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LIST 目录 1
LIES ]
R R ELDE ITY FO C E L B A LIVA ARDS [ TOW /2019 18-10 r thesis 09/20 /Maste ty ie c o s Ageing unan sha, H g n a h C
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[ FENGH U
ANG VIL LAGE
REDESIG
N
] 02/2016 -05/201 Urban de 6 sign/Aca demic Feng Hua ng, Huna n
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[ AGRONOMIC RENAISSANCE ] 02/2018-04/2018 Regional planning/Academic AMA region
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[ FACIN G
THE R
IVER ] 04/20 1 8 -0 6 al plan / ning/A 2018 cadem Bueno s Aire ic s, Arg entina
Region
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When facing a challenge of design, I always try to focus on the original and indigenous material to keep the design specific. Just like the various kinds of spices in culinary art, combining these materials brings about exotic and unique tastes, raising people's emotional
Ageing is a serious problem all around the world, making lots of countries under fiscal and political pressures (United Nations report, 2015), so does China. As country who has the biggest population of ageing, reaching 0.241 billion (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2017), China faces the most severe conflicts between ageing society and transforming cities. However, the current services systems for elderlies is not sufficient enough for China's rapid growth of ageing group. The neighborhood services system, which takes up the biggest proportion of the existing genres of services systems for elderlies in China, depends on the quality of neighborhood. The level of integration of such services systems is also determined by the setup of the neighborhood. (Li Zhiming, 2016) This thesis aims at seeking a way to integrate the existing neighborhood services systems for elderlies in the historical area of first-tier cities in China. The proposal would turn the relationship between historical area and elderlies from mutually conflicting and exclusive to mutually beneficial. The new urban strategy would address to the existing problems of neighborhooddependent services systems for elderlies, and the urban conflicts between historical area and elderlies' needs. The conceptual framework of the proposal would touch social, spatial, and governance aspects, based on the theories of environmental psychology, aged-friendly environments, aged-interacting environments, silver economy, participatory management, and participatory design. Changsha, a typical ageing, first-tier city in China, would be the example taken in this thesis for exploring the principles that can be used in other practices in a bottom-up way. There would be four stages—problem definition, problem description, solution proposals and reflection.
FULL PROJECT: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3Ae02154ec-27b1-406e-9be49d14b5fdd3b9?collection=education%27
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TOWARDS A LIVABLE CITY FOR ELDERLIES --Designing new urban strategies to integrate neighborhood-based services systems with historical area fabric in Changsha, China. 08/2018-10/2019 AGEING SOCIETY/MASTER THESIS TUTOR:DR. L. QUDIPL.ING. B. SOLO HAUSLEITNER LOCATION: CHANGSHA, HUNAN
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METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
STAGES 1.Problem Definition
Neighborhood services Urban design& systems for the elderlies Urban planning
Neighborhood services Urban design& systems for the elderlies Urban planning
Large public space (Such as riverside scenic belt, the square in front of the big shopping mall, etc.)
Recreational room
Market/ Supermarket Kindergarten/ Primary school
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Ground floor empty space
2.Socio-spatial Analysis
Pharmacy/ Clinic Lanes in the Necessary neighborhood
Optimal
Social
3.Solution Proposals
4.Reflection
Street space (puclic space)
1.1Problem statement
1.2Research questions
OUTCOME Goals
In the context of rapid urban development, how to integrate the current Chinese neighborhood services systems for the elderlies with urban design and planning from governance and spatial aspects in the historical neighborhood?
Aged-friendly Walkable
1.3Aim
Place-making
2.1Conceptual framework
Governance
Spatial condition Neighborhood -Urban morphology service system -Public space -Aged facilities +City renewal -Environment -Accessibility/Transportation
Livable city
-Policy& Regulations -Finance -Operation& Activities -Business model -Stakeholders involved
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Understanding
Socio-spatial environment
2.2Analysis
-Aged-friendly -Place-Making -Walkable
Socio-spatial environment
2.3Theoretical framework
-Livable city Functional ability* is the process of interacting the intrinsic ability of the elderly and the environment to achieve individual value. (WHO)
3.1Vision
-Participatory design -Community-driven
Spatial condition
Governance
3.2Strategy 3.3Design Proposal
Support -Environmental psychology -Aged-friendly environments -Age-interating environments -Relational dynamic -Hybrid assemblages -Organic urban renewal
-Livable city
-The Silver Economy -Participatory management
Socio-spatial environment
4.Reflection
Evaluation
VISION
Provide the walkable neighbourhood environment
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9
Build up different-level public spaces network system
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Make everyone has the sense of belonging
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13
VISION PLAN
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CONNECTION WITH SOURROUNDINGS AREA AND FACILITIES
CLUSTER
OVERALL STRUCTURE
Jie
gui
Str
eet
Cha
guan
Lan
e
Riverside Landscape Belt
ne Ruyi Lane Lehuo Shopping Mall
et
re
St
Jixiang Lane
n Yo
g
g xin
Panchengdi Lane
Wan da
Squa
re
Ruyi La Wanda Shopping Mall
Mingyuechi Lane
Chunfeng Street
'Necessary' facillities Open cluster
MORE OPEN
Xiangqing Lane
Wuyi Square Park
Open 'Loop' 'linear' cluster
LESS PUBLIC
Existing 'tower' Commercial line Recreational line
PUBLIC SPACE NETWORK
PUBLIC SPACE RELATED TO DIFFERENT AGED ELDERLIES
Culture theme
Youthful theme
Sporty theme
Cultural theme Sporty theme
15 Hunan opera theme
Youthful theme
50-65 Years old / Middle Aged
65-75 Years old / Younger Seniors
Slow traffic priority lane Public space Public space Public space III Indoor public space
Hunan opera Youthful theme Sporty theme Cultural theme
75-90 Years old / Real Seniors
Figure 87: Public space related to different aged elderlies
Mixed theme
FACILITIES AND ACTIONS RELATED TO ELDERLIES
EXTREME VISION PLAN 2
Renting facilities, looking for activities and Walking and cycling safely Buying medicine and going to doctor Taking to and bringing back kids Buying daily needs Eating, relaxing,entertaining and meeting new people/guiding tourism Indoor public space Public space I Public space II Public space III Emergency ambulance line High safety crossing Safetylevel crossing Parking bicycle
Public space I Renew buildings Reserved buildings Flexible buildings
PLACE-MAKING BASED ON COLLECTIVE MEMORY
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VARIABLE ELEMENTS IN THE TRANSFORMATION
PRINCIPLES
- Housing resettlement (in the same neighborhood) - Currency allocation In each small block, the first stage of transformation would start with demolishing condemned buildings. If the average quality of these buildings is more or less the same, transformation would start with demolishing low density. What would replace them are taller and more neatly organized housings in order to accommodate both the original and new residents. The second stage would aim at voiding the central part of each block to obtain more effective public space. The last stage would be replacing the obsolete buildings along the lanes.
