Життя Святих [Т.1]

,II;BOXTHC.HqoJii TTIO Bi,z:r; Hapo,z:r;meHH.H focrro,z:r;a Harnoro Icyca XpHcTa IIpHCB.HqyeMO

CB. IBAH 30JIOTOYCTHR, CB. BACHJIIR BEJIHKHfi, CB. fPHfOPifi BOfOCJIOB

AH,II;PIH HOCA«PAT rPHrOPIH TPYX

mHTTH CBHTHX Y l:IOTHphOX KHHrax

KHI1fA

Cil:leHh • AroTHH • 6epe3eHh 811,D,BHHR ,D,pyre, a11npaaneHe Ta ,D,onoaHeHe

• BII1,1J,ABHII1L(TBO OTL(IB BACII1n1S1H

"MICIOHEP" nbBIB •1997

3a ,ll,03BonoM L.l,epKOBHoi" Bna.n.111

XpucmuRHCbKi CBRmi Biporo u .nro6oB'JO, Mo.numBOJO, npa"f1teJO i ]ICepmBOJO, 6opomb60JO, KpoB'JO i zepoucbKOJO cMepmro nanuca.nu iJBMmuc.Jl'lo.nimnJO icmopi10 Bo]!Cozo ~ape mBa na 3eM.ni -

icmopiiO npRMyBaHHJl .JlJOiJUHU ao Boza.

AniJpiu HocafjJam Fpuzopiu Tpyx (1894-1959), iepoMonax lfuny CB.Jlmozo Bacu.ni.Jl Be.nuKozo, nona(} iJec.Jlmb poKiB npa"f1tJ08a8 naiJ mBOpOM npo ]ICUmmR CBRmux Bo]ICUX yzoiJnuKiB, "f1tUX iJocKona.nux .nroiJeu, Be.nemniB iJyxa, zepo'iB xpucmuRHCbKo'i 'tecnomu. Bonu, ne MaJO'lU B.naiJu, 6azamcmBa u BuzoiJ, cu.no10 Bo]!Co'i .nacKu u zepoilcbKo'i Bipnocmi XpucmoBi cma.nu JlCHUMU cBimu.naMu na w.nRxy nawo'i ManiJpiBKU y Bi'lnicmb. Bo CB.Jlmicmb 3aB]!CiJU nepeBUf4Umb nau6i.JtbUlY 3eMHY Be.llU'l.

© M. 3aRI..(b, o6KJlaAL-1HKa Ta <)>poHTL-1Cnl-1c, 1997

ISBN 5-7707-8941-7

© BL-1AaBHL-11..(TBO "Miciotffip", 1997

"J(HBEH BOF BO CBHTHX CBOlX" Ha namiU 3eM.ni 6y.no 6azamo max:ux .n10oeu, :JJCummJl u oi.na Jlx:ux nooua.nJl10mb y x:o:JJCniU cmoponi caimy, a 'ixni iMena - B nomani ma .n106oai 6azambox HaZJ,-iU. H a i'xn10 ttecmb e~c.naoa10mb nicni u 6yoy10mb ZJ,-epx:au, a nepeo 'ixniMu aiBmap.FlMu u o6pa3aMu cma10mb naax:o.nimx:u Mi.nbuonu .n10oeu 3 ycix ttacmUH CBimy U MO.llJlmbCJl 00 HUX...

C f..Ji .n10ou - CaHmi - au6pani oco6u 3 ycbozo .ll100Cb1COZO pooy, npo Jlx:ux yci aix:u cniaae nama f..J epx:aa: "!(uaen Boz Bo CaJlmux cao'ix".

Buxoaani npaaouao10 Xpucmoao10 f..J epx:ao10, BOHU, 3a Bo:JJCo10 .nacx:o10, max: :JJCUBO aipu.nu B I cyca Xpucma, max: cepoettno .n106u.nu Hozo, max: z.nu6ox:o npounJl.nucb caHmo10 '-Layx:o10, max: aipno nac.niOyaa.nu ozo, ZftO ace CBO€ :JJCummJl • rtOCBJlmu.nu Bozoai Ha c.naay, a co6i u .ll100Cb1CUM oymaM Ha cnaciHHJl. "JI106UmUMem CBOZO Focnooa Boza BCiM CBOlM cepZJ,-eM, BCi€10 CB0€10 oyme10, yci€10 CB0€10 oyM1C010 U yci€10 CB0€10 CU.ll010, a CBOZO 6.nU:JJCHbOZO, Jl1C CaMOZO ce6e", - C1Ca3aB Xpucmoc, i BOHU oox:.naoa.nu BCiX 3YCU.llb, ut06 OOC1COHa.no cnoanumu ZJ,-i nauzo.noanimi Bo:JJCi 3anoaioi.

Boz 3Haa 'iXH€ nao3Buttaune 6a:JJCaHHJl, 6attua 'ixH€ ae.nux:e, zepOUCb1Ce 3YCU.ll.llJl, ttyB lXH€ HeBnUHHe 6.nazaHHJl U oonoMiZ i".lt cmamu oocx:ona.nuMu xpucmuJlHaMu, CBJlmuMu .n100bMU. Bonu napoou.nucb max:uMu, JlH: MU. !(eHx:i 3 nux cnottamx:y 6y.nu HaBimb Be.llU1CUMU zpimHUH:aMU. Ta 3ZOOOM BOHU no6opo.1U cao10 zopoicmb, 3apo3yMi.nicmb, 3ax.nannicmb u ycHx:i zpimni nottyBaHHJl, noq,nicm10 3Minu.nucb i 3po6u.nu max:uu nocmyn y ttecnomax, ZftO cma.nu xpucmuJlHCbH:UMu zepoHMU, CBJlmuMu.

i.i

I xn.R C8Rmicmb ne 3aJLuutuJtaCb maeM7-tUlfe10. Boz 3a "ixn10 zap.Rtty JL10608 u 8ipny cJLy:JIC6y npocJLa8U8 "ixni iMena Mi:JIC JL108bMU naca.M.nepea pi37-tUMU tty8a.M.u, ~o po6ztB ttepe3 nux.

3zo8oM !..{ep1C8a, aocJLiau8utu JICumm.R u ttecnomu mux JLJ08eu, npOZOJLOCUJLa "ix C8.RmUMU, a oanottacno u 3aoxomuJLa 8CiX 8ipnux, ~o6 8onu mux JLJ08eu, .RICUX I..{ep1C8a 8U37-taJLa 3a nau8ipniutux Bo:JICUX CJLYZ i nauKpa~ux aimeu, npocJLa8JL.RJLU, nacJLiay8aJLu "ixni ttecnomu, 8038arottu wany 8CeMozymnboMy Bozo8i, .RICUU aa8 1-ta.M. ce6e ni3namu "80 C8.Rmux C8o"ix".

06 i 1-taut y1Cpa"i7-tCb1CUU napo8 31-ta8 mux nau6iJLbUlUX Bo:JICUX cJLyz, MU noaaeMO y ttomupbOX 1C1-tUZax JICummenucu 8cix mux C8.Rmux, ttui' iMena 3a37-tatteni 8 nautoMy lfep1C087-tOMY 1CaJLen8api, a, 1CpiM mozo, 8o8aeMO JICUmmenUCU U i1-llllUX C8.Rmux 3 pi3nux ttaci8, 1Cpai'8 i napo8i8, ~o6 na 1COJIC7-tUU aenb Bo:JICOZO poKy no60JIC1-ti JL108U MOZJLU .M.amu ayxo81-te tt路umann.R. Yci mi, Kozo I..{ep1C8a 8U37-tae 3a C8.Rmux, 6yJLu xpucmu.RnCblCUMu zepO.RMU, .R1Ci C80e10 8ipo10 i JL10608'10, MOJLUm8010 ma npalfelO, mepne.JW8icmro i JICepm8o10, a ttacmo u Mytte7-tUlfb1C010 cMepmro 8aJLu naM 8eJLu1Cuu npuKJLaa nacJLiay8ann.R I cyca Xpucma, .RICUU C1Ca3a8: "Xmo xotte umu 3a M1-t010, nexau 3pettembC.R ce6e, 8i3bMe C8iu xpecm i uae 3a M1-t010". IIi31-ta10ttU C8.Rme JICUmiif.R U zepOUCblCi 8llU1-t1CU lfUX 80C1C01-taJLUX JL108eu, MU n08U1-t1-ti Ca.M.i me:JIC JICUmU 80C1C01-taJLO U C8.RmO, noai61-t0 80 JICUmm.R C8.Rmux, .R1Ci 6yJLu nau8ipniutUMU CJLyzaMU Boza, 7-tau6iJLbUlUMU 8o6pOttU1-tlf.RMU 8CbOZO JL108Cm8a, 1-taUICpa~UMU 8imbMU C80el piano"i 1-tal,fi"i.

YKpa"incbKuu napoa Mae maKo:JIC c8oi'x C8.Rmux. Mi:JIC nuMu, 1-t~atte ne6ecna .RC1-ta 30p.R, 1-taUl 8opozuu Mytte1-tU1C, C8.RmUU Hocarpam.

Ta na.M. mpe6a na6azamo 6iJLbute xpucmu.R7-tCb1CUX zepo"i8.

ToMy ao6pe 3p06JL.Rmb yci mi no60JIC1-ti yKpa"inl,fi, .R1Ci ao no60JIC1-tOZO ttuma7-t1-t.R "HCumm.R C8.Rmux" aoJLyttamb ~e 3ycuJLJL.R nacJLiay8amu no8ne ttecnom JICumm.R C8.Rmux, a maKo:JIC i cep8ettny MOJLum8y, ~o6 rocnoab ttepe3 M api10, M amip YKpa"inu u !..{ apUlflO 8cix C8.Rmux, ttepe3 MOJLUm8u 8cix C8Rmux, .RKi 8UuutJLu 3 Y1fPa"incb1Cozo napoay, 8U8i8 3noMi:JIC nac 6azamo no8ux Hocapami8, BoJLo8uMupi8, Anmonii'8 i Teoaocii'8, OJLbZ ma e8ppocuniu.

m

4

HAHKPAmA KHHFA Bazamo ll10fJeu y cBimi nucallu npo icmopi10 l..J epKBu, oepJicaB i napofJiB, fjJillOCOfjJi'i i ICYllbmypu.

Ta naulfinniuty icmopiro nanucallu xpucmu.RncbJCi CB.Rmi. Bonu ne nepoM, a Biporo u ll106oB'10, MOllUmB010, npalfe10 i J~CepmBo10, 6opomb6010, KpoB'10 i zepoucbJC010 cMepmro nanucallu H-aM fJBoxmuc.Rttollimnro icmopi10 XpucmoBo"i I..JepKBU na 3eMlli, C1W3aBUlU 1-laUCUllbl-liute CllOBO npaBfJU npo xpucmU.Rl-lCblCY Bipy, npo CUllY Bo:Hco"i llaCICU i CB06ofJy ll10fJCb1COZO BU6opy. CBOlM c.rLOBOM u fJillOM nanucallu naM CB.Rmi icmopi10 Bo:HCozo I..Jape mBa na 3eMlli, icmopi10 np.RMyBa1-l1-l.R ll10fJU1-lU ao Boza CBOZO Bittl-lOZO w,acm.R - mie10 fJopOZ010, .R1CY CBOlM npU1CllafJOM i CllOBOM noJCa3aB caM路 X puc moe. JKumm.R xpucmU.R1-lCb1CUX CB.Rmux AnocmolliB, Ilan i enuc1ConiB, CB.RW,e1-lU1CiB, .w.onaxiB, cecmep i npeBelluJCozo ttuclla CBimcbKUX ll10iJeu 6yllo nailcllaBniutuM nifJmBepfJ:HCenn.RM XpucmoBo"i nayKu na JeMlli; 6yllo xpucmu.RncmBoM na npaKmulfi, .RICe MO:HCna OZll.RfJamu i nofJuBll.Rmu, ll106umu i nacllifJyBamu. JKumm.R CB.Rmux e muM nauauw,uM w,a6lleM ll10fJCbKO"i KYllbmypu, na R.Ke MOJICe nifJnecmucb ll10fJcmBo na 3eMlli. Bci MypPelfi, MUmlfi il zeni'i cBimy ne 3Mo:HCymb fJo Kil-llf.R cBimy cmBopumu nittozo u,inniutozo u Belluttniutozo, ni:HC caMe :HCumm.R xpucmu.Rl-lCbJCUX CB.Rmux.

3anpononoBana Knuza nofJae naM BipozifJni onucu :HCumm.R npaBefJnux ll10fJeu, 6a:HCann.R, CllOBa u fJilla .RJCUX 6yllu zepoucb1CUM cnoBnenn.RM XpucmoBo"i BOlli u 3aoxomu: .. m yJCaume nepute l..J apcmBo Bo:HCe ma uozo cnpaBefJlluBicmb, a Bee inute BaM fJoJCllafJembc.R" ( Mm 6:33 ). "TalC nexau cBimumb nepefJ ll10fJbMU Baute cBimllo, w,o6 Bonu, 6attuButu Bauti fJo6pi BttU1-lJCU, npocllaBll.RllU Bautozo Omlf.R, w,o na ne6i" (Mm 5:16).

Knuzy "JKumm.R CB.Rmux" MOJICna noKllacmu nopytt 3i CB. eBanzellif:M, 6o B niil - nailBipniute nacllifJyaann.R npuKllafJy JICumm.R caMozo I cyca Xpucma u BUJConann.R uozo 6oJICecmBen路 no"i nayJCu. CB.Rmi Bo:HCi yzofJnuJCu - 4e JICUBi, .Rcni cBimulla na utll.RXY nauto"i ManfJpiBKU y Bittnicmb, Bellemni iJyxa, zepo"i xpucmu.Rn路 CbJCo"i ttecnomu, npuKllafJ fJll.R mux ll10fJeu, .RKi iJalle1Co BifJ6ullUCb BifJ xpucmu.Rl-lCbKozo utll.Rxy. Bonu ne Mallu BllafJu, 6azamcmBa u BuzofJ, na .RJCUX mpuMaembc.R Bellutt 3eMnux BOllofJapiB, a millbJCU 31-leBdzy, necmamJCu i BC.RKi mepninn.R, npome,

5

... TY.D:R, .D:E BCI CB.HTI

He36a:HCaJOttu 1-ta 6Ce 4e, 801-lU cuJtoJO Bo:HCo"i JtacKu u zepoucbKO"i 6ip1-locmi Xpucmo8iU Wei" npocJta8UJlUCb C80"iMU ao6pUM.U aiJtaM.u, 6eJlUtt1-licm·JO Jl10608i u :HCepm8U. MiJlbUOI-lU JlJOaeu pi31-lUX 1-ta4iu menep 1-ta KOJtiHax 8Waaromb "iM ttecmb i npoc.Rmb i·xl-lbo"i aonoMozu 6 oco6ucmux, poau~-tHux, Hapoa~-tux, a mo if y 6CeJtroacbKUX cnpa6ax .RK y Mozym~-tix nocJta1-t4i6 T8DP4R 1-te6a u 3eM.Jti, ttozo, no3a C6~tmuM.u, 1-te 3ao6yae co6i 1-liKoJtu JICoael-l ze~-tiu c6imy. C6~tmicmb 3a6:HCau nepe6u~umb ~-tau6iJtb· wy 3eM1-lY 6eJlUtt. Cepea C8.Rmux 6yJtu ayx061-li u C6imcb1Ci oco6u, 1CI-l.R3i i nWaal-li, 8UCOKOOC6itte1-li i 1-lezpaM.oml-li, 6azami u y6ozi, 6ambKU i aimu, Jtiml-li U M.OJlOab, tt0Jl08i1CU ma :HCil-lKU, nal-lU i CJlYZU. CnottamKy 801-lU ay:HCe 8Wpi31-l.RJlUCb oaul-l 8W oal-lozo, ma 1(0JlU aiuLUJlU ao 6epLUU1-l xpucmU.RI-lCblCUX tteCI-lOm, n036yJtUCb JeM.Hux 8WMi1-lHOcmeu i cmaJtu 8u6pa~-toro pacoro Jtroaeu "oa~-to­ zo cep4.R u oal-lo"i aywi". IIpu8eJla "ix ao mozo 6Jta:HCe1-l1-lOZO cma1-ty ma C8.Rma JtJ06o8, .RKOJO JtJ06uM.o Boza 1-taa yce, a 6JlU:JIC1-lbOZO - .R1C ce6e. y cix C8.Rmux M.O:HCI-la noaiJtumu I-ta a8i zpynu. B nepwux 8iKax xpucmu.RHCm6a, KoJtu nozal-lu 1-leM.uJtocepal-lo nepecJtiay8aJtu xpucmu.RI-l 3a "ixl-lJO 8ipy, C6.RmuM.u 6yJtu nepe6a:HCHO Myttel-lUKU, .RKi nepemepniJtu Kputfil8y MYKY u 6WaaJtu c8oe :HCummR Ja Xpucma. Bo1-tu 6yJtu muM.u JtJOabMU, npo .RKUX cKa3a8 Xpucmoc: "Hixmo 1-te Mae 6iJtbtue JtJ06o6i, RX moil, xmo c8oe :HCummR 6Waacmb 3a c6o"ix apy3i6". Hi nepeKo1-ly6a1-l1-l.R MyttumeJti8, 1-ti "ixl-li nozpo3u, 1-ti mropM.a, 1-ti 80Z01-lb, 1-ti ttem6epmy8a1-l1-l.R miJta, 1-ti JtaM.al-ll-l.R Kocmeu, :HCoa~-ti i~-tzui MyKu 1-te 3MOZJtu 3axumamu "ix y C6.RmiU 6ipi u 8iaJtyttumu 8ia Xpucma.

KoJtu :HC MU1-lY6 ttac Kpu6a6ux nepecJtiay6a1-lb 3a 6ipy, aep1C6a aaJla 1-laM. 6azamo C6.Rmux il-lZUOZO poay, .RKi aiUzuJtu ao C6.Rmocmi 1-laCJtiay8a1-l1-l.RM. 6o:HCeCm6e1-l1-lUX Xpucm08UX 'leCI-lOm, aocKOI-laJlUM. 6Un081-le1-l1-l.RM. Xpucmo60ZO 3ano6imy: "Xmo xotte umu 3a Ml-lOJO, 1-texau 3pettembc.R ce6e, 6i3bMe c8iu xpecm i uae 3a M.1-l010". Ti JlJOau cmaJtu aocKOI-laJlUM.U, ao6po6iJtb1-lOJO 86ozicm10 nepeM.ozJtu 8 co6i cno1eycu 3axJtaHHocmi, noKoporo - :HCaao6y 6U8u~e1-l1-l.R u JtroacbKo"i cJta6u, yMepm6i1-ll-l.RM. - 6y1-tm miJta, 6e3Me:HCHOJO noc8.Rmoro CXUJlbl-liCmb ao 3eM.1-lUX 6Jtaz. Jl 10au pi31-lOZO cmal-ly U ttUI-ly, oc6imu, 8iKy i cmami aaromb HaM noau6y zW~-tuu npuKJtaa zepoucm8a 6 ttec~-tomi. I noxW mux C6.Rmux 1-te cKil-lttUmbc.R: 8W aa61-liX nycmU1-l1-lU1Ci8 a:HC ao cyttaCI-lUX C6.Rmux 3pocmaJOmb

•

7

p.FtiJu mux Bo:HCux Bu6panl{i6, .FtKi cepe() 3MamepiaJLi3oBanozo U p036e14eHOZO CBimy 3yMiJlU OOCKOHaJlO "wyPCamu nepUte Bo:HCozo I{ apcmBa i uozo cnpaBeiJJLuBocmi". lfuma10ttu KHuzy ")Kumm.Ft CB.Ftmux", BU ni3naeme nauKpa14UX Jl100eU, .FtKi OOci JICUJlU Ha 3eMJli. I{.Fl KHUZa OOnOMO:HCe BaM 3po6umu CBO€ :HCumm.Ft 14aCJLU6UM i cJLaBHUM menep i Ha6iKU. II epei) C6. Xpu14eHH.FlM 6U6upaume OJl.Fl C60lX oimeu iMeHa 3 4ie'i Knuzu, 1406 KO:HCHa yKpa'iHCbKa oumuna MaJLa B ne6i cBozo CB.Ftmozo 3acmynnuKa. MaeMo CB.Ftmy Bipy i CB.Ftme Xpu14eHH.Ft, nexau :HCe cB.FtmuMu 6yoymb i nawi iMena. Mu MamuMeMO 6iJlbUlY CUllY U CJlaBy, KOJlU iM'.Fl U :HCUmm.Ft KOJICHOZO yKpalHl{.Fl 6yiJymb noiJi6HUMU 00 iMeHi U :HCUmm.Ft oonozo 3 BeJLuKux CB.Ftmux y ne6i .

.

rOJIOC XPHCTOBOI QEPKBH

.,

YnpoOOBJIC icnyBaHH.Fl Jl100CbKOZO pooy 6azamo oyw CB.Ftmux Jl100eU 6miUta10mbC.Fl 6J/Ce CbOZOOHi BillHUM 14acm.FtM y He6i.

Kozo 3 JL10iJeu MO:HCHa nicJL.Ft cMepmi BBa:HCamu CB.FtmuM, 4e iJoKJLaiJng;i)ocJLiiJ:HCye u ycmaMu nenoMUJlbHozo XpucmoBozo H aMicnuKa npozoJLowye BCboMy cBimoBi CB. KamoJLUl{bKa I{ epKBa. TiJLbKU na ocnoBi maKozo piwenH.Ft AnocmoJLbCbKO'i CmoJLul{i B PuMi MO:HCHa BiiJiJaBamu CB.FtmuM npuJL10iJHy, ofjJil{iUHy ttecmb.

II epwuMu, Kozo XpucmoBa I{ epKBa 6U3HaJLa CB.FtmuMu i 003BOJlUJla BiiJOaBamu lM tteCmb, 6yJlU C6. MytteHUKU, .FtKi 6 nepwux BiKax xpucmu.FtncmBa 3azunyJLu 3a XpucmoBy Bipy.

KoJLu enucKon iJocJLiiJuB nepe6iz ycbozo MytteHul{mBa u iJoBiB BipnuM oo BiiJoMa, 140 3aMyttena nozanaMu oco6a Kpo6'10 3acBWttuJLa CB010 Bipy 6 Xpucma, 3a Hbozo BiiJiJaJLa CBO€ :HCumm.Ft u MO:HCe 6ymu 3BeJLuttyBana CB. nowanyBaHH.FtM, moiJi iM'.Fl maKOZO CB. MytteHUKa 3anucy6aJlU Ha MaJliU ma6JlUlll{iiJunmuxy i ZOJlocno ttumaJLu niiJ ttac CB. 6ozocJLy:HC6u. H a iJunmuxy 3anucyBaJLu iMena maKo:HC inwux CB. MyttenuKiB, .FtKi cmaJLu 3aZaJlbHOCJla6HUMU ttepe3 CBO€ oco6Jtu6e MytteHUl{mBO, .FlK HanpUKJlaO, 40 Ce6acmiUCbKUX MytteHUKiB, a6o ttepe3 cBo'i ttyoa. BicmKu npo cB. MyttenuKiB nepeiJaBaJLu oiJni xpucmu.FtHCbKi zpoMaiJu inwuM, i maKUM ttUHOM BwanyBaHH.Ft cB. MyttenuKiB cmaBaJLo 36UttaeM OJl.Ft xpucmu.FtH. HanepeiJoiJni 400 poKy 3'.RBUJLacb· oKpeMa 36ipKa, maK 3BaHUU "CupiUCbKUU Mapmupolloziu", y .FlKOMy 6yB nooanuu

8

cnuco1C C8Rm ycix Ce.Hmux, eiao.Mux moiJi Ha xpucmU.HHCb1CO.MY Cxooi.

Y no.noeuHi V cmopittll.H no.Heu.nac& 6i.n&uta no0i6Ha 36ip1Ca "CpoHi.Mie M apmupo.noeiu", ~o 6ye Hau6i.n&utu.M euoaHH.H.M nepwux ei1Ci8 xpucmu.HHcmea. M apmupo.noeiu ( c.noeo npo to .ttytteHu1Ci8) 8Uuuto8 8 ni8HittHiu I ma.nfi u nooa8a8 3a OHR.Mu 1Ca.neHoap.H i.MeHa Ce.Hmux, ce.Hma R1CUX npunaiJa.nu Ha nooiJuH01Ci oHi, 3ay8aeu ~ooo ixH&o"i c.Mepmi i .Micq.R noxo8aHHR, 8U1COnaHHJl lXHiX C8 . .MO~eu ma iHuti noopo6uq.i.

Ko.nu .MuHy.nu eepouc&1Ci ttacu C8 . .MytteHU1Ci8, ~ ep1C8a otjJiq.iuHo He 8utaHo8y8a.na mux C8.Hmux, .H1Ci He 6y.nu MytteHU1Ca.Mu. Ta 3eooo.M, 3a npuK.naoo.M C8. AHmoHi.H u iHwux c.naeHux .MyJICi8 xpucmu.HHC&1Coeo Cxooy, a maKoJIC c8. M apmuua 3 Typ Ha 3axooi, ~ ep1C8a notta.na iJo380.n.Hmu npu.n10oHe u otjJiq.iuHe 8utaHo8y8aHHR ma1eux C8Rmux, R1Ci He 6y.nu .MytteHu1Ca.Mu. IIpo q.e ma1e nuwe c8. Cuoip Ce8i.n&c&1Cuu (636 p.): "C 08a poou .MylleHU1Ci8: OOHi C1C.JtaOa10mb 3aC8iatteHHJl Ha OttaX ycix .MytteHUl{.b1C010 c.Mepm10; iHuti 3ac8iotty10m& npo Boea mae.MH010 ttecHomo10 ceoi"x oyw. J(e.HH:i 8ia1CuHy.nu Hacmyn OU.H80.Jta, He oa.nu ce6e nepe.Moemu noJICaOaHHJl.M mi.na u q.i.n1Co8umo noc8.Hmu.nu ce6e Bce.MoeymH&o.My Boeo8i. BoHu cma.nu 38e.nuttHU1Ca.Mu Boza 8 mou ttac, 1eo.nu ~e]l1{ea 8miwa.nac& cnoKoe.M, R1C c1e.na.nu 6 3aceiotteHHR npo Boea C80€10 1epo8'10, 1eo.nu 6 "i.M oo8e.noc& mepnimu nepec.niay8aHHR". o6 8U3Hamu 1COZ0Cb C8RmU.M, mpe6a 6y.no cnottam1Cy ooepJICamu 0038i.n enUC1COna lia 8U1COnaHH.H m.niHHUX OcmaH1Ci8 C8.Hmoeo, c1e.nacmu i"x R1C C8 . .Mo~i nia 8i8mape.M y q.ep1C8i u 8ianpa8.n.Hmu Hao HU.Mu C.nyJIC6y Bo:HCy. Bnpooo8JIC I muc.Htto.nimmR xpucmu.HHCm8a Anocmo.n&Cb1Ca Cmo.nuq.R mi.n&1CU • HeotjJiq.iuHo oa8a.na C8010 3eooy Ha 3aea.n&He 8utaHyBaHHR C8.Hmux. AJIC 933 poKy, 8nepwe 8 icmopii" ~ ep1C8U, IIana I 8aH XV orpiq.iuHo 3a.H8U8 npo npoeo.nouteHHR C8.Hmu.M ooHozo enuc1eona.

3eoiJo.M IIana O.ne1CcaHop III y XII cmopitttti nom8epiJu8 npa8o ma1eoi" KaHoHi3aq.i"i 3a Anocmo.n&c&1C010 Cmo.nuq.e10, ttoeo, ooHa1C, He 8Ci enUC1COnU oompu.My8aJlUCJl. Ty 8aJIC.nu8y cnpa8y 8upiutu8 pa3 i Ha3a8JICiJu 1634 poKy Ilana Yp6aH VIII c8oi·.M oe1Cpemo.M "He6ecHuu Cpyca.nu.M".

Xpucmo8uu H a.MiCHU1C 3a.H8U8, ~o cnpa8a npozo.noweHHR C8Rmu.M HaJleJICamu.Me q.i.n1C08umo mi.n&1Cu Anocmo.n&Cb1Ciu CmoJluq.i 8 Pu.Mi. Tou oe1epem 6y8 y cu.ni aJIC oo no.H8U 1918 poKy H08oeo Kooe1ecy KaHoHittHozo IIpa8a, ~o 8Hic y miU 8aJIC.nu8iU cnpa8i 8iono8WHi nocmaHo8u .

m

•

9

H a ocnoBi iJe11:pemy II anu Yp6ana VI II H:OJttl-ta oco6a, cnpaBa H:a1-to1-ti3a4i'i RH:oi' e na nop~tiJH:y iJennoMy, Mae otjJi4iilny na3BY "BoJICuu c.Ttyza ".

YciM muM CB~tmuM, RH:i 6y.Ttu ButanoByBani Kamo.TtU4bH:010 ~ epH:B010 iJo ttaciB II anu 0JteH:caniJpa II I, mo6mo iJo XII 路. cmopittttR, MOJICI-ta u naiJa.Tti BiiJiJaBamu ttecmb RH: CB~tmuM. H a miU ocnoBi MU ButanoByeMo nawux CB~tmux: 0Jtbzy, Bo.TtoiJuMupa ma inwux.

H a 3aza.Ttbl-te ButanyBal-tl-tR CB~tmux MiJIC iJeH:pemaMu IIanu O.TteH:caniJpa III u Yp6ana VIII mpe6a 6y.Tto oH:peMozo iJ03Bo.Tty Anocmo.TtbCbH:Oi' Cmo.1tu4i. H a Mau6ymne mi.TtbH:u mi "BoJICi c.Ttyzu" Moz.Ttu 6ymu orjJi4iuno BU31-tani CB~tmuMu, cnpaBa RH:UX 14ac.TtuBo npouw.Tta ttepe3 6eamutjJiH:a4iU1-tuu i 1<:anoni3a4iilnuu npo4ecu.

'II ana O.TteH:caniJp VII nocmanoBuB, 140 6eamurjJiH:a4iunuu npo4ec "BoJICux c.Ttyz" Mae 3aH:inttyBamucb o6p~tiJoM ypottucmoi' 6eamurjJi11:a4ii' B 4ep1<:Bi CB. II empa B PuMi. II epwuM CB~tmuM, RH:uu 6yB 6eamutjJiH:oBanuu, 6yB CB. cJJpa1-t4icH: Ca.TtbCbH:Uu (1662 p.). 3 mozo ttacy notta.Ttu BiiJpi31-l~tmu nol-lRmmR "6eamurjJiH:a4i~t" i "H:anoni3a4i~t", "6JtaJICel-tl-tuu" i "CB~tmuu".

BeamurjJiH:f!l4iR e JtUute niiJzomoBH:010 iJo otjJi4iunoi' H:anoni3a4ii'. lu nepeoge 6eamutjJiH:a4iU1-tuu npo4ec, mo6mo 4ep1<:0B1-te c.TtiiJcmBo naiJ ttecnomaMu u ttyiJaMu Bo:J~Cux c.Ttyz, 140 BMep.Ttu B oninii' CB~tmocmi. 3ziiJno 3 anocmo.TtbCbH:010 H:01-tcmumy4ie10 II anu I Bana II aB.Tta I I "BoJICecmBe 1-tl-tuu Yttume.Ttb", BuiJano10 25 cittl-lR 1983 po11:y, 6eamutjJiH:a4iU1-tuu npo4ec noBunen nottunamuc~t B miu enapxi'i, iJe oco6a noMeplla, 1406 Jtezwe 6y.Tto 3i6pamu inrjJopMa4i10 npo iT ttecne JICumm~t. ~ epH:Ba Mycumb Mamu H:OHH:pemni iJoH:a3u mozo, 140 .1t10iJuna, RH:Y BoJICuu napoiJ xotte ButanyBamu RH: 6JtaJICe1-t1-tY, nociiJa.Tta zepoucbH:i ttecnomu ma BmiwaembcR ne6ecnuM 14acmRM. IIiiJ ttac BiiJICpummR 6eamutjJiH:a4iunozo npo4ecy oco6a, RH:Y xottymb npozoJtocumu 6JtaJICel-tl-t010, ompuMye mumyll "C.Ttyzuni Bo:J~Coi' ttu C.Ttyzu BoJICozo" ( iJa.Tti: C. B.).~ eu npo4ec BeiJe nocmy.Tt~tmop, npu3nattenuu enucJConoM. II epwuM 3aBiJal-tl-tRM nocmyll~tmopa e 031-tauoMumuc~t 3 JfCummRM, iJi~tllb1-ticm10 i ttecnomaMu C. B. Bin noiJ6ae npo o6wupnuu JfCummenuc C. B. i cnucoiC CBiiJH:iB, RICUX mpe6a 6yiJe npocJLyxamu.

OmpuMaBwu JfCummenuc C. B. i cnucoiC cBiiJH:iB, enucKon noBiiJoMumb Bipnux cBoei' enapxii', 140 Bil-l po3nottunae npo4ec C.Ttyzu Bo:J~Cozo ttu Cllyzuni BoJICoi' i nonpocumb i'x, R1Cl40 BOI-tU 10

31-ta10mb ~ocb no3umuBI-te ttu Hezam:uBI-te npo q.10 oco6y, JZOJlocumucR iJo uozo KaHq.ellRpi'i 1-ta npocJtyxaHH.fl.

BWma1C enuc1eon npu31-tattae mpu6y~-taJl, iJo RKozo BxoiJumb uozo iJeJteram, .fl1Cuu 6yiJe uozo 3acmynamu nW ttac npoq.ecy; npoMomop cnpaBeiJJluBocmi, iJBa 1-tomapi, ~o 6yiJymb Becmu npomo1COJlU, iJBa 6ozocJloBu-q.eH3opu ma icmopu1Cu-apxiBicmu, JaBiJaHH.flM .fl1CUX e po3utyKyBamu i cmyiJi10Bamu iJoKyMeHmu, ~o cmocy10mbC.fl 1C01-t1Cpem~-to'i cnpaBu. KoJtu BU~e3zaiJaHi oco6u cmBepiJRmb, ~o B nucaHH.flX C. B. 1-teMae JICOiJHoi" epeci 'lU 'lOZOCb npomu I-tay1CU ep1CBU, a icmopu1Cu-apxiBicmu BiiJI-tauiJymb nompi61-ty Killb1Cicmb iJoKyMeHmiB, 1-ta OCl-tOBi .fl1CUX MOJICI-ta iJo1Ca3amu CB.flmicmb C. B., moai enuc1eon noBWoMJl.fle Ko1-ttpetaq.i10 iJJl.fl CnpaB CB.Rmux y PuMi npo me, ~o Bil-l 6aJICae Bia1Cpumu 6eamurjJiKaq.iu~-tuu npoq.ec (H. H.). H 1e~o Bil-l ompuMae BW Ko~-trpetaq.i'i iJo3BiJl, moai npoq.ec orjJiq.iul-tO BW1CpUBaembC.fl. enuc1Concb1CUu mpu6y~-tall npocJtyxoBye 6e3nocepe8~-tix cBW1CiB, a 1COJlU ma1eux 1-teMae, mo mux, R1Ci ttyJlu ~ocb BaJICJlUBe npo C. B. a6o ompuMaJlu BeJluKy JtacKy ttepe3 uozo Jacmyn~-tuq.mBo ma JlllOJICymb nocBWttumu npo menepiutH10 oni1-ti10 CBRmocmi C. B. ~?Jlu Bci iJoKyJrteHmu u cBWtteHHR 3i6pa~-torpoq.ec B enapxu ozoJlouty10mb Ja1CpumuJrt, a enuc1eon nepecuJtae iJo1CyJIIleHmu ao KoHTpetaq.i'i iJJl.fl CnpaB CB.Flmux y PuJIIli. H1e~o KoHtperaq.iR, nepetJlRHYButu Becb JrtamepiaJl, cmBepaumb, ~o 6eamurjJiKaq.iu~-tuu npo4ec enapxii" BW6yBc.fl npaBUJlbl-tO, moiJi BOl-la npu3Hattae m. 3B. pell.Rmopa, nW KepiBHuq.mBoM .fl1COZO C1CJlaiJa10mb "no3uq.i10" - o6rpy~-tmyBal-tl-t.fl npaBeil~-tozo JICummR C. B. "IIo3uq.i10" cmyiJi10e 6ozocJlOBCb1Ca 1COJrticiR 3 n 'Rmu ttOJlOBi1C nW npoBoiJoJrt "npoMomopa Bipu", 1Cpa~e 31-tal-tOZO .fl1C "iJU.flBOJlbCb1COZO aiJB01Cama ", i 1COJIIliCi.fl icmopu1CiB, R1Ca C1CJlaiJaembc.fl 3i wecmu e1ecnepmiB. H1e~o o6uiJBi 1COMici'i no3umuBHO Bupiutamb cnpaBy C. B., mo i"i nepeiJa10mb ao py1C 1CapiJui-taJliB, ~0 1-taJleJICamb ao KoHrperaq.i'i iJJL.fl CnpaB CBRmux. Kollu i 'ixHe piutel-tl-t.fl BU.flBUmbC.fl no3umuBHUM, cnpaBy npeiJ' RBJl.fllOmb II ani, .fl1Cuu Builae iJe1epem, ~o C. B. BW3HattuBcR zepoucb1CUJI!lu ttec~-tomaJrtu i Bmiutaembc.fl oni1-tie10 CB.flmocmi. B q_boJrty iJoKyMeHmi II ana npOZOJlOutye c. B. npaBeiJHUJIIl, aJle ~e 1-te 6JlaJICel-tltUJIIl. OUl-tO nicJl.fl q_bozo MOJICI-ta nottuHamu npoq.ec, ~o6 cmBepoumu ttyilo, R1Ce cmaJlOC.fl ttepe3 3acmynHuqmBo C. B. JI 1C~o uiJembC.fl npo o3iJopoBJleHH.fl, mo Jli1Capcb1Ca 1COJrticiR Jrtycumb cmBepiJumu, 140 uozo 1-teJrtoJIC.!lUBO no.RcHumu JrteouttltUJIIl cnoco6oJrt. II omiM numa1-t1-t.fl ttyila cmyiJi10e 14e 6ozocJlOBCb1Ca i 1CapouHaJlbCb1Ca

a

m

11

1COMicii". .H1C140 LX He piweHHR no3UmUBHe, moai Bi86yBaembCR m. 38. 6eamufjJi1Cal.fiR, mo6mo l.fepeMDHiR, nW ttac R1CD'i IIana. npozoJLowye C. B. 6JLa:HCeHHUMj6JLa:HCeHH010.

KoJLu C. B. 3a1CiHttUB CBDe :HCummR MytteHUl.fb1C010 CMepm1D, mo8i cnpaBa 6eamu{jJi1Cal,fi'i JleZUla, 60 8ocmamHb0 npocJLi81Cyaamu u cmaepaumu, 140 aWnoBWHa oco6a 6yJLa 6e3 路 caoei' BUHU 3aMytteHa 3a Bipy a6o ttecHomy i mepneJLuBo nepemepniJLa a:HC ao caMozo 1CiHl.fR. Ta1ee cmaep8:HCeHe, aiucHe MytteHUl,fmBD npuilMaembCR R1C 8o1Ca3 zepOUCb1COL tteCHDmU, moai 8JLR 6eamufjJi1Cal,fiilHozo npol.fecy He nompi6Ho :HC08Hozo ttyaa. jJJLR mozo, 1406 npozoJLocumu "6JLa:JICeHHozo" He-MytteHu1Ca "CaR-muM" nompi6Ho nicJLR 6eamufjJi1Cal.fi'i 14e o8Hozo 6e3cyMHiBHozo ttyaa . .H1e140 Boz npocJLaaumb 6JLa:HCeHHozo caozo CJLY?Y ma1eo10 JLac1Co10, moai II ana auaae 8e1epem, 140 MD:HCHa 6e3ne'f-HO npucmynamu 80 1CaHOHi3al,fi'i, mo6mo npOZOJlOUleHHR "6Jla:HCeHHozo" "CaR-muM". Ta1ea 1CaHoHi3al.fiR 3ButtailHo Bi86yBaembCR 8 6a3UJlil,fi CB. IIempa 8 PuMi a6o maM, ae npu3Hattumb IIana.

3 ttacy 1CaHoHi3al.fi'i 6JLa:HCeHHuil C. B. oaep:HCye mumyJL "CaRmozo" u 3a ma1eozo BBa:HCae uozo KamoJLUl.fb1Ca I{ep1eaa B 1CO:HCHiU ttacmu'!:J CBimy. /Jo 1CaHOHi3DBaHOZO CBRmOZO MO:HCHa MOJLumucb nW ttac CJLy:HC6u Bo:HCo'i, npuJL108Ho i oco6ucmo ...

H a uozo ttecmb MD:HCHa 6y8yaamu Lfep1CBU u 1CanJLUl.fi, aWnpaBJLRmu CJLy:HC6y Bo:HCy, CBRm1CyBamu CBRma, MaJl10Bamu UOZO o6pa3 3 CRUBOM 80B1COJla ZOJlOBU, BUCmaBJlRmU 8JlR npUJl108HOZO BUlaHOByBaHHR UOZO CB. MD14i.

KamoJLUl.fb1Ca I{ep1CBa Hi1Cozo He npuMywye BUlaHoayaamu CB.Hmux, a miJlb1CU HaBttae, 140 "l.fe ao6pe u 1COpUCHO npu3uBamu Ca.Hmux, R1Ci l.fap101Dmb 3 XpucmoM i MDJlRmbcR 3a Jl108Cb1CUU pia, 1406 ompuMamu ao6po BW Boza, ttepe3 uozo CuHa Icyca Xpucma, e8UHOZO HaUlOZO CnacumeJl.H u Bi81ey numeJLR".

Cmamu CBRmUM - l.fe Hail6iJlbUle 14aCmR i CJlaBa. Xmo ni3Hae 'ix, 14upo MDJLUmbcR i BipHo HacJLiaye i'xHe CBRme :HCummR, moil We BY3b1C010 aopOZ010 myau, ae BCi CaRmi Bmiuta10mbCR BittHUM 14acm.HM.

OBPI3AHH.H rOCTIO)J;A HAmOrO ICYCA XPHCTA KoJIM Icyc XpncToc BMrOJiornyBaB CBOIO rreprny BeJIMKY rrpOIIOBi,ll;b Ha ropi, TO CKa3aB ,ll;O CBOIX _TIHiB i 'IMCJieHHOrO aapo.n;y: "He .n;yMaii:Te, m;o .H rrpnii:rno:f- ycyHyTM 3aKoH "'IM npopoKiB: .H rrpnii:rnoB lx He ycyHyTM, a .n;orroBHMTM" (MT 5:17).

TMMM cJioBaMM XpMcToc 3a.HBMB, m;o BiH He Bi,n;KM,n;ae cTapo3aBiTHboro 3aKOHY, a TiJibKM XO'!e Y.LIOCKOHaJIHTM if oro.

IleprnnM .n;oKa3oM XpncToBoro rrocJiyxy rrpnrrncaM cTaporo aaiiOBiTy 6yJIO o6pi3aHH.H. lloMy CIIOBHMJIOCb BiCiM ,ll;HiB, "KOJIM :'t'IaJIM o6pi3aTM XJiorr'.HTKO, Ha3BaJIM ii:oro- Icyc, iM'.H, m;o Ha,n;aB 6YB aHreJI, rreprne, Him BiH 3a"t!aBc.H B JIOHi" (JIK 2:21)'.

06pi3aHH.H 6yJIO TaHHOIO CTaporo 3aiiOBiTy H rrepiiiMM IIpl1IIl1COM, .HKMH MaJIM BMKOHyBaTM ABpaaM i BCi ii:oro Ham;a,ll;KM BOCbMOrO ,ll;H.H ITO Hapo,n;:>KeHHi KO:>KHOrO XJIOIID;.H Ha 3HaK TOrO, m;o BOHM - BoroM BM6paHMH Hapo.n;, 3JiytieHMH 3 rocrro.n;oM oco6JIMBOIO yMOBOIO Bora 3 rraTpiapxoM ABpaaMoM, 3o6oB'.H3aHnii: .n;ocKoHarro BMKOHyBaTM Becb BoroM .n;aHMii: 1M 3aKOH (ByT 17:10).

CB. ABr'yCTMH 6yB Tiel .n;yMKM, m;o o6piaaHH.H ycyBaJio 3 .n;yrn CMHiB BM6paHoro Hapo.n;y rrepBopo.n;Hnii: rpix i, OT:>Ke, 6yJio npoo6pa30M Harnoro xpnm;eHH.H, m;o 3BiJibH.H€ Hac Bi.n; rrepBcipo.n;Horo rpixa i € o6oB'.H3KOBe ,ll;JI.H TOrO, m;o6 CTaTH XpMCTM.HHMHOM Ta BBiii:TM .n;o He6a. IlpHrrnc o6pi3aHH.H 6yB o6oB'.H3KOBMM. XTo He CIIOBHMB iforo, TOrO 3a Kapy BMraH.HJIM 3-IIOMi:>K CMHiB

• 13

Ci'-IH~

BM6paHoro Hapo~y H HaBiTh MOrflM ITOKapaTM CMep~ID (ByT 1 7: 11-15). 06pi3aHH.H BKa3yBano Ha ITOTpe6y BHyTpiiiiHbOl ~YXOBHOl 'IMCTOTM, .HKOID ITOBMHeH 6yB BM6paHMH Hapo~ Bi~pi3H.HTMCb Bi~ rroraH. 3aKOH rrpo o6pi3aHH.H, ~aHMH ABpaaMoBi, rroHOBMB Bor y qac cB. rrpopoKa Moftce.H Ha C:imaHChKiH ropi (JleB 12:3).

Icyc XpncToc .HK Bo)f\.MH CMH He rroTpe6yBaB o6pi3aHH.H, 6o TOM rrpnrrnc 3o6oB'.H3yBaB TinhKM 3BM'IaHHMX JIID~eft, o6T.HmeHMX rrepBopo~HMM rpixoM; Ta XpMCTOC rri~KOPMBC.H 3aKoHy, 6o BiH 6yB rrpaB~MBMM 'IOflOBiKOM, Hane.maB ~0 BM6paHMX CMHiB ABpaaMa, BO~Hotiac ~aBIIIM HaM rrpMKna~ rrocnyxy BoroBi Ta iHIIIMX qecHoT, HaBtiMBIIIM Hac rrpocnaBn.HTM BceBMIIIHhoro ft TaKMMM B'IMHKaMM, Ill;O ~fl.H HaC He e o6oB'.H3KOBi, ane MO.myTh ITpMHeCTM KOpMCTb ~yiiiaM 6nM.mHiX. 3aKOH o6pi3aHH.H 6yB o6oB' .H3KOBMM ~n.H Harn;a~KiB ABpaaMa ~o cMepTi XpncTa. CrracMTenh rri~~aBC.H TOMY 3aKOHOBi, rn;o6 3BiflhHMTM BM6paHMH Hapo~ Bi~ TOrO rrpMKpOrO ITpMITMCy Ta 3po6MTM Bcix BinhHMMM ~iThMM XpMCTOBoro IJ;apcTBa qepe3 cB. X pnrn;eHH.H. IIi~ qac o6p.H~Y o6pi3aHH.H XpncToc Bi~tiyBaB BenMKMH 6inh; ftoro, pa30M 3i c~1MM rrpecB.HTMMM cnho3aMM H rrepiiiMMM Kparrn.HMM KpoBi BiH rrpnHic y mepTBY He6ecHoMy 0Tu;eBi 3a crraciHH.H HaiiiMX ~y111. IlpMHic rrpe~o6pnft CrracnTenh TY mepTBY 3 BennKo1 mo6oBi ~o Bcix nro~eft, .HKMX BiH rrpMHIIIOB crracTM Bi~ BitiHOl 3arn6eni.

XpMCTOC o6pi3aHH.HM ITOHM3MB ce6e, 60 XO'I HOCMB y co6i rroBHOTY Bomoro Mae eTa TY, .HBMB ce6e nro~.HM 3BMtiaHHOK>, rpiiiiHOID niD~MHOID, rn;o xoqe 3HaHTM orrpaB~aHH.H rrepe~ BoroM. TaKMM rroHnmeHH.HM ce6e caMoro XpMCTOC xoTiB rrpMHeCTM He6ecHoMy 0Tu;eBi Haropo~y 3a Haiiiy rop~iCTh i o~HotiacHo HaBtiMTM Tiel crraceHHOl ITOKOpM H HaC, Ill;O TaK JIID6MMO BM~aBaTM ce6e 3a Kparn;nx, Him MM e HacrrpaB~i, Ta 3a ~o6pnx To~i, KORM HacrrpaB~i 3ni Ta rpiiiiHi. 06pi3aHH.H 6yno ITO'IaTKOM TOrO, Ill;O 3aKiH'IMflOCb Ha ronrocpTi T.HmKoiD, KPMBaBOID KapoK> 3a Haiiii rpixn. I Bee u;e ~n.H Taro, rn;o6 3BiflhHMTM HaC Bi~ rpixiB i KapM 3a HMX; TOMY o6pi3aHH.H € ITOCTiHHMM ~OKOpOM ~fl.H 3aiTeKRMX rpiiiiHMKiB, .HKi He XO'IYTb Ka.H~MCb y CBOlX rpixax . .ffKMH rrpMKpMH qepB'.HK CYMRiHH.H 6y~e rpM3TM KOflMCb 3acy~meHMX, Ill;O He XOTiflM CKOpMCTaTMC.H 3 rrpMKna~y H 3acnyr cBoro CrracnTen.H! Ha ~YMKY cB. IlaBna, o6pi3aHH.H Tina 6yno o6pa30M BamRMBiiiiOrO OOpi3aHH.H cepu;.H, ~yxy, Ill;O rrpO.HBfl.H€TbC.H B O'IMIIl;eHHi lX Bi~ rpixa Ta rrpM60pKaHHi 3RMX rrotiyBaHh, rn;o Be~yTh ~o Hhoro. B xpMCTM.HHCbKiH Bipi, ~e

14

1

Ci4H~

o6p.H,ZJ; CTaporo 3aiiOBiTy B.me He e o6o:B'.H3KOBHM, MH IIOBHHHi 3 Hai'O,ll;H ChOI'O,ZJ;HiiiiHhOI'O CB.HTa 3BepTaTH yBary HaCaMrrepe,n; Ha cBoe cepn;e :H po6HTH rrocTaHOBH ~o,n;o ,n;yxoBHoro o6pi3aHH.H, T06TO IIOKYTH, BIIOKOpeHH.H, CaM03pe'!eHH.H, ~06 Bi,n;ipBaTH cepn;e " Bi,ZJ; rpiiiiHOl JII060Bi ,ZJ;O BChOI'O IIIBH,ZJ;KOIIJIHHHOI'O, a 3BepHyTH :Horo ,n;o ,n;ocKoHaJioi: mo6oBi Bi'!Horo TBopn;.H. Y rrepnm:H ,n;eHh HOBOI'O poKy, KOJIH MH CB.HTKyeMO IIaM'.HTKY rrepiiiOl KpHBaBOl .mepTBH XpncTa 3 mo6oBi ,n;o Hac, MH rroBHHHi 3po6HTH .mepTBY 3 mo6oBi ,n;o XpncTa :H 3peKTHCh y HOBOMY pon;i TaKHX B'!HHKiB i Brro,n;o6aHh, ~o cyrrepe'!aTh ,n;ocKoHaJii:H mo6oBi ,n;o Haiiioro CrracnTeJI.H. I.U;acJIHBi Ti JIIO,ZJ;H, .HKi B ,n;eHh CB.HTa XpncToBoro o6pi3aHH.H HaiipaB,n;y 3aKiH'IYIOTh CTapHH rpiiiiHHH piK, a IIO'!HHaiOTh HOBHH CB.HTHH piK CBOI'O .mHTT.H! 3ri,n;Ho 3 3aKOHOM, XpncToc o,n;ep.maB rri,n; '!ac o6pi3aHH.H eBpe:HchKe iM'.H Icyc, .HKe ,n;JI.H CBoro CnHa BH6paB caM He6ecHHH 0Ten;h i o6'.HBHB n;e 'Iepe3 aHreJia IIpe'IHCTili AiBi Mapii: :H cB. MocncpoBi. Te iM'.H, ~o 03Ha'!ae CrracnTeJih, BKa3yBaJio Ha Te, m;o XpncToc Mae crracTH cBili Hapo,n; Bi,n; rpixiB. IIpo iM'.H CrraCHTeJI.H roBopHTh cB. IBaH 3oJioToycTnli: "HacJii,ZJ;HHK Mo:Hce.H, .HKHH BBiB Hapo,n; B o6in;HHY 3eMJIIO, Ha3HBaBc.H.dcyc. Ba'!HIII rro,n;i6HiCTh? ToE: 3aBiB ,n;o o6in;.HH013eMJii, n;e:H- ,n;o He6a; TOH rricJI.H cMepTi Mo:Hce.H, n;e:H - rro BHracHeHHi 3aKoHy; TOH - .HK Bo.m,n;h, n;e:H - .HK IJ;ap". TiJihKH Bo.mn:H CnH BHrrpaB,n;aB Te iM'.H, 6o TiJihKH BiH o,n;HH BHKOHaB Te, ~o BOHO 03Ha'!ae. IM'.H Jcyc e MOryTHiM, Mae B co6i CHJIY rrepeMOI'H, BH3BOJieHH.H H crraciHH.H, Ta "e rroHa,n; yc.HKe iM' .H, ~o6 rrepe,n; iMeHeM lcyca BC.HKe KOJiiHo rrpnKJIOHHJIOC.H Ha He6i, Ha 3eMJii :H rri,n; 3eMJieJO'J (CI>Jirr 2:10). THC.H'Ii JiiT He 6yJio Bi,n;oMe Hapo,n;aM Te MoryTHe :H npeCOJIO,ZJ;Ke iM'.H Jcyc; Bi,n; rociiO,ZJ;HhOI'O o6pi3aHH.H, OCBiTHBIIIH, Ha'!e 6JIHCKaBKa, BeCh CBiT, BOHO BeCeJIHTh, 3MiD;HIOe, po6HTh IT(aCJIHBHM i CIIacae KO.mHOI'O, XTO 3 BipOIO i JII060B'IO ITpH3HBae :Horo. IM'.H lcyc Hara,n;ye HaM Bee Te, ~o Bor 3po6nB ,n;JI.H Haiiioro crraciHH.H . .HK BHCOKO IIIaHyiOTh B XpncToBiH IJ;epKBi rrpecB.HTe iM'.H Jcyca 3aCBi,ZJ;'!ye Haiii rapimH XpHCTH.HHChKHH 3BH'!aH BiTaTHC.H cJioBaMn: "CJiaBa Icycy XpncTy! CJiaBa HaBiKn!" I.U;acJIHBi Ti JIIO,n;H, ,ZJ;JI.H .HKHX MHJIHM i ,n;oporHM e iM' .H Icyc, 6o i:xHi iMeHa 6y,n;yTh MHJIHMH :H ,n;oporHMH ,ZJ;JI.H lcyca, :H BiH 3aiiHIIIe i:x pa3 i Ha3aB.m,n;n y cBoeMy Bo.moMy Cepn;i. AoKH Haiii yKpai:HChKHH Hapo,n; MaTHMe ~O,ll;H.H Ha ycTaX rrpeCB.HTe iM' .H Jcyca, ,ZJ;OTH • !'daTHMeMO O'!eBH,ll;HHH 3HaK TOI'O, ~0 Haiiia HaD;i.H - XpHCTH.HHChKa.

15

Ci"'HR

.HK XpncToc rri,n; '!ac o6piaaHH.H, TaK yci xpHCTH.HH~I>Ki ,n;iTn o,n;epmyiOTb cBoe iM'.H rri,n; '!ac cB. Xpn:m;eHH.H. BaTI>KH rroBHHHi BH6paTH )l;JI.H KO)KHOl )l;HTHHH rrpaB)l;HBe XpHCTH.HHCbKe iM'.H. ,lJ;aBHi 6orocnym6oBi KHHrH ii rrporroBi,n;i BKaayiDTb HaTe, :m;o :ije CB.HTO BCTaHOBJieHe .HK )l;JI.H 3BeJIHt-IeHH.H IIOMiTHOl IIO)l;il B mHTTi Icyca XpHCTa H aaKiH'IeHH.H IIOCB.HTT.H Pia,n;Ba, TaK i )l;JI.H Bi,n;BepHeHH.H XpHCTH.HH Bi,n; IIOraHCbKOl CBaBOJii rreprnoro )l;H.H KomHoro HOBoro poKy. CB. ABrycTHH y cBo'iii rrporroBi,n;i B ,n;eHb CB.HTa XpncToBoro 06piaaHH.H roBopHB ,n;o Hapo,n;y: "III,o6 BH MOrJIH HTH aa CBOIM Bi,n;KyrrnTeJieM, .HKHH aarrnaTHB aa Bac cBoero

Y THXOMY HA3APETI KpOB'IO, IIHJibHYHTe, :m;o6 BH He rrepeHH.HJIH Bi,n; rroraH lXHiX aaca,n; a6o rrpaKTHK. Ix aaMaHIOIDTb KOJI.H)l;KH rrycTOTH, a Bac Hexaii aaxorrnroe MY3HKa CB.HToro TincbMa. BoHH 6imaTb ,n;o TeaTpiB, a BH crrirniTb ,n;o u;epKoB. BoHH Bi,n;,n;aiDTb ce6e BciJI.HKHM rrpncTpacT.HM, aaTe BH rroBHHHi rrocTHTH ii 6yTH cTpHMaHHMH. I .HK BH u;e 3p06HTe, TO BH 3MOmeTe aacrriBaTH CJIOBa: "CrraCH HaC, rocrro,n;H, Bome Haiii, i Bi)l;JIT:IH Hac Bi,n; rroraH" (CB. ABr. rrporr.

199}.

A cB. lBaH 3onoToycTHH TaK roBopHB y cBo'iH Hayu;i Ha HoBHH piK (387 p.): "XpHCTH.HHHH IIOBHHeH CB.HTKyBa'l'H He B IIpH3Ha'IeHHH 'laC, He B rrepiiiMH ,n;eHb MiC.HD;.H, He TiJibKH B He,n;ini, a BCe mHTT.H rrpOBO)l;HTH B IIOCTiHHOMy CB.HTKyBaHHi. A .HKe IIOBHHHO 16

1

Ci'"IH5l

6yTH BOHo? IIpo :u;e nocJiyxarrMo IIaBJia, .HKHif roBopHTh: "CB.HTKYHMO He y c.Tapiif 3aKBac:u;i, aHi y 3aKBac:u;i 3JI06H i1: JiyKaBCTBa, a B onpicHoKax t:IHCTOTH if npaB~H" (I Kp 5:8). HKrn;o B Te6e t:IHCTe CYMJiiHH.H, TO TH Maern TIOCTiifHHH npa3HHK, 00 HaCHt:IYE:lliC.H ~OOpHMH Ha~i.HMH if pa~iern Ot:IiKyBaHH.HM' :v~aif6yTHhoro ~o6pa. Ta KOJIH TH HecnoKiifHHif y ~yrni if BHHHHH y 6araThOX rpixax, TO Ha THC.Ht:IaX npa3HHKiB i ypOt:IHCTOCTeif TH TIOt:IyBaTHMelli ce6e He Jiinrne Bi~ THX, ID;O TIJiat:IyTh . .ffKa MeHi KOpHCTh 3i CBiTJIOrO ~H.H, KOJIH MO.H ~yrna TIOKpHTa ~OKOpaMH CYMJiiHH.H? Tom .HKID;O TH XOt:Ielli MaTH KOpHCTh 3 HOBOrO pOKy, TO 3po6H TaK: HanpHKiH:o;i poKy no~.HKyif BJI~H:o;i, rn;o BiH 36epir Te6e ~o :o;horo qacy; nomaJIKyif y CBOeMy cep:u;i 3a Bee noraHe, lll;O TH 3pOOHB, IIOJiit:IH t:IaC CBOrO :lKHTT.H i CKa:lKH COOi CaM: ~Hi 6imaTh, JiiTa MHHaiOTh, 6iJihlliY t:IaCTHHY CBOel ~OpOrH .H B:lKe nporrrnoB, a rn;o ~o6poro 3po6HB? l.JH nonporn;aroch 3 IJ;HM cBiToM 6e3 ycHKo'i qecHOTH? Cy~ nepe~ ~BepMH, pemTa :lKHTT.H if~e ~o CTapOCTi. "TaK Hexaif CBiTHTh rrepe~ JIIO~hMH Bailie CBiTJIO, lll;OO BOHH, 6at:IHBII1H Ballii ~06pi Bt:IHHKH, npOCJiaBJI.HJIH Barnoro 0TIJ;.H, rn;o Ha He6i" (MT 5:16). TaKe CBiTJIO npHHece TOOi BeJIHKY Haropo~y. He rrpHKparnyif BiHKaMH ~Bepeif cBoro ~oMy, aJie Be~H TaKe :lKHTT.H, rn;o6 o~epmaTH Ha cBoiO roJioBy 3 ~HcToBo'i PYKH BiHeiJ;h npaB~H".

1

ci'fH.II

CBHTIIH BACIIJIIH BEJIIIKIIH XTo' 3Mome ni~paxyBaTH, cKiJihKH yKpa'im.~;iB MaJIH iM'.H BacHJih? Cepe~ HHX - Ham BeJIHKHif MOHapx, CB.HTHif KHH3h BoJio~HMHp, .HKHif ni~ qac cB. XpHrn;eHH.H o~epmaB TaKom Te CJiaBHe iM'.H. IJ;e 03Hat:Iae, lll;O BOHO KOpOJiiBChKe. Haif6iJihrnoro cJiaBoro BKPHB Te iM '.H BomHif cJiyra, .HKHif B:lKe ciMH~IJ;.HTh CTOJiiTh :lKHBe B naM' .HTi 6araThOX JIIO~eif pi3HHX Hapo~iB i Kpa'iH CJiaBOIO CBOIX Bt:IHHKiB, HayKH if CB.HTOCTi :lKHTTJI. THM BomHM yro~HHKOM 6yB CB. BacHJiiif BeJIHKHif, npo .HKoro CB. fpHropiH 3 Ha3i.HH3a TIHCaB: "He6o Ha~iJIHJIO MeHe Heo:o;iHeHHOIO JiaCKOIO, ~aBlliH MeHi 3a ~pyr~ HaUMy~pirny, HaHp03YMHirny if Harryt:IeHirny JIIO~HHY, Hall:cJiaBHimoro t:IOJioBiKa Ham oro CTOpit:It:I.H".

Hapo~HBCJI cB. BacHJiiif B MaJioa3iifchKii1: npoBiH:o;i'i Karrrra~oKi'i, B MicTi Kecapil, 329 Bomoro poKy. fioro 6aThKO, TaKom BacHJiiil, 61B a~BOKaToM y Kecapi'i, ~e iforo noBamaJIH aa

17

1 Ci4H51

KpaeHOMOBHieTb, oeBiTy :i1: "<IeeHoTy. A,z:{BoKaT BaeHJii:i1: o.n;pymHBeH 3 oeoooro, ri.n;HOIO eeoe. U.e 6yJia eHpOTa EMeJiiH, .n;o-q~a My-qeHHKa 3a XpMeToBy Bipy, rapHa :i1: 6araTa. Bee Te rrpMTHryBaJio ,ZJ;O Hei:, 6e3 eyMHiBy, 6araTo meHHXiB, Ta EMeJiiH BM6paJia a.n;BoKaTa BaeHJiiH, MOpaJibHieTb H eJiaBa HKOrO BHKJIHKaJIH .D;O HhOrO .D;OBip'H. BaThKH a,ZJ;BOKaTa BaeHJiiH JKHJIH B rrpoBiH~il IloHT, .n;e BeJIH BeJIHKorraHehKe JKHTTH. Ta lXHiM Ha:i1:6iJihiiiHM eKapOOM OyJia rrpaB.D;HBa XpMeTHHHebKa Bipa. KoJIH 3a ,IJ;ioKJieTiaHa HaeTaJIO rOHiHHH XpMeTHHH, 6aTbKO BaeHJiiH 6amaB pa.n;IIIe Bee BTpaTHTH, HiJK Hapa3HTH Ha HeOe3IIeKy HaH~iHHiiiie Bipy; BiH yTiK 3 .n;pyJKHHOlO MaKpHHOlO B JiieH IloHTY, 3aJIHIIIHBIIIH eBO€ .D;OOpO KpHBaBHM rOHHTeJIHM XpMeTHHHebKOrO Hapo.n;y. CiM JiiT rrooomHe IIO.D;PYJKJKH B TOBapMeTBi KiJihKOX eJiyr XOBaJIOeH ITO ropax i Jiieax, BHJKHBalO"<IH BomHM IlpoBH.n;iHHHM i IIOJilOBaHHHM Ha IITH~b Ta .n;HKHX 3BipiB. KoJIH m rrpH:i1:IIIOB KiHe~h rrepeeJii.n;yBaHHIO, BepHyJIHeb BOHH .D;O eBoro Ma€TKy. BaeHJii:i1: i EMeJiiH oyJIH ri.n;HHMH .n;iThMH eBoi:x 6aThKiB. Bor o6.n;apyBaB TY eBHTY CB. BACHJIIH BEJIHKHH po.n;HHY .n;eeHThMa .n;iTO"tJ:KaMH. KpiM BaeHJiiH, MaJIH BOHH ~e "'IOTHpbOX eHHiB i II'HTepo .D;O"'IOK. 3 .D;O"'IOK Bi.D;OMa TiJihKH O.D;Ha, ~o 3BaJiaeb MaKpHHa, TaR, HK i i i 6a6yHH. IHIIIi 6yJIH, HarreBHO, o.n;pymeHi H BeJIH He3aMiTHO eBO€ ~O.D;eHHe JKHTTH. 3 XJIOII~iB Ha:i1:eTapiiiMM oyB eB. BaeHJii:i1:, a IIOTiM iiiiJIH: HaBKpaTi:i1:, f'pMropi:i1:, IleTpo, ~e o.n;HH rroMep .n;HTHHOIO. IIpaB.n;orro.n;i6Ho, .n;o"<IKH rrpHHIIIJIH rrepiiiMMH Ha eBiT, 6o Ha:i1:eTapiiioro a rr'HTH opaTiB, HK IIHeaB rpMropiM, BMIIpOeHJIH rapH"<Ii MOJIHTBH lXHhOrO OaTbKa.

18

1 Ci'lHfl

BacHJiili y ,n;HTH\IOMY Biu;i 6yB, HaneBHO, xBopo6JIHBHM, Ha I.QO BKa3yBaJio cJia6e 3,n;opoB'H. KoJIH BiH 6yB I.Qe MaJIHM, TO o,n;Horo pa3y THJKKO 3aHe,n;ymaB. Yci ,n;yMaJIH, I.QO BiH noMpe-.< llpoTe B cHi 6aTLKO notiyB roJioc Icyca, HKHH cKa3aB lioMy: "l,n;H, TBiH CHH JKHBHH". MaJIHH BacHJihKO cnpaB,n;i BH,n;ymaB. CBoi: nepmi poKH cB. BacHJiili npoBiB y HHHhKH B ceJii. KoJIH ITOBepHyBCH ,li;O,ll;OMY, TO 6aTbKO 3 BeJIHKOIO ,n;6aHJIHBiCTIO 3aHHHBCH :Horo BHXOBaHHHM Ta HaBtiaHHHM. B TOR tiac BOHH, Ma6yTL, noKHHYJIH Kecapiro :H nepelimJIH JKHTH ,n:o lloHTy, B po,n;HHHHH MaeToK ,n;o cTapoi: 6a6yHi MaKpHHH, HKa MemKaJia B AHHecil, B OKOJIHIJ;HX HoBo-Kecapil. TaM npoBiB cB. BacHJiili cBoi: ,n;HTH'li JiiTa, cJiyxarotiH HayK 6aTLKa :H onoBi,n;aHh 6a6yHi, HKa MaJia B cBoeMy JKHTTi 6araTo npHro,n; y 6opoTL6i 3a Bipy. CBHTa BH3HaBHIJ;H BHKJIHKaJia B YHBi CBOrO MaJioro BHyKa repOHChKi no,n;ii: 3 'lacy BeJIHKOrO roHiHHH, ITOBTOpiOBaJia HOMy CJIOBa 3aCHOBHHKa u;epKBH B Ha3iHH3i CB. rpHropiH l{y,n;oTBopu;H, YtiHiB HKoro BOHa 3HaJia Ta o,n;epmaJia Bi,n: HHX HayKy. B cepu;i MaJioro 3aciJIJIOCh TO,n;i cnaceHHe XpHCTHHHCbKe 3epHO, I.QO B CJIYIIlHHH qac 3po,n;HJIO cB. BacHJiiH BeJIHKoro.

CKopo :H I.QaCJIHBO MHHaJIH AHTH'li po~ BacHJiiH B 6aTLKiBChKOMY ,n;oMi. Ta HacTaB qac, KOJIH IOHaKoBi Tpe6a 6yJio ,n;aTH CBiTCbKe BHXOBaHHH, I.Q06 ni,n;roTyBaTH HOrO ,li;O rpOMa,li;ChKOl CJiyJK6H, ,li;O BHKOHaHHH ,n;epmaBHHX, cycniJihHHX o6oB'H3KiB. BacHJiili BHBtiaB Q.liJioco<):liro :H KpacHOMOBCTBO y Kecapil (Kanna,n;oKiH), I.QO 6yJia He TiJihKH CTOJIHIJ;eiO npoBiHu;il, aJie H KpacHoro nHChMeHCTBa. lli,n;roTOBJieHHH CBOIM 6aThKOM, BacHJiiH CTaB TaM HeB,n;OB3i HaHJiiiTIIlHM YtiHeM. rpHropi:H 3 Ha3iHHa;l., m;o no3HaHOMHBCH 3 BacHJiieM B Kecapil, Ka3aB, I.QO BacHJiili nepeBHI.QyBaB ycix TOBapHIIliB y HaBtiaHHi i 6YB Ha piBHi 3i CBOlMH ytiHTeJIHMH; 6yB ,n;ocKoHaJIHM npoMOBIJ;eM, Q.liJiocoQ.loM, xoq TiJibKH-HO ITO\IaB CJiyXaTH JieKu;il.

KoJIH BacHJiili aaKiHqHB HayKy B Kecapii:, TO BHi:xaB, HK u;e 6yJio To,n:i npHHHHTO, ,n:o IIlKOJIH y KoHCTaHTHHOITOJih, a aBi,n;TH B yHiBepcHTeT ,n;o cJiaBHHX ATeH, ,n;e cTy,n;eHTH npHCTpacHo Bi,n;,n;aBaJIHCh He JIHme Hayu;i, aJie :H 3a6aBaM. llepe6yBaiOtiH B ATeHax, BacHJiiH TaK 6JIH3hKO ai:HmoBcH 3i CB. rpHropieM 3 Ha3iHH3a, I.QO BOHH o6H,n;Ba CTaJIH I.QIIPIIMH, Hep03JIYtiHHMH ,n;py3HMH. llpo IJ,IO ,n:pym6y ITHCaB CaM rpHropiif TaK: "Yce B Hac 6yJio cniJILHe, MH paaoM MemKaJIH, paaoM Yl!IIJIHCh, i O,n;Ha TiJihKH ,n;yrua OJKIIBJIJIJia ,n;Ba TiJia; HaiilOIO MeTOIO 6yJia tiecHoTa"; Eomn:H 3aKoH 6yB HamHM npoBi,n;HHKOM. MH He npHHTeJIIOBaJil-1 3 JIIO,ll;hMH JierKOl ITOBe,n;iHKH, 60 MH 3HaJIH, I.QO Jierme BnacTH B x.w6y, HK HaBepHyTH Koroch ,n;o tieCHOTH. Mn

19

1

Ci'-IH5l

3Ha.Jnr TiJihKH p;Bi ,n;oporn: neprny - ,n;o u;epKB~-t> :H CBHTHX ii i p;pyry, Ha HKY MH MeHIIIe 3BamaJIH 1 - )l;O CBiTChKHX IIIKiJI; IIIJIHXH, ID;O BeJIH )l;O p03Bar, TeaTpiB, 6eH:KeTiB, MH aamrrnann iHIIIHM. HaM:6iJihiiiHM HaiiiHM HaMaraHHHM i Han6inhrnoro HaiiiOIO CJiaBOlO 6yJIO He TiJihKH 3BaTHCh XpHCTHHHaMH, ane H 6yTH HHMH". B ATeHax BaCHJiiH i M:oro ,n;pyr rpnropi:H 3,D;06yJIH co6i BeJIHKY CJiaBy Mim TOBapHIIIaMH i npo!]_)ecopaMH HK y rpeu;ii:, TaK i noaa 11 MemaMH. IlicJIH n'HTH poKiB HaB"lJaHHfl B ATeHax BacHni:H BepHyBcH ,n;o Mano'i Aaii:. MaB To,n;i 26 poKiB. Ha BaThKiBID;HHi, B AHHecil, BacnniM: He aacTaB yme Mim mnBHMH Hi 6aTbKa, Hi 6a6yHi MaKpHHH. MaTH EMeJiiH a ,n;o"'IKOlO MaKpHHOIO caMi nopH,n;KyBaJIH BeJIHKOlO rocno,n;apKolO :H oniKyBaJIHCh yciero po,n;HHOlO. IIo6yBIIIH cepe,n; pi,n;Hi, BacHJih B!I1xaB ,n;o Kecapii:, ,n;e o6inHHB Ka!]_}e,n;py KpacHOMOBCTBa. TaM noBamann :Horo if cnaBHJIH. Bacnni:H rop,n;nBCH cBoero BHMOBOlO H 3HaHHHM; BiH 3HaBCH 3 yciMa, XTO aanMaB BHCOKi noca,n;H. IlpoHHKJIHBe oKo cecTpH MaKpHHH cKopo noMiTHJio Ton 6JIHCK nycTo1 cnaBH. BoHa 3HaJia KOJIHIIIHhoro BacnniH :H BBamana :Horo a,n;aTHHM ,n;o Kparn;oro mHTTH. Hara,n;aBIIIH iloMy npo MapHOTY cBiTy :H Hnu;icTh caMoro KpacHOMOBCTBa, nepeKonyBaJia BeJIH"'IaTH noKopy :H y6o_J;.icTh, 6amaTH xpHCTHHHChKo1 ,n;ocKoHanocTi, HKY BOHa caMa n.Jle'Kana 3 KOmHHM ,n;HeM rn;opaa 6inhrne. IlepeKoHaHa, rn;o Bacnni:H Hapo,n;meun:H ,n;o -qoroch Bnrn;oro, a npHMaHH cBiTy 3Be,n;yTh :Horo 3i IIIJIHXY cnpaBmHhoro noKJIHKaHHH, MaKpHHa cKaaana noMy u;e cMiJIHBO, i 'i'i rn;Hpe Ta npocTe cnoBo ,n;oc.HrJio MeTH. BpaT noBepuyBcH cepu;eM ,n;o ,n;ocKoHanirnoro mHTTH. Ilpo u;ro cBoro nepeMiHy TaK nnrne caM BacHJiin: "IIpora:HuyBaBIIIH "'IHMaJIO "'lacy B MapHOTi Ta 3ymHBIIIH MaHme BCIO MOJIO,D;iCTh HaTe, ID;06 BamKHM i MapHHM Tpyp;OM 3,D;06yTH 3HaHHH My,n;pocTi, ocy,n;meHo1 BoroM, H npoKHHYBCH HapernTi, Ha"'le 3 rJIH60KOrO CHy; II06a"lJHB )l;HBHe CBiTJIO eBaHreJibChKOl "lJeCHOTH; H ni3HaB 6e3BapTicHiCTh i nopomHe"'ly MY..:J:~OcTi KHH3iB IJ;horo CBiTy, HKi npoMnHaiOTh i rHHYTh. R onnaKyBaB 3 HeBHMOBHHM 6oneM Hym,n;eHHe mHTTH, HKe H BiB ,n;oci. B Toil -qac H 6amaB npoBi,D;HHKa, HKHH BiB 611 MeHe :H HaB"'IaB ocHOB no6omHOCTi. Ha:H6iJihiiiHM MOIM cTapaHHHM 6yno Te, rn;o6 no"'laTH npau;m Hap; IIOIIpaBOIO CBOlX 3BH"'IOK, CITOTBOpeHHX )l;OBrHM nepe6yBaHHHM 3i 3JIHMH JilO,D;hMH. Tom H no"'laB "'IHTaTH 8BaHrenie :H ni3HaB, ~IIJ;O HeMa iHIIIOrO CIIOC06y p;iHTH )l;OCKOHaJIOCTi, HK npop;aTH CBOe MaHHO, p03,D;iJIHTH iforo Mim y6orHMH 6paTaMH, II036yTHCh ycix myp6 IJ;horo mHTTH, rn;o6 ,n;yrna He 6yna npnB'H3aHa ,n;o ,n;o-qacHorc ,n;o6pa". KonH po3BiHJIHC:b neprni ,n;HMH MapHoi: cnaBH, KOJIH BacHni:H Bi,n;piKCH Bi,n; cBiTy, rn;o6 nocBHTHTH ce6e BoroBi, enncKon ~HTeJiiB,

20

1 Ci'fHR

Kecapii: ,D;ismiii 3JUfB· Ha :i:l:oro roJioBy so.n;y cs. Xpnm;eHHR. To.n;i He MOJKHa 6yJio :XPRCTMTMCR .n;o 25-30 poKy JKM:TTR. CB. rpMropi:i:l: 3 HiccM, CB. BacMJii:i:l:, l1: CB. rpMropi:i:l: 3 Ha3iRH3a BMCTYITJIRTb11 JrO)J;OM npOTM TaKOl npaKTM:KM. Tie10 nepeMiHoiO 6paTa Haii6iJihllle pa.n;iJia cecTpa MaKpMHa, RKa B TOR qac pa3oM 3 MaTip'ro H KiJihKOMa BipHM:MM CJiyraMM ITOCBRTMJia ce6e )J;OCKOHaJIOMY qepHeqoMy JKMTT10, HK Bacmti:i:l: po3noqas HOBe 6oroMiJibHe JKMTTR, TO Ja.n;yMaB rJIM6me rri3HaTM :tl:oro npaBMJia Ta 36JIM3hKa npnrJIRHYTMCh .n;o Hboro.

He3BaJKaroqM Ha cJia6e J.n;opoB'R, BiH no.n;opoJKye no BChOMY Cxo.n;y. Ilpo n;e 3ra.n;ye cB. BacnJii:i:l: B o.n;HOMY cBoeMy JIMCTi. B OJieKcaH.n;pi'i i 8rMnTi, IIa.'IeCTMHi, KeJIHcnpii: i MeconoTaMi'i BiH no.n;MBJI.IIB y MOHaxiB "tXHlO CTpMMaHiCTb y 'imi, noBary .n;o npan;i, BMTpHBaJiiCTh y MO)IM:TBi, Toii BMCOKHH i HenepeMOJKHMH CTaH .n;ymi, m;o .n;onoMarae 'iM norop.n;myBaTH roJio.n;oM, cnparoiO, Balfe 6 BOHM 6yJIM 6e3 TiJia, cnpaBmHi no.n;opomHi Ha n;i.ff 3eMJii l1: yme rpoMa.n;RHM CB. BACI1JIIH - APXI8III1CKOII He6a".

IJpMrJIR)J;aiOqHCb 3 BeJIMKOlO ITOillaHOlO )J;O IT060mHOrO )KMTT.II MOHaxiB, BacnJiiii 6aqMB CTpamHe, KpMBaBe nepecJii.n;yBaHHR npaBOBipHMX QJa.JlblllMBHMKaMM XpMCTMRHCTBa- apiaHaMH, SIKi, JaoxoqeHi JiacKoro n;apiB, ys 'H3HIOBaJIM:, MY'lfMJIM ii y6nBaJIM npanoBipHMH JIIO.n;. ToMy-To "B cBoi:x .n;oBrMx no.n;opomax no MopiO ii cyllli BiH o6MMHaB ycRKRX 3YCTpiqel1: 3 npHXMJihHMKaMM aplaHCTBa I1: BM3HaBaB KepMaHHqaMM CBOel )J;Yllll TlJihKM TMX, ~o HlliJIR Tpa.n;Mn;i:i:l:Horo .n;opororo npaB)J;MBoi: no6o:>KHOCTi".

•

....

•

••

•

0

21

CiYH51

.IJ:o IloHTY BepHyBc.H BacMJii:H 3 CMJihHOIO rrocTam>BOIO y cepu;i - HacJii.n;yBaTM cyBope mMTT.H MOHaxiB. BiH BM6paB co6i MernKaHH.H Ha 6epe3i pit.IKM Ipic, rrpoTM AHHecil, .n;e mMJIM MOHaXMHi EMeJii.H, MaKpMHa Ta 'ixHi TOBapMIIIKM. Te Micu;e 6yJio rro6JIM3Y HoBo-Kecapi'i. "JKo.n;He iHrne Micu;e, - Ka3aB cB. BaCMJii:H, - He .n;aJIO MeHi TaKOrO rJIM60KOrO CIIOKOIO; TY,ll;M He ,ll;OXO,ll;MB raMip MiCTa, 60 u;e Micu;e 6yJIO .n;aJieKO Bi,ll; IIIJI.HXy IIO,ll;OpO:IKHiX; TiJihKM KiJihKa JIOBD;iB IIpMXO,ll;MJTH 0:/KMBMTM Haiiiy IIYCTMHIO".

BacMJii:H He.n;oBro 6yB caMiTHMH. Y IloHTi BiH 3Hai1:rnoB KiJihKOX XpMCTM.HH, I.IJ;O rrpo6yBaJIM CBOl CMJIM B aCKeTMl.J:HOMy mMTTi. BiH 3i6paB 'ix 6iJI.H ce6e i rroBoJii rrepeMiHMB CBOIO rrycTeJihHIO Ha MOHaCTMp. Terrep Yl.J:eHh cTaB yt.IMTeJieM, aJie He CB~TChKOrO rOJIOCHOrO KpaCHOMOBCTBa, a TMXOrO t.IepHel.J:OrO mMTT.H, rrocB.Hl.leHoro BoroBi. He3a6apoM TY,ll;M 3aroCTMB rpMropi:H 3 Ha3i.HH3a i rrepe6yBaB .HKin'::i:cb t.Iac 3 BacMJiieM. y CBOeMy JIMCTi rpMropi:H 3BopyrneHO rrpMra.n;ye C06i :IKMTT.H, .HKe BOHH IIpOBeJIM pa30M; "lXHi HeBIIMHHi MOJIMTBM, CIIiB IICaJIMiB, CB.HTi t.IyBaHH.ll, 3ri,ll;JIMBiCTh MaJIOl rpoMa.n;KM, .HKY BacMJii:H 3aoxot.IyBaB .n;o .n;ocKoHaJIOCTi CBOIM rrpMKJia.n;oM i ~'iMM rropa.n;aMM; 'ixHi cTy.n;i'i CB.HToro IlMchMa, HaBiTh po6oTy: .HK BOHM HOCMJIM .n;epeBO, JiyiiaJIM KaMiHH.ll, KOIIaJIM, IIOJIMBaJIM".

CB.HTMH BM6paB co6i crrpaB.n;i cyBope mMTT.H. BaraTMH rpoMa.n;.HHMH BM6paB y6oricTh. O.n;Ha TyHiKa i1: o.n;MH rrJiarn; 6yJIM HOrO O,ll;.HrOM. JiimKOM 6yJia ,ll;OIIIKa a6o KMJIMM, p03CTeJieHMH Ha 3eMJii. XJii6, ciJih, KiJihKa oBot.IiB - u;horo BMCTat.IaJio :HoMy Ha rromMBy. qMcTa ripchKa Bo.n;a racMJia :Horo crrpary. 3a cJioBaMM rpMropi.H, BiH 6yB JIIO,ll;MHOIO l.J:MCTOIO, B60rOIO, BMCyiiieHOIO ,ll;OBrMMM IIOCTaMM, 6Jii,ll;OIO Bi,ll; Bil.J:HMX l.lyBaHh, 6e3 miHKM, 6e3 MaHHa, .HKMH He MaB MaHme Hi TiJia, Hi KpOBi. .. B CBOeMy 3aTMIIIKY cB. BacMJiiH BiB cyBope, acKeTMt.IHe :IKMTT.H, 3aiipOIIIYIOl.IM ,ll;O HhOrO CBOlX 6paTiB-MOHaXiB :IKMBMM IIpMKJia,ll;OM i CJIOBOM CBOlX IIOBl.J:aHh. "XTO XOl.le 6yTM crrpaBmHiM acKeTOMMOHaXOM, - rOBOpMB HOBMH llpOBi,ll;HMK, - HOrO .n;yrna IIOBMHHa 3a6yTM BCe MMHyJie, CBOl IIOl.lyBaHH.H, CIIpaBM, IIOrJI.H,ll;M, rrpMeMHOCTi, 3BMl.IKM Ta CTBOpMTM B co6i rropomHet.Iy. BoHa Mae ~TaTM MOB Ta BOCKOBa Ta6JIMl.J:Ka, 3 .HKOl CTepTi CTapi 6yKBM i rtMIIIeThC.H HOBe IIMChMO. Ileprnoro yMoBoiO, rn;o6 .n;ii1:TM .n;o TaKoro CTaHy, e Bi.n;.n;aJieHH.ll Bi,ll; CBiTy. IloTiM IIpMM,ll;e MOJIMTBa, rrpau;.H, HayKa". 路 Och TaKi .n;yMKM BMCJIOBJIIOBaB BacMJiiH Ha rrot.IaTKY cBoro MOHaiiioro :IKMTT.H B JIMCTi .n;o cBoro .n;pyra. 3ro.n;oM cB. BacMJii:H

22

1 CiYHR

CKJiaB ,n;Bi a6ipKH - 55 i 313 rrpaBHJI, ~0 CTaJIH M ,n;oci € rrpaBHJihHHKOM MoHaiiioro .mn:T'r.H, HacaMrrepe,n; Ha Cxo,n;i. BiH 3aiiOl.£aTKyBaB MOHaCTHpChKi IIIKOJIH, ~0 B cepe,n;HhOBil.£l.£i 6yJIH ocepe,n;KaMH xpHCTH.HHChKOI KYJII>Typn:.

Ko.11n: cs. Bacn:Jiill: rrposo,n;n:B y rrycTHHi csoi: rrepiiii poKH MOHarnoro .mHTT.H, B Kecapil rroMn:pas e:rrHcKorr ,l.(i.HHill:, xpn:cTHTeJih cs. Bacn:Jii.H. OcKiJihKH ,l.(i.HHill: 3HaBc.H 3 apiaHaMH, BacHJiill: rropsas 3 HHM yc.HKi 3B'.H3KH. Ta KOJIH ,l.(i.HHill: si,n;l.lyB CBiM KiHeD;b, TO He 3aXOTiB IIOMHpaTH B p03JIYD;i 3 BaCHJiie:M; IIOCJiaB ITO HbOrO i CKJiaB rrepe,n; HHM BH3HaHH.H rrpaB,ll;HBOl BipH, ~06 He 6yTH Bi,ll;JIYl.J:eHHM Bi,n; 318 €IIHCKOIIiB, ~0 IIpOrOJIOCHJIH cBiToBi TY CB.HTY HayKy. TaKy rroBary MaB cB. Bacn:.11i:H: l.lepe3 CBO€ 3HaHH.H M CB.HTiCTb .mHTT.H: XOl.£ ~e He 6yB CB.H~eHHKOM, Ta MOrO €IIHCKOII He XOTiB YMHpaTH, He 6y,n;Yl.£H 3 HHM y ,n;yXOBHiM 3Jiyn;i.

IlicJI.H cMepTi ,l.(i.HHi.H sn:6pann: :H: BHCB.HTHJIH Ha e:rrn:cKorra Kecapii: €scesi.H, ri,n;Hy :H: l.leCHY csiTChKY JIID,ll;HHy. €scesi:H: ~e paHirne 3HaB ,n;o6pe l.leCHOTH Bacn:Jii.H, TOMY Hes,n;os3i BHCB.HTHB :H:oro Ha CB.H~eHHKa, ~o6 MaTH ,n;o6poro rroMil.IHHKa. Cs. Bacn:Jiill: rn;n:po rrpan;rosaB ,n;JI.H crraciHH.H ,n;yiii. Ta rro6al.£HBII1H €scesiese HeB,ll;OBOJieHH.H THM, ~0 Hapo,n; 6iJibllie 3BepTa€TbC.H ,ll;O HhOrO, Him ,n;o €scesi.H, siH Hecrro,n;iBaHo IIOKHlJqB Karrrra,n;oKiro :H: nosepHyBc.H ,n;o MOHaCTHp.H B AHHecil. KoJIH .m He6e3rreKa 3 6oKy apiaH i Hosoro apiaHChKoro iMrrepaTopa BaJieHTa rrol.laJIH CHJihHO 3arpo.mysaTH Karrrra,n;oKii:, e,n;n:Hn:ll: BacHJiill:, Mir 3'e,n;HaTH HaBKOJIO ce6e Hapo,n; ,ll;JI.H My.mHhOrO OIIOpy rrpOTHBHHKaM XpHCTOBOl BipH. 3aJIHII1HBII1H B MOHaCTHpi HaCTO.HTeJieM CBOrO 6paTa IleTpa, .HKHM 3ro,n;oM eTas errn:cKorroM CesacTil, rrosepHysc.H 362 poKy 3HOBY ,ll;O €BCeBi.H, ~06 CTaTH MOrO Hall:peBHiillHM, a o,n;Hol.lacHo :H: Hall:rroKipHirnn:M Ta ru;n:poan:l.IJIHBHM rroMil.IHHKOM. 3asorosasrnn: ,n;oBip'.H e:rrn:cKorra, BacMJiill: 6ea Tpy,n;Horu;iB ycyHyB po36paT, ~o 6ys Mi.m Hapo,n;oM, i 3rypTyBaB ycix rrpasosipHn:x ,n;JI.H crriJII>Horo orropy sopo.moMy HacTyrrosi. O,n;HHX yTilliaB, iHII1HX CTpHMyBaB Bi,n; Ha,n;MipHoro 3aiiaJiy, - ycix aaoxol.lyBaB ,n;o 6opoTn6n:. ApiaHH si,n;cTynHJIH 3 copoMoM i ripKHM L{OCBi,ll;OM, rrepeKOHaBIIIHCh, ~0 He TaK JierKO 3aXHTaTH Karra,n;oKiMChKHM Hapo,n;, .HKHM HeiiOXHTHO 36epirae: Bipy B IlpecB.HTY Tpi:H:n;ro. · Y TOM l.lac cs. Bacn:.11i:H: snop.H,n;Kysas 6oroc.11y.m6y B csoi::H: n;epKBi, JaJIHII1HBII1H IIOMiTHHM CJii,n; y JliTypri.HX cxi,n;HHX n;epKOB. Y scix rpen;hKHX rraTpiapxaTax ~e rrocJiyrosyiOThC.H JliTyprie:ro cs. Bacn:Jii.H, a B Hac si,n;rrpaBJI.HIDTh 11 10 pa3iB Ha piK .

•

23

Ci"'HS!

IloJa cyTo n;epKOBHHMH cnpaBaMH CB. BacHJiiH J~HMaBCH B Kecapil TaKo.m 6araThMa JOBHiniHiMH, HacaMnepe.n; .n;o6potiHHHHMH cnpaBaMH. BiH cTaB orriKyHoM y6ornx Ta 3opraHi3yBaB .n;onoMory tiy.mHHD;HM, He,n:y.mHM i cTapHM JIIO.lJ:HM. KoJIH B 367-368 poKax y Kanrra.n;oKii: 6yB .maxJIHBHH roJio.n;,- ypH.n;.HHRH Hatie OCTOBIIiJIH 3 TipHtiHHH He6yBaJIOrO Helll;aCTH H He npo6yBaJIH 3apa,n;HTH 3araJihHi:ti Hy.m.n;i. O,n:HH cB. BacHJiiii cnimHB pHTyBaTH .mepTBH roJiop;y. Ilpo.n;aB yce, Ill;O MaB, 3a rrpn.n;6aHi rporni CKYIIJISIB xaptii if pHTYBaB roJIO.lJ:HHX. Ha Ma:ti.n;aHi B Kecapii: 36HpaJIHCSI 6ip;HHKH, JIIO;J;H, 6Jii,n:i 3 rOJIO.D:Y, BHCHa.meHi .miHKH, MapHi p;iTH, Ill;O Jie,n:Be TpHMaJIMC.fl Ha Horax; 6yJIM TaM HaBiTh iyp;el. A BacHJiii!, ni.n;rrepe3aBIIIH ce6e <PapTyxoM, 38 .lJ:OTIOMOrOIO CBOlX CJiyr i MHJIOCep.n;HHX JIIO)J;eH CaM p03,n:aBaB naHKH. A HK Ha.n;xop;HJia ro,n:HHa 6orocJiy.m6H, BiH cniIIIHB )1;0 n;epKBH, p03.lJ:8IO"'IH yciM, y6orHM i 6araTHM, Ill;e n;iHHiiiiHH xJii6 Bo.moro CJIOBa. Xoti BacHJiiH 6yB y TOH tiac 3BH"'I8HHHM CBHI.l.l;eHHKOM, flora tieCHOTH OIIpOMiHIOB8JIH BeCh xpncTH.HHChKHH Cxip;. KoJIH .m 370 poKy IIOMep €IIMCKOII €BCeBiH, rrpaBoBipHi BJia,n:HKH if Hapo.n;, He3Ba.maiOtiH Ha nepeCB. BACI1JIIH - yqJ1TEJih IIIKO)::(H apiaH i HeBipHHX, U:EPKBI1 Bi.n;,n:aJIH cBoi: cepn;.H if roJiocH Ja cB. BacHJii.H. CTapn:H i xBopn:H errncKon Ha3iHH3a, 6aThKO cB. rpHropi.H, Hatie caMHM He6oM ni.n;TpHMaHHH B TOH Ba.mKHH tiac, CaM BHCB.HTHB i TIOC8.lJ:HB Ha npeCTOJii HOBOrO €TIHCKOIIa. KoJin cB. BacHJiiH cTaB apxienHcRonoM-MHTporroJIMTOM Karrna.n;oKii:, TO 3HaHIIIJIHCh TaKi .n;yxoBHi oco6H, Ill;O npoTHBHJIHCh HOMy H He BHKOHyBaJIH HOrO MHTpOIIOJIH"'IHX Ha.Ka3iB. 3a KiJihKa Jii'i- TeprreJIHBOCTi, Jiari)::(HOCTi if mo6oBi CB. BacHJiiH 3'e.n;HaB THX npoTHBHHKiB, HKi ycBi,n:oMHJIH: "xTo rrpoTHBHThCH BacHJiieBi, npoTHBHThC.H BoroBi". Ta u;e He .n;a.n:o CB.HTOMY '6a.maHoro crroKoiO, 60 B.me H8.lJ:XO.lJ:HB BOpO.mHH H8CTYTI epeTHKiB-apiaH i nepecJii,n:yBaHHH npaBOBipHHX IIi):( BHCOKHM TIOKpOBOM iMnepaTopa BaJieHTa,

24

1 CiYHS!

.HKMH CaM CTaB apiaHMHOM i CTapaBC.H BCIO)J;M ITPMID;eiTMTM D;IO epech. IIepe.n; Tiero cnpaBoiO nocTynaJIMC.H Bci .n;epmaBHi cnpaBM. Yp.Hp;HMKH, Bi:i1:cbKOBa cTaprnMHa, BO.HKM Bee cJiymMJIO iMnepaTOpOBi B ITOIIIMpeHHi apiaHCTBa H nepecJiip;yBaHHi ITpl:)JJOBipHMX xpMCTM.HH. BiciM.n;ec.HT cB.HID;eHMKiB 3 IJ;apropo.n;a cnamiJIM 3 Kopa6JieM Ha Mopi. B ycix MicTax, KY.LIM npnxo.n;MB iMnepaTop, npaBOBipHi TepniJIM T.HmKMH rJiyM. IJ;epKBM Bip;p;aBaJIM epeTMKaM, ITOraHaM a60IO)J;e.HM . .il:iBMD;h 3HeBamaJIM, BipHMX KM,[IaJIM 3BipaM, enMcKoniB po3p;MpaJIM KJiim;aMM, xpMCTM.HHCbKa KpoB 3aJIMBaJia ,LIOJiiBKY CB.HTMHh. 0nJI.HMJieHM:i1: KpoB'IO B o.n;Hi:i1: npoBiHn;ii:, 3Min;HeHM:i1: Bi.n;cTynCTBOM y iHrni:i1:, iMnepaTop Ha6JIMmaBc.H Tenep .n;o Kanna.n;oKii:, .n;e CB. BacMJii:i1: 6yB apxienMcKonoM. BacMJii:i1: tieKaB M:oro 6e3 JI.HKy. 8nMCKOITaM, ,LIBOp.HHaM i BC.HKMM yp.H,LIHMKaM, .HKMX iMnepaTop nocMJiaB 3 o6JieCJIMBMMM CJIOBaMH .n;o cB. BacHJii.H, BiH 'IHHMB piiiiYtiMH onip.

Ha:i1:6iJihlllHH cnpOTHB, 3aiTHCaHMH CD. rpnropieM Ha3i.HH3hKMM, .n;aB cB . BacMJii:i1: HaiicTpaniHirnoMy npoTHBHHKOBi, npecpeKTOBi npeTopii: .ll:oMeTieBi-Mo.n;ecToBi, m;o HaKa3aB cnaJIHTH 80 CB.HID;eHMKiB Ha Kopa6Jii. To:i1 npHHH.HB xpmn;eHH.H 3 pyK apiaHMHa :i1: yBecb naJiaB <PaHaTM3MOM apiaH~oi: ceKTM. KoJIH CB. BacMJii.H np:aBeJIH .n;o Mo.n;ecTa, TOH He npHBiTaBc.H 3 HHM, a 3aKp:atiaB: - qOMY TH 3YXBaJIO OIT:HpaeiiiC.H BeJIHKOMY iMnepaTOpOBi H caM o.n;:aH 3-noMim ycix He cJiyxaernc.H i1oro?

- II.I;o MaiOTb 03HatiaT:a n;i cJioBa? - cn:aTaB CB. BacHJii:i1:. IIpo .HKY 3YXBaJiiC'l'h Ta npo .HK:H:i1: HenocJiyx TH roBop:arn? .H He po3yMiiO. - TH He B:H3Haern Bip:H iMnepaTOpa TOp;i, KOJI:H BCi iHIDi 1:i1: ni,n;.n;an:acb .n;o6poBiJibHO a6o 3 npHMycy.

- Mi:i1: IJ;ap 3a6opou.He MeHi n;e . .H He Momy BeJIM'!aT:a TBOpHBa, MeHe Bar CTBOpHB i npH3HatiHB p;JI.H YtiaCTi B Bomi:i1: npHpo.n;i.

Po3JIIO'!eHH:i1: npe<PeKT notiaB Top;i norpomyBaT:a BacHJiieBi Bi,n;i6paHH.HM Ma:i1:Ha, 3aCJiaHH.HM, MyKaMM, CMepTIO. - IIorpomy:i1 MeHi 'IHMOCh iHIIIHM, 6o mo,n;Ha 3 THX Kap He HacTparn:aJia MeHe, - Bi.n;noBiB CB.HTHH cnoKi:i1:Ho. - qoMy? - ToMy lll;O KOHcj_liCKaD;i.H He 3JI.HKae Taro, XTO He Mae Hi'Ioro.

Xi6a TH xotiern 3a6paT:a n;e:i1: noTepT:aH o.n;.Hr :i1 Ti KiJibKa KHHmoK, m;o e MOIM 6araTCTBOM? He 6iJihiiie JI.HKaiOcb 3acJiaHH.H . .H He 3B'.H3aHffH 3 mO,D;H:HM MiCD;eM. Q.H 3eMJI.H , Ha .HKiH .H Tenep, -He Mo.H; .n;e 6 MeHe He 3acJiaJIH, .H 3aBm.n;H 6y,n;y B.n;oMa;

25

1 Ci4H51

a6o Kpa:ru;e cKa3aTH, R 3HaiO, :w;o BCR 3eMJIR HaJiejf£HTh BoroBi i1: YCIO,ll;H R TYT l!ymnHei.J;h i IIO,ZJ;OpomHiM. I.IJ;o.n;o MyK, TO BOHR MaJIO BpamaiOTh MeHe; MOe TiJIO TaKe HeMil!He, :rn;o rrepiiiMM y.n;ap noBaJIMTh ii:oro. CMepTh 6y.n;e MeHi .n;o6pol!MHCTBOM: BOHa Bi3hMe Me He CKOpime ,ll;O Bora, ,ll;JIR RKOrO mHBY, RKOMY CJiymy, ,ZJ;JIR RKOrO R Bme HaiiiBMepTBHM i ,ll;O RKOrO MeHi Tpe6a CIIiiiiHO .n;icTaTHCR. - HixTo :w;e He roBopHB .n;o MeHe TaK cMiJIMBO, - Bi.n;rroBiB OCTOBIIiJIMM npeq)eKT. - IJ;e TOMy, :w;o TH :w;e HiKOJIH He 3ycTpi"<IaB errncKorra. B ycix pel!ax, rrpe<}leKTe, MH Jiari.n;Hi, MHpHi. Konn m :H.n;eThCR rrpo Hamoro Bora, To.n;i MM He 3HaeMo 6iJihiii Hi"<Ioro i1: Hi na :w;o He ,ZJ;HBHMOCh, TiJihKM Ha Hhoro o.n;Horo. BoroHh, Mel!, ,ZJ;MKi 3Bipi, KJii:rn;i, :rn;o p03,ZJ;HpaiOTh TiJIO, 6iJihiiie ,ll;O,ZJ;aiOTh HaM 3aOXOTM, Hi'}K cTpaxy. 06cnn Me He 3HeBaraMH, rrorpomy:H, po6n, :w;o xol!em, o.n;HaK 3Haro, :w;o TM He 3Momem rrepeMorTM Hac i IIi,ZJ;KOpMTM CBOIM 6e360mHMM HayKaM, KOJIM 6 TM HaBiTh rrorpomyBaB HaM :w;e 6iJihiiiMMM KapaMH. 3HeOXOl!eHHM npe<}leKT IIiiiiOB ,[\0 iMrrepaTopa.

- IlaHe, - cKa3aB BiH .n;o BaneHTa, - errncKorr rrepeMir HaC. fioMy He CTpaiiiHi mO,ZJ;Hi IIOrp03M ... 3aJIHIIIaeThCR TiJihKH O,ll;HH 3aci6 __;gaCMJIJIR. IlicJIR Toro iMrrepaTop BaJieHT He TiJihKM rrepecTaB rrepecJii.n;yBaTH CB. BacnJiiR, aJie HaBiTh cTapaBcR rri.n;TpMMyBaTM 3B'R30K 3 HHM, 6yB rrpncyTHi:H Ha :Horo 6orocnym6ax. Y 372 pou;i BiH rrpnii:moB y .n;eHh CBRTa BoroRBJieHHR .n;o KaTe.n;paJihHO'i u;epKBH B Kecapii: :H 3aMHRB Micu;e Mim BipHMMH. KoJIH rro"<IyB crriB rrcaJIMiB y BomoMy .n;oMi, rro6a"<IHB tJ:HCJieHHMM rro6omnnii: Hapo.n; i rroBHHX Bomoro cTpaxy Ta rro.n;i6Hnx .n;o aHreniB u;epKOBHMX CJiymnTeJiiB, a cepe.n; HHX - CaMoro CB. BaCMJiiR, TiJIOM HepyXOMOrO, 30p0M rri.n;HeceHoro, a .n;yxoM 3Jiyl!eHoro 3 BoroM, .n;yme 3,ll;MByBaBCR. roJIOBa MOMY 3aKpyTMJiaCR. KoJIH jK rri.n; l!ac rrpMHOCY l!eCHMX .n;apiB BiH MaB CaM HeCTH CBiM .n;ap ,ll;O BiBTapR, TO 3aXMTaBCR, IIOl!aB TpeMTiTH M BIIaB 6H Ha 3eMJIIO, RK6M XTOCh 3 .LlYXOBHHX He rri.n;TpMMaB M:oro, rro.n;aBIIIM :HoMy pyKy. MomHa 6yJio Ha.n;iRTMCR, :w;o BaneHT i Ha,ZJ;aJii 6y.n;e rrpMR3HO cTaBMTMCR .n;o CB. BacnJiiR, Ta 3ro.n;oM apiaHH BIIJIHHYJIH Ha iMrrepaTopa, :w;o6 BiH nporHaB CBRToro 3 Kparo. KoJIH cB. BacnJiiii: MaB yme BHO"<Ii liHlm,ZJ;maTH 3 MiCTa, paiiTOBO 3aHe.n;ymaB iMrrepaTOpChKMM CHH laJiaT. IJ;apHD;R .lJ:oMHiKa CTpHBOmMJiaCR, 60 B CHi MaJia IIOIIepe.n;meHHR, :rn;o lXHiM CHH TepiiMTh 3a Kplffi.n;y, 3arro.n;iRHY CB. eiiHCKOIIy. IlpHHeBOJieHHM KpaMHhOIO IIOTpe6oiO, .HK 3aCBi,ZJ;tJ:ye icTopHK Teo.n;opeT, iMnepaTop 3aKJIMKaB CB. BacnJiiR .n;o ce6e i1:

26

1

ci~Hs:l

ITpOCHB Roro ITOMOJIHTHCR aa BH~ymaHHR CHHa. CB. BacHJiiR o6i:u;RB, rn;o :r'aJiaT o.n;ymae, RKrn;o 6y.n;e oxpHrn;eHHR y ITpaB.n;HBiR Bipi. lMITepaTop ciTotiaTKY o6i:u;RB :u;e apo6HTH, R CHHOBi CTaJIO Jierrne; Ta 3rO,l{OM CITOHyKaHH:R CBOeiO ITpH:CRrOIO CJIY:>KHTH "' apiaHaM, BCyiTepeti aacTopoai cB. BacH:JiiR, .n;aB oxpHCTHTH CHHa apiaHaM; faJiaT 3pa3y ITOMep. IlepeJIRKaHHR iMITepaTOp 3aJIH:IIIHB CB. BaCHJiiR B CITOKOIO, HaBiTb p03KaRBCR, ITpH:RIIIOB ,l{O :u;epKBH Ta cJiyxaB HayKH CBRToro. IlicJIR CJiym6H Bomo'i cB. BacHJiiR 3aiTpocHB iMITepaTopa .n;o ce6e R po3MOBJIRB 3 HHM ITpo Bipy.

3axoiTJieHHR My.n;picTIO cB. BacHJiiR, iMITepaTop ITo.n;apyBaB ROMY rapHi 3eMJii ,l{JIR B60rHX. AJre ITO RKOMYCb IIBCi XHTKHH iMITepaTop, 3HOBY ITi.n;.n;aBIIIHCh apiaHaM, BHpirnHB ITporHaTH cB. BacHJiiR a KpalO. Ta KOJIH B:>Ke MaB ITi.n;ITHCaTH TOR HeciTpaBe.n;JIHBHR .n;eKpeT, TPH'Ii 3JiaMa.Jioch ROMY ITepo, a BKiH:u;i ITotiaJia Roro ITpaBa pyKa TaK CH:JibHO TpeMTiTH, lll;O ITepeJIRKaHH:R iMITepaTOp ITOpBaB HeiTi,l{ITH:CaHH:R .n;eKpeT i JIHIIIHB cB. BacHJiiR B ciToKolO. A cB. fpHropiR Ha3iRH3hKHR aa3Hatiae, rn;o B TOR tiac 3aHe.n;ymaB TaKom Bi~OMHR ITpeqJeKT Mo~ecT; y He~y3i ITpHKJIHKaB CB. BacHJiiR, ITpOCHB BH6atieHHR 3a ~aBHIO 3HeBary, a, BH~y:>KaBIIIH 3a MOJIHTBaMH: CBRToro, cTaB Roro ITPHRTe.JieM. Y TOR 'lac, RK :u;e TaKom 3ayBa:>KHB CB. fpH!'OPiR (ITpoiT. 20), o~Ha B,ll;OBa 3HaTHoro po~y TepiTiJia ITPHKpou£ Bi~ HaiTacJIHBoro meHH:Xa; B TpHB03i ITpOCH:Jia 3aXH:CTy B CB. BaCHJiiR, a BiH ITOCJiaB fi ~o MOHaCTHpR cecTpH MaKpHHH. B ciTpaBy BTPYTHBCR HaMiCHHK ITpecpeKTa €BceBiR, BHKJIHKaB cB. BacHJiiR ~o ce6e, HaKa3aB 3ipBaTH 3 Hboro MaHTilO R ITo~epTH ii, ITorpomyBaB ROMY 6H:tiaMH, 3a.Jii3HHMH KirTRMH R BHpBaHHRM ITetiiHKH 3 Roro HyTpa. CB. BacHJiiR ycMixHyBcR R cKa3aB: "3a Te R 6y~y To6i rn;11:po B~R'IHHR, 60 MeHi ITetiiHKa RKpa3 ~OKyiiae, TO RK BHpBeiii ii, 3Bi.JitHH:III MeHe Bi~ ~ocHTh 6oJIIOtioi: tiaCTHHH". THM tiacoM ITO MicTy poaiRIIIJiacR BiCTKa, rn;o CB. BacnJiiR - y CMepTeJihHiR He6e3ITe:u;i B HaMiCHH:Ka. IlotiyBIIIH :u;e, JilO~H 3i CMOJIOCKHITaMH, KaMiHHRMH R ~plOtiKaMH rn;ocHJIH ITo6irJIH ~o .n;oMy HaMiCHHKa. HaBiTh miHKH 3 BepeTeHaMH ITOCITiiiiHJIH aaxHCTHTH BJia~HKY. IIo6atiHBIIIH TaKHR o6ypeHH:R Hapo~, cy~~R 3p06H:BCR ITOKipHHM i B:>Ke CaM ITpocHB 3axncTy B cB. BacHJiiR. CBRTHR, Ha ITpeBeJIHKY pa~icTh Hapo~y, BHRIIIOB CITOKiRHO R BeJIH'IHO 3 ~oMy HaMiCHHKa;.

3aciToKo'iBIIIH cBo'ix o6opoH:u;iB. AMqJiJioxiR, eiTHCKOIT IKoHiRChKHR, po3ITOBi~ae ITpo pi3Hi qy~a. rn;o ~iRJIHCh aa MOJIHTBaMH CB. BacHJiiR. B MicTi HiKe! apiaHH: HeCITpaBe~JIHBO 3a6paJIH: B ITpaBOBipHH:X :u;epKBy. JllO~H ITpocHJIH 'IIIOMO'Ii B CB. BacHJiiR. CBRTHR HaiTH:CaB JIHCTa ~o iMITepaTopa y :u;iR ciTpaBi, a TOR ~opytiHB BHpiiiiHTH ciTpaBy cB.

27

1

Ci4H51

BacMJiieBi a aacTepemeHH.HM, ~o BiH 6y,L{e 6eacTopoHHiM cy,L{,L{ero.

To):{i CB.HTMH CKJIMKaB rrpaBoBipHMX i apiaH Ha a6opM, rrooi,L{OMMB 1M rrpo pirneHH.H iMrrepaTopa M: CKaaaB apiaHaM aarret.IaTaTM u;epKBY, IIOCTaBMTM CBOIO CTOpomy i TpM ):{Hi MOJIMTMC.H; .HK Bi,L{ lXHiX MOJIMTOB u;epKBa CaMa Bi,L{t.IMHMThC.H, BOHa 6y,L{e lXH.H HaBiKM; .HK~O )K He Bi,L{t.IMHMThC.H, TO,L{i 3p06JI.HTh Te CaMe KaTOJIMKM. ApiaHM MOJIMJIMCb 6e3 ycrrixy. To):{i CB. BacMJiiM: Bi,L{rrpaBMB yHot.Ii 3a MiCTOM y u;epKBi CB. ,Z:(io!VIM,L{a Bcenit.IHe, a BpaHu;i rrirnoB 3 JIIO,L{bMM rroxo,L{OM ,L{O aarret.IaTaHo'i u;epKBM. CTaBrnM rrepe,L{ 11 ,L{BepMM, Bci pa3oM 3acrriBaJIM: "rocrro,L{M, rroMMJiyM:!" OrricJI.H CB. BacMJiiM: nepexpecTMB 3aMKHeHi ,L{Bepi i rrpoMOBMB ypot.IMCTO: "BJiarocJIOBeH Bor xpMCTM.HHCbKMH 3aBm,L{M: HMHi i HaBiKM-BiKiB".

A KOJIM HapO,L{ Bi,L{IIOBiB Ha u;e: "AMiHb", TO,L{i, Hat.Ie Bi,L{ BiTpy M 6ypi, ,L{Bepi CaMi Bi,L{t.IMHMJIMC.H. IJ;epKBa 3aJIMliiMJiaC.H rrpaBOBipHMM, a.6araTO apiaH, rro6at.IMBliiM Te BeJIMKe t.IY,L{O, HaBepHyJIMC.H ,L{O rrpaB,L{MBOl BipM. Bo,L{HOt.Iac 3 repoM:chKOIO o6opoHOIO rrpaB,L{MBo'i XpMCTOBO'i BipM B CBOlll IIpOBiHD;il CB. BaCMJiiH ,L{6aHJIMBO opraHi30ByBaB CBOIO MMTpOIIOJiilO. IlMJibHO ,L{6aB IIpO Kpacy u;epKOBHOl 6orOCJiym6M M BMxoBaHH.H ,L{yxoBeHCTBa, 6amaiOt.IM, J..D;06 6yJia BeJIMKa Boma cJiaBa M: crraciHH.H ,L{yrn. Y6ori, rroKpMB,L{meHi, rrepecJii,L{yBaHi BCi, XBOpi ,L{yliieiO -j). TiJIOM, MaJIM B CB. BaCMJiieBi OIIiKyHa i IIOMiliHMKa, rrpecpeKTa, HaMiCHMKa, CaMOrO iMrrepaTopa, IIOCMJiaJIM M:oMy ycHi a6o IIMChMOBi rrpoxaHH.H, ~o BiHliaJIMCh ycrrixoM i rrpMHOCMJIM TeprrJI.HliMM rroJierrneHH.H. Po3rHiBaBc.H .HKMHCb rraH Ha cBo'ix HeBiJihHMKiB? BacMJiiM: BM6JiaraB 1M rrpo~eHH.H. HeB,L{OBOJieHMH .HKMHCh rroraHMH 3 HaBepHeHH.H cBoro CMHa? BacMJiiM: rrepeKoHye M:oro B 3BOPOTHOMY. IlpMMliiJIM 3,L{aJieKa IIO,L{OpOmHi, ~06 CIIpOBa,L{MTM ,L{O CBOrO Kparo TiJIO BMepJIOrO B Karrrra,L{oKi'i 6aTbKa? BiH cTapaeTbC.H ,L{JI.H HMX rrpo ,L{OIIoMory.

HecTalia rnJI.HxiB 36iJihrnye roJio,L{, ~o JIIOTye y rrpoBiHu;i'i? BiH IIMliie IIpOCTO ,L{O iMIIepaTOpa JIMCTa M rrpOCMTh 36y,L{yBaTM MOCTa. He 6yJio Hym,L{M, He 6yJio crrpaBM, MaJio'i liM BeJIMKo'i, 3araJihHO'i liM IIpMBaTHOl, peliHMKOM .HKOl 6 BiH He 6yB. Ma6yTh, HixTo Bi,L{ rreprnMx liaciB xpMCTM.HHCTBa He a6y,L{yBaB cTiJihKM BeJIMKMx ,L{06poliMHHMx 3aKJia,L{iB, .HK cB. BacMJiiM:. B ocepe,L{Ky MMTporroJiil, 6iJI.H Kecapii:, 6yJio BM,L{HO u;iJie MicTo 6y,L{iBeJib ,L{JI.H He~acnMx, .HKi rroTpe6yBaJIM ,L{OIIOMorM. CB. BacMJiiM: rroTyp6yBaBC.H rrpo cpaxiBu;iB ,L{JI.H HMX. Ha HaHBM,L{HirndMy Micu;i CTO.HJia u;epKBa. ,Z:(OBKOJia Hel 6yJIM ,L{iM 8IIMCKOIIa, .HKMH MeliiKaB 6iJI.H CBOIX XBOpMX i B60rMX? Ta 6y,L{MHKM, IIpM3HalieHi ,L{JI.H CB.H~eHMKiB. ,Z:(aJii llliiJIM rOCTMHMD;i ,L{JI.H IIO,L{OpOmHiX i IIpOliaH, rrpMTYJIKM ,L{JI.H CTapu;iB i JiiKapH.H ,L{JI.H

28

CiYHR

He~ymHx; npoKameHi Ma.JIH OKpeMe Micu;e. By;m TaM noMelliKaHH.H ~JI.H JiiKapiB, ~OrJI.H,Il;a"'IiB i ITpHCJiyrH; a TaKO:IK CTaHHi, KJiyHi i1: ~o~aTKOBi npHMi~eHH.H. Y TOMY MicTe"IJKY npon;BiTanH Bci peMeCJia; HaBKpyr rOCTHHHHX 6y~HHKiB 6yJIH BHCTaBJieHi po60TH,.

MHTI.J;iB. ByJIH TaM peMiCHH"'Ii i1: MHCTei.J;hKi IllKOJIH, npH3Ha"IJeHi ~JI.H cHpiT. Hapo~ Ha3HBaB Te MicTe"IJKO BacHJii.H~oJO. TaK ~6aB CB. BacHJiiH npo ~o6po 6JIH:>KHix. lHillHM Bi~~aBaB 6araTi CTOJIH, ~OpOrHH O~.Hr Ta BHCTaBHi KapeTH, a CaM nepe6yBaB Mi:>K npoKameHHMH i1: TYJIHB cBoi: ycTa ~o i:xHix KpHBaBHX paH. Y "IJacH CB. BacHJii.H 6araTo MYK i nepecni~yBaHh 3a3HatiaJIH npaBoBipHi Bi~ apiaH, :w;o He npH3HaBaJIH Icyca XpHcTa npaB~H­ BHM BoroM. CTaHOBH:w;e i:xHE: noripillyBanoch, KOJIH apiaHaMH cTaBaJIH HaBiTh iMnepaTopH. B o~HOMY 3i cBoi:x JIHCTiB ~o E:ITHCKoniB 3axo~y cB. BacHJiii1: onHcye He:w;acT.H, cnpH"'IHHeHi apiaHChKHM nepecJii~yBaHH.HM: "IJaCTHpi Ha BHrHaHHi, CTa~a po3irHaHi, i :w;o HaiicyMHiille, Hapo~ He BBamae mepTBH apiaH My-qeHHKaMH, TOMY I.I.l;O apiaHH Ha3HBaJOTh ce6e XpHCTH.HHaMH. HaHT.H:>Ktie KapaE:ThC.H TiJihKH O~HH 3JI01!HH: BipHiCTh oaThKiBChKOMY nepe~aHHJO. Koro B TOMY 3BHHyBaT.HTh, Toro nporaH.HIOTh 3 pi~Horo KpaJO, 3aCHJiaJOTh B oe3JIJO~Hi Kpal. Xoq, Hi.HKOro 3JI01!HHI.J;.H He 3aCy~:>KYIOTh Oe3 ~OKa3iB, ~OCHTh HaBiTh HaKJieny, :w;o6 nporOJIOCHTH BHHHHM E:ITHCKOITa H ITOKapaT*HOrO. ,r:.t;eKoro 3aOHpaiOTh BHOtii, Be3yTh B ~aJieKi Kpai: Oe3 :IKO~HOrO cy~y.

CB.H:w;eHHKH, ~H.HKOHH TiKaiOTh; ~yxiBHHI.J;TBO "IJHCeJihHO pi~ie. ,r:.t;Hi pa~ocTi 3MiHHJIHC.H ~H.HMH manooH. HeMa Bme 3rpoMM:>KeHh XpHCTH.HH, HeMa npOITOBi~HHKiB, HeMa IT060:>KHHX "IJyBaHh, HeMa ~YXOBHHX pa~o:w;iB. ,r:.t;OMH MOJIHTBH 3aKpHTi, BiBTapi CTO.HTh Oe3 mepTB. ,r:.t;iTeii HaBtiaJOTh 6e300:>KHHM HayKaM. Ilpo TpiH:u;ro BtiaTh TaK, HioH CHH He MaE: y-qacTi B BomiH: npMpo~i, a CB.HTHH ,r:.t;yx'e TBOpHBOM. ,r:.t;yilli 3BHKaJOTh ~0 OOrOXYJihCTB. 3JIO TaK 3pOCTa€, I.I.l;O KOJIH He CITHHHTH HOrO, TO He Tpe6a 6y~e ITOBepTaTH KaTOJIHKaM BOJii - oaraTO 3Be~eHHX ~OBrOTpHBaJIOlO cpaJibilllO, B:>Ke He HaBepHYThC.H ~0 npaB~H. "BaqaqH TaKe rope BipHHX XpHCTH.HH, cB. BacHJiiH pa3oM 3 iHillHMH enHcKonaMH nocHJiaB KiJihKa pa3iB nocJiiB ~o IIanH H: E:ITHCKoniB 3axo~y, npoc.HtiH y HHX Heraii:Hoi: ITOMOtii.

KpiM nocTiHHoi: npau;i Ta nponoBi~eH:, CB. BacHJiiH qacTo opaBC.H 3a nepo, :w;oo i ITHCeMHHM CJIOBOM CJIY:>KHTH Bomiii cnpaBi Ta cnaciHHJO JIJO~ChKHX ~Yill.

I.IJ;o~O TBOpiB CB. BaCHJii.H, TO OYJIH BOHH npO~HKTOBaHi To~imHiMH noTpeoaMH H: MaiOTh Mailme BHH.HTKOBO npaKTH"IJHe 3HatieHH.H. IlHcaB BiH ~orMaTH"IJHi H: acKeTH"IJHi TBopH, roMiJiii: Ta JIHCTH.

29

1 CiYHS'I ~orMaTH~HHMH TBopaMH e nncaHHH npoT~ EBHOMiH, apiaHCbKoro enncKona, B HKHX en. BacnJii:H: BeJIHKHH o6opoHH€ 6omecTBO Icyca XpncTa, a TaKom TBip npo Cnn:Toro ~yxa, IQO e TpaKTaToM npo 6omecTBO :i1: e,n;HHOCYIQHiCTh Cnn:Toro ~yxa. ~0 acKeTH~HHX TBOpiB HaJiemaTh: "ETHKa", "80 npaBHJI eTH~Horo mHTTH, o6r'pYHTOBaHHX TeKcTaMH a6o 4JaKTaMH Honora 3arroBiTy ,D;JIH ycix XpHCTHHH y CBiTi H MOHaCTHpi"; "BeJIHKHH ycTaB, T06TO 55 p03rOpHyTHX npaBHJI MOHaiiiOrO )KHTTH", i "MaJIHH ycTaB, a6o 313 KOpOTIIIHX npaBHJI", IQO € Ha~e KaTeXH3MOM MOHaiiiHX o6oB'H3KiB i ~eCHOT, TIO,D;aHHX y TIHTaHHHX i ni,n;noBi,n;n:x. Ti ycTaBH MiCTHTb MOHarny npaKTHKY I.Qe ,n;o ~aciB en. BacnJiiH, HKY niH MaB Haro,n;y ni3HaTH B €rnnTi TaB iHIIIHX Mic~.~;n:x. Py4JiH nepeKJiaB BacHJiieBi ycTaBH JiaTHHCbKO:EO MOBO:EO, a c~ . BeHe,n;HKT Ta InaH Kacin:H KOPHCTyBaJIHCh HHMH :i1: pa,n;HJIH i:x nepe:H:MaTH ~eHI.I;HM JiaTHHChKoro o6pn:,n;y. TaKHM ~HHOM BOHH CTaJIH He TiJihKH OCHOBOlO HOBOrO MOHarnoro )KHTTH Ha Cxo,n;i, 3aMiHIOlO~H TIYCTHHHe mHTTH Ha MOHaCTHpChKe, aJie TaKO)K BITJIHBaJIH Ha po3Bi:i1: i ycTpi:H: MOHarnoro mHTTH Ha 3axo,n;i.

3an,n;HKH THM ycTaBaM BacnJii:H: cTaB 3aKoHo,n;an~.~;eM eTH~Horo ycTpOIO CXi,D;HOrO MOHaiiieCTBa; CBiH lOpH,D;H~H:HH CTaTyC o,n;epmaB 't!HH CB. BacHJI~ BeJIHKoro ni,n; AnocTOJihChKoi: CTOJIHI.I;i.

Cn. Bacn.J!tH Hanncan 24 npononi,n;i, HKi no,n;iJIHIOTh Ha ,D;OrMaTH~Hi, MOpaJihHi, eK3ereTH~Hi, rraHeripH~Hi H rrpHHari,n;Hi; BCi BOHH BKa3y:EOTb Ha Te, IQO CB. BaCHJiiH 6yB npOMOBI.I;eM 3 Bomoi: JiaCKH. EK3ereTH~Hi roMiJiii:-~.~;e npononi,n;i npo IIIecTH,n;Hin'n:, T06To npo CTBOpeHHH CBiTy npOTHrOM IIIeCTH ,D;HiB, i npOITOBi,n;i Ha OCHOBi ncaJIMiB. IIIecTH,n;HiB'H en. BacHJiiH 3BeJin~ye CTBopeHHH cBiTy BOJielO BCeMoryTHboro TBOpll;H. rpnropi:H: BorOCJIOB roBopHB npo ~.~;i roMiJiii:: "CKiJibKH pa3iB 6epy IIIecTH,D;HiB 'n: BacnJiiH ,n;o pyK, ni,n;~yBa:EO 6JIH3hKiCTh Bora, :i1: 3,n;aeTbcn: MeHi, Ha~e 6 n: orJin:,n;aB CTBopeHHH". Cn. AMnpoci:H: HacJii,n;yBaB :H:oro B cnoeMy TBopi, HKHH MaB TaKy:H: caMy Ha3BY. roMiJieTH':IHi npononi,n;i CB. BacHJiiH Ha ITCaJIMH 6yJIH HanncaHi B aJierop:H~HO-,D;H,D;aKTH':IHOMY CT:HJii. 36eperJIOCh 365 JIHCTiB CB. BacHJiiH. B ocHOBHOMy, ~.~;e JIHCTH rrp:HBaTHi, rraCT:HpCbKi, ,D;OrMaT:H~Hi H ,D;:HCI.I;HTIJiiHapHi. JlHCTU en. BacHJiiH - ~.~;e 3aKiH~eHi 3pa3KH enicTOJIHpHoi: JiiTepaTypn, if 3a 3MiCTOM - HaHKpai.Qi iJI:EOCTpa~.~;ii: ,n;o mHTTenncy BacHJiiH :i1: cyqacHoi: :H:oMy ~.~;epKOBHoi: ,n;o6n. TBopn cB. BacnJiin: 6yJIH Ha~e :H:oro ,n;pyrHMH ycTaMn, IQO 3 JII06oBi ,n;() Bora :i1: 6JIHmHix npoMOBJIHJIH ,n;o IIann Ta iMnepaTopa, enncKonin, CBHI.QeHHKiB i

30

1

Ci'-IHR

MoHaxiB, ypH.n;HHKiB i umpoKHX Hapo.n;HHX Mac - ,ll;JIH cJiaBH Bora :H: .n;o6pa 6e3cMej:>THHX JIIO,ll;CbKHX .n;yrn.

HanpnKiH:u;i mHTT.H cB. BacnJii.H oc.HHJia BeJIHKa pa.n;icTb. 3aKH Bar noKJIHKaB :H:oro no BiqHy Haropo.n;y, BiH 6aqnB nepeMory"' r(epKBH Ha,ll; apiaHi3MOM: B .n;epmaBi HaCTaB MHp, 3aKiHqHJIHCb nepecJii)l;yBaHH.H npaBOBipHHX, - BOHR MOrJIH CnOKiHHO BH3HaBaTH npaB.n;HBY XpncToBy Bipy.

CJiaBa CB. BacnJii.H noqaJiach rn;e 3a :tiara mHTT.H. KoJIH o.n;Horo pa3y CB. €<lJpeM 6yB y :u;epKBi :H: cJiyxaB nponoBi.n;i CB. BacnJii.H, TO TaK 6yB HHMH 3aXOnJieHHH, II.I;O CKpHKHyB: "HanpaB.n;y BeJIHKHH TH, BacnJiie, HanpaB.n;y Bomn:H: .IJ:yx roBopHTb qepe3 Te6e!" IlpoBiBrnH rn;e KiJihKa .n;HiB y po3MOBi 3i cB. BacnJiieM, BiH HanHCaB Ha HOrO qeCTb nOXBa.JibHe CJIOBO. ByB y Kecapil JiiKap, ro.n;e:H: M:ocn<P; JiiKapcbKY cnpaBy 3HaB TaK ,ll;OCKOHaJIO, II.I;O Mir He.n;ymoMy Ha KiJihKa ,ll;HiB Hanepe.n; nepe.n;6aqnTH cMepTb. CB. BacnJii:H: 6amaB HaBepHyTH M:ocn<Pa .n;o XpncToBo'i Bipn, TOMY qacTo po3MOBJI.HB 3 HHM i 3aoxoqyBaB .n;o npHHH.HTT.H cB. Xpnrn;eHH.H, aJie Ha.n;apMa. KoJIH cB. BacnJii:ti 3aHe.n;ymaB CMepTeJibHO, TO CnHTaB ifocH<lJa, II.I;O Bi)l;Bi.n;aB CB.HToro: C - KoJIH H BMpy? - He .n;omnBern .n;o Beqopa, - Bi.n;noBiB M:ocn<lJ. Ha Te cKa3aB cB. BacnJii:H:: - A .HK He noMpy .n;o 3aBTpa, qn .n;arn ce6e oxpncTHTn? ly.n;efl:, 6y.n;y<IH BneBHeHHM y C06i, Bi.n;noBiB: - KJI.HHyC.H, II.I;O .HK TaK 6y.n;e, TO CnOBHIO TBOIO BOJilO. KoJIH M:ocn<P nirnoB, 3aJIHiliHBiliH cB. BacnJii.H BMHpaTH, TOH noqaB MOJIHTHC.H, rn;o6 Bar npo.n;oBmHB :H:oMy mHTT.H ,ll;JI.H cnaciHH!J: iy.n;e.H. Bar npHXHJIHBCH .n;o :H:oro MOJIHTBH. HacTynHoro ,ll;H.H npn:H:rnoB M:ocn<P 3HOBY .n;o CB. BacnJii.H, a, no6aqnBrnH :H:oro iKHBHM, CKPHKHyB: - BeJIHKHH Bar xpncTH.HHCbKHH, i HeMa iHrnoro, KpiM Hhoro!

Bi.n;piKaiDCh Bi.n; Choro.n;Hi ro.n;e:H:cTBa, HaKamn MeHe oxpncTHTH! - .H caM oxpnrn;y Te6e, - cKa3aB cB. BacnJii:H:. I xoq BiH 6yB TaKHM ocJia6JieHHM, rn;o He Mir pyxHyTHCh, 3a Bomoro .n;onoMororo BCTaB 3 nocTeJii, nirnoB .n;o :u;epKBH i Ha oqax qncJieHHoro Hapo.n;y oxpHCTHB iy.n;e.H 3 yciero :H:oro po.n;nHoro; onicJI.H Bi.n;npaBHB rn;e CJiym6y Bomy. 3 ocTaHHix CHJI BHCB.HTHB TaKom nepe.n; cMepTlO KiJibKOX ,ll;H.HKOHiB i CBHII.I;eHHKiB. KoJIH poai:H:rnJiacb BiCTKa npo CMepTeJII>HY He.n;yry CB. BacnJii.H no Kecapil, .n;e. :H:oro TaK Jil06HJIH, HeB.n;OB3i Bee MicTo o6JI.HrJIO enncKonchKe noMernKaHH.H. Jlro.n;n nJiaKaJIH, MOJIHJIHC.H. KomHHH oxoqe 6 Bi.n;.n;aB 6araTO CBOlX )l;HiB, rn;o6 TiJihKH npO)l;OBlliHTH

31

1 CiYHfl

»<MTT.H BMnpaiOtioro BacHJii.H. Cn.HTM:il ronopnn 3 nHMH, :w;o H:oro oTotiyBaJIM. Ilpnra.n;ynan 'iM HayKn, .HKi niH rrporroni.n;ynan yce »<MTT.H, 3aOXO'IYIO'IM IX 6yTM CIIpaBmHiMM XpMCTM.HHaMM. HaKiHen;b H:oro roJioc ocJia6, i niH yme rroruerrKM rrpoKa3aB cJioBa en. IIcaJIMa: "focrro.n;n, B TBO'i pyKn ni.n;.n;aro cnoro .n;yxa", IIiCJI.H '!OrO CMepTIO rrpaBe,ll;HMKa 3aKiH'IMB CBOIO 3eMHY 6opOTh6y :ii rrpa:u;ro AJI.H rrpocJiaBM Bora Ta .n;o6pa 6JIM»<Hix .n;H.H 1 citiH.H 3 79 poKy, Ha 9 po:u;i CBOrO E:IIHCKOIICTBa H 49 po:u;i CBOrO TPYAOJII06Horo :ii CB.HToro »<MTT.H. IloxopoH en. BacHJii.H, :w;o ni.n;6ync.H 3a rrpono.n;oM H:oro 6paTa rpnropi.H, E:IIMCKOIIa Hiccn, 6yB crrpaBmHiM TpiyMcpOM. ,[(yxiBHMIJ;TBO HecJio ni.n;KpnTe TiJio Cn.HToro. 3 ycix 6oKiB TMCHYBC.H Hapo.n;. 0.n;Hi XOTiJIM MaTH XO'I HMTO'IKY 3 :iloro o.n;emi, itnni - .n;iTKHYTMC.H pyKoiO H:oro .n;oMOBMHM. ByJin :ii TaKi, .HKi 6amaJIM, :w;o6 BIIaJia Ha HHX XO~I TiHb TpyHM. JliO)l;M IJ;iJiyBaJIM 3eMJIIO, .HKOIO HecJin .n;oMOBMHy. Maca Hapo.n;y HarroBHMJia nyJin:u;i, Ma:iJ.n;aHM, BCe MiCTO; Ha .n;axiBKaX ,ll;OMiB 6yJIM Tem JIIO)l;M. 3araJibHMH 6iJib BM6yxaB TaK CMJibHO, :w;o 30HKM 3arJiyiiiyBaJIM :u;epKOBHMH err in. Y ci :ilruJIM y neJIMKOMY CMYTKY. l{yjKMH:u;i, IIOraHM, iy.n;e'i IIJiaKaJIM pa30M 3 rrpaBOBipHHMM. 3 BeJIMKMMM Tpy.n;Ho:w;aMHJIAaJioc.H orrycTMTM .n;oMOBMHY Cn.HToro .n;o rpo6Hn:u;i KecapiHCbKifX E:IIMCKOIIiB. CTapo.n;anHi rrncbMeHHMKM rrepeKa3aJIM HaM, .HK en. BacnJii:ii BMrJI.H,ll;aB: 6yB BMCOKOrO pOCTy, »<OBTyBaTMII 3 JIMIJ;.H, MOB'Ia3HMH; MaB ,ll;OBry 6opo.n;y, :w;o B OCTaHHi pOKM TpOXM IIOCMBiJia. CB.HToro BacnJii.H HaanaJin :w;e aa H:oro »<MTT.H BeJIMKMM. XpncTona IJ;epKna rrpniiH.HJia :u;10 Haany .HK BM3HaHH.H aa H:oro BeJIMKi 3aCJiyrM Ta 3a"<IMCJIMJia HOrO ,ll;O CBOlX CB.HTMX i BeJIMKMX nceJieHCbKMX ytiMTeJiiB. CnoiM xapaKTepoM, KYJihTyporo, TaJiaHTOM, rrpane.n;HiCTIO Ta HeBTOMHOIO cJiym6oro Bory :ii 6JIM»<HhOMY en. BacnJii:ii aacJiymnn 3BaHH.H BeJIMKoro :ii CB.HTOro. BacnJii:ii Man 6araTo .n;apynaHb ni.n; Bora, :w;o 3JIMJIMCn: rapMoHiiiHo B rapHni1:, CMJibHMH xapaKTep. YMiB rraHynaTn Ha.n; co6oro :ii Mir necTM iHrnnx JIIO.n;eH:. 3an.n;.HKM TOMY Cn.HTMH 6yn apaaKOBMM E:IIMCKOIIOM, opraHi3aTOpOM i 3aKOHO,ll;aBIJ;eM MOHaiilOI'O »<MTT.H Ta .n;o6potiMHIJ;eM. BiH He 3Heoxo~IyBaBC.H cepe.n; Tpy.n;Ho:w;in i Hen.n;aq; y rrp.HMyBaHHi .n;o cno'ix :u;iJieH: He aHenipronanc.H. Byn -;. JIIO)l;MHOIO rrpaKTM'IHOIO: po6MB TiJibKM Te, :w;o 6yJIO IIOTpi6He; TaK CaMO rOBOpMB i IIMCaB. Y IIpOIIOBi)l;.HX CTapaBC.H HaB'IMTM Hapo.n; poayMiTM rrpan.n;n nipn i BTiJIIOBaTM y :w;o.n;eHHOMY mnTTi. Bee, :w;o ronopHB tiM rrncan, rro.n;anan y rapHiH: cpopMi - HeHa"<Ie p03CHIIaB rrepJIM.

Ix

32

1 CiYHfl

Cn. fpn:ropiR Boroe!JIOB cKa3aB rrpo en. BaciiJii.II: "TH - OKO 3eMJii, TH - 3ByqHa Tpy6a R roJioc, TH - rraJiaTa HayKH. O,n;Ha necHa B pou;i, o,n;He coHu;e Mim 30pRMH, o,n;He He6o oropTae co6oro nee, o,n;HH roJioc BMII.J;e BChoro i ... u;e TBiR roJioc". A en. AMcpiJioxiR ronopHB: "ITornaHyRMO Terrep Roro rraM'RTh, rrpan,n;Hnoro 6aThKa, ru;o rropo,n;HB Hac €naHreJiieM y XpHcTi Icyci, a cnoero HayKoro rrepeMiHHB Hac Ha MHJIHX Bory ,n;iTeR". ,II;aJieKo ni,n; Hac TOR KpaR, ,n;e mHB en. BacHJiiR; ,n;anHo MHHYB i TOR qac, KOJIH BiH 3aKiHqun cnoe CBRTe mMTTR. Ta en. BacMJiiR 6JIM3hKMR HaM. BiH rrpo,n;onmye mMTM B yKpai:HChKOMY Hapo,n;i qepe3 qMH en. BacuJiiR BeJIMKoro. B u;iR qepHeqiR, peJiiriRHO,n;yxonHiR opraHi3ai.J;il yKpalHChKi BaCMJiiRHH R BaCMJiiRHKM rraM'RTaiOTh rrpo cnoro cJiaBHoro rraTpiapxa R 3aKoHo,n;anu;R, KpiiiJI.IITh CBOl ,n;yrni ITO MOHaCTHp.IIX IIpMKJia,LJ;OM ROrO CB.IITOrO mHTT.II R CJIOBaMM ROrO HayKH, a BO,ll;HOqac HeCyTh Ti CKap6M pi,n;HOMY Hapo,n;oBi Ta p03,LJ;aiOTh IX CTapHM i MaJIHM qepe3 CBOl IIIKOJIM, qacOIIMCH R KHHmKH, qepe3 CBOl ,n;yrnrraCTMpChKi R MicioHepchKi Hayrm.

TaK mnne B yKpai:HChKOMY Hapo,n;i rraM' .liTh rrpo en. BacuJiiR BeJIMKoro, a o,n;HoqacHo po3BMBaeThCR R TaKe muT'Zlf, RKMM niH CaM )KHB KOJIHCh i .IIKOrO peBHO Hanqan iHIIIMX 3 JIIOOOBi ,ll;O focrro,n;a Bora.

A caM en. BacuJiiR yTirnaeThCR Tiero Haropo,n;oro, ru;o 11 o6iu;.11e CBRTe fiMChMO 3a ,ll;OTpHMaHH.II 3aiiOBi,n;eR: "A XTO BMKOHae lX i HaBqMTh, TOR 6y,n;e BeJIMKMM y He6ecHiM IJ;apcTni" (MT 5:19).

1

ci'IHR'

CBHTIIH O,ZJ;IJIOH CyMHO BMrJIR,n;aJia 3axi,n;Ha €nporra B X cTopiqqi. ITpuqMHOIO TOro maJIIOri,n;Horo CTaHy 6yJIO OCJia6JieHH.II XpMCTH.IIHChKOrO ,n;yxy B cycrriJihCTBi. O,n;HMM 3 HeneceJIMX rrpoRBiB Taro qacy 6yJio Te, ru;o CMJia BMpirnyBaJia nee. lHIIIOIO TiHHIO TOrO CTOpiqq.fi 6yB 3aHerra,n; qepHeqoro mHTT.II. A MoHacTupi, RK ni,n;oMo, 6yJIM i e TBep,n;HHRMM XpHcTonoi: nipu R ru;upoi: xpHCTMRHChKOI rro6omHocTi, ,n;e qeHu;i rri3HaBaJIM Bora, cep,n;eqHo JIIOOMTM Horo R cJiymMJIM HoMy RKHaRnipHirne ,n;o caMoi: cMepTi. Ta B X cTopiqqi MOHarne mMTTR ocJia6Jio. MymeM Bo41<oro llpoBH,n;iHHR, ru;o cTaB ,n;o BHpirnaJihHOl 6opOTh6M 3i 3JIOM i rrpHqMHMBCR ,n;o crracemroi: o6HOBH, 6yn en.

