Day1 tenses by veeresh savadi

English Made Easy – in 20 Minutes a Day!

Foundation

DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

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English Made Easy – in 20 Minutes a Day!

Foundation

DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

TENSES At the end of the session, you understand

• •

Types of Tenses

•

Comparative Table

Examples of each

tenses of Tenses

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•

Comparative Study

of Present Tense

•

Writing examples in Present Simple, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous

•

Usage of Present

tense The concept of time can be split into:

• The Present - What you are currently doing. I eat, I am eating

• The Past - What you did some time back.

I ate, I was

eating

• The Future - What you will do later.

I will eat, I will be eating In the English language, tenses play an important role in sentence formation. The tense of a verb shows the time of an event or action. There are four types of tenses. Simple, Continuous, , Perfect and Perfect Continuous and each of these has a present, past and future form. PRESENT TENSES SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE In Simple Present, the action is simply mentioned and there is nothing being said about its completeness. I eat. I sleep. I play. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE In Present Continuous, the action is on-going/ still going on and hence continuous. I am eating. I am sleeping. I am playing. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE In Present Perfect, the action is complete or has ended and hence termed Perfect. I have eaten. I have slept. I have played. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE In Present Perfect Continuous, the action has been taking place for some time and is still ongoing. I have been eating. I have been sleeping. I have been playing. PAST TENSES SIMPLE PAST TENSE In Simple Past, the action is simply mentioned and understood to have taken place in the past. I ate. I slept. I played. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

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English Made Easy – in 20 Minutes a Day!

Foundation

DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

In Past Continuous, the action was ongoing till a certain time in the past. I was eating. I was sleeping. I was playing. PAST PERFECT TENSE Past Perfect is used to express something that happened before another action in the past. I had eaten. I had slept. I had played. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Past Perfect Continuous is used to express something that started in the past and continued until another time in the past. I had been eating. I had been sleeping. I had been playing. FUTURE TENSES SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE Simple Future is used when we plan or make a decision to do something. Nothing is said about the time in the future. I will eat. I will sleep. I will play. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE The future continuous tense is used to express action at a particular moment in the future. However, the action will not have finished at the moment. I will be eating at 9 a.m. I will be sleeping when you arrive. I will be playing at 5 p.m. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Future Perfect expresses action that will occur in the future before another action in the future. I will have eaten before 10 a.m. I will have slept before you arrive. I will have played before 6 p.m. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Future Perfect Continuous is used to talk about an ongoing action before some point in the future. I will have been sleeping for two hours when you arrive. I will have been playing for an hour when it is 5 p.m.

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English Made Easy – in 20 Minutes a Day! DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TENSES SIMPLE/ CONTINUOUS INDEFINITE

TENSE

PERFECT

PERFECT CONTINUOUS

(s/es/ies)

Do/does

am/is/are

has/have

has been/have been

MV- I form

MV- ing form

MV- III form

MV- ing form

----

did

was/were

Had

had been

PRESENT

PAST MV- II form

MV- ing form

MV- III form

MV- ing form

shall/will

MV- I form

shall be/will be

shall have/will have

shall have been/will have been

MV- I form

MV- ing

MV- III form

MV- ing form

FUTURE

Person/ Pronoun

Singular

Plural

First

Second

---

You

He Third

She

They

It Graphical Representation of Tenses Types of Pronoun Chart: Pronouns are used to replace a noun. However, they take different forms depending on how they are used in a sentence. This chart outlines the five types of pronouns and the correct forms for each. Subject Object Possessive Possessive Persons pronouns pronouns determiners pronouns 1st person singular I me my mine you you your yours 2nd person singular (thou) (thee) (thy) (thine) he him his his 3rd person singular she her her hers it it its -We us our ours 1st person plural

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Reflexive pronouns myself yourself (thyself) himself herself itself ourselves

2nd person plural

you

your

yours

yourselves

3rd person plural

they

them

their

theirs

themselves

Determiners Chart This chart shows which determiners can be used with countable (singular or plural) vs uncountable nouns. Common nouns Countable nouns Singular nouns **cannot be used without a determiner! a ring

Plural nouns

the ring this ring that ring one ring my ring your ring John's ring etc. ---

Uncountable nouns

rings

jewelry

some rings

some jewelry

the rings these rings those rings two rings three rings four rings etc. my rings your rings John's rings etc. a lot of rings lots of rings many rings a few rings

the jewelry this jewelry that jewelry

Proper nouns

John

**cannot be used with a number my jewelry your jewelry John's jewelry etc. a lot of jewelry lots of jewelry much jewelry a little jewelry

**proper nouns cannot take a determiner unless it is part of the name (e.g. - The United States)

REGULAR VERBS (past root and past participles are the same; both end in 'ed') 1

INFINITIVE

PAST

PARTICIPLE

admit (admít)

admitted (admítid)

ban (ban)

banned (bánd)

beg (beg)

begged (bégd)

bury (béri)

buried (bérid)

clap (kláp)

clapped (klápt)

copy (kópi)

copied (kópid)

cry (krái)

cried (kráid)

drop (drop)

dropped (drópt)

dry (drái)

dried (dráid)

