Urban Food Hub - Thesis 2018 by Vipanchi Handa

URBAN FOOD

HUB

A SOCIAL SPACE FOR GASTRONOMICAL ENGAGEMENT IN DELHI

VIPANCHI HANDA

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS 2018

URBAN FOOD HUB, INA DELHI Introduction

A/2549/2013

When people experience a city, it is the food and the architecture of that place that most often have the largest cultural impact. The structure of modern cities suppresses our social interaction and experience with our built environment and our food respectively. The thesis thereby aims to tackle this social issue through an architectural intervention

Thesis Proposition Taking queue from the already existing ‘Food’ ties of INA, a Food Hub is proposed in order to provide a platform of opportunities for meaningful social and culinary engagement in an effort to give a stronger connection to the city’s food and a greater sense of place.

Site selection and Reading of the site This project is part of the INA redevelopment. The current redevelopment project comprises of the area covering four markets including INA Market. Together they form roughly 5 acres of Prime land located on the Aurobindo Marg. The INA market is currently a Non-hierarchy Commercial Centre catering to a large catchment spreading through South Delhi upto Gurgoan on the South and CP towards the North.

STRENGTH

Research Outcome(s)

Inferences – Case Studies

1. Food Markets and Marketplace as center of cultural,economic activity

1. High permeability ensured from all sides in Planning and axes from the main road lead pedestrians into central open space

2. Food hubs have been markets selling various produce since early ages. They have the potential to form great civic centres 3. Good public must have good linkages,a variety of activities, a chance to improve sociability and comfort.

2 Massing of retail,food and other highly public activities kept low rise going maximum upto 3 floors however the functions such as office spaces usually form the higher volume.

Studio Directors: Prof.(Dr.) Aruna Ramani Grover & Prof. (Dr.) Jaya Kumar

VIPANCHI HANDA

WEAKNESS

OPPORTUNITY

THREAT

Prime Location Large Frontage towards Rich connect amongst Increased Traffic + Urban Level Aurobindo Marg= Noise the locals and city from Barapullah pollution Connect Construction level visitors, Very strong spatial Divisions of markets, Street Frontage is character lack of unity of type and high= better retail category of goods sold frontage. High pedestrian activity Stong ties in terms Struggle to create New typology i.e. a Food Hub will be a of memory with Del- something unique good addition hi

Lack of integration of all four markets The multiple agencies within the Marketplace-Upkeep issue

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Design Development

Concepts and Strategies 1. To Foster Strong Pedestrian Connections Taking movement lines as a guide to design and reinforce connection with surroundings. 2. Volumes and Massing The volumes will be respectful towards the low rise colonies near the site. Low volumes near the public nodes and main road in order to read better at human scale. 3. Public Features Congregation spaces like Plaza and spine through site to contain visual markers. 4. Visual Connectivity to Public Realm All functions to be visually visible from the main Public realm (Spine) to create a feeling of a community â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Hubâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

The starting point of the design was to establish a strong movement pattern and urban connect with the existing transport nodes,context. The design further developed along these movement lines.

Movement

Square

Technology drivers

1. Hollow columns as a way to manage water and waste 2. Composting of Waste through ER composters on Site 3. Green walls and Roof for better insulation and part of concept Components of Area Program 1. Retail 2. F& B 3. Gastro- Gallery 4. Incubation Kitchens 5. Culinary School 6. Budget Hotel 7. Service Apartments 8. Organic Farming

These components are all related to different dimensions of food. As parts from a whole, these functions together will create an active Food Hub. Guides : Prof.(Dr.) Amit Hajela Ar. Deepak Taneja

Ar. Amit Kumar Sarma

URBAN FOOD HUB, INA DELHI 4

DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS 2018

URBAN FOOD HUB, INA DELHI

Sections through Spine Section AA’- The housing and hotel block. The roof of the hotel block is utilised as a green terrace for the residential area. Section BB’Lateral section through spine. All corridors of upper floor look into the spine hence creating visual connect between all pedestrians. Section CC’Longitudinal section through spine showing all the activities of the informal bazaar.

Ground Floor Plan

Plan showing the main pedestrian axis. The hierarchy of spaces is visible through the sizes of courts and path widths. All vehicular movement is below grade leaving way for pedestrians. Studio Directors: Prof.(Dr.) Aruna Ramani Grover & Prof. (Dr.) Jaya Kumar

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

1:200 Detailed Physical Model

1:500 Physical Model Guides : Prof.(Dr.) Amit Hajela Ar. Deepak Taneja

Ar. Amit Kumar Sarma

URBAN FOOD HUB, INA DELHI 6

DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS 2018

उरबन फू ड हब, आई.एन.ए. दिल् ल ी परिचय

A/2549/2013

जब लोग एक शहर का अनुभव करते हैं, तो वह उस जगह का भोजन और वास्तुकला है जो अक्सर सबसे बड़ा सांस्कृतिक प्रभाव पड़ता है। आधुनिक शहरों की संरचना क्रमशः हमारे निर्मित पर्यावरण और हमारे भोजन के साथ हमारे सामाजिक संपर्क और अनुभव को दबा देती है। थीसिस इस उद्देश्य से एक सामाजिक हस्तक्षेप के माध्यम से इस सामाजिक मुद्दे से निपटने का लक्ष्य रखता है ।

थीसिस प्रस्ताव आई-एन-ए के पहले से मौजूद ‘खाद्य’ संबंधों से कतार लेते हुए, एक खाद्य हब प्रस्तावित सामाजिक और पाक सगाई के अवसरों का एक मंच प्रदान करने के लिए प्रस्तावित किया गया है ताकि शहर के भोजन के साथ मजबूत संबंध और जगह की अधिक समझ हो सके। ।

साइट अध्ययन यह परियोजना आईएनए पुनर्विकास का हिस्सा है। वर्तमान पुनर्विकास परियोजना में आईएनए मार्केट समेत चार बाजारों को शामिल करने वाले क्षेत्र शामिल हैं। साथ में वे Aurobindo मार्ग पर स्थित लगभग 5 एकड़ प्राइम भूमि बनाते हैं। आईएनए बाजार वर्तमान में एक गैरपदानुक्रम वाणिज्यिक केंद्र है जो दक्षिण दिल्ली के माध्यम से दक्षिण में गुरगांव तक और उत्तर की ओर सीपी तक फैली बड़ी पकड़ के लिए खानपान करता है।

शक्ति

अनुसंधान परिणाम

सम्मेलन - केस स्टडीज

1. सांस्कृतिक, आर्थिक गतिविधि के केंद्र के रूप में खाद्य बाजार और बाज़ार

1. मुख्य सड़क लीड पैदल चलने वालों से केंद्रीय खुली जगह में योजना और अक्ष में सभी तरफ से उच्च पारगम्यता सुनिश्चित की गई

2. शुरुआती उम्र के बाद से खाद्य केंद्र विभिन्न उपज बेच रहे हैं। उनके पास महान नागरिक केंद्र बनाने की क्षमता है 3. अच्छे लोगों के पास अच्छे संबंध होना चाहिए, विभिन्न प्रकार की गतिविधियां, सामाजिकता और आराम में सुधार करने का मौका होना चाहिए।

2 खुदरा, भोजन और अन्य अत्यधिक सार्वजनिक गतिविधियों की मालिश में 3 मंजिल तक अधिकतम वृद्धि हुई है, हालांकि कार्यालय की जगहों जैसे कार्यों में आमतौर पर उच्च मात्रा होती है।

Studio Directors: Prof.(Dr.) Aruna Ramani Grover & Prof. (Dr.) Jaya Kumar

VIPANCHI HANDA

अवसर

दुर्बलता

समस्या

Aurobindo मार्ग = शोर प्रदूषण की स्थानीय और शहर के स्तर के प्राइम लोकेशन + शहरी स्तर ओर बड़े मोर्चा बारापुल्ला निर्माण से बढ़ी आगंतुकों के बीच रिच कनेक्ट कनेक्ट यातायात बहुत मजबूत स्थानिक चरित्र

दिल्ली के साथ स्मृति के मामले में मजबूत संबंध

बाजारों के डिवीजन, प्रकार की एकता स्ट्रीट फ्रंटेज उच्च = बेहतर की कमी और बेची गई वस्तुओं की खुदरा फ्रंटेज है। उच्च पैदल यात्री सभी चार बाजारों के एकीकरण श्रेणी गतिविधि की कमी कुछ अद्वितीय बनाने के लिए संघर्ष

नई टाइपोग्राफी यानी एक खाद्य बाज़ार-रखरखाव के मुद्दे के भीतर कई एजेंसियां हब एक अच्छा जोड़ा होगा

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

अवधारणाओं और रणनीतियां

अभिकल्प विकास

1. मजबूत पैदल यात्री कनेक्शन को बढ़ावा देने के लिए आसपास के वातावरण के साथ डिजाइन और मजबूती के लिए एक गाइड के रूप में आंदोलन लाइनों लेना। 2. वॉल्यूम और मालिश वॉल्यूम साइट के पास कम वृद्धि कॉलोनियों के प्रति सम्मानजनक होगा। मानव पैमाने पर बेहतर पढ़ने के लिए सार्वजनिक नोड्स और मुख्य सड़क के पास कम मात्रा। 3. सार्वजनिक विशेषताएं दृश्य मार्कर रखने के लिए साइट के माध्यम से प्लाजा और रीढ़ की हड्डी जैसे मंडली स्थान। 4. सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र के लिए दृश्य कनेक्टिविटी एक समुदाय ‘हब’ की भावना पैदा करने के लिए सभी कार्यों को मुख्य सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र (रीढ़) से दृश्यमान रूप से दिखाई देना चाहिए।

डिजाइन का प्रारंभिक बिंदु मौजूदा परिवहन नोड्स, संदर्भ के साथ एक मजबूत आंदोलन पैटर्न और शहरी कनेक्ट स्थापित करना था। डिजाइन इन आंदोलन लाइनों के साथ आगे विकसित किया गया।

चाल

चौक

प्रौद्योगिकी चालक

1. पानी और अपशिष्ट का प्रबंधन करने के लिए खोखले कॉलम 2. साइट पर ईआर कंपोस्टर्स के माध्यम से अपशिष्ट का कंपोस्टिंग 3. बेहतर इन्सुलेशन और अवधारणा के हिस्से के लिए हरी दीवारों और छत क्षेत्र कार्यक्रम के घटक 1. खुदरा 2. एफ एंड बी 3. गैस्ट्रो-गैलरी 4. ऊष्मायन रसोई 5. पाक विद्यालय 6. बजट होटल 7. सेवा अपार्टमेंट 8. कार्बनिक खेती

ये घटक सभी भोजन के विभिन्न आयामों से संबंधित हैं। पूरी तरह से हिस्सों के रूप में, ये कार्य एक साथ सक्रिय खाद्य केंद्र बनाएंगे। Guides : Prof.(Dr.) Amit Hajela Ar. Deepak Taneja

Ar. Amit Kumar Sarma

URBAN FOOD HUB, INA DELHI 8

DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

DECLARATION BY CANDIDATE The research and studio work embodied in this thesis titled Urban Food Hub ,Delhi has been carried out by the undersigned as a part of the year 5 (2017-2018) semester 10 design studio of the Undergraduate program in the Department of Architecture,School of Planning and Architecture,New Delhi,India under the supervision of thesis guides Dr. Prof. Amit Hajela and Ar. Deepak Taneja and studio coordinator Dr. Prof Jaya Kumar . The undersigned hereby declares that this is her original work and has not been plagiarized in part or full form from any source and that this work has not been submitted for any degree in this or any other university.