ELEMENTS
1. PLACE: the overall numbers of new housings should be more than the demolishing one
STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED Intermediary
Relocation
Developer
2. ORIGINAL RESIDENTS - Buildings along the slow traffic priority lanes should be lower than 4 floors to Commerce keep the original mixed with residence senses of historical street.
Executor
Cluster
Commerce mixed with residence
Only residence
The tourist
Government Only residence
Should be aged-friendly, especially has access facilities, and have good sunlight &ventilate condition.
Social enterprise
Public space
Other resident
Should be designed to happen varied activities, meet the requirements for different groups of residents and enhance local culture.
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Designer/ Planner
For underground parking area, keep as much as possible. For existing ground parking area, according to actual car requirement, keep or add the places which are near city roads and has the potential to be transformed into green space, since it won't be needed if there is less cars in the future.
Parking
RETAINING ELEMENTS IN THE TRANSFORMATION
The elderly
STAKEHOLDER AND FINANCE -Renting fees of housing (-New /-Renting fees of new Resident ) ground-floor shops /-Management fees
ck ba
De sig &
pla
n
Organizer or teacher of Interest groups
Fe
-Developer
-Designer/ planner
ed
-Executor ck dba Fee ent lem Imp
Combine the staffs from service system of elderlies, urban renewal, and Changsha Historic Pedestrian System. They become a new branch of government staff in the neighborhood level. In the renewal stage, they mainly work on coordination and organization of different stakeholders. In the later stage, they have extra works on rental and maintenance of facilities, organization of activities, and some adjustment feedback from the residents.
Fee
dba
ck&
Inve
pro
cipate
ck& Parti
fit
st
Feedba
& activities Organize g design tin Negotia tion ca and relo Fe edb ack Org &P art Ne anize icip and gotiat activ ate relo ing d ities cat esig & ion n
-The Elderly
y
& pa
back
Feed
Pay
pro
ize
& ck
an
ba
org t&
ed Fe
Target groups
s
itie
ctiv
es
k
Inv
-Other Resident
bac
-Government
ea aniz Org
-Special Investment in Urban Renewal
ed Fe
fit
-Social Enterprise -Special Investment in the Construction of Service System for Elderlies
-Residents and shops
-Intermediary
-The Tourist
Tour guide
-Special Investment in Construction of Changsha Historic Pedestrian System
SECTION
Catering and souvenir shops (only ground floor is commerce, upper still are residence）
Street market (only ground floor is commerce, upper still are residence） BEFORE
Sidewalk
Car Lane
Sidewalk
AFTER: CAR FREE TIME
RESIDENCE RETAIL
RESIDENCE Sidewalk
Water Drain
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE RETAIL
24:00 22:00 20:00 18:00 16:00 14:00 12:00 10:00 8:00 6:00 4:00 2:00 0:00
Free zoom Free zoom
Sidewalk
Sidewalk
AFTER: CAR ENTER TIME
Water Drain
Sidewalk
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE RETAIL
RETAIL
RESIDENCE RETAIL
RETAIL
RESIDENCE
AFTER: CAR ENTER TIME
Free zoom Free zoom Sidewalk
Sidewalk
RETAIL
RESIDENCE RETAIL
RESIDENCE
Free zoom Free zoom Sidewalk 24:00 22:00 20:00 18:00 16:00 14:00 12:00 10:00 8:00 6:00 4:00 2:00 0:00
Car Lane
24:00 22:00 20:00 18:00 16:00 14:00 12:00 10:00 8:00 6:00 4:00 2:00 0:00
AFTER: CAR FREE TIME
RETAIL
24:00 22:00 20:00 18:00 16:00 14:00 12:00 10:00 8:00 6:00 4:00 2:00 0:00
RETAIL
RESIDENCE RETAIL
RESIDENCE
BEFORE
RETAIL
24:00 22:00 20:00 18:00 16:00 14:00 12:00 10:00 8:00 6:00 4:00 2:00 0:00
Water Drain
Free zoom Free zoom
Sidewalk
Sidewalk
Water Drain
Sidewalk
24:00 22:00 20:00 18:00 16:00 14:00 12:00 10:00 8:00 6:00 4:00 2:00 0:00
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RENDERING
ORIGINAL SCENE
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21
One of the entrance of green slow-traffic priority line
ORIGINAL SCENE
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23
Street market
ORIGINAL SCENE
Rendering
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STUFF OF SERVICE CENTER
DESIGNER
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DEVELOPER EXECUTOR
Public space I which near educational facilities &Neighborhood service center
Although the site is in the tourist attractions, residents are the primary consideration of the design. Restoring the texture of the local architectural pattern, re-combing the relationship between residents and creating a healthy living space are the main design techniques. Because good living atmosphere and its special construction environment is the most attractive view for tourism.
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一条溪 淌了千年 却冲不淡那一份幽柔的情 一首歌 唱了千年 却道不尽那一段缠绵的爱 一个是豪放豁达 一个是美丽温柔 却同是一种相思 一处哀愁 而愁的对面 却是一份割舍不断的手足 深情 碧溪水清纯而柔韧 茶峒山淳厚而坚定 依山傍水的缘啊 却是生生世世的宿命一场
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FENGHUANG VILLAGE REDESIGN 02/2016-05/2016 URBAN DESIGN/ACADEMIC TUTOR:XIANG HUI GROUPWORK PARTICIPATED IN ALL SCOPES AUTHOR: JIALI LIU/ WANTING MENG LOCATION: FENGHUANG, HUNAN
LOCATION Main street A
Tuo
Riv
er
A
A A
A
Scenic spots
Attractions
A
A
Ancient Town of Fenghuang
A
Tuo Riv er
The main Scenic spots
A
A
Unit:10 thousand per day
A
2.6 1.7
Hunan,China Xiangxi Fenghuang The site is in the upper place of Tuo River, adjacent to the original scenic spot of Fenghuang. It is rich in natural landscape resources and human resources.
