Comunidades, Tierra y Hábitat Yanomami Brasil Venezuela 2014

Page 1

33567689

3=567689

3<567689

3;567689

3:567689

Comunidades, Tierra y Habitat Yanomami Brasil-Venezuela 34567689

@56768A

3>567689

@56768A

3?567689

?56768A

!"#$%"%&'()*)' —”‹Š‹’‍™ ހ‏ Š Ù�‹

?56768A

2014

'( ) ( * + ( & #

E-

"% 1+ >56768A

>56768A

C(

$# D"(

356768A

,-&./0%#

'( ) ( * + ( & #

!"#"$%&+,%-.)

<56768A

<56768A

=56768A

!"#"$%&()5$&6,78$

=56768A

356768A

1+2#)#

!"#$%&

!"#"$%&9)&:#*,8)21)

;56768A

;56768A

!"#"$%&0)1)*$

!"#"$%&'()*$

!"#"$%&!)/)() !"#"$%&02)3)%)2

:56768A

:56768A

!"#"$%&!)/)4."3)

456768A

'( ) ( * + ( & #

456768A

,-&./0%#

!"#$%&

656768

656768

!"#$%&

Otros Territorios IndĂ­genas Č‹ Š‘Â?‹ – Š´ Â’´ —”‹Š‹’‹+

Unidades de ConservaciĂłn Nacionales

Terras IndĂ­genas-Brasil e Terras IndĂ­genas-Venezuela

Reserva de la Biosfera Ă reas Protegidas Departamentais

N

Tierra y HĂĄbitat Yanomami e Ye'kwana(Č‹  Â?‘Â? Â?‹ ›ƒÂ?ƒÂ?‹ —”‹Š‹’‹+ Area de OcupaciĂłn Yanomami-Ye'kwana

0

20 km

Territorio reconocido Č‹  Â?‘Â? Â?‹ ›ƒÂ?ƒÂ?‹( ”´ Â’´Â”‹’”ƒ‹ Šƒ ™ƒÂ?ƒ”´Â?‹(-*Â‹Â™Â‡ÂŠÂ‡Â‹ČŒ

456768B

20 10

Terra IndĂ­gena Yanomami Č‹ ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ?á–ĽÇĄ ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ?ÇĄ ‹Â?ƒÂ?ÇĄ ƒÂ?ĂšÂ?ÂƒÇĄ áŠľÂƒÂ”Â‘ÂƒÂ?´ ‡ ‡ǯÂ?™ƒÂ?ÂƒČŒ

RE A L IZ ACI Ă“ N

A P OYO

ƒ•‡ …ƒ”–‘‰”žĎ?‹…ƒ —Â?‹Ď?‹…ƒ†ƒ †‡ Ă€Â?‹–‡ Â?–‡”Â?ƒ…‹‘Â?ÂƒÂŽÇĄ Ă€Â?‹–‡ •–ƒ†ƒŽ › ”‡ƒ• ”‘–‡‰‹†ƒ• ÂƒÂ–Â—Â”ÂƒÂŽÂ‡Â•ÇŁ!"#$%&!'()*+,!"-.!#/0123450!.-!$3627/05483!%25420/94-3:0;!&-277-6-< 7-3540.0!'704=>?@::A?BB>4=C-9D704=>D=25420/94-3:0;D27>B075>4=B=-7E45-=,D! ‹‡””ƒ• › ƒ„‹–ƒ–• ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ?‹ › ‡ǯÂ?™ƒÂ?ÂƒÇŁ $%#!'()*+,F!G0:03490!'()*+,F!H27230/4!'()*+,F!IJKJL034! '()*+,F!IJKJL034!M74>430742!'()*+,F!IJKJ3N!'()*+,F!O703540!P-.430!-!#>J=:43!ML-.0=!'()*+,D! ‹‡””ƒ• Â?†À‰‡Â?ĥ Â?ƒ ‡Â?Â‡ÂœÂ—Â‡ÂŽÂƒÇŁ!Q2/J34.0.-=!$3.R>-30=!S-/0750.0=!-3!;0!"T.-< UV!'())W<()*X,!<!PYY!A070!V;!#/94-3:-Z!%-57-:0740![\53450!.-!;0!Q2/4=R23!]054230;!.-!S-/07505483!.-;!H^94:0:!K![4-770!.-!;2=!YJ-92=!K!Q2/J34.0.-=!$3.R>-30=D! –”ƒ• ‹‡””ƒ• › ƒ„‹–ƒ–• Â?†À‰‡Â?ÂƒÂ•ÇŁ!"#$%&!'()*+,D! ƒ””‡–‡”ƒ• › ‡Â?–”‘• ”„ƒÂ?‘•ǣ!"#$%&!'()*+,D! ‘Â?—Â?‹†ƒ†‡• Â?†À‰‡Â?ÂƒÂ•ÇŁ!$%#!'()*+,F!G0:03490!'()*+,F!H27230/4!'()*+,F!IJKJL034!'()*+,F! IJKJL034!M74>430742!'()*+,F!IJKJ3N!'()*+,F!O703540!P-.430!-!#>J=:43!ML-.0=!'()*+,F!QQY_!'())`,F!OJ304!'()*+,F!$T&V!'()*(,F!H27230/4!'()*X,F!Q#$QV[!'())a,F!$&U%T!'*aa+,F! $]V!'())*,F!Y72E4:0!-!G0:03490!'()*+,D! ”—’‘• ‡Â? ƒ‹•ŽƒÂ?‹‡Â?–‘ ˜‘Ž—Â?Â–ÂƒÂ”Â‹Â‘ÇŁ!OJ304!'()*+,D! ‹•–ƒ• †‡ †‡ Â–Â‡Â”Â”Â‹ÂœÂƒÂŒÂ‡ÇŁ!H27230/4!'()*+,F!$]#Q!'())+,F!Y72E4:0!-!G0:03490!'()*+,F! G0:03490!'()*+,F!$%#!'()*+,F!#]#Q!'()*),F!%-=04!'()*X,F!IJKJL034!'()*+,F!IJKJL034!M74>430742!'()*+,F!IJKJ3N!'()*+,D! ”‡•‡Â?…‹ƒ †‡ Žƒ• —‡”œƒ• ”Â?Ġĥ › ‹•‹‘Â?‡• ‡Ž‹‰‹‘nj )*)'($%#!'()*+,F!G0:03490!'()*+,D! ƒ•‡ †‡ ”‘–‡……‹×Â? –Â?‘ƒÂ?„‹‡Â?Â–ÂƒÂŽÇŁ!OJ304!'()*+,F!Q2/J34505483?!HJ:Jb070!'()*+,F!H27230/4!'()*+,F!IJKJL034!'()*+,F!IJKJL034!M74>430742! '()*+,F!IJKJ3N!'()*+,F!$]V!'())*,F! —‡•–‘• †‡ –‡Â?…‹×Â? ƒ Žƒ ÂƒÂŽÂ—Â†ÇŁ!%-=04!'()*X,F!G0:03490!'())`,F!H27230/4!'()*+,F!P434=:-742!.-!;0!%0;J.!.-!U-3-1J-;0!'()*+,F!IJKJL034! '()*+,F!IJKJL034!M74>430742!'()*+,F!IJKJ3N!'()*+,D! Â•Â…Â—Â‡ÂŽÂƒÂ•ÇŁ!%-57-:0740=!.-!V.J50cd2!.2=!V=:0.2=!.2!#/01230=!-!"2704/0!<!T"!'()*X,F!H27230/4!'()*+,F!G0:03490!'()**,F! QQY_!'())`,F!$]V!'())*,F!IJKJL034!'()*+,F!IJKJL034!M74>430742!'()*+,F!IJKJ3N!'()*+,D! ‡””‡Â?‘ ‡Â? ‡•…ƒŽƒ †‡ ‰”‹•‡•ǣ '@::A?BB=-7E-7D075>4=23;43-D52/B#75&$%B7-=:B=-7E45-=B G27;.e%@0.-.e"-;4-6BP0A%D,D 3?567689