____A/2549/2013 ______(Candidateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Roll.No.) ____SECTION B________(Candidateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Name)

CERTIFICATE BY THESIS GUIDES

We certify that the thesis titled Urban Food Hub ,Delhi by Vipanchi Handa roll no A/2549/2013 was guided by us in January-May 2018 and placed in front of the Jury by the candidate on 24-25th May 2017. On completion of the report in all respects including the last chapter by the candidate and based on the declaration by the Candidate mentioned above.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my foremost gratitude to my guides- Prof.(Dr.) Amit Hajela and Ar. Deepak Taneja,for their consistent guidance and support and for channelizing my thoughts in the right direction. I am grateful to my research guide Mr. Amit Kumar Sarma for his valuable,timely inputs which added the edge in my work. My acknowledgment also augments to the resourceful help and guidance provided by Mr Kush Sethi and Ar. Sandip Kumar. I am thankful to our studio director Prof. Dr Jaya Kumar for her supervision throughout the semester. Insight and critiques by my friends and seniors (Salman Haider, Shabeeb Bilgrami, Harkunwar Singh, Karan Singh)offered a fresh perspective and for that I am grateful. I am also grateful to my juniors ( Abhinav Sujit, Utkarsh Verma,Abhinav Bansal, Swapnil,Venkatesh, Nandita,Ashwini,Abhishek,Raghav) for their rigorous efforts,sincerity and patience in helping me complete my project. My deepest gratitude goes to my parents for their bolstering support and warmth.

SYNOPSIS Food has been the mainstay of human interaction and defines who we are and where we come from. Keeping in mind the disconnect that has developed towards our social relationship with food as a result of urbanization, the thesis aims to propose a Socio-cultural Hub centered around food. A unique mix of food related activities is to be explored such as incubation kitchens, Culinary Schools, Restaurants, Wet Food Markets, Informal Farmers’ markets, Gastro Gallery etc . This mix is proposed in an effort to rekindle the awareness of a city dweller towards food in its diverse aspects. The Food Hub is proposed at INA,Delhi as part of the redevelopment proposal. The goal is to give a new identity to the site in an effort to make it a social Hub for all types of Culinary/ Gastronomical engagements. Rather than simply being a Local Market popular for Fresh Produce and Grocery Items, INA is proposed to be transformed into a city level destination for Food. Further the relationship between architecture, food,retail and place is to be explored. This Food hub will not be just a celebration of cuisines or Delhi Food but hopes to sensitize people about healthy eating habits through various informal events and workshops. The Temporal and fixed programming will both help to create an identity of a food hub. The core research looks into the relationship of Food with the city, creation of exuberant public spaces and the various typologies of Food and Public markets explored over time. The design directives try to create good linkages at an urban scale along with multi-level Public realms to foster intangible qualities such as sociability. Urban architecture that provides a variety of opportunities for meaningful social and culinary engagement will result in a stronger connection to the city’s food and a greater sense of place. The design rather than creating the so called ‘Mall’ like spaces seen, aim to form more inclusive street spaces like Bazaars and Public Marketplaces. Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 1.1 Research Question _______________________________5 1.2 Proposition _________________________________6-7 1.3 Selected Site and Design Project____________________8 CHAPTER 2 2.1 Areas of Research ______________________________9-17 2.2 Case Studies and Case Examples__________________19-36

CHAPTER 5 5.1 Structural Systems _______________________________59-63 5.2 Green Technologies for Water,sanitation, energy and cooling ________________________________63-70 5.3 Technological Interventions_______________________70-75 CHAPTER 6 6.1 SWAT Analysis _________________________________78 6.2 Design Determinants ___________________________79-82

CHAPTER 3 3.1 Project Scoe___________________________________38 3.2 Area Program__________________________________38-42 3.3 Relationship Diagrams __________________________42-43 CHAPTER 4 4.1 City,Precinct study______________________________46-47 4.2 Existing Markets _______________________________48-51 4.3 Connectivity__________________________________52 4.4 Edge Conditions ______________________________53-56 4.5 Urban Analysis ________________________________57-58

CHAPTER 7 7.1 Learning - concept (Public Space)__________________86 7.2 Public Space Concept____________________________87 7.3Conceptual Sections ____________________________88 CHAPTER 8 8.1 Design Developments____________________________90-92

CHAPTER 9 9.1 Plans+ Concept ________________________________94-107 9.2 Sections + Elevations _____________ _______________108-113 9.3 Concept-Informal Street__________ ________________114 9.4 Physical model Photos____________________________115-116 9.5 Jury comments__________________________________117

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

LIST OF TABLES/FIGURES Fig 1 Food Hub Meaning Fig 2 Research Framework Fig 3 Pioneer Courthouse Square,Portland,OR Fig 4 Luxembourg Gardens,Paris,FR Fig 5 Kungstadgarden, Stokholm, Sweden Fig 6 What makes a good public Space? Fig 7 Benefits of Public Markets Fig 8 Synergy increases Inclusivity and Placemaking Fig 9 Open Air Market Fig 10 Street Fig 11 Public Building Enclosed MarketMarket Typology Fig 12 Market Shed Fig 13 Enclosed Market House(MALL) Fig 14 Palazzo Della Ragrone in Padua Fig 15 Food Markets in Ancient Greece Fig 16 Unkept frontage towards Aurobindo Marg Fig 17 Defunct SuperBazaar Fig 18 redevelopment projects arond INA Fig 19 Galleria Market Fig 20 Food Port Fig 21 City Centre Fig 22 Central Market,Abu Dhabi Fig 23 Municipal Market,Goa Fig 24 Sony Centre Fig 25 Google Map Fig 26 Plan 1 Fig 27 Render of Central Market Fig 28 Plan Ground Fig 29 Render of Central Market Fig 30 Upper Floor Fig 31 Section Fig 32 Model Photo 2

Fig 33 Sectional Model Fig 34 Site context Fig 35 Berlin Map Fig 36 Berlin Context Fig 37 Site plan Fig 38 Section Fig 39 ELevation Fig 40 Food Port Concept 1 Fig 41 Food Port Concept 2 Fig 42 Servicing and Public Circulation Fig 43 Zoning at Nodes Fig 44 Ground Floor Plan Fig 45 Open Space Fig 46 Site Plan of the Food Port with the Context Fig 47 Space for Informal Markets Fig 48 Space for food trucks Fig 49 SIte context Fig 50 Built open Fig 51 Section Fig 52 Photo Walkway Fig 53 Photo Exterior Fig 54 Connections to context Fig 55 Market Stalls (Plan) Fig 56 Main Section through Markthal Fig 57 Volumetric Zoning Fig 58 Residential Floor (Plan) Fig 59 Exterior Views of Building Fig 60 Market Plan Fig 61 Market Section Fig 62 Land use around site Fig 63 Built open and circulation Fig 64 Site with respect to City Fig 65 Elevation of Galleria

LIST OF TABLES/FIGURES Fig 66 Site Fig 67 Current Program Fig 68 Food and Program Relation Fig 69 TOD Commercial Site Fig 70 Relationship between Functions Fig 71 Vertical Zoning Fig 72 Functional Zoning Fig 73 Site in larger context Fig 74 Site Fig 75 Vegetable and Fruit Shop Fig 76 Snacks and grocery Shop Fig 77 Poultry and Fish lane Fig 78 Garments Shop Fig 79 INA Market Fig 80 Layout of Market Fig 81 Combining Units Fig 82 Sectn- Garment shop Fig 83 Volume/unit Fig 84 Sketch of Market Fig 85 Learnings from INA Fig 86 Kashmiri Market Fig 87 Fig 87 Shaded retail street Fig 88 NMT as preferred mode of transport Fig 89 Panorama view of Market from its center (7 am ) Fig 90 Mohan SIngh Market Fig 91 Pedestrian Plaza steps down Fig 92 The edge between INA & Mohan Market Fig 93 Colonnaded entry to shops Fig 94 Connections Fig 95 Hourly traffic through the week Fig 96 Notes,Types of Visitors to the market and purpose

Fig 97 Notes, Various axis and connections Fig 98 Landuse Fig 99 Porosity Meaning Fig 100 Garbage Trucks Fig 101 East Kidwai Fig 102 Bus Stop Fig 103 Service lane Fig 104 Inside INA colony -Garbage Dump Fig 105 Inside INA colony- Closed Connection Fig 106 INA Market Back lane for Prep/storage and servicing Fig 107 Informal Houses along NCRDC Office Boundary Wall Fig 108 Traffic Fig 109 Cb Marg Fig 110 Section Fig 111 Pedestrians on CB marg Fig 112 Connections Fig 113 Metro Line Fig 114 At the Bus Stop Fig 115 Mapping Major Markets of South Delhi within a half an hour distance Fig 116 Shadow Analysis Fig 117 Sun Path Diagram Fig 118 Ecotect Analysis Fig 119 Ecotect Analysis- Kashmiri Market Fig 120 Dye Sensitised Cells FIg 121 Green roof Fig 122 Green Wall Fig 123 Green Roof Fig 124 Terrace with Solar Panels Fig 125 Solar Panel Installation Fig 126 Rainfall in Delhi Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

LIST OF TABLES/FIGURES Fig 127 Rainfall collection on Roof Fig 128 ER Composting Machine Fig 129 Waste Treatment Process Fig 130 Chattrapati Shivaji Airport Structure Fig 131 Hole-Deck Structure Fig 132 Waffle Structure Dimensions Fig 133 Hollow Columns in Shading Device Fig 134 : Movement Fig135: Metro Station Figure 136: Pedestrian Movement Figure 137 : Visual axis Figure 138 : Volumes Figure 139: Existing Figure 140 : The question of identity Figure 141 : Retail along Path Figure 142 : Visual Connect Figure 143 : Halts - Trees Figure 144 : Nodes Figure 145 Breathing Spaces Figure 146 Programming Mix Figure 147 Open Temporal Market Figure 148 Creating Porous Open Markets Figure 149 Zoning of Markets along Spine Figure 150 Gastro Gallery and Vertical Green as Public Realm Figure 151 Conceptual Spine Section 1 Figure 152 Conceptual Spine Section 2 Figure 153 Conceptual Spine Section 3 Fig 154 Concept Massing 1 Fig 155 Concept Massing 1 plan Fig 156 Concept Massing 2 Fig 157 Concept Massing 3 Fig 158 Concept Massing 4 Fig 159 Concept Massing 4

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AHU - Air Handling Unit DTC – Delhi Transportation Corporation DMRC – Delhi Metro Rail Corporation ECS - Equivalent Car Space FCU - Fan Coil Unit KM - Kilometer M - Meter SQM - Square Meter NDMC – New Delhi Municipal Corporation INA- Indian National Army Market

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

PART I DESIGN INVESTIGATION

CHAPTER 1 RESEARCH QUESTION

How can Architecture help foster a stronger connection between the city and its food? How can Public Food markets be transformed into social community hubs in the current context of Delhi through redevelopment?

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

INTRODUCTION- THE ISSUE AND THE QUESTION Food has always had the largest cultural impact. India having been a Agro based economy, the lives of entire generations have revolved around growing,preparing and eating of food. However with the current paradigm shift in our cultures as well as major shift to the urban lifestyle- We have lost the connect with what we eat. When people experience a city, it is the food and the architecture of that place that most often have the largest cultural impact. The structure of modern cities(in this case South Delhi), as well as our contemporary food system, suppresses our sense of engagement, social interaction, ownership of, and experience with our built environment and our food respectively. The thesis thereby aims to tackle this social issue through an architectural intervention. Can we create spaces which can render a stronger connection between an average person to the food and drive home a message of healthy eating and living? Secondly at what scale and where might this intervention deem most impactful?

INTENT The thesis aims to create a Social Food hub at INA,Delhi.

VISION -To create a permeable urban space that is versatile and inclusive in nature -A space to incubate small food businesses and cultivate both culinary and cultural happenings -To operate not just as a space for everyday urban life but also have a temporal programming to accommodate special events or festivals -Augment an experience centered on food

1.2 PROPOSITION AND CORE OF RESEARCH Keeping in mind the disconnect that has developed towards our social relationship with food as a result of urbanization, the thesis aims to propose a Socio-cultural Hub centered around food. A unique mix of food related activities is to be explored such as incubation kitchens, Culinary Schools, Restaurants, Wet Food Markets, Informal Farmers’ markets, Gastro Gallery etc . This mix is proposed in an effort to rekindle the awareness of a city dweller towards food in its diverse aspects. Urban architecture that provides a variety of opportunities for meaningful social and culinary engagement will result in a stronger connection to the city’s food and a greater sense of place. Further the relationship between architecture, food,retail and place is to be explored. This Food hub will not be just a celebration of cuisines or Delhi Food but hopes to sensitize people about healthy eating habits through various informal events and workshops. The Temporal and fixed programming will both help to create an identity of Fig 1 Source : www.pps.org a food hub. The core research looks into the relationship of Food with the city, creation of exuberant public spaces and the various typologies of Food and Public markets explored over time.

