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THE CRITICAL EYE

JANUARY 07, 2015

`100

KUMAR KETKAR

STILL AT WAR The veteran journalist shows his impatience with reigning play-safe media trends 10

BIKRAM VOHRA SPECIAL Jehadi Cut, pasteâ&#x20AC;Ś.and How ProPublica reporters tweets land red -faced! 16 dug out Red Cross dirt 20 Bangalore techie behind bars 32

HINDI SECTION

Media itana akramak kyon hai? zTraders of news zMachine translator z

EDITOR’S NOTE

THE RELEVANCE OF BEING KETKAR WHEN YOU USE the expression, “they don’t make ’em

much that they flaunt selfie images with him and proudly

like they used to,” you are probably talking about Kumar

circulate them.”

Ketkar if the reference is to the world of journalism. He

I do not personally believe that Mrs Gandhi and PM

looks every inch the curmudgeon, the fierce oral pugilist

Modi are two sides of the same coin. But I reproduce this

ready to take on unreasonableness with reason, intoler-

Ketkar observation as a pointer to the kind of reasoning

ance with trenchant criticism, disinformation with a bar-

he brings to bear on any debate and his ability to make

rage of historical facts and factoids, bias with sharp

you feel uncomfortable with what you have always taken

analysis. And you’ve probably seen him do all this, some-

for granted. Often, I disagree vehemently with what Ketkar

times with a wry smile on his face, and often with barely-

observes and says, but I cannot help reading what he

controlled outrage on national TV.

writes or listening to what he says because there’s an

He relishes the role of playing fearless critic on public

aura of compelling avuncular graciousness about him.

platforms because he believes that constructive criticism

In his interview with our writer Somi Das, Ketkar cov-

is the soul of the media which is increasingly becoming

ered a wide array of topics, taking his time to answer –

soul-less and losing its moral core. It is being bludgeoned

sometimes even two days – but never shying away from

by money, power and politics. Journalists, the old-fash-

any question. He talked about the Emergency and Ram-

ioned belief goes, should be impervious to this evil tri-

nath Goenka; the early ideological battle between journal-

umvirate, and in this sense, Ketkar saab is very, very

ists who believed in Nehruvian socialism versus the press

old-fashioned. Doggedly so. That he is an intrepid warrior,

barons who favored the West and free enterprise; the

as the cover story describes him, is beyond

Tarun Tejpal controversy; his favorite television shows and

doubt. You can count on the fingertips of one

anchors (surprise…surprise…); the Sangh Parivar and

hand how many journalists have dared to re-

the Shiv Sena; money and media monopolies.

peatedly stand up editorially against the Shiv

But my favorite quote is his answer about why he

Sena and other right-wing groups in Maha-

keeps away from the social media: “Because I find people

rashtra despite being savaged and attacked

becoming addicted to it. People compose smart tweets

by them. Ketkar is one.

more to impress others than to make an important or

Because he is one-of-a-kind among a

polemical point. It has become a self-fulfilling activity – ‘I

vanishing species of journalists, we are fea-

tweet so I exist.’ I don’t’ fall into the trap of narcissism…

turing him on our cover. Starting as a reporter

Moreover I have bought many books, which I don’t think

for The Economic Times, Ketkar has held sev-

I will be able to read in this lifetime. So I prefer to read

eral positions, including chief editor of the Ex-

than to tweet.”

press Group’s Loksatta. He also headed

That last line is the kind of thinking that will ensure

Dainik Divya Marathi. What makes him special

that Ketkar – whether you agree with him or not – may be

is that inside eye of his. His ability to speak

a vanishing species, but will never become a fossil.

perspicacious sentences like: “It is ironic that those who condemn Indira Gandhi for being dictatorial and autocratic have embraced Narendra Modi ideologically and physically so

VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 3

VOLUME. VIII

ISSUE. 07

Editor-in-Chief Rajshri Rai Managing Editor Ramesh Menon Deputy Managing Editor Shobha John Consulting Editor Raj Kishore Senior Editor Vishwas Kumar Contributing Editor Girish Nikam Associate Editor Meha Mathur Deputy Editors Prabir Biswas Niti Singh Assistant Editor Somi Das Hindi Desk Divya, Priya Art Director Anthony Lawrence Senior Visualizer Amitava Sen Graphic Designer Lalit Khitoliya Photographer Anil Shakya News Coordinator/Photo Researcher Kh Manglembi Devi Production Pawan Kumar

C O N

Chief Editorial Advisor Inderjit Badhwar CFO Anand Raj Singh VP (HR & General Administration) Lokesh C Sharma For advertising & subscription queries sales@viewsonnewsonline.com

Published by Raju Sarin on behalf of E N Communications Pvt Ltd and printed at Amar Ujala Publications Ltd., C-21&22, Sector-59, Noida. (UP)- 201 301 (India) All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation in any language in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Requests for permission should be directed to E N Communications Pvt Ltd . Opinions of writers in the magazine are not necessarily endorsed by E N Communications Pvt Ltd . The Publisher assumes no responsibility for the return of unsolicited material or for material lost or damaged in transit. All correspondence should be addressed to E N Communications Pvt Ltd . OWNED BY E. N. COMMUNICATIONS PVT. LTD. NOIDA HEAD OFFICE: A -9, Sector-68, Gautam Buddh Nagar, NOIDA (U.P.) - 201309 Phone: +9 1-0120-2471400-432 ; Fax: + 91- 0120-2471411 e-mail: editor@viewsonnewsonline.com, website: www.viewsonnewsonline.com MUMBAI OFFICE: Arshie Complex, B-3 & B4, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri, Mumbai-400058 RANCHI OFFICE: House No. 130/C, Vidyalaya Marg, Ashoknagar, Ranchi-834002. LUCKNOW OFFICE: First floor, 21/32, A, West View, Tilak Marg, Hazratganj, Lucknow-226001. PATNA OFFICE: Sukh Vihar Apartment, West Boring Canal Road, New Punaichak, Opposite Lalita Hotel, Patna-800023. ALLAHABAD OFFICE: Leader Press, 9-A, Edmonston Road, Civil Lines, Allahabad-211 001.

4 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

LEDE

Lion-hearted Crusader

Kumar Ketkar speaks to SOMI DAS on his disillusionment with a media driven by money and power and why he can never side with the Right-wing

SPOTLIGHT

The plague of plagiarism BIKRAM VOHRAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s acerbic commentary on writers and journalists getting away with content thievery in the name of research

T E N T S 20 Pages of Hindi Section

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INVESTIGATION

SOCIAL MEDIA

Scam in the times of tragedy

Tweets that boomeranged

An extensive investigation by ProPublica and NPR reveals startling facts about Red Cross’ bungled relief efforts post-Hurricane Sandy and Isaac

Much ado about nothing

Why is the Indian media obsessed with Prime Minister Modi not making it to Time’s Person of the Year Cover?

Image over substance

VISHWAS KUMAR puts into perspective the need for understanding cyber laws following a Bangalore techie landing up in jail for lauding jehad on Twitter

ESSAY

HAWK EYE

MP Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan is hunting for a PR firm to improve his national and international image on the lines of PM Narendra Modi. Reports RAKESH DIXIT

Passive heroines

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TANUSHREE VENKATRAMAN’s in-depth analysis about the docile depiction of women in Amar Chitra Katha comics

R E G U L A R S

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VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 5

EDIA-GO-ROUND

HuffingtonPost taps Indian market THE HUFFINGTONPOST, an American news website, has partnered with Times Internet Ltd., to strike the English media market in India. The website, www.huffingtonpost.in, went live on December 8. With an overwhelming 243.2 million internet users (mid-2014 figures) estimated to increase to 500 million by 2018, India is the second largest English speaking country in the world, after the US. So, it didn’t come as a surprise when the online news giant decided to launch a dedicated news-cum-blogging platform for Indians to grab the latest news and views. With an advertising-supported business model, www.huffingtonpost.in should have a wonderful start, having pre-sold its year’s advertising inventory to a British ad agency WPP.

Live from Jail THE PRISONERS OF Yerwada Central Prison (YCP), Pune, these days eagerly wait for their happy hour from noon to 1 p.m. The sound of ‘Welcome to Radio YCP’ over the public address system spreads joy among the convicts, who love listening to the community radiocast. Radio YCP is a unique community radio

initiative, spearheaded by jail superintendent Yogesh Desai. The interactive radio, anchored by two RJs, among the convicts, includes songs on demand, studio interviews of invited personalities and problem-solving sessions by counselors for the inmates. The live programme is designed for the inmates to realise their creative potential. Surprisingly, actor Sanjay Dutt, who is serving his sentence for his role in the 1993 Mumbai blasts in YCP, declined to play RJ at the prison, despite having played the role of a radio co-host in the famous film Lage Raho Munna Bhai.

Too good to miss

TOI tale

IT WAS A story too good to be missed. In a report published by The News of Pakistan, The Times of India (TOI) was slammed for lifting thousands of classified ads from the Deccan Chronicle and printing them for free. As reported by rediff.com, “The advertisements were not only lifted from Deccan Chronicle, but even the contact addresses were not changed. A Times of India advertisement was advising interested parties to contact Deccan Chronicle!” Spreading like wildfire, this news has embarrassed the Indian media house on a global platform. The website wearethebest.wordpress.com cited by New York Times, New Yorker and Bloomsburg for this report said: “Nothing is impossible in the merry world of Indian journalism.”

Modi criticizes media over pre-decided answers THE INDIAN MEDIA received a good rap from the Prime Minister at a gathering to mark 21 years of the popular TV show Aap ki Adalat, hosted by Rajat Sharma. Criticising the media, Narendra Modi said: “In most of the interviews, the person asking the questions has already decided the answers. He will not let you go unless you give him the answer he wants. Once you have given the answer they want, they lose interest in you.” Modi praised Aap ki Adalat for not forcing answers on the guests. A number of dignitaries including President Pranab Mukherjee and Union Minister Arun Jaitley were present on the occasion.

6 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

S THE WORLD TURNS

Buzzfeed on a roll THE WEBSITE BUZZFEED is on a roll. Once known for the hottest social trending content on the web, it has been breaking huge stories and winning prestigious journalism awards. Buzzfeed News, along with CNN and Recode, will be honored with the National Press Foundation awards in February. Even some of the older media companies are threatened now by its existence. Robert Thomson, CEO of News Corp, taking a shot at Buzzfeed said: “Anyone can attract traffic, but there is trash traffic, and there is real traffic.” Charles Dixon, who joined the Buzzfeed board as part of Andreessen Horowitz’s $50 million investment earlier this year, has not been effected by such rebukes. He thinks the website has a bright future. “Buzzfeed is one of a handful of [media] companies that has really embraced the internet instead of fighting it,” he told Quartz.

