TEST DATA REPORT Prepared on the WAL WMF-15 Microbiological Filtration System Using carbon nanotube technology to remove bacteria and virus from challenged water Conducted by NSF Engineering and Research Services to NSF Protocol P231
This report describes the results of a test-only evaluation (not for NSF Certification purposes) conducted by NSF International. The purpose of the evaluation was to challenge the WAL WMF-15 water filtration system using a patented carbon nanotube technology with influent meeting the test water specifications of NSF Protocol P231 Microbiological Water Purifiers. The test water included a microbial challenge suspension containing the bacterium, Raoultella terrigena, and the coliphage virus, MS2. Influent and effluent samples for these pathogens were collected at defined time points in order to determine the technology’s microbiological reduction capabilities. A test plan was outlined and agreed upon, the details of which are indicated below 2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The product tested was carbon nanotube technology encapsulated in two identical cartridges that were designed specifically for this test. 3. CHALLENGE ORGANISMS Throughout the test, the units were challenged with MS2 and R. terrigena. The target challenge concentrations for the organisms were concentrations sufficient enough to demonstrate a minimum 4 log 10 (≥99.99%) reduction for MS2 and 6 log10 (>99.9999%) reduction for R. terrigena. 4. TEST WATERS The test waters used were Test Water #1 and Test Water #3 from the EPA Guide Standard. The target ranges of two waters are described below in Table 1. 5. RESULTS The results of the microbial challenges are presented in Tables 2 and 3. The virus and bacteria counts in the table are the geometric means of triplicate analyses. The test water data are presented in Table 4.
Table 1 Test Waters Parameter
Test Water #1 Source: Tap water treated by Reverse Osmosis (RO) Deionization (DI), Carbon filtration, and UV Test Water #3 Source: Tap water treated by Reverse Osmosis (RO) Deionization (DI), Carbon filtration, and UV
Target Range
Parameter Adjusted With:
Total Chlorine
<0.05 mg/L
pH Total Organic Carbons (TOC)
6.5 - 8.5
HCI or NaOH
0.1 - 5.0 mg/L
Tannic Acid
0.1 - 5 NTU
No Adjustment
Turbidity Temperature Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Chlorine pH
0
15-25 C 50 - 500 mg/L
Reagant grade NaCl
<0.05 mg/L 8.8 - 9.2 0
Dilute NaOH
3-5 C
Chiller
TDS
1350 - 1650 mg/L
Reagant grade NaCl
TOC
10 - 15 mg/L
Humic Acid
Turbidity
30 - 60 NTU
Fine test dust 0 -80 µm
Temperature
Table 2: Sampling Point
Influent (PFU/mL)
Test Water #1: Third Cycle
1.00 x 10
Test Water #3: Third Cycle
1.04 x 10
MS2 Challenge Data Unit #1
Unit #2
Effluent (PFU/mL)
Log10 Reduction
Effluent (PFU/mL)
Log10 Red
6
<1
6.00
<1
6.00
6
<1
6.02
<1
6.02
Table 3:
R. terrigena Challenge Data Unit #1
Sampling Point
Influent (CFU/100mL)
Test Water #1: Third Cycle
1.62 x 10
Test Water #3: Third Cycle
1.77 x 10
Unit #2
Effluent (CFU/100mL)
Log10 Reduction
Effluent (CFU/100mL)
Log10 Red
8
<1
8.21
<1
8.21
8
<1
8.25
<1
8.25
Table 4:
Test Water Data
Test Water
Temp o (C )
pH
Turbidity (NTU)
Total Chlorine (mg/L)
TDS (mg/L)
TOC (mg/L)
Test Water #1
22
6.90
0,2
< 0.05
260
0.7
Test Water #3
4.7
8.97
32
<0.05
1600
12
Conclusion As this was a test-only evaluation, there were no official pass/fail criteria. However, the test waters and challenge organisms for this evaluation were modeled after those defined in NSF P231, which requires a minimum 4 log10 reduction for viruses and 6 log10 reduction for bacteria. The units tested achieved the NSF P231-specified pathogen reduction requirements at all of the sampling points.
Cryptosporidium Test Results Prepared on the WAL WMF-15 Microbiological Filtration System Using carbon nanotube technology to remove cryptosporidium from challenged water Conducted by an independent test laboratory to meet NSF Protocol P231
This report describes the results of a test-only evaluation (not for Certification purposes) conducted by an independent test laboratory. The purpose of the evaluation was to challenge the WAL WMF-15 water filtration system using a patented carbon nanotube technology with influent meeting the test water specifications of NSF Protocol P231 Microbiological Water Purifiers. Three separate but identical units were tested over a period of 10 days. The test water included a challenge suspension containing oocysts (cryptosporidium). Influent and effluent samples for the pathogen were collected at defined time points in order to determine the technologyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cyst reduction capabilities. 2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The product tested was carbon nanotube technology encapsulated in two identical cartridges that were designed specifically for this test. Three separate but identical units were used to test the challenged water over a period of 10 days. 3. CHALLENGE ORGANISMS Throughout the test, the units were challenged with cryptosporidium The target challenge concentrations for the organisms were concentrations sufficient enough to demonstrate a minimum 3 log10 (â&#x2030;Ľ99.9%) meeting EPA Guide Standard requirements for cysts. 4. TEST WATERS The test waters used was Test Water #1 5. RESULTS The results of each unit exceeded the NSF Protocol P231 requirement for cyst removal. The cyst removal results are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 Day 1
Cryptosporidium NSF Protocol P231 Test Results Oocysts/mL
Influent
Test Unit
Influent
E1
Oocysts/100mL
1.47E+02
1.47E+04
1.33E+02
1.33E+04
1.15E+02
1.15E+04 1.00E+00
E1
Geo Mean/L
Log Reduction
% Reduction
1.31E+05
1.00E+01
-4.12
99.99%
1.00E+01
-4.12
99.99%
1.00E+01
-4.12
99.99%
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Test Unit
E2
1.00E+00
E2
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Test Unit
E3
1.00E+00
E3
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Day 5
Cryptosporidium NSF Protocol P231 Test Results Oocysts/mL
Influent
Test Unit
Influent
E1
Oocysts/100mL
9.90E+01
9.90E+03
9.60E+01
9.60E+03
9.40E+01
9.40E+03 1.00E+00
E1
Geo Mean/L
Log Reduction
% Reduction
9.63E+04
1.00E+01
-3.98
99.99%
1.00E+01
-3.98
99.99%
1.00E+01
-3.98
99.99%
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Test Unit
E2
1.00E+00
E2
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Test Unit
E3
1.00E+00
E3
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Day 10
Cryptosporidium NSF Protocol P231 Test Results Oocysts/mL
Influent
Test Unit
Influent
E1
E1
Oocysts/100mL
9.30E+01
9.30E+03
8.60E+01
8.60E+03
2.60E+01
2.60E+03 2.00E+00
Geo Mean/L
Log Reduction
% Reduction
5.92E+04
1.26E+01
-3.67
99.98%
2.00E+01
-3.47
99.97%
1.00E+01
-3.77
99.98%
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 Test Unit
E2
E2
4.00E+00 1.00E+00 2.00E+00
Test Unit
E3
E3
1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00