DEFINING A FOOD HUB A Food Hub is a one stop shop destination for everything related to Food. It is important to understand that it is not a place which just deals with the food as a end product but its entire life cycle. The aim of a food hub is as follows1. To spread knowledge about food growing and related activities 2. To act as a one stop shop to buy/ eat food. 3. To provide a holistic and inclusive space for the same. 4. To promote Informal events and activities such as Farmers’ Market in order to connect the end user with the producer

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

SELECTED SITE AND DESIGN PROJECT INA Market has been chosen in Delhi as the site for this project because of two reasons, firstly it is visually and physically well connected to the city making it easy to facilitate a change in the people and the second reason was because of its pre-existing relationship of ‘Food Bazaar’ it shares with the city. A cultural change pertaining to Food hence,best seems to be brought out from a place like this. This project is proposing an architecture that provides a place in the city for people to take part in Delhi’s multi-faceted food culture, and engage in the kind of dynamic urban life, which the current scheme of developments is not letting way for.

NEED INA market was designed to serve the needs of the neighboring residential colonies. It was essentially a vegetable,fruit and flower market. However, with the changing urban landscape as well as cultural,social landscape it has continued to evolve. Despite, this it has continued to retain the image of ‘Food Bazaar’ at the city level. With the number of people increasing and the fact that it lies at a very central point at City Scale it is important to re-interpret it and build it to suit to current needs.

CHAPTER 2 AREA OF RESEARCH CASE STUDIES

This chapter will define and elaborate the areas of research. The three main parts are the approach towards the current buildings, the concern or method of building and the volumes and functionality of the spaces within. These various parts will further be understood with the help of secondary case studies.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Concerns

Public Spaces Placemaking Food+ Culture+ Society

Research Framework

Types of Spaces

Food Markets /Food hub Public Markets

Approach

Re-development

Fig 2 Research Framework Source :Author 12

WHAT ARE GOOD PUBLIC SPACES? Great public spaces are those places where celebrations are held, social and economic exchanges occur, friends run into each other, and cultures mix. They are the “front porches” of our public institutions – libraries, field houses, schools – where we interact with each other and government. When theses spaces work well, they serve as the stage for our public lives. ACCESS & LINKAGES A successful public space is easy to get to and get through; it is visible both from a distance and up close. The edges of a space are important as well: For instance, a row of shops along a street is more interesting and generally safer to walk by than a blank wall or empty lot. Accessible spaces have a high parking turnover and, ideally, are convenient to public transit.

Fig 3 Pioneer Courthouse Square,Portland,OR Source : www.pps.org

COMFORT & IMAGE Whether a space is comfortable and presents itself well - has a good image - is key to its success. Comfort includes perceptions about safety, cleanliness, and the availability of places to sit - the importance of giving people the choice to sit where they want is generally underestimated. USES & ACTIVITIES Activities are the basic building blocks of a place. Having something to do gives people a reason to come to a place - and return. When there is nothing to do, a space will be empty and that generally means that something is wrong. SOCIABILITY (through Triangulation) “Triangulation is the process by which some external stimulus provides a linkage between people and prompts strangers to talk to other strangers as if they knew each other” (Holly Whyte). In a public space, the choice and arrangement of different elements in relation to each other can put the triangulation process in motion (or not)

Fig 4 Luxembourg Gardens,Paris,FR Source : www.pps.org

Fig 5 Kungstadgarden, Stokholm, Sweden Source : www.pps.org Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Fig 6 What makes a good public Space? Source : www.pps.org 14

PLACE-MAKING THROUGH FOOD CULTURAL RELATIONSHIP WITH FOOD

AND

To understand the process of place making through food, one must first understand the phenomenon of place making in the first place. More than a physical space that connects other spaces, an open space also plays an important role in the tying up of intangibles on the site. It acts as an ethereal bridge that connects people across many differences. These differences may imposed not only by culture, tradition, geographical backgrounds etc. of the person, but also just by the usage of the spaces around the public space. To construct a working public space that eliminates these differences and eventually becomes an enjoyable transition from the public to the private realms, one needs to completely understand the different components of a public space. Place making is a quiet movement that re imagines public spaces in the heart of every community, in every city. It strengthens the connection between people and the places they share. (Project for Public Spaces) It enables the evolution of activities and connections in the public space that define the community. It instills a sense belonging in a community and ownership towards the public space. Put into practice, place-making seeks to build or improve public spaces, spark public discourse, create beauty and delight, engender civic pride, connect neighborhoods, support community health and safety, grow social justice, catalyze economic development, promote environmental sustainability and of course nurture and authentic “sense of place.” (Silberberg & Lorah, 2013) For a place making process to be successful, it needs to capitalize on the local community’s assets, resources. It needs to recognize their hopes and aspirations. The idea of place making originated from the trans formative ideas of visionaries like Jane Jacobs and William H. Whyte . They introduced the

concept of designing cities that catered to people by creating lively neighborhoods and instilling social life in public spaces. Emerging as a reaction to auto-centric planning and bad public spaces, the notion of place making now includes broader concerns about community capacity building, healthy lifestyle, economic revitalization and social justice. THE CHANGING CULTURAL FABRIC WITH RESPECT TO FOOD Food is indisputably one of the most important aspects of our everyday lives. Since the advent of the ‘cultural turn’ in the sixties of the last century, many taken-for-granted-aspects of culture have come to be questioned in academic discourses. Food is a wonderful example of this. While consumed on a daily basis, it is often considered as mere sustenance. The consumption of food is a common act, which, in spite of its importance for our survival, deceives us by its everydayness. This everydayness helps to underplay the manner in which food pervades all aspects of our lives from the most intimate to the most professional practices. It is also a key factor in how we view ourselves and others; it is at the center of social and political issues, and is one of the mainstays of popular media. As a topic of academic interest, food provides multiple points of entry. Food has been studied in history in order to look at its cultural, economic, and environmental impact. The more traditional field of culinary history focuses on the origin and recreation of specific recipes. Historians look at food as one of the most important elements of cultures, reflecting the social and economic structures of society. Archaeologists/prehistorians tried to explore this dimension by linking food with evolutionary perspectives and issues of migration/diffusion etc. As discussed earlier, consumption of food is both a material practice as well as a symbolic act. What people eat, how and with whom apart from what they feel about food and why are crucial markers of the relationship between the members of a society. Source: Damini Rathi,Thesis Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

HEALTHY HUBS: HOW MARKETS CREATE A NEW SENSE OF COMMUNITY Historically our towns and cities grew up around markets, which served as our original civic centers. However, With the onset of Malls,Supermarkets this was lost. But it resulted in creating poor public spaces. There is a need to therefore go back to creating Markets as centers of Community development. Some of the important of Public Markets are as follows-

Vibrant Markets Strengthen Local Identity

Markets Catalyze Neighborhood Development

Clustering of Market Activities - Community Hubs

MARKETS AS HEALTHY FOOD HUBS When food and agriculture play an important role in local culture, a market becomes an easier sell. But with many cities disconnected from the greater food systems that serve them, ancillary uses become important for longevity. “Great markets are created through the clustering of activity. They require the intentional aggregation of local food production, but also of other services and functions. The food is the central reason for why people gather, and that Fig 7 Benefits of Public Markets gathering creates a hub for community life.” Source : www.pps.org Since markets are centered on the sale of nutrient-rich, natural foods, one smart way to add value to these locations is to focus on creating “healthy food hubs,” which cluster health-related activities around markets to encourage visitors not just to eat more fruits and vegetables, but to take a more proactive approach to their own well-being. Some markets include things like health clinics, fitness classes, nutrition information, or classes that teach healthy living principles. MARKETS ARE HIGHLY INCLUSIVE The spin-off benefits of markets are numerous. But, perhaps most important is the way markets serve as public gathering places for people from different ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic communities. URBAN MARKET SYSTEMS OF 21st CE. Urban market systems in the 21st century can be vital centers of exchange connecting rural and urban environments and places that anchor local culture Fig 8 Synergy increases Inclusivity and Placemaking and social life for all residents. Source : www.pps.org 16

DEVELOPMENT OF FOOD MARKETS The role of the public market in the city was crucial in the way it contributed to the social and political lives of all city dwellers. Markets first appeared as “specifically appointed places of exchange” where people gathered for mutual benefit. Markets can be understood in the way that Foucault discusses heterotopias, “places that embrace every aspect of human existence simultaneously, that are capable of juxtaposing in a single space several aspects of life that are in themselves incompatible” In antiquity the official marketplace was located in the civic center and served as the site not only for trade and commerce but also for administrative, legislative, judicial, social, and religious activities. The central location was convenient for city dwellers as well as vendors bringing their goods by road or water. In many cases markets fostered the development of entire commercial districts. Market typologies have developed throughout history in order to provide an ordered trading environment and protection from the elements. 1. The open-air marketplace is the most universal market typology The open-air market is seen in many variations around the world. Islamic cities call the open air market the souk or bazaar and typically have a site with a mosque and an open space for the sale of fresh produce as well as streets lined with warehouses and shops selling goods.’

2. Street markets are similar to the open-air marketplace except have a linear expansion. These elongated marketplaces usually are located on publicly owned land and are easy to expand because they are not constrained by permanent structures.

3. Markets in public buildings is a form typically characterized by a single building with a government hall above and open arcade on the ground floor where the market took place.

Fig 9 Open Air Market Source:www.cdm.org

Fig 10 Street Market Typology Source:www.thecroydoncitizen.com

4. Market sheds is the most common type of covered market and is usually rectilinear and supported by piers, posts, or columns, which allows for it to be open on one or more sides. 5.The enclosed market house typology arose in the late 1800s as cities replaced their open market sheds with fully enclosed market buildings. Cast iron developments allowed the structures to be large covered spaces with an open plan free of supports.

Fig 11 Public Building Enclosed Market Source: Smithsonion Magazine

Fig 12 Market Shed Source: Pinterest

Fig 13 Enclosed Market House(MALL) Source: Simon Property Group Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Tracing the buying and selling of food in the marketplace illustrates the shift from public to private that has occurred over history. With that shift we lost a very important part of the buying and selling of food, the interaction between people, space, and food in the public realm. The Athenian Agora and the Roman Forum, the two most famous public spaces, were both originally food markets. But as the cities grew they moved from commercial space to political space. It was in these spaces where the public life of the city took place resulting in a mix of food, politics, and philosophy.

Fig 14 Palazzo Della Ragrone in Padua, Sorce: www.madeinPadova.com

In Paris. Les HaIles Market was the food hub of the city. In 1180 the food hub was like a city within a city with different sections selling different types of produce. Palazzo Della Ragrone in Padua, Italy is a thirteenth century example of the relationship of food and politics, which remains today. Here the Palazzo houses the council chamber on the upper floors and on the ground floor is an arcade of shops. Hall and market represent the perfect reflection of urban hierarchy where politics is supported by commerce and there is a mutual dependence on one another.

Fig 15 Food Markets in Ancient Greece Sorce: www.ancient.eu

REDEVELOPMENT OF SITE AGENCIES IN-CHARGE

When redeveloping a significant area in the city, it is important to respond to the original building. There are two ways to go about it, one to completely nullify and ignore the current built space. The other method is to take essence of the original building in terms of its volume, functionality, etc.

INA Union- Basic upkeep, Work like tiling, cleaning is commissioned by them. SDMC is in charge of House tax collection. In case of expansion of a shop to the first floor or basement, extra money has to be paid to SDMC.