TV host breaks down live on air

Journalists followed by world leaders JOURNALISTS are the stars of all the news hungry people in the world. Even world leaders follow them. Twiplomacy, a site devoted to how the most influential world figures use Twitter, found out which news offices and journalists are most followed by world leaders on Twitter. New York Times turned out to be the most popular news source, with 22 percent of 647 world leaders following it. Reuters Top News, CNN Breaking

News, The Economist, and BBC News (World) also made to the top five, in that order. As for the journalists, the top spot went to CNN’s Christiane Amanpour followed by 69 world leaders. CNN’s Fareed Zakaria placed second, followed by Nick Kristof, Paul Krugman, and Tom Friedman, all from The New York Times. This shows that responsible journalists indeed have a following and are noticed in the corridors that matter.

SUNRISE HOST Natalie Barr broke down live on air as she discovered one of the Sydney siege victims Katrina Dawson was the sister of her friend. Sunrise is an Australian breakfast television programme, broadcast on Seven Network. Natalie broke down as she named the two victims Katrina Dawson, a 38-year-old mother of three and

Tori Johnson, a 34-year-old café manager, who died after the police officers stormed the Lindt café in the heart of Sydney’s business district. Natalie knew Katrina personally, as she had also done some work for Channel Seven. Gunman Man Haron Monis, a refugee from Iran, was killed by the police to end the siege.

Pulitzer Prize Winner

Oscar Hijuelos passes away OSCAR HIJUELOS, a Cuban-American Novelist who won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction for his book, The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love, died on December 12, 2014, in Manhattan. A sudden cardiac arrest on the tennis court took his life away at the age of 62. Born in Manhattan, the novelist used to write about the life of the immigrants adapting to the new culture of the United States from a sympathetic, occasionally amused perspective with a keen eye for detail in his period settings. Some of his widely appreciated works include Our House in the Last World (1983) and The Fourteen Sisters of Emilio Montez O’Brien (1993). VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 7

Shabash Reporter

Peshawar’s barbaric gunmen REPORTER— Shafiq Ahmed CHANNEL— Times Now eshawar was witness to terror in its worst form on December 16 as seven Taliban gunmen attacked an army school and killed nearly 141 people, out of which 132 were school children. The entire world condemned the barbaric attack on innocent school children. The families of the victims brought home caskets of their dead children, killed in their school uniform. The spine-chilling images flashed in the media of one of the most horrific terror attacks in

recent times. STORY: An exclusive live report from the place of action. The terrifying operation was going on and 17 blasts were heard. Terrorists were still inside the school and the situation was critical. TREATMENT: Brave attempt by the reporter, right at the scene of the terror. He got stuck at a few points and jumped his words but that’s expected when you are reporting live on a horrifying, devastating gruesome attack. USP: The insightful reporting was packed with detailed minute-to-minute information that kept trickling in, holding the viewer’s attention.

Politics of conversion REPORTER— Jugal Hansraj CHANNEL— Headlines Today

gra’s fifty-odd ragpicker couples were taken aback when they attended a small ceremony hosted by Bajrang Dal on December 8. The forced conversion row was a big blow on the secular image of the country. STORY: The rag picker shanties at Agra’s Ved Nagar were unexpectedly catapulted to national spotlight when fifty odd families were allegedly forced to convert. The BJP was caught red

faced as the drama unfolded in media glare. The saddest part was the way the different political parties saw it as foddder to boost their party’s fortunes. TREATMENT: Brave attempt by the reporter as he tried to portray the entire issue with all its hidden facts and behind-the-scene story. The visuals were good and complemented Jugal Hansraj’s objective account. USP: The reporter’s choice of pithy phrases and unique way of ending his reports keeps him above the normal run-of-the-mill reporters.

Sydney’s tryst with terror REPORTER— David Wright CHANNEL— ABC News

he Sydney chocolate cafe hostage crisis that shook the town and left three people dead, including gunman Man Haron Monis, had the world gaze focusing on terror, as the year was drawing to an end. Award winning correspondent David Wright reported from the ground in Australia. STORY : The unexpected Sydney hostage crisis at the Lindt café, that went on for nearly 16 hours, and was foiled by commandoes eventually, teetered the 8 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

peace of the town on the morning of December 15, as victims included women and children. TV images showed hostages streaming out of the café. Some were taken out in stretchers as sirens of ambulances and police vehicles wailed intermittently. Even as three people, including the hostage taker died, and four others were injured, Prime Minister Tony Abbot was left visbly moved and shaken with this “brush of terrorism”.

TREATMENT : The reportage would have helped if it had included an interview of any of the hostages, but still it was a commendable effort by David Wright, who walked the tightrope of sensitivity and courage in an unfortunate incident. USP : The tight narrative was packed with detailed information and hugely compelling visuals.

Anchor Review

Barkha in top form

arkha Dutt, the host of The “Buck Stops Here” on NDTV, was in top form last week. She had two exclusive and insightful interviews with two women news-makers. On December 16, she interviewed Sharmistha Mukherjee, the erudite daughter of President Pranab Mukherjee. Sharmistha, who is a dancer, spoke on a range of issues, including her forays into politics just before the Delhi elections, her father’s not-soexplosive book, The Dramatic Decade: The Indira Gandhi Years, Rahul Gandhi’s leadership and whether she felts disheartened that her father never became the PM. The best part about the interview

was that Barkha had several inside details about the person she was interviewing. For instance, she knew that Pranab maintained little diaries with details about his private and public life, which Sharmistha had access to. The next day, Barkha interviewed Tulsi Gabbard, the only Hindu member of the US Congress. It was delightful to watch due to the personal rapport they shared. But then, Barkha has the ability to make people feel quite at home. They exchanged garlands in the beginning of the interview and then, went on to talk about the importance of religion and flaws in the US foreign policy.

No originality

Entertainment at its best

aurav Sawant, the strategic affairs editor of Headlines Today, hosts bulletins and is also seen anchoring prime time shows in the absence of the channel’s lead anchors, Rajdeep Sardesai and Rahul Kanwal. He can comfortably moderate debates on national security, war and the army. However, his anchoring lacks an original style. He tries too hard to either be an Arnab Goswami or his own colleague, Rahul Kanwal. Rating-****** Gaurav has potential. But as he tries to ape popular anchors, the TMM VON team will give him a 6/10

Rating- ******** For her smooth performance, Barkha deserves a generous 8/10 from the TMM VON team.

ajeev Masand, CNN IBN’s film critic, also hosts the entertainment show, “Now Showing”. His show is a one-stop shop for all film lovers. He begins the weekend show with reviews of the latest releases, then interviews a film personality and finally, gives a glimpse of another show that he hosts, “The Roundtable”. Here, actors, directors and producers discuss the processes and challenges of film-making. One can easily bet money on Masand’s reviews. And the plus point

about them is that he finds something positive even in a bad film and gives you reason to watch it. Not a very harsh critic. He ends his episodes with fun film contests and showers goodies on the winners. Rating-******* Masand’s well-rounded show and anchoring style gets 8/10 from the TMM VON team.

Business made easy

arma Paljor’s special business show on CNN IBN, “CEO of life”, is a good initiative to celebrate the achievements of Indian business heads of MNCs. Last week , he interviewed the South Asian head of software company Adobe Umang Bedi. Equipped with good research, Paljor

asked Bedi how he intends to make the software viable for the smart-phone crazy Indian. Paljor phrased his questions in such a manner that the business show turned out to be quite informative even for lay men. Rating-******* He should get 7/10 from the TMM VON team. VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 9

Lede Kumar Ketkar

“IT IS DIFFICULT TO SEE A NEW MEDIA DAWN” In a candid interview, KUMAR KETKAR takes a swipe at media personnel intoxicated by the heady drug of money and power KUMAR KETKAR is a veteran journalist who has dabbled with the printed word for nearly 40 years. He began his career as a reporter in The Economic Times and was chief editor of Express Group’s Loksatta for a long time. Till last year he was the chief editor of Dainik Divya Marathi. A vocal critic of the extreme right-wing, he has been attacked several times by fringe elements. In 2008, his house was vandalized by Shiv Sangram Sangathan activists because he wrote an editorial criticizing the Maharashtra government’s decision to erect a 309-ft statue of Shivaji in the Arabian Sea off Marine Drive. His detractors call him a Gandhi stooge for defending the family tooth-and-nail despite all their defeats and failures. However, he tells SOMI DAS that he has no qualms in declaring himself a true Nehruvian.

In your article, “An Ode To Climate Change Predictions”, you say: “The debate on Emergency is often conducted without taking into account the chaos, anarchy and challenge to the state which had forced Mrs Gandhi’s hands.” Can Emergency ever be justified in a democratic nation? The declaration of Emergency on June 26, 1975, is considered the darkest period in Indian democracy. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi addressed the nation on June 26 morning and apologetically but firmly said she was forced to take some very harsh steps to prevent the country from descending into 10 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

anarchy and challenge to the state authority. A democratically elected state cannot and must not allow total breakdown of order, which can threaten the unity and integrity of the country. This was the import of her speech. But it is necessary to look into that dark period in a comprehensive manner. Many liberals, intellectuals, journalists, historians and politicians severely criticized Indira Gandhi for imposing draconian measures which took away the democratic, civil and human rights of people. This criticism is valid. Indeed, Congressmen hardly ever utter the "E" word, fearing that they will be perceived as defending the dictatorship. This is true even of those who otherwise eulogize her for her

Lede Kumar Ketkar

Critics of the Emergency describe Modi as a "benevolent dictator". It’s not clear what makes him benevolent, though his style is dictatorial. Comparisons between Indira and Modi are odious. great leadership qualities and her statesmanship. However, the declaration of Emergency is mostly interpreted as Indira Gandhi's inherent dictatorial tendency, her desire to stay in power by hook or by crook, her hidden agenda of imposing the GandhiNehru dynasty on the party and on the country, and as a kind of psychological response to her political-personal insecurity. Anybody who questions some of these interpretations is instantly blacked out of the debate and condemned as the "defender of the Gandhi-Nehru dynasty" or "supporter of authoritarian rule". OPINION MAKERS Ketkar at an event with Arnab Goswami and Rajdeep Sardesai discussing media’s role in Narendra Modi’s victory

Narendra Modi is also seen as dictatorial, but more often than not, he is lauded for ruling with an iron hand. It is ironic that those who condemn Indira Gandhi

12 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

for being "dictatorial and autocratic" have embraced Narendra Modi, ideologically and physically, so much that they flaunt selfie images with him and proudly circulate them. Some of those who were (and are) eloquent critics of the Emergency today argue that "India actually needs a dictator like him" who undermines the media and parliament. He is also fondly described by the critics of the Emergency as a kind of "benevolent dictator". It is not clear what makes him benevolent, though it is obvious that his style is dictatorial. The comparison between Indira and Modi is particularly odious when it comes from some media persons and the Sangh Parivar. It is another matter that no one from the Sangh Parivar had ever participated in the freedom struggle. Of course, they regard going to jail during the Emergency as participation in the "second freedom struggle". Why the so-called “second freedom” collapsed in just over two years and had Indira Gandhi coming back with a stunning majority in 1980, is not even adequately understood or explained. How did you as a journalist deal with press censorship at that time?