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Traditional culture is missing
Cultural performances lack of sites
Ecological environment is destroyed
Warning & Situation
Propaganda false cultural image
Source: Fenghuang County Bureau of Statistics
Fenghuang tourists’ protection plan shows the town has been overloaded since 2013 years. 1 1
2 2
3 3
1.1 Historical texture was destroyed 1.2 Node collapse, not system 2.1 Public space is squeezed 2.2 The sense of continuity of the ancient city culture is destroyed 2.3Lack of social life style
Soil erosion causes flooding Cultural performances lack of sites Block texture is destroyed
3.1 Destruction of the ecological environment
PROBLEM
Fracture Fracture
fracture between the building block and the open space
Fracture Fracture
SITE ANALYSIS Land zoning
Landscape
Catering
Mountain
B&B
Inhabitant
3.2
Circulation
River
Green
Sidewalk
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TRADITIONAL ELEMENTS resident
stair& ramp
route
symbol
column
resident
UP AND DOWN
BUILT ON STILTS
PROPORTION
ROAD
SLOPING ROOF
TIME-ACTIVITY 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
PBULIC TAKING PHOTOS PRIVACY
B&B
B&B PBU
SHOPPING EATING
28 LIVING
VISITORS
PBU
EATING
WORKING
RESIDENTS
LIVING
ARTISITS
TRANSFORMATION Height
Tedious waterfront
Monotone street space
Enclosed countyard
strewn at random
retreat
reverse
dislocation
cross
crack
dislocation
crack
view
reverse
retreat
reverse
CONCEPT
EN (C TRA PA ON NC RK NE E IN C G TIN LO G T) TH
E ENT (CO RANC E SID NNEC EW TIN OR K) G THE
Courtyard Installation art
silence
lively
silence
水
山
ENTR A (CON NCE SCEN NECTIN G IC SP OT) THE ORIG I
NAL
MOUNTAIN WATER SEASONING: Embroidery
By combing the streets and buildings of space groups and the analysis of the flow direction and so on, adjust the construction group, will be embedded in the node according to different functional requirements of street space to stimulate the vitality of the street at the same time, the maximum reduction of the original ancient style, while achieving organic renewal of the ancient city.
NORTH
PLAN
Performance viewing area I
Stage I
Village
Artist workshop
Performance viewing area II
Central square
Between Lake and Cloud
Folk Culture
Stage II Mobile plant
Folk culture experience area
Parking Lot 0 20 40
Waterfront tourist area
Watchtower Pole forest
Entrance
Resting corner B&B
80
160m
ANALYSIS scenic river green mountain sight
the main road secondary road
Landscape
forest path wooden walkway
Road Classification
riverside landscape parking lot artist area performance area riverside commercial area B&B cultural commercial area
Function
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BIRD'S EYE VIEW
6
8
7
1
2
4
3
5
30 2
1
Pole forest Applying Features of the PillarSupported Dwelling to the street node design.
5
3
Resting corner
Waterside Deck
Mobile plant window
This place is arranged near the boundary of site and old scenic spot.
Both keeping the viewing function and the original place of residents.
Creating more interactive spaces for nature and visitors.
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Performance viewing area Hydrophilic platform and the river island constitutes a natural line of contact.
4
7
Entrance The bamboo on the bridge looks like a natural barrier, through the sparse part of the barrier, the thither attractions can be seen.
Between Lake and Cloud Places a skylight in the middle, above the pool. Semienclosed space provides a place to contact the environment.
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Folk Culture Museum The museum is set at the boundary of the city and the site, playing the role of transition.
31 The AMA (Amsterdam Metropolitan Area) region wants to make the transition towards a circular economy. To make it happen, social, environmental and economic challenges have to be integrated in the transition. This project identifies these challenges and propose a vision, a development strategy and projects/policies to propose a new system in the sector where most of these challenges come together: the agrifood sector. The agrifood sector being one of the most polluting sectors in the world plays a key role in a circular economy. The project uses the aim of circular economy as a tool to establish normative change in the case of the imbalanced agrifood sector. The framework encompasses localising the food network and creating a local circularity in the flows of energy, water, CO2 and organic material. It also suggests new ways of protein production and of the usage of peatlands. The key conclusion is to make the agrifood sector more deconcentrated and localised. This localisation is essentially a modern form of the traditional sector from the 18th and 19th century. Therefore, it’s an agronomic renaissance. Due to the traditional nature of the sector, institutional change has to happen, which can only be achieved by a long-term strategy, strong policy and a periodical review. The project gives a possible direction for this long-term perspective. FULL PROJECT: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3Aee0185dd-92c3-4175-8efc51c21da33b07?collection=education
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AGRONOMIC RENAISSANCE --Towards a socially fairer and circular agrifood system in the AMA region 02/2018-04/2018 TUTOR:SEPULVEDA CARMONA, DIEGO ANDRES ; CALABRESE, LUISA
REGIONAL PLANNING/ACADEMIC GROUP WORK AUTHOR:CHANG LIU / GABRIELA WALDHERR / GAYATRI MUJUMDAR / SEBASTIEN REININK / LOCATION: AMA REGION (AMSTERDAM METROPOLITAN AREA)
CURRENT CHALLENGES OF AGRIFOOD SECTOR IN AMA THE CONCENTRATED AGRIFOOD SECTOR IN AMA 55,000
16.7million Farmer’s markets 6,500 1,500
7million Food Manufacturers
Suppliers
5 25
4,400
Farmers and horticulturalists Purchasing offices Shoppers Supermarket formulas
Supermarkets
Consumers
MASSIVE FOOD MILES CAUSED BY THE CURREN SYSTEM
AGRIFOOD AND OTHER FLOWS
53
km
FOOD FLOW - PRODUCER TO PROCESSOR & PRODUCER TO EXPORT
19km
km
29
10km
10km
Power Plant
EXPORT
55km
EXPORT
waste to energy
Imported Fossil Fuel
AEB
EX
PO
RT
Consumers
+ PRODUCER TO PROCESSOR & PRODUCER TO EXPORT FOOD FLOW - PROCESSOR TO WHOLESALER
+
30%
Sustainable Energy
Sludge
m
k 50
57
30km
210,000 m3/d
16k m
24km
15km
18km
22km
km
River/ Pumping Regional Rain Station reservoir & Storage
AEB
Consumers RWZI
Canal
FOOD FLOW - WHOLESALER TO CONSUMER (RETAILER) / PRODUCER TO CONSUMER
PROCESSOR TO WHOLESALER
45 km
51km
70% AEB
55
47 km
23km
17km
km
34km
32
70%
Natural Gas
Separation 25% Consumers Waste Point 40% of household
WHOLESALER TO CONSUMER (RETAILER) /PRODUCER TO CONSUMER
waste is food waste.