CURRENT ISSUES AND REQUIREMENTS Issues 1. Lack of Parking spaces causing congestion towards the outer road edge 2. In the Poultry and sea food rows of shops all the waste water from these shops flows on the main street. Fig 16 Unkept frontage towards Aurobindo Marg 3. Services are not managed properly Source : Author causing it to be a fire hazard in case of fire. 4. Illegal occupancy Aspirations 1. All shops in case of redevelopment must be on ground floor and equal space and positioning be provided for all. 2. The units must be flexible in order to permit flexibility in growth options 3. Shopkeepers aspire to transform themselves as per need of market. A current vegetable seller wants to a have the option of expanding or starting a new trade in the same market. Source: INA Welfare Union,Interview by Author

NDMC maintains the parking of INA market. L& DO- the land development authority is in charge of the developments taking place in the precinct. Source: INA Welfare Union,Interview by Author

Naoroji Nagar

Laxmi Bai Nagar

East Kidwai Nagar

Fig 17 Defunct SuperBazaar Area Source : Author

Fig 18 redevelopment projects arond INA Source : Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

2.1 CASE STUDIES The following case studies have been selected 1. Central Market,Abu Dhabi 2. Sony Centre,Berlin 3. Food Port 4. City Centre,Kolkata

Fig 19 Source: Hafeez Contractor

Fig 20 Source: Archdaily

Fig 21 Source: CCF

Fig 22 Source: Archdaily

Fig 23 Source: Damini Rathi,Thesis

Fig 24 Source: Archdaily

Case Examples 1. Municipal Market,Goa 2. Markthal 3. Galleria Market,Gurgoan

SELECTION CRITERIA

The case studies were chosen to understand these broad subcategories 1. Planning and Zoning 2. Programmatic Mixes and Areas 3. Spatial responses 4. Functioning Study Scope

Central Sony CenMarket,Abu tre Berlin Dhabi

Food Port

City Centre ,Kolkata

Municipal Markthal,Rotterdam Market,Goa

Galleria Market,Gurgoan

Planning and Zoning Programmatic Mix & Area Spatial Response Functions + zones Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Aldar Central Market,Abu Dhabi Project Details INTRODUCTION Abu Dhabi’s historic Central Market is to be transformed into a dynamic new quarter with markets, shops, offices, apartments and hotels. One of the oldest sites in the city, Central Market will be a reinterpretation of the traditional market place and a new civic heart for Abu Dhabi. FEATURES The project comprises a combination of lower-rise, ecologically sensitive levels of retail, roof gardens - forming a new public park - and three towers, with generous underground parking. Pushed to the corners of the site to maximise the ground plane, the cluster of towers creates a striking new urban landmark.

three iconic towers. Total developed site area: 6.89 L sq m • Site area 9.6 acre • Commercial Retail Space 25,000 sqm (100 Shops) • Office Towers • Residentialvv • Retail & Restaurants / Cafés •Height of Tower 378 M • Underground parking lots 1600 Built : Open 70 % : 30 %

Fig 25 Source: Snazzymaps

City block A

City block B Tower A

CONCEPT The Central Market is one of the oldest areas in Abu Dhabi. Foster and Partners wanted to respect that, by making a shopping complex that does not evoke the commercial banality of the shopping mall. Instead, the Aldar Central Market is a grid like new landmark, comprised of intimate balconies, alleyways and courtyards and topped with 22

Tower B Servicing Servicing

Fig 26 Source: Archdaily

Observations

To Basement

Central Plaza

1. A Grid Iron layout has been used, this is similar to the streets of Bazaars 2. Strong axes that cut through in order to ensure permeability of form at human scale 3. A Core is easily locatable as it forms a node within the grid layout. Inferences

Main Core

Service Core Fig 27 Source: Foster and Partners

Connections on Ground Floor and Public Realm The Building looks both inwards as well as outwards. An active Street Edge is created with shops lined towards the outside pedestrian edge of the Main arterial Roads. The axes form punctures in the buildings,and the pedestrian is led naturally inside the building.

Service Area

1. Strong Axes create a good movement at a human scale. 2. Presence of Nodes in the form of Plazas become relief spaces in a street like arrangement of Bazaars 3. Sense of Permeability is important for a public Space in an Urban context

Fig 28 Source: Archdaily Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Observations 1. Terrace spaces used as Public Spaces and Parks 2. Compact spaces to reduce heat gain 3. Glass panels are used to mark the axes 4. Terraced Massing to create a sense of continuity Pergolas to provide shade

Vegetation to create A micro-climate

Glass Panels along central Axes to let in light

Fig 29 Source: Foster and Partners

Creating Usable Leisure Spaces on Terraces Not only reduces heat gain from roof but also gives an active Public Space. Fig 30 Source: Archdaily,Author 24

Cupolas, traditional architectural element found in Souks

Inferences 1. The terrace spaces have also been subdivided into smaller spaces. There is a constant effort to reduce scale of spaces, this makes a space more habitable,specially for arid climates.

Fig 31 Source: Archdaily,Author

SPACES Unlike a commercial mall, the public spaces are meant for visitors to utilize as they would a park- to relax, read, enjoy the sun, socialize- not just a place to rest tired feet from marathon shopping. The building, which occupies two city blocks, has incredible sliding walls and roofs, which cut energy costs by promoting as much natural ventilation and light as possible.

Fig 32 Source: Archdaily,Author

Fig 33 Source: Archdaily,Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Sony Centre,Berlin Project Details INTRODUCTION Located in the center of Berlin at Potsdamer Platz, the Sony Center is a lively urban ensemble of 7 buildings. The site, which covers approximately 26.000sqm, provides space for a combination of living, working, retail and entertainment since its opening in January 2000.

FEATURES The development houses Sony’s new European Headquarters and 3 other office towers that have been let to other companies. Further buildings cater for over 200 apartments, restaurants and cafés, shopping facilities and an Entertainment Center with an IMEX 3-D and Multiplex cinema.

in which each year celebrates the Festival “Berlinale”, restaurants, a museum of fine arts and of course the European headquarters of the firm Sony. Total developed site area: 132.500 sqm • Site area 26.400 sqm • Sony European Headquarters 20.000 sqm • Office Towers 48.000 sqm • Apartments 18.200 sqm • Filmhouse 17.500 sqm • Entertainment Center 17.000 sqm • Retail & Restaurants / Cafés 8.100 sqm • Underground parking lots 890 Footfall- 35,000 per day

Fig 34 ,Source: Author

PLANNING Surrounding Sony Center are the traditional urban streets and spaces.

CONNECTIVITY

CONCEPT In the reconstruction of Berlin, Sony Center stands for a new technical vision and order. It is not a building, but a part of the city. External is the “real” city; internal is the “virtual” city. The Passages and Gates reinforce this transition from the real to the virtual world. The complex is composed of seven individual buildings with walls shaped like a corrugated iron in the form of interwoven sections and surfaces. In the interior of the building are shared offices, departments, major cinemas 26

Well connected to the Airport, Train, Subway and Bus. Walkable distance from Public Transport. Mostly Postdamer Platz is Pedestrainized.

Fig 35, Source: http://sujeng.com/

Fig 36 Source: http://sujeng.com/

Spaces Forum

A striking element of this complex is the oval shaped public space that develops in the center of it, the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Forumâ&#x20AC;? or atrium. As public space, it communicates with the surrounding streets through walkways leading to the square occupied by cafes and restaurants, including its famous dome of stretched canvas.

Inferences There is a permeability of Form, the central Plaza can be accessed from all three adjoined streets. This results in the continuation of the urban landscape.

Fig 37, Source: http://sujeng.com/ Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Landscape Sony Center is luminous, not illuminated. Faรงades and roof act as a fabric, which moderates the natural and artificial light. They become a screen. With its characteristics of transparency, permeability to light, reflection and refraction, there is a constant change of images and effects during day and night, effecting not only the appearance but also maximizing the comfort and minimizing the use of resources. Shade and insulation provided by the surrounding buildings and the seven-story tent above modify temperature extremes by as much as 10 degrees, insuring year-round use of the plaza.

Massing

Fig 38,Source: http://sujeng.com/

Materials Steel and glass predominate in all the buildings in the complex, creating an attractive contrast with the characteristic stone buildings in the district of Mitte. The translucent material of the dome is laminated glass which is combined with webbing fabric allowing the passage of natural light and air circulation. Fig 39 Source: http://sujeng.com/ 28

Food Port,West Louisville Project Details INTRODUCTION To be Located in West Louisville the 24acre “Food Port” will transform a former tobacco plant into an “active economic and community hub” that shapes a “new model between consumer and producer.” The expandable campus, which is expected to break ground this summer, will include an urban farm, edible garden, market and food truck plaza, retail space, classrooms, a recycling facility, and more. Continue after the break to learn more..

FEATURES The West Louisville Food Port operates as more than than the typical food hub with the addition of several key programs that serve and provide for all stages of the food chain, from farming, to processing, shared community kitchen spaces, retail, and recycling. Referencing the street grids of the city which are rotated at different angles from neighborhood to neighborhood to maintain orientation to the Ohio River, the masterplan stitches together the urban fabric. Corresponding outdoor spaces aligned with surrounding thoroughfares include a market plaza, food truck plaza, and

edible garden. The efficient building plan also allows for systematic growth to allow the building and its tenants to develop over time. The Food Port provides a comprehensive survey of the food industry and its processes while relocating many food programs typically separated from the buyer back into the heart of the city. It defines a new model for how the relationship between consumer and producer can be defined and addresses captured market demand and inefficiencies within the local food industry. Logistically heavy programs such as the recycling facility and processing facilities are oriented towards the el- Fig 40 Food Port Concept, Source: Archdaily.com evated railway on the West, while public programs such as retail and educational facilities face 30th Street. The intersections of programmatic bars take advantage of the unique combination of tenants to introduce shared facilities where private producers and public consumers meet. Total developed site area: 132.500 sqm • Site area 25 acres Stage- Conceptual.Not Built

Fig 41 Food Port Concept, Source: Archdaily.com Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Fig 44 Ground Floor Plan , Source: OMA Architects

Fig 42 Servicing and Public Circulation , Source: Archdaily.com

Fig 43 Zoning at Nodes , Source: Archdaily.com

INFERENCES There is a very simply and straight division of the public and service circulation. All the public functions have been placed near the public courts whereas admin and processing functions next to service court. This results Fig 45 Open Space in un-interrupted flow of both.

, Source: OMA Architects

Fig 47 Space for Informal Markets , Source: OMA Architects

Fig 48 Space for food trucks , Source: OMA Architects

INFERENCES The Public Courts created give way to a lot of Informal activities as well as temporal markets and exhibitions to be conducted. The setting of these courts hence keep changing and result in an active public space. The built thereby not only supports but provides a fixed setting to this changing public landscape infront of it. Fig 46 Site Plan of the Food Port with the Context , Source: archdaily.com Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

City Centre,Salt Lake,Kolkata

Fig 49 ,Source: Snazzy maps

TOTAL BUILT-UP AREA - 50400 sq.m SITE AREA - 6.5 acres NUMBER OF FLOORS - G+7 PARKING - 800 cars

SITE ANALYSIS •Clustered organization relies on physical proximity between buildings to relate its space to one another. •Consists mostly of respective cellular spaces having similar functions and share a visual trait such as a shape or orientation. • Parametric vehicular movement for parking and movement through. Parking is evenly distributed throughout the site to enhance utility of the site. • Pedestrian movement happens as a natural movement with a sense of randomness associated with it. 32

Fig 50 , Source: Charlescorreafoundation

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND LINKAGES •Informal nodes inbetween corridors creating interest in junction spaces. •Close proximity of forms - so various activities are clubbed by means of corridors and plazas. •Corridors are covered with pergolas with polycarbonate sheet to provide diffused light inside. •Open spaces are merged with the whole composition. Activities surrounding focussed with the open space inbetween with the kund at the entrance.

Fig 51,Source: Charlescorreafoundation

•Connection corridors specially hidden line between outer streets towards inside. Its inclusiveness for one with no boundaries to seperate it from streets. It is open to all age and income groups promoting inclusivity, the key to the building concept. •Tree placement in all open and semi-covered pathways. Landscaping elements surround the court balancing the open space hierarchy.

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

Fig 52 Source: Charlescorreafoundation

Fig 53 Source: Goggleimages

•Clean and clear facade without any ornamentation. •Simple square openings depicts function and implication of mild colours inbetween breaks monotony. •The kund space is accesible from the major intensity public region. •The kund space provides psychological relief. It breaks contiouous traffic movement and the monotony of heightnened building space. •The play with light and shadow is entertained by people at different time intervals depending on the location on the site and the user. Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Markthal Rotterdam,Netherlands The Markthal was designed by architectural firm MVRDV. The grey nature stone building has an archwise structure like a horseshoe. • Markthal means an important impulse to its surrounding area which is a strong contribution to the urban economy. Markthal with its daily fresh food market, shops and apartments, creates coherence and connections in the neighbourhood which will reach a new centrality. •

• Markthal is a building without a backside. All sides of the building are accessible or shop windows. The entire supply for the hall, the shops and restaurants is therefore located underground. The first basement floor features an expedition court to which the delivery can happen with vans, from this exhibition court freight elevators reach the market hall.