I was then a reporter in The Economic Times. I remember distinctly how The Evening News published with super bold font the arrests of Jaiprakash, Morarji and other leaders. But before all the copies were printed, the rotary machines were stopped "by order". Only a few copies were sold on the streets. The staff inside got the copy, which later became a collector's item. The Indian Express was at war with Indira Gandhi, almost since JP descended on the political scene. During the peak period of the movement, JP stayed at the penthouse of Express Towers and reporters would meet him there. Ramnath Goenkaji used to be with JP, of course. But Goenka was NOT in the shadow of JP, though it often appeared as if JP was in awe of Ramnathji. The Indian Express published virtually anything, which could help "destroy" Indira and her regime. Though I was working in the Times Group, like most journalists, I, too, avidly read The Express. But I did not appreciate the aggressive, bordering on recklessness, political line of The Indian Express. It was a campaign, even pamphleteering, but was not journalism, I thought. Nevertheless, Ramnathji became an icon. I believed, and even today, feel that the Emergency became inevitable because of the no-holds barred, violent and irresponsible movements in the most difficult times of the country. However, as a journalist and as an activist in the trade union movement, I did not support the suppression of our rights and press censorship. As a media person, I felt suffocated, though I was never at the receiving end, being just a reporter. But as an activist, the atmosphere was oppressive. In the same article (An ode…) you say: “The media has always been supportive of or soft towards anti-Congress forces”. But the majority of right-wing supporters have vociferously targeted the media for being “news traders”, “Congress stooges”, or “paid media” and mostly pro-Congress. What is your reaction?

I do not think the RSS and Shiv Sena have grown as much as the media projects them to be…saner and secular people are more in number, but are neither vocal nor organized. The media in India has a natural inclination to be against the Congress. There are many reasons. * In the fifties and sixties, the media meant only the press. Less than 10 business houses owned most of the newspapers. The owners, understandably, did not like the socialist rhetoric of the Congress. They advocated free trade, opposed public sector, was pro-West or pro-US, while the ruling establishment was pro-Soviet Union, was soft on the Jan Sangh and often, endorsed the Swatantra Party, which stridently stood for private capital. So, the tone in the press was sharply anti-Congress. * Journalists do have their political proclivities even if they often claim to be "objective". A large majority come from the middle classes, and these days, higher middle class and upper castes. Culturally and politically, they find psychological compatibility with the Right, ie conservative Right, mainly, with the Sangh Parivar. And with market forces, private sector and the West, mainly the US. The Congress ethos was neither with the conservative right nor with the "market Right". First generation journalists came from the lower middle class and some of their families had some association with the freedom movement and their icon was Pandit Nehru. But in the seventies, the trend changed and the so-called "anti-establishment" (read anti-Congress) mood became the dominant feature. The Emergency finally sealed the media perception and it decisively took anti-Congress postures. * As a result, anybody taking an anti-opposition position became a Congress stooge. Anybody who was not stridently cynical or critical of the "Family" became a Gandhi-Nehru chamcha. Congress VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 13

Lede Kumar Ketkar

was seen as an "old" and "old fashioned" party. Rajiv Gandhi enjoyed positive perception for a brief period, but later, even he came under vicious attack. * The advent of social media further expanded the attack on the Congress because initially, the class that enjoyed the access to this new medium was either conservative right or governed by the NRI (read Indians in America) mindset. But social media is still dominated by conservativism, jingoism, xenophobia, perverted attraction towards Hitler, and here, Nathuram Godse, Hindutva and so on. When the two Rights (conservative and market) came together, they produced the Modi phenomenon. Journalists these days are communicating with their readers through blogs and Twitter. Why have you stayed away from

BEST IN THE BUSINESS Despite being a regular on news debates, Ketkar feels TV news doesn’t have much to offer. NDTV’s Nidhi Razdan and Ravish Kumar, he says, stand out in a crowd of aggressive anchors

social media? Mainly because I find people getting addicted to it. More importantly, I have observed that people keep composing smart tweets, more to impress others than to make an important and polemical point. Moreover, it has become a self-fulfilling activity -- "I tweet, so I exist". I don't want to fall into that trap of narcissism. I am also not on WhatsApp or Facebook. I feel I should be. But so far, because of time and mood, I have resisted the temptation. Inertia is another reason. Moreover, I have bought many books, which I don't think I will be able to read in this lifetime. So, I prefer to read than tweet. But social media is powerful. We saw how Tarun Tejpal had to be uninvited from TOI Lit fest because of harsh reactions on the social media. You were are part of the event.What do you have to say about about the whole controversy? I feel that Tarun Tejpal is being politically victimized. That does not make him innocent or does not mean he deserves total acquittal. But the campaign against him is not only because he compromised with morality and behaved crudely ( and stupidly), but also because it suited the Sangh Parivar politics. If the question of morality was so paramount to the media, then why the press has not hounded Amit Shah for Snoopgate? Why has the Ishrat Jahan case been forgotten? Why is there a massive whitewash over 2002 killings in Gujarat? Why nobody is questioning the source of money for Narendra Modi’s campaign? Tarun Tejpal issue at the Times Litfest was blown out of proportion. However, we see you on prime time TV. How has the experience been and who is your favorite anchor? Well, actually, prime time debates are not intellectually very productive. Nobody is able to make a proper comment or full observation. At the end of the debate, one is not any wiser on the issue. Then, why do I go? I have a point to make, which, I am

14 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

generally sure, nobody will make. Panelists tend to be pompous, argumentative, strident and intolerant. Actually, it is also a test of one's patience. However, I refuse to go if I do not have definitive view, opinion or comment. Also I stick to the subjects I am interested in. My favorite anchor is Nidhi Razdan in English, Ravish in Hindi and Nikhil Wagle in Marathi. I am a panelist in these three languages. You have always been critical of the Sangh and the Shiv Sena. Seeing the current scenario, do you feel they have grown powerful in imposing their views? I am, by conviction, Nehruvian, though that is not exactly an ideology. I am a Marxist in the discipline of thinking, and believe in the Gandhian approach to integrity of personality. This is a strange mix, but that is what it is. Therefore, and because of my interest in science, I cannot appreciate or support anything that is irrational, fanatic, narrow, jingoistic and divisive. That is why I cannot have a comfortable relationship with organizations which promote chauvinistic and narrow agendas. I do not think the RSS and Shiv Sena have grown as much as the media projects them to be. They have expanded their base just as many sectarian ideologies, fundamentalist organizations and fanatic people have become more vocal, loud and even obscene. There is an in-built violence in that. Saner and secular people are more in number, but are neither vocal nor organized. There is nothing like "militant secularism" or "aggressive liberalism". Why did these tendencies grow? Primarily because those who believed in a progressive, secular and liberal view did not think that there was growing support to these divisive ideologies. Secondly, across the world, one has seen an almost quantum rise in wealth with "unearned" incomes, rise of the new middle class, arrogance of the neo-rich and hyped self-image. For such classes, narrow and sectarian ideologies are compatible.

Are journalists today more politically correct and aware of the consequences of their political stand? Yes, like in all professions, even the media prefers to play it safe and avoid confrontations with those who have muscle or money power. They become ideology-neutral and maintain personal status and hierarchy. Yet another factor is the incomes of media persons. When I joined journalism nearly 45 years back, salaries of journalists in Mumbai were on par with textile workers and BEST drivers. We formed unions, went on strikes for better wages, working conditions and facilities. Even senior editors did not enjoy high salaries and grand perks. Today, salaries and perks, at least up to the middle level are (often unjustifiably) high. This is coupled with hi-fi status and access to those in political, corporate or institutional power. That is a heady drug and not easy for most to sacrifice. With more and more corporate houses buying media businesses, journalists can't afford to disturb the status-quo with these powers. With media influencing not only opinions, but also investments and policies, it is difficult to see a new media dawn. Media has made news into a commodity. Everybody wants easy consensus. I am not pessimistic by nature, but this is the reality.

UNNECESSARY HYPE Ketkar says the TOI LitfestTarun Tejpal controversy was blown out of proportion

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January 7, 2015 15

Spotlight Plagiarism

If you borrow from one person, you are guilty of plagiarism. If you borrow from many, it is research.

HE said she was from Poland. I don’t know anyone in Poland but it was one of those slow news days when the senior well-paid assistant editors do “standard edits” for the Opinion Page. These are rehashed exercises in self-plagiarised pap. Like wildlife, pollution, global warming, traffic safety, corruption, the weight of children’s satchels and other such riveting stuff. The same drivel pumped through another pipe. Anyway, I digress. Courtesy the slow news day, I took the call. The lady from Warsaw was miffed. Actually, more than miffed, she was righteously indignant and not because she was paying for the call.

No one bats an eye over plagiarism. After all, “everybody does it”. But the issue here is of integrity, of being honest. Sadly, few think one should get one’s knickers in a twist over this issue BY BIKRAM VOHRA

THE PLAGUE OF

Amitava Sen

16 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

PLAGIARISM

Your paper, she said in a voice quivering with outrage, carried my story “verd to verd” by another person. It is not an accusation one takes lightly and so I order an inquiry. Sure enough, the lady staffer in question had stolen every single word from another article written three years earlier. I order a check on her and we discover the last 17 byline pieces are stolen in most eclectic a fashion. From Warsaw to Washington. A gentle request for a resignation is met with shock and disbelief, followed by rising pique and indignation. She gives me a defence worthy of the best lawyer: everyone does it. WHAT’S THE BIG DEAL? If I was asked to offer odds on how many of journalists plagiarize copy, I’d cheerfully give 10 to 1 on it being over 60 percent of anyone’s editorial staff. The curious part is that most of them do not think of it as wrong. Whenever I have been confronted with a case, there has been this “so what’s the big deal, everyone does it” defence, as if it was mere bagatelle and the search engines of the Net were some sort of cosmic every man’s land from where you could steal with impunity. Seeing as how we still work in an environment where press releases are dutifully reproduced in identical format with different bylines in different papers and seen as perfectly legitimate, it is difficult to explain to such a mind how wrong it is. In the case of Fareed Zakaria’s robbery from The New Yorker for his piece on gun control, the chances are that when you work in the rare stratosphere of raw fourth estate power, you tend to harness interns to do your scut work or what us old salts call research. And you do it on trust. If you are the sort who dines with Hillary Clinton and chews the fat with David Cameron, you can’t be that stupid as to swipe stuff from a top drawer magazine which many of your readers access. Anonymity is the key to safe plagiarism.