3>567689

33567689

3=567689

3<567689

3;567689

NĂşcleos urbanos y carreteras Č‹ ƒÂ?‹›´ ›ƒÂ?ƒÂ?‹ —”‹Š‹’‹ Šƒ Â?ƒ’´ - Š´ ›ƒÂ?‘ ”´ Â?—‘™‡‹ – Š,(*+ Ciudades Č‹ ƒ’´ ›ƒÂ?Â‘ČŒ Carreteras Č‹ ƒ’´ ’‡‹ Â›Â‘ČŒ

Estadal

OrganizaciĂłn Kuyujani OriginĂĄrio! Č‹ ‡ǯÂ?™ƒÂ?ÂƒÇĄ ƒÂ?ĂšÂ?ƒ ‡ ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ?á–ĽČŒ OrganizaciĂłn Kuyujani! '_-ibC030!-!%03f/0,

Yanomami

OrganizaciĂłn Horonami Č‹ ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ?á–ĽÇĄ ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ? ‡ ƒÂ?ĂšÂ?ÂƒČŒ OrganizaciĂłn KuyunĂź! '_-ibC030!-!%03f/0,

Referencia de IndĂ­genas Aislados InformaciĂłn de IndĂ­genas Aislados

ƒÂ?‘Â?ƒÂ?á–Ľ _032/0/

Pistas de Aterrizaje Č‹ ‘–‘Â?‘ Â’´ Â?ƒ›‘ ”´ Â?Â—Â’Â”ÂƒÂ‹ČŒ Heliportos Presencia de Fuerzas Armadas Č‹ ƒ’´ ™ƒ›— – @´ Â’´ ”´ Â?—’”ƒ‹ – @´ ÂƒČŒ Misiones Religiosas Č‹ ‡‘•‹ ™ ÂŠÂ‹Â’´ÂƒÂ”´Â™´ – @´ Â’´ ›ƒÂ?‘ – @´ ÂƒČŒ Bases de ProtecciĂłn 'h74@4!32@4!A0:0!: @0A2JC-@-4!: @´ ÂƒČŒ Puesto de atenciĂłn de salud permanente Č‹ ƒ”‘Â?ƒÂ?‘–‹Â?ƒ Â’´ ›ƒÂ?‘ ”´ Â?—’”ƒ‹ – @´ ÂƒČŒ Escuelas Č‹ Â?‹Â?ƒÂ?‘–‹Â?ƒ Â’´ ›ƒÂ?‘ ”´ Â?—’”ƒ‹ – @´ ÂƒČŒ

Comunicación ȋ  ™ ›‘—™‡‹ – Š,(*+

Comunidades indĂ­genas Č‹ Š‘Â?‹ – Š´ Â’´ ›ƒŠ‹’‹+

Propuestas de autodemarcaciĂłn en preparaciĂłn

Grupo IndĂ­gena Aislado

Infraestructura

Internacional

Propuestas de autodemarcaciĂłn

!"#$%#&'(

Territorio sin reconocimento .- Š,(*(-*‹ Â?ƒ Â?ƒŠ‡‹ ›ƒÂ?ƒÂ?‹ ”´ Â’´Â”‹*(- Š,(*+

LĂ­mites Č‹ ”‹Š‹ ƒ Â?ƒ•‹Â?‹ Š‡ ™‡–‹‘’‡ ŠƒÂ?‹+

Territorio sin reconocimiento Č‹  Â?‘Â? Â?‹ ™ƒÂ?ƒ”´Â?‹ —”‹Š‹’‹ ’‡‹ƒ‹ ”´ Â?ƒŠ‡‹ –Š´ ÂƒČŒ

ProjeciĂłn SIRGAS 2000, 0Âş Gr. - Mapa elaborado pelo laboratĂłrio de geoprocessamento do Instituto Socioambiental em novembro de 2014

Territorio reconocido Č‹ ƒÂ?ƒÂ?‹ —”‹Š‹’‹ Â?‘Š‹ ”´ Šƒ–—Â?Â‹Â‘Â™Â‡Â‹ČŒ

Registro de grupos em aislamiento voluntario Č‹ Š‘Â?‹ – Š´ Â’´ —”‹Š‹ ŠƒÂ?‹ ›ƒÂ?ƒÂ?‹ ”´ Â’´Â”‹*Â‹Â™Â‡Â‹ČŒ

Otros pueblos hC2::JL0 _-gbC030

Radio Radio y Internet Radio y TelefonĂ­a Radio, TelefonĂ­a y Internet

%03f/0 ]430/ áŠľÂƒÂ”Â‘ÂƒÂ?´

Shiriana del Alto Paragua!']430/, 3:567689

34567689

456768B

Ă reas Naturales Protegidas Č‹ ”‹Š‹ Â’´ Â?‘ Š‹‹ ”´ Â’´Â›´Â‘Â™Â‡Â‹ČŒ


@",40(4,"03./0.<%$./0.1$3.',%$3. 6,"034$103.-=3.#"$%/03./01.-<%/,

´ ´ Ù ´ ‫ ހ‬

[?L==<8#dj1?[<[#B#CVTcZ?M<MLE#B<ZVT<T?#1=<E?!6PLZLUcL!<#9'*,*/3"8#)*#$"/*'"# 0/:)03"#*#0/3*2'")"8#3&)"#*+#X'*"#)*#&-.9"-0;/#)*+#9.*7+&#B"/&$"$08#*/#1'",0+#%#*/#P*/*5.*+"8# -&/#0/@&'$"-0&/*,#)*3"++")",#)*#,.,#-&$./0)")*,8#0/@'"*,3'.-3.'"#%#)04*',0)")#,&-0&+0/2N(,30-"># E*#3'"3"#)*+#9'0$*'#'*,.+3")&#)*#./#*,@.*'5&#-&/S./3&#)*#+",#&'2"/05"-0&/*,#0/)(2*/",#d.3.i"'"#%# ǡ ǡ ï ϐ Ǥ