Project Details Space planning : 228 apartments, 1 00 market stalls, storage facilities, supermarket 1.200 parking spaces Material : in-situ concrete, glass Site area : 8,400 sqm Usable space : 100,000 sqm Surface : 95,000 sqm

Fig 54 Connections to context , Source:Googlemaps,Author 34

Fig 55 Market Stalls (Plan) , Source: MVRDV Architects

Fig 56 Main Section through Markthal , Source: MVRDV Architects

Fig 57 Volumetric Zoning , Source: MVRDV Architects

Fig 59 Exterior Views of Building , Source: Archdaily.com

Residential Component Markhal makes Rotterdam home of a new urban typology, a hybrid of market and housing. Markthal comprises of 102 rentaland 126 freehold apartments among which 24 penthouses. The apartments vary from 80 sqm to 300 sqm, from two to five bedrooms. Every apartment has a view either towards the river Maas or the Laurens Church, and towards the market through windows or a glass floor made of sound and smell proof triple glazing.

Fig 58 Residential Floor (Plan) , Source: MVRDV Architects Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

•

Food Market

Municipal Market, Goa •

service side

unloading dock

It is the main grocery market of Pan- • jim. It consists of a central double height atrium surrounded by formal • shops. The perishable goods are sold on the ground floor and non-perish- • able goods are sold on the first floor for easy garbage disposal.

Basement Parking occupies 3089 sq m (71 cars + 32 two wheelers) It acts as a place for social gathering in the morning. Murals by the local artist Mario Miranda make up the interior. The servicing happens through the rear side.

basement entry

hardware, non perishable fruits, vegetables, flowers

Fig 61 Source: Damini Rathi,Thesis

•

The market activities spills into the nearby streets in the form of informal vending .

formal shops

atrium

vegetable vending

informal informal plaza

main entry

Source: Damini Rathi,Thesis

main road Fig 60 Source: Damini Rathi,Thesis

Ground floor --> 3176 sq m. Mezzanine --> 535 sq m First floor --> 2490 sq m Second floor --> 679 sq m

Function attracts people who attracts more functions. no of visitors

• • • •

9 am

12pm

2pm

6pm

Public spaces catering to a particular community, with time, start mirroring their cultural norms and become a crux to their identity.

GALLERIA MARKET,GURGOAN Project Details INTRODUCTION Owing to its location,Galleria Market in DLF Phase 4 is said to attract more footfall than any mall in Gurgoan.

FEATURES The terrace fashion the Mediterranean style. Galleria belongs to the genre of shopping centers that were pervasive before air-conditioned malls. The success of the development lies in it effective use of common spaces. Galleria is definitely distinctive amongst the concrete, steel and glass bevy of buildings designed in the DLF Complex.

Fig 62 Land use around site , Source: Thesis,city center redevelopment 2017

Fig 63 Built open and circulation , Source:Hafeez Contractor

CONTEXT

Galleria Market has a residential society (Ridgewood) on one side, DLF City Club on another and a main road on the third. The surrounding are is mainly residential with small pockets of commercial buildings. it is not densely packed on ground but since there are many apartment complexes here, their volumetric density is more.

Fig 64 Site with respect to City , Source:HUDA

Fig 65 Elevation of Galleria , Source:Hafeez Contractor Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

INFERENCES AND CONCLUSIONS SITE PLANNING

VOLUMES

1. CITY CENTRE1. Clustered organization relies on physical proximity to relate to its space 2. Pedestrian movement kept uninterrupted from traffic

1. CITY CENTRE1. Clustered blocks having similar functions. 2. Volumes are large cuboid placed throughout site in relation with the open spaces.

2. CENTRAL MARKET 1. Strong axes taken into planning, this ensures that all shops are given equal importance. (Resembles a traditional souk) 3. MARKTHAL ROTTERDAM1. The planning is simple. The market is a large spanned open space. Here a strong axes is established which cuts through the entire built and site. 2. High permeability of 2 sides ensures connect with urban form. 4. SONY CENTRE 1. High permeability ensured in planning. 2. Axes from main Roads lead pedestrians into central open space. 5. GALLERIA MARKET 1. Strong axes leading to office through the market. 2. Design based on everything looking onto central courtyard 6. FOOD PORT1. Simple Planning with 2 major courts formed for Public Access and 2 courts for servicing

AREAS AND PROGRAMMATIC FUNCTIONS

1. CITY CENTRE1. Largely commercial It has a typical mix observed in the mall typologies of today. There is 45 % retail, 19 % office, food courts as well as specialty restaurants along with cinema theaters for entertainment. 2. CENTRAL MARKET Health care social infrastructure has also been 1. Volumetrically the market space has been kept till added to the scheme. 4 storeys whereas the office towers reach a height of 378 M. 2. CENTRAL MARKET 2. Volumetrically it is a strong design. Nodes in 1. A mix of retail, office and residential is given. the internal circulation are designed at continuous 2. There is not enough connectivity in terms of triple height spaces spaces however between the 3 functions. 3. There is a step up in the terraces to ensure a visually connected green space 3. MARKTHAL ROTTERDAM1. An interesting mix of retail and housing is 3. MARKTHAL ROTTERDAMtried. There is connectivity between the two 1. A unique volume, shaped like an arch. It gives the spaces,wherein the housing areas enclose the place a unique identity. space. Noise is however an issue! 2.A Large covered public space is created due to the shape of the building. 4. SONY CENTRE 1.Mix Of Office, residential , entertainment 4. SONY CENTRE restaurants 1. A heavy massing due to high FAR. 2. Connectivity between all of them is through the central space only. 5. GALLERIA MARKET 1. Massing involves a two storey market place 5. GALLERIA MARKET followed by a 14 storey office building. 1. Office and retail mix with connections between the two blocks as well as separate core entry. 6. FOOD PORT1. A 2-3 storey building mass. The volumes consist 6. FOOD PORTof large open halls like industrial building. Low 1.The Food Port is an industrial facility which Height Allow for easy Public movement and access provides food processing, distribution ,retail and research facility. However the public integration makes it lively.

CHAPTER 3 PROGRAM ANALYSIS

This chapter elaborates on the new area program formulated for this design problem. It also analyses and creates connections between the various components of the program to one another, to programs components of surrounding buildings and important transport nodes in the precinct.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

CURRENT AREA PROGRAM

1 INA MARKET

Fig 66 Site ,Source : Bharat Maps

The site currently consists of four adjoining markets 1. Kashmiri Market 2. INA Market 3. Mohan Singh Market 4. Super Bazaar -DEFUNCT/VACANT

KASHMIRI MARKET MOHAN SINGH MARKET

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Type of Shop No. of Shops Current Area/shop Total Area Poultry +fish 35 7.4 259 Vegetable and fruits 11 7.4 81.4 grocery/departmental 33 14 462 Kitchenware 9 7.4 66.6 Stoage/vacant 22 7.4 162.8 Cosmetics/shoes/accesories 35 7.4 259 Stationery/Electrical 8 7.4 59.2 Eating Garments Chemist/Money Changer Spice/dry fruits Notary/Documentation Food Kiosks Small Tailor Florist Beauty Parlour Electrical/Mobile Furnishing Jewellery Hotel + Restaurant

Fig 67,Source : Author

14 76 5 9 10 10 10 2 5 4 4 4 4 310

7.4 14 7.4 14 6 6 6 6 12 6 12 12 30

103.6 1064 37 126 60 60 60 12 60 24 48 48 120 3172.6

NEW AREA PROGRAM The new area program will include all the existing functions along with increased number and sizes of shops to cater for the redevelopment process. Apart from that taking on the queue of INA market being a ‘Food Bazaar’ of Delhi it will be given an added identity of a ‘Food Hub’. Now in order to maximize on this identity of a food hub all the aspects of food were looked at and area program devised accordingly. The Site will have a mixed use development with the following components1. Market is will include all the retail shops ranging from poultry to jewelery. 2. F & B Include existing Food kiosks and restaurants and higher end restaurant as well cafe. 3. Serviced Apartments serve the long time stay families going to AIIMS and Safdarjung hospital as well as the on-site culinary school and incubation centre residents. 4. Buget Hotel- For the three types of people expected on site. Firstly,the tourists who have come to participate in on site activities. Second, the large no. of people that come to AIIMS and Safdarjung hospital and lastly for visitors during food festivals. 5. Vertical Farming - This component of the program aims to look at the basic level of

Developmental Norms – INA TOD NORMS Height Restriction – 45 M ECS – 3 bays/ 100 Sq. m. Floor area FAR – 4 permissible Ground Coverage – 40 % Set Backs – 0 front , 12 back , 12 side Fig 68 Food and Program Relation ,Source : Author

the food consumption cycle that is production. It aims to sensitize people about the different types of vertical farming possible. 6. Incubation Kitchen -These kitchens will be on lease for aspiring chefs to start a business more effectively,plug directly into public market and culinary school on site 7. Gastro Gallery -Flexible gallery and event space for showcasing Delhi cuisine and the work of the culinary school and incubator kitchens 8. Culinary school - Will support functions like the incubator kitchens, this will have a public and a private component in order to spread knowledge related to food as well as courses for those interested in a culinary career 9. Exhibition Spaces - These spaces will form an Fig 69 TOD Commercial Site important part during festivals and events. However,this space mostly consists of large open air theatre spaces with the possibility of setting temporary structures during fest Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Fig 70, Relationship between Functions

Source : Author

Fig 71 ,Vertical Zoning

PROGRAM AND SIZE RELATIONSHIP SCALE 1:2000

Functional RelationshipConclusions - The plaza is the central point for the site all functions should be linked to it except service apartments which require a bit more privacy - The retail,Gastro Gallery,Incubation Kitchen and Culinary school should be well linked and form the majority of the public spaces - The retail should be easily accessible by the surrounding public transport and offices - The plaza should feature like an interface between Dilli Haat and the functions on site.

Fig 72 ,Functional Zoning Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

CHAPTER 4 SITE ANALYSIS

This chapter collects and analyses all the information Regarding the site and its surrounding areas. It also studies the basic structure and form of the original buildings on site.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

4.1 SITE AND SURROUNDINGS The INA market is located in South Delhi in Zone D as per the Masterplan 2021. It is currently a Nonhierarchy Commercial Centre catering to a large catchment spreading through South Delhi upto Gurgoan on the South and CP towards the North.

The current redevelopment project comprises of the area covering four markets including INA Market. Together they form roughly 5 acres of Prime land located on the Aurobindo Marg.

Fig 74 Site ,Source : Bharat Maps

The site currently consists of four adjoining markets 1. Kashmiri Market 2. INA Market 3. Mohan Singh Market 4. Super Bazaar Fig 73 Site in larger context Source : Bharat Maps 48

Source : www.delhitourism.gov.in

FOOD INFORMAL DESTINATION

LOCAL + INTERNATIONAL

BAZAAR

AROMAS FLAVORS

VIBRANT ATMOSPHERE

EXOTIC

The INA Market situated in South Delhi opposite Dilli Haat is popularly known as the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Food Bazaarâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. This name has been given to it as it offers visitors and buyers with a varied array of food products,fresh meat and vegetables. The INA Market exudes a vibrant yet busy atmosphere It is a hub for many retailers who visit this market to purchase the rare and unique food products. This market place also features a few shops that retail rare but expensive liquor, spirits and wine. In INA Market, one can find fresh meat, poultry, seafood, dry fish and a variety of fresh vegetables, exotic herbs and aromatic spices including everything else related to groceries, all under one roof and for this reason, this market place is also known as the groceries destination of Delhi or groceries hub of Delhi. The Indian National Army Market is also an exclusive and authentic market place that caters to both National and International customers. The shops here retails food products like a varied flavour of ice creams, chocolates, candies and other eateries that are imported from other countries hence diversifying and heightening the standards of your shopping experience. The INA Market is a massive shopping complex that also retails a diverse variety of spectacular wares, flowers and steel utensils and appliances too. It is also dotted with numerous street side food outlets that serves a variety of Indian and Chinese cuisines, a definite respite and need after a tiring day of shopping.