Bottom Road Ash Foundation
Recycling Company Manufacturing Company 5% Bioenergy Plant
Bio Products
STRATEGIES MAP
33
Food hubs projected bio-energy plant
Distribution hub
existing bio-energy plant
Distribution & re-distribution hub
upgrading of water purification plants (water reuse) Reinforcement of existing transport ways ship transport rail transport
Main agricultural landuse grassland
food hubs crops, alternative proteins & vegetables Organic fertilizer through paludiculture, Meat & Dairy products
arable farming
Seeds
greenhouses
Re-distribution
BUSINESS MODEL - CIRCULAR FARMING COMMUNITY PRINCIPLE
basic
circular farming elements
basic basic
· Water storage Water storage · Water storage ·· Water storage
· Local processing ·· Local processing · Local processing Local processing
· Local distribution ·· Local distribution · Local distribution Local distribution
· Local food shop Local foodfood shopshop · Local ·· Local food shop
Proposed Policy Proposed and Site Policy Considerations and Site Considerations
Considering the existing Considering policiesthe andexisting site conditions policies and for the sitebusiness conditions model, for the an business average plot model, sizean ofaverage 30 ha isplot taken size into of 30 ha is
optional
· Agrifood tourism ·· Agrifood tourism facilities: ·facilities: Agrifood tourism facilities: consideration according consideration to the requirement according to and the collaboration requirement potential and collaboration of the community. potential of the community. Agrifood tourism facilities: Restaurant, Farm stay Restaurant, Farm stay stay Restaurant, Farm Restaurant, Farm stay According to the strategic According development to the strategic plan, hash development cultivation plan, as cash hash crops cultivation for medicinal as cash crops purposes for medicinal is proposed, purposes which is propo optional optional
optional
The minimum size of a farming community is determined by the mount ofneeded fouramount stakeholders, fulfill thewhich following funcneeded of stakeholders, fulfill the funcamount of which four stakeholders, which the following funcneeded amount of four four stakeholders, which fulfillfulfill the following following funcproduction through a bio-digester, storing, water localwater sergy Business Farmer’s ModelBusiness 30ha Model30ha tions: Energy production through awater bio-digester, water storing, locallocal tions: Energy production through a bio-digester, storing, tions: Energy production through a bio-digester, storing, local ng andprocessing local distribution. largest community size is limitand distribution. The community size limitprocessing andThe local distribution. The largest community size is limitprocessing and local local distribution. The largest largest community size is is limite maximum distance of 3km between two farms in order to ed by distance of 3km between two farms in order to edthe by maximum the maximum distance of size 3km between two farms insize order Minimum Maximum ed by the maximum distance of 3km between two farms in order to to licy Existing and Site Policy Conditions and Site Conditions food miles and emissions low.emissions keep the food milesmiles and emissions low. low. keep the food and emissions keep the food miles and low. owObservations that due to recent show that reclamation due to the recent condition reclamation and structure the condition of agriculture and structure land in of‘Flevoland’ agricultureisland because in ‘Flevoland’ is because ommunities can include more circular farming elements than can include more circular farming than communities can include more circular farming elements of historic of the Bigger influence polderBigger structure ofcommunities historic and polder policystructure influence and of the policy government. influence of Conclusively the government. an average Conclusively agricultural anelements average agricultural Bigger communities can include more circular farming elements thanthan a isplot observed size ofin30 the ha ‘Flevoland’. isorder observed in thediversify ‘Flevoland’. basic ones. In do and strengthen the cooperathe four basic ones. In order do diversify and strengthen the four basic ones. In order do diversify and strengthen the cooperathe four basic ones. In order do diversify and strengthen the the cooperacoopera4 plots/ sible additions could be a under local food on-farm shop, which tion, possible additions could be aand local food on-farm shop, which <3km mmon According agricultural to ‘Common policy’,possible under agricultural direct policy’, payment and direct greening payment scheme 5% greening of agricultural scheme 5% plot of the is agricultural plot is tion, additions could be a the local food on-farm shop, which tion, possible additions could be a local food on-farm shop, which versity reserved and 1asha biodiversity of the landand is used 1 hafor of the personal land isholdings used forand personal the left holdings over land and is the used left extensively over land for is used extensively for stakeholders food products of all community members, agrifood tourism sells the food products of all community members, tourism sells the food products of all community members, agrifood tourism uction. agricultural sellsproduction. the food products of all community members, agrifood agrifood tourism ike a facilities restaurant arestaurant farm stay or hotel, and innolike a stay hotel, a and facilities a restaurant oraaknowledge farm hotel, a knowledge and innofacilities likeora alike restaurant or a farm farm stay stay hotel, a knowledge knowledge and innoinnosearch center orresearch in case of lifestocl communal vation research center or in inorcase case of lifestocl lifestocl farming, a communal communal vation center infarming, case of alifestocl farming, a communal vation research center or of farming, a torage. manure storage. storage. manure storage. 34manure
· Bio-digester ·· Bio-digester · Bio-digester Bio-digester
circular circularfarming farmingelements elements
basic
circular farming elements
The new business model proposes the creation of circular farming communities in order to deconcentrate the before mentioned functions business model Local business model Local business model within the region and close small loops of waste, g a circular farming community defining a circular farming community defining a circular farming community defining a circular farming community energy and water streams. The minimum size of a farming community is water, determined by the needed amount of four ent energy, water, food processing and distribution The current energy, water, food processing and distribution system current energy, food processing and distribution system The The current energy, water, food processing andsystem distribution system MA is of concentrated Amsterdam. business model stakeholders, which fulfill the following functions: of the AMA is in concentrated inThe Amsterdam. The local business model ofAMA the AMA is concentrated inlocal Amsterdam. The local business model the is concentrated in Amsterdam. The local business model the proposes creation of farming in order to the creation of farming communities in to proposes the creation ofcommunities circular farming communities in order to Energy production through a bio-digester, proposes thecircular creation of circular circular farming communities in order order to water ntratedeconcentrate the deconcentrate before mentioned functions within the region and deconcentrate the before before mentioned functions within the region region and andThe thestoring, before mentioned functions within the region local processing and local distribution. the mentioned functions within the and all loops ofclose waste, energy and water streams. Thereby astreams. close smallsmall loops of waste, waste, energy and water water streams. Thereby a more more loops oflargest waste, energy and water Thereby a more close small loops of energy and streams. Thereby a community size ismore limited by the maximum economy will be created andbe the farmer hasthe thefarmer opportunity localised economy will created and has the localised economy will be created and the farmer hasopportunity the opportunity localised economy will be created and the farmer hastwo the opportunity distance of 3km between farms in order to power working in aby cooperative toby regain power by working in way. a cooperative cooperative way.way. to regain power by working in a cooperative to regain power working in a way. keep the food miles and emissions low. mumThe sizeThe of aminimum farming community is community determined thedetermined minimum size size of a of farming isbydetermined by the a farming community is by the
generates capital for generates the initialcapital investment for theofinitial the proposal. investment of the proposal.