O,n;iJIOH. llpMRillOB BiH Ha cniT 6JIM3hKO 962 poKy B ciM'i: rpacpa

33

~

1

CiYHil

MepKepa 3 0BepHh. XJionqnHoro BiH T.fDKKO 3aHe.n;yJKaB, :H:oMy 3arpomyBaJIO KaJiiD;TBO; qy.n;eCHO BH,l(ymaBIUH nepe,l( BiBTapeM Bomo1 MaTepi, O.n;iJIOH .n;aB o6iTHHD;IO, :r.u;o 3aBm.l(H 6y.n;e 11 BipHMM CJiyroiO. Ta KOJIH BiH BMpic 3,l(OpOBHM, MOJIO,l(HM rpacpoM, .HKOMY noqaJIO llpHHa,l(HO ycMiXaTHC.H BeJIHKOCBiTChKe, p03KiiiiHe )KHTT.H, . J'apHOMy i p03YMHOMY IOHaKOBi, 6yJIO HeJierKO BHpiiiiHTH, 3 qHM BiH Mae BH6paTHC.H B ,l(Opory )KHTT.H: 3 MeqeM qH XpeCTOM? IIJ;onpaB.n;a, BiH He llpOTHBHBC.H CB01H pi.l(Hi, .HKa, 3ri,l(HO 3 .liYXOM qacy, Bme 6aqHJia :H:oro a6aTOM H KaHOHiKOM, I.IJ;O MaB y CB01H BJiaCHOCTi BeJIHKe MaHHO; BiH HaBiTh npHHH.HB HHmqi n;epKOBHi cB.HqeHH.H. Ta Bi.n; caMoro CB.HI.IJ;eHHD;TBa BiH cTpHMyBaBc.H, .n;o6pe ycBi,l(OMJIJOIOqH, I.IJ;O Bi,l( BiBTap.H HeMae CJiaBHOrO BOpOTT.H. 3po6HTH BMpiiiiaJihHHH i :r.u;acJIHBHH BH6ip :H:oMy .n;onoMorJia BHnap;KoBa 3YCTpiq 3i cB. Ma:H:oJioiO, cTapMM noBamHHM a6aToM BeHe,n;HKTHHChKoro MOHaCTMp.H B KJiroHi, .n;e :r.u;e.n;pMM KH.H3eM BiJihreJihMOM 3 AKBiTaHil 6yB 3acHoBaHHH HOBHH MOHaCTMp, :r.u;o .n;oTpMMyBaBc.H nepBicHoro ycTaBy cB. BeHe.l(HKTa :H: MaB cJiaBy .n;o6poro MOHaiiioro .n;oMy. BaraTo qacy npoBiB O.n;iJioH B noBamHi:H: p03MOBi 3i CB. a6aTOM llpO npaBHJia H )KHTT.H B lCJIIOHiD;hKiH 06HTeJii. IliCJI.H TOrO :r.u;e piK llpOMHHyB, ,l(OKH cepn;e MOJIO,l(OPO rpacpa, I.IJ;O TymH~ 3a JII060B'IO, CJiaBOlO H :r.u;acT.HM, 3HaHIIIJIO 1x 3a MOHaCTMpchK6'IO cpipToro, B .n;ocKoHaJii:H: nocB.HTi Bory i lloro cnpaBi. Ta KOJIH O.n;iJIOH Bme BMpiiiiHB CJIYjf{HTH rocno.n;eBi B MOHaCTHpi, TO CTapaBC.H BHKOHaTH CBO€ 3060B'.H3aHH.H BCiMa cHJiaMH .n;yxy :H: TiJia. I po6HB u;e TaK .n;o6pe, :r.u;o HeB.l(OB3i nicJI.H BcTyny .n;o MOHaCTMp.H cB. Ma:H:oJia npM3HaqHB :H:oro CB01M OC06HCTHM ITOMiqHHKOM, a 994 poKy 177 MOHaXiB O,l(HOPOJIOCHO BH6paJIH :H:oro HacTynHHKOM CB. Ma:H:oJIH i Bi.n;.n;aJIH :H:oMy KepMo 06HTeJii B lCJIIOHi TaB 37 6paTHiX MOHaCTMp.HX. MaB BiH TO.l(i 32 pOKH, He3a,l(OBrO ,1:(0 TOrO 6yB BHCB.HqeHHH Ha CB.HI.IJ;eHHKa H 6yB YChOrO KiJihKa poKiB MOHaXOM • .ffK IIOBHOBJia,l(HHH a6aT B3.HBC.H CB. O.n;iJIOH ,1:(0 npan;i Ha,l( MaTepiaJihHHM 3a6e3neqeHH.HM CB01X MOHaCTMpiB, a :r.u;e 6iJihiiie ,1:(0 Bi,l(HOBH B HHX .liYXY CB01X BeJIHKHX i CB.HTHX nonepe.n;HHKiB. HacaMnepe.n; piiiiyqe :H: 6e360.H3HO o6opoH.HB MOHaCTMpChKe ,l(06po, I.IJ;O 3 BOJii 3aCHOBHHKa 6yJIO BJiaCHiCTIO AnocTOJihChK01 CTOJIHD;i i cJiymHJIO .l(JI.H yTpMMaHH.H 6paTiBMOHaxiB i npomHTKY B6orHx. T.HmKa 6yJia Ta 6opoTb6a 3 3a~aHHHMH :H: HeqecHHMH cyci.n;aMH, aJie cB. O.n;iJioH He 3JI.HKaBc.H. Be3 o36poeHH.H, 6e3 oxopoHH, TiJihKH 3! CB01M cJiyiiiHHM npaBOM i MoryTHiM CJIOBOM HIIIOB Ha .n;yxoBHi i cBiTChKi cy.n;H, .n;oBO.l(HB cBoe npaBo, norpomyBaB BomHM cy.n;oM i 6e3 KanJii KpoBi BMrpaBaB cnpaBy! Ti, :r.u;o MaJIH 36poro :H: BJia.n;y, MyciJIH

..

34

1

Ci'-IH5l

yCTYITHTH H Ha,n;aJii JiiiTille rnaHyBaTH qy,my BJiaCHiCTh, a MOHaXH, MaiOYJ:H BITeBHeHiCTh y I.IJ;O,ll;eHHOMY ITpO.iRHTKy, MOI'JIH CITOKiHHO 6oroMiJihHO .iRHTH. me 6iJihllie yBarH npHCBHYiyBaB CB. O,n;iJIOH o6HOBi ,n;yxy ITO'-' CBOlX MOHaCTHpHX. MoJIHTBa, BITOKOpeHHH, npau;H, 6orocJiy.m6a, u;epKOBHe npaBHJIO, a I'OJIOBHO ITOCJIYX CTaJIH npe,n;MeTOM oco6JIHBo'i yBarn M: aanona,n;JIHBOCTi cB. a6aTa. IJ;e He cno,n;o6aJiocH ,n;eHKHM MOHaXaM, i BOHH ITOYJ:aJIH BHCTyiTaTH ITpOTH CB. O,n;iJIOHa. Ta u;e He ,n;onoMorJio 1M: O,n;iJioH BHHHHX KapaB, HenonpaBHHx BHI'aHHB 3 MOHaCTHpH i, He3Ba.iRaiOYJ:H Ha nepeiTOHH H BeJIHKi Tpy,n;HOI.IJ;i, ni,n;HiC CBOE: 3I'pOMa,n;.meHHH Ha BHCOKHH CTyniHh MOHarno1 ,ll;OCKOHaJIOCTi. EHepi'iHHHH i HeiTOCTYITJIHBHH y KOHeYJ:HHX peYJ:aX, 3 MOHaxaMH, riCThMH H y6orHMH 6YB TaKHH Jiari,n;HHH i ,n;o6pocep,n;eYIHHH, m;o cTapi YieHu;i po6HJIH M:oMy HaBiTh ,n;oKopn 3a u;e. Ta BiH 3aCITOKOIOBaB 1X CJIOBaMH BeJIHKOI'O p03YMY H ,n;o6pOTH: ".fl 6a.maro 6yTH CKOpirne JiaCKaBO cy,n;.meHHH 3a CBOIO JiaCKaBiCTh, Hi.iR cyBOpO cy,n;.meHHH 3a CBOIO CYBOpiCTh".

Ta ,n;o6poTa KJIIOHiiJ;hKoro a6aTa cTaJia TaKoro roJiocHoiO, m;o ,ll;O MOHaCTHpChKOl cpipTH ITOYJ:aJIH 3'1.m,n;.maTHCh E:ITHCKOITH i npeJiaTH, KHHai i JIHIJ;api; BeJIHKi 3JIOYJ:HHIJ;i i MaJii rp~HKH; cppaHu;yaH, icnaHu;i, HiMu;i, iTaJiiHu;i H JIIO,ll;H iHIIlHX Hau;ioHaJihHOCTeH, a BiH npnM:MaB 'ix ycix, 6o BYJ:acHo ni3HaB, m;o TaKa Bo.ma BOJIH. B6orHM 6yB aa HaM:Jiinrnoro oniKyHa; KOJIH 1006 poKy HacTaB roJio,n;, O,n;iJioH HaKaaaB CTOITHTH aoJioTi nocy,n;HHH M: npnKpacn, HaBiTh npo,n;aTH 30JIOTY KOpOHy, I.IJ;O 11 no,n;apyBaB MOHaCTHpeBi CB. KHH3h reHpix, m;o6 TiJihKH Ha BHJiyYieHi rporni KYITHTH I'OJIO,ll;YIOYIHM JIIO,ll;HM XJii6a.

IlepecBi,n;YIHBIIIHCh, m;o Bor noKJia,n;ae Ha Hhoro BeJIHKe 3aB,n;aHHH o6opoHH €Bponn, O,n;iJioH npHM:MaB 6araTo KaH,n;H,n;aTiB ,n;o KJIIOHiiJ;hKOro HOBiu;iHTY, a no aaKiHYieHHi BHnpo6yBaJihHoro TepMiHy p03CHJiaB CBOIO MOJIO,n;y apMiiO ,ll;O pi3HHX Kpa1B i o6ca,n;.myBaB CB01MH peBHHMH O,ll;HO,ll;YMIJ;HMH YJ:HCJieHHi 6paTHi :'dOHaCTHpi, He3aHHHTi E:ITHCKOITChKi CTOJIHIJ;i, ,n;e cepu;H MOHaiiiOl 6paTi1 6HJIHCh 3I'i,ll;HO 3 cepu;eM i 6a.maHHHM peBHOI'O Ta CBHTOI'O a6aTa B KJiroHi. ,ll;JIH 6e33aKOHHH, Ha,n;aHHH ,n;yXOBHHX YIHHiB CBiTChKOIO BJia,ll;OIO, rpirnHoro noBo,n;meHHH ,n;yxoBHHX oci6 He 6yJio B KJIIOHi :'dicu;H. Mo.mJIHBO, ni3HirnnM: BeJIHKHH o6HOBHHK XpncToBo1 IJ;epKBH CB. Ilana rpnropiM: VII 6yB YYIHeM CB. O,n;iJIOHa. I.ll;o6 ,n;o6po aaKpinHJIOCH no Bcix MOHacTHpHx, CBHTHH 13,n;HB Bi,n; 06HTeJii ~0 o6HTeJii H CaM nepeBipHB Ha MiCIJ;HX peBHiCTh qeHIJ;iB y BHKOHaHHi MOHaiiiHX YCTaBiB Ta HOI'O BJiaCHHX HaKa3iB;

35

1

Ci"'HS'I

po6HB u;e HaBi Tb B311MKY, XO'I TaKi IIOl3~KI1 B Ti llaCH 6yJIM non' .H3aHi 3 neJIHKHMH TPY~Horn;aMH. KpiM 6paTiB-MOHaxin, ropHyJIHCh ~o Hboro 3a rrop~mo HaBiTh Ha:i:fnHrn;i ~yxonHi ft cniTChKi ~OCTORHHKH. B o~Hift xpoHiu;i 3ra~aHo rrpo en. O~iJioHa TaK: "Horo cep~e'!HO mo6HJIH cppaH·u;y3hKHil KOPOJih Po6epT, MaTH HiMeiJ;hKHX 0TTOHiB A,z:(eJiaft~a.

HiMeiJ;hKHil iMrrepaTop feHpix. HerrepeMomHi noJio~api KoHpa~ i feHpix 6yJIH 3 HHM O~HOrO cepn;.H H O~Hiel ~yiiii; Ma~.HpCbKHR KOpOJih feHpix, BOJio~ap IcrraHil CaH'!O He 3HaJIH ftoro oco6H:cTo, Ta 6yJIH 3 HHM y ~o6pHx B3aeMHHax. PHMChKi IIarrH CHJihBecTp, BeHe~HKT, InaH i KJIHMeHTift nnamaJIH ftoro aa cnoro 6paTa. t.IH: 6yn naaraJii XTOCh, rn;o He 6yn 611 rop~Hft MaTH ftoro 3a cnoro ~opa~HH:Ka ft rrpH.HTeJI.H? ITaJii.H pa~iJia, KOJIH niH 6ynan TaM, a OC06.JIHBO Ila~y.H, .HKy BiH ~Bi'Ii 060pOHHB Bi~ 3HH:I.I.l;eHH.fl MelleM i norHeM. PHM, BOJio~ap aeMJii, TiiiiHBC.H TaKoMy rocTro. A, SIK MOrJio 6yTH iHaKIIIe? Koro Bor o6c11rrae JiacKaMH, Toro cniT MYCHTh rrpH:aHaTH". €rrH:cKorrcTBa B JlioHi He xoTiB O~iJioH rrpH:iiH.HTH, xo'I ftoro IIpOCHJIH KiJihKa Ilarr; Bi~MOBJI.HBCSI THM, I.I.l;O BJKe Ha~TO CTapm1: i HeMi'IHHil. Arre rroi:xaTH ~o PHMa, ~o XpHCTOBoro HaMiCHHKa, rn;o6 aanm~H ~Y_'!jl B 3Jiyu;i 3 rrpan~HBOIO XpHCTOBOIO IJ;epKBOIO ft po6H:TH BCe B ~yci IJ;epKBH, TO MaB 3aBJK~H ~OCHTb CHJIH; ~eB'.HTHR paa rro~opomynan ~o PHMa 85-JiiTHiM cTapu;eM! TaKHil 6yn nipHHH CHH XpHcTonoi: IJ;epKBH . .ffK6H 3aMiCTh JlroTepa rrpHiiiiiOB y Toft 'lac en. O~iJioH, cniT iHaKIIIe BHrJI.H~an 611 cboro~Hi. B tiacH O~iJioHa 6yJio 6araTo KpH:BaBHX Hai:a~in, 6eaKapHHX cyci~chKHX rropaxyHKiB i rpa6yHKiB. Po6HJIH u;e .HK BeJihMomi Ta lXHi HafrMaHIJ;i, TaK i IIpOCTH:Jf JIIO~. II1;o6 3apa~HTI1 JIH:XOBi, 3aBeJIH: rrepeMH:p'.H - "BomH:ft MH:p", T06TO Bi~ II'.HTHHIJ;i ~0 IIOHe~iJIKa HiXTO He CMiB po6H:TH Hi.HKOrO HaCH:JIJI.H; XTO rropyiiiHB 611 CIIOKift, He Mir y 'laC .HKOlCh He6earreKH: 3HaRTI1 rrpHTYJIOK y u;epKni. Ti JIIO~H, rn;o rnaHyBaJIH "BomH:ft MHp", MaJIH rrpano 3aXOBaTHC.fl B 'laC He6e3IIeKH ~0 u;epKBH, ~e HiXTO He CMiB 3arro~i.HTH 1M Hi.HKoro JIH:Xa. 3a CTapaHH.HM O~iJioHa ft PHrnap~a, .HKi BXO~HJIH ~0 KOMicil, 6araTO IIpOBiHu;ii1: y <l>paHIJ;il IIpHRH.HJIH IIOCTaHOBH B crrpaBi "Bomoro MHpy".

Cn. O~iJioH aanin y cnoeMy arpoMa~meHHi 3BH'Iai1: mepTnynaTn y ,)JH3Ha'!eHi ~Hi KomHoro poKy MHJIOCTHHi, MOJIHTBH ft CJiym6H Bomi aa ~yiiii ncix yMepJIHX. II;eft 3BH'!aft e Terrep y XpHcToni}r IJ;epKBi. . ,[(o Ilpe'IHCToi: ,[(inH Mapil Man en. O~iJioH neJIHKY Ha6omHiCTh, a 3 ycix TalHCTB Haft6iJihiiie 3aXOIIJilOBaBC.fl BOIIJIO'IeHH.HM Bomoro C11Ha; KOJIH MOHaxH crrinaJIH B II;epKBi cJio~~: "T11 ~JI.H

36

1 Ci'lH51

cnaciHH.H JUO,liRHR He norop,liRB ,lliBWIOID yTpo6oro", BiH y .l\YXOBHOMY aaxonJieHHi 3Henpi1:TOMJIIDBaB; TaK HOrO TiJIO cBi,lltiRJIO npo TOM map, :w;o 6yB y :i1:oro .liYIIIi ni.ll qac poaBamaHH.H Ha,ll Tiero Bomoro ,li06poToro, :w;o o6' .HBRJiach y BOnJiot.IeHfii €.liRHOPO.l\HOro C11:Ha. Horo nponoBi,lli :i1: MaJii noeMR 6yJIR npRCB.Hl.leHi rOJIOBHO TalHCTBY HaiiiOrO Bi,liKynJieHH.H a6o BeJIRtiaHHID Bomo'i MaTepi. BRaHatiaBC.H O,lliJIOH .liYXOM noKa.HHH.H :i1: BRCOKoro poa,llyMyBaHH.H Ha,ll Bom.RMR pet.IaMR. KoJIR MOJIRBC.H, no :i1:oro JIRII;i nJIRBJIR CJih03I1:.

JKRTT.H CB. a6aTa 0,lliJIOHa 6yJIO )KI1:TT.HM BI1:COKOrO 6oroMiJIJI.H, a O.l\HOt.IacHo :i1: aKTRBHo'i ,lli.HJihHOCTi. KoJIR BiH cTaB HaCTO.HTeJieM y KJiroHi, aacTaB y arpoMa,llmeHHi 37 MOHaCTRpiB, a 3aJII1:Illi1:B no C06i 65 cnpaBm.HiX qepHel.IRX ,liOMiB, nOBHI1:X MOHaXiB, nepe:i1:H.HTRX .liYXOM naTpiapxa BeHe,liRKTa :i1: cBoro CB.HToro HaCTO.HTeJI.H. llpan;.H :i1: 6opoTh6a, a .l\O Toro :w;e :i1: 5-JiiTH.H He,llyra, noBaJIRJIR CRJihHoro xpRCTR.HHChKOro ,lly6a. KoJIR nepeBip.HB MOHaCTRp B CyBiHi, ,lie 6yB rpi6 cB. Ma:i1:oJIR, npRMillJia :i1:oro ocTaHH.H ro,liRHa. Bi.llt.IYBIIIR 6JIR3hKI1:H KiHen;h, npRHH.HB Ha nocTeJii cB. llpRtiacT.H :i1: cB. Ta:i1:Hy 0JIRBonoMaaaHH.H. HacTynHoro ,liH.H cKaaaB aaHeCTR ce6e ,liO n;epKBR Ha Bi,llnpaBy I.J;epKOBHoro TI~BjfJia, a noTiM, Jiem.at.IR Ha 3eMJii, Ha MiiiiKy, nocRnaHOMY noneJIOM, ,liH.H 1 Cil.IH.H 1049 poKy, Ha 87 pon;i )KI1:TT.H H 56 pon;i HaCTO.HTeJibCTBa, Bi,ll,llaB a6aT 0,lliJioH Bory CBOID CB.HTY :i1: noBHY aacJiyr .liYIIIY, HenepeMO)KHI1:H 6open;h 3 HaCRJIJI.HM i BC.HKI1:M Ha,llymRTT.HM, BeJII1:KI1:H 06HOBHI1:K MOHalllOrO )KI1:TT.H Ha KaTOJII1:II;hKOMY 3aXO,lli.

CytiaCHRKR Ha3RBaJIR cB. 0,lliJioHa MOHaxoM-KopoJieM. BiH 6yB HRM. Hat.Ie KOPOJih, 6opoBC.H :i1: nepeMaraB BI1:1Il;I1:X i HR~Rx Bi,ll ce6e CBOlM p03YMOM i BJia,liHI1:M CJIOBOM, Heni,ll,llaTHI1:M xapaKTepoM i CB.HTOIO npaB,liOIO, rap.HtiOIO JII06oB'ro i Bomoro JiaCKOlO . .L(eHh 1 Cil.IH.H 6y,lle 3aBm,lii1: naM' .HTHI1:M i ,liOpOrRM ,liJI.H cna,liKOE:MII;iB .liYXY CB. BacRJii.H i CB. 0,lliJioHa .

• 37

2

Ci4H~

CBHTHH CHJihBECTP

•

CB. CRJibBecTp 6yB PRMCbKRM Ilarroro, 33 XpRCTOBRM HaMiCHRKOM, IIJ;O yrrpaBJI.HB IJ:epKBOIO B qacR rrpaBJiiHH.H iMrrepaTopa KoHCTaHTRHa BeJIRKoro.

Iloxo.l(RB CB.HTRH 3 PRMa. IOHaKoM qlfTaB e.l(RKTR iMrrepaTopa ABpeJiiaHa rrpo rrepecJii.l(yBaHH.H Xpl'ICTR.HH. 3rO,l(OM, yme 3piJIRM MymeM, rrepemRBaB CTpaxiTT.H ,l];iOKJieTiaHOBOl Kpl'IBaBOl p03IIpaBR 3 Xpl'ICTlf.HHaMR Ta IIpl'ICJiyXaBC.H ,1:(0 IIOBa:>KHOrO ft ypoqrrcToro crriBy rrcaJIMiB Ha rroxopoHax CB. MyqeHRKiB y pRMCbKHX KaTaKoM6ax. Pa3oM 3 yciMa BipHRMH XpRCTOBHMR J BR3HaBD;.HMR pa.l(iB BomRM Ml'IJIOCep,l(.HM, IIJ;O ftoro ITO 300-JiiTHbOMY KpRBaBOMY Bl'IIIpo6yBaHHIO ,l(aB Bor xpRCTH.HHaM qepe3 e.l(RKT KoHcTaHTHHa y 313 pon;i rrpo BiJibHe BH3HaHH.H XpHcToBo'i BipR B PRMChKift iMrrepi'i.

HacTyrrHoro poKy rricJI.H cMepTi Ilarrrr cB. MeJIKi.H.l(a cTaB CB. CrrJibBecTp roJIOBOIO XpRCTOBO'i IJ:epKBR. 3aB,l(.HKH MiJiaHCbKOMY e.n;RKTOBi XpRCTOBa IJ:epKBa 6yJia 3aXHIIJ;eHa Bi):( HeHaBrrcTi ft rrepecJii.n;yBaHH.H rroraH, O.l(epmaJia Ha3a):( cBo'i .n;oMR ft 3eMJii, a CB.HIIJ;eHRKR 6yJIR 3BiJibHeHi Bi.n; rpoMa):(.HHCbKRX T.HrapiB; Ta 'i'i CTaHOBRIIJ;e 6yJio ft .n;aJii BamKe B .n;epmaBi iMrrepaTopa KocTaHTRHa, .HKrrft, He3Bamaroqlf Ha Ti IIiJibrH, .HKi ):(aB Xpl'ICTlf.HHaM, ):(0 qacy CBOel rrepe):(CMepTHOl He):(yrrr He XOTiB OXpHCTHTl'IC.H, B6RB CBOIO miHKY <l>aBCTY H CRHa KpRcrra, pa.n;RBC.H 3 rroraHCbKHMH cpiJioco¢aMR, BBamaroqlf ce6e 3a rroraHCbKoro "HaftBrriiJ;oro apxiepe.H" i HaKa3yJOqlf 3a3HaqaTR n;e B HaiiRCaX i Ha rpoUiaX, Ta 6yB yBeCb qac XOJIO):(Hl'IM IIOJiiTHKOM, IIJ;O BMiB II08):(HaTH IIOKJiiH XpRCTOBi 3 BeJirrqaHH.HM rre~bKoro 6ora coHn;.H. Xoqa KoHcTaHTRH HaKa3aB BRXOByBaTR CBOlX CRHiB y Xpl'ICTlf.HHCbKiH Bipi, ):(06pe CTaBHBC.H ):(0 CBOel MaTepi CB. OJieHR i 36y.n;yBaB KiJibKa xpRCTRHHCbKRX n;epKOB, rrpoTe Bee :>KRTT.H yTprrMyBaBc.H Bi.n; rrpHJIIO.l(Horo BR3HaHH.H XpHCTOBOl BipR i am Ha CMepTHiH IIOCTeJii ftoro OXpl'ICTl'IB

38

2

Ci4Hfl

apiaHCbKHH epeTHII,bKHH €llllCKOll €BceBiH, I.IJ;O He npll3HaBaB XpncTa aa Bora. KciHcTaHTHH BBamaB, I.IJ;O cs. l.(epKBa noBHHHa cJiymnTn noJiiTHII,i B cnpaBi yKpirrJieHHR H:oro u.apcTBa. BBamaB ce6e aaraJihHHM €IIHCKOIIOM ycix XpllCTHJ!H i TaK IIi,D;IIHCyBl{B ce6e B JlllCTaX, BTpy"'IaBCJ! B yrrpaBJiiHHJ! l.(epKBll i CKJIHKaB 300pl1 .n;JIR rroJia.n;HaHHR uepKOBHHX crrpaB. TnM BiH aaKJI~aB ueaaporranicTH"'IHi OCHOBH ,D;JIR ".n;pyroro PnMy", I.IJ;O MaB BHpocTH orricm:r y BiaaHTi'i i1: BHCTYIIHTH rrpoTH "cTaporo PwMy" .

CyrrpoTH TaKoro iMrrepaTopa-caMo.n;epmii,R CTORB 20 JiiT PnMChKHH errncKorr CnJihBecTp. Xo"'l BiH He Teprris KpHBasoro rrepecJii.n;yBaHHR, TO H:oro cTaHOBHI.IJ;e 6yJio Tpy.n;He. BiH MaB Hea6HJIKHH poayM H CHJIY .n;yxy, KOJIH B TaKHX YMOBaX a6epir He3aJiemHicTh cB. UepKBH. KpiM iMrrepaTopcbKoi: CBaBoJii, HerroKo'iJin cB . CnJihBecTpa epeci, I.IJ;O po36HBaJIH II,epKOBHY €,D;HiCTb 3Cepe,D;HHH, a CaMe : cxH3Ma MeJieTiR B €rwrrTi, aaKOJIOT .n;oHaTHCTiB y rriBHi"'IHiH: A<flpnii,i, apiaHi3M y ManiH: A3ii:, I.IJ;O CHJihHO B.n;ap.HJIH B IleTpoBy CKeJIIO. ,[(JIJ! IIOJia,D;HaHHJ! CIIpaBH ,LIOHaTHCTiB, I.IJ;O BHCTyiiaJIH rrpoTn CBJI"'IeHh errncKorra KnKHJiiRHa 3 KapTareHH, si.n;6yBcJI 3a HaKa3oM iMrrepaTopa KoHcTaHTHHa CwHo.n; B ApJic; CHJihBeCTP IIOCJiaB TY,D;ll CBOlX rrpe,D;CTaBHHKiB . 3i6paHi Ha ctfHO,D;i €IIHCKOIIH IIOCJiaJIH ,LIO CB. CHJibBeCTpa JlllCTa-IIO,LIRKY 3a Te, I.IJ;O BiH IIOCJiaB Ha CnHo.n; cso'ix 3acTyiiHHKiB, a caM aaJIHIIIHBCR B PnMi, ".n;e aiiOCTOJill Bi.n;6yBalOTb I.IJ;O,LIHJ! cy.n;". Y 325 poii,i Bi.n;6yBCJ! B MiCTi HiKe'i (MaJia A3iR) I BceJieHChKHH Co6op XpncToBo'i IJ;epKBH. Ilany penpeaeHTyBaJIH Ha HhOMY .n;sa 3acTynHHKH BiT i BiHKeHTifr. Co6opoM KepyBaB ro3ifr, €IIHCKOII Kop.n;OBH. B HiKe'i OTII,i Co6opy ocy.n;wJIH ApiR Ta H:oro epecb, CKJiaBIIIH CJiaBHHH "CwMfloJI sipw". IIpe.n;cTaBHHKH cs. CHJibBecTpa 6yJin TaKom Ha CwHo.n;i B OJieKcaH.n;pi'i, .n;e poarJIR,D;aJiocb nnTaHHR rrpo apiaHChKY epech.

3 oco6oro CB. CnJihBecTpa, rrepiiiHM IlarroiO, 3a JIKoro XpHCTHJ!HCTBO BTiiiiaJIOCb BOJielO, IIOB 'JI3aHi IIpOrOJIOIIIeHHJ! JIJITepaHChKoi: 6aanJiiKH cB. IBaHa KaTe.n;paJibHOIO uepKBOIO PwMa; piiiieHHJ!, I.IJ;O CB. MllpO Mae llOCBJI"'IyBaTH €IIHCKOII Ta rrpo rroJIOTHRHHH: o6pyc y CJiym6i BomiH:. CB. CnJihBecTp aacHyBaB y PnMi IIIKOJIY uepKOBHHX crriBaKiB i aa H:oro rrpaBJiiHHR 36y.n;yBaJIH B PnMi KiJihKa uepKOB, a caMe: cB. IleTpa, CB. XpecTa H: cB. JlaBpeHTiR, a, Mome, H: uepKBY IlpecBRToi: Boropo.n;nui CTapoBHHHOi:.

IloMep CB. CHJibBeCTp 31 rpy,li;HJ! 335 poKy i 6yB IIOXOBaHHll y TiH II,epKBi, RKY BiH CaM 36y.n;yBaB Ha ll,BllHTapi CB. IlpHCKllJIH, rrpw caJiapiifchKOMY IIIJIRxy. B 761 poui Ilarra IlaBJIO I rrepeHic MOIII,i cB. CnJihBecTpa .n;o uepKBH cB. CnJihBecTpa, TerrepilllHhOl CBJ!THHi aHrJiiH:II,iB-KaTOJIHKiB y PHMi.

39

3

ciL.fH~

IlaM'.HTh npo en. CIVIhBecTpa, aa .HKoro XpHcT~JBa IJ,epKna BlfifiiiJia 3 KaTaKOM6, JKHBa .HK Ha 3axo,n;i, TaK i Ha XpHCTlf.HHChKOMY Cxo,n;i.

3

Ci'IHSI

CB.HTMH MAJIAXI.H l.II;aCJIHBi Ti JllO,ll;lf, ~0 JKlfBYTh y HonoMy 3anoniTi, MaiO CB.HTHH IIpHKJia,n; i HayKy CaMOrO Bomoro CHHa, Icyca XpHcTa, i CB. arrOCTOJiiB, 3Hal0'-llf, B IIJ;O Tpe6a BipHTlf Ta .HK JKHTlf. Ta i! y cTapoMy aanoniTi He aaJIHIIIaB MHJiocep,n;HHH Bor .'lro,n;e:i1: 6ea cniTJia npan,n;H. BiH pa3 y pa3 ITOClfJiaB lM IT060JKHHX Mymin i npopoKiB, ru;o HIIIJIH Mi)f< JIIO,n;e:i1:, npononi,n;ynaJIH 'iM npan,n;y npo Hhoro, HanqaJIH peJiiriHHOrO .rKHTT.H, a 30KpeMa ni,n;TpHMyBaJIH B Hapo,n;i Bipy B npHxi,n; o6in;.HHoro MecilCnacHTeJI.H, '-IHM ,n;onoMaraJIH JIIO,ll;.HM cnoBH.HTH Bomy nomo Ta npHJiy'-laJIH i:x ,n;o ni'-!Horo cnaciHH.H. OcTaHHiM 3 CTapo3aniTHnx npopoKin 6yn en. MaJiaxi.H. :t!oro iM' .H 03Haqae: BomHH aHreJI, nicTyH. Hapo,n;HBC.H niH nicJin: ITOBepHeHH.H iapalJihT.HH 3 BaBHJIOHChKOl HeBOJii. JI{HB CB. MaJiaxi.H n TOM qac, KOJIH c.TiaBHHH iapa'iJihChi<HI1: naTpioT HeeMi.H, ni,n;'-laiiiHH u;ap.H ApTaKcepKca, nepHync.H 3 HeBoJii ,n;o €pycaJIHMa Ta Ha,ll;3BH'-IaHHHMlf 3YCHJIJI.HMH Bi,n;6y,n;ynaB MYPH pi,n;HOl CTOJIHIJ;i. "l.Jepe3 CB. MaJiaXiiO nporOJIOClfB rocno,n;h Bor CBOE: npopo'-le cJiono ,n;o l3pa'iJI.H n 4 rJianax.

Y 1 rJiani Bor cKapmHThC.H qepe3 en. MarraxiJO Ha iapai:JihChKHH Hapo,n;, .HKHH ne mo6HTh i He IIIaHye cnoro He6ecnoro 0Tn;.H. "CnH IIIaHye 6aThKa, a pa6 cnoro naHa; KO.TIH m .H 6aTI>Ko, To·~e JK Ta ITO'-IeCTh, ID;O MeHi Ha.JieJKHTh? I KOJilf .H rraH, ,n;e JK Ta nonara ,n;o MeHe?" ,lJ;aJii maJiiE:ThC.H Ha c_n.Hru;eHnKiB, ru;o MaJionamaTh npHrrHcaMH 3aKoHy i npHHOC.HTh Bory Heni,n;noni,n;Hi mepTBlf. ''ronopHTh rocno,n;h CanaoT ,n;o nac, CB.HU~eHHKlf, ru;o

40

3

Ci'lHfl

3HeBamaeTe MOE: iM' .H ... Ocb BH npHHOCHTe Ha MlH mepTOBHHK XJii6 He'IHCTHH ... ,1J;yMaE:Te: CTiJI rocnop;HiH MOmHa 3HeBamaTH ...

Ou;e .il{ 6narall:Te Bora, rn;o6 Bac noMHJiyBaB, 6o KOJIH TaKe 6~,n;e BHXO,ll;HTH 3 BalliHX pyK, TO 'Ill MOme BiH BaC JiaCKaBO npHHMaTlf?- roBOpHTb rocnop;b CHJI He6eCHHX. KoJIH 6 TO Bme KOTPHHCb i3 BaC 3a'IHHHB p;Bepi, rn;o6 BaM Ha MOE:My mepTOBHHKY He ITaJIHTlf Bormo MapHo. He ,n;o Bno,n;o6H BH MeHi cTaJIH, - roBopHTb rocnop;b CHJI' - i HeMHJii MeHi npHHOCH 3 BalliHX pyK". To My Bar Bi,n;KHHe i:xHi mepTBH, a HaToMiCTb ycTaHOBHTb iHllly, 6e3KpOBHY mepTBY HoBoro 3anoBiTy. "Bi,n; cxo,n;y ,n;o 3axo,n;y coHIJ;.H 6yp;e MOE: iM' .H BeJIII'laTHC.H Mim Hapop;aMH, i BCIO,ll;lf IIpHHOClfTHMYTb MOE:MY iMeHi Ka,ll;IIJIO H mepTBY 'IIICTy; BeJIIIKe MOE: iM'.H IIOMim Hapo,n;aMII, - roBOpiiTb rocno,n;b CaBaoT".

IliCJI.H npopoKyBaHH.H HOB03aBiTHOl E:BXapiiCTiHHOl mepTBII BIICTynae cB. Manaxi.H B 2 rJiaBi npoTn o,n;pymeHH.H iy,n;ei:B 3 rroraHaMII Ta ITpOTII nop;pymHiX p03Jiy'leHb. "BipOJIOMHiCTb 'IHHIITb IO,n;a, rn,n;oTa ,n;iE:TbC.H B 13pa1ni ft €pycannMi; 6o 3HeBamnB IO,n;a, rn;o B rocno,n;a 6yno CB.HTe Ta rn;o BiH IIOJII06IIB, B3.HBlliii 3a miHKY co6i ,n;o'IKY qymoro 6ora ... Bn TIIM onpaB,n;oByE:Tec.H, roBOPHTb rocno,n;b Bar I3palJI.H: HK 3HeHaBII,ll;IJlll 11, p03JIY'IIIC.H; Hi, KpHB,ll;a IIOKpii€ TaKara, .HK O,ll;.Hr, - rOBOpiiTb rociTO)J;b CIIJI. ToMy 6epemiTh cBoe cepu;e ft He noMiTh Bipn".

Y 3 rJiaBi npopoK Manaxi.H npopiK npnxi,n; Mecii:-XpncTa, Ilpe,n;Te'leiO .HKoro 6y,n;e CB. HoaH; a noTiM 3ra,n;ye cTpalliHIIH cy,n;. "Ocb .H nocnnaro cBoro riHIJ;.H, a BiH npHroTye ,n;opory nepe,n;i MHOIO, i rocnop;b, IIJ;O BII HOrO lllyKaE:Te, npnftp;e HeraHHO y XpaM cBill:. AHren coro3y, rn;o ftoro 6amaeTe, - och BiH i,n;e, - roBopnTb rocno,n;b CaBaOT ... XTo m BHTPIIMaE: ,n;eHb H:oro npnxo,n;y i XTO BCTOlTb, .HK BiH 3'.HBIITbC.H? Bo BiH HeMOB BOrOHb JIHBapHIIH i .HK Te 3iJIJIH O'IIIIIJ;YIO'le .. " Onncye CB. npopoK ,n;eHb Bomoro cy,n;y B 4 rnaBi. "To,n;i Bci rop,n;i H: 6e36omHi 6y,n;yTh HeHa'le conoMa, ft cnaJIIITb i:x Toll: ,n;eHb, rn;o npnft,n;e, i He 3aJIIIlliHTb 3 HIIX Hi KopiHH.H, Hi raJiy3KII. A ,n;n.H Bac, rn;o 6o1Tecb Mora iMeHi, 3ill:,n;e coHu;e npaB,n;n i 6y,n;e B H:oro npoMiHHi cnaciHHH. Ocb H nolliJIIO BaM npopoKa Innro nepe,n; rrpnxo,n;oM ,ll;H.H rocnop;HbOro, )J;HH BeJIHKOro i CTpalliHOro. I ..

HaBepHe BiH cepn;.H 6aTbKiB ,n;o ,n;iTeft i cepu;.H ,n;iTeft ,n;o 6aThKiB, rn;o6 .H, ITpiiHlliOBllllf, He IIOKapaB 3eMJii ITpOKJI.HTTHM".

Ilpopon;TBa CB. Manaxil Ha,n;3BII'lall:Ho Bammmi :H: 3po3yMini.

Ix nporonocnB CB. npopoK 3a 400 niT ,n;o npnxo,n;y Icyca XpncTa. ByJIH BOHlf"Ha'le OCTaHHiM Harap;yBaHH.HM, IIJ;O He3a6apoM npnft,n;e o6in;.HHII:ll: Meci.H-CnacnTeJib i Bi,n;Kpne nro,n;.HM pa:H:.

41

3

CiYHfl

CBHTHH rOP,ll;IH

"'

•

BennKy enny Mae XpneToBa Bipa. XTo rroBipnB y Bee Te, ~o o6'.HBHB Bor, TOM 3a Bomy rrpaB.n;y rOTOBHM Bi.n;.n;aTH HaBiTh eBoe mHTT.H. I 6araTo 6yno B XpneTOBiii: IJ;epKBi TaKHX JIIO,ZJ;eM, ~0 lM eB. Bipa ,ZJ;aJia eHJIY BHTeprri TH eTpaiiiHi MYKH :H rrpoJIHTH 3a Bomy errpaBy eBOlO KpOB. ,ll;o TaKHX eB. MyqeHI1KiB HaJieiKHTh i eB. rop.n;iii:. ByB u;e xopo6pHM BO.HK, eOTHHK pHMehKOrO BiMehKa, pO,ZJ;OM 3 Karrrra.n;oKiilehKO'i Keeapi'i, MHTpOIIOJIHqo'i eTOJIHIJ;i eB. BaeH:Jii.H BeJIH:Koro. BipHo enyiKHB BiH eBOE:MY 3eMHOMY iMrrepaTOpOBi, Ta ~e BipHiiiie eBOE:MY He6eeHOMY IJ;apeBiXpHeTOBi. PnMehKHM iMrrepaTopoM 6yB TO,ZJ;i mopeTOKHH ,[(ioKJieTiaH, ~o xoTiB 3HU~HTH Bomy IJ;epKBy. Bin 3a6opoHHB rri.n; KapOIO eMepTi IIOKJIOH.HTHe.H XpneTOBi; HaKa3aB eTaBHTH KaMiHHi M .n;epeB '.HHi i,ZJ;OJIH, ~0 lX JllO,ll;H MaJIU BeJiuqaTU 3a 6oriB i Bi.n;.n;aBaTH 1M Bomy qeeTh. Y ee MieTo eTpnBomnnoe.H :H HaJI.HKaJIOe.H Tiel HOBHHH. IloqaJIHe.H Harra.n;H Ha Xpl:leTI:I.HHehKi ,ll;OMH, 3a6npaJIH MaMHO B HeBI:IHHHX JIIO,ZJ;eM, 3HeBamaJII:I ~IOJIOBi­ KiB, .n;iBHIJ;h i miHOK. OrryeTiJIH .n;oMn; 3aTe TIOpMH HarroBHHJIHe.H B' .H3H.HMH, a JiieH, ropH M rryeTHHi BTiKaqaMH, e,ll;HHOIO rrpoBHHOIO .HKHx 6yno Te, ~o Mann XpneTa 3a Bora. CnH Bn.n;aBaB 6aThKa, a 6aThKO po6HB ,ll;OHOeH Ha eH:Ha; 6paT 3Hy~aBe.H Ha,ZJ; 6paToM, a HeBiJihHI:IK rnyMHBe.H 3i eBoro rraHa. Be36omHi pyKH 3HeBaiKaJIH ,ll;OMH MOJII:ITBH, IIJIIOH,ZJ;pyBaJIH eB.HTi BiBTapi, po3raH.HJIH eB.H~eHHKiB. JKepTBa He rrpnHoennae.H, Cnym6i Bomiii: He 6yno Mieu;.H. Bee 6yno rroKpHTe eMyTKOM, TiJihKH ,ll;H.HBOJIH pa.n;iJIH. KoJIH eOTHHK rop.n;i:H Ha,ZJ;HBHBe.H .n;dBOJii Ha TaKe rope ii: 3Hy~aHH.H, BiH IIOKHHYB BiMehKOBHM eTaH i IIiiiiOB .n;o6poBiJihHO Ha 3aeJiaHH.H. 3aJIHIIIHB IIpH.HTeJiiB i 3eMHi IIpHeMHOeTi, 60 6amaB

42

3

Ci4HSI

pa,n;llle MelliKaT:H 3 ,ll;li~OIO 3Bip:HHOIO, Hi:>K 3 TIOI'aHCbKliMli ip;OJiaMH if ip;ononoKJIOHHHKaMH. IlillloB y nycT:HHIO, a, oqncT:HBlll:H cBoi: o'Ii, Byxa if cep:qe Bip; rpixa, no'!aB y po3p;yMax orn.Hp;aTn BiJibHQ,.

Bora, rn;o p;aB poaKa.HHOMY coTH:HKOBi niaHaHH.H BeJinKnx Tai:HCTB. KoJin apoayMiB MapHOTY JIIO,ll;ChKoro mnTT.H, Top;i nocToM, 'IyBaHH.HM i MOJIHTBOIO npnroTyBaBc.H .HK p;o6pHM XpncTOBHM 6opeu;b Ha BeJinKnif, CB.HT:HM 6i:H, rn;o '!eKaB iforo B Hep;aJieKOMY Maif6yTHbOMY. 3a BomnM Hap;xHeHH.HM 3a,zJ;yMaB BiH repo:Hci.Ko B:HcTynnTn y p;Hi noraHCbKo1 ypoqncTocTi Ha '!eCTb 6omKa BiMHn Mapca.

Taro p;H.H ai6paBc.H B :qnpKy Hapo.n;: noraHn, iyp;e'i, HaBiTh xpncT:H.HH:H cna6Ko'i Bipn, rn;o6 nop;nB:HT:HC.H Ha irpnrn;a. KonH yci 3 :qiKaBiCTIO CTIOCTepii'aJili 3a BrrpaBHiCTIO Hal3H:HKiB, Ha apeHy BliMlliOB npaBe,ll;HliM ropp;iif, CMiJI:HB:HM, .HK JieB y nyCTHHi, CTaB cepep; noraHCbKOrO 36opy i Kp:HKHYB I'OJIOCHO: ".fl p;aB np:HCTYIT:HT:H ,!1;0 MeHe T:HM, lll;O npo MeHe He ITHTaJili.

MeHe aHaMlliJI:H Ti, rn;o MeHe He lllyKaJin" (lc 65: 1 ), aaaHa'!aiO'!:H THMH CJIOBaMH, lll;O TipliMlliOB CIO,ll;li p;o6poBiJibHO, TaK, .HK XpncToc yHo'Ii nepep; CBO'iMn MyKaMH. CBOlMli CJIOBaM:H 3BepHyB ropp;iif Ha ce6e yBai'y_.BCboro a6opy' a op;Ho'!acHo if HaJI.HKaB iforo CBOIM B:HI'JI.H,ll;OM,oo, npo6yBIII:H ,ll;OBr:HM qac y ITYCTHHi, 6yB 3apOCJI:HM, MaB p03'IiXpaHe BOJIOCC.fl, TIOlllapnaHy, MaH:>Ke 30rH:HJiy op;emy, BliCOXJie, Mi3epHe TiJIO i nip;nHpaBC.fl TiaJIH:qeiO. Bni3HaBlllli COTH:HKa ropp;i.H, 3aKpnqaJIH xpHCTH.HH:H if noraHH: op;Hi 3 pap;ocTi, rn;o TaKara Bip;Ba:>KHoro MaiOTb 6paTa, a npoT:HBH:HK:H XpncTa a HeHaBncTi, p;oMaraiO'I:HCb Bip; cyp;p;i noKapaTn iforo. KonH Bp;anoc.H BTHXOMnpnTn Hapop;, npnBeJI:H ropp;i.H ,!1;0 cyp;p;i, a TOM CTaB ,ll;OTI:HTyBaTHC.H: XTO BiH i 3Bip;KiJI.H. ropp;iM p03Ka3aB cyp;p;i Bee, a TaKO:>K i Te, 'IOMY BTiK y nycTnHIO. BiH roBopHB: ".H Tenep BepHyBc.H CIO,ll;H, rn;o6 cKa3aTn T06i Bip;KpHTO, lll;O TBOl p;eKpeTH npOTli Xp:HCTa ,ll;JISI MeHe Hilll;O, .fl Bli3HaiO CBOIO Bipy B lcyca XpHCTa ep;:HHOIO MOeiO Ha,n;ieiO if o6opoHOIO. Konn .H no'IyB, rn;o B mopcToKoMy nepecJiip;yBaHHi xpncTH.HH 3aMMaelll nepllle Mic:qe, SI HaBM:HCHe 6amaB noTpannTn B TBOl pyKn".

Po3cepp;meHHM T:HM:H cnoBaMH, cyp;p;.H Kp:HKHYB CJiyraM, rn;o6 npHHeCJIH 6H'Ii, nnnKn, nani Ta npHroTyBaJIH 3Hap.H,ll;,ll;SI MyKn: BOrOHb, 3aJii30, ,ll;liK:HX 3BipiB, Ka:>Kyqli, lll;O ropp;iif 3aCJIY:>KliB He Ha O,ll;HY CMepTb. A CB. ropp;iif Bi,ll;TIOBiB HaTe: - ,Il;yme ~o6pe, 6o iHaKllle :qe 6yJio 6 yTpaTOIO ,ll;JI.H MeHe BMepTn cKopo i He aaaHaTn 3apap;n XpncTa MYK i TepniHb.

43

3

Ci'-IHfl

IlicJIR THX CJiiB CXOIIM:JIM: rroraHChKi IIpHCJiymHifKM CB. repOR :H rroTRrJIM Ha MYKH. Ta BiH rri,n;Hic O'li .n;o He6a :H ronopM:B: - rociiO,ll;b 3i MHOIO, He 3JIRKaiOCR; ID;O 3MOme JIIO,li;M:Ha 3aiiO,D;iRTH MeHi? A MY'lMTeJiiB m;e :H caM 3aoxo'lynan: - illMaTy:HTe MeHe, ci'liTh, rraJiiTh, po6iTh, m;o xo'leTe, Ta MOE:l Ha,n;il He Bi,n;6epeTe B MeHe. l{M:M 6iJihiiie MaTHMY MyK, TMM 6iJihiiiY Bi3hMY Haropo,n;y; i He ,li;O'laCHe, a Bi'lHe MaTMMY m;aCTR; u;i paHH 6y,n;yTh y ,D;Hi BOCKpeciHHR MOE:IO BeJIMKOIO rrpMKpaCOIO, a 3a u;ro ,n;o'lacHy 3Henary o.n;epmy B Haropo.n;y Bi'IHY cJiany.

Ilo6a'IHBIIIH TaKy repOMCbKY MymHiCTb CB. rop,n;iR, CTaB Cy,ZJ;,D;R-MY1:JM:TeJib HaMOBJIRTII MOrO 3aMaJ:IJIMBIIMU o6iiJ;RHKaMM ,ZJ;O Bi,ZJ;CTYIICTBa Bi,n; XpMCTOBOl BipM. Ta rop.n;i:H CMiRBCR 3 Toro, Ka$Y'IM: - .HK TM MOmeiii IIpM:piBHIOBaTM ID;OCb ,ll;O'laCHe ,ZJ;O He6eCHMX 6araTCTB? He MaiO'll:l HaMMeHIIIOl Ha.n;il, m;o6 CB. rop.n;iR MOmHa 6yJio 3aJIRKaTH, 3JiaMaTM 'll:l BMOBMTM, p03JIIO'leHMM CY,ZJ;,ZJ;R HaKa3aB ni.n;py6aTM :i1:oMy roJiony.

KoJIM BeJIM CB. rop,n;iR Ha MYKM, yce MiCTO HIIIJIO 3a HMM. A pO,ZJ;M'li o6iMM~)!M HOrO, IIJiaKaJIM H BMOBJIRJIM BpRTyBaTM CBO€ mMTTR XHTpicTro, m;o6 ycTaMM ni.n;piKCR XpMcTa, a B cepu;i .n;aJii BipMB y Hboro. Ta rop.n;i:H Bi,ZJ;IIOBiB 1M: - He Ha.n;i MHOIO rrJia'lTe, a Ha.n; co6oro :H Ha,n; THMM, m;o 3apo6JIRIOTh co6i Bi'IHMM, rreKeJibHMH noroHb • .H 3a XpMCTa 6amaro He O,ZJ;Hiel CMepTi, a TMCR'li . .HK MOme Bi.n;peKTMCR R3HK Toro, xTo CTBOpMB :Horo? Cepu;eM BipyeTbCR Ha orrpan.n;aHHR, a ycTaMH BM3HaE:TbCR Ha crraciHHR (PM 10:10). l{J:I BORKH MaiOTb 6yTlf ripiiii? .H rrpnra.n;yiO co6i Toro, m;o rri.n; xpecTOM ynipMB y XpMcTa i cKa3aB: "Crrpan.n;i TO 6yn BomM:i1: CnH", iHIIIMM rronipnn o.n;HoMy CJIOBY XpncTa :H o.n;epman rroxnaJiy 3a cnoro nipy; a m;e iHIIIlfH COTHMK 3a CBOl MOJIMTBM M Ml:IJIOCTMHi rro6a<rHB aureJia M IIO'lyB HayKy CB. IleTpa; R lXHiM Y1:JeHb i XO'IY 6yTM lXHiM HaCJii,n;yBa'leM. He o6MaHIO:i1:Te ce6e: namKo o6MaHyTM rocrro.n;a Bora, ru;o cy.n;MTh Hac i3 HaiiiMX cJiiB. A 'IYJIH BM rrpo BomM:H cy.n;? XTo 3pe'leThCR XpMCTa rrepe.n; JIIO,ll;hMM, 3pe'leTbCR Toro :H BiH rrepe.n; 0Tu;eM cnoi:M He6ecHMM (MT 10:33). BM MeHi pa.n;MTe ni.n;peKTMCh Bora, m;o6 !JPO.D;OB)Kl:ITM co6i u;e Hym.n;eHHe )KJ:ITTR, a KYIIMTM co6i Bi'IHY rrorM6eJih? A R pa.n;my BaM: cTi:HTe B rrpan.n;i, rrporroni,n;y:HTe rrpo Haiiioro rocrro.n;a Icyca XpMCTa, m;o € B CJiaBi 0Tu;R. Xo'l-HeXO'l, a BCe O,ll;HO IIOMpeTe, TO Kpam;e Te, ID;O Mae 6yTH 3 rrpHMycy, rrpl:IMHRTM Terrep .n;o6poniJihHO i o.n;epmaTM 3apa3 ni.n; Bora 6e3KOHe'lHY 3arrJiaTy. Komi 6 HaBiTh 3eMHe .n;o6po ,,6yJio Bi'lHe,

44

4

CiYH5l

He BapT BOHO He6eCHOI'O; KO.JIM .iK BOHO ,l(O"tJaCHe, CKOpOMMHyr.qe, TO TpaTMTM "tJepe3 Hboro Bi"tJHe, - liM He ,n;ypHOTa? IliC.JI.H TMX C.JiiB nepexpeCTMBC.H i 3 BeCe.JIMM .JIMI.J;eM OXO"tJe ~ ITOK.JiaB CBOlO IIIMIO ni,n; COKMpy, Halle 6 ,n;aBaB ii He KaTaM, a aHre.JiaM, r.qo6 3aHec.Jin 11 .n;o BMCOKoro He6a.

TaK 304 poKy 3aKiH"tJHB cBoe .iKMTT.H Be.JinKui1: xpncTM.HHCbKMH repoi1: i My"tJeHMK, COTHMK fop,n;ii1:. lloro naM'.HTi He 3B'.H.JIMTb CTapiCTh, He 3HMI.qaTh Hi.HKi BiHHM. ,[(OKM 6y,n;e BeCeJIMTM HaC .HCHiCTb COHI.J;.H, n aM' .HTh npo I.J;hOro CB.HToro 6y.n;e 3aBm,n;n .iKMBa Mi.iK HaMn. By.n;e TaR, .fiR cKa3aB Bor: "B naM'.HTh BillHY 6y.n;e rrpaBe,l(HMK".

4

ci'IH.fl

COBOP CEMII,II;EC.HTII AIIOCTOJIIB Konn Haiii BomecTBeHHMH CnacnTeJih Icyc XpwcToc xo,n;nB ITO CB.HTiH 3eM.Jii i1: HaB"tJaB HapO,I\, IIO'IaJIM ropHyTHC.H ,I\0 HhOrO no6omHi "tJOJIOBiRn Ta lOHaKn. Icyc XpncToc rrpnii:MaB 'ix, i 3rO,I\OM BOHR CTaJIM HOrO HeBi,l(CTYIIHMMM TOBapniiiaMM. ~ KpiM 12 ronoBHMX yt.IHiB, r.qo cTa.Jin cB. arrocTo.JiaMn, 6yno r.qe 6araTo iHIIIMX, r.qo rricJI.H B03HeceHH.H Icyca XpwcTa rrponoBi,n;yBaHH.HM XpncToBo'i HayKn, a "tJacTo TeprriHH.HMM i1: My"tJeHMI.J;hKOIO KpoB'IO noiiinpiOBaJIM: i1: 3aRpinniOBaJIH XpncToBy I.J;epKBy. Y CB.HTOMY IInchMi cB. eBaHre.JiicT JlyKa 3ra,n;ye 70 TaKnx Y"tJHiB. "IliCJI.H I.J;hOrO fOCIIO,l(b llpH3Ha"tJMB CiM,n;eC.HT ,l(BOX iHIIIMX i rroc.TiaB 'ix nepe.n; co6o10 B KO.iKHe MicTo i1: Micu;e, Ky,n;n caM Mal! npnii:Tn. BiH .n;o HMX npoMOBHB: "JKHnBa BeJIMKi, a po6iTHMKiB Mano. IIpociTh, OT.iKe, focno):\a .iKHMB, r.qo6 noc.'IaB po6iTHMKiB Ha CBOl .iKHMBa. I,n;iTb, OCb .H BaC IIOCHJialO, .fiR .HrH.HT Mi.iK BOBKM. He 6epiTh i3 co6mo Hi KaJIMTRM, Hi TopoR, Hi caH.n;aniB, i HiKoro B .n;opo3i He BiTaii:Te. A B ROTpni1: AiM yBiii:,n;eTe, rrepiiie cKa)ldTh: "Mnp I.J;hOMY ,n;oMoBi". I KOJUI TaM 6y.n;e cnH Mnpy, crro"tJMHe Ha HhOMy Balli Mnp; KOJIM .iK Hi, ,I\O Bac BepHeThC.H. I 30CTaBai1:Tecb y TiM ,l(OMi, l.iKTe Ta ITHHTe, I.qO B HHX e, 00 BapTHH pooiTHMK cBoe'i Haropo.n;n. He rrepexo,I\iTh i3 xaTn .n;o xaTn. A B KOTpe MiCTO BBiii:,n;eTe i npnii:MyTb Bac, 'imTe, r.qo BaM no.n;a,n;yTh. I 03,l(OpOB.JI.HHTe B HhOMY XBOpMX i Ka.iKiTh IM: "Ha6JIM3MJIOC.H ):\0 Bac I.J;apcTBO Bome". A KOJIM .iK BM BBiii:,n;eTe B .HKeCb MiCTO, i Bac He npnii:MyTh, Bnii:,n;iTh Ha ii:oro Bynnu;i i1: Ra.iKiTb: "Mn BaM o6TpyIIIyeMo i1: rrop<1x 3 Baiiioro MicTa, r.qo rrpwnnn .n;o HaiiiHX Hir, TiJihKM 3Hai1:Te, r.qo 6JIM3hKO I.J;apcTBO Bome". Kamy BaM, r.qo Co,n;oMoBi TOrO ,l(H.H 6y,n;e neriiie, .HK TOMY MiCTy" (JIK 10:1-12).

45

4

Ci4H51

CrrRCOK iMeH TRX CBHTRX 70 ~HiB, :w;o 'ix Ha3R:aaiOTh TaKom aiiOCTOJiaMR, CKJiaJIR IIi3Hillie Ha OCHOBi rrepe,n;aHHH. ,ZJ;o HiiX HaJiemaTh: AraB, AKiJia, AMRJiiii:, AHaHiH, AH,n;poHiK, ArreJiiii:, ArroJioc, ApRcTapx, ApRCTOByJI, ApTeMa, ApxRrr, Axa'iK, BapHaBa, rail, EBo,n;iii:, Erracppo,n;RT, ErreHeT, EpacT, EpMiH, EpM, Erracppac, 3RHa, lpo,n;ioH, Hociif, BapcaBa-IOcT, Kaprr, Kecap, KRcpa, KJieorra, KJIRMeHT, KpRcrr, KyapT, JIRH, JlyKa, JlyKiif, MapKo, IBaH-MapKo, MaTiif, HapKI.fC, HRKOHop, 0JIRMII, 0HRCRM, IIapMeH, IlaTpoB, Ilpoxop, Ily,n;, Po,n;ioH, Pycp, CRJia, CRJiyaH, CeMeH- XpRCTOBRH po,n;R'I, CocRrraTp, CocTeH, CTaxiii:, CTerraH, TepTiif, TRMOH, TRxiK, TpocpRM, YpBaH, Cl>RJIRII, Cl>IiJIOJIOr, ct>JierOHT, ct>opTyHaT, Ta,n;eif, .HKiB - rocrro,n;Hill pO,D;Ii'I, .HcoH. ,Zl;o,n;aiOTh :w;e KiH,n;paTa, MHacoHa if HaTaHa'iJia. IMeHa TRX XpRCTOBRX Y'!HiB 3Haxo,n;RMO B ,Zl;iHHHHX ArrocToJiiB i llocJiaHHHX, rOJIOBHO y CB. IlaBJia. IlaM'HTh rrpo 6araThOX 3 HRX CBHTKye XpRCTOBa IJ:epKBa oKpeMo B pi3Hi ,n;Hi IJ;epKOBHoro poKy, a B yKpa'iHChKOMy o6pH,n;i - CIIiJihHiiM co6opOM ,D;HH 4 Ci'IHH KpiM 12 arrocToJiiB i TRX 70 Y'!HiB, MaB XpRcToc, HarreBHO, :w;e 6iJihiiie HacJii,n;yBa'IiB, :w;o cJiymRJIR crrpaBi Bomoro IJ:apcTBa. IJ:e BRIIJIRBae 3i CJiiB CB. arr. IlaBJia: "Eo H BaM rrepe,n;aB Haifrrepiiie Te :w;o if caM rfPRHHHB: XpRcToc yMep 3a Haiiii rpixR 3ri,n;Ho 3 IlRCaHHHM, 6yB IIOXOBaHRH, BOCKpec TpeThOrO ,D;HH 3a IlRCaHHHM, :w;o 3' HBRBCH KRcpi, rroTiM ,n;BaHa,n;IJ;HThOM, orricJIH m 3' HBRBCH BiH 6iJihiii, HK II'HTiiCTaM 6paTaM pa30M ... IloTiM 3'HBiiBCH .flKOBy, a 3ro,n;oM yciM arrocToJiaM" (I Kp 15:3-7).

MoJIRTBi, rrpaiJ;i if mepTBi CBHTRX XpRCTOBRX y'IHiB MR 3aB,n;H'IyeMo Te, :w;o rrpaB,n;RBa XpMCTOBa Bipa ,n;iii:IIIJia if ,n;o Haiiioro Hapo,n;y. BoHR 6yJIR rrocepe,n;HRKaMR if 3B'H3KOBMMU Mim XpMCTOM i HaMM. 3ra,n;aBIIIM B,D;H'IHO IJ;MX CBOlX ,n;yXOBHMX ,n;o6pO'IMHIJ;iB, MM IIOBMHHi rrepeHHHTM lXHiH aiiOCTOJihChKiill ,n;yx i CTaTR HOBiTHiMM XpMCTOBMMM arrocToJiaMR, :w;o 3a rrpoBo,n;oM cBo'ix errMcKorriB i XpRCTOBoro HaMiCHRKa IIarrM 3MiiJ;HIOBaJIM 6 i rroiiiMpiOBaJIR rrpaB,n;RBY XpRcToBy Bipy Mim JIIO,D;hMM, HKi mMBYTh rrop~ 3 HaMM, i TaKMM 'IMHOM rrepe,n;aJIR ll TMM IIOKOJiiHHHM, IIJ;O IIpiiH,D;YTh IIiCJIH Hac.

46

4--5

Ci4HH

CB.HTIIH TEOKTIICT Ha CHIJ;HJii:ti:cbKOMY ocTpoBi, B Mic:u;eBocTi KyKyMi, He.n;aJieKQ Bi,ZJ; TerrepiiiiHhOrO IlaJiepMO, CTO.HB KOJIHCb BeJIHKHH MOHaCTHp, He6ecHHM rroKpOBHTeJieM .HKoro 6yB CB. MHKOJia. MoHaxH Taro MOHaCTHp.H .n;oTpHMyBaJIHC.H rrpaBHJI cB. BacHJii.H BeJIHKoro.

Y VIII

cTopi"ll"lli JKHB TaM rrpaBe.n;HH:ti: "liOJIOBiK, :w;o :ti:oro 3BaJIH

rrperro.n;o6HHM o. TeoKTHCTOM. BiH y.me 3aMoJio.n;y rro"llyB y cBoi::ti: .n;yiiii XpHCTOBH:ti: IIOKJIHK

.n;o

.n;ocKoHaJioro xpHCTH.HHChKOro

JKHTT.H. IIo6oJKHH:ti: IOHaK, rrocJiyxaBIIIHCh :ti:oro, BCTYIIHB

.n;o

MOHaCTHp.H B CHIJ;HJii:ti:chKOMY KyKyMi. TaM BH3Ha"llaBc.H TaKo:EO peBHiCT:EO B MOJIHTBi :ti: cyBopoMy BMepTBiHHi, a TaKOJK p03YMOM H 6paTHbOIO JII060B'l0, I.I.J;O MOHaXH BH6paJIH :ti:oro CBOlM HaCTO.HTeJieM-iryMeHOM. CBoe rrpaBe.n;He JKHTT.H 3aKiH"liHB CB. TeoKTHCT 6JIH3hKO poKy. IlaM' .HTh rrperro.n;o6Horo o.

800

TeoKTHCTa 3 .n;aBHix-.n;aBeH

BIIIaHoByBaJIH MOHaxH "liHHy CB. BacHJii.H BeJIHKoro.

5

ci'IHH

HABEqJp' .H BOrO.HBJIEHH.H""CB.HTO XpHCTOBoro Boro.HBJieHH.H IIO"liHHaE:ThC.H BJKe rrepe.n;cB.HTOM -

2

ci"liH.H

rrpe.n;rrpa3.n;eHCTBOM. IJ;epKOBHa 6orocJiy.m6a B

Ti .n;Hi 3ra.n;ye rrpo piKy Hop.n;aH, Ha.n; .HKOIO CB. HoaH XpHCTHTeJih IIpOIIOBi,ZJ;yBaB IIOKa.HHH.H, i 3aKJIHKa€ HaC CB.H"lleHOlO BO,ZJ;OlO H IIOKa.HHH.HM O"liHCTHTHC.H Bi,ZJ; rpixiB . .[I;eHb HaBe"llip' H rrepe.n; CB.HTOM Boro.HBJieHH.H rrpoBO,ZJ;H.MO 3ri,ZJ;HO 3 HaiiiHM CXi,ZJ;HHM o6p.H,ZJ;OM y CYBOpOMY IIOCTi Ta B MOJIHTBi y

:u;epKBi,

.n;e

Bi.n;rrpaBJI.HE:ThC.H

CJiy.m6a Bo.ma,

a

TaKo.m

Bi.n;6yBa€TbC.H BO,ZJ;OCB.HTT.H B IIpHTBOpi :o;epKBH, I.I.J;O Mae Hara.n;yBaTH HaM xpH:w;eHH.H cB.lloaHa XpHCTHTeJI.H Ha 3HaK rroKa.HHH.H. JIIO.n;H

.n;o

OCB.H"lleHH.H BO,ZJ;H He rrpH:ti:MaiOTh Hi.HKoi: rroJKHBH. Ha6paBIIIH

CB.H"lleHOl BO,ZJ;H Ta HaiiHBIIIHCb ll Ha60JKHO, BOHR H,ZJ;YTb ,ZJ;O,ZJ;OMy,

.n;e

BBe"llepi, .HK rrepe.n; Pi3,ZJ;BOM, ci.n;a:EOTh

.n;o

crriJihHOI ypo"liHCTOi:

Be"llepi, 3 .HKOIO IIOB'.H3aHi pi3Hi HapO,ZJ;Hi 3BH"llal H IIiCHi :w;e.n;piBKH.

III;o6 Bi.n;pi3HHTH Bi,ZJ; "CB.HT-Be"llopa" TOll Be"llip

Ha3HBaiOTb y HaC "III;e.n;pHH Be"llip" •

•

47

5

•

CiYHSI

CBHTI TEOIIEMIIT I TEOHA KoJni iMnepaTop ,I(ioKJieTiaH po3no'1aB nepecni.D;ynaHH.ff xpncTH.ffH, O.D;HieiO 3 neplllHX mepTB cTan HiKoMi.D;iMchKHH enncKon TeoneMnT. 3a caoro aipHiCTb XpHcToai nHTepniB pi3Hi MYKH, 3 .ffKHX, O,r(HaK, 3a Bomoro nacKoJO, BHHillOB aoaciM HeylllKO.D;meHHM. To.D;i noKJIHKaJIH o.n;Horo noraHCbKoro -qapiaHHKa TeoHy, ru;o Man npnroTyBaTH .n;.rm ca. TeoneMnTa CHJihHY oTpyTy. KoJIH m i BOHa He nolllKO.n;Hna aipnoMy Bo:tr<OMY cnyai, TeoHa, no6a'1HBIIIH TaKe -qy,n;o, yaipyaaa y Icyca XpncTa. IlicJI.ff Taro nme o6ox pa30M BKHHYJIH .n;o B 'JI3HHIJ;i, .n;e TeoneMnT oxpncTHB TeoHy i1: ,r(aB i'roMy xpecHe iM'.ff - CnHHeciH:. IlicJIJI pi3HlfX HOBHX T.ff.)KKHX MYK HaKa3aB My'1HTeJib Bi,r(py6aTH en. TeoneMnToni Me'1eM roJiony, a en . CnnneciH-TeoHy 3aKonaTn mHBIJ;eM y 3eMJIJO. IJo CMepTi 060X CB. MY~IeHHKiB HanepnyJIHCb I.I.(e 4 ~IOJIOBiKH 3 iMnepaTOpCbKOl CTopo.mi. lx pa30M 3 lXHiMH pop;HHaMH Ta CJiyraMH HaKa3aB ,I(iOKJieTiaH 3apy6aTH Me'1eM Ma6yTh, 284 poKy. -9

---

5 ci<rHH

CBHTA CHHKJIITHKA JKnJia B IV CTopi'1'1i y enmeTChKOMY MicTi 0Jiei<CaH,r(pi1 6araTa po,n;Ima, ru;o noxo,r(HJia 3 MaKe,n.oHil. By.11o n Tii1: ciM'i: '1eTBepo .n;iTo'1oK: ,r(Ba x.11onu;i i1: .n;Bi ,r(iB'1HHH. O,n;HH 3 xnonu;ia yMep 3aMOJio,n;y. ,I(pyrm1 ITOKHHYB CBiT i ITilllOB .)KlfTH B nyCTRHIO, 1I.(06 ,ZI,aJieKO Bi,n; CBiTOBOrO raMopy Bi,ZI,,n;aTHC.ff 6oroMiJibHOMy )KHTTIO; TaM niH HeiTOMiTHO M 3aKiH1 1HB CBOe .)KlfTT.ff. 3 ,ZI,iB'-IaT O,ll;Ha 3pO,IJ.y 6y.11a cnina; 3aTe ,upyra, ru;o aBaJiaC.ff CnHKJiiTHKa, 6yna ncieJO Ha,n;iero i1: noTixoro 6aThKiB. Kpacy JIHLI;.ff .u.aa Bor CHHKJiiTHu;i TaKy, ru;o Ha,ZI,HBHTHC.ff 6y.11o ro.u.i; a ,n;yllla B He1 6y.11a ru;e -qy,nonillla: Bomi aHreJIH MOrJIH JIJ06ynaTHC.ff HeJO. Bo He 6y.11a CHI-IKJiiTHKa 3 THX .u.in'1aT, ru;o JIJ06JI.ffTb CBiT, '10JIOBi'1e TOBapHCTBO, JIJ060I.I.(i, TaHJJ;i, 3a6aBH. 1JoHa 3 ,r(HTHHCTBa ITOJIJ06HJia '1JICTOTY M MOJIO,ll;eHbKOJO ,n;in'1HHOJO ITOCB.ffTHJia CBOe ,n;iBHLI;TBO rocno,n;eBi Bory, ru;o6 y ce .)KlfTTSI i1: HaBiKH aeceJIHTH TiJihKH cnoro ne6ecHor~ 06py'1HHKa, HoMy O,UHOMY HaJiemaTH ,n;ylllelO i TiJIOM. BaraTCTBO CHHI<JiiTHKH, 11 aeJIHKa Kpaca Ta .u.o6poTa npmwayBaJIH ,r(O ne1 o-qi i1: cepu;H 6araThOX .u.ocTOMHHX JOHaKi.B; Ta CHHKJiiTHKa 3HaJia TiJihKH o,n;He: "lcyce, .ff BC.ff TBO.ff!" Kom1: no6a'1HJia,

48

5

Ci'lH51

:ru;o XJIOIIIJ;i CTalOTh 111: IIOIIepeK ,ll;OpOrM .iKMTT.H, IIOLiaJia BTiKaTM Bi,ll; HMX, a, rrepecBi,ll;LIMBIIIMCh, :ru;o BOHa CBOrO BOpora HOCMTh B C06i

CaMiM,

IIOLiaJia IIOCTMTM

M

yMepTBJI.HTHC.H

pi3HMMM

CIIOC06aMM, :w;o6 CBOE: rapHe TiJIO IIi,ll;KOpMTM :w;e Kpa:w;oMy ,ll;YXOBi. BMnpaiOLIM, 6aThKM CnHKJiiTMKM apo6MJIM 11 E:,ll;MHOIO crra,Z~;KO-"' E:MMIJ;elO BChOrO MaMHa, :ru;o6 BOHa MOrJia OIIiKyBaTMCH CBOE:lO 6i,ll;HOIO cecTpoiO. CnHKJiiTMKa poa,Z~;aJia cBoe Maii:Ho B6ornM, a co6i 3HaMIIIJia Ha rroJii rpo6iBeiJ;h po,ll;MLiiB i

TaM

3aMeiiiKaJia ai

CB0€10 CeCTpOIO . .ffK TiJihKM rrepeceJIMJiaCH ,ll;O Tie! "rraJiaTn", Bi,Z~;pa3y aarrpocnJia TY,ll;M CB.H:ru;eHnKa i

rrpn HhOMy

Bi,ll;pi3aJia CBOE: BOJIOCC.H, :ru;o6 TMM IIOCTpMrOM CKJiaCTM o6iTHHIJ;IO, :w;o 3 IJ;iel XBMJIMHM Bi,ll;piKaE:ThCH Bi,ll; CBi TY Ta Bi,ll;HOBJIIOE: CBOIO ,ll;aBHlO IIOCBHTY rocrro,Z~;eBi Bory.

3

Toro

Liacy

MOJIMTBa

11:

yMepTBiHHH CTaJIM 11 rOJIOBHMM 3aHHTTHM. Ta TiJihKM Bor i ii:oro aHreJIM MOrJIM JII06yBaTMC.H 11 ,ll;YXOBHMMM M IIOKaHHHMMM BllpaBaMM, 6o Bi,ll; JIIO,ll;eii: CB. CnHKJiiTMKa ,ll;6aii:JIMBO XOBaJia CB01 JI060.iKHi rrpaKTMKM. Ta 3axoTiB rocrro,ll;h Bor BM.HBMTM M rrepe,ll; JilO,ll;hMM BeJIMKi LieCHOTM M CBHTiCTh LIMCT01 ,ll;iBMIJ;i, ru;o6 3a ,ll;OIIOMOrOIO Jia,ll;y

6araTO

iHIIIMX

ll

IlpMK-

IIOBeCTM

,ll;OpOrOIO E:BaHreJihChKMX LieCHOT.

CB. CI1HKJIITI1KA

KoJIM miHKM 11: ,ll;iBLiaTa ,ll;OBi,ll;aJIMCH rrpo rro6omHe .iKMTTH cB. CnHKJiiTMKM, TO rroLiaJIM rrpnxo,ll;MTM ,ll;O 11 rreLiepn aa pi3HMMM ,ll;YXOBHHMM rropa,ll;aMM.

CrroLiaTKY He cMiJia rroKipHa ,ll;iBMIJ;H

,ll;aBaTM iHIIIMM .HK01-He6y,ll;h HaYKM; Ta ,ll;06poTa 6JIM.iKHix ,ll;O,ll;aJIM

'iii:

i:l cepiJ;.H

M IIOTpe6M

Bi,ll;Barn. To,ll;i BOHa rroLiaJia roBopMTM 1M

CBHTi CJIOBa IIOBLiaHHH M IIOTiXM, a rOBOpMJia 3 TaKOIO peBHiCTIO M Cep,ll;eLIHiCTIO, 3i CJih03aMM B OLiaX Ta IIOKOpOlO B yciii: CB01M IIOCTaBi, :ru;o 3BOpyiiiyBaJia BCiX, XTO IIpMXO,ll;MB ,ll;O Hel. ".HKi :w;acJIMBi 6yJIM 6 MM, -

roBopnJia CB.HTa, -

HK6M TaK

CTapaJIMCH 3.ij06yTM co6i He6o M CIIO,ll;06aTMCH Bory, HK CBiTOBi JIIO,ll;M CTapaiOThCH ,ll;06yTM C06i 6araTCTBO M CKOpOMMHy:ru;e ,ll;06po.

49

5

CiYHSI

Ha cyrui lM He CTparuHi 3JIO,l:(il Ta poa6iMH:MR:M; Ha MOpi nit( H:MM:M poa6nBaiOThCH Kopa6Jii i1: aarpo.myiOTh 1M ycnKi He6eaneKn; BOH:M, Ti JIIO,l:(:M CBiTy, npo6yiOTh YChOrO, 3BaJKyiOThCH Ha BCe, :rn;o6 JI:Mllle a6araT:MT:MCH, a M:M, IU;O CJIYJK:MMO TaKOMy BeJI:MROMy IlaHOBi, y 3,l:(06yTTi 6e3ROHeliHOrO ,l:(06pa 60IMOCH KOJKH01 Henp:ME:MHOCTi".

IHID:MM paaoM, aacTepiraiO'IH i:x nepe.z:( He6eaneKaMn JK:MTTH, roBopnJia: "HaM Tpe6a 3aB:>I<:,l:(H llyBaT:M, 60 MH E: B IIOCTiMHiM He6eane:o;i; HR He 6y,l:(eMO II:MJihHyBaTH, BOpor CXOIIHTh HaC TO.z:(i, KOJin 6y,l:(eMo Hai1MeHme cno.z:(iBaTHCH. Kopa6eJih, :rn;o rrpo:H:moa :rn;acJIHBO IIOMi:>I<: He6earreliHi ni,l:(BO,l:(Hi CKeJii, MO:>I<:e 3aTOHYTH HaBiTh Ha CIIORiMHOMY MOpi Bit( HeCIIO,l:(iBaHOrO BiTpy, SIKIU;O KepMaHHll 6yAe Heo6epemnni1:. Boporoai Bee O,l:(Ho: 'IH BJii3TH BiKHOM, 'IH 3aX:MTaT:M OCHOBaM:M, a6H TiJihKH apyi1:HyBaTH .z:(iM! Y ll;h6MY JKHTTi MH IIJIHBeMO He3HaH:MM MOpeM; ,l:(OpOrOIO 3yTpillaE:MO cKeJii, cTpyMKn; .z:(eKOJIH MH cnoRii1Hi, iHIDHM paaoM Hac Kn,l:(ae i1: meHe 6ypn; llepea Te MH niKOJIH He e B 6earre:u;i; HK aacHeMo, TO neBHO aarnHeMO. 3a RepMO HaliJOrO KOpa6Jifl M:M IIOB:MHHi rrocTaBHT:M AOCBi.z:(lleHoro KepManHqa, caMoro lcyca XpncTa, :rn;o aaBe,l:(e Hac 6earre1IHO .z:(O rrpncTaHi namoro crraciHHH, HKID;O Mn He apyMHYE:MO ce6e CB0£10 BJiaCHOIO 6ai1:,l:(yJKiCTIO".

CB. CnHK.I!i1'nRa 'I acTo rrpaRTnKyBaJia B .mnTTi rroKopy.

"CKap6 ,l:(OT:M B 6eane:o;i, ,l:(OK:M CXOBaHni1:; Ta SIR TiJihKH MH MOrO Bi.z:(KpneMo i1: aaJIHIII:MMO na Ollax ycix, M:oro BRpa.z:(e rreprun:H: 3JIO,l:(iM; IIO,l:(i6HO M ll€CHOTa 6y,l:(e B 6earre:o;i, ,l:(ORH TpHMaTH 11 B TaE:MH:MIJ;i, Ta HR Bi.z:(KpHE:MO 11 Hep03BaJKHO M nepe,l:(llaCHO, BOHa IIi,l:(e 3 ,l:(:MMOM . •• ,[J;yrua, ID;O Ha IIO,l:(06y OpJia, IIi,l:(HOCUThCSI Bropy M rrepe6yBae Ha BHlllHHi IIOHa,l:( yciMa CROpOM:MHYIIJ;HM:M pellaMH, rrepeMarae JieBiB i aMii1". TaRHMH i1: rro.z:(i6HHMH nayKaMn aaoxoqyBaJia cB. CnHKJiiTnKa .z:(O JII06oBi, noRopn, liYMHOCTi i1: YCSIR:MX lleCHOT. CaTaHa, apoayMiBIIIH , ru;o M:oMy He aBeCTH HaHiBe:o;h Bee Te .z:(06po, ru;o MIIIJIO Bit( CnHRJiiTHKH, nollaB crroKymaTH ii MYliHTH CBSITY Bomy cJiyry TaR, SIR KOJI:MCh rrpaBe,l:(Horo lloBa . Ha 80 po:u;i JK:MTTSI 11 nyTpo rroqaJia rraJIHTH i1: B 'SIJIHTn HKach .z:(HBHa rapSiliRa; O,l:(HOt{aCHO CTaJIH IICyBaT:MCSI ll JlereHi, a rOJIOBY M IIJ;OK:M IIOllaB poa'1,l:(aT:M Bi,l:(pa3JIHBHM paR, 1Iepe3 ID;O 1M Bi.z:(HHJIO MOBy. CnHKJiiTnKa anocnJia Bci Ti cTpaiiiHi 6oJii a nei1MOBipnoro T~prreJinBiCTIO i, Bi,l:(,l:(aBIIInch na Bomy BOJIIO, 6amaJia ru;e 6iJihiiiOrO TepiiiHHH. Jle,l:(Be B,l:(aJIOCH BMOBHTH 11 ,1:(03BOJI:MTH aMnyTyBaTH 3aBMepJii llaCT:MHH TiJia. TpH OCTaHHi MiCHIJ;i BOHa He MaJia CIIOROIO, He MOrJia rOBOpUTH Ta 11 TeprreJIHBiCTh Kpa:rn;e HaBllaJia JIIO,l:(eM, Him CJIOBa.

50

6

CiYHs:l

3a Tpll ,LJ;Hi ,ll;O CMepTi BORa Bme 3Ha.Jia, lll;O 6y,n;e 3BiJihHeHa 3 B 'H3HHu;i TiJia. KoJIH nimM:uiJia ocTaHH.H ro,n;HHa po3JIYKH ,n;ymi 3 TiJioM, CB. CMHKJiiTMKY OTO"lfMJia He6ecHa .HCHiCTh, a nepe,.q 11 O"lfHMa 3 1 .HBHJiaCh tiY,ll;OBa, Ha,LJ;3eMHa, IIOTirnaiO"lfa 3'.HBa; TO,LJ;i ii: '" nepe,n;aJia BORa B pyKH BceBHIIlHhoro TBopu;.H cBoiO "lfHCTY, rapHy ,n;yrny.

CB. CHHKJiiTHKa npomHJia 84 poKH. ITo He6ecHy Haropo,n;y Bi,n;iiirnJia 400 poKy. BeJIHKe 6yJio TepniHH.H cB. CHHKJiiTHKH Ha 3eMJii; Ta He ,n;o nopiBHaHH.H 6iJihiilHM e Tenep 11 rn;acT.H B Till: He6ecHiii 6aThKiBIIl;HHi ",n;e HeMa€ Hi 60JIIO, Hi myp6H, Hi 3iTXaHH.H, TiJihKH 6e3KOHetiHe mHTT.H".

6

ci'IH.fl

BOrO.HBJIEHH.H rOCIIO,ll;A HAll OrO ICYCA XPIICT A KoJIH BomHii CHH cTaB "lfOJIOBiKoM, TO B M:oro CB.HTHX nJiaHax .HK CnacHTeJI.H cBiTy 6yJio TPHJiiTHe npHJIIO,n;He HaB"lfaHH.H JIIO,n;ell:.

B i3pa1JihT.HH HixTo He Mir 6yTH B"lfHTeJieM Hapo,n;y ,n;o 30-JiiTHhoro BiKy. Tom Icyc XpHcToc 30 poKiB cBoro m14TT.H npoBiB B YKPHTTi .HK CHH TecJii fiocmpa M: Mapi1, cnotiaTKY B 8rHnTi, onicJI.H B Ha3apeTi. Am Ha 30 pou;i IIOKHHYB XpHCTOC THXe M: HeiiOMiTHe mHTT.H Ta p03IIO"lfaB CBOIO aiiOCTOJihChKY npau;IO. III;o6 npHroTyBaTH JIIO,n;ell: ,n;o npHHH.HTT.H XpHCTOBo1 HayKH, nocJiaB Bor i3pai:JihT.HHaM CB. fioaHa XpHCTHTeJI.H, rn;o Ha,n; fiop,n;aHOM no"lfaB 3aKJIHKaTH Hapo,n; ,n;o Ka.HTT.H. HK HanHcaHo B npopoKa Icai:: "Och .H nocHJiaiO Moro nocJiaHu;H nepe,n; To6mo., .HKHH IIpllrOTye T06i ,n;opory. roJIOC BOIIiiOIIl;OrO B IIYCTHHi: npHrOTYHTe rocno,n;eBi ,n;opory, BHpiBH.HHTe CTemKH iioro" TaK BHCTYIIHB fioaH, XpllCTHBIIlll y IIYCTHHi Ta IIpOIIOBi,n;yBaBIIlll xpHrn;eHH.H noKa.HHH.H Ha nporn;eHH.H rpixiB. I BHXO,ZJ;HJia ,n;o Hhoro BC.H Kpa1Ha IO,n;eiichKa Ta Bci epycaJIHMJI.HHH, xpHCTHJIHCh Bi,n; HhOrO B piu;i fiop,n;aHi H Bll3HaBaJIH rpiXH CBOl. fioaH 6yB O,ZJ;.HrHeHHH B o,n;emy 3 Bep6JIIOmoro BOJIOCy H HOCHB peMiHHHH no.Hc Ha CBo1x 6e,n;pax, a i:B capaHy Ta ,n;HKHii Me,n;. I rrponoBi,n;yBaB, Kamy"lfH: "I,n;e CJii,ZJ;OM 3a MHOIO CHJihHiiilHH Bi,n; MeRe, rn;o HOMy .H He,LJ;OCTOHHHH, HaXHJIHBIIlllCh, p03B' .H3aTH peMiHIJ;.H HOrO caH,n;aJiiB. H Bac xpHCTHB Bo,n;oiO, a BiH xpHCTHTHMe ,IJ;yxoM CB.HTHM" (Mp 1:2-8).

CBoiO npM.liiO,n;Hy ,n;iHJihHiCTh po3no"lfaB XpHcToc y Micu;i BHCTyny cB. IIpe,n;Te"lfi Ha,n; fiop,n;aHoM Ha,n;3BH"lfaHHHM o6' .HBJieHH.HM 3 Haro,n;H npHHH.HTT.H xpHrn;eHH.H noKa.HHH.H. IIo,n;i.H

51

6

Ci4H~

6oro.HBJieHH.H Ha,n; Hop~a.HOM ~yme Bammma. B Hill aano"<~aTKYBa.B I eye CBOIO ~i.HJihHiCTh .HK CrracHTeJib cBiTy. Ilo.HBa Ha~ HHM CB.HToro ,[(yxa ll roJioc He6ecHoro 0TIJ;.H a BeJIH"<IHOIO aa.HBOIO, :r.u;o Icyc XpHcToc - u;e lloro Bom.Hll CHH, roTyBaJIH JIIO~ell ~o Toro, :r.u;o6 BOHH 6ea mo~Horo cyMHiBy rrpHllMaJIH XpHCTOBY HaYKY Ta llOro aarroBi~i, :r.u;o MaJIH Ha MeTi i:xHe cnaciHH.H. IIpo TY rro~iro CB. !BaH 3oJIOTOYCTHll TaK rOBOpHB 386 poKy B AHTioxii: y CBOlll

XPlliii;EHH.H rOCIIO)l;A HAIIIOrO ICYCA XPllCTA nponoBi~i Ha Boro.HBJieHH.H: "He TOll ~eHb, KOJIH rocrro~b po~HBC.H, Tpe6a Ha3HBaTH 6oro.HBJieHH.HM, aJie TOll, KOJIH BiH xpHCTHBC.H. Eo "<Iepea cBoe Hapo~meHH.H BiH He 6yB yciM aHaHHll, am "llepea XpH:l.IJ;eHH.H CTaB Bi~OMHll". ~ XpHCTOC rrpHlliiiOB Ha Hop~aH i rrpHllH.HB xpH:r.u;eHH.H Bi~ CB. XpHCTHTeJI.H, :r.u;o6 ~aTH llOMY Haro~y CKJiaCTH aacBi~"<IeHH.H: Icyc XpHCTOC - u;e BomHll ArHeu;h, :r.u;o Eiepe Ha ce6e rpixH cBiTy; BiH - TOll o6iu;.HHHll Meci.H-CnacHTeJib, :r.u;o npHlliiiOB

52

6

ciYHfl

CB0€10 HayKOIO ll mepTBOIO npHMM:pllTH 3eMJilO 3 He60M i 3p06HTH MOjKJIHBHM Ta Jiei'KHM cnaciHH.H KOmHOl JllO,ll;HHH • .HK npecB.HTHH Bor XpncToc He Mir Ka.HTHC.H y cBoi:x rpixax i He noTpe6yBaB XpHCTHTHC.H Xpn:rn;eHH.HM noKa.HHH.H; Ta npn:ti:Jt.HB :tioro .HK Ham CnacnTeJib, :rn;o 6yB o6T.HmeHn:ti rpixaMn BCboro JIIO,n;CTBa. 3ro,n;oM XpncToc ,n;acTh JIIO,ll;.HM npaB,n;nBe xpn:rn;eHH.H, :rn;o .HK CB. Tai:Ha 3BiJihH.HTHMe JIIO,ll;ChKi ,n;yrni Bi,n; rpixa :0: Ha,n;iJI.HTHMe i:x JiacKoro Bomoro cnHiBCTBa; Tenep ocB.Hqye TiJihKH ecTBO Bo,n;n, :rn;o e MaTepieiO cB. Xpn:rn;eHH.H. BoroHBJieHH.H :0: xpn:rn;eHH.H XpncTa Bi,n;6yJIOC.H, Ma6yTh, Mim CapTaHoiO Ta 8pnxoHoM, ,n;e KOJIHCb Icyc HaBHH nepe:tirnoB 3 i3pai:JibT.HHaMH qepe3 Hop,n;aH, .HK no cyrni, 3a ,n;onoMororo CKHHii: 3anoBiTy, :rn;o II CB.H:rn;eHHKH TpHMaJIH B pin;i ,n;oTH, ,n;oKn yBecb Hapo,n; nepe:tirnoB Ha ,n;pyrn:ti 6eper piKH. Y ,n;eHh CB.HTa Boro.HBJieHH.H Bi,n;6yBaeThC.H B Hac BeJIHKe BO,ll;OCB.HTT.H, :rn;o e naM' .HTKoro xpH:rn;eHH.H Icyca XpncTa. IIi,n; qac BO,ll;OXpH:rn;eHH.H BHKOpHCTOBYIOTb rapHO BHp06JieHy BOCKOBY Tpi:tin;IO, :rn;o Hara,n;ye o6' .HBJieHH.H IIpeCB.HToi: Tpi:tin;i Ha,n; Hop,n;aHOM ni,n; qac XpHCTOBoro xpn:rn;eHH.H. IIicJI.H Bo,n;ocB.HTT.H Ha6Hpal0Tb C06i BipHi CB.HqeHOl ":tfop,n;aHCbKOl" BO,ll;H ll TpHMaiOTb ll no XaTaX ,!1;0 HaCTynHHX CB.HT, 60 Ta BO,n;a Jte IICYE:TbC.H. l(e:tf 3Bnqa:tf c.Hrae ,n;aBHix qaciB. Bme cB. !BaH 3oJioToycTn:ti y IV CTOJiiTTi nHCaB: "XpHCTOC XpHCTHBC.H ll OCB.HTHB E:CTBO BO,ll;H, i TOMY B npa3HHK XpH:rn;eHH.H BCi, 3aqepnHyBIIIH oniBHOqi BO,ll;H, npHHOC.HTb H ,n;o,n;oMy Ta TpHMaiOTb yBech piK. l(.H Bo,n;a He ncyeTbC.H; piK, ,n;Ba ll 6iJibiiie 3aJIHIIIaE:TbC.H CBimOIO, HiqHM He riprno10, Him CBimo3aqepnHyTa".

I.IJ;o,n;o iCTOpii: CB.HTa BorO.HBJieHH.H, TO p03BHHYJIOCb BOHO Ha Cxo,n;i, i pa3oM 3 BeJIHKO,n;HeM Ta 3irnecT.HM CB.HToro ,[(yxa HaJiemaJIO ,!1;0 Ha:tf6iJibiiiHX CB.HT XpHCTH.HHCbKOl ,n;aBHHHH. KJIHMeHT OJieKcaH,n;pi:ticbKHH, .HKHH noMep ,n;o 216 poKy, 3ra,n;ye rrpo CB.HTKyBaHH.H BorO.HBJieHH.H 6 ciqH.H. Ha ,n;yMKY rpen;bKHX OTIJ;iB, Te CB.HTO, II.l;O :tforo BOHH Ha3HBaJIH ErricpaHi.H (o6'.HBJieHH.H), TeoQ;JaHi.H (6oro.HBJieHH.H) a6o qJoTa (npocBiqeHH.H), 6yJio noB'.H3aHe 3 no,n;i.HMH Ha,n; Hop,n;aHoM. CB. 8poHiM, :rn;o mnB no6JIH3Y 8pycaJIHMa, 3acBi,n;qye, :rn;o B :tioro qacn CB.HTKyBaJIH .

TaM TiJibKH O,ll;HH ,n;eHb - 6 ciqH.H, O,ll;HoqacHO Ha naM'.HTKY .HK rrpo Hapo,n;meHH.H, TaK i npo xpn:rn;eHH.H Icyca XpncTa. 3Bnqa:tf CB.HTKyBaTH XpncToBe Hapo,n;meHH.H 25 rpy,n;H.H nocTaB Ha 3axo,n;i B IV cTopiqqi, i 3 PnMy nornnpnBc.H no BChOMY xpncTH.HHCbKOMY Cxo,n;i. CB. IBaH 3oJIOTOYCTHH 3acBi,n;qye, :rn;o B AHTioxil c;.HTKyBaJIH CB.HTO XpncToBoro Hapo,n;meHH.H 25 rpy,n;H.H

53

6

CiYHH

Bme 6JIH3hKO 376 poKy. ,[I;BOMa-TpbOMa pOKaMH rrf:mirne CB.HTO 3arrpoBa,n;HJIH B I(apropo.n;i, a TaKom y Karrrra.n;oKil, .HK u;e 3ra.n;ye CB. rpnropii1: HichKHM y CBOE:MY CJIOBi Ha IIOXOpOHi 6paTa CB. BacHJii.H BeJIHKoro. 3i cBoro 6oKy 3axi.n; rro'IaB y TOMY m 'Iaci CB.HTKyBaTH 6 ci'IH.H cxi.n;He CB.HTO Boro.HBJieHH.H; o.n;HaK y JiaTHHChKOMy o6p.H,n;i 3BepTaK>Th yBary rOJIOBHO Ha 06' .HBJieHH.H XpHcTa TphOM u;ap.HM 3i Cxo.n;y, :rn;o 6yJIH To.n;i rrpe.n;cTaBHHKaMH BCiX Hapo,n;iB II03a i3paiJihT.HHaMH. CB.HTO Boro.HBJieHH.H Ha3HBaE:ThC.H TaKom ''!lpocBi'IeHH.H", 6o B HaBe'Iip '.H TOrO )J;H.H B rrepiiiHX BiKaX XpHCTH.HHCTBa, XpHCTHJIHCh "orJiaiiieHHi", T06TO Ti OC06H, IQO IIpHrOTOBJI.HJIHCh .n;o CB. Xpn:rn;eHH.H, .HKe .n;aBaJio 1M ocB.H'IYK>'IY JiacKy. I(ei1: .n;eHh Ha3HBaE:ThC.H "IlpOCBi'IeHH.HM" TOMy, IQO TOrO )J;H.H ypO'IHCTO CBHTKYE:MO rraM' .HTKY xpn:rn;eHH.H Toro, XTO, 3a BHCJIOBOM cB; MoaHa 8BaHreJiicTa, 6yB "crrpaBmHiM cBi TJIOM, :rn;o rrpOCBiTJIK>E: KOmHy JIK>)J;HHy" (Mo 1 :9). ToMy M CIIiBaE: Harna CB.

XPIICTOC Y IIYCTIIHI

54

7-8

ci'lH51

QepKBa TOrO ,[IHJI: "3'JIBRBCJI TR ChOrO,[IHi BCeJieHHlli i CBiTJIO TBOe, rociiO,[IR, orrpoMiHRJIO Hac. Ili3HaBIIlli Te6e, CIIiBaeMO: "TM IIpRI1:IllOB i IIOJIBMBCJI - CBiTJIO He,[IOCTYIIHe!" € B Hac rapHRH 3BRqa:i1:, ru;o rricJIJI BoroJIBJieHHJI CBJI:rn;eiliiK Bi.[IBi.[lye ,[IOMR Bcix cBoi:x rrapacpiJIH Ta 6JiarocJIOBRTh i:x. Qi Bi.[IBi,[IMHR ,[la:EOTh MO)KJIMBiCTh rrapoxy OC06MCTO 3YCTpiTRCh Mailme 3 yciMa CBOlMM rrapacpisiHaMii, IIOrOBOpMTR 3 HRMR rrpo lXHi pO,[IRHHi ll OC06RCTi CrrpaBM, a TaKO)K IIpO 3araJihHOIJ;epKOBHi. Mop,[laHChKi Bi.[IBi,[IRHR rrapacpisiH u;e u;iHHa Haro.z:~a ,[IJIJI KOmHoro .z:IYIIliiaCTMpJI 3p06RTR 6araTO ,[I06pa ,llJIJI lXHiX .z:IYIIl i rrocTyrry Bciei: rrapacpiL Hallli rro6omHi JIIO.z:IR oxoqe BiTaiOTh TO.z:li cBoi:x .z:IYIIlrracTRpiB no caoi:x ,[lOMax Ta ru;RpRM cepu;eM Bi.r~.r~aiOTh lM CBO:EO JI:E060B i B,[IJiqHiCTh. 7

Ci'IHH

COBOP CBHTOrO IIPE,l(TEqJ 3 .l(aBHix-,l(aBeH 36RpaJIRCh BipHi Ha Cxo.z:~i HacTyrrHoro ,[IHJI rricJIJI CBJITa BoroJIBJieHHJI rpoMa.r~oro B u;epKBi, ru;o6 3BeJmqRTR rraM'JITh BeJIRKoro IlpopoKa :i1: Ilpe.r~Teqi cB. H<JfiHa XpRCTRTeJIJI. Oco6JIRBO ypoqRcTi 6orocJiym6R Bi.r~rrpaBJIJIJIRCh y u;epKBi BoroJIBJieHHJI Ha,ll Mop,[laHoM; y CeBacTii:, .z:~e 6yJIR rroxoBaHi Moru;i cB. Ilpe.r~Teqi; B AHTioxil, .r~e rrepexoByBaJiach :Horo rrpaBa pyKa, i B Qapropo.r~i, KY.z:IR aro.r~oM rrepeHeCJIR TY pyKy. 3 rrpRBO.z:IY BeJIRKOrO 3i6paHHJI BipHRX y u;epKBi ,[leHh BlllaHyBaHHJI CB. lloaHa XpRCTRTeJIJI Ha3RBaJIR co6opoM. 8

ci'IH.!I

CBHTHH IOPIH X03EBHT BJIR3hKO 730 poKy Ha ocTpoBi Kirrpi (Cepe,[13eMHe Mope) rrpRillllOB Ha cBiT :EOHaK, JIKRil rri.r~ qac cB. XpR:rn;eHHJI o.n;epmaB iM' JI - IOpi:H. Y Toil qac, KOJIR :Horo CTaplllRH 6paT lpaKJIR.ll IIOKRHYB 3aMOJIO,[Iy CBiT i IIilllOB y rJiyxy ifop.n;aHChKY IIYCTRHIO, . ,l(e 3aMelllKaB y KoJioMaHChKOMY MOHaCTRpi Ha.l( MepTBRM MopeM, MaJIRH IOpi:H mRB y.n;oMa rrpR cBoi:x 6aThKax y Bomi:H 6oJI3Hi :H qecHoTax. Ta Heaa6apoM rroMepJIR :Horo 6aThKR, i BiH 3aJIRIIlRBCJI KpyrJIRM cRpoTO:EO. O.n;RH .n;o6pR:H cyci.ll Y3JIB MaJioro xJiorru;JI .r~o ce6e.

• HoBRil orriKyH cRpOTR TaK rroJiro6RB ,llo6poro IOHaKa, ru;o HaBiTh XOTiB Bi.l(.D;aTR 3a HhOro 3aMim CBOIO ,llOqKy. Ta lOpi:H, ru;o

55

8

ci4Hfl

rrparHyB ,AOCKOHaJiirnoro .iKMTT.H, HaBiTh 'IYTM He XOTiB rrpo Te, TOMY 6e3 Bi,AOMa CBOPO OIIiKyHa IIOKMHYB ,n:iM i CXOBifBC.H B O,AHOMY MOHaCTMpi. KoJIM orriKyH ,n:oBi,n:aBC.H rrpo Micn:e rrepe6yBaHH.H IOpi.H, rrpMHIIIOB Ty,n:M :H rrpocMB HacTaBHMKa ,n:o3BOJIMTM iloMy YCMHOBMTM XJIOIIU:.H. JOpiH IIOTaHKlf 3am-IIIIMB '!epHe'ly KeJiiiO, ciB Ha Kopa6eJih i ni,n:rrJIHB ,n:o en. 3eMJii. TaM 3 BeJIHKOIO Ha6omHiCTIO Bi,n:Bi,n:aB CB. MiCU:.H, ,n:e .iKHB, HaB'!aB i TeprriB Haiii BomecTBeHHHH CrracHTeJih. IloTiM BM6panc.H ,n:o KoJioMaHChKoro MOHaCTHp.H n Mop,n:aHChKY rrycTHHIO, ,n:o cnoro 6paTa lpaKJIM,n:a, .HKHH 6yB yme TO,n:i iryMeHOM, T06TO HaCTaBHHKOM MOHaCTMp.H. OcKiJihKM 3aKOHHMH ycTaB He ,n:o3BOJI.HB rrpMilMaTH Mim '!epHe'ly 6paTiiO MaJioJiiTHix IOHaKiB, TO lpaKJIM,n: rrpMMiCTHB IOpi.H B MOHaCTHpi Ilpe'IMCToi: ,IJ;iBM Mapil, .HKMH rn;e Ha3MBaJIH Xo3eBHTChKHM, He,n:aJieKo Bi,n: €pycaJIMMa, Ha,n: Mop,n:aHoM. TaM rre'!aJIHCh rreprni MoHarni rro,n:BHrH HeBHHHoro IOpi.H. 3 BeJIHKOIO pa,n:icTIO o,n:.HrHyBc.H BiH y rpy6y 'lepHe'ly o,n:emy, a rn;e 3 6iJihiiiOIO OXOTOIO Ta peBHiCTIO B3.HBC.H ,AO IIpMKparnyBaHH.H CBOel ,n:yrni BC.HKMMH '!eCHOTaMH. ,lJ;oBrO rrepe6yBaB BiH y TOMY CIIOKiHHOMy, 3aTHIIIHOMy MOHaCTMpi, )J;e Blf3Ha'laBC.H IIOKOpOIO ll IIOCJIYXOM. KoJIH rrpo :Horo CB.HTiCTh cTaJIH Ha,n:To 6araTo roBopMTH, BiH rroKMHYB Xo3eBHTChKHH MOHaCTHP i rrepe:HrnoB ,n:o cBoro 6paTa lpaKJIH,n:a. J Ha HOBOMY Micn:i, B KoJIOMaHChKOMY MoHaCTMpi, IOpi:H rn;e 3 6iJihiiiOIO peBHiCTIO MOJIMBC.H ll IIOCTHB, a CBOrO 6paTa IIOBa.iKaB i CJiyxaB, Ha'le CBoro ,n:yxoBHoro 6aThKa. ,IJ;oBro rn;e o6M,n:Ba IIpO.iKHBaJIH pa30M y MOHaCTHpi, IIOKH He6eCHlfll 0TeU:h He IIOKJIHKaB lpaKJIM,n:a y Kparn;HH CBiT ITO Bi'IHY 3aiiJiaTy. 3 6oJieM y cepn:i Ta rroKipHo 3ri,n:HHH 3 Bomoro BOJiero rroxopoHMB IOpi:H CBOPO 6paTa, 3aXOBaBIIIlf ll CBOlll IIaM' .HTi U:iHHMH CIIOra,n: IIpO HOrO BeJIMKi MOHaiiii '!eCHOTM. ITo cMepTi iryMeHa MOHaCTHP.H CTaBc.H y TOMY MOHaCTHpi BeJIHKMH 3aKOJIOT '!epe3 Te, IIJ;O MOHaXM He MOPJIM IIOPO,AHTMCh rn;o,n:o BH6opy HOBoro HacTaBHMKa. CB. IOpi:H, rn;o Bee mMTT.H rrpoBiB y CIIOKOIO ll THIIIi, IIOKHHYB TO,n:i He3ri,n:JIHBMX 6paTiB i IIOBepHyBC.H 3HOBy ,n:o CBOPO Xo3eBMTChKOPO MOHaCTHp.H, ,n:e BiB ,n:aJii ,n:yme BMepTBJieHe .iKHTT.H. TaK 3 ,n:H.H Ha ,n:eHh 3pocTaB cB. IOpi:H y CB.HTOCTi, a CBO'iM rrpMKJia,n:oM 3aoxo'lyBaB iHIIIMX MOHaxiB ,n:o caM03pe'leHH.H. ~ Bi,n:'lyBIIIH, rn;o Ha,n:xo,n:HTh ,n:JI.H Hhoro XBHJIHHa po3cTaBaHH.H 3 U:HM CKOpOMHHYIIJ;HM CBiTOM, IIpMKJIHKaB ,n:o ce6e BCiX CBOlX 6paTiB-MOHaXiB, IIOIIporn;aBC.H 3 HMMH cep,n:e"'IHO, a BKiHU:i 3BepHyB CBOl O'li Ha cxi,n: COHU:.H i IIpOMOBHB: "He 6iHC.H, ,n:yrne, BMXO,Ah 3 pa,n:icTIO 3i cnoro TiJia, i,n:H niTaTH :H orJI.H,n:aTH Bome JIMU:e, Kpacy

56

8

Ci'iHR

He6a i1: cJiaBy Bcix CBHTHx". IloBTOpHBIIIH TpH'li u;i cJioBa, Bi):{):{aB rrpeii0):{06HHH IOpi:ti: CBOIO CBHTY H IIOBHY 3acJiyr ):{YIIIY B PYKH cBoro He6ecHoro 0Tu;H, HKOMY cJiym.HB TaK BipHo i1: peBHO Bi):{ paHHbOl MOJIO):{OCTi. 3aKiH'IHB rrperro):{o6HHH Haiii o. IOpi:tl: Xo3eBHT CBO€ npaBe):{:A:e mHTTH 6JIH3bKO 812 poKy. 8 ci"'H.f!

CB.HTHH EMIJII.HH Y HaiiiOMY o6pH):{i MH ):{Bi'li CBHTKy€MO rraM'HTb CB. EMiJiiHHa, errncKorra KH3HKa. H:oro rroBHHH mHTTE:IIHC rro):{ae:Mo y TpeTi:ti: KHH3i "JKHTTH CBHTHX".

8

ci"!H.II

CB.HTA ,ll;OMHIKA IlpeiiO,z:{06Ha MaTH ,lJ;OMHiKa 6yJia po):{OM 3 AclJpHKH, 3 MicTa KapTareHH. CBo'i ):{HTH'li JiiTa rrpoBeJia B rroraHCTBi. KoJIH cTaJia ):{opocJioiO ):{iB'IHHOIO, ):{aB 'iii: Bor BeJIHKY JiacKy IIi3HaHHH H JII060Bi rrpaB,z:{HBOl xpHCTHHHCbKo'i Bipn. B TOR 'lac rrepe6paJiaCh ,ll;oMHiKa 3 KapTareHH ):{O IJ;apropo):{a. 3 HeiO rriiiiJIH KiJibKa TOBapHIIIOK, Mim HHMH O,z:{Ha Ha :ti:MeHHH MaBpa. Y IJ;apropo):{i IX JiaCKaBO IIpHHHHB TO):{iiiiHill: naTpiapx HeKTapill: i oxpHCTHB i:x. OrricJIH ,ll;oMHiKa cTaJia rrocBH'leHoiO Bory ):{HHKOHicoro, rn;o rrocJiyroByBaJia rrpn BomoMy ):{OMi, 30KpeMa, rri):{ 'lac cB. Xpnrn;eHHH miHOK. 3rO,z:{OM IIO,z:{apyBaB iMIIepaTOp Teo):{oci:tl: BeJIHKHH rro6omHHM ):{iBHIJ;HM IIIMaT 3eMJii Ha):{ 6eperOM MOpH rro6JIH3Y IJ;apropo):{a, ):{e BOHH 36y,z:{yBaJIH ):{Ba MOHaCTHpi Ha 'leCTb CB. rrpop01m 3axapi'i H CB. MY'leHHIJ;i MaBpH.

57

8 CiYH51

Komi Mim JIJO,D;bMM po3i:ihrmach BicTKa npo Ti '"MoHaCTMpi, CTaJIM npM6yBaTM ,D;O HMX no6omHi ,D;iBMI.J;i i B,D;OBM, rn;o6 ce6e nOCB.HTMTM CJiym6i rocno,n;eBi Bory. 3a po3yMHMM npOBO,D;OM ,D;oMHiKM BOHM BeJIM TaM CB.HTe mMTT.H. KomHoro ,D;H.H npHHOCMJIM Bory mepTBY cBo'ix MOJIMTOB, Hi'IHMX 'lyBaHb, yMepTBiHh i pi3HMX ·. XpMCTH.HHCbKMX 'ICCHOT; y6orHM XBOpMM i yB'.H3HCHMM HCCJIM noMi'l i noTixy, a noraHaM - cBiTJIO XpHCTOBo'i BipM. 3 icTopi'i mHTT.H cB . .D;oMHiKM Bi,n;oMo, rn;o Bar Ha,n;iJIHB 11 ,n;apoM TBopeHH.fi 'ly,n;ec. CBo'iMH MOJIHTBaMH MOrJia BOHa BTMXOMHpHTM 6yp10 Ha MOpi, Bp.HTyBaTH Bi,D; p036MTT.H KOpa6eJih, nepe,n;6a'IHTH iMnepaTopoBi, a TaKom i co6i caMift ,n;eHh cMepTi. ITo BiHoK Bi'IHoro rn;acT.fi nOKJIMKaB Bar npeno,n;o6Hy Hallly MaTip ,lJ;OMHiKy B rJIH60Kill CTapOCTi, 4 7 4 pOKy.

CBSITIIH CEBEPIIH Y He6e3nC'IHi 'laCH V CTOpi'I'I.H, KOJIM no €BpOni MaH,n;pyBaJIM HecnoKillHi ryHM, aJieMaHM, OCTpOr'OTM, pyr'M ll ma,n;i6HMM OKOM ,D;HBHJIHCb Ha npaBHR 6eper ,lJ;yHaiO, ,n;e 3Haxo,n;MBC.H HopiKyM, >TenepilllH.H ABcTpi.a, o,n;Horo ,D;H.H Ha,n; ,D;yHaeM no6a'IHJIM JIIO,D;M JKBaBoro 'IOJIOBiKa 3 .HCHHMn O'IMMa. ByB r~e cB. CeBepHH. HixTo He 3HaB Hi llOrO pO,D;HHH, Hi KpaiO, ,n;e BiH HapO,D;MBC.H Ta 3Bi,D;KiJI.H npMRIIlOB. IIpo :u;e He Bi,n;aJIM HaBiTh ftoro TOBapMIIIi, a KOJIM o,n;HH cB.arn;eHMK cnMTaB npo :u;e caMoro CeBepHHa, BiH Bi,n;noBiB mapTiBJIHBO: - JIKID;O TH BBa.>Ka€III MCHe 3a HeBiJibHHKa, rn;o BTiK Bi,D; cBoro naHa, TO 36Hpaft rpoiiii Ha BMKyn, .HKIIJ;O 6 3axoTiJIH 3a6paTM MeHe Ha3a,n;.

A noTiM y.>Ke noBamHo npo,n;oBmMB: - HKa KOPMCTh Bo.>KoMy cJiy3i roBopHTM npo CBOIO po,n;MHY Ta npo CBO€ nOXO)J;JKCHH.H? Hexaft Kparn;e MOB'IHTb npo TaKi pe'li. roJIOBHe - 3 BomoJO ,n;onoMoroJO 6paTHCb ,n;o KOmHoro ,n;o6poro ,n;iJia. A 3a Te 6y,n;e CTO.fiTH KOJIHCb 3 yciMa BM6paHMMH no npaBM:o;i ft HaJie.>KaTM ,n;o rpoMa,n;.aH He6ecHo1 6aThKiBID;MHM. TM 3Haeiii, rn;o ll .H 6amaiO TOro, 'IOMY m TM nHTaeiii MeHe npo 3eMHY 6aTbKiBID;HHy? Bee m TaKH O,D;HY pill TH nOBMHeH 3HaTH, a CaMe: Bo~ ,n;opYlJHB MeHi npa:o;IDBaTH Mi.>K I.J;HMM JIJO,D;bMH. MomHa 6yJio ,n;oBi,n;aTHCh 3 ftoro oKpeMMx <1Jpa3, rn;o ,n;o npMXO,D;Y y Ha,n;,n;yHallCbKy OKOJIMI.J;IO BiH nepe6yBaB ,D;OBrHll 'laC .HK MOHax y nycTHH.HX Cxo,n;y. Horo ,n;o6pe 3HaHH.fi JiaTMHCbKo'i

58

8

Ci'lHSI

MOBH R BeJIHKa TIOKOpa CBi,Z:J;'IHJIH, lll;O CB. CesepHH ITOXO,ll;HB 3 CJiaBHOl pO,ll;HHH B AcppHn;i, a, MO)Ke, HaBiTh 6yB TaM BHCBH"tJ:eHHR Ha enHcKona. 3poMaHiaosaHi MernKaHn;i HopiKyMy, nesHe, TIOBamaJIH TY He3HaROMy JIIO,ll;HHY, OCKiJihKH BiH I'OBOpHB ,11;0 HHX Bi,ll;OMOIO lM JiaTHHChKOIO MOBOIO, npoBa,ll;HB cysope )KHTTH Ta npan;IOBaB ,n;JIH Bomo'i cJiaBH R ,n;o6pa .JIIO,n;eR. Cneprny npH6yB cB. CeBepHH 3 nponoBi,n;,n;IO cB. 8BaHre.JiiH ,n;o AcTypn, niaHirnoro CTaKepaBa, w;o no6.JIH3Y Bi,n;HH. fio6a"tJ:HBIIIH, lll;O Hapo,n; )KHBe TaM y Be.JIHKOMY 6e33aKOHHi, TIO"tJ:aB HaB"tJ:aTH IX no6omHOCTi; Ta KO.JIH: .JIIO,ll;H 3a.JIHIIIa.JIHCb I'.JIYXHMH ,11;0 C.JiiB ROI'O CBHTOl HayKH R 3aTBep,n;i.JIHMH B CBOIX rpixax, BiH npopiK lM Eomy Kapy 3a lXHi npOBHHH i nepeRIIIOB B OKO.JIHll;i TenepiiiiHbOI'O faRH6ypra, w;o Ha cxi,n; Bi,n; Bi,n;HH. llpopon;TBO ca . CesepHHa cnoBHH.JIOCH. Heaa6apoM rrpnRIII.JIH ryHH, cnycTOIIIH.JIH MicTo AcTyp, a Hapo,n; BHry6H.JIH Me"tJ:eM. CTa.Jiocb u;e nic.JIH 453 poKy, no cMepTi ATTH.JIH. qepe3 CTIOBHeHHH rrpopOll;TBa R KiJibKa "tJ:y,ll;eC, lll;O lX 3p06HB CD. CeBepMH, cTa.Jio Roro iM'.H si,n;oMe. B TOR "tJ:ac no~msc.H cTparnHHR roJio,n; y MicTi ci>asiHHY, no6.JIM3Y Bi,n;HH. MernKaHn;i Roro, w;o 't!Y.JIH npo CesepMHa, 3anpocM.JIM Bomoro c.Jiyry B csoeMy ropi ,n;o ce6e, crro,n;iBaiO"tJ:MCh Bi,n; Hhoro nopHTYHKY. I He rroMH.JIM.JIHCh y CBo'ix Ha,n;iHx. CB. CeBepHH no"tJ:aB Bi,n;pa3y nponoBi,n;yBaTM 'iM 3 Be.JIHKMM ycnixoM Bome CJIOSO i K.JIMKaTM Hapo,n; ,n;o noKaHHHH. JliO,n;H He aaKpMBa.JIM cepn;H nepe,n; BomoiO JiaCKOIO; O,ll;Ha 6araTa miHKa TaK npORHH.JiaCb focTIO,ll;HiMM C.JIOBaMM, lll;O Be.JIHKi 3aTiaCH xap't!iB poa,n;a.Jia B60I'HM. 3 IIpHXO,ll;OM CB. CesepHHa CTOTIMBCH .Jii,n; Ha ,I(yHaiO R pi't!ll;i lH, MOmHa 6y.JIO Bme 6e3 Be.JIMKOl nepeiiiKO,ll;M ,ll;OBe3TM xap't!i 'tJ:OBHaMM. lHIIIMM paaoM CBHTHR aas,n;HKH cso'iM MO.JIMTBaM s6epir ysech pi't!HMR a6ip 36immH Bi,n; IIIKi,ll;.JIMBHX KOMaX, lll;O XMapaMM 06.JI.fii'.JIK OKO.JIMll;IO. Xo't! TBOPHB 6araTo "tJ:y,n;ec, a.Jie He oa,n;opoBHB cBoro HaRMM.Jiirnoro y't!HH BoHoHa, HKHR xsopiB Ha o"tJ:i R copoK .JiiT nposis y rrocTiRHiR MO.JIMTBi R y BeJIMKiR pesHocTi ,n;yxa. Ma6yTh, ,n;.JIH Roro m ,n;yxoBHoro ,n;o6pa.

Y TOR "tJ:ac, KO.JIM Ha.JIHKaHi Ha13,n;aMM MaH,n;piBHMX n.JieMeH MernKaHn;i HopiKYMY He Ma.JIM Hi nposi,n;HHKa, Hi o6opoHn;H, cs.

CeBepHH cTaB ,n;.JIH HHX e,n;MHMM oniKyHOM. Bin aaoxo"tJ:yBaB BOHKiB 't!HHHTH orrip repMaHChKMM Ha'iaHHKaM. He .JIHKaBcH HaBiTh XO,ll;HTH ,11;0 BOpOmOI'O Ta6opy, BMHB.JIHIO't!H Ha"tJ:a.JibHMKaM IXHIO HecrrpaBe,ll;.JIMBiCTb Ta ,ll;OMaraiO"tJ:MCb 3Bi.JihHeHHH TIO.JIOHeHMX; 6yB nocepe,n;HHKOM npH yK.Jia,n;aHHi yMOB MHPY, c.Jii,n;KyBaB a a BMKOHaHHHM ll;HX 3060B' H3aHb; CITHHHB TI.JIIOH,ll;pyBaHHH aarap6aHMX ~KO.JIMll;h. HixTo He ,n;onoMaras ROMY B u;nx

59

8

Ci'iHR

He6earretiHRX crrpaBax; caM, 6ea6opoHHRR, rrepexo.n;:iw tiepea piKy, .n;o6pe poayMiiOtiR Te, :w;o apiaHCbKi repMaHu;i He MaJIR Hi .n;o KOrO 6iJiblllOl HeHaBRCTi, .HK )l;O rrpaBOBipHOrO CB.H:rn;eHRKa; Ta, Ha :w;acT.H, BOHR HiKOJIR He aarro.n;i.HJIH Bi.n;BaJKHOMY 060pOHI.J;eBi 6eaaaXRCHOrO Hapo.n;y Hi.HKOrO JIRXa; HaBiTb CYBOpi CRHH rriBHO'!i He MOrJIR He Bi.n;.n;aTR IIOIIIaHR )l;OCTORHOMY CTapu;eBi. A BiH XO)l;RB, HaB'laB, 3aKJIRKaB )l;O IIOKa.HHH.H, BH3BOJI.HB IIOJIOHeHHX, JiiKyBaB He.n;yJKRX, aaCTepiraB 6eaaaKOHHRX i HecrrpaBe)l;JIHBRX, o6opOH.HB rroKpRB.n;JKeHnx; 6ea yTOMR, 6ea aarrJiaTR, TiJibKR .n;Jisr XpRcTa, :w;o KaaaB JII06HTR cBoro 6JIHJKHboro, .HK caMoro ce6e. Hatie .n;pyrRti: CB. HoaH XpHCTRTeJib CTO.HB Ha 6epeai piKR, .HK rrpopoK i Bi)l;HOBRTeJib, .HK MRpOTBOpei.J;b i .n;o6pOtiRHei.J;b I.J;iJIRX 25 JiiT! BaraTo MicT 6amaJIH MaTH tl:oro CBOIM errRcKorroM, Ta BiH aaBJK)l;R Bi)l;MOBJI.HBC.H Bi)l; TOl tieCTi, KaJKytiR, :w;o lM IIOBHHHO 6yTR )l;OCHTb i TOrO, :w;o BiH )l;JI.H HRX IIOKHHYB CBOIO JII06y CaMOTy. Ta xoti i aaJIRIIIRB CB. CeBepRH nycTHHIO Ha .n;aJieKoMy Cxo.n;i, BiH BiB i .n;aJii JKHTT.H cxi.n;HRX acKeTiB. He xo.n;RB HiKOJIH iHaKIIIe, .HK 60COHiJK, HaBiTb B3HMKy. IlOCTRB aJK )l;O aaxo.n;y COHI.J;.H, TO)l;i 6paB TpOXR IIOJKHBR. Ili.n; 'laC IIOCTY lB TiJibKH paa Ha TRJK)l;eHb. IIocTaBHB KiJibKa MOHaCTHpiB, Hat:6iJibiiiHR - Ha 6epeai ,ll;yHaiO, rro6Jinay Bi.n;Hsr; aJie caM MeiiiKaB Ha caMoTi, He.n;aJieKo Bi.n; MOHaCTRI>-i! TaM 6araTO MOJIHBC.H, a .HK CIIO'!RBaB, TO B KarrJIRtii.J;i, rrocTeJIRBIIIM Ha 3eMJii .HKRR-He6y.n;L MiiiioK. Ta rrepeBaJKHO MaH.n;pyBaB 3 Micu;sr Ha Micu;e i rrporroBi.n;yBaB JIIO)l;.HM, :w;o JKRJIR MiJK piKOIO IH i ropo10 KaJieH6epr' rri.n; Bi.n;HeM. He roBopRB 1M rrpo lcyca XpncTa, 6o Ha.n;.n;yHati:cLKi Kpai: .n;aBHO BJKe rrpRRH.HJIR XpRCTH.HHCTBO, aJie Hara.n;yBaB lM rrpo MOJII1TBy, IIiCT, MHJIOCep.n;Hi )l;iJia R tieCHe JKRTT.H. IIoraHCbKi KopoJii tl: KH.Hai rrpRxo.n;RJIR Bi.n;Bi.n;yBaTR tl:oro, cepe.n; .HKHX O.n;oBaKep, BOeBo.n;a r'epyJiiB, rri.n; tiac cBoro rroxo.n;y Ha ITaJiiiO. KeJiisr CeBepnHa 6yJia TaKa HR3bKa, :w;o O.n;oBaKep He Mir HaBiTL BHrrpocTaTHCb y Hiti:. CB. CeBepHH rrpopiK BOE:Bo.n;i, :w;o TOR Heaa6apoM a.n;o6y.n;e 6amaHy .n;epmaBy. KoJIH u;e cTaJIOCb, O.n;oBaKep HarrncaB .n;o CB.HToro cep.n;etiHoro JIHCTa, o6iu;srBIIIH CIIOBHRTR KOJKHe ftoro 6aJKaHH.H; Ta CB. CeBepRH He rrpRRH.HB Hi.HKOrO .n;apyHKa, TiJILKR IIpOCRB IIOBepHyTR 3 3aCJiaHH.H .n;e.HKRX JIIO.n;etl:.

I CBOIO cMepTb CB.HTRR rrepe.n;6atiHB Harrepe.n;.

-i' 3aHe)l;yJKaB 5 Ci'IH.H, a 8 citiH.H, 110 IIpRRH.HTTi CB. IlpRtiaCT.H, rrepexpeCTHBC.H, Ha'le 6 036pOIOBaB yce CBOE: TiJIO 3HaKOM CIIaciHH.H, i ai CJIOBaMR CB. IICaJIMa: "Xali XBaJIRT.b rocrro.n;a BCe, :w;o JKHBe" 3aKpHB CBOl O'li- OCTaHHiH BJKe pa3 Ha I.J;iH )l;OJIRHi CJii3.

CTaJIOCb u;e 482 poKy Bomoro.

60

9

CiYHSI

TaK 3aKiHt.IHB cBoe mHTTJI cB. CeBepHH. Xot.I He 3ai"iMaB HiJIKo'i u;epKOBHOl rroca~u, CHJIOIO cBoro ~yxy if rrpau;i 6yB 25 JiiT IIpOBi~HHKOM Ha~~yHaMCbKHX XpHCTHJIH. 3 iforo CMepTIO BIIaJia ocTaHHJI rri~rropa peJiirii"iHoro if ~epmaBHoro JI~Y B H~~yHaii:­ ChKii"i cTopoHi. He3a6apoM BIIaJia PHMCbKa iMrrepiJI, i Kpai"i HaiiOBHHJIH repMaHu;i. 3 IIpHXO~OM 6aBapiB, aBapiB i IIOraHCbKHX CJIOB'JIH HopiKyM 3HOBY rropHHYB y TeMpJIBY rroraHCTBa; TO~i 3aHerraJIH if Ti MOHaCTHpi, rn;o 'ix 3acHyBaB CB. CeBepMH. Hirn;o TO~i He 3aJIHIIIHJIOCh Bi~ rrpau;i if ~iJI cB. CeBepnHa. TiJihKH TOM rapHHH crrorakmHTTerrnc i"ioro yt.IHJI EBrirriJI. Y 488 pou;i, KOJIH 3-Ha~ .1J:yHaJO TiKaJIH OCTaHHi MOHaXH, 3a6paJIH BOHR 3 C060IO ~0 lTaJiil H MOIIJ;i CBOrO CB. HaCTaBHHKa. Crrot.IaTKY rroKJiaJIH Ti Morn;i B JlroKyJiaHyMi, rro6JIH3Y HearroJIJI, ~e IIOCTaBHJIH MOHaCTHp, y JIKOMY EBrirriif CTaB iryMeHOM. Y 910 pou;i 3 IIOIIIaHOJO rrepeHeCJIH CB. MOIIJ;i ~0 CaMOrO MiCTa HearroJIJI B BeHe~HKTHHChKHM MOHacTHp iM. cB. CeBepnHa. A B HopiKyMi, TerrepiiiiHii"i ABcTpil, omHB CB. CeBepHH y rraM' JITi JIIO~ei"i am Ha rrot.IaTKY VIII cToJiiTTJI, KOJIH OKOJIHu;i Ha~ .1J:yHaeM 3aJihu;6ypr i ITacaB 3HOBY HaBepHyJIHCh ~o xpncTHJIHCTBa. To~i JIIO~H rrpnra~aJIH co6i KOJIHIIIHhoro o6opoHu;JI if ~o6pot.IHHIJ;JI cB. CeBepnHa; i cboro~Hi THJ2.03Ih, 3aJihu;6ypr, KapnHTiJI if CTnpiJI BeJIHt.IaJOTh u;horo CBJIToro JIK rroKpOBHTeJIH CBoro KpaiO, 3ri~Ho 3 rrepe~6at.IeHHJIM ~HJIKOHa ITacxaciJI, rn;o, ~JIKYIOl.IH EBrirrieBi 3a rrpncJiaHy i"ioMy KHHmKy 3 mHTTerrncoM cB. CeBepnHa, cKa3aB: "III;o 3po6HB CBJITHH, HiKOJIH He 3a6y~eTbCJI 3 IIJIHHOM t.Iacy".

9

cf'IHR

CBHTIIM llOJIIeBKT Y BipMeHil, B MaJiii"i A3i'i, MeJiiTHH 6yB Bi~oMHH rrocToeM pHMChKoro BiHChKa. Te MiCTO B III cTopit.It.Ii rrpocJiaBHJIOCh 6araThMa CB. MYl.J:eHHKaMH, JIKi Bi~~aJIH cBoe mHTTJI 3a XpncTa. Mim THMH repoJIMH rrepiiie Micu;e 3ai"iMae CB. MYl.J:eHHK lloJiieBKT. BiH 6yB 6araTHM cTapiiiHHOJO pHMCbKo'i apMil, rpeu;bKoro rroxo~meHHJI. ByJIH B Hhoro miHKa llaBJIHHa if CHH. Cepe~ l.IHCJieHHHX IIpMJITeJiiB MaB BiH O~HOrO Haifcep~et.IHiiiioro ~pyra, Heapxa - ~yme peBHoro xpHCTHJIHHHa, JIKHM t.IacTo 3 lloJiieBKTOM p03MOBJIHB Ha peJiiriifHi TeMH Ta p03Ka3yBaB CBO€MY ~pyroBi rrpo XpncTa if xpncTHJIHChKY Bipy, ~oKa3yiOt.IH i"ioMy !:}JaJihiiiHBiCTh i rn~~TY i~oJiorroKJIOHCTBa. "IInTaB i"ioMy pi3Hi Micu;JI 3i 61

9

Ci'-IHs:l

CB.HTOro IIHebMa. Ta .n;pym6a Ma.Jia Ha IIoJiieBKTa rapHHR BIIJIHB, 60 XO"ll rn;e rroraHOIO, 6yB Bee m "lleeHOIO JIIO,D;HHOIO. Y TOR "l!ae iMrrepaTopH .lJ:eKiR i BaJiepiR rro"llamr KpHBaBo rrepeeJii,n;yBaTH xpHeTH.HH. Ha IIJiorn;ax i BYJIHII;.HX rrporoJioeHJIH iMrrepaTopebKHR ,n;eKpeT, 3a .HKHM yei XpHeTH.HHH rri,n; 3arp030IO BTpaTH MaRHa R mHTT.H MaJIH IIpHHeeTH mepTBY IIOraHebKHM 6omKaM. KoJIH Heapx rro"llyB rrpo u;e, rro"l!aB rrpHrOTOBJI.HTHeb .n;o KPHBaBo1 mepTBH 3a XpHeTa-IJ;ap.H Ta Roro eB.HTY errpaBy. Bo.HBe.H TiJihKH, rn;o Roro .n;pyr IIoJiieBKT, HaJI.HKaHHR MYKOIO R eMepTIO rrepeeJii,D;yBaHHX XpHeTH.HH, MOme 3aJIIUIIHTHeb Ha3aBm,D;H rroraHHHOM. IIoJiieBKT, rro6a"l!HBIIIH Ha JIHII;i Heapxa eMyToK, 3aiiHTaB Roro rrpo rrpll"liHHY. Heapx Bi.n;rroBiB ROMY, rn;o He3a6apoM 3aKiH"liHTbe.H 1XH.H .n;pym6a: BiH .HK xpHeTH.HHHH rri.n;e Ha MYKH, a II~JiieBKT rroKHHe Roro. Ta IIoJiieBKT, Ha rrpeBeJIHKY pa.n;ieTb Heapxa, 3a.HBHB, rn;o BiH yme rroBipHB y XpHeTa Ta roTOBHR .HBHO BH3HaTH Bipy B o.n;Horo rrpaB,n;HBoro Bora. I rn;e po3Ka3aB HeapxoBi, .HK He,n;aBHO 3'.HBHBe.H ROMY XpHeToe, .HKHR 3H.HB 3 HhOro BiRebKOBY yHicpopMy, a O,D;.HrHyB ROrO B iHIIIY, ,n;yme ,n;opory R HeHy o.n;emy Ta rn;e .n;aB ROMY KpHJiaToro KOH.H. Bee u;e 03Ha"lla.JIO, rn;o 3 3eMHoro JIHu;ap.H eTaHe IIoJiieBKT JIHu;apeM He6a, Ky,n;H rrepe1.n;e He3a_1m.poM Ha KpHJiaTOMY KOHi eB. My"lleHHII;TBa. BTiiiieHHR THM, Heapx rroB"liHB rn;e eBoro .n;pyra, rn;o MY"lleHHII;bKa eMepTb 6y.n;e ,D;JI.H Hhoro eB. XpHrn;eHH.HM. To.n;i IIoJiieBKT rriiiioB Ha3yeTpi"ll li1:, rrpHJIIO,D;HO BH3HaBIIIH xpHeTH.HHebKY Bipy. Ha 3HaK TOrO BiH IIOpBaB iMrrepaTopebKHR e,D;HKT i rropy6aB rroraHebKHX 6omKiB, IIJ;O 1M IIOKJIOH.HBe.H HeT.HMYIIJ;HR Hapo.n;.

KoJIH rrpo TOR BHeTyrr IIoJiieBKTa .n;oBi,n;aBe.H <IJeJiiKe, Roro TeeTh, .HKOMY iMrrepaTOp ,n;opy"liHB BHKOHaHH.H HaKa3y IIJ;O,D;O MY"lleHH.H XpHeTH.HH, ,n;yme 3aeMyTHBe.H, 60 3HaB, IIJ;O 3.HT.H HiiiJ;O He 3Mome BPHTyBaTH, "llepe3 rn;o rroTeprrJI.HTh Roro miHKa R ,D;HTHHa. IIo"llaB BMOBJI.HTH IIoJiieBKTa rroBepHyTHe.H .n;o rroraHeTBa. KoJIH mo.n;Hi rrepeKoHyBaHH.H TeeTH He MaJIH yerrixy, <IJeJiiKe IIOeJiaB ,D;O"liKY, rn;o6 BOHa eaMa rrpoeHJia eBoro "liOJIOBiKa Bi.n;peKTHe.H XpHeTa R rroBepHyTHe.H .n;o eTapo1 BipH 6aThKiB, .n;o Hel R eHHa, rn;o6 BOHH MOrJIH ,n;aJii pa30M rn;aeJIHBO mHTH. Y Bi.n;rroBi,n;h miHu;i IIoJiieBKT TaK roeTpo BHeMi.HB eTapy rroraHebKY Bipy Ta 11 6omKiB, a 3 TaKOIO JII060B'IO R eHJIOIO BH3HaB eBOIO jipy B XpHeTa, rn;o 6araTo 3 rrpHeyTHix rroraH HaBepHyJIHeb .n;o rrpaB,n;HBo1 BipH. IIo6a"liHBIIIH Te, ey.n;.n;i BHHeeJIH ROMY eMepTHHR BHpOK. KoJIH IIoJiieBKT Bme RIIIOB Ha eTpaTy, TO rro6a"l!HB Mim JIIO,D;hMH eBoro rrpH.HTeJI.H R .n;yxoBHoro 6aTbKa Heapxa.

3BepHyBIIIHeh ,D;O HhOrO, eKa3aB: "IJporn;aR, MiR ,D;pY,jKe, KpirrHeb

62

9

CiLJHSI

i naM'HTaH npo Hawy YMOBy!" IloTiM oxoqe CXHJIHB CBOIO I'OJIOBY niA Meq Ta npm':f:HHB CB. XpHrn;eHHH KpoBi, rn;o 3po6HJIO :i1oro XpHCTHHHHHOM, 6e3CMe.pTHHM repoeM i yqacHHKOM BiqHQI'O rn;aCTH. Heapx 3i6paB y xycTKY CBHTY MyqeHHI.J;hKY KPOB cBoro BipHoro Apyra, a Ha:i1peBHiwi xpHCTRHHH 3 mo6oB'IO noxoBaJIH :i1oro TiJio. Ty KpOB Heapx noKJiaB 25 I'PYAHH B MicTi KaHeHeo, a TaKo.m HanRcaB icTopiro MyqeHHI.J;TBa cB. IloJiieBKTa. To:i1 mHTTenHc nepeAaB Heapx xpRCTHHHRHOBi THMOTeeBi, a BiH 3po6HB Konil :i1 nopo3CRJiaB no pi3HRX xpRCTHHHChKRX rpoMaAax AJIH qRTaHHH 25 I'PYAHH H 10 ciqHH no :o;epKBaX. Ha "'eCTh cB. MyqeHHKa IloJiieBKTa nocTaBHJIH ni3Hiwe B MeJiiTHHi (nepeA 377 p.) :o;epKBy, npo rn;o AOBiAYE:MOCh 3 mRTTenHcy cB. €BTHMiH, Ae e araAKa, rn;o :i1oro 6aThKH XOAHJIH B MeJiiTHHi AO :o;epKBH CB. IloJiieBKTa. 3rOAOM nepeHeCJIR Morn;i cB. IloJiieBKTa AO IJ;apropoAa, Ae IOJiiHHHa, AOqKa iMnepaTopa BaJieHTiaHa, a6yAyBaJia Ha :i1oro "'eeTh nperapHy :o;epKBY. CB. rpRropi:i1 TypoHCbKHH aayBa.mye, rn;o B IJ;apropoAi BWaHoByBaJIH CB. IloJiieBKTa HK MeCHRKa 3a 3JiaMaHHH TipRCHI'H; AO HOI'O :o;epKBR npHBOARJIR 3JIQqlfHI.J;iB AJIH BR3HaHHH TipOBHH, a KOJIR XTOCb Ka3aB HenpaBAY, Bor BiApa3y TIOCHJiaB Ha HbOI'O Kapy. Y qJpaH:o;ii: KOPOJii niA qac yKJiaAaHHH AOroBopiB, nopHA 3 iMeHaMH cB. IJiapiH :i1 MapTHHa, npH3HBaJIH Tai<o.m iM'R CB. IloJiiE:BKTa HK CB. MeCHRKa, IIJ;O KapaTRMe 3a HeAOTpRMaHHH yMOB AOI'OBOpy. Y rpeKiB e nepeAaHHH, rn;o Heapx, npRHTeJib CB. IloJiieBKTa, TaKo.m npocJiaBHB XpHcTa My"'eHHI.J;hKOIO cMepTIO. BoHR BWaHOBYIOTb HOI'O naM'HTb 22 KBiTHH. 9

Ci'IHH

CB.HTHH IIETPO CEBACTIHChKHH 0AHiero 3 Ha:i1cJiaBHiwHx pOARH, npo HKi 3raAye XpHcToBa IJ;epKBa, e POARHa BacHJiiH BeJIRKoro. A :o;iKaBa :i1 cJiaBHa Ta ciM' R cBoero CBHTiCTIO. Bo npaAiA, AiA i 6a6yHH MaKpHHa, 6aTbKO BacHJiiH i MaTH EMeJiiH, AiTR MaKpRHa, BacRJiiH, rpRropi:i1 i IleTpo - yci BR3HaHi :i1 BWaHoByBaHi XpHCTOBOIO IJ;epKBOIO CBHTi. CB. IleTpo 6yB HaHMOJIOAWHM 3 AeCHTR AiTe:i1. BaThKa BTpaTRB rn;e TOAi, KOJIR 6yB y KOJIRc:o;i. OniKyHKOIO :i1 y"'HTeJibKOIO XpHCTRHHCbKOI'O .mRTTH MaJIOI'O IleTpycH 6yJia I'OJIOBHO

•

63

9

cil.fHS1

HaMcTaprna cecTpa MaKpHHa. 3a.n;HBJieHa B TOM .cBiT, Ill;O MaB IIpHMTH, BOHa MaJIO yBarH 3BepTaJia Ha ,li;OllaCHi pe1:1i; 3aTe 3 yciero peBHicTIO cBoei: rnm:rxeTHo'i .n;yrni MaKpHHa BliHJia cBoro 6paTa Bo:aw1 My.n;pocTi i roTyBaJia Moro Bme 3MaJIKY .n;o MOHarnoro )KllTT.H. A IleTpych i He .n;yMaB rrpo Ill;OCh iHrne rri.n; BIIJIHBOM cecTpH MaKpHHH • .HK TiJihKM: cB. BacnJiiM, HaMcTaprnM:M 6paT, po3IIO'IaB MOHarne mHTT.H M 3acHyBaB MOHaCTHP Ha.n; piliKOIO Ipic, rro6JIM:3Y AHHeci'i, cB. IleTpo rrepeMIIlOB Ty.n;n i cTaB mHTM: cyBopM:M MOHalliM:M mHTT.HM rri.n; BMiJIHM rrpoBo.n;oM cBoro 6paTa. A B TOM qac no iHrnoMy 6epe3i piliKM: MaTH EMeJii.H M cecTpa MaKpM:Ha 3i CB01MM: ,D;YXOBHM:MM: TOBapM:IllKaMM: B HOB03aCHOBaHOMY .miHO'IOMY MOHaCTM:pi HeMOB 3MaraJIM:Ch 3i CBOlMM: HaMpi.n;HiiilM:MM: B MOJIM:TBaX, IIOCTaX, ,li;OCKOHaJIOMY 3pe1IeHHi Bi,D; CBiTy M IIOCB.HTi BoroBi. KoJIM: 362 poKy CB. BacnJiiM MaB rrepeMH.HTM: iHrni o6oB' .H3KM: B Karrrra.n;oKiMChKiM Kecapil, BiH rrpH3HaliHB 6paTa IleTpa CB01M nacTyrrHHKOM i HacTO.HTeJieM y MOHaCTHpi Ha.n; piKoro Ipic. CBo1 o6oB'.H3KM: BM:KOHyBaB iryMeH IleTpo .n;oBri poKM: BMiJio M 1:1ecHo. lloro MM:Jiocep.n;.H M JII06oB .n;o 6JIM:.mHix oco6JIHBO BH.HBHJIHCh rri.n; 1:1ac BeJIM:Koro__;oJio.n;y B rrpoBiHIJ;i.Hx IloHTY M Karrrra.n;oKil. JliO,D;ChKM:M po3yM pa.n;nB MOMY .n;6aTM: HaMrreprne rrpo .n;o6po6yT cBoro MOHaCTM:p.H, a IIOTiM rOJIO,li;HM:X JIIO,D;eM II03a HHM; Ta iryMeH IleTpO B'IM:BC.H XpHCTM:.HHChKM:M 3aCa,D;aM JII060Bi ,li;O 6JIHmHiX B fOCIIO,D;a, TOMY BCi IIpM:IIaCH xapt.IiB, Ill;O 1x MaB y MOHaCTM:pi, Bi.n;.n;aBaB IIOTpe6yiO'IOMy HapO,D;OBi, .HKM:M y CBOE:MY ropi Ill;O,D;eHHO rnyKaB IIOp.HTYHKY rrepe.n; MOHaCTM:pChKOIO c}:lipTOIO. 370 poKy CB. BacnJiiM, cTaBrnH errncKorroM Karrrra.n;oKiMChK01 Kecapi1, BM:CB.HTHB 6paTa IleTpa Ha CB.Hill;eHHKa. CBoe rri.n;BHIll;eHH.H CB.HTM:M BBamaB TiJihKM: HOBM:M o60B '.H3KOM i HOBOIO 3aoxoToro .n;o rrocTyrry B ycix 'IeCHOTax. IlicJI.H CMepTi cB. BacnJii.H i CB. MaKpM:HM: 379 poKy, a TaKom errHcKorra €BcTaTi.H, 3aB3.HToro apiaHHHa i Bopora cB. BacHJii.H, CB. IleTpa BHCB.Hl:leHo 380 poKy Ha errncKorra CeBacTil ,D;JI.H BM:KOpiHeHH.H apiaHChK01 epeci y IJ;iM errapxii:, .n;e BOHa rJIH60KO 3arrycTM:Jia KopiHH.H. Tpe6a 6yJio CB.HToro, ru;o6 6opoTM:C.H 3 HeiO Ta 11 IIpM:XHJihHM:KaMM: Mi.m CB.Hill;eHCTBOM i HapO,D;OM. Xoq cB. IleTpo, errncKorr CeBacTi1, 3aKiH'IM:B JIHrne 6orocJIOBCh~ Ki M .n;yxoBHi cTy.n;il, Ta Moro JIM:CT rrpoTM: EBHOMi.H, BKa3ye Ha Te, Ill;O BiH MaB Hea6M:.HKHM .n;ap KpaCHOMOBCTBa. 3a TOM JIHCT CB. IleTpO 3HaHM:M .HK u;epKOBHM:M IIM:CbMeHHHK·. Y 381 pou;i CB. IleTpO CeBacTiMChKM:M 6paB YllaCTh y BceJieHChKOMY Co6opi B IJ;apropo.n;i,

64

10 CiYHSI

,n;e pa30M 3 iHIIHiMlf e_IIlfCKOIIaMlf OCY,ll;lfB MaKe,ll;OH.HH Ta iHIUlfX epeTlfKiB. IloMep cB. IleTpo CeBacTiilcbKlfM BJiiTKY rrpH6mi3HO 391 poKy. ,.

BpaT IleTpa, cB. fpHropiii HichKHii, ara,n;ye, rn;o Ha t.IeCTb cB. IleTpa, KOJilfiUHboro errHcKorra CeBacTii, ii KiJihKox Myt.IeHHKiB Bi,n;6yJiacb y CeBacTii BeJIHKa ypot.IHCTiCTh. CB. fpMropiii HichKHM Teo,n;opeT Ta iHIUi cTapo,n;aBHi IIHCbMeHHHKH 3ra,n;yiOTb CB. IleTpa 3 CeBacTil .HK JIIO,ll;HHY Ha,n;aBHt.IaiiHoi: CB.HTOCTi, peBHOCTi rrpo Bo.my CJiaBy Ta crraciHH.H ,n;yiU. 10

ci'!H.II

CBHTHH fPHfOPIH HIChKHH CB. fpMropiii, errHCKOII HiccH, 6yB CHHOM CB.HTHX 6aTbKiB BacHJii.H ii EMeJiil i pi,n;HHM 6paToM cB. BaCHJii.H BeJIHKoro, cB. MaKpHHH ii cB. IleTpa CeBacTiMCbKOro. II pHMIUOB BiH Ha cBiT y Kecapil, CTOJIHu;i MaJioa3iMcbKo1 rrpoBiHu;il Karrrra,n;oKii, IIpM6JIH3HO 33 5 pOKY. fioro 6aTbKO BacHJiiii rroMep rrepe,n;t.IacHo, TOMY BHXOBaHH.HM i OCBiTOIO fpMropi.R 3aMMaJiaCb po,n;HHa. 3 :Horo JIHCTa ,n;oBi,n;yeMoc.a, rn;o CBOlM BliXOBaHH.HM M OCBiTOIO BiH 3aB,ll;.Ht.Iye Haii6iJibiUe CTapiUOMY 6paToBi BacHJiieBi. BiH 6yB iioMy aa Bt.IHTeJI.H pMTOpMKH ii acKe3H, a TBOpH OpireHa, IlJiaToHa, ApicToTeJI.H M iHIUHX CBiTCbKHX IIMCbMeHHllKiB 6yJIH ,n;.mepeJiaMH, 3 .HKHX fpMrOpiii t.IeprraB 6orOCJIOBCbKe, c]_JiJIOCOcjJChKe Ta IllllpOKe CBiTCbKe 3HaHH.H. ITo 3aKiHt.IeHHi cBoro HaBt.IaHH.H o,n;py.mHBC.H 3 rro6o.mHoiO TeoceBieiO, i o6oe BOHH CJIY-'KlfJill BipHO rocrro,n;y BoroBi. fpHropiii rrociB t.IHH u;epKOBHoro t.IHTI.J;.H. Ta ocKiJihKH MaB BeJIHKi 3HaHH.H 3 pMTOpliKlf, TO He3a6apoM 3aMH.HB CBiTCbKY Kacj:Je,n;py KpaCHOMOBCTBa. AJie HOBOIO po60TOIO 6yB HeB,n;OBOJieHHM, 60 CTy,n;eHTll Mpi.HJIH 6iJibiUe rrpo Bi:J1CbKOBy, Him rrpo aKa,n;eMit.IHY OCBiTy. CaMe TO,n;i HarrHcaB ,n;o Hhoro JIHCTa cB. fpHropiii 3 Haai.HH3a, B .HKOMY

65

10

Ci'iHR

HaiiOJI.HraB Ha TOMy, ~06 TOR 3piKC.H "rryCTOl CJiaBH~' CBiTChKOrO PHTOpa Ta BepHyBC.H Ha CJiy)K6y rocrro,D;y BoroBi. fpHropiR IIOCJiyXaBC.H IIOpa,D;H Ha3H.HHChKOrO IIpH.HTeJI.H R BepHyBC.H )J;O HaRrroKipHimoro Ta HaRCB.HTimoro "'IHHY rrpH Bo)KOMY BiBTapi.