GROCERY

INTRODUCTION

Fig 75 Vegetable and Fruit Shop,Source :Author

Fig 76 Snacks and grocery Shop,Source :Author

Fig 77 Poultry and Fish lane ,Source :Author

Fig 78 Garments Shop,Source :Author

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

MAPPING INA MARKET INA MARKET (FORMAL) SHOP CATEGORIES (LEGEND) The market provides an extensive variety of products from garments to poultry. A plan marking the types of items sold in a shop at INA has been formulated.

Poultry +Fish

Garments

Vegetable and Fruits

Chemist/ Money Changer Spice+ Dry Fruits

Grocery/Departmental Kitchenware Storage/Vacant Cosmetics/shoes/ Accessories Stationary/Electrical Eating Joints + Prep Area

INFERENCES Interestingly, the garments shop occupy maximum area in the INA market. Catering to local needs, the garment shop have increased drastically over the past few years. Shops Distribution in INA

Comparing the distribution of ‘food related shops’ as to other shops the ratio is nearly 1:1. Food related Shops Storage/Vacant Shops Distribution in INA Fig 79 Source : Author 50

Accessories/Garments etc

CONCLUSION INA serves many local everyday needs as well as city level food needs. The area occupied by both is nearly the same. WHAT MAKES THE USP OF INA FOOD ?

GRID The design of the entire market is modular and based on a 8 ft X 10 ft grid which results to 7.4 sqm of each unit. The shopowners can combine more than one unit for a shop. Fig 80 Layout of Market ,Source : Author

Fig 81 Combining Units ,Source : Author

UNIT Each unit has the capacity to expand to form a storage on top and below the shop as a basement. Mostly garment shops occupy this volume. Fig 82 Sectn- Garment shop ,Source : Author

Fig 83 Volume/unit ,Source : Author

Fig 84 Sketch of Market ,Source : Author

INA MARKET CHARACTERISTICS The elements that make given authentic bazaar character to INA market. These factors also make it an intense shopping experience. These are strong 1. Multiple ways to reach one elements which shop= Multiple experiences should not be lost in redevelopment .

2. Intersections as meeting points and way finding tool

3. Narrow courts (Streets) lead to shaded spaces=relatively cooler

4. Trees form points for informality/rest and even small temples Figure 85 Source : Author

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

MAPPING KASHMIRI MARKET KASHMIRI MARKET SHOP CATEGORIES (LEGEND) The market provides an extensive variety of products from garments to poultry. A plan marking the types of items sold in Fig 87 Shaded retail street, Source :Author a shop at INA has been formulated. Eating kiosks Documentation/Notary Tailors/garments Florist Electrical/Mobile shop Beauty Parlors

Source :Author 52

Fig 88 NMT as preferred mode of transport, Source :Author

Fig 89 Panorama view of Market from its center (7 am ), Source :Author Fig 86 Source : Author

CONCLUSION The Kashmiri Market responds to the Institutional axis formed from Vikas Sadan. There are 50 % shops which are notary/documentation purpose. There are many roadside parlours and tailors in this stretch. Shops on the outer edge have a window/ open edge on both sides of the shops in order to respond to the two streets formed.

MAPPING MOHAN SINGH MARKET CONCLUSION The Mohan Singh Market is not that active and thereby only has few shops consisting of restaurants,home furnishing,jewelery, alcohol,and even a Fig 91 Pedestrian Plaza steps down , Source :Author small 10 bedroom 1 star hotel. There is G+3 construction here which is not allowed according to current norms. The fact that this prime land has been divided into so many smaller markets, everything is Fig 92 The edge between INA & Mohan Market is unkempt not being able to be fully utilized and activated.

Fig 90 Source : Author

MOHAN SINGH CATEGORIES (LEGEND)

MARKET

This market not fully occupied has few restaurants(Kerela) and furnishing related items. It serves Local needs and is not active.

Eating Furnishing Jewellery Alcohol Others/Closed

Fig 93 Colonnaded entry to shops , Source :Author

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

USAGE AND CONNECTIVITY Legend Pedestrian Access Vehicular Access Informal Activity zones Nodes- Subway/Bus/ Metro Gate

USAGE through week Market remains closed except few shops on Monday and has peak traffic on Sunday and on weekdays after Office hours and lunch hour.

Fig 95 Hourly traffic through the week Source : INA welfare association,Author

Fig 96 Notes,Types of Visitors to the market and purpose Source : Author Fig 94 Source :Google, Author 54

Fig 97 Notes, Various axis and connections Source :Author

EDGE CONDITIONS SURROUNDING LAND-USE

POROSITY

Land use of the adjoining areas is mostly residential except dilli haat having commercial land use along with Vikas Sadan and Ayush Bhawan having Institutional landuse. There is are recreational greens also next to Vikas Sadan and Laxmibainagar.

The porosity of a side depends on its access by cars/pedestrians visually as well as physically. Porosity then decides how the zoning and built form will shape. Edge 1 i.e. edge facing Aurobindo Marg as well as Edge 2 i.e. facing CB Marg is porous and allows for entry of pedestrians and vehicles into site. The edge 3 facing INA colony has a boundary wall and very limited access points,Hence forming the non-porous edge of the site.

Residential Institutional Recreational

Commercial

Utilities/Public Infrastructure Source : Delhi Master plan 2021

SITE EDGE CONDITIONS 3

Three unique edge conditions have been identified for the site.

Informal Activities POROSITY

More pedestrians Eyes on the street

FIg 99, Source : Author

1. Edge facing Aurobindo Marg 2. Edge facing INA colony 3. Edge facing CB Marg

Fig 98 Source :Author

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

EDGE 1- AUROBINDO MARG INFERENCES

CONCLUSIONS

Views from this edge 1. Dilli Haat 2. LaxmibaiNagar Colony 3. Safdurjung Airport and Sarojini Nagar (3rd floor)

This edge is the main edge and city level interface, the speed and thereby interaction of city level movement is very fast,Hence built form should flow parallel to this edge thereby leading to longer visual contact. Pedestrian access is high specially, tourists approach the site from here,hence built form needs to be well punctuated to allow for unhindered movement. Due to large movement of roughly 5500 cars per hour (Source:NDMC) it also leads to a lot of congestion and noise pollution on this edge. Hence,appropriate sound barriers such as trees etc must be though of.

People Analysis (Source : Author) 1. HIG 2. MIG 3. LIG

=17 =22 =7

Predominately M+HIG

Fig 100 Garbage Trucks -Service lane Source : Author

Fig 101 East Kidwai Source : Author 56

This edge has pedestrians coming from across the road i.e. INA Metro Station,Dilli Haat,Sarojini Nagar,Laxmibainagar and from cars on Aurobindo Marg.Most â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Touristsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; approach the site from this edge

Fig 102 Bus Stop Source : Author

This is therefore an extremely important edge to respond to, spaces for Informal activity and retail should also be provided.

Fig 103 Service lane Source : Author

EDGE 2- INA COLONY INFERENCES

CONCLUSIONS

Views from this edge 1. INA Colony 2. Vikas Sadan,Ayush Bhawan,ASI office etc 3. Lodhi colony,JLN,Thyagraj Stadium (3rd floor) People Analysis (Source : Author)

This edge is currently a dead edge due to the presence of a boundary wall of 1.7 M. This has resulted in it to be the backyard of INA market as well as INA colony. Hence, this is the non-porous side of the site, however, learning from the current usage it should not be left as a ‘backyard’ space as it leads to unhygienic and unkept spaces. However this edge can be provided with service areas for the Market development. This edge can be activated through appropriate landscaping and courts. The existing pedestrian connections of the INA colony can be integrated into the site planning and access paths.

1. HIG 2. MIG 3. LIG

=0 =10 =13

Predominately L+MIG

Fig 104 Inside INA colony -Garbage Dump Source : Author

Fig 105 Inside INA colony- Closed Connection, Source : Author

This edge has pedestrians coming from across the road i.e. INA Metro Station,Dilli Haat,Sarojini Nagar,Laxmibainagar and from cars on Aurobindo Marg.Most ‘Tourists’ approach the site from this edge

Fig 106 INA Market Back lane for Prep/storage and servicing ,Source : Author

Fig 107 Informal Houses along NCRDC Office Boundary Wall ,Source : Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

EDGE 3- CB MARG

Fig 108 Source : NDMC

Fig 111 Pedestrians on CB marg at 7 am Source : Author

INFERENCES Views from this edge 1. East Kidwai Nagar 2. Barapullah Flyover 3. Barapullah Naala 4. AIIMS Flyover People Analysis Fig 109 CB Marg Source : Author 6.12

4.5

Fig 110 Source : CPWD 58

5.5

1. HIG =0 2. MIG 3. LIG

=17 =12

Predominately L+MIG

This edge has pedestrians coming from Kotla Mubarak or from the Instiuitional area comprising of Ayush Bhawan,ASI Office etc.

CONCLUSIONS Due to pedestrian access towards Kotla Mubarak and East Kidwai Nagar, the edge should be porous and have low/medium end retail facilities. Current peak hour traffic on CB marg is 1000 cars/hour (Source: NDMC) ,this will increase with the new Barapullah construction and Kidwai Nagar Access points.

URBAN ANALYSIS CITY LEVEL CONNECTIONS

Fig 112 Source : Author

Fig 113 Source : http://www.delhimetrorail.com

I. Road networks

Ring rail networkThe ring rail that runs as a loop connecting various parts of the city. The closest ring rail station is located within 1km distance from the site. However, the traffic to the site is not expected from the ring rail station(Lodhi colony)

1. Aurobindo marg - extents - gurgoan to rajpath 2. Outer ring road - major road for delhi 3. Barapullah road - noida- dhaula kuan 4. CB Marg- to Thyagraj stadium Inferences- The site is well connected at the junction of these major roads making it important at the city level. It will be well connected to the airport because of the new barapullah construction. Hence the site is not just easily accessible but also visually at a prime location.

Traffic A. Vehicular (i) Passerby- 5500 cars/peak hour (ii) Visitors- 50 cars/peak hour (Source: INA Welfare Association) B. Bus (i) Kidwai Nagar Bustop- 25 bus/ hour (~ 5 passengers per stop) = 125 ppl/hr (ii) INA Colony Bus Stop - 25 bus/ hour (~ 5 passengers/stop)=125 ppl/hr C. Metro Yellow Line = 2000/ peak hour Yellow + Pink Line = 8000/peak hour Source : NDMC, DTC

Metro networkThe INA metro station serves INA and its precincts. Future pink line will also pass from INA. It is expected to become a very busy interchange station between pink and yellow line.Interestingly enough all the ISBT/ railway stations are within 20 min reach through metro. Fig 114 At the Bus Stop Source :Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

URBAN ANALYSIS MAPPING MARKETS IN SOUTH DELHI The aim of this is to map all the commercial centers or popular markets to understand the USP of each and the uniqueness associated. From medieval period, Delhi has always been the most important trading center in Northern India. Many of its localities, like Sheikh Sarai and Yusuf Sarai, derive their names from the ancient trading towns of Delhi. Today, instead of market towns, there are number of shopping complexes, hubs, wholesale markets scattered all over the Delhi city. The distinct feature of Delhi market is that every shopping hub has its own ambience and specialty. Haus Khas Village, Connaught Place and Chandni Chowk have distinct features and have their own special attractions, yet each of them showcases and appearance of this historical city.

Sarojini Nagar

INA /SITE

South Extension

Defence Colony

Clothes

Food/Grocery

Clothes(Wedding)

Restaurants food Clothes+ Everyday Items

Low-medium end Low-High end needs needs

Medium-High end needs

High end Needs

Low- medium end needs

CONCLUSION INA offers low-high end needs related to grocery and food which makes it unique from the other markets catering to city level movement in South Delhi. Hence, as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Foodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; related retail makes INA a destination for city level movement, it is important to capitalize on this.

Defence Colony

South Extension I

South Extension II

Fig 115 Mapping Major Markets of South Delhi within a half an hour distance and their Influence zones from Site Source : Google,Author 60

Lajpat Nagar

CHAPTER 5 TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS

This chapter analyses the design project under solar and heat analysis, water usage, electricity usage and air conditioning loads. It also explores and analyses the various green technology methods that can be used to make the building sustainable. The chapter also explores the types of structure needed for the building.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

SHADOW ANALYSIS

INFERENCE : SHADING REQUIRED FOR CENTRAL SPINE.