· Knowledge &·· Innovation center Knowledge & Innovation center Knowledge Innovation center 12% plot of land is proposed 12% plot ·of forland community is proposed collaboration for & community projects collaboration consisting projects of; consisting of; Knowledge & Innovation center -energy generation-energy and supply, generation and supply, -waste recycle and -waste manurerecycle cultivation, and manure cultivation,
-experimentalstorage farming -experimental protein farming production forstorage protein production · Manure ·· for Manure storage · Manure Manure storage
80% plot of land is 80% kept for plottraditional of land is kept agriculture for traditional crop as well agriculture as livestock crop production as well as livestock for localproduction economy based for local on;economy ba -multitechniques of-multitechniques crop rotation andofdiversification crop rotation and diversification -knowledge institution -knowledge and farmers institution collaboration. and farmers collaboration.
ONE FARM PLOT - CURRENT POLICY & LAND USE
PROPOSED POLICY & LAND USE
Agricultural Land Personal Holdings Bio-diversity reserve
12
%
94
33
1h
a
km
2%
km km
a
3
a
5%
1h
3
<
5% 1h
<<
a
5%
km
1h
<
5%
Personal Holdings Bio-diversity reserve
2%
12
%
94
%
% 80
80
%
10
10
0m
30
00
m
30
10
0m
m m
m 00
0m
10
m
0 10
m 00
1
0m
1
10
The smallest size of a circular farming community is farming The size a farming community is The smallest of a circular community is The smallest smallest size of ofsize a circular circular farming community is determinded by the minimum amount of 4 stakeholders determinded by the theby minimum amount of 4 4 stakeholders stakeholders determinded the minimum amount of 4 stakeholders determinded by minimum amount of due to the necessary elements forbasic localelements circularity. duebasic todue the necessary for local local circularity. tonecessary the necessary elements for circularity. local circularity. due to the basic basic elements for
Current Context Current Context
0 10
10
0m
Cash Crops
00
Minimum size Minimum Minimum size size Minimum size
%
30
00
m
30
0m
00
m
Circularity and Pilot Projects Maximum sizeMaximum size Maximum Maximum size size Traditional Agricultural m 0
10
0m
m 00
0m
10
m 00
1
0m
1
10
The largest size ofThe a circular farming community is farming largest size of ofsize a circular farming community is The largest of a circular community is The largest size a circular farming community is determined by thedetermined maximum distance of 3maximum km betweenn by the theby maximum distance of 3 3 km km betweenn determined the distance of betweenn 3 km betweenn determined by maximum distance of two different farms in order to reduce emissions and two different different farmsfarms in order order to reduce reduce emissions and and two different in order to reduce emissions two farms in to emissions and create a sustainable system. create a sustainable sustainable system. create a sustainable system. create a system.
Projected Projected Context Context
10
Considering the existing policies and site conditions for the business model, an average plot size of 30 ha is taken into consideration according to the requirement and collaboration potential of the community. According to the strategic development plan, hash cultivation as cash crops for medicinal purposes is proposed, which generates capital for the initial investment of the proposal. 12% plot of land is proposed for community collaboration projects consisting of; -energy generation and supply, -waste recycle and manure cultivation, -experimental farming for protein production 80% plot of land is kept for traditional agriculture crop as well as livestock production for local economy based on; -multitechniques of crop rotation and diversification -knowledge institution and farmers collaboration.