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English Made Easy – in 20 Minutes a Day! DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

empty (émpti)

emptied (émptid)

fancy (fánsi)

fancied (fánsid)

fit (fit)

fitted (fítid)

fry (frái)

fried (fráid)

hug (jág)

hugged (jágd)

hurry (jári)

hurried (járid)

identify (aidéntifai)

identified (aidéntifaid)

knit (nit)

knitted (nítid)

knot (not)

knotted (nótid)

label (léibl)

labelled (léibld)

level (lével)

levelled (léveld)

marry (mári)

married (márid)

multiply (máltíplai)

multiplied (móltí-pláid)

pedal (pédal)

pedalled (pédald)

plan (plan)

planned (pland)

plug (plag)

plugged (plagd)

prefer (prífér)

preferred (prifert)

program (prógram )

programmed (prógramd )

regret (rigrét)

regretted (rigrétid)

reply (replái)

replied (repládt)

replied (repláid)

rub (rab)

rubbed (rábd)

satisfy (satisfái)

satisfied (satisfáid)

shop (shop)

shopped (shópt)

signal (sígnal)

signalled (sígnald)

skip (skíp)

skipped (skípt)

slip (slíp)

slipped (slípt)

stop (stop)

stopped (stópt)

supply (saplái)

supplied (sapláid)

tip (típ)

tipped (típt)

travel (trável)

travelled (tráveld)

try (trái)

tried (tráid)

worry (uári)

worried (uárid)

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Irregular Verbs Chart This chart contains a list of the most common irregular verbs in English and their various forms, arranged according to type. Present Root

Present Participle

I FORM jump

Past Root

ING FORM jumping

Past Participle

II FORM jumped

III FORM jumped

Irregular verbs - Type 1 (past root and past participles are the same but have irregular forms) bleed

bleeding

bled

bend

bending

bent

build

building

built

burn

burning

burnt

buy

buying

bought

bring

bringing

brought

catch

catching

caught

creep

creeping

crept

dig

digging

dug

dream

dreaming

dreamt

feed

feeding

fed

feel

feeling

felt

fight

fighting

fought

find

found

hang

hanging

hung

have

having

had

hold

holding

held

keep

keeping

kept

lay

laying

laid

lead

leading

led

leap

leaping

leapt

leave

leaving

left

lend

lending

lent

lie

lying

lied

light

lighting

lit

lose

losing

lost

make

making

made

mean

meaning

meant

pay

paying

paid

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ÂŠ VEERESH SAVADI Foundation English

English Made Easy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in 20 Minutes a Day! DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

Present Root

Present Participle

Past Root

Past Participle

I FORM

ING FORM

II FORM

III FORM

read

reading

read *

run

running

ran

run

say

saying

said

seek

seeking

sought

sell

selling

sold

send

sending

sent

shoot

shooting

shot

sit

sitting

sat

sleep

sleeping

slept

spend

spending

spent

spill

splilling

split

spilt

spin

spinning

spun

stand

standing

stood

stick

sticking

stuck

swear

swearing

swore

sweep

sweeping

swept

teach

teaching

taught

tell

telling

told

think

thinking

thought

throw

throwing

threw

thrown

understand

understanding

understood

weep

weeping

wept

win

winning

won

Irregular verbs - Type 2 (present root & past participle are the same but past root is different) become

becoming

became

become

come

coming

came

come Past participl e

Present root

Present participle

Past root

Irregular verbs - Type 3 (past participles end with 'n') beat

beating

beat

beaten

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Present Root

Present Participle

Past Root

Past Participle

I FORM

ING FORM

II FORM

III FORM

bite

biting

bit

bitten

blow

blowing

blew

blown

break

breaking

broke

broken

choose

choosing

chose

chosen

doing

did

done

draw

drawing

drew

drawn

drive

driving

drove

driven

eat

eating

ate

eaten

fall

falling

fell

fallen

fly

flying

flew

flown

forget

forgetting

forgot

forgotten

forgive

forgiving

forgave

forgiven

freeze

freezing

froze

frozen

get

getting

got

gotten

give

giving

gave

given

going

went

gone

grow

growing

grew

grown

hide

hiding

hid

hidden

know

knowing

knew

known

lie (down)

lying

lay

lain

prove

proving

proved

proven

ride

riding

rode

riden

rise

rising

rose

risen

see

seeing

saw

seen

sew

sewing

sewed

sown

shake

shaking

shook

shaken

shave

shaving

shaved

shaven

shine

shining

shined

shone

show

showing

showed

shown

speak

speaking

spoke

spoken

steal

stealing

stole

stolen

take

taking

took

taken

tear

tearing

tore

torn

wake

waking

woke

woken

wear

wearing

wore

worn

write

writing

wrote

written

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ÂŠ VEERESH SAVADI Foundation English

English Made Easy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in 20 Minutes a Day! DAY-1:STUDY OF TENSES

Present Root

Present Participle

Past Root

Past Participle

I FORM

ING FORM

II FORM

III FORM

Irregular verbs - Type 4 (past roots have the vowel 'a' and past participles have the vowel 'u') begin

beginning

began

begun

drink

drinking

drank

drunk

ring

ringing

rang

rung

shrink

shrinking

shrank

shrunk

sing

singing

sang

sung

sink

sinking

sank

sunk

spring

springing

sprang

sprung

swim

swimming

swam

swum

Irregular verbs - Type 5 (present root, past root, and past participle are all the same) cost

costing

cost

cut

cutting

cut

hit

hitting

hit

hurt

hurting

hurt

put

putting

put

quit

quitting

quit

set

setting

set

shut

shutting

shut

split

splitting

split

spread

spreading

spread

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