9 AM JUNE

12 PM JUNE

9 AM DECEMBER

12 PM DECEMBER

Fig 116 Shadow Analysis Source : Google Sketchup,Author 62

4 PM JUNE

4 PM DECEMBER

6 PM JUNE

6 PM DECEMBER

SOLAR ANALYSIS PREFERRED ORIENTATION ON SITE

Fig 117 Sun Path Diagram Source : Google,Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

SOLAR RADIATION ON BUILDING AND RESPONSE West faĂ§ade Aurobindo Marg Facing The sun falls upon it from a high angle. Mostly throughout the year, it is not shaded. There is too much heat gain from this wall.

Fig 118 Ecotect Analysis- Main Road Elevation Source : Google,Author

Technology and Treatment

What?

The windows on this wall should have horizontal and vertical louvers. In some areas dye sensitized solar panels can be placed. They come in three colors and most efficient on the west wall.

A dye-sensitied solar cell (DSSC, DSC, DYSC or GrĂ¤tzel cell) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin fim solar cells. It is based on a semiconductor formed between a photo-sensitied anode and an electrolyte, a photo-electrochemical system Fig 120 Dye Sensitised Cells Source : Googleimages

North -East Facade INA Colony Facing The sun falls mostly early in the morning. Mostly throughout the year, it is shaded.

Fig 119 Ecotect Analysis- Kashmiri Market Elevation ( Design development 2) Source : Google,Author 64

Fig 119.1 Design- Facade Source,Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

METHODS TO REDUCE SOLAR GAIN - BUILDING ENVELOPE + ROOF ENVELOPE 1. Vertical landscaping and roof gardens Employed to cut down on direct solar heat ingress into the building structure. REASON OF SELECTION - area program and vision requirements. provide cooling and reduce solar gain APPLICATION- Not used as West facade treatment. Different plants for different wall application.

Fig 122 Green on Roof

Fig 121

Source- Author

ROOF 1. PV PANELS photovoltaic panels can also be used for shading of roof top and most importantly energy generation for the building. 2. Green Roofs to improve the thermal performance of a roofing system through shading, insulation, evapo transpiration and thermal mass. TYPE : 1. Modular block green roofâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; designed in modular units which interlock and each module contains drainage systems and plants. 2. Semi-intensive systems â&#x20AC;&#x2039;are in between the above depths (1020cm), making it suitable for growing a variety of grasses and wildflowers.

Fig 123 66

BUILDING SERVICES- ENERGY PV Panels Area calculation Available roof area for solar panels – 7375 m2 Loss area = 5% of available open space, so that area can be calculated for installing solar panel = Available open space - Loose area Effctie area of installatin = 7375 – 368.75 = ~ 7000 m2 Tilt angle calculation Latitude of Delhi – 28.38 degrees Optimum angles = 0.76 × ф + 3.1 (1) Where ф - Latitude of Delhi Optimum angle = 0.76*28.38 + 3.1 = 24.6 Shadow Angle Calculation To avoid excessive shadowing, the arrays have to be Spaced apart by a distance, d in relation to the module width – d/a = cos β + sin β/tan ε (2) and, ε = 90º – δ – ф (3) Where, ε = shadowing angle, and δ = eclipti angle = 23.5º [4]. From eq. (1), (2) and (3), ε = 41.8

Panel Arrangement Size of each panel – 1m x 2m Two panels are mounted one above the other. So the Length of the panels together becomes 4 m Since the shadow of the panel would reduce the efficiency of the panel behind it, a gap of 1.3 m needs to left (as the solar panels are mounted at an angles of 43 degrees) So 24% space of a panel is wasted Therefore the total effective space is 7000 – 24% of 7000 =5320 m2 Area for each set is 4m2 and the panels can be placed in a row without any space between them Therefore number of solar panels – 2660 panels Each panel generates – 230 w

Fig 124, Terrace with Solar Panels Source-Author

Total electricity generated – 611800 w = 611.8 KW in 1 year = 611.8 X 4.5 X 300= 825930 KWH

Fig 125, Solar Panel Installation Source-Author

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

BUILDING SERVICES- WATER RAIN WATER HARVESTING WATER CALCULATION On August 21, New Delhi received 54.4mm rains, the highest in 2015. The average annual rainfall in Delhi is 714 mm, three fourths of which falls in July, August and September. Usable rain water from the Roof Roof catchment area = 10988 m2 Volume of rainfall = 10988 x 0.744 = 8175.072 m3 = 8175072 liters

Fig 127, Rainfall collection on Roof Author

Source-

For efficiency the roof should have ties laid on it . The run of Coefficient for tiles = 0.8 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 0.9 The coefficient for evaporation, spillage, fist flush wastage is considered as efficient rain water quantity that can be harvested is = 0.9 x 0.8 x 8175072 = 5886051.84 liters Total Rain water that can be used = 5886051.84 liters Calculating the size of the pipes For Delhi, Average rate of rainfall (mm per hour) is 90mm/hr. Therefore the size of our PVC pipes will be 125mm. Since the roof area is 10988 m2 The no of down sprouts will be 10988/80 = 137 Diameter of pipe will be 125 mm 68

Fig 126, Rainfall in Delhi Source- weatherclimate.com

Water calculation Total water consumption= 462150 lpd for built = 0.5 X 107639.1 = 53819 LPD grand total -515978.55 515 KLD fresh water demand = 515-263=252 KLD

Total water consumption= 462150 lpd for built

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

BIODEGRADABLE WASTE ER COMPOSTER The EcoRich Elite II Composter falls in the category of “in-vessel” composting. Using an accelerated composting process a volume reduction of 90% and thereby 10% of compost generation is achieved in 24 hours. Our composter is an “intelligent” system that acts on the direction of the sensors placed inside the machine and thereby achieving the following – No manual intervention thus saving on labour costs and Automated execution thus saving power and maintenance costs. The lone rejects in this method of composting is the harmless water-vapour that is neatly expelled thru the connection to the sewerage/drainage. The machine composts waste using an energy-efficient and automated control process. The system employs high temperature micro-organisms to decompose food waste and organic matter. This is accomplished without the need of repeated additions of micro-organisms or other additives to the composting champer eve. Normal mixed food waste should take no longer than 24 hours to virtually disappear. The end products is nutrient rich organic compost which can be used gardening organic faming purpose. 70

ADVANTAGES Waste volume reduction of 75-90%, within 24 hours Decomposed waste is nutrient rich compost – Needs to be removed only twice a month Fully automated operation VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) reduces electrical consumption by 15% Fig 128, ER Composting Machine Source- googleimages

WASTE TREATMENT Sewage treatment plant Advantages 80% of the waste water can be reused Low running cost and maintenance Discrete and low installation costs Minimal visual impact Reliable Robust operation and stand-by facility The unique design of the flow balancing in the primary tank means it can cope with variable flows and loads making it ideal for caravan sites and other seasonal venues Easy access Safe, clean, accessible air diffuser system with large access lids for easy maintenance Tank 25 years life

Fig 129, Waste Treatment Process

Source- googleimages

water flowing into Sewer assuming 0.8 flows into it =0.8X 515978.55 = 412782.84 (412.7 KLD) total amount reaching STP =75 % of 412782.84= 309587.13 (309 KLD) water available for re-use = 85 % of 309587.13 = 263149.0605

BUILDING SERVICES- HVAC TYPE OF COOLING SYSTEMS TO BE USED :Water cooled Packed Units – The water cooled packaged units will be of 50 T each. FCU – A Fan Coil Unit (FCU) is a simple device consisting of a heating and/or cooling heat exchanger or ‘coil’ and fan. It is part of an HVAC system found in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. Will be used in – offices. AHU – An air handler, or air handling unit (often abbreviated to AHU), is a device used to regulate and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Will be used in – AHU in false ceiling – shops, Café, Exhibition halls Larger AHU with AHU rooms –Market,(the vent will be provided) Cooling Towers – The cooling towers will be placed in on the roof of the exhibition halls. They will be placed on each of the roofs separately. The chilling pipes will be insulated. air conditioned area- 15 W/sqft non ac/ventilated - 8 W/sqft lighting + power= 5W/sqft lighting = 2W/sqft Total power requirement in non residential = 186420 = 186.420 KWH Total energy requirements of 1 year = 186.420 X 365 X 14 = 952606.2 KWH Total power requirement in residential = 102310 = 102.310 KWH Total energy requirements of 1 year = 102.310 X 365 X 24 hours = 896235.6 KWH Total requirement over an year = 1848841.8 KWH Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

STRUCTURE 1. WAFFLE/GRID SLAB A grid slab is a type of building material that has two directional reinforcement on the outside of the material, giving it the shape of the pockets on a waffle. The main purpose of employing this technology is for its strong foundation characteristics of crack and sagging resistance. Grid slab also holds a greater amount of load compared with conventional concrete slabs. Slab panels are on 1 meter grids (approximately). - Slab thickness is 85 - 100 mm. - Internal beams are 110 – 200 mm wide.

Fig 130 , Chattrapati Shivaji Airport Structure Source- googleimages

Services Provided in Grid Slab- Holedeck System Due to the holes in the grid system following services can be provided: • Air-conditioning • Plumbing • Lighting • Insulation Materials

Fig 131 , Hole-Deck Structure Source- googleimages

Benefits - Flexible - Relatively light, therefore less foundation costs and longer spans are economic - Fairly slim floor depths - Excellent vibration control -Good for services integration Applications in current design 1. Kitchens 2. Plaza space 72

Fig 132 , Waffle Structure Dimensions Source- googleimages

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

MARKET

The main shaded structure covering the spine will have its structural supports as Hollow columns made from Concrete . These Hollow columns will be of two types 1. Waste Management Columns These Hollow columns will function as chutes to collect waste from the Market levels directly into waste collection areas in the first basement. This will lead to clean waste management throughout the market. Separate chutes will cater to the Poultry Market. 2. Water Management The natural of the contour of shading device above is used to direct water falling on it to these rain water pipes within the hollow columns. This water is stored in Water Tanks in Basement to be used in the market.

Fig 133, Hollow Columns in Shading Device

Source- Author Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN DETERMINANTS

This chapter takes inferences and learnings from each chapter before and translates it into conceptual diagram for designing this project. It also explores the various aspects that would be instilled into the design.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

ADVANTAGE

1. Prime Location 2. Urban Level Connect

1. Large Frontage towards Aurobindo Marg= Noise pollution

1. Rich connect amongst the locals and city level visitors,

1. Increased Traffic from Barapullah Construction

Very strong spatial character, design elements can be borrowed.v

4 divisions of markets, lack of unity of type and category of goods sold

Street Frontage is high= better retail frontage. High pedestrian activity

Lack of integration of all four markets into scheme. Character getting lost.

Research

STRENGTH

Food Markets and Marketplace as center of cultural,economic activity

1. Struggle to create something unique or reciprocate old building

Well defined existing market typologies throughout the world

1. The mutiple Agencies existing within the Marketplace

Residential Area - Good orientation facing south. Use of Peizo electric and Solar Panels is beneficial on the site.

Longer side of side is West East Facing hence high heat gain from the surfaces.

Low rise building allowing for microclimate controls.

Shadow might block sunlight of INA colony and nearby structures

Site Analysis

WEAKNESS

Technology

SWAT ANALYSIS

THREAT

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Design Determinants and Directives- Movement Systems + Site Planning

Aurobindo Marg

Existing Yellow Line Metro Existing Paths

New pink Line Metro

Barapullah

Upcoming Paths

Figure 134 : Movement, Source: Author

CITY LEVEL MOVEMENT CONNECTIONS

AND

NEW

The site lies at an important city level road Aurobindo Marg. There is heavy traffic on this edge of the site. Similarly new connections such as the Barapulla flyover are going to be made. Design direction: To create good and easy accessibilty from these road however at the same time ensure protection of site and pedestrians from high levels of noise and air pollution at these edges. 80

Figure 135: Metro Station

Figure 136: Pedestrian Movement

TRANSIT NODES

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

The INA Metro Station lies within the site. The heavy pedestrian footfall to the metro station provides is with a great economic opportunity and easy accessibility.