Ha rrpoxaHH.H cTapmoro 6paTa BacHJii.H fpHropiR rro"tJaB roTyBaTHC.H )J;O CB.H~eHHIJ;TBa, i He3a6apOM ROrO BHCB.HTHJIH Ha CB.H~eHHKa. He 3HaeMo )J;OCTeMeHHo, "'IH TeoceBi.H, APY)KHHa fpHrOpi.H, IIpO)KHBaJia R ,D;aJii pa30M 3i CBOlM "lJOJIOBiKOM, Terrep y)Ke CB.H~eHHKOM, "'IH rrepeRmJia )KHTH pa3oM 3i cB. MaKpHHOIO B MOHaCTHp. Bi,D;oMo JIHme, ~o BOHa He 6yna rrepemKo,D;oro ,D;JI.H cB. fpHropi.H. Mo)KJIHBO, ~o o6oe )KHJIH B u;inKOBHTiR 3,D;ep)KJIHBocTi. TeoceBi.H MOrJia 6yTH HaBiTh IIOCB.H"'IeHOIO )J;H.HKOHiCOIO. IloMepna BoHa cKopo, ~e rrepe,D; 372 poKOM. IliA -qac i:i:rroxopoHy fpHropiR 3 Ha3i.HH3a y rrpo~aJihHiR rrporroBi,D;i cKa3aB TaKi CJIOBa: "TeoceBi.H, BipHa TOBapHmKa fpHropi.H 6yna orroporo II060)KHHX )KiHOK, CJiaBOIO IJ;epKBH R 6JiarOCJIOBeHH.HM Hamoro IIOKOJiiHH.H. IJ;e )KifTT.H IIOJIHillHJia rrepe)J;"tJaCHO".

Y TOR "'lac, KOJIH cB. fpHropiR )KHB y Bi)J;oKpeMJieHHi Bi)J; CBiTy, Ma6yTh, y MOHaCTHpi Ha,D; piKOIO Jpic, y 1IpOBiHIJ;il IJOHT, Roro 6paT BacHJiiR 6opoBc.H 3 apiaHChKOIO epeccro i crrpoTHBOM "'laCTHHH CBord BJiaCHOrO CB.H~eHCTBa, Mi)K .HKHM 6yB HaBiTh 'ixHiR BYRKO fpHropiR, errHcKorr IloHTy. fpHropiR rrepe)KHBaB 3a TaKe po3'€,D;HaHH.H B lXHiR BJiaCHiM: pO)J;HHi, TaK XOTiB IIpHMHpHTH i:x, ~o caM HarrHcaB JIHCTa ,D;o 6paTa BacHJii.H, Ha"'le 6 BYRKO fpHropiR !JPOCT.HraB )J;O Hhoro OJIHBHY raJiy3KY 3rO,D;H. Ta rri,D;cTyrr CKopo BH.HBHBC.H, i CB. BacHJiiR KapTaB fpHropi.H 3a Te. IJoTpe6yiO"'IH, rrpaBOBipHHX JIIO,D;eR y 6opOTh6i 3 apiaHChKOIO epeccro, cB. BacHJiiR rrocrrpH.HB, ~o6 cB. fpHropi.H BH6panH errHcKorroM HiccH, MaJioro Karrrra,D;oKiRChKOro MicTe"tJKa. KoJIH 3 TOrO IIpHBO)J;y IIOTiM CB. BaCHJii€Bi )J;OpiKaJIH, TO BiH Bi)J;IIOBiB: "Kpa~e, ~06H 6paT IIpHHOCHB "tJeCTh MiCTOBi, aHi)K MiCTO MaJIO 6 IIpHHOCHTH ll 6paTOBi". 3 Ba)KKHM cepu;eM i, Ma6yTh, HeOXO"'Ie rrpHRH.HB fpHropiR errHCKOIIChKi CB.H"'IeHH.H 3 pyK 6paTa BacHJii.H i BHlXaB )J;O CBOel ,D;aJieKOl CTOJIHIJ;i.

Hicca 6yna TO)J;i po3ca,D;HHKOM apiaHi3My. O,D;HH ,D;BOP.HHHH 6a)KaB caM CTaTH TaM errHCKOIIOM. fpHropiR MaB 3,D;o6yTH Hiccy )J;JI.H rrpaB)J;HBOl BipH, ane He MaB ,D;apy yrrpaBJiiHH.H rrpoBiHI..J;i€10, '"i u;e ROMY He B)J;aJioc.H. B Ha,D;il, ~o THM )J;OIIOMO)Ke 6paTOBi BacHJiieBi, CKJIHKaB )J;O AHKHPH rrpoBiHu;iRHHR CHHO)J; errHcKorriB, ane IJ;HM BiH 6inhme 3amKO)J;HB cB. BacHJiieBi, Hi)K ,D;orroMir. He )J;HBHO, OT)Ke, ~0 IIi)]; "'laC BH6opy IIOCJiiB )J;O IJarrH ,I(aMa3a B PHM BacHJiiR 6yB rrpoTH, ~o6 O)J;HHM 3 HHX 6yB fpHropiR HichKHR.

ci.

66

10

Ci4H51

A TFIM -qacoM apiaHFI He .n;piMaJm. HaMicHFIK lloHTY ,ll;eMOCTeH CKJIFIKaB 3''i3.n;, Ha HKOMY o.n;FIH 3 apiaH 3BFIHyBaTFIB CB. fpFiropia y npFIBJiaCHeHHi u;epKOBHOrO MaHHa Ta y TOMy, I.II;O BiH He3aKOHHO CTaB E!ITFICKOITOM. ,ll;o CB. fpFiropia npFIHiliJIFI BOHKFI apernTyBa.fJi :Horo :H 3aBeCTFI .n;o B' a3HFiu;i. BiH He npoTFIBFIBca, Ta KOJIFI .n;oporOJO CTOpOiKa CTaJia He,ll;OCTOllHO ITOBO,ll;FITHCh 3 HHM, CB. fpFiropiio .n;oBeJioca BTeKTFI. To.n;i apiaHFI 3aHBFIJIFI, r.u;o BTe'la CB. rpnropia e .n;oKa30M llOro BFIHH. HaTe CB. BacHJiiH HaiTFJCaB lM JIHCTa 3 3aHBOJO, I.II;O u;epKOBHFIH CKap6HFIK He MaB npOTFI CB. fpFiropia HiaKoro 3aKFI.n;y. Ta, He3Bamaro'IH Ha Te, raJiaTChKi :H ITOHTChKi E!ITFICKOITFI ycyHyJIFI CB. fpFiropia 3 E!ITHCKOITChKOrO npecToJiy B Hicci i 3acy.n;FIJIH Ha 3acJiaHHa, a :Horo npecToJI He3aKOHHO ITOciB HOrO ITpOTFIBHFIK. Y pOKH 3aCJiaHHH CB. fpFiropi:fl XO,ll;HB Bi.n; MiCTa ,ll;O MiCTa, .n;oKa3yJO'lFI noMFIJIKOBiCTh apiaHChKOI epeci. Xoq BamKe .n;Jia cB. fpFiropia 6yJio lloro iKFITTH Ha 3acJiaHHi, 3aTe 6yJio MFIJie Bory :H cnaceHHe .n;Jia JIJO.n;e:H. llpo u;e TaK nncaB .n;o Hhoro cB. fpnropi:H BorOCJIOB: ",ll;o6po, I.II;O TFI ITOiliHplOE!Ili - Bi'lHe, XO'l TH CaM He Maelli HaBiTh ITOCTiHHOrO npFICTaHOBFII.II;a".

13 3acJiaHHH noBepHyBca am 378 poKy, KOJIIi nicJia cMepTi iMnepaTopa BaJieHTa, 3aB3HToro apiaHFIHa, cTaJ?ii:oro HacTynHFIKOM fpau;iaH, HKHH ITOBepHyB fpFiropiiO BOJilO i BJia,ll;FI'lFill npecTOJI. Hapo.n; npHHHHB cBoro 3aKOHHoro nacTFipa 3 Bi.n;KpFITFIMFI o6illMaMH. Ta TY nora pa.n;icTh 3aThMapFIJia nepe.n;'laCHa cMepTh cB. BacFIJiisr. He MFIHyJio poKy Bi.n; .n;Hsr cMepTi lloro BeJIFIKoro 6paTa, a BiKe .n;oBeJIOCh iloMy 3aKpHTFI o'li ll cecTpi MaKpFIHi. 3 Hero BiH MaB r.u;e Haro.n;y noroBopFITFI nepe.n; cMepTJO npo .n;yrny ll BOCKpeciHHa. Ty po3MOBY nepenoBiB ni3Hirne路 cB. fpFiropill ITHCbMOBO. llicJia cMepTi cB. BacFIJiia cB. fpFiropill HichKFill cTaB BITJIFIBOBOlO JIIO,ll;FIHOlO B u;epKOBHOMY iKFITTi. llepe.n; HFIM npocTarJIOCh noJie rnnpoKoi: :H cnaceHHoi: .n;iaJibHOCTi. Y TOR 'lac Bi.n;6yBcsr CFJHo.n; B AHTioxii:, r.u;o po3rJia.n;aB ITOMFIJIKFI ceKTFI MeJieTiSIH, CITiJihHFIKiB apiaH. 3i6paHi TaM E!ITFICKOITFI .n;opy'IFIJIFI CB. fpnropieBi ycyHyTFI TOll HeJia.n;, r.u;o :Horo cnpFI'IFIHFIJia epech y llaJiecTFIHi :H Apa6il. IMnepaTop Teo.n;oci:H BFI.n;aB HaKa3, r.u;o6 y .

TiH .n;aJieKiH MiCiHHifr no.n;opomi BCiJISIKO cnpFISITFI CB. fpFiropiro . .

Y 'laC TOrO o6'l3,ll;Y BFI6paJIFI HOrO MFITpOITOJIFITOM MiCTa CeBacTii: y BipMeHil ll .n;epmaJIFI KiJihKa Mi cau;iB y Till, aK BiH caM BFICJIOBFIBCSI, "BaBFIJIOHChKill HeBOJii". Ta rpnropi:H 3aJIFIIliFIBCSI .n;o GMepTi BipHFIM enFicKonoM HiccFI. Ha BceJieHChKOMY Co6opi, r.u;o Bi.n;6yBca B IJ;apropo.n;i 381 poKy, 3a:HMaB cB. fpnropiii o.n;He 3 neprnFix Micu;h. Moro BBaiKaJIFI

67

10

CiYH51

roJIOBHOlO orropoiO IJ;epKBH, a iMrrepaTop Teo~ociA y cBoeMy 3a"'!HCJIHB rpuropiH ~0 THX E:IIHCKOIIiB, 6yTH 3 HKHMH B n;epKOBHiM 3JIYD;i, 03Ha"'!aJIO 6yTH rrpaBOBipHHM, ~o6pHM xpHCTHHHHHOM. To:M Co6op IIOTBep,ll,HB yxBamr HiKeHCbKoro Co6opy M: po6HB 3axo.u;u, rn;o6 rroKJiacTH KiHeD;h apiaHi3MOBi. KoJIH IIOMep roJIOBa Co6opy MeJieTiH 3 AHTioxil, rpuropiM: BHrOJIOCHB rroxopOHHe CJIOBO. IIi3Hirne rpuropiH 6yBaB rn;e KiJibKa pa3iB y IJ;apropo,IJ,i, ~e BHrOJIOCHB 30KpeMa rrporn;aJibHY rrpOMOBY Ha rroxopoHi u;apuu;i <l>JiaKIJ;HJIH, Teo~ocieBoi: miHKH, a TaKom :Moro ~O"'IKH IIyJihxepii:, rri.u; 'l!ac Co6opy 394 poKy. KpiM Toro, MaB IIpOMOBy CB. rpuropiM HiCbKHH Ha iHTpOHi3aiJ;il CB. rpuropiH 3 Ha3iHH3a Ha u;apropo~cbKoro apxierrHcKorra. lli,11, KiHeD;b CBOrO )KHTTH Bi~Bi)J,aB CB. rpHropiM rn;e pa3 CB. •3eMJIJO. Pi3Hi Ha~ymHTTH rrpo'l!aH, a TaKom CHJibHa cxH3MaTH"tiHa aTMOCqJepa, I.IJ;O 3arpomyBaJia rrpaBOBipHHM, CIIpaBHJIH Ha Hboro IIpHKpe BpameHHH, TOMY rpHropiH y CBOE:MY JIHCTi rrpo rrporn;y ,11,0 cB. 3eMJii Kame, rn;o BOHa He e o6oB'H3KOBa, a IIpO Ce6e CaMOrO 3aHBJIHE:, I.IJ;O BiH Hi'l!OrO He CKOpHCTaB 3 Bi,ll,Bi,ll;HH cB. MiCIJ;b y IIaJieCTHHi. CB. rpHropiH 6yB .u;o6po,IJ,yiiiHHH, He .u;yme rn;aCJIHBHH B ynpaBJiiHHi u;ep:lltBOJO i1 npaKTH'l!HoMy mHTTi. 3aTe 6yB .u;o6pHM y'l!eHHM 6orocJIOBOM-TeopeTHKOM. Bi~ npupo.u;u rJIH60KHM MHCJIHTeJib, cepe.u; OTIJ;iB IV BiKy HaMKparn;e o6i3HaHHHH y ITOraHCbKiH qJiJIOCOqJil, BiH He B,ll;OBOJibHHBCH Bme BMpiiiieHHMH npaB,ll;aMH BipH, aJie 6paBCH 3a p03B'H3aHHH IIHTaHb, I.IJ;O 6yJIH rn;e He ,ll;OCJii,u;meHi, Ta po6HB B,ll;aJii cnpo6H yce XpHCTHHHCbKe B'l!eHHH CHCTeMaTH3yBaTH. ~0~0 <lJiJIOCO<lJCbKHX ITOrJIH,ll;iB rpuropilO HaH6JIH)K"'IHM 6yB IIJiaTOH H HeonJiaTOHi3M. IIponoBi,u;i rpHropiH HicbKOro CKJia~Hi 3a 3MiCTOM, ,ll;OBri, IIITY'tJ:HOi: pMTOPH'l!Hoi: cpopMH. BamKHH CTHJih, a6cTpaKTHiCTb yTpy,u;HIOIOTb 'l!HTaHHH :Moro TBopiB. CBHTHH 3aJIHIIIHB no co6i 6araTy JiiT~paTypHy cna.u;rn;nHy, pi3HOMaHiTHY 3a 3MiCTOM, B HKiH HaHBHi MaHme BCi .maHpH cTapoxpHCTHHHCbKoi: JiiTepaTypu: eK3ere3a, ~orMaTHKa H noJieMiKa, acKeTHKa, npoMOBH M: erricTOJIHpiH. Hai1Kparn;HMH e :Moro ~orMaTH'l!Hi TBOpH. 3 acKeTH"'IHHX 6yJIH nonyJIHpHHMH ,u;Ba: "IIpo .u;iBHIJ;TBo" i "JKHTTH cB. MaKpHHH".

-;. CBHTHM 6yB ni.u; BeJIHKHM BITJIHBOM u;epKOBHoro ITHCbMeHHHKa OpireHa, nepeHHHBIIIH Bi,u; Hboro aJieropH'l!He TJiyMa'l!eHHH CBHToro IIHCbMa. TBOPH rpHropiH nepenOBHeHi :Moro BJiaCHHMH MipKyBaHHHMH, rn;o .u;ern;o Bi,u;MiHHi Bi~ u;epKOBHHX. BiH caM 6a'l!HTb TY pi3HHll;lO Mim B'l!eHHHM IJ;epKBH i M:oro oco6HcTHMH MipKyBaHHHMH, TOMY HaBiTb 3acTepirae "'IHTa'lliB: "Ko)IH 3 BomoJO e~HKTi

68

10

Ci'-IHR

,ll;OITOMOrOJO 3MOJKeMO Bl'UICHHTH 01.1;10 npaB,n;y, TO ,n;o6pe; KOJIH, O,ll;HaK, Haiiii TJiyMa"LJ:eHH.H He 6y,n;yrh u;iJIKOBHTO o6r'pyHTOBaHHMH, CJIYJKHTHMYTh HaM He3MiHHi nepe,n;aHH.H, nepeHH.HTi Bi,ll; 0TI.I;iB" (.IJ;o ABJiaBi.H).

BJKe 3a JKHTT.H, a rn;e 6iJihiiie niCJI.H CMepTi CB. rpnropiii: ·~ HichKHH 6yB BIIIaHoByBaHHH 3a Te, rn;o Haii6iJihiiie cnpH"liHHHBC.H ,n;o 3aHena,n;y apiaHi3MY ii: npnii:H.HTT.H HiKeiichKo-I.J;apropo,n;chKOro CnMBOJIY Bipn 3 6iJihiii TO"LJ:HHM BH3Ha"lleHH.HM npaB,n;H npo CB.HToro .IJ;yxa: "I B .IJ;yxa CB.HToro, rocno,n;a JKHBOTBOp.Hrn;oro, rn;o Bi,n; 0Tn;.H i CnHa cxo,n;HTh, rn;o 3 0Tn;eM i CnHoM piBHOITOKJiaH.H€MHH 1 piBHOCJiaBHMHH, rn;o roBopnB "LJ:epe3 npopoKiB". VII BceJieHChKHH Co6op y HiKei: Ha,n;aB CB. rpnropieBi HiChKOMy ITO"lleCHe 3BaHH.H 0Tel.l;h 0TI.I;iB. CB. rpnropiii: ITOMep 6JIII3hKO 395 poKy. 10

ci'IH.R

CB.HTHH MAPKI.HH Y PHMi, CJiaBHiH AnocTOJihChKiH CTOJIHI.I;i, JKHJia B V CTOpi"ll"lli o,n;Ha ,n;yJKe 6araTa po,n;1ma, cnopi,n;HeHa 3 u;apchKHM po,n;oM Teo,n;ocii:B. BeJIHKHMH 6ynn 3eMHi Ma€TKH Tiei: ci~ Ta Haii6iJihIIIHM ll CKap60M 6yJia CB. XpHCTH.HHCbKa Bipa. 3ro,n;OM I.I;.H pO,ll;HHa nepe6panac.H ,n;o I.J;apropo,n;a, 3a6paBIIIH 3 co6mo i MOJio,n;eHbKoro CHHa MapKi.HHa. B I.J;apropo,n;i Bi,n;,n;ann ii:oro no6oJKHi 6aThKH Ha HaB"LJ:aHH.H. MapKi.HH po6HB BeJIHKHH nocTyn y Hayu;i, ane rn;e 6iJihiiiHH y "LJ:ecHoTax. BiH ,n;yJKe JIID6HB u;epKBY ii: u;epKOBHHH cniB, 6yB MHJIOCep,n;HHM ,ll;O B60rHX Ta "LJ:aCTO rn;e,n;po o6,n;apOByBaB IX ITOTa'ii: Bi,n; CBOlX 6aThKiB. Y BiJihHHH "LJ:aC He IIIyKaB Hi 3a6aB, Hi CBiTChKHX p03KOIIIiB, aJie CITiiiiHB Ha,ll; MOpe, ,ll;O n;epKBH CB. lpHHH, ,n;e 6araTO "llacy npoBO,ll;HB y MOJIHTBi. CBoe TiJio yMepTBJI.HB MOJio,n;nii: IDHaK ITOCTaMH i npOJIHBaB 6araTO ITOKa.HHHHX CJii3, HaCJii,n;yiD"LJ:H B TOMY BeJIHKoro ii:op,n;aHChKOro Ka.HTHHKa cB. MoaHa XpncTHTeJI.H. Ha "lleCHOTH Mono,n;oro MapKi.HHa 3BepHyna yBary ,n;yxoBHa BJia,n;a, i apXi€ITHCKOIT .AHaTOJih BHCB.HTHB HOrO Ha CB.HII.J;eHHKa, xo"LJ: CB. MapKi.HH Bi,n;MOBJI.HBC.H Bi,n; Ti€1 cB. Taii:HH, 6o BBaJKaB ce6e Heri,n;HHM CB.HII.J;eHHI.I;TBa. CyBopicTh JKHTT.H cB. MapKi.HHa He cno,n;o6anacb ,n;e.HKHM oco6aM, rn;o y BeJIHKOMY BMepTBiHHi BoJKoro cnyrn 6a"LJ:HJIH HeHa"lle ITOCTiHHY JKHBY nponOBi,ll;b npOTH CBO€l CBaBOJil H JierKO,ll;YIIIHOOII'i. Y CBOlH 3JI06i BOHH 3p06HJIH HaBiTb HaKJieiT,

69

10

Ci4H51

~o MapKi.HH e rrpHXHJihHHKOM ceKTH HOBi:u;i.HH, a6o KaTapHcTiB, .HKi rrporroBi,n;yBaJIH Ha,n;MipHy cyBopiCTh mHTT.H. IIoKpHB.n;meHHM MapKi.HH MOBtJaB i TeprriB, He crriii:MaBc.H Ha :u;e, Bi.n;.n;aBIIIH o6opoHy CB0€1 tJeCTi i rrpaBOBipHOCTi rocrro.n;y BoroBi. BopomHii: HaKJieii p03Bi.HBC.H, .HK ,ll;HM, He 3aTbMapHBIIIH BeJIHK01 Ta CBiTJI01 ··tJeCHOTH MapKi.HHa. To.n;i rraTpiapx reHa.n;iii: rrp113HatJI1B CB. MapKi.HHa eKOHOMOM ii: 3aBi,n;aTeJieM rraTpiapiiio1 :u;epKBM cB. Co¢i1 B IJ;apropo.n;i.

KoJIM rroMepJIM MapKi.HHOBi 6aThKI1, ii:oMy 3aJIMIIIMJiach BeJIMKa crra.n;~HHa. CBoe Maii:Ho BI1KOp11CTOByBaB BiH ,ll;JI.H Taro, ~06 ,ll;OIIOMaraTI1 B60r11M; BJiaCHI1M KOIIITOM Bi,n;6y,n;oByBaB CTapi ii: crropy.n;myBaB HOBi :u;epKBM. 36y.n;yBaB BiH y IJ;apropo.n;i .n;yme rapHy :u;epKBY Ha tJeCTh cB. MytJeHM:u;i AHacTacil. KoJIM .n;e.HKi 3 ii:oru rrpM.HTeJiiB ,n;MByBaJIMCh, ~o MapKi.HH BM,n;ae cTiJihKM rpoiiieii: Ha 6y.n;oBy i rrpMKpacH Tie1 :u;epKBH, CB.HTMM Bi.n;rroBiB 1M: ".HK~o 6 .H MaB ,ll;OtiKY M XOTiB Bl1,ll;aTI1 11 3aMim 3a meHMXa 3 IIIJI.HXeTHOrO po.n;y, tiM He BM,n;aB 6H 6araTo 30JIOTa, ~o6 BiHyBaTM 11? KoJIM .H BMpiiiiMB 3BeCTH xpaM rrperapHiii: XpMcTOBiii: o6pytiHM:u;i, TO xi6a MOmy JKaJiiTI1 30JIOTa, ~06 IIp11KpaCI1TI1 ii:oro?" 3aTe Ha CB01 IIOTpe611 MapKi.HH CBOrO Maii:Ha Maii:me He BI1KOp11CTOByBaB. Xo,n;MB y B6oriii: ~Q.n;emi, a tJacoM i l'i Bi.n;.n;aBaB y6orMM. IIpo :u;e Bi,n;oMa TaKa icTopi.H. 22 rpy,n;H.H 468 poKy MaJIO Bi,n;6yTI1Cb IIOCB.HtJeHH.H :u;epKBI1 cB. AHacTacil. 3arrpocMJII1 iMrrepaTopa, rraTpiapxa, rpoMa.n;y.

3iii:IIIJIOC.H 6araTO Hapo,n;y: CTapi i MOJIO,ll;i, 6aratJiB i 6i,n;H.HKI1.

KoJIM MapKi.HH roTyBaBc.H .n;o CJiym611 Bomo1, rrpMcTyrrMB .n;o HhOrO B JiaXMiTTi TpeMT.H'li1M Bi,n; XOJIO,ll;y B60ri1M CTape:u;h i IIpOCI1B .n;orroMorM. Ta rrperro.n;o6HMii: MapKi.HH, KpiM MMJiocep.n;.H, He MaB To.n;i HitJoro, tJHM Mir 6H o6.n;apyBaTI1 Taro B6ororo cTap:u;.H. Ta '!11M xaTa 6araTo, TMM i pa.n;a. OcTaHHIO CBOIO o.n;emMHy, ~o MaB Ha co6i, Bi,n;,n;aB CTap:u;eBi, a CaM aKypaTHO IIP11Kp11B CBO€ TiJIO 3i BciX 6oKiB :u;epKOBH11MI1 pl13aMI1 M TaK IIiiiiOB ,!1;0 BiBTap.H. 3a Te, ~o rrperro.n;o6HMM MapKi.HH yciM cBo1M cep:u;eM JII0611B Bora i CB01X 6JII1JKHiX, rrpocJiaBMB ii:oro rocrro.n;h tJy,n;aMI1. O.n;Horo pa3y MapKi.HH BOCKpecMB 3 MepTBHX miHKY, ~o BIIaJia rri.n; tJac rrpa3HI1Ka 3 :u;epKOBHOro KpMJia. A rri.n; tJac BeJIMK01 rromemi B IJ;apropo,n;i BI1MIIIOB 3i CB. 8BaHreJii€M Ha ,n;ax :u;epKBI1 CB. AJiacTaci1, rroMOJIMBC.H cep.n;etJHO, i Bar Bi,n;BepHyB Bi.n; :u;epKBM '"' BOrOHh. CB. MapKi.HH o6HOBHB :u;epKBY cB. Teo.n;opa i cB. l311.n;opa, a TaKom rrotJaB 6y.n;yBaTM HOBY :u;epKBY Ha tJeCTh cB. lpMHM; TY 6y.n;iBJIIO .n;oKiHtJMJia rricJI.H ii:oro cMepTi rro6omHa :u;ap11:u;.H Ip11Ha, .n;pym11Ha JleBa I.

70

11

Ci'-IH51

3HaiOl.J:Ii, ~0 ni,n; 3aCJIOHOIO TeMHiiX HOl.leR 3pOCTae aMopaJihHiCTh, l.lacTo xo,n;nB· CB. MapKi.HH BHO'Ii BYJIRD;.HMR IJ;apropo,n;a :i1 BMOBJI.HB 6Jiy,ll;HiiD;h IIOKRHYTR rpiiiiHe .iKiiTT.H Ta p.HTyBaT:H CBOl ,n;yrni: rnyKaTR l.J:eCHOl npau;i a6o CTapaTRC.H BiiRTii 3aMi.iK. ,lJ;eKOJm ,n;aBaB 1M rporni, ~o6 TiJihKR BRBecTn i:x Ha ,n;opory rrpaBe,n;Horo .mnTT.H. KoJin 3Ha:i1rnoB yHol.li Ha ,n;opoai HenoxoBaHoro Mepu;.H, TO o6MnB :H:oro, o,n;.HrHyB :i1 rroxopoHnB. Ta Ha,n;i:H:rnoB l.lac, KOJin :i1 caM cB. MapKi.HH MaB rrepe:H:Tn ,n;o Kpa~oro cBiTy. CMepTh aacTaJia :H:oro rri,n; l.lac 6y,n;oBn u;epKBn Ha l.leCTh CB. lp:HHR, 6JI:H3hKO 4 71 poKy. Ilepe,n;6al.I:HBill:H, ~0 B.iKe He ,ll;OKiHl.J:ll:Th CaM CB.HTOrO ,n;iJia, CKa3aB: "foCIIO,ll;Ii, B TBOl pyKR Bi,n;,n;aro ,n;yrny, ~o 11 Tn coTBopnB, i u;epKBy, ~o 3 TBoe'i BOJii .H 6y,n;yBaB". KoJin po3i:i1rnJiaCh BiCTKa, ~o rroMep CB. MapKi.HH, BCe MiCTO MOJI:HJIOC.H np:H ROrO CB. MO~aX Ta npo~aJIOC.H 3 BeJinKnM Bo.mnM cJiyroro i ,n;o6pol.lnHu;eM. IIoxoBaJin CB.HToro B MOHacTnpi CB. HoaHa XpncTnTeJI.H rrpn u;epKBi cB. BeJinKoMyl.leHnKa MoKi.H. Ilperro,n;o6Horo MapKi.HHa, npeCBiTepa R eKOHOMa BeJI:HKOl u;apropO,ll;ChKOl u;epKBii, BillaHOBYIOTh rrpaBOBipHi o6ox o6p.H,n;iB 10 Cil.J:H.H, ~0 6yB ,ll;HeM cMepTi Taro BeJinKoro Bo.moro cJiyrn, orriKyHa u;epKOB i B6ornx.

11

Ci'IHH

CBHTIIH TEO,ZJ;OCIH BEJIHKIIH Y Karrrra,n;oKi'i, rrpoBiHu;il MaJioi: A3il, Ha cJiaBHi:i16aThKiB~nHi CB. BacnJii.H BeJinKoro, B MicTel.IKY r'apnci, Hapo,n;nBc.H 423 poKy xJioneu;h, ~o 3ro,n;oM cTaB BeJinKnM Bo.mnM yro,n;HnKOM. TieKJ ~acJinBOIO ,n;nTnHoro 6yB rrperro,n;o6Hn:i1 oTeu;h Teo,n;oci:H: BeJinKn:H:, HaCTaBHiiK MOHaCTRpiB. BaThKR Ilpoepeci:H: i €BJiori.H CBOIM rro6o.mHnM .mnTT.HM Bl.IRJIR MOJio,n;oro Teo,n;oci.H 6yTn 3aB.m,n;n 6JIR3hKO 6iJI.H Bora :i1 IJ;epKBn. IJ;epKOBHi HaCTO.HTeJii, ~0 6al.J::HJIIi BeJIRKY II060.iKHiCTh XJIOIID;.H, rrocB.HTRJIR :H:oro Ha u;epKOBHoro l.IRTD;.H. CB.HTe IlnchMO, l.laCTa MOJIIiTBa, u;epKOBHi 6orocJiy.m6n i IlpeCB.HTa €Bxap:HCTi.H 3pO,IJ;IiJIIi B ,n;yrni MOJio,n;oro Teo,n;oci.H rap.Hl.le 6a.maHH.H ,n;ocKoHaJioro .mnTT.H ..

ToMy IIOIIpO~aBC.H BiH 3i CBOE:IO po,n;:HHOID, IIOKRHYB pi,n;Hy CTOpO- .

HY :i1 BnpyrnnB y ,n;aJieKy MaH,n;piBKY ,n;o €pycaJinMa, ~o6 Ha Micu;.Hx, rrocB.HtieHnx .mnTT.HM i KpoB'ro lcyca XpncTa, HanoBHRTR CBOE: cepu;e CB.HTiiMii 3BOpyrneHH.HMR, CKpiiiRTii CBOIO II060.iKHiC'IV>, a IIOTiM, ,n;aJieKO Bi,ll; JIID,ll;e:it, Bi,n;,n;aTRCh 6orOMiJihHOMy .iKiiTTIO. 71

11

Ci4HSl

,Il;opororo BiH aBepHyB .n;o AHTioxii:, i1: TaM, He.n;a.Tiei<O Bi.n; MicTa, Bi.n;Bi.n;aB cJiaBHoro cB. CeMeHa CTOBIIHHKa, .HKHM aa BomHM rrpocBi'IeHH.HM rrpopiK, rn;o cB. Teo.n;ociii, 6y.n;e 6aTbKOM 6araTbOX .n;yxoBHHX CHHiB-MOHaxiB Ta .n;aB iioMy Bi.n;rroBi.n;Hy HayKy. 3 6JiarocJioBeHH.HM cB. CeMeHa rrilllOB Teo.n;ociii rrpocTo .n;o €pyCaJIHMa. IlOKJIOHHBIIlllCb CB.HTHM MiCD;.HM, CTaB p03,1l;yMyBaTH, .HKHH BH6ip 3p06HTH: mHTH B MOHaCTHpi 'Ill caMiTHHM rrycTHHHHKOM? IIepe.n;6a'!HBIIlH He6earreKH IIYCTHHHOrO mHTT.H, .n;e He 6y.n;e Hi IIpHKJia,ll;y CB.HTHX 6paTiB, Hi IIOB'IaHh, Hi OIIiKH CTaplllHX, .n;ocBi.n;'IeHHX MOHaxiB, cB. Teo.n;ociil: aaMelllKaB Ha ropi CioH rrpH no6omHOMy cTap:u;eBi JloHI'iHi, .n;e aa il:oro IIpOBO,Il;OM IIpOXO,Il;HB Ha'Ie CBiH IIO'IaTKOBHM BHIIlKiJI-HOBi:u;ixT Taro mHTT.H, .n;o .HKoro aaoxo'IyBaB caM XpHcToc:.

"KOJIH XTOCb XO'Ie HTH 3a MHOIO, HeXaM ape'!eTbC.H ce6e caMoro, Bi3hMe xpecT CBiH i il:.n;e 3a MHOIO" (MT 16:24).

Y TOM "Iac a6y.n;yBaJia rro6omHa miHKa rJIHKepi.H IIpH rOJIOBHiM ,ll;Op03i, rn;o BeJia .n;o Bm:}JJieeMa, :u;epKBY Ha '!eCTh IIpecB.HTOl ,Il;iBH Mapil i1: rrpocnJia JloHriHa rrpHaHa'IHTH cBoro Y'IH.H Teo.n;ocix yrrpaBHTeJieM Tiei: :u;epKBH. Teo.n;ociii He MaB 6amaHH.H BepTaTHCh Mim JIIO,Il;H, IIpOTe 3 IIOCJiyxy rrepeHIIlOB Ha HOBe Mic:u;e. Ta rro6a"IHBIIlH aaHa.n;To BeJIHKY lllaHy ,ll;O ce6e Bi,ll; JIIO,Il;eH, IIOKHHYB TaHKOMa Te Mic:u;e H 3aMelllKaB y Jie'Iepi, Ha BeplllHHi O,ll;Hiel ropH, CB. TEO,IJ;OClil .n;e 30 JiiT rrpoBiB y MOJIHTBi, rrocTi i1: BEJUIKI1fl 'IyBaHHi. 3a Bech TOH '!ac He a'i:B Hi KpHXTH XJii6a: il:oro IIOmHBOIO 6yJia cHpa ropo.n;HHa il: ,ll;HKe aiJIJI.H. KoJIH IIO'IaJIH rrpHXO,Il;liTH .n;o Hhoro 6oroMiJih:u;i, rn;o 6amaJIH 3aJIHIIlHTHC.H a HHM, CB. Teo.n;ociii He aarrepe'IyBaB, Ta 6amaB MWI'H rrpH co6i TiJihKH llliCThox-ciMox. IIiaHillle 6yB aMyllleHHM IIpllHH.HTH 6iJihllle Y'JHiB, a BKiHu,i rrepeKOHaBC.H, ID;O 6y.n;e MHJiillle BoroBi, .HKn:t;o BiH rrpHiiMaTHMe KomHoro, XTO TiJihKH n:t;Hpo 6amaTHMe CJiymHTH rocrro.n;y BoroBi B MOHalllOMY mHTTi.

72

11

Ci'-IH51

CB. Teo.z:~oci:H: BBamaB ocHoBoiO pemrnmoi: ,D;OCKOHanocTi IIOCTiHHY rraM' .fiTh rrpo CMepTh. ToMy HOBHX Yt.IHiB Bl.J:HB HacaMrrepe,D; ,D;yMaTH f!PO cBi:H: ocTaHHi:H: ,D;eHh, :r.u;o :H: .z:~orroMome 1M 3pa6HTH rrocTyrr y t.IeCHOTax. HaKa3aB BHKorraTH BeJIHKHH rpi6, CIIiJihHHH ,LIJI.fl BCiX 6paTiB, .fiKHH Hara,D;yBaB I.I.J;O,LIH.fl KOa<HOMY MOHaXOBi rrpaB,D;y: "IlaM'.fiTaH, I.I.J;O IIOMpelll", i TaKHM l.J:HHOM ,LIOIIOMaraTH BCiM IIOCTiHHO BIIpaBJI.fiTHC.fl B yMepTBiHHi. 0,D;HOrO ,[IH.fl CB. Tea,D;OCiH IIOCTaBHB rrepe,D; HHM CBOlX MOHaXiB i CKa3aB: "rpi6 yme rOTOBHH; XTO XOl.J:e CIIOl.J:HTH rreplllHH y HhOMy?" To.z:~i CB.HI.I.J;eHHK BacHJih rrpnrraB cB. Teo.z:~ocieBi .z:~o Hir i cKa3aB: "IIo6narocnoBH MeHe, OTt.Ie, :r.u;o6 .fl 6yB rreplllHH". CB. Teo.z:~oci:H: cKa3aB Bi,D;rrpaBHTH 3a :H:oro .z:IYIIlY 3ayrroKiHHY 6orocnym6y i copoKaBoro ,D;H.fl o. BacHJih 6e3 Hi.HKo'i BH.z:IHMo'i He,D;yrn Bi,D;,D;aB y Bomi pyKH CBOIO .z:IYIIlY. TaKa rro,D;i.fl crrpannna Ha MOHaxiB BeJIHKe BpameHH.fl i cKpirrnna i'}mi:H: .z:~yx caMo3pet.IeHH.fl.

Konn 6iJI.fl cB. Teo.z:~oci.H mnno 12 MOHaxiB, cTaJIOCh TaK, :r.u;o Ha caMHH BeJIHK,D;eHh He BHCTat.IHJIO 1M xni6a, HaBiTh He 6yno rrpoc<lJopH ,D;JI.fl Bi,D;rrpaBH Cnym6H Bomo'i. ,[(e.HKi MOHaxH cTaJIH HapiKaTH, Ta CB.HTHH Hara,D;aB 1M rrpo Bora :H: rroTilllHB i:x, :r.u;o He6ecHHH 0Ten;h He 3a6y.z:~e rrpo HHX. I crrpaB,D;i, He3a6apoM rrpncnaB 1M .fiKHHCh .z:~o6pot.IHHen;h yc.HKO'i rroa<HBH. CB.HTiCTh i t.Iy,D;a cB. Teo.z:~oci.H rrpHT.HryBaJIH 6araTo yt.IHiB, :r.u;o 6amaJIH B MOHallloMy a<HTTi cnymHTH Bor6i. OcKiJihKH IIet.Iepa He MOrna IIOMiCTHTH BCiX 6amaiOl.J:HX, CB. TeO,D;OCiH BHpilllHB rrocTaBHTH HOBHH BeJIHKHH MOHaCTHp. Bamarot.IH ,D;i3HaTHCh, B .HKOMY Micu;i Bar 6amaB 6n MaTH TOM MOHaCTHp i u;epKBy, B3.fiB cB. Teo.z:~oci:H: Ka,D;HJihHHll;IO HacnrraB ByriJIJI.fl :H: na,D;aHy, ane 6e3 mapy, i rrot.IaB xo,D;HTH no rroJii Ta rrpocHTH Bora, :r.u;o6 caM rroKa3aB, .z:~e 6y,D;yBaTH. B O.z:IHOMY Micu;i, :r.u;o Ha3HBanoch KaTH3M, rro6JIH3Y Bn<PneeMa, ByriJIJI.fl B Ka,D;HJihHHn;i po3ropinoch i Bropy rri,D;H.fiBC.fl MHJIHH 3arrax na,D;aHy. To 6yB 3HaK Bi,D; Bora, Te Micu;e BiH BH6paB, :r.u;o6 3Bi,D;TH rri,D;HOCHJIHCh .z:~o He6a rraxo:r.u;i Be3KpOBHa'i JRepTBH :H: MaHalllHX t.IeCHOT. Konn 3aKiHt.IHJiach 6y,D;oBa, MOHaCTHp HaiiOBHHJIH II060a<Hi t.IeHn;i. IlpH MOHaCTHpi 6yJIO 4 u;epKBH. B rrepllli:H: 3 HHX 6yna rpen;hKa Bi,D;rrpaBa; B .z:~pyri:H: cxo,D;HJIHCh BipMeHH, apa6n :H: rrepcn; B TpeTi:H: 6eccn 3 Ha,D;,D;yHaHChKHX OKOJIHll;h, a Mia< HHMH H MOHaXH CJIOB 0 .fiHChKOrO rroxo.z:~meHH.fl. KomHa Han;i.fl MaJia B cBo'i:H: u;epKBi CBOIO Bi,D;rrpaBy am ,[10 €BaHreJii.fl, a IIOTiM CXO,LIHJIHCh yci ,[10 rpell;hKOl n;epKBH, .z:~e 6ynn Bme .z:~o KiHn;.fl Cnym6n Bomo'i :H: yci pa3aM rrpHcTyrraJIH ,[10 CB. IlpHt.IaCT.fl. "lleTBepTa n;epKBa 6yna ,LIJI.fl THX, I.I.J;O Bi,D;6yBaJIH rrpHJIIO.z:IHY rroKyTy, a TaKom BH3,D;opoBn;iB 3 nyHaTH3MY :H: yTpaTH po3yMy, :r.u;o, ~K TO,D;i ,D;yMaJIH, 6yJio .z:~inoM 3Jiaro .z:~yxa :H: KapoiO

73

"'

11

il

CiYHH

3a Hap;MipHe BMepTBiHH.H; TaM BOHH B noKa.HHHi O'lJHIUaJIHC.f.l. fipH MOHaCTHpi 6yJIH TpH npHTYJIKH: O,D;HH ,D;JI.f.l Hep;ymHX, p;pyrHH .D;JI.f.l CTapHX i HeMi'lJHHX, TpeTiH ,ll;JI.f.l OOmeBiJihHHX, ,o;e BciM p;aBaJIH B'llaCHY ,n;onoMory i ,n;yxoBHY ni,n;TpHMKy. EyJIH TaM TaKom i rOCTHHHD;i ,D;JI.f.l nop;opomHiX . .5JKIIJ;O He BHCTa'lJaJIO xap'lliB ,D;JI.f.l Bcix rocTeM:, CHJihHa Bipa M: rap.H'lla MOJIHTBa cB. Teo,n;oci.H po3MHomyBaJia 'ix 'lly,n;ecHo, .HK KOJIHCh XpncToc noMHomyBaB XJiiOH H pHOH B nyCTHHi. YBeCh MOHaCTHp BHrJI.H,D;aB, Ha'lJe MiCTO CB.f.ITHX nocepe,o; nyCTHHi, p;e naHyBaJIH Jiap;, MOB'lJaHKa, JIIOOOB i cnoKiM:.

CBiM: BeJIHKHH MOHaCTHp i Bee 'llepHe'lJe mHTT.H CB. Teo,n;oci:H: BnopR,n;KyBaB Ha 3pa30K BeJIHKoro naTpiapxa cxi.o;Horo MOHaiiioro mHTT.H CB. BacnJii.H BeJIHKoro, rn;o eTa JiiT TOMY rn;acJIHBO ~ano'llaTKyBaB cniJihHe 'llepHe'lJe mnTT.H. llpaBHJia MOHallloro mnTT.H CB. BacnJii.H cTaJIH Tenep npaBHJiaMH mHTT.H B o6nTeJii cB. Teo,n;oci.H. TaM yci MOHaxn MeiiiKaJin cniJihHO nip; o,n;HHM .o;axoM, pa3oM MOJIHJIHC.H, npnM:MaJin nomuBy, M: yce Maii:Ho HaJiemaJIO lM yciM. 3Ha'liHY 'lJaCTHHY ,D;H.f.l H HO'lli nepeoyBaJIH 'lJeHn;i Ha 6orocJiymeHHi M: cniJihHHX MOJIHTBax y n;epKBi, a y BiJihHHH 'lJaC npaD;IOBaJIH, ID;OO npHrOTyBaTH BCe noTpiOHe .D;JI.f.l mo,n;eHHOro ll)JOmHTKy, a TaKom, moo nporHaTH Bip; ce6e HY,D;hry, .f.IKY BHKJIHKae 6e3p;iJIJI.H. ,[J;yiiieiO Bcie'i o6nTeJii 6yB cB. Teo,n;ociM:, rn;o peBHiiiie 3a Bcix iHIIIHX nocJiyroByBaB 6JIHmHiM. 3 BeJIHKOlO JI106oB'IO Bi,n;Bi,n;yBaB xBopux, O'liHID;yBaB 1M paHH M: CTpynn, 3MHBaB KpoB i rHi:ti:, n;iJiyBaB i noTiiiiaB npoKameHnx, rop;yBaB i noi:B HeMi'liHHX, a BciM BH.f.IBJI.f.IB BeJIHKy JIIOOOB i p;aBaB noTpi6Hy p;OnOMOry 'lJH noTixy. CaJIIOCTiM:, 8pycaJIHMChKHH enncKon, rn;o 6a"IHB Te BeJIH:Ke ,n;iJio i1: ni3HaB CBRTiCTh CB. Teo,n;oci.H, npn3Ha'liHB M:oro HacTaBHHKOM ycix MOHaxiB y llaJieCTHHi, no.o;i6Ho .HK cB. CaBy nocTaBHB HacTaBHHKOM ycix nycTHHHHKiB. Ti ,o;Ba Eomi Bro,n;HHKH mHJIH y BeJIHKiH npH.H3Hi H 'lJ3CTO CXO,D;HJIHCh Ha cniJihHi p;yXOBHi po3MOBH. A KOJIH HacTaJIH T.HmKi 'lJacn, BOHH cniJihHO 6opoJIHCh i TepniJIH 3a npaB,n;HBY XpncToBy KaTOJIHD;hKY Bipy. CBo'iMH 6paTaMH npeno.o;o6HHM o. Teo.o;oci:ti: ynpaBJI.HB He cyBopicTJO, a Jiari,n;HiCTlO, 6y.o;y'liH npHKJia,o;oM KomHoMy. Mora cJioBa 6yJIH nOBHi CHJIH, 00 'llepe3 HhOrO npOMOBJI.HJia He JllO.D;C:bKa Myp;piCT:b, a JiacKa CB.HToro ,IJ;yxa, nip; 'lJHM npoBi,n; Bi,o;,n;aB cB. Teo,n;ocii1: yce CBO€ mHTT.f.l.

CB.HTHH 6yB o.o;Ho'llacHo TBep.o;uM: i peBHHM B o6opoHi CB. Bipn; KOJIH CBiTChKa BJiap;a XOTiJia HaCHJIJI.f.IM Bip;BepHyTH npaBOBipHHM Hapo,n; Bi,n; npaB,o;HBo'i XplicToBol I.J:epKBH, cB. Teo,n;ociM: MymHhO OOOpOH.f.IB CB. cnpaBy.

74

11

CiYHSI

l(e BHRBHJIOCb ni.u; '!ac epeTHIJ;bKHX aaxo.u;in iMnepaTopa AHacTaci.R, npHXHJibHHKa epeci MOHocpiaHTiB, ~o aa npono,u;oM €nTHXi.R 6aJiaMyTHJIH JiiD,u;eH:, Ha'ie6To XpHCTOC Man TiJibKH o,u;Hy, Bomy npHpo.u;y, 6ea JIIO,ll;CbKol. AHacTaciH: ycyHyn 3 enHcKoncbKHX npecToJiiB AHTioxi:tl:CbKoro naTpiapxa JianhiHa H: €pycaJIHM- ' CbKoro lJIJIIO, a nipHHM CHpil HaKaaan BH3HaTH 6ea6omHoro epeTHKa Cenepa. Y ni.u;noni,u;b Ha :u;e en. Teo.u;ociH: paaoM ai en.

CanoiO cTaJIH ni.u;namHo n o6opoHi npan naTpiapxa !JIJii Ta H:oro HacTynHHKa lBaHa. 3a nopa,u;oiO cno'ix .u;opa,u;HHKin iMnepaTop He 'IHHHB CllO'iaTKY HiRKOrO CllpOTHBY IJ;HM CB.RTHM MymaM, 60 BOHH MaJIH BeJIHKHH BllJIHB Ha mo,u;e:ti. Ta ni3Hiiiie npo6ynan ni,u;KynHTH en. Teo.u;ociR rpiiiiMH, ~o 'ix y neJIHKiH: cyMi nocJiaB CnRTOMY Ha .u;o6po.u;ii1:Hi :u;iJii. Cn. Teo.u;ociH: npHHHRB iMnepaTopChKHH .u;ap, ~o6 He o6pa3HTH H:oro, i poa.u;an rpoiiii y6orHM; KOJIH m AHacTaciH: npHcJian He3a6apoM en. Teo.u;ocieni ,u;JIR ni,u;nHcy epeTHIJ;bKe BH3HaHHR nipH, cno.u;inaiO'!HCb, ~o niH cTaHe Ha H:oro 6o:u;i, CBRTHH ni,u;MOBHB iMnepaToponi. Y cnoeMy JIHCTi en. Teo.u;ociH: He TiJibKH ni,u;KHHYB epeTHIJ;bKY HayKy €nTHXiR, aJie H: aa.RBHB, ~o roTonHH: i mHTTR ni.u;,u;aTH 3a npan.u;Hny XpHcTony nipy H: :u;epKny. Bi.u;nara en. T eo.u;oci.R cnpaBHJia Ha iMnepaTopa neJIHKe npameHHR. IlepeMoJKeHHH ni.u;naroiO H: CHJIOIO .u;orMaTH'iHHX ,u;oKa3in, iMnepaTop HanHcan Teo.u;oa.i-eni npHR3HOro, MHPOJII06Horo JIHCTa. TaToM: MHp He TpHnan .u;onro. He3a6apoM BHHIIIJIH iMnepaTopcbKi e,u;HKTH npoTH npanonipHHX. ,ll;i3HaBIIIHCb npo Te, CB. Teo,u;oci:ti llOKHHYB CBOIO THXY '!epHe'iy KeJiiiO H XO,ll;HB Bi,ll; MOHaCTHpR ,ll;O MOHaCTHpR, 3 MiCTa ,ll;O MiCTa, HaKa3yiO'iH nciM HenoxHTHO TpHMaTHCb nocTaHoB 'iOTHpbox BceJieHCbKHX Co6opin: HiKe:ticbKoro, l(apropo,u;cbKoro, EcpecbKoro H: Xamd,ll;OHCbKoro, Ha RKHX 6yJia nporoJioiiieHa npan,u;Hna XpHcTona nipa, a o,u;Ho'!acHo 6yJIH ocy.u;meHi repe3iapxH: ApiH:, MaKe,u;oHi:ti, HecTopiH:, ,JJ;iocKop i €nTHxiH: . A n €pycaJIHMi en. Teo.u;ociH: ni.u;namHo npononi.u;ynan 3 aMBOHa 3i6paHoMy Hapo.u;oni To,u;iiiiHe npanonipHe racJio: ".HK XTO He n pH:tl:Mae 'iOTHphox Co6opin, RK 'iOTHpbox €naHreJiii1:, HexaH: 6y.u;e npoKJIRTH:ti!" TaKa cMiJIHBa H: penHa o6opoHa en. nipH 90-JiiTHiM cTap:u;eM .u;o.u;anaJia ni.u;narH 3aJI.RKaHOMY iMnepaTOpCbKHMH e,u;HKTaMH HapO,ll;OBi. Ilpononi,u;i en. Teo.u;ociR MaJIH cnaceHHHif nnJIHB Ha Jiro,u;eH:. Bor yTnep,u;Hn cJiona CnRToro KiJibKOMa 'iy,u;aMH. O,u;HHM 3 HHX 6y Jio o.u;ymaHHR B €pycaJIHMi miHKH Bi,ll; He,u;yrH paKy, RK TiJibKH DOHa ,ll;iTKHyJiaCh o.u;emi CnRToro. AHacTaciH: nporHaB 3a Te en . Teo.u;ociR a Kparo.

O,u;HaK niH He 6yn .u;onro Ha BHrHaHHi, 6o AHacTaciH: cKopo noMep, a H:oro HacTyn.IIHK IOcTHH, npanonipHH:ti, ~o 3 npocToro no.RKa

75

12

ci4H51

,ll;llUIIOB ,li;O HaHBIUD;OrO iMnepaTOpChKOrO l.J:liHY, no:aepHyB CB. Teo,n;ocieBi Bomo.

IIicJI.H noBepHeHH.H 3 3acJiaHH.H npomHB ~e cB. Teo,n;ociM 11 JiiT ,n;yme BMepTJieHoro, cyBoporo mHTT.H. Moro noKopa 6y.11a TaKa BeJIHKa, ~0 KOJili l.J:YB cynepel.J:KY ,li;BOX MOHaXiB, na,n;aB lM ..,n;o Hir i He BCTaBaB ,li;OTli, ,li;OKli BOHli He ITOMlipliJiliCh. IHIIIliM pa3oM KHHYB CB.HTHM KJI.HTBY Ha o,n;Horo MOHaxa 3a Moro Be.JIHKY npOBliHY. 3aT.HTliH BHHyBaTeD;h CKa3aB, ~0 BiH 3i CBOrO 6oKy KH,n;ae KJI.HTBY Ha CB. Teo,n;oci.H. CB.HTHM npHMH.HB cnoKiMHO TY 3HeBary M ITOl.J:aB TaK ITOBO,ll;liTliCh, Hal.J:e 6 CnpaB,n;i Ha HhOrO HaKJiaJIH n;epKOBHY KJI.HTBY, ~06 TiJihKli TaKHM Hel.J:yBaHHM npliKJia,li;OM ITOKOpli H TepneJIHBOCTi npHBeCTli ,li;O ITOKa.HHH.H HenoKipHoro MOHaxa. IIoKipHiCTh CB.HToro yBiHl.J:aJiach ycnixoM. QcTaHHiM piK cBoro m.HTT.H npoBiB CB.HTHM y BamKiM He,n;y3i, .HKY repoMChKH 3HOCHB, noKJiaBIIIHCh Ha Bomy Bomo. Ti, ~o 6al.J:li.1Ili MOro TepniHH.H, pa,n;HJili MOMy npOCliTli y rocno,n;a ITOJierIIIeHH.H, Ta CB. Teo,n;oci:ii Ka3aB, ~o n;e 6yJio 6 HeTepneJIHBiCTIO M no36aBHJIO 6 Moro He6ecHoro BiHn;.H. IIepe,n; caMoiO cMepTIO BiH CKJIHKaB ycix 6paTiB, ,n;aB 1M OCTaHHe ITOBl.J:aHH.H M npe,n;piK 6araTO ITO)J;iM, ~0 Ma.JIH 36yTHCh no Moro cMepTi. :a,i,n;iMIIIOB CB. Teo,n;ociM ,n;o Kpa~oro mHTT.H 529 poKy, npomHBifin Ha 3eMJii 105 Jii T. Ha noxopoH CB.HToro 3iHIIIJiaCh yc.H OKOJiliD;.H; npH6YB TaKom €pyCaJiliMChKliH naTpiapx IIeTpo. IIi,n; l.J:ac caMoro noxopoHy npocJiaBnB Bor cBoro BipHoro c.11yry l.J:y,n;aMn. CB. Teo,n;oci:ii 3anoBiB ce6e noxoBaTn y TiM nel.J:epi, B .HKiM po3nol.J:nHaB cBoe Bory nocB.Hl.J:eHe mnTT.H. Ha3HBaJIOCh Te Micn;e "nel.J:epmo TphOX n;apiB", 60 B HiM HOl.J:YBaJili Tpli My,n;pen;i, .HKi npnMIIIJin 3i Cxo,n;y 3 noKJIOHOM ,n;o HOBOHapo,n;meHoro XpncTa. O,n;HH cTapiiinHa, ~o MIIIOB y noxi,n; npoTH nepciB, npocnB ,n;aTn MOMY TY BOJiociHHHD;IO, .HKY CB. Teo,n;ociM HOCHB Ha CBoeMy TiJii. CBoiO nepeMory Ha,n; BoporaMn BiH 3aB,li;.Hl.J:yBaB ,n;onoMo3i cB. Teo,n;oci.H. 12

citiHH

CB.HTA TET.HHA "3a npaBJiiHH.H pnMChKoro iMnepaTopa OJieKcaH,n;pa CeBepa )KlfB O,ll;liH CJiaBHliM pliMJI.HHliH, BliCOKliM iMnepaTOpChKliM yp.H,n;HHK, npoKOHcyJI. ByB BiH TaeMHnM xpHCTH.HHHHOM i noxpHCTH.HHChKn BHXOByBaB CBOIO ,n;ol.J:Ky TeT.HHy.

76

12

CiYH51

BoHa 6yJia .n;o6po10 i rro6omHoiD ,n;iB"<IHHOK>. He rnyKaJia 3eMHHX pa,n;o~iB y CKOIJOMHHY~HX JIJ06o~ax Ta p03Barax; i:l HeBHHHe cep:u;e HaiiOBHK>BaJIO o,n;He cep,n;e"<IHe 6amaHHR: crro.n;o6aTHCh IcycoBi. 3 JIJ06oBi .n;o Hhoro BOHa rrocTaHOBHJia .iKHTH B HerropyrneHOMY ,n;iBH:U:TBi; 3rO)l;OM 11 IIpHJiy-qHJIH ,ll;O IIOCBH"<IeHHX Bory miHoK-,n;HRKOHic pHMCbK01 IJ;epKBH, ~0 CJIY.iKHJIH ,n;iJiaMH MHJIOCep,n;R. Xo"<I iMrrepaTop CeBep .n;o3BoJIRB XpHCTHRHaM BH3HaBaTH 1xHID Bipy (6o iforo caMoro BHXOByBaJia 3aMOJIO,n;y IIOXpHCTHRHCbKH iforo MaTH lOJiiR MaMMeR), Ta He 3a6opoHRB ypR,ll;HHKaM rrepeCJii,n;yBaTH xpHCTHRH. O,n;HHM 3 HHX 6yB rrpec:]leKT PHMa Y JihMiRH. ,D;oBi,n;aBrnHch, ~o TeTRHa XpHCTHRHKa, HaKa3aB IIpHBeCTH 11 .n;o Hhoro, .n;e rrpo6yBaB BMOBHTH 11 ,ll;O Bi)l;CTYIICTBa Bi,n; XpHcTa, ~o6 B6eperTH MOJio,n;y, a .n;o Taro ~e Ha,n;3BH"<Iai1:Ho rapHy .n;iB"<IHHY Bi,n; CMepTi. Ta cB. TeTRHa MY.iKHhO Bi,n;KHHyJia CB. TETRHA Bci iforo HaMOBH. Po3JIK>"<IeHHM rrpec:]leKT HaKa3aB My"'IHTH ll pi3HHMH crroco6aMH, a KOJIH Bar -qy,n;oM rroBepTaB 1i1: 3,n;opoB'R, HaKa3aB Bi,n;py6aTH cB. TeTRHi MeqeM roJioBy. Pa3oM 3 ,n;o"<IKOID 3arHHYB i 6aTbKO, "<IHR Bipa B XpHcTa CTaJia Bi,n;oMa My-qHTeJieBi. Meq rrpHBiB o,n;Horo ,n;HR 6aTbKa i1: ,n;oqJ<y rrepe.n; rrpecToJI XpHcTa-IJ;apR. CTaJIOCR :u;e 6JIH3hKO 225 poKy. lcTopiR cB. TeTRHH rro.n;i6Ha .n;o .iKHTTR CB. MapTHHH i1: IlpHCKHJIH, TOMY He Bi,n;oMo, RKa 3 HHX rrpaB,n;HBa. MomJIHBO, O,ll;Ha if Ta CaMa CB. My"<IeHH:U:R 6yJia Ha3BaHa B pi3HHX Mic:u;eBOCTRX pi3HHMH iMeHaMH .

..

13

Ci'lHSl

CBHTI €PMHJI I CTPATOHIK • CTaBIIIH 308 poKy pHMChKHM iMrrepaTopoM, JliKHHiil IIO'l[aB rrepecJii.n;ynaTH xpncTHRH. O.n;Horo ,li;HR iloMy .n;oHeCJIH, m;o ,li;HRKOH Ha iM' R €pMHJI ni.n;.n;anHa cJiy.iKHTh XpncToBi il BHCMiroe iMrrepaTOpChKi HaKa3H: Ta rroraHCbKHX 6oriB. JliKHHiH HaKa3aB Hera:fmo ni.n;HaHTH €pMHJia i rrpnnecTH iloro .n;o Hhoro. BoRKH 3acTaJin iloro Ha MOJIHTBi. €pMHJI oxo'l[e ni.n;.n;ancR 1M y pyKn. Ha cy.n;i crrnTaB iloro JliKHHiil: - CKamn MeHi, l.IH TH xpHCTHRHHH? €pMH:JI Bi,li;IIOBiB: - Bn3Hal0, m;o R He TiJihKH xpHCTHRHHH, aJie il rrocBR'l[eHnil Ha cJiy.m6y HeBH,li;HMOMY Boroni ,li;HRKOH. Ha Te iMrrepaTop: - To 6y.n;h i HaiiiHM 6oraM ,li;HRKOHOM. Cn. €pMHJI 3acMiRBCR i ni.n;rronin: - .H nme pa3 cKa3aB To6i, m;o cJiy.my Henn.n;nMoMy Boroni, a He BaiiiH:M Bll)l;HMHM 60.iKKaM, II.J;O CaMi He 6at.IaTb i He 3Hai0Tb, m;o u;e 3Hal.IH:Th 6yTH .n;HRKOHOM, 6o BOHR 6e3.n;yiiiHi il rJiyxi, TBOpH:Ba JIIO,li;CbKHX pyK, RKHX Tpe6a CKOpiiiie BllCMiiOBaTH, Hi.iK IIOKJIOHRTH:Cb ]Jtt..

Po3rHimurnil iMrrepaTop HaKa3aB 6nTH iloro 3aJii30M no Jim~i, a OIIiCJIR BKHHYTH Ha Tpll ,li;Hi ,li;O B'R3HHIJ;i 3 Ha.n;ieiO, II.J;O €pMH:JI p03KaE:TbCR y CBOlH CMiJIHBOCTi Ha iMrrepaTOpCbKOMY cy.n;i. ,l(opororo .n;o n'R3Hnu;i en. MYl.J:eHHK BHXBa.JIRB Bora 3a Te, m;o y.n;ocTo'in iloro TeprriTH 3a XpncTa. Bor rrocJian cnoro aHreJia .n;o B'R3HHIJ;i, yTiiiiH:B i yKpiiiHB CB. €pMHJia TaKH:Mll CJIOBaMH: "By.n;h CMiJIHBHH, €pMH:Jie, i He rrepecTaBaH rOBOpllTH; 3a iHIIIe He mypnch, 6o TH rrepeMomeiii MYl.J:HTeJIR il o.n;epmniii 3a cnoro MYKY CJiaBHHH BiHOK". l:!epe3 Tp¥1 .n;Hi 3HOBY IIpH:BeJIH CB. €pMHJia ,li;O JliKHHiR, RKHH crrnTaB iloro, t.IH TOM nme po3KaRBCR Ta t.IH rrpnHece mepTBY 6oraM, m;o6 n6eperTH ce6e ni.n; rrpnroToBaHo'i ,li;JIR Hhoro MYKH. Ta XpncTOBHH 6opeu;h ni.n;rronin ni.n;namHo: - IJ;aplO, R B.iKe pa3 CKa3aB T06i H Bi.n; TOro He Bi,li;CTYIIJIIO, m;o rrpn3Haro TiJibKH o.n;Horo Bora Ha He6i, .n;JIR Hboro o.n;Horo mnny, lloMy o.n;HoMy mepTBYIO ce6e il ni.n; Hboro JIHIIIe Ha.n;irocb BeJIH:KOl ,li;OIIOMOrH. i' JliKHHiH Bi,li;IIOBiB 3 rHiBOM: - Ilo6at.Iy, l.IH TBiil Bor Ha He6i .n;orroMo.me To6i!

I ni.n;pa3y HaKa3aB IIIiCThOM CHJihHHM BORKaM 6e3rroru;a.n;Ho 6HTH en. €pMHJia. B TeprriHHi CBRTHH MOJIHBCR: 'Tocrro.n;n Icyce,

78

13

CiYH~

yKpinH MeHe, ~o Tepnmo aa Te6e, ~o6 SI Mir, 6yBIIIH yqacHHKOM TBOe'i MYKH, cTaTH rip;HHM i TBoei: cJiaBH". A a He6a .n;oHiccSI rOJIOC: "AMiHh, €pMHJie~ 3a TpH )J;Hi CKiH'IaThCSI TBOl TepniHHSI, i TH op;epiKHIII 3a HHX BeJIHKY Haropop;y!"

IlotiyBIIIH u;e, CJiyrH, MOB MepTBi, nonap;aJIH Ha 3eMJilO, a CaM iMnepaTOp 3aTpeMTiB 3i CTpaxy H HaKa3aB Bi)J;BeCTH CB. €pMHJia .n;o B'SI3HHu;i nip; HarJISIA B'SI3HH'IHOro cTopoma CTpaToHiKa, SIKHH 6yB TaE:MHHM xpHCTHSIHHHOM i npHSITeJieM cB. €pMHJia. BiH cniBtiyBaB iioro TepniHHSIM i pa.n;iB ii:oro Bip;Baro:EO Ta nocTiii:HicTio, npoTe caM He MaB MYiKHOCTi Ha TaKi MYKH. KoJIH CB. €pMHJI cniBaB y B'SI3HHJJ;i CB. ncaJIOM ''rocnO)J;h- MO€ CBiTJIO H MO€ cnaciHHSI, KOrO MaiO 60SITHCSI" (Ilc 26), He6ecHe CBiTJIO OCBiTHJIO iforo, H BiH notiyB rOJIOC, ~0 3aOXO'IyBaB iforo H p;aJii Ha.n;i.HTHCSI Ha Bora.

HacTynHoro )J;HSI JliKHHiif HaKaaaB 3HOBy npHBeCTH CB. €pMHJia Ha cy.n;. TaM CBSITHH aa.HBHB, ~o 6iJihiiie Hitioro HoBoro He CKa:>Ke, TOMY iMnepaTOp MO:>Ke po6HTH Te, ~0 3ap;yMaB. PoaJIIO'IeHHH JliKHHiif HaKa3aB noBaJIHTH ii:oro Ha aeMJI:EO i1: 6HTH no :>KHBOTi naJIHJJ;SIMH, a OniCJISI poanopOTH :>KHBiT rOCTpHMH KirTSIMH. Cepep; THX TepniHh CB. €pMHJI pa3 y pa3 nOBTOp:EOBaB CJIOBa CB. ncaJIMiB (69, 83): "rocnO)J;H, npHH)J;H Ha noMi'I MeHi; rocno.n;H, nocniiiiH MeHi noMorTH. Moe cepu;e i1: Moe rl:Jw apap;iJIH :>KHBHM BoroM".

KoJIH oxopoHeu;h CTpaToHiK no6atiHB TaKy TSI:>KKY MYKY cBoro .n;pyra, He Mir BTpHMaTHCh i roJiocHo aanJiaKaB. IIo6atiHBIIIH u;e, noraHH .n;oHeCJIH iMnepaTopoBi, ~o, neBHO, i1: CTpaToHiK xpHCTHSIHHH, 6o maJiie €pMHJia. CTopoiKa BHKJIHKaJIH .n;o iMnepaTopa.

3po3yMiBIIIH, ~0 iforo KiHeJJ;h 6JIH3hKHH, CTpaTOHiK BHSIBHB TO)J;i CMiJIHBO, ~0 BiH - p;pyr CB. €pMHJia i XpHCTHSIHHH; oniCJISI ~e BHCJIOBHB noropp;y noraHChKHM 60iKKaM Ta npOCJiaBJISIB O)J;HOrO npaB)J;HBoro Bora, TBopu;SI He6a i1: aeMJii. OaBipiJIHH JliKHHiif HaKaaaB poap;SirHyTH CTpaToHiKa i 6HTH HeMHJiocep.n;Ho naJIHJJ;SIMH. B TSI:>KKHX MyKax CTpaToHiK 3BepHyBcSI .n;o cB. €pMHJia i1: npocHB: "MoJIHCh, €pMHJie, aa MeHe .n;o XpHcTa, ~o6 .n;aB MeHi CHJIY H nOCTiHHiCTh 36eperTH CB. Bipy", a u;ap.H HaCTaHOBJISIB He nOKJIOHSITHCh 6eap;yiiiHHM i)J;OJiaM Ta 60SITHCSI nOMCTH npaB)J;HBOrO Bora. CB. CTpaToHiKa 6HJIH .n;oTH, p;OKH BiH Bip; MYKH i1: o6eaCHJieHHSI He aaMOBK. To.n;i JliKHHiif HaKaaaB o6ox BKHHYTH paaoM )J;O B'SI3HHJJ;i, p;e BOHH KpinHJIHCh CB. MOJIHTBOIO: "IlOMO:>KH HaM, Bome, CnacHTeJIIO Haiii, )J;JISI cJiaBH cBoro iMeHi!" (Ilc 78). Ili.n; tiac MOJIHTBH notiyJIH BomH:ii: roJioc i o6iTHHJJ;:EO, ~o aa TepniHHSI iKp;e 'ix aaBTpamHhoro )J;HSI BitiHa Haropo.n;a.

79

14

Ci4H~

HacTyrrHoro ,o;Hsr, KOJIH cB. €pMHJI He Bi.o;piKcsr ~pncTa J:i: He IIOKJIOHHBCJ'f rroraHCbKllM 60:>KKaM, 3aHBllBIIIll, II.J;O BiH He 6oiTbCSf THX, HKi B6HBaiOTb TiJIO, a ,o;yrni He MO:>KYTb y6HTH, HaKa3aB JliKHHiJ:i: IIOBiCHTll CB. €pMHJia Ha ,o;epeBi J:i: KpaHTH TiJIO HO:>KaMH, a orricnsr aacy.o;nB :Horo Ha BTOIIJieHH.H B piti:u;i AyHalO (lcTpi).

TaKn:H caMn:H rrpncy.o; yrraB i Ha CB. CTpaToHiKa, KOJIH BiH cKaaaB, II.J;O He IIOKJIOHHThCSf i,o;oJiaM i XOtie 6yTH pa30M 3i CBOlM cB . .o;pyroM €pMHJIOM. IIicnsr Taro rrpHBeJIH BOHKH o6ox cB . .o;pyaiB Ha AyHa:H, BKJiaJIH :ix .o;o ciTe:H i BKHHYJIH y Bo.o;y. TaK pitiKa IIpllHHHJia pa30M lXHi TiJia, a He6o - CBHTi ,o;ymi.

TpeThoro .o;Hsr 3Ha:HmJIH rro6omHi xpHCTHRHH i:xHi Tina Ha 6epeai rro6nnay MicTa CnHI'n.o;oHa B ropirnHi:H MecciHi, .o;e 3 BeJIHKOIO IIOlllaHOIO IIOXOBaJIH B O)l;HOMY CIIiJihHOMY rpo6i CB. MYtieHHKiB, II.J;O 3a :>KHTTJ'f MaJIH CIIiJihHY Bipy H MYKH 3a He:i, a rio CMepTi - BitiHe :r.u;aCTSf B He6i.

14

Ci'IH.R:

CBHTI CHHAHCbKI H PAITCbKI OT~I Y rrycTnHi H_~ ~epBOHHM MopeM, He,o;aJieKo Bi.o; ropH CHHalO, Ha srKi:H Bar .o;atr CB. rrpopoKoBi Mo:HceeBi cBo:i cB. aarroBi.n;i, :>KHJIH B rreplllMX BiKaX XpHCTMSfHCTBa II060:>KHi MOHaXM-IIYCTHHHllKM. BMaHatiaJIMCh BOHH BeJIHKOIO a.o;epmJIHBicTIO, 6o He B:>KHBaJIM Hi xni6a, Hi :>KMpy, Hi BHHa, a :>KMBMJIHCh rrepeBa:>KHO cpir'aMn. YBecb TM:>K)l;eHh BOHH MOJIHJIHCb ITO CBOlX KeJiiHX, a B cy6oTy BBetiepi CXO,LJ;HJIHCb pa30M )1;0 n;epKBH Ha CB. CIIOBi)l;h i MOJIMTBy, B SfKiH rrpo6yBaJIM BCIO Hill; y He)l;iJIIO BpaHn;i 6yJIM BCi Ha CIIiJihHiH CJiym6i Bomi:H i rrpHcTyrraJIM .o;o CB. llpHtiacTsr, rricJisr tiara BepTaJIHCb 3HOBY )1;0 6orOMiJihHOrO :>KHTTSf ITO CBOlX KeJiiHX. BJIH3hKO 371 poKy Harrana Ha CMHaHchKHX oTn;iB BaTara ,ll;HKHX apa6CbKHX capan;HHiB B Ha)l;il 3HaHTH y HHX 6araTO 30JIOTa; He 3Ha:HmoBmn, o.o;HaK, Hitioro :u;iHHoro, BOHH B6nnn 38 Bomnx yro.o;HHKiB. TiJihKH ,o;Ba MOHaxn aaJIHlllHJIHCh :>KMBHMH, aJie o.n;HH 3 HMX IIOMep Bi)l; paH HaCTYIIHOl HOtii, a COpOKOBHH, II.J;O 6yB Jierme IIOpaHeHHH, CaM IIpOCMB focrro.o;a He 3aJIHIIIaTH HOrO o.o;Horo :>KHBHM, i Bar Ha tieTBepTHH .o;eHh aa6paB .n;o ce6e i :Horo rrpaBe,o;Hy .o;yrny • .;. Taro caMoro ,o;Hsr iHrna BaTara B6HJia 40 MOHaxiB y nycTHHi Pai:Ti, :r.u;o Bi.o; CnHaHChKO:i o6nTeJii 6yna Herro.o;aJiiK. Konn pai:TChKi MOHaXH II06atiHJIH Hal3HHKiB H II036iraJIHCb )1;0 n;epKBH, ,o;e Kpi3h CJib03H IIOTilllaJIH O)l;HH O)l;HOrO H cep,o;etiHO MOJIHJI.H:Ch: "focrro.o;n, IIOMHJiy:H!", CB. iryMeH IIaBJIO cKaaaB .o;o aaCMYtieHHX

..

80

14

Ci"'H~

i CTpHBO.meHHX 'leHIJ;iB: ",[I;opori OTIJ;i H 6paTTH, Bi,li;OMO BaM yciM, ru;o 3 mo6oBi ,n;o Bani, rocrro,n;a Harnoro lcyca XpHCTa, MH IIOKHHYJIH CYE:TY CBiTy H rrepe6yBaE:MO B Hy.m,n;ermiti IIYCTHHi, 3HOCH'IH TeprreJIHBO roJio,n;, crrpary ti Hati6iJihiiiY B6oricTh, ru;o6 cTaTH rricJIH cMepTi TfaCHHKaMH He6ecHoro IJ;apcTBa . .HKru;o Ham BJia,n;HKa xoqe cKopirne 3BiJihHHTH Hac Bi,n; IJ;hOro CKopoMHHyru;oro mHTTH Ta 3JITJHTH a Co6oro, TO qoro HaM cyMyBaTH ti 6oHTHCh? qH He ro,n;HThCH HaM Jiirrrne pa,n;iTH ii: ,n;HKyBaTH MoMy? 3,n;atiMOCh, oT.me, Ha Bo.my BOJIIO ti My.mHbO rrpntiMiMo cMepTh!" IIi,n;KpirrJieHi

HAITA,ZJ; CAPAIJ;IIHIB HA l.JEHl]JB CI:IHAHChKOI OBJ:ITEJII CJIOBaMH CBOrO CBHTOrO HaCTOHTeJIH, MOHaXH B.me 3 BeCeJiiiiiHM cepn:eM O'liKyBaJIH CMepTi, ru;o MaJia 3JITJHTH 1x 3 BoroM i BCiMa CBHTHMH. THM qacoM 6aH,n;HTH rrepeJii3JIH qepe3 MYP i Ha6JIH3HJIHCh 3 Me'laMH B pyKax ,n;o n:epKBH. Ilpn ,n;BepHx n:epKBH BOHR 3YCTpiJIH H y6HJIH CTapeHhKOrO MOHaxa 8peMiiO, HKHH He XOTiB CKaaaTH IM, XTO HacT'hBHHK MOHaxiB. To,n;i iryMeH IIaBJIO cTaB rrepe,n; p036iHHHKaMH H CKa3aB:

81

路~

14

Ci4H51

- .H TOM, aa JIKHM BH TIHTaeTe. A BOHH .n;o Hhoro:

•

- CRamM HaM, .n;e BH CXOBaJIH CBOe 30JIOTO? To.n;i iryMeH Bi.n;noBiB: - IloBipTe MeHi, III;O .H B CBOeMy mHTTi He MaB Hi"'OrO, KpiM ~ie'i cTapo'i o.n;emi, III;O Ha MeHi. PoJJIIO"'eHi capa~HHH no"'aJIH CTpiJI.HTH B Hhoro 3 JiyKiB, a BKiHn;i poapy6aJIH :HoMy roJioBy Ha,n;Boe. OnicJI.fl B6irJIH 3 BeJIHKHM BepeCKOM )];0 ~epKBH H 6e3 MHJIOCep.n;.H TIOB6HBaJIH BCiX MOHaXiB. TiJihKH o.n;HH MOJIO,ll;HH "'epHe~h III;aCJIHBO Bp.HTyBaBc.H, aaxoBaBIIIHCh Mim raJiy33.fiM ¢ir'oBoro .n;epeBa; poa6i:HHHKH He no6a"'HJIH HOrO, XO"' peTeJihHO 06IIIyKaJIH BeCh MOHaCTHp, IIIyKaiO"'H 30JIOTO. HaneBHo, a6epir Taro IOHaKa Ear, III;06 noxoBaB no-xpHCTH.HHChKH CBOlX 6paTiB. • KoJIH aJioqHH~i Bi.n;.n;aJIHJIHCh, MOJIO.n;H:H l:!epHe~h 3Jiia i3 .n;epeBa :H 'n o"'aB orJI.H.n;aTH no6HTHX. TpH a HHX 6yJIH mHBi; Ta o.n;HH TIOMep III;e TOrO )J;H.H Bi,ll; paH, .n;pyrHH He 6yB CMepTeJihHO nopaHeHHH i CKOpO BH)J;ymaB, a TpeTiH He 6yB 30BCiM YIIIKO,ll;meHHH, TiJihKH JiemaB Bi)J; nepeJI.HKy, .HK MepTBHH. THM qacoM po36HIIIaK Ha3.n;orHaJia cnpaBe.n;JIHBa Kapa. KoJIH npo mopcToKe B6HBCTBO npeno.n;o6HHX oT~iB y Pai:Ti .n;oBi.n;aJIHCh MeiiiKaH~i Hgit6JIHm"'OrO MiCTa <l>apaHy, TO 3i6paJIOCh 600 cTpiJih~iB, III;O no.n;aJIHCh y noroHIO 3a capa~HHaMH, .n;orHaJIH 'ix Ha 6epe3i MOp.H, .n;e 6yp.H 3aTOTIHJia lXHi KOpa6Jii, i BH6HJIH BCIO BaTary )J;O HOrH. IliCJI.H TOrO xopo6pi CTpiJihD;i npHHeCJIH 3i CBOlX ,ll;OMiB .n;opori o.n;emi, npHKpHJIH HHMH TiJia no6HTHX CB. MYl:!eHHKiB i TIOXOBaJIH lX Ji CTiiBOM TICaJIMiB i niceHh. CB. HiJih onHcaB III;e :H .n;pyre B6HBCTBO npeno.n;o6HHX oT~iB Ha CHHaHChKi:H ropi, III;O cTaJIOCh 6JIH3hKO eTa JiiT niaHiiiie.

BaTara capa~HHiB, III;O JIOBHJIH 3BipiB i MaH.n;pyBaJia B noiiiyKax HamHBH Bi)J; piKH Hop)J;aHy am )J;O €rHnTy, HanaJia O)J;Horo )J;H.fl Ha CHHaHChKY o6HTeJih, 6araThOX MOHaxiB noB6HBaJia, a iHIIIHX aa6paJia B noJioH, Mim HHMH :H Teo.n;yJia, CHHa npeno.n;o6Horo HiJIJI. TiJihKH KiJihKa MOHaxiB BTeKJIH, cepe.n; HHX :H CB. HiJih. Poa6iiiHHKH BHpiiiiHJIH aa noraHChKHM 3BH"'aeM npHHeCTH MOJIO,ll;Oro Teo.n;yJia nepe.n; CXO)J;OM COH~.H B mepTBY paHHiH 3ipHHD;i, III;O 11 BOHH BeJIHqaJIH .fiR cBoe 6omecTBo. Ta 3Be"'opa, TIOBTIHBaBIIIHCh BHHOM, CTiaJIH am )];0 CXO)J;y COH~JI i CTii3HHJIHCh ~i CBoero mepTBoro; n;e Bp.HTYBaJIO mHTTJI MOJio.n;oMy Teo.n;yJioBi. THM "'acoM npeno.n;o6HHH HiJih i :Horo Bp.HTOBaHi TOBapHIIIi BepHyJIHCh )];0 CHHaHChKOl 06HTeJii H TIOXOBaJIH TiJia B6HTHX MOHaXiB; a MeiiiKaH~i MiCTa <l>apaHa Bi.n;npaBHJIH TIOCJiiB )J;O BapBapchKoro KHH3H AMaHa 3i CKaproro Ha po36iiiHHKiB. AMaH

82

14

Ci'iH~

IIpHfiHHB IIOCJiiB rrpHH3HO, o6i:u;HB 6aH.n;y IIOKapaTH, a MemKaH:U:HM «t>apaHa .n;o3BOJIHB 3a6paTH 6e3 HiJIKoro BHKyrry cBoi:x IIOJIOHeHHX, HKI:u;O 3Hafi)J;yTh KOI'OCh MiJK JKHBHMH. IliillOB i rrperro.n;o6HHfl HiJih myKaTH cBoro CHHa Teo.n;yJia. Ta flora THM 'laCOM IIpO,ll;aJIH BJKe B HeBOJIIO )J;O MiCTa €Jiy3H; Bi.n;HaflmOB flora TaM 6aTbKO B Mic:u;eBOrO KaTOJIH:U:bKOrO E:IIHCKOIIa, I:u;O BHKYIIHB fl .n;aB rrpHTYJIOK Teo.n;yJioBi B cBoeMy .n;oMi. KoJIH errHCKOII €Jiy3H rri3HaB rro6omHiCTh i 3HaHHH rrperro.n;o6Horo HiJI.a fl Teo.n;yJia, BHCBHTHB IX o6ox Ha CBHI:u;eHHKiB i Bi)J;IIYCTHB 3 6JiarOCJIOBeHHJIM .n;o .n;aBHboi: CHHaflchKoi: o6HTeJii, .n;e o6H.n;Ba :r:u;e .n;oBri poKH BeJIH CBJITe 'lepHe'le JKHTTJI Ha Mic:u;i, OCBJI'IeHOMY KpOB'IO 6paTiBMOHaxiB. Ilo6oJKHHX 'leH:u;iB y CHHai: fl Pai:Ti capa:u;HHH B6HJIH 14 ci'IHH, i TOrO )J;HJI BillaHOBye CB. IJ;epKBa CIIiJihHO lXHIO 'leCHY IIaM'HTb.

14

Ci'IHJI

CB.HTA HIHA-XPHCTHHA Mim BHCOKHMH rpi3HHMH ropaMH KaBKa3y, B 3eJieHlH ypomaflmfl Kpai:Hi Ha.n; pi'IKOIO Kypo10 B cTapo.n;aBHi 'lacH oceJIHBCH Hapo.n; i6epiB, I:u;O IIOTiM IIO'IaB Ha3HBaTHCJI KapTBW.MH, a6o rpy3HHaMH. ByB :u;e Hapo.n; .n;o6pocep.n;HHfl, .n;o 'IYJKHH:U:iB rrpHBiTHHfl, JiacKaBHfl .n;o B6orHx Ta KaJiiK. He.n;apeMHO m 3 )J;aBHiX-)J;aBeH i rrpHCJiiB'H TaKe icHyBaJIO B TOMY KpaiO: "Ill;o TH 3aJIHillHB co6i, Te 3MapHyBaB, a :r:u;o JIIO)J;HM po3.n;aB - Te 36epir".

O.n;HaK y Ti 'lacH He 3HaJIH :r:u;e rpy3HHH BipH XpHCTOBOi: i MOJIHJIHCh ycaKHM BHra.n;aHHM 6oraM, T06To 6yJIH rroraHaMH. Ta Ha rro'laTKy, JIH60Hh, IV cTopi'I'IH no Pi3.n;Bi XpHCTOBOMY .n;o O)J;Hiei: pO)J;HHH 6araTHX TaMTemHiX KHH3iB IIpHBeJIH MOJIO)J;Y HeBiJihHH:U:IO HiHy. XTo BOHa i 3Bi)J;KH 6yJia po.n;oM, HixTo rrpo Te He 3HaB. HaflrreBHime, I:u;O IIOXO)J;HJia BOHa 3 HKOrOCb ripCbKOrO ceJia cyci.n;HhOI 3eMJii- BipMeHil. A HeBiJihHH:U:eiO, Ma6yTh, CTaJia TaK. Mim rpy3HHaMH Ta BipMeHaMH JKHB mopcTOKHfl, po36ifiHH:U:hKHfl Hapo.n; - Kyp.n;H. ByJIH BOHH .n;yme JIHXi, JKHJIH rpa6iJKHH:U:TBOM, Haiia)J;aJIH Ha BCiX cyci.n;iB, a OC06JIHBO - Ha BipMeHiB. Be3JKaJiicHo rpa6yBaJIH BOHH BipMeHChKHfl JIIO)J;, IIJIIOH.n;pyBaJin CeJia Ta Bi.n;6nBaJIH BeJIHKi OBe'li OTapn, 60 BipMeHH 6yJIU IIaCTyXaMU Ta XJii6opo6aMH. rpa6yiO'IIi MHpHi BipMeHChKi CeJia, Kyp)J;H He TiJihKH 3a6npaJIH lXHE: )J;06po, HHI:u;HJIH Ta IIaJIHJIH BCe Ha CBOE:MY illJIHJC¥, aJie CTapHX i HeMi'IHHX MemKaH:u;iB B6HBaJIH,

83

14

Ci'-IH51

a MOJIO,ll;MX i p;y:>KMX 3a6MpaJIM B IIOJIOH, ID;06 IIOTiM lJPO,ll;aTM 1X Y HeBOJIIO. Bo To,n;i no BChOMY cBiTi icHyBaJio pa6cTBO, M o,n;Hi JIIO,n;M iHIIIMX, MOB TBapMH, IIpMMYIIIYBaJIM rrpall;IOBaTM Ha ce6e.

HMoBipHiiiie 3a Bee, ru;o caMe TaKHM crroco6oM i orrHHHJiach HiHa y CBo1x rraHiB. Ma6yTh, KYIIMJIM 11 ,n;ecb Ha 6a3api, .HK TMXY oBe"'IKY, M 3a6paJIM B HeBOJIIO. A KO:>KHMM po3yMie: XO'll .HKi 6yJIM 6 p;o6pi IIaHM, a BCe O,ll;HO HeBOJI.H - T.H:>KKa pill. 3a TMX ,n;aBHiX l:JaCiB ,ll;O HeBiJibHMKiB, KyiTJieHMX, MOB TOM TOBap, CTaBMJIMCb, .HK ,ll;O TBapHH. B He,n;o6pnx rocrro,n;apiB i ro,n;yBaJIH 1x rroraHo, i rrpo Bi,ll;ITO'liMHOK 1XHiM He ,n;6aJIM, i IIOBO,ll;MJIMCb 3 HMMM, .HK 3 iCTOTaMM, 3a JIIO,ll;eM HM:>Kl:JMMM, He BapTMMM Hi :>KaJIIO, Hi CITiB'liYTT.H. 8 M iHIIIa Bepci.H, ru;o CB. HiHa 6yJia pMMCbKOIO 'llepHMI.l;eiO, .HKa rri,n; 'llac rrepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpncTM.HH 3a iMrrepaTopa ,IJ;ioKJieTiaHa BTeKJia 3 PnMa 3 rypTOM 'llepHMI.l;h ,n;o BipMeHi'i. KoJIH m 3a KopOJI.H Tipn,n;aTa rro'llaJIOCh i y BipMeHi'i roHiHH.H xpncTH.HH, cB. HiHa Bp.HTyBaJiaC.H i 3rO,ll;OM OITMHMJiaCb y rpy3i'i .HK BOE:HHa 6paHKa. BamKo 6yJIO TiM 6i,n;oJiaiiiHiM ,n;iB'liMHi cepe,n; llY:>KMX JIIO,n;eM, 60 M MOBM 1XHh01 He po3yMiJia i CB. HIHA CJIOBa pi,n;uoro Mi:>K HMMll He 'llyJia. To:rvry, KOJIM 11 crruTaJIM, .HK 11 3BaTll, BOHa, He 3p03yMiBIIIM, ID;O CaMe Bi,n; He1 XO'liYTb ,li;OBi,n;aTMCb, Bi,ll;ITOBiJia: - .ff - XpMCTli.HHKa. ra,n;aiO'lJM, ID;O llY:>KMHI.l;i rrpHMyiiiyBaTMMYTb 11 Ha 1XHIO Bipy rrepeXO,ll;MTM, 1XHiM rroraHCbKMM 6oraM MOJIMTMCb, BOHa Bpa3 CITOBiCTMJia, ID;O iHIIIOMY BoroBi CJIY:>KMTb i Bi,n; BipM CBOel IlfJaB,ll;MB01 He Bi,ll;CTYITMTb, XO'lla 6 i ,ll;OBeJIOCb 3a Te 3a3HaTM MyK, TOPTYP 'liM M caMo1 cMepTi. Boua - xpHCTM.HHKa! ..

O,n;uaK TMM rraHaM 6yJio 6aM,n;yme ,n;o Bipn 'ixHho1 HeBiJihHHu;i.

A TOrO, ID;O BOHa 1M CKa3aTM XOTiJia, BOHM He 3p03yMiJIM,

84

14

Ci'lHH

ra,n;a.K>"LIH, :m;o BOHa 1M cBoe iM' H roBopHTb, Ta H: rro"LiarrH HiHy 3BaTH XpHCTHSIHOlO a6o XpHCTHHOIO. Ilpau;JOBarra HiHa~XpHCTHHa He rroKJia,n;aiD"LIH pyK. BHKOHYBarra He JIHIIIe CBOIO po6oTy, a :m;e

H

CBOIM TOBapHIIIaM, 6i,n;HHM

HeBiJihHHKaM, "LIHM MOrJia, ,n;orroMaraJia.

A

B Tift cBo'iH: rrpau;i

TSI:amift, B CaMiTHOCTi HeBeCeJiift Ta B Ty3i KpHBaBiM 3a KpaeM CBOIM pi,n;HHM 3HaXO,D;HJia BTiXy B MOJIHTBi Ta B MipKyBaHHSIX i po3.n;yMyBaHHSIX rrpo MYKH XpHcToBi, rrpo CTpam,n;aHHSI Taro, :m;o He TiJihKH caM Ha 3eMJii rrpau;IDBaB, a :m;e H: TOPTYPH Ta cMepTb cTpa,n;HHIJ;bKY rrpHMHSIB 3a JIIO,D;ChKi rpixH.

I,

,n;yMalO"LIH

IIpO Te, IIOKipHO HeCJia HeBiJibHliiJ;SI-6paHKa CBOlO He,D;OJIIO ripKy, THXO, CJIYXHSIHO Ta CyMJiiHHO BliKOHyBaJia BOHa rrpau;JO CBOIO. I'i Jiari.n;Hy B,n;a-qy Ta ,n;HBHY rroKopy rroMiTHJIH HacaMrrepe,n; iHIIIi HeBiJibHHKH, IIOIIJii"LI 3 SIKHMH ,D;OBeJIOCb lM rrpau;JOBaTH. BpamaJia 'ix JiacKaBiCTb Ta ,n;o6poTa 11; HiHa KomHoMy oxo-qe ,D;OIIOMaraJia, HaMararraCb yciM 3p06HTli IIOCJiyry, a ,D;JISI ce6e CaMOl Hi"Lioro He BHMaraJia,

yciM 6yJia 3a,n;oBoJieHa, 3a Bee rocrro,n;a

Bora XBaJIHJia. 3

"LiacoM, KOJIH Bme rro"LiaJia HiHa -qymy MOBY po3yMiTH H:

CaMa BMiJia CKa3aTH, :m;o XOTiJia, IIO'!aJia BOHa p03IIOBi,D;aTH iHIIIHM HeBiJibHHKaM Ta rrpOCTHM JIIO,D;SIM rrpo XpliCTHSIHCbKY Bipy.

IlO"LiaJia IX CTpHMyBaTH Bi,n; He,n;o6pHX B'IliHKiB, CBa:wtll Ta 6iftKH; B"LIHJia 6yTH -qecHHMH Ta crrpaBe,n;JIHBHMH. HeBiJihHHKH, 6atiatiH, SIKa BOHa ,n;o6pa Ta MHJia, SIK CaMa BliKOHye BCe Te, "LIOrO iHIIIHX HaBtiae, IIO'Ia.Jlli CTaBHTHCb ,D;O Hel 3 IIOIIIaHOIO. 0co6JIHBO 3a Te, :m;o IIpliMHSIJia BOHa o6iTHlil.J;lO ,n;iBHIJ;TBa

H 36epirarra CBOlO "LIHCTOTY

Ta He,D;OTOpKaHiCTb ,n;iBO"LIY ••.

3a CTapHX qaciB i6epiMCbKHM miHKaM mHJIOCSI BeJibMli TSimKO. Haftripiiie 6yJIO Te, :m;o He MaJIH BOHR HiSIKOl BOJii, a 3a 3a.KOHaMH. CBOrO KpalO 3aBm,D;H B KOrOCb 6yJIH B IIOCJiyxy. ,[(iB"LiaTa po6HJIH TiJibKli Te, :m;o BeJiiJIH lM 6aTbKli. 3aMimHi MyCiJIH B YCbOMY KOPHTHCSI BOJii qoJioBiKiB. HaBiTh MaTepi Ta B,D;OBH y po,n;HHHHX crrpaBaX He MaJIH rOJIOCy, a IIOBHHHi 6yJIH KOpliTHCSI HaKa3aM CTapiiioro CBOrO CHHa. ToMy Haft6iJihiiie TaM IIIaHyBaJIH THX ,n;iB'IaT, SIKi CKJia,ZJ;a.Jlli

H ,D;OTpliMYBaJili o6iTHlil.l;lO ,n;iBHIJ;TBa.

0Tom,

rroBamaJIH HiHy, ,n;apMa, :m;o BOHa 6yJia 6i,n;Hol0 -qymHHKOl06paHKOID.

A BOHa cBo'iM -qecHHM mHTTSIM,

CTapaHHOlO rrpau;eiD Ta MHJIOID

H: THXOID B,n;aqeJO Bee 6iJibiiie H: 6iJihiiie rrpHBepTaJia

,n;o ce6e

JIID.n;eft. He TiJihKH Bme cJiyrH rraHChKi Ta cyci,n;H B6ori CTaBHJIHCh ,D;O Hel 3 IIOIIIaHOlO, a

H

CaMi rraHH IIO'IaJIH IIOMitiaTH, :m;o He

TaKa BOHa, SIK yci iHIIIi HeBiJibHHIJ;i. rroBO,D;HTHCb,

~eMOB6H

I

CTaJIH JilO,D;SIHiiiie 3 HelO

6yJia BOHa He KyrrJieHa, a BiJibHa. Ix

85

"'

14

CiYHS'l

,ll;HByBaJio: RK MOme TaKa MOJIO,ll;a ,n;iB"tJHHa npOB~,ll;HTH )KlfTTR CBRTe, HiRKHMH p03BaraMH He :U:iKaBHTHCh, HaBiTh Hi"tJOrO KpaiiJ;Oro ,ll;JIR ce6e He 6amaTH! I nHTaJIH BOHH i:=i, "tJOMY BOHa TaK mHBe. - Ta m R xpHCTHRHKa, - Bi,n;noBi,n;aJia ,n;iB"tJHHa. - TaKHM mHTTRM R TiJihKH 11: Momy cJiymHTH cBoeMy BoroBi - IcycoBi XpHcTy. KomHHH, xTo 3BeThCR xpHCTHRHHHOM, noBHHeH mHTH TaK, RK mHB Icyc XpHcToc, 6o m Harna Bipa BHMarae He TiJihKH MOJIHTOB Ta nornaHH ,n;o Bora, a RKHal1:6iJihllie ,n;o6pHx B"tJHHKiB, mHTTR npaBe,ll;HOrO. BoHa 1M po3noBi,n;ana, xTo TaKHH XpHcToc, RK npHH:rnoB BiH Ha 3eMJIIO, TBOpHB -qy,n;eca, HaB"tJaB :I1: npHHHRB ,n;o6poBiJihHO XpecHy MyKy, IIJ;06 Bi,n; Bi"tJHOl CMepTi JIIO,ll;CTBO BHKynHTH Ta ,ll;O BQra HaBepHyTH. YBamHo cJiyxaJIH HiHy Ti JIIO,ll;H. I 3BopyrnyBaJIH 'ixHi cep:o:R Ti CBRTi onoBi,n;i. BOHH, MipKyiO"tJH Ha,n; THM, IIJ;O rOBOpHJia lM HeBiJihHH:U:R, BH3HaBaJIH, IIJ;O B ll CJIOBaX - npaB,n;a. IlOBipHBIIlH B XpHcTa, cTaJIH 11: caMi XpHCTOBY HayKy nornHpiOBaTH, po3noBi,n;aro"tJH npo He'i CBOIM 3Hal1:oMHM Ta cyci,n;aM. OT i po3HecJiaCh ,n;aJieKo no rpy3HHChKil1: 3eMJii BiCTKa npo ,ll;HBOBHmHy H~iJihHH:U:IO-XpHCTHRHKY, IIJ;O mHBe npaBe,ll;HHM mHTTRM Ta H iHIIlHX JIIO,ll;eH TOrO m HaB"tJa€.

Am ocb cTaJIOCh TaKe. TRmKo 3aHe,n;ymaJia B o,n;Hie'i ceJIRHKH MaJieHhKa ,ll;HTHHa. l.J:oro TiJihKH Ta 6i,n;oJialliHa MaTH He po6HJia, - HiiiJ;o He ,n;onoMaraJio. OT i nirnJia BOHa 3 xaTH ,n;o xaTH, RK :o:e € B 3BH"tJaiO Tiel KpalHH IIJ;e H ,ll;OCi, nHTaTH B ycix pa,n;HnOMO"tJi. TaK ,n;iH:rnJia 11: ,n;o HiHH-XpHCTHHH. -He 3Haro R, - cKa3aJia 111: HiHa, - JIIO,ll;ChKHX JiiKiB. Arre cnpaBmHR XpHcTOBa Bipa 11: ropH nepecyBae. A MiH: rocno,n;h, Icyc XpHcToc, He TiJihKH xBopHM ,n;onoMaraB Ta 3,n;opoB'R 1M noBepTaB, a HaBiTh i MepTBHX 3 MorHJIH ni,n;HiMaB. To m noMOJIIOCh R MoMy, MHJiocep,n;HoMy, Mome, 3rJIRHeThCR BiH Ha TBO€ rope H 3:U:iJIHTh TBOIO XBOpy ,ll;HTHHY. 3 THMH CJIOBaMH B3RJia BOHa HeMi"tJHe MaJIRTKO, nOKJiaJia H:oro Ha cBoe B6ore JiimKo, ,n;o6pe BKPHJia H:oro oBe"tJHM KomylliKOM, IIJ;06 BOHO He TpyCHJIOCR, a CaMa CTaJia HaBKOJiiiiiKH 11: noqaJia MOJIHTHCb. I BHCJiyxaB JiaCKaBHM rocno,n;b IIJ;HPY ~OJIHTBY CBRTOl ,n;iBH:U:i - Bpa3 noJierrnaJIO ,ll;HTHH:U:i, a 3I'O,ll;OM i 30BCiM BOHa O"tJYHRJia, HeMOB i He XBOpiJia. OT To,n;i Bme nirnoB cnpaBmHiH: po3.roJioc npo HiHyXpHCTHHY no BciH: Kpa1Hi i6epiB. O,n;HH o,n;HoMy po3noBi,n;aJIH JIIO,ll;H npo ,n;iB"tJHHY, IIJ;O He TiJihKH TaKe ,ll;HBOBHmHe mHTTR

86

14

CiYHR

rrpoBa,n;HTh, a HaBiTh cBqero MOJIHTBOIO xBopHx BHJiiKoBye. Ta i1: ,ll;OKOTHJiaCH Ta BiCTKa am ,ll;O KOpOJiiBCbKOrO IIaJia:u;y.

A 6yB To,n;i rpy3HHCbKHM :u;apeM MipiHH, JIIO,ll;HHa ,n;o6po1 Ta MHJiocep,n;Ho1 B,n;a'(Ii. MaB BiH ,n;pymHHY, :rn;o Bme ,n;aBHO xBopiJia Ha BamKy He,n;yry. JCJIH:KaJIH ,ll;O He1 BCHKHX JiiKapiB: i CB01X, i "llymHHII;iB CJiaBH03BiCHHX, Ta He MOrJIH BOHH 11 He,n;yrH 3II;iJIHTH . .HK 3a"llyJia BOJio,n;apKa, ,n;pymHHa MipiHHOBa, rrpo HiHyXpHCTHHY, TO 3ama,n;aJia, :rn;o6 rrpnBeJIH ,n;o He1 TY rrpaBe,n;Hy ,n;iB"llllHY. IlpH6yJIH ,n;o HiHH :u;apchKi rrocJiaH:u;i, BeJiiJIH 1i1: iTH ,n;o :u;apH:u;i.

Ta 6yJia ,n;iB"liHHa copoM' H3JIHBa, a, Mome, rraHH He xoTiJIH, :rn;o6 BOHa HIIIJia ,n;o IIaJian;y y ,n;paHTi HeBiJibHHII;bKOMy, Ta ll IIO"llaJIH 1i1: roTyBaTH o,n;Hr. THM "llacoM xBopa :u;apn:u;H ,n;oBro He "lleKaJia: HK:rn;o "lly,n;o,n;ii1:Ha 6paHKa He ii,n;e ,n;o He1, BOHa caMa rri,n;e ,n;o HiHH. IlpHBe3JIH :u;apHII;IO ,ll;O Tiel XaTHHKH, ,n;e mHJia ,n;iB"liHHa. 3arrpOCHBIIIH 11 ,ll;O CBOrO IIOMeiiiKaHHH, HiHa IIOKJiaJia XBOpy Ha CBO€ JiimKO, HK rrepe,n; THM IIOKJiaJia HeMi"liHY ,ll;HTHHy, CaMa CTaJia HaBKOJiiiiiKH ll IIO"llaJia MOJIHTHCb. l 3HOBY CTaJIOCb ,ll;HBO! IIJ;e if MOJIHTBH CBOel HiHa He ,n;oKiH"liHJia, a Bme Bi,n;"llyJia :u;apH:u;H, :gr.o 6oJii 11 BID;yXaiOTb, He,n;yra MHHaE:, 3,ll;OpOB'H BepTaE:TbCH. 3fra,n;iJia BOHa 6e3MipHo. BaraTi rro,n;apyHKH ,n;aBaJia 6i,n;Hii1: HeBiJihHH:u;i, Ta TiJibKH ,n;iB"liHHa Hi"liOrO He B3HJia. - HaBi:rn;o MeHi Bee Te? - Bi,n;Ka3aJia. - .H 6araTIIIa 3a Bcix 3eMHHx :u;apiB, 6o MaiO Haii,n;oporo:u;iHHiiiiy pi"ll, ,n;opom"lly 3a Bci CKap6H - Bipy B rocrro,n;a Moro, CrraCHTeJIH, Icyca XpHCTa. Ilo"llaJia :u;apH:u;H rrpocHTH, :rn;o6 HiHa i 11 HaB"liHJia HayKH XpHcToBol. 3pa,n;iJia BeJihMH ,n;iB"liHHa, po3rroBiJia :u;apn:u;i rrpo rrpaB,n;HBY Bipy i Bpa3 HaBepHyJia ,n;o He1 rroraHChKY :u;apn:u;ro . .IJ:yme BTiiiiHBH :u;ap MipiHH, KOJIH rroBepHyJiaCb ,n;o,n;oMy iioro ,n;pymHHa 3,n;opoBOIO. IlpHrraJIH iioMy ,n;o ,n;yiiii i1: Ti pe"lli, :rn;o 1x rro"llyJia :u;apH:u;H Bi,n; HiHH, xoTiB BiH i caM CTaTH xpHCTHHHHHOM, HK ,n;pymHHa HOrO, Ta BaraBCH, 60 He 3HaB, HK IIOCTaBHTbC.ff ,ll;O HbOrO Hapo,n;, HKID;O "3pa,n;HTb" BiH CB01X IIOraHCbKHX 6oriB. Ta ocb o,n;Horo pa3y TparrHJiacb 3 MipiHHOM TaKa rrpnro,n;a.

BH6paBcH :u;ap Ha JIOBH. 3paHKY ,n;eHb 6yB coHH"liHHH, rapHHH, am paiiTOM 3aCTYIIHJIH He6o "liOpHi XMapH, BMHTb, HK :u;e 6yBa€ B THX KpaHX, BCe IIOTeMHiJIO, 3arypKOTiB rpiM, 3aiiaJiaXKOTiJIH rpi3Hi 6JIHCKaBHII;i. Bi,n; cTpaiiiHo1 rpoMOBH:u;i 3 xypTOBHHOIO CTaJIO B ropax 30BCiM TeMHO- cBiTy 6iJioro He 6yJio BH,n;Ho. A MipiHH 6yB IIOIIepe,n;y BciX MHCJIHBII;iB, Bi,n;6HBC.ff Bi,n; rypTy ll OIIHHHBCH B He6e3IIe"liHOMY Mic:u;i, ,n;e ll y,n;eHb Tpe6a 6yJIO MaTH HeMaJIO

87

14

Ci'lHs:l

BMiJIOCTi Ta CMiJII:IBOCTi, ~06 .HKOCb ~aCJHIBO 3Bi,ATli BH6paTHCb. MapHo KJIHKaB BiH Ha ,AorroMory . .IJ:apeMHO cypMHB y TYP.H'IHH pir. Xi6a m MomHa 6yJio rroKpHTH oTe cTpanme rypKoTiHH.H, ~o peBiJio Ta ryJI.HJIO rroMim KaBKa3bKHX y~emm Ta rrpoBaJib? ..

A THM qacoM ,AO~ JIHB MOB 3 Bi,Apa . .IJ:e 6yJIH xoq .HKich cTemetiKH, Terrep TiJibKH IIOTOKH liiaJieHi rypKOTiJIH Ta 6iJIHM liiYMOM BH6JIHCKyBaJIH, KOJIH 'IOpHHM, .HK 6e30,AH.H, He60M IIpOJiiTaB cpiaJIKOBHH 'IH 3eJieHKyBaTHH 6JIHCK BOrH.HHOl CTpiJIH. Qap.H OXOIIHB max . .IJ:yMaB, ~0 rrpHHliiJia Bme HOrO OCTaHH.H ro,AHHa, - He 3iHTH :H:oMy mHBHM 3 Tie'i cKeJii, ,AO .HKo'i BiH 3i CBOlM KOHeM IIpHTYJIHBC.H; MOB rra~a "<!OpHa, p033.HBHJiaCb IIi,A HHM 6e30,AH.H, B .HKY KOH.H IIOTOKOM IIi,AMHBaJIO. I 3ra,AaB BiH TO.Ai rrpo Bem·IKoro Bora, rrpo .HKoro :H:oMy ,ApymHHa roBopHJia. I rrotiaB BiH MOJIHTHC.H XpHcToBi, ~o6 yp.HTyBaB :H:oro Bi.A cMepTi, .HK '3BiJibHHB HOrO ,ApymHHY Bi,A CMepTeJibHOl He,AyrH. MoJIHBC.H u;ap Mipi.HH, rocrro,Aa 6JiaraB ... A 6yp.H IIO"<IaJia CTHXaTH, "<IOpHi XMapH Bpa3 po3CTYIIHJIHC.H, i paiiTOM 3aC.H.HJIO .HCHe COHe"<IKO. macJIHBO BH6paBC.H 3 y~eJIHHH Mipi.HH, o6,AHBHBC.H HaBKOJio, am yme IAYTb :H:oMy Ha3ycTpi"<I :H:oro BipHi cJiyrH. I rroBipHB TO.Ai u;ap i6epi:H:chKHH y BceMoryTHIO Bomy CHJIY. A .HK rroBepHyBc.H ,AO,AOMY, Hera:H:Ho rrocJiaB no HiHy, ~ IIOIIpOCHB 11 -:faJIHliiHTHC.H B naJiai.J;l Ta HaB'IHTH HOrO XpHCTH.HHCbKOl Bipn.

A ocKiJihKH ,AiB'InHa Bme ,AaBHO mnJia B cBo'ix rraHiB He .HK HeBiJibHHI.J;.H, a MOB "<IJieH lXHbOl pO,AHHH, TO MOrJia BBOJIHTH BOJIIO u;apeBy. JinrnHJiach rrpn ,ABopi :H: rrpoBa,AnJia TaM HayKy XpncToBy, BHXBaJI.HIO"<IH rocrro,Aa, ~o HaBepHyB .AO ce6e cepu;.H u;ap.H i u;apnu;i.

To,Ai Mapi.HH Bi,ArrpaBnB rrocJiiB ,AO u;ap.H KoHcTaHTnHa BeJinKoro, ~o6 TOR rrpncJiaB :H:oMy xpncTn.HHChKnx CB.H~eHnKiB, .HKi 6 MorJin oxpncTnTn :H:oro Ta yBecb i6epi:H:cbKHH Hapo,A. Terrep yme Mipi.HH He 6o.HBC.H, ~o He 3aXO"<IYTb Toro JIIO,AH, TOMY ~o 6araTo 6yJio TaKnx, ~o Bme rrpn:H:H.HJIH Bipy Bi.A rrpaBe,AHOI HiHH i caMi 6amaJIH xpn~eHH.H. He 'IHHHJIH u;apeBi orropy i rrpn6itiHnKn - rrpH,ABOpHi Ta liiJI.HXTa, 60 H BOHR Bme paHiliie qyJIH rrpo Bipy XpncToBy. KoJin m rrpH6yJin Bi.A KoHcTaHTnHa CB.H~eHnKn :H: Bi,A6yJIOC.H xpn~eHH.R rpy3nHiB, 3aKJiaB Mipi.RH y cBo'i:H: CTOJIHI.J;i THcpJiici rreprny XpHCTH.RHCbKY :o;epKBy. ·~ TaK u;iJiy Kpa'iHy, yBecb Hapo,A HaBepHyJia .AO xpHCTH.HHCbKO'i Bipn 6i,AHa HeBiJibHHI.J;.H-6paHKa, HaBiTb crrpaBmHe iM'.R .RKOl He 6yJio TOMy HapO,AOBi Bi,AOMe. 3a TaKy BeJIHKy 3aCJiyry HiHH rrepe,A Bipmo xpncTH.RHCbKOIO CB.RTa QepKBa HaHMeHyBaJia 'i'i PiBHoarroc••••

88

•

u

14

cii.4H~

TOJibHOIO, 6o m, .HK yqHi XpiiCTOBi, arrocTOJIII, TaK caMo li BOHa IIOIIIIIpiOBaJia rrpaBAHBY Bipy IIOMim JIIOAbMII. Y ci :u;i BiAOMOCTi JanIIcaB CB.HIIJ;eHIIK PyqmH AKBiJielicbKIIli BiA Mipi.HHOBoro CIIHa. ..

KoJIII B fpy3ii: Bme A06pe yKpirriiJIOCb xpiiCTII.HHCTBO, TOAi CB. HiHa rroceJIIIJiaCb Ha ropi B rrycTeJibHi rro6JIII3Y BoA6eJii B KaxeTi. TaM AaBaB 'iii AYXOBHi rrocJiyrii erriicKorr IBaH, .HKoro BHCB.HTHB Ha errHcKorra CB. 8BcTaTili 3 AHTioxil. B rrycTeJibHi jK.HJia CB. HiHa am AO CMepTi, TaM 6yJia i IIOXOBaHa. 3rOAOM IJ;.H MiCIJ;eBiCTb CTaJia EIIIICKOIICbKOIO CTOJI.HIJ;eiO. CborOAHi BamKo rrpoBipHTH icTop.H"liHicTb rrepeKa3aHHX HaM IIOAiH rrpo IIOIII.HpeHH.H Xp.HCT.H.HHCTBa B fpy3il, .HKe IIO"llaJIOCb w;e Ja "llaciB KoHcTaHTIIHa BeJI.HKoro.

Ha KaBKaJi CB.HTY Xp.HCTHHY 3BYTb CB.HTOIO HiHoiO rrpocBiTHTeJibKOIO fpyJil. BeJihMH BeJIII"llaJOTh 11 i BBamaiOTb rroKpOBHTeJibKOIO KaBKa3y.

BipMeHH, w;o TaKom rJIII6oKo rnaHyiOTh CB. XpiiCTHHy, 3BYTb 11 HyHoiO, Ma6YTb, "llepe3 Te, w;o TaM 6yJio rrepeAaHH.H, Hi6H rrp.HHIIIJia BOHa He 3 BipMeHil, a 3 8pycaJIIIMa, i 6yJia "llepHII:u;ero .

A rro-JiaTHHCbKOMY "llepHIIIJ;.H - HOHHa. Mim yKpa1HCbKHM Ta KaBKa3bKIIM HapoAalfH 6yJIH A06pi, cyciACbKi B3aeMHHH. ToMy He AHBHO, w;o cJiaBa rrpo rpy3HHCbKY CB.HTY HiHy-XpHCTHHY rronmp.HJiac.H Ha yKpai:HCbKili JeMJii. Harni JIIOAH 3AaBHa 3HaJIH rrpo 11 rrpaBeAHe, 6oro6o.H3JI.HBe mHTT.H, "liYJIH H rrpo Te, .HK yBeCb Kpaii HaBepHyJia BOHa AO Bip.H XpHcToBo1, :H: w;Hpo rnaHyBaJIH 11. ToMy TaK 6araTo miHoK B YKpai:ui Ha "lleCTb :u;iei: CB.HTOI Ha3IIBaiOTbC.H XpHCTHHaMH i HiHaMH. 14

ci'IHR

CB.HTHH ,z:t;OMETUIH 3a rrpaBJiiHH.H BiaaHTilicbKoro iMrrepaTopa IOcTiHiaHa (52 7565 pp.) cepeA HaHB.HIIJ;.HX IIOCB,l(OB.HX oci6 AepmaBH 6yB "lleCH.HH Mym Ha iM'.H TeoAop. JKHB BiH CB.HTO 3i CBOEIO APY*HHOJO 8BAOKieiO. 3aBA.HKH A6aiiJIIIBOCTi rro6omHHX 6aTbKiB i:xHili CHH ,ll;oMeTi.HH apocTaB y Xp.HcToBili Bipi li "llecHoTi, a TaKom A06pe 3HaB CB.HTe IlHCbMO. ,ll;oMeTi.HH, aaKiH"liiiBIIIII cBoe HaB"llaHH.H, OAPY>KHBC.H. Ta Bor CKOpO IIOKJI.HKaB HOrO MOJIOAY APY*HHY AO ce6e, TOAi BiH BiAAaBC.H MdJI.HTBi H IIOCTaM Ta IIOCB.HTHBC.H IIOBHiCTIO Bomili cJiym6i.

89

15 CiYHs:l

Ha 30 pou;i ji<J.ITTH BH6pann ,1l;oMeTiHHa errncK.PrroM y MicTi MeniTHHi, ru;o Ha,n; pi"<IKOK> €BcppaT, y BipMeHiL Ha BJia,n;n"<IoMy rrpecToJii CB. ,1l;oMeTiHH po3IIO"<IaB rrmpoKy if crraceHHY HK peniriifHy, TaK i rroniTH"<~HY ,n;iHJihHicTb. He JIHIIIe Bnru;i rroca,n;oBi oco6n, HaBiTh HOBHif iMrrepaTop MaBpHRiif, rrpocnnn B ,n;ocToifHoro BJia,li;HRH IIOpa,n;H B CRJia,ll;HHX CIIpaBaX. Konn rroraHChRi rrepcn 36yHTYBaJIHCH rrpoTH iMrrepaTopcbRoro HaMiCHHRa Xo3poH if o6nHrJIH MeniTHH Ta ,n;oBROJIHIIIHi cena, HeCY"tJH 3 C060K> XpHCTHSIHCbROMy HapO,ll;OBi i,ll;OJIOIIORJIOHCTBO i rrorn6eJih, a iMrrepaTop He Mir rrpnifTH B ,n;aneRy BipMeHiiO 3 ,ll;OIIOMOrOK> CB08MY HaMiCHHROBi, TO,ll;i BiH HaiiHCaB JIHCTa ,!1;0 ,1l;oMeTiHHa Ta Bi,n;,n;aB ycK> crrpaBy B iforo pyRn. 3 Bomoro nacRoro CB. ,1J;OMeTiHH 3aCIIOKOlB rrepciB, 6araTO 3 HHX HaBepHyB ,!1;0 XpncToBo'i Bipn, HaBiTh rrpo6yBaB caMoro rrepcbRoro u;apH Bi,li;BepHyTH Bi,ll; i,ll;OJIOIIORJIOHCTBa Ta IIpHBeCTH ,!1;0 IIi3HaHHSI rrpaB,n;nBoro Bora. B,n;H"<IHHif iMrrepaTop MaBpHRiif Ha,n;iJIHB 3a Te CB. ,1J;oMeTiHHa BeJIHRHM 6araTCTBOM, 3 SIROrO CROpHCTaJIO 6araTo B6ornx.

CnaBa cB. JJ:oMeTiHHa ,n;iifiiiJia am ,n;o PnMa, 3Bi,n;RH Ilarra fpnropiif BeJIHRHif rrncaB ,n;o Hhoro JIHCTH, B HRHX ifiiiJIOCH rrpo BeJIHRY My,n;picTh, peBHiCTb i cyBopicTb mHTTJI CB. BJia,n;HRH. A ru;o,n;o 6e3ycrrinmnx 3axo,n;iB ,1l;oMeTiHHa Ha,n; HaBepHeHHHM rrepchRoro u;apH Ilarra 3aHBHB, ru;o ,1l;oMeTiHH o,n;epmHTb Bi,n; Bora CBOIO Haropo,n;y, xo"<I ,n;yiiia u;apH He HaBepHynacb ,n;o XpncTa. Y 602 pou;i 3arnHyB iMrrepaTop MaBpHRiif. To,n;i CB. JJ:oMeTiHH, HRHif 6yB iforo po,n;n"<IeM, orriRyBaBcH iforo ,n;iThMH. Ta He,n;oBro, 60 Bme HaCTYIIHOrO poKy if BiH 3aRiH"<IHB CB08 Tpy,ll;OJII06He if CBHTe mHTTH. Horo TiJio rroxopoHHJIH B IJ;apropo,n;i, a 3ro,n;oM ypo"<IHCTO rrepeHecnn ,n;o MeniTnHa . .HR 3a mHTTH, TaR i rricJIH cMepTi Bor rrpocnaBHB rrperro,n;o6Horo ,1l;oMeTiHHa, MeniTHHChROro 8IIHCROIIa, "tJHCJieHHHMH "<Iy,ll;aMH.

CB.HTIIH IIABJIO TIIBAHChKIIH BaraTo xpncTHHHChRO'i RpoBi rrpoJIHJIOCH 3a pHMCbRoro iMrrepaTopa ,1J;eRiH, ROJIH 250 pOKy BiH p03IIO"tJaB mopCTORe rrepecni,n;yBaHHH xpncTHHH 3a cB. Bipy. Bomnif rrpoTHBHHR, ru;o 3aBm,ll;H, SIR peBY"tJ:Hif JieB, XO,ll;HTb i IIIyRae, ROrO 6 rromepTH, CTapaBCSI B Ti He6e3IIe"<IHi "<IaCH "<Iepe3 CBOlX IIpHCJiymHHRiB y JIIO,ll;CbROMY TiJii B6HBaTH He· JIHIIIe TiJia, aJie if Ha,li;3BH"<IaifHHMH

90

15 Ci'IHs:!

MyKaMM i CIIOKyCaMM IIpMBO,ll;MTM ,ll;O p03IIaqy XpMCTM.HHCbKi ,n;yrni.

HaiipMKJia.n;, o.n;Horo x.pncTM.HHCbKoro BO.HKa, m;o MY»<HhO 3HOCMB yci TOpTypn TiJia, o6Ma3aJIM BKiH:u;i Me,n;oM, 3B'.a3aJIM iioMy pyKM i roJioro IIOKMHYJIM Ha 3eMJii, m;o6 iioro maJIMJIM Kycroqi Myxn if~ .n;mMeJii; TaKoro HecTepiiHoro MyKoro .n;oBeJIM iioro HapernTi .n;o Bi,n;cTyiiHMI.J;TBa Bi.n; XpncTa. A iHrnoro xpncTM.HHChKoro IDHaKa IIpMB '.H3aJIM BBeqepi B Ca,n;y ,ll;O JiimKa, IIi.n;icJiaJIM .n;o Hhoro po3IIYCHY miHKY, m;o6 BOHa .n;oBeJia CB.HToro XpncToBoro 6opu;.a .n;o rpixa; Ta TOll, IIJ;06 IIepeMOI'TM CIIOKYCY, Bi,ll;KYCMB co6i .H311:Ka i IIJIIDHYB iioro B JIM:u;e 6e3CTM,n;Hnu;i.

TaKi H IIO,n;i6Hi icTopii: CTaJIM Bi,ll;OMi lOHaKy IlaBJIOBi, IIJ;O »<MB y ropirnHiii TnBai:.n;i B €rMIITi. BYB BiH KpyrJIMH cnpoTa, iioro 6aTbKM IIOMepJIM, KOJIM iioMy 6yJio II' .HTHa,ll;I.J;.HTb JiiT. 3HaB BiH ,n;o6pe rpei.J;hKY H ei'MIIeTCbKY MOBM, a m;e Kpam;e 3HaB, .HK qeCHO, HeBMHHO )KMTM if 6o.HTMC.H rociio.n;a Bora.

MaB BiH cecTpy, m;o BMHIIIJia 3aMim m;e aa mMTT.H 6aThKiB, Ta He Mil' CIIOKiHHO IIepe6yBaTM B ll ,ll;OMi, 60 ll qoJIOBiK, CKyiia H 3axJiaHHa JIID,ll;MHa, 3a,n;yMaB Bi.n;.n;aTM IlaBJia .HK xpncTM.HHMHa CB. IIABJIO THBAMChKHfi B pyKM IIoraHChKMx MyqnTeJiiB, IIJ;06 TaKMM qMHOM II036yTMCb MOJIO,ll;OI'O IIIBar'pa H 3arap6aTM TY qacTMHY BeJIMKOI'O MaifHa, m;o iioMy 3aJIMIIIMJIM 6aTbKM. KoJIM IIoqaJIOCb IIepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpncTM.HH, IlaBJIO xoBaBc.a .HKMHCb qac y .n;oMi cBoro IIpM.HTeJI.a, Ta .HK iioMy cTaJia 3arpomyBaTM m;e H 3pa,n;a IIIBar'pa, BiH yTiK 255 poKy B IIYCTMHlO. TaM 3HaiirnoB BiH 11eqepy, a 6iJI.a Hei: IIaJibMOBe .n;epeBo if ,n;mepeJIO. IlaBJIOBi CIIO,ll;06aJIOCb Te Micu;e, i BiH OCeJIMBC.H B Till IIeqepi. JKMBMBC.H IIJIO,ll;aMM 3 IIaJibMOBOI'O ,n;epeBa, O,ll;.HI' po6MB co6i 3 IIaJibMOBOI'O JIMCT.H, a CIIpary I'aCMB BO,ll;OID 3 qncTOI'O .n;mepeJia. IlaBJIOBi 15yJio ,n;Ba.n;u;.aTb TpM poKM, KOJIM BiH IIpniirnoB y IIYCTMHID. CIIoqaTKY .n;yMaB 3aMernKaTM B 11eqepi TiJihKM Ha qac

91

15

Ci4HR

nepecJiip;yBB.HHJI, a KOJIH HaCTB.HYTb CTIOKiHHiiiii l.JaCH, BepHyTHCJI ,n;o MicTa; Ta, noJII06HBIIIH caMoTy :H 6oroMinhHe JKHTTJI TIYCTHHHHKa, BHpiiiiHB yJKe HiKOJIH He BepTaTHCb ,ll;O rpiiiiHOrO cniTy :H He 3a:HMaTHCb :Horo cnpamlMH, a TiJihKH MOJIHTHCb 3a Hboro, ~o6 cTaB Kpa~HM . .HK KOJIHCb !JIJIJI Ta lloaH XpHCTHTeJih, JIK caM BoJKeCTBeHHHH CnacHTeJib nnpo,n;oBJK copoKa ,n;HiB i HOl.JeH, TaK Tenep MOJIO,ll;HH IIYCTHHHHK IlaBJIO npOJKHBaB Ha caMoTi 3 BoroM, no6JIH3Y ,n;HKHX MemKaHu;in rJiyxoi: nycTHHi. TaK JKHB IIanJio ,n;o copoK TpeThoro poKy JKHTTJI - ,n;na,n;u;JITh JiiT. To,n;i cTaJiach o,n;Ha 3MiHa: Bor not.IaB JKHBHTH cnoro nipHoro CJiyry t.Iyp;eCHUM CIIOC060M, IIpHCHJiaiOl.JH KpyKa, ~0 npHHOCHB :HoMy KOJKHoro ,n;HJI rrin6yxaHIJ;JI xJii6a. ,lJ;HBHe, Ha,n;3BHl.JaHHe 6yJio JKHTTJI nperro,n;o6Horo Ilanna, :H HixTo, KpiM Bora, He ro,n;eH 6yn 36arHyTH, ~o niH po6HB ,n;ecJITKH JiiT y THBaHCbKiH nyCTHHi, Ta O,ll;HO neBHe: MOnHTBOIO, IIOCTOM i noKyToiO niH cno,n;o6ancJI He6ecHoMy 0Tu;eni, KOJIH BiH ni,n;TpHMYnan IIanJia cTinhKH niT, a nepe,n; cMepTIO t.Iy,n;oM cnoei: BoJKoi: CHnH npocJiaBHB HOrO, nyCTHHHHKa, ~0 ,n;aB pi,n;KiCHHH npHKna,n; nenHKoro caMo3pet.IeHH.R :H norop,n;H cniTy. CTanoch u;e t.Iepe3 iHmoro repo.R rrycTHHi, en. AHTOHiJI, ~o JIK i npeno,n;o6HHH Ilanno, BJKe ,ll;OBri poKH npOBO,Zl;HB y IIYCTHHi JKHTTJI, nocn~He Bory. Cn. AHToHieni npHHIIIJia o,n;Horo paay IIYCTa ,n;yMKa: HaiieBHO, B CBiTi HeMa iHIIIOl TaKOl niO,ll;HHH, ~06 TaK ,n;onro nena B ,n;HKiH nycTHHi 6oroMinhHe JKHTT.R, JIK niH. Ta HacTynHoi: Hot.Ii Bor o6'.RBHB :HoMy B cHi, ~o niH rroMHn.RE:ThCJI, i HaKaaan :HoMy ni,n;ni,n;aTH nycTHHHHKa IIanJia, JIKHH e ,n;ocKoHaJiiiiiHM ni,n; Hhoro. BHpymHB en. AHTOHiH y ,n;opory :H rrot.IaB myKaTH He3HaHoMoro nycTHHHHKa. IIicJIJI ,n;nox ,n;HiB i o,n;Hiei: HOl.Ji no6al.JHB CB. AHTOHiH CBiTJIO i 3a HHM ,n;iHIIIOB ,n;o net.IepH en. IIanna. Ha6JIH3HBIIIHCb ,n;o Hei:, rro6at.IHB, ~o KeJii.R 3at.IHHeHa. Ilot.IaB cTyKaTH :H npocHTH Ilanna, ~06 BHHIIIOB. 3po3yMiBIIIH, ~0 CB. AHTOHiH He BCTYIIHTbCJI 3-nepe,n; IIet.IepH, CB. Ilanno BHHIIIOB HapemTi 3 npHJI3HOIO ycMimKOIO Ha ycTax i cep,n;et.IHO npHBiTaBCJI 3i en. AHToHieM. O,n;HH o,n;Horo Ha3HBaJIH no iMeHi, XOl.J y JKHTTi HiKOnH He 6at.IHnHCb i He 3HanHCb; u;e 06' JIBHB lM nonepe,n;y rocrro,n;b Bor. 3a ,n;en'JIT,n;ec.RT niT cnoro nycTHHHoro JKHTT.R nepmHH pa3 no6at.IHB en. IIanno niO,n;HHY :H 3aronopHB ,n;o Hel. 'fl .HK rroci,n;anH, not.Ianach MiJK ,n;noMa BeJIHKHMH BoJKHMH yro,n;HHKaMH CBJITa po3MOBa. IIanno rrou;iKaBHBCJI yen. AHTOHiJI, t.IH B cniTi naHye ~e rroraHcTno; onicnJI po3Ka3aB icTopiiO cnoro JKHTT.R. IIi,n; t.Iac i:xHboi: po3MOBH Ha,n;JieTiB KpyK, noKnan nepe,n;

92

15

CiYH51

HMMM 6yxeHei.J;b xJii6a :H: Bi,n;JieTiB. 3,n;MBOBaHoMy AHToHoBi IIaBJIO IIOHCHMB: - Bor rrocMJiae: HaM o6i,n;. Ocb TaKMM crroco6oM H Bme rnicT,n;ecHT JiiT o,n;epmyro rriB6yxaHI.J;H xJii6a; Ta ocKiJihKM cboro,n;Hi,.

TM rrpM:H:rnoB Bi,n;Bi,n;aTM MeHe, XpMCToc rro,n;Boi:B rromMBY ,n;JIH CBoi:x cJiyr.

IIo,n;HKyBaBrnM Bory 3a :H:oro JiacKy, BOHM rroci,n;aJIM 6iJIH ,n;mepeJia, rn;o6 rrpMHHHTM CBOIO B6ory IIO:>KMBY. Ta HiXTO He XOTiB rreprnMM JiaMaTM XJii6a. CB. AHTOHi:H: rrpocMB cB. IIaBJia, rn;o6 BiH IIOtiMHaB, HK CTaplliMH 3a BiKOM, a CB. liaBJIO XOTiB Bi,n;,n;aTM rreprniCTb CB. AHTOHiE:Bi HK CBOE:MY rocTeBi; BKiHI.J;i pa30M rrepeJiaMaJIM XJii6 i CIIO:>KMJIM B CIIOKOIO, 3aiiMBlliM BO,li;OIO 3 ,n;mepeJia. IIicJIH Be"<Iepi rrpoBeJIM BCIO Hill Ha MOJIMTBi. HacTyrrHoro ,li;HH CKa3aB CB. liaBJIO, ID;O B:>Ke Ha,n;XO,li;MTb KiHei.J;b H:oro :>KMTTH, TOMY Bor rrocJiaB cB. AHTOHiH rroxoBaTM :H:oro. A rroTiM ,n;o,n;aB: - I,n;M :H: rrpMHecM Toro rrJiam;a, HKMH ,n;aB To6i CB. ATaHaci:H:, e:rrMcKorr OJieKcaH,n;pil, 6o H 6amaro, rn;o6 TM B Toro rrJiarn;a 3aropHyB MOE: TiJio. CKa3aB n;e CB. IIaBJIO ,n;JIH Toro, rn;o6 ocTaHHi XBMJIMHM cBoro :>KMTTH rrpoBeCTM y MOJIMTBi H: caMoTi TiJihKM 3 c~MM BoroM, a TaKO:>K TOMY, rn;o6 TaKMM "<IMHOM BMHBMTM CBOIO !leJIMKY IIOlliaHy ,n;o CB. ATaHaciH :H: KaTOJIMI.J;bKOi: BipM, aa HKY BeJIMKMH oJieKcaH,n;pien;h 3Hic cTiJihKn cTpam,n;aHh. CB. AHToHi:H: ,n;yme 3,n;nByBaBcH, rro"<IyBrnM rrpo rrJiarn;, 6o rrpo Hboro CB. IIaBJIO Mir 3HaTn TiJihKH 3 Bomoro o6'HBJieHHH; Ta Hi"<Ioro He cKa3aB, TiJihKM rrorrporn;aBcH 3i CBOIM CB. ,n;pyroM i IIOCIIilliMB ,li;O CBOE:l o6nTeJii, rn;o6 CIIOBHHTH ocTaHHIO BOJIIO rrperro,n;o6Horo IIaBJia. KoJIM BepHyBcH ,n;o cBoro MOHacTnpH, 6paTn cTaJin 3arrMTyBaTn :H:oro, ,n;e BiH 6yB. CB. AHToHiH Bi,n;rroBiB 1M TiJihKH Te, rn;o BiH rpirnHMH i He3acJiymeHo HOCHTb iM'H Bomoro cJiyrn, 6o n;nMn ,n;HHMM BiH 6a"<IMB CB. rrpopoKa !JIJIIO, CB. HoaHa XpncTnTeJIH, HaBiTb CaMoro CB. aiiOCTOJia B paro; TaK BeJIM"<IaB CB. AHTOHiH cBoro HOBoro ,n;pyra. IIicJIH Toro B3HB rrJiarn; CB. ATaHaciH :H: rrocrrirnnB 3HOBY ,n;o CB. IIaBJia, 6amaro"<In 3acTaTn H:oro rn;e :>KMBMM. ,ll;opororo rro6a"<InB cB. AHToHiH:, HK He6ecHi aHreJin, rrpopoKn i arrocTOJIM HeCJIM ,n;yrny CB. IIaBJia ,n;o He6a. Pa,n;iro"<In rn;acTIO rrpMHTeJIH, rrocrrirnnB CB. AHToHi:H: ,n;o :H:oro rre-qepn. O,n;Horo 6yJio HOMy TiJibKH maJih, IIJ;O TaK IIi3HO Bi,n;KpMB rrpeBeJIMKHH CKap6 i TaK MaJIO CKOpHCTaB 3 HbOrO ,li;JIH CBOE:i: ,n;yrni.

Ha6JIH3HBlliMCh ,n;o rreqepM, BiH 3acTaB TiJio cB. IIaBJia Ha KOJiiHax, HK rri,n; -qac MOJIMTBn. ,ll;yMaiO"<IM, rn;o CBHTHH rn;e

93

15

Ci4HR

MOJIHThC.H, CaM CTaB 6iJI.H HhOrO HaBKOJiilliKH, ~06 pa30M IIOMOJIHTHCh; Ta 3 MOB"tJ:aHKH IlpH.HTeJI.H 3p03yMiBl ~0 :u;e Bme KJI.H"tJ:HTh TiJihKH HOrO TiJIO. 3arOpHyBlliH HOrO B IIJia~ CB. ATaHacia, xoTiB rroxoBaTH, Ta He MaB "CJ:HM BHKorraTH .HMH. KoJIH BiH ,ztyMaB, ~0 po6HTH, ,ltO IIe"tlepH rri.ztiHlliJIH ,ll;Ba JieBH i, CYMHO BHIO"CJ:H, rro"tJ:aJIH BHrpi6aTH cBOlMH JiarraMH aMy. KoJIH Bme BHrpe6JIH TaKy BeJIHKy, ~0 MOrJIO BMiCTHTHCh TiJIO JIIO,ll;HHH, rri.ztiHlliJIH ,ll;O CB. AHTOHi.H H JIH3aJIH HOMY pyKH, a IIOTiM Bi.ztiHlliJIH B rJIH6HHY rrycTHHi. CB. AHTOHi:H: rroKJiaB y rpi6 TiJio rrperro.zto6Horo IlaBJia, CIIiBalO"tJ:H IIOXOpOHHHX rriceHh. Ilpi-ICJIY»<HBlliH OTaK BOCTaHHE: BomoMy cJiyai, rrpo6yB ~e O.ztHY Hi"CJ: rrpH :H:oro rpo6i, a OIIiCJI.H BepHyBC.H ,ll;O CBOlX 6paTiB; TO.zti p03Ka3aB lM, ~0 6a"CJ:HB Ta ~o apo6HB. Ha rraM'.HTKY rrpHHic co6i cB. AHTOH TY o.ztemy 3 IlaJihMOBOrO JIHCT.H, .HKOlO IlpHKpHBaB CBO€ TiJIO IIOKiHHHH IlaBJIO, 6epir ll, .HK .ztOporo:u;iHHHH CKap6, Ta O.zt.HraBC.H B Hel TiJihKH B HaH6iJihllli CB.HTa. Ilperro.zto6HHH IlaBJIO THBaHChKHH rroMep 342 poKy, rrpomHBlliH 113 poKiB, 3 .HKHX 90 rrpoBiB caMiTHhO B rrycTHHi. Ha3HBalOTh :H:oro rreplliHM rrycTHHHHKOM, ~o6 Bi.ztpiaHHTH Bi.zt iHlliHX CB.HTHX rrycTHHHHKiB 3 TaKHM caMHM iMeHeM. Mic:u;e rroxoBaHH.H cB. IlaBJia 6yJio y BeJIHKOMy BlllaHyBaHHi rrycTHHHHKiB TnBa'i.ztH. B XII CTOJiiTTi, aa iMrrepaTopa MaHy'iJia KoMMeHa (1180 p.), rrepeHeCJIH :H:oro CB. MO~~.zto Qapropo.zta i IIOKJiaJIH B :u;epKBi IIpecB.HTO'i Boropo,nn:u;i. Y 1240 po:u;i Bi.ztBe3JIH 'ix .zto BeHe:u;il, a 3Bi.ztTH rrepeHic i:x Ma.zt.HpChKHH KopoJih JIIO,ztBHr I (1380 p.) .zto MicTa By.ztH. "l!acTHHa Mo~e:H: cB. IlaBJia 3Haxo.ztHThC.H B PnMi. JKHTTE:IIHC rrepllloro IIYCTHHHHKa CB. IlaBJia THBaHChKOrO BiH 3aKiH"tJ:Y€ TaKHMH CJIOBaMH: "CIIHTaiO .H BCiX THX, ~0 MalOTh p03KilliHi IIaJiaTH, 6araTy O.ztemy, KOM<}JOpTHe »<HTT.H: ~0 BH MaeTe 6iJihllle Bi.zt Toro cTapu;H? Bn rr'eTe 3 30JIOTHX -qapoK, a BiH rrpnrop~eiO -qeprraB Bo,zty. BH xo,ztHTe B o.ztemax, rarrToBaHHX 30JIOTOM, a BiH He MaB i TaKOl, .HKY HOCHTh Balli OCTaHHiH CJiyra.

BH BIIHBaE:TeCh p03Killlllll0, a BiH B,ll;OBOJihH.HBC.H THM XJii60M, ~o :H:oMy rrpHHOCHB KpyK. I mHBHM 6yB TaK, .HK i BH, i mHB, ,ll;OBllle H y Kpa~OMY 3,ll;OpoB'l, Him BH. Ta BO,ll;HO"tJ:aC MaB BiH 6iJihllle Bi.zt Bac. BiH B o,nemi 3 JIHCT.H - .zto He6a, a BH B 30JIOTi - ,no rreKJia. BiH XpncToBo'i o.ztemi, T06To HeBHHHOCTi, ~o l'i O.ztepmaB IlpH CB. XpH~eHHi, He BTpaTHB y CBOlH HaroTi, a BH, TaK 6araTO B6paHi, II036aBJieHi Tiel JiaCKH. BiH, IIOXOBaHHH B iiOpoci, IIi.ztHiMeThC.H y BeJIHKiH CJiaBi, a BH 3 BalliHX rrpHKpallleHHX rpo6iB ycTaHeTe B HeCJiaBi Ha Bi"CJ:HHH orOHb" .

III;acJIHBHH TOR, KOMY Ha:H:6iJihlliHM cKa.p6oM e Bor i :H:oro CB.HTa JiaCKa.

94

15

CiYH51

CBHTHH IBAH KYIIJ;HHK Y V CTOpi"<I"<Ii JKHB y IJ;apropo~i BiHChKOBHH CTapiiiHHa EBTporriH: 3 ~pymnHoro Teo~opmo. By;m u;e no6omHi JIIO~H, HKi ·• ~6aHJIHBO BHXOByBaJIH CBOlX TpbOX CHHiB. ,I(Ba CTaprni, 3a npHKJia~OM 6aTbKa, ITOCBHTHJIH ce6e BiHCbKOBiH cnpaBi, a HaHMOJIO~IIIHH IBaH 3aHMaBCH HayKoro. ByB u;e po3yMHHH roHaK, B"<IHBCH Jiinrne 3a BCiX CBOlX TOBapHIIIiB, CaMi B"<IHTeJii ~HBYBaJIHCb HOro naM'HTi H 3~i6HOCTHM. 3a B~a"<IeiO 6yB Jiari~HHH, ITOKipHHH, CJIYXHHHHH i no60JKHHH; y BiJihHHH "<laC cniiiiHB He Ha 3a6aBH, a ~o u;epKBH Ha MOJIHTBY a6o "<~HTaB CBHTe IIHChMO. O~Horo pa3y npo'im~maB "<Iepe3 IJ;apropo~ o~HH MOHax, rn;o nocnimaB Ha nporn;y ~o 8pycaJIHMa. ByB BiH 3 MOHaCTHPH aKiMiTiB "HecnJIH"<IHx", HKHH 3acHyBaB CBHTHH iryMeH MapKeJI. IBach no3Haii:oMHBCH 3 THM MOHaxoM i ~oBi~aBCH npo THX "<IeHIJ;iB, lll;O B~eHb i BHO"<Ii Bi~npaBJIHIOTb ll03MiHHO BCe u;epKOBHe npaBHJIO, 6e3nepecTaHKY npocJiaBJIHIO"<IH Bora. Cepu;e IT060JKHOrO IOHaKa 3aropiJIOCh JII060B'IO ~0 rocno~a, H BiH Bi~tiYB y co6i ITOKJIHK ~0 ~OCKOHaJiirnoro JKHTTH B MOHaCTHpi. IlpOCHB CBOrO HOBOrO 3HaHOMOrO, m;o6 BiH, ITOBepTaiOtiHCb 3i CB. 3eMJii, 3HOBY BCTYITHB ~0 HbOrO H 3a6paB HOrO 3 C060IO ~<L':MOHaCTHpH. MoHax ni3HaB y TOMY Bomy BOJIIO H: o6in;HB BHKOHaTH 6amaHHH no6omHoro roHaKa. Tenep yci IBaHoBi ~YMKH 6yJIH npo Te, m;o6 noKHHYTH cBiT. BiH m;e rapH"<Iirne MOJIHBCH, "<IHTaB CBHTe IlnchMO Ta 3 HeTepniHHHM BHJKH~aB Tie'i XBHJIHHH, ITOKH HOrO llpHHTeJih BepHeThCH 3 8pycaJIHMa Ta 3a6epe H:oro 3 co6oro ~o BnTaHi'i. O~He TiJihKH HeiTOKOlJIO XJIOITD;H: HOrO 6aThKH, HaneBHO, He ITOrO~HTbCH Ha. IJ;eH Ha~3BH"<IaHHHH KpOK; 60 XOti BOHH H no60JKHi JIIO~H, Ta BCeTaKH He CXO"<IYTb p03JiytiaTHCH 3i CBOlM YJII06JieHIJ;eM. 3HaiO"<IH u;e, IBaH Hi"<Ioro He roBopHB 6aTbKaM npo cBiH: HaMip, a KOJIH HOrO npHHTeJih BepHyBCH 3 8pycaJI:H:Ma, TO BTiK 3 ~OMY llOTaH Bi~ HHX, ciB Ha KOpa6eJib H ITOITJIHB ~0 MOHaCTHpH "HeCITJIH"<IHX".