Then you get away with it. And two years later, a slew of discoveries indict you for having done more of the same. Yet, no one shows tangible evidence. The ripple effect has been on since August and is now heating up again. A soaring career shot down like a Spitfire. More recently, we have the Chetan Bhagat issue where his new book, Half-Girlfriend, is allegedly ripped off a Dr Birbal Jha play called Englishia Boli. It has been reported that the author is being offered a job by a film-maker. FOURTH ESTATE SLOTH The odd thing is that accusations of plagiarism are taken lightly by the media, a passing story, perhaps because so many of them do just that. It is an acidic commentary on fourth estate sloth that no one has read both books and made the comparison. Everyone is quoting everyone else but there is no

India allows books, movies and songs to be pirated even though there are technical fiats against it. The tolerance level is so high that it makes a mockery of guarding your works.

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January 7, 2015 17

Spotlight Plagiarism

The law on intellectual property are nebulous at the best and there are no genuine penalties imposed. We have 83-odd legislative pieces of paper on official record offering fragile protection.

COPYCAT Fareed Zakaria was briefly suspended by CNN and The Washington Post after he admitted to have lifted portions from a New York Times article on gun control

one who has said, okay, read both, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true, it is a lie, there is so much common, there is a world of difference. Go figure. Plagiarism cannot be denied. If 75 words are in the same damn order, the odds are either lots of monkeys or you were cogging. Until intellectual property and copyright protection came into being in their flimsy fashion, creative juices were energized by the Black Book, Google, Clipart, whatever you could grab and rework from this wonderful machine called the computer without any concern for consequences. They werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t any. That attitude has not gone away. The laws on intellectual property are nebulous at best and there are no genuine penalties imposed. It is still a bit of a lark. We have 83-odd legislative pieces of paper on official record offering fragile protection. India allows books and movies and songs to be pirated even though there are technical fiats against it. The tolerance level is so high that it makes a mockery of guarding your rights to your works. Ergo, Dr Jha will get no joy. By some curious chemistry and the conspiracy of

guilt in the media, he will become a nuisance, period. Legal aid is also dubious. You could age like good whisky before your case came up in the court, so every accusation is a one week soar-and-sink sensation. No one truly cares to see it as a crime. It is a sobering thought that India comes last in top 25 economies of the world for protecting logos, copyrights, slogans, articles, books and is way behind the curve on Internet manipulation. It is just not seen as cheating and our knock-off industry thrives. On a larger frame, the bloggers of the world are the keepers at the gate. Their ability to suss out a suspect story that resonates and leak it into the ether and the extent of their bonding is currently the only real deterrent to keeping media honest. They are our best bet. But even they pay the price since there is this general belief that bloggers have no rights, are not real people and cannot take action. Since some of them are brilliant writers, swiping their material is often irresistible and many of them do not have the wherewithal to fight legal wars. One well-known journalist wrote an in-depth piece on prostitution in India, tracing it back a hundred years. A few of the paragraphs had an almost lyrical cadence to them. The effort was widely praised. One elderly gentleman in a village in Andhra Pradesh had a copy of a book written in the 19th century about a girl who was forced into the profession. It was lyrical. Suffice it to say he was the only man with that book who came forward with the original version. What were the odds that this issue of the magazine would reach him? Word-to-word copied into the write-up. TOO REMOTE Assuming that dozens of writers hack away at the search engine and cut and paste lines and paras with connecting words, how do so many get away? Largely because they are

18 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

so isolated in our part of the world that the connect from the original to them is just too remote and then they learn to camouflage. Here is a three-point game plan that most of them use. They steal from the 20th page onwards of the site. Like they won’t pick up the first 10 top pages, but burrow deep into the background. Go for the 400th article on gun control and Fareed would still be dining at the White House. They steal from unknowns or, as I said, bloggers who really could not be bothered to pursue legal action. They change key words through online synonyms. This is known as reworking the copy. One well-known paper okayed a four-page layout of a fashion exhibition with a Danny Boyle version of A Midsummer Night’s Dream. On 110 gms art paper center-fold. On impulse, the editor just sieved it on the Net and discovered the photographer lived in the Far East and this spread that was going to print was his website portfolio. Like with all crimes, the criminals leave enough evidence on the scene like replicating the thought process or underscoring their assault on originality by leaving the sequence dramatically the same. Some phrases are missed out as they sanitize and even these can be traced by loading them into a search mode. The cleverer ones just put it in quotes and hope

to cover their required length that much sooner. “Ctrl C and Ctrl V. Done.” Is there a way to combat this? Yes, to an extent, the matter can be checked out by putting part of it through a search. I once plagiarized myself from the Net and was updating a piece…when I put two paras into Google, the original came up. A good section head needs to do that even though no one appreciates how time consuming it is and how it bruises morale, especially for the ones who are honest. You point a flinty finger every day, who wants to work for you? Catch-22 time. It has to be said when you have been in this business long enough, you can sense something is out of kilter. That staffer could not possibly have written this stuff, whirr whirr, there goes the warning antenna. Just don’t overlook it. If we do not drum the cheats out and let them get away with it, they will ruin the profession…or what is left of it.

BEST SELLER R RIP-OFF? Chetan Bhagat’s best selling book, Half-Girlfriend, is allegedly a rip-off of Englishia Boli, a play written by Dr Birbal Jha

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January 7, 2015 19

Investigation Red Cross

THE RED CROSS’

SECRET

N 2012, two massive storms pounded the United States, leaving hundreds of thousands of people homeless, hungry or without power for days and weeks. Americans did what they so often do after disasters. They sent hundreds of millions of dollars to the Red Cross, confident their money would ease the suffering left behind by Superstorm Sandy and Hurricane Isaac. They believed the charity was up to the job. They were wrong. The Red Cross botched key elements of its mission after Sandy and Isaac, leaving behind a trail of unmet needs and acrimony, according to an investigation by ProPublica and NPR. The charityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s shortcomings were detailed in confidential reports and internal emails, as well as accounts from current and former disaster relief specialists. Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s more, Red Cross officials at national head-

Through internal documents and exclusive interviews, investigative reporters from ProPublica and NPR uncover a bungled relief effort after Hurricane Sandy and PR-driven decision-making during Hurricane Isaac BY JUSTIN ELLIOTT, JESSE EISINGER, AND LAURA SULLIVAN, COURTESY PROPUBLICA

DISASTER VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 21

Investigation Red Cross

TWO VERSIONS Red Cross CEO Gail McGovern said the group’s relief efforts were flawless Richard Rieckenberg (below), a former disaster expert with the Red Cross, says the charity cares about the “appearance of aid, not actually delivering it”

quarters in Washington, D.C. compounded the charity’s inability to provide relief by “diverting assets for public relations purposes,” as one internal report puts it. Distribution of relief supplies, the report said, was “politically driven.” During Isaac, Red Cross supervisors ordered dozens of trucks usually deployed to deliver aid to be driven around nearly empty instead, “just to be seen,” one of the drivers, Jim Dunham, recalls. “We were sent way down on the Gulf with noth-

The charity’s problems left some victims vulnerable to harm. Handicapped victims “slept in their wheelchairs for days” because the charity had not secured proper cots.

22 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

ing to give,” Dunham says. The Red Cross’ relief effort was “worse than the storm.” During Sandy, emergency vehicles were taken away from relief work and assigned to serve as backdrops for press conferences, angering disaster responders on the ground. Supervisors ordered dozens of trucks usually deployed to deliver aid to be driven around nearly empty instead, “just to be seen.” After both storms, the charity’s problems left some victims in dire circumstances or vulnerable to harm, the organization’s internal assessments acknowledge. Handicapped victims “slept in their wheelchairs for days” because the charity had not secured proper cots. In one shelter, sex offenders were “all over including playing in children’s area” because Red Cross staff “didn’t know/follow procedures.” According to interviews and documents, the Red Cross lacked basic supplies like food, blankets and batteries to distribute to victims in the days just after the storms. Sometimes, even when supplies were plentiful, they went to waste. In one case, the Red Cross had to throw out tens of thousands of meals because it couldn’t find the people who needed them. The Red Cross marshalled an army of volunteers, but many were misdirected by the charity’s managers. Some were ordered to stay in Tampa long after it became clear that Isaac would bypass the city. After Sandy, volunteers wandered the streets of New York in search of stricken neighborhoods, lost because they had not been given GPS equipment to guide them. The problems stand in stark contrast to the Red Cross’ standing in the realm of disaster relief. President Obama, who is the charity’s honorary chairman, vouched for the group after Sandy, telling Americans to donate. “The Red Cross knows what they’re doing,” he said. Two weeks after Sandy hit, Red Cross Chief Executive Gail McGovern declared that the group’s relief efforts had been “near flawless.”

The group’s self-assessments, drawn together just weeks later, were far less congratulatory. “Multiple systems failed,” say minutes from a closed-door meeting of top officials in December 2012, referring to logistics. “We didn’t have the kind of sophistication needed for this size job,” noted a Red Cross vice president in the same meeting, the minutes say. Red Cross officials deny the group had made decisions based on public relations. They defend the Red Cross’ performance after Isaac and Sandy. “While it’s impossible to meet every need in the first chaotic hours and days of a disaster, we are proud that we were able to provide millions of people with hot meals, shelter, relief supplies and financial support during the 2012 hurricanes,” the charity wrote in a statement to ProPublica and NPR. The Red Cross says it has cultivated a “culture of openness” that welcomes frank self-evaluation and says it has improved its ability to handle urban disasters. One reform, the Red Cross says, moved nearly one-third of its “disaster positions” out of national headquarters and into the field, closer to the victims. But some Red Cross veterans say they see few signs the organization has made the necessary changes since Sandy and Isaac to respond competently the next time disaster hits. Richard Rieckenberg, who oversaw aspects of the Red Cross’ efforts to provide food, shelter and supplies after the 2012 storms, said the organization’s work was repeatedly undercut by its leadership. Top Red Cross officials were concerned only “about the appearance of aid, not actually delivering it,” Rieckenberg says. “They were not interested in solving the problem — they were interested in looking good. That was incredibly demoralizing.” The modern-day Red Cross was created by congressional charter more than a century ago and plays a unique part in responding to disasters. The iconic charity has a government mandate to work alongside the Federal Emergency Management

Agency in relief efforts. The Red Cross has endured patches of trouble in the recent past. It faced allegations of financial mismanagement after Sept. 11 and Hurricane Katrina and a series of chief executives were forced to resign. Congress forced an overhaul. The Red Cross recruited McGovern to the top job in 2008. McGovern had spent her career as an executive at AT&T and Fidelity and was teaching marketing at Harvard Business School. “This is a brand to die for,” she said in an early interview as the Red Cross’ chief executive.