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

L,3"#*)0-0;/#9'*,*/3"#)&,#4*',0&/*,#70+0/2N*,#*/#A&'3.2.:,6B"/&$"*#%#L,9"H&+6B`/&$`$08#+*/2.",# 9'*)&$0/"/3*,#*/3'*#+",#&'2"/05"-0&/*,#I.*#9'&9&/*/#*+#$"9"8#9*'&#-&/#+"#9*',9*-304"#)*#9'&).-0'#*/# 7'*4*#/.*4",#4*',0&/*,#3'").-0)",#"#+",#&3'",#+*/2.",#%"/&$"$08#0/-&'9&'"/)&#3"$70:/#/.*4&,#3*$",>

Comunidades, Tierra y Habitat Yanomami Brasil-Venezuela

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`*)"$ =5,-$@)(.-T-ab"4(\2(")*$1$S")(-4$!-.2&*.,-4$A",2)"5*4c$#*.($,*$-)*$#*("$'2)*/$(+($&"'2($1".-&"&($1"&"'($#"1*#)"(a &(+*$5"$b-.4,(,2T(].$W*$6*.*72*5"$#*$#"1*)(#)"&-#*$$,*"&"$,"(0*+*($&"'2(8

!&,#B"/&$"$0#@&'$"/#./"#,&-0*)")#)*#-"5")&'*,6"2'0-.+3&'*,#)*+#Z&'3*#)*#+"#<$"5&/("#-.%&#-&/3"-6 3&#-&/#+"#,&-0*)")#/"-0&/"+#*,8#*/#+"#$"%&'#9"'3*#)*#,.#3*''03&'0&8#'*+"304"$*/3*#'*-0*/3*>#[0*/*/#./"# 9&7+"-0;/#*,30$")"#)*#ab>GGG#9*',&/",8#)0,3'07.0)",#*/#"9'&O0$")"$*/3*#baR#-&$./0)")*,8#JWK#*/# *+#*O3'*$&#/&'&*,3*#)*#+"#<$"5&/("#1'",0+*'"#%#aRQ#*/#*+#,.'#)*#P*/*5.*+">###C&/,303.%*/#./#-&/S./3&# òÀ ǡ ǡ ǣ ǡ 0ǡ Ú ǡ ኵ ´ ȋ ǡ ʹͲͳͳȌǤ ʹ͵ ǡ Ǧ × ϐ Ǧ ȋ ϐ À À Ȍǡ × × Ǥ

2014

´ ´ ‫ ހ‬ Ù

?+($,*$.-"+"$%"&"'()*$#*)("($+*,",-")*$+"&($1"&",*$"$,"#)"#*$#*+($1"&",*"$,"#-2$(+($1")-$2)(+($"$#*($#)"&-#*$ 1"&"'($'-#*&-2$<"&(1*$Z9@>@A=!?$@>d=A?e=b?fA$%=A@!=!?c$$%"&"'()*$'2(/$+*($,*")*$'2($$<"&(1*$1".-&"&($ 6*.*72*5"$,*)($1"&"'($2)(+(#($#*(#)-#*$#*+(/1"&",*"$,"(/$1".-&"&($($1*/'2"."/$#*4+-$,+*+"$242'2('(.($,*"$'2-#*$(+($ ,*.-"+"$#"W"&-4$2+"&(/$T2.2T2.2&"$2+"&(/6*.,2")($2+"&($($T"2)"$2+"&(/$+*($,*")*$'2($(+()*#*4+-$1"&",*"$,-#)"'*a &"$"4-T("T(-.*4$<212g".($@)(U(.")(-/$<212.h$1$<212g".(8$?$A(."&$,*)($#*'"($.-+($""1*"'2)*$M$B+()(".,*)(Q$#")"U2"$ 2)*$-)")*$#)"#(*(+"$2)(+($"1"($#*(#)"#*+*$,*'"($,"#-2+*8$

L/#1'",0+#"9'&O0$")"$*/3*#JJ#$0+#9*',&/",#404*/#*/#+"#[0*''"#?/)(2*/"#B"/&$"$08#X'*"#)*#Q>bb_>QRW# ǡ × ǡ ± ǡ ϐ ʹͷ ͳͻͻʹǤ ǡ ǡ ͳͶ ǡ *,3"7+*-0)&#'*+"-0&/*,#-&/#+"#,&-0*)")#*/4&+4*/3*#%#,*#*,30$"#I.*#aWg#)*#+"#9&7+"-0;/#%"/&$"$0#)*# Ǥ ϐ À )*#+&,#A"'I.*,#Z"-0&/"+*,#A"'0$"#["90'"9*-;#%#E*''"/("#!"#Z*7+0/"8#+"#=*,*'4"#)*#10;,@*'"#<+3&#V'0/&6 -&6C",0I.0"'*#%#4"'0&,#T&/.$*/3&,#Z"3.'"+*,8#,0/#*$7"'2&8#:,3*#':20$*/#/&#2"'"/305"#"#+&,#B"/&$"$0# À × Ǥ ǡ ǡ +&,#+($03*,#)*#+&,#A"'I.*,#"-3."+$*/3*#-&0/-0)*/#3"$70:/#-&/#+"#9'&9.*,3"#)*#)*$"'-"-0;/#*/#9'*9"6 × × Ǥ × ϐ ǡ ǯ ǡ À ǡ ǡ ǡ À × ǡ ò Ǥ ǡ ϐ ǡ ± × ȋ Ǧ Ȍ À Ǧ ǡ ï × ϐ Ǥ

9*($,*"$,-,(+(,"0*/$2)(+($"1"($&-)(#)-2$-+-,*+"/$<"&(1*$1".-&"&($1"&"'($2)(+(#()*$'2($#)"2'20*$1"&"'($2)(+(#("$+()(a &"&-2$'2,(/$+*($"$2)(+($+"&($0"(4(#($2)(+($")*$0")("&-2$0*($,*$'2-$(+($,*$.-$"+"$.-"&"($1"&",*$,"#-2/$1"&"'($+('")(&-a #*$1"&"'($.((#($,"-#*$,*'21")-$($&(+($,*.($<"&(1*$1"&"'($(+"$#*+*,($2)(+($"$1"($,-#)"-$#)")(0*$1"&"'($'228$$<"&(1*$1".-a &"&($1"&"'(.(/$+*($2)(+($")*$'2($1"$".-+($1"($+(,(,(0*$(#"#-2/$2)(+($")*$'2($0")("&-#*$"&(8$?+($'2,**.($2)(+($")*$'2($"+"&($ +(,($,(0*$'"&(,1*$4+"#-.-$,*)($1"&"'(.($1"&",*#*)*$,"(0*($,*$'2#)"0*+"$"$1"($,-#)"-$#")(0*/$0*,($,*+"&"($.(($#*'2a #)"0*/+")-#*$#*+($,*#*$'2#)"0*$*."+"$<"&(1*$1"&"'($+"$'2"".($1"&"'($'",*+*0*$#)2)+-2$'2,(8$?+($,*$.-"+"$'"&"$2)(+($ 1"&""0"+"$'"($,"#-2$2)(+(.")(/$2)(+()(/$2)(+(.$#2+($+",2'*0*$'*"/1")-$#2+($+",2'*0*$'*#*$<"&(1*$1"&"'($#2+($+"$'2.($ ,-#)"-$1"&",*#*$1"($.-"#-2$'2)*/$+"#"$"($1*,2+"&($,*)*$'2"".-0*($."+"$+*($,*&($+")2+"&($1"&",*$,""$&"($#2+(-&(8

