site. Soil Wealth ICP Phase 2 (VG16078) is a strategic levy investment under the Hort Innovation Vegetable Fund. Since 2018, vegetable growing operation Schreurs & Sons has explored the application of precision agriculture in celery, leek and baby leaf production systems at its Koo Wee Rup farm, about 80km south-east of Melbourne. A range of technologies were trialled at the site, including drones, EM38 mapping, gridded soil sampling, variable rate fertiliser spreading and remote monitoring of pests and beneficial insects. These technologies were put to the test to find out how they could deliver greater production efficiencies and better returns, which will ultimately support the sustainability of the farm and the business.

Key findings

Improved uniformity of nutrient availability through variable rate spreading This process allows fertiliser to be applied at different rates depending on the changes in soil chemistry across the block, which can achieve a more consistent and high-quality cash crop through more precise application of nutrients. Large areas of the trial site showed an increase in pH to desirable levels, more consistent levels of potassium, phosphorus and magnesium, and lower average levels of sodium.

Reduced soil-borne disease risk and severity This occurred over time at the site and was more pronounced in the trial area compared to the control. The most significant reductions were in Pythium spp. (to moderate levels) and Rhizoctonia spp. (low levels) in the trial area. This may be due to the precision agriculture activities at the trial site as well as other factors such as soil moisture, temperature and variation in planting times.

Faster in-field monitoring of plant nutrient uptake to inform decisions More precise nutrition and drainage management corresponded to improvements and consistency in the celery nutrient uptake during the summer growing season. A comparison of field and lab sap testing showed the value in faster in-field monitoring across a number of sample points in the trial area.

Digital insect scout monitored crops around the clock as a ‘back up’ From October to December 2019, the project team more actively used and calibrated the remote monitoring insect trap for early detection of relative pest pressure and indication of the reliability of flights (timing and duration), which has been changing in the region over the years. However, it was still important to have conventional scouting to correctly identify pest species and inform control options at the farm.

More consistent marketable yield from treated areas Yield assessment data showed a significant improvement in the consistency of the 2020 crop, where the degree of variability was between four to 12 per cent. This compared to the 2019 crop, where the degree of variability was between 45 to 53 per cent across multiple samples within the trial block. This meant easier grading and packing of celery and the ability to supply customers with a product that better met their specifications.

Yield assessment data showed an improvement in the consistency of the 2020 crop.

Schreurs & Sons Director of Field Operations Adam Schreurs said the trial highlighted the problem areas of the farm that were affecting yield and needed targeted action. “The trial has turned the worst performing part of my farm into the best performing part of my farm. It’s a massive turnaround in two years,” he said. “The harvest from the demonstration site this year (2020) was so uniform. It was really noticeable when it was coming off the block. It was a fantastic result — it beat the best crop off the farm.” To access a case study and podcast which further explore the key findings and lessons learned at the Koo Wee Rup demonstration site, visit:

www.soilwealth.com.au/resources/ case-studies/precision-ag-pays-offin-bumper-celery-crop-koo-wee-rupdemonstration-site-case-study/

3 A trial of precision agriculture technologies at a Victorian vegetable farm highlighted the problem areas of the farm that were affecting yield and needed targeted action.

Soil Wealth ICP would like to thank our project partners Schreurs & Sons, Stuart Grigg Ag-Hort Consulting, Brown’s Fertilisers, Precision Agriculture, OneHarvest and Metos — Australia & NZ.

MORE INFORMATION

Optimising cover cropping project for the Australian vegetable industry has been funded by Hort Innovation using the vegetable research and development levy and contributions from the Australian Government.

For more information, please contact project leaders Dr Gordon Rogers on (02) 8627 1040 or gordon@ahr.com.au and Dr Anne-Maree Boland on (03) 9882 2670 or anne-mareeb@ rmcg.com.au.

Soil biology and cover crops: Take a closer look beneath the surface

Soil biology is a complex, dynamic and broad field. A recent webinar recording from the Soil Wealth ICP team delves into the impact of cover crops on soil biology using DNA sequencing technology. This process provides information on soil bacteria, fungi and eukaryote communities to see what changes occur in vegetable soils following cover crops. Join Dr Kelvin Montagu from the Soil Wealth ICP team and microbial ecologist Dr Shane Powell from the University of Tasmania as they consider the questions: • How diverse are biological communities in vegetable soils? • Do cover crops impact microbial communities? • How do soil properties and management impact the microbial community? • What impact do biofumigants have on the soil microbial community? You can also find out what has been learnt from four sites that have been studied across Queensland to Tasmania. To watch the webinar recording, visit www.soilwealth.com.au/

resources/webinar-recordings/ cover-crops-and-soil-biology-invegetable-soils

This project has been funded by Hort Innovation using the vegetable research and development levy and contributions from the Australian Government.

Project Number: VG16078

For more information on the fund and strategic levy investment visit horticulture.com.au