The agronomic renaissance
a new economy for the agrifood sector
original average lot on Flevopolder: 30 ha The agronomic renaissance (Rijksdienst voor IJsselmeerPolders after reclamation)
a new for the agrifood sector A economy NEW ECONOMY FOR
THE AGRIFOOD SECTOR
original average lot on Flevopolder: 30 ha (Rijksdienst voor IJsselmeerPolders after reclamation)
35 Diversification of crops The energy farmer Bio-digestion plant Diversification of crops Bio-gas storage Bio-digestionProtected plant biodiversity Bio-gas storage Medicinal cannabis production
The current farmer
Insect farming Protected biodiversity Medicinal cannabis production Insect farming
Focus on primary production & export orientated monoculture
Diversification of crops The water farmer Medicinal Diversification of cropscannabis production Local water storage Medicinal cannabis production Protected biodiversity Local water storage Algae farming Protected biodiversity Algae farming
Diversification of crops The processor& distributor farmer
original average lot on Flevopolder: 30 ha (Rijksdienst voor IJsselmeerPolders after reclamation)
Diversification of cropscannabis production Medicinal Local processing, packaging & distribution Medicinal cannabis production Protected biodiversity Local processing, packaging & distribution Phosphate farming Protected biodiversity Phosphate farming
CONTRIBUTION TO REGIONAL CIRCULARITY
Biodigester
Organic
Recycling Company Cropsland
Cropsland
Solar/Wind Algea Fields
Solar/Wind
Biobased Industry
Food
Algea Fields
Local Water Storage
Grass Land
Grass Land
Green House
ra ge Fo ra ge
Fo
Fo
Food
Grass Land
Fo RWZI
Household Green House
Waste Water
W ate
r
r
od
Fe rt
Fo
Bio Diversity
ilize
r
od
ilize d
Fo
r
Bio Diversity
Fe rt
d Fo o
ultural eco-tourism Agric
Organic synergy
Waste Water
W ate
Fo o
ilize
r
Bio Diversity
Household Green House
Waste Water
ultural eco-tourism Agric
od
Algea Fields Local Water Storage
r
Fo
Food
RWZI
W ate
Fe rt
Biobased Industry
Waste
Pound
Bio Gas
Algea Fields
Grass Land
Organic Cropsland
Local Water Storage
RWZI
Livestock Breeding
Recycling Company
Solar/Wind
Biobased Industry
Household Green House
ra ge Fo ra ge
Fo
Fo
od Fe rtili ze r Fo od
ra ge Fo ra ge
Algea Fields
Grass Land
Waste Fossil Fule
Pound
Bio Gas
Local Procssing and Package
Biodigester
Organic Cropsland
Local Water Storage
36
od Fe rtili ze r Fo od
r
Fo od
ilize d
Pound
Food
Pigsty/Henhouse
Solar Energy
Livestock Breeding
Recycling Company
Fossil Fule
Insects Farm
ultural eco-tourism Agric
Fe rt
Fo o
ultural eco-tourism Agric Waste
Manure Storage
rt spo ran al T od im ult M
Pigsty/Henhouse
Local Procssing and Package
ort pp Su
Organic Waste
rt spo ran al T od im ult M
Organic
ge led ow Kn
Solar Energy
Solar/Wind
Biobased Industry
Manure Storage
Biodigester
Recycling Company
Bio Gas
Water synergy
ort pp Su
Insects Farm
Livestock Breeding
Cropsland
Energy synergy
Organic Waste
rt spo ran al T od im ult M
Pigsty/Henhouse
Local Procssing and Package
ultural eco-tourism Agric ge led ow Kn
Solar Energy
Biodigester
Bio Diversity
ultural eco-tourism Agric
ort pp Su
Insects Farm
Solar/Wind
r
Bio Diversity
Food Flow
Fossil Fule
W ate
r
Bio Diversity
Organic Waste
Waste Water
W ate
r
Manure Storage
RWZI Household
Green House
Waste Water
W ate
ge led ow Kn
Algea Fields Local Water Storage
Household
Waste Water
Waste
Pound
Food
RWZI
Household Green House
Biobased Industry
Local Water Storage
RWZI
Organic Cropsland
d
Grass Land
Livestock Breeding
Recycling Company
Fossil Fule
Bio Gas
Fo
Food
Waste
Pound
Bio Gas Biobased Industry
Local Procssing and Package
Biodigester
Organic
Recycling Company
Fossil Fule
Pigsty/Henhouse
Solar Energy
Livestock Breeding
Waste
Pound
Bio Gas Solar/Wind
Local Procssing and Package
Insects Farm
Fo o
Biodigester
Fossil Fule
Pigsty/Henhouse
Solar Energy
Livestock Breeding
Manure Storage
Organic Waste
ra ge Fo ra ge
Local Procssing and Package
Insects Farm
ort pp Su
rt spo ran al T od im ult M
Pigsty/Henhouse
Solar Energy
ge led ow Kn
rt spo ran al T od im ult M
Insects Farm
Manure Storage
Organic Waste
rt spo ran al T od im ult M
Organic Waste
ort pp Su Fo
ge led ow Kn
Fo ra
Manure Storage
ra ge Fo ra ge
ort pp Su ge Fo ra ge
ge led ow Kn
Fodder synergy
CO2 circulation synergy
WATER SYNERGY RWZI Tollebeek 5 ha 2,755 m3/uur 80,000 people
Population forecast Flevoland (2050) 465,000 Water use in agriculture sector 470 m3/ha
RWZI Almere 10 ha 5,800 m3/uur 300,000 people
RWZI Lelystad 7 ha 2,371 m3/uur 137,000 people
RWZI Dronton 5 ha 2,470 m3/uur 50,000 people
RWZI Zeewold 3 ha 830 m3/uur 35,000 people
Drinking water pipe Waste water pipe Farm community
ENERGY SYNERGY Energy demand (agriculture sector) 6,500,000 kwh/d Energy output Regional bioenergy 92,000 kwh/d Local sustainable energy 3,600,000 kwh/d 3,160,000 kwh/d 24,000 kwh/d
BIOCEL 1 ha 11,500 kwh/d ZAW 1,5 ha 17,250 kwh/d
Newly bulit 1,5 ha 17,250 kwh/d
Newly bulit 1 ha 11,500 kwh/d
Newly bulit 1 ha 11,500 kwh/d
Newly bulit 2 ha 23,000 kwh/d
Electricity grid Farm community
ORGANIC SYNERGY Household Organic Waste Flevoland (2050) 70,000 ton/y Household Organic Waste AMA (2050) 400,000 ton/y
BIOCEL 30,000 t/y ZAW 110,000 t/y
50,000 t/y
110,000 t/y
50,000 t/y
150,000 t/y
Waterway Railway Main road Farm community
37
CIRCULAR FARMING COMMUNITY - LARGER SCALE
N
Plots: 6 Area: 511 ha