The current site has a heavy pedestrian footfall on the edge of the kashmiri Market into the site. However this pedestrian axis dilutes near the now defunct Super bazaar.

Design direction: Designing a transitional public space along the movement axis of the metro station

Design direction: retracing all the pedestrian movement axes that existed /Exist and might be formed due to newer development.

INA Col ony

La x

Safdurjung Airport

Design Determinants and Directives- Zoning and Volume

High activity zone l Area

wai Nag ar

Low activity zone

East Kid

De l

a Institution

Figure 137 : Visual axis , Source: Author

Figure 138 : Volumes

Figure 139: Existing

VISUAL AXIS AND RESPONSE TO EXISTING CONTEXT

VOLUMETRIC ZONING

EXISTING ACTIVITIES

The site is surrounded by various residential colonies like INA colony, Kidwai Nagar as well as Commercial and Institutional Areas such as Vikas Sadan, ASI offices and most importantly Delhi Haat.From the higher floors, the safdurjung monument as well as airport is easily visible.

The site sees various points of entry on its main edge due to having an urban connect. The volumetric zoning should be determined by the volume of people coming in.

The site currently consists of 4 markets.Apart from the formalised shops there is alot of informal activity such as food vendors, vegetable vendors that also occupy the site.

Design direction: To create a play of volume in coherence with activity and use

Design direction: provision for these activities in the design proposal.

Design direction: Visual axis between Delhi haat and Pedestrian Plaza at East Kidwai Nagar

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Figure 140 : The question of identity

TRANSITION TO NEW IDENTITY All Redevelopments proposals achieve one of these two points 1. Retain the previous built and its essence through some architectural re-interpretations 2. Create a new meaning to the existing spaces and deviate from what existing previously Design direction: To identify the spaces which will hold a memory of the existing INA market as well as create new spaces for the new identity.

TANGIBLES • CITY LEVEL CONNECTIONS REINFORCE • STRENGTHEN CONNECTIONS TO TRANSIT NODES • CREATE EASE OF PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT. PROMOTE WALKING AND CYCLING • ENSURE CONNECT WITH CONTEXT AND USE VISUAL AXES FORMED • CREATE A NEW IDENTITY FOR THE SITE. KEEP A HINT OF THE EXISTING MARKET THROUGH INCORPORATION IN URBAN FORM AND SPACES

INTANGIBLES • SOCIAL INTERACTION • EXPERIENCE FOOD AND CULTURE • INCREASE SENSE OF PLACE • NECESSARY ENGAGEMENT • KNOWLEDGE • DEMONSTRATION • EVOLVING • DEMOCRATIC SPACE • SAMPLE/COMPACT EXPERIENCE • NEW ASSOCIATION • ECONOMY ENGAGEMENT • CELEBRATION • BUZZING WITH ACTIVITY BUT NOT CONFUSING

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

PART II DESIGN TRANSLATION

CHAPTER 7 CONCEPT DESIGN

This chapter illustrates the steps taken from research to evolution of design concept.It briefly talks about the design concepts.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Public Space - Learnings to concept 1. CONNECTIONS Taking movement lines as the primary source for location of buildings. Existing movement lines and proposed movement lines are taken into consideration.

3. PUBLIC FEATURES Having re-collectable public space features as well as congregation spaces in a big advantage as it not only creates visual markers but also helps in way finding in the site. Spaces like plaza are good meeting points. The retail along the main spine could also have sitting areas and nodes.

Figure 141 : Retail along Path, Source: Author

2. PEDESTRIANISATION This project is a urban scale as well as local intervention. Considering it is a TOD site, pedestrianization is extremely important. The site is also well connected to the public transport nodes.

2. VOLUMES The volumes will be respectful towards the low rise colonies behind the site. Heavy massing should be avoided. Low volumes near the public nodes and main road to be more welcoming at human scale.

Figure 144 : Nodes, Source: Author

movement

Square

Figure 143 : Halts - Trees, Source: Author Figure 145 Breathing Spaces

Figure 142 : Visual Connect , Source: Author

Thoroughfares are punctuated by halts at intervals to slow down the otherwise linear movement. Most of the functions would be accessible through these halts.

Public Space and Food Journey

Figure 146 Programming Mix

Creating Open Spaces for Temporal Program such as Farmers markets/ Exhibitions/Workshops Informal Activities and a Temporal Program is an important part of this scheme as much as the fixed functions. This allows for a more inclusive space. To create this open space the market is Figure 149 Zoning of Markets along Spine distributed to different levels. However, Larger part of the redeveloped market will remain on the ground floor to ensure active pedestrian interaction.

Figure 147 Open Temporal Market

Active Central Spine The main spine should be an explosion of fragrance and colors. A lot of activity should take place throughout the central spine. Like linear bazaars all functions like restaurants, food stalls, fresh produce markets, spices etc should spill over onto the spine.

Figure 150 Gastro Gallery and Vertical Green as Public Realm

PUBLIC REALM- RETAIL AND FARMING + GASTRO GALLERY The concept is to have two public realm connection levels that run throughout the built. The Gastro Gallery + Organic Vertical Farming Floor will form the most unique and central floor to the Food Hub. This floor will create double height spaces, such that a visual connection is established throughout engaging and drawing people towards it. Figure 148 Creating Porous Open Markets Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Conceptual Sections- Increasing Interactions

Figure 151 Conceptual Spine Section 1

Figure 152 Conceptual Spine Section 2

Figure 153 Conceptual Spine Section 3

VISUAL CONNECTIONS ALONG SPINE The design aims to ensure that there is strong visual connections between all floors to create a feeling of a large social hub. This will also increase the interaction of all food related activities hence engaging people with other food related activities such as preparation and growing apart from just eating.

CHAPTER 8 DESIGN EVOLUTION

This chapter discusses the evolution of design from initial sketch to final product. The various designs along with their shortcomings and strengths illustrated.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Design Development 1 Taking the concepts derived from the research as shown in chapter 6, many variations of massing were tried. Some of them were a direct derivation of functions being positioned according to the program analysis done in chapter 4. Some are as follows-

Fig 154 Concept Massing 1 ,Model scale 1:1000

Fig 155 Concept Massing 1 plan

POSITIVES

NEGATIVES

• movement axis between the main road and the metro in place. • visual axes in place • hierarchy in open spaces initiated • parking and grid in progress

• too much ground coverage • built form looks haphazard and disintegrated • functional zoning not clear, area program needs to be changed.

• The main Spine concept was initiated in the first design development. • WAY FORWARD• To create the development on the identified spine

Design Development 2

Design Development 3

Fig 156 Concept Massing 2, Model Scale 1:500

Fig 157 Concept Massing 3, Model Scale 1:500

POSITIVES

NEGATIVES

POSITIVES

• massing more dynamic • The volumes are however spread over the entire site leading to unresolved areas

• Do to a large horizontal spread of service apt , cores are not sorted • Market does not flow

• Better articulation of open • Issues with services. spaces. • Parking not sorted • Massing more dynamic • Too much in terms of vol• Functions are clearly deume and shapes going on. marcated in volumes as well No proper demarcation of as plan spaces

NEGATIVES

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

Design Development 4

Fig 158 Concept Massing 4.1, Model Scale 1:1000

Fig 159 Concept Massing 4.2, Model Scale 1:1000

POSITIVES

NEGATIVES

POSITIVES

NEGATIVES

• better articulation of volume. Clean lines and the section allows for more visual connection throughout all floors

• The Metro Station is not integrated properly in the massing. • Very monotonous space

• Metro articulated in design. • Proper allocation of courts • Design has unidirectional movement

• Large open space must be covered not climatically suitable • Inner spine needs to be designed for informal activity

CHAPTER 9 DESIGN PORTFOLIO

This chapter consists of the final design outcome of the thesis. Plans,Sections,Elevations and other drawings produced along with the jury comments.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

IMMEDIATE CONTEXT 1. INA COLONY B 2. INA COLONY A 3. LAXMI BAI NAGAR 4. VIKAS SADAN 5. OFFICES 6.DILLI HAAT 7.EAST KIDWAI NAGAR 8.WEST KIDWAI NAGAR

NEAREST LANDMARKS 1. SAFDARJUNG AIRPORT 2. AIIMS 3. SAFDARJUNG HOSPITAL 4. SAFDURJANG TOMB

SITE PLAN

LEGEND 1. B-Bus Stop 2.S- Subway 3. M- Metro Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 12

LEGEND 1. EVERYDAY MARKET COURT 2. FRONT EXHIBITION COURT 3.CLOTH MARKET COURT 4. ENTRY PLAZA TO SPINE 5.CENTRAL PLAZA 6.RESIDENTIAL AREA SHOPS 7. HOTEL COURTYARD 8. MULTIPURPOSE HALL 9. SPILL OVER GREENS FOR HALL + ENTRY TO INA COLONY 10. GREENS IN SETBACK 11. NODE IN MARKET 12. POULTRY MARKET

4 11

9 5

8 2

SITE PLANNING-MOVEMENT

The ground floor movement patterns ,nodes,axii have been entirely derived from analyzing the per-existing nodes such as landmarks, existing movement patterns, metro station and subway points.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

SITE PLANNING-PEDESTRIAN + AXII

The pedestrian movement through the proposed design. The movement is been kept as seamless and uninterrupted as possible not only on the ground floor but also between floors. 98

SITE PLANNING-COURTYARDS+ HIERARCHY

The use of courts is to bring down the scale of functions to that of a user. The different courts are designed as per the function and hierarchy of space. The provide the breathers in the otherwise linear flow in the design. Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

FIRST FLOOR PLAN The first floor is treated like an extension of the ground floor in terms of seamless movement of pedestrians. This floor mostly consists of restaurants and cafe along with few open kiosks. The floor plate is stepped back by 2 m away from the central spine in order to maintain visual connect between the two floor plates .

100

SECOND FLOOR PLAN The second floor contains all incubation kitchens. It is a semi public floor.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

101

THIRD FLOOR PLAN The third floor is a connected floor plate which is also a public realm. It is the vertical green floor + Gastro gallery.

102

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN Fourth floor is the culinary school. Here the service floor of the service apartments spans the distance between the two blocks. The roof of the hotel acts like a green roof for the service apartments.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

103

BASEMENT All the servicing happens through the first basement. The lower ground market is also at this level. Furnishing stores have been places at this level so that easy transport of heavy items to cars/ vehicles can be done.

104

RESIDENTIAL FLOOR PLAN The residential area is made of two types of units, duplex and single. The concept of the block is to create large green terraces for each unit.

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

105

DETAILS OF UNITS

HOTEL ROOM DETAIL

RESIDENTIAL UNITS 106

ROOF PLAN

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

107

ELEVATION FROM AUROBINDO MARG

108

ELEVATION FROM CB MARG

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

109

SECTION THROUGH HOTEL AND RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS

110

SECTION THROUGH CENTRAL SPINE

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

111

SECTIONAL ELEVATION OF INNER SPINE

112

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

113

THE TEMPORAL PROGRAMMING The concept for the inner street was for to allow it to become live space that is activated through informal activities Open platforms were created so that hawkers of small kiosks can set up through the day. The central space is covered so that it is walkable throughout the day. 114

FRONT COURT -PERSPECTIVE

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

115

PHYSICAL MODEL 1:500

116

DETAIL SECTIONAL MODEL 1:200

Urban Food Hub | Architectural Thesis 2018

117

JURY COMMENTS - Extremely well thought out scheme Suggestions by Jury - The informal shopping area could be kept towards the periphery of the building and the inner street be made consisting of formal food shops

118

BIBLIOGRAPHY ` 1. http://www.tezu.ernet.in/event/Food-concept-note.pdf 2. http://uttipec.nic.in/writereaddata/discussionimages/7087348000.pdf 3. https://ac.els-cdn.com 4. htts://www.researchgate.net/fiure/228327252_fi5_Figure-23-Photograph-showing-unplanned-organic-growth-ofbuildings-in-South-Delhi (viewed on - 1st April, 2017) 5. Project for Public Spaces (2009) Eleven Principles for Creating Great Community Places - How to Turn a Place Around [online] - htt://www.pps.org/reference/11steps/ (viewed on - 1st April 2017)

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120

School of Planning and Architecture,Delhi THESIS 2018