3 co6oro B3HB TiJihKH rapHo onpaBJieHe 8BaHreJiie - no~apyHoK 6aTbKiB. lryMeH MapKeJI cnotiaTKY He xoTiB npnH:MaTH TaKoro MOJIO~oro XJIOITIJ;H ~o MOHacTHpH, Ta cep~etiHe npoxaHHH IBaHa nepeMorJio. CB. MapKeJI nocTpnr H:oro Ha "<IeHn;H. MoJio~nH: MOHax CBOlM ~YXOBHHM ITOCTYITOM He3a6apOM 3~HByBaB yBeCb MOHaCT:H:p.

3aBm~H 6yB nepiiiHH ~0 MOJIHTBH, a ITOCTHB TaR CYBOpO, lll;O ~eKOJIH IJ;iJIHMH ~HHMH He MaB Hi"<IOrO B ycTaX, KpiM CB. IlpH"<IaCTH. •

95

15

Ci'-IH51

TaK MMHyJio rnicTb JiiT mnTT.H B MoHacTupi. .'fo.n;i Bopor JilO,ll;CbKHX ,ZJ;YIII IIO"<IaB MY"tJUTM lBaHa .n;y.me CHJibHMMH CIIOKyCaMM, a roJIOBHO po36y.n;.myBaB y iioro cepu;i cnJibHe 6a.maHH.H rro6a"<IMTH :ru;e pa3 cBo'ix 6aTbKiB. IBaH "<IyBaB i MOJIMBC.H, :ru;o6 rrepeMorTn TY CIIOKycy, Ta CliO KiM He BepTaBC.H ,ll;O HOrO .n;yrni. Bi.n; AYXOBHOl 6opoTb6n cTaB HaBiTh coxHyTH ii xBopiTn. To.n;i iryMeH BHpirnnB Bi.n;rrycTMTM iioro .n;o.n;oMy. CKJIMKaBIIIM Bcix MOHaxiB .n;o u;epKBM, IIOMOJIHBC.H cep.n;e"<IHO 3 HHMM 3a 6paTa lBaHa, a IIOTiM 3i CJib03aMM B O"tJaX IIOIIpOIIJ;aBC.H i3 CBOlM ,ZJ;YXOBHMM CMHOM. 3 BeJIHKHM .ma.JieM po3Jiy"<IaJIHC.H 3 HHM 6paTn, 3 T.HmKnM cepu;eM rrpo:ru;aBc.H ii caM lBaH. ,IJ;opormo 3YCTpiB y6ororo cTapu;.H. To.n;i crraJio iioMy Ha .n;yMKY rro.n;apyBaTn cBoiD o.n;e.my cTapu;eBi, a caMoMy B,ZJ;.HrHyTnch y iioro JiaxMiTT.H. Ilepeo.n;.HrHeHHM .me6paKoM, ciB Ha Kopa6eJib ii Bi,ZJ;IIJIMB .n;o l.J,apropo.n;a, MOJI.H"<IMCb, :ru;o6 :ru;acJIMBO rro6a"tJHTH CBo'ix 6aThKiB, .HKi "<Iepe3 iioro TaeMHHH Bi.n;''i3.n;, rreBHO, Ma.JIM 6araTo CMYTKY. ,Il;iMIIIOBIIIM ,ll;O CBOrO pi,ZJ;HOrO ,ll;OMy, BIIaB rrepe.n; BOpiTbMM Ha 3eMJIID ii TaK .n;o"<IeKaB paHKy. Bpanu;i Bi,ZJ;"<IMHHB BopoTa HacTaBHMK CJiyr. Ilo6a"tJMBIIIH CTapu;.H B TaKOMy Hy.m.n;eHHOMY JiaXMiTTi, IIO"tJaB Bi.n;raH.HTM HOrO Bi,ZJ; ,ll;OMy, Ta OIIiCJI.H, 3BOpyiiieHMH rrpoxaHH.HM lBaHa, .HKoro He Brri3HaB, .n;o3BOJIMB iioMy 3aJinrnnTMCb 6iJI.H BOpiT. He3a6apbM rro6a"tJMB !BaH TaKo.m i CBOlX 6aTbKiB, .HKi BMXO,ll;MJIM 3 ,ll;OMY ,ll;O MiCTa. ,IJ;o6pnM EBTpOIIiM 6yB JiaCKaBMH ,ll;O B6ororo CTapu;.H H IIOCMJiaB HOMy HaBiTb IIO.mMBY 3i CBOrO CTOJiy, Ta MaTH He MOrJia ,ll;MBMTMCb Ha ftoro Hy.m.n;eHHMM O,ZJ;.Hr i Ka3aJia cJiy3i rrepeBecTn IBaHa B 6iJihiii Bi.n;.n;aJieHe Micu;e, :ru;o6 He MaTn Toro 6py.n;Horo JiiHroxa, .HK .n;yMa.Jia co6i, Becb "<Iac rrepe.n; O"<IMMa. BiH cTaB rrpo.mnBaTn B MaJiiii KOMipu;i, .HKY rrocTaBMJIM HOMY cJiyrn. Ty rromnBy, .HKY o.n;epmyBaB Bi.n; 6aTbKa, po3.n;aBaB y6ornM, a CaM IIpOBO,ll;MB CBOl ,ZJ;Hi B rOJIO,ZJ;i i crrpa3i, "<111M TaK BMCYIIIMB CBOE: TiJIO, IIJ;O MO.mHa 6yJIO IIOJii"<IMTM pe6pa.

TaK rrpomnB IBaH Tpn poKn, HeBrri3HaHnii Hi 6aTbKaMn, Hi cJiyraMn. To.n;i o6' .HBMB iioMy Bor, :ru;o 3a Tpn .n;Hi rroKJin"<Ie iioro no He6ecHy Haropo.n;y. KoJin I BaH rro"<IyB TY BeceJiy BiCTKY, rrpocnB HaCTaBHMKa CJiyr, :ru;o6 IIaHi ,ll;OMY IIpMMIIIJia ,ll;O HbOrO, 60 BiH XO"<Ie CKa3aTM lH IIJ;OCb Ba.mJIMBe; Ta BOHa He 3aXOTiJia. KOJIM m IBaH .n;y.me rrpocnB rro6a"<IeHH.H 3 Hero rrepe.n; cMepTro, BOHa cKa3aJia IIpMHeCTM XBOpOrO lBaHa ,ll;O ce6e. 3 OCTaHHiX CMJI BiH IIO,ll;.HKyBaB 'ffi 3a MMJIOCep,ZJ;.H ,ll;O HbOrO, a IIOTiM IIpOCMB ll 6yTM JiaCKaBOlO rroxoBaTn iioro rricJI.H cMepTi B iioro .me6pau;bKiii o.n;e.mi ii Ha TOMY Micu;i, .n;e Bill rrpomnBaB. Ha rrpo:ru;aHli.H .n;aB 1M TaKom Te cB. 8BaHreJiie, .HKe BiH KOJIUCb o.n;epmaB Bi.n; 6aThKiB. EBTporriii i Teo.n;opa Bi.n;pa3y BIIi3HaJin cBoe 8BaHreJiie. CTaJin rrnTaTn

96

16

CiYHH

BMHparo~wro IBaHa, 3Bi,D;KH BiH p;icTaB TY cB. KHHry. Top;i B6orHif

"KYII.I;HHK" IIpH3HaBCJ'I, rn;o BiB - IXHiH CHH, SIKHH KiJihKa poKiB TOMY IIOTaH Bi,D; HHX 3 Ti€:10 KHHrOIO BHIXaB ,.:1;0 MOHaCTHpSI "necrrJISitiHx". Ta 6aThKH He p;oBro TiiinfJIHCh 3HaH:p;eHHM CHHOM," rrperrop;o6HHM IBaH y TOM me p;eHh Bip;p;aB Bory CBOIO rrpaBep;ny AYIIIY. 3ri,D;HO 3 6amaHHSIM IIOKiHHOrO, IIOXOBaJIH H:oro B TiM KOMipn;i, p;e BiB p;omHB BiKy B y6orocTi J1 caMo3petieHHi. Ta KOJIH MaTH HaKa3ana B6paTH H:oro Tino B 6araTy op;emy, To Bip;pa3y 3aHe,D;y.iRaJia M ,D;OTH Jie.maJia HeMitiHOIO, ,D;OKH TiJIO CHHa 3HOBY B6paJIH B me6pai.J;bKY O,D;e.my. 3rO,D;OM IIOCTaBHJIH 6aTbKH Hap; HOrO rpo60M n;epKBY M ,D;aJIH Ha n;epKOBHi IIOTpe6H tiaCTHHY CBOrO MaH:na; pemTy Bip;p;aJIH B6orHM i rrop;opomniM . He3a6apoM i IX caMHX rroKJIHKaB Bor p;o Kparn;oro .iRHTTSI. 16

Ci'IHH

llOKJIIH OKOBAM CB.HTOfO llETPA IJ;ap Ipop; ArpHrra, BHYK Toro lpop;a, rn;o HaKa3aB rroB6HBaTH p;iTeH: y Bm:})JieeMi, cTaparotiHCh Brop;HTH iyp;eSI!'i:L rn;o6 ,D;OBIIIe rrpo6yTH rrpH BJiap;i, rrotiaB rrepecnip;yBaTH xpHCTHSIH. Cepep; iHIIIHX BipyiOtiHX BiB 3aT011HB ,D;O epycaJIHMCbKOI TIOpMH CB. ariOCTOJia fieTpa, 3a,D;yMaBIIIH 3aCy,D;HTH MOrO Ha CMepTb. Y TIOpMi HaKa3aB lpop; 3aKyBaTH CBSIToro B KaH:p;aHH :i1: rrocTaBHTH 6iJIH HhOrO BeJIHKY CTOpo.my. Ta BHOtii 3'SIBHBCSI CB. fieTpOBi aHreJI i BHBiB MOrO 3 TIOpMH Ha BOJIIO. KaH:p;aHH CB. IleTpa rrepexoByBaB y ce6e crrotiaTKY HatiaJihHHK B 'JI3HHI.J;i, II.I;O CTaB XpMCTHSIHHHOM; OfliCJISI rrepeHIIIJIH BOHH B pyKH iHIIIHX xpHCTHSIH, rn;o 6epernH IX SIR p;oporon;iHHY IIaM'SITKy. 3a KoncTaHTHHa BeJIHKoro Ti OKOBH rrepe6yBaJIH B epycaJIHMChKiH: n;epKBi focrro,D;Hhoro BocKpeciHHSI. Y 439 pon;i rrpH6yJia ,D;O €pycaJIHMa Ha rrporn;y rpei.J;bKa n;apHI..J;SI €B,D;OKiSI, p;py.mHHa iMrrepaTopa Teop;ociH Manoro. IliA 11ac cBoro rrepe6yBaHHSI B €pycaJIHMi BOHa rn;ep;po o6p;apyBaJia pi3Hi TaMTeiiiHi n;epKBH. 3 B,D;JitiHOCTi 3a Te €pycaJIHMChKHII rraTpiapx IOBeHaJiiH: rrop;apyBaB €B,D;OKil OKOBH cB . IleTpa. Op;Hy qacTHHY THX OKOB y3SIJia u;apwn;H 3 co6oro p;o IJ;apropop;a, a inwy rrocnana B PHM CBOIH p;OHhn;i €B,D;OKcil, rn;o 6yJia p;pymHHOIO iMrrepaTopa BaneHTiaHa III. €B,D;OKCiSI IIpHMHJIJia 3 BeJIHKOIO rro6om.HiCTIO I.J;iHHHM p;ap, HaKa3aJia IIOCTaBHTH Ha tieCTh CB. IleTpa n;epKBY M TaM IIOKJiaJia CBOIO tiaCTHHY OKOB.

97

16

Ci'lHSI

Y P:aMi 6yJIH ~e ft iHIJJi Kaiip;aHH, B .RKi• 6yB aaKyTHH CB. IleTpo aa iMnepaTopa HepoHa. Ti OKOBH HaKaaaB y V cTopi1:flli IIana CHKCT III a6o JleB BeJIHKHH a'ep;HaTH paaoM a TieJO "'aCTHHOlO OKOB, .RKi 6yJIR nop;apOBaHi no6omHiH u;apHIJ;i E!B,D;OKCil. KoJIR Ti OKOBH TOpKHYJIHC.R O,D;Hi ,D;O O,D;HHX CTaJIOC.R qyp;o: o6:ap;Bi qacT:aH:a 3JIY"'HJIHCh B op;:aH cyu;iJihHHH JiaH:u;JOr! Top;i u;epKOBHa BJiap;a BHpilllRJia KOmHOI'O poKy llOKJIOH.RTHC.R OKOBaM CB. IleTpa OKpeMHM u;epKOBHHM CB.RTOM. 0KOBH CB. IleTpa MalOTh 38 JiaHOK i ,D;Bi KpyrJii KJI.RMpH, .RKHMH 6yJia 3aKyTa IJJH.R CB. IleTpa. Bor po6HB 6araTo qyp;ec aa nocepep;HHII;TBOM THX OKOB, TOMY cnoBHHJIHCh cJioBa CB. IBma 3oJioToycToro: "KoJIH TiHh cB. IleTpa MaJia TaKy II;iJIJO~y CHJIY, TO Ha6araTO 6iJihlliY MaTHMYTh OKOBH, :w;o p;oTRKaJIRCh ftoro TiJia".

3BIJihHEHHH AIIOCTOJIA IIETPA 3 B'H3HHIJ;I

98

17

CiYHI'l

CB.HTI:IH AHTOHIH BEJII:IKI:IH Y

€rHIITi, B MiCTeqKy

KoMi, y

6araTi:ti: rro6o.mHi:ti:

pO,li;HHi rrpHHIIIOB Ha CBiT

251

poKy XJIOIIqHK, .HKOMY

rrpH XpHIIJ;eHHi ,ll;aJIH iM' .H AHTOHi:ti:.

,D;o6pi 6aTbKH

6a.maJIH BHXOBaTH CHHa B rrpaB,li;HBiH xpHCTH.HHCbKiH rro6o.mHocTi, TOMY TpHMaJIH M:oro B,li;OMa M: He rrycKaJIH Mi.m iHIIIHX ,ll;iTeH, IIJ;06 Ha HbOrO HeraTHBHO He BIIJIHBaJIH JIHXi TOBapHrui. ToMy BiH He OTpHMaB CBi TCbKOl OCBiTH i 3HaB TiJibKH CBOIO pi,li;Hy, Ma6yTb, apa6CbKY MOBY.

3aTe

IIi,ll;

OIIiKOIO

,!1;6aHJIHBHX 6aTbKiB 3pOCTaB MaJIHH AHToHi:ti: y

xpHCTH-

.HHCbKHX qeCHOTaX, BH3HaqaBC.H BeJIHKOIO 3,ll;ep.maHiCTIO, IIOCJIYXOM i TOqHJIM BHKOHaHH.HM ycix peJiiriHHO-n;epKOBHHX 060B '.H3KiB. AHTOHiJO ID;e He 6yno ,li;Ba,li;D;.HTH JiiT, .HK BMepJIH HOrO 6aTbKH i BiH CTaB CIIa,li;KO€MD;eM ,li;OCHTb BeJIHKOrO MaHHa, a BO,li;Hoqac i cecTpH Ta

H

OIIiKyHOM MOJIO,li;IIIOl

crra,li;ID;HHH. IIicJI.H cMepTi 6aTbKiB crrpaBHJIH Ha

Hboro rri,ll; qac qJITaHH.H cB. €BaHreni.H oco6JIHBe Bpa.meHH.H cJioBa lcyca XpHcTa ,li;O 6araToro JOHaKa: ".HKID;O xoqeiii 6yTH ,li;OCKOHaJIHM, IIi,li;H rrpO,!J;aH, IIJ;O Maeiii, ,ll;aH 6i,li;HHM, i 6y,ll;eiii MaTH CKap6 Ha He6i; IIOTiM IIpHXO,ll;b Ta H,li;H 3a MHOIO" (MT

19:21).

Ti cJioBa rro6o.mHHH AHTOHi:ti: rrpHHH.HB .HK Bo.mH:ti: rroKJIHK, 3BepHeHHH ,!1;0 HbOro; TO.m IIO,ll;apyBaB qacTHHY 3eMJii CBOlM cyci,ll;aM 3 YMOBOIO, ID;O BOHR OIIJiaqyBaTHMYTb 3a HbOro H cecTpy BCi IIO,ll;aTKH, a peiiiTY p03,ll;aB y6orHM, 3aJIHIIIHBIIIH co6i 3 ycboro MaeTKY TiJibKH Te, IIJ;O 6yJIO KOHeqHo He06Xi,li;He Ha IIpO.mHTOK :ti:oMy Ta cecTpi. KoJIH

.m 3rO,li;OM rroqyB y

:o;epKBi XpHcToBi cnoBa:

"He .mypiTbC.H ~aBTpiruHiM ,li;HeM", BHpiiiiHB BeJIHKO,li;YliiHO 3po6HTH ID;e 6iJibiiiY .mepTBy: CeCTpy IIOMiCTHB y .miHoqoMy MOHaCTHpi,

99

17

Ci<jHR

B60rliM p03,ll;aB i peiiiTY MaHHa, a CaM 272 poKy 3aMeiiiKaB no6Jm3y KoMH, ,n;e no6mKHi JIIO,ll;li BeJIH Ha caMoTi 6oroMiJihHe >KHTTR. MoJIHTBa, no6omHe 'IHTaHHR if po6oTa cTaJIH Tenep e,n;HHHM AHToHieBHM 3aHRTTRM, a nocTyn y qecHoTax- rapR'IHM 6amaHHRM ii:oro IOHaD;bKoro cepn;R. KoJIH tiYB RKoroch no6omHoro ITyCTliHHHKa, Bi,n;pa3y CTapaBCR Bi,n;IIIyKaTH HOrO i CKOpHCTaTH 3 HOrO ITpliKJia,n;y Ta CITaCeHHHX ITOB'IaHh, TOMY He 6yJIO Mi>K nyCTHHHHKaMH >KO,li;HOl IT060>KHOl npaKTHKli, y RKiH 6H He BnpaBJIRBCR cB. IOHaK. TaKHM "t!HHOM cTaB cB. AHToHiH He3a6apoM ,ll;OCKOHaJiliM 3pa3KOM ITOKOpH, JII060Bi ,li;O 6JIH>KHiX, ITOCTiHHOCTi B MOJIHTBi if iHIIIHx xpHcTHRHChKHX -qecHoTax. Ta Ha MoJio.n;oro nycTHHHHKa Tem HacTynaB Bi,n;Bi"t!HliH Bopor cnaciHHR JIIOAChKHX .n;yiii, HaBiiOID'Ili HOMY ,n;yMKH npo cniT, p03,ll;aHe JllO,li;RM MaHHO H Ti 6Jiara, RKi BiH Mir 611 MaTH 3aJiliIIIHBIIIHCh y CBiTi, 3aMiCTh ycix HeBHrO,ll; TenepiiiiHbOrO nyCTHHHOrO >KHTTR. TaK caTaHa xoTiB po36y,n;HTH B cepn;i MOJio.n;oro nycTHHHHKa 3HeOXOTY AO ITOKJIHKaHHR, RKe .n;aB HOMY rocnO,ll;h Bor. Ta CB. AHTOHiH 3p03yMiB, w;o n;e TiJihKH AHRBOJI:bC:bKa CITOKyca, TJ)IJ:y Bi.n;pa3y My>KHhO Bi,li;KHHyB 11. ITo CITOKyci noma,n;JIHBOCTi if rop.n;ocTi notiaB 3JIHH ,n;yx cnoKyiiiaTH cB. roHaKa B,n;eHh i BHO"'li ,n;o He'IHCTOTH. HenpHcTOHHi 6amaHHR .n;pa3HHJIH ifoMy notiyTTR, He ,n;anaJIH MOJIHTliCh i pa3 y pa3 MaHHJIH .n;o rpixa. Ta CB. AHToHiH He ni.n;,n;aBcR. l{yBaB w;e ITHJihHiiiie, 3BepTaB CBOl ,li;YMKli Ha iHIIIi pe"t!i, ITOCTliB w;e CyBOpiiiie, Bli3H8Blllli ITOKipHO nepe,n; BorOM CBOIO HeMi"'l, MOJIR"t!HCh rapR"t!e, m;o6 rocno.n;h ,n;onoMir HOMy nepeMOrTH CITOKYCHliKa. I Bor BpRTyBaB iforo. CB. AHToHiH Bi,n;KHHYB 3 ni,n;pa30IO yci He"t!HCTi cnoKycH, HaBiTh y HaH6iJihlll He6e3ITe'IHY XBHJIHHy, KOJIH CaTaHa ni,n;iHIIIOB ,ll;O HhOrO B ITOCTaTi p03KiiiiHOl >KiHKli, ITpliHa,li;>KYIO'IH HOrO ,li;O rpixa. IIepeMomeHHH cnoKyCHliK MyciB 3aJIHIIIliTli CB. roHaKa B CITOKOlO. IIicJIR Tiei: ,n;yxoBHoi: 6opoTb61i >KliTTR en. AHTOHiR nni:i1:nwo B CBOe 3Bli"t!aHHe pyCJIO. jKliBliBCR TiJihKH XJii60M 3 ,n;pi6KOlO coJii, nHB caMy Bo,n;y. He i:n HiKOJili ,n;o 3axo.n;y coHn;a, a ,n;eKOJili rrpliHMaB rromHBY TiJihKH pa3 Ha Tpli-'IOTlipli ,n;Hi. Cnot.mnaB ~ Ha TBep,D;i:i1: nJieTiHn;i a6o Ha roJii:i1: 3eMJii. BamarotiH w;e 6iJII.III01 caMOTli, en. AHToHiH noKHHYB KoMy i nepeHIIIOB Ha D;BHHTap, KYAH iHKOJili npHXOAHB o,n;HH ii:oro npliRTeJih, w;o npliHOCHB HOMY Tpoxli XJii6a. TaM AHRBOJI noHOBliB cniif HacTyn Ha CnaToro, rrpo6ynaB 3aJIRKaTH iforo BCRKliMli KPHKaMH, a o,n;Horo paay HaBiTh no6HB H:oro, nopaHHBIIIH am ,n;o KpoBi. IIpHaTeJI:b 3acTaB :i1:oro HaninMepTBHM. CBRTHH He Mir HaBiTh rri,n;HRTliCh, aJie :i1:

100

17

ci~HSI

To,n,i 36epira.B cnoKiH ,n,ymi i, nema'tnr Ha romn 3eMJii, roBopnB ,ll,O 3JIHX ,n,yxiB: "Ou;~ .H TyT; po6iTh, II.J;O XO"tJeTe, Ta 3HaHTe, ID;O HliD;O He B CHJii Bi,D;JIY"tJHTH MeHe Bi,ll, XpHCTa rocno,n,a!" 3 BeJIHKHM Kp.HKOM, y TIOCTaT.HX CTpaiiiHHX ,ll,.HKHX 3BlplOK, KMHYJIMCh 3HOB~ ,ll,M.HBOJIM Ha CB.HToro, ru;o6 JaJI.HKaTH :fforo i ,n,oBeCTH ,n,o MaJio,n,yiiiHOCTi "'IH po3nyKM, Ta ca. AHTOHiH BeJI.HKHM yrroBaHH.HM Ha Bora KpinHBC.H B 60p0Th6i 3 BOporaM.H CBOel ,D,yiiii, am ITOK.H 3 He6a He OCBlTHJIO HOrO .fiCHe CBlTJIO, a ,ll,H.HBOJIH MYClJI.H si.n;cTynnTM i 3aJIMIIIHTM CB.HToro B crroKoiO. To,n,i .HBMBC.H HOMY caM Xp.HcToc. IIo6a"tJHBIIIM Icyca, cB. AHTOHiH rrpoMOB.HB: - ,Il;e TM 6ys, MiH Bome? qoMy TM He rrpn:ffmoB MeHi Ha rri.n;Mory 3 caMoro rro"'laTKy? A ronoc Bi,n,noBiB: - AHToHiro, H 6yB TYT yBech -qac. H CTO.HB 6iJI.H Te6e rri,n, -qac TBOel 6opOTh6H; 3a Te, ID;O T.H TaR MymHhO OI1HpaBC.H CBOIM BoporaM, H xopoHHTMMy Te6e 3aBm,n,n i rrpocnaBJIIO TBoe iM'.H no BCiH 3eMJii. CJIOBa XpHCTa rocrro,n,a TaK CKpiiiMJIH CB. AHTOHi.H, w;o BiH Bi,D;pa3y Ill,ll,H.HBC.H, IIO"'IaB MOJIHTHCh Ta ,ll,.HKyBaTH CBOE:MY He6ecHOMY 06opoHI.J;eBi. To.n;i rrepe:ffmoB cB. AH路roHiH Ha cxi,n,HHH 6epp路 Hiny H TaM JaMeiiiKaB y po3BaJI.HHax cTaporo JaMKy, ,n,e nifom.HB caMiTHhO Ma:ffme 20 niT. Y TOH -qac 3pi,n,Ka aycTpi"'laBC.H 3 .HKOIOCh JIIO,ll,HHOIO, JI.HIIIe o,n,MH "tJOJIOBiK ,n,Bi"'li Ha piK rrpHHOCMB HOMY cyxapi.

3samMBIIIH Ha rrpoxaHH.H pi3HMX JIIO,n,e:ff, ru;o 6amaJI.H BeCTH ,n,aneKo si,n, cBiTy ,n,ocKoHaJie xpncTH.HHChKe mHTT.H, cB. AHToHiH 3lHIIIOB 6JIH3hKO 305 poKy 3i CBOel ropH H 3aCHyBaB CBiH rrepiii.HH MOHaCT.Hp y Cl>aiOM, Ha,n, piKOIO HiJI, ,n,e MOHaX.H )KlfJIH B ITOO,ll,HHOK.HX, Bi,n,,n,aJieHnx o,n,Ha si,n, o,n,Hoi: Keni.Hx. CaM AHTOHiH iie )K.HB TIOCTlHHO B TOMY MOHaCT.Hpi, a JI.HIIIe iHKOJIH CXO,ll,HB 3i CBOE:l rop.H, w;o6 ,n,aTH MOHaXaM .D;YXOBHY HayKy. Y MOHaCTHpi ,ll;OTp.HMYBa.BC.H CBOrO ,D;aBHhOrO 3BH"'Ial0 CyBoporo yMepTBlHH.H B i:mi; HOrO I10)KHBOIO 6yJIH XJii6, ClJih, BO,D;a, "tJaCOM cppyKTM. Y cTapocTi rro"'laB 1cTM Tpoxn onil. O.n;emero cnymMJia HOMY MixoBnHa H HaMiTKa 3 6inoi: oBe"tJoi: IIIKypn. He3BamaiO"tJM Ha CyBopiCTh )K.HTT.H, BlH BHrJI.H,D;aB 3aBm,D;.H 3,D;OpOB.HM i BeCeJI.HM; JIIO,D;H srriaHaBaJIM :fforo Mim iHIIIHX MOHaxiB 3 secenocTi :fforo JI.HIJ;.H, IIJ;O 6yJia HaCJii,D;KOM BeJIHKOrO CITOKOIO ,D;ynii. llepe6yBaHH.H B caMiTHiH KeJiil 6yno :fforo po3KiiiiiiiiO, a po3,D;YMM Ha.n; BomnMH pe"'laMH - :fforo roJIOBHHM 3aH.HTT.HM. qac Ha i:.n;y BMTpa"tJaB Cs.HTMH 3 .n;e.HKMM Hi.HKOBiHH.HM, rrpnra.n;yiD"tJM He6ecH.HX .n;yxis, ru;o 6e3nepepBHO rrpocJiaBJI.HIOTh Bora. ToMy Hara.n;ysaB 6paTaM, ru;o6 .HKHaHMeHme "'lacy BMTpa"'laJIM Ha TiJiecHi rroTpe6.H.

101

17

CiYH51

PoayMiiD'IR, m;o xpRCTHHHChKa ,n;ocKoHaJiiCTh r'pfHTYE:ThCH Ha BoJKii1: JIID6oBi, cTapaBCH apocTaTH B Hiif ~opaa 6iJihrne.

3aOXO'IyBaB 6paTiB-MOHaXiB TIOCTiHHO naM' HTaTH npo CMepTh, 3paHKY ,n;yMaTH npo Te, 111;0, MOJKe, He ,ll;OJKHBYTh ,ll;O Betiopa, a BBetiepi, m;o MOJKYTh He ,n;otieKaTHCH ,n;HH. KoJKHY cnpaBy pa,n;HB lM po6HTH TaK, Halle 6 BOHa 6yJia OCTaHHhOlO B JKHTTi, ~06 HKHai1:6iJihiiie npocJiaBRTH rocno,n;a Bora HelO. CBHTHH '!aCTO Hara,n;yBaB CBOlM tieHI.J;HM tiyBaHHHM 3aXH~aTH ce6e Bi,n; CTIOKYC i CHJIOIO CBOrO ,n;yxy 6a,n;bopo OTIHpaTHCH 3JIOMY ,n;yxoBi, 3HalOtiH i1:oro 6eacHJIJIH nepe,n; BoroM. - BiH He ro,n;eH HaBiTh aaKpRTH MeHi yeT, KOJIH H roBopiD npOTR HhOrO, - Ka3aB CB. AHTOHiH CBOlM YtiHHM,- BiH 60IThCH TIOCTY, MOJIHTBH, TIOKOpH H ,n;o6pHX ,n;iJI, a HOrO OMaHH 3HHKalOTh CKOpO, OC06JIHBO, KOJIH 3p06HMO 3HaK CB. xpecTa. ,ll;HHBOJIH TpeMTHTh nepe,n; THM 3HaKOM, 6o aaB,n;HKH ifoMy Ham CnacnTeJih TpiyM!lJyBaB Ha,n; HHMH i1: poaa6po1B 1x. O,n;Horo ,n;HH HBHBCH MeHi caTaHa y BeJIH'IHOMY BHrJia,n;i :H: cKaaaB: "llpocn, tioro TiJihKH BoJKa CHJia", Ta CTIOKYCHHK Bi,n;pa3y 3HHK, HK 6aJKaeiii: H TiJihKH H 3ra,n;aB CB.HTe IcycoBe iM'.H . .

Y 331 pou;i u;ap MaKCHMiaH Bi,n;HOBHB nepecJii,n;yBaHHH xpHCTHHH. CB. AHToHiif 6aJKaB i co6i npocJiaBHTH XpHcTa MytieHHI.J;TBOM, ToeynoKHHYB MOHaCTHP i Bn6paBcH ,n;o OJieKcaH,n;pil, ~06 TaM ,n;o,n;aTH Bi,n;BarH MYtieHHKaM TIO KOTiaJihH.HX i TlOpMaX, nepe,n; noraHChKHMH TpH6yHaJia.MH H Ha Micu;i CTpaTH, Y CBOlH 6iJiiH tiepHe'IiH o,n;emi XO,D;HB IIO MiCTy, rOBOpHB 3 HaMiCHHKOM, Ta HiKOJIH He HaKJIHKaB Ha ce6e CMepTh, He OCKapJKyBaB CaM ce6e, HK u;e Hep03BaJKHO po6HJIH iHllli.

KoJIH HacTynHoro poKy HaCTaJIO ,n;JIH xpncTH.HH noJiermeHHH, CB.HTHH BepHyBC.H ,n;o CBOel KeJiil i Bi,n;,n;aBCH 3 HOBOlO peBHiCTlO MOHaiiioMy JKHTTID. 3ro,n;oM nocTaBHB Ha,n; Hi,11oM HOBHH npOCTOpHH MOHaCTHp, O,ll;HaK CaM i ,n;aJii MeliiKaB y CBOlH KeJiil Ha ropi paaoM 3i CBOIM YtiHeM MaKapoM, ~o npni1:MaB JIID,n;e:H:, .HKi npHxo,n;nJIH ,n;o cB. AHToHiH. CB.HTHH OXO'Ie CJIYXaB TIOB'IaHh iHIIIHX, KOpHCTaB 3 3aYBaJKeHh HaBiTb HaifnpocTimHx mo,n;ei1:. BiJIH cBoei: rretiepH o6po6JIHB MaJIHH ropo,n;ei.J;h, m;o6 MaTH TpOXH ropo,n;HHH ,ll;JIH CBOlX rocTeH 3 ,n;aJieKOl H BTOMJilOIO'IOl ,D;OpOrH tiepe3 ,D;HKY IIYCTHHIO Ha BHCOKY i1: He,n;ocTynHy ropy, ~o6 no6atiHTH iforo i1: notiyTH 3 iforo yeT Qo~IOBO crraceHHo'i HayKH 'IH nopa,n;H. CB. ATaHaci:H: 3ayBaJKHB, ~0, KpiM npau;i Ha ropo,n;i, CB. AHTOHiH TIJiiB KOITIMKM, ni,n; 'laC '!OrO npo,n;OBJKyBaB CBOlO MOJIMTBy; TOrO HaBtiMB HOrO B BM,ll;iHHi caM aHreJI. BiJihliiY tiaCTHHY HO'Ii npoBO,ll;HB CBHTMH y poa,n;yM:ax Ha,n; BoJKMMM petiaMM.

102

17

CiYHR

Y 339 po:rJ;i 6a1IMB CB. AHTOHiif y BM,D;iHHi MyJia, ID;O 6MB HOraMM BiBTap; 6yB :u;e o6pa3 Tiel IIIKO,D;M, .HKY He3a6apOM MaJia 3ano,n;i.HTM npaB,n;MBiif Bipi B OJieKcaH,n;pil apiaHCbKa epecb. Te BM,n;iHH.H 3po6nJio Ha CB.HToro TaKe CMJibHe if cyMHe BpameHH.H, ID;O BiH HiKOJIM HaBiTb He 3arOBOpHB ,D;O epeTHKa, xi6a m;df5 HaBepHyTM iforo ,D;O npaB,D;HBOl BipM, a 3i CBOel ropH nporaH.HB i:x, Halle oTpyifHHX 3Miif. Y 355 po:u;i enHcKonH 3anpocMJIH iforo ,n;o MicTa OJieKcaH,n;pil Ha Micilo npoTH apiaH. 3 BeJIMKOIO CMJIOIO ,n;yxy roBopHB TaM cB. AHToHiif npo 6omecTBO Icyca XpncTa. ApiaHaM ,n;oBO,D;HB, m;o BOHH He Bi,n;pi3H.HlOTbC.H Bi,n; noraH, m;o "Bi,n;,n;aBaJIH Bomy 'tleCTb i CJIY>KMJIH OXOTHiiiie TBOpMBY, Him TBop:u;eBi". HaBiTh noraHM cnirnMJIM rrollyTM cJioBo Bomoi: HayKH if rro6a1IMTH Bomoro liOJIOBiKa. BaraTo 3 HHX HaBepHyJIMCb To,n;i ,n;o rrpaB,n;HBoi: XpHCTOBoi: BipH. IIoraHChKi if iHrni cpiJiocoqm 'tlacTo rrpHxo,n;HJIH ,n;o cB. AHToHi.H Ha po3MOBM if He MorJIM Ha,n;HByBaTHCb iforo My,n;pocTi. KoJIH ,n;e.HKi 3 HHX IIMTaJIH iforo, .HK BiH MO»te CTiJibKH 'tlacy IlpOBO,D;MTM Ha CaMOTi, 6e3 >KO,D;HMX KHM>KOK, BiH Bi,D;IIOBi,n;aB lM, IIJ;O IIpHpo,n;a e Tie10 BeJIHKOIO KHMro10, .HKa 3aMiHIOe ifoMy Bee iHrne. ",r(ocTaTHbO MaTH 3,D;Op0BMH po3yM, - rOBOpMB BiH THM, IIJ;O BBa»taJIH iforo 3a HeyKa, - m;o6 ,n;aTM ,n;o6py HayKy HaBiTb 6e3 KHH>KOK".

Ilpnxo,n;HJIH ,n;o CB.HToro TaRO»< JIIO,D;M 3i cBOlMH ,bf,n;aMH, i HixTo 3 HHX He Bi,D;XO,D;MB Bi,n; CB. AHTOHi.H 6e3 IIOTiXH. Y 342 po:u;i Bi,n;Bi,D;aB CB.HTMH rreprnoro IIYCTMHHMKa, rrperro,n;o6HOrO 0. IlaBJia THBaHCbKOro, a KOJIH TOR IIOMep, IIOXOBaB H:oro.

Ilepe,n; CBOelO CMepTIO Bi,D;Bi,n;aB m;e pa3 CBOlX 6paTiB-MOHaXiB, i IIi,D; 'tlaC OCTaHHbOl HayKH CKa3aB lM, IIJ;O He3a6apOM IIOKJIM'tle iforo Bar ,n;o ce6e; He xoTiB, o,n;HaK, yMHpaTM Mim HMMH, a B CBOlH rre'tlepi Ha ropi, Ha,n; "lJepBOHHM MOpeM. Y TOR 'tlaC rroqaJlM XpHCTM.HHH npaKTMKyBaTH IIOraHCbKHH 3BH1Iaif 6aJib3aMyBaHH.H He6imqHKiB, IlpOTH qoro .HK rrpOTM IIYCTOl CJiaBH i HaBiTb 3a6o6oHy CB. AHTOHiif ,n;yme npOTecTyBaB. I..ll;o6 YHMKHYTM TOrO, 3anoBiB ,n;BoM cBoi:M YliH.HM, MaKapoBi if AMaToBi, .HKi Brrpo,n;oBm II' .HTHa,D;II;.HTH OCTaHHiX JiiT >KHJIH 3 HHM, IIJ;06 IIiCJI.H HOrO CMepTi IIOXOBaJIM iforo TiJIO B 3eMJii, .HK XOpOHHJIH KOJIHCb IIaTpiapxiB. "Y ,n;eHb BOCKpeciHH.H, - rOBOpMB ,D;O YliHiB, - .H o,n;epmy H:oro He3HHIIJ;eHHMM 3 pyK XpHcTa". IloTiM ,n;opyliMB YliH.HM rricJI.H iforo CMepTi Bi,n;,n;aTH O,D;HY OBelly HaMiTKY if IIJiam;a, Ha .HKOMY crro'tiMHe B XBMJIHHY cMepTi, cB. ATaHacieBi B OJieKcaH,n;pil Ha 3HaK 3JIYKM 3 HHM y CB. Bipi, a ,n;pyry - errncKorroBi CepanioHOBi; YliH.HM 3aJIHIIIMB MixoBMHy, m;o 11 HOCHB rri,n; rnKyp.HHOIO o,n;eme10.

BKiH:u;i cKa3aB ,n;o cBoi:x YliHiB: "Ilpom;aifTe, MOl ,n;iTH; AHTOHiif Bi,D;XO,D;MTb i Bme 6iJihiiie He 6y,n;e 3 BaMH". ICOJIH BOHM OCTaHHiif 103

18

CiYHH

pa3 06H.HJIH Ha rrpor.u;aHH.H CBOrO CB. TJHTeJI.H, oBiH BHIIpOCTaBC.H Ha cBoi:M: rrocTeJii i rrepecTaB ,n;nxaTH. CTaJIOCh u;e 17 ci'IH.H 356 poKy. CB. AHToHiil rrpomHB Ha aeMJii 105 JiiT. Yce cBoe ,n;oBre mHTT.H, Bip; paHH:bOl MOJIO,li;OCTi am ,li;O CMepTi, BiH 6yB MymeM BeJIHKOl CYBOPOCTi, BMepTBiHH.H Ta caMoape'IeHH.H. 3aBm,n;n B o,n;Hiil o,n;emi, aaBm,n;n MaB o,n;Hy M: TY caMy rromnBy. HiKOJIH He xBopiB, aaBm,n;n MaB p;o6pHll aip i .HCHHll poayM; ,li;O CaMOl CMepTi IIpHeMHO 6yJIO 3 HHM rOBOpHTH. BipHi y'IHi noxoBaJIH cBoro Heaa6yTHhoro B'IHTeJI.H B TaeMHOMY Micu;i. Ta 6JIH3hKO 361 poKy, aa npaBJiiHH.H iMnepaTopa lOcTHHiaHa, Bp;aJIOCh Bi,n;HailTH: M:oro rpi6. To,n;i nepeHecJIH: Mor.u;i cB. AHTOHi.H ,n;o OJieKcaH,n;pii:, onicJI.H - ,n;o l(apropo,n;a, a noTiM ,n;o BeHH y <t>paHu;iL HK aa mHTT.H, TaR i nicJI.H cMepTi CB.HToro po6nB Bor 6araTo 'Iy,n;ec, r.u;o6 rrpocJiaBHTH: M:oro iM' .H. foJIOBHH:H mnTTenH:c CB. AHToHa HanncaB M:oro npH.HTeJih, OJieKcaH,n;piM:c:bKH:H apxienncKon cB. ATaHaciM:. JKnTT.H npeno,n;o6Horo o. AHTOHi.H - u;e KHnra p;JI.H Bcix CTopi'I. CB. IBaH 30JIOTOYCTHll aaOXO'IyBaB II060mHHX XpH:CTH.HH 'IHTaTH )KlfTT€IIHC cB. AHTOHa, 6o "M:oro mnTT.H- u;e Hir.u;o iHme, .HK CB. 8BaHreJiie lcyca XpH:c~a, BTiJieHe y mHTT.H. CB. AHToHiil ,n;yme 6JIH:3hKHH ,n;o anocTo.rriB, mnBe B naM'.HTi ycix".

18

ci'IH.R:

CBHTHH AT AHACIH BEJIHKHH JKH:TTerrH:c no,n;aHnil y ,n;pyriM: KHH:ai "JKnTT.H CB.HTH:x".

18

ci'!H.R:

CBHTHH KHPHJIO OJIEKCAH)];PIHChKHH JKnTTennc no,n;aHHH y ,n;pyriM: KHHai "JKH:TT.H CB.HTnx".

104

19

Ci4H~

CB.HTHH MAKAP €fllllETCbKHH CB. MaKap €rHrreTChKHH (CTapnmH) HapO.ZJ;HBCR 6JIH3hKO 300 poKy B €rHIITi. Y CBOl MOJio.n;i JiiTa rrac xy.n;o6y. MaJIHM XJIOll"<IHHOIO BiH 3aHIIIOB O.ZJ;HOrO pa3y 3 .n;iThMH B "<Iy»<HH ca.n;, BHpBaB co6i Kpa,ZJ;hKOMa KiJihKa <}>ir' i o.n;Hy 3 HHX 3'1B. IIicJIR CBOrO HaBepHeHHR BiH ,ll;O CaMOl CMepTi He rrepecTaBaB OIIJiaKyBaTH TOro rpixa.

Bi.n;"<IyBIIIH B CBOlH .n;yiiii llOKJIHK ,ZJ;O »<HTTR, IIOCBR"<IeHoro BoroBi ii crraciHHIO .n;yiiii, MaKap yme B MOJIO,ZJ;i JiiTa IIOKHHYB CBiT i 3a"t£HHHBCR Ha CaMOTi B MaJiiH KeJiii: rro6JIH3Y ceJia, .n;e Bi.n;.n;aBCR rapR"<IiH MOJIHTBi H CBRTHM po3.n;yMyBaHHRM, a o.n;Ho"<IacHo H BeJIHKOMY BMepTBi.HHIO-rroKyTi. IIJ;o6 aapo6JIRTH co6i Ha XJii6, a TaKom rrporHaTH Bi.n; ce6e Hy.n;hry, RKY BHKJIHKaJia CaMOTa, BiH y BiJihHHH Bi.n; MOJIHTBH "<laC IIJiiB KOIIIHKH ii rrepe.n;aBaB 1x O;::(HOMY "<IOJioBiKoBi, ~o6 TOR rrpo.n;aBaB i:x i aa Te KyrryBaB CBRTOMY TpoxH XJii6a.

Y rreprni poKH rrycTHHHoro »<HTTR CTaJiacR ai CB. MaKapoM ;::(yme HerrpHeMHa rrpHro;::(a. O.n;Ha rpiiiiHa miHKa rrycTHJia Mim JIIO,ZJ;hMH HaKJieii, ~0 BiH B"<IHHHB HaCHJIJIR ~O,ll;O Hel. JliO,D;H,.

IIOBipHBilllf CJIOBaM Heri;::(HH:U:i, HarraJIH Ha CBRTOrO, CXOIIHJIH iioro ii noBOJIOKJIH BYJIH:U:RMH MicTa; .n;opororo 6HJIH iioro H Ha3HBaJIH o6Jiy;::(HHKOM y -qepHeqiii pRci. CB. MaKap He 6opoHHBCR ii He orrpaB.n;oByBaBcR, TiJihKH MOB"<IKH 3HOCHB TY TR»<KY aHeBary H KpHB;::(y, rroKJiaBIIIHCh y BChOMY Ha focno.n;a Bora. Iloro;::(HBCR HaBiTh .n;aBaTH TiM rpilliHH:U:i ;::(OIIOMOry Ha rrpomHTOK, a C06i roBopHB: "lll;o m, MaKape, Maeiii o.n;Hiero oco6mo 6iJihiiie Ha npomHTKY, MYCHIII 6iJihiiie rrpau;IOBaTH". Ta Bor He rroKHHYB cBoro BipHoro cJiyry. Heaa6apoM He"<IecHa HaKJienHHIJ;R 3aXBOpi Jia, a KOJIH He MOrJia p03pO.ZJ;HTHCR, cepe.n; BeJIHKHX 6oJiiB npH3HaJiacR, ~o cB. MaKap HeBHHHHH Ta ~o iHrnHH e 6aThKOM ,ZJ;HTHHH. JliO;::(H, cxal'1eHyBrnHch, ,D;HByBaJIHCh noKopi ii TeprreJIHBOCTi CBRToro Ta 3a;::(yMaJIH rrpocHTH B Hhoro rrpHJilO;::(Horo BH6a"<IeHHR.

105

19

CiYHSI

.D:oBi,ll;aBIIIHCh rrpo n;e, cB. MaKap yTiK ai cBoe'i 1teJiil y BeJIHKY HerrpHBiTHY CKHTChKY rrycTHHIO, ~o rrpocTHrJiacb Mim Jli6ieiO i €rHIITOM. CB. Ma.Kap MaB To.n;i 30 poKiB. Y CKHTChKi:H rrycTHHi rrpomHB CB. MaKap 60 JiiT i cTaB .n;yxOBHHM 6aThKOM 6araThOX CBSITHX rryCTHHHHKiB, ~0 MeiiiKaJIH rro KeJiiHx, poaKH.n;aHHX Mim HiTpi:HcbKOIO :H CKHTChKOIO rrycTHHHMH, aa rrpaBHJiaMH, HKi ,li;JIH HHX CKJIB.B caM cB. MaKap. 3i CBSITHM rrepe6yBaB TiJihKH O,li;HH 6paT, ~0 IIpHMMaB CTOpOHHiX JIIO,ll;eH, SIKi IlpHXO,li;HJIH ,li;O HhOrO 3a IIOpa.n;OIO y CBOIX TiJieCHHX i .n;ymeBHHX He.n;yrax. Ha copoKoBoMy pon;i mHTTH, 6JIH3hKO 340 poKy, rrpHHHHB cB. MaKap aa crrpHHHHHM o.n;Horo a erHrreTChKHX errHcKorriB cB. Taii:Hy CBH~eHHIJ;TBa, ~o6 cJiymHTH .n;yiiiaM 6paTiB. 3rO,li;OM, KOJIH 36iJihiiiHJiaCb KiJihKiCTh MOHaXiB, ~6y.n;yBaJIH TaM "tiOTHpH n;epKBH, B SIKHX "tiOTHpH CBSI~eHHKH ITOCJiyrOBYBaJIH II060mHHM IIYCTHHHHKaM. iKHTTH cB. Ma.Kapa B rrycTHHi 6yJio .n;yme cyBope. 3BH"tlaii:Ho 'iB BiH TiJihKH paa y THm.n;eHh. O.n;Horo ,li;HH :Horo y"tleHh €Bapri:H .n;yme xoTiB IIHTH, TOMY rrpocHB CB. MaKapa .n;oaBOJIHTH ii:oMy HaiiHTHCH xo-q TpoxH Bo.n;H; Ta CBHTHH rropa.n;HB :HoMy cTpHMaTHCh, CIIO"t!HTH TpOXH B TiHi, IlpH"tiOMY CKa3aB: "BrrpO,li;OBm OCTaHHiX 20 JiiT S1 HiKOJIH He lB, He IIHB, He CIIaB CTiJihKH, CKiJihKH .n;oMaraJIOCh ·M:oe TiJio".

CrraB CB. MaKap CTOSI"t!H, crrepiiiHCh TiJihKH .n;o cTiHH. H:oro JIHn;e 6yJio 6Jii.n;e, a TiJio HeMi"tiHe. TiJihKH .n;eKOJIH Ha rrpoxaHHH iHIIIHX KYIIITyBaB TpoxH BHHa; Ta rricJIH Toro CBHTHH .n;Ba-TpH ,li;Hi He IIHB HaBiTh i BO,li;H, ~06 IIOKapaTH ce6e 3a TaKy He3.n;epmJIHBiCTb. Ili3Hiiiie €Bapriii: rrpOCHB rocTeH HiKOJIH He rrpHrrpoiiiyBaTH CBHToro .n;o BHHa. Ilpo .n;yxoBHe mHTTH BHCJIOBJIIOBaBCH CB. MaKap y KiJihKOX CJIOBaX. Pa.n;HB yciM MOBtiaHHSI, IIOKOpy, BMepTBiHHSI, CaMOTy, a rOJIOBHO IIOCTiHHY MOJIHTBY. Ili.n; "tlaC MOJIHTBH B"t!HB He IlpOMOBJISITH 6araTO CJiiB, a TiJihKH rOBOpHTH ~HpHM cepn;eM: "rociiO,li;H, IIOKamH MeHi CBOe MHJIOCep,li;SI. Bome, IIOMOmH MeHi!" ,n:yme mo6HB cep.n;etiHe ai.n;xaHHH JII06oBi :H rroKJia.n;aHHH Ha Bora: ''roCIIO,li;H, 3MHJIOCep,li;HCh Ha,ll;i MHOIO, SIK TH B CBOlH .n;o6poTi XO"tleiii i HaHKpa~e 3Haeiii!" Jlari.n;HiCTh i TeprreJIHBiCTh CB. MaKapa 6yJIH TaKi BeJIHKi :H HerrepeMomHi, ~o HHMH BiH HaBepHyB rroraHChKoro mepn;H, a TaKom 6araTo iHIIIHX oci6. ;.

O.n;Horo paay cKaaaB ii:oMy ,li;HHBOJI: ".H Momy rrepeBH~HTH Te6e B "tlyBaHHSIX, IIOCTaX i 6araTbOX iHJpHX pe"tlaX, aJie TBOSI rroKopa rrepeMarae MeHe :H poaa6po10e".

KoJIH o.n;HH IOHaK rrpocHB y cB. MaKapa .n;yxoBHO'i HayKH, CBHTHH cKaaaB :HoMy rriTH Ha IJ;BHHTap i raHHTH J;Ie6im"tiHKiB, a

106

19

Ci'-IHSI

rroTiM XBa.JIHTH IX. KoJIH JOHaK BHKOHaB :u;e, cB. MaKap 3anHTaB, m;o iioMy Bi.n;noBiJIH MepTBi. - He Bi.n;rroBi.n;aJIH -Hi Ha raHb6y, Hi Ha rroxBa.Jiy, - Bi.n;rroBiB IOHaK. - Terrep i.n;H, - cKa3aB cB. MaKap, - i xaE: Te6e He 3Bopy- .• myJOTb Hi 3HeBarH, Hi xBaJib6a. HK yMpem ,ll;JIH cBiTy i .n;JIH ce6e caMoro, rrotiHem .mHTH .n;JIH XpHcTa. IHmoMy .n;aB TaKy HayKy: "IlpHiiMaii 3 Bo.mHx pyK y6oricTb, HK 6araTCTBO, a rOJIO,ll; i HeCTatiy - HK ,ll;OCTaTOK; TO,ll;i rrepeMo.mem ,ll;HHBOJia i IlpH60pKaem yci IlpHCTpaCTi".

O.n;HH MOHax .maJiiBcH cB. MaKapoBi, m;o B nycTHHi BiH MaB 3aB.m,ll;H CIIOKYCH IIOpymHTH IIiCT, 3aTe B MOHaCTHpi Mir 3 BeCeJIHM cep:u;eM IIOCTHTH BeCb TH.m.n;eHb. - IlpHtiHHOJO D;boro e rrycTa cJiaBa, - Bi.n;rroBiB CBHTHH. IlpHE:MHO IIOCTHTH, KOJIH JIIO,ll;H :u;e 6atiaTb. HKHHCb MOHax rrpocHB JiiKy Bi.n; HetiHCTHX crroKyc. KoJIH CBHTHH 36arHyB IXHJO rrpHtiHHY, m;o rroxo.n;HJIH BOHR 3 JiiHHBCTBa if 6e3.n;iJIJIH, rropa.n;HB HiKOJIH He IcTH .n;o 3axo.n;y coH:u;H, MOJIHTHCH rri.n; 'laC rrpa:u;i i Tpy.n;HTHCb HeBIIHHHO BeCb .n;eHb. 8peTHK 8paKJIHT HaBtiaB JIIO,ll;eH, ID;O HeMa BOCKpeciHHH MepTBHX, XHTPHMH cJioBaMH iioMy B,ll;a.JIOCb HaBiTb 3aXHTaTH Bipy 6araTbOX YtiHiB CB. MaKapa. Ba.maJO'IH 3acopo~H XHTKHX tieH:u;iB, Bo.mHii cJiyra 3aBiB IX Ha D;BHHTap i, rroMOJIHBIDHCb, IIOKJIHKaB IIO iMeHi O,ll;HOrO He.n;aBHO IIOMepJioro MOHaxa. BMepJIHH Bi.n;pa3y :ai.n;rroBiB 3Bi.n;TH. To.n;i MOHaxH po3KOIIa.JIH rpi6, i .mHBHH MOHax BHiimoB 3 rpo6y. Ilo6atiHBIDH E:oro, 8paKJIHT cTpameHHO HaJIHKaBcH if yTiK. A MOHaxH HaotiHO yneBHHJIHCb y BOCKpeciHHi MepTBHX. KoJIH o.n;Horo tiOJIOBiica HecnpaBe.n;JIHBO xoTiJIH 3acy.n;HTH,.

3BHHyBaTHBIDH y B6HBCTBi iHmoro tiOJIOBiKa, CB. MaKap nimoB Ha rpi6 y6HToro i rrpocHB E:oro Bi.n;noBiCTH, tiH ToE:, Ha Koro BIIa.Jia rri.n;o3pa, 6YB cnpaB.n;i E:oro B6HBD;eiO. A rroMepJIHH Bi.n;rroBiB: "He BiH MeHe B6HB, iforo HeBHHHO 3BHHyBatiyJOTb". 3.n;HBOBaHHH D;HM 'IY,ll;OM Hapo.n; IlpOCHB CB. MaKapa CIIHTaTH, XTO crrpaB.mHiH y6HBD;H. Ta CBHTHH Bi.n;rroBiB: "Ilpo :u;e He 6y.n;y IIHTaTH E:oro. ,[(JIH MeHe ,ll;OCHTb, ID;O H BpHTyBaB Bi,ll; HecrrpaBe,ll;JIHBOCTi HeBHHHOrO. Bi.n;.n;aBaTH BHHHHX Ha cy.n; - He MOe .n;iJIO". ,[(o rrocJiyr rocTHM MaB CB. MaKap MOHaxa IBaHa, m;o tiepe3 .ma.n;o6y rrpHCBOIB co6i .n;em;o 3 Toro, m;o 6yJio rrpH3HatieHe .n;JIH B6orHX. CBHTHH 3aCTepiraB tieHD;H Bi.n;.n;aTH tiy.me, 6o iHaKIIIe Brra.n;e Ha Hboro rrpoKa3a, HK Ha fi3eJIH, rro.ma.n;JIHBoro cJiyry rrpopoKa 8JIHCeH. IBaH He rrocJiyxaB i tiepe3 15 poKiB crrpaB.n;i .n;icTaB rrpoKa3y•, IIOMep 6e3 IIOKaHHHH; IIOry6HBlliH CBOIO .n;ymy.

107

19

CiYH~

O.n;Horo .D;H.H o6' .HBHB Bor cB. MaKapoBi, m;o, He3BamaiOtiH Ha HOrO .D;YXOBHi BIIpaBH, BiH He ,n;i:ihUOB m;e ,ll;O TaKOl•,ll;OCKOHa.JIOCTi, .HK ,n;Bi 3aMimHi miHKH B o.n;HoMy MicTet~Ky. CB.HTHH Bi.n;pa3y Bi.D;Bi,n;aB THX :lKiHOK, m;o6 IIi3HaTH lXHiH CIIOCi6 IIJieKaHH.H t~ecHOTH. TaM BiH .n;oBi.n;aBc.H, m;o Ti miHKH 3BepTaJIH oco6JIHBY yBary Ha Te, m;o6 He cKa3aTH mo.n;Horo rrycToro, Herrpo.n;yMaHoro cnoBa. BoHH cTapaJIHC.H 6yTH 3aB:lK.D;H rroKipHHMH, TeprrenHBHMH, Jiari.D;HHMH, IIOBHHMH mo6oBi ,ll;O 6JIH:lKHix; y BChOMy CTapaJIHCfl 6yTH 3ri.D;HHMH 3i CBOlMH tiOJIOBiKaMH Ta iHIIIHMH JIIO,ll;hMH, .HKIIJ;O TiJihKH 6amaHH.H THX mo.n;e:H: He rrpoTHBHJIHCh BomoMy 3aKOHOBi. IloKna.n;aJIHCh y BChOMY Ha Bomy Bomo, 3piKaiOt~HCh cBoe'i BJiacHo'i. By.n;h-.HKY rrpau;IO BHKoHyBaJIH y BeJIHKOMY 3i6paHHi .n;yxy, rrpocnaBJI.HIOtiH Bora :H: rrocBat~yiOtiH Bomi:H: cnaBi Bci cBo'i CHJIH. Y 3 76 pou;i apiaHHH JlyKill:, rrporHaBIIIH 3 OneKcaH.n;pi'i apxierrHcKorra IleTpa, Hacni,n;HHKa CB. ATaHaci.H, i CHJIOIO 3aHH.HBIIIH BJia)l;Hlly CTOJIHIJ;IO, BHCJiaB y IIYCTHHIO BiHChKO po3irHaTH II060:lKHHX MOHaXiB; 6araTO 3 HHX 3aCBi.D;tiHJIH TO.D;i Bi,n;,n;aHiCTh cB. Bipi KpoB'IO. Ha:H:cnaBHiiiiHX acKeTiB: o6ox MaKapii:B, lcH.n;opa, IlaM6a :H: KiJihKOX iHIIIHX HaK;...3aB iMrrepaTop BaneHT 3acnaTH Ha.n; rHpno piKH Hin, .n;e 6ynH BeJIHKi MOt~api. Ta u;e JIHIIIe IIOMHml<HJIO Bomy cnaBy, 6o rrpHKna.n; CB.HToro :lKHTT.H :H: HayKa 3acnaHu;iB HaBepHyJIH .n;o XpHcToBo'i BipH Bcix T:nx rroraH, IIJ;O :lKHJIH B OKOJIHIJ;i. A OCKiJihKH 110 BCiH ,n;epmaBi 3pOCTaJIO o6ypeHH.H Ha JlyKi.H 3a HOrO rrepeCJii.D;yBaHH.H MOHaXiB, TO BiH ,ll;03BOJIHB lM BepHyTHCh ,ll;O KeJiiH . .KoJIH CB. MaKap Bi.D;tiYB KiHeiJ;h CBOel 3eMHOl MaH,n;piBKH, TO Bi.n;Bi,n;aB MOHaxiB y HiTpill:chKill: rrycTHHi, 3aoxot~yiOtiH 'ix .n;o .n;ocKoHanoro man10 3a rpixH. MoHaxH 3i CJih03aMH B ot~ax yrranH ll:oMy .n;o Hir. "Ilnat~Mo, 6paTH, - roBopHB CB.HTHH, - i HexaM: Haiiii Olli BHJIHBaiOTh IIOTOKH CJii3, ,ll;OKH Bi,n;ill:,n;eMO 3Bi.D;CH, 60 iHaKIIIe MH IIOTpaiiHMO B Te Micu;e, ,n;e CJih03H 6y,n;yTh TiJihKH rri,n;TpHMyBaTH Te IIOJiyM' .H, B .HKOMY 6y,n;eMO ropiTH". ,IJ;o Kpam;oro :lKHTT.H Bi.n;ill:IIIOB CB. MaKap Ha 90 pou;i mHTT.H, IIpO:lKHBIIIH 60 JiiT y IIYCTHHi, ,n;e BiH 6yB, Ma6yTh, rrepiiiHM :lKHTeJieM Tie'i HerrpHBiTHo'i OKOJIHIJ;i. MomHa rrpHHHSITH 3a rreBHe, m;o cB. MaKap Bi,n;Bi,n;yBaB CB. AHToHi.H BeJIHKoro.

108

20

-·CB.HTHH

ci~HH

€BTHMIH BEJIHKHH

Hapo,n:meHH.H cB .. 8BTHMi.H 6yJIO IIJIO,l(OM cep,n:e~HllX MOJillTOB rro6omHHX 6aThKiB IlaBJia :H: ,1l;iOHllCi'i, a TaKOJK 3aCTYIIHlliJ;TBa CB. My~eHHKa IIonieBKTa. ITo CKOpift CMepTi IlaBJia, IIIJI.HXeTHOrO :H: 6araToro rpoMa,n:.HHHHa MicTa MeniTHHa y BipMeHi'i, BHxoBaHH.HM MOJIO,l(Oro 8BTllMi.H 3ailH.HBC.H Meni THHChi<Hil errucKorr 0Tpi:H:. Konu 8BTHMiil 3po6HB BeJIHKllll IIOCTYII y CB.HTllX HayKaX, a TaKOJK y MOJillTBi ll yMepTBiHHi, €IIllCKOII 0Tpift BllCB.HTllB ftoro Ha CB.HI.IJ;eHHKa i IIpll3Ha~llB 3aBi,n:aTeJieM MOHaCTHpiB y MeniTHHi. Mono,n:u:H: cB.HI.IJ;eHHK '-IacTo Bi,l(Bi,n:yBaB MOHaCTllp CB. IloJiiE:BKTa, IJ;iJii HO~i IIpOBO,l(.H~ll y MOJIHTBi Ha cyci,n:Hix ropax; TaK po6uB Bin Bi,n: CB.HTa Boro.HBJieHH.H am ,l(O KiHIJ;H BeJIHKOrO IIOCTY. BeJIHKHM 6amaHH.HM cB. 8BTHMi.H 6yno JKHTT.H Ha caMoTi. fioro cepu;e 6amaJIO IIOKllHYTll CBiT i y IJ;iJIKOBllTift CaMOTi IIpOBO,l(llTll ,l(Hi ll HO~i y p03,l(yMyBaHHHX Ha,l( CB.HTllMll rrpaB,l(aMll Ta y ,l(OCKOHaJIOMy crrinKyBaHHi 3 caMHM BoroM. Konu iloMy 6yno 29 poKiB, BiH IIOKllHYB IIOTaUKll MiCTO ll BlliXaB ,l(O CB. 3eMJii. Bi,n:Bi,n:aBIIIII 8pycaJIIIM :H: Ti Micu;.H, ,n:e mnB i TeprriB BomecTBeHHIIil CrracnTeJih, CB. 8BTIIMill 3aMeiiiK8B B O,l(Hill 3 KeJiift 6iJI.H JiaBpli Cl>apaHy, ll.I;O 6yJia II03a 8pycaJIIIMOM. Y JiaBpi Bci MOHaXll MaJIII OKpeMi KeJiil, a u;epKBY - CIIiJihHY, Ky,n:n cxo,n:nnnch Ha 6orocnym6n.

3aH.HTT.HM CB. 8BTIIMiJI CTaJia Terrep IIOCTiftHa, rap.H~a MOJIIITBa rrepe,n: rrpecTOJIOM CBoro TBopu;.H. Konu ,n:yiiia po3MOBJI.HJia 3 BoroM, :H:oro pyKn Bnpo6JI.HJIH KOIIIIIKH, 3apo6JIHIO~II co6i Ha ll.I;O,l(eHHllll IIpOJKIITOK Ta Ha MllJIOCTllHIO ,l(JI.H B60riiX .

•

109

20

CiYH~

IIpmKHBIIIH TaK rr'HTb poKiB, BiAAaJIHBCH cB. ~THMiii 3 nycTHHHHKOM TeoKTHCTOM m;e Ha

10

MHJib BrJIH6 rrycTHHi, B

HarrpsrMi €pnxoHa, Ae o6HABa 3aMeniKaJIH B rret.Iepi, ru;o

ii

3HaHIIIJIH B r JIH60Kiii Ae6pi.

TaM, HK orroBiAae CB. KnpisrK, rrot.IaJIOCb AJIH HHX crrpaBAi

G~HTe .>KHTTH. €BTHMiH He lB Hit.IOI'O BeCb TH.>KAeHb, KpiM cy60TH ii HeAiJii, i TiJibKH B Ti AHi po3MOBJIHB. He JisrraB HiKOJIH, crraB CHAHt.IH a6o CTOHt.IH, rrpHTPHMYIOt.IHCb MOTy3a, ru;o 3BHCaB 3i CKJieiiiHHH IIet.IepH, m;o6 He BIIaCTH IIiA t.IaC CHY. jf\JfBHJIHCb 06HABa CBHTi IIYCTHHHHKH BCHKHM CHpHM 3iJIJIHM. BJIH3bKO

411

poKy rrot.IaB cB. €BTHMiii A03BOJIHTH rro6o.>KHHM

rrycTHHHHKaM ceJIHTHCH 6iJIH iioro rret.Iepn. TaK rrocTaB MOHaCTHp. ToAi CBHTHii AOPYl.JHB HaCTOHTeJibCTBO B HbOMy CB. TeoKTHCTOBi, a caM BiAiiiiiiOB y rJIH6 rrycTHHi PyBa HaA MepTBHM MopeM, Ae rrpOB0,4HB AHi y D;iJIKOBHTiH CaMOTi B TiH IIet.Iepi, y HKiH KOJIHCb ,Z:(aBHA xoBaBcsr BiA CaBJia. TiJibKH B cy6oTH ii HeAiJii rrpHHMaB THX, ru;o rrpHXOAHJIH AO Hboro 3a AyxOBHHMH rropaAaMH. CBOlX MOHaxiB 3aOXOt.IyBaB He lCTH HiKOJIH AO CHTOCTi, aJie OAHOt.IaCHO CyBOpO 3a6opOHHB YCHKY HaAMipHiCTb y

IIOCTaX,

TpaKTyiOt.IH :u;e HK BHHB IIYCTOl CJiaBH H BJiaCHOl BO.)Ii. 3a HOI'O rrpHKJiaAOM MOHaxH imJIH rricJisr BorosrBJieHHH B r JIH6oKy rryru;y H rrepe6YBaJIH TaM_:.a.>K AO KBiTHeBOl HeAiJii, IIOTiM CXOAHJIHCb 3HOBy pa30M AO MOHaCTHpH, m;o6 BiAIIpaBHTH 6orOCJiy.>K6y CTpaCHOI'O TH.>KHH. YBeCb CBiH t.IaC IIpOBOAHJIH B MOJIHTBi H rrpa:u;i, TaK ID;O MaJIH ~OBOJii Ha IIpO.>KHTOK, a TaKO.>K Ha MHJIOCTHHIO AJIH B6ornx.

Y

Toii t.Iac rroBepHyB cB. €BTHMiii 3HaKOM CB.

KOpOTKOIO MOJIHTBOIO 3AOPOB' H

xpecTa ii

CHHOBi apa6CbKOI'O KHH3H

Acrre6eTa Tepe6oHoBi, m;o MaB crrapaJii3oBaHy rroJIOBHHY TiJia. KoJIH Acrre6eT, HaAapeMHO rrpo6yBaBIIIH 03AOPOBHTH CHHa 3a AOIIOMOI'OIO rrepCbKOl Mari'i, II06at.IHB TaKe t.IYAO, TO IIOIIpOCHB cB. Xpnm;eHHH ii. rrpHiiHHB iM' sr IleTpa. 3roAOM cTiJibKH apa6iB rrimJio 3a rrpHKJiaAOM KHH3H Acrre6eTa i

rrpHHHHJIO XpncToBy

Bipy, ID;O €py<;aJIHMCbKHH IIaTpiapx J0BeHaJiiH BHCBHTHB IleTpa Ha eiiHCKOIIa AJIH HOBOXpHCTHHH. Y

CJiy.>KiHHH

AYXOBHHM

420 po:u;i 36YAYBaB IleTpO CB.

IIOTpe6aM

THX

€BTHMieBi JiaBpy

rrpH IIIJisrxy Mi.>K €pycaJIHMOM i €pnxoHOM, aJie BiH i AaJii .>KHB Ha CaMOTi, a MOHaCTHpeM 3aBiAyBaB t.Iepe3 HaCTOHTeJiiB, HKHM AaBaB.:>BiAIIOBiAHi AOpYl.JeHHH B HeAiJii. IlOKOpa H JII060B CB. €BTHMiH OApa3y IIOJIOHHJia cep:u;sr BciX, x.fo TiJibKH 3aroBopHB 3 HHM. A cJii3bMH BeJIHKoro ApceHisr.

110

rrepeBH~yBaB, Ma6yTb,

20

Ci'lHSI

KHpHJIO CKHTorriJihChKmi aacB~'tlye, ~o CB. €BTHMiii po6HB 6araTo -qy~ec 3HaKOM CB. xpecTa. HKOCb y BeJIHKY rrocyxy CBJITHH rrpOCHB JIIO~e:H: DOKYTOIO Bi~BepHYTH Bi~ ce6e He6ecHy Kapy. To~i BeJIHKa rpoM~a JIIO~eil: npHii:mna a xpecTaMH il: crriBOM "rocno~H, IIOMHJiyil:" IIi~ HOrO KeJiiiO Ta 6Jiarana HOrO IIOMOJIHTHCJI 3a HHX ~o Bora. A BiH cKaaaB: "H rpimHHK, HK MeHi Bi~BruKHTHCh cTaTH rrepe~ BoroM, ~o rHiBaE:TbcJI aa Hami rpixu? IlpHrr~eMo rrepe~ HHM paaoM ~o aeMJii, i BiH BHcnyxae Hac". JIIO~H nocnyXaJIH CB. €BTHMiJI, a BiH IIiiiiOB 3 KiJibKOMa CBOIMH MOHaxaMH ~o KannHu;i i MOJIHBCJI, ne.ma't!H xpecToM Ha aeMJii. Bi~paay He6o aaTJirHyJiocH xMapaMH il: nimoB npoJIHBHHH ~om;.

CB. €BTHMiil: npHHMaB m;opaa 6iJihme y-qHiB, HKi aronomyBaJIHCJI ~o Hboro. TaKHM 't!HHOM nocTana npH il:oro rre-qepi HOBa JiaBpa, ~o Ha3HBaJiacb €BTHMieBa. ,l.l;o Hel cB. €BTHMiil: rrpH:H:MaB TiJihKH TaKHX MOHaXiB, III;O Bme nepe6yBaJIH ~OBrHH 'tlaC y MOHaCTHpi, B JiaBpi TeoKTHCTa, il: 6yJIH Bme rrpH3BH'tlaeHi ~o IIOCTiB Ta iHIIIHX MOHaiiiHX 'tleCHOT. KpiM MOJIHTBH, BCi MOHaXH rrpaiJ;IOBaJIH, 60 JiiHOIIJ;i BBa.maJIHCH HaH6iJibiiiHM rpiXOM. Ilpo u;e TaK HaB'tlaB CB. €BTHMiH CBOlX MOHaXiB: "HacJii~yHMO arrocToJia ITaBna, HKHH TPY~HBCJI B~eHb i BHO'tli, i He TiJihKH caM yHHKaB Hepo6cTBa, ane m;e il: iHIIIHM cJiymHB CBg£10 npa.u;e10, rrpo IIJ;O caM TaK IIHCaB: "BH CaMi 3Ha€Te, III;O MOi~ IIOTpe6aM i THX, JIKi 30 MHOIO, CJIY.)KHJIH ou;i PYKH" (,l.J;i 20:34). flKIII;O CBiTChKi JIIO~H aaB~aiOTh co6i cTiJihKH TPY~Y il: TepnJIHTh, Typ6yiO'tiHCh HeBIIHHHO, III;06 rrporo~yBaTH CBOlX miHOK i ~iTeR, IIpHHOCj{qH ai cBoei: rrpau;i .mepTBY Boroai, ~aiO'tiH MHJIOCTHHIO a6orHM i crrJia-qyiOtiH ycaKi rro~aTKH, TO MH, MOHaxH, He MaJIH 6 TPY~HTHCH ~JIJI HeBeJIHtiKHX rroTpe6 cBoro TiJia? MycHMO TPY~HTHCJI, ~o6 He BIIaCTH B Hepo6CTBO H He rroi:~aTH IIJIO~iB -qy.moi: rrpa.u;i, CJIOBaMH anOCTOJia: "KOJIH XTO He XO'tle rrpaii;IOBaTH, HeXaH i He lCTb".

Xoq CB. €BTHMiH rrepe6yBaB y rJiyXiH IIYCTHHi, Ta He CIIYCKaB CBoro oKa ai crrpaB IJ;epKBH. Ha BceneHCbKHH Co6op y Ecpeci (431 p.) BiH IIOCJiaB €IIHCKOIIa IleTpa JIK CBOrO rrpe~CTBBHHKa. Y Co6opi XanKi~oHChKOMY (451 p.) Te.m 6paB y-qacTb -qepea cBoi:x rrpe~cTaBHHKiB. ITicJIJI Toro Co6opy ~i:Hmno B IIanecTHHi ~o aeJIHKoro aaMimaHHJI. Y €pycaJIHMi MOHax Teo~oci:H, epeTHK, 3BiB Ha €BTHXiJIHCbKY €peCb 6araTO MOHaXiB, a TaKO.)K i u;apHII;IO €B~oKiiO, B~oBy no Teo~ocieBi Mono~moMy, JIKa rricJIJI cMepTi CBOrO 't!OJIOBiKa IIpO.mHBaJia B €pyCaJIHMi. ,l.J;iHIIIJIO ~0 TOrO, III;O rrporHaJIH a €pycaJIHMa naTpiapxa IOBeHania, a caM Teo~ociil: IIOciB il:oro rfpeCTOJI. Bi~paay IIO'tlaB, JIK XH.)KHH BOBK, y

aa

111

20

Ci4HSl

HaHJIIOTiiinn{ cnoci6 MY'UiTH i B6HBaTH THX CB.fi~~HH:KiB, ~0 He XOTiJIH npHHH.HTH epeci. Y nyCTHHIO TIOCHJiaB BiHCbKO B6HBaTH nipHHX en. ll,epKni rrycTHHHHKiB. To.n;i :H en. €nTHMi:H 3Ha:Hmon cni:H cxonoK y Ha:H6iJihiii rJiyxi:H rrycTHHi Pyna. KoJIH m no 20 Mic.Hu;.Hx Teo.n;oci:H TaliKoMa BTiK 3 €pycaJinMa, To.n;i en. €BTHMi:H BepHyBC.H ,D;O CBOel JiaBpH. TnM qacoM u;apnu;ro €n.n;oKiiD noqaJIH MyqHTH .n;oKopn CYMJiiHH.H 3a Te, ~0 BOHa rri,n;TpHMyBaJia eBTHXi.HHCbKY epeCh. Ji: TpHnora ~e 6iJihllle 3pocJia, KOJIH naH.n;aJIH cnycTOIII:HJIH PHM i 3a6paJIH 3 co6oro B noJioH .n;o Aq)pHKH 11 .n;oqKy :H .n;ni BHyqKH. To.n;i noHa rrocJiaJia JIID.n;e:H 3a nopa.n;oro .n;o en. CeMeHa CTonnHnKa. Cn. CeMeH nepeKa3aB u;apHu;i, ~o ii po.n;HHHi He~acT.H 6yJIH Bomoro Kaporo 3a Te, ~o BOHa noKHHyJia :H nepecJii.n;yna.na npan,n;Hny Bipy, nopa,n;HBIIIH Ill IIiTH 3a BKa3iBKaMH ,D;O CB. €BTHMi.H . .kTJ:e OCKiJihKH CB.HTHH He .n;onycKaB ,D;O CBOel JiaBpH .»<iHOK, TO u;apHIJ;.H €B,D;OKi.H HaKa3aJia 36y.n;yBaTH B nyCTHHi Be.»<y i rrpOCHJia en. €nTHMi.H npH6yTH TY,D;H. Cn.HTHH CKa3an u;apHu;i nopnaTH 3 £BTHxi.HHaMH, i:xniM 6e36o.»<HHM naTpiapxoM Teo.n;ocieM Ta npHHH.HTH nocTaHoBH XaJIKi.n;oHChKoro Co6opy. ll,apHIJ;.H rrpHHH.HJia :Horo rropa.n;y, .HK BomHH HaKa3. BoHa nepHyJiac.H .n;o npan.n;Hno1ll,epKBH :H .n;o naTpiapxa IOnenaJii.H . 3a 11 npHKJia.n;oM rriiiiJIO .n;yme 6araTo JIID.n;e:H. OcTaHHi poKH cnoro .»<HTT.H nponeJia €n.n;oKi.H n rroKa.HHHHX i no6omHHX .n;iJiax. Y 459 por~i 3a6amaJia u;apHI.l;.H nomepTByBaTH Ha npO.tKUTOK MOHaXiB 6araTO rpOllleH i nocJiaJia no €nTHMi.H, ~o6 npn:6yn y Ti:H cnpani .n;o nemi. Ta Cn.HTHH TiJihKH npHcJian 'i:H ni.n;rroni.n;h: "IlpH TBo1x .n;nep.Hx m.n;e Te6e CMepTb. Hani~o To6i mypHTHCh HaMH? ,lJ;yMa:H npo Te, ~o noTpi6He ,D;JI.H ,D;06po1 CMepTi. ,lJ;JI.R HaC MO.»<eiii 3p06HTH TiJihKH o.n;ne: MOJIHC.H 3a Hac .n;o Bora". ll,apHIJ;.H cnpan.n;i He3a6apoM nOMepJia. Komi en. €BTHMieni 6yJio 90 poKiB, o6'.HBHB :HoMy Bor, ~o noKJIHqe no He6ecHy Haropo.n;y nepiiioro :Horo yqH.fl - TeoKTHCTa. Cn €BTHMi:H BH6panc.H .n;o JianpH, ~o6 Ha pyKax cnoro .n;yxonHoro 6aTbKa 'l'eoKTHCT Mir ni.n;.n;aTH Baroni cnoro npane.n;Hy, rronHy aacJiyr i qecHOT .n;yiiiy.

O.n;HHM 3 ocTaHHix yqHiB en. €BTHMi.H 6yn en. Cana, ~o pa30M 3 npaBe,D;HHM ,lJ;OMeTi.HHOM 6yJIH HeDi,D;CTynHHMH TOBapHIIIaMH 6oroMiJihHoro JKHTT.H Cn.HTOro B ocTaHHi poKH M:oro 3eMHo1 ¥aH.n;piBKH. Y 4 73 pou;i, 13 ciqH.fl, npH6yJIH ,D;O neqepH CB. €BTHMi.H MapTHpi:H Ta lJIJI.H, .HKHM niH npopoKynan, ~o 6y.n;yTh epycaJIHMChKHMH naTpiapxaMH. BoHH 3 KiJihKOMa iHIIIHMH MonaxaMH 6amaJIH 6yTH 3i CB. €BTHMiEM ni,D; qac HOrO BeJIHKOnOCHOrO

112

20

Ci'-IH51

ITOKaHHH.R B r;m6Imi ITYCTRHi. Ta :o;nM pa30M niH cKa3aB 1M, :w;o 3aJIRIIIRTbCH 3 HRMR BeCb TRm.n;eHb i ITOITpo:w;aeTbC.R 3 HRMR HaCTYITHoi: He.n;iJii. TnMn cJioBaMn .n;anaB ITi3HaTn, :w;o ITOITpo:w;aeThCH 3 HRMR nme Ha3anm.n;n. ITo Tpbox .n;HHX Ha 3araJibHOMy"' "<IyBaHHi B HaBe"<Iip'H CB.RTa CB. AHTOHi.R CB. €BTRMiH BRrOJIOCRB HayKy .n;o cnoi:x .n;yxoBHnx cnHiB, 3aoxo"<IyiO"<IR i:x .n;o ITOKopn :t:i: 6paTHboi: JII06oni. IIoTiM ITPR3Ha"<~nB IJIJIIO cnoi:M HacTyiTHRKOM, a TaKom ITpe.n;piK yJII06JieHOMY cnoeMy y-qHeBi )J;oMeTi.RHOBi, :w;o H BiH CbOMOrO ,li;H.R ITOCITiiiiRTb 3a CB. €BTRMiE:M ,li;O Kpa:w;oro mRTTH. CB. €BTRMi:t:i: ITOMep 20 Ci"<IHH, Ha 95 po:o;i mRTTH, 3 HKRX 68 JiiT ITpoBiB y ITYCTRHi. )J;yiiiy CnHToro, :w;o JinHyJia .n;o He6a, IT06a"<InB en. rapacnM, HKRH ITOCITiiiinB ni.n;pa3y Ha :t:i:oro IToxopoH; Ky.n;n ITpn6yn TaKom ITaTpiapx AHacTaci:t:i:. TiJio CBHToro ITOKJiaJin 7 )J;H.R ITiCJI.R cMepTi B Ti:t:i: caMi:t:i: ITe"<Iepi, .n;e niH mnn. KnpnJio CKnToiTiJihChKRM aacni.n;"<InB, :w;o en. €BTRMi:t:i: "<~aCTO .RBJI.RBCH ITO CBOlH CMepTi i 3a :t:i:oro ITOCepe)J;HRIJ;TBOM .n;iHJIOC.R 6araTO "<Iy.n;ec, CBi)J;KOM .RKRX BiH 6yB. BipHRH )J;oMeTi.RH ITO CMepTi CBOrO BeJIRKOrO B"<IRTeJIH, 3 HKRM ITpOmRB 50 JiiT, He Bi,li;XO,li;RB yme Bi.n; :t:i:oro MOrRJIR, MOJIH"<IRCb TaM B,ll;eHb i BHO"<Ii Ta "<IeKaiO"<IR CITOBHeHH.R TOrO, ~0 CKa3aB CB. €BTRMi:t:i:. IIpopo:o;TBO CnHToro CITOBHRJIOCH. BocbMoro .n;H.R ITiCJI.R CMepTi CB. €BTRMiH 3HaHIIIJIR )J;oMeTiHHa MepTBRM 6iJI.R rpo6y B"<IRTeJI.R. TaK i 3aCHYB TaM ciToKi:t:i:Ho cepe.n; MOJIRTOB. IIicJIH cMepTi en. €BTRMi.R en. Cana ITOCTaHOBRB CBHTKyBaTn Ha -qecTb Cn.RToro oKpeMe CB.RTo; Toro ITpn.n;epmyroTbC.R .n;oci .RK y rpeiJ;bKOMy, TaK i B JiaTRHCbKOMy o6pH.n;ax. 3a rpeiJ;bKRM o6pH.n;oM en. €BTRMiH BeJin"<IaiOTh BeJIRKRM. 20 ci'IH.f!

CB.HTHH MAKCHM Cn. MaKcnM 6yn o.n;HnM 3 Tnx BeJimmx ITpanonipHnx cxi.n;Horo o6pH.n;y, :w;o ITO-repOHCbKR, mRTTHM i ITRCeMHRM CJIOBOM, paHaMR H TepiTiHHHM am ,li;O CaMOl CMepTi Bi.n;BamHO 6opOBCH 3 epeTRKaMR 3a ITpan.n;nny XpncTony nipy Ta aa ITOBary .n;o ArrocTOJibCbKoi: CToJin:o;i B PnMi. 3a Te :t:i: Ha3BaJia :t:i:oro IJ;epKBa XpncTOBRM Bn3Han:o;eM. Hapo.n;nnc.R en. MaKCRM 6JIR3hKO 580 poKy B IJ;apropo.n;i y 3aMomHi:t:i: i ITo6omHi:t:i: po.n;nHi. KoJin ITi.n;pic, iMITepaTop IpaKJii:t:i: B3.RB :iioro .n;o•cnoro .n;nopy roJIOBHRM ITncapeM. By;m n;e .n;yme namKi "<Iacn .n;JI.R XpncTonoi: IJ;epKBn. lllnpnJiac.R epecb 3a epecciO.

113

20

·fl

CiYH51

Jle,n;Be IIpMTJIIXJIO apiaHCTBO, a B»ee IIpMHIIIJia epee~ MOHOTeJIMTiB, a6o o,n;HoBiJihD;iB, 6aJiaMyTRqJII mo,n;eii:, Haqe6To B Icyci XpncTi 6yJia TiJihKM o,n;Ha BOJIR i1: o,n;He ,n;iRHHR, xoq y Hhoro RK y BoroqoJioBiKa 6yJIM ,n;Bi BoJii i1: ,n;Bi ,n;iRJihHOCTi: Boma i1: JIIO,n;chKa. Ha Hern;acTR KaTOJIMKiB, epeTMKiB oqoJIIOBaJIM ,n;Ba rraTpiapxn: :u;apropo,n;chKMii Cepriii: i oJieKcaH,n;piiichKMii Knp, epeTMKOM cTaB i caM iMrrepaTop IpaKJiiii:. O,n;nH TiJihKM €pycaJIMMChKMii rraTpiapx cB. Co<}lpoH MymHhO o6opoHRB rrpaB,n;MBY Bipy.

I..J:apChKOMY IIJIICapeBi HeCTepiiHO CTaJIO CJiy»CMTJII TaKOMY BOJIO,ll;apiO, TOMy, 3piKIIIMCh rroca,n;M rrpM iMrrepaTOpChKOMY ,li;BOpi, rrocTpnrcR B qeH:u;i y Xpn3orriJihChKOMY MOHaCTMpi ( Terrep CKyTapi rro6JIM3Y I..J:apropo,n;a).

Xoq cB. MaKCMM mMB rrpn :u;apchKOMY ,n;Bopi, Ta :u;e He rrepernKo,n;nJio ii:oMy cTaTM ,n;o6pMM MOHaxoM. MnHyJio BChoro KiJihKa poKiB, a BiH Bme 6yB TaKMM peBHMM y MOJIMTBi i BMepTBiHHi, rrpa:u;i, JII060Bi H iHIIIJIIX qecHOTaX, ID;O MOHaXJII BM6paJIM ii:oro cBoi:M HaCTORTeJieM-iryMeHoM. To,n;i BiH i HarrncaB KiJihKa rrpa:u;h rrpo BMCOKY, MiCTJIIqHy 3JIYKY 3 Eo roM. Y Toll: qac, Ha rrpoxaHHR CepriR, iMrrepaTop IpaKJiiii: rri,n;rrncaB eKTe3iC (IIORCHeHHR BipH), T06TO HOBe BJII3HaHHR BipM B po3yMiHHi epeTMKiB-O,li;HOBiJihD;iB, HaB' R3yiOqJII BCiM i BCIO,li;JII Bipy B Te, lll;O Icyc XpncTo27 xoq 6yB BoroM i qoJioBiKoM, MaB TiJihKM o,n;Hy BOJIIO i1: o,n;He 6amaHHR Ta ,n;iRHHR. CB. MaKCMM, ,n;i3HaBIIIMCh, rn;o rrpoTM o,n;HoBiJihD;iB BMCTYITMB Ha 3axo,n;i II ana IBaH IV, Bi,li;KMHYB iMrrepaTOpChKMH e:KTe3iC, rriiiiOB 3 MOHaCTMpR i rrycTMBCR B ,n;aJieKy rro,n;opom ,n;o A<}lpMKM i1: IlaJiecTMHM, 3aoxoqyroqn €1IJIICKOIIiB HeiiOXHTHO CTO.HTH y rrpaB,li;MBiH Bipi H He rrpnii:MaTM epeTHD;hKoro BipocrroBi,n;aHHR. TaM Bi,n;Bi,n;aB BiH TaKom cB. Co<}lpoHa, €pycaJIHMChKoro rraTpiapxa, rn;o rrepe6yBaB To,n;i B rrycTMHi. Horo MaKCMM Ha3MBaB CBOIM 6aThKOM, yqnTeJieM i rrpoBi,n;HHKOM. KoJIM cB. Ca<lJPOH He3a6apoM rroMep, cB. MaKCHM caM cTaB roJIOBHHM o6opoH:u;eM rrpaB,n;MBoi: BipH Ha Cxo,n;i.

TnM qacoM rroBMMpaJIM Cepriii: i Knp, a TaKom iMrrepaTop IpaKJiiii:, RKH:ii: rrepe,n; cMepTIO xoq i cKacyBaB cBiii: epeTRD;hKMii Ha:Ka3, Ta I..J:epKBa He MaJia CIIOKOIO. Mim :u;apropO,li;ChKMMJII rraTpiapxaMH BeJiacR 6opOTh6a 3a rraTpiaprnnii: rrpecToJI. Ilpo o,n;Horo 3 HMX- Ilnpa, rrHcaB CB. MaKCHM: "KoJIM ArrocTOJihChKa CTOJIHD;R rrpM3Hae IInpa 3a epeTHKa i BMKJIRToro, TO :u;e 30BciM rreBHe, ID;O KO»CHMH, XTO BH:KJIJIIHae TMX, ID;O OCY,li;HJIH Ilnpa, BHKJIHHae ArrocTOJihChKY CToJIMD;IO, a :u;e 03Haqae - KaTOJIMD;hKY I..J:epKBY ... ArrocTOJihChKa CTOJIMD;R o,n;epmaJia Haii:Bnrn;y BJia,n;y i1: CMJiy B' R3aTM i1: po3B' R3yBaTM B ycix Bomnx :u;epKBax y cBiTi Bi,n; caMoro BorrJioqeHoro Bomoro CnHa i1: ycix CBRTMX Co6opiB". Y 114

20

Ci4H51

645 pon;i fpHropiii, HaMiCHHK a<l:>pHKaHChK01 npoBiHn;i1 ii .n;pyr MaKCHMa, ,n;oBiB .n;o ,n;HcrryTy Mim IlHpoM i MaKCHMOM. IlHp HaBepHyBc.H .n;o npaB,n;nBo1 UepKBH i BHi:xaB .n;o PHMa, .n;o IIanH Teo.n;opa I, ru;o6 Bi,n;peKTHC.H MOHOTeJIJITChKo1 e:peci.

TpboMa poKaMJI rri3Hirne mopcTOKHH HacJii,!l;HHK lpaKJii.a, '"' iMnepaTop KoHcTaHc II, BH,n;aB iMnepaTopchKHH ,n;eKpeT - THrroc ( o6pa3 BipH) ,!l;JI.H ni,n;TpHMKH e:peci o,n;HoBiJihiJ;iB. To.n;i Ilana MapTHH I CKJIHKaB y PHMi Jl.aTepaHChKHH Co6op, .HKHH ocy,n;HB TOM ,n;eKpeT. Ue TaK po3JIIOTHJIO iMnepaTopa, ru;o BiH HaKaJaB yB'.H3HHTH Ilany ii JacJiaTH iioro 653 poKy B XepcoH (KopcyHh) Ha,n; qopHHM MopeM, .n;e IIany TaK MYtJHJIH ii MOpliJIH roJio,n;oM, ru;o 655 poKy cB. MapTHH JaKiHtJHB cBoe :>KHTT.H cMepTio Bli3HaBIJ;.H. Y Jl.aTepaHChKOMY Co6opi B3.HB yqacTh TaKo:m cB. MaKCHM 3 ,n;BoMa cBo1MH yqH.HMH AHacTaci.aMH - cB.aru;eHHKOM i MOHaxoM. CB. MaKCHM TaK BHpa3HO Ha Co6opi 3MaJIIOBaB cTpa:m,n;aHH.H IJ;epKBli, 3YXBaJiiCTh epeTHKiB i 3JIOID;aCHe BTpyqaHH.H iMrrepaTopa B cnpaBH cB. BipH, ru;o 3BepHyB Ha ce6e yBary Bcie1 .n;epmaBH. KoJIJI 3I'O,!l;OM cB. MaKCHM BHCTYTIHB npoTJI iMnepaTopcbKoro epeTHIJ;hKOro ,n;eKpeTy nepe.n; iMnepaTopchKHM nocJioM, iioro TaKo:m yB'.H3HHJIH ii noBe3JIH .n;o IJ:apropo.n;a. MaB To,n;i cB. MaKCHM 75 poKiB. IIi.n; qac .n;orrJITiB iioMy 3po6JIJIH JaKH,n; y WJOTH,n;ep:maBHiii 3MOBi Ta y TOMy, ru;o npH ni,n;TpHMIJ;i PHMa npoTH iMnepaTopcbKoro ,n;eKpeTy BiH ocy.n;myBaB UepKBY B Uapropo.n;i. Ha Te CMiJIHBO Bi,!l;TIOBiB CB. o6opoHeiJ;h rrpaB,!l;HB01 BipH: ".ff He OCY,!l;:>KYIO :>KO,!l;HOl n;epKBli, Ta .H lliBli,!l;llie BTpaqy q10e :>KHTT.H, Hi:>K Bi.n;cTyrrJIIOC.H xoq Ha KpoK Bi.n; BipH". Po3rrpaBa JaKiHtJJIJiach JacJiaHH.HM cB. MaKCJIMa .n;o MicTetJKa Bi3H1 B TpaKii:. TaKa ,n;oJI.H tJeKaJia TaKom o6ox AHacTaci1B, iioro ytJHiB. CB.HTHH BH3HaBen;Jo. HaTeprriBC.H TaM .n;oBoJii Bi.n; xoJio.n;y, roJio,n;y ii npHHH:>KeHh. IJo KiJihKOX MiC.HIJ;.HX BHCJiaJIJI )1;0 HhOI'O, 3a rrpOBO,!l;OM Teo.n;oci.a, errHCKona Kecapi1 B BiTHHil, KOMiciiO, ru;o MaJia BeCTH 3 MaKCHMOM neperoBopH y cnpaBi cB. BipH. MaKCHM TaK rrepeKOHJIHBO roBopHB npo ,n;Bi npHpo.n;H B XpHcTi Ta npo HeMO:>KJIHBiCTh MOBtJaHH.H B CrrpaBaX Bipli TO)l;i, KOJIJI Tpe6a CTaBaTJI B 11 o6opoHi, ru;o eTIHCKOrr Teo.n;ociii rriJHaB, ru;o rrpaB,n;a - Ha 6on;i rrpaBOBipHliX i o6iiJ;.HB HaBiTh HaBepHyTHC.H )1;0 ArroCTOJihChK01 CTOJIHIJ;i. ,r(aB TaKom cB. MaKCHMOBi TpoxH rporneii i o.n;e:my.

IIicJI.a THX neperoBopiB nepeBe3JIH CB. MaKCHMa .n;o MOHaCTHp.H B PeriL A.rre He3a6apoM npH6yB Ty,n;H 3HOBY errHcRorr Teo.n;ociii 3 rrocJiaHHJIKaMH iMnepaTopa Ta 3 3a.HBOID, ru;o TOR Ha.n;iJIHTh iioro pi3HHMH noqe~T.HMH, .aKru;o BiH npHHMe iioro THrroc. To.n;i npHra.n;aB CB. MaRCHM Teo.n;ocieBi iioro nonepe.n;He rrpM:petieHH.H, .HKe 115

21

Ci4Hfl

BiH apoi'hiB Ha CB. €BaHreJiieBi, xpecTi :ii Ha o6paai Bo)fi:Ol MaTepi.

Ta Teo.n;oci:ii Bi.n;rroBiB xoJio.n;Ho: "II.J;o .R MO.iKY apo6HTH? lMrrepaTop 3MiHHB CBi:ii rrorJI.a.n;". IlpoTe MaKCHM .n;aJii CTO.RB HerroxHTHO y rrpaB,ZJ;HBi:ii Bipi. 3a Te IIJIIOJIH :iioMy B JIH:o;e, 6HJIH :iioro, aa6paJIH B HhOrO rporni i BCe, Ill;O MaB, a HaCTYIIHOrO ,ll;H.R IIOT.RrJIH ,ll;O CeJieM6pil, a 3Bi,ZJ;TH - .n;o IIep6epiB, .n;e B.me M~HJIHCh y TIOpMi :iioro ~Hi :ii rroMi"<IHHKH, o6H.n;Ba AHacTacil.

IliCJI.R IIIeCTH ,ll;OBrHX poKiB HeCTaTKiB i TeprriHH.R y B' .R3HM:o;i IIpMBe3JIM CB. BM3HaB:o;iB 3HOBY ,ll;O IJ;apropo.n;a Ha cy.n; epeTMKiB. TaM ycix Tphox aacy.n;MJIM Ha .n;ocMepTHY B'.R3HM:o;ro, a rrepe.n; TMM 6M"<IyBaJII>i, Bi.n;pi3aJIM lM .R3HKM, IIOBi.n;py6yBaJIH rrpaBM:U:i.

Iloa6aBJieHi .R3MKa, He MOrJIH B.iKe IIpOIIOBi,ZJ;yBaTH rrpaB,ZJ;HBOl BipM, a II036aBJieHi pyK - He MOrJIM IIMCaTM rrpaBOBipHHX IIOB"<IaHh; Ta BOHH BCe .iK BM3HaBaJIM Bipy repOHChKOIO TeprreJIHBiCTIO cepe.n; MYK i MY.iKHicTIO B ro.n;HHY cMepTi. BeJIMKMH Bo.iKHH cJiyra MaKCHM aaJIHIIIMB HaM y crra.n;rn;HHY peJiiri:iiHi TBopu: Ilo.RcHeHH.R CB.RToro IlHChMa i TBopiB ,IJ;ioHMCi.R ApeorrariTa, "PoaMoBy .n;Box MOHaxiB rrpo .n;yxoBHe .iKMTT.R .. :ii JIMCTM, "<IHM a.n;o6yB co6i iM'.R - 6aThKa cxi.n;Hoi: MiCTHKH. Ta roJIOBHOIO :iioro crra.n;rn;MHOIO ,ZJ;JI.R Hac i Bciei: XpHCTOBOl IJ;epKBM e repo:iichlili:ii rrpMKJia.n; BM3HaHH.R rrpaB,ZJ;HBoi: BipH :ii HerroxMTHOl BipHocTi CB. ArrocTOJihChKi:ii CToJiu:o;i.

21

ci'I:H.H

CBHTHH HEO«<liT 3 rpe:o;hKOl MiHei: .n;oBi.n;yeMOCh, rn;o aa rrpaBJiiHH.R pHMChKOro iMrrepaTopa ,IJ;ioKJieTiaHa .iKMB y MaJii:ii Aail, B MicTi HiKe!, rro6o.iKHMH IOHaK Heo¢iT, rn;o B.iKe Ha 10 po:u;i .iKMTT.R po6MB "<~y.n;a. 3ro.n;oM BiH .iKMB y rre-qepi, a orricJI.R aaruHyB aa XpHCTOBY Bipy. 3a HaKa30M cy.n;.n;i BOHR rrpo6HB Heo<.}:!iTOBi CIIIICOM rpy,ZJ;M 6JIM3hKO 290 poKy. 21

Ci'IH.H

CB.HTIIH €BrEH TA ,li;PY»CIIHA Y "<laC ,Il;iOKJieTiaHOBOrO roHiHH.R Inl. XpMCTH.RH TpM My.iKi, KaHi.n;i:ii, Banepi.RH i AKuJia, aaJIMIIIMJIH cBoi: .n;oMM :ii yce Ma:iiHo Ta rriiiiJIH B ropu TparreaoHTY. 3ro.n;oM i:x BHCTemMJIM rroraHH i 116

22

Ci"'HSI

TipHBeJIH ,ll;O BOeBO,ll;H JlH3iH. 1\0JIH Ha HOI'O BHMOI'Y TpH TipHHTeJii Bi,ZJ;MOBHJIHCH npHHeCTH .mepTBH TIOI'aHChKHM 6o.mKaM, JlH3iH HaKa3aB 6HTH lX BOJIOBHMH .)KHJiaMH, ,D;pHnaTH 3aJii3HHMH KirTHMH Ta npHrriKaTH cBi 1IKaMH. O.n;HaK Bo.ma CHJia HeBH,ZJ;HM'b KpirrHJia CBHTHX y MyKax, a cJiyr MYtiHTeJIH TaK Ha.JIHKaJia, ~o BOHH nona.n;aJIH, HatJe MepTBi, Ha 3eMJIIO. HaJIHKaHHH BOeBo.n;a 3BeJiiB Bi,ZJ;BeCTH lX ,ll;O B'H3HHD;i.

ITo KiJihKOX .n;HHX npHBeJIH Ha MYKH ~e H: CB. €BreHa. Mora crrotJaTKY CHJihHO no6HJIH. OnicJIH JlHaiH: HaKaaaB 3aBeCTH H:oro ,ll;O TIOI'aHChKOI'O xpaMy, CTIO,D;iBaiOtJHCh, ~0 CB. €BreH npHHece .mepTBH i.n;oJiaM. Ta KOJIH cB. MYtJeHHKa npHBeJIH B xpaM, BiH noMOJIHBCH, H: i.n;oJIH po3cHrraJIHCH Ha nopox. IIicJIH Toro 3aB,ZJ;aBaJIH CB. €BreHOBi pi3HHX MyK, a BKiHD;i BCiX lJOTHpbOX xpHCTHHH 3BeJiiB JlH3iH BKHHYTH y BOrHeHHY rritJ . KoJIH, o.n;HaK, BOHH BHHIIIJIH 3 Hel 30BCiM HeyiiiKO,ZJ;.meHi, TO 3ai'HHYJIH Bi,ZJ; MetJa 6JIH3hKO 288 poKy.

CBJITH:A: THMOTE:A: HaiiKpa~HM ytJHeM i HaHBipHiiiiHM .n;yxoBHHM CHHOM Ta noMitJHHKOM CB. IIaBJia B iioro anocTOJihChKiH rrpau;i 6yB CB. THMOTeH:. IIoxo.n;HB BiH 3 MicTa JlicTpH B Ma.n:iH: Aail. :H:oro 6aThKO 6yB TIOI'aHHHOM, MaTH- IO,ZJ;eHKOIO, ~0 pa30M 3 6a6yHeiO JlOl,ll;OIO npHHHHJIH 3ro.n;oM XpHCTOBY Bipy. BaThKO THMoTeH cKopo noMep; BHXOBaHHHM MaJioro XJIOTitJHHH .n;6aHJIHBO 3aHHHJIHCH MaTH H: 6a6yHH. IIpo n;Hx ,D;BOX npaBe,D;HHx .miHoK TIHIIIe CB. IIaBno: ",D;HKYIO BoroBi, HKOMY H cJiy.my, HK i Moi: npe.n;KH, tJHCTHM cyMJiiHHSIM i ara.n;yro Te6e 6e3rrepecTaHHO, BHO'li H: y.n;eHh y Moi:x MOJIHTBaX; 31'a,D;yi01JH TBOl CJih03H, 6a.maiO rro6atJHTHCH 3 T060IO, ~06 CTIOBHHTHCH pa.n;o~aMH. ilpHra.n;yro co6i TY ~Hpy Bipy, ~0 y T06i, HKa nepiii 6yJia BCeJIHJiaCb y TBOIO 6a6yHIO Jloi:.n;y Ta y TBOIO MaTip EBHiKy, a H neBeH, ~o H y Te6e" (II TM 1:3-5).

3aB,D;HKH .n;6aHJIHBOCTi n;Hx no6omHHX .miHOK THMOTeH y.me 3aMoJio.n;y .n;o6pe 3HaB CBHTe IIHchMO. CB. IIaBJIO 6yB ,D;BitJi B JlicTpi. IIepiiioro paay (46 p.) BiH TaM tJy,D;eCHO 03,D;OpOBHB KpHBOI'O Bi,D; Hapo.n;.meHHH lJOJIOBiKa. (,lJ;i 14:8-10). Mo.)KJIHBO, pi,D;HH THMOTeH B.me To.n;i II03HaiioMHJiacH 3 IIaBJIOM. IIpHHIIIOBIIIH TY,D;H B,D;pyre (52 p.), IIaBJIO 3acTaB THMOTeH y~e .n;opocJIHM IOHaKoM, HKHH .. MaB .n;o6py cJiaBy Mi.m 6paTaMH JiicTpH if !KaHil"'. (,D;i 16:2). CB. IlaBJIO caMe To.n;i

117

22

CiYH~

BepTaBc.H 3 Co6opy B 8pycaJIHMi, ,ll;e BiH rrepeKOHaB lt>,ll;elB-XpHCTH.HH He IIpHMYIIlYBaTH HaBepHeHHX

3

IIOraHCTBa 36epiraTH

CTap03aBiTHi rrpHIIHCH rrpo o6pi3aHH.H R

3a6opoHeHi cTpaBH.

IlOBHHR aiiOCTOJibCbKOl peBHOCTi, CB. IlaBJIO 6amaB rrporroBi,ll;yBaTH XpHCTOBY Bipy BCe HOBHM Kpai:HaM i JIIO,ll;.HM. A ocKiJibKH B TOR "<Iac Bi,ll; Hboro rrilllOB Roro rroMi"<IHHK BapHaBa, i BiH 3aJIHIIlHBC.H TiJibKH 3 O,ll;HHM CHJIOIO, TO CB.

IJaBJIO IIO"<IaB IllyKaTH

HOBOPO IOHaKa, .HKHR 6yB 6H OXO'IHM i ,ll;OCHTb CHJibHHM IIO,ll;aTHC.H 3 HHM y ,ll;aJieKi R TPY,ll;Hi MiciRHi IIO,ll;Opomi. 3ycTpiBIIlHCb 3i CB. THMOTeeM, cB. arrocTOJI rrepeKoHaBc.H,

~0

XJIOIIeD;b, 3aB,ll;.HKH

Roro ,ll;06poMy 3,!1;opoB'ro, rro6omHOcTi R Ha,ll;3BH"<IaRHOMY 3HaHHIO CB.HToro IlHCbMa, 6YB 6H BHMpi.HHHM ,ll;JI.H HbOPO IIOMi"<IHHKOM. Tn:MoTeR rroro,ll;HBC.H rriTH 3i CB.

CB. TllMOTEll

IlaBJIOM i, 3 orJI.H,ll;Y Ha yrrepe,ll;meHH.H iy,Z~;ei:B, rri,ll;,ll;aBc.H o6p.H-

,ll;OBi o6pi3aHH.H, ~06, .HK O,ll;HH 3 HHX, MaTH ,!1;0 HHX JierKHR ,ll;OCTyrr, THMOTeR yme B TOR "<Iac MaB mn:By xpHCTH.HHCbKY Bipy R MymHiCTb xapaKTepy, KOJIH oxo"<Ie rroKHHYB cBoro pO,ll;HHY R 6e3mypHe IOHaD;bKe )KlfTT.H Ta IIilllOB 3i CB. IJaBJIOM, XO'I ,ll;06pe 3HaB, ~o 3a rrporroBi,ll;yBaHH.H XpHCTOBoi: BipH cB. IlaBJIO B caMiR JlicTpi MaJIO He 3arHHYB Bi,ll; KaMeHyBaHH.H. THMOTeR BIIpO,ll;OBm KiJibKaHa,ll;D;.HTH poKiB IIOCTiRHO cyrrpoBO,ll;myBaB BeJIHKoro arrocToJia Hapo,ll;iB. Pa3oM 3 HHM rrpoRmoB Many A3iro, MaKe,ll;oHiro R fpe:o;iro, 6yB o"<IeBH,ll;D;eM .HK Ha,ll;3BH"<IaRHHX ycrrixiB, TaK i BeJIHKHX p03"<IapyBaHb, HeB,ll;a"<I; 3BiJibH.HB CBOPO CB. Y"tJ:HTeJI.H Bi,ll; Typ60T rrpo ~O,ll;eHHHR rrpomHTOK, ~06 c:a. IJaBJIO Mir IIOBHiCTIO Bi,ll;,ll;aTHC.H rrpan;i Ha,ll; CIIaCiHH.HM ,ll;ylll, l'

u

•

u

•

,ll;OPJI.H,ll;aB HOPO B He,ll;y31 H IIOTllllaB y ro,nHHY CMYTKy. qac crriJibHoro rrepe6yBaHH.H R rrpan;i 3i C)L IlaBJIOM 6yB ,ll;JI.H MOJIO,ll;oro THMOTe.H crrpaBmHboro IllKOJIOIO BeJIHKHX "<IeCHOT, .HK

118

22

ci4Hfl

n;e 3aCBi,IJ;"'IHB CaM CB. aiTOCTOJI: "TH CJii~yBaB MOiH Hayu;i, MO'i:H noBe~iHu;i, Mo'iJ:i: HacTaHOBi, Bipi, ~oBroTepneJIHBOCTi, mo6oBi, ITOCTiMHOCTi y nepecJii~yBaHHHX, y CTpam~aHH.HX ... " (II TM 3:10-11). Yci ~ecHOTH cB. IIaBJia Bi~6HJIHCH B THMOTeeBi, Ha~e B ~3epKaJii: .HK CITpaBmHiM aiTOCTOJI, y6orHJ:i:, 6e3 BJiaCHOl XaTH, xo~HB 3 MicTa ~o MicTa, rn;o6 cnacaTH XpHCTOM Bi~KynJieHi ~yrni.

Oxo~e 3HOCHB roJio~, nocTH, 6H~yBaHHH, HaKJienH, B' H3HHI.J;IO, rn;o6 TiJihKH npocJiaBHTH XpHCTOBe iM' H Ta 3aKpinHTH J:i:oro IJ;apCTBO. THMOTeJ:i: HiKOJIH He BHCTaBJI.HB Hanepe~ ce6e ~H CBOel npau;i, O~He MalO~H Ha ~YMI.J;i, II.J;06 aiTOCTOJIOBi Hapo~iB ycyBaTH 3 ~oporH BCHKi nepernKo~H; BiH am ~o cMepTi cB. IIaBJia 6yB 3aBm~H rOTOBHM ~0 BC.HKHX ITOCJiyr J:i:oro ~H.HKOHOM, TOBapHIIleM no~opomi, y~HeM. TaKHM ~oJioBiK BapTHM 6yB JII06oBi. I CB. IIaBJIO Jil06HB J:i:oro. Y CBOeMy IIocJiaHHi ~o Cl>HJIHn'HH BiH nHcaB: "H~ilOCb y rocno~i Jcyci ITOCJiaTH ~0 BaC He3a6apOM THMOTe.H, rn;o6 i MeHi Ha cepu;i cTaJio Jierrne, KOJIH ~oBi~aiOc.H npo Bac. HiKoro-6o He MalO piBHoro J:i:oMy ~yrne10, rn;o TaK rn;Hpo ~6aB 6H npo Bac, 6o Bci rnyKalOTb ~oroch BJiacHoro, a He XpHcTa Icyca.

BH 3HaeTe J:i:oro BHnpo6yBaHy ~ecHiCTb: BiH, HK CHH 6aThKOBi, cJiymHB 30 MHOlO cnpaBi €BaHreJii'i " (ct>Jin 2:19-22). A ~o KopiHTHH BiH nHcaB: "OTom 6JiaralO Bac: By~hTe MOIMH nocJii~OBHHKaMH. BJiacHe, TOMY H i nocJiaB BaM T:ftM:oTe.H, MOIO YJil06JieHy i BipHy B rocno~i ~HTHHy, BiH Hara~ae BaM MOl B XpHCTi ~oporH ... " (I Kp 4:6-17). 3ro~oM 6yJio Bme TPY~Ho CB. anOCTOJIOBi o6iJ:i:THCb 6e3 Taro MOJIO~OrO rpeKa, .HKHM 6yB 3aBm~H BeceJIHM i roTOBHM ~o nocJiyxy. KoJIH cnpaBa cnaciHHH ~Ylli BHMaraJia, TO CB. IlaBJIO ITOCHJiaB THMOTe.H, .HKHM Kparn;e Bi~ iHIIlHX 3HaB cnpaBH i ITOTpe6H HOBHX XpHCTH.HHCbKHX rpoMa~, ~0 TecaJIOHiKH B MaKe~oHi'i ~H KopiHTa B rpeu;i'i 3aJiaro-· ~HTH cnpaBH B 3aHeiTaJiiM y Bipi a6o po3'€~HaHiM n;epKOBHiM rpoMa~i. TaKe BeJIHKe ~oBip' H rJIH6oKoro 3HaBI.J;H JilO~eJ:i: CB. IIaBJia ~o THMOTe.H e HaJ:i:Kparn;olO noxBa.JIOIO ~JIH Hhoro.

Bi~~yBrnH, rn;o Bme Ha6JIHmaeThCH KiHei.I;b J:i:oro 3eMHO'i MaH~piBKH, cB. IIaBJIO BHCBHTHB CB. THMOTe.H Ha enHcKona MicTa E!fleca B MaJiiJ:i: A3i'i. KoJIH CB. THMOTeJ:i: 6yB TaM, a CB. IlaBJIO - B PHMi, HaiTHCaB anOCTOJI ~0 CBOrO Jil060rO ~H.H ~Ba JIHCTH-nocJiaHHH, rn;o6 6yJia B HHX o~Ha ~YMKa :i1: o~Ha BOJIH rn;o~o 3aKpinJieHHH :i1: nornHpeHHH Ha 3eMJii Bomoro IJ;apcTBa. IIop.H~ 3 anocTOJibCbKHMH 3aoxoTaMH ~o BipHocTi 3BaHHlO, nop~ rn;o~o u;epKOBHo'i 6orocJiym6H :i1: nepecTopor rn;o~o !flaJihlliHBoro B~eHH.H, B~yBalOTbC.H TaM CJIOBa HimHOl Jil060Bi 6aTbKa ~0 CHHa, II.J;Hpe niKJiyBaHoH.H npo THMOTeeBe 3HeMorn;iJie Bi~ npau;i :i1: nocTiB 119

..

22

CiYHSl

TiJio, rropa,n;HB iioMy BmHBaTH aaMiCTh BO,ll;H Tf>OXH BHHa ,n;JI.H CKpirrJieHH.H OCJia6JieHOrO IIIJIYHKa. Y ,n;pyroMy JillCTi E: III;e M cep.n;e"'IHe rrpoxaHH.H cB. IlaBJia, rr~o6 THMOTeii rrpH6yB III;OHaiicKopirne .n;o PHMa i 6yB rrpH HhOMY B -qac ii:oro yB '.H3HeHH.H, KOJIH 3 MOrO IIOMi"'IHHKiB He 6yJIO Bme 3 HHM HiKOrO, KpiM O,ll;HOrO JlyKH. Toii: JIHCT- u;e ,n;yxoBHHii 3arroBiT BeJIHKoro arrocToJia. 3ra,n;yiD"'IH THMOTe.H B CBOlX MOJIHTBaX B,ll;eHh i BHO"'Ii Ta 6amaiO"'II1 6a"tJ:HTI1 ii:oro (II TM 1:3-4), CTapaE:ThC.H 3aKpiiiHTI1 CBOro Y"lJ:H.H y BipHOCTi E:IIHCKOIIChKHM o60B' .H3KaM CBOlM aiiOCTOJihChKHM HaKa30M: ".H aaKJIHHaiO Te6e rrepe.n; BoroM i XpHCTOM IcycoM, .HKHii Mae cy,n;HTH jKHBHX i MepTBHX, Ha ii:oro IIOJIBY Ta ii:oro QapCTBO: IIpOIIOBi,n;yii: CJIOBO, HaiiOJI.Hraii: B"tJ:aCHO i HeB"tJ:aCHO, KapTaii:, rrorpomyii:, HarroyMJIIOii: i3 ycieiO TeprreJIHBiCTIO ii: HayKoiO ... TH m 6y,n;h • TBepe3HM y BChOMY, 3H0Ch HarracTi, BMKOHYM rrpau;IO E:BaHreJiiCTa, BHKOHyii: TBOIO CJiym6y. Eo .H Bme rOTOBHM Ha JIHBHY mepTBY, i -qac Moro Bi,n;xo,n;y HacTaB ..• IIocTapaii:c.H rrp:nii:TM III;e .n;o 3HMH" (II TM 4:1-2, 5-6, 21). BipHH:i1: y"tJ:eHh, rreBHe, cTapaBC.H CIIOBHHTH 6amaHH.H CBOrO BeJIHKOrO B"'IHTeJI.H, Ta rrepe,n;"tJ:aCHa My-qeHHI.J;hKa CMepTh CB. IlaBJia He ,ll;03BOJIHJia Bme THMOTeeBi rro6a"tJ:HTI1 BeJIHKOrO aiiOCTOJia. Ha I.J;hOMf KiH"'IaiOThC.H Bi,n;oMocTi rrpo CB. THMOTe.H. TiJihKH Jier'eH,n;a OrrOBi,n;ae HaM, III;O CB. 'I'HMOTeii: III;e ,ll;OBri pOKH yrrpaBJI.HB BipHHMH B Ecpeci rrp11 cB. arrocToJioBi lBaHoBi, MaB ,n;yxoBHHii HarJI.H,n; Ha,n; yciMa u;epKBaMH A3i'i ii: 97 poKy aarHHYB My-qeHHI.J;hKOIO CMepTIO Bi,n; pyK rroraH, rrpHJIIO,ll;HO BHCTYIIHBIIIH rrpoTH i,n;OJIOIIOKJIOHHHKiB ecpeChKOl .1J:H.HHM, KOJIH BOHH 22 Ci"'IH.H roTyBaJIH Ha 11 "tJ:eCTh rroraHChKHii rroxi.n;. I,n;oJiorroi<JIOHHHKH B6HJIH CB. THMOTe.H rraJIHU.HMH :i1: KaMiHH.HM. 3ro,n;oM Bi,n;Haii:IIIJIH ii:oro CB. MOIII;i i 356 poKy Ha,ll;3BH"'IaMHO ypO"'IHCTO rrepeHeCJIH IX ,ll;O Qapropo,n;a Ta rroKJiaJIH B u;epKBi cB. ArrocToJiiB. CB. !BaH 30JIOTOYCTHM i CB. €poHiM IIO,ll;aiOTh .HK 3araJihHOBi,ll;OMY pi"'I, III;O rrpH MOIII;ax CB.HToro ,n;i.HJIHC.H piaHi -qy,n;a.

22

Ci'IHH

CBHTHH AHACTACIH KoJIH 614 poKy rrepchKHii KopoJih Xoapoii: II 3pyii:HyBaB MicTo €pycaJIHM i BHBi3 .n;o IIepci'i CB. xpecT, Ha .HKOMY 6yB po3rr' .HTHii Icyc XpHcToc, rrpaB,n;HBOIO BipoiO aau;iK?BHBC.H rrepchKHii BO.HK MaryH,n;aT. ByB BiH CHHOM Bi,n;oMoro To,n;i B IIepci'i -qapo,n;i.H Ba.H, a TaKom caM 6yB .n;o6pe o6iaHaHHii 3 rrepchKOIO MarieiD.

120

22

ci~H51

ITi3HaHHR xpncTHRHCbKHX npaB,n; Bipn cnpaBHJIO TaKe CHJibHe BpameHHR Ha MaryH,ll;aTa, m;o nicJIR noBepHeHHR 3 Bifmn npoTH rpen;bKoro iMnepaTopa IpaKJiiR BiH noKHHYB BiHCbKOBY cJiym6y H IIOCeJIHBCR y MiCTi fiepanoJii B O,ll;HOrO nepCbKOrO XpHeTHRHHHa, .,.

30JIOTHHKa. HoBmi roeno,n;ap 6paB MaryH,n;aTa 3 eo6oro ,n;o n;epKBH Ha 6oroeJiy.miHHJI, ,n;e BiH 3aD;iKaBHBeJI o6pa3aMH, 11..\0 Bi,ll;TBOplOBaJIH pi3Hi no,n;ii: 3 mHTTR eB. MyqeHHKiB. IIo,n;HBJIRJOqn i:xHro MymHieTb, BiH eTaB m;e ,n;oKJia,n;Hirne po3nHTyBaTH npo XpHeToBy Bipy, ID;O 3a Hel CB. MyqeHHKH Bi,n;,n;aJIH eBO€ .)KHTTR, i 3a6amaB eTaTH XpHeTHJIHHHOM. 3 THM 6amaHHRM BiH IIOKHHYB fiepanOJib, m;o 6yB ni,n; nepebKOJO BJia,n;oro, i sn6paBeR ,n;o €pyeaJIHMa, ,n;e B n;epKBi XpHCTOBoro BoeKpeeiHHR npHHHRB eB. XpHm;eHHJI 3 pyK Mop;eeTa, HaMieHHKa naTpiapxa 3axapii:, RKoro Xo3poM: 3acJiaB y HeBOJIJO. IIi,n; qac CB. XpHm;eHHR BiH op;epmaB rpen;bKe iM'R AHacTaci:M: (socKpeeJIH:M:), m;o Hara,n;yBaJIO :M:oMy :M:oro BOCKpeciHHR 3 ,n;yxoBHoi: eMepTi p;o HOBoro mHTTR. ,[(o eB. XpHm;eHHH AHacTaei:M: roTyBaBeR Hap;3BHqa:ifHo no6omHo, 8 p;HiB y 6iJii:M: op;emi peBHO MOJIHBeR Ta eJiyXaB HayKy npo eB. Bipy.

IIicJIR n;Hx m;aeJIHBHX ,D;JIR AHaeTaeiR p;HiB BiH BHpirnHB BCTYIIHTH ,ll;O MOHaeTHpR, Hep;aJieKO Bi,D; €pycaJIH])IIa, m;o6 Jiinrne BHIIOBHHTH CBOl o6i THHD;i. lryMeH IOeTHH rropap;HB HOMY cnoqaTKY BHBqnTH rpen;bKY MOBY :M: IIeaJITHp, a onieJIR noeTpnr :iforo B qeHD;i :if 30,ll;RrHYB y MOHarny pRey (621 p.).

Y MOHaCTHpi AHaeTaci:if 6araTO TepniB qepe3 npHKpi enOKYCH, CIIp:HqHHeHi ,ll;3BHiMH MariqHHMH npaKTHKaMH :if 3a6o6oHaMH, RKHM KOJIHCb BiH HaBqHBCR Bi,D; 6aTbKa. ,[(aBH€ BORD;bKe .)KHTTR :if 6araTeTBO 3aMaHJOBaJIH :iforo Ha3a,D; y eBiT. Y XBHJIH~H HeCIIOKOlO BiH pRTyBaBeR THM, lll;O Bee lll;HpO p03Ka3yBaB eBOlM ,ll;YXOBHHM npoBi,ll;HHK3M, rapRqe MOJIHBeR :if eyMJiiHHO enOBHRB yei MOHarni o6os'R3KH. BHBqaB mHTTJI CBJITHX, a roJIOBHO cB. MyqeHHKiB; TO,D;i BiH IIJiaKaB Hap; lXHiMH TepniHHRMH, 6amaB HacJii,n;yBaTH i:xHro peBHieTb y Bipi :M: eepp;eqHo 6JiaraB foenop;a, 111;06 i HOMY ,n;aB TaKy JiaeKy - TepniTH 3a eB. Bipy i BMepTH MyqeHHKOM. IIieJIR eeMH poKiB mHTTR B MOHaeTIIpi AHaeTaci:M: op;epmaB p;oaBiJI Bip;sip;aTH p;eRKi es. Mien;H; 3rop;oM npn6ys BiH p;o Keeapii: IIaJieeTHHebKoi:, m;o 6yJia nip; BJiap;oro nepciB. IIpn MiebKHX BOpOTaX :iforo BniaHaJIII nepebKi BORKH :if eKa3aJIH no-nepebKH: "IJ;e Bip;eTynHnK!" CB. AHaeTaei :M: Bip;noBiB: "III.o BH roBopnTe? .H He Bi,n;CTYJIHHK, a eJiyra Moro foenop;a, leyea XpiieTa!" Top;i BORKH 3aTpHMaJIH :iforo i IIOBi,D;OMHJIH IIpO Bee eBOrO KOMeH,D;aHTa,

121

22

Ci'IHSI

.HKnii HaKa3aB KnHyTH tioro TnMtiaeoBo ,n;o B'.H3Hn~i. TaM eB. AHaeTaeiii Tpn ,n;Hi He rrpniiMaB Bi,n; rroraH Hi.HKO'i 'imi, 6amaroqn BMepTn 3a XpneTOBY Bipy. KoJin ,n;o Keeapi'i rrpn6yB rrepehKnii KH.H3h Map3a6aH, AHaeTaei.H rrpnBeJin ,n;o Hhoro. ,Il;oBi,n;aBIIlneh rrpo MnHyJie AHaeTaei.H, KH.H3h errpo6yBaB rrepeKoHaTn CB.HToro · BepHyTne.H ,n;o Bipn eBo'ix 6aThKiB, o6iu;.Hroqn tioMy 6araTeTBO ii eJiaBy. CB. AHaeTaciii rrorJI.HHYB Ha He6o ii eKa3aB: - HiKoJin Toro He 6y,n;e, ru;o6 .H 3piKe.H Te6e, XpneTe-Uapro!

To,n;i KH.H3h 3arrnTaB: - l..fn Tn He 60llliC.H KOpOJI.H, .HKnM, ,D;OBi,D;aBIIlneb IIpO Te6e, HaKame Te6e po3rr'.HTn? CB.HTnii Bi,n;rroBiB: - l..foMy m .H MaB 6n JI.HKaTnC.H JIIO,D;nHn, TaK eaMO CMepTHOl, .HK Tn? .ffKIIJ;O BiH HaBiTh y6'e MO€ TiJIO, TO ,n;yllii He 3MO.me B6nTn. IIo6atinBIIln, ru;o cB. AHacTaciii TBep,n;o TpnMaeThC.H XpneToBoi: Bipn, Map3a6aH HaKa3aB eKyBaTn iloMy Illnro ii Horn i 3aKOBaHOMY B 3aJii3Hi KaM,n;aHn HOCnTn pa30M 3 iHIIInMU B '.H3H.HMn KaMiHH.H Ha 6y,n;oBy Mypy. A caM HarrneaB JineTa ,n;o KopoJI.H 3 3arrnToM rrpo AHacTaci.H. CB.HTOMY 6y_.!JO Ha,n;3Bntiai!Ho BamKo. .IJ:e.HKi tioro ,n;aBHi 3HaMOMi M eyci,n;n, 6aqaqn tioro TaKnM IIOHnmeHnM, HaeMiXaJinC.H ii 6nJin tioro, HaKJia,n;aroqn Ha iloro rrJieqi HaMT.Hmtie KaMiHH.H. Ta cB. AHaeTaeiii 3HoenB yee Te pa,n;icHo 3 JII06oBi ,n;o XpncTa. 3ro,n;oM HaKa3aB Map3a6aH 3HOBY rrpnBeeTn cB. AHaeTaei.H ,n;o ce6e i crrnTaB: - l..foMy BrrepTo TpnMaellic.H xpncTn.HHCTBa? BepHnc.H ,n;o eBoe'i IIOIIepe,D;HhOl Bipn, 60 .HK Hi, TO ,D;OHeCy Ha Te6e KOpOJieBi Xo3poeBi. CB.HTnii Bi,n;rroBiB: - Ilnrnn IIpO MeHe Bee, ll~O XO'Ieiii . .ff - XpneTn.HHnH! To,n;i HaKa3aB KH.H3h KnHyTH CB.HToro Ha 3eMJIIO ii ,n;oTn 6uTn tioro 6aToraMn, am ,n;oKn Bi,n;petieTbe.H XpneTa. KoJin cJiyrn XOTiJin MOrO TpnMaTn, BiH IIpOCnB IX He po6nTn TOrO, o6iu;.HIO'In OXO'Ie 'InHnTn Bee, ID;O BOHn CKamyTh. ".fl XO'IY ,n;o6poBiJihHO TeprriTn 3a eBoro XpncTa, .HK KO.mHnii y qae erreKn m,n;e cTy,n;eHo'i BO,n;n". Ilo u;nx eJIOBax rrepexpecTnBC.H M Bi,n;,n;aB CBO€ TiJIO Ha pa_an, IIOIIpoenBIIIn ,D;03BOJIY 3H.HTn p.Hey, ru;o6 He 'InH, a TiJIO Te{miJio 6e3tiecT.H. I xoq ,n;oBrnii qae 6nJin iloro no roJioMy TiJii, rrpoTe CB. AHacTaciii HaBiTh He BopyxHyBe.H, He.30MKHYB, a TiJihKn ,n;o Bora, ru;o 3a Hhoro TeprriB, rri,n;HocnB eBo'i oqi ii ,n;yrny.

Map3a6aH 3HOBY 3arrporroHyBaB AHacTaeiro rrpnHecTn mepTBY

122

22

Ci'-IHH

Ha l.leCTh BOrHIO, COHI.J;jl ll MiC.HI.J;jl, ID;O IX rrepCR BBa.iKaJIR 3a 6oriB, Ta CB.HTRH Bi,n;rroBiB, rn;o BiH HiKOJIR He rrpR3Hae 3a 6omecTBO TBOpiHH.H, .H:f<i Bar COTBOpRB ,ll;JI.H HallmX IIOTpe6. IliCJI.H Taro H:oro Bi,n;BeJIR ,n;o B' .H3HR:u;i.

TRM l.lacoM BiCTKa rrpo cTpam,n;aHH.H cB. AHacTaci.H 3a XpRc- '" TOBY Bipy ,n;i:ti:rnJia ,n;o HOrO MOHaCTM:p.H. Yci OTD;i ll 6paTT.H pa,n;iJIR 3a CBOro 6paTa AHaCTaci.H; iryMeH ,n;OpYl.J:RB MOHaXaM MOJIRTRC.H 3a Hhoro, a ,n;o AHacTaci.H rrocJiaB rroTaHKR ,n;Box l.leH:u;iB 3aHeCTR :ti:oMy JIRCTa 3 cep,n;el.IHRMR CJIOBaMR 3aoxoTR BR,n;epmaTR Bee am ,ll;O KiHD;.H. CB. AHacTaci:ti: cR,n;iB cKoBaHRM y B'.H3HR:u;i pa30M 3 o,n;HRM c;ryrmo KH.H3.H, rn;o Bi,n;6yBaB Kapy 3a .HKYCh rrpoBRHy. CB.HTRH MaB 3BRl.£aH KO.iKHOl HOl.li BCTaBaTR OIIiBHOl.£i Ha MOJIRTBY. IIJ;o6 He 6y,n;RTR CBOrO TOBapRrna ITO He,n;oJii, BTOMJieHOrO D;iJIO,ll;eHHRM HOCiHH.HM T.H.iKKOrO KaMiHH.H, BiH Terrep He BCTaBaB ,ll;O MOJIRTBR, TiJihKR roJIOBY TpoxR rri,n;HOCRB i TaR rrpocJiaBJI.HB Bora. U:H MOJIRTBa HacTiJihKR 6y;ra MRJia Bory, rn;o o,n;Hiei: HOl.li, .HK :u;e 3aCBi,ll;l.£RB O,ll;RH ro,n;e:ti:, ID;O 6yB TO,n;i TaKO.iK y B' .H3HRD;i, .HCHe CBiTJIO OCBiTRJIO B' .H3HRD;ID, Mymi B .HCHRX o,n;emax OTOl.IRJIR CB. AHacTaci.H, a o,n;RH 3 HRX 30JIOToro Ka,n;RJihHR:u;ero o6Ka,n;myBaB CB. MYl.J:eHM:Ka. KoJIR Map3a6aH o,n;epmaB Bi,n;rroBi,n;h Bi,n; KOl'"QJI.H Xo3po.H, 3aKJIRKaB ,n;o ce6e cB. AHacTaci.H i cKa3aB: - KopoJih HaKa3ye To6i JIRrne CJIOBOM Bi,n;peKTRC.H XpRcTa, a TO,ll;i Te6e BRIIYCT.HTh, i rri,n;ern, Ky,n;R CXOl.£elii: l.£R ,ll;O XpRCTR.HH, l.£R ,ll;O MOHaXiB, l.£R y CBOlO 6aThKiBID;RHy. CB. AHacTaci:ti: Bi,n;rroBiB: -He ,n;a:ti:, Bome, rn;o6 .H Bi,n;piKc.H XpRcTa- l.IR ,n;yMKoro, l.IR CJIOBOM. To,n;i KH.H3h rrol.laB roBopRTR ,n;o Hhoro rrornerrKR: - TR, rreBHe, Maern TyT 6araThOX cBoi:x 3Ha:ti:oMRX i He xoqern rrepe,n; HRMR .HBHO Bi,n;peKTRC.H XpRcTa. Ta .HKID;O xoqern, TO MO.iKelii rrepe,n;i MHOIO caMM:M i ,ll;BOMa CBi,n;KaMR Bi,n;peKTRC.H Bi,n; CBOel BipR, CKa3aBliiR TiJihKM:: Bi,n;piKalOC.H XpRCTa, i .H Bi,n;pa3y BRrryrn;y Te6e.

CB.HTRH Bi,n;rroBiB: - H i rrepe,n; To6oro, Hi rrepe,n; iHliiRMR He Bi,n;peqyc.H Bi,n; cBoro focrro,n;a Hi .HBHO, Hi IIOTaHKR, Hi B CHi He ,n;aM ce6e IIpRMYCRTR ,n;o Taro.

Ilo6al.£RBliiR cTi:ti:KiCTh CB.HToro, cKa3aB KH.H3h: - 3ri,n;HO 3 ,n;aHRM MeHi HaKa30M, Bi,n;iliiJilO Te6e B Ka:ti:,n;aHaX ,ll;O KOpOJI.H.

•

123

22

Ci'IHSl

A cB. My"LieHHK HaTe: • - I 6e3 KaM:.n;aHiB H caM rri.n;y .n;o Bamoro KopoJIH, 6o .n;o6poBiJihHO xo-qy TeprriTH 3a cBoro mo6oro BJia.n;HKY XpHcTa. 3a cTapaHHHM KopoJiiBChKoro ypa.n;HHKa, xpHCTHHHHHa, CB. AHacTaciio .n;o3BOJIHJIH rriTH 14 BepecHH, B .n;eHb CBHTa Bo3)J;BHJKeHHH "l!ecHoro XpecTa, .n;o :u;epKBH Ha 6orocJiy»dHHH. IlpHcyTHiCTb cB. AHacTacia, M:oro crraceHHi HarroyMJieHHH .n;o.n;aJIH XpHCTHHHaM Bi)J;BarH, CKpiiiHJIH 6aM:.n;yJKHX y Bipi, a BCiX 3BOpyiiiHJIH ,ll;O CJii3.

Y IIpH3Ha"LieHHH )J;eHb CB. My-qeHHK pa30M 3 ,ll;BOMa iHIIIHMH B'H3HHMH M: CHJibHOIO cTopoJKeiO BH'ixaJIH 3 Kecapi'i. 3 AHacTacieM IIiiiiOB TaKOJK O,ll;HH 6paT, m;o6 ITO MOJKJIHBOCTi B ,ll;Op03i rrpHCJIYJKHTHCH M:oMy. ToM: MOHax orrHcaB 3ro.n;oM icTopiiO My-qeHHI.J;TBa CB. AHacTacia.

• CJib03aMH pa.n;ocTi rrpom;aJIHCH 3i CB. AHacTacieM KecapiM:chKi XpHCTHHHH: B iHIIIHX Micu;eBOCTHX 3YCTpi"LiaJIH HOrO BipyiO"Lii 3 TaKoiO rrornaHmo, m;o CBHTHH aJK JIHKaBCH, m;o6 JIIO,ll;ChKa CJiaBa He Bi.n;i6paJia HOMY 6e3CMepTHO'i. 3 rieparrOJIH Ta 3-Ha.n; pi"LIKH THr'p HarrHcaB BiH JIHCTa .n;o CBoro iryMeHa M: rrpocHB y Bcix 6paTiB CB. MOJIHTOB. IlpH6yBrnH .n;o BapcaJioe B AccHpi'i, He.n;aJieKo Bi.n; pi"LIKH €B<ppaT, .n;e ~.n;i rrepe6yBaB KopoJib Xo3poM:, BKHHYJIH B'H3HiB .n;o TIOpMH "LieKaiO"LIH KopoJiiBChKoro po3rropa.n;JKeHHH. Bi.n; Xo3poa IIpHHIIIOB O,ll;HH CTapiiiHHa, IIJ;O rrpo6yBaB 6araTCTBOM CXHJIHTH cB. AHacTacia .n;o Bi.n;cTyiiHHI.J;TBa Bi.n; XpHcToBo'i BipH. Ta CBHTHH Bi,ll;IIOBiB: - Moa B6ora paca 3acBi.n;"Liye, m;o cBiToBi po3Korni -He )J;JIH MeHe. IJo-qecTi H 6araTCTBa CMepTHOrO KOpOJIH He CIIOKyiiiaiOTb MeHe. HacTyrrHoro ,ll;HH cTaprnHHa BepHyBCH .n;o B' H3HHu;i, 3aJIHKYIO"LIH CBHToro pi3HHMH rrorpo3aMH. Ta CB. AHacTaciM: Bi.n;rroBiB CIIOKiHHO: MiM: rraHe cy.n;.n;a, He Typ6yM:Teca MHOIO. 3a JiacKoiO XpHCTOBOlO, H He 3MiHlOCH, TOMY po6iTh CBOIO po6oTy 6e3 3aM:Boro rnyMy. IJiCJIH TOrO CTapiiiHHa HaKa3aB HOrO HeMHJIOCep,ll;HO 6HTH IIaJIHI.J;HMH. II.:(e H JiaHJIH CB. My-qeHHKa Ta IIOrpoJKyBaJIH, IIJ;O po6HTHMYTb u;e IIJ;O,ll;HH, ,ll;OKH 6y.n;e JKHTH, aa Te, IIJ;O BiH IIOrOp,ll;HB ·~ JiacKoiO KOPOJIH. TaKa MyKa CBHToro TPHBaJia TPH .n;Hi. IloTiM HaKa3aB MY"LIHTeJib IIOKJiaCTH HOrO HaB3HaK, a )J;Ba "LIOJIOBiKH BaJKKOIO KOJIO,ll;OIO IIpHTHCKaJIH HOMy HOrH, p03)J;aBJIIOIO"LIH TiJIO ,ll;O KiCTOK.

124

22

CiYHSI

CB. AHacTaciM TeprriB i MOB~aB. Moro crroKiM 3,ll;HByBaB CTapiiiHHY, i BiH IIiiiiOB :3HOBY ,ll;O KOpOJI.H JIHTaTH, J.I.J;O ,ZJ;aJii po6HTH 3 6e360.H3HHM XpHCTH.HHHHOM. YrrpaBnTeJih B'.H3HHJJ;i, caM xpHCTH.HHHH, ,ZJ;03BOJIHB Micu;eBHM xpncTH.HHaM Bi,ZJ;Bi,ZJ;yBaTH Moro y B'.H3Hnu;i. BoHR u;iJIYBaJIH Moro HOrH M OKOBH Ta XOBaJIH Ha IIaM'.HTKY pi3Hi pe~i, .HKRX CB. M~eHRK TOpKaBc.H. AHacTaciM o6yproBaBc.H M 6opoHHBc.H Bi,ZJ; TaKOl IIO~eCTi, Ta Hi.HK He Mii' II036yTRC.H JIIO,ZJ;eM, IJJ;O 3 JII060Bi ropHyJIRC.H ,ll;O HhOrO. BepHyBIIIRCh, cTapiiiHHa HaKa3aB 3HOBY 6RTR CB.HToro, Ta BiH 3HOCRB Ti II060i: TaK, Ha~e 6yB KaMiHHOIO CTaTy€IO, a He TiJIOM i KpoB'ro. OrricJI.H HaKaaaB M~RTeJih rrpRB'.H3aTR MOMY ,ll;O Hir Ba»<KHM T.HI'ap i IIi,ZJ;BiiiiaTR 3a O,ZJ;HY pyKy; TaK MY~RBC.H CB.HTRM ,ZJ;Bi ro,ZJ;RHR cepe,ZJ; rrorpo3, Ha .HKi, O,ZJ;HaK, BiH He aBepTaB HaMMeHIIIoi: yBarR. IIo6ir cTapiiiHHa 3HOBY ,ZJ;O KopoJI.H Ha pa,ZJ;y, a TOM HaKa3aB ycix xpRCTR.HH cTpaTRTR. CTapiiiRHa Bi,ZJ;pa3y BepHyBC.H i HaKa3aB Ha,ZJ; 6epei'OM pi~KR 3a,ZJ;yiiiHTH ,ll;BOX TOBapRIIIiB rro,ZJ;opomi cB AHacTaci.H M 66 iHIIIHX xpncTH.HH. A CB.HToro 3HOBY HaMOBJI.HB BepHyTRC.H ,ZJ;O rrepchKOl Bipn, aa rn;o rrpH3Ha~aTh Moro BRCOKRM cy,ZJ;OBRM yp.H,ZJ;HRKOM. CB. AHacTaciM Ha~e He ~YB TRX CJiiB, TiJihKR, 3BiBIIIR O~i ,ll;O H~, ,ll;.HKyBaB Bory aa KiHeJJ;h JKRTT.H, o~iKyiO~R rroBiJihHOi- cMepTi. Ta rro6a~RBIIIR, rn;o rocrrO,ZJ;h ,ZJ;ae HOMy Jieriiiy CMepTh, BiH 3 pa,ZJ;iCTIO rrpRMH.HB 11. Moro aa,ZJ;ymRJIR, a rroTiM Bi,ZJ;py6aJIH roJioBy. CTaJIOC.H u;e 22 ci~H.H 628 poKy. TiJio CB.HToro KRHYJIH Ha poaTepaaHH.H co6aKaM, Ta BOHR MOI'O HaBiTh He TOpKHYJIMC.H; 3,ZJ;aBaJIOC.H HaBiTh, J.I.J;O BOHR, HaBIIaKR, CTeperJIR IX. KoJIR HaCTaJia Hi~. TOM MOHax, rn;o rrpRMIIIOB 3 Kecapii: 3i cB. AHacTacieM, rri,ZJ;KyrrnB cTopomy, 3a6paB TiJio cB. M~eHRKa; 3aHiC ,ll;O MOHaCTRp.H CB. Cepri.H i TaM IIOXOBaB. Y TOMY MOHaCTRpi 6paT 3a.JIRIIIRBC.H am ,ZJ;O cMepTi KopoJI.H Xo3po.H, .HKoro Heaa6apoM y6HJIR. To,ZJ;i aa6paB 3 co6oro AHacTacieBy rroJIOTH.HHY TyHiKy 6e3 pyKaBiB i BepHyBC.H ,ll;O MOHaCTRp.H, p03IIOBiBIIIR yciM, .HK CB. AHacTaciM rrpocJiaBRB Bora My~eHRJJ;hKOIO cMepTro. Mo.rn;i CB.HToro rrepeHeCJIH 3ro,ZJ;OM ,ZJ;O IJ;apropo,ZJ;a, a rroTiM - ,ZJ;O PRMa. VII BceJieHChKRM Co6op, .rn;o BR,ZJ;aB pimeHH.H rrpoTR iKOH06op:u;iB (787p.), CXBaJIRB BIIIaHyBaHH$1 o6pa3iB, 3p06JieHHX Ha OCHOBi ~y,ZJ;OTBOpHOl iKOHR CB. AHacTaCi.H, .HKY rrepexoByBaJIH TO,ZJ;i B PnMi y :u;epKBi cB. BiKeHTi.H M AHacTaci.H M BIIIaHOBYBa.JIH paaoM a Moro roJIOBOIO •

• 125

23

CiYHSl

CBHTI KJIHMEHT I Ar ATAHrEjJ

i'

Y MicTi AHKHpi (MaJia Aai.a) mHJia aa iMrrepaTopa .D;ioKJieTiaHa rro6omHa xpHCTH.HHKa 8B<lJpOCHHi.H, w;o MaJia ~OJIOBi­ Ka-rroraHHHa . BoHa cep,n;e~Ho MOJIHJiac.a aa :Horo HaBepHeHH.H ,n;o XpMcToBo'i BipM, Ta ~oJioBiK TaK i IIOMep HeHaBepHeHMM IIOraHMHOM 6JIM3hKO 250 poKy, aaJIMIIIMBIIIM H a Ma.JieHhKMM enHOM, w;o rri,n; ~ac cB. Xpmr~eHH.H o,n;epmaB iM'.a KJIMMeHT. Ilo6omHa MaTH CTapa.nac.H BCiMa CMJiaMM BMXOBaTM iforo IIO-XpHCTM.HHChKM :H MaJia :u;ro pa,n;icTh: KJIMMeHT 6yB cnpaB,n;i no6omHOIO ,IJ;MTMHOIO, OXO~HM ,IJ;O 3HaHH.H CB.aToro IlMChMa. KoJIM iioMy 6yJio 12 JiiT, rroMepJia :H 8B<lJpocMHi.a. To,n;i HMM aaorriKyBaJiac.a no6omHa :H 6araTa rrpM.aTeJihKa rroKi:HHo'i Co<Pi.a. Y TOM ~ac HacTaB y ra.naTi'i rOJIO,IJ;, i rroraHH, .Hid He ~HM ro,n;yBaTM ,IJ;iTeH, MaJIM CB. KJIHMEHT BMKM,IJ;aJIM IX 6e3 MMJIOCep,n;.H Ha AHKHPChKHfi BYJIMIJ;IO. TMx Hew;acHMX ,n;iTeii KJIHMeHT aa6HpaB ,n;o,n;oMy, ,n;e pa30M 3i CBOE:IO JI060»i:HOIO orriKyHKOIO i:x ro,n;YlJa.nH, HaB~aJIH rrpaB,n; BipH :H roTyBa.nH ,n;o cB. XpMw;eHH.H. ,D;iM Co<Pi'i cTaB Ha~e cMpOTHHn;eM i IIIKOJIOIO 6araThOX ,n;iTeif, w;o 3HaHIIIJIH w;acT.H 3aB,IJ;.HKH JI060»i:HOCTi KJIHMeHTa :H Co<lJi'i.