Based on the business model, three sizes of farming community are proposed in the project. The large scale community lies beside the main road to the Lelystad and Almere, which is quite accessible by the residents in these cities. In the north and west direction of this community, there is a natural area which can be regarded as the urban outskirts attractions. So in this case, we propose a tourist centre as a innovation project in the community, and create an urban suburb agricultural landscape that integrate experiencing, leisure and sightseeing for short trips for the urban residents. PROMOTION 38
Cow Farm
Pig Farm
Vegetable/Crops
LOCAL
Water storage
Weed
Farmer household
Retailer Tourism
Education Windmill
Bio-digester
Pulses
Distributed factory
Insect farming
Processing factory
Consumer
Farm shop
Rwzi
Co2 storage
Bio-energy plant
Food hub
Shipping
REGION
Alternative Protein Farming Water Storage Manure Storage Biodigester
Tourists Center
Innovation Projects Paths
Main Road
Local Processing
Canal
Local Distribution
Cash Crops
39
Personal Holdings & Biodiversity
Grass Land
Livestock
Farm Land
CIRCULAR FARMING COMMUNITY - LARGER SCALE
40
41
CIRCULAR FARMING COMMUNITY - MIDDLE SCALE
N
Alternative Protein Farming Biodigester Knowledge Institution
Water Storage Local Distribution
Innovation Projects
Local Processing
Main Road Paths Canal
Plots: 6 Area: 313 ha
PROMOTION
Cash Crops
Personal Holdings & Biodiversity Pulses
Windmill
Distributed factory
Water storage
Farm shop
Processing factory
Vegetable/Crops
Pig Farm
Education
Bio-digester
Chicken Farm
Farmer household
Insect farming
Weed
Consumer
Farm shop
Rwzi
Co2 storage
Bio-energy plant
Food hub
Shipping
REGION
Livestock
LOCAL
Farm Land
42 CIRCULAR FARMING COMMUNITY - SMALL SCALE
N
Algae Fields
Water Storage Biodigester
Innovation Projects
Canal Local Processing
Local Distribution
Alternative Protein Farming
Plots: 4 Area: 120 ha PROMOTION
Cash Crops
Personal Holdings & Biodiversity
Windmill
Weed Water storage
Insect farming
Algae
Bio-digester
Farmer household
Distributed factory
Processing factory
Vegetable/Crops
Consumer
Farm shop
Rwzi
Co2 storage
Bio-energy plant
Food hub
Shipping
REGION
LOCAL
Farm Land
Main Road Paths
43
44 The project area are the municipalities of Morรณn and Hurlingham, located in the peri-urban area of RMBA. Currently they are poorly connected to the city of Buenos Aires through a lack of public transportation and the limiting industrial belt. The post-industrial area is located along the Morรณn river arm, which is part of the Reconquista river basin - one of the most contaminated rivers of the world caused by informal sewage discharge, waste and industries. The area is additionally exposed to recurrent flooding. In the project sites, the large quantities of informal settelments and the closed community (urban leisure places, high-end residential area) not only exacerbate the mentioned risks (contamination and flooding), but also cause certain social segregation. Therefore, the proposed long term strategy introduces a new integral structure, which aims to resolve contamination and flooding risks combined with the transformation of existing factories into recycling industries, which results finally into a more integrated, inclusive and safe society. This integral structure is expressed spatially in a river park along the creek and green-blue corridors in both municipalities. To clarify the implementation of our proposed interventions we introduce a more integral planning approach between municipalities, provincial and national governments and private institutions in order to facilitate an inclusive and sustainable future for the RMBA. FULL PROJECT: https://issuu.com/annaklimczak3/docs/booklet_ff
04
FACING THE RIVER --Confronting environmental & social risks of the Reconquista River 04/2018-06/2018 TUTOR:SEPULVEDA CARMONA, DIEGO ANDRES ; CALABRESE, LUISA
REGIONAL PLANNING/ACADEMIC GROUP WORK AUTHOR:ANNA KLIMCZAK / CHANG LIU / GABRIELA WALDHERR / LAURA LIJDSMAN / WANTING MENG LOCATION: BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA
Methodology Scales Methodology && Scales Methodology & Scales XXL XXLXXL world world
XL XL XL RMBA RMBA
world
L
LL
Reconquista Reconquista Reconquista River Basin River Basin River Basin
RMBA
TITLE MAP
TITLE MAP
legend 1
TITLE MAP legend 1 legend 2 legend 3 legend 4 legend 5 legend 6
legend 1 legend 2
legend 2
legend 3
legend 3
legend 4 legend 5 legend 6
legend 4 legend 5 legend 6
Methodology &Scales Scales Methodology Methodology &&Scales N
STRATEGY XXL XXL XXL
0
N 0
2,5
5
2,5 10 km
5
10 km
source: blablabla, 2018
source: blablabla, 2018
N 0
LL L
XL XL XL
world world world
M M M
Reconquista Reconquista Reconquista River Basin River Basin River Basin
RMBA RMBA RMBA
Hurlingham Hurlingham & & HurlinghamMorón & Morón Morón
2,5
5
10 km
source: blablabla, 2018
S
XS XS XS
SS
Morón Creek & Blocks Morón Creek & Blocks Morón Creek & Blocks
River Arm & Green River Arm & Green River Arm & Corridor Green Corridor Corridor
TITLE TITLE MAP MAPTITLE MAP 1 legend legend 1 2 legend legend 2
0
legend 3 legend 4 legend 5 legend 6
N
N
N
legend 1 legend 2
3 legend legend 3 4 legend legend 4 5 legend legend 5 6 legend legend 6
2,5
05
2,5
N 510 km 0
2,5km 10
5
10 km
source: blablabla, 2018 blablabla, 2018 source: blablabla, 2018 source:
0
N 0
0,5
1
0,5
1
2 km
2 km
N 0
MM M
XXL world
Hurlingham Hurlingham Hurlingham && & Morón Morón Morón
0,5
1
2 km
XS XS XS
SS S
XL Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires
L Reconquista River Basin
M Hurlingham & Morón
Morón Creek & Blocks Morón Creek Blocks Morón Creek && Blocks
River Arm & Green River Arm Green River Arm && Green Corridor Corridor Corridor
0
1
1
1
0 1
0,5 1
0 0,5
1
2 km