Indeed, the Red Cross remains a magnet for wealthy and corporate contributors, drawing more than $1 billion in donations last year, including at least $1 million each from Lady Gaga, Nicolas Cage and the oilman T. Boone Pickens. When McGovern took the reins, she inherited a sprawling operation with hundreds of chapters across the country. The Red Cross has more than 26,000 employees. After a storm, the full-time staff mobilizes volunteers and a smaller corps of dis-

MUCH-NEEDED RELIEF Red Cross workers dispatching relief material post Hurricane Sandy

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January 7, 2015 23

Investigation Red Cross

“HOW DID YOU START INVESTIGATING THE RED CROSS”: Q & A WITH PROPUBLICA REPORTERS

roPublica’s Jesse Eisinger and Justin Elliott have been discussing the story with readers in the comments section of the story on the ProPublica website, on Facebook, and in an “Ask Me Anything” Q&A session on Reddit. Here are some highlights from the conversation: Q: How did you start investigating [the Red Cross]? Jesse: We started on this project because we got a tip, sometime in the spring. As it happens, we couldn't confirm that tip and didn't run a story on it. But we did realize in reporting it out that the Red Cross's disclosures were troublingly opaque. So we wrote that small story.

Justin started making public records requests and wrote several stories about that. As he was doing that excellent reporting, tips started pouring in. And then we got some of the documents. After that, it was a matter of confirming the documents, fleshing the story out, finding other sources, running everything we had by the Red Cross for their comments and the context. And writing! All slow and painstaking, alas. And so unsexy. We need to start meeting sources in garages or something.

attempting to have occur by your "exposé?” Justin: Our primary goal was to tell the story of what really happened with the Red Cross’ responses to Sandy and Isaac. And that's what we did, based largely on the charity's own high-level internal assessments and accounts of multiple Red Cross officials on the ground as well as victims and government officials ... We're certainly aware that the Red Cross has other programs besides responding to large disasters (its huge blood business, responding to small house fires, et al). Our focus was on the large disasters of 2012.

Q: I am proud to be in Red Cross and also agree with some (but not all) of what you have written … What is the outcome you are

Q: How many Red Cross workers did you interview? Did they have positive things to say?

During Isaac, Red Cross supervisors ordered dozens of trucks usually deployed to deliver aid to be driven around nearly empty instead, “just to be seen,” one of the drivers, Jim Dunham, recalls. aster relief experts, known as reservists. While often praised as a stabilizing presence by those outside the Red Cross, McGovern initiated a series of changes inside the organization that roiled the venerable charity. She executed layoffs and reorganizations that closed local chapters and centralized power at national headquarters in Washington. In part, these changes reflected several years of operating in the red. In its most recent year, the Red Cross ran a $70 million budget deficit. “Fundraising fell short of our target in a year without any huge national disasters,” McGovern wrote in a September email to executives. But McGovern’s moves alienated many longtime volunteers and reservists, current and former Red Cross officials say. “I believe the reorganizations that have taken place are killing this organization,” says Bob 24 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

Scheifele, a veteran Red Cross disaster response expert who was on the ground after Isaac and Sandy. The Red Cross began to see the effects of McGovern’s changes in late August 2012, when Hurricane Isaac slammed into the Gulf Coast. The storm lingered over Mississippi and Louisiana, causing major flooding and more than $2 billion in damage. In some low-lying areas, residents had to be rescued from the rooftops of their submerged homes. The Red Cross mobilized hundreds of volunteers, equipment, emergency vehicles and supplies. But it couldn’t marshal them promptly enough to help many Isaac victims. When Rieckenberg arrived in Mississippi to help coordinate victim care, he witnessed the incident that so troubled Dunham, the emergency vehicle driver. An official gave the order to send out 80 trucks and emergency response vehicles — normally full of meals or supplies like diapers, bleach and paper towels — entirely empty or carrying a few snacks. The volunteers “were told to drive around and look like you’re giving disaster relief,” Rieckenberg says. The official was anticipating a visit by Red Cross brass and wanted to impress them with the

Justin: Jesse, Laura, and I interviewed dozens of people, including many Red Cross officials and volunteers, storm victims, and government officials. It was very difficult to find sources with positive things to say about the Red Cross’ responses to Sandy and Isaac. More importantly, multiple sources confirmed and fleshed out the Red Cross' own conclusions from its internal assessments. Q: Was getting this information [from the Red Cross] easier/harder versus a company such as a drug company or retailer? Jesse: The reporting on this was an interesting change for me, as someone who typically covers finance, banks and investment banks. Good people

wanted to speak to us about the Red Cross because they were concerned and wanted to make it a better organization. They held the Red Cross to high standards (properly). With banks, people don’t expect them to be philanthropic organizations. Uh, to put it mildly. Q: Did you get the sense that there is some kind of fundamental flaw in the idea of a disaster-relief agency or that the Red Cross is just run poorly? Jesse: Some disaster response experts we spoke to believe that it may be better for disaster response to be more localized. That way the responders can bring their local expertise to bear on the disaster. FEMA, by and large, is a coordinating agency. And

level of activity, he says. The disarray and deception in Mississippi made Rieckenberg “furious,” he recalls. Rieckenberg, 62, had spent his career as a nuclear engineer on a Navy sub during the Cold War. He joined the Red Cross after seeing the images of Katrina’s devastation. He was quickly promoted and became part of a select group of “Mass Care Chiefs.” In Red Cross lingo, “mass care” is the provision of food, shelter and supplies immediately after a disaster. When a serious storm was forecast anywhere in the country, Rieckenberg would get a call at his home outside Santa Fe and jump on a plane. Chiefs often work 18-hour days, setting up makeshift command centers in places like motel hallways, sometimes working without electricity. Jobs usually last a few weeks, beyond which chiefs risk burning out from exhaustion. As a reservist, Rieckenberg was paid small sums for responding to disasters. To be continued... (In Part 2- More on how financial crunch combined with emphasis on PR slowed down Red Cross’ response to Hurricane Isaac.) *This story has been co-produced with NPR. *Theodoric Meyer contributed reporting. *Justin Elliott has been a reporter with ProPublica

it has been run more effectively under the Obama administration than under the Bush administration. Recall "Heck of a job, Brownie!" after all. Q: I wonder what kind of salary the head of the Red Cross makes? Justin: Looks like CEO Gail McGovern got $628,000 in total compensation, per their public tax filing. Q: What do you think the response will be... with the next disaster? Jesse: Many people we spoke with said that given the re-organizations, lay-offs and disaffection among workers, reservists and volunteers, they are worried that the Red Cross is not well prepared for the next disaster.

since 2012, covering politics with a focus on money and influence. *Jesse Eisinger is a senior reporter at ProPublica, covering Wall Street and finance. He writes a regular column for the New York Times’s Dealbook section. *Laura Sullivan is a NPR News investigative correspondent whose work has cast a light on some of the country’s most disadvantaged people.

A PR EXERCISE? Red Cross CEO Gail McGovern speaks at a post-Sandy press conference on Staten Island with emergency response vehicles as backdrops

VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 25

Hawk Eye Bikram Vohra Time poll

THE COVER CONTROVERSY The furor over Time magazine not making our PM “Man of the Year” is both illogical and baffling. Grow up, guys, does it really matter? BY BIKRAM VOHRA

TWICE NOT LUCKY Modi had made it to Time cover in March 2012, when his name as the BJP’s prime ministerial candidate had just begun to be propped up

T is baffling why the Indian media is up in arms over Time magazine not considering Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi as their cover-page “Man of the Year”. Why should they? It is a private publication and it can do what it wants. Where is it written that its editors have to select Modi or anyone else? This rage is wrong at many levels. For one, who needs the approbation of a single American magazine and why fall for this trap as if we, as Indians, were in need of this approbation. Then again, why are so many writers expressing criticism and a sense of injury because he has not made it. Is it such a major issue that we have to be upset? So who made it to the cover of Time? The magazine selected the Ebola fighters, who fought to contain the deadliest Ebola outbreak in history, as its 2014 “Person of the Year”. It was in the fitness of things that these brave doctors, nurses, ambulance drivers and first responders, were put on its cover for having played an integral role in fighting the epidemic in West Africa. But in India, all we saw was a double standard. On the one hand, we castigate the US whenever we get the opportunity and are the first to jump onto our bandwagon of piety and criticize the American foreign policy. Then, suddenly, we employ the same country as the measure of worth and desperately need acknowledgement from it. Is it really such a vital honor to be on Time’s cover that we have to cavil over it being denied? It is like a needy student seeking the approval of the teacher. As non-issues go, this one is hard to beat and the media per se should grow up. You cannot tell me what to make for dinner in my home. By that token, you cannot whine about whom Time chooses or why. It is entirely their business and if you do not agree with the choice, don’t buy the magazine, but stop behaving as if the skies have fallen. It might be laughable that he wins the popularity poll conducted by the same magazine and

AKIN TO ELECTION RESULTS Indian media played up the “polling” for Time Man of the Year as if they were covering general elections

is then cut from the final eight contenders, but that is still Time’s prerogative and their panel or jury or whatever you wish to call it, is not duty-bound to accept the public poll. In any case, Time is of the opinion that the sheer number of Indians voting on Facebook loaded the dice in Modi’s favor and made it an unfair poll. Guys, it was Is it really your poll so stop covering up. But that such an honor said, do we really care? to be on

Time’s cover

y argument is very simple. It that we have is unimportant and India’s to cavil over it media should stop giving it being denied? so much attention. Until nations like It is like a India begin to see themselves as entities needy student that do not need to be propped up by scenarios of historical and colonial condiseeking the tioning, they will always come in second approval of best. The way we behave when some forthe teacher. eign country honors one of ours is almost pathetic on occasions and this is one of them. We do not need a baronet, we don’t want the key to a city, we are not seeking some honorary degree or title and if it comes our way, so be it, let’s keep it in perspective and say thanks very much, gracious of you and leave it at that. Some of the media is writing stuff as though the nation has been insulted by the elimination of Modi as a contender for the cover. Are you serious? Why are we falling into this trap? Simple response. Don’t put Obama on your cover. QED. VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015 27