XJiorr:u;.a TaK JII06HJIH B AHKHpi, w;o KOJIH iioMy 6yJio 20 JiiT, HOrO BH6paJIH E:IIHCKOIIOM. MOJIO,IJ;MH JiiTaMM, Ta IIOBa»i:HHH CBOE:IO no6o)lmicTIO :H 3HaHH.HMH, KJIHMeHT cTaB peBHO :H ycniiiiHO rrpaiJ;IOBaTH Ha,IJ; CJiaCiHH.HM XpHCTH.HHChKOl rpoMa,IJ;H. Moro crraceHHY rrpa:u;IO rrepepBaJio .D;ioKJieTiaHoBe rrepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpHcTM.HH, w;o He MHHyJio :H Km-tMeHTa. Mora MytiHJIH piaHHMH crroco6aMH, TpHMaiOtiH y B' .H3HH:u;i. Ha caMe CB.HTO XpHCTOBoro Boro.HBJieHH.H B,n;a.noc.a Co<Pi'i BH3BOJIHTH cB. KJIHMeH126

24 Ta 3 B' H3HMIJ;i i rrpMBeCTM

Ci'IHI'l

,n;o u;epKBM Ha 6orocJiyJK6y. OrricJIH

rrepe6yBaB BiH m;e KiJihKa ,D;HiB Ha BOJii. 1\oJIM O,D;Hiel He,n;iJii Bi,n;rrpaBJIHB CJiym6y BoJKy Tall:HaMM, B6ir

M:

HaXMJIMBCH Ha,n; Hall:cBHTiiiiMMM

,n;o u;epKBM 3 BOHKaMM roHMTeJih OJieKcaH,n;p i

HaKa3aB Bi,n;py6aTM cB. KJIMMeHTOBi roJioBy. Ha:ikBHTiiiii ,IJ;apM • rroTorrTaJIM rroraHM HoraMM. CTaJIOCH u;e 6JIM3hKO

312

poKy.

3arMHYJIM To,n;i TaKom ,n;Ba ,n;MHKOHM XpMcToQ.Jop i XapMTOH. TiJia CB. My"tJeHMKiB rroxoBaJia rro6oJKHa CoQ.JiH rrpM Mom;ax

,n;o XpMcToBo'i BipM i BMCBHTMB Ha ,n;MHKOHa. CB. AraTaHreJI 6yB TaKom y cB. AraTaHreJia, HKoro B PMMi HaBepHyB cB. KJIMMeHT

TOR -qac y6MTMR Me"tJeM 3a XpMCTOBy Bipy.

IMrrepaTop BacMJih MaKe,n;oHHHMH 36y,n;yBaB Ha "tJeCTh TMX CB. My"tJeHMKiB u;epKBY B I.J:apropo,n;i, ,n;e rroKJiaJIM CTopi"'I"'Ii BMBe3JIM xpecToHocu;i roJioBy CB. KJIMMeHTa

11. Y

XIII

,n;o ct>paHu;i'i.

24

ci'IHR

CB.HTA KCEH.H PHMJI.HHKA Ha rro"tJaTKY

V

cTopi"'I"tJH JKMB y PMMi 3aMOJKHMR i cJiaBHMR

ceHaTop, HKMR MaB ,n;o"tJKY €BceBiiO. KoJIM BOHa rri,n;pocJia, 3apy-qMB

ll

3 CMHOM 6araTOl R BeJibMOJKHOl pO,D;lfHlf.

_.--

0,n;HaK Ti 3apy-qMHlf He 6yJIM MMJii MOJIO,n;ill: €BCeBi'i. BMXOBaHa cepe,n; 6araTCTBa R p03KOIIIi, BOHa He 3HaXO,D;MJia B TlfX ,D;O"'IaCHlfX pe"tJaX m;aCTSI R 30BCiM He CIIiiiiMJia Bi,n;,n;aTM CBOe ,n;iBO"tJe cepu;e HaBiTh Hall:Kpam;oMy IOHaKoBi. HeBMHHa

M: Ha,D;3BM"tJall:Ho rro6omHa

€BCeBiSI MpiHJia TiJihKlf rrpo Te, m;o6 ,n;yiiielO R TiJIOM HaJiemaTM 3aBJK,D;lf TiJihKlf O,D;HOMY JcyCOBi, SIKOrO BOHa BCiM CBOlM "'llfCTlfM cepn;eM IIOJII06MJia 3MaJIKY IIOHa,D; yce Ha CBiTi. 3HalO"tJlf, Ill;O 6aThKlf He IIOrO,D;SITbCSI Ha Te, m;o6 lXHSI 6araTa O,D;MHa"tJKa rrpOBO,D;lfJI·a CBOe JKMTTSI B ,D;OCMepTHOMy ,n;iBMIJ;TBi, €BCeBiSI XOBaJia CBOIO CBSITY TaeMHlfll;lO Ha ,D;Hi CBOrO cepiJ;SI R rrpo CBOl HaMipM He 3ra,n;yBaJia 6aTbKaM Hi CJIOBa, TiJihKlf p03,D;yMyBaJia Ha,n; TMM, SIK BlfRTlf 3 IIpMKporo CTaHOBMill;a.

A THM -qacoM 6aThKM, HKi HaBiTh He 3,n;ora,n;yBaJIMCH rrpo CBHTi 3a,n;yMM CBoe'i ,n;O"'IKM, Bme roTyBaJIMCH BiH"tJaHHH rrpM3Ha"tJMJIM.

,n;o BeciJIJIH. HaBiTh ,n;eHh

Ha,n;xo,n;MJia ro,n;MHa, KOJIM €BceBiH

MYCMJia 3p06MTlf BMpiiiiMJihHM:H KpOK. IleBHa, Ill;O Jcyc KJIM"'Ie ll ,D;O ,D;OCKOHaJiiiiiOrO JKMTTSI, €BCeBiSI p03KpMJia TaE:MHlfll;lO CBOrO cepiJ;SI rrepe,n; ,D;BOMa CBOlMlf CJiyJKHlfll;SIMlf, SIKMM ,D;OBipHJia, 3aSIBlfBIIIlf lM, Ill;O XO"tJe 3aJilfllllfTlf 6aThKiBChKlfR ,n;iM i cy,n;meHoro Ta IIiTM B "'lymy ,n;aJieKy CTOpOHy, m;o6 TaM Ha CaMOTi IIOCBSITlfTlf

•

127

24

CiYH51

.

i'

ce6e cnym6i BoroBi. Ilo6omHi cnyrR rroro,n;RJIRCR rri Til pa3oM 3i . . ....

CB0€10 MOJIO,D;OIO IIaHeiO, yCl Tpll rrepeop;.HrJIH:C.H B l!OJIOBll!Hll O,D;Rr i Harrepe,n;O,n;Hi IIIJII06y 8BCeBil IIiiiiJIII BHO'li ,D;O MOp.H, ,n;e CiJIH Ha Kopa6enh i Bi,n;rrJIHJIII B Harrp.HMKY ,n;o OneKcaH,n;pil. 3 co6oiO 8BceBi.H B3.HJia TpoxH: ,n;oporon;iHHOCTeii i rpoiiieii Ha ,n;opory M: rrpomH:TOK. I..IJ;o6 3aMeCTII 3a C060IO BCRKi CJii,D;ll, BOHH BHciJIII Ha MaJio3aceneHOMY ocTpoBi Koa, He,n;aJieKO Bi,n; KapiMChKOrO MiCTa ArrHKapHaca. KoJIH Bme He 6o.HJIIICR rroroHi, rrepeo,n;RrHyJIHCR 3HOBY B miHOliY o,n;emy Ta IIOl!aJIII Ha,D;3Blll!aMHe mHTT.H B60rOCTi Ta caMo3pel!eHHR. 8BceBiR Ha3BaJia ce6e KceHero, To6To l!ymoro, i rrpocH:Jia cBoi:x rro,n;pyr He roBopRTH HiKOJIH HiKOMY, XTO BOHa Ta 3Bi,D;Kll. BH:HaMHRBIIIH MaJIHir 6y,n;HHOK, lll;O CTO.HB OCTOpOHh Bi,D; iHIIIIIX ,D;OMiB, IIOl!aJIII B MOJIIITBi, IIOCTi Ta npan;i jRIITII TiJihKII ,D;JI.H Bora. Ta ocKiJihKH n;e He 6yno i:M JierKO, 60 BOHR He 6yJIII 30BciM rrpli3BH:l!aeHi ,n;o TaKoro crroco6y mliTT.H, TO pa3 y pa3 IIpOCIIJIII Bora, 1II;06 BiH rro,n;aB i:M CBOIO CB. KCEHH Pl:IMJIHHKA IIOMill.

KoJIH: Bci Tpll rro6omHi ,n;iBH:n;i, Bi,n;,n;aHi rroBHicTIO Ha Bome IlpoBH:,n;iHHR, rrpoBa,n;H:JIII Ha ocTpoBi Koa ,n;Hi cBoro cyBoporo mHTTR, rrocnaB i:M Bor JIIO,D;HHy, .HKa cTaJia i:xHiM HaiiKpalii;HM OIIiKyHOM i ,D;YXOBHHM IIpOBi,D;HHKOM. IJ;e 6yB 0. IlaBJIO, iryMeH MOHaCTHp.H CB. AH,n;pi.H B KapiiichKOMY MicTi MHnacci. IryMeH IlaBJIO, IIOliYBIIIII rrpo II060m.HIIX ,n;iBIIII;h, nip; 'laC IIOBepHeHH.H 3 8pycaJIHMa HaBi,n;aBC.H ,D;O HHX, a rro6al!HBIIIII, lll;O BOHH He MaiOTh ,n;yxoBHoro rrpoBi,n;HH:Ka, 3a6pall i:x 3 co6oro ,n;o MH:naccH, ,n;e KceHR KYIIIIJia ,n;iM He,n;aneKo Bi,n; n;epKBH i rrepepo6HJia M:oro Ha MOHaCTH:p. He3a6apoM 3ronocH:JIOCR lll;e KiJihKa iHIIIHX ,n;iBHII;h, i TaK yme 6iJihiiiHM rypTOM IIO'laJIII BCi pa30M BeCTII l!epHel!e mHTTR. lxHiii HOBHM MOHaCTllp nollaJIH Ha3H:BaTH Koa. Terrep yme cB. KceHR Morna 6e3 nepeiiiKO,n;H ,n;yMaTH M: CTapaTH:CR TiJihKH rrpo Te, 1II;06 crro,n;o6aTH:CR RKHaii6iJihiiie Bory.

128

24

Ci'lHSI

llo~aJia ,n;yme CYBOpO TIOCTMTlL QiJIMMM HO~aMM MOJIMJiaC.H HaBKOJiiiiiKax 3 pyKaMM, ni,n;HeceHMMM ,n;o He6a. ByJia 3aBJK,n;M Ha,n;3BM~aii:Ho Jiari,n;Ha, TMxa, noBHa mo6oBi :11: MOB~a3Ha. Y To:l1: ~ac noMep enMcKon MMJiaccM, i :H:oro HacTynHMKOM CTaB iryMeH IIaBJIO. To,n;i BiH 3a ,n;aBHiM xpMCTM.HHCbKMM 3BM~aeM BMCB.HTMB CB. KceHJO Ha ,ll;M.HKOHicy, rn;o6 po6MJia pi3Hi TIOCJiyrM B u;epKBi, a rOJIOBHO OIIiKyBaJiaC.H JKiHKaMM. Ta He ,ll;OBro CJIYJKMJia CB. KceH.H BoroBi Ha 3eMJii. rocno,n;b ,n;yme cKopo noKJIMKaB ii no He6ecHy Haropo,n;y. KoJIM o,n;Horo ,n;H.a errMcKon IIaBJIO BM6paBCSI 3 yciM ,n;yxiBHMD;TBOM ,n;o ceJia JleBKMH, ,n;e Bi,n;6yBaJiaC.H ypo~MCTiCTb npM MOID;aX CB. €cppeMa, KOJIMIIIHboro errMcKorra MMJiaccM, CB. KceH.a CKJIMKaJia Bcix CeCTep ,ll;O MOHaCTMpCbKOl u;epKBM i CKa3aJia lM, ID;O Ha,n;iHIIIOB yme ~ac 11 po3JIYKM 3 HMMM. IIoTiM rrpocMJia MOJIMTMC.H 3a He1, i TaKom caMa MOJIMJiac.a nepe,n; BomMM npecToJioM 3a HMX i 3a enMcKona IIaBJia. IIonporn;aBIIIMCb 3 HMMM, nonpocMJia 1x 3aJIMIIIMTM 11 CaMy, KoJIM Bci BMHIIIJIM, BOHa cTaJia HaBKOJiiiiiKM i MOJIMJiac.a; 3ro,n;oM ynaJia xpecToM Ha 3eMJIIO i rn;e ,n;oBrM:l1: ~ac rrepe6yBaJia y po3MOBi 3 BoroM. ParrToM y u;epKBi 3ac.a.aJio .acHe CBiTJIO, a 3 u;epKBM no~aB ,n;oHOCMTMCb npME:MHMH 3anax. To,n;i Bci cecTpM 36irJIMC.H ,n;o u;epKBM, a no6a~MBIIIM cB. KceHIO Ha 3~i, xoTiJIM ni,n;H.HTM ri, Ta rro6a~MJIM, rn;o BOHa MepTBa. CTaJioc.a u;e B cy6oTy, 24 ci~H.H 450 poKy. To,n;i 3'.HBMBC.H Ha,n; MOHaCTMpeM 6JIMCK~M:l1: xpecT y c.aiO~OMY BiHKy. Ty ~y,n;ecHy 3'.HBY rro6a~MJIM MMJiacc.aHM, rn;o 3 enMcKorroM IIaBJIOM BepTaJIMC.H 3 6orocJiym6M . .li:MBYBaJIMCb :11: He 3HaJIM, rn;o 6 u;e MorJio 03Ha~aTM, JIMIIIe IIaBJIO 3po3yMiB 3Ha~eHH.H 3'.HBM i CKa3aB: "lryMeH.a KceH.a BMepJia". Bci nepeKoHaJIMC.H B TOMy, .HK TiJibKM IIpMHIIIJIM ,ll;O MiCTa. Ha rroxopoH npeno,n;o6Ho1 MaTepi KceHi 3i:l1:IIIJioc.a 6araTo JIIO,ll;eH, .HKi 6aJKaJIM TIO,ll;MBMTMC.H Ha CB.HTY XO~ TiiCJI.H CMepTi. KoJIM Morn;i rroKi:l1:Ho1 iryMeHi HeCJIM ,n;o rpo6y, JIIO,ll;M 6a~MJIM HOBe ~y,n;o: TOH BiHOK 3 xpeCTOM, ID;O 3'.HBMBC.H Ha,ll; MOHaCTMpeM, cyrrpOBO,ll;JKyBaB 1x am ,ll;O TOrO MiCD;.H, ,n;e IIOXOBaJIM TY CB.HTY ,n;iBMD;IO, .aKa 3 JII06oBi ,n;o XpMcTa Bi,n;peKJiac.a 6araTCTBa cBiTy :11: yc.aKMX 3eMHMX po3KOIIIiB, a BM6paJia co6i JKMTT.H B6orocTi :11: ~MCTOTM . .HK npM Morn;ax, TaK i rrp11 rpo6i cB. KceHi cTaJioc.a 6araTO ~y,n;eCHMX 03,ll;OpOBJieHb. He3a6apoM rroKJIMKaB Bar ,n;o ce6e :11: TMX ,n;Box KOJIMIIIHix CJIYJKHMD;b, .HKi pa30M 3i CBOE:IO MOJIO,ll;OIO naHeiO CJIYJKMJIM ,n;ocKOHaJIO Boryl' IIoxoBaJIM 1x 6iJI.H CB. KceHi. O,n;Ha 3 HMX nepe,n;

129

25 CiYHSI

CMepTlO Bi)::(KpHJia npHCYTHiM TaHHY CB. 1\ceHi H po~Ka3aJia BCIO icTopiro KOJIHIIIHhOI iryMeHi a 1\oa, rn;o no-repoifchKH nirnJia aa cJioBaMH Icyca Xpn:cTa: "I KOmHHH, XTO 3a)::(JI.H iMeHi Moro noKHHe )::(iM, 6paTiB, CeCTep, 6aThKa, MaTip, miHKy, ):(iTeM, llOJI.H, B CTO pa3 6iJihiiie O)::(epmliTh i mHTT.H BitiHe MaTHMe B Clla,z:(ID;HHy" (MT

19:29).

25

Ci'IH.H

CB.HTHH rPHrOPIH EOrOCJIOB CB. rpHropi:H BorocJIOB, a6o Haai.HH3hKHH, - :u;e O)::(HH a HaifcJiaBHirnHx CB.HTHX X pHCTOBOI IJ;epKBH rpe:u;hKoro o6p.H)::(y.

HapO)::(HBC.H rpHropi:H paHirne BiA CB. BacHJii.H BeJin:Koro, nepe)::( 329 poKOM, B Apn:.HHai, no6JIH3Y MicTa Haai.HHaa B MaJii:tf Aail. BaThKOM :Horo 6yB CB. rpHropi:H CTapiiiHH, 6araTHH yp.H)::(HHK, .HKHH )::(OBri poKH 6yB noraHHHOM, a 3rO)::(OM peBHHM, CBHTHM XpHCTHHHHHOM i 45 JiiT - E:llliCKOllOM MicTa Haai.HH3a. MaTip'ro rpn:ropi.H 6yJia CB. HoHHa, Baipe:u;h )::(OCKOHaJIOCTi. HacaMnepe)::( BOHa HaBepHyJia CBOrO tiOJIOBiKa )::(O XpHcToBo1 BipH; aro)::(OM, Bme B niaHiiiiHX JiiTaX no)::(pymHhoro mHTT.H, BHnpocHJia co6i B Bora cn:Ha, rn;o6 :Horo llOCB.HTHTll Ha CJiym6y lloMy; TOMY rn;e MaJIOMY rpHropiiO )::(aBaJia CB.HTi KHHrH, rn;o6 XJIOlltiHK 3MaJIKY IIIyKaB CB.HTOl 3a6aBH. CB. HoHHa 6yJia TaKa MHJiocep)::(Ha, rn;o roBopHJia: ".HK6n: 6yJio MOmJIHBO, R npo)::(a.Jia 6 ce6e if cBo1x )::(iTeif, rn;o6 O)::(epmaHi rporni p03)::(aTH B6orHM". A KOJIH rpHropieBi )::(apyBaJia neprne CB.HTe €BaHreJii€, TO CKa3aJia: "IlaM'.HTaH, ID;O .H BllllpOCHJia Te6e B Bora i O)::(Horo TiJihKH xo-qy, rn;o6 TH 6yB )::(OCKOHaJIHH".

MaB rn;e CB. rpHropi:H _6paTa 1\ecapi.H H cecTpy roproHiiO. ByJia :u;e po)::(HHa, B .HKiif yci poayMi.JIH if cnoBH.HJIH cJioBa

130

25

Cil.fHR

fOCIIO~HhOl MOJIHTBH: "Hexa:i;i: 6y~e BOJI.H TBO.H .HK Ha He6i, TaK i Ha 3eMJii". Y ci TpO€ ~iTeM, BHXOBaHi ~6aii:JIHBO M II060.mH0 1 CTaJIH CB.HTHMH ~iThMH XpHcTOBo'i IJ;epKBH. fpMropiii: Ta ii:oro 6paT Kecapiii: yt-IHJIHC.H B HaMBMIIJ;HX IIIKOJiax To~iiiiHix LJ:aciB. CBoiO HayKy rroLJ:aJIH B Karrrr~oKiMChKiii: Kecapi'i, ~e o6H~Ba 6paTH rroaHaMOMHJIHC.H 3i cB. BacHJiieM BeJIHKHM, .HKHM Te.m TaM BLJ:HBC.H. fpMropiii OC06JIHBO peTeJihHO BHBLJ:aB KpacHOMOBCTBO ii: ¢iJioco¢i10, 6o xoTiB cTaTH rrpaBHHKOM. 3 Kecapi'i Karrrra~oKiMChKOI fpHropiii: BH'ixaB Ha rro~aJihiiiY HayKy ~o Kecapi'i rraJieCTHHChKo'i, rroTiM - ~o OJieKcaH~pil, ~e BLJ:HBC.H ii:oro 6paT Kecapiii:, a rricJI.H KopoTKoro rrepe6yBaHH.H B €rHrrTi BM6paBc.H Ha rro~aJihiiie HaBLJ:aHH.H ~o ATeH. ,Il;o cJiaBHo'i rpe:u;hKOl CTOJIH:u;i fpMropiii: BHPYIIIHB MopeM. IIi~ LJ:ac Tie'i rro~opo.mi rrot.IaJiac.H TaKa cTpaiiiHa 6yp.H, m;o 3~aBaJioc.H: BCiX LJ:eKa€ HeMHHyLJ:a CMepTh. Ty IIpMro~y TaK OIIHCaB CaM fpMropi:i;i:: "MeHe rHaJia rrpMCTpaCTh ~0 HayK, a MOp.HKH 6yJIH CBOl JIIO~H. Ta B.me Ha IIOLJ:aTKY IIOLJ:aJiaC.H TaKa 6yp.H, IIJ;O MOp.HKH He IIaM' .HTaJIH IIO~i6HO'i. ,Il;Ba~IJ;.HTh ~HiB i HOLJ:eM MH IIpOCTO rHHYJIH, a .H HaBKOJiiiiiKax rrpM3HBaB Ha rroMit.I Bora, m;o :u;ap10e Ha He6i. Ilepe~LJ:yBaiOLJ:H HeMHHYLJ:Y CMepTh, yci IIaHiKyBaJIH, Ta .!1 1 6i~HHM, 60.HBC.H 6iJihllle 3a BCiX 3a CBOIO ~yiiiy, 60 .!1 Mir BMepTM HeXpMIIJ;eHHM, i cepe~ rrary6HHX BO~ .!1 6a.maB ~YXW3HOl BO~H. ToMy rrpocHB y Bora xot.I HeHa~oBro Bi~BepHyTH cMepTh. TaK TepniB .!1 1 a 3i MHOIO M MOl 6aThKH, 60 B Hit.IHOMY BH~iHHi IIi3HaJIH, B HKiii: .H 6yB He6e3rre:u;i. BoHH 3 cyiiii HeCJIH MeHi rroMit.I CB0€10 MOJIHTBOIO, rrpo IIJ;O .!1 ~OBi~aBC.H IIi3Hiiiie. l MOpe CTaJIO BTHXOMHpiOBaTHC.H. To~i .!1 IIOCTaHOBHB y CBO€MY cep:u;i, m;o, .HK Bp.HTYIOC.H, TO IIOCB.HLJ:Y ce6e IIOBHiCTlO BoroBi; i t.Iepe3 Te IIpMpet.IeHH.H .!1 Bp.HTyBaBC.H".

IlpM6yBIIIH m;acJIHBO ~o ATeH, fpMropiii: 3HOBY 3YCTpiBc.H 3i cB. BacHJiieM, .HKHM TaKo.m rrpM'ixaB TY~H Ha HayKy. Terrep o6H~Ba IOHaKH CTaJIH cep~et.IHHMH, ~py3.HMH. CB. fpMropi:i;i: TaK CKa3aB rrpo TY ~py.m6y: "MH 6yJIH o~HHM cep:u;eM i o~HieiO ~yiiieiO".

KpiM Toro, CBOlMH LJ:ecHoTaMH ii: My~picTIO fpMropiii: i BacHJiiii: rrepeBMIIl;yBaJIH CBOlX IIIKiJihHHX TOBapMIIIiB, ~HByBaJIH rrpo¢ecopiB, a BCiM ~aBaJIH ~o6pMM IIpMKJia~. Pa30M 3 HHMH XO~HB TO~i ~o IIIKOJIH Maii:6yTHiii: iMrrepaTop IOJiiaH, HKHM 3ro~oM Bi~cTyiiHB Bi~ XpMCTOBo'i BipM ii: 6a.maB rroBepHyTH ~ep.maBi rroraHCTBO. Ilpo Toro IOJiiaHa Bi~cTyiiHMKa fpMropiii: y.me To~i cKa3aB cyMHe rrpopot.Ie CJIOBO: "0, .!IKe He:m;acT.H BHXOBY€ co6i fpe:u;i.H!" IlicJI.H 3aKiHLJ:eHH.H HayKH B ATeHax, t.Iepe3 10 JiiT fpHropiii: t.Iepe3 IJ;apropo~ BepHyBc.H ~o 6aThKiBChKoro ~oMy. ByJio ii:oMy

131

25

Ci4Hfl

Ta.n;i 30 poKiB. To.n;i .m, 6JUI3bKO 359 poKy, rrpRii::Ef.HB BiH BeJIRKY TaMHY XpR~eHH.H. 3 .HKRMR IIJiaHaMR BepTaBC.H fpRropiM 3 ATeH .n;o.n;oMy, He 3HaE:MO, aJie IIeBHe Te, ~0 He TY .n;opory .)KRTT.H BR6paB BiH C06i Terrep, ,ll;O .HKOl roTyBaBC.H B illKOJii. IJepe6yBaiO"tiR B ,ll;OMi 6aThKiB, fpRropiM 3a6amaB 6iJihill cyBoporo mRTT.H. A KOJIR CB. BacRJiiM, mRBy-qR B IIOHTiMChKiM rryCTRHi Ha,D; qOpHRM MapeM MOJIRTBOlO, rrpau;ero, rrocTOM i po3.n;yMaMR Ha.n; CB.HTRM IlRChMOM, 3arrpocRB fpRrapi.H ,ll;O ce6e, BiH OXO"tle IIiiiiOB 3a IIOKJIRKOM CBOrO ,n;pyra.

TaM rrpoBiB fpRropiii 3i CB. BacRJiieM KiJibKa ~aCJIRBRX poKiB, KOJIR BOHR 6yJIR .HKHaM,D;aJii Bi.n; CBiTy i .HKHaM6JIR.m"tle ,ll;O Bora.

Ta TOM CB.HTRM 3aTRillOK MyCiB IIOKRHYTR CB. fpRropiM Ta IIOBepHyTRC.H ,ll;O,ll;OMY IIOMaraTR CTapoMy 6aTbKOBi, TO,ll;i Bme 'IIoHa,n; 80-JiiTHhOMY errRcKorroBi Ha3i.HH3a, B 3aBi,n;yBaHHi errapxiero M yciM rocrro,n;apcTBOM. A ocKiJihKR 6aThKO BBa.maB, ~0 6iJibillY ,ll;OIIOMOry MaTRMe BiH Bi,D; CRHa-CB.H~eHRKa, TO, Ha 6a.maHH.H Ha3i.HH3bKRX rpOMa,D;.HH, rri.n; "tlaC O,ll;HOrO CB.HTa BRCB.HTRB Hecrro.n;iBaHO fpRropi.H B CBOIM KaTe,n;pi Ha CB.H~eHRKa, Ha ~o TOM He 30BciM rroro.n;.myBaBc.H. Bi,n; TaKoi: Hecrro.n;iBaHKR fpRropiM yTiK ,ll;O CB. BaCRJii.H B IIOHTiMCbKY IIYCTRHIO. IJepe6yB TaM Bi.n; Boro.HBJieHH.H .n;o BeJIRKO,D;H.H. Ha 6JiaraHH.H 6aTbKa BepHyBc.H fpRropiM rricJI.H 10 TR.mHiB .n;o Ha3i.HH3a, ociB TaM Ha ,ll;OBrRM "tlaC, ,ll;OIIOMaraiO"t!R CTapOMy 6aTbKOBi CIIOBH.HTR Ba.mJIRBi o6oB'.H3KR, ,n;o -qoro, .HK y.me Terrep .n;yMaB, rroKJIRKaB Mara caM Bar. CTaB BiH peBHRM rroMi"tiHRKOM 6aTbKa M rap.H"t!RM rrporroBi.n;HRKOM Bo.moro CJIOBa. 3a rropa.n;oro cB. BacRJii.H HarrRcaB BiH rricJI.H cMepTi cyMHai: rraM' .HTi iMrrepaTopa IOJiiaHa Bi.n;cTyiiHRKa (363 p.) ,D;Bi IIpOMOBR, B .HKRX .n;yme rrepeKOHJIRBO OIIRCaB rrepeMary XpRCTR.HHCTBa Ha,D; rroraHCTBOM. y 369 pou;i IIOMep 6paT fpRropi.H CB. KecapiM, iMrrepaTOpCbKRM JiiKap y IJ;apropo.n;i. ByB u;e Mym, ~o cepe.n; pa3KamiB iMrrepaTopcbKaro .n;Bopy, B -qac HaM6iJihiiiaro rrepecJii.n;yBaHH.H, epeceM i rroraHCTBa, BiB HaMCB.HTime mRTT.H, IIiCJI.H .HKOrO 6yB 3a"tiRCJieHRM .n;o CB.HTRX. CBiM rrpRpo,n;HRM 6iJih i .maJih no BTpaTi TaKara CRHa 6aTbKR IIOKJiaJIR Ha Bora. CB. HaHHa rri.n; -qac IIOMRHaJibHOl 6oracJiy.m6R M IIOXBaJibHOl IIpOIIOBi.n;i, .HKY <- BRrOJIOCRB fpRrapiM, CTO.HJia He B .maJI06HiM, a B CBiTJiiM o.n;e.mi, 60 CMepTb y XpRCTR.HH n;e He CMYTOK, a pa.n;iCTb, BOHR ,ll;RBJI.HTbC.H Ha Hel O"t!RMa BipR. 3rO,D;OM IIOMepJia TaKO.)K i CeCTpa CB. fpRrapi.H CB. fopraHi.H, Ha.n; .HKOIO fpRrapiM TaKO.)K BRrOJIOCRB Ha,D;rpa6Hy rrpOIIOBi,D;h.

132

25

CiYHSI

Ha Toii 'lac rrpwrra,n;ae o,n;Ha Be.JIHKa aac.Jiyra CB. fpwropia.

CTapw:H: errwcKorr rrpHii!fHB HerrpaBoBipHi yxBa.JIH Co6opy B PiMiHi, IIJ;O Ma.JIH ITpH€,li;HaTH epeTHKiB, TaK 3BaHHX ITiBapiaH, ,li;O XpHCTOBoi: IJ;epKBH. To:H: KpOK CTaB rrpH'IHHOIO Be.JIHKoro o6ypeHHH Mi* rrpaBoBipHHMH, ro.JIOBHO Mi* MOHaxaMH. HaapiBaB Kpax pe.Jiiri:H:Hoi: e,n;HocTi. To,n;i TieiO crrpaBolO aaiiHHBCH CB. fpHropi:H: Boroc.JioB i Bce rro.Jiaro,n;HB. Ilic.Jia cMepTi 8BceBiH cB. BacHJii:H: Be.JIHKHii cTaB 370 poKy errHcKorroM Kecapi'i :H: MHTporro.JIHTOM Karra,n;oKiiicbKOI rrpoBiHu;i'i.

B Toii 'lac iMrrepaTop Ba.JieHT a rrpe«PeKTOM Mo,n;ecTOM cTapa.JIHCH aaKpirrHTH B Kanrra,n;oKi'i apiaHCbKY epech. O,n;HaK u;e 1M He B,n;anoca, 60 CB. BaCHJiiH CMi.JIHBO CTaB B 060pOHi rrpaB,li;HBOl BipH. I.U;o6 a.JiaMaTH BIIJIHB CB. BacHJiia, iMrrepaTop rro,n;i.JIHB Karrrra,n;oKiiO Ha ,n;Bi rrpoBiHu;il. IJ;e BHKopHcTaB AHTHM, errHcKorr TiaHH, CTOJIHI.l;i HOBOCTBOpeHOl rrpoBiHu;i'i. BiH BBa)KaB ce6e MHTpOIIOJIHTOM Tiel rrpoBiHu;ii: H ITO'!aB BHCTyiTaTH ITpOTH CB. BaCHJiiH. I.ll;o6 3aKpiiTHTH, Ma6yTb, CBO€ CTaHOBHIIJ;e, CB. BaCHJiiH CTBOpHB HOBe errHCKOIICTBO B CaaHMi, Ma.JioMy MicTe'!KY Ha Me*i o6H,n;Box rrpoBiHu;i:H:, Mi* HaaiHH30M i TiaHOlO. Ha errHcKorra Tiel HOBo! CTOJIHI.l;i I1pH3Ha'!HB i BHCBHTHB CB. fpHropiH, HKHH rrpHHHHB errHcKorrcbKi CBH'!eHHH, a.Jie ,n;y*e Heoxo'!e. OcKi.JihKH cTapocTa Ca3HMH 6yB HBHO He3a,li;OBOJieHHH THM €l1HCJtOITCTBOM, TO fpHropiii: HiKOJIH HaBiTh He 6yB y CaaHMi, xo'l cB. Bacw.Jii:H: HaiTOJIHraB, rn;o6 BiH ITOciB CBiH BJia,li;H'IHH rrpeCTOJI. "lJepea Te ,IJ;Ba KOJIHIDHi ,n;pyai He MOr.JIH rropoayMiTHCH. 3rO,li;OM HaCTa.Jia Mi)K HHMH 3HOBY aro,n;a, a.Jie He BepHy.JiaCH ,n;aBHH cep,n;e'IHiCTb. fpwropiii: aa.JIHIDHBCH ,n;a.Jii B HaaiaHai i1: 6yB rroMi'IHHKOM cBoro 6aTbKa, a KOJIH HaCTYITHOrO poKy 6aTbKO ITOMep, fpHropi:H:, XO'l 6a)KaB THXOrO, CaMiTHbOrO )KHTTH, MyciB yrrpaBJIHTH Ha3iHH3b'KOlO errapxielO. To,n;i * yMep.Jia i1: cB. HoHHa. Bi.JihHHH Bi,n; errHcKOIICbKHX o6oB'H3KiB, a, KpiM TOrO, 3HeMO)KeHHH He,n;yroiD, BH'ixaB fpHropiii: 375 poKy ,n;o IcaBpiii:cbKo'i Ce.JieBKi'i, ,n;e B MOHaCTHpi cB. TeKJii rrpoBiB 5 JiiT MHJioro ii:oMy acKeTH'!Horo )KHTTH. Ko.JIH CB. fpwropiii: ,n;a.JieKo Bi,n; cBiTy Bi,n;,n;aBCH 6oroMi.JihHOMY )KHTTlO B MOHaCTHpi, rrpHHIDJia ,li;O HbOrO CYMHa BiCTKa, IIJ;O HOrO ,n;pyra cB. BacHJiia Be.JIHKoro rroKJIHKaB Bor 1 ci'IHH 379 poKy no He6ecHy Haropo,n;y. Terrep CB. fpwropiii: 3a.JIHIDHBCH 30BCiM O,li;HH. CaMe To,n;i rroMep iMrrepaTop BaneHT. CMepTb Toro epeTHKa H rOHHTe.JIH rrpaBOBipHHX ITpHHeCJia CIIOKiH IJ;epKBi. IlpaBOBipHi BJia,li;HKH aa,n;yMa.JIH Bi,li;HOBHTH rrpaB,li;HBY Bipy H pe.JiiriHHe )KHTTH y Hai1:6i.Jibill 3aHe,n;6aHHX rrpOBiHI.l;iHX i MiCTaX, ITOCJiaBIDH TY,li;H

133

25

Ci'-IH51

peBHHX ,n;yiiirracTHpiB. HaM6iJihiii 3aHerraJioiD .6yJia :u;epKBa B IJ;apropo,n;i, ,n;e 6JIH3hKO 40 JiiT rocrro,n;aproBaJIH apiaHH. He6araTo BipHHX, .HKi 3aJIHIIIHJIHC.H IIiCJI.H apiaHCbKOrO rrepecJii,n;yBaHH.H, He MaJIH HaBiTh CBOel :u;epKBH ,Ll;JI.H Bi,n;rrpaBH 6orocJiy.m6. €IIHCKOIIH, lll;O ,LJ;YMaJIH rrpo peJiiriMHe Bi,n;po,n;.meHH.H B IJ;apropo,n;i, IIOCJiaJIH ,Ll;O CB. rpHropi.H JIIO,LJ;eM 3 rrpoxaHH.HM, lll;06 BiH rroceJIHBC.H y IJ;apropo,n;i M po3rro"tJaB ,n;yiiirracTHpcbKY rrpa:u;ro.

CB.HTHM, .HKHM ,n;y.me JII06HB crroKiM, 6o.HBC.H :u;apropo,n;chKoro 3aKOJIOTY, rri,n;cTyrrcTBa M HaCHJIJI.H, He rroro,n;.myBaBc.H Ha rrporro3H:u;iro errHcKorriB. AJie, BpeiiiTi, 3po6HB :u;e ,n;JI.H Bo.moi: crrpaBH M BHi:xaB ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a.

Y IIHIIIHiM iMrrepaTOpCbKiM CTOJilfll;i He rrpHMH.HJIH CB. rpHrOpi.H 3 Bi,n;KpHTHMH o6iMMaMH. TaM JIIO,n;H 3BHKJIH ,n;o po3KOIIIi i1: IIOKa3HOCTi, a rpHropiM IIpHlXaB y6oro O,LJ;.HrHeHHM, rrepe,n;"tJaCHO 3rop6JieHHM, JIHCHM ... Ta MaB BiH m;ocb TaKe, "<~oro He 6yJio B IJ;apropo,n;i: CB.HTY rrpaB,n;y. Il CHJIOIO, a TaKO-'K KpaCHOMOBHiCTlO Ta peBHiCTID errHcKorr rro"<~aB rrpHT.HryBaTH ,n;o ce6e Hapo,n;. He MaiO"tJH MiCll;.H ,Ll;JI.H CBOel CB.HTOl rrpa:u;i, rpHrOpiM 3aMeiiiKaB y cBoe'i rrJieMiHHH:u;i AJIHIIi.HHH, a TOM ,n;iM, B .HKOMY rrpo.mHBaB, 3po6HB :u;epKBOIO XpHcToBoro BocKpeciHH.H (AHacTa3ic). 3 Tie! MaJIOl TBep,zvmi IIO"tJaBC.H BeJIHKHM HaCTYII rrpaBOBipHHX. Y TiM :u;epKBi BHf'OJIOCHB CB. rpHropiM CBOl CJiaBHi rrpOIIOBi,n;i IIpO IIpecB.HTY TpiM:u;ro.

IIpaBoBipHHM JIIO,n; pa,n;iB. ITo BeJIHKOMy IJ;apropo,n;i po3HecJiac.H ,n;o6pa HOBHHa IIpO CB.HTOrO KpaCHOMOBll;.H 3 :u;epKBH BocKpeciHH.H. A epeTHKH-apiaHH M arroJiiHapHCTH MeTyiiiHJIHC.H, JIIOTyBaJIH, BCID CBOIO HeHaBHCTb 3BepHyBIIIlf IIpOTH CB. rpHrOpi.H. Po6HJIH Ha Hhoro pi3Hi HaKJierrH, B,n;HpaJIHC.H ,n;o Moro :u;epKBH, Harra,n;aJIH Ha HbOrO, 6HJIH, 38KH,LJ;aJIH KaMiHH.HM, T.HraJIH ITO cy,n;ax .HK 3aKOJIOTHHKa. A CB. rpHropiM cepe,n; THX 6araThOX 3HeBar i TepiiiHh IIOTiiiiaB ce6e THM: .HKlll;O 3a MOrO IIpOTlfBHHKaMH CTOlTb CHJibHa rrapTi.H, TO 3a HlfM - BeJIHKa CIIpaBa; .HKlll;O BOHH MalOTb :u;epKBH, TO 3 HHM e caM Bor; .HKm;o 3a HHMH Hapo,n;, TO rrpH HhOMY CTO.HTh CB.HTi aHreJIH. KpiM Toro, BiH MaB rrpH3HaHH.H HaMCJiaBHiiiiHX JllO,LJ;eM TOrO "'laCy. Ta HacTaJIH Kpam;i -qacH ,n;JI.H IJ;epKBH. Y 380 po:u;i iMrrepaTop Teo,n;ociM, rrpHMH.HBIIIH CB. XpHm;eHH.H 3 pyK rrpaBoBipHoro errHcKorra i3 TecaJioHiKH, Bi,n;pa3y BH,n;aB ,n;eKpeT, 3a .HKHM yci Bi3aHTiMll;i MaJIH BH3HaBaTH TiJihKlf TY Bipy, .HKY BH3Ha€ IJarra B PHMi M rraTpiapx B OJieKcaH,n;piL IlpH6yBIIIH 3ro,n;oM ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a, BiH IIOCTaBHB TO,LJ;iiiiHhOrO rraTpiapxa-apiaHHHa rrepe,n; BH6opoM: IIpHMH.HTH KaTOJilfll;hKY Bipy a6o IIOKHHYTH MiCTO. ApiaHHH BH6paB ,n;pyre, i TO,n;i iMrrepaTOp Bi,n;,n;aB CB. rpHropiiD

134

25

ci'-IHR

u;apropo,n;ci>KIIH rraTpiapnmii: rrpecToJI. KoJIII Haii:6JimK"'IIIH CIIHo,n; IIOTBep,n;IIB Te iMrrepaTOpCbKe rrpll3Ha"tJeHHH, rpnropiH IIOciB cepe,n; BeJinKoi: ypo"'IHCTOCTi ii: cxBaJibHHX BnryKiB Hapo,n;y rraTpiapnmii: rrpeCTOJI. Ta He ,ll;OBrO 6yB CB. rpnropiii: rraTpiapxoM. Ili,n; "'lac fi BceJieHCbKOro Co6opy, :w;o Bi,n;6yBcH B IJ;apropo,n;i 381 poKy, rroMep roJioBa Co6opy cB. MeJieTiii:, apxierrncKorr AHTioxiii:cbKHH, i CB. rpnropiii: rrepeii:HHB roJioByBaHHH. Bi,n; ce6e BiH 3arrporroHyBaB, :w;o6 HacJii,n;HHKOM MeJieTiH ,n;o 3aKiH"lleHHH aHTioxiii:cbKOi: cxn3MH Bn6paJin IlaBJIHHa, MeJieTieBoro rrpoTHBHHKa, Ta "tJJieHn Co6opy Bi,n;KIIHYJIII 1.1;10 i,n;ero. 3ro,n;oM rrpn6yJin Ha Co6op ernrreTCbKi ii: MaKe,n;oHci>Ki errncKorrn, HKi BHCYHYJIH rrpOTII rpnropiH 3aKH,ll;, IIJ;O BiH He 3piKCH OQJiiJ;iHHO erriicKorrcTBa B Ca3HMi ii: TOMY, 3ri,n;Ho 3 15 KaHOHOM HiKeHCbKoro Co6opy, He Mome 6yTn 3aKOHHHM apxierrncKorroM IJ;apropo,n;a. 3 Ta6opy HOrO rrpOTHBHHKiB 6yB HaBiTb 3aMaX Ha HOrO mHTTH. IJo6a"tJHBIIIII TaKHH CIIpOTHB, rpnropiH, IIJ;O 3aBm,n;II JII06IIB crroKiii:, BnpiiiiHB 3peKTHCH u;apropo,n;CI>Koro rrpecToJiy ii: roJioByBaHHH Ha Co6opi. "HK:w;o Moe rrepe6yBaHHH Ha rrpecTOJii Be,n;e ,n;o 3aMiiiiaHHH, - rrpoMOBHB Ha 36opax ,n;o OTIJ;iB Co6opy, - H rOTOBHH, HK fioHa, ,ll;JIH BTHIIIeHHH 6ypi 6yTH BHKHHYTHM y MOpe. HK:w;o 6 Bci HIIIJIH 3a MOIM rrpnKJia,n;oM, IJ;epKB~aJia 6 crroKiii:.

H HiKoJin He 6amaB "tJecTi i rrpnHHHB THrap Ha ce6e 3 BeJIHKOIO HeOXOTOIO. flKIIJ;O Bll BBamaeTe n;e 3a IIOTpi6He, H Bi,ll;CTYIIJIIO".

IMrrepaTop ,n;oBro He rroro,n;myBaBCH Ha ii:oro Bi,n;'13,n;. Ta Bee m CB. rpnropiii: cep,n;e"tJHO rrorrpom;aBCH 3 OTIJ;HMH Co6opy H Hapo,n;oM y rrpecTOJibHiii: u;epKBi cB. Co<Pil Ta Bni:xaB ,n;o Ha3iHH3a.

Bi,n;'i:m,n;maiO"'III 3 IJ;apropo,n;a, CB. rpnropiii: 3aJIHIIIHB no co6i BeJIIIKY rraM'HTKy: BpHTOBaHy ii: yKpirrJieHy XpncToBy Bipy B HaH"'IOpHiiiiy ro,n;nHy ,n;JIH rrpaBoBipHnx, roJIOBHO Ha Cxo,n;i. CB. rpnropiii: ,n;o6pe CTaBHBCH ,ll;O HaCTYIIHIIKa Ha n;apropO,ll;CbKOMy rrpeCTOJii HeKTapiH, XO"ll BiH CTOHB 6araTO HIIm"tJe Bi,n; HbOrO. Y Ha3iHH3i TaK HixTo i He rrociB rricJIH cMepTi 6aTbKa CB. rpnropiH rrpecTOJI. Tom Heo6xi,n;Ho 6yJio yrrpaBJIHTH TieiO errapxiero HOMY am ,n;o "'lacy rrpnxo,n;y HOBoro errncKorra, HKHM cTaB 383 poKy ii:oro Ky3eH EBJiaJiiii:. To,n;i CBHTHH rroceJIHBCH y CBOE:MY pO,ll;HHHOMY XYTOpi B Ha3iHH3i, ,n;e Bme BiB 30BCiM THXe mHTTH. IJi,n; KiHeiJ;b CBOel 3eMHOl MaH,n;piBKH rpnropiH HaiiiiCaB KiJibKa II060mHHX IIOeM, HKi XpllCTHHHCbKiH MOJIO,ll;i 3aCTYIIHJIH TBopn rroraHCbKHX aBTopiB, rroeTiB-epeTnKiB. Oco6JinBo n;iHHa e :H:oro rroeMa "Ilpo ce6e caMoro", B HKiii: cB. rpnropiii: orrncye CBOe mnTTH :H: CBOl rrepemiiBaHHH. KpiM Taro, CB. rpnropi:H: rrncaB JIIICTII :H: rrp~rroBi,n;i. 3a :H:oro 6orocJIOBCbKi rrporroBi,n;i rrpo Ilpe-

135

26

CiYHI'I

CB.HTY Tpi:Hrvo, BHrOJIOIIIeHi B IJ;apropo,ZJ;i y u;epKBoi rocJIO,ll;HhOro BocKpeciHH.H, XaJIKi,ZJ;OHChKHH Co6op Ha3BaB M:oro BorocJIOBOM. TaKy cJiaBHY Ha3BY Mae ru;e TiJihKH cB. HoaH BorocJioB. IloMep CB. fpHropiM: BorocJioB Ha 80 pou;i mHTT.H B ApH.HH3i, ,ZJ;e H HapO,ZJ;HBC.H, B TaKOMY BeJIHKOMy Bi,ZJ;OKpeMJieHHi Bi,ZJ; CBiTy, ru;o, xol.I i HaJiemaB ,ZJ;o HaiicJiaBHiiiiHX CB.HTHX XpncToBo'i IJ;epKBH, MH Terrep HaBiTh He 3Ha£MO TOl.IHO, KOJIH BiH IIOMep: l.IH 389, l.IH 390 poKy. IIoxoBaJIH cB. fpnropi.H 6iJI.H MornJin 6aTbKa cB. fpnropi.H CTaprnoro. Y 950 pou;i, Ja iMrrepaTopa KoHcTaHTHHa Barp.HHopo,ZJ;Horo, rrepeHecJin HeTJiiHHi Moru;i CB. fpnropi.H ,ZJ;O IJ;apropo,ZJ;a i IIOKJiaJIH B u;epKBi CB. ArrOCTOJiiB rrpn MOI.IJ;aX CB. IBaHa 3oJioToycToro. 3ro,ZJ;oM rrepeHecJin l.IaCTHHY cB. Moru;e:H ,ZJ;O PHMa, ,ZJ;e BOHR ,ll;OCi CIIO"llHBaiOTb Ha BiBTapi Oa3HJiiKH CB. IleTpa y BaTnKaHi. JKnTTerrHc CB. fpHropi.H BorocJioBa cBi,ZJ;l.IHTh HaM, ru;o 6yB BiH JIIO,ll;HHOIO BeJIHKHX ,ZJ;apyBaHh, a O,ll;HOl.IaCHO HimHOl, IIOKipHOl H MHpOJIIOOHOl B,ZJ;al.Ii. Y CIIOKiHHOMY cepe,ZJ;OBHIIJ;i BiH Mir rrpau;IOBaTH 3 BeJIHKHM ycrrixoM ,ZJ;JI.H ,ZJ;o6pa IJ;epKBH. TaKoro OTO"lleHH.H BiH He 3HaXO,ll;HB, 3a BHH.HTKOM, xioa Ha3i.HH3a.

IIol.IyBaiOl.IH ce6e B cBiTi 3Jie, :BiH iHCTHHKTHBHO myKaB caMOTH, ,ZJ;e Bi,ZJ;,ZJ;aBaBca 6oroMiJihHOMY mnTTIO M: JiiTepaTypHiM: rrpau;i.

Ilpau;.H cepe.i(JIIO,ZJ;eH i BTel.Ia Bi,ZJ; HHX l.IepryBaJIHC.H B HOrD mHTTi. BiH He rro,ZJ;iOHHH ,ZJ;O CB. BacnJii.H BeJIHKoro, .HKHH, He3BamaiOl.IH Ha BCi Tpy,ZJ;HOI.IJ;i, CIIOKiHHO ,ll;OBO,ll;HB ,ZJ;O KiHIJ;.H p03IIOl.IaTi CIIpaBH. 3aTe cB. fpnropi:H rrepeBHI.IJ;HB CB. BacHJii.H KpacHOMOBCTBOM i JiiTepaTypHHM TaJiaHTOM. CB. BacHJiiM: y cJioBi M: IIHChMi BH3Hal.IaBC.H rrpOCTOTOIO, a CB. fpHropiH BHKOpHCTOByBaB yci 3aco6H KpacHOMOBCTBa M: ,ZJ;ooipHoro CTHJIIO. Horo TBopn, HaBiTh rrpo3oBi, rroBHi o6pa3HocTi M: mHTT.H, HarrncaHi 3 rro,ZJ;HBY ri,ZJ;HOIO JierKicTIO. Y rri3Himy, Bi3aHTiHChKY ,ZJ;o6y, cB. fpnropi.H BorocJioBa BBamaJIH HaHOiJihiiiHM XpHCTH.HHCbKHM IIHCbMeHHHKOM. 26

ci'!HSI

CBHTI KCEHO«<»OHT I MAPIH JKHB y V CTOpi"lll.Ii B MiCTi IJ;apropo,ZJ;i IIIJI.HXeTHHH OO.HpHH KceHo¢loHT, .HKHH 3i cBoeiO miHKOIO Mapie10 BeJin rro6omHe XpHCTH.HHChKe )KHTT.H, BHXOBYIO"llll ,ll;BOX CBOIX CHHiB lBaHa Ta ApKa,ZJ;i.H. IOHaKH TaK oxol.Ie cJii,ZJ;yBaJIH Hayu;i cBo'ix rro6omHnx 6aThKiB, ru;o, He3BamaiO"llH Ha ,ZJ;OCTaTKH 6aThKiBCbKoro ,ZJ;OMY M: po3Barn BeJIHKoro MicTa, BeJin aHreJihCbKe mnTT.H crrpaBmHix XpHCTH.HH.

136

27

Ci'-IH~

3rO.D;OM CRHR BRIXaJIR Ha HaBtJaHHH .D;O cpiHiKiHChKOrO MiCTa BRpRTa y cJiaBHY mKOJIY cpiJiococpil. Kom.r IBaH i ApKa,n;iH: 6yJIR B.me B mKoJii, TH.mKo 3aHe.n;y.maB KceHocpoHT. CRHR rrpR6yJIR .n;o I.J;apropo.n;a rrorrpom;aTRCH 3 6aThKOM i o.n;ep.maTR Bi.n; Hhoro rrepe,n;cMepTHe 6aThKiBChKe 6JiarocJIOBeHHH. Ta cTaJIOCH TaK, rn;o 3aB.n;HKR 'ixHiH cep.n;etJHiH: MOJIRTBi 6aThKO BR,n;y.maB. BepTaiOtJRCh ,ll;O IDKOJIR, 6ypH p036RJia KOpa6eJib, Ha HKOMY 6yJIR 6paTR. JliO,n;R ,n;o6RpaJIRCH Ha .n;omKax Ta iHmRx 3aJIRmKax Bi,n; Kopa6JIH. TaK BPHTyBaJIRCH i 6paTR, ane Bo.n;a 3aHecJia 'ix y pi3Hi Micn;H. III;acJIRBO .D;OIIJIRBIDR ,ll;O 6epera, XJIOTIIJ;i TIOBCTyiiaJIR B MiCIJ;eBi MOHaCTRpi. OrrJiaKyBaJIR o.n;RH o.n;Horo, Ta rn;o6 He .n;o6RTR cMyTKOM CBOIX 6aTbKiB, He TIOCRJiaJIR HiHKOl BiCTKR .D;O I.J;apropo.n;a.

3ro,n;OM 6aTbKR 3aHeTIOKOlJIRCH, lll;O Bi.D; CRHiB HeMa ,ll;OBrO HiHKOl BiCTKR, i TO.D;i TIOCJiaJIR CJiyry .D;O MiCTa BRpRTa Bi.D;Bi,n;aTR CRHiB y mKoJii Ta .n;oBi.n;aTRCH, HK 'iM Be.n;eThCH. A.m To.n;i 6aThKR .D;OBi.D;aJIRCH rrpo po36RTTH KOpa6JIH, a TaKO.m rrpo Te, lll;O rrpo lXHiX CRHiB HeMae HiHKOl tJYTKR. ,lJ;yMaiOtJR, lll;O BOHR TIOTOTIRJIRCH rri.n; tJaC 6ypi, .n;y.me 3aCMYTRJIRCH, aJie HK .n;o6pi XpRCTRHHR IIOKOpRJIRCH Bo.miH BOJii. 3ro.n;oM BOHR BR6paJIRCH Ha rrporn;y .D;O €pycaJIRMa, i TaM 3a Bo.mo10 JiacKoiO Ta 3a .n;orroMoroiO o.n;Horo CTapeHbKOrO MOHaXa Bi,n;HaHIDJIR CBOlX CRHiB, HKi Te.m rrpR6yJIR TO,ll;i .D;O €pycaJIRMa Bi.D;Bi,n;aTR CB. MiCIJ;H. BeJIRKa 6y~- pa.n;iCTh y TiH pO.D;RHi, KOJIR 6paT Bi,n;HaHIDOB CBOrO 6paTa, a 6aThKR CBOIX CRHiB. IIo.n;HKyBaBmR BoroBi Ta HaTimRBIDRCh Hecrro,n;iBaHOIO 3YCTpitJtJIO, CRHR IIOIIporn;aJIRCH 3 6aTbKaMR i Bi.n;iHIDJIR B rrycTRHIO, rn;o6, Bi.n;.D;aJIRBIDRCh Bi.n; cBiTy, cJiy.mRTR Bory, a 6aThKR BepHyJIRCH .n;o I.J;apropo.n;a, po3,n;aJIR cBoe Mail:Ho B6orRM, a orricJIH H CaMi p03IIpOlll;aJIRCH Ta BCTYTIRJIR .D;O MOHaCTRpiB, ,n;e CBHTO 3aKiHtJRJIR CBOE: )KRTTH. 27

Ci'IHH

llEPEHECEHH.H MOID;EH CB. IBAHA 30JIOTOYCTOrO CB. IBaH 3oJioToycTRH, n;apropo.n;chKRH rraTpiapx, rroMep 14 BepecHH 407 poKy B MaJiiH A3i'i (MicTo KoMaHR), Ky.n;R H:oro 3acJiaB iMrrepaTop ApKa.n;iH: 3a HaMoBoiO cBoe'i .miHKR €B.n;oKcil.

KoJIR 434 poKy I.J;apropo,n;chKRH rraTpiapx cB. IIpoKJih rrpocJiaBJIHB CB. IBaHa 3oJioToycToro B cBo'iH rrporroBi.n;i, Hapo.n; cTaB rrpocRTR H:oro rrepeHeCTR cB. Morn;i .n;o I.J;apropo.n;a. Ba.maHHH Hapo.n;y 6yJio T~Ke BeJIRKe, rn;o CB. IIpoKJih He Mir HaBiTh

137

27

CiYH51

,ll;OKiH'IHTH CBOel IIpOIIOBl,ll;l. IJaTpiapX rrepeKa3aB rrpoxaHH.H

•

BipHHX iMrrepaTopoBi Teo,n;ocieBi, CHHOBi ApKa,n;i.H Ta €B,n;OKci'i, a TOll OXO'le IIOrO,ll;HBC.H CIIOBHHTH 6a:>KaHH.H Hapo,n;y, IIOCJiaBmH ITO CB. MO~i BeJihMO:>K 3i cpi6HOIO ,ll;OMOBHHOIO. IJi,n; 'laC rrepeHeCeHH.H MO~eif BH,ll;y:>KaB O,ll;HH KaJiiKa.

IIEPEHECEHH.ff MOlt(EH CB. IBAHA 30JIOTOYCT0f0 138

28

CiYHs:l

KoJIH Mo~i cB. IBaHa 3oJioToycToro rrpHBe3JIH ,n:o XaJIKi,n:oHa, HaBrrpoTH IJ;apropo,n:a, TaM Bme 'IeKaJIH Ha HHX rraTpiapx, iMrrepaTop 3 yciM CBOlM ,[{BOpOM Ta BeJIHKOlO KiJihKiCTlO Hapo,n:y. ,lJ;OMOBHHY rrepeBe3JIH Ha iMrrepaTOpCbKOMY KOpa6Jii ,[{0 IJ;apropo,n:a, crreprny - ,n:o :u;epKBH cB. ToMH, a orricJI.H - ,n:o :u;epKBH CB. lpHHH i rroMiCTHJIH i:x Ha BiBTapi. KoJIH Bi,n:KpHJIH ,n:oMOBHHy, MHJIHH 3arrax rrpoHicc.H no :u;epKBi: MO~i 6yJIH HeTJiiHHi. IMrrepaTop 3H.HB 3 ce6e IIJia~a, IIpHKpHB HHMH CB. MO~i, a OIIiCJI.H HaXHJIHBC.H Ha,[{ HHMH Ta CTaB 3i CJib03aMH B O'IaX 6JiaraTH B CB.HToro rrpo~eHH.H 3a HaCHJIJI.H Ha,n: HHM, .HKe crrpH'IHHHJIH M:oro 6aThKH, a roJIOBHO - MaTH €B,n:oKci.H. TaKom rraTpiapx :u;iJiyBaB 3 Jil060B'lO CB. MO~i Ta pa,n:iB, ~0 BOHR BepHyJIHC.H ,[{0 IJ;apropo,n:a; a Hapo,n: B,[{eHb i BHO'Ii 'IaTyBaB 6iJI.H HHX, ~06 XO'I TOpKHYTHC.H ,n:oMOBHHH CB.HToro.

HacTyrrHoro ,n:H.H rrepeBe3JIH i:x Ha iMrrepaTopcoKiH KapeTi ,n:o :u;epKBH CB. ArroCTOJiiB i IIOMiCTHJIH Ha IIaTpiapiiiOMY BiBTapi; TO,[{i 3BOpyrneHHH JIID,[{ rOJIOCHO CKpHKHyB: "IlpHMMH 3HOBY CBiH BiBTap, OT'Ie!" Toro ,[{H.H rri,n: 'lac CJiym6H Bomo16araTo He,n:ymwx BH,n:ymanw, a ,n:oMoBHHa :u;ap11:u;i €B,n:oKcil rrepecTaJia Tp.HCTHC.H. OrricJI.H IIOKJiaJIH CB. MO~i y BiBTapi Ta IIpOCJiaBJI.HJIH "Bo~,[{HBHOrO BO CB.HTHX CBOIX".

CB.HTIIH €«1lPEM Bi,n:oMHM 6yB ~e 3a mHTT.H CB. €<PpeM .HK BeJIHKHH YliHTeJih,' rrporroBi,[{HHK, rroeT, rro.HcHroBa'I CB.HToro IlHChMa M: o6opoHe:u;o XpHCTOBOi: BipH. 3 cwpiM:coKHX oT:u;iB M:oro e,n:wHoro BIIIaHOBYIDTh yci xpHCTH.HHH. KaTOJIHKH BBamaroTb M:oro CB.HTHM YliHTeJieM IJ;epKBH, a pi3Hi cwpiM:coKi :u;epKBH Ha3HBalOTh M:oro "ap<lJoro CB.HToro ,z::J;yxa" i B cBoi:x 6orocJiym6ax BHKopwcTOBYIDTh M:oro ,n:yxoBHi HayKH, roMiJiii: i rricHi. CB. €<PpeM He 6yB ,n:yme B'IeHHM MymeM, aJie, BHB'lalO'IH CB.HTe IlHChMO, ,n:iM:rnoB ,n:o rJiw6oKoro po3yMiHH.H Bom11x Ta€MHH:u;o.

CB. BacwJiiM: BeJIHKHH roBopwB rrpo cB. €<1JpeMa .HK rrpo "cJiaBHOrO CHpiMI.l;.H, MeCOIIOTaM:u;.H, ,n:o6pe o6i3HaHOlO 3 yciM THM, ~o rrpaB,[{HBe". A CB. €poHiM y cBoeMy orrwci BeJIHKHX xpHCTH.HHChKHX IIHCbMeHHHKiB 3ra,[{y€ HOrO OCb .HKHMH CJIOBaMH: "€<1JpeM, ,[{H.HKOH :u;epKBl'l B E,n:ecci, HarrwcaB 6araTo TBopiB rro-cHpiM:coKH i CTaB TaKHM Bi,[{OMHM, ~0 HOrO IIHCaHH.H IIpHJilO,[{HO tiHTalOTb

139

28 CiYHfl

no ,z:r;eSIKIIX u;epKBax rricJISI CBSIToro IlRChMa. TBip CB. €q:JpeMa rrpo CBSIToro ,IJ;yxa cBi,z:r;'IRTh rrpo BIICOKIIH reH:iii Toro Myma".

CB. €q:JpeMy Mil 3aB,li;SI'IyeMo BBe,z:r;eHHSI B u;epKOBHi 6orocJiym6R Ha6omHIIX rriceHb SIK Bli3HaqaJihHOl 03HaKII n;epKOBHOrO 6oroBeJIR'!aHHSI i1: rrpli3HaHoro 3aco6y HaB'!aHHSI peJiiriHHIIX rrpaB,z:r;. IJ;eii 3BR'Iaii 3 E,z:r;eccR He3a6apoM rrepeiiHSIJIII Bci cxi,z:r;Hi n;epKBII, a IIOCTYIIOBO i 3axi,z:r;Hi. Hapo,z:r;RBCSI cB. €q:JpeM Ha rroqaTKY IV BiKy B cRpiiichKiii HRCR6i'i, IIJ;O 6yJia To,z:r;i rri,z:r; BJia,z:r;oro pliMJISIH. Horo 6aThKII 6yJIR xpRCTRSIHaMR. TaKy BicTKY rro,z:r;aiOTh ,z:r;eSIKi mRTTerrRcu;i Ha OCHOBi CJiiB, IIJ;O lX HaiiRCaB CaM €q:JpeM. "fl HapO,li;IIBCSI Ha ,z:r;opo3i rrpaB,z:r;R, xoq Moe ,z:r;RTIIHcTBO He p03YMiJIO BeJIIIKOl Tiel crrpaBR. Bi,z:r; cBo'ix rrpe,z:r;KiBXJii6opo6iB Sl HaB'IIIBCSI CB. €<PPEM rri3HaBaTR XpRcTa; Mo'i 6aThKII 3aJIIIIIIIIJIII MeHi y CIIa,li;IIIIIHY rocrro,z:r;Hiii CTpax. H 6a'!IIB cyci,z:r;iB, m;o jKlfJIII ,z:r;yme rro6omHo. H 'IYB rrpo TIIX 6araThOX My'!eHRKiB, m;o 3arRHYJIR 3a XpRCTa. Mo'i 6aThKII 6yJIR icrroBi,z:r;HRKaMR rrepe,z:r; cy,z:r;,z:r;ero, SI - po,z:r;R'I My'IeHRKiB". O,z:r;HaK iHrna BepciSI TaKa: 6aThKII cB. €q:JpeMa 6yJIR rroraHaMR. ,I:(oBi,z:r;aBIIIIICh rrpo HaBepHeHHSI €q:JpeMa ,z:r;o XpRCTRSIHcbKo'i Bipll, rrporHaJIR iioro 3 xaTR. Ha 18 pou;i mRTTSI BiH rrpRiiHSIB cB. Taii:Hy Xp11m;eHHSI i To,z:r;i CTaB yqHeM cB. HKoBa, HIICR6ii1:chKOro errRcKorra, 3 SIKIIM BiH 6yB 325 poKy Ha Co6opi B HiKe!.

IliCJISI CMepTi CB. flKOBa €q:JpeM 6yB Ha6JIRmeHIIM ,li;O TphOX HaCTYIIHIIX BJia,ll;IIK, Ma6YTh, SIK HaCTaBHIIK CJiaBHOl E:IIIICKOIIChKOl IIIKOJIII B H11C116i'i. Y TOM qac rrepe6yB BiH Tpll rrepChKi o6JIOrll MiCTa HRCR6i'i, SIKi OIIIICaB IIi3Hiiiie y Biprni. IliCJISI CMepTi IOJiiaHa Bi,z:r;cTyrrHRKa iMrrepaTop HoBiaH yKJiaB 3 rrepcaMR HeBRri,z:r;HRii Mllp. XpRCTIISIHII rroKRHYJIR MiCTO HRcR6iro, 3 HIIMII IIiiiiOB i CB. €q:JpeM, SIKIIH IIiCJISI KOpOTKOrO rrepe6yBaHHSI y pi3HIIX Micu;eBOCTSIX rroceJIRBCSI B rreqepi cepe.z:t cKeJih MicTa E,z:r;eccR. TaM BiB cB. €q:JpeM ,z:r;yme cyBope mRTTSI, i:B SI'IMiHHRii: xJii6 i 140

28

CiYHSI

ropo,n:~IHY, Cilaii Ha roJiiH 3eMJii; TaM HamwaB BiH 6iJihiiiY "l!aCTHHY CBOlX ,n:yXOBHHX TBOpiB. BHrJIH,n: CBHToro €<}lpeMa 6yB crrpaB,n:i acKeTH"l!HHM. ByB BiH MaJioro pocTy, JIHCHM, 6ea 6opo,n:H. :A:oro o,n:HrOM 6yJia rroJiaTaH~ o,n:ema 60JIOTHHOrO KOJihOpy. llpH 3ra,n:u;i rrpo OCTaHHiH cy,n: IIOTOKH CJii3 IIJIHBJIH 3 iforo O"lleH. "llJiaKaTH ,ll;JIH €<}lpeMa, IIHCaB I)mropi:H: HichKHH,- 6yJio Te caMe, m;o ,n:JIH iHmHx ,n:HxaTH IIOBiTpHM; B,l{eHb i BHO"lli 6yJIH CJih03H Ha HOrO O"l!ax". Ta m;e 6iJihiiiHM 6yJio :H:oro yrroBaHHH Ha Bora, B ycix ,n:iJiax i ,n:yMKax BHPHBaJIHCH 3 iioro cepu;H if yeT CJIOBa cB. rrcaJIMa: "KoJIH KJia,n:ycH Ha CIIO"l!HHOK, TBOH JII060B ,l{O JIIO,l{eH, rocJIO,l{H, IIpHXO,l{HTh MeHi Ha ra,n:Ky, i H BCTaiO cepe,n: HO"lli, m;o6 ,n:smyBaTH To6i. Ta 3ra,n:Ka rrpo rpiXH JI.HKa€ MeHe i H IIO"l!HHaiO JIHTH CJih03H; H Mir 6H HaBiTh yrraCTH AYXOM, HKID;O 6 He IIOCIIiiiiHJIH CKpiiiHTH MeHe HaiiiBMepTBOrO - poa6iHHHK, MHTap, rpimHHI.J;H, XaHaHeHChKa miHKa, caMapHHKa :H: iHmi". ByB BiH ,n:yme B6orHM: €<}lpeM He MaB HiKOJIH Hi 30JIOTa, Hi cpi6Jia, Hi TOp6H Bi,ll;IIOBi,l{HO ,l{O CJiiB ,n:o6poro B"l!HTeJIH XpHCTa: "He 36HpaiiTe co6i cKap6iB Ha 3eMJii".

By,n:Y"l!H Bi,n: IIpHpo,n:H CXHJihHHM ,ll;O rHiBy, BiH 3YMiB CTaTH TaKHM Jiari,n:HHM, m;o iforo Ha3HBaJIH "MymeM crroKoiO". O,n:Horo pa3y, IIiCJIH KiJihKa,n:eHHOrO IIOCTy, IIOIIpOCHB CB. €<}lp~M CBOrO Y"l!HH rrpHHeCTH iioMy cTpaBy. Y"l!eHh Hie MHCKY TaK Jieo6epemHo, m;o BOHa BrraJia if poa6HJiacH. CBHTHM ycMixHyBcH i cKa3aB: "He XOTiJia MHCKa 3i CTpaBOIO IIpHHTH ,ll;O MeHe, TO H rri,n:y ,l{O Het". lloTiM ciB Ha,ll; "l!epeiiKaMH i CIIOKiMHO CIIO:>KHB p03CHIIaHy IIO 3eMJii 'imy.

Yci :>KHTTerrHcu;i cB. €<}lpeMa 3ra,n:yiOTh, m;o KOJIH CBHTHM rrepmHii pa3 rrpHMIIIOB ,n:o MicTa E,n:eccH, TO 3ycTpiB miHKy, HKa rrpaJia B pi"llu;i 6iJIH3HY. KoJIH DOHa rro"l!aJia Ha,n:To cMiJIH.Bo 3a,n:HBJIHTHC.H Ha Hhoro, cB. €<}lpeM aacTepir ri, m;o6 orrycTHJia CTH,l{JIHBO O"lli ,l{O 3eMJii. "Hi, n;e TH Maem ,l{HBHTHC.H B 3eMJIIO, 60 TH 3 He'i B3.HTHH; ID;O,ll;O MeHe, TO n;e I.J;iJIKOM HOpMaJihHO, m;o6 .H ,l{HBHJiaC.H Ha Te6e, 60 3 Te6e ("l!OJIOBiKa) H 6yJia CTBOpeHa". €<}lpeMOBi CIIO,l{06aJiaC.H i"i Bi,l{IIOBi,n:b, i BiH CKa3aB rOJIOCHO: "flKID;O :>KiHKH B I.J;hOMY MiCTi TaKi po3yMHi, TO HKi :>K MYC.HTb TYT 6yTH "l!OJIOBiKH!" IHmHM pa3oM, KOJIH CB.HTHM rrpHMIIIOB 3i cBoei: rre"llepH ,ll;O MiCTa, HaiipOTH HOrO BiKHa CTaJia rpimHa :>KiHKa H IIHTaJiaC.H, "l!oro noMy 6paKye. "BpaKye MeHi u;erJIH if BarrHa, m;o6 3aMypyBaTH Te BiKHO if He ,n:HBHTHC.H Ha Te6e," - Bi,n:rroBiB CB.HTHM. Xo"l! roJIOBHOIO iioro ,n:oMiBKOIO 6yJia rre"l!epa, Ta, o,n:HaK, CB. €<}lpeM He 6yB 3aTBOpHHKOM, a 3aHMaBC.H BCiMa n;epKOBHHMH CIIpaBaMH B •E,n:ecci, .HKe BiH Ha3BaB MiCTOM 6JiarOCJIOBeHH.H Ta

141

28 CiYHS'I

•

,LJ;e BiH MaB BeJIHKHH BnJIHB. TaM BiH qacTo nponoBi.LJ;yBaB, a KOJIH roBopHB npo .LJ;pyrHii npHXi.LJ; XpHcTa i cTparnHHH cy.LJ;, Hapo.LJ; TaK nJiaKaB, rn;o pH.LJ;aHH.H 3arJiyrnyBaJIH :H:oro cJioBa. BiH nHcaB: "BcTaBIIIH .HKOCb ,LJ;yme paHO, ni,LJ;HiC .H oqi Ha He6o, ID;O CJiaBOlO OCBiTHJIO 3eMJIIO. l .H CKa3aB 3 nO,LJ;HBOM: ".flKID;O 30pi TaK C.HlOTh, To qJI He 3aC.HIOTh HeBHMOBHHM cBiTJIOM CnacHTeJI.H npaBe.LJ;Hi i1: CB.HTi, rn;o cnoBH.HIOTh Bomy BOJIID". Ta Jie,LJ;Be .H 3ra,LJ;aB npo npHxi.LJ; focno,LJ;a, .HK CTp.HXHYJIHC.H MOl KOCTi, 3aTpinoTiJIH ,LJ;yiiia H TiJIO, .H 3anJiaKaB 3 cep,LJ;eqHJIM 6oJieM i npOMOBHB 3 THXHM 3iTXaHH.HM: ".HKHM npe,LJ;cTaHy .H, rpiiiiHHH, y TOR cTpaiiiHHH qac? .HK CTaHy nepe.LJ; npecTOJIOM cTparnHoro Cy.LJ;.LJ;i? .HK cTaTH MeHi 6iJI.H ,Ll;OCKOHaJIHX? .flK MeHi, 6e3nJii.LJ;HOMy, noTpanHTH B p.H.LJ;H THX, rn;o npHHeCJIH nJIO.LJ;H npaBe.LJ;HOCTi? III;o po6HTHMY, KOJIH CB.HTi B He6ecHiH naJiaTi 6y,LJ;yTh Bni3HaBaTH O,Ll;HH O,Ll;HOro? XTO Bni3Hae MeHe? MyqeHHKH noKamyTh CBOl paHH, nO,LJ;BHmHHKH - CBOlO qecHOTY, a ID;O .H noKamy, KpiM JiiHOID;iB i He,L(6aHJIHBOCTi ?"

IIi3Hirne, KOJIH cJiaBa :H:oro CB.HTOcTi po3HecJiac.H ,LJ;yme .LJ;a.JieKo, O.LJ;Horo pa3y ni.LJ; qac po3,LJ;yMyBaHH.H npo CMepTh i cy,LJ; CB. €<1JpeM po3nJiaKaBC.H, KamyqH ,Ll;O CBOlX yqHiB: "BOIOCb, MOl 6paTH, rn;o6 Ti, .HKi ChOrO,LJ;Hi 3BYTb MeHe 6JiameHHHM, He CMi.HJIHC.H KOJIHCb 3 MeHe, .HK no6jl'llaTh MeHe y BiqHoMy BOrHi. Eo .H 3Haro cBoe JiiHHBCTBo!" KoJIH xoTiJIH npH3HaqJITH :H:oro enHcKonoM, BiH HaBMHCHe B,LJ;aB 6omeBiJihHOrO, rn;o6 YHHKHYTH BHCOKOl enHCKOnCbKOl qecTi. Y CBOlH nOKOpi CB. €<1JpeM Bi.LJ;MOBJI.HBC.H Bi.LJ; YC.HKHX BHID;HX .LJ;YXOBHHX CB.HqeHb i am y ni3Hiiiii pOKH HOrO mHTT.H BHCB.HTHB :H:oro enHcKon E.LJ;eccH Ha .LJ;H.HKOHa. 3 Toro qacy :H:oro TaK i Ha3HBa.JIH- ,Ll;H.HKOH €<1JpeM. Ta e B HOrO TBOpax TaKi BHCJIOBJIIOBaHH.H, .HKi BKa3yiOTb Ha Te, ID;O BiH 6yB BHCB.HqeHHH Ha CB.HID;eHHKa. CB. €<1JpeM nponoBi.LJ;yBaB Bome cJioBo 3 TaKoro peBHicTro, ID;O Hai1:6iJihiiii rpiiiiHHKH HaBepTaJIHC.H, i CB.HTa Bipa TaK yKpinHJiaC.H, rn;o HaBiTh iMnepaTop lOJiiaH Bi.LJ;cTynHHK He HaBamHBC.H nepecJii.LJ;yBaTH TaM HiKoro 3a Bipy. A epeTHKiB nepeMaraB He TiJihKH nponoBi.LJ;.HMH, nporoJiorneHHMH no u;epKBax, a i1: BHKPHBa.JihHHMH CTaTT.HMH, .HKHMH yKpinJIIOBaB npaB,LJ;HBHX XpHCTH.HH. KoJIH epeTHKH ni.LJ; qac cBo'ix Bi.LJ;npaB BHKOpHcToByBaJIH Biprni i THM nOT.HraJIH 3a C060IO JIIO,LJ;eH, TO CB. €<1JpeM noqaB CKJia,LJ;aTH ,LJ;yxoBHi nicHi, rn;o 'ix cniBaJIH no npaBoBipHHX u;epKBax miHoqi _x.opH. Ti nicHi MaJIH BeJIHKHH ycnix i cnpHqHHHJIHC.H .LJ;O yKpin"JieHH.H npaB,LJ;HBOl BipH. :ffi:HTTenHCI.J;i CB. €<1JpeMa 3a3HaqaroTh, rn;o 3a cBoe mHTT.H BiH no6oproBaB am ,LJ;eB'.HTh pi3HHX epece:H:, rn;o po36HBaJIH e,LJ;HiCTh XpJicToBo'i QepKBH. BJIH3hKO 370 poKy BH6paBc.H CB. €<1JpeM y ,L(opory 3 E.LJ;eccH .LJ;O Kanna,LJ;oKiiichKO'i Kecapi'i Bi.LJ;Bi.LJ;aTH cB. BacHJii51 BeJIHKoro,

142

28

Ci'-IHR

rrpo .HKoro BiH "'~YB 6araTo .n;o6poro. BiH rro6a"l!HB y BH,n;iHHi BOI'HeHHOI'O CTOBIIa, m;o C.HI'aB Bi.n; 3eMJii am ,ll;O He6a i IIO"l!YB ronoc: "8¢lpeMe, 8¢lpeMe! .ffK n;eii CTOBII, TaKHH e CB. BacnniH!" KpiM Taro, 6a"'IHB BiH :aa rrne"lli CB. Bacnni.a rony6a. IlpniilllOBillH .n;o KecapiY Ha CB.HTO Boro.HBJieHH.H, 3acTaB BiH CB. Bacnni.a y n;epKBi B OTO"l!eHHi "liHCJieHHOI'O .n;yxiBHHI.l;TBa. 8¢lpeMOBi 3,ll;aJIOC.H, :w;o CB. Bacnniii KyrraeTbC.H B rrycTiii cnaBi, TOMY rro.n;yMaB co6i: "lliKo.n;a MOI'O Tpy.n;y, 6o "'IIi n;eii Mil' 6H 6yTH THM BOI'HeHHHM CTOBIIOM?" Ane .HK TiJibKH CB. Bacnniii rro"llaB rrporroBi.n;yBaTH, rrepeKoHaBC.H cB. 8cppeM, :w;o cnoBa 3 yeT cB. Bacnni.a BHxo.n;nnn, .HK BOI'OHb, i CIIaJIIOBaJIH BC.HKe 3JIO. 3,n;HBOBaHHH THM, CKa3aB: "HarrpaB.n;y, BeJIHKHH e Bacnniii, HarrpaB.n;y BiH e BorHeHHHM CTOBIIOM, HarrpaB.n;y CB.HTHH ,[J;yx rrpoMOBJI.He iioro ycTaMn!" CB. Bacnniii rri3HaB To.n;i BHyTpilllHiM rrpocBi"lleHH.HM, :w;o cB. 8¢lpeM e B n;epKBi i 3arrpocHB iioro .n;o ce6e Ha po3MOBy; 3ro.n;oM xoTiB TaKO)K BHCB.HTHTH Ha CB.Hm;eHHKa. 0.n;HaK CB. 8cppeM y CBOlH BeJIHKiii rroKopi i1: rnn6oKiii rrolllaHi .n;o IIpecB.HTo'i 8BxapncTii1Ho'i JKepTBH HiKOJIH He cMiB Bi.n;rrpaBJI.HTH Cnym6n Bomo'i.

IloBepHyBillHCb .n;o E.n;eccn 3HMOIO 372-373 poKy, cB. 8¢lpeM 3acTaB TaM BeJIHKHH rono.n;. Bara"lli He xoTiJIH .n;aBaTH rromepTB ,ll;JI.H B60I'HX, BHIIpaB,ll;OBYIO"liHCb THM, m;o HeMa Ha,n;iHHOl JIIO,ll;HHH, .HKiii 6n MomHa 6yno .n;oBipHTH po3rro.n;in xap"lliB i1: rpollleii. To.n;i Tiero crrpaBoro 3aHH.HBC.H caM 8cppeM. BiH 3i6paB c'£i:rrbKH rpollleii i xap"l!iB, m;o Ha.n;iJIHB ycix IIOTpe6yiO"liHX; KpiM TOI'O, rrpn.n;6aB 300 HOill .n;n.a xBopnx. Ilpo n;e HarrncaB o.n;nH iioro mHTTerrncen;b TaK: "Bar .n;aB iioMy Haro.n;y 3.n;o6yTH BiHOK Ha cxnni mHTT.H".

Konn MHHYB rono.n; i1: HacTaB ypomaHHHH piK, cB. 8¢lpeM BepHyBc.a .n;o cBoe'i rre"llepn i TaM 3a Mic.an;b rroMep. MomJIHBO, 1.1;10 CMepTb IIpHCKOpHJia BHCHamJIHBa rrpan;.H rri.n; "'laC p.HTyBaHH.H rono.n;yro"l!HX. Ilepe.n; CBOIM KiHn;eM BiH rrpocnB, :w;o6 HOJ;'O IIOXOBaJIH TaM, .n;e XOBaiOTb "l!Y)KHHI.l;iB, 60 rpilllHHK He BapTHH BeJIHKOI'O IIOXOpOHY. 3aTe IIpOCHB MOJIHTOB, a THX, m;o 6amaJIH crrpaBHTH iioMy 6araTHH rroxopoH, 3aKJIHKaB rraM'.HTaTH nirrllle IIpO B60I'HX. IJoMep 6JIH3bKO 373 poKy. 8 Bi,ll;OMOCTi, m;o BiH )Kll:B ,ll;OBille - ,ll;O 378-379 poKy. CB. 8¢lpeM HarrncaB 6araTo TBopiB, y .HKHX IIOHCHIOBaB CBHTe IlHCbMO CTaporo i1: HoBoro 3arroBiTiB, BHKpHBaB cpaJiblllHBi B"l!eHHH pi3HHX epeTHKiB, BHKJia.n;aB rrpaB,n;HBY HayKy XpncToBo'i IJ;epKBH. TBOpH IIHCaB .HK IIp030Bi, TaK i y BiplllOBaHiH cpopMi, 3 .HKHX Haiin;iKaBillli - "Hicn6iHCbKi rricHi". 72 n;epKOBHi rriCHi CB. 8¢lpeMa H .n;oci CIIiBaiOTb y CHpiHCbKHX n;epKBaX. flora po3.n;yMH rrpo BeJIHKi TaeMHHn;i Bi.n;KyrrneHHH JIIO.D;CbKoro po.n;y i1: MYKY CrracnT~JI.H- .n;yme rnn6oKi. Oco6JIHBO n;iHHHM 3acBi.n;"lleH143

<"

29

Ci'iHSI

H.HM TIOKOpH i B3araJii xapaKTepy CB.HTOrO E: HOrO TBil> "3aiiOBiT".

MH, yKpai:Hn;i, TaKom KOPHCTaeMo 3 n;iHHoi: cna,n;rn;HHH, .HKY HaM 3aJIHIIIHB CB. €cppeM. floro ,n;yme rapHy MOJIHTBY npoKa3yeMO 3 noKJIOHaMH Bnpo,n;oBm BeJIHKoro IlocTy: ''rocno,n;H i BJia,n;HKO mHTT.H Moro, .n;yx MJI.HBOCTi, He,n;6aii:JIHBOCTi, BJia,n;oJiro6CTBa i TIYCTOCJiiB'.H Bi,n;meHH Bi,n; MeHe; ,n;yx me ,n;o6po"lleCHOCTi i CMHpeHHOMy,n;pi.H, TepniHH.H i JII060Bi ,n;apyii: MeHi, He,ll;OCTOHHOMY pa6oBi TBOE:My. TaK, rocTIO,ll;H IJ:apro, ,n;aii: MeHi 3piTH MOl nporpiiiieHH.H i He ocy.n;myBaTH 6paTa Moro, 6o TH 6JiarocJioBeH ecH HaBiKH BiKiB. AMiHh".

Morn;i cB. €cppeMa cno"'HBaiDTb y u;epKBi He3'e,n;HHeHHX BipMeH B Ypcpi, KOJIHIIIHiii: E.n;ecci. "Y"'HTeJieM CB. XpHCTOBOl IJ:epKBH nporoJIOCHB cB. €cppeMa Ilana BeHe,n;HKT XV 1920 poKy. 29

ci'IH.H

IIEPEHECEHH.H MOID;EH CB. IrHATI.H BOrOHOC:Q.H CB. lrHaTiii: BoroHocen;h 3arHHYB MY"lleHHIJ;hKOID cMepTro B PHMi 3a iMnepaTopa Tpa.HHa, .HKHH HaKa3aB KHHYTH CB.HToro Ha po3Tep3aHH.H ,n;HKHM 3BipaM. BipHi no36HpaJIH ii:oro KOCTi i cno"llaTKY noxonaJIH i:x y PHMi, a 3ro,n;oM 3aropHyJIH y rroJioTHo i Bi,n;icJiaJIH .n;o AHTioxii: ,n;JI.H o6opoHH Toro MicTa, o3,n;opoBJieHH.H He,n;ymHx, Ha pa.n;icTb yciM xpHCTH.HHaM Ta Ha cJiaBy lcyca XpHcTa, 3a SIKOrO CB. lrHaTiH OXO"lle Bi,n;,n;aB CBOE: mHTT.H. JCOJIH pHMCbKi xpHCTHRHH Bi,n;cHJiaJIH CB. Morn;i B AHTioxiro, To HanHCaJIH .n;o TaMTeiiiHiX BipHHX: "MH TIOBi,ll;OMHJIH BaM rrpo ,n;eHb ii:oro CMepTi, rn;o6 BH IIJ;OpOKy CXO,ll;HJIHCSI H Bi,ll;3Ha"llaJIH ii:oro TiaM' SITb".

KoJIH cB. Morn;i npH6yJIH .n;o AHTioxil, BipHi noxoBaJIH i:x CIIO"llaTKY Ha ,n;acpHiHCbKOMy nepe,n;MiCTi, a 6JIH3bKO 450 pOKy nepeHeCJIH lX ,ll;O HOBOl n;epKBH, RKY no6y,n;YBaJIH 3a HaKa30M iMnepaTopa Teo.n;ociR MoJio,n;moro Ha Micu;i 3pyii:HoBaHo1 noraHCbKOi: 6orHHi <f>opTyHH. CB. Morn;i npocJiaBHJIHC.H "'HCJieHHHMH "lly,n;aMH. Y noJIOBHHi VII cToJiiTTR rrepeHeCJIH i:x .n;o PHMa B u;epKBY cB. IlanH ICJIHMeHTa. 29

Ci'IH.H

CB.HTHH «<»PAH:QICK CAJibChKHH CJiaBHHH y KaTOJIHIJ;bKOMY cBiTi B"'HTeJib IJ:epKBH CB. <f>paHu;icK CaJibCbKHH npHHIIIOB Ha cBiT 1567 poKy B Ca6aB,n;il. Bi.n;pa3y

144

29

Ci'lH51

HacTyrrHoro ,n;H.H JiacKa cB. XpHm;eHH.H OCB.HTHJia ,n;yiiiy Maii6yTHhoro BeJIHKoro Bomoro cJiyrH. BHxoByBaJia MaJioro rpacpa, HaiicTapiiioro CHHa rpacpa ,n;e CaJI.H, MaTH, .HKiii Jie,n;Be BHIIOBHHJIOC.H 16 JiiT. 3ro,n;oM Hapo,n;~ JIOC.H B TiM po,n;HHi 13 ,n;iTeM:. <l>paHu;icK 6yB cJiyXH.HHHM M: rrpaB,D;OMOBHHM XJIOIIIJ;eM, MaB MHJiocep,n;He cepu;e ,n;o B6orHx, oxoTy ,n;o HayKH M: tJHTaHH.H KHH)IWK. 3 poKaMH B HhOrO CTaJia BHpa3HO IIpOS:!BJIS:!THCh mo60B ,ll;O II060atHOCTi Ta BeJIHKa peBHiCTh rrpo Bomy cJiaBy. BamaHH.HM M:oro cepu;.H 6yJia TiJihKH cJiym6a Bory. Ta M:oro 6aThKO, JIIO,ll;HHa BiHChKOBoro cTaHy M: ,n;yxy, MaJio yBarH aBepTaB Ha rro6omHiCTh CBoro rrepBopo,n;Horo CHHa i Mpi.HB rrpo CJiaBHY CBiTChKY Kap'epy ,D;JI.H Hhoro. Ha 14 pou;i mHTT.H <l>paHIJ;iCKa 6aThKO IIOCJiaB HOrO BlJHTHCS:! ,ll;O IJapH3hKOrO yHiBepCHTeTy, ,n;e XJIOIIlJHHa IIiCJIS:! ro,ll;HH cpiJiococpii: M: KpacHoMOBCTBa, BlJHBCS:! TaHIJ;IOBaTH, 6HTHCS:! Ha IIIa6JI.HX Ta l3,ll;HTH Ha KOH.HX. IJicJI.H IJ;HX BciX 3aH.HTh B.me 3a 6amaHH.HM CBoro cepu;.H BHB'laB CB. <PPAHI.]JCK CAJibCbKHH CB.HTe IlHChMO, cep,n;etJHO MOJIHBC.H ,n;o Bo.mo'i MaTepi, rrpHpiKIIIH Bory ,n;ocMepTHY tJHCTOTY •Ta ,n;yMaiO'lH rrpo Te, m;o6 IIOBHiCTIO IIOCBS:!THTH ce6e CJiy.m6i rocrro,n;eBi. KoJIH iioMy 6yJio 18 JiiT, CTaJia MYlJHTH M:oro crroKyca cTpaxy, w;o BiH yTpaTHB Bo.my JiacKy Ta w;o M:oro m,n;e BitJHe rrpoKJI.HTT.H. BiH ,n;oBro TeprriB BiA BeJIHKoro ,n;yiiieBHoro HecrroKoiO, am rroKH He Bp.HTyBaJia M:oro BiA 6eaHa,n;iiiHocTi Boma MaTH, rrepe,n; cTaTyeiO S:!KOl BiH rap.H'le H IIOCTiHHO MOJIHBC.H: "3ra,n;aft, BCeMHJIOCTHBa ,[I;iBo Mapiel" IIicJI.H Taro <l>paHu;icK y.me 6e3 cTpaxy rrpo,n;oBmyBaB CBO€ HaBtJaHH.H. 3 IlapHma BiH IIOIXaB BHB'laTH rrpaBO ,ll;O yHiBepCHTeTy B IIa,n;yiO, ,n;e BH3HatJaBc.H IIHJihHicTIO B HaBtJaHHi, a w;e 6iJihiiie tJeCHHM .mHTT.HM. KoJIH <l>paHu;icK a Bi,n;aHaKoiO CKJia,n;aB y Ila,n;yi: O,l{HH 3a o,ztHHM iCIIHTH Ta S:!K ",l{OKTOp rrpaBa" 36HpaBCS:!

145

29

CiYHs:l

rronepTaTHC.H ,n;o,n;oMy, 6aThKO, pa,n;iiO'IH ycrrixaMJI en oro cnHa, roTynan ll:oMy ~acnnne .iKHTT.H n rro,n;pymmi 3 rapHoiO :i1: 6araToiO o,n;nHa'IKOIO cyci,n;c~>Ko'i po,n;HHH. Ta <l>paH:u;icK, .HKHH rrepe,n; rrpn13,n;OM ,n;o 6aTI>KiBChKoro ,n;oMy ni,n;6yn ~e rrpo~y ,n;o JlopeTTO :i1: PnMa, Ha,n;3BH'Ia:i1:Ho 'IeMHO, ane pirnYlJe, ,n;an ,n;iB'IHHi 3po3yMiTH, ~0 BiH i He ,n;yMae B :u;iH CIIpaBi IIiTH Ha3yCTpi'I 6a.iKaHHIO 6aTbKa. IJiCJI.H TOrO BiH 3 Tiel CaMOl IIpH'IHHH He IIpHHH.HB IIOCa)l;H B ca6aB)l;CbKOMy ceHaTi, .HKY MOJIO,Zl;OMY ,Zl;OKTOpOBi rrpana rrporroHynan caM KH.H3h.

Ilicn.a cnoro rronepHeHH.H ,n;o,n;oMy <l>paH:u;icK rro3Ha:i1:oMHBC.H 3 errncKorroM JKeHeBH Knan,n;ieM ,n;e fpaHiepoM, .HKHH rrpomnnan y po,n;HHHOMY MaeTKY <l>paH:u;icKa ArHeci, 6o H:oro nnacHy E:IIHCKOIIChKY CTOJIHI.I;IO IIOCiJIH epeTHKH-KaJihBiHiCTH. <l>paH:u;icK TaKe rapHe Bpa.iKeHHJI crrpaBHB Ha E:IIHCKOIIa CBOIMH 3HaHHJIMH i II060.iKHiCTIO, ~0 BiH CKa3aB IIpO HhOro: "l.J;ell: IOHaK 6y,n;e KOJIHCb neJIHKOIO JIIO,Il;HHOIO. BiH cTaHe orropoiO I.J;epKBH :i1: MOIM HaCTYIIHHKOM Ha E:IIHCKOIIChKOMy rrpeCTOJii!" 3a ,ll;OIIOMOrOIO TOrO errncKorra Ky3eH ll>paH:u;icKa, KaHoHiK JIIO,n;oniK CaJihChKHH, rrocTapancJI n ArrocTOJihChKill: CTonn:u;i rrpo rrpn3Ha'IeHH.H lPpaH:u;icKa apxirrpecniTepOM KOHCHCTOpi'i B JKeHeBi. l.J;IO IIO'IeCHY Hecrro,n;iBaHKY--*IPHHH.HB ¢paHI.I;iCK TiJihKH 3a)l;JI.H TOrO, ~0 TaKHM 'IHHOM 6aTbKo liiBH,Zl;liie IIOrO,Zl;HBC.H 6 Ha HOrO BHCB.H'IeHH.H Ha cn.a~eHHKa. Bo 3 HHM, ~o rro-nill:cbKOBOMY nnxonynan cno'ix ,n;iTeH, lPpaH:u;icKOBi 6yJIO Ha)l;3BH'IaHHO Ba.iKKO IIOp03yMiTHCJI. BaThKO B.iKe i TaR 6yB ,n;yme He3a,Zl;OBOJieHHH, ~0 CHH He XOTiB o,n;py.iKHTHC.H :i1: cTaTH ceHaTopoM; a 3a.HBHTH ll:oMy rrpo HaMip CTaTH CB.H~eHHKOM lPpaHI.I;iCK He HaBa.iKyBaBC.H, ~06 ~e 6iJihliie He yCKJia,n;HHTH CTOCYHKH 3 HHM. TiJihKH CBOlH MaTepi, Ky3eHOBi JIIO,n;oniKy :i1: KiJihKOM rrpn.aTeJI.aM, BH.HBHB cnoe 6amaHH.H. To,n;i 6aTbKO .HK ,n;o6pHH KaTOJIHK CKa3an: "Mill: CHHy, .HK~O :u;e crrpan,n;i Boma non.a KJIH'Ie Te6e, TO TH Mycnrn rrocnyxaTn. Bo xTo n TaKHH, ~o6 MoMy rrpoTHBHTHc.a?" Ilo'Iynrnn :u;i nennKo,n;yrnHi CJIOBa CBOrO 6aTbKa, ~aCJIHBHH ¢paH:u;icK, ~0 'IHCTOTOIO CBOrO Cep:u;JI H rJIH60KHMH 3HaHH.HMH B.iKe 3,ll;aBHa roTyBaBC.H ,ll;O CB.H~eHHI.I;TBa, TOrO CaM oro ,ll;H.H O)l;.HrHyB CB.H~eHHI.I;hKY p.acy, a 3a IIiBpOKY 6yB BHCB.H'IeHHH Ha CB.H~eHHKa (1593 p.).

CaMe TO,n;i B iHliiiH CTOpOHi, Ha Hamill: pi,n;HiH yKpalHChKiH _3eMni, roTynan co6i Bor iHrnoro nn6paH:u;.a, .HKHH He3a6apoM '"Man rriTH TOIO .iK ,n;oporoiO ,n;ocKoHano'i rrocn.aTH Bomill: crrpani :i1: crraciHHIO pi,n;Horo Hapo,n;y. I.J;e 6yn Ham Moca(paT, ~o Man To,n;i 13 JiiT. .

Ilepe,n; THM, JIK rrpnHeCTH nrreprne mepTBY IIpecn.aTo'i 8nxapncTi'i, lPpaHI.I;iCK Bi,n;6yB peKOJieK:u;i'i, .HKi 3aKiH'IHB IIOCTaHOBOIO:

..

146

29

Ci4HR

KO:>KHY BiJihHY XBFIJIFIHY ~HR BFIKOpFICTOByBaTFI ~JIR TipFirOTyBaHHR ~o Bi~npaBFI HacTynHo'i CJiym6FI

Bomo'i

"Jli;o BFI Tenep po6FJ:Te?", BiH Mir Bi~TIOBiCTFI:

a6FI Ha 3aTIFIT: "roTyiOCR ~0

CJiym6FI Bomoi:!" 3BopyiliJIFIBa 6yJia :u;e XBFIJIFIHa, KOJIFI ni~ "tJac ..

CJiym6H 6aTbKaM.

Bomo'i CHH ~aBaB BJiacHOPY"tJHO CB. IlpH"'IaCTR cBo'iM A "tJepe3 KiJihKa ~HiB BiH nepellHRB npoBi~ JKeHeBChKO'i

KOHCHCTOpi'i. <l>paH:u;icK Bi~pa3y B3RBCR 3 BeJIHKOIO peBHiCTIO ~0 ~YiliTiaC­ THpCbKOl npa:u;i. 3 mo6oB'ro cnoB~aB mo~ell, npocTo ll 3po3yMiJio

TipOTIOBi~yBaB TIO pi3HHX Mic:u;eBOCTRX 6e3 MO~HHX TO~i JiaTHHCbKO-rpel.l;bKHX BHCJIOBiB.

Y

TOll "tJac 6araTo JIHxa 3aB~aJIH XpHcToBill peJiiri'i B JKe-

HeBChKill enapxi'i epeTHKH-KaJihBiHiCTH. KaTOJIHI.I;hKa 6orocJiym6a 6yJia 3a6opoHeHa, :u;epKBH cnaJieHi, MOHaCTHpi po3nym;eHi, CBRID;eHHKH BHrHaHi, BCe :u;epKOBHe MallHO KOH<}liCKOBaHe. KoJIH

3rO~OM YMOBH 3MiHHJIHCR Ha KOpHCTb KaTOJIHKiB, E:TIHCKOTI TIOCJiaB TY~H Ha MiCillHY npa:u;IO O~HOrO CBRID;eHHKa; Ta OCKiJihKH npOTeCTaHTH He ~aBaJIH llOMy 3MOrH CTIOKillHO npa:u;IOBaTH, BiH MyCiB BepHyTHCR. 8TIHCKOTI BHHiC I.I;IO CnpaBy Ha 3aci~aHHR KOHCHCTOpi'i.

To~i <I>paH:u;icK ni~HRBCR i

cKa3aB: "Bailie IIpeocBRm;eHCTBO,

RKID;O BBa:>KaeTe MeHe 3~aTHHM ~0 TaKOl Micii:, npOIU.Y-MeHe TIOCJiaTH •

.ff

6y~y m;aCJIHBHll, RKID;O 6y~y npa:u;IOBaTFI TaM". 8TIHCKOTI

Bi~pa3y noro~HBCR Ha :u;e, Ta 6aThKO <I>paH:u;icKa 6yB npoTH. IlpHlliliOBiliH 3 CHHOM ~0 E:TIHCKOTia, CTaB Ha KOJiiHa i CKa3aB: "Bailie IlpeOCBRID;eHCTBO, R ~03BOJIHB CBOE:MY HallCTapiliOMY CHHOBi, HMi'i MOel pO~HHH, MOel CTapOCTi, MOrO :>KHTTR, TIOCBRTHTHCR Ha CJiym6y I.J;epKBi, 11.1;06 BiH CTaB BH3HaB:u;eM, Ta R He XO"'Iy, m;o6 BiH 6yB MY"tJeHHKoM!" KoJIH enHcKon, 3BamaiO"'IH Ha Ti cJioBa, XOTiB 3MiHHTH CBOIO ~YMKy, TO~i CaM Cl>paH:u;icK CTaB npOCHTH enHcKona 6yTH MymHiM i nocJiaTH lloro Ha TY TPY~Hy Miciro, Ka:>KY"tJFI: ""LIH xo"tJeTe, IIpeocBRID;eHHHll, 3po6HTH MeHe Heri~HHM Bomoro I.J;apcTBa? IloKJiaBiliH MOIO PYKY Ha nJiyra, xo"'leTe, m;o6

R orJIR~aBcR Ha3a~ Ha RKiCb 3eMHi nepeiliKO~H?" To~i enHcKon TIO"tJaB TipOCHTH 6aTbKa TI06JiarOCJIOBHTH CHHa Ha CBRTe ~iJIO, Ha 11.1;0 TOll CKa3aB:

".ff

He 6amruo TipOTHBHTHCR Bomill BOJii, TaR He

xo"tJy 6yTH B6HB:u;ero cBoro CHHa! Hexall Bor Kepye HHM, Ta Ha TaKe piilieHHR R HiKOJIH He ~aM cBoe'i 3ro~H!" BaThKO BHlliliOB, a CHH 3 ripKOTOIO B cep:u;i BHpyiliHB He3a6apOM 3i CBOlM Ky3eHOM, KaHoHiKoM Jlro~oBiKOM, Ha TPY~HY ll He6e3ne"'IHY MicillHY npa:u;ro,

~e Ha BCIO TipOBiH:u;iiO 6yJIO TiJibKH

20

KaTOJIHKiB, ~0 TOrO :>K y

ni~TiiJIJii, 60R"'IHCb HaCHJIJIR npOTeCTaHTiB •

•

CBoro MicillHY npa:u;ro po3TIO"'IaJIH ~Boropi~Hi 6paTH 3 Bi~Bi~HH KaTOJIHKiB y CTOJIHI.I;i TipOBiH:u;ii: Ta 3aOXOTH HeTIOXHTHO TpHMaTHCR

147

29

CiYHSI

CB. Bipn. CrroqaTKY rrpau;roBaJIH o6H~Ba MicioHepH i caMoMy MicTi, a 3ro~oM rroqaJIH HaBi~yBaTHC.H i B Hai16Jinmqi ceJia. O~Horo Beqopa rri~ qac TaKOI MaH~piBKH MaJio He po3~epJIH ll>paHu;icKa BOBKH. BiH Bp.HTYBaBC.H THM, lll;O BHJii3 Ha ~epeBO M TaM rrepeCH~iB ~oBry 3HMOBY Hiq, BpaHu;i iioro, rrepeMep3Jioro, Bp.HTyBaJIH Bi~ cMepTi ceJI.HHH, .HKi rro6aqnJIH iioro Ha ~epeBi. Ti ceJI.HHH 6yJIH KaJihBiHicTaMH; Ta ll>paHu;icK IX 3ro~oM rrepeKoHaB y rrpaB~HBOCTi KaTOJIHIJ;hKOI BipH. Ha iioro mHTT.H po6HJIH 3aMax KaJihBiHiCTHq,aHaTHKH; ~Biqi iioro TpoxH He B6HJIH, aJie Bor B6epir iioro Bi~ cMepTi. IHIIlHM pa3oM, rri~ qac Bi~KPHTT.H HOBOI KaiiJIHIJ;i, KaJibBiHiCTH o63HBaJIH i rro6HJIH iioro. KoJIH 6aTbKO rrncaB, rn;o6 BiH IIOKHHYB TY T.HmKy rrpau;ro, ll>paHu;icK Bi~rroBi~aB, rn;o He BeJIHTb errncKorr. A ~o cBoro rrpH.HTeJI.H rrncaB: "Mn TiJihKH-HO noqnHaeMo! 5I rri~y cMiJio Brrepe~ i Ha~i.HTHCb 6y~y Ha Bora HaBiTh 6e3 yc.HKOI HMil!" lPpaHIJ;iCK IIOCTiMHO IllyKaB .HKHXOCb HOBHX CIIOC06iB ~OCTyKa­ THC.H ~0 TBep~HX KaJibBiHiCTCbKHX cep~eiJ;b. "Y TOM qac BiH rroqaB CKJia~aTH HeBeJIHKi JIHCTiBKH 3 KaTOJIHIJ;bKHMH IIOBqaHH.HMH, rreperrncyBaB IX i po3CHJiaB yciMa MOmJIHBHMH crroco6aMH. IIpau;.H peBHHX MicioHepiB CTaBaJia ycrrilllHOlO. He3Bam~qn Ha rrpnKporn;i 11: He6e3rreKy ~JI.H cBoro mHTT.H, 3aXO~HB lPpaHIJ;iCK y KaJibBiHiCTCbKi MiCIJ;eBOCTi i CMiJIHBO IIpOIIOBi~yBaB HaBiTb Ha TOprOBHITI;i. "Y ~HCKyCi.HX 3 KaJibBiHiCTaMH 3aBm~H rrepeMarB.B ll>paHu;icK. Ha 6amaHH.H IIarrH KJIHMeHTa VIII CB.HTHH MaB ~HcrryT HaBiT~> 3 Teo~opoM Be3oro, rOJIOBHHM KaJibBiHiCTCbKHM IIpOIIOBi~HHKOM y JR:eHeBi; IIpOBik HHK epeTHKiB He HaBepHyBC.H, aJie 6araTO CJiyxaqiB ~HCIIYTY rrepeKoHaJIHC.H, rn;o rrpaB~a Ha 6ou;i ll>paHu;icKa. IIicJI.H qoTHpnox poKiB rrpau;i KaTOJIHIJ;bKa Bipa 11: 6orocJiym6a B rrpoBiHu;il IIIa6Jie 6yJIH Bi~HOBJieHi, 6araTo KaTOJIHKiB i KaJibBiHicTiB HaBepHyJIHC.H ~o cB. KaTOJIHIJ;bKOI IJ;epKBH. KoJIH rrpn'ixaB Ty~H E:IIHCKOII fpaHiep Ha apxiepeHCbKi Bi~Bi~HHH, TO rro6aqHB, rn;o B IIIa6Jie Bome IJ;apcTBO 6yJio 3aKpirrJieHe 11: rrolllHpeHe. €IIHCKOII fpaHiep 6amaB IIpH3HaqJITH 0. lPpaHIJ;iCKa E:IIHCKOIIOM-IIOMiqHJIKOM 3 rrpaBOM HaCTYIIHHIJ;TBa. CB.HTHM Bi~MOBJI.HBC.H Bi~ u;noro, 6o BBamaB ce6e Heri~HHM TaKo'i qecTi, Ta ~JI.H Bomo'i CJiaBH IIOrO~HBC.H HapelllTi Ha rrpOII03HIJ;ilO E:IIHCKOIIa H IIOIXaB ~ ~o PHMa, rn;o6 ~oBeplllHTH ~iJio B ArrocTOJihChKiii CTOJIHIJ;i. B PHMi IIarra KJIHMeHT VIII, .HKHH yme 6araTo qyB rroxBaJI rrpo ~i.HJihHiCTb Ta qecHOTH lPpaHIJ;iCKa, 3aoamaB, rn;o6 MOJIO~HH KaH~H~aT Ha E:IIHCKOIIa y MOrO IIpHCYTHOCTi CKJiaB Bi~IIOBi~HHH icrrHT. IIpH3HaqeHoro ~H.H ai6paJioc.H 6araTo BqeHHx-6orocJioBiB. IIarra, Kap~HHaJIH BopoMeH:, BapoHiH: i BeJiapMiH rrocTaBIIJIH

148

29

CiYHSI

<l>paHI.J;iCKOBi 3 5 BaiKKI1X 6orOCJIOBCbKI1X IIHTaHb, a BiH Ha KOiKHe IIHTaHHH ,naBaB BHqepnHi Bi,niiOBi,ni, HKi CBi_nqHJIH npo ftoro rJIH6oKi 3HaHHH. llana .6yB I.J;iJIKOBHTO 3a,nOBOJieHHM, 06HHB <l>paHI.J;iCKa M IIpHBiTaB MOrO 3 yciiiiiiHHM CKJia_naHHHM iCIIHTiB. 8nHcKonoM-IIOMiqHHKOM BepTaBCH <l>paHu;icK 3 PHMa, ~o6 a HOBOlO peBHiCTlO npo,nOBiKHTH CBOlO aiiOCTOJibCbKY npau;JO Ha,n cnaciHHHM ,nym. PoKOM ni3Hime noMep ftoro 6aTbKO Ha 79 pou;i iKHTTH, .HKOrO yKpiiiHB ,no Bi,nxo_ny B BiqHiCTb ftoro JII06JIHqHft CHH. HacTynHoro poKy enHcKon nocJiaB <l>paHIJ;icKa ,no <lJpaHu;y3bKoro KOpOJIH reHpixa IV Ha neperoBOpH B cnpaBi no,niJiy JKeHeBCbKOI enapxil. KopoJib 3anpocHB <l>paHu;icKa BHroJIOCHTH KiJibKa nponoBi,neft y KOpOJiiBCbKift KaTIJIHI.J;i, HKa CKOpO He BMi~aJia Bcix 6a:>KaJOqHx nocJiyxaTH ftoro. KopoJib xoTiB 3aJIHillHTH ftoro 8IIHCKOTIOM B llapH:>Ki, Ta <l>paHI.J;iCK He XOTiB IIOKHHYTH cBoei: "B6oro1 cy,n:>KeHoi:" - ripcbKOI enapxi'i. llpo <l>paHu;icKa KOpOJib CKa3aB: "8IIHCKOII JKeHeBH Mae BCi qecHOTH i :>KO,nHOl Ba,nH". lliCJIH CMepTi eiiHCKOIIa lpaHiepa 1602 poKy <l>paHu;icK CTaB ftoro HaCTYIIHHKOM, noceJIHBillHCb B AHHeci. JKHTTH enHcKona 6yJio :>KHTTHM eBaHreJibCbKoro B6o:>KeCTBa. Yci cnpaBH enapxil 3HaB ,nocKoHaJio, 6araTo nponoBi,nyBaB i cnoBt;iaB. Y 600 napa<lJiHx cBoei: enapxil opraHi3yBaB HaBqaHHH KaTexi3HCY. B AHHeci TY enHcKoncbKY KaTexHaau;iJO ara,nyBaJIH mo,nH ~e ,noBro IIiCJIH ftoro CMepTi. ,ll;iTH JII06HJIH ftoro M ropHyJIHCH ,no HbOrO. Oco6HcTo HaBqaB 6orocJioBiB. "lJHM 6iJibllle CBH~eHHKiB BHxo,nHJIO 3-IIi,n ftoro pyKH, TO MeHIIIOIO CTaBaJia KaJibBiHiCTCbKa He6e3neKa. "Y 1610 pou;i TIOMepJia ftoro MaTH. llepe,n CMepTlO BOHa Bi,n6yJia ni_n IIpOBO,nOM <l>paHI.J;iCKa Ha.D;3BHqaftHO peBHi I.J;iJIOMiCHqHi. peKOJieKI.J;il, HKi 3aKiHqHJia CB. CllOBi,n.D;IO YCbOrO iKHTTH nepe_n; JII06HM CHHOM-enHcKonoM. BamKo onHcaTH TY noKopy ft o6oniJibHY IIOillaHy, ~0 nepe,n 06JIHqqHM CMepTeJibHOl p03JIYKH 3'e,nHaJia ,nBa JIJ06JIHqi ft CBHTi cepu;H - MaTepi ft CHHa. CB. <l>paHI.J;iCK CaM IIpH3HaBCH B JIHCTi ,no CB. J. illaHTaJib, ~0 HiKOJIH He ITJiaKaB TaK cep_neqHO 3 qacy BHCBHqeHHH Ha CBH~eHHKa, HK Ha noxopoHi CBOei: MaTepi.

Y 1622 pou;i BH6paBCH <l>paHu;icK ,no ABiHbMOHa, ~o6 o6roBopHTH ,neHKi cnpaBH enapxil 3 KopoJieM JIIO,noBiKoM XIII, ~o,no HKHX Tpe6a 6yJIO KOpOJiiBCbKOl 3rO,nH. Ilepe,n Bi,n'i:3,nOM 3 AHHecH noJia,nHaB yci cnpaBH, Haqe 6 3HaB, ~o BiKe ,no,noMy He BepHeTbCH. B ABiHbMOHi yxHJI.HBC.H Bi,n KopoJiiBCbKHX noqecTeft i CTapaBCH BeC'PH ,naJii CBOe CyBope iKHTTH. JIIO,nH XOTiJIH 6aqHTH Toro cJiaBHoro enHCKona 3 JKeHeBH, a MOHami ,noMH - noqyTH 149

29

CiYHs:l

HaYJ<y 3 :H:oro CB.HTHX yeT. IIoceJIHBIIIHC.h B 6y,n;HHO~KY ropo,n;HHKa 6in.H MOHaCTHp.H CecTep Bi3HTOK, BiH yBec.& Mi!'!.Hu;.& ,n;aBaB 1M rrperapHi HacTaBJieHH.H rrpo ,n;yxoBHe .mHTT.H. Konn o,n;Ha 3 cecTep CIIHTaJia HOPO, .HKY ~eCHOTy, Ha HOrO ,n;yMKy, IIOBHHHi CeCTpH POJIOBHO IIJieKaTH, BiH HaiiHCaB Ha apKyiiii rrarrepy BeJIHKHMH 6yKBaMH o,n;He cnoBo: IIOKOPY. B pi3,n;B.HHHH ~ac BiH 6e3rrepecTaHKY IIpOIIOBi,n;yBaB i CIIOBi,n;aB, He3Ba.maiO~H Ha CBO€ 3,ll;OpOB'.H i KOHe~HiCT.h Bi,n;rro~HHKy. To,n;i :H:oro crrapani3yBano. TeprrennBo niKyBaBc.H, o,n;HaK u;e He TiJI.&KH He rroBepHyno lioMy 3,n;opoB'.H, ane HaBiT.& cKopoTHJIO .mHTT.H. IlpHHH.HBIIIH CB. Ta:H:Hy 0JIHBOrroMa3aHH.H, rrepe6yBaB 3'e,n;nHeHHH 3 BoroM qepe3 CB.HTY MOJIHTBy. BKiHu;i, B3.HBIIIH 3a pyKy TY oco6y, ru;o 3 mo6oB'IO ,n;orn.H,n;ana HOrO B PO,ll;HHY CMepTi, CKa3aB: "Be~opie, H IIOXHJIHBC.H B.me ,n;eH.b" (JIK 24:29). Konn rrpncyTHi cTaJIH HaBKOJiiiiiKH ,n;oBKOJia :H:oro aMepTHOl IIOCTeJii i IlpOKa3yBaJIH JliTaHiiO 3a BMHpaiO~HX Ta IIpH3HBaJIH 3aCTYIIHHD;TBa CB. BHcpJieE:MC.bKHX ,n;iTeH, .HKHX TO,ll;i 6yB ,n;eH.&, BiH crroKiHHO Bi,n;,n;aB BoroBi CBOIO CB.HTY ,n;yiiiy. OcTaHHe cnoBo Ha 3eMni 6yno: lcyc.

CB. <PpaHD;iCK 3aKiHqJIB CBOIO 3eMHY MaH,n;piBKY Ha 56 pou;i .mHTT.H, 20 3 .HKHX 6yB errncKorroM. BiH rroMep Ha piK paHiiiie Bi,n; CB. fiocacpaTa. Y 1665 pou;i Ilarra OneKcaH,n;p VII rrporonocnB :H:oro CB.HTHM;;ra 1877 poKy Ilarra Ili:H: IX - Y~HTeJieM IJ,epKBH. CB. BiHKeHTili Bi,n; IlaBna cKa3aB rrpo CB. <PpaHu;icKa Can.&c.&Koro: "ll,e:H: Bo.mn:H: cnyra TaK yrro,n;o6HBC.H ,n;o Bora, ru;o .H ~acTo IIHTaB ce6e: .HK CTBOpeHa iCTOTa, MaiO~H TaKy HeMi~HY JllO,ll;C.hKY IIpHpO,n;y, MO.me ,n;iHTH ,n;o TaKOl BHCOKOl ,ll;OCKOHaJIOCTi. •• P03,ll;YMYIO~H Ha,n; :H:oro cnoBaMH, .H TaK rro~aB u;iHyBaTH :H:oro, ru;o 6a~HB y H.hOMY My.ma, .HKHH 6iJI.biiie Bi,n; ycix iHIIIHX Bi,D;TBOpHB JII060B Bo.moro CnHa Ha 3eMni".

Oco6JIHBOIO ~ecHOTOIO cB. <PpaHu;icKa ,n;e Can.&, .HKOIO BiH rrpHT.HraB ,n;o ce6e nro,n;c.&Ki cepu;.H, 6yna nari,n;HiCT.h. O,n;Horo pa3y BiH cKa3aB, ru;o TPH poKH B~HBC.H Tili ~ecHoTi B IIIKOJii XpncTa, Ta :H:oro cepu;e 6yno ,n;aneKHM Bi,n; Toro, ru;o6 6yTH B,n;OBOJieHHM 3 Toro rrocTyrry, .HKHH BiH 3po6nB y Tili crrpaBi. fioro nari,n;HiCT.h BHIIpo6oByBaJiaC.b POJIOBHO TO,n;i, KOJIH rpOMa,D;H JIIO,n;e:ff TaK HIIIJIH ,ll;O H.bOPO 3a IIOB~aHH.HMH H rropa,n;aMH, ID;O BiH He MaB HaBiT.& ~acy ,ll;HXHYTH. Ilpo TaKi XBHJIHHH BiH BHCJIOBHBC.H OC.b TaK: "Bor BHKOpHCTOBye TaKi Haro,n;H ,ll;JI.H TOPO, ru;o6 BHIIpo6yBaTH Hac: ~H ;. Haiiii ,n;yiiii ,ll;OCHT.b MiD;Hi, ru;o6 BHTpHMaTH KO.mHHH HaCTyii • .fl CaM 6yB ~aCTO y TaKOMY CKJia,D;HOMY CTaHOBHID;i; Ta .H CKJiaB yro,n;y 3i CBO'iM cepu;eM i .H3HKOM • .H ,n;HBHBC.H Ha mo,n;e:H:, .HKi IIpHXO,ll;HJIH, .HK Ha ,n;iTeH, ID;O XO~YT.b o6i:ffMiB CBOPO 6aT.bKa • .flK KBO~Ka 3axnru;ae CBOIX MaJieH.bKHX Kyp~aT, KOJIH BOHH

150

29

CiYHs:l

36ilpalOTbC.H HaBKOJIO Hel, TaK i MO.H Jil060B, ,[lyMaB .H co6i, MYCilTb IIOIIIilpiOBaTilC.H Bi):IJIOBi):IHO ,[10 3pOCTaHH.H "llilCJia TilX 6i):IHilX JIIO):Ieii:, .HKi 11 rroTpe6yiDTb. Hail:cilJihHiiiiilM aaco6oM rrpoTil HeTeprreJiilBOCTi 8 JiaCKaBe M BBi "liJiilBe MOB"llaHH.H. .flK M~ IIO"llilHa8MO rOBOpilTil, TO ,[10 HaiiiilX CJiiB BMiiiiyE:TbC.H CaMOJII06CTBO M BilpilBa8TbC.H .HKeCb CJIOBe"liKO, Ill;O IIOpaHilTb cepn;e M aa6epe Ha .z:IOBrilii "tJ:ac crroKiii:. A .HK He CKameMo Hi"lloro ii 36epemeMO BeceJiiCTb, 6yp.H CTiliiiilTbC.H, rHiB i 3aMiiiiaHH.H Bi,n;cTyiiJI.HIOTh, a E:.z:lilHe, Ill;O aaJiiliiiilTbC.H, - pa.r~icTb, "llilCTa ii: TPilBaJia". ,I(e.HKi JIIO.z:lil po6ilJiil iioMy aaKil.z:l, Ill;O BiH Ha,n;To JiacKaBilii .r~o rpiiiiHilKiB. CB.HTilM ):laB 1M TaKy Bi.r~rroBi,n;h: ".HK6il 6yJio Ill;OCb ,n;ocKoHaJiiiiie Bi.z:l Jiari):IHOCTi, Bar 6il cKaaaB HaM rrpo n;e; Ta HacrrpaB,n;i HeMa Hi"lloro TaKara, ,n;o "tJ:oro BiH 6iJihiii HarroJierJiilBO 3aOXO"llyBaB HaC, .HK ,[10 Jiari,n;HOCTi M IIOKOpil cepn;.H. "l.foMy Bil XO"lleTe rrepeiiiKO,[IilTil MeHi CJiyXaTilCb HaKa3y MOrO rociiO,[Ia, Ill;06 HacJii):lyBaTil :flora B Tiii "llecHoTi, .HKY BiH caM rrpaKTilKyBaB i TaK BilCOKO n;iHyBaB? "llil Mil TY crrpaBy Jiirriiie aHaeMo Bi,n; caMoro Bora?" ToMy JiacKaBo rrpiliiMaB poaKa.HHHX rpiiiiHHKiB i Bi,ll;CTYIIHilKiB 3i CJIOBaMil Jil06JI.H"liOrO 6aTbKa: "Xo):liTb, MOl ,n;opori ):liTOHbKil, xo,n;iTh, Hexaii: Bac rrpnropHy ,n;o CBOl2' rpy.z:~eii:. Ax, ,ll;03BOJibTe MeHi CXOBaTH Bac y CBOE:MY cepn;i! Bar lR ,ll;OIIOMOJKeMO BaM!" A cBoi:M cyBopilM KPilTilKaM roBOpilB: ".HK6n CaBJIO 6yB Bi,n;KHHeHilM, Mil HiKOJiil He MaJIH 6 CB. IlaBJia".

CaMoape"lleHH.H ii Jiro6oBi cB. CfJpaHn;icKa, iioro Jiari,n;HocTi, IIOKOpil M JiaCKaBOCTi He MOJKJiilBO OIIHCaTH. Y CBOlM KHHJKJJ;i "Boma JII06oB" BiH HaB"llaB, Ill;O "MipolO Jil060Bi 8 Jil060B 6e3 Mipil". CaMe TaKoi: aaca,n;il BiH .z:IOTpnMyBaBc.H B milTTi Ill;OJ.l;O Jiro,n;eii:.

HarrilcaB cB. CfJpaHn;icK 6Jiil3bKO 20 000 JiilCTiB, B .HKilX IIOB"llaHH.H rrpo .z:IYXOBHe JKilTT.H 6araTbOM ):lyiiiaM, a rOJIOBHO CB. lBaHHi IIlaHTaJih, Maii6yTHiM rOJIOBHiM HaCTOHTeJibJJ;i "l.fHHY "CecTep Bi,n;Bi.z:lilH Mapii:" (BianToK), .HKilii BoHa JacHyBaJia rri.z:~ MOrO rrpOBO,ll;OM 1610 poKy. :flora KHilJKKa "CfliJIOTe.H" 3 IIOB"llaHH.HMil rrpo rrpaB,ll;HBY rro6omHiCTb 6yJia IIpilMH.HTa .HK ,n;yXOBHilM apxiTBip i rrepeKJia):leHa 6araTbMa MOBaMH. CB. CfJpaHn;icKa BBamaiOTb rroKpOBHTeJieM mypHaJiicTiB .

• 151

30

Ci4HI'l

CB.HTO TPbOX CB.HTHX

•

Tpn apxierrHCKOIIH rpeu;hKoro o6p.H,lly: BacHJiin BeJIHKHM, fpnropiif BorocJIOB Ta lBaH 3oJioToycTHM 3,llo6yJIH co6i cJiaBy B»Ce 3a CBOrO »CHTT.H CBOE:IO CB.HTiCTIO, CIIaCeHHHMH IIpOIIOBi,li.HMH if peJiirinHHMH rrpau;.HMH. Bi.z:~pa3y rricJIH 'ixHhO'i cMepTi JIIO.z:IH rrol!aJIH BIIJaHoByBaTH 'ix .HK CB.HTHX. 3a l!aciB iMrrepaTopa OJieKciH KoMHeHa B IJ;apropo.z:~i rrocTaJio IIHTaHH.H: Koro 3 Tphox CB.HTHX BBamaTH 6iJihiiJHM i cB.HTiiiJHM Bi.z:l iHIIJHX. Te JIIO,LIChKe IIHTaHH.H BHpiiiJHJIH caMi CB.HTi, 3' .HBHBIIJHCh !BaH OBi, rro6omHoMy errncKorroBi MicTa EBxa'i.z:~n, rrepeKa3aBIIJH noMy och .HKe rroBl!aHH.H ):IJIH JIIO,llen: "Mn - o.z:~He B Bora, a KomHHM 3 Hac y cBin l!ac, oKpeMo Ha):lxHeHHM BomHM ,IJ;yxoM, HaBl!aB Ha crraciHH.H JIIO):Ien. Tom HeMa B Hac Hi 6iJihiiJoro, Hi MeHIIJoro, ane HK Ha3BeiiJ O~Horo, TO 3a HHM i):lyTh ):IBa iHIIJi. BcTaHh, OT»Ce, i IIOKJia):IH Kpaif cyrrepeliD;i BipHHX, 60 .HK 3a »CHTT.H, TaR i IIiCJI.H CMepTi HaiiJHM HaMaraHH.HM 6yJIO Bci CTOpOHH CBiTy IIpHBO,LIHTH ):10 MHpy if E:,LIHOCTi. BBe,LIH CB.HTKyBaHH.H HaiiJo'i rraM'HTi O.z:IHOro ,LIHH, 6o MH E: O,LIHe B Bora, a MH 6y,lleMO IIOMilJHHKaMH THX, XTO CB.HTKyBaTHMe HaiiJy II aM' .HTh".

To.z:~i errHcKorr !BaH BBiB CB.HTO Tphox CB.HTHX, rrpH3HaliHBmH MOrO Ha 30 dl:JH.H i 3BeJIH1JHBIIJH lXHIO rraM'.HTh y Tporrap.HX, KaHoHax i u;epKOBHHX rricH.HX. HHMH CB. IJ;epKBa rrperapHo Bi,ll):lae l!eCTh yciM TphOM BomHM Yro):IHHKaM: "BacnJiin - 6omecTBeHHHM po3yM, fpHropin 6omeCTBeHHHM rOJIOC, !BaH rrperapHHH cBiTHJihHHK, TPH BHCOKi yrO,LIHHKH i1: cJiyrn IIpecB.HTO'i Tpiifu;i. BHMIIJOBIIJH Ha BepiiJHHY XpHCTOBO'i JII06oBi, rro6al!HB BacnJiin HeBHMOBHi if 6omecTBeHHi Ta'iHCTBa, HKi rro.HCHHB JIIO,li.HM HK rrpaBoBipHOCTi MY.z:IPHM rrporroBi,LIHHK. fpnropiif MY.z:IPiCTIO cBo'ix cJiiB i HayK po3B '.H3aB epeTHD;hKi B '.H3aHH.H if rrpHBiB .z:~o O.z:IHO.z:IYIIlHOCTi rrpaBoBipHHX, :ru;o po3yMHO rrpocJiaBJI.HJIH Bora.

A lBaHa rrocTaBHB XpncToc, :ru;o6 6yB HerropyiiJHHM CTOBIIOM cBoe'i IJ;epKBH".

KpiM Toro, cB. IJ;epKBa BIIJaHoBye :ru;e if oKpeMo KomHoro 3 HHx: cB. BacHJii.H - 1 ciliHH, cB. fpnropi.H - 25 cil!HH, a CB. JBaHa - 13 JIHCTOIIa,lla.

152

30--31

CiYH~

CB.HTHH IllllOJIIT 3a qaciB pnMCbKoro iMnepaTopa O.JieKcaH,n;pa CeBepa (a6o K.JiaB,n;i.H) ,n;oHec.Jin noraHn Ha KeHcopnHa, n;apChKOro pa,n;HnKa: m;o BiH e xpncTM.HHMHOM. 3ro,n;oM ftoro 3aMyqM.JIM 3a XpncToBy Bipy, a onic.JI.H TaKom i ,n;Box iHIIIMX xpncTM.HH, CB. Xpnciro ft CB. CeBepnHa. ;z:t;oBi,n;aBIIIMCh npo u;e, enncKon pMMChKoro IloHTY Inno.JiiT npMHIIIOB ,ll;O cy,n;,n;i, OCY,ll;MB ftoro :IKOpCTOKiCTb i He.JilO,ll;.HHiCTb, a o,n;HoqacHo cMi.JIMBO npoc.JiaBnB cBoro focno.n;a XpMcTa. 3a Te MyqnTe.Jih HaKa3aB 6nTn ftoro ft MY'JMTM pi3HMMM cnoco6aMn, a BKiHu;i- 3B'.H3aTn pyKn ft HOrM Ta KMHYTM B r.Jin6oKnft, noBHMH BO,ll;M piB, i BTOITMTM. IIpoc.JiaBnB cB. Inno.JiiT Bora MyqeHMI.J;hKOK> cMepTK> 6.JIM3hKO 261 poKy. Mom.JinBo, m;o TMM CB.HTMM 6yB yqeHnft pnMChKnft cB.HIIJ;eHMK 3 III cTopiqq.fl, .HKMH BMCTynaB .HKMHCh qac npoTM Ilann, a onic.JI.H noMnpMBC.H 3i cB. IJ;epKBOK> i 3arMHYB .HK MyqeHMK Ha Cap,n;nHi'i 235 poKy 3a iMnepaTopa MaKcnMiHa. 31

Ci'IHJI

CB.HTI KHP TA IBAH Ili.n; qac npaB.JiiHH.H iMnepaTopa ;z:t;ioK.JieTiaHa, mopcToKoro roHnTe.JI.H xpncTM.HH, :IKMB y erMneTChKOMY MicTi O.JieKcaH,n;pii: no6omHMH i BqeHMH .JiiKap Knp, .HKMH He Ti.JihKM 3a cBo'i .JiiKapchKi ITOC.JiyrM He 6paB rpoiiieft, a.Jie .HK peBHMH XpMCTM.HHMH nepeKOHyBaB .JIIO,ll;eH He rpiiiiMTM, 60 He,n;yrn qacTO 6yBaK>Tb HaC.Jii,n;KaMM rpiiiiHoro :IKMTT.H. IIoraHaM 3a KO:IKHO'i Haro,n;M roBopnB npo XpncTa ft xpncTM.HHChKY Bipy, qnM 6araThox npMBiB .n;o ni3HaHH.H npaB,n;M. ;z:t;i3HaBIIIMCb, IIJ;O noraHM ,ll;OHeC.JIM Ha HhOrO B.Jia,n;i, BiH nepeftiiiOB B Apa6iro, .n;e BCTYITMB .n;o MOHaCTMp.H, m;o6 ,n;a.Jii c.JiymnTn xBopnM ,n;yiiieiO ft Ti.JioM, a o,n;HoqacHo npMroTyBaTMC.H .n;o Maft6yTHhoro KpnBaBoro cTpam,n;aHH.H 3a XpMcTa. TaM BiH TaKom HaBepHyB 6araTo noraH .n;o XpMCTOBo'i Bipn, 6o Bor ,n;aB ftoMy .n;ap qy,n;ecHoro .JiiKyBaHH.H He,n;ymnx caMoiO MO.JIMTBOK>.

Y Toft qac B 8pyca.rrnMi nepe6yBaB KO.JIMIIIHift pnMChKMH BO.HK, po,n;oM 3 cnpiftcbKoro MicTa E.n;eccM, .HKMH noKnHyB BiHChKOBY C.Jiy:IK6y i IT~MHIIIOB ,ll;O 8pyca.JIE:Ma Bi,n;Bi,n;aTM CB. MiCI.J;.H. ;z:t;oBi,n;aBIIIMCh npo :IKMTT.H ft npau;K> CB. KMpa, BiH nocniiiiMB .n;o

153

31

Ci4HSI

nooomHoro JiiKapR, aaJIHIIHIBCR npH HbOMY, i To,a,i. ooH.n;Ba paaoM npocJiaBJIRJIH Bora CBOlM CB.HTHM mnTT.HM Ta nocJiyraMn XBOPHM, a noraHaM - ~e ii: nponoBi.n;yBaHH.HM XpncToBoi: Bipn.

O.n;Horo )J;H.H .n;iii:rnJia .n;o Hnx BiCTKa, ~o B ernneTCbKOMY MicTi KaHoni HatiaJibHUK MicTa Cnpi.HH HaKa3aB yB'R3HHTH O,D;HY XpHCTU.HHKY ATaHaciro i Tpbox ii .n;o'tioK: 15-JiiTHlO TeoKTHCTY, 13-JiiTHIO Teo.n;opy ii: 11-JiiTHIO €B.n;oKciiO. KHp Ta IBaH Heraii:Ho BnpyrnnJIH B KaHon, ~o6 CBOlMn cep.n;etiHHMH CJIOBaMH ni.n;TpHMaTH MaTip Ta l1 .n;o'tioK y BipHOCTi XpHcToBi ni.n; tiac MyK. KoJin noraHn .n;oBi.n;aJinC.H npo u;e, )J;OHeCJIU Ha HUX, ~0 BOHH DYHTYIOTb B '.H3HiB. Ha'tiaJihHIIK HaKaaaB npnBeCTH i:x )J;O ceoe, nepeKOHyBaB lX Bi)J;MOBUTHCR Bi.n; xpncTHRHCbKoro Bora ii: norpomyBaB 1M MyKaMn, .HK~o BOHU He npnHeCyTh )KepTBlf o<l_)iu;iii:HO Blf3HaHHM ooraM. CBHTi Bi)J;ITOBiJin: "Mn 6y.n;eMO rOBOpUTH KopoTKo; 3Haii:, ~o MH XpncTa ne Bi.n;pe'tieMOCH, XOl:Ja 6 HaBiTb nepeTepniJin Haii:cTparnHirni MyKn" .

To.n;i HaKaaaB CHpiRH npnBeCTH 3 CB. KMP TA CB. IBAH B '.H3Hnu;i ATaHaciro 3 .n;otiKaMn i Ha i:xHix O'tiax 3BeJiiB 6nTn Knpa ii: IBaHa on'tiaMn, JiaMaTn 1M KOCTi naJIHII;.HMU, CMaJIUTH TiJIO CBil.JKaMU, OITiCJIH ITOJIHBaTH paHH OII;TOM, ITOCUITaTH ciJIJilO Ta ITOJIUBaTH KHITJIR'tiOIO CMOJIOIO; TaKHM 'til'IHOM XOTiB My'tiHTeJih 3aJI.HKaTn iKiHOK Blf)J;OM CTpaillHHX MyK. KoJIH Cnpi.HHOBi He B.n;aJIOC.H 3axnTaTn CB. MYl:JeHnKiB y Bipi, HaKa3aB nepe.n; i:xniMn otinMa i nepe.n; MaTip'IO ATaHacieiO TaK caMo MY'tiHTH ii: HeBHHHnx .n;iBtiaT. AJie ii: MOJio.n;i XpHcToBi o6py'tiHHu;i He Bi.n;peKJIHC.H CBoro CnacHTeJI.H. To.n;i HaKa3aB MytrHTeJib i lM, i MaTepi ITOBi.n;py6yBaTH rOJIOBH Me'tieM. IliCJIR CMepTi CB. My'tieHHII;b Hal.JaJibHHK ~e pa3 cnpo6yBaB ~ BMOBHTn Knpa ii: lBaHa .n;o Bi.n;cTyncTBa Bi.n; XpHCTOBOi: Bipn; KOJIH * ii:oro aycHJIJIH BII.HBHJIUC.H .n;apeMHnMn, 6o Bo*i cJiyrH 6yJIH HenoxHTHHMH y cBoi:ii: BipHocTi XpncTo'si-QapeBi, HaKa3aB i:x OOOX yotiTH Me'tieM, )J;HR 31 Ci'tiHR 311 poKy.

154

31

Ci4HR

XpHCTHHHH noTaHKH 3a6pa.JIH TiJia cB. MYtieHHKiB i My'IeHHll;h Ta noxoBaJIH B u;epKBi cB. eBaHreJiicTa MapKa. 3a iMnepaTopa Teo,n;ociH MoJio,n;IIIoro

OJieKcaH,n;pi:H:chKH:H: naTpiapx KHpHJIO

HaKa3aB nepeHeCTH cB. MOill;i

,n;o ceJia MaHyTiHa, ,n;e BOHH npocJia,n;o PHMa, a

BHJIHCH 6araTbMa tiy,n;aMH. 3ro,n;oM nepeHeCJIH IX 3Bi,LJ;TH -

,LJ;O 6aBapCbKOrO MiCTa MIOHXeHa, ,n;e BOHH CITO'IHBalOTb

y u;epKBi cB. MHxaiJia.

31

ci'IHR

CB.HTHH IBAH EOCKO B 1815

y6ori:H: xaTHHl iTamHChi<Oro cemiHHHa BocKo

15

cepnHR

poKy Hapo,n;HBCH XJIOIT'IHK, HKoro ni,n; 'lac cB. XpHill;eHHR

Ha3BaJIH IBaH- MeJihxiop. KoJIH tiepe3 ,n;Ba poKH noMep 6aThKO IBacH, :H:oro BHXOBaHHRM 3ai1HRJiacR no6omHa MaTH MaprapHTa. 3aB,n;HKH

11

II060.iKHOCTi

,n;6a:H:JIHBOCTi MaJIH:H: IBach cTaB He3a6apoM B3ipn;eM

ll

ITOCJIYXY CBOIM ,LJ;BOM CTapiiiHM 6paTaM.

KoJIH XJIOIT'IHHi 6yJio

10

JiiT, npHCHHBCH :H:oMy ,n;HBHH:H: coH,

a, MO.iKe, TO 6yJIO BH,LJ;iHHH, npo HKe 3rO,LJ;OM BiH CaM p03Ka3aB CBO'i:H: pO,LJ;H:Hi

ll

npHHTeJIJIM:

".H 6yB Ha Jiyn;i cepe,n; po36elll;eHHX ,n;iTe:H:. BaraT~HHX noraHo ITOBO,LJ;HJIHCR, a ,n;eHKi HaBiTh BHrOBOpiOBaJIH 6orOXYJibCTBa. IJ;e MeHe p03Cep,LJ;HJIO, i H, Ili;06 CITHHHTH IX, XOTiB y,n;apH:TH O,LJ;HOrO xJionn;H. Ta To,n;i Hecno,n;iBaHo 3'RBHJiacb HKacb oco6a B 6iJii:H: o,n;e.mi 3 CHIO'IHM JIHll;eM, RKa CKa3aJia MeHi: "He IT060RMI1, a JII060B'l0 Tpe6a CXHJIHTH CBOIX ,n;py3iB ,LJ;O ,n;o6poro .iKHTTH". IloTiM cKa3aJia MeHi B'IHTH IX HeHaBH,n;iTH rpix i mo6HTH tieCHOTy .

.H

Bi,n;noBiB, Ili;O He 3HaiO, RK ytiHTH 'ix i notiaB nJiaKaTH, Ta n;JI ,LJ;HBHa OC06a ITOTiiiiHJia MeHe

ll

3aOXOTHJia, Ili;06 H ITO'IaB, a BOHa

MeHi ,LJ;OITOMO.iKe. IloTiM 3'HBHJiaCb HKaCb ,n;y.me ,LJ;OCTOHHa naHi, i TO,LJ;i Bi,n;pa3y ,LJ;iTH nepeMiHHJiaCH B tiepe,n;y pi3HI1X ,LJ;HKHX 3BipRT. KOJIH H CTOHB Ta ,LJ;HByBaBCH TaKiH nepeMiHi, naHi CKa3aJia MeHi: ",I.I;HBHCh, u;e noJie TBoe'i npau;i; TYT Jie.iKHTh TBOH cnpaBa. By,n;h ITOKipHHM, ,n;o6pHM, TepneJIHBHM. Te, Ili;O 3apa3 CTaHeTbC$13 THMH 3BipHTaMH, TH Maeiii 3po6HTH 3 MOIMH ,n;iThMH". To,n;i nepe,n; MOIMH O'IHMa CTaJiaCH HOBa 3MiHa. 3aMiCTb ,LJ;HKHX 3BipiB H no6atiHB MOJIO,LJ;HX HrHHT, Ili;O MeKaJIH, CKaKaJIH ,LJ;OBKOJia o6ox oci6 i raHHJIH O,LJ;He 3a O,LJ;HHM. ,I.J;yMaiO'!H npo Ti 'Iy,n;a Ta ,LJ;HBYIO'IH:Cb nepeMiHi, H He Mir CTpHMaTH CBOel pa,LJ;OCTi i

npo6y,n;HBCR

ITOTiiiieHHH Ta Ill;aCJIHBHH".

3

TOro ,LJ;H.!l, B cepn;i IOHaKa 3pO,LJ;I1JIOCH cep,n;etiHe 6amaHHH

CTaTH CBRill;eHHKOM, Ili;06 MaTH 3MOry HaB'!aTH

ll

CITaCaTH ,LJ;iTeH.