b"0$.7,4$1 70""&4,"&,."0(,%,(&/,.P$./0-$"($/,

ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǧ ǡ × × ȋ Dz dzȌǤ ǡ × Ǧ Ǥ ǡ ǡ À ´ Ǥ ´ À Ȁ ´ × × -&$9&'3"$0*/3&#)*,-&/3'&+")&8#,.74*',0;/#)*#+",#'*2+",#,&-0"+*,#"-3."+*,>#L/#+",#9'&@./)0)")*,#*/$"6 Ó ǡ À ǡ ±ϐ ´ ´ǡ À ǡ Ǥ Ó ǡ ´ Ǧ À Ǧ ´ǡ ´ Ǥ × ϐ ȋ Ƭ ǡ ʹͲͲ͵ȌǤ

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a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d=A?e=b?@AXB$1"&"&'(.($M92,2'")"/$=%>b=/'2)('"&"$1$;(i-)($W*5$5"W-$ 3)"4(5/$1$9-)-."&($1$B:%=@/$S*.*7-5".-$,*)(#*4+-Q$(+($1")-$+*($,2,*$,*")*$'2($,*"$1"($,-#)"-$#")(0*/$(+($+*($,*$'2'*($,*+*/$ &"#"$'*'($".($,-#)"-$($'",*+*0*$1"&"'($1"($#*)(+-2$'2'*($($+*."+"$1")-$#"1*)($,*$1"($'2#")(1-/$,-#)"-$.-4(*$+2-#*$#*+(8

<,(8#+"#9'&3*--0;/#)*#*,3*#3*''03&'0&#*,#-&/,0)*'")"#9&'#+&,#B"/&$"$0#-&$&#@./)"$*/3"+8#/&#,;+&#9"'"# 2"'"/305"'#+&,#'*-.',&,#/*-*,"'0&,#9"'"#,.#,&7'*404*/-0"8#,0/&#3"$70:/#9"'"#*+#*I.0+07'0&#)*+#$./)&# × ǣ Ǧ ǡ À ǡ À ǡ "7./)"/-0"#)*#-"5"8#+"#@*'30+0)")#)*#+",#9+"/3"-0&/*,8#*3-> Z&#,&/#9*I.*H&,8#,0/#*$7"'2&8#+&,#9'&7+*$",#*/@'*/3")&,#9&'#+&,#B"/&$"$0#9"'"#2"'"/305"'#+"#9'&3*-6 × Ǧ Ǥ À ǡ × ǡ Ǧ ÀǦ 2*/",8#*,30$.+")&,#9&'#*+#"4"/-*#)*#+"#@'&/3*'"#"2'&*O3'"-3040,3"#*/#"$7&,#9"(,*,8#3'"*/#0//.$*'"7+*,# Ó Ǥ ϐ Ǧ '&#f):-")"#)*#+&,#KGh#*+#/e$*'&#)*#2"'0$9*0'&,#*/#*+#X'*"#%"/&$"$0#@.*8#*/#*,*#*/3&/-*,8#*,30$")&#*/# aG#"#_G#$0+8#-*'-"#)*#-0/-&#4*-*,#+"#9&7+"-0;/#0/)(2*/"#"++(#'*,0)*/3*#fT<CT?!!?<Z8#FQQWh>#<./I.*#+"# ϐ Ó ͳͻͻͲǡ /e-+*&,#)*#$0/*'("#0+*2"+#-&/30/e"/#*/-+"4")&,#*/#+"#30*''"#%"/&$"$08#)*,)*#)&/)*#,02.*/#9'&9"2"/)&# 40&+*/-0"#%#2'"4*,#9'&7+*$",#,"/03"'0&,#%#,&-0"+*,>

Educación

ϐÀ ϐÀ ǡ ǡ ϐ ǡ × Ǥ ȋ ǡ ǡ )*+#+")&#1'",0+*'&8#%#d&'&/"$0#%#EcB<V8#)*+#+")&#4*/*5&+"/&h#40*/*/#*$*'20*/)&#-&$&#/.*4&,#*#0$9&'6 ǡ ǡ × ǡ × ϐ Ǥ

RbF

.

9"$3&1.

(0%30$/$

JF>bJR#

#

Brasil

ǡ ͸ͲΨ '*I.*'0$0*/3&,#%#3(3.+&,#$0/*'&,#'*20,3'")&,#*/#*+#M*9"'3"$*/3&#Z"-0&/"+#)*#A'&).--0;/#T0/*'"+#9&'# *$9'*,",#$0/*'",#9e7+0-",#%#9'04")",8#/"-0&/"+*,#%#$.+30/"-0&/"+*,#f=?C<=MV#k#=V!!<8#JGFah>#T0*/6 ǡ À À <$"5&/",8#+"#/.*4"#9&+(30-"#$0/*'"#)*+#L,3")&8#9'&$&40)"#9&'#*+#\&70*'/&#)*,)*#JGFF8#0/-+.%*#*O9+&6 × × Dz dzǡ Ǧ À ǡ Ǥ

G8_Jg

7,4$1./0.O,-<%&/$/03.&%/K#0%$3#

Região próxima à nascente do rio Marauiá, Terra Indígena Yanomami © Edson Sato/2011

L/#*@*-3&8#,.$"/)&#*,3",#X'*",8#*+#3*''03&'0&#%"/&$"$0#-&$9'*/)*#./"#)*#+",#$"%&'*,#%#$",# 0$9&'3"/3*,#X'*",#-&/30/.",#)*#7&,I.*#3'&90-"+#++.40&,&#)*+#$./)&8#-&/#7"S(,0$&,#(/)0-*,#)*# )*@&'*,3"-0;/#%#)*2'")"-0;/#@&'*,3"+8#%#)*#'*-&/&-0)"#0$9&'3"/-0"#9"'"#+"#-&/,*'4"-0;/#%#9'&).--0;/# ǡ Ǧ ǡ ǡ ȋ Ƭ ǡ ʹͲͲͻȌǤ

ͻ͸Ǥ͸Ͷͻǡͺ J

@,"(0%4$I0./0.="0$./06,"034$/$.