PR Shivraj Singh Chouhan

Image Makeover In an attempt to give his state Madhya Pradesh a makeover, a la Gujarat, Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan has launched a hunt for a PR firm of international repute BY RAKESH DIXIT

adhya Pradesh (MP) doesn’t have much to write home about, if one considers its poor social indices and other parameters. But Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan would beg to differ as he feels that MP’s “growth story” deserves grand marketing at both the national and the international level. But first, the stark picture. MP has 31 percent of the population living below the poverty line, while 60 percent of its children are malnourished. It is also among the 10 poorest states in India. Though it has 20 percent growth rate in agriculture, this has not checked the spate of farmer suicides. While the consistent 11percent growth rate in the State Gross Domestic Product shines when held against the 5 percent growth rate at the national level, it is marred by a drop in the industrial sector in 2013—from 4.9 percent to 2.8 percent. Also, the much-vaunted Ladli Laxmi Yojana for upliftment of the

girl child has done precious little to obliterate the stigma of MP having among the worst infant and maternal mortality rates. There are also doubts about the state’s seriousness in tackling corruption after scores of Lokayukta raids on many officers. Worse, admission and recruitment scams (to medical colleges and for state government jobs respectively) involving BJP leaders have led to disillusionment about this government. FOLLOWING MODI It is no wonder that the thrice-elected chief minister is keen on an image makeover. His Man Friday and commissioner, public relations, SK Mishra, on his directive, has launched a hunt for a PR firm of international repute with a minimum turnover of Rs 50 crore to “position Madhya Pradesh as a leading state in India across sectors”. Chouhan, apparently, is tired of his low-profile, humble farmer image. Having ruled MP for over nine years, he wants to be seen and talked about as a development man, a la Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Incidentally, even after the new PR firm is engaged, the Department of Public Relations will re-

main intact. It has 50 members, including a commissioner and a director. Till 1980, this department was low-profile, but after the late Arjun Singh became CM, things changed. He appointed his closest confidant, IAS officer Sudeep Banerjee, as director, public relations, who changed the PR department into a high-profile one with lavish funds. As for Digvijay Singh, he hardly needed a PR department as his infectious guffaws were enough to charm scribes. He was also rather thick-skinned about criticism in the media. Coming back to Madhyam (as the Department of Public Relations is called), on December 1, it released the Request for Proposal document for selecting a new PR firm on its website. The document is almost identical to the one issued by the Gujarat government in June 2013, when Modi started pitching himself as BJP’s PM candidate. The tender floated by Madhyam has sought monthly targets for guaranteed, favorable coverage and all-expenses-paid trips for national and international journalists. Like the Gujarat government, it has a monthly target of “two major stories in national newspapers and TV channels and one

FAILED EFFORT? The Global Investment Summit in Indore, attended by the Ambani brothers, failed to create any buzz in the media. Only Modi’s speech at the forum got national coverage

PR Shivraj Singh Chouhan

story in national magazines”. Though Chouhan denies having ambitions at the national level, he has resolved to market the MP growth story as aggressively as Modi. PR BLITZKRIEG Madhyam’s managing director, SK Mishra, says: “This is the first time we are engaging a PR agency on this scale. As many state governments were hiring PR agencies, we did not want to be left behind.”

IMAGE MANAGEMENT MP doesn’t exactly shine on the various parameters of development. But Shivraj Singh Chouhan wants a rosy picture painted through a costly PR exercise

30 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

He admits that Modi’s PR blitzkrieg inspired the move. According to the RFP document, the PR firm will need to deploy a core team of 11 subject experts dedicated to MP. They should be based in Bhopal and New Delhi and include two social media experts and three media coordinators. The government will provide office space to the firm and a one-time grant of `10 lakh for setting it up. The timing of this PR exercise is significant. According to his media advisers, Chouhan feels now that he is all set to break the 10-year record of his predecessor, Digvijay Singh, his achievements deserve greater exposure at the national and international level. He feels that while the national press have mainly focused on agriculture growth in MP, other achievements have not got due attention. That, he feels, only a professional PR agency can do, say his media managers. Chouhan, however, is wary of comparing himself with Modi or MP with Gujarat, given the delicate relations between the two leaders. Frequent comparisons between them in the run-up to the Lok Sabha elections still weigh heavily on his mind. The fulsome praise of his government by BJP patriarch LK Advani last year at the expense of Gujarat has made Chouhan more cautious. “Chouhan is so afraid of Prime Minister Modi that the MP government is unable to even summon courage to demand translocation of Gir lions to Palpur Kuno sanctuary in the state despite the Supreme Court order to this effect having lapsed almost a year ago,” said a senior minister. “The chief minister also meekly surrendered to the center’s unilateral decision to raise the height of Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada,” he added. Moreover, Chouhan easily succumbs to RSS diktats in matters of governance, unlike Modi, the minister revealed. The same chief minister who sat on dharna against the UPA government’s “discrimination against MP” in allocation of funds, is now silent over their release; overdue funds to the tune of `5,000 crore are pending.

RESTRICTED VISION While this lack of aggression has endeared Chouhan to the BJP and RSS leadership, it has prevented him from emerging on the national scene as a visionary leader. His control over ministers and bureaucrats too is lax. His friendships with the media and industry outside MP is also limited. His grandiose speeches about making agriculture a profitable business or projecting himself as a caring uncle to the state’s daughters shows limited vision. These personality traits are in sharp contrast to Modi’s imperious, but bold style of functioning. “Modi’s PR exercise was expensive. Chouhan is shy. Modi had a dozen hagiographies written of him in the run-up to the PM post. Chouhan’s biography by a local journalist is an insipid compilation of government press releases,” a BJP leader said. On social media too, Chouhan has proved himself inept. Once, he tweeted to congratulate BJP president Amit Shah on the latter's “birth anniversary”. In another instance, he tweeted last month to congratulate newly appointed Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu. However, it seemed to take a swipe at Prabhu for showing “bhaki” to the PM. Within minutes, it went viral, leaving the state government redfaced and pleading unconvincingly that his Twitter account was hacked. So why was there a need to invest so much in publicity in MP? A senior officer in the publicity department, explained: “In Madhya Pradesh, we have the media virtually eating out of our hands. But the national media is a different kettle of fish.” Most newspaper owners in the state have well-entrenched business interests, with the biggest newspaper chain having businesses in oil plants, malls, real estate, etc. So why should they antagonize the chief minister? ELUSIVE NATIONAL MEDIA But at the national level, things are different. A media manager of the CM said the coverage of the recently organized Global Investors Summit (GIS) in Indore was “far below expectation”. This, despite the government splurging on hospitality of over

three-dozen journalists from Delhi and Mumbai during the meet from October 9-10. Royal food was arranged by the minister for industries and commerce, Yashodhara Raje Scindia, at a whopping `4,400 a plate for over 5,000 invitees. Even the presence of Modi and other high-profile visitors such as the Ambani brothers, businessmen Gautam Adani, Shashi Ruia, Subhash Chandra and Cyrus Mistry did not work wonders. The national press merely covered the PM’s speech. However, the show did help the state as the industrialists pledged `2.15 lakh crore for various projects in MP. But the state government desisted from highlighting the MoUs, given the poor track record of implementation of previous such investor meets. “The GIS was essentially for branding MP as a favorable destination,” the chief minister said. It also helped MP make contact with the corporate world. “We want to sustain it,” said Mishra, justifying need for a PR firm. The Congress, as expected, was critical of the move to have a PR firm. MP’s leader of the opposition, Satya Deo Katare, mocked it as “Chouhan’s personal PR pitch”. “When there is no money to pay salaries, there is no point in doing little work and spending lakhs on PR.” he taunted. True. The revenue deficit of the MP government has doubled from `4,245 crore (August 2013) to `8,552 crore (August 2014) and is likely to grow to `25,000 by the year end. No doubt, the new PR firm will obviously have a lot on its plate.

LEADER AND FOLLOWER Shivraj Singh Chouhan (right) feels MP’s growth story needs to be marketed the way Modi publicized Gujarat’s development saga

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Social Media IS Twitter account

atch what you post on social media, be it pictures, videos, comments or blogs. This is especially true regarding activities of terror organizations or any other anti-national forums. It could land you into serious legal trouble and even jail. This is what happened to the anonymous owner of the Twitter handle @ShamiWitness, which propagated IS (Islamic State) ideology, news and information among Englishspeaking youth in Britain. It provided real-time information about Islamic fighters in good English, attracting the attention of western, radicalized youth. The information was derived from Islamic jihadisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; media outlets, mostly run in Arabic language and translated into English. This so alarmed intelligence agencies in the UK that they started closely scrutinizing the Twitter handle. CLOSE ENGAGEMENT They found the handle engaging closely with jihadists and even commenting on those who had been killed while fighting the war in strife-torn Syria and Iraq. In one post, the handle commented on Iftikhar Jaman, a British jihadist from Portsmouth, UK, who was killed while fighting for the IS. It said: "you bros [brothers] talked the talk, walked

STOP THAT

TWEET,

Mehdi Masroor Biswas may well have wished he had heeded this advice. He had the most influential IS Twitter account and incited people to take up jehad. Heâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s now in the net of the Bangalore police BY VISHWAS KUMAR

YOUTWIT

32 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

TRACKING ONLINE JEHAD Simon Israel, Channel 4’s home affairs correspondent, says it was difficult to track down the person behind Shami Witness because of his online anonymity

the walk". To another British fighter, Mehdi Hassan, this is what the handle said: "May Allah give you brothers’ decisive victory there." Hassan later died fighting in Kobane. The Twitter handle also came under the scanner of US intelligence agencies after it re-tweeted five times a video showing the barbaric execution of US aid worker Peter Kassig and dozens of Syrian soldiers, within minutes of it being uploaded on social media by Islamic fighters. In November, the handle praised IS: "May Allah guide, protect, strengthen and expand the Islamic State ... Islamic State brought peace, autonomy, zero corruption, low crime-rate.” This Twitter handle was created in May 2013 and gained quick notoriety as it masqueraded itself as “someone” close to the IS jihadists in the Middle East. In fact, the Twitter handle is an acronym for “Sham-I-Witness” (Sham means Greater Syria, which includes Iraq and a few other areas which were part of the ancient Caliphate). SUSTAINED PROBE It is not known how the British public broadcaster, Channel 4, got the tip-off which exposed @shamiwitness identity on December 11. It turned out to be Mehdi Masroor Biswas, 24, a techie working in a multinational company in Bangalore. However, it is believed that the channel started probing online jihadists after IS used social media platforms to lure youth and collect funds from western countries by posting videos, blogs and pictures. On June 17 this year, the channel carried a story, headlined “#Jihad:

how IS is using social media to win support”, highlighting the jihadis’ “one billion campaign” to garner supporters. In its latest expose, it quoted a recent report by Brookings Institution that found social media to be one of the key organizational strengths of the IS. It found that it used such channels “to spread and legitimize the ideology, activities and objectives of the IS, and to recruit and acquire international support”. As for the actual tracing of the identity of @ShamiWitness, it was not a tough job. A search of old posts on Twitter revealed that the owner of this handle first started tweeting in the name of @ElSaltador before taking on the moniker, ShamiWitness. Searching the @ElSatador account led

NATIONAL INTEREST VS FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

uring the hearing of a petition challenging the constitutionality of Section 66A of the IT Act that can be used to arrest people for their online comments, the government assured the Supreme Court on December 17 that the law would not be used against either an individual or a social media networking site for online comments expressing even the “most vociferous of the political dissent”. However, Additional Solicitor General Tushar Gandhi made a clear distinction between freedom of expression and promotion of terror on the internet. He said: “If through a Twitter post, people are asked to join a terrorist organization, then there is a reasonable ground to ask the service providers to remove the material”.