155

31

i>

Ci'lHSI

ID;o6 cTaTR HRM, Tpe6a 6yJio xo,n;RTR ,n;o IIIKoJIIf. I MaJIRH IBach IIO'laB B'IRTRC.H, aJie MyCiB IIOKRHYTR HaBtiaHH.H tiepe3 CIIpOTRB cTapiiioro 6paTa AHTOHa (Bi,n; iHIIIo'i MaTepi). AJie He po3JIYtiRBC.H 3 KHRmKaMR; ,n;orJI.H,n;aiOtiR xy,n;o6y, pa3 y pa3 3arJI.H,n;aB ,n;o HRX, .HK TiJihKR MaB Haro,n;y. KpiM Toro, 3a6iraB paHKaMR Ha HayKy ,n;o cBoro rrapoxa, a HotiaMR BrrpaBJI.HBC.H B rrRcaHHi. 3ro,n;oM 6paT rroKRHYB 'ix, i To,n;i IBach m;Rpo B3.HBC.H ,n;o HayKR. 1841 poKy, CKiHtiRBIIIR 3 BeJIRKRM ycrriXOM CB. 6orOCJIOB'.H, 6yB BRCB.HtieHRH Ha CB.Hm;eHRKa. MaB BiH To,n;i 26 poKiB. 0. BocKo BR'ixaB ,n;o TopiHo, ,n;e IIOCeJIRBC.H y CBOrO 3eMJI.HKa o. Ka<Pacco- peKTopa CB.Hm;eHRD;hKO'i KOJier'i'i IIPR :u;epKBi cB. <PpaH:u;icKa Aci3hKoro, ,n;e roTyBaBc.H ,n;o cBoro BamJIRBoro o6oB '.H3KY rrporroBi,n;HRKa :ii crroBi,n;HRKa. TaM BiH Hecrro,n;iBaHo Ha6JIR3RBC.H :ii ,n;o Tie'i rrpa:u;i, .HKY HOMY rrpopOKYBaB KOJIRCh y ,ll;RTRHCTBi HOrO ,ll;RBHRH COH IIpO ,ll;RKRX 3Bip.HT i .HrH.HT. llepe6yBaiOtiR B MicTi TopiHo, o. BocKo, a6o .HK :iioro Ha3RBaJIR IIO-iTaJiiHChKR ,n;oH BocKo (rraHoTe:u;h BocKo), Bi,n;Bi,n;aB MiChKY B' .H3HRD;IO, ,n;e 3aCTaB 6araTO IOHaKiB 12-18 poKiB, Ill;O Bi,n;6yBaJIR Kapy 3a CB. IBAH BOCKO cBo'i 3JIO'IRHR. 3ycTpiti o. BocKO 3 MOJIO,Il;RMR 3JIO'IRHD;.HMR HaiiOBHRJia HOrO cep:u;e CTpaXOM i MRJiocep,n;.HM. BiH po3yMiB, m;o Ti IOHaKR 6yJIR Hem;acT.HM )l;JI.H KpaiO, raHh6oiO ,ll;JI.H po,n;RH. Ta BiH 6atiRB m;e m;och BamJIRBiiiie: 'ixHi 6e3cMepTHi ,n;yiiii 6yJIR B He6e3rre:u;i - BitiHa rrorn6eJih 3arpomyBaJia 1M. BaraTo 3 MaJioJiiTHix 3JIOtiRHD;iB He MaJIR iHIIIoro ,n;oMy :ii rrpRTYJIKy, KpiM B'.H3HR:u;i. llicJI.H Bi,n;6yTT.H o,n;Hie'i KapR BOHR BepTaJIRC.H 3a KiJihKa ,ll;HiB 3HOBY, m;o6 Bi,n;6yBaTR iHIIIy, CTaBaTR 3 ,ll;H.H Ha ,n;eHh ripiiiRMR, BpeiiiTi, 3MapHyBaTR CBOE ,n;otiacHe :ii BitiHe mRTT.H. BiH BRpa3HO Bi,n;tiyB, m;o Tpe6a m;och po6RTR, Heo6xi,n;Ho 3HaHTR .HKRHCh JiiK Ha Te JIRXO :ii He ,ll;03BOJIRTR TaK MapHO rRHYTR MOJIO,Il;OMY mRTTIO. "XTO 3HaE, ,n;yMaB BiH, - .HK6R Ti Hem;acHi XJIOII'IRChKa MaJI~ ,n;o6poro ,n;pyra

156

31

Ci4Hs:l

:ti: rropa.n;HHKa, KO.JI¥1 6 o.n;epma.JIH pe.Jiiri:ti:He Bl'IXOBaHH.H, To, Mome, He CKOTHJIHC.H 6 Ha MaHiBu;i? lJH He e Bam.JIHBHM ,n;JI.H pe.Jiiri'i :ti: CYCIIi.JihCTBa Bi,n;rnyKaT¥1 TaKi 3aC06¥1, .HKi Bi,n;BepHy.JI¥1 6 Te Helll;aCT.H Bi)J; COTeHb IOHaKiB, .HKi rrepe6yBaiOTb B IIO,n;i6Hl'IX yMoBax?" THM¥1 CBOIM¥1 .n;yMKaMH rro.n;i.JIHBC.H BomH:ti: c.Jiyra 3 .n;oHOM Kacpacco. To.n;i o6H.n;Boe rrotJa.JIH .n;yMaTH, .HK 3apa.n;HTH JIHXOBi, lll;O 3arpomyBa.JIO MOJIO)J;i, IIOKJia,n;aiOlJl'ICb IIOBHiCTIO Ha Bome IIpoBH)J;iHH.H, 6e3 .HKoro .n;apeMHi Bci JIIO)J;ChKi 3YCHJIJI.H. B TaKHX po3.n;yMyBaHH.HX Ha.n;i:ti:rnoB .n;eHh Be.JIHKoro CB.HTa HerropotiHoro 3atJaTT.H IIpetiHCTo'i ,ll;iBH Mapil. Ko.JIH Toro ,n;H.H o. BocKo roTyBaBc.H .n;o CJiym6H Bomo'i, .n;o 3axpHcTil yBi:ti:rnoB o.n;HH XJIOIIlJl'IHa. 3axpl'ICTI'I.HH XOTiB, lll;06 BiH IIpl'ICJiyroByBaB rri.n; tJaC CJiym6H Bomo'i, a KO.JI¥1 Ma.JIHH Bi.n;MoBHBC.H, 6o He BMiB, 3axpHCTH.HH HacBapHB :ti:oro :ti: BHrHaB. 0. BocKo HaKa3aB Bi.n;pa3y IIpl'IK.Jil'IKaT¥1 6i)J;HOrO XJIOIIlJHHy, BTI'IXOMI'Ipl'IB HOrO, IIOIIpOCl'IB rro6yTH Ha CJiym6i Bomi:ti:, a rriCJI.H nei: rroroBopHB 3 Hl'IM rrpH.H3HO, rrpotJHTaB JieKu;iJO KaTexi3HCY :ti: .n;oMOBHBC.H 3 HHM, m;o TaKa HayKa 6y.n;e 3 Toro -qacy KO)KHOl He.n;i.Jii. Ma.JIHH BapTOJIOMeH epa.Jii oxotJe rri.n;.n;aBc.H .n;yxoBHOMY rrpoBo.n;oBi o. BocKo, BtiHBC.H KaTeXi3HCy, IIO"'laB "'laCTO IIpl'ICTyiiaT¥1 )J;O CB. IlpHtiaCT.H, a 3rO)J;OM IIOlJaB IIpl'IBO)J;l'IT¥1 3 C060IO TaKom iHilll'IX y6orHX, 6earrpl'ITYJibHl'IX, m;o, rrpH6yBrnH .n;o Topino, mH.JI¥1 y Be.JIHKOMY MicTi 6e3 mo.n;Hoi: orriKH, Ha pamaJO"tJHCh Ha 3ri prneHH.H :ti: rra.n;iHH.H. Ko.JIH Ki.JihKiCTh JOHaKiB 3poc.Jia, o. BocKo rrotJaB rrpoBO.ll;l'IT¥1 He.n;i.Jii :ti: CB.HTa pa3oM 3 Hl'IM¥1. lJacTHHY ,n;H.H HaB"tJaB pe.Jiiril B u;epKBi cB. <PpaHu;icKa 3 Aciai, a pernTy - rrpo6yBaB 3i CBOIM¥1 Ma.JIHM¥1 .n;py3.HMH, crriBaiO"tJH, rparo"tJH :ti: po3MOBJI.HIO"'IH 3 Hl'IM¥1.

TaKl'IH 6yB IIO"'laTOK rrpau;i CJiaBHOrO CbOrO)J;Hi Ha BeCh CBiT .n;oHa BocKo i :ti:oro crrpaBH Ca.Jie3i.HHChKHX opaTopi:ti:, m;o rypTyBa.JI¥1 IOHaKiB, p.HTYIOti¥1 lXHi .n;yrni HaBtJaHH.HM i pe.JiirieJO, CIIaCeHHl'IM¥1 MOpa.JihHl'IM¥1 IIOBlJaHH.HM¥1, .JieKI.J;i.HM¥1 3i CIIiBy, MY3HKH :ti: pi3Hl'IX rnKi.JihHHX rrpe.n;MeTiB, a TaKom rapHHM¥1 po3BaraMH. IOHaKH, .HKi Bi,n;-qy.JIH JIJ06oB .n;oHa BocKo, rrotJa.JIH ropHyTHCh )J;O HbOrO COTH.HM¥1, a BiH ycix IIpl'IHMaB, HaBtJaB, CIIOBi)J;aB, rrpHtiam;aB. Bi.n;Bi.n;yBaB i:x no c)la6pHKax, 3aBo.n;ax, o6.n;apoByBaB, tiHM Mir, m;o6 Ti.JihK¥1 3po6HTH 3 Hl'IX .n;o6pHx BomHx .n;iTe:ti: • .HK m;Hpo Ti .n;i T¥1 6y.JI¥1 rrpHB '.H3aHi .n;o cBoro rrpoBi,n;HHKa :ti: o6opoHu;.H, BKa3ye o.n;na rro.n;i.H. IrnoB .HKOCh o. BocKo BYJIHu;eJO MiCTa. l.Jepe3 BiKHO O)J;Hiel KpaMHl'IIJ;i II06atJl'IB HOro O)J;l'IH 3 HOrO JOHaKiB, .HKI1::ti: rrpau;roBaB y Ti:ti: KpaMHHu;i. BH6ir IllBH.n;Ko 3 KpaMHHu;i, m;o6 rrpHBiTaTHC.H 3 HHM. Ta 3 rrocrrixy 3a6yB, m;o

r

157

31

Ci4H5l

cKJIHHi )J;Bepi He Bi,ll;q~meHi i, BH6iraroqn, po36HB .um6y. KoJIH po36HTe CKJIO 3a6pH.mqaJIO, Bi,ll;pa3y 3i6paBCH rypT U:iKaBHX JIID,ll;eii, a TaKo.m npn6ir ,ll;yme HeB,ll;OBOJieHHH KpaMap. XJionqHHa CTOHB 3acopoMJieHHH i 3acMyqeHHii 6im1 o. BocKo. - I.IJ;o CTaJIOCH? - CTIHTaB CBHID;eHHK. - HK H no6aqHB Bac, TO xoTiB npnBiTaTHC.H 3 BaMH, ane BH6iraiOqH 3 KpaMHHI..{i, .H 3a6yB, Ill;O CKJl.HHi )J;Bepi HeBi,ll;qHHeHi i po36HB IIUI6y.

- TiJihKH BChoro? To H 3anJiaqy 3a He'i, - cKa3aB o. BocKo. - Hi, Hi, - BTPYTHBC.H TO)J;i KpaMap, ,ll;OBi)J;aBIIIHCh npo npHqHHY HenpHeMHOrO BHTia,ll;Ky,- .H He MO.my ,ll;OTIYCTHTH, m;o6 IOHaK noTepniB qepe3 cBoe ,ll;o6pe cepu:e, a )J;OH BocKo - qepe3 CBOIO JII060B ,ll;O 6JIH.)KHhOrO. To)J;i CB.HID;eHHK no)J;HKyBaB KpaMapeBi 3a M:oro BeJIHKo,nyiiiHiCTh, a 3 IOHaKOM npHH3HO nonpom;aBC.H. MHHyJio TPH poKH 3 ,ll;H.H CB.HID;eHHqHx CB.HqeHh o. BocKo. HacTOHTeJii npH3HaqnJIH M:oro ,ll;yxOBHHKOM JiiKapHi CB. ct>iJioMeHH ii noMiqHHKOM o. BopeJii, .HKHH 6yB ,ll;yxiBHHKOM )J;iBoqoro npHTYJIKY B )J;iJihHHU:i BaJih,ll;OKKO. Ty,nn TaKom nepe6paJIHC.H M:oro MaJii ,ll;py3i.

KoJIH B Hai1:6JIH.mqy He)J;iJiro IDHaKH rypTOM nocniiiiHJIH B OKOJIHI..{IO BaJIJs;!iOKKO, IIIyKalOqH CBOel HOBOl MOJIHTOBHi H ,ll;OHa BocKo, MeiiiKaHu:i Toro KBapTany noqaJIH BH6iraTH Ha BYJIHU:ID, cBapHTHC.H i HaBiTh 6HTHC.H 3 XJIOTIU:HMH. Ha m;acTH, o. BocKo He3a6apoM npHHIIIOB i Bee BJia)J;HaB. 3aB)J;.HKH TOMY nepeceJieHHlO cTaJia 6iJihiii Bi,ll;OMOIO cnpaBa ,ll;OHa BocKo M: 3pocJia KiJihKiCTh M:oro IOHaKiB. Y ToM: qac MaB o. IBaH no6aqeHHH 3i cBo'iM CB.HTHTeJieM, TopiHChKHM apxienHcKonoM ct>paHcoHi, .HKHH Bi)J;pa3y cTaB BeJIHKHM npHXHJihHHKOM o. BocKo Ta M:oro cnpaBu. 3a M:oro nopa)J;OIO cBHID;eHHK 3BepHyBcH .n;o MapKi3n BopoJio, aacHOBHHU:i )J;iBoqoro TipUTYJIKY H JiiKapHi, i O,ll;ep:>KaB Bi,ll; Hel ,li;03BiJI Bi,ll;KpHTH B O,ll;HOMY KpHJii nopo.mHhOl TO)J;i JiiKapHi MOJIHTOBHIO )J;Jl.H IOHaKiB. Ty nepiiiy opaTopiro 6yJio Bi,ll;KPHTO ni,ll; HaaBoro cB. ct>paHu:icKa CaJihChKoro. BH6paB o. BocKo Toro BeJIHKoro CBHToro Ha oniKyHa nepiiioi: MOJIHTOBHi Ha 6amaHH.H MapKiau BopoJio . CB. ct>paHu:icK CaJihChKHH 6yB Baipu:eM BeJIHKoi: TepneJIHBOCTi ii Jiari,ll;HOCTi, qoro HaM:6iJihiiie BHMaraJia npau:.H a IOHal{TBOM. A m;e, y 3B'.H3KY :f noiiiHpeHHHM y niBHiqHiM: ITaJiii:, a roJIOBHO B TopiHo, piaHHX ceKT, 6amaB o. BocKo MaTH TaKoro BeJIHKoro He6ecHoro aacTynHHKa, .HKHH B CBOeMy 3eMHOMy .)KHTTi BU3HattaBC.H Ha,ll;3BHqaifHOlO npan;ero Ha)J; HaBepHeHH.HM €peTHKiB.

158

31

Ci4H~

CiM HacTyrrHHX MicH:u;iB 6yJm "llacoM crrpaBmHI>oro po3BOIO rrpa:u;i o. BocKo Ha,n; 6e3rrpHTYJihHHMH IOHaKaMH. MaiO"liH HOpMaJibHe IIpHMir:u;eH.H.H, BiH Mir 6iJibllle Bi,n;rrpaBJI.HTll :u;epKOBHHX 6orOCJiym6, a TaKO)K Bi,n;KpHB Be"llipHi KJiaCH )l;JI.H HaB"llaHH.H. Ta rricJI.H ceMH Mic.H:u;iB, y 3B '.H3KY 3 Bi,n;KpHTT.HM JiiKapHi, MyciB ~ o. BocKo 3HOBY IIIyKaTH cBo'iM IOHaKaM iHIIIe Mic:u;e.

Ha HOBHX Mic:u;.Hx o. BocKo 3 IOHaKaMH 3aTpHMyBaJIHCh He,n;oBro, 6o Bopomi ,n;o Hhoro oco6H, ,n;yxoBHi i cBiTChKi, po6HJIH Ha HhOrO Ta :iforo MOJIO,ll;e TOBapHCTBO pi3Hi )l;OHOCH )l;O MiChKOl pa,n;H, TOMY CB.Hill;eHHK MyCiB rrepe6HpaTHC.H B r:u;opa3 iHIIIi pa:ifOHH, a "llaCTO lXHi 3i6paHH.H Bi,n;6yBaJIHC.H rri,n; Bi,n;KpHTHM He6oM, 6o He 6yJio Bi,n;rroBi,n;Horo rrpHMir:u;eHH.H. Ta H: HaBiTh 3 By;m:u;i rrporaH.HJIH 'ix rrpoTHBHHKH o. BocKo. Ilpo Tpy,n;Hor:u;i H: rrpuKpor:u;i o. BocKo TaK rrHcaB o,n;HH IIHCbMeHHHK: "3HMOBOrO )l;H.H MaJii IITaiiiHHll CKa"llyTh ,ll;OBKOJia JIIO)l;CbKOl pyKH, Ill;O CHIIJie lM Ha 3eMJIIO 3epHo; TaK IOHaKH, IlpO .HKHX MaJio ,n;6ae cBiT, 36upaJIHC.H ,n;oBKOJia ,n;oHa BocKo ... Ta iHKOJill .HKaCh JIIO)l;HHa MOme CIIOJIOXaTH IITaiiiOK, r:u;o6 Bi,n;i6paTH B HHX KpHXTY IIO)KIIBH :if 3MYCHTH IX IIIyKaTH ll ,n;eiH,n;e, TaK ,n;yme "llaCTO 6yJIO 3 )l;OHOM BOCKO Ta :iforo IOHaKaMH; BOHR MyCiJIH IIIyKaTH pi3HHX IIpHCTaHOBHill;, TiKaiO"llll rrepiiie 3 :u;epKBH CB. <I>paH:u;icKa Aci3I>Koro, rroTiM - 3 JiiKapHi, 3ro,n;olil- 3 :u;epKBH cB. MapTHHa, cB. IleTpa, 3 ,n;oMy MopeTa i HaBiTh 3 rroJI.H". Ta Bor "llyBaB Ha,n; cBo'iM BipHHM cJiyroiO Ta H:oro rrpa:u;eiO i 3a IIIKo,n;y Tift CB.HTi:if crrpaBi IIOKapaB CMepTIO O)l;HO"llaCHO O,ll;HOrO CB.Hill;eHHKa, :iforo CJiyry :if yp.H,ll;HHKa B MJIHHi, Ill;O CIIpaBHJIO CHJibHe BpameHH.H Ha JIIO,n;eH:.

KpiM yc.HKHX rrpHKpor:u;iB, BHHHKaJIH r:u;e H: rri,n;o3pH: KOJIH 0. BocKO, MalO"llll CTiJihKll Tpy,n;HOill;iB, He KH,n;ae CBOE:l rrpa:u;i, TO BiH, HaiieBHe, BTpaTHB po3yM. 1Iepe3 Te KOJIHIIIHi IIpHXHJibHHKH rroKHHYJIH H:oro caMoro. ByJIH H: TaKi, r:u;o xoTiJIH rroMicTHTH o. BocKo B 3aKJia,n; )l;JI.H 6omeBiJihHHX. O,n;Horo ,n;H.H rrpH'ixaJia HaBiTh KapeTa, r:u;o MaJia 3aBe3TH o. BocKo ,n;o 6y,n;HHKY ,n;JI.H 6omeBiJihHHx, Ta BiH r:u;acJIHBO Bi,n; Toro o6opoHHBC.H. BipHHMH 3aJIHIIIHJIHC.H o. BocKo TiJihKH apxierrHcKorr <I>paHcoHi H: KiJII>Ka CB.Hr:u;eHHKiB. Ta BomHH: cJiyra He rra,n;aB ,n;yxoM; 3 CBOIMH MaJIHMH ,n;py3.HMH BiH cep,n;e"liHO MOJIHBC.H H: Ha,n;i.HBC.H Ha Bora. I 3aBm,n;H BHrpaBaB crrpaBy. KBiTHeBoi: He,n;iJii 1846 poKy o. BocKo 6yB ,n;yme 3acMy"lleHHM. Toro ,n;H.H BBe"llepi MyciB "llepe3 crrpoTHB 3JIHX JIIO,n;eH: 3aJIHIIIHTH IIJIOill;y, ,n;e Bi,n;6yBaJIHC.H CXO)l;HHH :if 3a6aBH IOHaKiB, a HaTOMiCTb He MaB iHIIIOrQ MiCIJ;.H, KY,ll;H Mir 6H 3aBeCTH IX HaCTYIIHOl He,n;iJii. Y TOMY ,n;yme rrpuKpoMy cTaHOBHr:u;i rriiiiOB o. BocKo BpaH:u;i 3i

159

31 CiYHSl

CBOIMH IOHaKaMH ,D;O O,D;Hiei: a u;epKoB Bo)f<Ol MaTepi, ,D;e Bci • cniJihHO rap.Hl{e MOJIHJIHCSI if npocHJIH B Ilpel{HCTOi: .IJ:iBH nop.HTYHKY. BBel{epi, KOJIH MOJIO,D;i nTaiiiKH 3a6aBJISIJIHCSI Ha IIJIO:w;i, a CB.Hrn;eHHK CTOSIB 360KY 3i CBOE:IO myp6oro H cep,D;etiHO 6JiaraB He6eCHOl IIOMO'Ii, HeCIIO,D;iBaHO IIi,D;iHIIIOB )J;O HhOrO O)J;HH iforo 3HaHOMHH i CKa3aB, :w;o BiH MO:tKe IIOKa3aTH HOMY Micn;e, ,D;e o. BocKo Mir 6H npHMiCTHTHC.Hai CBOlMH roHaKaMH. 0,D;HotiacHo Ha IIJio:w;y npHHIIIOB o. Mep11a, O,D;HH 3 npHXHJihHHKiB o. BocKo, SIKHH '{aCTO ,D;OIIOMaraB iioMy B npau;i Mim ,D;iTBoporo. To,D;i o.

BocKo 3aJIHIIIHB o. Mep11y 3 roHaKaMH, a caM niiiiOB orJI.HHYTH HOBe Micn;e, IIpO .HKe O,D;epmaB HeCIIO,D;iBaHy BiCTKy. THM Micn;eM, :w;o MaJio cTaTH MOJIHTOBHero o. BocKo Ta iioro BHXOBaHIJ;iB, 6yJia IIIOIIa. OrmiHyBIIIH ll, CBSII.I.l;eHHK BHpiiiiHB He Bi,D;MOBJISITHCSI Bi,D; Hel, O,D;epmaBIIIH Bi,D; BJiaCHHKa 3aiieBHeHHSI, ~o TOH 3po6HTh nepe6y,D;oBy, :w;o6 y HOBOMY npHMi:w;eHHi MomHa 6y11o Bi,D;npaBJISITH C11ym6y Bomy. 3a THm,D;eHh 6y11o Bee roTOBe, i TO,D;i Bp01{HCTO Bi,D;KpHJIH TY HOBY opaTopiro CB. <PpaHIJ;iCKa CaJihChKoro, :w;o o,D;epmaB Bi,D; enHcKona <PpaHcoHi Bci npHBiJiei: napa¢>iSIJibHOl n;epKBH. Ha HOBOMY Micu;i npan;IOBaB o. BocKo ciM JiiT 3 BeJIHKHM ycniXOM. 3aB,D;SIKH IIi,D;TpHMIJ;i n;epKOBHOl BJia,D;H, BeJIHl{HHM Bi,D;npaBaM y.-!JeJIHKi CB.HTa, nomepTBaM ,D;o6po1{HHIJ;iB, rapHoMy xopoBi, pi3HOMaHiTHOCTi po3Bar, y BH,D;yMyBaHHi SIKHX o. BocKo 6yB He3piBHSIHHHM MHTIJ;eM, KiJibKiCTb JOHaKiB 3pOCJia B IJ;bOMY aaKJia,D;i ,D;O 600-700 ,D;yiii. IloBepHyJioc.H To,D;i ,D;o o. BocKo 6araTo iioro npHXHJihHHKiH, :w;o Tenep :w;Hpo ,D;OIIOMaraJIH npoBi,D;HHKOBi MOJio,D;i B iioro cnaceHHiii: npau;i.

A BOHa 6y11a BeJIHKa i BTOMJIIOIOl{a. KomHoi: He,D;iJii ,D;yme paHO Ci,D;aB 0. BoCKO )J;O CIIOBi,D;aJibHHIJ;i i CIIOBi,D;aB CBOlX MaJIHX ,D;pyaiB, 60 6araTO 3 HHX IIOCTiHHO 6amaJIH CB. IlpHtiaCTSI. IliCJISI cnoBi,D;i 6y11a C11ym6a Boma 3 ,D;yxoBHOJO HayKoro. 3ro,D;oM o.

BocKo ,D;OJiyqHB :w;e onoBi,D;aHHSI 3 Bi611i'i if u;epKOBHOI icTopil.

IliCJISI o6i,D;y O,D;Hi XJIOIIIJ;i HIIIJIH )J;O)J;OMY, iHIIIi o6i,D;aJIH B MOJIHTOBHi. IloTiM IOHaKH BeCeJIO 3a6aBJI.HJIHCSI. Q 14.30 6yJia rOJIOBHa HayKa KaTeXi3HCy, SIKY 'IHTaJIH IIO KJiacax, Bi)J;IIOBi,D;HO ,D;O 3HaHb ,D;iTeii:. Y TOMY ,D;onoMaraJIH o. BocKo iHIIIi CB.Hrn;eHHKH a6o CTapiiii 3,D;i6Hi JOHaKH. IliCJISI KaTeXi3RCY 6yJia Bel{ipHSI a6o BepBHIJ;SI if 6JiaraJihHa nicH.H. ITo 6JiarocJioBeHHIO HaiicB.HTiiiiHMH "'TaiiHaMH 6yB BiJihHHH qac. To,D;i ytiHi, .HKi JIHIIIe npHHIIIJIH ,D;O IIIKOJIH, ,li;O,D;aTKOBO Bl{HJIH peJiiriiO, iHIIIi rpaJIH Ha iHCTpyMeHTaX a6o 3a6aBJISIJIHC.H Ha n11o:w;i. .IJ:yiiiero RomHoro rypTKa 6yB o. BocKo. Hara,D;yBaB CBOIM BHXOBaHIJ;SIM npo cB. cnoBi,D;h i cB.

160

31

CiYHR

IlpR"llaCTSI. KoJIR Tpe6a 6yJio, TO mKRBaB i Ha,u;3BR"llaHHRX 3aco6iB. Och rrpRKJia.u;.

O.u;RH JOHaK o6iu;SIB yme KiJihKa pa3iB, ru;o rrpR:ii.u;e crroBi,u;aTRcSI, aJie cBoro cJioBa HiKOJIR He ,u;oTpRMyBaB. Tom o.u;Horo ,D;HSI o.

BocKo, rro6a"li:HBIIIR M:oro Ha rrJioru;i, cKa3aB :iioMy HTR 3a HRM .u;o "' MOJIHTOBHi. XJiorreu;h .u;yMaB, ru;o CBSI:m;eHRK KJIH"lle M:oro .u;o SIKo'ich rrpau;i. Ta B MOJIHTOBHi o. BocKo BKa3aB JOHaKoBi Ha KJISI"liHRKa. ToM: y3SIB M:oro i rro"ll:aB HeCTR, 6o .u;yMaB, ru;o o. BocKo Kame :iioMy rrepeHeCTR M:oro B iHrne Micu;e. Arre o. BocKo 3BeJiiB XJiorru;eBi KJISIKHYTR Ha HhOMY. - l.JoMy? Ill,o MaiO po6RTR? - TR 6y.u;ern crroBi.u;aTRCSI. - A.Jie m Sl ru;e He rOTOBRH. - 5J u;e 3HaJO; aJie TR MYCRIII IIpRrOTyBaTRCSI Terrep i BRKOHaTR CBOJO o6iiJ;SIHKY. IOHaK rrocJiyxaBcSI; ,D;OKR o. BocKo rrpoKa3yBaB l.JacocJIOB, BiH IIpRrOTyBaBCSI H Bi,D;6yB ,u;o6py CIIOBi,ll;h. Ili3Hirne Bme He Tpe6a 6yJio CRJIOMiU:h rrpRBO,Il;RTR M:oro .u;o cB. Ta:iiH. Xo-q rrpau;SI o. BocKo Mim JOHaKaMR 6yJia crraceHHHM i H8,11;3BR"li8HHO IIOXBaJibHRM ,D;iJIOM, rrpOTe 6yJIR JIIO,Il;R, ru;o pa3 y pa3 CTapaJIHCSI rrepernKO,Il;RTR 111:. O.u;HRM 3 T8KRX Jiro.u;eM: 6yB MapKi3 KaByp, HaMiCHRK MicTa TopiHo. BiH rrepeK~BaB caMoro o. BocKo IIOKRHYTR TY rrpau;ro, CTapaBCSI BIIJIRHYTR Ha apxierrRcKorra, ru;o6 BiH 3a6opoHRB :iioMy 3al1:MaTRCSI roHaKaMR, a BKiHI~i po6RB 38XO,Il;H, ru;o6 MiChKa pa,D;a BH,D;aJia 3a6opOHY Ha CXO,D;HHH o. BocKo 3 rroKRHYTRMR HarrpR3BOJISI:m;e ,u;iThMH. Ta KOJIR rri,D; -qac 3aci.u;aHHSI pa.u;R, ru;o Bi.u;6yBaJIOCSI B rraJiaTi xBoporo apxierrRcKOrra, 6iJihiiiiCTh MaJia »me BRCTYIIRTR rrpOTR o. BocKo, To,D;i KHSI3h KopeHhO, SIKOrO HaTe 3aci,u;aHHSI SIK CBOrO rrpe,D;CTaBHRKa BHCJiaB caM KOPOJih AJih6pexT, rrpRXRJihHRK rrpau;i ,D;OHa BocKo, BHCJIOBRB KOpOJiiBCbKe 6amaHHSI, ru;o6 CBSI:m;eHHK ,D;aJii IIpO,D;OB)KYBaB CBOJO rrpau;JO Mim IOH8K8MR. IJ;e BpSITYB8JIO CIIpaBy ,ll;OHa BocKo 11: 6i,u;HHX JOHaKiB. A Ti, xTo 6yJIR 3a MapKi3oM KaBypoM , 3 Toro -qacy cTaJIH rrpRXRJihHHK8MR 11: .u;o6po"li:RHIJ;SIMR o. BocKo. Ill,o6 BRXOBaHIJ;i CBSI:m;eHM:Ka MOrJIR po6RTH IIOCTYII He JIHme y KaTOJIRIJ;hKiH Bipi, a T8KOm y 3HaHHi iHIIIHX rrpe.u;MeTiB, BiH opraHi3yBaB He TiJihKR He,D;iJihHi, aJie 11: Be"llipHi IIIKOJIH. Ha .u;orroMory, KpiM CBSI:m;eHRKiB, o. BocKo 3aJiy-qaB cTaprnRx 3,u;i6HRX JOHaKiB, SIKi, MalO"li:R 3H8HHSI 3 peJiiri'i, JiaTRHChKOl, iTMiHChKOl 11: <lJpaHu;y3hK01 MOB, 6yJIR 3,D;aTHi B"liHTR MOJIO,D;IIIRX y"liHiB. 3aB,D;SIKH IJ;hOMY CBSI:m;eHRK ,li;OCSir Ha,D;3BH"llaHHO ,l{06pRX pe3yJihTaTiB. ffiKiJihHOlO MeTO,li;RKOlO BRKJia,D;8HHSI i BRXOBaHHSI 0. BocKO 3aD;iKaBRJIRCSI B MicTi. KoJIH 3rO,l{OM o. IBaH rrpH3Ha"li:HB icrrRT 3

161

31

CiYH51

ycix rrpe,n;MeTiB i aarrpocnB Ha Hhoro aa~iKaBJieHnx oci6, yci npncyTHi 6yJIH BpameHi R aaxonJieHi Bi,n;noB{,n;SIMH IOHaKiB. 3ro,n;OM IIOtiaJIH BBO,IJ;liTll He,n;iJihHi R BetiipHi IIIKOJIH IIO BCiR ITaJii'i. ,ll;JIH ycrriiiiHo'i npa~i a IOHaKaMH o. BocKo Tpe6a 6yJio ,n;o6pnx IIIKiJihHliX KHHmOK. To,n;i CBSI~eHHK CaM ciB aa CTiJI i HaiiHCaB cBol BJiacHi ni,n;pyqHHKH 3 Bi6JiiRHo'i icTopil, icTopil .IJ;epKBH ii MaTeMaTHKH. Yci BOHR 6yJin cxBa.n:eHi i 3po6nJIH B ITa.n:i'i BeJIHKY ne,n;aroritiHY crrpaBy. IIocTiHHa R ,n;yme BHCHamJIHBa npa~SI o. BocKo Bi,n;6nJiacSI Ha HOrO 3,IJ;OpOB''i, BiH TSimKO 3aHe,n;ymaB i 6yB He,n;aJieKO Bi,n; cMepTi. Y TOR qac BHHBHJiacH aeJinKa Jiro6oB Ta npnB' SI3aHiCTh 6i,n;HHX ,n;iTeR ,n;o o. BocKo. BoHR npnxo,n;nJIH ,n;o Roro noMeiiiKaHHH, ~06 no6atiHTliCSI 3 HHM, IlpOMOBliTll XOti O,IJ;He CJiiB~e a6o rJIHHYTll Ha CBOrO BeJIHKOrO npoBi,IJ;HHKa R ,n;o6pOtiliH~H; KOJIH m JiiKap 3a6opoHHB 1M u;e, BOHR cep,n;etiHO MOJIHJIHCH, ~o6 Boma MaTH BpSITyBaJia 'iXHhoro BeJIHKoro ,n;pyra. CKiJihKH MOJIHTOB, ca. IIpnqacTh i pi3HHX yMepTBiHh CKJia.JIH 3amypeHi roHaKH nepe,n; 11 BiBTapeM aa 3,n;opoB'SI ,n;oHa BocKo! I MapiH He 3aJIHIIIHJia cBo'ix MaJIHX OBetiOK, SIKHX IIOKHHYJIH JIIO,IJ;H. KpH3a MHHyJia i IIiCJISI KiJihKaMicHtiHoro Bi,n;notiHHKY o . BocKo 3HOBY aepHyBcSI ,n;o caolx roHaKiB, Hid.. npnRHHJIH :H:oro a pa,n;icTro R B,IJ;HtiHicTro Boroai :H: He6ecHiH MaTepi.

O,n;ymaBIIIH, BiH norrpocna caoro MaTip MaprapHTY rrepe6paTHCSI ,n;o Hhoro B TopiHo i ,n;onoMaraTH :H:oMy B Roro npau;i. 3 Toro qacy 6i,n;Hi roHaKH MaJIH Bme He TiJihKH 6aT:bKa, aJie :H: ,n;yme n;o6py MaTip, SIKa OIIiKyBaJiaCSI HliMll, SIK CBOIMH pi,n;HHMll CHHaMH. 3 y6orHMH CBOIMll BHXOBaH~SIMll ,n;iJIHJiliCSI BOHH yciM, 'IHM MorJIH. KoJIH ame He MaJin caMi 3 qoro mHTH, Hi tiHM n;onoMaraTH roHaKaM, To,n;i 0. BocKo npo,n;aa caoe noJie, ~o o,n;epmaB y cna,n;~nHy, a MaTH MaprapnTa - cai:H: naM'HTHHH UIJII06HHH o,n;Hr Ta npnKpacn, ~o6 3a BHJiyqeHi rpoiiii ro,n;yaaTH if o,n;HraTH MOJio,n;nx 6i,n;aKiB, HKi B caoi:R Hym,n;i cTyKaJIH ,n;o txHix ,n;aepe:H:, a ~e 6iJihiiie - ,n;o lxHix cep,n;e~h. 3ro,n;oM ,n;aaaa tM Bor pyKaMH ,n;o6pnx JIIO,n;e:H: ,n;onoMory, TOMY MorJIH cnoKiHHiiiie !IpO,IJ;OBmyBaTH CBOIO CIIaCeHHY npau;10 Mim MOJIO,IJ;,IJ;IO. I.ll;o6 3aKpiiiHTll R II06iJihiiiHTll Mim CBOIMll IOHaKaMH ao6omHiCTh, o. BocKo 3acHyaaa 6paTCTBO CB. AJii3a. Ty,n;n !IpliRMaB TiJihKll THX, SIKi rrpOHIIIJill Bliiipo6yBaHHSI, ,n;o6pe aoao,n;HJIHCSI :H: qacTo npHRMaJIH CB. Ta:H:Hn. KoJIH Ha,n;xo,n;na ,n;eHh BCTYIIY ,IJ;O 6paTCTBa, IOHaKH CTapaJIHCSI ,n;o6pe IlpHrOTyBaTHCSI ~o Tiel BpOtiHCTOCTi. Y 路TOR qac o. BocKo 6araTo cnoni,n;aa, ~o6 Vci MOrJIH IlpliCTYIIHTll ,IJ;O CB. IlplltiaCTH. Y cy6oTy BiH CIIOBi,n;aB

162

31

CiYH51

HaBiTb IIiCJIJI 11 rO,li;MHM Be"'opa, a B He,ll;iJIIO ci,n;aB ,li;O CIIOBi,ll;aJibHMI.I;i o 4 ro,n;MHi paHKy. KiJibKa pa3iB 6yJio TaK, rn;o o. BocKo crroBi,n;aB ycro Hill! TaKa Ha,n;3BM"'aii:Ha peBHiCTh 3MyrnyBaJia 3aCTaHOBJIJITMCJI HaBiTb Hai\:6iJibiii He,n;6aJIMX lOHaKiB; IIOBOJii BOHM ·' IIO"'MHaJIM p03yMiTM, ID;O lXHi ,n;yrni - ,n;yme I.l;iHHi, KOJIM ,li;JIJI IXHboro crraciHHJI o. BocKo rrocBJitiye cTiJibKM '-:lacy, He3Bamaro"'M 7 Ha CBO€ 3,li;OpOB JI. Ilo,n;6aB CBJIID;eHMK TaKom rrpo Te, rn;o6 yci H:oro JOHaKM rrpMRHJIJIM CB. Taii:Hy MMporroMa3aHHJI. ApxierrMcKorr ll>paHcoHi oxo'-:Ie rrpM6yB ,n;o MOJIMTOBHi o. BocKo i ,n;aB cB. Taii:Hy MMporroMa3aHHJI 6JIM3bKO 300 IOHaKaM, JIKi ,li;O Tiel BpO"'MCTOCTi IIpMrOTyBaJIMCJI JIKHaii:Kparn;e. IlpM6paJIM CBOIO MOJIMTOBHIO, rri,n;roTyBaJIM pi3Hi KOHn;epTHi HoMepM. CBoro apxierrMcKorra BiTaJIM Ha,li;3BM"'aii:Ho cep,n;e"'HO. IJi,n; "'aC CBOel peBHOl rrpan;i Ha,ll; peJilriMHMM BMXOBaHHJIM COTeHb IIOKMHYTMX HaiipM3BOJI.HID;e lOHaKiB 0. BOCKO ,n;iii:IIIOB BMCHOBKY, ID;O 6araTO XJIOIII.I;iB MOrJIM 6 IIOCTillHO II060mHO mMTM, JIK6M MaJIM X0'-1 JIKeCb IIpMCTORHe mMTJIO. IJo"'aB ,n;yMaTM Ha,ll; Bi,n;KpMTTJIM rrpMTYJIKy, ,n;e 3He,n;oJieHi ti 6e3,li;OMHi roHaKM MOrJIM 6 IIpOBO,li;MTM CBOl HOl!i. IJpMrOTyBaBIIIM TpOXM IIpOCTMpa,n;JI i IIOKpMBaJI, 3p06MB TaKy "crraJihHlO" y CBOE:My II~eiiiKaHHi Ha ropMrn;i. IJepiiiMMM HO"'yBaJibHMKaMM y HhOrO 6yJIM qymi, He3HallOMi H:oMy xJiorrn;i. A cTaJiocJI n;e TaK. O,n;Horo pa3y BepTaBcJI o. BocKo rri3HO BHO"'i Bi,n; xBoporo.

Hecrro,n;iBaHo rro6atiMB Ha ,n;opo3i ,n;BaHa,li;U,JITb MOJIO,li;MX BOJion;ror, lll;O IIO'-:IaJIM 3HeBamaTM CBJIID;eHMKa HeBi,li;IIOBi,li;HMMM mapTaMM. - CBJIID;eHMKM rop,n;i H: 3apo3yMiJii, - KMHYB o,n;MH. - MM BMIIpo6ye:MO n;e Ha HbOMy, - CKa3aB iHIIIMll. ,ll;oH BocKo 6yB yme Ha,n;To 6JIM3bKO, rn;o6 i:x OMMHYTM, TOMY 3aHIIIOB IIpOCTO Mim HMX, Ha'-:Ie 6 He "'YB lXHiX IIOIIepe,n;HiX CJiiB. - ,1J;o6pMll Be"'ip, MOl ,n;py3i, - CKa3aB ,li;O HMX, - JIK CJI MaeTe? Bi,n;rroBiB HaH:6iJibiii Haxa6HMR Mim ,IJ;yme rroraHo, HMMM, - MM XO"'eMO BMIIMTM, a He Ma€MO Hi KOIIillKM. Mome, 6 BM KYIIMJIM HaM? - TaK! - KpMKHYJIM Bci. - KyrriTb HaM BMIIMTM, 6o iHaKrne He IIYCTMMO Bac! CKa3aBrnM n;e, BOJion;rorM o6cTyiiMJIM o. BocKo TaK, rn;o H:oMy ro,n;i 6yJIO BM6paTMCJI 3-ITOMim HMX. - 3 Hai\:6iJibiiiOIO rrpM€MHiCTIO, MOl ,n;py3i, - Bi,li;IIOBiB, - i, 7 JIKID;O ,li;03BOJIMTe, TO ll JI BMIT 10 TpOXM 3 BaMM. - BM - .zi'o6pMll CBJIID;eHMK! - KpMKHYJIM TO,ll;i BCi. - MM caMe n;horo xotieMo. TyT He,n;aJieKo e KOP'-:IMa.

163

31

Ci~.jHSI

•

0. BocKo rriiiioB Ty,n;n 3 ,n;Box rrpH"'IHH. IIo-rrepiiie, ~o6 He ,n;iifiiiJIO ,n;o "'lorocb ripiiioro Mim Hi"'IHHMH BOJio:u;roraMH. A, rro,n;pyre, XOTiB 3p06HTH ~OCb ,n;o6pe ,ll;JI.H HHX. ,lJ;HBHO :o;e BHr.JI1I,D;a.JIO, .HK CB.H~eHHK 3 TaKoiO rry6JiiKoiO 3aifiiiOB yHo"'li ,n;o KOp"'IMH! Ta .HK BIIi3Ha.JIH o. BocKo, TO Bi,n;pa3y 3,n;ora,n;a.JIHC.H, "'loro BiH Ty,n;n 3aifiiiOB. Ko.JIH Ki.JihKa IIJI.HIIIOK BHHa IIO.HBHJIOC.H Ha CTOJii, BOJIOD;IDrH CTa.JIH BeCe.Jiiiiii if IIOM'.HKIIIa.JIH; 0. BoCKO Ha3BaB IM CBO€ iM'.H Ta rrpocHB IX 3po6HTH ifoMy o,n;Hy rrpneMHiCTh. - II.J;o 3axo"'leTe, ,n;oH BocKo, - Bi,n;rroBi.JIH ifoMy, - 6o MH XOTi.JIH 6 i Ha,n;a.Jii 6yTH ,n;o6pHMH IIpH.HTe.JI.HMH. - Bn Ki.JihKa pa3iB 3HeBaJKHJIH cboro,n;Hi Bora. "IIH o6i:u;.HeTe MeHi, ~o BJKe He 6y,n;eTe 6i.Jihiiie :o;horo po6HTH? - .H ~Hpo JKa.JiiiO, ,n;oH BocKo, - cKa3aB o,n;HH 3 HHX, - a.Jie BH 3HaeTe, ~o "'lacoM CJiiB:u;e BHpBeThC.H 6e3 HaiiiOI BOJii. Ta .H MYIIIY rro36yTHC.H :u;iei: rroraHOI 3BH"'IKH. Te caMe o6i:o;.HJIH if iHIIIi. - .HK TaK, TO ,n;o6pe . .H rri,n;y 3a,n;oBo.JieHHif ,n;o,n;oMy. B He.n;i.JIIO "'leKaTHMY Bac y MOJIHTOBHi. A Terrep Tpe6a BaM iTH crraTH, 6o BJKe IIi3HO. Ki.JihKa; HHx cKa3a.JIH ,n;oHy BocKo, ~o He MaiDTh ,n;oMy. - A ,n;e JK BH crrnTe? - "llaCOM y CTaifHi, .HK HaM ,ll;03BOJI.HTh; iHKOJIH B rOCTHHHD;i, .HK e ,n;eiiieBe JiiJKKO, iHIIIHM pa30M - y .HKOrOCb ,n;pyra.

"Bi,n;Hi roHaKn", - rro,n;yMaB rrpo ce6e o. BocKo, a rroTiM ,n;o,n;aB: - Ti 3 Bac, .HKi MaiDTh xaTy, Hexaif i,n;yTh crraTH ,n;o,n;oMy, a Ti, ~o He MaiDTh, rri,n;yTh 3i MHoro. B MeHe 3Haif,n;eThC.H Tpoxn Mic:u;.H. I 3aBiB IX Ha cBoe ropn~e, ,n;aB IM MiiiiKH 3 co.JioMoiO, rrpocTHpa,n;Jia if rroKpHBa.Jia, .HKi rrpnroTyBaB 3a3,n;a.Jieri,n;h. Yci pa30M IIOMOJIHJIHC.H "0T"'Ie Haiii" i "Boropo,n;n:u;e ,lJ;iBo".

IIo6amaBIIIH IM ,n;o6poi HO"'Ii, o. BocKo rriiiioB Ha crro"'IHHOK. Ko.JIH BpaH:o;i IIpHifiiiOB po36y,n;HTH IX, He 3aCTaB yme Hi O,ll;HOrO rOCT.H: IIOBTiKa.JIH, 3a6paBIIIH 3 C06oro BCi rrpOCTHpa,n;Jia if IIOKpHBa.Jia! TaR 3aKiH"'IHJiac.H rrepiiia crrpo6a o. BocKo 3 Bi,n;KpHTT.HM rrpHTYJIKY ,n;JI.H 6e3,D;OMHHX. Ta BiH He 3HeBipHBC.H, a Ha6paB ~e 6i.JibiiiOrO 6aJKaHH.H 3a BC.HKY D;iHy MaTH IIpHMi~eHH.H ,ll;JI.H 5e3rrpHTYJihHHX roHaKiB. Bo CB.HTi He Bi,n;cTyrraiOTh rrepe,n; HeB,D;a"'laMH, a Teprre.JIHBO IIp.HMYIOTb ,ll;O IIOCTaBJieHOI MeTH, aJK riOKH OC.HrHyTh Ii:. 3ro,n;OM He O,ll;HH y6orHif IDHaK 3HaifiiiOB y 0.

BocKo THXHif KYTOK, a CB.H~eHHK Mir Jieriiie orriKyBaTHC.H THMH ~iThMH, B6eperTH IX Bi,n; 3JIO"'IHHiB, a o,n;Ho"'lacHo ,n;aTH IM X: pHCTH.HHChKe BHXOBaHH.H.

164

31

CiYHfl

Komi KiJihKiCTh IOHaKiB, .HKi npMXOAJiiJUi AO MOJIJiiTOBHi, 3pOCJia ,1:{0

800

~OJIOBiK, a '!epe3 Te CTaJIO MaM:>«e HeMO:>KJIJiiBJiiM

BeCTJii 3 HJiiMJi.l .HK CJii;ZJ; HaB'IaHH.H, 0. BOCKO BiAKPJiiB ~e ABi HOBi MOJIJiiTOBHi B iHIIlJiiX '!aCTJiiHaX MiCTa. 3aB,l{.HKJii ,l{OIIOM03i peBHJiiX

CB.H~eHJiiKiB TaKJiiM KpOK IIpliiHiC 6araTO KOpliiCTi.

Y

"'

TOM ~ac MaB o. BocKo 6araTo npMKpo~iB ~epea epeTMKiB-

BaJihAeHciB, ~0 CTapaJiliiC.H Bi.l{T.HrTJii MOrO XJIOIID;iB Bi.l{ MOJIJiiTOBHi. KoJIJii aaB.l{.HKJii ~YMHOCTi AOHa BocKo Ta Moro noMi'IHMKiB MOJIOAi BJiiXOBaH:o;i He ,l{aJIJii ce6e aaMaHJiiTJii B epeTJi.lll;hKi ciTi, p03JIIO'!eHi epeTJiiKJii cTaJIM HanaAaTM Ha MOJIJiiTOBHIO M aaKJii.l{aTJii

11

KaMiH-

H.HM, a O,l{HOrO ,l{H.H .HKJiiMCh 3JIO~JiiHeD;b HaBiTh BJiiCTpiJIJiiB .l{Bi'Ii 3 nicToJieTa y aaxpMcTiiO, .l{e CB.H~eHMKJii roTyBaJIJiiC.H AO CJiy:>«6M

Bomo'i. 1848

poKy 6ea6o:>«HJiiKJii notiaJIJii aaBa.HTO Hana,l{aTM Ha

KaTOJIJiiD;hKY IJ;epKBY. 0AHoro AH.H .HKJiiMCh ~OJIOBiK cTpiJI.HB B 0. BOCKO CaMe TO.l{i, .HK BiH y MOJIJiiTOBHi IIpOIIOBi.l{yBaB CBOlM IOHaKaM. Ha ~acT.H, Bo:>«a MaTJii B6eperJia cBoro BipHoro cJiyry M oniKyHa 11 AiTeM BiA CMepTi. Hana.l{y o. BocKo aoBciM He 3JI.HKaBC.H, TiJihKJii CKa3aB, IIO,l{Ji.IBJiiBIIlJiiCh Ha IIpOCTpiJieHy p.Hcy: "MeHi :>KaJih p.HCJii, 60 BOHa B MeHe O,l{Ha ••. " HeaBamaiO'!Jii Ha He6eaneKM, o. BocKo .l{aJii 6ea6o.H3HO M TepneJIJiiBO npa:o;IOBaB Ha,l{ CBOlMJii IOHaKaMJii. IJ;e aa6MpaJIO CTiJihKJi.l 'lacy, ~0 CB.H~eHJiiK ,l{eKOJIJii He MaB BiJI'!iliOl XBJiiJIJiiHJii noBetiep.HTM; TOAi 6paB TpoxM XJii6a B pyKM M nepepMBaB rOJIOA IIi):{ ~ac HaB'IaHH.H, XOA.H~Ji.l IIOMi.m CBOlX .l{OpOrJiiX ):{iTeM M ,l{aiO~Jii 1M piaHi IIOB'!aHH.H. "lfepea CBOIO 6iAHiCTh o. BocKo He MaB CIIpOMOrJii HaMH.HTJii ,l{OMalllHbOl IIpliiCJiyrM, TOMY II03a BCiMa CBOlMJii o6oB'.H3KaMJii MyciB ,l{OIIOMaraTJii ~eM CBOlM MaTepi. "lfaCTO 6yBaJio TaK, ~o TOM BeJIMKJiiM BJiiXOBaTeJih MOJIOAi M IIJi.IChMeHHJiiK HOCJiiB Bo.l{y, py6aB APOBa, aaMiTaB, poanaJIIOBaB y ne~i. ~Ji.ICTMB 6apa6oJIIO M JIY~Ji.IB cpacoJIIO.

A

B paai noTpe6M 6yB KpaB:o;eM,

rneB:o;eM, KyxapeM, aaB.mAM AaiO~Jii co6i PaAY· ,r:(o Toro

m

aaB:>KAJii

.l{y:>«e BeCeJIJiiM i ,l{OTeiiHJiiM, OTO-'K 6iAHi IOHaKJii ropHyJIJiiC.H ,1:{0 Hhoro, .HK AO cBoro pi.l{Horo 6aThKa, M 'IeKaJIM Tie! ro.l{JiiHJii, KOJIJii 3MO-'KYTh IIpliiMTJii 3 po60TJii Ha o6iA '!Ji.l Be'!epiO i IIO'IYTJii 3 yeT CBOrO OIIiKyHa CJIOBO IIOXBaJIJii '!Ji.l 3aOXOTJii. KoJIJii KapJI Anb6pexT, KOpOJih II'eMOHTy, oroJIOCJiiB

1848

poKy BiMHy ABcTpil, IOHaKJii, aaxonJieHi BOeHHJiiM AYXOM, nepecTaJIJii npMXOAMTJii AO KaiiJIM:o;i, a Ti, ~o npMXOAJiiJIJii, nepe6yBaJIM TaM Heoxo~e. 0. BocKo B:>KJiiBaB piaHJiiX aaco6iB ~o6 cBo'ix IOHaKiB YTPJiiMaTJii npM MOJIJiiTOBHi. IlpM.l{6aB 1M irpalllKOBi pylllHMD;i,

~06, MaJIJii ~Ji.IM 6aBJiiTJiiC.H y BiMHy, Ta BC.HKi iHIIli IIpliiJia,l{,l{.H ,1:{0 rpM M aa6aBJii. MyaMKa M cniB aaMMaJIJii Ba:>«JIJiiBe Mic:u;e B .l{eHHOMY poanop.HAKY. •IOHa:o;hKJiiM xop o. BocKo

cniBaB no piaHJiiX

165

31

Ci'-IHSI

u;epKBax, qn:M 3,D;o6yB co6i 6araTO IIOXBaJI, a o. Bt>CKO Ta nora crrpaBi 3po6n:B BeJin:Kn:n po3roJioc. CrriB ,D;iTen rroqaJin: 3ro,D;oM BBO,li;RTR ITO pi3HRX u;epKBaX. Y BeJin:Kn:n "lleTBep, BBeqepi, o. BocKo rricJIJr qn:TaHH.H CB. €BaHreJii.H, IIi,D;rrepe3aBII1RCh pylliHRKOM, OMRBaB CBOlM MaJin:M "arrocToJiaM" Horn:, TaK, .HK Xpn:cToc cBoi:M 12 yqH.HM, a OIIiCJI.H 06Tn:paB i 3 BeJIRKOlO IIOKOpOlO IJ;iJiyBaB lX. lli,D; qac TOrO o6p.H,D;Y xop crriBaB rricHi, a rroTiM o. BocKo rrporroBi,D;yBaB. IIicJI.H Bi,D;IIpaBR rrpn:ro:ru;aB i 06,D;apoByBaB TRX 12 BR6paHRX lOHaKiB i IIOBHRX pa,D;OCTi Bi,D;rrpaBJI.HB ,li;O,li;OMY. III;o6 IOHaKn: He rrporrycKaJin: B He,D;iJii 6orocJiy.miHh i HayKn: KaTexiJn:cy, o. BocKo B.iKRBaB ycix MO.iKJIRBRX 3aco6iB. 06,D;apoByBaB Me,D;aJihnOHqn:KaMR, o6pa3KaMR, COJIO,li;OIIJ;aMR, <lJpyKTaMn:; BiB HayKy y <lJopMi HeBRMyllieHRX p03MOB-,D;iaJioriB, .HKi ,D;y.me rro,D;o6aJin:c.H ,D;iT.HM. IOHaKn: cTaJin: Jiirrllie Bqn:TRC.H, a TaKO.iK oxoqillie IIpRXO,D;RTR ,li;O KaiiJIRIJ;i.

Typ6oTa o. BocKo rrpo 3aJin:llieHn:x Harrpn:3BOJI.H:ru;e IDHaKiB 6yJia TaKa BeJIRKa, IIJ;O xoq Kpai:Ha TO,D;i BOlOBaJia, BiH 3aB.iK,li;R 3HaXO,D;RB CIIOC06R 3a,D;OBOJieHH.H KOHeqHRX IIOTpe6 CBOlX BRXOBaHIJ;iB. I.ll;e 6iJihllie CTapaBC.H 0. BoCKO rrpo 3aXRCT CBOlX IOHaKiB Bi,D; YOOKOrO 3JIOrO BIIJIRBy . .IJ:aBaB lM IIiCJI.H BeqipHiX MOJIRTOB MaJii AYXOBHi u;iKaBi rroBqaHH.H . .IJ:eKoJin: ,D;opyqaB 1M IIRCaTR Ha rrarrepi Bi,D;IIOBi,D;i Ha pi3Hi IIRTaHH.H, a TRX, IIJ;O HanKpa:ru;e Bi,D;IIOBi,D;aJIR, HaropO,D;.iKyBaB. lli,D; qac TaKRX IIQBqaHh lOHaKR 3HanOMRJIRCh 3 piJHRMR 3aKR,D;aMR IIpOTR CB.HIIJ;eHRKiB, OT.iKe BOpO.iKa a:r'iTaiJ;i.H B MiCTi He JIRIIle He 6yJia ,D;JI.H HRX He6e3rreqHOlO, a HaBiTh po6n:Jia lX 3,D;aTHRMR CTaBaTR B o6opoHi CB.HIIJ;eHRKiB, 3aB,D;.HKR .HKRM BOHR O,D;ep.myBaJIR peJiirinHe BRXOBaHH.H 1 HayKy, a qacTo :ru;o,D;eHHn:n xJii6 i TerrJin:ll: KYTOK ,D;JI.H crroqn:HKY. TaKa MeTO,li;RKa IIOrrepe,D;.iKyBaJihHRX 3aXO,D;iB 6yJia Kpa:ru;a, Hi.iK KapaHH.H BRHHRX IIiCJI.H CKOE:HH.H IIpOBRH. BeJin:Ky Jiro6oB MaJin: Bn:xoBaHu;i o. BocKo ,D;O CBHTillioro 0TIJ;.H ll: KopoJI.H. KoJin: II ana IIill: IX 6yB 3MyllieHn:n qepe3 peBoJIIOIJ;iiO 3aJIRII1RTR Pn:M 6e3 .mo,D;HRX MaTepiaJihHRX 3aco6iB ,D;JI.H icHyBaHH.H, 6i,D;Hi IDHaKn: 3a rrpn:KJia,D;oM rro6o.mHn:x KaToJin:KiB ITaJiil ll: ychoro cBiTy, rrocrrilliRJIR ll: co6i ,D;O Xpn:cToBoro HaMiCHRKa 3 ,D;apOM Jil060Bi, IIJ;O Ha3RBaBC.H "lleTpiB rpilli", 3i6paBII1R i )lRCJiaBIIlRR IIarri 33 Jiipn:. CB.HTiiiln:n 0Teu;h 6yB TRM :ru;n:po 3BopyllieHn:n i rrpn:cJiaB o. BocKo qepe3 cBoro HYHIJ;i.H oco6Jin:Be rrarrchKe 6JiarocJioBeHH.H, a KOJIR BepHyB~.H ,D;O Pn:Ma, HaKa3aB Kyrrn:Tn: 3a Ti rpollii BepBRIJ;h, rro6JiarocJIOBRB 'ix i rrepecJiaB o.

BocKo ,D;JI.H Bcix IOHaKiB. 3a KopoJI.H, :ru;o rrporpaB Bill:Hy ll: MyciB 3peKTRC.H rrpecToJiy, IDHaKn: ll: o. BocKo cep,D;eqHo .MOJIRJIRC.H.

166

31

Ci4H51

I.IJ;o6 3aKpiiHITH TI060»tHiCTb CBOlX BHXOBaHIJ;iB, a TaKO»t po36y,n;HTH 'i'i B cepu;Hx THX roHaKiB, ru;o He 3HaJm Bora, o. BocKo 3anpoBa,n;HB Be.JIHKi pi"'Hi peKo.JieKu;i'i ,n;.JIH IOHaKiB. Ti ,n;yxoBHi BnpaBH yBiHqa.JIHCH TaKHM ycnixoM, ru;o 6aTbKH il: x.Jii6o,n;aBu;i 6ama.JIH, ru;o6 TaKi peKo.JieKu;i'i Bi,n;6yBa.JIHCH ru;opoKy. CnaceHHa ·• npau;H o. BocKo Mim nOKHHYTHMH il: y6orHMH ,n;iThMH Ha6y.Jia po3ro.Jiocy B u;i.JioMy MicTi. 3ara.JihHa rpoMa,n;chKa ,n;yMKa 6y.Jia Ha 6ou;i o. BocKo. Ko.JIH qyTKH npo npau;ro CBHI.IJ;eHHKa ,n;iil:III.JIH ,n;o ceHaTy, TPH il:oro npe,n;cTaBHHKH oco6HcTo or.JIHHY.JIH opaTopiro i u;iKaBH.JIHCH npau;ero o. BocKo. BoHR ,n;oBi,n;a.JIHCH npo Bee, ru;o po6HTbCH B opaTopi'i, a TaKO»t npo MaTepia.JibHY CTOpOHY npau;i CBHI.IJ;eHHKa. CeHaTopH I.IJ;Hpo cxBa.JIH.JIH KOPHCHY npau;ro o. BocKo il: CTa.JIH il:oro ,n;o6poqHHIJ;HMH. HeB,n;OB3i o6roBoproBa.JIH cnpaBy o. BocKo B ceHaTi, HKHM noTiM He pa3 BHC.JIOB.JIIOBaB il:oMy cBoe npH3HaHHH, a TaKO»t Ha,n;aBaB rpOIIIOBY ,li;OTIOMOry. A6H npHroTyBaTH cBo'ix IOHaKiB HKHail:Kparu;e ,n;o Be.JIHKoro CBHTa XpHCTOBoro BOCKpeciHHH, o. BocKo opraHi3yBaB y qac Be.JIHKoro IlocTy B o6i,n;Hro nopy K.JiacH, HKi Be.JIH CBHI.IJ;eHHKH a6o noMiqHHKH-KaTeXHTH. HaBiTh yqHTe.Jii 3 ,n;epmaBHHX IIIKi.JI TIOCBHqyBa.JIH CBiM o6i,n;HiM Bi,n;noqHHOK CBHTiM cnpaBi M oxoqe ,n;onoMara.JIH o. BocKo B il:oro cnaceHHiil: cnpaBi ,n;.JIH Bomo'i c.JiaBH il: ,n;o6pa ,n;yiii coTeHh IOHaKiB. c Y TOM qac o. BocKo MaB 6araTo npHKporu;iB; cepe,n; HKHX yB 'H3HeHHH il: BHrHaHHH 3 Kparo 3a HaKa3oM peBo.Jirou;iil:HHX MiHicTpiB apxienHcKona <I>paHCOHi, HKHM Bme He BepHyBcH ,n;o pi,n;Horo KpalO, a TIOMep 3a KOp,li;OHOM. 3peBO.JIIOIJ;iOHi30BaHHM HaToBn 3arpomyBaB TaKom o. BocKo Ta il:oro Kammu;i; Ti.JihKH 3aB,li;HKH CBoeqaCHOMY TIOnepe,n;»teHHIO O,li;HOPO 3 MOrO TipHXH.JibHHKiB o6iil:III.JIOCH 6e3 Heru;acTH. A.Jie cTa.JiocH iHIIIe: il:orocniBpo6iTHHKH, ,li;YXOBHi i CBiTChKi, npOMHHBIIIHCb peBO.JilOIJ;iMHHMH i,n;eHMH, noKHHY.JIH o. BocKo, Tom BiH MyciB Mail:me caM BeCTH BeJmqe3HY npau;ro. PeBo.Jirou;iil:Ha a:r'iTau;iH cnpHqHHH.Jia TaKO»t 3aMiiiiaHHH Mi»t CaMHMH X.JIOTIIJ;HMH: ,n;eHKi 3 HHX noKHHY.JIH o. BocKo. Ta ni3Hiiiie 6i.JihiiiiCTh 3 HHX, HanH:caBIIIH Bi,li;TIOBi,n;Hy 3aHBy, BepHy.JIHCH 3HOBY ,li;O CBHI.IJ;eHHKa, HKHM, He3Ba»taJOqH Ha jfW,li;Hi Tpy,n;HOI.IJ;i, Tepne.JIHBO npO,li;OB»tYBaB CBOlO po6oTy. CnpaBi o. BocKo 3arpomyBa.JIH B TOM qac TaKom ,n;eHKi OpraHi3au;i'i, I.IJ;O ni,n; BHr.JIH,li;OM ,n;o6poqHHHOl npau;i Be.JIH aHTHXpHCTHHHCbKY po6oTy. BaraTo KaTO.JIHIJ;hKHX po6iTHHKiB cTa.JIH mepTBaMH 06.Jiy,li;HHX a:r'iTaTopiB. I.IJ;o6 B6eperTH CBOlX IOHaKiB Bi,n; 3ry6Horo Bli.JIHBY THX He6e3neqHHX opraHi3au;iil:, o. BocKo 3aCHyBaB Mi.>K CBOlMH lOHaKaMH 1850 poKy "ToBapHCTBO B3aE:MHOl

167

31

Ci4H~

~OIIOMOni", ~0 MaJIO Ha~aBaTH "tJJieHaM .HK MaTepiaJibHY, TaK i

~yxoBHY rri~TPHMKy. Te TOBapncTBO MaJio BenHKHii ycrrix. 3a rrpHKJia~oM o. BocKo, rronmpHJIHC.H opraHi3an;ii KaTOJIHII;hKHX po6iTHHKiB no Bciii: ITaJiil ii 6yJIH Maiime B KO:>KHOMY MicTi. 3ro~oM o. BocKo BHKYIIHB y BJiacHiCTh Te MeniKaHH.H, ~o ~oci TiJihKH BHHaiiMaB, a IIOTiM KYIIHB TaKO:>K IIOOJIH3Y KOp"t!My, ~0 6yJia BeJIHKOKl rrepeiiiKO~OKJ ~JI.H CIIOKiMHOI rrpan;i B KaiiJIHII;i.

KoJIH Bme cTaB BJiaCHHKOM 3eMJii, To~i 3BamHBC.H Ha BeJIHKe ~iJio 6y~oBy u:epKBH cB. ci>paHn;icKa CanhCbKoro. Xo"tJ He MaB Ha Te IIOTpiOHHX rpornei\:, B3.HBC.H ~0 II;iel crrpaBH 3 BeJIHKOKJ Ha~iero Ha Bome IlpoBFI~iHH.H. I He rroMHJIHBC.H. Maii:me -qy~ecHHM crroco6oM rrpnxo~HJIH ~o o. BocKo rromepTBFI 3 pi3HHX CTopiH. KpiM Taro, 3arrpoBa~HJIFI BeJIFIKY JIOTepero, ~o rrpFIHecJia ~ec.HTKH THC.H"tJ Jiip. ,[(o poKy "tJaCy n;epKBa 6yJia rOTOBa. 3ro~OM 36y~yBaB o. BocKo TaKom i BeJIHKHii rrpHTYJIOK ~JI.H 6e3~0MHHX IOHaKiB. IIi~ -qac 6y~oBFI CTaJIFIC.H ~Ba rrpHKpi BHrra~KH. Crro"tJaTKY BH6yxHyJia rropoxiBHHII;.H B TopiHo. BaraTo 6yJio IIIKO~H Bi~ Taro B MicTi, o~HaK Boma MaTH B6eperJia KaiiJIFIII;IO o. BocKo. IloTiM po3BaJIHBC.H rrpHTYJIOK Bi~ ~oBroi 3JIHBH. Xo"tJ n;e cTaJioc.H BHO"tJi, a o. BocKo 3i CBOIMH KJHaKaMH Ho"tJyBaJIFI TO~i 6iJI.H KaiiJIHII;i i 6yJIH B BeJIHKiM He6e3rren;i, KOJIFI BaJIHJIHC.H MypH, Ta 3aB~.HKH oco6JIHBiii Bomiii: orrin;i Bci 3aJIHIIIHJIHCh :>KHBHMH i 3~opoBFIMH. 36HTKH 6yJIH BeJIHKi, Ta ~e~picTh rrpHXHJihHHKiB o. BocKo ~OIIOMOrJia ~OKiH"tJHTH p03IIO"tJaTy 6y~oBy. CaMe B TOM -qac po3BHHYJIH B TopiHo cBoJO rrporrar'aH~y pi3Hi rrpoTecTaHTChKi ceKTH. ,[(o 6opoTh6H 3 HHMH cTaB o. BocKo 3 KiJihKOMa CB.H~eHHKaMH, a 'ixHhOKJ 36poeKJ cTaJia rrpeca. BoHH IIO"tJaJIH BH~aBHTH mypHaJI "IlpH.HTeJih MOJIO~i", a, KpiM TOrO, o. BocKo BHrrycKaB pi3Hi JieTIO"tJKH, .HKi THC.H"tJaMH po3~aBaJIH JIIO~.HM 3 Haro~H Micii\:, peKOJieKn;ii\: i BC.HKHX peJiiriMHHX 3aXO~iB. IloTiM BH~aB MOJIHTOBHHK ~JI.H MOJIO~i Ta iHIIIi KHH:>KKH 3 IIOB"tJaHH.HMFI rrpo KaTOJIHII;hKY Bipy M IIpOTeCTaHTChKi rri~pOOKH. Ti KHH:>KKH 6araTo Ba:>KHJIH ~JI.H 36epemeHH.H BipH ii 3pocTaHH.H rro6omHocTi B ITaJiil. KoJIH epeTHKFI, po3JIIO"tJeHi BFI~aHH.HMFI HeBTOMHOrO M CJiaBHOrO OOOpOHII;.H KaTOJIHII;hKOI BipH M IIOOOpHHKa epeci, BHCTYIIHJIFI ~e 3aB3.HTirne IIpOTH 0. BOCKO, BiH Bi~IIOBiB IM y 1853 pon;i BH~aHH.HM HOBOrO MiC.H"tJHHKa "KaTOJIHII;hKi "tJHTaHH.H". Toil "tJacorrFic 6yB Hapo3xBaT, "tJHTaJIH ~OrO 3 BeJIHKHM 3aii;iKaBJieHH.HM. KoJIH epeTHKH rro6a"tJHJIH, ~o o. BocKo rro6HBae IX Ha KO:>KHOMY Kpon;i, BOHH IIO"tJaJIH: rrpHXO~HTH ~0 ~OMY CB.H~eHHKa f!a ~e6aTH. CB.H~eHHK BHcJiyxoByBaB 'ixHi ~YMKH, a orricJI.H CHJIOKJ ~BOIX ~oKa3iB 3araH.HB IX y rJiyxnii: KyT. O~Hi 3 HHX rroKH~aJIH

168

31

Ci'IHSI

epecb; iHIIIi, HaBiTb KepiBHHKH CeKT, BHXO,ll;HJIH aacopoMJieHi. O.n;Hiei: He,n;iJii npHHIIIJIH .n;o o. BocKo .n;aa "ll:OJIOBiKn: Ha poaMoay. ,[J;aaaJin: M:oMy 4 000 Jiip i o6ii.I,.HJIH ,n;aTH :r.u;e 6iJihiiie, :r.u;o6 aiH TiJihKH nepecTaB BH,n;aaaTH "KaTOJIHD;hKi "ll:HTaHH.H". KoJIH o. BocRo piiiiy"ll:e ai,n;KHHYB 'ixHIO nponoaHu;iro, HanacHHKM HaKHHYJIHC.H Ha Hboro. 0. BocKo B3.HB y PYKH KpicJio, :r.u;o6 6opoHHTHC.H. CaMe To,n;i a'.HBHBC.H B .n;aep.Hx IOHaK, :r.u;o 6ya ni.n; .n;aepMH, cTpHaomeHHH npn:xo.n;oM ni.n;oapiJIHX oci6. Ti "ll:OJIOBiKH MyciJIH niTH. Hea.n;oa3i npo6YBaJIH 3BecTn: M:oro 3i caiTy OTpyeHHM BHHOM i ropixaMH, iHIIIHM pa3oM - xoTiJIH no6HTH. O,n;HaK Bor noMir o. BocKo :r.u;acJIHBO ap.HTyBaTHC.H, M:oro aipHi IOHaKH xo,n;HJIH BCIO,n;H 3 HHM i "lleKaJIH ,n;JI.H 6e3neKH ni,n; ,n;aepn:Ma. TaKom Hana,n;aJIH Ha o. BocRo HaM:MaHi JIIO,ll;H, :r.u;o6 y6HTH M:oro. Y XBHJin:Hy BeJIHKo'i He6e3neKH 3'.HBJI.HBC.H 3aBm,n;H 6iJI.H o. BocKo .HKHHCh TaeMHH"ll:HH co6aKa, .HKHH KH,ll;aBC.H Ha HaiiaCHHKiB i o6opOH.HB M:oro. TaK Bome IlpoBH,n;iHH.H "ll:yBaJio Ha,n; cao'iM aipHHM cJiyroiO H OIIiKyHOM 6e3IIpHTYJibHHX ,n;iTeH. Ili,n; "ll:ac xoJiepH B TopiHo o. BocRo 3 aeJin:KOIO ai,n;aaroiO pHTy:BaB aapameHHX. THmHHMH He po3.n;Hraac.H, JIHIIIe B pHci CIIO"ll:HBaB KOpOTKHH "ll:aC, a IIOTiM 3HOBY IIOCIIiiiiaB ,ll;O XBOpHX. KpiM Toro, 3aoxo"ll:yBaB ,n;onoMaraTH xaopHM cao'ix IOHaKiB, a, IIplUOTyBaBIIIH IX .HK CJii,ll;, IIOCHJiaB ,ll;O ,ll;QlYiiB 3apameHHX XOJiepoiO, ,n;e IOHaKH 3 He6e3IIeKOIO ,ll;JI.H CBOrO »tHTT.H IIOCJiyroayBaJIH xaopHM i BMHpaiO"ll:HM. 3 IOHaKiB o. BocKo 3aHe,n;ymaB TiJihKH o.n;HH, TaM: TOR cRapo BH,n;ymaa.

He3BamaiO"ll:n: Ha CBOIO 3aHH.HTiCTh, o. BocRo oxo"ll:e ai.n;ai.n;yaaa THX, .HKi nepe6yaaJIH y B'.H3HHD;i. TaM y"ll:HB IX KaTexiaHcy, nponoai.n;yaaa, cnoai,n;aa IX. IOHaKH, .HKHX B o.n;HiH a'.HaHHD;i 6yJio 300 "ll:OJIOBiK, TaR JII06HJIH M: IIIaHyBaJIH o. BocRo, :r.u;o KOJIH o,n;I:Ioro ,n;HH, 3a ,n;o3BOJIOM MiHicTpa, o. BocKo niiiioB 3 HHMH 6e3 mo,n;Hoi OXOpOHH Ha BeCb ,n;eHb Ha nporyJIHHKy, Bci ,ll;O O,ll;HOrO BBet~epi IIOBepHyJIHC.H Haaa,n; ,li;O B'.H3HHD;i Ha npeBeJIHKe 3,ll;HByBaHH.H MiHiCTpa H ycix THX, IIJ;O "ll:YJIH npo TY He6yBaJIY IIO,ll;iiO. Y TOR "ll:ac Harrn:caa o. BocKo "lcTopiiO ITaJiil". ll;.H ,n;yme IIOTpi6Ha KHmKKa CTaJia ,li;OBi,ll;HHKOM y IIIKOJiaX; B HiH CB.HIIJ;eHHK He JIHIIIe npaB,li;HBO OIIOBi,n;aB icTopiiO lTaJiil, aJie H p036y,n;myBaB Bi,n;pa3y ,li;O 3JIOliHHY i JII060B ,li;O "ll:eCHOTH. IJ;SI KHH»tKa 6yJia O,n;HieiO a HaHKpa:r.u;n:x i HaM:aamJin:BiiiiHx, :r.u;o BHHIIIJIH 3-ni,n; M:oro nepa. · Ha noMi"liHHKiB-Y"ll:HTeJiiB y CBOIH npau;i o. BocKo BHIIIKOJIIOaaa TaJiaHOBHTHX IOHaKiB. 3rO,l{OM, KpiM THX XJIOIID;iB, .HKi HaB"ll:aJIHCh .HKOMYCb peMecJiy, o . BocKo no"ll:aB aecTH M: KJiac CTy,l{eHTiB, .HKi IIiCJI.H 3aKiH"ll:eHH.H 6orOCJIOBCbKHX HayK yme SIR CBSIIIJ;eHHKH ,l{onoMaraJIH M:oMy ycniiiiHO aecTH po3no"llaTy cnpaay.

169

31

CiYHH

A KOJIH Biii:chKO 3aii:H.HJIO 6y.n;nHoK ,[(yxOBI:\PI errapxiaJihHOI ceMiHapil, o. BocKo .n;aa cBoe rrpHMii.I.J;eHH.H THM 6orocJioBaM, .HKi roTyBaJIHCh ,ll;O ,ll;YXOBHOrO CTaHy. III;o6 3a6e3ne'liHTH MaH:6yTHe cBoiH: cnpaai, o. BocKo not.J:aB .n;yMaTH npo 3acHyBaHH.H no6ojfmoro ToBapHCTBa ca. c:t>paHn;icKa CaJihChKOro, .HKe 6yJio 6 y3aKoHeHe .HK .n;yxoBHOIO, TaK i ,n;epmaBHOIO BJia,D;OIO Ta MOrJIO nip;TpHMyBaTH p03IlOt.J:aTy HHM npan;IO. Y TiH cnpaBi Bi.n;6yB 1858 poKy pa30M 3 O,ll;HHM 6orOCJIOBOM ,D;O PnMa, .n;e 6yB JiacKaBo npHHH.HTHH caMHM IIanoiO IIieM IX, .HKHH .n;yme npHXHJihHO npHHH.HB i.n;eiO TOBapHCTBa. li,IO ip;eiO o6rOBOpHB o. BocKo B PnMi TaKom 3 iHIIIHMH u;epKOBHHMH .n;ocTOHHHKaMH i 3 HaHKpai.I.J;HMH BpaJKeHHHMH H cnop;iBaHH.HMH BepHyBC.H ,D;O CBOIX IOHaKiB, .HKi 3YCTpiJIH HOrO 3 HeBHMOBHOIO pa.n;iCTIO. Y 1864 pou;i o. BocKo 3Hic 6araTo npHKpoi.I.J;iB Bi.n; .n;epmaBHHX l.{HHOBHHKiB, .HKi t.Iepe3 cpaJibiiiHBi ,D;OHOCH epeTHKiB i JIIO,ll;eH, aopomnx IJ;epKBi, ni.n;o3piOBaJIH o. BocKo B aHTH.n;epmaBHiii: ,ll;i.HJihHOCTi, HaCHJiaiOt.J:H Ha HhOrO Ta HOrO IOHaKiB nOJiiiJ;iiO ,ll;Jl.H o6IIIyKiB i ,n;onnTiB, I.I.J;O TPHBaJIH no KiJibKa ro.n;HH. Ili.n; "IaC u;nx Henopo3yMiHh 0. BoCKO 36epiraB BeJIHKHH CITOKiH i Bi):IBary, HaBiTh ryMop. II1;o6 nOKJiaCTH Kpaif: yciM THM Heno.n;o6CTBaM, o. BocKo 11iiiiOB .n;o MiHicTepcTBa BHyTpiiiiHix cnpaB. ,[(oarnH: qac .H:oro 'i'y.n;n He .n;onycKaJIH, aJie o. BocKo ,ll;JI.H .n;o6pa MOJio.n;i 3HOCHB TepneJIHBO pi3Hi npHHHJKeHH.H, no KiJihKa rO,ll;HH I.I.J;O,ll;eHHO t.J:eKaiOqn y npn.H:MaJihHi caoel qeprn. HapeiiiTi .n;o6HBC.H no6aqeHH.H 3 MiHicTpoM BHYTPiiiiHix cnpaB. Y cBoi:ii: po3MOBi o. BocKo 6e3 HaH:MeHIIIOI 6o.H3Hi ai.n;KH.n;aa yci ancyHyTi 3BHHyBa'lleHH.H, a KOJIH Toii: xoTiB 3aJI.HKaTH H:oro yB'.H3HeHH.HM, o. BocKo ai.n;noBiB: - fl He 60IOC.H Hiqoro, I.I.J;O MOrJIH 6 3p06HTH MeHi JIIO,ll;H 3a Te, I.I.J;O .H roaopiO npaB.n;y; .H 6oiOc.H TiJihKH Bomoro cy.n;y, KOJIH 6 .H cKa3aB 6pexmo. A BTiM, BH Ha,ll;TO n;iHyeTe cnpaBe.n;JIHBiCTh, I.I.J;06 yB' .H3HHTH HeBHHHoro rpoMa,D;.HHHHa, .HKHH Bnpo.n;oBm 20 poKiB JKHBe i npan;IOe .n;JI.H .n;o6pa 6JIHJKHhoro.

- A .HK6H .H TaKH 3po6HB u;e?

- flKI.I.J;O BH Bl.{HHeTe npOTH MeHe HaCHJIJI.H, npeca 3HaTHMe npo n;e, .H nOKJIHt.J:Y TenepiiiiHe H Mai1:6yTH€: nOKOJiiHH.H, I.I.J;06 po3cy.n;nJio Hac; Heri.n;He Ha.n;ymHTT.H BJia,ll;OIO 6y.n;e ocy.n;meHe. A cnpaBe):IJIHBHH i BceMoryTHiii: Bor o6opoHHTh nepecJii.n;yBaHy HeBHHHiCTh. - 0Tt.J:e BocKo, BH, Ma6yTh, 6omeBiJihHi, .HK BH 3MoJKeTe 3BepHyTHC.H ,ll;O npeCH, .HKI.I.J;O 6y.n;eTe B TIOpMi? - .fl Cno.n;iBaiOC.H, I.I.J;O KOJIH MeHe 3'a6epyTh ,ll;O B'.H3HHD;i, BH He Bi,ll;MOBHTe MeHi B nepi Ta 'liOpHHJii; Ta .HKI.I.J;O no36aBHTe MeHe

170

31

Ci'IHSI

H IJ;HX peqel1:, HaBiTb i :>KHTTSI, TO 3HaH~YTbCSI iHIIIi CBi~KH, SIKi :u;e apo6JISITb aa MeHe. IIi~ qac Tiel Ha~aBHqaliHo'i poaMOBH BBiliiiioB ~o KaH:u;eJISipil rrpeaH~eHT MiHicTpiB KaByp, KOJIHIIIHii1: ~HpHI1: rrpHXHJibHHRe o. BocKo, SIKHH Terrep qepea HaKJierrH BoporiB KaTOJIHIJ;hKoi: CIIpaBH rroqaB rri~03piJIO CTaBHTHCSI ,1:10 HbOPO. Y p03MOBi 3 HHM o. BocKo HacTiJihKH rrepeKOHJIHBo ,~:~oBiB Heo6rpyHToBaHicTb 3aKH,I:IiB IIpOTH HbOPO, ~0 BpeiiiTi-peiiiT 06H~Ba MiHiCTpH: BHpiiiiifJIH 3aJIHIIIHTH 0. BoCKO Ta HOrO MOJIIfTOBHi B CIIOKOK>, a Ha rrpo~aHHSI npeM'ep KaByp rrorrpocHB HaBiTh o. BocKo MOJIHTHCSI aa Hboro. B~aJiocSI CBSI~eHH:KY rrepeMorTH: 11: iHIIIH:X rrpOTHBHHKiB 3 MiHiCTepCTBa, SIKi 3rO,I:IOM 3HOBY npo6yBaJIH 3HH~HTH I1:oro crrpaBy. A6H: CBi TCbKa BJI~a He MaJia HiSIKifX rrpeTeH3iH ~0 OCBiTH JOHaKiB, o. BocKo rrocTapaBcSI, ~o6 I1:oro CBSI~eHHKH 11: cTy~eHTH, Mai1:6yTHi BqHTeJii, MaJIH yHiBepcHTeTChKi HayKoBi cTyneHi. KoJIH: :u;e lioMy B~aJiocSI, o. BocKo BHpiiiiHB aacHyBaTH cBili rrepiiiHH caJie3iSIHChKHH ,~:~iM 3a MemaMH TopiHo, a TaKom cTaB aaBi.n;yBaTH ,ll;yxoBHOIO ceMiHapiero.

Y TOR qac a6y~yBaB o. BocKo ~pyry rapHy :u;epKBY Ha qecTb Bomoi: MaTepi. IJoqaB 6y~yBaTH 11 a JIK>6oB'IO ~o J.fapil 11: H~iero Ha Bome IIpoBH~iHHSI, 6o KOIIITiB He MaB. KoJIH rroqaB 6y~yBaTH, MaB y KHIIIeHi 40 COTHKiB! Ta OIIiCJISI 3HaHIIIJIHCSI ~o6pi JIIO~H, ~0 .n;aJIH Ha 6y.n;oBy IIOTpi6Hi IIO:>KepTByBaHHSI. I..Il;o6 IIOIIIHpHTH CIIaCeHHY npau;ro OIIiKH Ha.n; MOJIO)l;)l;JO, o . BocKo aacHyBaB TaKom 3rpoMa.n;meHHSI ,[J;oqoK Mapil IIoMiqHH:u;i. Ti CecTpH CaJieaiSIHKH Be~yTh TaKy caMy rrpau;ro Mim ~iBqaTaMH, SIK l..JHH OT:u;iB CaJie3iSIH - cepe,~:~ xJiorru;iB ..

KpiM TH:X ~Box ~yxoBHHX arpoMa~meHb, 3acHyBaB ~e o. BocKo 1876 poKy TpeTiii HOBHH qHH- IIo6omHe ToBapHCTBO CaJie3iSIHCbKHX CniBpo6iTHHKiB. l..JJieHH Tiel opraHi3au;il rrpau;ero H rpOIIIOBifMH IIO:>KepTBaMH, MOJIHTBOJO i IIOIIIHpeHHSIM i~el CB. IBaHa BocKo rrpo~oBmyK>Tb ~e if Terrep BeJIHKY crrpaBy cBoro CB. 3aCHOBHHKa. 0. IBaH BocKo 6araTo apo6HB, ~e 6iJihiiie TeprriB. YToMJieHHH BeJIHKOKl npau;ero, Bi~qyB, ~0 Ha6JIH:>KaeTbCSI iforo OCTaHHiH ~eHb mHTTSI Ha 3eMJii. ,ll;HSI 29 ciqHSJ:, B CBSITO c:I>paH:u;icKa CaJibCbKoro, roJIOBHoro orriKyHa TOBapH:CTBa, rrpHHHSIB cB. TaliHH, a 31 ciqHSJ:, KOJIH .n;aBOHH B u;epKBi Bomo'i MaTepi IloMiqHH:u;i aarpanH xopaJI "Boropo~H:u;e ,ll;iBo", a IIpeocBSI~eHHHii KaJiiepo, rrepiiiHH caJie3iSIHCbKHH MiCiOHep i eiiHCKOII, npoKa3yBaB MOJIHTBY "BHH~H, xpHCTHSI~ChKa ~yiiie ... ", o. lBaH BocKo, 6aThKO CHpiT, orriKyH y6orHX i aiiOCTOJI IOHaiJ;TBa Bi.n;iifiiiOB 3 u;ie'i )l;OJIHHH CJii3 )l;O He6a,

171

31

CiYHR

IQ06 TaM "tJ:eKaTH cBoi:x CHHiB. CBOlO crraceHHY rrJ'a~lO aaKiH"tJ:HB c.JiaBHHH ,n;oH BocKo Ha 73 po~i :>KHTT.H. "IloMep CB.HTHii", - roBopH.JIH rrpo o. BocKo. ll,epKBa ,n;oK.Jia,n;HO IIpOC.Jii,n;H.Jia iforo :>KHTT.H, rrpa~IO Ta "tleCHOTH. IliC.JI.H peTe.JibHOro BHB"tJ:eHH.H rrpHaHa"tJ:eHolO KOMicielO crrpaBH o. BocKo, 1929 poKy Ilarra nporo.JIOCHB iioro B.Jia:meHHHM, a 1934 poKy CB.HTHM. ,Il;oH BocKo - ~e HOBiTHiii CB.HTHH. floro :>KHTT.H, poarro"tJ:aTe B y6oaTBi if yKpHTTi, a arudH"tJ:eHe cepe.n; Be.JIHKoi: ca.Jieai.HHCbKOl opraHiaa~ii:, e cBi,n;"tJ:eHH.HM Toro, ~o CH.Jia BCeMoryTHhoro Bora He aMa.Jii.Jia B Ham 1:1ac, a .n;ie B .JilO,n;.Hx, .HKi Bip.HTh B He'i, .n;ae CIIpOMOry po6HTH CIIpaBH IIOHa,n; lXHi IIpHpO,n;Hi CH.JIH. :fKHTTH CB.IBaHa BocKo- ~e KapTHHa HaO"tJ:Horo ,n;i.HHHH Bo:moro IIpoBH,n;iHH.H. ll,.H .JIIO,ll;HHa B"tiHTb HaC, HK MO:>KHa Ta .HK Tpe6a Ha,Ai.HTHC.H Ha .n;o6poro He6ecHoro OT~H. IHirmii Ba:>K.JIHBHH MOMeHT :>KHTT.H o. BocKo - ~e BHXOBaHHH MO.Jio,n;i. .HK~o 6a:maeMo, ~o6 .JilO,n;H iim.JIH "tJ:eCHOlO .n;oporo10 :>KHTT.H, MYCHMO 3BepHyTH OC06.JIHBY yBary HaTe, ~06 cy"tJ:aCHY MO.JIO,ll;b HaB"tJ:HTH CIIpaB:>KHiX XpHCTH.HHCbKHX "tleCHOT, II.JieKaTH B HiM ,n;o6pHH, KaTO.JIH~bKHH xapaKTep, a O,ll;HO"tJ:aCHO- ,n;aTH lH Bi,n;noBi,n;HHit:$ax "tiM peMec.Jio. ll,iii crrpaBi Bi,n;,n;aB o. BocKo 50 .JiiT cBoro :>KHTT.H. floro repoiicbKa rrpa~H Terrep KaHoHiaoBaHa XpHCTOBHM HaMiCHHKOM. CB.HTHii ,n:oBiB Ha rrpaKTH~i, ~o 1:1acTe cB. IlpH"tlaCT.H ,n:.JI.H MO.JIO,n;i CIIpH.H€ "tJ:HCTOMy MOpa.JibHOMy :>KHTTlO, a,n::me IlpeCB.HTa €BxapHCTi.H - ~e HaMKpa~a IIO:>KHBa H .JiiK ,ll;.Jl.H lOHa~bKHX 6ypx.JIHBHX cep,n:e~b. ,Il;oKaaoM Toro, ~o o. BocKo aHaiimoB rrpaBH.JibHHH m.JI.HX, e Te, ~o iioro i.n;e10 rrepeiiH.H.JIH y cBiTi 6.JIH3hKO 20 000 ca.Jieai.HH i ca.Jie3i.HHOK, IIiBMi.JibHOHa CBiTCbKHX oci6 i COTHi BH,n;aBHH~TB. TaeMHH~.H Ha,A3BH"tJ:aiiHoro ycrrixy ,n;oHa BocKo B TOMY, ~o BiH .Jil06HB Bora rroHa,A yce, a 6.JIH:>KHboro- .HK caMoro ce6e.

JIIOTliH 1

JIIOToro

CBHTHH TPH«<>OH Y ceJii KaMncn.n;i B MaJii:H: A3i'i :amJia xpncTMRHCbKa po.n;nHa B6ornx ceJIRH. ByB y HMX CMH TpmpoH, RKMH maB TOBapnrna Pecni:u;iR. TpncpoH 6yB TaKMM no6omHMM, I.U;O Bme B MOJio,n;oMy Bi:u;i Bor .n;aB :H:oMy JiacKy TBopeHHR qy.n;ec. CBoero rnecTn.n;eHHOIO MOJIMTBOIO 3BiJihHMB Bi)J; 3JIOro .n;yxa )J;Ot.IKY iMnepaTopa rop.n;iR. KoJIM 3a iMnepaTopa ,II;eKiR HacTaJio KpMBaBe nepecJii.n;yBaHHR xpncTMRH, noraHM .n;oHeCJIM HaMiCHMKOBi BiTMHil AKBMJIMHOBi, I.U;O TpncpoH i Pecni:u;i:H: He Bi.n;.n;aroTb qecTi noraHChKMM 6omKaM, TiJihKM noKJIOHHIDThCH XpncToBi. AKBMJIMH HaKa3aB npnBeCTM o6ox roHaKiB, 3aKYTMX y Kaii:.n;aHM, ,n;o MicTa HiKoMi,n;il Ta BKMHY™ .n;o B'H3HM:u;i. KoJIM npnBeJIM 'ix .n;o Hhoro Ha cy.n;, BiH nicJIR BCTYTIHMX TIMTaHb TIO"l!aB norpomyBaTM no6paTMMaM BOrHeM. 06n,n;Ba IDHaKM Bi.n;noBiJIM, I.U;O He 6oRTbCR BorHro :H: 6amaroTh 6yTM cnaJieHMMM 3a XpncTa. To.n;i cy.n;.n;R cKa3aB .n;o TpncpoHa: - Pa.n;my To6i npnHecTM mepTBY 6oraM, 6o 6at.Iy, I.U;O TM MOJIO)l;MH TiJIOM i )J;OCKOHaJIMH po3yMOM, TOMY He XOt.Iy, I.U;06 TM 3aBt.IaCHO BMep. flK He Tii,ll;KOpMIIICR iMnepaTOpCbKOMY 3aKOHOBi, TBO€ TiJIO Bi.n;.n;aM BOrHlO. HaTe CB. TpncpoH Bi.n;noBiB: - Tn norpomyern MeHi BOrHeM, I.U;O KiHt.IMTbCR noneJIOM, a R BaM, HeBipHMM, TIOrpomyro BOrHeM HeBracaiOt.IMM, Bit.IHMM. Bi.n;cTynn Bi.Il MapHOTM :H: ni3Ha:i1: Bora, m;o6 TM He noTpannB y TOM Bi t.IHMH oroHh. 173

ntOToro Komi AKBHJIHH HaKa3aB IX M~HTH li 3aJii3HHMH KirTJIMH ,D;pJIIIaTH IXH8 TiJIO, BOHH caMi p03,D;JirHyJIHCJI Ta 3HOCHJIH MYKH TPH ro,D;HHH 6e3 CMYTKY li HapiKaHHJI. Jinrne iHKOJIH Bi,D;KPHBaJIH CBOI ycTa, roBopJil.IH rrpo Bomy BCeMoryTHiCTb i

Ti KapH, I.IJ;O

l.IeKaiOTb i,D;oJiorroKJIOHHHKiB. HaMicHHK He 6paB co6i Toro ,D;O cepn;JI, rrepepBaB cy,D; i BH6paBcJI Ha JIOBH. A o6ox xpHCTHJIHCbKHX IOHaKiB 3BeJiiB TpHMaTH Ha MOp03i, Bi,D; l.J:OrO IIOTpiCKaJIH IM HOrH. BepHyBIIIHCb 3 rroJIIOBaHHJI rri3HO BHOl.J:i, AKBHJIHH HaKa3aB rrpHBeCTH xpHCTHJIH ,D;O ce6e i crrHTaB IX: -

.ffK BH, l.J:H He IIOMy,D;piiiiaJIH?

CB. TpmpoH Bi,D;rroBiB: -

HarrpaB,D;y, I.IJ;06 rroMy,D;pirnaTH, MH HeBrrHHHO TPY,D;HMOCJI,

rroKJIOHJIIOl.J:HCb e,D;HHOMY BoroBi. HaMiCHHK cTaB 3HOBY rrorpomyBaTH IM 6araTbMa MyKaMH, a 路orricJIJI Bi,D;icJiaB ,D;O B'JI3HHn;i,

I.IJ;06 o,D;yMaJIHCJI.

KoJIH

m

y

11pH3Hal.J:eHHI1 l.J:aC rrpHBeJIH XJIOIII.J;iB 3HOBY ,D;O HbOrO, a BOHH 3aJIBHJIH, I.IJ;O :>KO,D;Ha JIIO,D;HHa He B CHJii 3aXHTaTH IX y CB. Bipi, ARBHJIHH po3rHiBaBCJI li HaKa3aB o6oM rroB6HBaTH I.J;BJIXH B cTyrrHi Hir Ta BOJIOl.J:HTH no MicTy. XJiorru;i TiJibKH 3arreBHJIJIH M~HTeJiiB, I.IJ;O IM Ti I.J;BJIXH cJiy:>KaTb Jiirrrne 3a B3YTTJI. OrricJIJI 3BeJiiB mopcTOKHH cy,D;,D;JI po3,D;JirHyTH IX, 3B'JI3aTH li 6nl.IyBaTH ,D;OTH, ,D;OKH He B'lOMJIJITbCJI KaTH,

a

IIOTiM p03IIIaprryBaTH TiJIO

3aJii3HHMH KirTJIMH Ta o6cMaJIIOBaTH 60KH ropiOl.IHMH CMOJIOCKHrraMH. Ili,D; l.Iac Tiel MYKH JIBHBCJI M~eHHKaM Bomnli aHreJI, OCBiTHBIIIH IX He6eCHHM CBiTJIOM i

IIOKJiaBIIIH IM Ha rOJIOBH

rrperapHi KOpOHH. Ilo6al.J:HBIIIH u;e, MYl.J:HTeJii rrorra,D;aJIH, JIK MepTBi, Ha aeMJIIO,

a

Tpn<PoH i

Pecrriu;ili 3i cTpaxy rrepe,D;

rreKeJibHOIO CIIOKyCOIO, rri,D;HeCJIH Ol.J:i ,D;O He6a i

MOJIHJIHCJI:

"rocrro,D;H, lcyce XpncTe, Hexali ,D;HJIBOJI He rrepeMome Hac, ane BHCJiyXaH HaC Ta ,D;aH HaM ,D;06pe ,D;OKiHl.J:HTH Haiii 6ir, 6opRCb 3a Hac i

rrepeMomn!" HeMHJiocep,D;HHH cy,D;,D;JI rrpo,D;oBmyBaB IX

M~HTH, a BOHH MY:>KHbO TeprriJIH. OrricJIJI HaKa3aB Bi,D;BeCTH IX 3HOBY ,D;o B'JI3HHn;i i

rrpHBeCTH ,D;O ce6e HacTyrrHoro ,D;HJI. To,D;i

IOHaKH CKa3aJIH M~HTeJieBi OCTaHH8 CJIOBO: "IlOBTOpl08MO I.IJ;e pa3: MH rrpocJiaBJIJieMo H 6oiMOCb TiJibKH rrpaB,D;HBoro :>KHBoro Bora, JIKHH Ha He6i". 3a Te 6HJIH IX ,D;OBro 6Hl.J:aMH 3 rrpHB' JI3aHHM OJIOBOM. Ta :>KO,D;Hi MYKH He MOrJIH 3JiaMaTH IIOCTiHHOCTi CB. M~e颅 HHKiB. IIepeMo:>KeHHH AKBHJIHH HaKa3aB BpernTi Bi,D;py6aTH ;. TpmpoHoBi li Pecrriu;ieBi roJIOBH. CBJITi IOHaKH oxol.Ie Bi,D;,D;aJIH KaTOBi CBOI rOJIOBH, a XpHCTOBi -

CBOI ,D;yiiii. JxHi CBJITi MOI.IJ;i

rrepeHeCJIH 3rO,D;OM ,D;O 8pycaJIHMa, a 3Bi,D;TH -

174

,D;O PnMa.

2 niOTOro

CTPITEHH.H rOCIIO,ll;A HAIDOrO ICYCA XPJICTA Y CTapoMy 3arroBiTi ~e 3 qaciB CB. rrpopoKa MoH:ce.H 6yB TaKH:H: BomHH: 3aKoH, ~o 3a6opoH.HB i3pa1JibT.HHKaM ITiCJI.H Hapo,n;meHH.H ,l(HTHHH: BlipO,li;OBJK KOHKpeTHOrO qacy BHXO,l(HTH Mim JilO,l(H i ,l(OTOpKaTHCb peqeif, rrocB.H'IeHHX Bory, 6o miHKH: BBamaJIHC.H HetiHCTHMH:. CopoKOBoro ,l(H.H rricJI.H Hapo,n;meHH.H XJIOITI.J;.H, a BiCiM,l(eC.HTOrO rriCJI.H Hapo,n;meHH.H ,n;iB'IHHH KOJKHa MaTH MaJia ITpHHeCTH ,l(O ,l(Bepeif CB.HTHHi O,l(HOpi'IHe .HrH.H Ha I.J;iJiorraJibHY mepTBY .HK 3HaK rrpH3HaHH.H Ha,n; co6o10 HaifBH~o1 Bomo1 BJia,n;H Ta rro,n;HKY 3a ~acJIHBHH rropi,n;, a ro.11y6a a6o CHHhoropJIHI.J;lO - Ha mepT_ BY 3a rpixH. IIicJI.H I.J;boro miHKa BBa:a<:aJiac.H OtiH:r.Q'eHolO. Y6ori JilO,l(H MOrJIH rrpHHeCTH ,l(Ba roJiy6H a6o ,l(Bi CHHbOrOpJIHI.J;i, O,l(Hy - Ha mepTBY I.J;iJIOITaJieHH.H, ,n;pyry- Ha mepTBY 3a rpixH. KoJIH Boma MaTH rropo,n;HJia lcyca XpHcTa, BOHa He 6y.11a 3060B'.H3aHa Bi,n;6yBaTH TaKoro O'IH~eHH.H, 60 He 6y.11a 3BH'laHHOlO miHKOlO H: rricJI.H Hapo,n;meHH.H Icyca BORa 3aJIHIDH:Jiac.H IIpe'IHCTOlO ,ll;iBmo; Ta ocKiJihKH JilO,l(H He 3HaJIH rrpo 11 ,n;iBO'le MaTepHHCTBO 'Iepe3 ,n;i.HHH.H CB.HToro ,IJ;yxa, TO Mapi.H rroKipHo • BHKOHaJia u;eif 3aKOH, 60 BipHJia, ~0 TaKHM 'IHHOM lipOCJiaBHTb Bora.

Pa3oM 3 o6p.H,n;OM O'm~eHH.H crroBHH:Jia Mapi.H ~e H: ,n;pyrH:H: 3aKOH, 3a .HKHM KOJKHOrO rrepBOpO,l(HOrO CHHa Tpe6a 6y.110 rrpHHeCTH ,n;o CB.HTHHi Ta rromepTByBaTH Bory, a orricJI.H BHKYITH:TH 3a rr'HTh rporneH: (cH:KJiiB). Icycy XpHcTy, BomoMy CHHOBi, He liOTpi6HO 6y.110 BHKOHyBaTH 'IHCTO JilO,l(CbKHX 3aKOHiB, Ta BiH crroBHHB TOM: rrpHrrHc, ~o6 ,n;aTH BCiM HaM BeJIHKHH rrpHKJia,n; rroKopH, rroc.11yxy, rro6omHocTi Ta rromepTBH Bory ,n;JI.H Moro rrpocJiaBH H: crraciHH.H JIK>,l(CbKoro po,n;y.

Y TOH 'lac 36yJiacb Harrepe,n; rrepe,n;6atieHa 3ycTpi'l XpHcTa 3 rrpaBe,n;HHM CHMeOHOM. ToM: rraM'.HTHH:H ,n;eHb orrH:cye HaM ,n;oKJia,n;HO CB. eBaHre.n:icT JlyKa: "! .HK CliOBHH:JIHC.H ,l(Hi O'IH~eHH.H

175

2 ntaToro

i:xHhoro, aa aaKOHOM Monce.H, BOHH rrpnBeJIH :H:o,.o B €pycannM TIOCTaBHTH rrepe~ rocrro~OM, .fiK TO HaTIHCaHO B rocrro~HbOMY 3aKOHi: "KmKHHH XJIOTieD;b, rrepBOpO~HHH, 6y~e TIOCB.H"LieHHH rocrro~eBi", i TipHHeCTH mepTBY, .fiK TO HaiiHCaHO B rociiOk HhOMy aaKoHi: "Ilapy ropJIHD;h a6o ~BO£ roJiy6eH.HT". A 6yB B €pycaJIHMi "LIOJIOBiK Ha iM' .H CnMeoH; "LIOJioBiK Ton, rrpaBe~HHH Ta rro6omHnii:, o"LiiKyBaB yTixn Iapai:JI.H, i ,[(yx CB.HTHn 6yB Ha HhOMy. HoMy 6yJio Bi~KPHTO CB.HTHM ,[(yxoM, II.:(O He 6a"LIHTHMe cMepTi rreprn, Him rro6a"LIHTh XpncTa rocrro~a. BiH rrpnfl:rnoB ,[(yxoM y xpaM. I .HK 6aTbKH BHOCHJIH ~HT.H-Icyca, II.:(06 y-qHHHTH Ha~ HHM 3a 3aKOHHHM 3BH"l!a£M, BiH Y3.HB MOrO Ha pyKH, 6JiarocJIOBHB Bora n MOBHB: "HnHi, BJIMHKO, Momern Bi~rrycTHTH CJiyry TBOrO 3a TBOlM CJIOBOM y MHpi, 60 MOl O"'Ii 6a"tiHJIH TBO£ ~rraciHH.H, II.:(O TH rrpnroTyBaB rrepe~ yciMa napo~aMn; cBiTJIO na rrpocBiTy rroraHaM, i cJiaBy TBoro mo~y - Iapai:JI.H." BaThKO fl:oro i MaTH 3~HByBaJIHC.fl TOMy, II.:(O rOBOpHJIOC.fl IIpO HhOrO. CnMeOH me 6JiarocJIOBHB IX i CKa3aB ~0 noro MaTepi Mapil: "Ocb :u;en rrocTaBJieHHH ~JI.fl rra~iHH.fl n rri~H.HTT.fl 6araThox B Iapai:Jii; BiH 6y~e 3HaKoM rrpoTHpi"LI"LI.H, Ta :H: To6i caMiH Me"LI rrpornn£ ~yrny, II.:(06 Bi~KpHJIHCh ~YMKH 6araThOX cep~e:o;b". ByJia Taxom i AHna, rrpOJXl"LIHD;.H, ~O"l!Ka ct>aHyi:Jia a rroKoJiiHH.fl Acepa; BOHa 6yJia BeJibMH IIOXHJia BiKOM i mHJia ciM poKiB 3 "LIOJIOBiKOM Bi~ ~iByBaHH.fl CBOro; 30CTaBIIIHC.fl B~OBOIO am ~0 BiCiM~eC.HT "l!eTBepTOrO poKy, BOHa He Bi~XO~HJia Bi~ xpaMy, CJiyma"LIH (BoroBi) BHO"'Ii i B~eHb IIOCTOM Ta MOJIHTBOIO. I HMiHIIIJia BOHa Tie! caMoi: ro~HHH :H: rro"LiaJia rrpocJiaBJI.HTH Bora Ta roBopHTH IIpO HbOrO BciM, II.:(O "tieKaJIH BH3BOJieHH.fl €pycaJIHMa" (JIK 2:22-

38). ,[(o EBaHreJibCbKOrO OIIOBi~aHH.fl IIpO rociiO~H£ CTpiTeHH.fl :o;epKOBHe rrepe~aHH.fl ~O~a£, II.:(O CB.HII.:(eHHK 3axapi.H, .fiKHH 6yB To~i y xpaMi, BBiBIIIH ~o CB.HTHHi Ilpe"LIHCTY ,[(iBy Mapiro 3 IcycoM, IIOCTa.BHB ll He TaM, ~e, 3BH"l!aaMHO, CTO.fiJIH miHKH, .HKi IIpHXO~HJIH O"LIHCTHTHCh, aHa Mic:u;i, rrpH3Ha"LieHoMy ~JI.fl ~iBHD;h, KY~H miHKH He MOrJIH BXO~HTH. IJ;e BHKJIHKaJIO o6ypeHH.fl KHHmHHKiB, peBHHTeJiiB 3aKOHy, II.:(O 6a"LIHJIH B D;bOMY rropyrneHH.fl 3aKOHHOrO rrop.H~Ky. Ilpo :u;e roBOpHTb CB. rpnropi:H: HichKHH: "IIpocBi"LieHHH BomHM ,[(yxoM Ta 3HaiO"LIH Ta£MHHD;IO ~iBHD;TBa, HeHapyrneHoro "'Hapo~meHH.HM, 3axapi.H He ycyHyB MaTepi-,I:(iBH B xpaMi 3 Mic:o;.H, IIpH3Ha"l!eHOrO 3aKOHOM ~iBaM, i IIOB"l!HB lO~elB, II.:(O JilO~CbKa rrpHpo~a n yce TBopnBo rri~BJia~He CBOEMY TBop:o;eBi Ta II.:(O BiH BOJio~i£ HHM, a ne Bono TBop:u;eM; TOMY :H:oro BOJieiO 6yJio rroKa3aTH HOBHH crroci6 Hapo~meHH.fl, II.:(O ne rrepernKO~HB MaTepi 3aJIHIIIHTHC.fl ,[(iBOIO".

176

3

JliOTOro

Ilo,D,i.H npimeceHH.H lcyca AO CB.HTHHi Bomoro MaTip'ID Hara,D,ye HaM o6p.H,D, XpHCTH.HHCbKOI'O "BHBO,D,y", KOJIH Hami XpHCTH.HHCbKi MaTepi npHHOC.HTb CBOlX HOBOHapo,D,meHHX ,D,iTeH ,ll,O :u;epKBH, ,D,e Bi,D,6yBaeTI>C.H :u;epKOBHe 6JiarocJioBeHH.H MaTepi :H AHTHHH. MaTH 3 ,ll,HTHHOIO BXO)J,.HTb ,ll,O :u;epKBH, CB.H~eHHK IIpHBO,ll,HTb lX ,ll,O TeTpaiiO,D,y, MaTH CTae HaBKOJiiillKH, a CB.H~eHHK MOJIHTbC.H, 6JiarocJIOBHTb i:x Ta KporrHTb cB.H~eHo:EO BO,D,OIO. TaKHM o6p.H,D,OM BHBO,D,y CB. QepKBa BH.HBJI.He IIOIIIaHy miHD;i, .HKa B ~eCHOMY xpncTH.HHCbKOMY rro,D,pymmi rropo,D,nJia HoBoro Bomoro cJiyry.

KoJin xpHCTH.HHCbKa miHKa npnxo,D,HTb nicJI.H Hapo,D,meHH.H ,D,HTHHH rrepiiiHH pa3 ,ll,O :u;epKBH, TO CIIOBH.H€ o6oB' .H30K B)J,.H~HOCTi BoroBi 3a Te, ~o ,D,aB Hi: JiacKy ~acJIHBO ,D,im,D,aTHC.H AHTHHH, BH,D,ymaTH :H 3HOBY rrpHHTH AO Bomoro ,D,OMY. To,D,i ~aCJIHBa MaTH 3a rrpnKJia,D,OM Bomo'i MaTepi rroBHHHa rromepTByBaTH Bory Te ,ll,HT.H, .HKHM 06,D,apyBaB ll rociiO,D,b, i Cep,D,e~HO IIpOCHTH n;pHHH.HTH :u;e ,D,HT.H 3a CBOe, a lH IIOMir BHXOBaTH HOI'O ,D,JI.H He6a.

8 B Hac ~e iHmH:H 3BH~a:H, rroB'.HaaHHH 3i CB.HTOM XpHCTOBoro CTpiTeHH.H, - 6JiarocJioBeHH.H cBi~oK. IJ;e:H o6p.H,D, Hara,D,ye HaM, ~o lcyc XpncToc, cBiTJio Bi,n; cBiTJia, B ,n;eHb npnHeceHH.H B epycaJIHMCbKOI'O xpaMy rrepiiiHH pa3 o6'.HBHB ce6e rrpHJIIO,l.IHO .HK "cBiTJIO Ha o6' .HBJieHH.H noraHaM". A Hac :u;eii o6p.HA B~HTb, Bee cBoe mHTT.H BipHo HTH cJii,D,oM aa IcycoM Xp~oM, .HKHH CBOlM IIpHKJia)J,OM i HayKOIO OCBiTJIIO€ ,D,Opory HaiiiOI'O jKHTT.H; TOAi He 3i:H,D,eMo Ha MaHiB:u;i, a npocTo :H BrreBHeHo HTHMeMo ,n;opororo cnaciHH.H. IIo6omHi rrpaBoBipHi MaiOTb 3BH~aii 6eperTH rrocB.H~eHi Ha CTpiTeHH.H cBi~KH no cBoi:x ,n;oMax i cBiTHTH 'ix y pi3HHX rroTpe6ax 3 Biporo :H Ha,D,iero, ~o Bar ,D,aCTb 1M 6amaHe ,D,o6po i B6epeme BiA HeiD;aCT.H. Qe ,D,i€TbC.H, 3BH~aHHO, He CHJIOIO CBi~OK, a ~epe3 • MOJIHTBY CB. IJ;epKBH :H rro6omHiCTb THX, .HKi KopncTaiOTb 3 :u;epKOBHHX 6Jial'OCJIOBeHb. 3

CB.HTI CHMEOH I

JilOTOI"'

r AHHA

HacTyrrHoro J.IH.H rricJI.H CB.HTa XpncTOBoro CTpiTeHH.H CB. QepKBa 3aKJIHKa€ BciX BipHHX OKpeMO Bi,D,,D,aTH ~eCTb rrpaBe,D,HOMY CnMeOHOBi H npopo~n:u;i raHHi, .HKi Ha,D,3BH~aHHHM crroco6oM 6yJIH BH6paHi BoroM, ~o6 y ,D,Hi CTpiTeHH.H rrpocJiaBHTH Icyca XpncTa, CnacnTeJI.H cBiTy i poaHecTn BicTKY rrpo Hnoro THM no6omHHM iapai:JibT.HHaM, .HKi o~iKyBaJIH rrpnxo,n;y Mecil.

•

177

3

JliOTOfO

Ilpo rrpaBe,ll;Haro CnMeaHa, y eB. €BaHreJii.Hx Hiqoro He eKa3aHO Hi rrpo MOra IIOXO,ll;meHH.H, Hi rrpo MOra 3BaHH.H; TiJibKH u;epKOBHi rrieHi Ha3HBaiOTb MOra eB.H~eHHKOM i HaBiTb eB.HTHTeJieM, .HKHH rrpnHoenB 3aKOHHi mepTBH. Ta e rrepe,ll;aHH.H, rn;o CnMeaH .HK O,ll;HH 3 yqeHHX JIIO,ll;e:H: eBoro qaey 6yB O,ll;HHM 3 70 rrepeKJia,ll;aqiB, .HKi ,ll;OeKoHaJio 3HaJIH eBpeiiei>KY :H: rpeu;I>KY MOBH Ta Ha 6amaHH.H ernrreTebKaro u;ap.H IITaJieMe.H <l>nJia,ll;eJI<Pa, 3aeHOBHHKa eJiaBHOl OJieKeaH,ll;pinebKOl 6i6JiiOTeKH, rrepeKJia,ll;aJIH KHHrH CTaporo 3arroBiTy 3 eBpeiiebKO'i MOBH rpeu;I>KOIO. CnMeaHaBi BHrraJio rrepeKJia,ll;aTH KHnry rrpopoKa leal. KoJIH BiH ,ll;iHIIIOB ,!1;0 Mieu;.H, ,ll;e raBOpHTbe.H: "Oeb ,ll;iBa 3aqaJia, i rropO,ll;HTb eHHa" (Ie 7:14), BiH eTaB eyMHiBaTHeb y rrpaBHJibHOeTi HarrneaHoro, i, ,ll;yMaroqn, rn;o u;e rraMHJIKa rreperrneyBaqa, xoTiB eJIOBO ",ll;iBa" 3aMiHHTH eJIOBOM "miHKa" a6o "3aMimH.H miHKa".

Ta Heerro,ll;iBaHO 3'.HBHBe.H aHreJI roerrO,ll;HiH, 3aTpHMaB :H:oro PYKY i eKa3aB: "Bip y Te, rn;o HarrneaHo; TH Ha BJiaeHi oqi rro6aqniii erraBHeHH.H Taro He3pa3yMiJioro rrpopou;TBa". CnMeoH yme He po6nB mo,ll;Ha'i 3MiHH B rrepeKJia,ll;i, aJie 3 Biporo B Bomy o6iTHHIJ;IO II060mHO qeKaB am ,!1;0 rJIH60KOl eTapaeTi eiTOBHeHH.H IIpOpOI.J;TBa leal.

CB. E:BaHreJiieT JlyKa HarrneaB rrpo eB. CnMeaHa, rn;o 6yB BiH "qoJIOBiK rrpaBe,ll;HHH Ta rro6omHHH, oqiKyBaB yTiXH 13pa'iJI.H, i ,D;yx CB.HTHH 6yB Ha HbOMy" (JIK 2:25). BiJII>IIIaro 3aeBi,ll;qeHH.H eB.HTOeTi He Mame 6yTH, Him Te, rn;o CB.HTHH ,D;yx ,ll;aB rrpaBe,ll;HOMY CnMeaHaBi; Ta eB.HTieTI> po6nJia :H:oro MHJIHM Bory, a u;e 6yJio MOra HaH6iJibiiiHM rn;aeT.HM, Ha,ll;3BJiqanHO rro6iJibiiieHHM IIpH KiHu;i mHTT.H THM, rn;o Mir eBoro Bora :H: CrraenTeJI.H TPHMaTH Ha pyKax. 3a rrepeKa3aMH rrpaBe,ll;HHH CnMeaH mnB rrpn6JIH3HO 300 poKiB Ta 3aKiHqJIB eBOE: rrpaBe,ll;He mHTT.H HeBHMOBHO rn;aeJIHBHH HaeTyrrHoro ,ll;H.H rrieJI.H 3yeTpiqi 3 XpneTOM y epyeaJIHMei>Kiii eB.HTHHi. CB.HTa rrpopoqnu;.H raHHa - O,ll;Ha 3 HaH,ll;OeTOHHiiiiHX, ,ll;yme rro6omHnx miHoK CTaporo 3arroBiTy: 6JIH3bKO 60 JiiT eJiymnJia Bory B,ll;eHI> i BHoqi eBOIMH MOJIHTBaMH :H: rroeTaMH, Maroqn mnBy Bipy B rrpnxi,ll; o6iu;.HHoro CrraenTeJI.H. B Haropo,ll;y 3a 'i'i rro6omHieTI> Bar rrpoeJiaBHB i 3BeeeJIHB 'i'i rrpaBe,ll;He eepu;e orJI.H,ll;aHH.HM rn;e 3a mHTT.H oqiKyBaHoro Meei'i Ta ,ll;apoM rrpopou;TBa. miHKH 3 ,ll;YXOM i eepu;eM rrpaBe,ll;HOl rrpopoqnu;i raHHH - u;e rOJIOBHa eHJia ,ll;JI.H 06HOBH JIIO,ll;ebKOrO po,ll;y.

178

4 moToro

CB.HTHfi ICH,l(OP llHJIYCIHChKHfi Y IV cTopi •P.J:i :JKHB y erurreTChKOMY MicTi OJieKcaH,ll;pii: 6araTHH roHaK IcH,li;Op, HKHH BH3Hat.J:aBcH KpaCHOMOBCTBOM i rJIH60KHMH 3HaHHHMH. Ta O,li;Horo ,li;HH BiH IIOKHHYB yce i rriiiiOB y IIYCTHHlO. Ha cxi,li;HOMY 6epe3i piKH HiJI, He,ll;aJieKO Bi,ll; MiCTa fiHJiycii:, BiH 3HaHIIIOB co6i rret.J:epy, CTaB Ha rOJiiH 3eMJii HaBKOJiiiiiKH i IIOt.J:aB MOJIHTHCh Bory HK caMiTHHH, y6orHH i IIOKipHHH nyCTHHHHK. MoJIHBCH B,ll;eHb i BHOt.J:i. I cTaJio ftoro :JKHTTH caMOTOlO ft rroKyToro, MOJIHTBOlO ft t.J:HTaHHHM CBHToro ITucnMa. ByJio ftoMy TaM ,11;o6pe, 6o 3 HHM 6yB XpHCTOC, HKOMY BiH CJIY:JKHB ft ,li;JIH HKoro Bi,ll;piKCH CBiTy, 3eMHHX crrpaB i p03KOIIIiB. TiJihKH O,li;HY rapHy 3ra,n;Ky rrpHHic IcH,li;Op 3 co6oro 3i cBiTy - rrpo cB. IBaHa 3oJio ToycToro, cBoro BeJIHKoro Bt.J:HTeJIH xpHCTHHHChKOi: Bipu ft rro6o:JKHOCTi. 0,11;Horo ,li;HH focrro,ll;h rrpHBiB ,11;0 IcH,ll;opa MaH,ll;piBHHKa, HKHH 6a:JKaB i co6i rroceJIHTHCh 6iJIH ftoro rret.J:epu Ta pa30M 3 HHM CJIY:JKHTH Bory. lcH,li;Op rrorO,li;HBCH Ha n;e. 3ro,li;OM rrorrpHXO,li;HJIO ,11;0 HHX TaK 6araTO t.J:OJIOBiKiB, HKi XOTiJIH )1;aJieKO Bi,ll; rpiiiiHO;O cBiTy CJIY:JKHTH Bory ft crraciHHlO cBoi:x ,li;YIII, rn;o Tpe6a 6yJio 3acHyBaTH MOHaCTHp. Kom-I rrocTaJia t.J:epHet.J:a o6HTeJih, Icu)1;opa BH6paJIH iryMeHOM. Ta OCKiJihKH Tpe6a 6yJIO TaKO:lK CBHIIl;eHHKa, TO ICH,li;Op HK Haftri,li;HiiiiHH i HaHYt.J:eHiiiiHH Mi:JK MOHaXaMH ,li;JIH ,11;06pa CBOlX HOBHX Yt.J:HiB Ta Ha lXH€ rrpoxaHHH rrpHHHHB CB. TaftHy CBxrn;eHHI.l;TBa. To,11;i rrot.J:aB cB. IcH,li;Op rrHcaTH pi3Hi ,11;yxoBHi rroBt.J:aHHH. llperapHO OIIHCye BiH :JKHTTH MOHaXiB, ,ll;aJieKe Bi,ll; rOp,li;OCTi, CaMOJil06CTBa ft rHiBy, KopHcToJiro6HocTi ft Ha,n;MipHoro ,11;6aHHH rrpo TiJIO. CB. IcH,li;Op Ha)1;3BHt.J:aftHo n;iHHB y6oricTn; KOJIH O,li;Horo pa3y MaB ,li;Bi O,ll;e:JKi, TO ,li;HKyBaB 3a Te, Ill;O O,li;HY BiH Mir KOMYCb IIO,ll;apyBaTH. W MOHaCTHpi B OTOt.J:eHHi MOHaXiB BiH :JKHB TaK, 179

5 lltOToro

Halle y rrycTHHi, 6o iioro ,n;yma 6y;m 3amK,n;H 3BepHeHa ,n;o Bora i1: He rrepeiiMaJiac.a 3eMHHMH crrpaBaMn. Ilpo :u;e iincaB BiH y cBo'ix ITOB'!aHH.HX: ".ffKa KOpHCTh 3 Taro, IIJ;O TiKaem y ITYCTHHIO, KOJIH TaM Te6e TpHBO:>KaTb HeiTOTpi6Hi ,n;yMKH, i XO'I TH CaMiTHHH, ,n;ymeiO H ,n;yMKaMH :>KHBem cepe,n; MiChKOrO HaTOBrry?"

ByB rrpoTH rrycTOMOBHOCTi i1: rpixiB .H3HKa: "Y eTa MOHaxa ITOBHHHi 3aB:m,n;n 6yTH roToBi MOJIHTBOIO BeJIH'IaTH Bora, TOMY HHMH He MO:>KHa JIHXOCJIOBHTH".

Ha,n;3BH'!ai1:Ho :u;iHyBaB 'IHCTOTy. Tnx, r:u;o Brrpo,n;oBm :>KHTT.H 36eperJIH HerropO'IHiCTh TiJia, ITpHpiBHIOBaB )1;0 COHIJ;H, THX, IIJ;O, ITOB,ll;OBiBillH, ITOCB.HTHJIH ce6e 'IHCTOTi - )1;0 MiC.HIJ;.H, a THX, IIJ;O :>KHBYTh y tiecHoMy rro,n;pymmi - ,n;o 3ip. TaR BiH rro.acHIOBaB CJIOBa CB. IlaBJia, HKHH CKa3aB: "IHaKillHH 6JIHCK COHIJ;.H, iHaKillHH 6JIHCK Mic.a:u;.a, iHaKrnHii 6JIHCK 3ip" (Kp 15:41). Ae rropymyBaBc.a 3aKOH, TaM cB. Icn,n;op BHCTyrraB pirne'!e i1: 6e3rror:u;a,n;Ho. KpiM rroB'IaHh ,n;JIH MOHaxiB, cB. Icn,n;op ycHHM i rrnceMHHM CJIOBOM 6opOHHB CB. IJ;epKBy, .HKa 6araTO illKO,ll;H MaJia Bi,n; TOrO'IaCHHX epeTHKiB. Y cix JIHCTiB CB. lcn,n;opa, ITOBHHX IT060:>KHOCTi H rJIH60KOl HayKH, 6yJIO KiJihKa THC.H'I, 3 .HKHX ,ll;OCi 36eper.JJOCH 2020, IIJ;O CBi,ll;'IaTh rrpo iforo p03YM i ITOKOpy, peBHiCTh Ta rap.aqy JII06oB ,n;o Bora i1: 6JIH:>KHix. HarrncaHi BOHR 3pa3KOBOIO rpeiJ;hKOIG-~MOBOIO.

HK rrpoTHBHHKH CB. IBaHa 3oJioToycToro ,n;oMorJIHCh Taro, r:u;o6 J:i:oro 3acy,n;H.JJH Ha BHrHaHH.H 3 KpaiO, cB. Icn,n;op 6opoHHB CBOrO HeBHHHOrO B'IHTeJI.H Ta ITHCaB y :u;iif crrpaBi JIHCTH )1;0 iMrrepaTopa ApKa,n;i.a i1: O.JJeKcaH,n;piiichKOro apxierrncKorra TeocpiJia; a rricJIH cMepTi 3oJioToycToro rrncaB ,n;o cB. Knpn.JJa OJieKcaH,n;piJ:i:cbKoro, r:u;o6 iM'.a cB. IBaHa BITHCaTH ,n;o IloM'.HHHKa cB. IJ;epKBH. BiH TaKom BITJIHHYB Ha iMrrepaTopa Teo,n;oci.a y crrpaBi CKJIHKaHH.H III BceJieHChKoro Co6opy B E,n;ecci (431 p.).

3a CBOIO pirny'IiCTh B o6opoHi CB. BipH TeprriB 6araTO rrepecJii,n;yBaHb Bi,n; epeTHKiB, Ta BCe Te BiH OXO'!e 3HOCHB 3 JII060Bi ,n;o XpHcTa. Bi,n;iiimoB rrperro,n;o6HHH o. lcH,n;op IlHJiyciiichKHH no He6ecHy Haropo,n;y B rJIH60KiH CTapOCTi, 6JIH3hKO 450 poKy. 5

JIIOTOI'O

CBHTA ArA«<»UI 3a '!aCiB pHMChKOrO iMrrepaTopa ,Il;eKi.H :>KHJia Ha CHIJ;HJilHChKOMy ocTpoBi, B Micri IIanepMo a6o KaTaHil, ,n;iB'IHHa Aracpi.a, .HKa Bi,n; 3eMHOrO 6aTbKa o,n;ep:>KaJia BeJIHKHH MaeTOK, a Bi,n;

180

5 lltoToro He6eCHOrO - Kpacy. i rOJIOBHe - ,n;ap CB. BipH. 3aB,ll;SIKH 1ft MOJio,n;eHhKa AracpiH TaK CBHTO mo6HJia XpncTa, I.I.J;O ,n;o6poBiJihHO rrocBHTHJia HoMy cBoe ,n;iBH:U:TBO ft BeJia aHreJihChKe mHTTSI. ,ll;JIH .~ MOJIO,ll;liX ,n;iB'tJaT i XJIOIIll;iB, CBOlX poBeCHHKiB, BOHa 6yJia JKHBOIO ft 'tlapiBHOIO HeBHHHiCTIO, rrperapHHM Baip:u;eM BHCOKoro mHTTH. IJ;apchKHM KOHCYJIOM 6yB To,n;i Ha Cnn;HJii1 rroraHHH KBiHTiaH, SIKHft ma,n;i6HHM OKOM ,ll;HBHBCSI SIK Ha ,n;iBO'tJY Kpacy, TaK i Ha 6araTCTBO Aracpii:, 'tJeKalO'tJH Tiel XBHJIHHH, KOJIH ,n;iB'tJHHa IIOTpaIIHTh ,n;o ftoro pyK. BHKOHaTH CBift JIHXHft aa,n;yM BHpiiUHB KBiHTiaH HeraftHo, HK TiJihKH ,lJ;eKift rrporOJIOCHB CBift HaKa3 rrpo rrepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpHcTHSIH. Ko.JIH BOHKH cxorrHJIH Aracpiro, I.I.J;06 rrpHBeCTH 11 ,n;o KBiHTiaHa, CBHTe ,n;iB"tJa MOJIHJIOCH: "lcyce XpHCTe, rocrro,n;H Bcix pe'tleft, TH 6a"tJHIU Moe cep:u;e, TH aHaeiU Mo16amaHHH. IIpoiUy Te6e, I.I.J;06 Tn o,n;HH rroci,n;aB yce, 'tJHM He. H - TBOH OBe'tJKa. 3po6H MeHe ri,n;HOIO rrepeMOrTH ,n;HHBOJia". ,ll;opororo MOJIHJiacH, I.I.J;06 Bor ,n;aB 1ft Bi,n;Bary ft CHJIY ,n;yxa.

KBiHTiaH HaKaaaB Bi,n;BeCTH 'i'i ,n;o 6araTo1 miHKH Acppo,n;Hci'i, SIKa 3 IUiCThMa CB01MH ,ll;O':IKaMH YTPHMYBaJia 6y,n;HHOK poarrycCB. AfA<PI.H TH. HeqecHHft KOHCYJI Ha,n;i.HBCSI, I.I.J;O B TaKOMY TOBapHCTBi Aracpi.H airrcyeThCSI i He 6y,n;e rrpoTHBHTHCSI ftoro aa6araHKaM. Ta :u;eft rrJiaH He B,n;aBcH, 6o aa Bomoro JiacKoro HeBHHHa ,n;iB':IHHa cepe,n; 'tJHCJieHHHX Haro,n; ,ll;O CIIOKYC 3aJIHIUHJiaCSI Ha':le 6iJia JieJiiSI, roToBa KomHoi: XBHJIHHH ft mHTTH Bi,n;,n;aTH aa a6epemeHHH cBoe'i ,n;iBO':I01 HeBHHHOCTi. IIicJIH MiCH:U:H ,n;yxoBHoro My':leHH:U:TBa CBHTo1 XpHCTOBo1 o6py':IHH:u;i B ,n;oMi rpixa HaKaaaB KBiHTiaH rrpHBeCTH Aracpiro ,n;o ce6e i rrpo6yB1l.B aaJIHKaTH 11 rrorpoaaMH. IIoTiM, poaJIIO':IeHHft, I.I.J;O BOHa He aBamae Ha mo,n;Hi aaJIHKyBaHH.H, HaKaaaB 6HTH 'i'i ft

181

6

JliOTOfO

MyqHTH pi3HHMH CITOC06aMH. 3aKiHqHJia CB . M~eHHIJ,H CBOe TepniHHH ni,n; qac MOJIHTBH y B' H3HHIJ,i.

TipH rpo6i Ara<Pi'i ,n;iHJIHCH pi3Hi qy,n;a. KoJIH 3 ropH ETHH Ha CHD;HJii'i noqaJia BHXO,D;HTH rapHqa JiaBa :i1: MicTo KaTaHiH 6yJio B.me 6JIH3bKHM ,n;o 3arH6eJii, BHHeCJIH cepnaHoK cB. Ara<Pi'i i CTaJIH o6HOCHTH :i1:oro ,n;OBKOJia MicTa; To,n;i Bor Bi,n;BepHyB BoroHh i OXOpOHHB MiCTO Bi,n; 3HHliJ,eHHH. llo,n;i6Hi "'y,n;a llOBTOpiOBaJIHCH KiJibKa pa3iB. Ha,n; rpo6oM cB. Ara<Pi1 nocTaBHJIH rapHy u;epKBy, a B PHMi llana rpHropiM BeJIHKHM ITOCBHTHB O,D;HY IJ,epKBY Ha qecTb IJ,ie1 CBHToL Tii,n; qac nocBHqeHHH Bar npocJiaBHB cB. Ara<Piro HOBHMH "'y,D;aMH. B YKpa1Hi JIIO,D;H BipHJIH, liJ,O npH3HBaHHH iMeHi cB. Ara<PH .o6epirae Jiro,n;e:i1: Bi,n; no.me.mi. BBa.maiOTb 11 TaKo.m oniKyHKOIO BHJIHBa"'iB ,D;3BOHiB. lcTopiH mHTTH :i1: MY"'eHHIJ,TBa CB. Ara<Pi'i rapHa :i1: 3BopyrnJIHBa, a npHKJia,n; 11 nocTiMHOCTi y Bipi, qHcToTi :i1: TepniHHHX KJIHqe ,11;0 HaCJii,D;yBaHHH 11 repOMCbKOl qecHOTH. 6

JIIOToro

..

_

CB.HTH:A BYKOJI

CB. :fioaH BorocJIOB BHCBHTHB Ha enHcKona MicTa CMHPHH B MaJii:i1: A3i'i cBoro yqHH, HKHM Ha3HBaBcH ByKoJI. BH6paB CB . anocToJI :i1:oro Ha TaKy Ba.mJIHBY noca,n;y B XpHCTOBi:i1: I.J;epKBi TOMY, liJ,O Bi,n; paHHhOl MOJio,n;ocTi BiH BH3Ha"'aBCH no6o.mHicTIO :i1: BiB "'ecHe xpHCTHHHCbKe .mHTTH. CB. ByKoJI HK roJioBa u;epKBH B CMHpHi peBHO npaiJ,IOBaB Ha.n; cnaciHHHM cBoi:x BipHHX. ,ll;eHKi u;epKOBHi ITHCbMeHHHKH BBa.maiOTb, liJ,O IJ,e CB . ByKOJia CTOCyBaJIHCH CJIOBa "0.n;KpOBeHHH" CB. lloaHa: "! ,li;O aHreJia I.J;epKBH B CMHpHi HanHrnH: Ocb liJ,O roBopHTb neprnH:i1: i ocTaHHiM, XTO 6yB MepTBHM i e mHBHM: 3Hal0 TBOe rope i B6oriCTb, a, BTiM, TH 6araTHM; i 06MOBH Bi,ll; THX, liJ,O 3BYTb ce6e IO,ll;eHMH, a He e HHMH, aJie - 36opHliJ,e caTaHH. He 6i:i1:cH Hi"'oro, liJ,O Maern BHTepniTH. OT, yKH,n;aTHMe .n;eKoTpHx Bac .n;HHBOJI y TeMHHD;IO, liJ,06 BHnpo6yBaTH Bac, i MaTHMeTe rope ,n;ecHTh ,n;HiB. By.n;h BipHHM .n;o cMepTi, i ,n;aM T06i BiHeD;b .mHTTH (O,n; 2:8-10). ~ Tipeno,n;o6HHM oTen;h ByKoJI 3aKiH"'HB CBoe Tpy.n;oJiro6He mHTTH B I! CTOpi"'"'i. ilpH MOrO rpo6i .n;iHJIHCH pi3Hi "'y,n;a, cepe.n; HKHX i TaKe: Ha :i1:oro rpo6i BHpocJio 3iJIJIH, n:io npHHOCHJIO XBOpHM o,n;y.maHHH.

182

7 JliOToro

CBHTHH llAPTEHIH Y MicTi MeJiiTorroJii (MaJia A3iH) mHB y IV cTopi'I'Ii ,n;HHKOH XpHcTo,n;yJih. KoJIH BiH iiiioB ,n;o u;epKBH, TO 3 HHM oxo':le nocrri-路~ IIIaB i :tioro CHHOK IlapTeHiH, HKHH cep,n;e'IHO MOJIHBCH, yBamHO cJiyxaB 6orocJiym6H i1 'IHTaHHH CBHToro IIHChMa Ta 6araTo 3 Toro, ~o 'IyB, 3arraM' HTaB co6i, xo'I ~e He BMiB 'IHTaTH. KoJIH BepTaBCH 3 u;epKBH, iiiiiOB Ha,n; pi'IKy, JIOBHB pH6y i, rrpo,n;aBIIIH ii, po3,n;aBaB rpoiiii y6orHM HK MHJIOCTHHIO. TaKa rro6omHiCTh IlapTeHiH 6yJia TaKa MHJia Bory, ~o Bme Ha 18 pou;i mHTTH ,n;aB iioMy JiacKy po6HTH 'Iy,n;a Ta rroBepTaTH He,n;ymHM 3,n;opoB'H. KoJIH rrpo rro6omHiCTh i 'Iy,n;a MOJio,n;oro IlapTeHiH ,n;oBi,n;aBcH To,n;iiiiHiii errHcKorr MeJiiTorroJIH <l>HJieT, TO y3HB iioro ,n;o ce6e i1 3aHHHBCH HOrO OCBiTOIO, a OIIiCJI$1 BHCBHTHB Ha CBH~eHHKa. Y TOM ':lac cB. IlapTeHiii rro'IaB o,n;epmyBaTH Bi,n; Bora ~e 6iJihiiie JiaCK, 3pOCJia KiJihKiCTb 'Iy,n;eC, HKi 'Iepe3 HhOrO po6HB fOCIIO,ll;h, a pa3oM 3 HHMH - i 'IHCJIO HaBepHeHh ,n;o XpHcToBo'i BipH. CJiaBa rrpo rro6omHiCTh i 'IHCJieHHi 'Iy,n;a cB. IlapTeHiH ,n;i:tiiiiJia ,n;o apxienHcKorra MicTa KH3HKa AcxoJIH, HKHH BHCBHTHB iioro Ha errHcKorra MicTa .JlaMrrcaKa, ,n;e roJIOBHO mHJIH rroraHH. CBo'iMH ,n;yxoBHHMH HayKaMH i1 'Iy,n;aMH CB. IlapTeHiii ~epHyB Yx ,n;o XpHCToBo'i BipH, 'i3,n;HB HaBiTh ,n;o iMrrepaTopa KoHCTaHTHHa BeJIHKoro 3 rrpoxaHHHM ,n;o3BOJIHTH 3pyi1HyBaTH y .JlaMrrcau;i rroraHChKi 6omHHu;i, a 3aMiCTh HHX rro6y,n;yBaTH Bomi xpaMH. IMrrepaTop He TiJihKH rroro,n;HBCH Ha u;e, aJie i1 ,n;aB Bi,n; ce6e 6araTo 30JIOTa Ha crropy,n;meHHH u;epKOB. Ili,n; ':laC 6y,n;OBH u;epKBH BH6paJIH rrperapHHH KaMiHh 3 p03BaJieHHX rroraHCbKHX 60)KHHIJ;b, o6p06HJIH HOrO Ha IIJIHTy, ~0 Ma.Jia npHKpHBaTH BiBTap y u;epKBi. KoJIH 11 Be3JIH ,n;o u;epKBH, po3rHiBaHHH ,ll;HHBOJI rrepeCTpaiiiHB BOJiiB, HKi IIO'IaJIH CKOpO 6irTH, IIOBaJIHJIH Ha 3eMJIIO IIOrOHH'Ia Ta nepeTHrHyJIH ':lepe3 HhOrO B03a 3 KaMeHeM, Bi,n; '!OrO IIOrOHH'I IIOMep. IloBi,ll;OMJieHHH rrpo Te He~acTH cB. IlapTeHiii rrpH6yB Bi,n;pa3y Ha Micu;e He~aCHOrO BHIIa,ll;KY, CTaB Ha KOJiiHa i cep,n;e'IHOIO MOJIHTBOIO IIOBepHyB y6HTOMY IIOrOHH'IeBi )KllTTH. O,n;Horo pa3y rrpHBeJIH ,n;o CBHToro 6icHyBaToro IOHaKa, Ta BiH He XOTiB MOJIHTHCH 3a HOrO BH,n;ymaHHH, KamY'LJ:H: "Balli CHH He ri,n;HHH BH,n;ymaHH.SI, 60 BiH '!aCTO 3HeBamaB BaC, i BH B CBOE:My ropi MOJIHJIHCH, ~06 Bor IIOKapaB iioro; TaK Hexa:ti me BiH TepnHTh, 6o 3acJiymHB co6i Ha TaKy Kapy". KoJIH m 6aTbKH B CBOlH JII060Bi ,ll;O CHHa CTaJIH maJIKyBaTH, ID;O IlpOCHJIH Ha HhOrO B Bora KapH, i 3i CJih03aMH B o':lax He rrepecTaBaJIH 6JiaraTH y 183

7 JliOToro

cB. ITapTeHi.H ,n;orroMorn, BiH 3MRJiocep,n;RBC.H H.f!.,D; 3acMyqenRMH 6aTbKaMR, rrepexpeCTHB 6icHyBaTOrO IOHaKa H 03,D;OpOBRB ii:oro CBOeiO MOJIHTBOIO. KoJIH .HKOCh CB. IlapTeHiii: rrpol:m,n;:maB qepe3 lpaKJiillChKY MHTporroJiiro, TO Bi,n;Bi,n;aB He,n;y:moro apxierrncKorra IrraTi.HHa. 3a 6oJKHM o6'.HBJieHH.HM CB.HTHll cKa3aB llOMy po3,n;aTR B6ornM yce cpi6JIO, ,li;O .HKOrO BiH MaB IIpRB'.H3aHH.H, - TO,D;i CTaHe 3,D;OpOBRM ,n;yrnero :i1: TiJIOM. He,n;y:mnll rrpocnB 3aBeCTH ce6e ll yce cBoe cpi6Jio ,li;O :o;epKBR CB. fJIHKepil, ,n;e p03,D;aB yBeCb TOll CKap6 y6orHM i KaJiiKaM, a To,n;i MHJiocep,n;HRll Bor, rrpHllH.HBIIIR TY rroKa.HHHY :mepTBY apxierrncKorra, rroBepHyB ii:oMy 3,n;opoB' .H. TaKoJK rrpe,n;piK CB. IlapTeHiH apxi,n;H.HKOHOBi lpaKJiillCbKOI :u;epKBH, .HKHH TaK, .HK i apxierrncKorr, 3BaBc.H IrraTi.HH, m;o He3a6apoM apxierrncKorr yMpe i BiH 6y,n;e BR6paHHM Ha HOrO Mic:u;e. A OCKiJihKH B TOll qac 6yJia B Till OKOJIRII;i IIOCyxa, TO CB. IlapTeHill MOJIRBC.H 3 apxi,n;H.HKOHOM ycro Hiq rrpo ,n;om;, a BpaH:u;i rro6JiarocJIOBRB rroJI.H, ropo,n;R ll BHHHHII;i Ta IIOBepHyBC.H ,li;O JlaMIICaKa. YpoJKall TOrO poKy 6yB BeJIHKRll. He3a6apoM rroMep errncKorr IrraTi.HH, i ,D;R.HKOH cTaB lloro HacTyiiHHKOM. BiH cKa3aB HarroBHRTR BeJIRKoro KOpa6JI.H 36iJKJK.HM, BHHOM, YC.HKOIO ropO,D;RHOIO i CaM yce Te ,n;o6po 3aBi3 ,n;o MicTa JlaMrrcaKa B ,n;ap cB. IlapTeHieBi. CB.HTHll cep,n;eqHo rrpnBiTaB IrraTi.HHa, Ta ,n;apy He rrpHllH.HB, cKa3aBIIIH po3,n;aTH Bee ,n;o6po B6orHM. ApxierrncKorr yqHHRB :H:oro BOJIIO, a orricJI.H ,n;o KiH:u;.a cBo'ix ,n;HiB po3Ka3yBaB yciM rrpo cB. qy,n;oTBop:u;.a IlapTeHi.H. I1perro,n;o6HRH oTeii;h ITapTeHill rricJI.H KopoTKOI He,n;yrn crroKillHO crroqnB y Bo3i 7 JIIOToro 360 poKy. Ha lloro rroxopoH 3'IXaJIOC.H 6araTO JIIO,D;ell 3 ycix ,li;OBKOJIHIIIHiX Mic:o;eBOCTell, cepe,n; .HKHX 6araTO errHCKOIIiB i CB.HIII;eHHKiB. IlpR MOIII;aX CB. IlapTeHi.H, III;O crroqHBaJIH B HOBill, HRM CaMHM 36y,n;oBaHill :o;epKBi, 6araTO He,n;yJKRX o,n;epJKaJIH JiaCKy 03,D;OpOBJieHH.H. ~

7 moToro

CBHTHH POMYAJib,l(

;.