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

ʹʹͻǤʹ͵ʹǡͳ J#

S0%0'<01$.

7,4$1

FF>a_F# TUVWXY

JWK#

aRQ#

XTZ

̵ #

R#

bb#

ZT

>0#&34",./0.#"<H,3.$&31$/,3#

R#

G#

Z

<$"5&/",#%#=&'"0$"#

#<$"5&/",#%#1&+04"'#

[

K#

b#

][

D3(<01$3.&%/K#0%$3#

#Wa##

FGa##

]^X

@,34,3./0.$40%(&)%.0%.3$1</#

#RJ##

JQ##

]_]

>$/&,3#

#R_##

RQ##

]^T

_##

FJ#

]X

#_a##

__##

YZ

#G##

JF##

U]

D34"<(4<"$.\&1&4$"## # #

a#9*+&3&/*,#)*# @'&/3*0'"#fE.'.-.-.,8## <."'0,#*#T"3.'"-Xh#

a#1",*,#*# b#A.*,3&,#$0+03"'*, #

]U

\&33a03."01&#&,3$3. #

͵ × Ǣ ͹ ± Ǣ J#A'&3*,3"/3*,

͸ × Ǣ ʹ ±

U_

D34$/,3# \<%&(&H&,3#

@<%4,3./0.&%40"%04# @&34$3./0.$40""&'$I0# `01&H<%4,3#

Venezuela

9?>=!=!@;?!=

9?>=!=!@;?!=$

+()"&"&-,(&"$1".-&"&($#*$2)(+(#(+"&($#*)*$'2#)"($3)"4(5$,*)($,*#*)*$#","$)*$&"($,*#*.($#*1"j-$,""#-a ,"1-&"+*/$1"($#","$,*")*$#-,2+*,($,*#*4+-/$(+($,*+*$'"&"$+()")*0*$,*"+"$")*$#","&-2$0*(.($$,*"$#*("$ 4+-"'*&"8$?+($,*+*$1".-&"&($+()")*0*$#*'"($,"($4+-,")(-&"+*/(+($1")-$'"&"$#*$#*+($#*(#)-#*$,"$'"($,"a #)"($4+-")"1-&"+*M#)-1*T,-$%")"#(")(Q$$bb[%k?B=$,*)(#*.($*,*"$'-#*#)")*&"+*/$+*($*,*"$#*(#)-#*$#*+($"$ RF$)"4+"'*'(+"&($,*"$#*(&"&"+*$(+($,*+*$IFFK$"$)"4+"+"&($'"&",*#*.($bb[%k?B=$"$(#""$4+-")*&"+*8$<"a &(1*$1".-&"&($1"&"'($#*+($+()"&-,(&"$,*$1"($#*+*,($,-,(+(,"0*/$$,-#)"-$#"1*)($1".-&"&($1"&"'($(+"&($ ,*$'2-&($1")-$(+($1")-$1"&",*$+2&"()*$4+(,-#)"-0*($."+"$,*$+2(&(+"$-+-,*$'",*+*0*$,*$'2"&(8

%".-&"&($%"&"'()*$+()"1-2)*$'2""($0*($."+"$,*"&"$'2-$,*+*$+*($,*")*$'2($RLGL$"$)"4+"+"&($,*"$+"#"$ #*(#)")(1-&"/$(+($+*($,*".-4($,-#)"-$#-&-#*$#*+($'"&"$+*,2'"T(-.$,*)($"$#",".($,*"$1"($#*(#-&"/$(+($ &"'2($1"'24+-$,*)($"$+*,2'"T(-.$,*)(.($,-#)"-$-+-,*$,*$+2&"(&($(+($1")-$4+"#-.-$#*+"&($'"&"$,*")*$ '2"")*."+"$,*$-+-,*$+2&"(&(+*8$?$+*4'2*5"$%".-&"&($#*4+-/$."#*$&(4(-.*)-$#*4+-$,*1"($+2&"($,-""&"(a +*/$&"S"T"$&"S"\2(,"/$#5","."5$($-T"&-$,*)($#*(+"&(8$<-&($+*4'2*5"$+*($#*(+"&($#*)*$'2#)"($+"&($#","$ #)-0*$+*0*$'*#*$#*+(/+*($,*)*$'2"")*$."+"$#","$,*")*$1"()*$'2)*$,*,""&"(&(+*/$(+($1")-$S*.,2")($,*)($#*(a +"$"$'"($'2""/(+($1")-$4".*&"$,*)($#*(+"$"$'2"l$($T2*.T"$2+"&($"$'"($'2"8$?+($,*)(($'2"$"($,*+*$"($."#*$&-a 422$#*.($+*4'2*5"$+"&($,(-4($,*"+"&($,*$+()"($'2""&"+*/$(+($1")-$#")(&"/$'-1-0*$($'-4+()-0*$,*)($#*4+"a #-.-#($+"&($(+($+*$(,*)*$'2($IFFJ$"$)"4+"+"&($,*$'2""&"/$(+($,*+*$$#)*4(W*.,*$".($#*)*$1"4+2)*.-0*($,*+*$ '"&"$7-."$+*,2'"T(-.$,*)($".($1".-&"&($,*#*$#"1*)(#)"0*$C",".(H"$,*)($#*4+-$,*$"+-)*$,*)*&"&"'2$+*($$ ,*"$#*(#)"&"$.-&(+*$'"&"$#*(+"$#"1*)($#","$,*#*.($*,*$,"(&(+*+"8

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× ϐ */#+"#9"'"+05"-0;/#)*#+"#@&'$"-0;/#)*#9'&@*,&'*,>

<./I.*#*+#=:20$*/#)*#L).-"-0;/#?/3*'-.+3.'"+#10+0/2N*#*O0,3*#*/#P*/*5.*+"#)*,)*#FQRQ8#7"S&#+"#'*,9&/6 ,"70+0)")#)*+#T0/0,3*'0&#)*#L).-"-0;/8#+"#U&/"#L).-"304"#)*#<$"5&/",#/&#)0,9&/*#)*#+&,#'*-.',&,#/0#*+# ϐ × ò À Ǥ × Ǥ V'0/&-&8#FW#*,-.*+",#9'0$"'0",#%#./"#,*-./)"'0"#,&/#)0'020)",#9&'#+",#$0,0&/*,#E"+*,0"/",8#I.*#,&/#*S*$6 × ± × ò Ǣ Ǣ %#*/#+"#-.*/-"#)*+#C".'"8#*,3X#9'*,*/3*#+"#Y'"3*'/0)")#)*#Y&.-".+)>#!"#T0,0;/#Z.*4",#['07.,#)0'020;#*,6 ò ϐ ´ Ó ʹͲͲͷǡ @.*'&/#*O9.+,")&,#9&'#*+#\&70*'/&#Z"-0&/"+>#<#9"'30'#)*#*/3&/-*,#+"#U&/"#L).-"304"#)*#<$"5&/",#0/3*/3;# ǡ ǡ Ǥ