2 km
2 km
N
N
N
0,5
XS Morón Creek & Blocks
N
N N 0
S River Arm & Green Corridor
0,5
01
0,5
1 2 km 0
0,5 2 km
1
2 km
Globalization
N
N
Fragmentation & Disconnectivity
Institutional fragmentation & Social segregation
Fragmented areas Fragmentation in Lack of human scale through landuse & west-east riverfront & infrastructure Car orientated missing north-south and sense of security infrastructure connection
Flood risk & Contamination
Lack of water infrastructure & Environmental responsibility
Poor sewage and rain Lack of green Serious flooding water network problem in north area system Open waste and more pollution disposals & polluting risks from the south industries
11 1
N 0
0 1 0 0,5 0,5
0,5 1
1
2 km2 km
2 km
Climate change effects & Environmental risks
XL MAP - FRAGMENTATION
M MAP - FRAGMENTED AREAS TROUGH LANDUSE 45
XL MAP - ENVIRONMENTAL RISK CONCLUSION
M MAP - ENVIRONMENTAL RISK CONCLUSION
VISION SITE IDENTITY characteristics natural environment
traditional industry
characteristics built environment
no social surveillance
sports
lack of public space
waste
no hierachy in no orientation streets (monhony)
discard the river
avoid the streets
river as a backside
NATIONAL IDENTITY
theater
overall interest
no street life
1. Bring river back to the city 2. Bring people back to the streets 46 RIVER AS A BACKBONE
LEAF ANALOGY IN DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS AND STAGES
FACE THE RIVER
VISION
STRATEGY
47
Informal settlments Proposed resetlment locations
Dencification areas Areas along corridors
International Airports MetroBus line Green corridors Transport nodes Bus line
Comercial centres
Sport centre Education centre Culture centre
Recycling industries Research/knowledge centre
KEY PROJECT 1 - RIVER ARM NODE 2 Transformed river bank
48
49
KEY PROJECT 1 - RIVER ARM NODE 2 Transformed river bank
50
Existing section
Proposed section
51
L-SCALE EFFECT
52
53
XL-SCALE EFFECT
54
1. Strengthen the ring road connection for car used but also with public transport lines.
2. Integrate industrial areas and shared facilities by ring road structure to make it easily accessible.
3. Activation of industrial belt and transformation into new, recycling and clean industries with shared facilities,providing working places and entertainment.
4. Consider the rivers as new, valid, green infrastructure existing in the city not as a backside.
55
5. Integrate the new structure with the current one by creating a green network of corridors, spread on the city, bringing back consciousness about river into urban structure.
6. Rivers as the backbone with its green network provide inclusive open, public spaces and facilities.
For Beijing, both inclusiveness and noninclusiveness are part of its cultural identity. In the fast-growing society, a great deal of foreign population and the residents caused serious disjunction, while airtight basement is such an outcome. By reexamining, we find that by using a carrier such as a mirror, the basement can also take on the role of reconciling people.
REFLECTED LIGHT
好有趣！
How interesting it is! 加油宝贝！
Come on baby!
05
UNDERGROUND MIRROR GARDEN 03/2013-06/2013 TUTOR:CHEN HUI PARTICIPATED IN ALL SCOPES TEAM LEADER
UA CREATION AWARD&INTERNATIONAL CONCEPT DESIGN COMPETITION COOPERATER:LIN GUOJING, ZHENG ZHENZHEN ALL DRAWINGS AND MODELS IN THIS PORTFOLIO ARE DONE INDIVIDUALLY SUPERVISOR CHEN HUI:carchijoy@163.com LOCATION:CHAOYANG, BEIJING
56
Periscope building allows its users to observe view from the interior instead of the traditional windows. At the same time, the daylight can be passed through by the mirrors and light up the dark basement.
PLAN NORTH
VIEW
DAYLIGHT
8
GROUND
COMMUNICATION BASEMENT
-2.800
2
MIRROR
9
Since 2015, Beijing conducted demolition activities among rented basement. The design provides for the basement transition program. After the demolition, this place can be totally turned into public space.
-2.800
4
1
6 5
ENTRANCE
1 -2.800
-2.800
10
±0.000
7
8
2
3
Remove part of the wall
8 1
Wrap the negative space with mirrors 0
Enclose the courtyard
3 2
1 Stair
2 Room
3 Public Space Ⅰ (LIVELY)
4 Public Space Ⅱ (GENTLE)
5 Public Space Ⅲ (PRIVATE)
6 Bathroom
7 Kitchen
8 Equipment Room
9 Lobby
10
Guard Room
4m
Lobby
Bathroom Public Space (gentle)
Stair Public Space (private)
Room Stair
Public Space (lively)
Kitchen
Equipment Room
MODEL
57
DETAIL
Unit: cm
6
7
5
4
Steel frame
45
3
2
45
8 1
0.
8 0.
4
Mirror stainless steel
45
4
0.
2.5
6
0. 2
45
1.
45
Enuk
Steel sheet
45
72
77
5
6
7
45 71
45
47 47
45
51
53 47 47
62
4
51
56
55
53
56
55
47 47
45 45
51
45 45 45
55
45
45
45
87
87 45 45
78
71
3
50
51
51
51
58
2
87
47
70
1
SECTION
45
34
45
47
53
56
55
51
47
45
45
51
55
47
63
Bicycle Lane
84
114 45
38
47
47
47
67
47
47
47
47
72
53
47 35
56
78 45
62
51
71
132
45
45
70
71
50
58
8
PUBLIC SPACE
Sidewalk
Elm
Enuk
Concrete
Mirror stainless steel
OTHERWORKS 小菜 10/2012-12/2012 Agriculture Park Installation/Academic Tutor:Shen Yao
03/2014-05/2014 Artist Studio Group Architecture&Site design/Academic Tutor:Xie Fei
10/2014-12/2014 Factory diary Video/Academic Tutor:Chen Hui/Luo Jin
58
04/2015-07/2015 Tian Lun Art Museum Architecture/Academic Tutor:Shen Yao
09/2014-11/2014 Indoor Renovation Interior renovation/Academic Tutor:Miao Xin
10/2014-12/2014 Factory Renovation Architecture/Academic Tutor:Chen Hui
08/2015-10/2015 Bridge Urban agriculture/Academic Tutor:Jiao Sheng
59
02/2016-05/2016 Xupu Urban Planning Urban planning/Academic Tutor:Xu Yiqing
11/2014-01/2015 Community Museum Installation/Academic Tutor:Luo Jin