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Spotlight Plagiarism

“Two-thirds of all foreign fighters followed him. When a fighter’s Twitter account was suspended, he often promoted the new one. He spoke to British jehadis regularly before they left to join the IS.” —Channel 4 to a Facebook account in the name of Biswas. Unfortunately for him, it had his real identity, contact number, email address and phone number. It seemed that when he changed the name of his Twitter handle to ShamiWitness, he forgot to delete his old posts in the name of ElSaltador. More probes established the fact that the two Twitter handles, Facebook account and a blog were linked to a common Gmail account. One needs to first

PROMOTING BRUTALITY Shami Witness came under the scanner for re-tweeting videos showing the barbaric execution of US aid worker Peter Kassig (above) and other IS beheadings

create an email account to open either a Twitter or a Facebook account. Twitter handle names can be changed whenever one wants without losing the content. Armed with this evidence, the channel confronted Biswas, who, then, had no option but to come clean. Not surprisingly, Biswas’ Facebook account projected a different persona. He regularly shared jokes, funny images, talked about superhero movies, posted pictures of pizza dinners with friends and Hawaiian parties at work. He seemed to have a Jekyll & Hyde personality. He was soft-

34 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

spoken, bespectacled and lived alone, though he did have a social circle. And he definitely didn’t seem like an “online jihadi” with a wide following. HUGE FOLLOWING According to Channel 4, his tweets were seen two million times each month, making him perhaps the most influential IS Twitter account, with over 17,700 followers. “Two-thirds of all foreign fighters followed him. When a fighter's Twitter account was suspended, he often promoted the new one and urged people to follow it. He spoke to British jihadis regularly before they left to join the IS. If they died, he praised them as martyrs,” the channel claimed. After the Channel 4 expose, the Bangalore police swung into action and arrested Biswas on charges of running a pro-IS Twitter account and spreading propaganda related to the terrorist organization. The Bangalore police’s FIR said that he was booked under Section 125 of the IPC for “waging war against any Asiatic power in alliance with the Government of India”, Section 66 of the IT Act, 2000, and Section 39 of the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act, 2004, for supporting a terrorist organization. However, his social media activities reveal that he had no direct contact with any official of the IS, though he was a “sympathizer”. Moreover, the IS was not a banned terror organization in India when he was exposed; the home ministry banned it on December 16. Legally, a terror “sympathizer” can be booked under anti-terror laws only if his activities pertain to a banned terror organization. However, advocating a terror organization involved in killing innocent citizens in “friendly countries” could fall in a “grey” area, where the “intention” will be given more weight that the actual facts. This episode could well serve as a warning to other youngsters who are active on social media and indulge in anti-national activities without being aware of laws. Things can easily be misinterpreted and land you in jail.

All That Matters Tattle tales

PM’s one-way interaction he Prime Minister has often been criticized for his lack of media interactions. What has mostly happened till now in the public eye are one-way interactions of Modi. However, what is lesser known is that he has had three rounds of high-level one-on-one meetings with select groups of editors, bureau chiefs, channel heads and so on. Freewheeling discussions have taken place at these meetings but with strict conditions that none of these get reported. But what has really surprised the media is the absence of I&B Minister Arun Jaitley at these meetings. And about the secrecy aspect, we are waiting for the leaks to happen….

RBI in Safe Hands he buzz in finance ministry corridors till recently was that RBI governor Raghuram Rajan had ruffled too many feathers by sticking to his stand of not cutting interest rates in spite of a number of top NDA ministers sending him the signals and that his days were

numbered. However, after Subramanian Swamy publicly asked for his removal for not towing the BJP line, the verdict is that his tenure will remain undisturbed, thanks to the great division between two BJP legal luminaries-turned-politicians. Economists are happy at the fallout.

Book Launches

o allay the concerns of the nation about their beloved President when he got hospitalized, the first thing he reportedly did on getting well was to take to Twitter, and thank the nation for their concern. He reassured that he was hale and hearty. Who says there is an age to learn new technology?

he number of book launches by members of the media has grown exponentially. All of them are high-profile, and well attended by the reigning political stars. But the buzz is that the number of times the same book has been launched is also growing to such an extent that this routine has become the butt of jokes in the social media. Whether these occasions—a show of strength by the journos—actually translates into enhanced sale of the books, remain to be seen.

Spicy Turbulence

Unscheduled Beats

President takes to

Social Media

ith all the problems that have beset SpiceJet and its promoter, Kalanithi Maran, his brother Dayanidhi, who was an ex-DMK minister, has been knocking on all doors for help. He met the civil aviation minister seeking the government’s help for a bailout, and has called upon high profile ex-civil aviation ministers in his search for investors to steer the airline out of turbulence.

eporters who complain about not getting information from the ministries have been told that this is the fallout primarily of their doing negative stories. The ministers, it seems, have decided to brief only those media people who cover the BJP beat. This, it is assumed, would result in

positive media coverage for the minster, and the editors themselves would be forced to look out for the BJP beat, which would lead to an extremely positive overall coverage of the government. This, however, looks like one equation that is wrong somewhere in the line. VIEWS ON NEWS

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Essay Amar Chitra Katha Depiction of women

MY FAIR

LADY! T is interesting to note the depiction of women in stories and legends. Many of these do, in some way, influence the behavioral patterns of their readers. Amar Chitra Katha (ACK), India’s popular comic book series, has highlighted the archetypal Hindu woman as a chaste, duty-bound wife, whose role is limited to the household and her husband’s family. Take the story of Jaydev and Virmati, which is an oft-repeated dance-drama in Indian folk theatre. King Udayaditya of Malwa gets his brave, virtuous and favorite son Jaydev married to Virmati. But the king’s second wife demands that her son, and not Jaydev, be made heir to the throne. Jaydev is asked to leave the kingdom, followed by the loving Virmati. Roaming through a treacherous forest, Jaydev asks a tired Virmati to rest so that he can make some arrangements in the nearby city. Virmati, then, is approached by a prostitute and enticed to a brothel on

The Hindu woman in this popular comic series is shown as chaste and demure, with little thought being given to her intellect or interests. The allure of her body is all-encompassing BY TANUSHREE VENKATRAMAN

36 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

the pretext that her husband’s sister is waiting for her there. Virmati’s story bears an uncanny resemblance to Ramayana, be it the rivalry between two queens, the favored son being sent to the forest along with his devoted wife or her abandonment. But Virmati’s passive, patient role like that of Sita ends here. When the owner of the brothel tries to approach her, she gets him drunk, kills him with his own sword and dumps his body out of the window. Enraged at his son’s death, the owner’s father calls out to his men, but Virmati takes hold of the same sword and kills 25 of them. But wait, there is a surprise. The warrior queen, Virmati, does not find mention in ACK. Instead, it is epic heroines like Sita and Savitri who are seen as ideal embodiments of passive heroism. “The secondary role of women is part of the unquestioned patriarchal dynamic in which ACK is steeped in...if a woman is an icon of something, it is of coy femininity,” writes Nandini Chandra, the author of The Classic Popular Amar Chitra Katha (1967-2007). CAST IN A TYPICAL MOULD Comic books are meant to entertain, influence and enlighten young minds, and critics have long argued against the apsara-like features of women in ACK. Most of the mythical heroines, inevitably, look like celestial beauties, are fair-skinned, have long-flowing hair and voluptuous bodies. They are skimpily dressed, with a scarf covering their breasts

Amar Chitra Katha always depicts women as submissive, their only purpose being to get married, accept the many wives of husbands and bear sons, with no say in economic activity. and a lower garment. The absence of stitching in Vedic times is probably the reason why the clothes of queens and apsaras are often shown knotted. Compare this to the depiction of Muslim women or warrior queens, who are fully covered in a salwar-kameez. Even the title covers of ACK show the woman either in the foreground or as a fragile figure in front of the hero. The celestial nymph, Ganga, is seen as a petite figure even as an over-powering image of Shiva takes her into his fold. Savitri sits with a dead husband by her side, pleading with Yama, the God of Death, who appears larger than life. “Researchers have often questioned the lack of narrative criticism in the portrayal of women as submissive, decorative appendages in various titles where their sole-prerogative is to bag a husband, welcome their many co-wives and begin the production of sons. The women invariably exist at a great distance from

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January 7, 2015 37

Essay Amar Chitra Katha Depiction of women

Most of the mythical heroines look like celestial beauties, are fair-skinned with flowing hair and voluptuous bodies. They are skimpily dressed with a scarf covering the breasts, and a lower garment. all centers of economic activity and power,” writes Aruna Rao, a gender expert, in her paper Nymphs, Nawabs and Nationalism. PATRIARCHAL LEANINGS The depiction of the ancient world in ACK is built on a patriarchal set-up, where women have no say. Even if the king is a liberal, loving and benevolent father, he is the center of authority. A young Savitri has to seek permission from her father to even go for a short walk. The forest people accompanying Shakuntala refuse to take her back home even though her husband, King Dushyanta, refuses to recognize her. The women also have no say when it comes to selecting a groom for themselves. The king of Gandhara decides that Gandhari should be mar38 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

ried to the blind Dritharashtra. Draupadi stands in a corner, with her eyes lowered as Kunti and the Pandavas decide that she will be wedded to all the five princes, for Arjuna cannot be a sinner who failed to obey his mother’s words. One might endorse the glorious tradition of swayamvara in the Hindu culture, where women get to choose their husbands. But ACK is ambiguous here. The women here do not exercise any choice, but are on display as objects for an assembly of kings. Even after the swayamvara, the victorious groom is feted with an elaborate marriage ceremony, accompanied by a feast and dowry. Here too, the woman is just a trophy, ready to be displayed as a validation of the groom’s success over other men. Hence, when Arjuna brings Draupadi home for the first time, he says: “Look mother! See what we have brought today!” And what is Kunti’s reply? “Whatever it is, share it equally and enjoy it.” This treatment of Draupadi as an object, starts at the outset of her marriage and leads to her humiliation when Yudhishthira bets her in a game of dice. The