ϐÀ ǣ ǡ Ǥǡ ǡ Ǥ ʹͲͲ͵Ǥ ǯ ² Ǥ ǡ ǯ Ǥ ǡ Ǥǡ Ǥ Ǥ ʹͲͲͻǤ Ǥ Ǧϐ Ǥ ǣ Ȁ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ ȋ ǤȌǤ ʹͲͳͳǤ ² Ǧ Ǥ ǣ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ ͳͻͻͷǤ ǫ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ

Maloca na região do Catrimani, Roraima © Claudia Andujar / 1976

<"&(1*$1".-&"&($1"&"'($2)(+(#($+"&($1"&"'($#*+($0")--#*$#*+($&-)($(4(+"&($,*$&-)($'2"$0",2#"$#*a +"&(/$&"4+(,"$"+"&($,*$'2"&($(+($,*$'--#*$#*+($,*$2)(+($1"($#)"2'20*/$&"2+"&($,*'"($'2"&(+"/$&"'2($)^-$ !")"2(m/$H"g-$)^-$!2T"g"^$1$:)")(T2*)"$+*."+"$&"2$2#*$'2,")*."+"$,*#*+"&($,*$4+()-$0"(4(#($4+('",*+*"8$

%".-&"&($1"&"'($+2#*$#*+($,*1"($4+($0")(+(0*/$4+"#-.-$#*+*)*$0")-&-2$0*($,*1"($4+(0")($+(0*/$($("$4+"a #-.-$#")"0"$2T"4(+"&($#*'2#)"0*$(+"$."#*$+()")*0*$,(-4($,*"$,"#-2$0*+*($#*'"($'2"/$(+($1")-$0",2#"$ #*+"&($#*+*)*$0")-&-2$0*($"($#*'"($4+"#-.-$'2#)"0*/$(+($&"'2($+*($,*&($+")2+"&($+*$0")-2$,*'2"&($,*$ ,"#-2+*$#-)*4("$#*.(8$

Transporte

9:[X$[X9?/$

%=!=<?$9:[X$

Salud Comunicación

Aldeia Demini, Amazonas © Marcos Wesley/CCPY/2005

ǡ Ǥ ǡ ȋ ǤȌǤ ʹͲͳ͵Ǥ ­ À Ø Ǥ ǡ Ǥ

C=C=%@[X$

C=C=%@[X

;*"$3)"4(5$,*$2)(+($+"&($1".-&"&($#*"$0"1-#*$&-)($+")(-$#*+"&($1"&"'("$0"1-28$MBXB=?Q$,*)(#*.($JL$+"a )(-$#*$,"#-22$+*/$($1".-&"&($9:;:<=>=$,*)(#*.($IE$+")(-$#*$,"#-2+*$'"&"'*#*$#*+($(+($&"'2($GF$+"&($ #*0")-"$&"($0*+*($,*"$,"&-2$+*8

[*+($,*+"&($+")(-#*+"&($1"&"'("$0"1-2/$&"'2($"($4+"#-.-$#*4+($1"()*$0")(+(#)"($#*.-$1"($#)*""($,-,(a +(0*/(+($,*+*$+*)(&")*0*$"($#*)*$'2#)"(+"&($#")(&"/$-T"&-/!"S"T"/#5","."5$($!"S"\2(,"$,*#*)*$'2,")*a ."+"$-.($,*$-.($1*&"&-#*$,*#*$'2-&-#-,"1-&"$&"'2($(+($,*#*)*$'2#)"(+"&($,*#*$,-#)"-$'2"&(/$(+($,*+*$ ."#*$,*1"($#","$2)(+($'2-#*+"$")(-$(+()2#($0"$0"1-&"&-,(&"$,*#*$'2"8

L+#9'0/-09"+#"--*,&#"#+"#[?#B"/&$"$0#*,#9&'#4("#":'*"8#"#3'"4:,#)*#9*I.*H",#"*'&/"4*,#I.*#)*,9*2"/# ǡ À ϐ × Ȃ Ǧ /*,#)*#,*+4"#)*/,"#)*#'*+0*4*#)*,02."+#68#%#+"#'*,0,3*/-0"#)*#+&,#B"/&$"$0#"#+"#-&/,3'.--0;/#)*#-"''*3*6 Ǥ ϐ ǡ )*+#'(&#T"'".0X8#7"S&#'(&#T.-"S"(#%#c'"'0-.*'">

× ± Ǥ Ǧ 3"'("#L,9*-0"+#)*#E"+.)#?/)(2*/"#fELE<?h#$"/30*/*#'")0&,#*/#3&)&,#+&,#WQ#9./3&,#)*#"3*/-0;/8#%#d.3.i"6 '"#<,&-0"-0;/#B"/&$"$0#9&,**#,.#9'&90"#'*)#I.*#-.*/3"#"-3."+$*/3*#-&/#Jb#'")0&,>#!"#d<B#"-3."+6 $*/3*#-&/).-*#./"#-"$9"H"#9"'"#+"#"$9+0"-0;/#)*#,.#'*)*#"#RG#'")0&,>