Y po,n;nHi PaBeHCbKoro KH.H3.H 0HecTi rrpn:H:rnoB Ha cBiT 6JIH3hKO 951 poKy CHH, .HKoro rri,n; qac cB. Xpnm;eHH.H Ha3BaJIH PoMyaJih,n;. KoJIH xJiorrqnK cTaB rri,n;pocTaTH, cBiT i :H:oro po3Korni He 6yJIR qy:mi ii:oMy, xoq iHKOJIH B lloro ,n;yrni po36y,n;:myBaJioc.a ll 6a:maHH.H ,n;o Kpam;oro JKHTT.H. BaTbKO PoMyaJih,n;a 3a MaeTOK rrocBapHBC.H 3 o,n;HHM CBOIM po,n;nqeM. KoJIR He MorJIH rroro,n;HTHC.H MHpHRM IIIJI.HXOM,

184

7

JliOTOro

BRpiiiiRJHI 3aKiH"'IRTR CBOIO cynepe 1IKY ~B060E:M, B HKOMY 6aTbKO PoMyaJih~a B6RB cBoro cynepHRKa. CBi~KOM Taro noe~RHKY 6yB PoMyaJih~, ~o -qoro 6aTbKO npRHeBOJIRB H:oro rri~ aarpoamo rroa6aaJieHHH crra~ru;RHR. Po~R"ll, y6RTR:i1: 6aTbKOM, i ~YMKa rrpo BJiaCHY y-qaCTb Y TaKOMY BeJIRKOMy 3JIO"'IRHi TaK CTpRBo:>KRJIR ·~ HOrO, IIJ;O BiH HeraHHO BR6paBCH ~0 cyci~HhOrO MOHaCTRp.H 0Tll;iB BeHe~RKTRHu;ia y KJiacce, ru;o6 TaM Bi~6yTn copoK~eHHY T.fDKKY noKyTy aa CBOIO rrpoBRHY. IIepe6yBaiD"'IR B MOHaCTRpi, PoMyaJih~ rrJiaKaB, MOJIHBCH H: Ka.HBCH. :fl:oro cepu;e CTaJIO HaiTOBHHTliCH IIJ;Opa3 6iJihiiiRM CTpaxoM i JII06oa'ID ~o Bora. ,I(o6pRH npRKJia~ rro6omHRX MOHaxiB TaKe H~3Bll"llai1He BpameHHH crrpaBRB Ha XJionu;.a, ru;o BiH npocna IX rrpHHHHTR H:oro ~o MOHacTnp.a. HacTo.aTeJii He ai~paay crroBHRJIR HOrO 6amaHHH, 60 60.HJIRCH HeB~OBOJieHHH CTaporo KHH3H, Ta BpeiiiTi IlpliHHHJIR HOrO. 'Y MOHaCTRpi MOJIO~RH KHH3b rrpo6yB Tpll pOKR. :fl:oro BeJIRKa peBHiCTh y a6epiraHHi H: HaHMeHIIIRX npRrrncia -qepHe"lloro mRTTH 6yJia IlOCTiHHRM ~OKOpOM ~JIH He~6aJIRX MOHaXiB. II1;o6 He ~iHIIIJIO ~o -qorocb noraHoro, PoMyaJih~ aa aro~o10 HacTo.aTeJI.a rrepeH:IIIoB B o~HY rrycTeJIIO no6JIR3Y BeHeu;ii ni~ ~yxoBHRH npoBi~ nycTRHHHKa MapiHa, rrpo .aKoro cJiaBa ~iHIIIJia ~o MOHacTnp.a B KJiacce. TaM PoMyaJih~ apo6RB BeJIHKHH rrocTyn y XQ.!iCTRHHChKiH ~OCKOHaJIOCTi.

KoJIH 3MOBHRKR B6HJIR BOJio~ap.a BeHeu;il KaH~i.aHo, H:oro HacTynHHKOM cTaB IIeTpo OpceoJio. OcKiJihKll ~OKOPR cyMJiiHHH He ~oaBOJIHJill H:oMy crroKiHHO KOpRcTaTH a "'IHHY, ru;o H:oro BiH rrociB -qepea B6HBCTBO, To aa rrop~mo MapiHa H: PoMyaJih~a BiH IlOKRHYB IlOTaHKll CBOIO TIOCa~y i IlOCTpllrCH B "l!eHll;i. IliCJIH TOrO MapiH i PoMyaJib~ rriiiiJill BrJIH6 rrycTRHi, B 6eaJIIO~Hi Micu;.a, ~e. mRJIR Bme TiJihKll ~JI.a Bora. 3ro~oM cTaJIH rrpR6yBaTH ~o HliX "'IOJIOBiKR, HKi BR6paJIR cB. PoMyaJih~a aa HaCTOHTeJI.a i rri~ H:oro IlpOBO~OM BeJIR cyaope, Bi~OKpeMJieHe Bi~ CBiTy mRTTH TIOCTiB, rrocTiHHOI MOJIHTBll H: rrpau;i. 3ro~oM rrpR6yB ~o HliX TaKom KOJiliiiiHiH rrpaBRTeJib 0pceOJIO i Mim HRMll CBHTO 3aKiH"llliB CBOE: mRTT.H. CB. PoMyaJih~a. HKRH rroKRHYB cBiT i BCTYITRB ~o MOHacTnp..a, ~li.HBOJI rr'HTb JiiT MY"lJliB CTpaiiiHRMR CilOKyCaMR; rrpOTe MOJIO~RH Ka.aHHHK TaK MymHhO H: ycrriiiiHO rrepeMaraB IX rroKipHoiO MOJIHTBOIO, noKyToiO H: Ha~ieiO Ha Bome MHJiocep~.a, ru;o He TiJihKR nepeMir ai~Bi"l!Horo aopora JIID~ChKHX ~yiii, a H: Ha6ya BeJiliKOI "'IRCTOTR ~yiiii Ta IlpRrOTyBaBCH ~0 Ha~3BR"llaHHRX Bomnx o6'.aBJieHb .

•

185

7 ntoToro

Y TOR -qac MaB cB. PoMyaJih,n; BeJIHRy pa,n;icn., 6o Roro 6aThKO, RH.H3h CepriR, no"tJaB Ra.HTHC.H 3a CBO€ ,n;aBH€ rpiiiiHe JKHTT.H i, ru;o6 CITORyTyBaTH CBOl T.HJKRi ITpOBHHH, 3a ITpHRJia,D;OM CBOrO CB.HTOrO CHHa, BCTYITHB i C06i ,ll;O MOHaCTHp.H CB. CeBepa no6JIH3Y PaBeHHH. 3ro,n;oM Roro Te.m no"tJaJia MY"tJHTH cnoRyca BepHyTHC.H y cBiT. KoJIH PoMyaJih,n; ,n;oBi,n;aBc.H npo BaraHH.H 6aThRa, TO nocninmB ,n;o Hhoro, ru;o6 yRpinHTH Roro B cB. noRJIHRaHHi. CJioBa ITOTiXI1 R 3aOXOTH CI1Ha TaR BITJIHHYJIH Ha CTaporo 6aTbRa, ID;O BiH 3aJIHIIII1BC.fl B MOHaCTHpi a.m ,ll;O CMepTi. KoJIH JIID,n;H no6a"tJI1JIH CB. PoMyaJih,n;a 3HOB Mi.m co6mo, Ha,D;3BH"l!aRHO 3pa,n;iJIH R Hi.HR He XOTiJII1 Bi,n;nyCTHTH ROrO Bi,n; ce6e; ru;o6 BHpBaTHC.H 3-noMi.m HHX, cB. PoMyaJih,n; MyciB y,n;aBaTH 6o.meBiJihHOro. IIicJI.H Toro BiH noceJIHBC.H y Bi,n;Jiro,n;HoMy Mic:u;i B KJiacce R TaM no"tJaB JKHTH Ha caMoTi. KoJIH npo :u;e ,n;oBi,n;aJIHC.H MOHaXI1 3 HaR6JIHJK"tJOrO MOHaCT11p.H, CTaJIH npOCHTH ROrO CTaTH lXHiM HaCTO.HTeJieM, O,D;HaR BiH He XOTiB ITOrO,D;I1THC.fl Ha lXH€ npoxaHH.H, xo-q caM RopoJih 0TTOH III npH6yB ,n;o Roro ReJiil i 3aoxo"tJyBaB Roro cnoBHI1TI1 BOJiro cBoi:x 6paTiB-MOHaxiB. KoJIH .mo,n;Hi npoxaHH.H He ,n;onoMaraJIH, enHcRonH Ha Co6opi npHrpo311JII1 ROMY Bi,n;Jiy-qeHH.HM Bi,n; QepRBH. To,n;i noRHHYB PoMyaJih,n; CBOID nycTe.;no i nepeRIIIOB JKHTI1 ,n;o MOHaCTHp.H. TaM BiH TO"'IHO BHROHyBaB yci MOHaiiii npaBHJia. 3ro,n;oM noRHHYB CB.HTHR i :u;eR MOHaCT11p, no6a"tJHBIIII1, ID;O He BCi MOHaXH 3ri,n;Hi 3 HHM. 3,n;o6yBIIIH MicTo TiBoJii, RopoJih 3a 6yHT MeiiiRaH:u;iB xoTiB Bi,n;,n;aTH ROrO BO.HKaM Ha CBaBOJIJO, O,D;HaR Ha npoxaHH.fl CB. PoMyaJih,n;a Bi,n;cTynHB Bi,n; CBoro HaMipy. KoJIH .m noTiM, He3BaJKaJO"tJI1 Ha npi1C.Hry, ROpOJih HaRa3aB y611TH npOBi,D;HHRa noBcTaH:u;iB, a Roro .miHRY ,n;oBiB ,n;o rpixa, cB. PoMyaJih,n; TaR CI1JihHO BI1CTYITHB npOTH ROrO 6e33aROHH.H, ID;O iMnepaTOp Bi,n;6yB T.HJKRY npHJIID,n;Hy noRyTy i HaBiTh npHpiR 3peRTI1C.H npecToJiy R BCTYITI1TH ,ll;O MOHaCTI1p.H, "'!OrO, O,D;HaR, He CITOBHHB "'Iepe3 nepe,n;-qacHy cMepTh. MopaJihHI1R BITJII1B cB. PoMyaJih,n;a Ha iMnepaTOpChRHX npH,ll;BOpH11X 6yB TaRHR BeJIHRHR, ru;o RiJihRa RH.H3iB i IIIJI.HXTI1"'IiB, .HRi CITO"'IaTRY BeJIH p03KiiiiHe JKHTT.H, noRHHYJII1 cBiT, npHRH.HJII1 3 pyR CB.HToro -qepHe"'Ii p.HcH i ni,n; ROrO npOBO,ll;OM ITO"tJaJIH JKHTH B MOJIHTBi, ITOCTi R npa:u;i, 3apo6JI.HID"'II1 co6i Ha npo.mHTT.H. CB. PoMyaJih,n; 3acHyBaB RiJihRa MOHaCTMpiB, y .HRHX "tJeH:u;i BeJIH cyBope JKHTT.H caMo3pe"tJeHH.H. Y TOR -qac HanHcaB BiH ITO.HCHeHH.fl ,ll;O CB. ITCaJIMiB, ITOBHi Ha,D;3BH"tJaRHHX ,n;yMOR; "'!aCTO nepe,n;6a"tJaB MaR6yTHi no,n;ii: R ,n;aBaB noBiii My,n;pocTi nopa,n;H BCiM, XTO ITp11XO,ll;I1B ,ll;O HhOrO 3i CBOlMH Tpy,n;HOID;aMI1. ,[(y.me XOTiB BH6paTHC.fl 3i CB.HTOIO Mici€ID ,n;o noraHChRI1X Ma,n;.HpiB, Ta CRiJihRH 186

7

JliOTOro

6 pa3iB He roTyBaBc.H .n;o rro.n;opomi, 3aBm.n;H .HKacb He.n;yra cTaBa.rra MOMY Ha rrepemKo.n;i; 3 Taro rri3HaB, II.W Boma BOJUI 6yJia TaKa, rn;o6 BiH 3aMMaBc.H opraHi3a:u;iero MOHacTupiB Ha cBo'iM 6aThKiBIIJ;HHi. TiJihKU Mora Y"<~Hi MaJiu rn;acT.H rrpa:o;IOBaTu MicioHepaMH. HacJii.n;Ku rrpa:u;i Bomoro cJiyru 6yJiu Ha,ll;3BH"<~aMHi: 6araTo rpimHuKiB, xo-q He rroKu.n;a.rru cBiTy, rri.n; BIIJIUBOM CB.aToro Ka.HJIHC.H, IIOKU,ll;aJIH aMOpaJihHe )KUTT.H, ,ll;aiO"tJ:U BeJIUKi IIOmepTBU .n;JI.H B6orux. PoMyaJih,ll; 6yB Ha"<~e aHreJI-cepaqmM y JIIO,ll;ChKOMY TiJii, .HKHM rraJiaB rap.H"<IOIO Jiro6oB'IO .n;o Bora M 3arraJIIOBaB HeiO Bcix, rn;o cJiyxaJiu Mora.

Ha 6amaHH.H Ilarru, .fiKHM, .n;oBi.n;aBmucb rrpo CB.HTe muTT.H M crraceHHY rrpa:u;IO CB. PoMyaJih.n;a, xoTiB rro6a"tJ:HTH Mora, BiH BH6paBc.a .n;o PuMa, i xo-q 6yB TaM He.n;oBro, - 6araTo JIIO.n;eM HaBepHyJioc.fl .n;o rro6omHoro muTT.H. IloBepTaiO"<~UCh 3 PuMa, BiH 3aMemKaB y MOHacTupi Ha ropi CiTpio. Harrepe.n;o.n;Hi BiH KapTaB o.n;Horo MoJio.n;oro lliJI.HXTU"tla 3a Mora rpimHe muTT.fl, a TOM 3 IIOMCTU 3p06UB HaKJieii, IIJ;O CB. PoMyaJib,ll; ,ll;OIIYCTUBC.H T.HmKoro 3JIO"<IUHY. TaMTemHi MOHaxu rroBipHJIU B :u;e, 3a6opoHUJIU MOMY Bi.n;rrpaBJI.HTH CJiym6y Bomy M .n;aJiu CB.fiTOMY BeJiuKy rroKyTy. TaKy HecrrpaBe.n;JiuBy Kapy BiH MOB"<~KU M TeprreJIHBO 3HOCUB micTh Mic.a:u;iB, am rroKu Bar B o6'.aBJieHHi HaKa3aB MOMY He MOB"tlaTu Ha HerrpaB.n;y M KpUB,ll;Y. .._ KoJIU HaCJii,ll;HHK 0TTOHa III KOPOJih reHpix II, 6amaiO"<IH rro6a"tJ:HTU cB. PoMyaJih.n;a, 3arrpocHB Mora .n;o cBoro .n;Bopy, rrpuMH.fiBlliH 3 BeJIUKOIO maHOIO B OTO"<IeHHi ,ll;BOp.HH, HaBiTh yCTaB 3 TpoHy, rn;o6 rrpuBiTaTH Mora. CB.HTUM yBech -qac MOB"<~aB, rn;o 3,ll;HByBaJio .n;Bop.HH i 36iJihlliUJIO rromaHy B KOPOJI.H, .fiKUM 6a"<IUB y :o;hoMy rroKopy CB.aToro. HacTyrrHoro ,ll;H.fl cB. PoMyaJih,ll; MaB rro6a"<~eHH.fl 3 caMHM KopoJieM, .HKOMY cML•:rq 3BepHyB yBary Ha. pi3Hi rroripmeHH.H B .n;epmaBi Ta rri.n;.n;aB MOMY .n;yMKY 36y.n;yBaTu MOHaCTHp, .n;e JIIO.n;u, rrocB.H"tleHi Bory, MorJiu 6 BipHime MoMy CJiymUTH. HaMcJiaBHimHM 3 ycix MOHaCTHpiB, RKi 3acHyBaB cB. PoMyaJih,ll;, € MOHaCTUp KaMaJib,ll;OJii (30 MUJih Ha CXi,ll; Bi,ll; lPJIOpeH:o;i'i), 3aCHOBaHUM 1009 poKy. Ha3Ba TOro MOHaCTHp.fl IIOXO,ll;UTh Bi,ll; "KaMrro MaJih,ll;OJii", T06To Bi.n; rroJI.a, rn;o HaJiemaJio rpa<}loBi MaJih,ll;OJii, .HKUM rro.n;apyBaB Mora rri.n; MOHaCTHp. Y TOM "<lac B ripchKiM .n;oJiuHi cB. PoMyaJih,ll; 3acHyBaB MOHacTup, Ha.n;aBmu MOHaxaM ycTaB CB. BeHe.n;uKTa, .n;orroBHeHUM .n;e.fiKUMU Mora BJiaCHHMU rrpaBuJiaMH. TaK cB. PoMyaJih,ll; cTaB 3aCHOBHUKOM HOBoro LfuHy KaMe.n;yJiiB; a rricJI.H Taro, .fiK B o.n;HoMy Bu.n;iHHi BiH 6a"<IUB, .HK ,iioro MOHaXU CIIHHaJIHC.H ,ll;O He6a ITO .n;pa6UHi B 6iJIHX o.n;emax, TO 3arrpoBa.n;uB y LfuHi 6iJii MOHami pRcu.

187

8 IliOToro Ha Bi.n;cTaHi .n;Box MHJib Bi.n; MoHacTMp.a aaCHYBa.B cB. PoMya.rrh.n; IIYCTeJibHIO, OTO'IeHy ,li;OBKOJia MypoM, II03a .HKHH HiXTO 3 rrycTeJihHi He BHXO,ZJ;HB. IIocTa'laB ii MOHacnrp B .n;oJIHHi. Y IIYCTeJibHi KO.)KHMH MOHaX MaB CBOIO KeJiiiO 3 KaiiJil'I'IKOIO ,li;JI.H Bi.n;rrpaBH CJiy.m6H Bo.mo'i :H: MaJIHH ropo.n;en;h, o6Be.n;eHMH MypoM. "l!epe3 ripCbKl'IH XOJIO,ll; y KO.mHiH KeJii'i 6yB IIOCTiHHl'IH BOrOHb. Xap'l, .n;poBa H yce IIOTpi6He IIpl'IHOCl'IJil'I KO.)KHOMY MOHaXOBi IIJ;O,li;H.H ,li;O KeJii'i, IIJ;06 He rrepepHBaTH MOJil'ITBl'I H ,ZJ;YXOBHI'IX p03,ZJ;yMiB IIyCTeJibHMKiB Ha,ZJ; Bi'IHl'IMl'I rrpaB,ZJ;aMH. Y Ha3Ha'leHHH 'laC CXO,ll;l'IJIHC.H BCi ,li;O n;epKBl'I Ha CIIiJihHi 6orOCJiy.m6H. Y Ci 36epiraJIH CyBope MOB'IaHH.H HaBiTb B He,ZJ;iJii, CB.HTa, IIOCTI'I 3Be'lopa .n;o paHKY. BMpaaHoro oaHaKoiO .mHTT.H KaMe.n;yJiiB e Bi.n;oKpeMJieHH.H. • MoHaxaM, .aKi Be.n;yTh cyBope .mHTT.H B rrycTeJibHi, HaCTO.HTeJib Mo.me, .HKIIJ;O n;e Bo.mHii rroKJIHK, .n;oaBOJIHTH rrpoBeCTH pernTy .)Kl'ITT.H B KeJii'i; TaKi 3aTBOpHMKl'I B.me HiKOJIM He rOBOp.HTb, xi6a ,li;O HMX 3ai:f:.n;e HaCTO.HTeJib a60 6paT. 3aTBOpHMKM 6araTO MOJI.HTbC.H :H: rrocT.HTb. CB. PoMyaJih,ZJ; KiJihKa poKiB rrpo.mMB y TaKiii KeJii'i.

Horo peBHi y-qHi :H: .n;oci HacJii.n;yiOTb Bi.n;oKpeMJieHe .mMTT.H cBoro rraTpiapxa.

3aKiH'IMB CB. PoMyaJib,ll; .)KJ:ITT.H, IIOBHe Bi,ZJ;BarM, CMJibHOl BOJii H HeBTOMHOrO ,ZJ;i.HHH.H B CBOeMy MOHaCTMpi 6iJI.H IloJii, 1027 poKy. "l!epe3 II' .HTb pOKiB Bi,ZJ;KOllaJIM HOrO TiJIO, .HKe 6yJIO HeTJiiHHMM; y TaKoMy .m CaMOMY CTaHi 6yJio BOHO i 1466 poKy, KOJIM .n;pyrMH paa orJI.a.n;a.rrH :H:oro cB. Morn;i.

8

JIIOTOrO

CBHTHH TEO,li;OP THPOH

;-

Cepe.n; CB.HTMX, .HKi Bi.n;.n;a.rrM cBoe .mMTT.H 3a XpMCTOBY Bipy, 6yB i CB. Teo.n;op TMpoH, T06To HOBo6paHeu;h. Po.n;oM BiH 6yB 3 BipMeHi'i a6o CMpi'i i cJiy.mMB y pMMCbKOMY BiiichKy. 3i cBo'iM rroJIKOM rrpM6yB BiH .n;o MicTa AMaci'i B MaJii:H: A3i'i. B TOR 'lac iMrrepaTopM faJiepi:H: i MaKCMMiH oroJIOCMJIM HaKaa rrpo Bi.n;HoBy ,[(ioKJieTiaHoBoro rrepecJii.n;yBaHH.H xpMCTM.HH. IIo6o.mHMH i Bi.n;Ba.mHMH BO.HK Teo.n;op .n;aJieKMH 6yB Bi.n; TOrO, IIJ;06 XOBaTM CBOIO xpMCTM.HHChKY Bipy. KoJIM aa Te rroBeJIM :H:oro Ha cy.n; .n;o yrrpaBMTeJI.H npoBiHu;i'i :H: Bii:f:cbKOBoro KOMeH.n;aHTa Jiei'ioHy Teo.n;op cMiJIMBO 3a.HBMB cy,ZJ;,ZJ;.HM: - .H He 3Haro BarnMX 6oriB. lcyc XpMcToc, e.n;MHMH Bo.mMii CMH, e MOIM BoroM. A .HKIIJ;O Mo'i cJioBa 3HeBa.maroTb Bac, BMpi.mTe

188

8 moToro MeHi .H3HKa; Kmf<Ha t.IaCTHHa MOrO TiJia rOTOBa BMepTH, .HKU~O Bar BHMarae ii .HK mepTBH. IIicJI.H Taro cy,n;,n;i 3BiJihHHJIH :H:oro, Ta cB. Teo,n;op, :w;o6 rrepeKOHaTH MYt.J:HTeJiiB IIpO CBOIO He3MiHHY IIOCTaHOBy, IIi.,n;IIaJIHB rroraHChKY 6omHnn;ro, :w;o CTO.HJia rrocepe,n; MicTa. KoJIH :H:oro yB'.H3HHJIH ,n;pyrHH pa3, cy,n;,n;i HaKa3aJIH HeMHJIOCep,n;HO 6Ht.IyBaTH :H:oro, a orricJI.H BKHHYTH ,n;o B '.H3HHI.I;i, ,n;e IIOTiiiiaJIH HOrO Bomi aHreJIH. IIicJI.H TpeTix ,n;orrnTiB 3acy,n;HJIH cB. Teo,n;opa Ha crraJieHH.H mnBn;eM y rreqi.

CTaJIOC.H n;e 1 7 JIIOToro 306 poKy. lloro TJiiHHi OCTa.HKH IIOXOBaJia 3 IIOIIIaHOIO II060mHa miHKa €BceBi.H. Y IIOXBaJihHiH IIpOIIOBi,n;i, .HKY BHroJIOCHB cB. I)mropi:H: HichKHH Ha,n; rpo6oM CB. Teo,n;opa B EBxa'iTi, rro6JIH3Y AMaci'i, B ,n;eHh :H:oro CB.HTa, 6yJio cKa3aHo, :w;o 3aB,n;.HKH 3acTyiiHHI.I;TBY cB. Teo,n;opa 6yJIH rrepeMomeHi CKHTH, .HKi HarraJIH Ha Kpa'iHy. Ha 3aKiH"t£eHH.H TOrO CJIOBa IIpOIIOBi,ll;HHK rrpocHB y CB.HToro 3acTyiiHHI.I;TBa CB. TEO,r:J:OP THPOH TaK: ".flK BO.HK - 6opOHH Hac; .HK Myt.IeHHK rrpOMOBJI.HH 3a Hac, rrpocn MHpy . .HK:w;o HaM Tpe6a 6iJihrnoro 3aCTYIIHHI.I;TBa; 36epH pa30M CBOIX 6paTiB-MYt.J:eHHKiB i 3 HHMH BCiMa MOJIHC.H 3a Hac. Ilpocn IleTpa, IlaBJia Ta :fioaHa ,n;6aTH rrpo n;epKBH, .HKi BOHR 3acHyBaJIH. Bt.IHHH TaK, :w;o6 3aB,n;.HKH TBO'iM MOJIHTBaM i TBo'ix rro6paTHMiB He IIIHPHJIHCh epeci, a xpHCTH.HHChKa ,n;epmaBa CTaJia IIJIO,li;OBHTHM IIOJieM".

8

JIIOToro

CBHTHH 3AXAPIH CB.HTHH rrpopoK 3axapi.H, iM' .H .HKoro oaHat.Iae "II aM' .HTh rociiO,li;H.H", 6yB CHHOM Bapaxi'iJia, 3 IIOKOJiiHH.H JleBi; BiH HaJiemHTh ,n;o i2 MaJIHX rrpopoKiB CTaporo 3arroBiTy. BncTyrraB BiH aa t.IaciB rrepChKoro n;ap.H ,ll;api.H, 3a 460 poKiB ,n;o Hapo,n;meHH.H

189

8 niOToro XpHcTa; 3aJIHIIIHB nicJI.H ce6e npopo'lly KHHry- 3 14 rJiaB. Moro npopOIJ;TBa .HK rpi3Hi, TaK i BTilllHi, Bi,n;noBi,ll;HO ,ll;O TO,ll;illlHbOrO cTaHOBHr:u;a iy,n;e'iB nicJI.H noBepHeHH.H 3 HeBoJii. HeBHnpaBHHM i 6e36omHHM i3pa'iJihT.HHaM norpomyBaB BomHMH KapaMH, a npaiJe,n;HHM ,n;apyBaB Ha,n;iro Ha Kpar:u;i 'l!acH 3 npHxo,n;oM MeciL SoKpeMa, cB. Saxapi.H npe,n;piK: 1. IloKipHHH B''i3,n; Icyca XpHCTa ,n;o CpycaJIHMa; 2. BH,n;aHH.H Moro 3a 30 cpi6H.HKiB; 3.

Ilpo6HTT.H IJ;B.HXaMH H CnHCOM; 4. BTe'lly Y'lJHiB; 5. IlepecJii,n;yBaHH.H IJ;epKBH Ta nolllHpeHH.H XpHcToBoro :u;apcTBa no BChOMY CBiTi. 1. "Pa,n;yM:c.H BeJihMH, o ,n;o'liKO CioHy! BHKpHKyM:, o ,n;o'liKO €pycaJIHMa! Ocb :u;ap TBiM: i,n;e ,n;o Te6e, cnpaBe,n;JIHBHH i nepeMomHHH, CMHpeHHRH i BepxR Ha OCJii 'i,n;e, Ha OCJI.HTi, Ha MOJio,n;eHhKiM: ocJIH:o;i. .. BiH oroJIOCHTh MHp Hapo,n;aM, i BJia,n;a M:oro 6y,n;e Bi,n; Mop.H am ,n;o Mop.H, i Bi,n; PiKH ,n;o KiH:o;iB 3eMJii" (Sax 9:9-10) 2. "I .H CKa3aB IM: "KoJIH Ballla JiaCKa, ,n;a:itTe MeHi MOIO nJiaTy, a KOJIR Hi, TO JIRilliTh". I BOHR Bi,n;BamRJIH MeHi MOIO nJiaTy TpR,ll;IJ;.HTb cpi6HRX. AJie rocno,n;h CKa3aB MeHi: "KRHb H ,n;o cKap6HR:o;i, TY ,n;opory :o;iHy, 3a .HKY BOHR MeHe o:o;iHHJIH". I B3.HB .H TpR,ll;IJ;.HTI. cpi6HHX i BKRHYB y ,n;iM focno,n;HiH, y CKap6HRIJ;IO" (Sax 11:12-13).

3. " ... Ha ,n;iM ,II;aBH,n;a H Ha MelllKaHIJ;iB €pycaJIHMa 3iJIJIIO ,n;yx JiaCKR Ta 6JiaraHH.H, i BOHR rJI.H,ll;iTRMYTb Ha MeHe, .HKOrO npOKOJIOJIR, i rOJIOCRTRMYTh no HhOMy, .HK no CRHOBi-O,ll;RHaKOBi, M: 6y,n;yTh ripKo nJiaKaTR no HbOMy, .HK nJia'llyTh no nepBopo,n;HOMy" (Sax 12:10).

4. "I KOJIR XTOCh M:oro cnRTae: "A IIJ;O TO y Te6e 3a paHR Ha pyKax?", - BiH Bi,n;noBiCTb: "IJ;e MeHe nopaHeHO y ,ll;OMi MOlX ,n;py3iB". OM:, Me'lly, BCTaHh npoTR Moro nacTyxa, npoTH Myma cniJihHRKa Moro, - cJioBo rocno,n;a CHJI . .H B,n;apro nacTyxa, i po36imaThC.H BiB:o;i" (Sax 13:6-7).

5. "Bo .H 36epy BCi Hapo,n;H Ha BiHHY npOTR €pycaJIHMa. I MiCTO 6y,n;e 3,ll;06yTe, H p03rpa6oBaHi 6y,n;yTh 6y,n;HHKR, i 3He'l!er:u;eHe 6y,n;e miHOIJ;TBO. I noJIOBRHa MicTa ni,n;e B noJioH, pelllTa m Hapo,n;y He 6y,n;e BHKOpiHeHa 3 MiCTa. I TO,n;i BRCTynRTh focnO,ll;b i 6y,n;e BOIOBaTR npOTR TRX Hapo,n;iB TaK, .HK BiH BOIOe ni,n; 'l!ac 6oro... Toro ,n;H.H noTe'llyTh mRBi BO,n;R 3 €pycaJIHMa; noJIOBHHa 'ix ,n;o cxi,n;Horo Mop.H, a noJIOBHHa ,n;o 3axi,n;Horo; TaK 6y,n;e JiiTOM i 3HMOIO. I rocno,n;b CTaHe :o;l}peM Ha,n; yciero 3eMJieiO. B TOR ,n;eHb rocno,n;b 6y,n;e e,n;HHRH, i e,n;HHe M:oro iM'.H ... I mHTHMYTh y HbOMy, H npOKJI.HTT.H 6iJihlll He 6y,n;e, i €pyCaJIRM CTO.HTRMe 6e3ne'l1Ho ... Yci, r:u;o aocTaHyThC.H 3 ysix TRX Hapo,n;iB,

190

9-10

niOTOro

.HKi npRMillJIR ITpOTR 8pyCB.JIRMa, 6y,n;yTI:. CXO,ll;RTH :m;opoKy, :m;o6 TIOKJIOHRTHC.H I.J.apeBi, focnop;eBi CRJI ... " (3ax 14:2-3, 8-9, 11, 16).

3arHHYB CB. npopOK 3axapi.H My"l[eHRIJ;:bKOIO CMepTIO B npHTBopi xpaMy Bi,n; pyK po3JIIO"l[eHRX iy,n;ei:B. OcTaHHi iforo CJIOBa .• 6yJIR: "focno,n;I:. 6a"l[HTI:. i 6y,n;e :u;e cy,n;HTR". Ha3RBaiOTI:. cB. 3axapiro TaKom "ceprroBH,n;:u;eM", 6o BiH 6a"l[RB Ha He6i cepn - 3HaK 6JIH3:bKOl KapR ,ll;JI.H 6e360mHRKiB. 9

JIIOTOrO

CBHTHH HHKH«<»OP Cepe,n; "l[HCJieHHHX CB. My"l[eHHKiB noci,n;ae cBoe Mic:u;e CB. HHKR!}Jop, .HKRH ,n;o6poBiJII:.HO 3roJIOCRBC.H Ha M~eHRIJ;I:.KY cMepTI:. aa cB. Bipy 3aMiCTI:. KOJIRmHI:.oro cBoro npRHTeJI.H CanpRKia, .HKRH ITOCBapRBCH 3 HHKR!}JOpOM, He XOTiB 3 HRM IIOMRpRTRC.H, a BKiH:u;i, 3 60.H3Hi nepep; M~eHHIJ;:bKOIO CMepTIO, Bi,ll;CTYIIRB Bip; BipR. 10

JIIOTOro

CBHTHH XAPAJIAMDIH 3a rrporroBi,n;yBaHH.H Bomoro cJioBa yB' .H3HRJIH 3a rrpaBJiiHH.H pRMCI:.Koro iMrrepaTopa CeBepa (+211) cTapeHI:.Koro 113-JiiTHI:.oro enRcKorra cRpiii:ci:.Koro MicTa MarHe3il cB. XapaJiaMrri.H. KoJIR fl:oro IlpHBeJIR ,ll;O cy,n;,n;iB JlyKi.HHa H JlyKi.H, BiH CMiJIRBO 3a.HBRB, :m;o BipRTI:. y XpHcTa. To,n;i BOHR HaKa3a.n:R po3,n;.HrHyTR CB.HTor.o, ni,n;BimaTR Ha pRillTOBaHHi H 3aJii3HHMH KirT.HMR p;p.HIIaTR HOrO TiJIO- 3,ll;RpaTR mKipy Bi,n; rOJIOBFI ,ll;O CTin. Am MOp03 npOXO,ll;RB no TiJiax O"l[eBR,n;:u;iB, .HKi ,n;RBHJIHC.H Ha TaKy MyKy. A cB. BJia,n;RKa :m;e rOBOpHB KaTaM: ",[(.HKYIO BaM, 6paTT.H, :m;o Bli o6cTpyra.n:R MOe CTape TiJIO, 60 TRM BH OHOBRJIH MOrO p;yxa, :m;o 6amae o,n;.HrHyTRC.H B HOBe, Bi"l[He mRTTH" . IIo6a"l[HBmR TaKY MymHicTI:.

CB. XapaJiaMIIi.H, noBipRJIR B XpRCTa ,n;Ba iforo M~HTeJii, Ilop!}JRpifl: i BaHToc, a TaKom TPR miHKH; Bcix i:x Bi,n;pa3y 3apy6aJIR Me"l[aMR. CMepTI:. HaBepHeHRX He HaJI.HKaJia Hapo,n;y; KOJIH rri,n; "l[ac MYK cB. XapaJiaMrria no"l[aJIH ,n;i.HTRC.H "l[y,n;a, Maiime Bee MicTo HaBepHyJioc.H ,n;o XpHCTOBoi: BipR; caM BOeBo,n;a JlyKiii BR3HaB BeJIRKHM XPJiCTR.HHCI:.Koro Bora. CTpRBomeHRH TRM KOHCYJI

191

11

ntOTOrQ

JlyKi.R:H noBi,n;oMHB npo Bee iMnepaTopa CeBepa, .R:KI,n1: 3BeJiiB npHBeCTH cB. XapaJiaMni.a ,n;o llHCH,li;CbKO'i AHTjoxi'i, ,n;e 3HOBY T.R:mKo MYtiHJIH :flora. lli,n; tiac THX cTpam,n;aHh CB.aToro Bar npocJiaBHB :flora pi3HHMH tiy,n;aMH; To,n;i HaBepHyJiac.a ,n;o XpHcTa iMnepaTopcbKa ,n;otiKa faJIHHa, a 3a Hero :H: iHmi noraHH. HaBiTh CaM iMnepaTOp CTaB BaraTHCb y CBOeMy TIOraHCTBi, Ta 3a HaMOBOlO KOHCyJia KpHnca BKiHrd BH,n;aB HaKa3 y6HTH CB.aToro MetieM. KoJIH CB. XapaJiaMni:H: cTaB Ha KOJiiHa, I.I.l;06 ,n;aTH CBOIO roJioBy ni,n; Mel!, .R:BHBC.R: M:oMy XpHcToc. CB.aTHH npocHB flora, I.I.l;06 Ha TOMY Micu;i, ,n;e CTIO'!HHYTb iforo MOI.I.l;i, He 6yJIO Hi rOJIO,ll;y, Hi He,n;yr, Hi nornecTi Ha xy,n;o6y, I.I.l;06 TaM u;aproBaB MHp, I.I.l;06 yci mHJIH B ,n;o6pi, a noHa,n; yce - B BomiM: Jiacu;i. ITicJI.a Tiei: MOJIHTBH ,n;yrna CB. MYtJeHHKa CTIOKiHHO nepeHlliJia B Kpai.I.l;HH CBiT. KoJIH KaT ni,n;Hic Metia, I.I.l;06 Bi,n;py6aTH CB. XapaJiaMnieBi roJioBy, TO no6atiHB, I.I.l;O TiJihKH M:oro TiJio Mae nepe,n; co6oro, 6o ,n;yma 3 "rap.R:l!OlO MOJIHTB010 TIOJIHHyJia ,li;O He6a.

ByJIO :o;e 10 JIIOTOrO 202 poKy. TiJIO CB. MYtJeHHKa TIOXOBaJia u;apiBHa faJIHHa, .R:KiH 6aTbKO ,li;03BOJIHB »tHTH TIO-XpHCTH.HHCbKH. 11

JIIOTOro

.,

il

CB.HTHH BJIACIH

CB. BJiaciM: 6yB cnotiaTKY JiiKapeM, a onicJI.a - enHcKonoM y MicTi CeBacTi'i B MaJii:H: A3i'i. KoJIH 3a npaBJiiHH.R: iMnepaTopa ,IJ;ioKJieTiaHa cH,n;iB y B'.R:3HHII;i B CeBacTi'i CB. MYtJeHHK €BcTaTi:H:, CB. BJiaciM: o,n;Hie:'i HOtii Bi,n;Bi,n;aB M:oro, Bi,n;npaBHB TaM CJiym6y Bomy M: ,n;aB M:oMy cB. llpHtiaCT.H. KoJIH 3ro,n;oM 6araTo xpHCTH.R:H 3 CeBacTi'i nepexoByBaJIHC.H B rrycTHHi, 3a HHMH nirnoB i cB. BJiaciM: Ta noceJIHBC.R: B netiepi no6JIH3Y ropH Apr'ec. He3a6apoM 3HaHlliJIH :flora TaM BO.R:KH, .R:Ki JIOBHJIH ,li;:HKHX 3BipiB ,li;JI.R: MytieHH.H XpHCTH.R:H, 3aKyBaJIH B Ka:fl,n;aHH i TipHBeJIH ,ll;O HaMiCHHKa Ar'pHKOJia.a. CB. BJiaciM: nirnoB oxotie Ha cy,n;, 6o Hanepe,n;o,n;Hi TPHtii .HBHBC.R: :H:oMy XpHcToc i cKa3aB npnHeCTH .HK CB.R:I.I.l;eHHKy cB. mepTBy . .LJ:opororo JiiKyBaB CB.HTHH He TiJihKH He,n;ymHx Jiro,n;e:H:, aJie M: 3BipiB. O,n;Ha MaTH np:HBeJia ,n;o CB.aToro CBOrO CHHa, .R:KOMY 3aCTp.R:rJia y ropJii pH6'.atia KiCTKa; CB. BJiaci:fl IIOMOJIHBC.H - i XJIOTI'!:HHa CTaB 3,li;OpOB:HH. 3 TOrO tiacy npH3HBaiOTb CB. BJiaCi.R: Ha TIOMiti yci Ti, I.I.l;O He3,n;yma10Tb Ha ropJIO. KoJIH CB.aToro npHBeJIH ,n;o Ar'pHKOJia.a, rrepe,n; .HKHM BiH CMiJIHBO BH3HaB CB010 XpHCTH.HHCbKY Bipy, HaKa3aB HaMiCH:HK Bi,n;BeCTH M:oro ,n;o B '.H3HHII;i. HacTynHoro ,l(HH cneprny JiacKaBHMH

192

12 llJOToro

CJIOBaMH npo6yBaB Ar'pHKOJiaH HaMOBHTH CBHToro .n;o Bi,n;cTyncTBa Bi,n; XpHcTOBoi: BipH, a KOJIH u;e lioMy He B,ll;aJIOCH, HaKa3aB 6HTH noro naJIHD;HMH H CTpyraTH 3aJii3HHMH rpe6eHHMH. KoJIH CBHTOro Bi,li;BO,ll;HJIH 3HOBY ,li;O B'H3HHD;i, 3a HHM iiiiJIO CiM no6omHHX miHOK, HKi 36HpaJIH KpanJii KPOBi, :ru;o cnJIHBaJIH 3 noro paH, L nOMa3yBaJIHCH HHMH. J1oraHH 3aTpHMaJIH THX miHOK, a KOJIII BOHH BH3HaJIH cBoiO Bipy B XpHcTa, B3HJIH i:x Ha THmKi MYKH, a onicJIH 3apy6aJIH Me"tJ:eM. llicJIH CMepTi miHoK 3BeJiiB AtpHKOJiaH 3HOBY BHBeCTH CB. BJiaciH 3 B'H3HHD;i H 3acy,n;HB noro Ha YTOnJieHHH. KoJIH Bme BKHHYJIH CBHTOrO B 03epo, BiH CTaB XO,li;HTH no BO,ll;i, Halle no TBep.n;in 3eMJii, npocJiaBJIHB Bora Ta 3aKJIHKaB nora.H 3po6HTH Te caMe 3a .n;onoMoroiO cBoi:x 6oriB. To.n;i KHHYJIHCH 3a HHM 68 BOHKiB, Ta Bci noTonHJIHCH. A CBHTHH BHHIIIOB Ha 6eper, cTaB nepe.n; MY"lJ:HTeJieM i cKa3aB: "IloKalicH H: Bip y XpHcTa!" To.n;i AtpHKOJiaH HaKa3aB y6HTH noro Me"tJ:eM, a 3 HHM TaKom - ,li;BOX XJIOn"llHKiB, CHHiB O,li;Hiel 3 THX ciMOX My"lleHHD;b, Ill;O pa30M 3 HHM CH,ll;iJIH y B'H3HHD;i. CTaJIOCH u;e 316 poKy. CBHToro CBHID;eHoMy"lleHHKa BJiaciH (BnamKa) BBamaroTh B YKpalHi oniKyHOM CBiHCbKHX TBapHH; KOJIH Mim HHMH IIIHpHJiaCb HKacb nornecTh, rocno.n;api npH3HBaJIH .n;onoMorH cB. BJiaciH .

....

12

JilOToro

CB.HTHii: MEJIETiii AHTioxilicbKHH naTpiapx cB. MeneTiH 6yB, HK nHrne cB. fpHropin BorocJioB, "Haii:no6omHiiiiHM enHcKonoM, npocTHM, Bip;BepTHM, nOBHHM Bora, Jiarip;HHM, MymHiM i noKipHHM". , lloxo,n;HB BiH 3i cJiaBHoro po.n;y B MicTi MeJiiTHHi y BipMeHil. Xo"ll 3pocTaB cepe.n; .n;ocTaTKY n Mir mHTH 6e3Typ6oTHHM mHTTHM, npoTe :ru;e K>HaKoM BnpaBJIHBCH B yMepTBiHHi n nocTax. 3aB,n;HKH p;o6piif CJiaBi HK cepep; npaBOBipHHX, TaK i cepep; epeTHKiB-apiaH noro BH6paJIH enHCKOnOM MiCTa CeBaCTil. Ta B TOMY MicTi BiH 3YCTpiB TaKHH cnpOTHB, ID;O MyCiB 3peKTHC.H enHCKOnCbKOl CTOJIHD;i. llicJIH Toro nepe6yBaB HKHHCh "tJ:ac y nycTHHi, a 3ro,n;oM - y MicTi Bepei: B CHpil.

Y TOR "tJ:ac apiaHH B"llHHHJIH BeJIHKHH 3aKOJIOT y cHpilicbKOMY MicTi AHTioxil, nporHaBIIIH 3Bi,n;TH 331 poKy naTpiapxa CB. €BcTaTiH. Bnpo,n;oBm 30 JiiT npaBoBipHi 6yJIH no,n;iJieHi: o,n;Hi npH3HaBaJIH pa3oM 3 apiaHaMH i:xHix enHcKoniB, iHrni, 3a npOBO,li;OM CB~ID;eHHKa J1aBJIHHa, TpHMaJIHCH Bip; HHX nop;aJii,

193

12 !ltoToro

36Hpa.JIHC.H OKpeMO Ha 6oroc.Jiym6H H H83HB8JIH ce6e €BCTaTi.HHaMH a6o II8BJIHHi.HH8MH. 3 HeiiOXHTHHMH y Bipi 6yB y .n;o6pHX B3aeMHHax cB. ATaHacift OJieKcaH.n;piiichKHH. Ko.JIH apiaHH rrporHa.JIH 3 AHTioxi'i errHcKorra E:BcTaTi.H, II8TpiapiiiHH rrpeCTOJI 38JIHIII8BC.H He38HH.HTHM, TO.D;i 38 CTapaHH.HM C8MHX apiaH i .D;e.HKHX rrpaBOBipHHX BH6pa.JIH 361 pOKY Ha rraTpi.Hpxa cB. Me.JieTi.H Myma .n;ocTOHHoro, My.n;poro, rrpaBe.n;Horo if ymo6JieHD;.H Hapo.n;y. IMrrepaTop KoHCT8HTiH IIOTBep.n;HB TOR BH6ip i 3arrpocHB cB. Me.JieTi.H .n;o AHTioxi'i. "lJaCTHHa K8TOJIHKiB He IIpH3H8JI8 ftoro apxirracTHpeM, BBamaiO"tJH ftoro BH6ip He38KOHHHM, 60 B HhOMY 6pa.JIH y-qacTh epeTHKH. Ili.n; -qac Taro rrepIIIoro rrepe6yBaHH.H B AHTioxi'i cB. Me.JieTiH BHCB.HTHB Ha .D;H.HKOHa cB. BacHJii.H Be.JIHKoro.

Ili.n; -qac BH6opy cB. Me.JieTi.H Ha rraTpiapxa AHTioxi'i apiaHH Bi.n;.n;a.JIH 38 HhOrO CBOl rOJIOCH, H8.D;iiO"L£HCh, ID;O BOHH rropo3yMiiOThC.H 3 HHM. Ta cTa.JIOCh iHaKIIIe. He3a6apoM rric.JI.H BH6opy rrpH6yB .n;o AHTioxi'i iMrrepaTop KoHcTaHTift, 6amaiO"tJH, ID;06 pi3Hi errHcKorrH rro.HCHHJIH ftoMy c.JioBa CB.HToro IIHChMa rrpo Bomy IIpeMy.n;picTh: "focrro.n;h CTBOPHB MeHe IIO"tJHHOM IIyTi CBOel, rrepiiiOIO 3 ftoro "tJHHiB crroKOHBi"tJHHX. H CB. MEJIETil1: H8CT8HOBJieHa 6yJI8 Bi.D; BiKy, Bi.D; IIO"ti8TKY, paHiiiie, Him 3eMJI.H rrocTa.Jia" (IIpHrr 8:22-23). IOpift, Jlao.n;HKiiichKHH errHcKorr, rro.HCHHB Ti c.JioBa rro-apiaHChKH, AKaKiH 3 Kecapi'i - Tem rroepeTHD;hKH, a cB. Me.JieTiH rro.HCHHB Ti r.JIH6oKi c.JioBa rrpaBoBipHo, po3yMiiO"tJH 'ix .HK BTi.JieHH.H Bomoro CHHa. D;e cMi.JIHBe if rrpHJIIO.n;He BH3HaHH.H rrpaB.D;HBo'i XpHcToBo'i BipH TaK po3JIIOTHJIO apiaH, ID;O Ha lXHIO BHMOry iMrrepaTop "tlepe3 30 .D;HiB IIiCJI.H cxBa.JieHH.H BH6opy Me.JieTi.H Ha rraTpiapxa, rrporHaB ftoro 3 AHTioxi'i .n;o BipMeHi'i, a rraTpiapxoM cTaB epeTHK 8B30H. To.n;i Bi.n; apiaH Bi.n;Jiy"tJHJiac.H if peiiiTa rrpaBoBi'pHHX, .HKi Terrep xoTi.JIH IIO€.D;H8THC.H 3 II8BJIHHi.R:-HaMH; Ta Ti He XOTi.JIH Hi IIpHHH.HTH IX .n;o cBoe'i rpoMa.n;H, Hi BH3HaTH cB. Me.JieTi.H CBOIM rraTpiapxoM, 194

12

JliOTOro

TOMY ~o 6amai01fHX a'e)l;HaHHH npaBoBipHHX xpHCTHJIH apiaHH, a CB. MeJieTiM 6yB BH6paHHM TaKom i apiaHChKHMH roJiocaMH. "l.Jepe3 TaKy HenpHMHpeHHiCTb naBJIHHiHH IIOrJIH6HJIOCH p03'€)l;HaHH.H npaBOBipHHX, .HKi Tenep MaJIH )];BOX ,IJ;ymnaCTHpiB, 60 IlaBJIHHi.HHH BH6paJIH E:IIHCKOIIOM CBOrO npOBi)J;HHKa IlaBJIHHa. A.Jie 6iJihiDiCTb npaBOBipHHX 3aJIHIDHJIHC.H Ha)J;aJii BipHHMH CB. MeJieTieBi, ~o )J;aJieKo BiA cBo'ix BipHHX MOJIHBC.H aa HHX Bory M BiB CB.HTe mHTT.H, noBHe qecHOTH M )J;o6pHx )J;iJI. MeJieTi.HHH ~Hpo JII06HJIH CBOrO CB.HTOrO naCTHp.H, )];iTeM Ha3HBaJIH MOrO iMeHeM, BBamaiO"tJH u;e npHKpacoiO cBo'ix po)J;HH, 6eaneKOIO )J;OMiB i cnaciHH.HM THX, IIJ;O MaTHMYTb iM'.H CB. naTpiapxa. Ilo XaTaX CTaBHJIH o6pa3H CB.HTOrO M pa,ll;iJIH MOrO IIO)J;060IO. 3a HacTynHoro iMnepaTopa, IOJiiaHa Bi)l;cTynHHKa, CB. MeJieTiM BepHyBc.H a aacJiaHH.H AO AHTioxi'i (362 p .); MeJieTi.HHH npHMH.HJIH Mora 3 pa,ll;iCTIO, M yBecb Cxi)J; npH3HaB CB. MeJieTi.H aaKOHHHM apxinacTHpeM AHTioxil. Ta poa 'E:)J;HaHH.H TPHBaJio )J;aJii, 6o npoTH CB. MeJieTi.H npo)J;oBmyBaJIH BHCTynaTH naBJIHHi.HHH, a a HHMH cB. ATaHaciM OJieKcaH,ll;piMcbKHM i Becb npaBoBipHHM 3axi)J;. BiAHOCHHH B AHTioxii: 6yJIH Ha)J;3BH1faMHO CKJia)J;Hi. ApiaHH noaaMMaJIH Bci u;epKBH, KpiM O)J;Hi£1, .HKY Bi)J;)J;aJIH ,~J;o6po­ BiJibHO IlaBJIHHOBi. CB. MeTeJiiM He MaB y MicTi ){W)J;Ho'i u;epKBH M MyciB Bi)J;npaBJI.HTH CJiym6y Bomy noaa HHM y CTapoBHHHiM u;epKBi cB. AnocToJiiB. KpiM apiaHCbKOi: epeci M poa'e,ll;HaHH.H Mim npaBoBipHHMH, CB. MeJieTi.H aacMytfyBaJio IIJ;e M Te, IIJ;O IOJiiaH Bi)J;cTynHHK apo6HB AHTioxiiO CTOJIHIJ;eiO Bi)J;HOBJieHoro noraHCTBa. KoJIH CB .

MeJieTiM cnpoTHBHBC.H iMnepaTopchKHM 3a)J;YMaM, IOJiiaH 3HOBY aacy)J;HB Moro Ha aacJiaHH.H, aBiAKH BiH, O)J;HaK, Heaa6apoM BepHyBC.H nicJI.H CKOpOl CMepTi !OJiiaHa y BiMHi 3 nepcaMH. 3a IOJiiaHoBoro HacTynHHKa, iMnepaTopa HoBiHiaHa, npaBoBipHi BTimaJIHC.H iMnepaTopchKOIO JiacKoiO, a cB. MeJieTiM ai CB.8BceBieM CaMocaTCbKHM Ta cB. IleJiarieM Jiao,ll;HKiMcbKHM CKJIHKaJIH B AHTioxil Co6op, Ha .HKOMY 27 enncKoniB BH3HaJIM Bipy B 6omecTBO Icyca XpHcTa i aacy)J;MJIH apiaH. Y TOM qac oxpMCTHB CB. MeJieTiM cB. IBaHa 3oJioToycToro i npMaHatfHB :Horo n;epKOBHHM tfHTIJ;eM; npH CB. naTpiapXOBi nepe6yBaB TO)J;i CB. !BaH TpH POKH. HacTynHMK HoBiHiaHa, iMnepaTop BaJieHT, 6yB cnotfaTKY npaBOBipHHM, aJie 3rO)J;OM IIi)]; BIIJIHBOM miHKH CTaB apiaHMHOM i mopCTOKHM rOHHTeJieM BipHHX. IlpH6yBIDH 372 pOKY )J;O AHTioxi'i, BiH npo6yBaB nepeT.HrHyTH cB. MeJieTi.H B Ta6ip apiaH, Ta KOJIH n;e M!!IMY He B)J;aJIOC.H, IlpOrHaB CB. MeJieTi.H TpeTiM pa3 Ha aacJiaHH.H. KoJIH Hapo,ll; )J;OBi)J;aBc.H npo TY cyMHY no)J;iiO,

195

12

JliOTOro

rri~HHBCH Ha o6opoHy cBoro HecrrpaBe~nnBo rr~pecni~yBaHoro

apxirraCTHpH IT 06KH~aB KaMiHHHM iMrrepaTOpCbKOrO HaMicHHKa, HKnii: BHB03HB cB. MeneTiH 3 AHTioxil; HaMiCHHK 6yB 6H, HarreBHO, 3arHHyB, HK6H CBHTHH He 3acnoHHB HaMiCHHKa CBOlM rrn~eM. IIicnH Toro cB. MeneTiii: rrepe6yBaB y BipMeHil, B CBOE:MY MaE:TKY B reTa3i. THM qacoM B AHTioxii: moTyBaB BaneHT, rrepecni~yJOqFJ: ITpaBOBipHHX; ane BOHR BHHBHnH ce6e BipHHMH IT ITOCTiHHHMH y Bipi, .HK i lXHiH rraTpiapx, xoq lX i rrporaHHnll 3 MiCTa, 3-H~ piKH, 3 rip, - 3Bi~ycinh, ~e BOHR 36HpanHCH . .ll:eHKi 3aKiHqFJ:nH mHTTH B MyKax, iHIIIHX KnHynH B piKy OpoHT. IIicnH cMepTi BaneHTa 378 poKy, 3a iMrrepaTopa fpaTiHHa, BTHXnO rrepecni~yBaHHH IT HaCTaB ~nH rrpaBOBipHHX qac BOni. CB. MeneTiii: BepHyBcH 3 3acnaHHH i TpeTiii: pa3 rrociB cBiii: rraTpiapiiiHii: rrpecTon. Yce MicTo BHii:IIIno ii:oMy Ha3ycTpiq, 6araTo BipHnx BBamanH ce6e m;acnnBHMH, m;o MomyTh 6aqFJ:TH ii:oro nm:1;e, qyTH ii:oro ronoc.

THM qacoM po3'e:~HaHHH rrpaBoBipHHM qepe3 rraBnnHiHH rroiiinpHnoch 3 AHTioxil Ha iHIIIi n;epKBH B rrpoBiHn;il. CB. MeneTiii: CTapaBCH ITOBepHyTH BipHHM n;epKOBHY E:~HiCTh, y qoMy ~orroMaraB ii:oMy cB. BacHniii: BennKnii:. ,n:o AHTioxil rrpH6YB 379 poKy iM:rrepaTopchKHH reHepan Carrop, m;o6 ~orroMorTH XpHCTHHHChKHM ITaCTHpHM BepHyTHCH ~0 CBOlX n;epKOB, TO~i jK Bi~6ynaCH E:ITHCKOITCbKa Hap~a, Ha HKiH 6yB TaKO)K i ITpOTHBHHK CB. MeneTiH e:rrHcKorr IlaBnHH. CB. MeneTiii: 3arrporroHyBaB IlaBnHHOBi pa30M B 3naro~i yrrpaBnHTll BipHHMH, a ITiCnH CMepTi O~HOrO 3 HHX TOll, ID;O 3anHIIIHThCH, CTaHe O~HHM ITaCTHpeM ycix BipHHX. BiH roBopnB ~o IlaBnHHa: "36epiMo cBoi:x oBen;h B o~HY OTapy ii: 6epemiMo i:x pa3oM. HKm;o e:rrncKorrchKHii: rrpecTon € rrpFJ:qFJ:HOIO HaiiiOl cyrrepeqKFJ:, TO ITOKna~eMO Ha HhOMY 8BaHrenie: ii: ci~aii:Mo no o6ox ii:oro 6oKax. XTo 3 Hac rrpomHBe ~OBIIIe, 6y~e O~HHM rraCTHpeM yChOrO CTa~a". IlaBnHH BaraBCH, Me orricnH, Ma6yTh, 3ro~HBCH Ha n;e. lcTopHK Teo~opeT 3ra~ye:, m;o reHepan Carrop, HKHH 6yB cy~~e10 Ha rreperoBopax, Bi~~aB n;epKBH, m;o 3axorrnnH apiaHH, cB. MeneTie:Bi. IIicnH Toro cB. rraTpiapx peBHO B3HBCH ycyBaTH BCHKHH Hen~, crrpHqFJ:HeHnii: apiaHChKOlO e:peCClO, ITOraHCTBOM IT p03'E:~HaHHHM rrpaBOBipHHX. Po3yMHHMH HayKaMH rrpocBiqyBaB cBoi:x BipHHX, a TaKom 6araThOX apiaH HaBepHyB ~o rrpaBoBipHOCTi. CBHTHM mnTTHM i pi3HHMH qecHOTaMH, a ronOBHO nari~HiCTlO, ITOKOpOlO IT CHnOID )J;yxy cepe~ TPY~Hom;iB BiH rrpocnaBnHB XpHCTOBY QepKBY Ta rrepeMaraB 11 rrpoTHBHHKiB. BaraTo 3 ii:oro BipHHX yqHiB, HKi ii:IIInH 3a ii:oro HayxoiD ii: rrpnKn~oM CB. mnTTH, CTMH cBiTnnaMH IJ;epKBH. Qe <l>naBiHH, ii:oro HaCTYITHHK Ha rraTpiapiiiOMY rrpec-

196

12 ntOToro

ToJii, AKaKi:H, errHcKorr BHpi:HcbKH:H, ,[(io.u;op Tapci:HcbKHH i EJirri.n;i:H Jiao.n;HKi:HcbKHH, a roJIOBHO - CB. !BaH 3oJioToycTH:H. TaKom cB. ATaHaci:H a:aJiaro,z:t;HB aro.n;oM 3i CB. MeJieTieM rrpHSI3Hi CTOCYHKH. qepe3 KiJibKa MicSI:o;iB rricJI.H cMepTi CB. BacHJiiSI BeJIHKoro, • 379 poKy, Bi,n;6yBcSI B AHTioxii: rri.n; rrpoBo,n;oM cB. MeJieTiSI CHHo.u; ·· errHcKorriB, rn;o 3aKpirrHB rrpaBoBipHy HayKy rrpo IIpecBSITY Tpi:H:u;ro Ta ocy,n;HB epecb ArroJiiHapiSI, SIKHH HaBl.JaB, rn;o Hal.Je6To XpHcToc MaB TiJio 3 He6a :11: He MaB rrpaB,z:t;HBo'i JIIO,z:t;CbKo'i ,n;yiiii.

KoJIH rricJISI fpa:u;iSIHa Ha Cxo.n;i iMrrepaTopoM cTaB Teo,n;oci:H, TO 380 poKy, IIpH6yBIIIH ,ll;O IJ;apropo.n;a, HaKa3aB KOHcpicKyBaTH B apiaH :u;apropO,ll;CbKi :o;epKBH i rrepe,n;aTH lX CB. rpHropieBi BorocJioBoBi, rn;o 6yB To,n;i apxirracTHpeM :u;apropo,n;chKHX rrpaBOBipHHX. 3a rropa,n;oiO CB. rpHropiSI iMrrepaTop Teo,n;oci:H rrocrrpH.HB, rn;o6 381 poKy Bi.n;6yBc.H B IJ;apropo,n;i CHHO.n; cxi,n;HHX E:IIHCKOIIiB ,Zl;JISI llOJia,ZJ;HaHHSI HaraJibHHX :o;epKOBHHX crrpaB. Y TpaBHi IIpH6yJIO ,ll;O IJ;apropo,n;a 150 eiiHCKOIIiB, cepe,n; SIKHX 6araTo CBSITHX Ta icrroBi,n;HHKiB, a TaKom 36 errHcKorriB-epeTHKiB (MaKe,n;oHiSIH), smi He rrpHaHaBaJIH BoroM CBSIToro ,[(yxa. roJIOBOIO CHHO,I.I;Y BH6paJIH CB. MeJieTiSI. KoJIH p03IIOl.JaJIHCSI Hapa.n;H CHHo,n;y, epeTHII;bKi errHCKOIIH CKJiaJIH 3aSIBY rrpoTH HiKe:HcbKoro CHMBOJIY BipH :11: rroKHHYJIH CHHo.u;. __ IIepiiioiO crrpaBoiO, SIKY BHpiiiiHB To:H CHHo,n;:-6yJio rrpH3Hal.JeHHSI CB. rpHropiSI BorOCJIOBa :u;apropo,n;CbKHM rraTpiapxoM. Bi,n;pa3y rricJISI Toro cB. MeJieTi:H 3aHe,n;ymaB i rroMep y IJ;apropo,n;i rri.n; l.Jac Cn Ho,n;y B KiH:u;i TpaBHSI 381 poKy. CMepTb CB. MeJieTi.H 3aCMYTHJia OTII;iB Co6opy :11: caMoro iMrrepaTopa. B IJ;apropo,n;i Bi,n;6yBc.H BeJIHl.JHHH rroxopoH, y SIKOMY B3HJIH Yl.JaCTb oT:u;i Co6opy :H yci rrpaBoBipHi IJ;apropo,n;a. O,z:t;HH 3 oT:o;iB CnHo,n;y rrporoJIOCHB rroxBaJibHe cJioBo Ha l.JeCTb CBSIToro Ha 3aci,n;aHHi Co6opy, a CB. rpHropi:H HicbKHH BHrOJIOCHB llOXOpOHHY rrporroBi,ZJ;b y BeJIHKiH :u;epKBi. 3aB,ll;SIKH rn;e,n;pocTi o,n;Hie'i rro6omHo'i rraHi TiJio CBSIToro 3a6aJib3aMyBaJIH :H THMl.JacoBo IIOKJiaJIH B :u;epKBi CB. ArrocToJiiB. CyrrpoBo.n;myBaJIO :Horo He3Jiil.JeHHe l.JHCJIO Hapo.n;y 3i CBil.JKaMH: HaCKiJibKH CSiraB 3ip, BH,ll;HO 6yJio BorOHh cBil.JoK. KiJibKa xopiB crriBaJIH rrcaJIMH pi3HHMH MOBaMH. 3ro,n;OM 3a KOIIIT iMrrepaTopa IIpHBe3JIH TiJIO CB. MeJieTiJi ,n;o AHTioxi'i.

TaM rrpHHHSIB Hapo,n; TiJio cB. rracTHpSI 3 Ha,ZJ;3BHl.JaHHHM .maJieM :H 6oJieM Ta rroKJiaB :Horo B :u;epKBi cB. BaBHJIH. Ty :u;epKBY 36y.n;yBaB cB. MeJieTi:H He3a.n;oBro .n;o cMepTi. Jiro6oB .n;o CB. rracTHpSI He rroracJia 3 :Horo rroxopoHoM. TaK rrol.JaB CBOIO rrpoBaBi,n;h c:A. IBaH 3oJIOToycTHH, KOJIH l.Jepe3 rr' SITb poKiB, y

197

13-14 JliOToro

,lleHb rrepeHeceHHSI Mo:w;ell: ca. MeJieTiH, aeJIJi'IaB rraM' SITb ca. rraTpiapxa, SIKHR MaB "Me,lloBe iM' 11 i Me,lloBi aim~ai:".

13 JIIOToro

CB.HTHii MAPTHHUIH 3a CTapO,llaBHiM OIIOBi,llaHHSIM CB. MapTHHiSIH 6yB IIYCTHHHHKOM, :w;o rrpomHBaB y rre~epi 6iJIH Kecapil IlaJieCTHHChKoi:, ,l{e Bi,ll;KHHYB HaMOBY :tKiHKH 3oi: IIOKHHYTH ~HCTe, Bory IIOCBSI~eHe :tKHTTSI. OrriCJISI 3oH rroKaHJiacH i BCTYIIHJia .l{O MOHaCTHpSI, a MapTHHiHH rrepell:uJOB :tKHTH Ha ocTpiaen;h cepe,n; MOpSI. 3Bi,liTH BiH 3rO,liOM BepHyBCSI Ha cymy B MOJIHTBi R IIOCTaX IlpO:tKHBliiH ,ll;O CMepTi. 14 JIIOToro

CB.HTHii ABKCEHTiii 3a iMrrepaTopa Teo,n;ociH MoJio,n;moro (442 p.) cJiy:tKHB rrpH iMrrepaTOpCbKiR KiHHiR CTOpO:tKi K>HaK ABKCeHTiR, CHH rrepca A,n;,n;H, HKlfiii rri,n; ~ac rrepecJii,n;yaaHHSI xpncTH.HH KopoJieM CarropoM rroKHHYB IlepciK> ll: rrepeceJIHBC.H .l{O IJ;apropo,n;a.

ABKCeHTill: BH3Ha~aacH Min;HoiO cTaTypoiO ll: rapHoiO ,n;ymeiO, a rOJIOBHO ~HCTOTOIO BipH i 3BHl.JalB, peJiiriRHHM i CBiTCbKHM aHaHHHM, aipHicTIO Bory i BBi~JIHBicTK> ,liO 6JinmHix. MoJIO.l{HR BO.HK y BiJibHHR Bi,n; CJiy:tK6H ~ac Bi.l{Bi,n;yBaB n;epKBH R p03MOBJISIB a rro6omHHMH JIIO,ll;hMH, CB. MapKiSIHOM, cB. MoaHoM i ca. AHTHMOM, HKi :tKHJIH rrpH n;epKBi ca. MoaHa Ilpe,n;Te~i 6iJIH n;apropo,n;chKoro rrepe,n;MiCT.H €B,n;oMa. Bi,n;ai,n;yK>~n THX CB.HTHX BomHx cJiyr, ABKceHTill: 6paa Yl.JaCTb y i:xHix ~YBaHHHX, ca. MOJIHTaax i rrocTax; ~acTo Jiemaa Ha aeMJii ll: aaJIHBaBc.H CJiboaaMH. BpemTi-peiiiT BiH IIOKHHYB CBiT i ll:oro CIIpaBH, CTaB MOHaXOM i 6yB BHCB.H~eHHR Ha CB.HIIJ;eHHKa. 3ro,n;OM IIOKHHYB IJ;apropo,n; i IIOCeJIHBC.H Ha ropi 0KciSI, B BiTHHil, rriBHi~Ho-cxi,n;Hill: KPalHi Manoi: Aail, He,llaJieKo Bi.l{ IJ;apropo,n;a.

Ha HOBOMY Micn;i :tKHB caM, aa6yTHR JIIO,n;hMH, O,li.HrHeHnll: y liiKypy. IJiCJISI MiC.HD;.H CaMiTHbOrO :tKHTT.H 3YCTpiJIH Ha ropi ll:oro o,n;Horo ,n;HSI rracTyxH, .HKi myKaJIH aa6JIYKaHnx oaen;h; AaKceHTi:M IIpHRHSIB IX JiaCKaBO i 3a ,ll;OIIOMOrOIO ll:oro MOJIHTOB BOHR Bi)l;liiYKaJIH CBOIO OTapy. 3 TOrO ~acy IIO~aJIO IIpHXO,ll;HTH ,ll;O HhOrO 6araTO BC.HKHX JIIO,lleR, a BiH ,llaBaB lM IIOpa,l{H R JiiKyBaB lXHi He,llyrH, 6o Bor ,llaB ll:oMy ,llap ~Y.liOTBopeHH.H . 3ro,liOM rrocTaBHJIH

198

14

JliOTOrD

HOMY ,11;06pi JIIO,li;Ii KeJiiiO, 3 .HKOl BiH ,11;0 CBOlX Bi,li;Bi,ll;yBa'liB 3BH'IaHHO He BiiXO,li;IiB 1 TiJibKii p03MOBJI.HB qepe3 MaJie BiKOHIJ;e, 6JiarOCJIOBJI.HB lX, 03,11;0pOBJI.HB i Bi,ll;npaBJI.HB ITOTiiiieHHX ,li;O,li;OMY. KoJin B XaJIRi,ll;oHi Bi,ll;6yBaBc.a

IV

BceJieHCbKHH Co6op, ,~

iMnepaTop MapKi.aH BHRJIHKaB :H:oro TY,li;H, ni,ll;o3piOIO'IH B epeci 8BTHxi.a -

npo O,li;HY Bo:>Ky npHpo,11;y B XpHcTi. CB. ABRCeHTi:H:

BH3HaB CBOIO npaBOBipHiCTb H Bi,li;KHHYB n;eif HecnpaBe,li;JIHBHH

•

CB. ABKCEHTIR 03J1:0POBJI.HE: HE.D:YJKIIX

199

14

JliOTOrD

3aKH,ll;. IliCJISI TOrO BiH He BepTaBC.fl B.iKe Ha CBOe ,n;aBH€ Mico;e, a nocemmc.H B iHinili KeJii'i, Ha ropi CKona, 6iJI.H XaJIKi,n;oHa. Ha TOMY Mico;i BiB cB. ABKCeHTiH .iKHTT.H BeJIHKo'i cyBopocTi, a TaKO.iK HaB'IaB yqHiB, .HKi ropHyJIHC.H ,ll;O HhOro, ,ll;OCKOHaJIOrO XpHCTH.HHChKOrO .iKHTT.H. KoJIH ,n;o Hhoro rro'laJIH rrpHxo,n;HTH 3a ,n;yxoBHHMH rropa,n;aMH II060.iKHi .iKiHKH, BiH BHpiiiiHB 3aCHyBaTH lM Ha IIiBMHJii Bi,n; CBO€l KeJiil MOHaCTHp i 6yB lXHiM ,ll;YXOBHHM IIpOBi,ll;HHKOM. CJiaBa rrpo po3yMHi rropa,n;H, .HKi ,n;aBaB cB. BomHli cJiyra, i piaHi qy,n;a, .HKi Bor po6HB lioro pyKaMH, rrpHBO,ll;HJIH ,n;o lioro KeJii'i 6araTo mo,n;eli. CB. ABKCeHTili npHaHalfHB ro,n;HHH ,n;JI.H cniJIKyBaHH.H 3 JIIO,ll;hMH. Bi,n; rrpHXO.iKHX BHMaraB IIO'IHHaTH po3MOBY npocJiaBOIO Bora. Ha cBo'ili rraJIHII;i MaB Ha KiHo;i xpecTHKa, .HKHH BHKOpHCTOBYIJaB ,n;JI.H JiiKyBaHH.H He,n;ymHx. KoJIH XOTiB BHJiiKyBaTH .fiKOrOCh XBOporo, TO IIpOCHB IIpHCYTHiX IIpH'IHHHTHC.H Te.iK ,ll;O TOrO CB0€10 MOJIHTBOIO. O,n;Horo pa3y npHHIIIJia ,n;o cB. ABKceHTi.H 3 HiKoMi,n;i'i ,n;ocTOHHa IIaHi, .HKa BTpaTHJia aip, TOMY Kpi3h CJih03H CTaJia IIpOCHTH HOro: - 3MHJiocep,n;Hc.R Ha,n;i MHOIO, cJiyro Bora BceBHIIIHhOro! CB.HTHii. 3BepHyBIIIHCh ,n;o npHCYTHix, cKa3aB: - .ff- rpirnHa JIIO,ll;HHa i, .HK BH, HeMi'IHa; Ta .HKIII;o BipyeTe, ~o Toll, .HKHH oa,n;opoBHB cJiinopom,n;eHHoro, He norop,n;HTh i II;iCIO, TO IIOMOJiiMC.H BCi ~HpO 3a He'i.

A KOJIH Bci MOJIHJIHC.H, BiH TOPKHYBC.fl 11 oqeJi i cKa3aB: - Oa,n;opoBJI.Re Te6e lcyc XpHcToc - npaB,n;HBe cBiTJio! CJiirra Bi,n;pa3y rrpoapiJia, i Bci ,n;.RKyBaJIH Bory aa TaKy JiacKy. IU;acJIHBa .iKiHKa p03,ll;aJia 3 B,ll;.H'IHOCTi m;e,n;py MHJIOCTHHIO B60rHM, .HKi rrpHxo,n;HJIH aa ,n;orroMoroiO ,n;o CB.HToro. B6orHMH cB .

ABKceHTiH nocTiHHO niKJiyBaBc.H, li qepea cBo'ix yqHiB poa,n;aBaB 'iM xJii6, .HKHH npHHOCHJIH lioMy. O,n;Horo paay rrpHHIIIJIH ,n;o cB. ABKceHTi.R ,n;Ba npoKameHi li npocHJIH oa,n;opoBJieHH.H. CB.HTHH CIIHTaB 'ix: - HKi m BH MaeTe rpixH, aa m;o TaKa Kapa cnaJia Ha Bac? He,n;ymi IIOKJIOHHJIHC.H CB.HTOMY li cKaaaJIH: - 3MHJiocep,n;Hc.H Ha,n; HaMH, XpHCTOBHH cJiyro, m;o6 MH CTaJIH 3,ll;OpOBHMH! HaTe CKa3aB CB. ABKCeHTiH: - CTaJioc.H BaM o;e, 6paTT.H, TOMy, m;o BH 3BHKJIH qacTo IIpOKJIHHaTH. Ilo6a'IHBIIIH, m;o CB.HTHH aHae 'ixHf npoBHHH, HaJI.RKaJIHC.H, npHnaJIH ,n;o lioro cTirr i m;Hpo Ka.HJIHC.H. CB.RTHH 3MHJiocep,n;HBC.H Ha)J; HHMH, HaMaCTHB IX IIOBHicTIO Bi,ll; rOJIOBH ,ll;O Hir CB. OJIHBOIO, i Bor rroBepHyB 'iM a,n;opoB'.R.

200

14

JliOTOro

.flKOCb npHHHIIIJIH .n;o CB. ABKCeHTiH ,n;Boe ~oJioBiKiB, O,li;HH - :Horo cTapHii npHHTeJih, a .n;pyrHii - epeTHK, HKHH ni,n;cMiiDBaBCH Ha.A ~ecHOTaMH :H "'~Y,ll;aMH CBHToro. 3i cBo'iM npHHTeJieM cB. ABKCeHTi:H: po3MOBJIHB JiacKaBo, a .n;o He,n;oBipKa He rrpoMOBHB i cJIOBa, .n;aro~H :H:oMy 3p03YMiTH, m;o BiH 3Hae rroTaeMHi :H:oro ,n;yMKH. KoJIH Ti ,n;Ba ~oJioBiKH BepTaJIHCH .n;o,n;oMy, He,n;oBipoK 3HOBY rro~aB 3HeBaa<aTH CBHToro Ta Ha3HBaTH :H:oro o6Jiy,n;HHKOM. llpHHlliOBIIIH ,li;O,li;OMY, rro6a~HB, ID;O TaM CTaJIOCH BeJIHKe Hem;acTH :H:oro ,n;o"'IKY orraHyBaB 3JIHH .n;yx i TH>KKO MY"'IHB i:L 3acM~eHHH 6aTbKO rrepeKOHaBCH, IIJ;O Il;IO 6i,n;y 3iCJiaB Ha HbOrO Bor 3a 3HeBary CB. ABKCeHTia, TOMY m;Hpo poaKaHBCH, 3aBiB ,n;O"'IKY .n;o CBHToro i npocHB rroKipHo nopHTYHKy. To.n;i CB. ABKceHTiii rrporHaB 3 ,n;iB~HHH 3JIOro ,n;yxa, a 6aTbKaM 3BeJiiB llpOBeCTH TH>K,ll;eHb y MOJIHTBi H IIOCTi. O,n;Hie'i HO~i MOJIHBCH CBHTHH y KeJii'i, a :H:oro ~Hi 3 ,n;eHKHMH JIIO,ll;bMH "'~YBaJIH rri.n; KeJiiero. PanTOM BiH Bi,li;"'IHHHB BiKoHu;e i CKPHKHYB Tp~i: "BJiarOCJIOBeH rocnO,ll;b Bor!"' rriCJIH qoro BIDKKO 3iTXHYB i IIOXH.JIHB rOJIOBY ,li;O 3eM.Jii. fipHCYTHi He CMiJIH 3aiiHTaTH CBaToro, m;o u;e Mae oaHa~aTH, Ta BiH caM cKa3aB 1M: ")J;iTH, cBiTJIO Ha Cxo.n;i, CeMeH, Ham OTeu;b, 3acHyB!" llo THX CJIOBax peBHO 3an.JiaKaB. 3rO,li;OM IIpHHIIIJia BiCTKa, IIJ;O caMe Tiel HO~i crrpaB,n;i rroMep cB. CeMeH CTOBIIHHK. ~-: He3a6apoM rric.JIH Toro 3aKiHtiHB cBoe rrpaBe,n;He mHTTH i rrperro.n;o6HHH oTeD;b ABKceHTi:H:, rrpaB,n;orro.n;i6Ho, 14 JIIOToro 4 73 poKy. lloro CB. MOlll;i CIIO~HJIH y u;epKBi THX cecTep, ~HlM npOBi,ll;HHKOM BiH 6yB 3a mHTTH. TiicJIH cMepTi cB. ABKCeHTiH B :H:oro KeJii'i mHJIH :H iHIIIi CBHTi, HanpHKJIB,A, cB. CTerraH HoBHH, HKHH rrpomHB y Hi:H: 60 poKiB i 6yB yKaMeHOBaHHH 3a o6opOHy BlliaHyBaHHH CB. iKOH. 14

JIIOTOrO

CB.HTHH MAPOH )J;o CBHTHX, aKi mH.JIH B IV cTopiti"'Ii, HaJiemHTh cB. MapoH. O,n;Horo ,n;HH BiH noKHHYB cBiT i 3aMeiiiKaB Ha o,n;Hiii ropi, w;o6 Ha CaMOTi IIOCBHTHTH ce6e ,li;OCKOHaJiiH 3JIYD;i 3 BoroM. TaM 3Haxo,n;HJiacH rroraHChKa CBHTHHH. CB. MapoH rrocBHTHB TY CBHTHHIO, i 3 TOrO ~acy BOHa CJiymH.Jia XpHCTHHHChKOMY B03BeJIH~eHHIO npaB,li;HBoro Bora.

MapoHa Ha,AiJIHB Bor .n;apoM ~y.n;ecHoro JiiKyBaHHH He,n;ymHx. CJia.Ba rrpo Ti O:t,li;OpOBJieHHH CB. IIYCTHHHHKa CKOpO po3iHm.Jiaca IIO BCiH OKOJIHD;i, i He3a6apOM CTaJIH IIpH6yBaTH ,li;O HOrO 201

15

JliOTOrD

IIyCTeJihHi D;iJii rpoMa,ll;l'l JIIO,ll;eM, HaBi Th 3 ,ll;aJieKHX MiCD;eBOCTeif.

O.n;Ho"tJacHo 3 o3.n;opoBJieHH.HM mo.n;eii: Bi.n; pi3Hl'lx He.n;yr cTapaBc.H cB. MapoH JiiKyBaTH i:xHi .n;ymi Bi.n; MOpaJihHHX HeMo"l!eii:.

CB.HTHii 6yB cy-qacHHKOM cB. IBaHa 3oJioToycToro, .HKHii 3i CBOrO 3aCJiaHH.H (Mim 404-407 pp.) HaiiHCaB ,ll;O HhOrO Jll'ICTa. 3aKiH"'Il'IB CB. MapoH cBoe 6oroyro.n;He mHTT.H 6JIH3hKO 410 poKy. IIicJI.H ii:oro cMepTi Bl'IHHKJia cyrrepe"l!Ka Mim .n;BoMa cyci.n;HiMH ceJiaMH 3a ii:oro CB. Mom;i. IIepeMorJio 6iJihme ceJio, .HKe 3a6paJio Mom;i CB.HToro Ha CBOIO TepwTopiiO i 36y.n;yBaJio .n;oBKOJia .n;oporou;iHHoi: rraM' .HTKH rapHy u;epKBY. Ilana BeHe.n;HKT XIV HamrcaB 1753 poKy JIHCTa rrpo CB.HTiCTh Bomoro cJiyrw MapoHa. lcTopHK Teo.n;opeT HarrwcaB mHTTerrwc cB. MapoHa. KpiM Toro, BiH orrwcye mHTT.H iHmwx CB.HTHX, .HKHX BBamae Y"lJH.HMH cB. MapoHa. ,Il;e.HKi IIHChMeHHHKH BKa3yiOTh, m;o 6iJI.H u;epKBH CB. MapoHa 6yB TaKO.)K MOHaCTl'lp. Ilepllil'IMI'I BipHl'IMl'l, .HKi MaJil'l .n;ymrracTHp.HMH y-qHiB cB. MapoHa, 6yJIH apaMeiichKi xpwcTH.HHH, .HKi rri3Hime cTamr Bi.n;oMi .HK MapoHi Tl'l. Y VII cTopi "l!"'Ii rroMaH.n;pyBaJIH BOHR .n;o JlwBaHy, 3ro.n;oM - .n;o MecorroTaMil, Ha ocTpOBH Kirrp, Po.n;oc i MaJihTY. MapoHiTH MaiOTh cBiii ciipiiichKIIii o6p.a.n; i cBoro rra Tpiapxa. CJiym6y Bomy rrpaBJI.HTh cwpiiichKOIO ii: apa6chKOIO MOBaMH. B PwMi e MapoHiTChKa KOJier'i.H. 15

JIKJToro

CBHTHH KJIAB,li;IH KOJIOME'€P CJiaBHHii rroMi"l!Hl'IK cB. MaprapHTH AJI.HKOK y rromwpeHHi BIIIaHyBaHH.H IIpecB.HToro XpwcTOBoro Cepu;.H cB. KJiaB.n;iii: .n;e Jia KoJioM6'ep rrpwii:moB Ha cBiT y <PpaHu;il, rro6JIH3Y MicTa JlioH, 1641 pOKy. IlOXO,ll;l'IB 3 pO,ll;l'IHl'l rro6omHOl M ,ll;OCl'ITh 3aMO.)KHOi:.

B"l!HBC.H B KOJier'ii: 0Tn;iB lcyciBD;iB y JlioHi. Crro"'IaTKY BiH HaBiTh He .n;yMaB rrpo "l!epHe"'IHM CTaH, Ta 3ro.n;oM Bor .n;orroMir iioMy 3p03yMiTH, m;o Haii:Kpam;HM ,ll;JI.H HhOrO MOme 6yTH TiJihKl'l MOHame mHTT.H. To.n;i BiH Bi.n;pa3y rrorrpocHB rrpwii:H.HTH ii:oro .n;o MOHaCTHp.H 0Tn;iB lcyciBn;iB. Moro rrpoxaHH.H Bi.n;pa3y 3a.n;oBOJihHl'IJIH. KJiaB.n;iii: 6yB 3.n;opoBwii, CHJihHHii, Bl'ICOKoi.n;eii:Hwii, MaB mHBY B.n;a-qy. Moro po3yM 6yB BHIIIKOJieHwii i po3BHHeHwii, cBi TorJI.H.n; - Ha,ll;3BH"l!aii:Ho mwpoKHii. Ta ~i rrpwpo.n;Hi .n;aHi He MaJIH 6 BeJil'IKOrO 3Ha"l!eHH.H B rrpau;i Ha.n; crraciHH.HM .n;ym, .HK:m;O 6 BOHI'I He 6yJIH 3JIY"lJeHi 3 BHyTpiiiiHiM ,ll;YXOM ,ll;OCKOHaJioro MOHaxa,

202

15 moToro

RKHif BH3Ha-.:raBcR BeJIHKoro peBHiCTIO ~o.n;o Bomoi: cJiaBH. ,IJ;mepeJIOM HOI'O BHyTpiiiiHbOI'O JKHTTR 6yJia 3JiyKa 3 rocrro.n;oM y CB. MOJIHTBi, RKiif BiH Bi,ll;,ll;aBaBCR 6e3IIepecTaHKy. BiH HaB"tfHBCR B ycboMy TaK IIOKJia,ll;aTHCR Ha Bora, ~o orJIR.D;aTHCh Ha JIIO.n;eif i cBiToBi rrpHHa.n;H ,li;JIR Hhoro cTaJio HeMomJIHBHM. Ha,li;3BHqaifH~ caMo3pe-.:reHHR 6yJio iioro roJIOBHOID rrpHKMeToro.

CKiH'lHBIIIH HOBiiJ,iRT i ¢iJioco¢iro, RJiaB.D;iif cTaB rrpo¢ecopoM. Y Toil qac Bi,ll;6yBaJiacR KaHoHi3aiJ,iR cB. ll>paHu;icKa CaJihCbKoro, i CecTpH Bi3HTKH B ABiHhifoHi opraHi3oByBaJIH BeJIHKY ypo-.:rHcTiCTh. MoJIO,li;OMY rrpo¢ecopoBi RJiaB,ll;ieBi, RKHif ~e He 6yB i CB.H~eHHKOM, ,li;Opy'lHJIH BHI'OJIOCHTH B IJ,epKBi IIOXBaJibHY rrpoMOBY Ha -.:recTh CB. ll>paHu;icKa. fioro rrporroBi,ll;h 6yJia -.:ry,li;OBa. 3ro,li;OM iioro rrocJiaJIH ,11;0 IIapHma BHBqaTH 6orocJioB'R. TaM BiH B"tfHB ,li;BOX CHHiB CJiaBHoro MiHicTpa RoJih6epTa . 3aB,li;RKH .n;o6poMy BIIJIHBOBi ii ,11;6aifJIHBOCTi RJiaB,ll;iR o6H,li;Ba IOHaKH po6HJIH rapHHif IIOCTYII y Hayu;i; O,li;HH 3 HHX CTaB IIOTiM MiHiCTpOM, iHUIHH - apxierrHcKorroM. Ta cTaJiacR TO,ll;i RJiaB,ll;ieBi if o.n;Ha BeJIHKa HeiipHeMHiCTb: y CTaTTi BiH TpOXH mapTiBJIHBO BHCJIOBHBCR Ha ap;pecy CTaporo MiHicTpa RoJib6epTa. ,lJ;oBi,n;aBIIIHCb rrpo u;e, Toif o6pa3HBCR, 3a6paB 3-IIiA iforo orriKH CHHiB, a OTIJ,iB IcyciBu;iB rrpocHB, ~o6 RJiaB.n;iR BiAicJiaJIH ,11;0 iHIIIOi: rrpoBiHu;il.

3 IIapHma BiH BHi:xaB 1660 poKy. Toro m poKy 6YB BHCB.HqeHHif Ha CBR~eHHKa. B ABiHhifoHi BiH TpH poKH 6yB rrpo¢ecopoM pHTOpHKH if IIpOIIOBi,li;HHKOM y IJ,epKBi. lloro rrpOIIOBi,ll;i 6yJIH CTapaHHO OIIpalJ,bOBaHi, BH3HaqaJIHCR I'JIH60KOIO IIOBqaJibHiCTlO Ta rapHHM CTHJieM. BiH Bi,D;KH,D;aB ¢JaJibiiiHBY HayKy RHCeHiCTiB, RKi 3aiiepe-.:ryBaJIH TaiiHy CB. CIIOBi,ll;i if CB. IlpHqacTR. Y 1674 pou;i BiH BiB MicR-.:rHi peKoJieKu;ii:, i iforo ,li;OrrycTHJIH ,11;0 Bpo-.:rHCTHX o6iTiB. IliA -.:rae THX peKoJieKu;iif RJiaBAiil o,11;epmaB 6araTo JiacK, a roJIOBHO rrocBRTHB ce6e oco6JIHBHM cnoco6oM IIpecBRTOMY XpHCTOBOMY Cepu;ID ii ,11;aB o6iT ToqHoro rrocJiyxy BciM rrpaBHJiaM ToBapHCTBa IcycoBoro, ~o6 cKpirrHTH CBOIO BOJIID ,11;0 BH,ll;epmJIHBOCTi. MaB BiH TOAi 33 poKH. IJ;e rrpHra,ll;aJio ifoMy, ~o Icyc XpHcToc rroMep, KOJIH iioMy 6yJio cTiJihKH m poKiB. Po3.n;yMyroqH Ha,zl; THM, BiH IIOCTaHOBHB IIOBHiCTIO BMepTH ,li;JI.H CBiTy if )J;JUI ce6e caMoro. IJ;e BiH 3a3Ha-.:rHB y cBoi:x aarrHcKax: ",[J;oporHif Icyce, u;e, HarreBHO, .n;o6pe, ru;o6 R no'laB JKHTH TiJihKH ,li;JIR Te6e B TOMY Biu;i, KOJIH TH BMep .D;JIR cnaciHHR Bcix, a 30KpeMa - .D;JIR MeHe". qepe3 ,li;Ba MicRu;i iioro rrpH3Ha-.:rHJIH HacTORTeJieM MOHaCTHPR 0TrUB IcyciBIJ,iB y IIapeif-Jie-MoHhRJih. TaKe piUieHHR 6yJio ,D;HBHe 3 ));BOX rrpH'lHH: IIO-rrepUie, TOMy, IlJ,O u;e 6yJIO rrpOTH rrpaBHJI:

203

15 1ltOToro

• HaaHa'iyBaTH MOJio,n;oro npo<l:Jecopa HaCTORTeJieM; no-,n;pyre, :H:oro 3HaHHR i p;ap KpaCHOMOBCTBa MOrJIH 6yTH BHKOpHCTaHi ,ZJ;JIR 6iJihiii01 KOpHCTi B iHIIIOMY Micu,i, a He B MaJIOMy, rJiyxOMy Ilape:H:Jie-MOHhRJih, p;e ,ZJ;JIR HhOrO He 6yJIO Bi,ZJ;ITOBi,n;HOrO ITOJIR ,ZJ;JIR np~i.

Ta, neBHe, o. KJiaB,n;iR caM Bar TYAH nocJiaB ni,n;TpHMaTH CB. MaprapHTY AJIRKOK, noBipHHI.J,IO Bomnx Tae:MHHI.J,h y cnpaBi IIpecBRToro XpHcToBoro Cepi.J,R, I.QO B To:H: 'iac 6araTo TepniJia a npH"tiHH Ha,n;aBH'iaHHHX XpHCTOBHX o6'RBJieHh i He MaJia Hi Bi,n; Koro ITOTpi6H01 nopap;H, KoJIH CB. o. KJiaB,n;i:H: npn6yB ,n;o MOHaCTHPR CecTep BiaHTOK, I.Q06 TaM BHroJIOCHTH ,n;yxoBHY HayKy, cB. MaprapHTa no'iyJia B co6i ro.Jioc: ":U:e e: To:H:, I.QO :H:oro .H nocJiaB To6i". KoJIH cB. MapraPHTa rro'iaJia xo,n;HTH ,n;o o. KJiaB,n;iR Ha cB. cnoBi,n;i, BiH ,n;aBaB 1:H: piaHi aayBarH, a rOJIOBHO HaB'iHB 11, ID;O IIOKH BOHa 6yp;e ITOBHa ITOCJIYXY, BipH H ITOKOpH, BOHa He Mae: 'iOrO 60RTHCR HTH aa Bo)KHM noKJIHKOM. 0. KJiaB,n;i:H: 6yB BeJIHKHM noMi"tJ:HHKOM ,ZJ;JIR CB. MaprapHTH, a TaKO)K npH'iHHHBCR ,ZJ;O ITOIIIHpeHHR B QepKBi BIIIaHyBaHHR IIpecBRToro XpHCTOBoro Cepi.J,R, rrepeKoHaBIIIHCh, l.QO BOHO 6yJIO HaHKpai.QHM JiiKOM npOTH B6HB'iOro RHCeHiaMy. Y IIap~-Jie-MoHhRJih o. KoJioM6'e:p He 6yB ,n;oBro. :fioro npnaHa"tJ:HJIH npoBi,ZJ;HHKOM Mapil BeaTpi"tJ:e, aHrJiiHChK01 KHRrHHi. B AHrJiil BiH nponoBi,n;yBaB CJIOBOM i npHKJia,n;oM cBoro CBRToro mHTTR. Ymo6JieHHM npe,n;MeTOM :H:oro nponoBi,n;e:H: 6yJio BIIIaHOByBaHHR IIpecBRTOro XpncTOBoro Cepi.J,R. TaM BiH cBoe:ro npauero HaBepHyB 6araTo e:peTHKiB ,n;o KaTOJIHI.J,hK01 Bipn. Ta cTaHOBHI.Qe KaTOJIHKiB 6yJio To,n;i B AHrJiil H~3BH'iaHHo TRmKe, BiA'iYBaJIOCR Bopome cTaBJieHHR rrpoTecTaHTiB. IIpoTH KHR3R :fiopKa, RKHH CTaB KaTOJIHKOM, BeJiaCb aTiTai.J,iR, I.Q06 He ,ZJ;OITyCTHTH HOrO ,ZJ;O KopoJiiBChKoro TpoHy B AHrJii'i. 3ro,n;oM poanycTHJIH B JloH,n;oHi tPaJihiiiHBY BiCTKY npo aaMaX KaTOJIHKiB Ha mHTTR KOpOJIR H Ha 3HHI.QeHHR aHrJiiKaHChK01 IJ;epKBH. To,n;i o. KJiaB,n;iR HecrrpaBe,n;JIHBo ocKapmHJIH :H: aacy,n;HJIH Ha cMepTh. Ha npoxaHHR <l:JpaHI.J,Y3hKoro KopoJIR Jlro,n;oBiKa XIV o. K.JiaB,n;ie:Bi aaMiHHJIH Kapy cMepTi Ha BHrHaHHR a Kparo. O,n;HaK B'R3HHI.J,R ni,n;ipBaJia :H:oro CHJIH, i BiH BepHyBcR ,n;o <l>paHI.J,i1 Bme HeMi'iHHM. Ha,n;iRBIIIHCh, l.QO ITOBiTpR pip;HOrO Kparo KOpHCHO BITJIHHe Ha CTaH HOrO a,n;opoB'.a, BiH nepe1xaB ,n;o JlioHa :H: IIape:H:. TaM aa rropa,n;oro CB. MaprapHTH BiH aaJIHIIIHBCR ,n;o cMepTi. ,Z:I;aBIIIH npHKJia,n; BeJIHKo1 noKopH :H: TepneJIHBOCTi, CB. KJiaB,n;i:H: Bi,n;,n;aB Bory CBOIO AYIIIY BBe'iepi 15 JIIOToro 1682 poKy. CB. MaprapnTa MaJia HacTynHoro ,n;HR o6' RBJieHHR, I.QO AYIIIa cB. KJiaB,n;i.a Bme B He6i :H: He noTpe6ye: MOJIHTOB. :fioro iM'R HaBiKH aanncaHe B IIpecBRTOMY XpHCTOBOMY Cepui.

204

15 lltOToro

CBHTHil OHIICIIM Y

MaJiiM: A3il, B MicTi KoJioccax,

.)KJ:IB 3a 'llaciB CB. aiTOCTOJia IlaBJia 6araTHH i BITJIHBOBHH 'liOJIOBiK Cl>HJIHMOH,

.HKHH

3aB,ll;.HKH

npOITOBi,n;i

CB. IlaBJia, CTaB XpHCTH.HHHHOM, a 3rO,ll;OM HaBi Th €ITHCKOITOM. HeBiJihHHKOM y Toro Cl>HJIHMOHa 6yB 0HHCHM, noraHHH. BiH o,n;Horo pa3y, HaiiiKO,ll;HBIIIH Cl>HJIHMOHOBi, 3i cTpaxy nepe.n; KapoiO BTiK .n;o PnMa, ,n;e TO,ll;i CB. IlaBJIO CH,ll;iB y B' .H3HHD;i i B OKOBax nponoBi,n;yBaB XpncToBy HayKy. 0HH<!HM, .HKHH, HaiTeBHO, 6a'l£HB cB. IlaBJia B KoJioccax, no'llyB7

IIIH, ID;O CB. anOCTOJI CH,ll;HTh y B .H3HHD;i, 3aM:rnoB 3 JIIO,ll;hMH .n;o Hhoro.

BaraTo 3 THX, .HKi cJiyxaJIH To,n;i HayKY CB. IlaBJia, noBipHJIH B XpncTa. IloBipHB i 0HHCHM. KoJIH CB. IlaBJIO OXpHCTHB M:oro, TO .HKHHCh 'llaC BiH 6yB 6iJI.H anocToJia. 3ro,n;oM IlaBJIO ITOCJiaB 0HHCHMa 3 JIHCTOM ,11;0 Cl>HJIHMOHa, B .HKOMY npOCHB HOrO 6yTH JiaCKaBHM ,11;0 0HHCHMa H npOCTHTH M:oMy M:oro npoBHHY. Cl>HJIHMOH TaK i

B'liHHHB, ,n;aB 0HHCHMOBi BOJIIO H

Bi,n;icJiaB M:oro .n;o PnMa nocJiyryBaTH CB. anOCTOJIOBi. 3 PHMa CB. IlaBJIO ITOCHJiaB 0HHCHMa pa30M 3 THXiKOM ,11;0 KOJIOC.HH 3 JIHCTOM. Ilepe,n; CB0€!0 CMepTIO CB. IlaBJIO BHCB.HTHB 0HHCHMa Ha €ITHCKOITa, a KOJIH CB. IlaBJIO 3arHHYB 3a CB. Bipy, 0HHCHM noKHHYB PHM i nponoBi,n;yBaB XpncToBy Bipy B fpeu;i'i

11:

MaJiiM:

A3il.

CaM CB. 0HHCHM aarnHyB, Ma6yTh, MY'l£eHHD;hKOIO cMepTIO 6JIH3hKO

95

poKy aa iMnepaTopa ,D;oMeTiaHa a6o Tpa.HHa. ,[(eHKi

ITHChMeHHHKH ITJIYTaiOTh D;hOrO CB. anOCTOJia 3 iHIIIHM 0HHCHMOM, .HKHH 6yB TpeTiM enHcKonoM E<Peca nicJI.H CMepTi cB. THMOTe.H •

• 205

16 lliOToro

CB.HTHfi DAMct»IJI I ,ll;PYiKH:AA BaTbKO u;epKOBHo'i icTopil €BceBiM rrncaB rrpo cBoro B'l[HTeJI.H CB. IlaM¢liJia: "BiH 6yB HaMCJiaBHillHM My'l[eHHKOM CBOrO 'l[aCy 3aB~.HKH CBOIM ¢liJioco¢1chKHM 3HaHH.HM M yc.HKHM 'l[eCHOTaM", ~o "iM'.H cB. IlaM¢liJia 6yJio MOMY TPH'l[i ~opore" i He ro~HTbC.H Jr~yBaTH iM'.H Taro CB.HToro M 6JiameHHoro Myma, He Ha3HBaJO'l[H Moro "cBo'iM rraHoM".

CB. IlaM¢liJI rroxo~HB 3 6araTO'i M rroBamHo'i po~HHH y BeMpyri, Ha~ Cepe~3eMHHM MopeM. 3aKiH'l[HBIITH 3 Bi~3HaKolO mKoJiy B pi~HoMy MicTi, .HKe 6yJio B TOM 'l[ac ocepe~KOM HayKH Ta KYJibTYpn, rrepe'ixaB TaJiaHOBHTHM lOHaK Ha IIpO~OB.meHH.H HaB'l[aHH.H ~o cJiaBHo'i ernrreTChKO'i OJieKcaH~pi'i, ~e B'l[HBC.H y KaTeXHTH'l[HiM mKoJii. ByB rri~ BIIJIHBOM OpireHoBoro ytiH.H Iliepi.H. 3ro~oM mnB y Kecapil, ~o 6yJia TO~i CTOJIHI.J;elO IlaJieCTHHH. TaM 6yB BHCB.H'l[eHHM Ha CB.H~eHnKa M 3i6paB u;iHHY 6i6JiioTeKy, w;o cJiaBHJiac.H ~o 3HH~eHH.H 11 y VII cTopi'l['l[i apa6aMH. CB. IlaMcpiJI 6y:s y TOM 'l[ac HaMBH3Ha'l[HimnM 6i6JiicTOM i 3aCHOBHHKOM mKOJIH CB.H~eHHOrO IIHCbMeHCTBa. 3aB~.HKH KJIOIIiTKiM rrpau;i BiH ~ocJii~HB i orrpau;lOBaB 6araTo pyKorrnciB Ta rrpnroTyBaB HaHKpa.ru;e TOM 'l[ac BH~aHH.H CB.HToro IlHCbMa. KomHy cTopiHKY Bi6Jiil rreperrncyBaB BJiacHopyt~Ho, a rroTiM ~aBaB y CBOIM mKoJii rreperrncyBaTH M rromnproBaB 'ix Mim ri~HHMH oco6aMH, 'l[aCTO 30BCiM 6e30IIJiaTHO, ~0 po6HB 3i CBOel ~e~pOCTi, a ~e 6iJibille - 3 6a.maHH.H 3aoxoTHTH JIIO~eM ~o BHB'l[eHH.H CB.HToro IlnchMa. iforo HeBTOMHa rrpai.J;.H, Ha~3BH'l[aMHO CyBOpe -'KHTT.H CaM03pe'l[eHH.H, IIOKOpa 6yJIH ~06pe Bi~OMi BCiM. )l;o CBOlX HeBiJibHHKiB CTaBHBC.H, .HK ~0 6paTiB, a CBOIO CII~IIl;HHY p03~aB pO~H'l[aM, rrpH.HTeJI.HM i B6ornM. TaKe 3pa3KOBe mHTT.H Bor rroMir yBiH'l[aTH MOMY ~e M M}T'l[eHHI.J;bKOIO cMepTIO. Y 308 pou;i Yp6aH, yrrpaBHTeJib IlaJiecTHHH, HaKa3aB Moro yB'.H3HHTH Ta mopcToKo MytiHTH 3a Te, ~o CB.HTHM He xoTiB IIpHHeCTH .mepTBH IIOraHCbKHM 6o.mKaM. Y B' .H3HHI.J;i 3a ~OIIOMOrOIO €aceBi.H, .HKHM 6yB TO~i MOra CIIiBB'.H3HeM, HaiiHCaB cB. IlaM¢liJI "06opoHy OpireHa", TBopn .HKoro aiH Ha~3BH'l[aMHO n;iHyBaB i rreperrncyBaB. IIicJI.H ~Box poKiB yB'.H3HeHH.H <l>npMHJiiaH, HaCTYIIHHK Yp6aHa, HaKa3aB rrpnBecTH cB. IlaM¢liJia Ha cy~ pa3oM 3 IlaBJIOM, KOJIHmHiM BO.HKOM, a Terrep peBHHM BH3HaBu;eM XpncToBo'i Bipn; Ta BaJieHTHHOM, cTapnM rrpaBe~HHM ~H.HKOHOM 3 epycaJIHMCbKO'i n;epKBH, .HKHM 3HaB yc10 Bi6JiilO HarraM' .HTb. <l>npMHJiiaH rrpncy~HB i"x Tpbox 3apy6aTn Me'l[eM.

i

·i -

206

17-18 JliOToro

Komi IlaM<iJiJI imoB Ha cMepTb, npHcTynHB ,n;o <l>HpMHJiiaHa Ilop<iJHpiii, o,n;HH 3 Ta.r.raHOBHTHX i mo6Hx yqHiB CBSrToro, i npocHB y HbOrO ,Z1;03BOJIY ITOXOBaTH TiJIO CBOrO npHHTemr. <l>HpMHJiiaH 3a,n;aB IIop<iJHpieBi Kini>Ka nHTaHb, a, 3i3HaBmHcb, m;o BiH TaKom xpHCTHHHHH, HaKa3aB i iioro yB'H3HHTH Ha MYKH. Ta xoq iioro TiJIO illMaTYBaJIH am ,li;O KiCTOK, BiH HaBiTb He 30HKHYB. 3aKiH'IHi CB. MytieHHK Ilop<iJHpiH CBOe )KHTTH Ha ITOBiJibHOMY BOrHi, npH3HBaiO'IH CBHTe iM' H lcyca. flK CB. Ilop<iJHpiH Bi,n;,n;aB Bory CBOIO ,n;yrny, O,li;HH Kanna,n;oKie:o;h, KOJIHIDHiH BOHR Ha iM'H CeJieBKiH ITOCITiillHB ,li;O CB. IlaM<iJiJia 3 BiCTKOIO, m;o iioro mo6Hii yqeHb IIop<iJHpiii yme npocJiaBHB XpHcTa MyqeHHD;bKOIO CMepTIO. CTopoma cniiiMa.r.ra i iioro, a <l>HpMHJiiHH HaKa3aB Bi,n;py6aTH HOMY roJioBy. TiJia CB. MyqeHHKiB JiemaJIH 4 ,li;Hi 3a MiCTOM; KOJIH m Hi C06aKH, Hi ITTaXH HaBiTb He ,n;oTopKHYJIHCH ,n;o HHX, cTopoma nimJia. XpHCTHHHH 3a6paJIH TiJia ii no6omHo noxoBaJIH Ix. CTaJIOCb :u;e 6JIH3bKO 309 poKy. 17

JUOTOrO

18

JIIOTOrO

CBHTHH TEO,ZJ;OP THPOH JKHTTeiTHC no,n;aHHH 8 JIIOTOrO.

CBHTHH JIEB BEJIHKHH V CTOpi'l'IH 6yJIO maXJIHBHM ,li;JIH PHMCbKOl iMnepiL 3 niBHi'IHOl €BponH ii A3ii nocyHyJIH Ha Hei xMapH BapBapiB, noTpacJIH ,n;o caMHX ocHoB, nopo3pHBaJIH Ha mMaTKH, a Ha II pyiH'ax yTBOpHJIH HOBi ,n;epmaBH. BH,n;Ho, Bome IlpoBH,n;iHHH ,n;aJio 1M BOJIIO, m;o6 qepe3 HHX ITOKapaTH noraHCbKY CJiiiTOTY 3a npOJIHTY KpOB MyqeHHKiB Ta m;o6 CBiTJIO BipH H JII060Bi, HKe He 36epir po3nym;eHHH noraHCbKHH CBiT, 3aCHHJIO HOBHM Hapo,n;aM. Y 410 po:u;i AJiapHx, r'oTCbKHH KopoJib, 3,n;o6yB i cnJIJOH,n;pyBaB PHM; 3 JIIO,ll;eH BpHTyBaJIHCb TiJibKH Ti, ID;O CXOBaJIHCb y :o;epKBaX CB. IleTpa ii IlaBJia. 3 Ha'i3,n;oM r'oTiB ni,n;HHJiaca BO,n;Hotiac i 3a o,n;HH ,n;eHb PHM yTpaTHB cBiii CTaTyc BeJIHtie3Ha 6ypa nepmoro MicTa B cBiTi. Y 451 po:u;i ryHCbKHH KopoJib ATTHJia nicJIH 3HHID;eHHH MiJiaHa ii iHmHx MicT ,n;iiirnoB ,n;o MypiB PHMa. ByB BiH MaJIHH, a.r.re ,n;ymHH, MaB CHJibHHH i ,li;3BiHKHH roJIOC, a Horo npOHHKJIHBOrO

• 207

18

JliOTOro

ITOI'JI.H,IJ;Y He Mir BHTpHMaTH Hi O,ll;HH ITOJIOHeHH:li KOpOJib, SIKHX BiH 3a6npaB 3 co6oro. Y cBo'i:H npoMoBi BiH Ha3BaB ce6e "nocTpaxoM cBiTy i BmKHM 6n:lleM". X TO 3 pHMJI.HH 3BamHBC.H 6 BHHTH :HoMy Ha3ycTpill, ~o6 cnHHHTH :Horo noxi,IJ;? IMnepaTop BaJieHTHHiaH III 3aMKHYBC.H B PaBeHHi; :Horo roJIOBHHH Bom,IJ;h Aeu;i:H BTpaTHB Ha,IJ;iiO Ha Bp.HTyBaHH.H Pn:Ma. To,IJ;i o-qi Bcix 3YITHHHJIHC.H Ha 6e336po:HHoMy, aJie CHJihHOMY ,IJ;yxoM MymoBi - II ani JleBoBi I. BiH O,IJ;HH cTaB yciero 'ixHhOIO Ha,IJ;iE:lO. IJana CITOBHHB 6amaHHSI CBOI'O Hapo,IJ;y. CnOllaTKY ,ll;OBI'O MOJIHBCSI Kpi3h CJib03H, ITOCTHB i 3aKJIHKaB Ha ITOMill CB. BepXOBHHX anocToJiiB IleTpa :H IlaBJia, a noTiM O,IJ;.HrHyBc.H B yci CB.H~eHHi pH3H i 3 HeBeJIHKOlO ,IJ;pymHHOlO BHifiiiOB Ha3yCTpill TOMY, XTO Ha3HBaB ce6e "nocTpaxoM cBiTy", Ta cKa3aB :HoMy: "TH nepeMir ycix, nepeMomH Tenep caMoro ce6e!" IIocTaBa :H 路MoBa IIanH 3po6HJIH Ha ATTHJIY TaKe CHJihHe BpameHH.H, ru;o, 3a Bomoro JiacKoro, BiH He TiJihKH Bcynepe-q yciM cno,IJ;iBaHH.HM npHHH.HB Ilany 3 BeJIHKOIO nomaHoiO :H He nimoB Ha Pn:M, aJie, ITOI'O,ll;HBIIlHCb npHHH.HTH piliHY ,IJ;aHHHY, nocniruHO 3aJIHIIlHB PHMChKY iMnepiro. KoJIH ni3Hime :Horo noJIKOBHHKH nHTaJIH :Horo, liOMY BiH ycTynHB nepe,IJ; npoxaHH.HM O,IJ;Hiei: JIIO,IJ;HHH, ATTHJia Bi,IJ;noBiB: "H 6aliHB npH HhOMY ,IJ;BOX cBiTJIHX MymiB (IleTpa :H IlaBJia), .HKi rrorpomyBaJIH MeHi BOI'HeHHHMH MellaMH".

CJiaBHHH Ilana Hapo,IJ;HBC.H, Ma6yTh, y caMoMy Pn:Mi. 3aMoJIO,IJ;y O,IJ;epmaB ,IJ;06py OCBiTy. 3aB,IJ;.HKH CBOlM 3,IJ;i6HOCT.HM BiH ru;e ,IJ;H.HKOHOM BHKOHyBaB BamJIHBi 3aB,IJ;aHH.H AnocTOJihCbKo'i CToJIHn;i. BJIH3hKO 440 poKy, nepe6yBaiOliH y r'aJIJiii:, ,IJ;e BiH E:,IJ;HaB iMnepaTOpChKHX reHepaJiiB, 3aKJIHKalOliH lX MymHbO liHHHTH onip BapBapaM, npn6yJio ,IJ;O Hhoro nocoJibCTBO 3 Pn:Ma 3 noBi,IJ;OMJieHH.HM, ru;o :Horo BH6paJIH Ilanoro.

IJiCJISI BHCB.HlleHHSI JleB I Bi,IJ;pa3y BHSIBHB BeJIHKY CHJIY ,IJ;YXY .HK apxinaCTHp. 3ri,IJ;HO 3 TO,IJ;iiilHiM 3BHllaE:M, 3a SIKHM npOITOBi,IJ;yBaHH.HM Bomoro cJioBa aa:HMaJIHCh nepeBamHo enn:cKonn, Ilana .HK enncKon PnMa cTaB peBHO :H rrocTiHHO HaB'IaTH pn:MJI.HH XpHCTHSIHCbKOI'O ji{HTT.H, 3p06HBIIlH pHMCbKY u;epKBy B3ipn;eM ,ll;JISI iHIIlHX n;epKOB. Y 96 I!pOIIOBi,IJ;.HX, .HKi BiH TO,IJ;i HaiiHCaB, Ilarra apo3yMiJio BHKJiaB npaBoBipHy HayKy rrpo BTiJieHH.H Bomoro CnHa; MHJIOCTHHIO, rricT Ta iHmi xpHCTH.HHChKi o6oB'.H3KH. BeJIHKY yBary JleB I 3BepTaB Ha pi3Hi epeci, ~o 6aJiaMyTHJIH ~ B Ti llacn: xpHCTH.HH. KoJIH B caMoMy Pn:Mi rroHBHJIHCh MaHixe:Hu;i, Ilana CKJIHKaB pa,IJ;y 3 ,IJ;YXOBHHX i CBiTCbKHX oci6 Ta MaHiXeHCbKHX 垄'aJibiilyBaJibHHKiB npa13,IJ;H. 8pe'I'HKH I!pH3HaJIH CBOlO BHHy; IIiCJISI TOI'O O,IJ;Hi 3 HHX ,IJ;06poBiJihHO 3aJIHIIlHJIH PHM, a aaneKJIHX cBiTCbKa BJia,IJ;a imceJIHJta 3 MicTa. KpiM Taro, Ilana

208

18 momro

ITOCTiHHO 3aCTepiraB Hapo.n; nepe.n; epeTJ-Ill;hKRMR <lJaJibiiiaMR B cBo1x noB'laHH.HX i JIRCTax .n;o Bcix pRMChKRX enRcKoniB. Horo 143 JIRCTR )J;OCi 3aCBi)J;'lYIOTh apxinaCTRpCbKY peBHiCTh Ha.n; cnaciHH.HM .n;yrn. qepe3 JIHCTH :i1: npH13.n; pi3HHX enlfcKoniB .n;o PHMa Ilana 6yB y TicHi:ii 3Jiy:u;i 3 yciMa To.n;irnHiMH enRcKonaMli"'!

KoJIH B IcnaHi'i no'laJia IIIHPHTRC.H HOB a epecb npHC:U:HJii.HHi3MY, m;o He BR3HaBaJia IIpecB.HTo1 Tpi:ii:u;i, BOcKpeciHH.H TiJI i no.n;pyacac.H, Ilana B JIHCTi .n;o enlfcKona AcTopri'i 3anepe'IHB Te rHOCTHKO-MaHixe:iicnKe nceB.n;oBqeHH.H :i1: HaKa3aB CKJIHKaTR C11:Ho.n; icnaHChKHX enlfcKoniB )J;JI.H cTpHMaHH.H epeci. 3aJiaro.n;acyBaB cnpaBR enlfcKoncnKi, o6opoH.HB noKpHB.n;aceHHX. BeJIRKY yBary npR.n;iJI.HB IJana Bi.n;6opy KaH)J;lf)J;aTiB y )J;yXOBHlfH CTaH, m;o6 TY)J;lf He ITOTpaiTlfB XTOCh 3 HeiTOKJIHKaHHX qlf Heri)J;HRX 3i IIIKO)J;OIO )J;JI.H CB. BipR H JIIO)J;ChKlfX .n;yiii. IJpo :u;e TaK CKa3aB epycaJilfMChKlfH naTpiapx: ",H 3HaHIIIOB 3aiTHCKy, lll;O no.n;i6HRH )1;0 aHreJiiB 6JiaaceHHlfH IJana JleB qyBaB i MOJilfBC.H COpOK )J;HiB np11: rpo6i CB. IleTpa Ta npocRB co6i qepe3 3acTynHH:U:TBO anocToJia Bi.n; Bora npom;eHH.H rpixiB. IlicJI.H Taro cKa3aB :iioMy CB. IleTpo y Blf)J;iiiHi: "Bar npOCTlfB T06i TB01 rpiXlf, 3a BlfH.HTKOM TlfX, .HKi TR .n;onycTHB, .n;aiOqlf CB. TaiiHH CB.Hm;eHH:U:TBa; 3a HHX Tlf MYCHIII m;e Bi.n;noBi.n;aTH". ,I1;6aiO'lR npo .n;o6pR:i1: .n;o6ip .n;yxoBHRX oci6, IJana JleB 3a6opOHRB BlfCB.HqyBaTR Ha CB.Hlll;eHHld.B HeBiJihHHKiB i JIIO)J;eH 3 HeBi)J;ITOBi)J;HRM ITOITepe.n;HiM 3aH.HTT.HM; KaH)J;lf)J;aTaMR Ha .n;yXOBHRH CaH MOrJill 6yTH TiJihKlf JIIO)J;lf 3piJioro BiKy, .HKi TPRBaJIRH qac npa:u;IOBaJIR )J;JI.H .n;o6pa IJ;epKBR :i1: BR3Ha'laJIRC.H ,li;YXOM ITOCJIYXY :u;epKOBHOMY 3aKOHOBi Ta )J;RCll;lfiTJiiHOBaHiCTIO. BaraTo npHKpom;iB nplfqlfHRB Ilani JleBoBi :u;epKOBHHH Cxi.n;.

KoJIH rpe:u;I>KRH MOHax 8BTHxi:i1: CTaB nornHpiOBaTH <lJaJihiiiHBY npOTRnpaBOBipHy HayKy npo Ha.HBHicTh O)J;Hie1 ITpllpO)J;R B lcyci XpRcTi, a npHXHJihHHKlf 6aTI>Ka HOB01 epeci 3a npoBo.n;oM 0JieKCaH.n;piHChKOrO naTpiapxa ,lJ;iOCKOpa Ta 3a )J;OITOMOrOIO iMnepaTopchKoro .n;Bopy 3HeBaacaJIR AnocTOJihChKY CTOJIH:U:IO :i1: 3aMyqlfJIR Ha cMepTh CB. IJ;apropo.n;c~>Koro naTpiapxa <l>JiaBiaHa, o6opoH:u;.H npaB)J;lfB01 XpHCTOBo1 BipH, Ilana JleB BHCTYITHB 3 o6opoHoiO npaB.n;R B JIHCTi .n;o iMnepaTopa Teo.n;oci.H MoJio.n;rnoro.

IIocJiaHH.H npo eBTHXi.HHChKY epecn cTaJio o.n;HRM 3 Ha:ii:u;iHHiiiiHX TBOpiB XpHCTOB01 IJ;epKBlf, a Ilana eJiaci:ii 3a6opOHlfB 3MiHHTR B HhOMY xo'la 6 o.n;Hy 6yKBY. IlicJI.H Co6opy B PRMi, Ha .HKOMY 6yJio 3acy.n;aceHo epecb 8BTHXi.H, Ilana ITRCaB .n;o iMnepaTopa B IJ;apropo.n;: "IJ;apiO, 3aJIHIII €ITlfCKOITaM )J;iJia CB. BipR, 60 BOHlf He 6o.HThC.H JIIO)J;ChKHX norpo3 i HaCHJIJI.H. TBo1M o6oB' .H3KOM e o6opoH.HTlf cp. IJ;epKBY :i1: HaKa3yBaTH THX, m;o HenoKO.HTh 11, .HK XO'leiii, m;o6 rocno.n;h 6opOHlfB TBOIO .n;epacaBy. AJie MeHi 3)J;aeTh-

r

209

18 nJOToro

c.a, ~o .a 6y.u;y cBi,n;KoM Taro, .HK Bar 6y.u;tt Te6e KapaTlr".

HacTyrrHoro poKy iMrrepaTop 3arHHYB rri.u; tiac rroJIIOBaHH.H. HacTyiiHHK Teo.u;oci.a MapKi.HH, tiOJIOBiK u;apiBHH IlyJihxepil, CKJIHKaB Ha 6amaHH.H IlarrH 451 poKy BceJieHChKH:H: Co6op y XaJIKi,n;oHi, Ha .HKOMY 6yJIH rrpe,n;cTaBHHKH IlarrH. KoJIH TaM rrpotiHTaJIH JIHCTa CB. JleBa .u;o CB. <t>JiaBiaHa B crrpaBi 3arrepetieHH.H epeci €BTHxi.a, 630 OTIJ;iB Co6opy, 3axorrJieHHX HayKoiO IlarrH JleBa rrpo ,n;Bi rrpHpo,n;H B XpHcTi, BHryKHYJIH: "IleTpo rrpoMOBHB ycTaMH JleBa!" A rricJI.H Co6opy rrocJiaJIH JIHCTa .u;o IlarrH 3 3a.aBoro: "TH - Haiii 6aThKO H rOJIOBa, i MH rroro,n;myeMOC.H 3 T060IO B e,n;HocTi BipH". KamyTh, KOJIH Ilarra rrHcaB Te ",II;orMaTHtiHe IIOCJiaHH.H" ,!1;0 CB. <l>JiaBiaHa, TO IIOKJiaB :H:oro Ha BiBTapi H 40 ,n;HiB MOJIHBC.H, rrocTHB Ta rrpocHB Bora ,n;o3BOJIHTH :H:oMy rri3HaTH, 'IH He Tpe6a tiOrOCh 3MiHHTH B IIOCJiaHHi, ~06 ycniiiiHiiiie 6opOHHTH IJ;epKBY. A rocrro,n;h o6' .HBHB CB. Ilarri, ~0 Bee TaM ,n;o6pe HaiiHCaHO. KoJIH rri.u; CTOJIHIJ;IO xpHCTH.HHCTBa KOPOJih eHcepHX rrpHBiB THCH"l[i ,n;HKHX BaH,n;aJiiB, Ilarra BHHIIIOB :H:oMy Ha3ycTpiti Ta rrpocHB rro~a,n;H ,li;JI.H PHMa. feHcepHx rroo6iu;.aB Ilani, ~o He 6y.u;e B6HBaTH Hapo.u;y, HH~HTH :H:oro BOrHeM, aJie B PHM yBi:H:rnoB. 3a6paBIIIH ~eJIHKY 3,li;06Hti i 6paHIJ;iB, BaH,ll;aJIH rriCJI.H 15 ,li;HiB 3aJIHIIIHJIH MiCTO. He 3p06HJIH TO,ll;i Hi.HKOl IIIKO,li;H TiJihKH B u;epKBaX CB. arrOCTOJiiB IleTpa i IlaBJia. IliCJI.H Bi,li;CTyny BaH,n;aJiiB Ilana HeraHHO B3.HBC.H ,li;OJiaTH IIIKO,ll;y, 3aiiO,ll;i.HHY BaH,n;aJiaMH. ,II;o llOJIOHeHHX pHMJI.HH B AcppHu;i nocJiaB CB.H~eHHKiB, a ,n;JI.a norpa6oBaHHX u;epKOB nocTapaBCH npo HOBi u;epKOBHi pH3H H rrocy,n;.

Y CBOlX CrrpaBaX CB. Ilana JleB MaB TaKy CHJihHY Ha,ll;iiO Ha Bomy .u;onoMory, ~a cepe.u; Tpy,n;Ho~iB HiKOJIH He 6yB 3pameHHM i B Ha:H:npHKpiiiii XBHJIHHH 36epiraB cnaceHHY piBHOBary ,n;yxy.

Bnpo,n;oBm 21 poKy npaBJiiHH.H XpHCTOBOIO IJ;epKBOIO BiH 3,n;o6YB co6i mo6oB y6orHx i 6araTHX, u;apiB i BapBapiB, .u;yxoBeHCTBa :H: Hapo.u;y.

IloMep CB. Ilana 461 poKy. IlicJI.H rroxopoHy :H:oro TiJio cnotiHJIO npH Bxo.u;i .u;o u;epKBH CB. IleTpa. Ha :H:oro rpo6i 3po6JieHo HanHc: "HK aa .mHTT.H 6epir IJ;epKBy, TaR nicJI.H cMepTi tiyBae npH 11 Bxo.u;i".

B icTopiro IJ;epKBH BiH YBi:H:rnoB .HK cB. JleB BeJIHKHH, BtiHTeJih 3axi,n;HOl IJ;epKBH.

r

210

19-20 moTOro

CBHTHfi APXHll CB. Apx1-m, 路 o.n;RH 3 70 XpncTOBRX yq:HiB, 6yB enncKonoM y MaJii:H: A3i'i, B KoJioccax. Y CBoeMy IlocJiaHHi .n;o KoJIOC.HH cB. anocToJI IlaBJIO nniiie: "Ta cKamiTh ApxnnoBi: BBam!t:H: Ha CJiym6y, I.D;O npRHH.HB Bi)J; rocno.n;a, :w;o6 i:i: BRKOHaTR" (1\JI 4:17).

Ilpn6JIR3HO 65 poKy cB. Apxnn 6yB peBHRM nacTnpeM .n;yiii y KoJioccax, a XpncTa npocJiaBRB Myq:eHRIJ;hKOlO cMepno pa30M 3i CB. <llRJIRMOHOM i noro .n;pymRHO:EO CB. AmpielO 3a iMnepaTopa HepoHa. KoJIR noraHR B KoJioccax ypoqncTo Bi.n;3HatiaJIR CB.HTO 6ornHi ApTeMi.n;n :H: .n;oBi.n;aJIRCH, :w;o B .n;oMi cB. Ancpil 3i6paJIRC.H xpncTR.HHR Ha 6orocJiym6y, HanaJIR Ha HRX. O.n;Hnx BipHnx no6RJIR, iHIIIRX noB6RBaJIR Ha cMepTh, a cB. Apxnna, <llRJIRMOHa i1: Ancpi10 noBeJIR .n;o Hal.laJihHRKa MicTa ApTOKJinca, .n;e 'ix BOJIOl.IRJIR no 3eMJii i1: HeMRJiocep.n;Ho 6RJIR naJIRIJ;.HMR a onicJI.H 3aKonann no no.Hc y 3eMJI:EO i1: 3aKR,ll;aJIR KaMiHH.HM. Bi.n; KaMeHyBaHH.H cB. <llRJIRMOH i CB. Ancpi.H noMepJIR, a CB. Apxnna .n;opi3aJIR HomaMR. 20

JUOToro

CBHTHfi JIEB KAT AHChlCHH BYB CRHOM no6omHnx 6aThKiB, po.n;oM - 3 iTaJiiMChKOro MicTa PaBeHHi. 3aB)J;.HKR CBO'iM 3HaHH.HM :H: no6omHOCTi B CB.HI.D;eHR:U:hKOMY CTaHi, CB. JleBa npR3Hal.J:RJIR enRCKOnOM CRIJ;RJiiMChKOrO MicTa KaTaHi'i.

CB. JleB 6yB .n;o6pnM nacTnpeM .n;yiii, .HKRM peBHO Tpy.n;nBc.H Ha.n; Bil.IHRM cnaciHH.HM, CBO'iM i 6JIRmHix. B6ori, xbopi i1: MaH.n;piBHRKR MaJIR B KaTaHiMChKOMY enncKoni MRJiocep.n;Horo oniKyHa, .HKRM 3 BeJIRKO:EO XpRCTR.HHChKO:EO JI:E060B':EO o6.n;apoByBaB ycix xapl.laMR i1: o.n;eme:EO. Ilo6omHoro BJia.n;nKy Ha.n;iJIRB Bor .n;apoM l.ly.n;oTBopeHH.H. 3aB)J;.HKR HOrO MOJIRTBaM CJiini 6al.J:RJIR, 6icHyBaTi 3BiJihH.HJIRC.H Bi.n; aJioro .n;yxa, a noraHChKi i.n;oJIR na.n;ann Ha aeMJI:EO. KoJIR KaTaHiHChKRM lOHaK !Jiio.n;op, CRH l.J:eCHRX XpRCTR.HHChKRX 6aThKiB, Bi.n;piKc.H XpncTa i1: Bi.n;.n;aB ce6e ,li;R.HBOJIOBi, aai1:Mal0l.IRCI> l.lapiBHRIJ;TBOM, CB. JleB l.J:aCTO 3aKJIH:KaB HOrO ,11;0 HaBepHeHH.H, o.n;HaK 6ea ycnixy. KoJIR m TOM He:w;acHRM Bi.n;BamRBC.H o.n;Horo ,li;H.H npnii:TR .n;o :u;epKBR :H: ni.n; l.lac apxiepe:H:cbKOi: CJiym6n Bomo'i po6H:TR TaM CBOlMR qapaMR 3aMiiiiaHH.H, CB. JleB Bi)J;CTynRB Bi)J; BiBTap.H, ..3B'.H3aB l.lapiBHRKa OMOcpOpOM, BRBiB Ha cepe)J;RHY MiCTa;

211

21 moToro TaM HaKa3aB p03IIaJUITM BeJIMKMH BOrOHb, -a TO,IJ;i pa30M 3 IJiio,IJ;opoM cTaB cepe,IJ; BorHro :ii ,IJ;OTM TpMMaB t.IapiBHMKa, ,IJ;OKM TOll He 3ropiB. Ilicmr TOrO CaM 30BciM HeyiiiKO,IJ;meHMH BepHyBCR ,IJ;O n;epKBM i ,IJ;OKiHt.IMB CJiym6y Eo my. IJ:e cTaJIOCR rrpn6JIM3HO 780 poKy. 3aKiHt.IMB rrperro,IJ;o6HMH oTen;b JieB KaTaHCbKMH cBoe CBRTe mMTTR B rJIM60KiH CTOpOCTi. IlOXOBaJIM HOrO B n;epKBi CB. JlyKil, RKY BiH CaM 36y,IJ;yBaB. IlpM HOrO CB. MOm;ax, 3 RKMX BMIIJIMBaJIO IJ;iJIIOIIJ;e MMpO, ,IJ;iRJIMCR t.Iy,IJ;a.

21

JIIOTOrO

CBHTHH THMOTEH CHMBOJibCbKHH Y CMMBOJibCbKOMY MOHaCTMpi, rro6JIM3Y ropM OJiiMrr, 6iJIR IJ:apropo,IJ;a, ,IJ;e apxiMaH,Il;pMTOM 6yB CB. TeoKTMCT, mnB rro6omHMH MOHax TMMOTe:ii, po,IJ;OM 3 ITaJiil. BiH 6yB TaKMM rro6omHMM i l.J:MCTMM IOHaKOM, IIJ;O 3p06MB C06i IIOCTaHOBY HiKOJIM HaBiTb He IIO,IJ;MBMTMCR Ha miHot.Ie JIMn;e, i 3a Bomoro JiaCKOIO ,IJ;OTpMMaB CBOIO o6iTHMIJ;lO. B MOHaCTMpi IIi,IJ; ,IJ;YXOBHMM IIpOBO,Il;OM CB. BM3HaBIJ;R IlmtTOHa BiH rrpocJiaBJIRB Bora CBOIMM MOJIMTBaMM, IIOCTaMM ll Hit.IHMMM t.IyBaHHRMM, HKi 3p06MJIM HOrO 3,IJ;aTHMM 36eperTM am ,Il;O CMepTi HerropyiiieHMM BeJIMKMH CKap6 CB. l.J:MCTOTM. BaraTO JiiT BiH rrepe6yBaB Ha CaMOTi B IIYCTMHi ll ITO ropax.

Ilo He6ecHy Haropo,IJ;y Bi,IJ;iHIIIOB rrpeiiO,IJ;06HMH OTeiJ;b TMMOTeH y rJIM60KiH CTapOCTi. 21

JIIOTOrO

CBHTHH CBCTATIH 0,IJ;HMM 3 OTIJ;iB BceJieHCbKoro Co6opy, m;o Bi,IJ;6yBcR 325 poKy B MaJii:ii A3il (MicTi HiKeR), 6yB apxierrncKorr CB. CBcTaTi:ii, HKMH ycJiaBMB ce6e piiiiy<IMM BMCTYIIOM IIpOTM apiaHCbKOl epeci.

CB. €BcTaTi:ii rroxo,IJ;MB 3 MaJioa3i:iicbKoro MicTa Ci,IJ;e. ByB BiH Bt.IeHMM, ,IJ;06pMM IIpOMOBIJ;eM, IIOBHMM XpMCTMRHCbKMX t.IeCHOT, a rOJIOBHe - Ha,ZJ;3BMt.IaHHO peBHMM y 3aKpirrJieHHi Ta IIOIIIMpeHHi, rrpaBoBipHocTi. Bn6paHMH Ha errncKorra Bepei: B Cnpil, CB. €BCTaTiH IIIBM,Il;KO 3,IJ;06yB co6i aBTOpMTeT y IJ:epKBi: cB. OJieKcaH,IJ;p, apxierrncKoM MicTa OJieKcaH,IJ;pil, JIMcTyBaBcR 3 HMM 323 poKy B crrpaBi Api.H Ta :iioro cpaJibiiiMBoi: HayKM rrpoTM 6omecTBa Icyca XpncTa. 3ro,IJ;OM €BcTaTi:ii rrociB aHTioxi:iicbKMH

212

21 moTOro BJI8,ll;ll'Illif rrpeCTOJI, XO'! ,ll;OBrO Bi.D;MOBJI.HBC.H Bi,n; HhOrO if IIpllifH.HB iforo TiJihKH ,n;JI.H Bomo1 cJiaBn. BepHyBIIIHCh 3 HiKe1, CKJIHKaB y cBo1if apxierrapxil Co6op, ru;o6 rroKJiacnr Kpaif He3ro,n;i, .HKa po36nBaJia :u;epKOBHY e,n;HiCTh B AHTioxiL Oco6mmy yBary 3BepTaB BiH Ha Bn6ip KaH,n;n,n;aTill ,ll;O ,n;yXOBHOrO CTaHy; 6yB Ha,D;3Bll'IaifHO CYBOpllif y Blliipo6oByBaHHi 1XHhOrO xapaKTepy if IIOCTiifHO Bi.D;Kll,D;aB THX, '!ll.H Bipa, 3aca,n;n if rroBo,n;meHH.H Bl1:rJI.H,n;aJin rri,n;o3piJIHMH. CB. €BcTaTiif ,n;6aifJinBo 6epir CB.HTiCTh cBoei: ,n;yiiii :H ychoro mnTT.H, a Bo,n;Ho'!ac peBHO Tpy,n;HBC.H H8,ll; 3aKpirrJieHH.HM y rrpaB,D;llBOMY XpllCTll.HHCTBi CB01X BipHHX. IIpnKpmo Hecrro,n;iBaHKOIO 6yJio ,n;JI.H cB. €BcTaTi.H Te, ru;o €BceBiif, errncKorr Kecapil IlaJiecTHHChKo1, cxnJI.HE:ThC.H ,n;o apiaHi3MY. 3a.HBa CB. €BCTaTi.H IIpO Te, IIJ;O €BCeBiif Ta iHIIIi errncKorrn 3MiHHJIH HiKeifchKHif CnMBOJI Bipn, BHKJinKaJia rrpoTn CB.HToro BeJinKe o6ypeHH.H apiaH, a €BceBiif, errncKorr HiKoMi,n;i1, roTyBaB rrpoTn Hhoro 3MOBY. IIi,n; BHrJI.H,n;oM Bi,n;Bi,n;nH CB. Mic:u;h, Bn6paBc.H €BceBiif 3i cBo1M o,n;HoyM:u;eM TeorHieM, errncKorroM HiKe1, ,n;o €pycannMa, ,n;e BOHH 3YCTpiJIHC.H 3 iHIIIHMH apiaHChKHMH E:IIllCKOIIaMH. 3 €pycaJIHMa IIOBepHyJIHC.H pa30M ,ll;O AHTioxi1 i TaM CKJIHKaJin 331 poKy co6op, Ha .HKOMY BHCTyrrnJia O,D;Ha :>KiHKa 3 ,ll;llTllHOIO Ha pyKaX, 3BHHyBa'!ylOTIH CB. €BCTaTi.H B TOMy, ru;o BiH - 6aThKO 11 ,n;nTHHH. CB.HTHif 3~.HBHB rrpo CBOIO HeBHHHiCTh i rrpnra,n;aB yciM CJIOBa CB. aiiOCTOJia IlaBJia, IIJ;O CB.HIIJ;eHHKa He MO:>KHa 3acy,n;myBaTH, xi6a IIJ;O CBi,ll;'IllTllMYTh IIpOTll HhOrO ,ll;BOE: a6o 6iJihiiie CBi,n;KiB. €IIHCKOIIH-Bi,ll;CTYIIHllKll He 3BepTaJin Ha :u;i cJioBa yBarn. He3a6apoM Ta He'!ecHa miHKa 3aHe,n;ymaJia i To,n;i po3Ka3aJia KiJihKOM CB.HIIJ;eHnKaM rrpaB,n;y, IIJ;O ll apiaHH rri,n;KyiiHJill rpiiiiMll, IIJ;06 BOHa cpaJihlli~BO OCKap:>KHJia CB. €BCTaTi.H, rrpll TiM 3aiieBH.HIO'!ll ll, IIJ;O BOHa He ,n;yme 3rpiiiiHTh, 60 6aThKOM ,ll;llTllHll 6yB po6iTHllK 3 TaKHM CaMHM iMeHeM. Ta xoq Bor Bnpa3HO BH.HBHB HeBHHHiCTh cBoro BipHoro CJiyrn, i rrpaBOBipHi E:IIllCKOIIll BllCTYIIllJill IIpOTll HecrrpaBe,ll;JillBOro cy,n;y, 3aCJiiiiJieHi apiaHChKOIO epeCCIO E:IIllCKOIIll II036aBHJill cB. €BcTaTi.H BJia,n;nqoro rrpecToJiy. IIicJI.H Toro HiKoMi,n;iifchKHif errncKorr €BceBiif i TeorHiif HeraifHo rrocrriiiinJin ,n;o KoHcTaHTHHa BeJinKoro 3 rroBi,n;oMJieHH.HM rrpo rrocTaHoBy co6opy B crrpaBi CB. €BCTaTi.H, 3p06HBlllll HaKJieii Ha HhOrO, IIJ;O BiH 3HeBa:>KHB iforo Ta iforo MaTip CB. OJieHy. lMrrepaTop rroBipnB rrpoTHBHHKaM CB. €BcTaTi.H, BH3BaB iforo ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a, a rroTiM 3acy,n;nB Ha 3acJiaHH.H. IIepe,n; Bi,n;'13,n;oM 3 AHTioxil cB. €BcTaTiif CKJIHKaB Co6op, ,n;e HaKa3aB yciM: HerroxnTHO TpnMaTHC.H XpncTOB01 Bipn. IIporroBi,n;h

213

22 moToro cBoro apxiepe.a BipHi TaK 6Jni3hKO B3.HJIH cot'ti ,n;o cep:o;.a, rn;o HaBiTh yTBOPHJIH OKpeMy rpyny "eBcTaTi.aH", rn;o He BH3HaBaJIH enHCKOniB, .HKHX BH6paJIH npaBOBipHi pa30M 3 apiaHaMH. HenocTynJIHBiCTh eBcTaTi.HH, npaB,n;a, ,n;oBeJia 3ro,n;oM ,n;o po36paTy Mi:>K CaMHMH npaBOBipHHMH. €BCTaTift Bi,n;6yBaB 3aCJiaHH.H 3 KiJihKOMa CB.HID;eHHKaMH H ,n;H.HKOHaMH y Tpa.aHonoJii (TpaKi.a). CBoiO He,n;omo if yci npnKporn;i :>KHTT.H BiH 3HOCHB 3 TaKOIO nOKOpOIO, CnOKOeM Ta CHHiBCbKHM nOKJia,n;aHH.HM Ha Bomy BOJIIO, IIJ;O ftoro tieCHOTa BH.HBHJIOC.H CJiaBHiiiiOIO B nOHH:>KeHHi, Hi:>K y tiaCH BHBHIIJ;eHH.H. Ha cBift apxienncKonchKHH npecTOJI CB. €BcTaTift yme He BepHyBc.a: noMep Ha 3acJiaHHi B Tpa.aHonoJii a6o CI>HJIHnnax 6JIH3bKO 338 pOKY. 3a iMnepaTOpa 3HHOHa npH6JIH3HO 480 pOKY ftoro CB.HTi Morn;i nepeHeCJIH ,n;o AHTioxil.

CB. ATaHacift, cB. €poHiM i CB. IBaH 3oJioToycTHH noBamaJIH CB. €BcTaTi.a 3a ftoro tiecHoTy if 6orocJIOBChKi npa:o;i. CB. €poHiM Ha3HBae CB.aToro roJiacHoro Tpy6oro if nepiiiHM, xTo B3.HBC.H 3a nepo B o6opoHi XpHCTOBOl BipH nepe,n; HaCTynOM apiaHCbKOl epeci.

A CB. IBaH 3oJioToycTHH TaK nncaB npo CB. €BcTaTi.a: "KoJIH apiaHCbKa epecb, Hatie noiiieCTb 3 €rHnTy, BnaJia Ha HaC, TOM tiYHHHH i y:a,a:>KHHH naCTHp tiHHHB 1ft onip i, .HK po3yMHHH JiiKap, 36HpaB JiiKH H 6e3netiHO ynpaBJI.HB CB. :o;epKBOIO, BCiX KpinHB, 3aKJIHKaB ,II;O tiYHHOCTi if yBarH, Ta He CTepir JIHIIIe CBOIO :o;epKBY, a nOCHJiaB CBOlX JIIO,n;eft no BCiX iHIIIHX, ID;06 BipHHX 3aCTeperTH, yKpinHTH Ta 3aropo,n;HTH BOporOBi CB. BipH yci BXO,n;H".

22 JIJOToro

CB.HTI MYqEHHKH €BrEHIHCbKI Y nepiiiHX BiKaX XpHCTH.HHCTBa, KOJIH noraHChKi npaBHTeJii nepecJii,n;yBaJIH xpncTH.HH, 6araTo 3 BipHHX npocJiaBHJIH Bora CBOeiO TepneJIHBiCTIO if MytieHHIJ;bKOIO CMepTIO. TiJia CB. My-qeHHKiB, KHHyTi Ha p03Tep3aHH.H 3BipaM i nTHIJ;.HM, no60:>KHi xpHCTH.HHH TaeMHO 3a6npaJIH if xoBaJIH no pi3HHX Mic:o;.ax. TaK nOXOBaJIH 6araTO TiJI CB. MYtJeHHKiB no6JIH3Y MiCTa €BreHil, npo rn;o ,n;oBri poKH JIIO,n;H He 3HaJIH. KoJIH m Ha Mic:o;e noraHChKHX BOJIO,n;apiB npHHIIIJIH XpHCTH.HHChKi, i Bipyrotii MOrJIH BiJihHO BH3HaBaTH CB. Bipy, Ha TOMY Mic:o;i, ,n;e 6yJIH nOXOBaHi TiJia THX CB. MYtJeHHKiB, notiaJIH tiy,n;eCHO BH,n;ymyBaTH pi3Hi XBOpi. KoJIH npo :o;e ,n;oBi,n;aBc.a Mic:o;eBHH enHcKon, npHHIIIOB Ha Te Mic:o;e 3 ,n;yxoBeHCTBOM, HaKa3aB p03KOnaTH MOrHJIY, 3HaHIIIOBIIIH 214

22

JliOTOro

B HiH 6araTO TiJI, U,iJIHX i He3HlUU,eHHX, 3 HKHX BHXO,li;HB npHeMHHH aanax. To,n;i 3H0By BH,n;ymaJio 6araTo xBopHx i 6icHyBaTHX. CB. Morn;i nepeHeCJIH ,n;o u,epKBH. IIicJIH Toro o,n;HH no6omHHH 'IOJIOBiK, M:aKoJia KaJiir'paQ), MRB o6'SIBJieHHH, ID;O Mim MOID;RMH CB. MY1JeHHKiB y €BreHil e Morn;i CB. AH,n;poHiKa, o,n;Horo a 70 AnocToJiiB, cB. lOHii:, iioro llOMi'IHHU,i, npo HKHX CB. IlaBJIO 3ra,n;ye B CBOeMy llOCJiaHHi ,ll;O pHMJISIH: "BiTaiiTe AH,n;poHiKa Ta lOHiro, po,n;H'IiB Mo'ix i cniBB'H3HiB, ID;O e BH3Ha'IHi Mim anOCTOJiaMH, SIKi BHnepe,n;HJIH MeHe B Xp:acTi" (PM 16:7).