indifference to a woman’s mind, intellect and interests over her physical allure remains a disturbing phenomenon in every ACK narrative. The locus of power, too, just shifts from her father to her husband’s family after marriage. Here, she struggles to remain faithful to her in-laws at the cost of her own family’s humiliation. Frustrated that his sister has been abducted by his arch-rival Krishna, Rukmi (Rukmini’s brother) stages a fight with Krishna. Not only does Krishna nearly kill him, but also humiliates him in front of a griefstricken Rukmini who, of course, does not utter a single word even as Krishna ties Rukmi and shaves half his head and moustache. OTHER WOMEN Even the treatment of “other” women, says researcher Katherine McClain in her paper, Sita and Shurpankha, is different from that of high caste and Hindu women of royal lineage and those who do not fit into the Vedic fold. They are seen as a disturbance to the social order and are not the ‘ideal’ women enshrined in the ACK corpus. These women are also humiliated and “taught a lesson” for having expressed their sexual autonomy, a privilege Vedic women do not enjoy. In Ramayana, Shurpankha is attracted to the handsome and powerful Rama and desires to win his love. Rama tells her that he is a happily married man and also mocks her by telling her to try her luck with Laxmana. The younger brother also refuses to accept her proposal and tells her to ask Rama again. Enraged at being tossed between both the brothers, Shurpankha is shown assuming a frightening form and attacking Sita when Laxmana steps in and chops off her nose and ears. The immediate reason for her mutilation might appear to be her threatened attack on Sita, but the actual reason is more intimately connected with her gender, sexuality, and communal identity. Had the idea been just to subdue Shurpankha, her mutilation would not have been necessary. “Mutilation of a woman in the specific way described in the epic

can symbolically be interpreted as a gendered punishment for sexual transgression. In Indian legal texts, disfigurement of a woman is the most common punishment for crimes of a sexual nature,” writes McCLain. The adherence to decaying, rigid traditional values in contemporary times by one of the most revered comics is alarming. For decades, dusky Indian women have suffered humiliation for not being seen as traditionally beautiful, and the comic medium has perpetuated it by showing that fair skin is synonymous with good looks. It also tells them that being part of a dominant, hegemonic Hindu fold, brings them the status of being role models. Their individual stature matters little. Rape is still defined as a violation of the chastity of the woman, and not an attack on her dignity or as a violation of her rights. Even those who seek justice for the “victims” do so with the intention of protecting the “honor” of their society and not the individual woman’s right. Ghastly attacks on women during riots are an act of teaching the other community a lesson by “dishonoring their women”. Women are, therefore, bound to live under the veil of patriarchy, which does not allow them any control over their lives. It is time ACK became more realistic. VIEWS ON NEWS

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DATE 1/12/14

1/12/14

2/12/14

3/12/14

NEWS PM Modi inaugurates Hornbill Festival in Kohima, Nagaland; says it is a privilege to come to the Northeast Two sisters thrash three eveteasers for allegedly outraging modesty in a Haryana Roadways bus; will be felicitated on Republic Day, says Haryana CM Congress brings out booklet on u-turns made by the Modi govt in six months; says BJP running away from poll promises

NEWS

CHANNEL TIME

11:07AM

12:31PM

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10.04AM

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11.04AM

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11.07AM

5.45PM

Funeral of Australian cricketer Phillip Hughes to take place today; Hughes died after being hit by a ball in a domestic match

10:21 AM

10:22 AM

Foreign minister Sushma Swaraj defends PM Modi on foreign tours in parliament. Global confidence in India restored, says Swaraj

12:16 PM

12:18 PM

12:20 PM

Minister Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti courts later controversy with communal remarks; expresses regret in parliament; PM tells ministers not to make unsavory remarks RBI announces monetary policy. No change in interest rates; repo rate at 8 percent; reverse repo rate at 7 percent

Voting on in J&K and Jharkhand for second phase of polling. 65 percent polling in Jharkhand and 71 percent in J&K

40 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

Here are some of the major news items aired on television channels, recorded by our unique 24x7 dedicated media monitoring unit that scrutinizes more than 130 TV channels in different Indian languages and looks at who breaks the news first.

DATE 4/12/14

4/12/14

5/12/14

6/12/14

7/12/14

NEWS

CHANNEL TIME

BJP and Shiv Sena to hold a joint conference in Mumbai. Sena to join BJP government in Maharashtra; 10 ministers to take oath tomorrow

12:24PM

BCCI announces 30 probables for World Cup 2015. No place for Sehwag, Gambhir, Harbhajan and Zaheer

3:29PM

Sanskrit gets the status of third language in Kendriya Vidyalayas. No Sanskrit exam for the current session

12:10PM

12:12PM

Terrorists launch a series of attacks in Uri, Pulwama, Shopian and Srinagar in Kashmir. An attempt to disrupt elections, says defense minister

2:22PM

Modi to meet chief ministers for restructuring the planning commission tomorrow; West Bengal Mamata Banerjee to skip the meeting

10.00AM

10.13AM

Food packets found on six militants killed in the Uri terror attack in J&K bear markings of Pakistan; US criticizes the gruesome attack

The Uber cab driver accused of raping a 25-year-old woman executive in the taxi arrested in Mathura; cab also found Satellite GSAT-16 successfully launched in the third attempt. PM Modi congratulates scientists for the achievement

NEWS

10.04AM

10.06AM

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10.13AM

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January 7, 2015 41

DATE 8/12/14

9/12/14

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NEWS

CHANNEL TIME

Noida Authority suspends former engineer-in-chief Yadav Singh; departmental probe starts against Singh.

11:06 AM

Screws tighten on Uber cabs in Delhi; banned in the capital. Not justified, says road transport minister Nitin Gadkari

11.26AM

11:27 AM

PM Modi addreses an election rally in Dhanbad. Says the opposition has no agenda to pin down the govt

12:28 PM

Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai to be awarded the Nobel peace prize at a felicitation ceremony in Oslo, Norway

9.13 AM

Parliament rocked over religious conversions of Muslims in Agra. Center says it has nothing to do with the matter

11.00 AM

11.12 AM

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Center to repeal Section 309 of IPC, wherein attempt to suicide is punishable by law. 18 states and 4 union territories offer support

1:47 PM

2:16 PM

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2:20 PM

CBI files closure report in the Badaun case before special judge in Badaun. Matter listed for January 6, 2105

Modi meets Russian president Vladimir Putin at Hyderabad House in New Delhi. 16 agreements signed

42 VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015

12:17PM

3:25PM

3:26PM

11:07 AM

11:30 AM

12:18PM

3:26PM

11.11PM

11:34 AM

12:28 PM

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12:29 PM

9.15 AM

12:18PM

3:26PM

12:18PM

3:26PM

DATE 12/12/14

12/12/14

13/12/14

14/12/14

15/12/14

NEWS Congress leaders on a sit-in dharna before the Gandhi statute in parliament complex; shout slogans against BJP MP Sakshi Maharaj and the NDA government Bangalore police tracking a person by the name of Mehdi running the ISIS' Twitter account. Is in touch with NIA and IB

A historic win for India at the UN. Gets majority support for celebrating International Day of Yoga on June 21

NEWS

CHANNEL TIME

10:53AM 10:56AM 10:57AM

11.13AM

11.14AM

11:00AM

12.16PM

11.30AM

11.31AM

12.13PM

4:26 PM

4:27 PM

10:00AM

10:02AM

11:01AM 11:07AM

12.42PM

12.57PM

12.15PM

CBI arrests West Bengal Transport Minister Madan Mitra in the Saradha scam

Modi, Sonia Gandhi, Manmohan Singh, among others, pay homage to martyrs on the 13th anniversary of parliament attack

4:27 PM

10:05AM

4:27 PM

10:30AM

India lose the Adelaide Test in Australia. Efforts by Kohli and Vijay not enough. Nathan Lyon’s grabs 7 wickets to ensure Australia’s victory

12.39PM

India lose to Pakistan in Champions Trophy semi-finals. Pak players hurl indecent gestures. Hockey India chief suspends bilateral ties with Pakistan

9:58AM

10:00AM

1:10PM

Seven people escape from a Sydney café seiged by an Iranian-born gunman; claimed he had 4 bombs and asked for ISIS flag; one flag for one hostage released, he said

10: 30 AM

12.40PM

VIEWS ON NEWS

12.40PM

January 7, 2015 43

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44 VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015

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VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015 45

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46 VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015

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January 7, 2015

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VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015 49

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January 7, 2015

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52 VIEWS ON NEWS

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January 7, 2015

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VIEWS ON NEWS January 7, 2015 53

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54 VIEWS ON NEWS

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56 VIEWS ON NEWS

WXbBร WX`ร IYWXยณfm IYe ยชfรธYSXยฐf ยณfWXeร dIY WXdSXยนffยฏff IYe ยจfยปfยฐfe ยถfร f ยธfmร kยฆfbร OXรปร l รตfSXf รฝรป ยปfOร XdIYยนfรปร IZY LXmOร Xm ยชffยณfm IYe IYWXfยณfe dยชfร f ยฐfSXWX ร fm ยธfedOXยนff ยณfm ยถfยณffBร ยฝfWX ยทfe EIY AรปSX ยธfedOXยนff IYe WXOXยถfOร XeLXfยดf kLXdยปfยนff ร fยฐยนfl IYe IYWXfยณfe WX` AรผSX รฝcร fSXe AรปSX ยธfedOXยนff ร fm ยดfimdSXยฐf WXรป Vffร fยณf ยจfยปffยณfm ยฝffยปfe WXdSXยนffยฏff ร fSXIYfSX IYe ยชfยณfยธfยฐf IYe ยณfยชfSX ยธfmร kร fWXe ยถfยณfm SXWXยณfm IYel ยฆfRYยปfยฐf IYe IYWXfยณfe WX`ร ยนfWX ยฝfWXe IYWXfยณfe WX` dยชfร fIZY ยฝfedOXยนfรป ยณfm รฝรป ยปfOร XdIYยนfรปร IYรป ยฐfbSXยฐf ยจfรผยถfeร f ยงfร MXm IYe kยฝfeSXfร ยฆfยณffl ยถfยณff dรฝยนffร ยฝfedOXยนfรป IZY dSXยดยปfm ยณfm ยถffSX-ยถffSX dรฝยณf ยทfSX dรฝJfยนff dIY EIY ยจfยปfยฐfe ยถfร f WX`ร ยถfร f ยธfmร รฝรป-ยฐfeยณf ยปfOร XIZY WX`ร AรผSX Cยณfร fm ยชfcร fยฐfe รฝรป ยปfOร XdIYยนffh WX`ร ร ยถfยฐffยนff ยชff SXWXf WX` dIY Cยณf รฝรป IYยธfยชfรปSX-ร fe ยปfOร XdIYยนfรปร IYรป Cยณf ยนfbยฝfIYรปร ยณfm

January 7, 2015

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½fm dý³f

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January 7, 2015

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January 7, 2015

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January 7, 2015

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AÔ¦fiªm fe IYf ½ff¢¹f

I don't know whether I like you. But one thing is certain: I don't dislike you.

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64 VIEWS ON NEWS

January 7, 2015

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January 7, 2015 65

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66 VIEWS ON NEWS

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RNI No. UPBIL/2007/22571