;X!?@;?!=$ ;*"/$1".-&"&($+"#"$,-,(+(0*$4+"0")"$".($#*1"($$.-$#)*""&"&"+*$0"12$4+-&($"$4+"0")"$0"12.(/$(+($ 1")-$+"#"$1".-&"&($4+"0")"$0")(,(0*$"0"12.($1"&"'($+")()-.-&(/$B=>=![?@A$MRLEF$($RLGFQ$"$)"4+"a +"&($?$[>?B?[>?B?$=C=%:A?$MRLKF$?$RLLFQ$"$)"4+"+"&($'-&($1"&"'($4+*#)")(-&"8$9"#"$RLKF$"$)"4+"+"a &(/$#)-)-$#*$'-&()*$-+-,"&-.-0*($,*+*/$#)(4(#)(4($#","$"$0"12($'2-&"$1".-&"&($1"&"'($2)(+(#($+"&(/$(+($ ,*+*$RJY$4+"#-.-$1"&"'($.-&")")(-&"$($RLLF$"$)"4+",*+*$+")-&"&-,(&"$,*#*$1"($4+(0")(+(+-$&-#-a ,"1-&"/$(+(,(,(0*$4+"#-.-$#*+"&(8$?+($+*($,*+*$#","$+")-&")*0*$,*#*.($,*"$.-$'()(+(0*$1"($+(#*"$#-,"1-a &"+*8$?+($,*+*$IFFF$"$)"4+",*+*$1".-&"&($,*#*.($+")-&"&-,(&"$"$1".-$#*($&"($+"'2('(+*.($3)"4(5$,*)($"$ #","4+-$1".-&"&($9:;:<=>=$"4+-($#*$#-'-+"$'2('(.($1".-&"&($"$2)(+(+"$$,*1"($+"#"$0"4(#($,-,(+"+*)(a &"$(+($&"'2($3)"4(5$($1".-&"&($,*#*$,*")*$#*(#-.-0*+*($,*"$+"1-#)")(-&"/$(+($1")"-$+"#"$,*)*"$&(&-2)*$ '2"".-0*($."+"$*,*"$'2""($'-'*&"8$!"#"$"+"&($+")-&"&-,(&"$#*$1".-)*$'2,")*."+"$($+")-&"&-,(&"$ #*)*$0")-$-0*($+"&($1"&",*"$#*('*&"8$ Ǧ Ǧ )")*,#0/@*-3&6-&/3"20&,",8#9"'"#+",#-."+*,#30*/*/#7"S"#'*,0,3*/-0"#0/$./&+;20-"#/"3.'"+>#E&7'*#3&)&#+",# *90)*$0",#)*#,"'"$90;/#*/#+",#):-")",#)*#FQbGDFQRG#%#)*#$"+"'0"#*/#+",#):-")",#)*#FQKGDFQQG#'*,.+6 ± ϐ Ǥ Dzϐ dz ǡ × */#+&,#-."3'&#e+30$&,#"H&,#)*#+"#):-")"#)*#FQKG8#+"#$"+"'0"#@.*#0/3'&).-0)"#*/#2'"/#*,-"+"#*/#*+#3*''06 3&'0&#B"/&$"$08#++*4"/)&#"#+"#$.*'3*#"9'&O0$")"$*/3*#"+#FWg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f9&+&,67",*#%#,.769&+&,h>

!",#X'*",#&-.9")",#9&'#+&,#B"/&$"$0#*/#P*/*5.*+"#-"'*-*/#)*#0/@'"*,3'.-3.'"#9"'"#*+#3'"/,9&'3*#".6 ǡ Ǥ Ǧ À ǡ ϐ ǡ À ϐ Ǥ ± À ± ǡ ± × Ǧ 3*'&,>#<-3."+$*/3*8#+",#"*'&/"4*,#I.*#4.*+"/#*/#5&/"#%"/&$"$0#,&/8#-",0#*O-+.,04"$*/3*8#&9*'")",# 9&'#+",#Y.*'5",#<'$")",>

L+#,0,3*$"#)*#-&$./0-"-0&/*,#*/#*+#X'*"#B"/&$"$0#,*#7","#*/#*+#.,&#)*#'")0&,#)*#"+3"#@'*-.*/-0"8#"./6 ϐÀ × Ǥ ǡ × ǡ ȋ Ȍ À × Ǥ

;X!?@[X ,*"$6*.*72*5"$+"&($,*"/$1".-&"&($6*.*72*5"$,*$2)(+(+"&($4+"0")"$".($0"&")*'($'()*$1"($.-$#)*""&"a )"+*(/$(+($1")-$4+"0")"$0"12$0",(0*$"$1"($0"12$'2#)"0*/$#)(4(#)(4(/$'-+-)-&(#(4+($,*0"12/$"&-'($.(-$"$ 0"12/$(+($1")-$,*$0"12$#)2'"$,-,(+(0*/(+($+*($"$0"12)*$'2($MRLLRQ/$"$)"4+"+"&($"$0"12$'2-&"/$5*#,-4#(a )-4(4$MRLLEQ$"$)"4+"&+"&($"$0"12$'2-&"/$MRLLKQ$#"4+-$"$0"12.($'2-&"/$M$IFFLQ$"$9RAR$"$0"12$'2-a &"/MIFRFQ$;*+*$#)(4(#)(4($"$0"12$'2-&"/$(+($1")-$+"#"$,-,(+(0*$($+*,*+*$&"'2($,*")*$+"#"$4+"0")"$0"12a )*$'2-.-0*($."+"$,*$'20*4+-"0*8$9*1*&($+")-&"&-,(&"$,*#*$1".-&"$'2#)"($+/$+*)(&")*0*$,*#*&"$ '2#)"(+"/$($,-,-)-$"($,*+*$#*&"$'2-0*(+"/$($"($#*$4+"#-.-$+"&($+*$+-)-&"),*0*$#*$0")--&($($+2(&(/$#"a 1*)($,-#)"-$+*)(&"&-,(&"$'*'()*$'2($'*'($+2(&(+"$(+($1")-$GFY$4+"#-.-$#*+*$0")-&-2$&"($#*$'2#)"0*8$ IFFJ$$"$)"4+"$,*+*$&(.(4,*)(-$"$#","$4"52W$.(/$M#5".$%".-&"&(Q$"$#*($#)")*&"/$#"1*)()($4+"#-.-$#*)*$ #"1*'*#)"($#*+"&($+*)(&"&-,('*#*$0")--#*$#*+(/$4+"#-.-$#*4+(1"()*$0")(+(#)"($#*#*+($,*$'2#)")(-&"/$ MIFFJ$$"$IFFKQ$"$)"4+"+"&($#5".$%".-&"&($,*$'*",('-)"1-&"$,*#*)*$+"#")*$-+-,"&-.-0*($,*#*$&"j-.(/$ ,-#)-(&($,*$0"12.(/$(+($1")-$+"#"$#"1*)($#-)*4("#*.($,*)*$,"#-.-0*+*(."+"$,*'"($&"#)-2$4+-")"1-&"8(+($ 1")-$4+"#-.-$#*+"&($.-$#)*""($,*1"($'2-&-#-,"1-&"8 × Ǧ ǡ À ± ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ × ǡ ȋͳͻͻͳȌǡ ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍǡ ϐ ȋͳͻͻͺȌǡ ϐ ͳ ͳ ȋʹͲͲͻȌ ȋʹͲͳͲȌǤ × Ǧ ǡ × *+#3*''03&'0&#4*/*5&+"/&8#-&/#*+#"2'"4"/3*#)*+#*+*4")&#,.7'*20,3'&#*90)*$0&+;20-&> <./I.*#*O0,3*#./"#'*)#)*#,*'40-0&,#)*#,"+.)#@&'$")"#9&'#3:-/0-&,#B"/&$"$0#f*/@*'$*'&,8#$0-'&,-&6 90,3",8#*3->h#%#&3'&,#9'&@*,0&/"+*,#/&60/)(2*/",8#,;+&#./"#$0/&'("#)*#+"#9&7+"-0;/#30*/*#"--*,&#9*'$"6 /*/3*#"#*,3&,#,*'40-0&,>#!"#)0,9*',0;/#)*#9*I.*H",#-&$./0)")*,#*/#./#3*''03&'0&#$.%#*O3*/,&#%#)*# ϐÀ ǡ À Ǧ /")&#I.*#$X,#)*+#RGg#)*#+",#-&$./0)")*,#,*#*/-.*/3'*/#,.76"3*/)0)",#&#-&$9+*3"$*/3*#)*,",0,30)",> <#9"'30'#)*+#"H&#JGGW#*+#T0/0,3*'0&#)*#E"+.)#0/0-0;#+"#0$9+*$*/3"-0;/#)*+#A+"/#)*#E"+.)#B"/&$"$0# ȋ Ȍ × ǡ ϐÀ Ǧ × Ǥ ± Ó ȋʹͲͲͷǦʹͲͲͺȌ × ϐ ǡ Ǧ $0*/3&#%#'*).--0;/#)*+#*I.09&#3:-/0-&8#",(#-&$&#+"#-&/,0)*'"7+*#)0,$0/.-0;/#)*+#"9&%&#":'*&#9'*,3")&# 9&'#+",#Y.*'5",#<'$")",8#"@*-3"/)&#9'0/-09"+$*/3*#+"#"3*/-0;/#"#+",#-&$./0)")*,#$",#'*$&3",>

Aldeia na região do Toototobi, Amazonas © Victor Englebert/1981

­ ȋ Ȍ#*,# × ϐ "#3&)&,#+&,#9.*7+&,#0/)(2*/",#)*#+"#[*''"#?/)(2*6 /"#B"/&$"$0>#Y.*#@./)")"#*/#JGG_#*/#+"#"+)*"# ᖥǡ × ǡ ǯ Ǧ /"#)*#1'",0+>#A&"0((&)%*#=."#C"903`&#1*,,"#F_a8# 1&"#P0,3"8#=&'"0$"8#bQaGb6bJG8#1'",0+>#701B6,C %,*.GWW6#QW6aJJ_>bRbR>#D-$&1* ̷ Ǥ -&$>7'>#2&40* Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ # × ȋ Ȍ# × ϐ */#)0-0*$7'*#)*+#JGFF#)*,30/")"#"#'*9'*,*/3"'#+&,# +*2(30$&,#0/3*'*,*,#)*+#9.*7+&#0/)(2*/"#B"/&$"$0# )*#P*/*5.*+"#"#3'"4:,#)*#+"#9"'30-09"-0;/#%#+"#0/3*'6 ǡ ϐ Àϐ ǡ Ǥ A&"0(C (&)%*#c'7>#<+3&#A"'0$"8#E*-3&'#L+#1&,I.*8#A.*'3&# Ǥ 701B6,%,*.GWK6_Jb6R_R>RWaa>#D-$&1*#&'6 ̷ Ǥ Ǥ ǣ Ǥ 7+&2,9&3>-&$>#+$(0E,,F*#V'2"/05"-0;/#d&'&/"$0> # L+#G"<H,./0.7"$E$I,.2,(&,$-E&0%4$1./0.1$. J-$',%K$.L.MJ7JN59J#*,#./"#",&-0"-0;/#-040+# ϐ Ǧ /",#)*#P*/*5.*+"#*/#*+#"H&#JGGW8#-&/#*+#&7S*304&#)*# × ÀǦ 2*/",#%#"$70*/3"+*,#"#3'"4:,#)*#9&+(30-",#9e7+0-",# -&/-'*3",8#$*)0"/3*#+"#"'30-.+"-0;/#-&/#+&,#9.*7+&,# %#&'2"/05"-0&/*,#0/)(2*/",#%#-&/#+",#0/,303.-0&/*,# 2.7*'/"$*/3"+*,>#A&"0((&)%.0%.O$"$($3*#C"++*# ǡ Ǥ ǡ T;/0-"8#C"'"-",>#701B6,%,*#GWK6JFJ6bbF>KRJJ>#A&C "0((&)%.0%.@<0"4,.JP$(<(Q,*#<4>#=;$.+&#\"++*6 ǡ Ǥ ǡ ͳ͑ ǡ ϐ Dz dzǡ ǡ Ǥ 701B6,%,*#GWK6J_K6 WJF>__RJ>#D-$&1* Ǥ ̷ Ǥ Ǥ Aldeia Yanomami do Marari e ao fundo a Serra Aramamisi © Edson Sato/2010

#52J.C.5%34&4<4,.2,(&,$-E&0%4$1#*,#./"#V'2"/06 5"-0;/#)*#+"#E&-0*)")#C040+#)*#?/3*':,#Ae7+0-&#fVE6 Ȍǡ ǡ × ϐ ǡ ,&-0"+*,8#-&+*-304&,#%#)0@.,&,#'*+"304&,#"+#$*)0&# ǡ ǡ Ǥ ͳͻͻͶǡ +"#$0,0;/#)*#9'&9&/*'#,&+.-0&/*,#0/3*2'")",#"#+&,# 9'&7+*$",#,&-0"+*,#%#"$70*/3"+*,>#A&"0((&)%.0%. 2R,.@$<1,*#<4>#d020*/;9&+0,8#QGF8#E!>#aG>#E`&#A".6 ǡ Ǥ ǣ Ͳͳʹ͵ͺǦͲͲͳǤ 701B6,%,*#GWW6#FF#aWFW6 KQGG>#D-$&1* ̷ Ǥ ǤA&"0((&)%. 0%.9,$.S&34$*.=."#A'*,0)*/3*#C&,3"#*#E0+4"8#FFb># ǡ Ǥ ǣ ͸ͻ͵Ͳ͸Ǧ͸͹ͲǤ 701B6,%,*.GWW6 QW6aJJ_>RGbK>#D-$&1* ̷ Ǥ &'2>#2&40* Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ O,1$E,"$(&)%* ×

Ǣ × ̵ Ǣ × À Ǣ ­ ǯ Ǣ Ǣ Ǥ

!"#$%&'$(&)%* ± ǡ ² ϐ ǡ ]&,:#1*-*''"#=.058#T&'*/&#E"'"04"#T"'30/,8#=*/"3"# <+4*,>#+,"-$(&)%./01.2&340-$./0.5%6,"-$(&,%03.

ϐ ǣ ² ϐ ǡ ]&,:#1*-*''"#=.058#=*/"3"#<+4*,>#7084,3*#<0$:#[0++*338# × ǡ × ǡ ± ǡ ǡ ² ϐ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ T&5"'0+)&#B"/&$"$0>#9:3;<0/$./0.&-=#0%03*# C+X.)0&#<9"'*-0)&#["4"'*,>#>0?&3&)%*#<+*S"/)'&#=*028# ǡ ± ǡ Ǧ 4*0'"8#T"'("#[*'*,"#^.0,9*8#T"'0"#V+04*0'"8#=*/"3"#<+4*,># Ó ϐ ǣ#=&7*'3&#E3'".,,>


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.