22

JIIOTOro

CBHTA MAPrAPHTA KOPTOHCbKA MaprapHTa MaJia ciM JiiT, HK noMepJia ii MaTH ii aaJIHlliHJia ,n;iB'IHHY CHpOTOro. 1.Jepe3 ,D;Ba pOKH i:i: 6aThKO, iTaJiiHCbKHH ceJIHHHH 3 JlaB,n;iHHO, o,n;pymHBCH B,n;pyre, aJie cyBopa Ma'Iyxa He BMiJia BHXOByBaTH CnparHeHOl MaTepHHCbKOl Jiro60Bi Ta IIeCTOID;iB ,ZJ;HTHHH. THM 'IacoM Maprap:aTa BHpocJia KpacyHero,4t:Ka Tym:aJia aa Jiro6oB'ro Ta npHH3HHM cepu,eM. He MaK>'IH .u,Loro B,li;OMa, BOHa 3HaHmJia lX noaa HHM, ll03HaHOMHBlliHCb 3 6araTHM napy6KOM 3 MicTa MoHTenyJIL'IiHHO, HKoro IIOJIOHHJia 'i'i Kpaca. IIoo6iu,HBlliH, Ma6yTh, 6i,n;HiH ,n;iB'IHHi, o,n;pymHTHCH 3 Hero, BiH O,li;Hiel HO'Ii 3a6paB ll ,li;O CBOrO 3RMKY B ropax, ,n;e BOHa llO'IaJia )KHTH 3 HHM y ,n;ocTaTKax i poaKoiiiax, aJie o,n;Ho'IaCHO ii y BeJIHKOMY rpici.

Maprap:aTa He 6yJia Bi,n; npHpo,n;H poa6ern;eHoro ,n;iB'IHHoro; ToNiy, IIOCTiHHO Bi,n;'IyBaro'IH rpiiiiHiCTb CBOrO )KlfTTSI, 'IaCTO npOCHJia CBOrO 3Bi,li;HHKa B3HTH 3 Hero IIIJIK>6, Ta BiH TOrO He XOTiB. I TaK 3 pOKy B piK BOHa llOTOllaJia B HeMOpaJibHOCTi. ,lJ;JIH MiCU,eBOl MOJio,n;i, HKa 'IacTo 6a'IHJia rapHy, 6araTo o,n;HrHeHy MaprapHTY Ha BYJIHU,HX MoHTenyJIL'IiHHO, H mHTTSI 6yJio nocTiHHHM 3ripiiieHHHM. Y TaKOMY CTaHi BOHa CTaJia MaTip'ro: npHBeJia Ha CBiT XJIOII'IHKa. l.Jepe3 ,n;eB 'SITb poKiB TaKOrO rpiiiiHOrO )KHTTSI CTaJIOCb Henepe,n;6a1JeHe. O,n;Horo ,n;HH BH'ixaB il KoxaHeu,h orJIH,n;aTH MaeTOK ii He noBepHyBcSI ,n;o,n;oMy. MaprapHTa a TpHBoroK> 'IeKaJia :u;iJiy ,n;o6y, aJie BiH He npHxo,n;HB. KoJIH BOHa, aamypeHa, paa y paa BHrJIH,n;aJia Ha ,n;opory, HapeiiiTi no6a'IHJia co6aKy, HKHH 6ea cBoro naHa 6ir ,n;o,n;oMy. HaKHHYBIIIH HaMiTKy, MaprapHTa no6irJia CTpHBomeHo cJii,n;oM aa co6aKoro, a BiH aaBiB H B Jiic ni,n;

215

22 lltoToro KpHcJiaToro ,n;y6a, ,n;e rro"'laB po3rpi6aTH Kyrry .J1HCT.H. MaprapHTa, p03KHHYBIIIH Te JIHCT.H, II06a"'IHJia Tpyrr CBOrO B6HTOrO KOXaHIJ;.H. Toft BHrra,n;oK, Ha"'le rpiM, Bpa3HB MaprapHTy. rJIH60KO Bi,n;"'lyBIIIH CBOIO rpiiiiHiCTh, BOHa rro6a"'IHJia B IJ;bOMY Bo.my pyKy. Bi,n;,n;aBIIIH BeCb MaeToK pi,n;Hi B6HToro, a MHJIOCTHHIO- B6orHM, BOHa O,ll;.HrHyJiaC.H B IIOKa.HHHY O,n;e.my H BepHyJiaC.H 3 CHHOM ,ll;O 6aTbKiBCbKoro ,n;oMy, rrpoc.H"'IH rrpon:t;eHH.H ft rrpHTYJIKy. KoJIH

.m

6aTbKO, 3a HaMOBOIO Ma"'lyXH, He XOTiB IIpHHH.HTH 11, Hen:t;aCHa MaprapHTa, 6e3 ,n;axy Ha,n; roJIOBOIO ft 3aco6iB ,n;o .mHTT.H, 6yJia 6 yrraJia B po3rra"'l, .HK6H Bor He rro,n;aB 1ft ,n;yMKH rriTH ,n;o MicTa KopTOHH ft TaM rrpocHTH rroMo"'li B MOHaxiB <PpaHu;icKaHu;iB, .HKi 6yJIH JiaCKaBi ,ll;O rpiiiiHHKiB. KoJIH MaprapnTa 6JiyKaJia BYJIHIJ;.HMH, IIIyKaiO"'IH Toft MOHacTHp, 3BepHyJIH Ha l l Hy.m,n;eHHHH BHrJI.H,ll; yBary ,ll;Bi rro6o.mHi rraHi. KoJIH Hen:t;acHa po3Ka3aJia 1M CBOIO cyMHY icTopiiO, BOHH 3MHJIOCep,n;HJIHC.H Ha,n; HeiO ft 3a6paJIH 11 3 XJIOII"'IHKOM ,ll;O CBOrO ,ll;OMy. 3rO,ll;OM BOHa ,ll;OBi,n;aJiaC.H, ,n;e MeiiiKaiOTh 0TIJ;i <PpaHIJ;iCKaHu;i, IIJ;HpO BHCIIOBi,n;aJiaCh rrepe,n; HHMH i 3 TOrO "'lacy BOHH CTaJIH ,n;yiiii. 0,n;HH 3 HHX,

ii

IIOCTiHHHH

crroBi,n;HHK, o • .IJ:.mroHTi BeBeHi.HTi, HarrncaB 3ro,n;oM

'i'i

.mHTTerrnc.

IIOCTiHHHMH rrpoBi,ll;HHKaMH

ll

Ilpnfi¥BIIIH ,n;o KopTOHH, MaprapHTa MaJia TiJihKH

21

piK.

Tpn poKH 6opoJiac.a 3 CHJibHHMH TiJieCHHMH crroKycaMH, n:t;o6, 3a Bo.moro JiaCKOIO, rri,n;KopHTH TiJio ,n;yxoBi. Bi,n;Ha Ka.HHHHIJ;.H IIO"'IyBaJiaC.H B Ti pOKH Ha,ll;3BH"'IaHHO n:t;aCJIHBOIO ft IIOBHOIO Ha,n;i'i, XO"'Ia "'laCTO Ha Hel HaXO,ll;HB CMYTOK, i TO,n;i BOHa 6yJia 6JIH3bKOIO ,ll;O p03IIYKH.

Y

XBHJIHHH MiHJIHBOCTi 11 HaCTp01B p.HTyBaB

ll

p03YMHHH rrpOBi,n; ,n;yXOBHHX IIpOBi,ll;HHKiB, .HKHM BOHa CTapaJiaC.H 6yTH 3a.m,n;H IIOKipHOIO. "lfaCTO IIpHXO,ll;HJia ,n;o MoHTerryJih"'li.HHO,

n:t;o6

11

TaM,

1ft

,n;yMKa BepHyTHC.H

3B'.H3aHy IIIHypoM, .HK

3JIO"'IHHHHIJ;IO, BO,ll;HJIH BYJIHIJ;.HMH MicTa. A.rre ,n;yxoBHHH rrpoBi,n;HHK ,ll;03BOJIHB 1ft TiJihKH O,ll;HH pa3 IIiTH B He,n;iJIIO rri,n; u;epKBY ft TaM IIpOCHTH B JIIO,ll;eft rrpon:t;eHH.H 3a KOJIHIIIHE: rpiiiiHe )KHTT.H. BOHa XOTiJia 3HHIIJ;HTH TaKO.m Kpacy CBOrO JIHIJ;.H, O,ll;HaK i Bi,ll; Toro YTPHMaB 11 rrpoBi,n;HHK, a TaKo.m Bi,n;pa,n;.myBaB 1ft Bi,n;6yBaTH Ha,n;To BeJIHKi rroKyTH,

.HKHX 6i,n;Ha MaprapHTa rrparHyJia,

KaiO"'IHCh 3a cBo1 rpixH. O,n;Horo pa3y BOHa cKa3ana CB.Hn:t;eHHKOBi: "0T"'Ie, He Ka.miTh MeHi 3Ba.maTH Ha CBOE: TiJIO. Mi.m MHOIO i HHM MYCHTb 6yTH 6opOTb6a a.m ,ll;O CMepTi".

Ha n:t;o,n;eHHHft rrpo.mHTOK ,n;JI.H ce6e ft ,n;HTHHH BOHa 3apo6JI.HJia CIIO"'IaTKY ,n;orJI.H,ll;OM 3a XBOpHMH .miHKaMH B MiCTi; 3rO,ll;OM IIO"'IaJia 6iJibiiie MOJIHTHC.H Ta IIiKJiyBaTHC.H B60rHMH. Ilorrpon:t;aBIIIHCh 3i CB01MH ,ll;BOMa ,n;o6pO"'IHHHHIJ;.HMH, B .HKHX BOHa ,ll;OCi rrepe6yBaJia, BOHa 3HaHIIIJia co6i B6ory xaTHHKy, a6o, CKOpiiiie, KeJiiiO y

216

22

JliOTOro

Bi,D;OKpeMJieHOMy Micn;i, .anma 3 MHJIOCTHHi. TipoHH.HTa ,n;yXOM IIOKYTH, BOHa 6yJia cyBopa He TiJihKH ,11;0 ce6e, aJie if ,ll;O )J;HTHHH, XO~ ,11;0 iHIIIHX 6y Jia Ha)J;3BH~aHHO Hi.mHa if ~YHHa. KoJIH cKiH~HJiac.H 11 TPHJiiTH.H .n;yxoBHa 6opoTh6a, To.n;i Bmia Bi.n;~yJia BeJIHKY mo6oB XpMcTa .n;o 11.n;yiiii. B Toil ~ac, 3a 3ro.n;mo cBo1x npoBi,n;HHKiB MaprapMTa CTaJia ~JieHKHHelO TpeThoro 'tJHHY CB. ll>paHn;icKa. Bi.n;paay rriCJI.H TOrO ll CHHa 3a6paJIH ,ll;O IIIKOJIH, .n;e BiH nepe6yBaB a.m ,11;0 BCTYIIY B MOHaCTMp 0TD;iB ll>paHD;iCKaHD;iB. MaprapMTa no~aJia po6HTH TaKHH BeJIHKHif nocTyn y MOJIHTBi, :r_n;o cTaJia Ha.n;iJieHa JiacKoiO 6eanocepe.n;Hho1 3JIYKH 3 lcycoM. 11 cniJIKYBaHH.H 3 BoroM 3aKiH~YBaJIHC.H ~acTo BH,D;iHH.HMH, XpHcToc cTaB roJIOBHHM y H .mHTTi. Tipo cBo1 Ha,n;aBH~aifHi poaMOBH a XpMCTOM BORa He JI106HJia roBopMTH HaBiTh ai cBoi:M npoBi.n;HHKOM, o. ,Il;.miOHTi, xi6a :r_n;o oTpHMyBaJia Bi.n; XpHcTa TaKe BeJiiHH.H a60 )J;JI.H BJiaCHOl rreBHOCTi, :r_n;o6 He IIOTpaiiHTH B caMoo6MaH. Bo.mi o6' .HBJieHH.H cTocyBaJIHC.H He TiJihKH 11 caMoi:, aJie if mo.n;e:ff, .HK, HarrpMKJia,n;, enHcKona BiJihreJibMa a Apen;n;o. 짜 1279 pon;i MaprapMTa Bi.n;BepHyJia CBOlMH MOJIHTBaMH Harra.n; KOpOJI.H CHn;HJiii: Ha TocKaHiw. 짜 1286 pon;i o.n;ep.maJia MaprapMTa .n;oaBi.J!__ Bi.n; enHcKona BiJibreJibMa Ha IIOCTi:ffHy, 03Ha~eHy CTaTyTOM, npan;IO Ha)J; y6orHMH. Cno~aTKY BORa ,n;orJI.H,n;aJia 1x, Ma6yTh, y cBo1:ff xaTHHi, Ta aro,n;oM o,n;Ha rraHi Bi,n;,n;aJia Ha Te cBi:ff ,n;iM. TioTiM, 3a ,n;orroMorow MiChKOi: BJia,n;H B KopToHi, MaprapMTa aacHyBaJia crrpaB.mHIO JiiKapHIO :ff 3rpoMa.n;.meHH.H cecTep, .HKi .n;orJI.H.n;aJIH XBOpHX, a TaKO.m- OKpeMe 6paTCTBO )J;JI.H OIIiKH Ha)J; JiiKapH.HMH H XBOpMMH. 3 poKaMH MaprapHTa po6HJia Bee 6iJihiiiHH rrocTyn Ha .n;opoai Ka.HTT.H; He MorJia Ha,n;HByBaTHC.H, .HK Bor Mo.me TeprriTH TaKe Hy.m.n;eHHe TBOPHBo, .HKHM BORa ce6e BBa.maJia. Ho~i rrpoBO)J;HJia BOHa 6ea cHy, y MOJIHTBi :ff po3.n;yMyBaHH.HX Ha.n; Bo.mHMH pe~aMH, a KOJIH HIIIJia Ha crro~HHOK, ii Jii.mKoM 6yJia roJia 3eMJI.H, a IIO,li;YIIIKOIO KaMiHh a6o KyCOK .n;epeBa. JKHBHJiaC.H CaMHM XJii60M, CHpOlO ropO,li;MHOlO H BO,li;OlO. fli,n; o.n;e.meiO, Ha CaMOMY TiJii, HOCHJia IIOKYTHY copo~KY (BOJIOciHHHD;lO) i 6H~yBaJia ce6e a.m ,ll;O KPOBi 3a BJiacHi if JIIO,D;ChKi rpixH. xo~ Bar Ha,D;iJIHB CB. MaprapMTY BeJIHKHMH JiaCKaMH, O)J;HaK BORa IIpOXO,D;HJia Kpi3h BOrOHb pi3HHX BMIIpo6yBaHb. IJ;e i He.n;oBip' .H .n;e.HKHX JIIO.n;e:ff .n;o 11 rro6o.mHocTi, if rri.n;oapa, :r_n;o BoRa - 06Jiy,D;HHJJ;.H. 06ypeHH.H rrpOTH CB. Ka.HHHHIJ;i 6yJIO TaKe BeJIHKe, :r_n;d' HaBiTh OTD;i ll>paHD;iCKaHD;i 6yJIH HeB,li;OBOJieHi HeiO,

217

22 moTOro

3a6opoHHBIIIH o. ,ll;miOHTi rro6a"l!eHHH 3 MaprapHTOIO i, BpeiiiTi, Bi,n;rrpaBHJIH M:oro .n;o CieHH, 3Bi,n;KH BiH BepHyBcH .n;o KopTOHH am "l!epe3 ciM poKiB, rrepe.n; 'i'i cMepTIO. Bci rrpnKpo:w;i CB. MaprapHTa 3HOCHJia CIIOKiHHO, IIO,li;BOIOIO"l!H CBOl MOJIHTBH. Il ,n;yXOBHe mHTTH CTaBaJIO :w;opa3 BH:ru;HM. IIi.n; KiHe:o;b mHTTH XpncToc cKa3aB 'ill:: "IIoKamn Terrep, :w;o TH Bme HaBepHyJiacH; i.n;n :it 3aKJIHKaii: iHIIIHX .n;o KaHTTH ... JlacKH, HKHMH H o6.n;apyBaB Te6e, He E: TiJihKH ,n;JIH Te6e". IIocJiyiiiHa rroKJIHKOBi, cB. MaprapHTa rro"llaJia rro6opiOBaTH rpix i HaBepTaTH rpiiiiHHKiB 3 BeJIHKOIO peBHiCTIO H "lly,D;eCHHM ycrriXOM. 3JIO"l!HHI.J;i KaHJIHCH, Boporn MHPHJIHCH. 0. ,ll;mroHTi 3acBi,n;"llyE: B mHTTE:IIHci cB. MaprapHTH, :w;o cJiaBa rrpo Ti Ha,n;3BH"l!aHHi HaBepHeHHH TaK IIIBH,li;KO p03HOCHJiaCH ITO BCiX ycro,n;ax, rn;o 3aiieKJii rpiiiiHHKH rrocrriiiiaJIH .n;o KopTOHH, :w;o6 rrocJiyxaTH 'i'i HarroyMJieHh. A KaHHHHKH IIpH6yBaJIH He TiJibKH 3 lTaJii'i, a HaBiTb 3 £PpaH:o;i'i H IcrraHi'i. IIi.n; 'i'i 3acTyrrHHI.J;TBOM BH,n;ymyBaJIH xBopi, a KOpToH:u;i 3a6yJIH Bci cBo'i rrorrepe,n;Hi rri,n;o3pH M: yrrepe.n;meHHH Ta 3 yciMa cBo'iMH myp6aMH i rrpnKpo:w;aMH HIIIJIH .n;o cB. KaHHHHI.J;i 3a rropa,n;oro H ,li;OIIOMOrOIO. THM "l!acoM mHTTE:Bi CHJIH MaprapHTH :w;opa3 6iJibiiie rroKn,n;aJIH 11. Ko.JI.¥! Bor o6 'HBHB cBo1M: cJiy3i ,n;eHb i ro,n;HHY cMepTi, BOHa rrpHHHHJia ocTaHHi cB. Tail:HH 3 pyK o. ,ll;mroHTi i 1292 poKy CIIOKiHHO CIIO"lJHJia B Bo3i, HKOro BOHa KOJIHCb THmKO 3HeBamHJia, Ta 3ro,n;oM yciM cep:u;eM rroJiro6nJia. IIpomnJia 50 poKiB, 3 HKHX 29 - y eyBopiH IIOKyTi. Y ,n;eHh eMepTi MaprapHTH Jiro,n; 3 KopTOHH Bi,n;pa3y rrporoJioeHB ll CBHTOIO i errpaBHB BeJIH"l!HHH IIOXOpOH. lll;e TOrO CaMOrO poKy rro"l!aJIH KOPTOHI.J;i 6y,n;yBaTH :u;epKBY Ha 11 "'IeeTh. Xo"ll ocpi:o;iHHO eB. MaprapHTa He 6yJia KaHOHi30BaHa am ,li;O 1728 poKy, Ta 3a ,n;o3BOJIOM IIarrn, KOpTOHChKa E:rrapxiH M: l..JHH OT:o;iB £PpaH:o;ieKaHI.J;iB Bi,D;3Ha"l!aJIH 11 IIaM' HTb BIIpO,D;OBm ,li;BOX CTOpi"ll paHiiiie. B HOBiil: :u;epKBi eB. MaprapHTH crro"l!HBaiOTb Terrep rri.n; BeJIHKHM BiBTapeM fi eB. MO:ru;i, a TaKOm € TaM CTaTyH Tiel "Mar,n;aJIHHH CepacpnMebKoro l..JnHy", HKiM: caM !eye XpncToc eKa3aB B TaE:MHiH p03MOBi 3 HeiO: "TH € TpeTiM CBiTJIOM, ,n;aHHM l..JHHOBi Moro yJiro6JieHoro ct>paH:u;icKa. BiH 6yB rrepiiiHM Mim 6paTaMn; KJiapa .n;pyroro Mim "llepHHI.J;HMH; TH 6y,n;eiii TpeThOIO B l..JnHi IIOKYTH".

218

23 IliOToro

CBHTHH IIOJIIKAPII CB. IloJiiKapn 6yB o,n;HHM 3 rrepiiiHX rrpaBoBipHHX errucKorriB, Bi,n;oMHX B icTopii: XpucTOB01 QepKBH JIK AnoCTOJibCbKi 0Tu,i. BoHR 6yJIH 6e3rrocepe,n;HiMH ytiHJIMH CaMHX aJIOCTOJiiB i o,n;epm.aJIH HaH'lliCTiiiiOIO HayKY lcyca XpucTa. 3aMOJIO,D;y CTaBIIIH XpHCTHJIHHHOM, CB. !IoJiiKaprr 6yB ytiHeM cB. arrocToJia lloaHa BorocJioBa, JIKHH BHCBJITHB HOrO Ha errucKorra MicTa CMHPHH B Ma.11i:H: A3il, Ma6yTb, rrepe,n; CBOlM 3aCJiaHHJIM Ha OCTpiB IlaTMoc, 6JIH3bKO 96 poKy. BiH Mir 6yTH THM aHreJIOM-eiiHCKOIIOM, JIKoro caM XpncToc 3BeJIH'lHB B "0,n;KpOBeHHi" CB. lloaHa JIK Mym.a 6e3,n;oraHHoro.

CB. IloJiiKaprra Hapo,n; Ha,n;3BH'la:H:Ho JII06HB i ~HpO IIIaHyBaB. BiH BHXOBaB ,n;JIJI IJ;epKBH 6araTo cJiyr, Mi:>K HHMH - CB. lpHHeJI i IIarriJica.

KoJIH <I>JiopHH, JIKHH 'lacTo Bi,n;Bi,n;yBaB CB. lpHHeJI, rro'laB BHJIBJIJITH epeTHII,bKi rrorJIJI,D;II, CBJITIIH HarriicaB ifoMy: "TaKHX pe'lell He B'lliJIII Te6e eiiHCKOIIII, JIKi 6yJIII rrepe,n; HaMil . .fl MO:>KY IIOKa3aTH T06i Te Micu,e, ,n;e 6Jia:>KeHHIIH IloJiiKaprr CII,D;iB, KOJIH rrporroBi,D;YBa:B Bom.e cJioBo . .H ,n;oci ~e rraM'JITaro, 3 JIKOIO rroBaroiD BiH YCIO,D;li BXO,D;HB i BliXO,D;HB; JIKa CBJITiCTb IIp06IIBaJiaCb y BCbOMy; JIKa BeJIII'l 6yJia Ha iforo 06JIII'l'li if yci:H: HOrO IIOCTaTi; JIKHMH Ha,n;xHeHHHMH 6yJIII iforo rroB'laHHJI ,n;JIJI JIIO,n;eif. MeHi 3,ll;aeTbCJI, ~0 JI Terrep 'lyiO, JIK BiH p03MOBJIJIB 3i CB. floaHOM i 6araTbMa iHIIIHMH, JIKi 6a'liiJIII lcyca XpiicTa; 'lYID Ti cJioBa, JIKi BiH 'lYB 3 IxHix yeT . .H Mom.y 3aJIBIITH rrepe,n; BoroM, ~o JIK6H TOH CBJITIIH eJIHCKOII IIO'lYB JIKYCb l!>aJibiiiiiBY HayKy, TaKy, .HK TBOJI, BiH Bi,n;pa3y 6 3aKpliB C06i ByXa i rOJIOCHO CKpHKHyB: ",[(o6pHH Bome! "lfoMy .H ,D;O:iKIIB ,D;O TIIX 'laciB, ~06 IIO'lYTII TaKi pe'li!" BiH 6II BTiK 3 Taro Micu,.H, ,n;e 6 rro'lyB TaKy HayKy".

CB. E:poHiM ara,n;ye, ~o KOJIH cB. IloJiiKaprr aycTpiB y PIIMi

219

23 JliOToro

Ha ByJm::u;i epeTHKa MapKhma, TO He 3BepHyB Ha Hboro Hi.HKo1 yBarH. To.n;i TOH 3aiiHTaB: "l.JH TH, IIoJiiKaprre, ·He 3Haem MeHe?".

CB.HTHH Bi.n;rroBiB: "TaK, 3HaiO, TH - rrepBopo.n;HHH CHH caTaHH" .

BiH HaBtiHBC.H Ti£1 Bi.n;pa3H .n;o TBop:u;iB epeci, .HKi CBi.n;oMo :l1: .n;o6poBiJihHO rrepeKpyqyiOTb Bomi rrpaB.n;H, Bi.n; cBoro BtiHTeJI.H CB. lloaHa, ~0 BTiK 3 KyiieJii, KOJIH II06atiHB TaM epeTHKa KepHHTa. 3 IIOIIIaHOIO CB. IlOJiiKaprr II;iJiyBaB KaH.n;aHH CB. lrHaTi.H, KOJIH TOH imoB qepe3 CMHPHY Ha MytieHHII;bKY CMepTb i rrpocHB cB. IIoJiiKaprra orriKyBaTHC.H :l1:oro .n;aJieKoro I..J;epKBOIO B AHTioxil, a TaKom HarrHcaTH .n;o :u;epKOB B A3il rrocJiaHH.H, 6o BiH caM He Mir II;horo 3po6HTH. IIicJI.H Toro cB. IloJiiKaprr HanHcaB, .n;oci 36epemeHe, IIOCJiaHH.H ,ZJ;O <l:>HJIHII' .HH, .HKe Ha,ZJ;3BHtiaHHO II;iHyBaJIH CB. lpHHe:l1:, CB. €poHiM, €BceBi:l1: i HaBiTh <l>oTiH. BoHo BH3HatiaeTbC.H .HK rJIH60KHMH BKa3iBKaMH, TaK i rapHHM CTHJieM. IlpH6JIH3HO 154 poKy CB. IloJiiKaprr Bi.n;6yB ,ZJ;O PHMa, ~06 3 IIarroro AHeii;HTOM rropo3yMiTHCb y crrpaBi .n;e.HKHX rrpHrrHciB :u;epKOBHo1 KapHocTi, i roJIOBHO rrpo qac CB.HTKYBaHH.H BeJIHKO,ZJ;H.H, 6o B A3il Bi,ZJ;3HatiaJIH :l1:oro pa3oM 3 iy.n;e.HMH, HaBiTh y 6y.n;HHH .n;eHb, a B PHMi - y He.n;iJIIO, Ha THm.n;eHb rri3Hime. CrrpaBy BHpiiiiHJIH TaKHM l!HHOM, ~0 KOJKHHH MOJKe CB.HTKyBaTH BeJIHK.n;eH;, 3ri.n;Ho 3 .n;oTerrepimHiM 3BHtiaeM. IlicJI.H Toro, Ha 3HaK 3ro.n;H :l1: rromaHH, 3arrpocHB IIarra cB. IloJiiKaprra paaoM 3 HHM Bi.n;rrpaBHTH CJiym6y Bomy.

3a iMrrepaTopa MapKa ABpeJii.H B A3ii, .n;e rrpoKoHcyJioM 6yB KBa.n;paT, KpHBaBO rrepecJii.n;yBaJIH xpHCTH.HH, .HKi cBoero BipHicTIO XpHCTOBi :l1: Bi.n;Baroro .n;HByBaJIH rroraH. KoJIH i:xHi TiJia IIIMaTyBaJIH KaTH, KOJIH Kpi3b paHH B TiJii BH,ZJ;HO 6yJIO KHIIIKH, a rrpHCYTHi JIHJIH CJib03H 3i CIIiBtiYTT.H, JKO,ZJ;eH 3 HHX HaBiTb He 30HKHyB; 6o KOJIH HIIIJIOC.H rrpo Bomy crrpaBy, TiJio He MaJio Hi.HKoro 3HatieHH.H. MyqHTeJii rreperrpo6yBaJIH Bci crroco6H MYK i JKOpCTOKOCTi, ~06 TiJibKH 3MYCHTH IX rrpHHeCTH mepTBY rroraHCbKHM 6omKaM; Ta Hitioro B HHX He BHHIIIJIO. MoJIO,ZJ;HH repMaHHK, .HKOrO 3 iHIIIHMH O,ZJ;HHa,ZJ;II;.HTbMa XpHCTH.HHaMH IlpHBeJIH .n;o CMHPHH Ha MYKH, cBoero Bi.n;Baroro .n;o.n;aBaB .n;yxy CBOIM CTpHBOJKeHHM rro6paTHMaM. IlpOKOHCYJI rrpo6yBaB BMOBHTH CB. IOHaKa IIOJKaJiiTH CBOIO MOJIO,ZJ;iCTb H He TpaTHTH MapHO JKHTT.H, .HKe MorJio rrpHHeCTH HOMy ~e cTiJihKH pa.n;o~iB, Ta repMaHHK 3i CB.HTOIO HeTeprreJIHBiCTIO CaM .n;paJKHHB ,ZJ;HKHX 3BipiB, ~06 .HKHaHCKOpime IIOKHHYTH :u;eH rpiiiiHHH CBiT. CB. IloJiiKaprr He HapamaB ce6e .n;a:peMHO Ha cMepTb, aJie, aa rrpHKJia.n;oM XpHcTa, tieKaB, .n;oKH roHHTeJii caMi HaKJia.n;yTb Ha Hboro CBOl PYKH. KoJIH CB. repMaHHK CBOlM repOHCTBOM po36y,L{HB

23 ntaToro

y noraH Kpoaoma,n;HicTh, BOHR 3aKpR11rum: "reTh 6e36omHRKiB! 3Haii,n;iTh IIoJiiKapna!" Xoq CBRTRH He 6oRBCR MyK, npoTe, 3a nopa,n;mo npRRTeJiiB, 3axoaaBCR a cyci,n;HhOMY ceJii ni,n; qac Tie'i KpRBaaoi: opr'ii: H aecb qac MOJIRBCR. 3a TPR ,n;Hi ,n;o caoi:x MyK BiH 6a'IRB y BR,D;iHHi CBOIO ITO)J;YIIIKY B OrHi, 3 110r0 3,D;Orap;aBCSI, i u;e nepenoBiB caoi:M 6JIRmHiM, ~o M:oro cnaJIRTh mRBD;eM. He3a6apoM M:oro 3HaHIIIJIR. O,n;RH IOHaK, RKOMY norpomyaaJIH MyKaMH, RK~o He cKame, ,n;e nepe6yaae enRcKon, 3pa,n;HB. BHoqi noMeiiiKaHHR ca. IIoJiiKapna o6cTyiTRJIR KiHHOTHRKR. CBRTRH cno'IRBaB To,n;i Ha ropR~i. HoMy pa,n;RJIR TiKaTR, Ta aiH ui,n;MOBRBCR, KamyqR: "Hexaii: ,n;ieThCR Boma BOJIR!" 3iii:IIIOBIIIR BHR3, ,n;aB BOSIKaM ITOBeqepSITR, a ITOTiM ITOITpOCRB )1;03BOJIY noMOJIHTHCR nepe,n; ai,n;xo,n;oM. O,n;epmaBIIIH Ha Te ,n;oaaiJI, noqaa MOJIRTHCR CTOR'IR. MoJIRTBa TpHaaJia ,n;ai ro,n;RHR. Horo rrocTaaa M: cep,n;e11Hi 6JiaraHHR 3a aipHRX i aciD II;epKay aaopyiiiHJIR HaBiTh BORKiB, ~o rrpRHIIIJIR no Hhoro. KoJIR CBRTRH cKiH'IRB CBOIO MOJIRTBY, BOHR IIOCa,D;RJIR if oro Ha BiCJilOKa H ITOBe3JIR )1;0 MiCTa. ,IJ;oporoiO 3YCTpiB M:oro iMnepaTopchKRH ypR,n;HRK Ipo,n;, RKRH nocJiaB no Cu. IIoJiiKapna BORKiB, ai caoi:M 6aTI>KOM. BaRBIIIH CBRToro B KapeTy, rrpo6yaaJIR HaMOBRTR M:oro "cxaMeHyTRCR".

BoHR roaopRJIR IIoJiiKaprry: _ - III;o T06i BapTye Ha3BaTH IJ;eaapSI fOCIIO)J;OMa6o IlpRHeCTR 6oraM Ka)J;RJIO, ~06 BpRTyBaTRCh Bi,D; CMepTi? CBRTRH, 3a rrpRKJia,n;oM XpRcTa, crroqaTKY Moaqaa, Ta KOJIR BOHR CRJihHO HaiiOJISlraJIH, Bi,D;ITOBiB: - .fl ITOCTaHOBRB He po6RTR TOrO, ~0 BR pa,D;RTe MeHi. IIo11yBIIIR u;e, BOHH CKRHYJIR MacKy npRRTeJiiB i noqaJIR rJiyMRTRCh 3 HhOrO, a BKiHD;i BJIKHHYJIR HOrO 3 KapeTR TaR Hecno,n;iaaHo, ~o CBRTRH ynau Ha aeMJilO i aJiaMaB co6i Hory.

IIpoTe, HeaaamaiO'IR Ha 6iJih, ca. IIoJiiKapn 6a,n;hopo niiiiaB Ha Micu;e, ,n;e ame 6ya 3i6paHRH Hapo,n;. llpR BXO,n;i CKa3aB HOMY roJioc 3 He6a, RKRH qyJIR TaKom iHIIIi JIJO,n;H: "By,n;h CRJihHRH, IIoJiiKapne, 6y,n;h crrpaamHiM MymeM".

KaJIH CBRToro npRBeJIR ,n;o npoKoHcyJia Kaa,n;paTa, TOH BMOBJISIB HOrO 3BamRTR Ha CBiH BiK, BR3HaTR IJ;eaapSI reHieM H cKaaaTR ,n;o xpRCTRRH: "feTh, 6ea6omHRKR!" To,n;i ca. IIoJiiKapn o6epHyacR ,n;o 6ea6omHRX mo,n;e:H, RKi qeKaJIR M:oro cMepTi, i CKa3aB: "feTh, 6ea6amHRKR!", aJie B XpRCTRSIHChKOMY pa3yMiHHi. llpOKOHCYJI ITOBTOpRB CBOe )J;OMaraHHSI: - BR3HaH II;e3apR reHieM, i R 3BiJihHIO Te6e. JIRxocJIOB Ha XpHcTa. Ca. IIoJii:Kapn ai,n;noaia: - BiciM,n;ecRT JiiT R cJiymRB XpRcTy, M: BiH He apo6RB MeHi

221

23 JliOTOfO

Hiqoro noraHoro; HK me H Momy JIHXOCJIOBJ4TH cBoro IJ;ap.ff if CnacHTeJIH? .H - xpHCTH.ffHHH; a HKm;o 6amaern ni3HaTH HayKy XpHCTH.ffHCTBa, npH3Ha'i qac i ITOCJiyxaif MeHe. IIpoKoHcyJI cKa3aB: - IIepeKoHaif Hapo~.

Ta CBHTHH Bi~noBiB: - .fl 3BepTalOCb ~0 Te6e; 60 HaC B'!HJIH Bi~~aBaTH HaJiemHy nornaHy BJI~i. A Hapo~ He e ynoBHOBameHHM TpH6yHaJioM ~JISI MeHe, m;o6 H nepe~ HHM ce6e BHnpaB~OByBaB. IloBHHH HeHaBHCTi HaToBn He Mir npo6a'IHTH II;horo. To~i npOKOHCYJI 3p06HB cyBOpHH BHI'JI.ff~ ll CKa3aB: - ,lJ;HKi 3Bipi 6y~yTb 3apa3 TyT. A CBHTHH HOMY y Bi~nosi~h: - HaKamH npHrHaTH i:x cro~H, 6o MH He po6HMO 3MiHH Bi~ ~06poro ~0 3JIOI'O. ,1J;03BOJieHO nepeXO~HTH TiJibKH Bi~ 3Jla ~0 ~o6pa.

HaTe npoKoHcyJI: - .flKIIl;O TH He 60liiiC.ff 3BipiB, .ff 3BeJilO CllaJIHTH Te6e Ha BOrHi. Cs. IloJiiKapn Bi~nosis: - TH norpomyern MeHi BorHeM, m;o ropHTh HKHHCb qac, a noTiM ramie; aJie TH He 3Haern npaB~H npo BomHif cy~ i BoroHh Bi'iHOl KapH, Ill;O npHrOTOBaHHH ~Jl.ff 6e360mHHKiB. lloro m 3BOJiiKaern? Po6H 3i MHOID, m;o xoqern.

KoJIH n:e rosopHB, 6yB noBHHH p~ocTi if neBHOCTi, ocsrsrHHH He6eCHOIO JiaCKOlO. IlpOKOHCYJI HaKa3aB, .ffK n;e 6yJIO 3aBe~eHO B pHMJI.ffH, KOJIH HIIIJIOC.ff npo Kapy cMepTi, TPH'ii nporoJIOCHTH 3 ni~BHIIl;eHH.ff: "IloJiiKapn npH3HaBC.ff, Ill;O BiH XpHCTHSIHHH".

IIicJisr Taro nporoJiorneHH.ff HaToBn iy~ei:B i noraH ni~HSIJIH BeJIHKHH KpHK, a rOJIOBHO OCTaHHi BHryKyBaJIH: "BiH- BeJIHKHH yqHTeJib A3ii:, 6aTbKO xpHCTHHH, pyi1:HiBHHK HaiiiHX 6oriB, HaB'tlae JllO~eH He npHHOCHTH mepTBH, He IIIaHyBaTH 6oris!"

HaTosn ~oMaraBc.ff, m;o6 BHnycTHTH Ha cB. IloJiiKapna JieBa; KOJIH m lXH€ 6amaHH.ff He MOrJIO 6yTH BHKOHaHe, BCi, Ha'!e O~HH, 3aKpH'iaJIH, m;o6 CBHToro cnaJIHJIH mHBII;eM. O~epmaBIIIH 3ro~y npoKoHcyJia, no6irJIH no ~poBa. KoJIH BOI'HHm;e 6yJio Bme roToBe, ilOJiiKapn 3H.ffB 3 ce6e O~emy ll XOTiB m;e 3HSITH 'tlepeBHKH, Ta n;e CB. cTapn;eBi 6yJio TPY~Ho 3po6HTH; 3aMiCTh Hhoro n:e 3po6HJIH 3 JI1060B'l0 XpHCTH.ffHH, m;aCJIHBi, Ill;O TaKHM '!HHOM MOmyTh TOpKHYTHC.ff TiJia cBoro cB. enHcKona. KaTH xoTiJIH npHB'sr3aTH HOI'O ~0 CTOBITa, Ta BiH CKa3aB lM: ",1J;03:BOJibTe MeHi 3aJIHIIIHTHCb TaR, .ffK e. XTO ~ae MeHi JiaCKy BHTpHMaTH BOI'OHb, ~OITOMOme MeHi 6yTH HenopyiiiHHM Ha KOCTpi". To~i 3B'SI3aJIH HOMY TiJihKH

222

23 ntoToro

Ha3a,n; PYKH, a BiH rri,n;Hic ot.Ii ,n;o He6a :H: y TaKi:H: rrocTaBi MOJIHBCSI: "BceMoryTHiH rocrro,n;H BoJKe, 0Tt.Ie CBoro mo6oro :H: 6JiaJKeHHOro CHHa, Icyca XpHcTa, t.Iepe3 SIKora MH rri3HaJIH Te6e, Bora aHreJiiB i CHJI, BCSIKOrO TBOpHBa H paCH rrpaBe,n;HHX, SIKi JKHBYTh y TBOlH rrpHcyTHOCTi! .H 6JiarocJIOBJISIIO Te6e, ~o TH 36epir MeRe ,n;o :u;ie'i " ro,n;HHH, ~06 Sl Mir o,n;epJKaTH t.IaCTKY MiJK TBOlMH l.J:HCJieHHHMH MYl.J:eHHKaMH :H: HarrHTHCh 3 t.Iami TBoro XpHcTa ,n;JISI BOCKpeciHHSI Bit.IHOrO JKHTTSI ,n;yrui H TiJia y HeTJiiHHOCTi CB. ,IJ;yxa. IlpHHMH MeRe ,n;o HHX IJ;horo ,ll;HSI SIK MHJIY JKepTBY, SIKY TH caM rrpHroTyBaB, ~o6 TaKHM t.IHHOM TH Mir, rrpaB,n;HBHH i BipHHH BoJKe, crroBHHTH Te, ~o TH crrot.IaTKY o6'SIBHB. ToMy SI 3a Bee cJiaBJIIO Te6e, 6JiarocJIOBJISIIO :H: rrpocJiaBJISIIO t.Iepe3 Bit.IHoro IIepBOCBSI~eHHKa, Icyca XpHcTa, TBoro JII06oro CHHa. 3 HHM i CBSITHM ,1l;yxoM Hexa:H: 6y,n;e To6i cJiaBa Terrep i HaBiKH. AMiHh".

Jle,n;Be CB. IloJiiKaprr BHMOBHB "aMiHh", SIK rri,n; ,lJ;pOBa rri,n;KJiaJIH BoroHh. Ta cTaJIOCSI t.Iy,n;o. IloJiyM' SI, Hat.Ie BiTpHJia KOpa6JISI, HaiiHyTi BiTpOM, OTOl.J:HJIH TiJIO CB. MYl.J:eHHKa, SIKHH CTOSIB IIOCepe,n;HHi He SIK CIIet.IeHe M'SICO, a Ol.J:H~eHe y BOrHi 30JIOTO, CSIIOl.J:HH Kpi3h IIOJiyM'SI, a 3 HhOrO BHXO,ll;HB TaKHH MHJIHH aarrax, Hi6H Bi,n; Ka,n;HJia :H: ,n;opororo KopiHHSI. IIoraHH 6yJIH y po3rrat.Ii, SIK rro6at.IHJIH, ~o TiJio cB. IloJiiKaprra He MOJKe 3ropiTH, TOMY HaKa3aJIH BOSIKOBi rrpOKOJIOTH :H:oro, ~0 BiH-i ..._ 3p06HB; Bi,n; TOrO CTiJihKH BHIIJIHJIO KpOBi, ~0 Bi,n;pa3y BOrOHh IIOrac.

AJie aJio6a ,n;yxa ThMH Ha TOMY He 3aKiHt.IHJiacSI: BiH xoTiB ~e rrepemKo,n;HTH xpHCTHSIHaM aa6paTH MO~i CBSIToro. MHKHTa, 6aThKO BH~eara,n;aHoro Ipo,n;a, rropa,n;HB rrpoKoHcyJioBi He ,n;aBaTH TiJIO XpHCTHSIHaM, 60 BOHH rOTOBi BlliaHOByBaTH HOrO. jKHTTE:IIHCIJ;i CB. IloJiiKaprra IIHCaJIH: "Jy,n;e'i rri,n;,n;aJIH TaKy .D:YMKy, 60 He 3HaJIH, ~0 MH HiKOJIH He MOJKeMO Hi Bi,n;peKTHCSI XpHCTa, Hi Bi,n;,n;aBaTH BoJKo'i t.IecTi KOMYCh iHlliOMY, xot.I MH maHyeM:o MYl.J:eHHKiB SIK HOrO Yl.J:HiB Ta HaCJii,n;yBat.IiB 3a TY BeJIHKY JII060B 'ixHIO, SIKY BOHH MaiOTh ,n;o cBoro IJ;apSI if: Yt.IHTeJISI". KoJIH coTHHK II06at.IHB, ~0 iy,n;e'i IIOl.IHHaiOTh CBapKy, 3BeJiiB IIOKJiaCTH TiJIO CBSITOro Ha BOrOHh i CIIaJIHTH Ha IIOIIiJI. "A MH, - KaJKyTh CaMOBH,ll;IJ;i, - 3a6paJIH KOCTi, IJ;iHHillii Bi,n; Haif:,n;opOJKl.J:HX rrepeJI a6o 30JIOTa, i IIOKJiaJIH lX 3 IIOlliaHOIO B TaKOMY Mic:u;i, ,n;e, ,n;aCTh Bar, MH 36epeMOCh 3 pa,n;iCTIO, w;o6 CBSITKyBaTH Hapo,n;JKeHHSI MYl.J:eHRKa". TaK rrHCaJIH Yl.J:Hi CB. IloJiiKaprra if: ot.IeBH,n;:u;i :H:oro MYl.J:eHHI.I;TBa. 3arHHYB CBSITHH o 2 ro,n;HHi ,n;HSI, y BeJIRKO,n;HIO cy6oTy 156 poKy. rpi6 CBSI~eHOMyt.IeHHKa IloJiiKaprra ,ll;OBrO 36epiraJIH B CMHpHi y MaJii:H: KaiiJIRIJ;i .

•

223

24

nJOToro

JlHcT cB. IIoJiiKaprra ~o $HJIHII'sm, e~HHe, m;o 36eperJioc.H 3 roro, IIJ;O BiH HaiiH:CaB, € IIOCTiHHHM ~OKa30M aiiOCTOJihChKOrO 1\YXY Bomoro Myma; Jiari~HocTi, rrmwpn, mo6oBi if peBHOCTi, B3ip:u;eM .HKMX 6yJIO HOrO mMTT.H. 24

JllOTOrO

3HAH}l;EHHH rOJIOBH CB. HOAHA XPHCTHTEJIH KopoJih Ipo~ AHTMrra, CMH Ipo~a BeJIH:Koro, B6nB:u;i BM$Jie€MChKMX ~iTeif, HaKa3aB IIi~ "'laC 6eHKeTy Bi~py6aTM rOJIOBY cB. lloaHoBi XpncTMTemo if ~aTM ii Ipo~M.H~HHiii ~o"ll:u;i CaJioMil, a Ta 3aHecJia 11 cBo1:H MaTepi Ha TapiJI:u;i. KaJaJIH, ru;o rpiiiiHa [po~H.H~a crro"tJaTKY roJIKaMM rrpoKoJioJia .H3MKa cB. XpMCTMTeJI.H, R:KMM BiH cMiJIMBO KapTaB 11 Ja He"llecHe mnTT.H 3 Ipo~oM, a aoTiM cxoBaJia cB. roJioBy B rraJiaTi. Bi,n:HaiiniJia ii 3ro~oM XpMcToBa Y"lJeHMIJ;.H MoaHHa, miHKa Ipo,n:oBoro yp.H,n:HH:Ka Xycn, !IOKJiaJia 11 B ,n:36aHOK i 3aKOIIaJia Ha IIOJii. 'Y 3eMJii crro"liMBaJia cB. roJIOBa rroHa,n: 300 JiiT. Am To~i Bi,n:HaHUIJIM ll ,n:Ba MOHaXM, .HKi IlpHHIIIJIM B €pyCaJIMM Bi,n:Bi,n:aTM ~B.HTi MiCIJ;.H"Y 3a BomMM o6' .HBJieHH.HM BOHM rriiiiJIH Ha BKa3aHe M:ic:u;e B rroJii i Bi,n:KorraJIM ,n:J6aHoK Ji cB. roJIOBOIO. ByJio :u;e rrepiiie 3Haii,n:eHH.H roJIOBM CB. MoaHa XpMCTHTeJI.H. KOJIM BOHM 3 TMM IJ;iHHMM CKap6oM BepTaJIMC.H ,n:o,n:OMY, TO JycTpiJIH o,n:Horo B6ororo roH"llap.H 3 EMecM i ~aJIM iioMy HeCTM ~B.HTY roJioBy, 3aBepHyTy y BepeTo. ToMy roH"llapeBi o6'.HBMBC.H ~B . Ilpe,n:Te"tJa, HaKa3aB TaeMHO Bi.D:JIY"lllfTHC.H Bi,n: TOBapHIIIiB 1o,n:opomi i JaHecTM cB. roJioBy ~o cBoro ~oMy. B~oMa rOH"llap I(MpO IIIaHyBaB CBiH CKap6, IIaJIMB rrepe,n: CB. rOJIOBOIO Ka~MJIO H ~BiTMB cBi"liKH am ,n:o cMepTi. Bor 6JiarocJIOBMB Ja :u;e no6omHoro 'OH"llap.H, rro6iJihlllllBIIIM iforo MaHHO. Ilepe,ZJ; CMepTIO rOH"llap, JOKJiaB cB. roJioBy B ,n:36aHoK, JaMKHYB y cKpMHhiJ;i if rrepe,n:aB ~BOIH CeCTpi 3 HaKa30M, ru;o6 MaJia IJ;IO ,n:opory naM' .HTKY 3aBm,ZJ;M { BeJIMKiH IIOIIIaHi H HiKOJIM He Bi,n:"tJHH.HJia Tiel CKpHHi, xi6a Ha IaKa3 caMoro cB. IIpe~Te"lli, a rrepe,n: cMepTIO rrepe~ana CB. roJIOBY 'IKOMYCh 6oro60.H3HOMY "lJOJIOBiKOBi. IJ;iHHHH CKap6 rrepexo,n:MB 3 pyK ,n:o pyK, am HapemTi ~iCTaBC.H l~HoMy epeTMIJ;hKOMY CB.HIIJ;eHMKOBi B EMeci. KoJIM TOR CB.Hru;eHMK fa HaKa3 Mic:u;eBo1 BJia,n:M 3MyiiieHMH 6yB HeraHHO IIOKMHYTM ~Mecy, 3aJIMIIIMB 3aiie"lJaTaHMH ~36aHOK !J rOJIOBOIO CB. Ilpe,ZJ;Te"lli 1 rre"llepi.

~24

24

JliOTOfO

3rO,ll;OM 3aHH.HJIH Ty IIetiepy KaTOJIHI.J;bKi MOHaXH, O,ll;HaK HiXTO He aHaB, .aKa .n;opora rraM' HTKa rrepexoByE:TbC.H TaM. Am rriaHirne, KOJIH 6iJI.a rretiepn rrocTaBHJIH MOHaCTHp, cB . MoaH HBHBCH iryMeHy MOHaCTHPH Mapi<eJioBi y cHi if cKaaaB: "Bor .n;apye BaM MeHe". OrricJI.a KaaaB lioMy liTH aa cBiTJIOM aipKH, rn;o aacBiTHJiac.a Ha,n; ,n;BepMH lioro KeJiii:, .aKa li aaBeJia Jioro .n;o rretiepH/

3HA:ti.D:EHH.H rOJIOBH CB. :tiOAHA XPHCTHTEJI.H

•

225

25 niOTOfO

JYIIHHHBIITHCb Ha,n; o,n;HHM CKJierriHH.HM. lryM&H MapKeJI ,n;o6pe Jan aM' .HTaB BKa3aHe Micu;e, orricJI.H cTaB Ha KOJiiHa i1: ,n;oBro MOJIHBC.H; IIO MOJIHTBi BepHyBC.H CIIOKiRHO ,li;O CBOel KeJii'i. 1\:0JIH aacTaB ,n;eHb, rriiiioB o. MapKeJI 3HOBY ,n;o ne~epH i1: cTaB pyxaTH B O,li;HOMY Micu;i CKJieiiiHH.H; 3rOpH IIOCHIIaBC.H TiiCOK, 3a .HKHM ao6a~HB o. MapKeJI MapMypoBy IIJIHTy. 3H.HBIIIH ii, rroMiTHB o;36aHoK 3 roJIOBOIO cB. XpHCTHTeJISI, m;o MaJia m;e BOJioccSI, CSI.HJia IICHHM CBiTJIOM i MaJia npHeMHHR 3anax. 0. MapKeJI 3aCBiTHB 11aMrry, HacHrraB y Ka,n;HJibHHD;IO Ka,n;HJia i Bi,n;,n;aB ~ecTh Bory 3 pa,n;icTIO i1: cTpaxoM. KoJIH BH,n;iHHSI iHIIIHX MOHaxiB rri,n;TBep,n;HJIH, [ll;O u;e 6yJia crrpaB,n;i roJioBa CB. MoaHa XpHCTHTeJI.H, TO no KiJihKOX ,n;HSIX ,ll;aJIH 3HaTH Micu;eBoMy errHcKorroBi YpaHieBi npo Li 3Hai1:,n;eHHSI. ,ll;H.H 24 JIIOToro rrpHHIIIOB enHcKon 3i CBSIIIJ;eHHKaMH i1: ,IJ;H.HKOHaMH ,n;o MOHacTHp.H i ypo~HCTO rrepeHecJIH TY o;opory rraM'.HTKY ,n;o KaTe,n;paJibHo'i u;epKBH. IJ;e 6yJio ,n;pyre 3Hai1:o;eHH.H rOJIOBH CB. IJpe,n;Te~i. 3rO,li;OM 36y,n;yBaJIH B ne~epi MOHaCrHpSI B EMeci u;epKBy, KYAH rrepeHeCJIH 26 moBTHSI cB. roJioBy, Bar yTBep,n;HB Bipy B H 3Hai1:,n;eHH.H pi3HHMH ~y,n;aMH. KoJIH EMecy 3axorrHJIH apa6H, roJioBy CB. Ilpe,n;Te~i rrepeHeCJIH o;o KoMaH y IloHTi, ,n;e 1i rri,n; ~ac iKoHo6opcTBa 3aKorraJIH B cpi6Hii1: rrocy,n;HHi y 3eMJIIO. 3ro,n;oM 3a6yJIH rrpo TY ,n;oporou;iHHY naM'SITKy; am 6Jdt:3hKO 850 poKy, 3a rrpaBJiiHH.H MHxaH:Jia i1: Teo,n;opH, ~B. lrHaTiR rricJI.H Bomoro o6'.HBJieHHSI ,n;oBi,n;aBc.H rrpo roJioBy i1: 1o1icu;e, ,n;e BOHa 6yJia 3aKorraHa. KoJIH Bi,li;KOIIaJIH cpi6Hy rrocy,n;HHY Ji cB. roJIOBOIO i1: rrpHHeCJIH 'i'i ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a, To,n;i naTpiapx, lMrrepaTop i BeJibMomi, Bee ,n;yxoBeHCTBO i1: MOHaxH BHRIIIJIH !ia3yCTpi~ 3i CBi~KaMH i Ka,li;HJIOM Ta CIIpOBa,li;HJIH CB. rOJIOBY B ICpaM iMrrepaTopcbKO'i rraJiaTH. TaM TpeMTSI~HMH pyKaMH laTpiapx i IIOKJiaB CB. rOJIOBy ,li;H.H 25 TpaBH.H. IJ;e 6yJIO TpeTe mai1:,n;eHH.H roJIOBH cB. MoaHa XpHCTHTeJISI. ~5 JllOTOro

CBHTHH TAPAC KoJIH IJ;apropo,n;cbKHR rraTpiapx IlaBJIO III, crroHyKaHHR IOrpo3aMH iMrrepaTopa JleBa IV, rri,n;rrHcaB epeTHD;hKe BipocrroJi,n;aHH.H rrpoTH BmaHoByBaHH.H cB. o6pa3iB, 3piKc.H rrpecToJiy i1: 184 poKy 3aKiH~HB CBOe »<HTT.H B MOHaCTHpi, Ha ROrO HaCTyiiHH<a, 3a rrepe,n;cMepTHOIO IIOpa,li;OIO IJaBJia, O,li;HOrOJIOCHO BH6paJIH mcap.H MOJIO,li;Oro iMnepaTopa KoHCTallTHHa i nora MaTepi lpHIH Tapaca.

25

JltOTOro

HoBHH rraTpiapx rroxo,n;HB 3i cTapo,n;aBHboi: po,n;HHH u;apropo,n;CbKHX rraTpHII;ii:B. 3aMOJIO,ll;y BiH o,n;epmaB rro6omHe BHXOBaHHSI, i, rrepe6yBaiO"tJH l1pll iMrrepaTOpCbKOMY ,ll;BOpi, cepe,n; "tJHCJieHHHX Haro,n; ,n;o rrycToi: cJiaBH H: TiJiecHHx p03KOIIliB BiB m.HTTSI CTpliMaHoro MOHaxa.

CB. Tapac 6yB rrpoTH cBoro BH6opy Ha rraTpiapxa, BBamaIO"tJH, ID;O rraTpiapXOM ITOBHHeH CTaTH CBSIITI;eHMK, a TaKOm TOMy, ID;O B u;apropO,ll;CbKOMY rraTpiapxaTi 6araTo JIHxa HaKoi:Jio iKOH060pCTBO, a rOJIOBHO TpM ITOITepe,n;Hi iMrrepaTOpM, SIKi BCiMa CMJiaMM 6opOJIMCSI rrpOTH BmaHoByBaHHSI cB. o6pa3iB. Ha -qac BM6opy CB. Tapaca rraTpiapxoM CTaHOBMID;e ITOJiiiTIIlMJIOCb, 60 u;apMII;SI lpMHa, SIKa yrrpaBJIHJia ,n;epmaBoiO 3a cBoro 10-JiiTHboro CHHa KoHcTaHTHHa VI, xo-q 6yJia mopcToKa, Ta B cepu;i 6yJia rrpaBOBipHOIO KaTOJIM"tJKOIO Ta CTapaJiaCSI ITOKJiaCTM Kpaii rrepecJii,n;yBaHHIO MOHaxiB i rrpaBOBipHMX B3araJii 3a BIIlaHOByBaHHSI CB. iKoH. KoJIH CB. Tapac rro6a"tJMB, m;o iioMy HeMomJIMBO Bi,n;MoBi,n; BH6opy Ha BMTMCH rraTpiapxa, BiH rrpMHHSIB H:oro 3a YMOBH, m;o HeraHHO 6y,n;e CB. TAPAC CKJIHKaHMH HOBMH BceJieHCbKMH Co6op ,ll;JISI ycyHeHHSI po3'e,n;HaHHSI Cxi,n;Hoi: [(epKBH, m;o H:oro crrpH"'IHHHJIO iKoHo6opcTBO. O,n;epmaBmM Bi,n; u;apHu;i TaKe 3arreBHeHHSI, CB. Tapac rrpHHHSIB rroBHY TaH:Hy CBHm;eHHII;TBa B ,n;eHb CBSITa XpHCTOBoro Pi3,n;Ba . .HK TiJibKM Bi,n;6yJIOCSI ypo'IMCTe rroca,n;meHHSI cB. Tapaca Ha rraTpiaplllOMY rrpeCTOJii, BiH Bi,n;pa3y HaiTMCaB JIHCTa ,11;0 IlarrH A,n;piHHa 3 rro1V,n;oMJieHHSIM rrpo cBoe o6paHHSI i 3arrJiaHoBaHHH Co6op. TaKom u;apHII;SI Bi,n; ce6e H: CHHa HarrHcaJia JIMCTa 3 rrpoxaHHSIM, m;o6 Ilarra oco6HCTO rrpM6yB ,n;o [(apropo,n;a Ha Co6op,

227

25 niOToro

npliHaHMHi llOCJUlB CBOlX npe,IJ;CTaBHHKiB. 1\piM TW'O, CB. naTpiapx Bi,IJ;icJiaB JIHCTH ,IJ;O naTpiapxiB B OJieKcaH,IJ;pil, AHTioxi'i M: €pycaJIHMi. IIaria npHcJiaB ,IJ;BOX Jier'aTiB. TaKom i naTpiapxaM, RKi He MOrJIH OC06RCTO npR6yTR qepe3 capai.J;RHCbKY OKynau;iJo, B)l;aJIOCb npRCJiaTR CBOlX 3aCTYIIHRKiB. Co6op MaB po3notiaTRCR B u;epKBi CB. ArrocToJiiB 786 poKy. A.n:e iKOH06opu;i ni,IJ;6ypRJIR BiMCbKO ,IJ;O 6yHTY, M BOHO npRrp03liJIO BCiM OTI.J;RM Co6opy cMepTIO. Ha 6amaHHR u;ap11u;i lpRHR Bi,IJ;KJia.JIH Co6op Ha HacTynHRH piK, RKHH Bi,IJ;6yBcsr I.J;RM pa3oM cnoKiMHO B MicTi HiKe! RK VII BceJieHChKRM. B aKTax Co6opy Ha nepiiioMy MiCI.J;i llO,IJ;aHi iMeHa IIaiiCbKRX rrpe,IJ;CTaBHRKiB, Ha ,IJ;pyroMy CB. Tapaca, Ha TpeTbOMY - 3acTyiiHRKiB cxi,IJ;HRX rraTpiapxiB. Co6op MaB ciM OKpeMRX 3aCi,IJ;aHb, B SIKHX 6paJIR yqaCTb 360 enRcKorriB, KpiM cBsrru;eHRKiB i BRJHaBu;iB. Co6op nocTaHOBHB, ru;o BIIIaHoByBaHHR cB. o6pa3iB e rro6omHRM i 3ri,IJ;HRM 3 XpRcToBOIO Bip010 3BRtiaeM: BOHO e BeJIRtiaHHSIM CB. oci6, 306pameHHX Ha o6pa3ax; O)l;HaK BIIIaHOByBaHHSI CB. o6pa3iB He e IIOKJIOHiHHRM, ru;o HaJiemRTh e,IJ;RHOMY Bory. IIicJisr Co6opy 6yJio BRCJiaHo Bi)l;llOBi,IJ;Hi JIRCTli )l;O BCiX u;epKOB 3 IIOBi)l;OMJieHHSIM IIpO IIOCTaHOBR Co6opy, a roJIOBHO ,IJ;O IIarrR A,IJ;pisrHa, RKHM no,IJ;TBep,IJ;HB IX ycix.

3ri,IJ;HO 3 rrocTaHoBaMR Co6opy, CB. Tapac ru;Rpo TPY,IJ;RBCR Ha,IJ; Bi)l;HOBOIO BIIIaHOByBaHHSI CB . o6pa3iB y u;apropO,IJ;CbKOMY naTpiapxaTi. BiH HeBTOMHO ycyBaB CBSITOKYIICTBO, T06TO Ha6yBaHHSI u;epKOBHRX noca,IJ; 3a rpoiiii, a nora mHTTR 6yJio B3ipu;eM 6e3KOpRCJIRBOCTi. Ha nora CTOJii n y rra.n:aTi He 6yJIO Hitioro 3 nHIIIHOTR nora norrepe,IJ;HRKiB. BamaiOtiR cJiymRTR iHIIIRM, BiH Jie,IJ;Be ,IJ;03BOJIRB cJiyraM 3po6RTR w;ocb ,IJ;JIR Hhoro caMoro. CnaB CB. naTpiapx MaJIO, a BCiM nora )l;03BiJIJISIM 6yJia CBRTa MOJIRTBa n tiHTaHHR KHRmoK. BiH He mo6RB BRCTaBHOCTi ,IJ;yxoBeHCTBa, TOMY 3a6opOHRB HOCRTR qepBOHRn IIIOBKOBHn O,IJ;Rr i 30JIOTO cBsrru;eHRKaM, 3aoxotiyBaB IX ,IJ;O BMepTBiHHR no"<IyTTiB, a 30KpeMa CyBopo BliCTyiiaB IIpOTR He6e3netiHliX )l;JISI MOpaJii TeaTpaJibHliX BRCTaB. KoJIR ,IJ;o cToJiy rro,IJ;aBaJIR noMy cTpaBR, BiH "'!acTo BJiacHopy"<IHO poa,IJ;aBaB i:x y6orRM, a w;o6 HiKoro He OMHHYTH, Bi,IJ;Bi,IJ;yBaB yci ,IJ;o6po"<IRHHi 3aKJia,IJ;R n JiiKapHi B ll,apropo,IJ;i. T11x, XTO npHXO)l;RB )l;O HhOrO 3 SIKOlOCb cnpaBOIO, nplinMaB JiaCKaBO, 3 mo6oB'ro, yBamHo npRcJiyxaBcsr ,IJ;O i:xHix rrpoxaHh, noTiiiiaB y CMYTKy, rroMaraB y Hym,IJ;i, o6opoHRB noKpRB,IJ;meHHX. He3BamaIOtiH Ha CBiH BliCOKRn CTaH i IIIJIRXeTHRH pi,IJ;, CB. Tapac mHB ,IJ;yme CKpOMHO i OXOtie llOCJiyroByBaB iHIIIRM . .HK rraTpiapx CB. Tapac nocTinHo HaB"<IaB CBOIX cBsrw;eHRKiB i BipHRX SIK mRBRM CJIOBOM, TaK i IIHCeMHRMR llOCJiaHHSIMH; a 3a

228

25

JliOToro

rrpaB,li;Y M: l!eCHOTY He 6os1Bc.H BH3Banr Ha ce6e rHiB HaBiTh Ha:tl:rroBHOBJIIi,li;HiiiiHX rrpoTHBHHKiB. Bn.HBHJIOC.H n;e KiJihKa JiiT rriaHiiiie, KOJIH CB. TapacoBi ,li;OBeJioc.H BHCTYIIHTH rrpoTH caMoro BOJIO,!J;Iip.H. IMrrepaTop KoHcTaHTHH O,ll;pymnBc.H aaMOJIO,li;Y a Mapie:ib, BHY"t!KOIO CB. <t>iJiapeTa BaraTOMHJIOCTHBoro. IlpomHBIIIH a HeiO ciM JiiT, BiH 31iXOTiB KOH"t!e p03JIY"t!HTHC.H; ,!1;0 IJ;hOrO CIIOHyKaJia M:oro rpiiiiHii mo6oB ,li;O ,li;BOp.HHKH Teo)J;OTH. II.:I;o6 BHrrpaB)J;aTH CBOe Hel!eCHe H rpiiiiHe JKHTT.H, iMrrepaTOp 3p06HB Hli MOJIO)J;eHbKY IJ;IiPHU:IO HliKJieii, IIJ;O BOHa XOTiJia OTpY:iTH :tl:oro. BicTKa rrpo n;e p03iMIIIJIIiC.H, O,li;HiiK HiXTO He 3BamyBaBC.H CKii31iTH rrpaBHTeJieBi rrPiiB,li;Y B Ol!i. CB. Tapac n;e apo6nB. KoJIH iMrrepaTop rrocJiaB ,li;O HbOro CBOro ,li;OBipeHOrO CTiipiiiHHY 3 IIOBi)J;OMJieHH.HM, IIJ;O Mapi.H po6nJia aaMax Ha M:oro JKHTT.H, TOMY BiH rrpocnTh rraTpiapxa cKacyBaTH M:oro rrepiiie rro,!J;pymm.H i rro6JiarocJIOBHTH ,!J;pyre, cB. Tapac Bi)J;rroBiB rrocJiaHn;eBi: "He aHaiO, .HK iMrrepaTop Mome ,li;OMaraTHC.H Bi,ll; CBOlX IIi,ll;,ll;liHHX l!eCHOrO JKHTT.H rriCJI.H TOrO, .HK BiH caM )J;ae 'iM rroraHHM rrpHKJia)J;. H rreBHHM, rn;o n;apnn;.H HelJHHHii i CKOpiiiie IIOMpy, Him ,ll;aM 6JiarOCJIOBeHH.H Ha HOBe rro,ll;pymm.H". IMrrepaTop Hli,ll;i.HBC.H, rn;o oco6ncTo a' .Hcye n;10 crrpaBy Kparn;e, 3MOJKe CXHJIHTH IJaTpiapxa Ha CBiM 6iK, TOMY rrpHKJIHKaB cB. Tapaca ,li;O ce6e Ha poaMoBy. KoJIH CB.HTMR rrpn:tl:IIIoB ai cTapeHhKHM IBaHoM, rrpe)J;cTaBHHKOM OJieKcaH,ll;pi:tl:chKoro M: epycaJIHMCbKoro rraTpiapxiB Ha VII Co6opi, iMrrepaTop crro,ll;iBaBc.H B3.HTH CB. Tapaca o6JiecHicTIO, TOMY cKaaaB: "H He Momy Hil!oro aaTa'iTn Bi,ll; Bac, 6o BBamaiO Bac CBOIM ,!J;pyrnM 6aThKOM. HixTo He 3MOJKe aarrepel!HTH, IIJ;O .H MaiO rrpaBO p03JIYlJHTHC.H 3 TaKOIO miHKOIO, rn;o po6nJia aaMax Ha Moe JKHTT.H. IJ;apnn;.H Mapi.H 31iCJiyrOBye Ha CMepTh a6o Ha ,li;OCMepTHY B'.H3HHIJ;IO". IloTiM IIOKa3aB rraTpiapxoBi IIOBHy OTpyTH IIOCY,li;HHY, .HKY Hi6H IlpHrOTyBaJia ,li;JI.H HbOrO n;apHIJ;.H. 3HaiOl!H, IIJ;O OCHOBOIO BCiel IJ;iel CIIpaBH e TiJihKH rpiiiiHa, HeBraMOBHa IIpHCTpaCTh ,!1;0 Teo,li;OTH, rraTpiapx )J;aB KoHcTaHTHHoBi piiiiYliY Bi,li;IIOBi)J;h: "He BHCTyrraM:, n;ap10, rrpoTH Bomoro aaKoHy M: TaeMHHM rri)J;cTyrroM rrpoTH rrpaB)J;H! To6i ro)J;HThC.H )J;i.HTH Bi,li;KPHTO, a l!HCTHM cyMJiiHH.HM, a He aa)J;yMyBaTH TaeMHO rropyiiiHTH Bomn:H: aaKoH. 3Hal0l!H, .HK i BCi iHIIIi, HeBHHHiCTb n;apnn;i, HliKJieiJOM raHh6HIII CBiH n;apCbKHH JKe3JI. fl He p03B'.Hmy TBOrO 3aKOHHOrO IIO,!J;pymm.H M: He ,ll;aM 6JiarocJioBeHH.H Ha 6eaaaKOHHe BiHliaHH.H ... HKrn;o TH rrepecTyrrniii l!epea Bomy aarroBi,ll;h, .H roBopiO To6i rrepe,ll; BoroM: xol! TH n;ap, R He )J;orryrn;y Te6e ,li;O cB. rrpnl!aCT.H XpncTOBHX Ta:tl:H". TaKpm rrpaBe)J;HHM IBaH aacTepiraB iMrrepaTopa Bi,ll;

229

25

JliOTOro

rpirrmoro KpoKy. O,n;HaK crraceHHi rroB~aHH.H BomHx cJiyr He TiJihKH He orraM' .HTaJIH rr;ap.H, a rrr;e ripme po3,n;pamHHJIH Roro: BiH 3HeBa.mJIHBO rrporHaB 'ix 3 rraJiaTH. Bi,n;pa3y rricJI.H Toro CHJIOK> Bi,n;Bi3 rr;apHII;IO Mapiro B MOHaCTHp, a caM rrpoTH BomHx i rr;epKOBHHX 3aKoHiB HaKa3aB ce6e o6Bi~aTH CB.HIII;eHHKOBi llOCH<pOBi, CKap6HHKOBi rr;apropO,lJ;CbKOl rr;epKBH, aJie TOR IIIJIK>6 Bee o,n;Ho 6yB He,n;iRCHHR. CB. Tapac cTapaBc.H BCiMa crroco6aMH po3ipBaTH rpiiiiHHR 3B'.H30K KoHcTaHTHHa, aJie Bci Roro 3YCHJIJI.H 6yJIH 6e3ycrrirnHi, 6o iMrrepaTop 6yB rJiyXHR Ha BCi IIOB~aHH.H i HaBiTb IIOrpo.myBaB, III;O .HK ROrO He 3aJIHIIIaTb y CIIOKOIO, TO 3HOBY Bi,li;HOBHTb iKOH06op~y epeCb. IlpHKJia,n;, .HKHR ,n;aB iMrrepaTop cBo'iM He~eCHHM mHTT.HM, MaB Ha,li;3BH~aRHO JIHXi HaCJii,li;KH: 6araTO iMrrepaTOpCbKHX HaMiCHHKiB, yp.H,li;HHKiB i BeJibMO.m rrporHaJIH CBOIX IIIJIK>6HHX miHOK i ~HHHJIH rrepeJII06.

IIpoTH TaKo'i rrpaKTHKH cB. Tapac 6e360H3HO BHCTyrraB y cBo'ix rrporroBi,n;Hx, 3a rrr;o .HBHi rpirnHHKH HeHaBH,n;iJIH rraTpiapxa R ocKapmyBaJIH Roro rrepe,n; iMrrepaTopoM, a TOR MCTHB CB. TapacoBi, Bi,n;rrpaBJI.HIO~H Ha 3acJiaHH.H Roro rrpH.HTeJiiB i cJiyr.

IlaTpiapx He ,n;aBaB 3aJI.HKaTH ce6e, Bci rrpH'Kpom;i 3HOCHB TeprreJIHBO, Ka)R'y~m: "BiJibiiie 60IOCb rHiBy IJ;ap.H rr;apiB, Him HeJiacKy 3eMHoro iMrrepaTopa". TaeMHi rnrrHryHH cTemHJIH 3a KO.mHHM KpOKOM IIaTpiapxa, R HiXTO He Mir 6e3 ,li;03BOJIY IIpHCTYIIHTH ,li;O Hboro.

Ta Hecno,n;iBaHo cTaJiac.H cTparnHa no,n;i.H. MaTH lpHHa, HenoMipHo oxo~a ,n;o BJia,n;H xo3apc~>Ka KH.H3iBHa, rri,n;6ypHJia rrpoTH CHHa CTapiiiHH y BiHCbKY if yp.H,li;HHKiB IIpH rr;apCbKOMY ,li;BOpi, i o,n;Horo ,n;HH BOHH yB'.H3HHJIH iMnepaTopa, BKHHYJIH B TIOPMY R TaM, Ha HaKa3 lpHHH, BHKOJIOJIH ROMY o~i • .HK rr;e BiH 3po6HB cno~aTKY CBOIM TpbOM ,n;H,n;I>KaM. CBoe KpHBaBe ,n;iJio 3MOBHHKH 3p06HJIH TaR .mopCTOKO, III;O HeB,li;OB3i iMnepaTOp 3aKiH~HB CBOe Herrr;acHe mHTT.H 797 poKy. IIicJI.H cMepTi CHHa lpHHa rr;aproBaJia n'.HTb JiiT. To,n;i naTpHrr;iM: HHKH<l:Jop nporoJIOCHB ce6e iMrrepaTopoM, a rr;apHII;IO lpHHY IIpOrHaB Ha OCTpiB Jlec6oc, ,n;e BOHa 3apo6JI.HJia co6i Ha npomHTOK np.H,n;iHH.HM. Ha TOMY 3acJiaHHi BOHa ~epe3 piK yMepJia B CMYTKY :i1: He,n;oJii. 3a npaBJiiHH.H HHKH<Popa cB. Tapac yme cnoKiRHO BiB cBoe mHTT.H nocTiRHoro BMepTBiHH.H R peBHoro ,n;yrnnacTHpCTBa. KoJIH Roro cniTKaJia He,n;yra, BiH, xo~ yme Jie,n;Be Mir TPHMaTHC.H Ha Horax, cTapaBc.H Bi,n;npaBJI.HTH CJiym.fiy Bomy. Ilepe,n; caMOIO cMepTIO, .HK rr;e 3acBi,n;~ye o~eBH,n;err;~> HiKeRCbKHR errHcKon IrnaTiR, CB. Tapac 6YB y ,n;yxoBHOMY ni,n;HeceHHi R To,n;i po3MOBJI.HB 3 pi3HHMH ,n;yXaMH TeMHOTH, III;O 3BHHyBa~yBI\)IH ROrO B pi3HHX npoBHHax. CB.HTHR Bi,n;noBi,n;aB Ha KomHe ocKapmeHH.H, a KOJIH

230

26

ntOTOrD

He Mir yme roBOpHTH, TO pyKoiO Bi~raH.HB HanacHHKiB. YBech l.laC Tiel ~HBHOl ~ymeBHOl 6opOTb6H naTpiapx 3~pHraBC.H TiJIOM, a Ha rrpHcyTHix; .HKi ~o6pe 3HaJIH CB.HTe mHTT.H Tapaca, HarraB BeJIHKHH rrepeJI.HK. A.rre 3ro~OM CB.HTHH 3acrrmw1Bc.H, :H:oro .JVID;e npOCBiTJiiJIO i BiH y BeJIHKOMY CIIOKOIO Bi~~aB Bory CBOIO CB.HTY ~ymy 806 poKy, Ha 22 pon;i nepe6yBaHH.H Ha rraTpiapmoMy rrpecToJii. TiJio cB. rraTpiapxa noxoBaJIH B MOHaCTHpi, .HKH:H: BiH caM 36y~yBaB Ha~ Boc<PopoM. fioro rpi6 npocJiaBHB Bar l.IHCJieHHHMH l.ly~aMH. 26

JUOTOrO

CBHTHit IIOP«<>HPiit KoJIH CB. Ilop<lJHpieBi 6yJIO 25 JiiT, BiH IIOKHHYB CBOIO mJI.HXeTCbKY :H: 6araTy po~HHY B MicTi TecaJioHin;i, 3aJIHIDHB cBi:H: pi~HH:H: Kpa:H: MaKe~oHiiO i rroMaH~pyBaB ~o €rHrrTy. TaM BiH BCTYIIHB ~Q CKHTCbKoro MOHacTHp.H Ta rro1.1aB DeeTH Bory nocB.Hl.leHe mHTTSL IIicJI.H rr'.HTH JiiT 6oroMiJihHoro mHTT.H BiH BH6paBC.H ~0 €pycaJIHMa, ID;06 Bi~Bi~aTH CB. MiCD;.H, OCB.Hl.leHi rrepe6yBaHH.HM BomecTBeHHoro CrracHTeJI.H. 3Ha:H:moBmH co6i IIel.lepy HM fiop~aHOM, IIOCeJIHBC.H B Hill i rrpeBiB TaM rr'.HTb JiiT HM3BHl.la:H:Ho cyBoporo mHTT.H. 3apa3JIHBa rromecTb 3MYCHJia :H:oro 3aJIHillHTH rre1.1epy Ta BepHyTHC.H ~0 €pyCaJIHMa. TaM BiH ID;O~H.H 06XO~HB CB. MiCD;.H ll IIpHCTynaB ~0 CB. IlpHl.laCTSI. IIi~ 1.1ac Tie'i 6oroMiJibHo'i MaH~piBKH orrHpaBc.H Ha rraJIHD;IO, 6o 6yB ~yme cJia6ocHJIH:H:. CaMe B Toil 1.1ac rrpH6yB ~o €pycaJIHMa rraJIOMHHK MapKo, .HKH:H: 3ro~oM orrHcaB mHTT.H CB.HToro. Ha Hboro crrpaBHJIO CHJibHe BpameHH.H, KOJIH 6al.IHB cB. IIop<lJHpi.H ni~ 1.1ac :H:oro Ha6omHoro Bi~Bi~yBaHH.H CB. Micn;b.

O~Horo pa3y MapKo cnpo6yBaB ~orroMorTH :H:oMy rr!~i:H:MaTHC.H CXO~aMH ~oropH, aJie CB. flop<lJHpi:H: He IIpHHH.HB Ti€l IIOCJiyrH, Kamyl.IH: "He ro~HTbC.H, ID;06 .H, IIpH6yBIDH CIO~H rrpOCHTH npo:rn;eHHSI rpixiB, rrpHiiMaB rrocJiyrH ~JI.H ce6e; Jiirrme Hexaii H MaiO .HKYCb TPY~HiCTb i HeBHro~y, :rn;o6 Bar, no6al.IHBIDH n;e, 3MHJIOCep~HBC.H HMi MHOIO".

CB. Ilopqmpi:H: MaB y TOH l.laC O~HH KJIOIIiT: BiH He IIOJiaro~HB crrpaBH 3i CBOIM Ma€TKOM, .HK nimoB 3 ~aMy. A TOMY rrpocHB MapKa rriTH ~o TecaJioHiKH, rrpo~aTH iioro MaiiHo i rrpHHeCTH iioMy rpomi ~o €pycaJIHMa. MapKo BH6paBc.H HeraiiHo B ~opory; BepHyBc.H 1.1epe3 TPH Mic.Hn;i i npHHic CB.HTOMY l.IOTHPH THC.Hl.li i II'SITCOT 3QJIOTHX. KoJIH cB. Ilopqm:piii no6al.IHB MapKa, ID;Hpo 3pa~in i cep~el.IHO

231

26

niOTOrO

o6H.HB iforo. Ta CB.HTHif 6yB TaKHM 3MiHeHHM, •IIJ;O MapKo Jie,n;Be BIIi3HaB iforo: BiH BHrJI.H,ll;aB CBi.mo if MOJIO,ll;O, a 3 BeJIHKOlOJii,ll;OCTi He 3aJIHIIIHJIOCh if cJii,n;y. IlooaLIHBIIIH 3,ll;HByBaHH.H MapKa, CB. Ilopqmpiif cKa3aB 3 ycMirnKmo: "He ,n;HByifc.H, MapKo, m;o 6aLIHIII MeHe B ,ll;OOpOMY 3,ll;OpOB'l, a TiJihKH IIO,ll;HBJI.Hif HeBHMOBHY ,ll;OOpOTY XpHcTa, .HKHif JierKo Mo.me o3,n;opoBHTH HaBiTh To,n;i, KOJIH JIIO,n;H BTpaTHJIH B.me Ha,n;iro". MapKO CIIHTaB, .HK u;e CTaJIOC.H, TO,n;i CB.HTHif Bi,n;rroBiB: "CopoK ,n;HiB TOMy, Bi,n;LiyBaiOLIH BeJIHKHif 6iJih, .H rrpooyBaB BHifTH Ha ropy foJiroqJTy. To,n;i .H 30MJiiB i rrepeoyBaB y 3axorrJieHHi, B .HKOMY MeHi 3,n;aJIOC.H, m;o .H 6aLiy Harnoro CrracHTeJI.H Ha xpecTi if p03Ka.HHoro po36iifHHKa 6iJI.H Hhoro. 5I rrpoMOBHB ,n;o XpHcTa: "focrro,n;H, 3ra,n;aif MeHe, KOJIH rrpHif,n;ern y CBO€ IJ;apCTBO", a BiH y Bi,n;IIOBi,ll;h CKa3aB p030iifHHKOBi ,n;orroMorTH MeHi. Toif rri,n;Hic MeHe 3 3eMJii if 3BeJiiB rri,n;iifTH ,n;o XpHcTa. 5I rri,n;6ir ,n;o Hhoro, a BiH 3iifrnoB 3 xpecTa if cKa3aB MeHi: "Bi3hMH u;e ,n;epeBo (xpecTa) co6i". 5I rrocJiyxaB H:oro, B3.HB xpecTa Ha cBo'i rrJieLii Ta rrycTHBC.H B ,n;opory. To,n;i .H rrpo6y,n;HBC.H, aJie B.me He Bi,n;LiyBaB Hi.HKoro 6oJiro; He 3aJIHIIIHJIOCh HaBiTh cJii,n;y 3 MOel ,n;aBHhOl He,n;yrH".

Ha MapKa u;i cJioBa cB. Ilopqmpi.H crrpaBHJIH TaKe rJIHOOKe Bpa.meHH.H~ IIJ;O BiH BHpiiiiHB 3aJIHIIIHTHCh Ha3aB.m,n;H 3i CB. IlopqmpieM, .HKHif 3,n;o6yB, .HK ,n;yMaB MapKo, rroBHY BJia,n;y Ha,n; CBOIMH rroLiyTT.HMH, 6a.maHH.HMH, 6yB ,n;y.me po3yMHHM if BH3HaLiaBc.H ,n;yxoM MOJIHTBH. Bci rporni, .HKi MapKo rrpHHic 3 MaKe,n;oHil, po3,n;aB CB. Ilopqmpiif B6orHM y IlaJieCTHHi if €rHrrTi, a CaM 3apOOJI.HB COOi Ha IIpO.mHTOK pOOJieHH.HM LiepeBHKiB if BHIIpaBJI.HHH.HM IIIKyp; MapKo 3apo6JI.HB Ha xJii6 rreperrHcyBaHH.HM KHHr. BiH XOTiB, IIJ;OO CB. IJopqmpiif KOpHCTaB 3 iforo 3apooiTKy, a.n:e CB.HTHif Bi,n;rroBi,n;aB cJioBaMH CB. IlaBJia: "XTo He rrpau;roe, Hexaif He lCTh".

TaKe mHTT.H rrpau;i if yMepTBiHH.H BiB CB. Ilopqmpiif ,n;o cBoro COpOKapiLILI.H, TO,n;i €pycaJIHMChKHif IIaTpiapx, .HKHif ,n;oope 3HaB LieCHOTY CB. IJopqmpi.H, Maif.me IIpOTH iforo BOJii BHCB.HTHB iforo 393 poKy Ha CB.HIIJ;eHHKa if Bi,n;,n;aB ifoMy B orriKy LiaCTHHY focrro,n;Hhoro xpecTa, m;o 36epiraJiac.H B 30JIOTOMY KHBOTi. CB. Ilopqmpiif i To,n;i He 3MiHHB cBoro crroco6y mHTT.H if ,n;aJii CIIO.)KHBaB TiJihKH 3iJIJI.H i XJiiO IIiCJI.H 3axo,n;y COHD;.H, 3a BHH.HTKOM He,n;iJii, KOJIH IIpHifMaB IIO.mHBY B IIOJiy,n;eHh, Ta ,n;o 3BHLiaifHOl cTpaBH ,n;o,n;aBaB TpoxH cHpy, OJIHBH if BHHa. TaR mHB CB.HTHif am ,n;o caMo'i cMepTi. "IJepe3 TpH pOKH (396 p.) IIOMep y fa3i, IIaJieCTHHChKOMy MicTi, errHcKorr. TaMTeiiiHi KaTOJIHKH rrpocHJIH IBaHa, MHTporroJIHTa Kecapil IlaJieCTHHChKo'i, BHCB.HTHTH 1M TaKoro errHcKorra,

232

26 ntOTOrO

.HKHH Mir 6H i CJIOBOM, i ,D;iJIOM IIpOTHCTO.HTH CHJii IIOraH, .HKHX 6yJio B MicTi 6iJihiiiiCTb. KoJIH MHTporroJIHT MOJIHTBOIO :H rrocToM roTyBaBC.H ,ll;O BH6opy HOBOrO E:IIHCKOIIa, Bor y BH,D;iHHi HaKa3aB HOMY IIOKJIHKaTH 3 €pycaJIHMa CTopoma rociiO,Zl;HbOro xpeC]a, CB.H~eHHKa Ilopqmpi.H. IlaTpiapx €pycaJIHMa, Ha rrpoxaHH.H MHTporroJIHTa IBaHa, BHKJIHKaB .n;o ce6e CB. Ilopqmpi.H i 3BeJiiB :HoMy HTH .n;o Kecapi'i IlanecTHHCbK01 - 3roJIOCHTHC.H B MHTporroJIHtii:H rranaTi. CB.HTHH CIIO'IaTKY CTpHBO:lKHBC.H, aJie IIIBH,ll;KO 3aCIIOK01BC.H, CKa3aBIIIH: "HexaE: .n;ieTbC.H Boma BOJI.H!". YBe'lepi Toro ,D;H.H BiH npHKJIHKaB MapKa E: cKa3aB: "BpaTe MapKo, xo.n;iMo i IIOKJIOHiMc.H CB. Micu;.HM i xpeCTOBi rociiO,Zl;HbOMY, 60 MH B:>Ke He CKOpO 3MO:>KeMO 3p06HTH u;e 3HOBy". MapKo crrHTaB CB.HToro, 'IOMY BiH TaK roBopHTb, a TOM Bi.n;rroBiB, ~o T01 HO'Ii o6' .HBHBC.H E:oMy XpHcToc i cKa3aB: "Bi.n;.n;aE: xpecTa, ~o E:oro TH 6epemeiii, 6o .H o.n;pymy Te6e 3 miHKOIO, ~orrpaB.n;a B6oroiO :H rrorop.n;meHoiO, aJie Ha,D;3BH'Ia:HHo rro6omHoiO E: 'leCHOIO. IIocTapa:Hc.H .n;o6pe rrpHKpacHTH 11, 6o xo'l .HKOIO IIOrOp,D;:>KeHOIO BOHa He BHrJI.H,D;aJia 6, Ta BOHa MO.H CeCTpa." TaK cKa3aB MeHi XpHcToc ocTaHHbo1 HO'Ii i .H 6oiOc.H, ~o MeHe 06T.H:>KaTb rpixaMH iHIIIHX, KOJIH .H CTapaiOCb CIIOKyTyBaTH cBo1, - Ta Hexa:H .n;ieTbC.H Boma BOJI.H". IloKJIOHHBIIIHCb xpecToBi rociiO,Zl;HbOMy, CB. IlopqmpiH 3aMKHYB rocrr~~HbOrO xpecTa B 30JIOTOMY KHBOTi E: 3aHic KJIIO'Ia .n;o rraTpiapxa, .HKHH rro6JiaroCJIOBHB E:oro Ha rrpo~aHH.H. IIicJI.H Toro CB.HTHH BHPYIIIHB y .n;opory 3 MapKOM i TpbOMa iHIIIHMH TOBapHIIIaMH. HacTyrrHoro ,D;H.H, B cy6oTy, BOHH rrpH6yJIH ~acJIHBO .n;o Kecapi'i. MHTporroJIHT rrpHHH.HB cB. Ilopqmpi.H 3 pa.n;icTIO. IlicJI.H Be'lepi BOHH .n;oBro po3MOBJI.HJIH, 3ro.n;oM rrimJIH Ha KopoTKHH crro'IHHOK, ~o6 cBoe'lacHo B3.HTH Y'laCTb B OrriBHi'IHi:H 6orocJiym6i. KoJIH HacTaJia He.n;iJI.H, rrpH6yJIH .n;o u;epKBH 3arrpoiiieHi XpHCTH.HHH 3 ra3H, i B 1xHiH IIpHCYTHOCTi MHTpOIIOJIHT BHCB.HTHB CB. Ilopqmpi.H Ha E:IIHCKOIIa ra3H. IloKipHHH Bo:mHH CJiyra rrpHHH.HB TY BHCOKY 'leCTb 3 6o.H3HIO, ~Hpo rrepeKoHaHHH, ~o BiH He ri,D;HHH TaKoro BHCOKOrO 'IHHY, Ta B YCbOMy IIOKJiaBC.H Ha Bomy BOJIIO E: rroMi'l. IIpo6yBIIIH o.n;HH .n;eHb y Kecapi'i, CB. IlopqmpiH BHpyiiiHB 3i CB01MH BipHHMH ,ll;O ra3H. IlpH6yJIH BOHH TY,D;H B cepe.n;y BHO'Ii, Ha,D;3BH'IaHHO BTOMJieHi, 60 IIOraHH · rrorrcyBaJIH .n;oporH E: rroHaKH.n;yBaJIH Ty.n;H TepH.H Ta .n;epeB'.HHHX KOJIO,D;, TaK ~0 MaH.n;piBHHKH Jie,D;Be ,D;06paJIHC.H ,ll;O MiCTa. y ra3i 6yJIO JIHIIIe TPH XpHCTOBi u;epKBH, a BCi peiiiTa rroraHCbKi. BamKoiO 6yJia rrpau;.H cB. Ilopqmpi.H, Ta BiH Ha,D;i.HBC.H B YCbOMY aa Bora, H rocrrO,D;b crrpaB.n;i ,Zl;OIIOMaraB HOMy.

233

26 1110Toro

Y TOR ~ac 6yJia BeJIRKa nocyxa. MicTy 3arpomyBaB HeBpomaii Ta rOJIO,ll;. lloraHH IIOB '.H3yBaJIH u;e HeniacT.H 3 HOBRM XpRCTR.HHCbKRM €1IRCKOIIOM, 60 IXHiR 6omoK rrpe,n;piK IM, Il.\0 3 iioro npnxo,n;oM cna,n;e Ha MicTo Hell.\aCT.H. KoJIH ,n;Ba Mic.Hu;i He na,n;aB ,ll;OIIJ;, IIOraHH CiM ,ll;HiB IIpHHOCHJIR mepTBM B XpaMi CB.HTMHi MapHaca ii MOJIMJIMC.H. Ta .n:OII.\Y He 6yJio. Y Hapo,n;i rraHyBaJio BeJIMKe p03,ll;paTyBaHH.H; BMHMKJia He6e31IeKa, Il.\0 IIOraHM 3BaJI.HTb BRHY Ha XpRCTM.HH i B~RH.HTb .HKRRCb norpOM. Y TOMY ropi CB. llopqmpiii 3BepHyBc.H 3a ,n;onoMormo ,n;o Bora. HaKa3aBillM CBOIM BipHMM nocTMTR, CKJIMKaB IX ,n;o u;epKBM Ha BceHi~HY 6orocJiym6y, a BpaHu;i noBiB Hapo,n; noxo,n;oM ,n;oBKOJia MicTa, aaBiB ,n;o cTapeHhKOI u;epKBM CB. TMMOTe.H 3a MiCTOM, ,n;e yci npo6yJIR IJ;iJIMR ,n;eHb y MOJIRTBi R IIOCTi. KoJIM BBe~epi BepTaJIMC.H ,ll;O,ll;OMY, TO 3aCTaJIM MiCbKY 6paMy 3aMKHeHOIO, 60 noraHM He • xoTiJIM BnycKaTM IX Ha3a,n; ,n;o MicTa. EJIM3hKO ,n;Box ro,n;MH CTO.HJIH CB. llopqmpift 3 JIIO,ll;bMH nepe,n; MiCTOM i cep,n;e~HO MOJIMJIMCH. rocrro,n;h He ocopoMMB CBOIX BipHRX ,n;iTeii. llepe,n; 3axo,n;oM coHIJ;.H IIOBi.HB CMJibHRR BiTep i BIIaB BeJIRKMR ,n;om;. To,n:i noraHR 3pa,n;iJIM, OXO~e Bi,n;qMHRJIM 6paMy MiCTa, IIpRJI~MJIRC.H ,ll;O XpRCTR.HH Ta pa30M 3 HHMM CJiaBHJIM rocno,n;a OKJIRKaMM: "XpHCTOC € EoroM! BiH o,n;MH nepeMir!" Q.H rro,n;i.H ii ~y,n;ecHe o3,n;opoBJieHH.H o,n;Hiei: miHKM cnpa!IMJIH Ha noraH TaKe CMJibHe BpameHHH, II.\O 6araTo 3 HMX HaBepHyJioc.H ,n;o XpMCTOBOI BipM. PelllTa noraH, m;o He IIpMRH.HJIH Tiel JiaCKH, CTpRBOmeHi IIOCTYIIOM HOBOI peJiirii, Il.\e 3aB3.HTillle CTaJIH lllKO,ll;RTM XpMCTM.HHaM, He ,n;aBaJIM IM TOpryBaTR, 3aRMaTM BHCOKi IIOCa,ll;H. III;o6 o6opOHMTM ce6e R CBOIX BipHHX Bi,n; noraHCbKOro rrepecJii,n;yBaHH.H, CB. TiopclJnpiii rrocJiaB MapKa 3i cKaproiO ,n;o iMnepaTopa, a onicJI.H Il.\e ii caM BR6paBCH 3 MMTponoJIRTOM lBaHoM ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a. llpH6yBillM TY,ll;R, HaCaMnepe,n; Bi,n;Bi,n;aJIM CB. lBaHa 30JIOTOyCTOrO, IJ;apropo,n;chKoro naTpiapxa. BiH npMRH.HB i:x 3 pa,n;icTIO ii mo6oB'IO, a KOJIH ,n;oBi,n;aBC.H rrpo MeTy i:xHhoro npni:3,n;y ,n;o cToJinu;i, npe,n;cTaBHB IX ,n;BipcbKOMY yp.H,n;HHKOBi AMaHTieBi, .HKMR nocnpM.HB i:xHiii 3YCTpi~i 3 u;apMu;eiO €B,n;oKcieiO. O,n;epmaBIIIH Bi,n; HHX 6JiarOCJIOBeHH.H, BOHa o6ill;.HJia IIOIIpOCMTM iMrrepaTopa BJia,n;HaTR lXHIO cnpaBy. AJr.e iMrrepaTOp Bi,ll;MOBMBC.H BHKOHaTM 1XHE: npoxaHHH. €B,ll;OKCi.H IIOBi,ll;OMMJia 060X BJia,n;MK npo HenpMXMJibHY Bi,n;noBi,n;h iMnepaTopa ApKa,n;iH, aJie Bo,n;Ho~ac ~ o6iu;.HJia IIOCTapaTMC.H BIIJIMHYTH Ha iMnepaTOpa. llo,n;.HKyBaBillR u;apMIJ;i 3a 11 ,n;o6p03M~JIMBiCTb, CKa3aJIH: "lloTpy,n;MCb, €B,ll;OKCie, ,n;JI.H XpMcTa, a BiH 3a TBiii Tpy,n; ,n;acTb ro6i CRHa, II.\O Ha TBoi:x o~ax CTa.He iMrrepaTopoM i ,n;oBri poKH npomRBe B ,n;o6pi". IJ;apRIJ;.H apa,n;iJia TaKoMy 6JiarocJioBeHHIO, 6o, MaiO~M TPM ,n;oHe~KR, 234

26 lltoToro cepAe'IHO 6amaJia CHHa. IJepeA6atieHH.R BJiaAHK crrpaBAi CIIOBHHJIOC.R: Bor AaB u;apm.~;i CHHa. Ha u;apchKOMY ABopi rraHyBaJia BeJIHKa PaAiCTb. Ili,acJIHBa 8BAOKCi.R Ayme XOTiJia AOIIOMOrTH eiiHCKOIIaM, aJie, ru;o6 He Hapa3HTH ce6e 3HOBY Ha BiAMOBy iMrrepaTopa, .RKHM He xoTiB APaTyBaTH rroraH 3HHID;eHH.RM 'ix:Rix CB.RTHHb, BHpiillHJia BHpBaTH iMrrepaTOpCbKY 3rOAY XHTpiCTIO. IlpHKJIHKaBIJlH BJiaAHK ,n;o ce6e, cKa3aJia 'iM IIOAaTH IIHCbMOBe rrpoxaHH.R, ru;o6 iMrrepaTop rrpH6opKaB rroraHChKY CBaBOJIIO, a BOAHO'IaC AaB MaTepiaJibHY AOIIOMOry xpHCTH.RHCbKHM n;epKBaM Ta AYXOBeHCTBy; TOM JIHCT u;apHD;.H HaKa3aJia BKJiaCTH MaJioMy CHHO'IKOBi TeoAocieBi B pyKy. KoJIH rricJI.R xpHru;eHH.R rrpHHeCJIH AHTHHY AO u;apcbKo'i rraJiaTH M rrepeAaJIH u;apHn;i, BOHa rron;iJiyBaJia Moro M 3aHecJia AO iMrrepaTopa. CKopHcTaBIJlH 3 Moro A06poro HacTpoiO, cTaJia rrpocHTH ApKaAi.R, ru;o6 BiH HaKa3aB CIIOBHHTH rrepille rrpoxaHH.R, rrepeAaHe IXHbOMY CHHOBi B D;eM AeHb 3araJibHO'i PaAOCTi. lMrrepaTop rrpotiHTaB Moro M CKa3aB: "BamKe u;e rrpoxaHH.R, Ta ru;e Bamqe 6yJio 6 He crroBHHTH Moro 3aAJI.R HaillOrO CHHa". IJpHKJIHKaBIJlH MHTpOIIOJIHTa lBaHa i CB. IJopqmpi.R, HaKa3aB BHAaTH AJI.R HHX BiAIIOBiAHY rpaMOTY 3 IIpHXHJibHHM IIOJiarOAmeHH.RM IXHbOI crrpaBH, a BOAHO'IaC IIOCJiaB AO ra3H qecHoro i crrpaBeAJIHBOro rraTpHD;i.R CHHer'i.H CTemHTH 3a BHKOHaHH.RM u;apcbKoro HaKa3y. A u;apHu;ff"; rrporu;arotiHCb 3 BJiaAHKaMH, AaJia cB. IIopqmpieBi 6araTo 30JIOTa AJI.R crropyAmeHH.R y ra3i MypoBaHOI u;epKBH M AOMY AJI.R IIOAOpomHiX. TaKom iMrrepaTop BPY'IHB BiA ce6e AJI.R errHcKorriB 6araTi AapH: u;epKOBHHM rrocyA M 30JIOTO. IlpH6yBillH AO IlaJieCTHHH M 3iMillOBillH 3 Kopa6JI.H, paAi xpHCTH.RHH BHMillJIH 'iM Ha3ycTpiq 3 rricH.HMH M xpecToM. IJpHBiTaBIJlHCb 3i CBOIM BipHHM HapOAOM, IIiillJIH 06HABa 81IliCKOIIH AO MiCTa, a 3 HHMH BeCb IIOXiA. KoJIH IIpOXOAHJIH qepe3 MiCbKY rrJioru;y, Ha .RKiM CTO.RJia cTaTy.R BeHepH, TOM rroraHChKHM iAOJI yrraB Ha 3eMJIIO M po36HBC.R Ha APi6Hi IllMaTKH. IIicJI.R AeC.HTH AHiB rrpH6yB AO ra3H CHHer'iM 3 BiMCbKOM, rrpO'IHTaB JIIOA.RM iMrrepaTOpCbKHM HaKa3, HaKa3aBIJlH CIIaJIHTH BiCiM IIOraHCbKHX CB.RTHHh, 3po6HTH o61JlyK no xaTax, rropo36HBaTH rroraHChKi CTaTy'i Ta IIOIIaJIHTH 'IaKJIYHCbKi KHHmKH. BaraTO rroraH IIpOCHJIH TOAi cB. XpHru;eHH.R, AO .HKoro cB. IIopqmpiM AOrrycTHB 'ix JIHIJle rricJI.R AOBroro BHrrpo6oByBaHH.R M ru;oAeHHo'i KaTeXH3an;i'i.

Ha Micu;i cB.RTHHi roJIOBHoro 6omKa MapHaca BHpiillHB CB. IJopqmpiM 36YAYBaTH HOBY MypOBaHY n;epKBY. IJiCJI.R MOJIHTBH IIO'IaB CB. IJopqmpiM rrepillHM HOCHTH KaMiHH.R Ha BomHM XpaM. 3a MOrO IlpiiKJiaAOM IIiillJIH iHilli XpHCTH.RHH i rrpH CIIiBi IICaJIMiB IIO'IaJiaC.R 6yAOBa, ID;O TpHBaJia II' .RTb poKiB. QapHD;.H IIpHCJiaJia

235

27 IliOToro

Ha npHKpacy n;epKBH 30 MapMypoBHX CTOBniB. HdcaM BeJIHKp;eHb 408 poKy CB. IJopqmpift ITOCB.HTHB n;epKBY M, CITOBHeHHM pap;OCTi, cKa3aB: "Hap;irocb Ha Bora, .HKHM, 36iJibiiiHBIIIH Hallie cTa,Ao, IIOMHO.)KHTb MOrO TaK, II.J;O I.J;.H n;epKBa 6yp;e 3aMaJia". 3aB,li;.HKH anocTOJibChKi:ii: peBHOCTi CB.HToro :ii: 6araTbOM qyp;aM, .HKi Bor po6HB 3a ftoro MOJIHTBaMH, 3HaqHO 36iJiblllHJiaCb KiJibKiCTb xpHCTH.HH, MiCTO 3BiJibHHJIOC.H Bip; .RBHOrO ip;OJIOITOKJIOHCTBa Ta 3a6o6oHiB. CnoqHB CB. Ilopqmpi:ii: y Bo3i 26 JIIDToro 420 poKy nicJI.H 24 poKiB peBHOl aiTOCTOJibCbKOl npan;i Hap; cnaciHH.HM JllO,li;CbKHX p;yiii. Morn;i CB.RToro cnoqHJIH nip; n;epKBOIO, .HKY BiH 36YAYBaB y MiCTi fa3i. jKHTT.H CB. eiTHCKOITa IJopqmpi.R 6yJIO ITOBHe ITOKOpH, MOJIHTBH .ft ITOCTy; ,li;JI.H ce6e BiH 6yB CKYITHM, ,li;JI.H iHIIIHX - II.J;e,l(pHM. 3 n;epKOBHHX ,li;OXO,ll;iB CTBOpHB QJOH,ll; ,li;OITOMOrH B60rHM. 27

JIIOTOrD

CBHTH:R r ABPHi'JI TIACIOHICT .A.l(BoKaTa. IlocceHTi Hap;3BHqaftHo noBa.maJIH TPH CB.HTiiiii 0Tn;i: fpHropi:ii: XVI, Ili:ii: IX i JleB XIII. BiH 6yB crrepiiiy ynpaBHTeJieM npoBiHn;i:ii: y nancbKi:ii: .l(ep.masi, a 3rop;oM BeJIHKHM acecopoM Ha:ii:BHrn;oro Cyp;y B CnoJie.l(o.

CeHbMOp IlocceHTi p;y:>~<e CyMJiiHHO BHKOHyBaB CBOl 060B' .H3KH HexTylOqH npHBaTHHMH crrpaBaMH 3apap;H p;o6pa rpoMa,li;.HH, 3a rn;o BOHH rn;Hpo noBa:>KaJIH :ii:oro Ta oxoqe 3 HHM cniBnpan;IDBaJIH. Xoq :ii:oro :>KHTT.H 6yJio HanoBHeHe qHcJieHHHMH crrpaBaMH, npoTe BiH He 3a6yBaB, rn;o Bar i peJiiri.H - Ba:>KJIHBiiiii, Him. p;oqacHi cnpaBH, TOMY BCTaBaB paHO, I.J;iJiy rO,AHHY MOJIHBC.H M qHTaB peJiiriftHi KHH:>KKH, ITOTiM ITOCITilllaB ,l(O n;epKBH Ha CJiy.m6y Bo.my. lfacTo npHcTynaB p;o cB. IlpHqacT.H, a BBeqepi :ii:oro MO.mHa 6yJIO 6aqHTH Ha KOJiiHaX nepep; KHBOTOM. IJocceHTi 6yB cnpaB:>KHiM KaTOJIHKOM. Bor p;aB :ii:oMy 13 p;iTe:ii:. BHxoByBaJia i:x p;y:>~<e p;6a:ii:JIHBo rro6o:>~<Ha ceHb:ii:opa IlocceHTi, ,l(y.me MHJia :ii: JiacKaBa MaTH, aJie BO,l(HOqac i piiiiyqa BHXOBaTeJibKa. Op;HHap;n;.HTOID p;HTHHOID 6ys y HHX xJionqHK <l>paHn;icK. KoJIH ;. :ii:oMy 6yJio qoTHPH poKH, noMepJia ceHb:ii:opa IlocceHTi. ,ZJ;iTH 3aJIHIIIHJIHC.H cHpoTaMH. Top;i 6aTbKo npH:ii:H.RB p;JI.H Bep;eHH.R rocnop;apCTBa Ta BHXOBaHH.H IJaci¢liKy, .HKa BMiJia HaBqaTH p;iTeM nocJiyxy Ta nop.Hp;Ky. Ha:ii:6iJibiiie KJionoTy MaJia p;oMorocnop;apKa 3 Mfl.JIHM <l>paHn;i-

236

27

niOTOrO

CKOM, .RKIIH, XO"ll i MaB TiJibKII n' .liTh a6o IIIiCTb JiiT, Ta 3aB,.o;aBaB Hai1:6iJibiiie KJionoTy scii1: pi,.o;Hi. Kom-r ceHbiiop IlocceHTi sepTaBc.R ,ll;O,ll;OMy, IJaci<lJiKa ·MaJia Bme rOTOBHH ,ll;OBrHH nepeJiiK 36HTKiB ct>paHu;icKa, .RKi BiH Hapo6HB ni,.o; "'laC Bi,.o;cyTHOCTi 6aTbKa. IJiCJIJI TaTOBHX KapTaHb i TIOKapaHb XJIOTI"'IHK o6il.I;.RB BHTipaBIITIICR, aJie CJIOBa He ,ll;OTpiiMyBaB. 3amypeHHH HeBnnpaBHHM CIIHOM, 6aTbKO TIOXIITyBaB cyMHO rOJIOBOIO H rOBOpiiB ,ll;O ct>paHu;icKa: "5{ He 3HaiO, ru;o 3 Te6e 6y,.o;e". Ilose,.o;iHKa xnonu;JI Hi"'lora ,.o;o6poro He siru;ysana. A Te, ru;o BiH 6y,.o;e CBJITHM, B3arani HiKoMy i1: Ha .l{YMKY He cna,.o;ano. CeHbiiop IlocceHTi "'IHTaB mHTTenucH CBJITHX, Ta mo,.o;eH 3 HHX He 6ys no,.o;i6HnM ,.o;o iioro CllpaHu;icKa. Cs. Ano3ii1: JII061IB ,ll;IITIIHOIO XOBaTHC.R B JIKOMYCb KYTKY i TaM MOJIIITHC.R. BiH 6ys Ha"lle aHreJI y JIIO,ll;CbKOMY TiJii. Cs. IBaH BepxMaHc HiKoJIH He 6paB y"llaCTi Hi B ,ll;HT.H"'IHX 3a6aBaX, Hi B nyCTHX 6aJia"l!KaX; iioro po3MOBH 6yJIH 3aBm,.o;H npo ru;ocb nosamHe, cepi1:a3He, cnoBHeHe CB.RTIIM ,Il;yxoM. A iioro CllpaHu;icK He Te, ru;o He Mas mo,.o;Hoi: 3 npHKMeT THX CB.HTHX, a, HasnaKH, cnpaBJI.HB BpameHHH, ID;O KOJIM:Cb 6y,.o;e .HKHMOCb JIIIXO,ll;i£M. ct>paHI.I;iCK 6yB TaKHM ynepTHM i HeCJIYXH.HHHM, ID;O Hi JiaCK010, Hi KapOIO He MOmHa 6yJIO OTiaM'.HTaTH HOrO. 5J:K XTOCb npo6yBaB CTIHHHTH HOrO BH6pM:KH, BiH Bi.l{pa3y BHXO,ll;HB 3 KiMHaTH i B)Ke iHIIIHM CTIOC060M BH.RBJI.HB CBOIO 3JiiCTb. ~Ta HacnpaB,.o;i cepu;e CllpaHu;icKa He 6yno TaKHM JIHXHM, JIK 3,ll;aBanoc.H. O,.o;HH 3 iioro cTaprnnx 6paTiB 3acBi,ll;"'IHB, ru;o BiH MaB ru;e,.o;pe cepu;e i1: oxo"lle ,.o;iJIHBC.R 3 iHIIIHMH THM, ru;o MaB. Konn O,ll;HOro pa3y ciJpaHu;icKy no,.o;apyBaJIH Ha ypO,ll;HHH rapHIIH 30JIOTHH JiaHI.I;IO)KOK, XJIOTI"'IHK, no6a"l!HBIIIH, ID;O :f:i:oro 6paT XOTiB 6M: HOrO MaTH, Bi,.o;pa3y Bi,.o;,.o;aB iioMy 6paToBi. ,Il;o B6orux MaB BeJinKe MHJiocep,.o;.H, "llacTo ,.o;oKy"llaiO"l!H Ilaci<Piu;i ,.o;aTH 1M MHJIOCTHHJO. A KOJIH oru;a,n;Ha rocno,.o;apKa He xoTiJia iioro cnyxaTH, TO BiH 3a.HBJISIB, ru;o rocno,.o;apeM ,.o;oMy € 6aTbKO, a BiH 6amae, ru;o6 BOHH 6yJIH 3aBm,ll;H MHJIOCep,l{HHMH ,l{O B60rHX. qymal pe"lli HiKOJIM CaMOBiJibHO co6i He B3.RB. 3aB)K,ll;M 060pOH.HB TIOKpMB,l{)KeHHX i BMiB 3aXMCTHTM CaMara ce6e. qaCTO BepTaBC.H 3 CMH.HKaMH, SIKi BHpa3HO 3acBi,.o;"llyBaJin, ru;o ,.o;ecb y MicTi 6yna 6ii1:Ka. ,Il;o 3a6aBM He Tpe6a 6yno iioro npocHTn; BiH Bi,.o;,.o;aBaBCSI 'iii 3 ycie10 ,.o;yrneiO. CMix Ta BMryxn cnHa noBamHoro 6aTbKa nyHaJIH Ha nnoru;i ,.o;JI.H 3a6aB. IJ;e:f:i: XJIOTI"'IMHa MaJIOrO 3pOCTY 6yB BeJIHKHM IIIM:6eHMKOM 3 30JIOTMM cepu;eM. IIepeKoHaHHH, ru;o TiJihKM Bor Mome Ha,.o;aTH mMTTIO JIIO,ll;MHM ceHc, ceHbiiop IIocceHTi ,.o;6as npo penirii1:He BMXOBaHH.H ,.o;iTei1:.

Y ,ll;OMi BCi CTiiJibHO TipOKa3yBaJIH MOJIMTBM i 6paJIH Y"l!aCTb y . u;epKOBHMx 6orocnymiHH.RX. Xo"ll 6aTbKO 6yB ,.o;yme 3ai1:H.RTHH

.

237

27 lliOToro noaa ,ll;OMOM, npoTe caM HaBtiaB ,D;iTeii KaTexH:Jicy

:H:

6i6JiiiiHo1

icTopil, poaKaayBaB 1M npo jJUITTH CBHTHX. ll>paH:u;icK TaK jKa,D;i6HO CJiyXaB TY HayKy, ~0 BjKe Ha IIIOCTOMY po:u;i jKJiTTH apxienHcKon ,D;aB iioMy nepiiie CBHTe IlpHtiaCTH. ,1J;o6pe ycBi,ll;OMJIIOIOliH HeraTHBHHH BDJIHB CBiTCbKOl IIIKOJIH Ha MOJIO,ll;b, ceHhiiop IIocceHTi HaHHHB ,D;JIH cBoi:x ,D;iTeii ,ll;OMaiiiHiM BtiHTeJieM MOJio,D;oro, KYJihTypHoro i

poayMHoro 6orocJioBa.

HaBtiaHHH MaJioro ll>paH:u;icKa aa:u;iKaBHJIO, i

iioro noBe,D;iHKa

3HatiHO 3MiHHJiaCH Ha Jiiniiie; KOJIHIIIHiH 36HTOliHHK CDOBajKHiB i DO"tlaB OITaHOByBaTH CBOIO B,D;atiy Ha BeJIHKY pa,D;iCTb 6aTbKa. 3ro,D;oM iioro nocJiaJIH Ha HaBtiaHHH ,ll;O BpaTiB XpHCTHHHCbKHX lliKiJI, a

onicJIH -

,D;o KoJier'il OT:u;iB IcyciB:u;iB, ,D;e BiH ,D;y*e

IIIBH,ll;KO CTaB O,ll;HHM 3 nepiiiHX ytiHiB. 3

TBopiB JiaTHHCbKHX,

rpell;bKHX, iTaJiiHCbKHX i <IJpaHll;Y3bKHX KJiaCHKiB £l>paHll;iCK 3HaB ':u;iJii tiaCTHHH HanaM'HTb.

Y

pi3HHX aaXO,D;aX KOJier'il BiH 6yB

HeaaMiHHHM, a aa ycniXH B HaBtiaHHi DOCTiHHO O,D;ep*YBaB HaHBH-

~i Bi,ll;3HaKH. A.rre XJIOITell;b THM He rop,D;HBCH i He XH3yBaBCH. 3i IIIKiJibHHMH TOBapHIIIaMH DOBO,ll;HBCH ,D;yjKe tieMHO,

OXO"tle

aa6aBJIHBCH 3 HHMH, mo6HB xo,D;HTH Ha noJIIOBaHHH. Oxo-qe *apTyBaB, a HK TOBapHIIIi ni,D;CMiiOBaJIHCH Ha,D; HHM, BiH CDpHHMaB 1xHi *apTH .JIO-npHHTeJibChKH. KoJIH ll>paH:u;icK cTaB IOHaKOM, BnepTiCTb Ta HeCJIYXHHHiCTb 3aJIHIIIHJIH HOrO, aJie HaTOMiCTb BiH DOJII06HB CBiTCbKi p03BarH i OXO"tle Bi,D;,D;aBaB lM CBOe cep:u;e.

HK CHH HaHBH~oro ypH,ll;HHKa B npoBiH:u;il, BiH MaB ,ll;OCTyn y

HaiiKpa~i ,ll;OMH CnoJieTTO.

A

ocKiJihKH BiH 6yB npHCTOHHHH,

eHepr'iHHHH i ,ll;OTenHHH, ,D;o6pe rpaB Ha MY3HtiHHX iHcTpyMeHTax, rapHO TaHll;IOBaB i liY,ll;OBO aa6aBJIHB TOBapHC'rBO, TO HOrO OXO"tle BiTaJIH B KQjKHiH pO,ll;HHi Ha BCiX apHCTOKpaTHliHHX Betiopax.

Ha TaKHX BetiopHHKax BeJIHCH :u;iKaBi po3MOBH npo ocTaHHi BHHaxO,D;H, JiiTepaTypHi TBOpH, HOBHHH TeaTpaJibHOrO MHCTell;TBa; noTiM 6yJIH TaH:u;i, 3a6aBH

:H:

iHIIIi po3BarH, ~o 3axonJIIOBaJIH

MOJIO,ll;HX i CTapHX. Ha ll>paH:u;icKa TaKi BetiipKH cnpaBJIHJIH BeJIHKe BpameHHH. BiH npHrJIH,D;aBCH ,D;O JIIO,D;eii, cTapaiOtiHCb HacJii,D;yBaTH 1xHIO MaHepy O,ll;HraTHCH, BHCJIOBJIIOBaTHCH, ITOBO,ll;HTHCb. IJotiaB 3BepTaTH oco6JIHBY yBary Ha cBiii BHrJIH,ll;. HaBiTh HaHKpa~a O,D;ema He 3a,D;OBOJibHHJia Horo; KpaBell;b MaB liHMaJIO KJIOITOTy,

~o6 ,D;oro,D;HTH XHMepHoMy naHHtieBi. BiH 6atiHB ,ll;OBKOJia ce6e

~ eJier'aHTHHH MOJIO,ll;HH CBiT, i XOTiB y BCbOMy npHCTOCyBaTHCH ,ll;O Hhoro. BeJieTpHCTHKY BiH tiHTaB 3 aaxonJieHHHM; B TeaTpaJihHHx i KOH:u;epTHHX 3aJiaX CTaB tiaCTHM rOCTeM: 3HaHOMi HaBiTb nepeIIIiDTYBaJIHCH, ID;O BiH 3:BepTae OC06JIHBY yBary Ha O,ll;HY rapHy ceHhHOPHTY. IIepiiii JierKi notiYTTH Jie,D;Be He nepepocJIH B CHJibHY

238

27 ntoToro

JII060B. I..I.:(onpaB,z:(a, HeMa lli,z:(CTaB .n;yMaTH, ~0 BiH y TOI1: 'laC BTpaTHB CBOIO HeBHHHiCTb, 60 BiH BeCb qac TIOBO,D;HBC.H .HK ,n;o6pe BHXOBaHHH KaTOJIHI.J;bKHH IOHaK i He ,D;03BOJI.HB co6i »W,ll;HY HH3hKy, Heri.n;Hy qecHoro 'IOJIOBiKa piq; :i1:oro norJI.H,D;H, .mapTH i noBe,n;iHKa 6yJIH aaB.m,n;H ,n;y.me npHCTO:i1:Hi. BiH xo,n;HB Ha CJiy.m6y '!'

Bo.my, npHcTynaB ,n;o CB.HTHX Ta:i1:H i Hi.mHo noKJIOH.HBC.H llpe'IHCTiH ,lJ;iBi Mapii:. ,[(o6pe peJiiri:i1:He BHXOBaHH.H H He6ecHa oniKa BTpHMYBaJIH :i1:oro Bi,n; HeMopaJibHOCTi. HaBiTh 6iJihiiie, Bo.ma JiacKa no'laJia cKepoByBaTH :i1:oro KpOKH Ha HeapHMY CTe.mKy rocnO,D;HiX 3a,D;yMiB. Hecno,n;iBaHo IOHaK Ba.mKo aaHe,n;y.maB. BJIH3hKH:i1: .n;o p03Bi.HHH.H BciX IOHai.J;bKHX Mpi:if, Ma:if.me Ha,D; rpo6oM, BiH llO'IaB ,n;yMaTH rJIH6oKo :i1: noBa.mHo. Ha nopoai Bi'IHOcTi cyMJiiHH.H noqaJio MyqHTH :i1:oro aa ,n;oTenepiiiiHe nycTe .mHTT.H, HecnaceHHe ,D;JI.H ,n;yiiii. 3BopyiiieHHH ,D;O CJii3, BiH llOCTaHOBHB y CBOeMy cepn;i, ~0, .HK~O BH,D;y.mae, 3MiHHTb CBOe .mHTT.H Ha Kparn;e, He 6y.n;e npH'IHH.HTH JIHXa cBo'i:i1: ,n;yiiii. <l>paHn;icK aBepHyBc.H ,n;o Bora, no'laB ~Hpo MOJIHTHC.H. KpiM Taro, BiH npHpiK: .HK BH,n;y.mae, TO llOKHHe CBiT i BCTYIIHTb y MOHaCTHp. Bor BHCJIYXaB :iforo MOJIHTBH i noBepHyB :i1:oMy a,n;opoB'.a.

Ta MOJIO,D;HH naHH'I He ,n;o,n;ep.maB cBoro CJIOBa. Xoq HanHcaB y TiH cnpaBi JIHCTa ,D;O O,D;HOrO 3HaHOMOrO CB.H~eHRKa i npOCHB y HbOro nopa,n;H, npoTe Hi~o 3 Taro He BHHIIIJIO: qlpaJII.J;iCK CBOel llOCTaHOBH He BHKOHaB i Heaa6apOM CTaB 3HOBY BeCeJIHM rOCTeM Be'IOpiB i TeaTpiB. llpoTe Bor He ,n;oaBOJIHB ct>paHn;icKoBi aMiHHTH Moro nJiaHiB. Heaa6apoM ,n;pyra He,n;yra, xBopo6a ropJia TpoxH He aa,n;yiiiHJia TOro Bo.moro BH6paHI.J;.H, .HKHH He ,D;OTpHMaB CBOrO CJIOBa. TiepeJI.aKaHHH, noqaB 6JiaraTH B Bora B6eperTH :i1:oro Bi.n; cMepTi. B TY XBHJIHHY BiH panToBo npHra,n;aB CBOIO HecnoBHeHy o6iTHHn;ro.

3 BeJIHKHM TIO'IYTT.HM npOBHHH BiH cepe,n; ripKHX ,D;OKOpiB cyMJiiHH.H cKpHKHyB: "Mi:i1: Bo.me, 3MHJiocep.n;Hc.H Ha,n;i MHOIO i no~a,n;H MeHe ~e paa, a .a npHc.araro To6i, ~o Moe CJIOBO 6y,n;e ,n;o,n;ep.maHe". TiicJI.a Taro BiH 3HOBY panToBo BH,n;y.maB. BiJih Bi.n;cTynHB, i xJionen;h aacHyB. HacTynHoro paHKY ct>paHn;icK npo6y,n;HBC.H 30BCiM 3,D;OpOBHH. llOBHHH HeBHMOBHOl pa,D;OCTi i B,D;.H'IHOCTi BoroBi, BiH Ha ,n;pyrH:i1: ,n;eHh 6yB y.me B npoToiryMeHa 0TI.J;iB JcyciBI.J;iB i npOCHB npHHH.HTH HOrO B MOHaCTHp. TipoToiryMeH ,n;o6pe aHaB npHpo,n;Hi TaJiaHTH ct>paHn;icKa, :i1:oro BeJIHKOTiaHCbKe, JierKO,D;YIIIHe .mHTT.H, a BO,D;HO'IaC- Ti ,D;YXOBHi aa.n;aTKH, npHrJiyiiieHi MapHOTOIO CBiTy, .HKi 6yJIH Ha,z:(iHHHM MaTepiaJioM ,n;JI.a BHpiab6JieHH.H xapaKTepy .n;ocKoHaJioro Bo.moro cJiyrH. O.n;Hak ,z:(JI.H BHnpo6yBaHH.H, a,n;HByBaBIIIHCh, aa.HBHB

239

27 JliOToro

XJIOIIIl;eBi, IIJ;O HOrO 3BH't£KI1 i BIIO)l;06aHHSI ili)l;XO)l;SITb 6iJibUie )l;JISI TOBapHCbKHX rOCTHH i 3a6aB, Him )l;JISI MOHaCTHpCbKOl KeJiii:.

KoJIH m ct>paH:u;icK 3 yciero m;~:~picTIO rro'tlaB 3arreBHHTH o.

IIpOTOiryMeHa, IIJ;O BiH TBep,n;o BMpiiiiHB IIOCBSITHTH ce6e CJiy:m6i BoroBi B 'tlepHe'tloMy :>KHTTi, o. rrpoToiryMeH cKaaaB :HoMy, m;o Ha,n; :u;iero crrpaBoro Tpe6a ,n;o6pe rro,n;yMaTH. qepe3 KiJihKa ,n;HiB HaCTOSITeJii BMpiiiiHJIH rrpHHHSITH HOrO )l;O MOHaCTMpSI. Cl>paH:u;icK IIO'tlaB roTyBaTHCSI )l;O HOBOrO :>KHTTSI. A.Jre 'tiHM 6iJihUie MHHaJIO )l;HiB, THM MeHUie 6yJIO OXOTH )l;O piiiiY1:£0rO KpOKy. BiH 3HaB, m;o Bor KJIH'tle :Horo ,n;o 'tlepHe'tloro mHTTH, Ta ,n;yMaB co6i, m;o m;e He 'tlac. A m;o6 HixTo He 3,n;ora,n;aBcH rrpo :Horo IIJiaHH, BiH IIO'tlaB IIO-)l;aBHbOMY 6paTH y'tlaCTb y BeCeJIHX CBiTCbKHX aa6aBax. To,n;i Bor ,n;aB :HoMy TpeTiH paa 3HaK, m;o BiH rroKJIHKaHHH ,n;o BHm;oro :>KHTTH, Mae rroKHHYTH cBiT i rrycTe :>KHTTH. BecHOIO 1865 poKy B MicTi CrroJieTTO rro'tlaJiaCH rrourecTb xoJiepM, m;o KOCHJia JIIO)l;eH. Bi,n; XBOpo6H IIOMepJia HaHCTapiiia cecTpa Cl>paH:u;icKa, SIKa MaJia Ha HhOrO HaH6iJihiiiHH BIIJIHB y pO)l;HHi. CTpHBo:meHHH Hapo,n; HaBKOJiiiiiKH rrepe,n; CTapoBHHHOIO 'tly,n;oTBOpHOIO iKOHOIO IlpecBHTOi: Boropo,n;~:~:u;i 6JiaraB rropHTYHKy. Mapi~HceyxaJia 6JiaraHH.fl aaCMY1:£eHHX, - rrourecTb Bi,n;i:HurJia. B CBHTO YcrriHHH TipecBHToi: Boropo,n;~:~:u;i BYJIHll;HMH MicTa, IIpH6paHOrO KHJIHMaMH i:f KBiTaMH, BHCTeJieHOrO 3eJieHHIO, Bi,n;6yBCH ypO'tiHCTHH rroxi,n;. CaM apxierrHcKorr Hie 'tly,n;oTBOPHY iKoHy IlpecBHToi: Boropo,n;H:u;i.

Cepe,n; B)l;H'tiHHX JIIO,n;e:H 6yB i ct>paH:u;icK. KoJIH iKoHy IIpecBHToi: Boropo,n;~:~:u;i ,n;oHeCJIH ,n;o Taro Mic:u;H, ,n;e KJIH'tlaB xJiorre:u;h, BiH rri,n;Hic roJioBy i rJIHHYB Ha cB. o6paa. To,n;i HacTaJia BHpiiiiaJihHa XBHJIHHa B :Horo mHTTi. HoMy a,n;aBaJIOCH, m;o o'tli Bo:moi: MaTepi cTaJIH :mHBHMH :H rrpoHH3JIHBO rJIHHYJIH B :Horo cep:u;e. BOHH Ha'tle CXOIIHJIH SIKOIOCb )l;HBHOIO CHJIOIO HOrO ,n;yury.

KoJIH BiH TaK ,n;HBHBCH Ha IIpecBHTY Boropo,n;~:~:u;ro, HOMY 3)l;aBaJIOCSI, IIJ;O ll yeT a IIpOMOBHJIH )l;O HhOro: "Cl>paH:u;icKy, 'tiOMY TH m;e y CBi Ti? flKHaHCKOpiure CTaHh MOHaXOM".

BH,n;iHHSI TpMBaJIO KOpOTKY XBHJIHHY, aJie BOHO BMpiiiiHJIO :Horo ,n;oJIIO. Iloxi,n; Bme rrpo:HuroB, a ct>paH:u;icK m;e KJIH'tlaB cepe,n; BYJIH:u;i, OCJiiiiJieHHH CBiTJIOM, IIJ;O paiiTOBO 3aJIHJIO Horo.

Toro ,n;HH ct>paH:u;icK cTaB iHIIIHM. BeceJii Be'tlopM, TaH:u;i, TeaTpM, ,n;iB'tlaTa, - Bee Te rrepecTaJio ,n;JIH Hhoro icHyBaTH. BiH ,n;yMaB Terrep TiJihKH rrpo o,n;He: Hera:H:Ho rri,n;KopHTHCH He6ecHi:H MaTepi. · He3a6apoM BiH HarmcaB JIHCTa 3 rrpoxaHHHM rrpHMHHTH :Horo ,n;o MOHaCTMpH, Ta n;HM paaoM y:me He ,n;o OT:u;iB lcyciB:u;iB, a ,n;o

240

27 JliOToro OT:u;iB llacioHicTiB, l..JHH .HKHX HaJieJKHTh ,n;o Ha:i1:cyBopinmx y KaTOJIHIJ;hKi:i1: IJ;epKBi. O,n;epmaBIIIH 6amaHy Bi,n;rroBi,n;h, BiH IIpllrOTyBaBC.H ,ll;O .HKHaHCKOpiiiioro Bip; 'i:3p;y ,ll;O HOBiiJ;i.HTY. 3aJIHIIIHJIOCh :i1:oMy 3po6HTH II..J;e o,n;Hy BaJKKY pi"'!. Ha,n;i:i1:IIIOB -qac, KOJIH :i1:oMy Tpe6a 6yJio BH.HBHTH rrepe,n; 6aThKOM cBi:i1: 3a,n;y1Vi: llpHKJIHKaBIIIH Ha ,n;orroMory Bomy MaTip, o,n;Horo Be"'!opa <l>paH:u;icK p03IIOBiB 6aThKOBi rrpo CBiH HaMip IIOKHHYTH CBiT i BCTYIIHTH ,ll;O MOHaCTllp.H. CeHh:i1:op llocceHTi 6yB THM Ha,n;3BH"'!a:i1:Ho BpameHHH. BiH He Mir 3p03yMiTH, .HK :u;e MOrJIO CTaTHC.H, II..J;06 TaKHH OXO"'IHH ,ll;O 3a6aB JOHaK 6amaB BCTYIIHTH B MOHaCTHp. KpiM :u;horo, piiiieHH.H <t>paH:u;icKa rrepeKpecJIIOBaJio Bci H:oro rrJiaHH. CeHh:i1:op llocceHTi MaB yme 66 poKiB i roTyBaBC.H ,ll;O CIIOKiHHOl CTapOCTi. <l>paHIJ;iCK 6yB Ha:i1:3,n;i6HiiiiHM 3 ycix H:oro ,n;iTe:i1:, i H:oro BH6paB 6aThKO Ha cBoro rroMi"'IHHKa. Hi, BiH He Mome p;o3BOJIHTH :i1:oMy cTaTH MOHaXOM. Top;i <l>paH:u;icK p03IIOBiB 6aThKOBi BCIO iCTOpiiO CBOrO -qepHe"'Ioro rroKJIHKaHH.H, II..J;O BiH MYCHTh HTH 3a BoJKHM IIOKJIHKOM. fliCJI.H IJ;HX CJiiB 6aThKO 3aBaraBC.H, CKa3aBIIIll <t>paH:u;icKOBi, II..J;O HacTyrrHoro ,ll;H.H ,n;acTh :i1:oMy Bi,n;rroBi,n;h.

Tid HO"'Ii He crraJIH Hi 6aThKO, Hi CHH. BaThKO rrpo,n;yMyBaB II..J;€ pa3 crrpaBy, aJie BJK€ CIIOKiHHO • .flKII..J;O BiH He ,ll;03BOJIHTh CllHOBi BCTYIIHTH B MOHaCTllp, p;yMaB BiH, TO <Pf}aH:u;icK MOJK€, 3aJIHIIIHBIIIHCh y CBiTi, KHHYTHC.H 6e3 JKO,ll;HOrO CTpHMaHH.H y Bllp CBi TOBHX p03Bar i 3aHaiiaCT11Th CBOIO p;yiiiy. KoJIH JK p;o3BOJIHTh :i1:oMy rrocB.HTHTHC.H Ha cJiym6y BoroBi, H:oro CHH Mome CTaTH CB.HII..J;€HHKOM i 3p06HTll 6araTO ,n;o6pa ,ll;JI.H CIIaCiHH.H JilO,ll;ChKHX ,n;yiii. BiH 3HaB OT:u;iB llacioHicTiB, "'!aCTO 6yBaB Ha lXHiX MiCi.HX, 6a"'IHB, .HK Bip; lXHhOrO aiiOCTOJihChKOrO CJIOBa M' .HKJIH cep:u;.H rpiiiiHHKiB i BOHH HaBepTaJIHC.H ,n;o Bora. KoJIH foCIIO,ll;h BH6paB co6i :i1:oro ,ll;HTHHY Ha CBOrO CJiyry, 6aThKO MOJK€ TiJihKH pa,n;iTH TaKOIO JiacKoro, ,n;.HKyBaTH 3a Hei: BoroBi i II..J;HPHM cep:u;eM 6JiarOCJIOBHTH CHHa Ha HOB€ JKHTT.H ,ll;OCKOHaJIOl CJiyJK6H BoroBi :i1: JIIO,ll;ChKHM ,n;yiiia:M:.

A <l>paH:u;iCK y CBOlH KiMHaTi BCIO Hi"'! cepp;e"'!HO MOJIHBC.H ,ll;O Bora, II..J;06 6aThKOBe cep:u;e rroro,n;HJIOC.H 3 Horo CB.HTOIO BOJieJO, a6H BiH He Bi,n;'i:m,n;maB ,n;o MOHaCTHP.H 6e3 3ro,n;11 6aThKa. Ha II..J;aCT.H, ,n;o :u;horo He ,n;i:i1:IIIJIO. BpaH:u;i rro6oJKHH:i1: 6aThKO, II..J;O :u;iHHB 6iJihiii€ Bomy BOJIIO, HiJK CBOIO BJiaCHY, CKa3aB <l>paH:u;icKOBi 3 Jiari,n;HOIO ycMiiiiKOIO: "TaK, CHHy, Tll MOJK€III iTH!" To,n;i <l>paH:u;icK KHHYBC.H 3 B€JIHKOl pap;OCTi B o6i:i1:MH CBOrO p;o6poro 6aThKa. A TOH 3 JII06oB'IO rrpHropTaB ,n;o cBo'ix rpy,n;e:i1: CHHa, oc.H.HHoro II..J;a£T.HM CB.HTHX. Tie'i XBHJIHHH BOHH o6H,n;Boe pa,n;iJIH, 6o crroBHHJIH Bomy BOJIIO.

241

27 1110Toro

~

,ll;o KiHII;S'I IIIKiJihHOrO pOKy JIHIIIaJIOCSI lll;8- KiJibKa ,li;HiB. <l>paHIJ;iCK 3aKiHqyBaB CBOl IIpHrOTyBaHH.H ,11;0 Bi,ll;'l3,li;Y B MOHaCTHp, a BO,li;HOqac roTyBaBCSI ,11;0 OCTaHHbOrO BHCTYIIY B KOJie:r'ii:, .u;e :iioMy HaJie.maJio cKa3aTH rrpolll;aJILHe CJIOBO. BiH Mir 6H Bi,u;pa3y BHlXaTH ,11;0 MOHaCTHp.H, aJie He XOTiB HiKOrO ,li;HByBaTH B KOJie:r'il, TOMY BHpiiiiHB 3irpaTH CBOIO pOJib ,11;0 KiHIJ;SI, m;e pa3 6JIHCHYTH rrepe,u; CBiTOM, xoqa B ,li;YMKaX BiH y.me 6yB ,u;aJieKO Bi,ll; Hhoro.

Beqip ypoqHcToro 3aKiHqeHH.H HaBqaHHSI B KOJie:r'il 3i6paB y rrpocTopoMy 3aJii 0Tu;iB IcyciBu;iB Ha:ii.u;ocTOHHiiiie TOBapHCTBO 3 ychoro MicTa. Pi,u;Hi :H: rrpH.HTeJii cTy,u;eHTiB, apHcToKpaTi.H, ,li;YXOBeHCTBO 3aiiOBHHJIH IIpOCTOpHH 3aJI KOJie:r'ii:; cepe,u; SIKHX Ha rroqecHHX Micu;.Hx 6yJIH 3HaMeHHTHH acecop IIocceHTi, apxierrHcRorr i ArrocTOJihChKHH Jie:r'aT. Bi.u; cTy,u;eHTiB roJIOBHe CJIOBO MaB <l>paHu;icK IIocceHTi. BiH lll;e HiKOJIH He BHrJISI,ll;aB TaK qapiBHO, .HK Toro Beqopa. O,u;.Hr, BHCTyrr 6yJIH 6JIHCKyqi. B :H:oro qopHHX oqax 6JIHI.ll;aJIH SIKich ,li;HBHi BorHHKH. KoJIH <l>paHu;icK cKiHqHB, 3 ycix CTopiH ,u;oHeCJIHcSI lll;Hpi :H: ryqHi orrJieCKH. CaM ArrocTOJihChKHH Jie:r'aT cep,u;eqHo IIpHBiTaB HOrO 3 ycrriiiiHHM 3aKiHqeHH.HM HaBqaHHSI, Bi,li;3HaqHBIIIH HOrO ,li;BOMa HaHBHI.ll;HMH Haropo,u;aMH KOJie:r'ii: - 30JIOTHMH Me,u;aJISIMH 3a Ha:H:Kpalll;e 3HaHH.H cpiJiococpil :H: 3araJihHHH ycrrix 3 ycix rrpe,u;MeTiB. IIpHCYTHi B 3aJii BBa.maJIH lllpaHu;icKa Halilll;aCJIHBiiiiHM XJIOIIIJ;eM y IJ;iJIOMY MiCTi. I BiH crrpaB,u;i 6yB lll;aCJIHBHM. AJie He TOMy, lll;O 3,li;06yB ycrrix, a TOMy, lll;O TOrO Beqopa IIOpHBaB 3i CBiTOM Ta HOro CKOpOMHHYI.ll;OIO CJiaBOIO. ,lJ;yXOM BiH 6yB y.me Ha HOBiH BY3hKiH ,u;opo3i, lll;O IIOBe,u;e :iioro ,11;0 Kpalll;OrO CBiTy. HiXTO He 3HaB, lll;O TOrO Beqopa, KOJIH CBiT p03KpHBaB rrepe,u; <l>paHIJ;iCKOM mHpoKy .u;opory .u;o JIIO,li;ChKOi: cJiaBH, ycrrixy, 6araTCTBa :H: p03KOIIIiB, BiH CBOlMH qeMHHMH IIOKJIOHaMH IIpOI.ll;aBC.H 3 HHM pa3 i Ha3aBm,u;H, He MaiOqH B HhOMY :H: HaliMeHIIIoro 3au;iKaBJieHHSI. Toro Beqopa MOJIO,li;HH cTy,!\eHT ,1\y.me ycrriiiiHO rrepexHTpHB TOH CBiT, SIKHH .1\0Ci .u;ypHB :H:oro. AJie u;e lll;e 6yJio TaeMHHu;ero ,li;JISI BCiX. BepHyBIIIHCh 3 6aTbKOM .u;o,!\oMy, <l>paHu;icK, MO.mJIHBO, Kpi3b BiKHa CBOE:l KiMHaTH OCTaHHiH pa3 ,li;HBHBC.H Ha Te MiCTO, lll;O 3a6paJio :iioMy cTiJihKH rapHHX ,1\HiB MOJio,u;oro mHTTSI; Ha TOH TeaTp, Ha •l'i 3aJIH H IIaHChKi ,li;OMH, B SIKHX rrpOBiB CTiJihKH HOqeft 6e3 KOpHCTi ,li;JI.H CBOel ,u;yiiii. Terrep BiH 6e3 .maJIIO IIOKH,!\aB yce Te, lll;O 6i6JiiHHHH My,!\peu;b oxapaKTepH3yBaB: "MapHOTa MapHOT, - yce MapHoTa. IIJ,acJIHBHH qoJioBiK, SIKHH He 6amae Hiqoro Bi,u; cBiTy, 6o TaKHH e rraHOM :H:oro; Bci iHIIIi e :H:oro

242

27 momro HeBiJibHHKaMH". :ffi:O,ZJ;HHH me6paK He CKH,ZJ;aB 3 ce6e 3 TaKOIO pa,n;iCTIO CBOel IIO,ll;epTOl CBHTHHH, .HK <l>paHI.J;iCK CKH,ZJ;aB TOrO Be"llopa 3 ce6e CBiH ,n;oporHH O,ZJ;.Hr, y SIKOMY BiH TaK CJiaBHO 3irp~B OCTaHHIO pOJib CBOel CBiTCbKOl Kap'epH. Tiel HO"lli 3aCHYB rrepeMO:>KI.J;eM Ha,ZJ; rrepeMO:>KeHHM CBiTOM. HacTyrrHoro ,n;HSI cepe,n; cBi,n;KiB B"tlopaiiiHhoro TpiyMcpy <l>paHu;icKa CTpiJIOIO IIpOJieTiJia HOBHHa, Ill;O CHH BeJIHKOrO acecopa Ha3aB:>K,ll;H IIOKHHYB 6aTbKiBCbKHH ,n;iM i MiCTO. IIepmi rrpoMeHi coHu;SI 3ycTpiJIH <l>pa.Hu;icKa B:>Ke B ,n;opo3i ,n;o MOHaCTHp.H 0Tu;iB IIacioHicTiB B MoppoBaJie. Crro"llaTKY <l>paHu;icK 3ai:xaB ,n;o JlopeTTO, ,n;e, ari,n;Ho 3 rrepe,n;aHH.HM, 3Haxo,n;HTbC.H xaTHHa IIpecB.HT01 ,lJ;iBH Mapi'i, B SIKiH: Bi,n;6yJIOC.H 6JiaroBiw;eHH.H H: TaeMHH"lle BOIIJIO"lleHH.H Bomoro CnHa. <l>paHu;icK "tJ:acTo 6a"tJ:HB BH.HBH JII06oBi ,n;o Bomo'i MaTepi, aJie TyT, y JlopeTTO, BOHa IIpO.HBJI.HJiaCSI B Ha,ZJ;3BH"llaHHHH CIIOCi6.

CTiHH JiopeTCbKO'i KaiiJIH"tJ:KH 6yJIH BKPHTi rrou;iJiyHKaMR II060:>KHOrO Hapo,n;y, ,ll;OJiiBKa IIOJIHTa lXHiMR CJii3bMH, a BC.H KaiiJIH"tJ:Ka IIOBHRJiaC.H CIIiBaMR, MOJIRTBaMR B,ll;SI"tJ:HOCTi Mapil Ta 11 BomoMy CnHoBi. CBSITiCTh Micu;SI crrpaBRJia Ha <l>paHu;icKa BeJIRKe BpameHHSI. BiH rro"tJ:aB po3,n;yMyBaTR Ha,n; Ta'iHCTBOM BOIIJIO"tJ:eHHSI Bomoro CRHa, w;o CTaJIOCSI 3a,ZJ;JI.H C'iiaciHHSI mo,n;eH:; u;i po3,ZJ;YMH po36y,n;HJIR B H:oro ,n;yiiii BeJIHKHH copoM "llepea cBoe caMOJII06CTBO. Po3"tJ:yJieHRH, 3po6HB TaM crroBi,n;h ychoro cBoro :>KRTT.H i IIpHHH.HB CB. IlpR"llaCT.H, IIiCJI.H "tJ:OrO Bi,ZJ;"liYB ce6e ,n;yXOBHO rri,n;HeceHRM i ,n;yme w;acJIHBHM. Y JlopeTTO <l>paHI.J;iCKOBi ,ll;OBeJIOC.H IIpOHTR HOBe BRIIpo6yBaHH.H IIOCTiHHOCTi B IIOKJIHKaHHi. TaM 6yB CBSIIIl;eHHKOM, IIpHSITeJib 'ixHhoi: po,n;HHH. BiH rrpHHHSIB <l>paHu;icKa 3 Bi,n;KpHTRMR o6iH:M:aMR. Ta KOJIR ,ll;OBi,n;aBCSI, Ill;O BiH l,ZJ;e ,ll;O MOHaCTHp.H, CXOTiB BHIIpo6yBaTH HOro H IIO"tJ:aB p03IIOBi,n;aTR IIpO pi3Hi Tpy,ZJ;HOIIl;i "tlepHe"tJ:OrO CYBOpOrO :>KHTTSI, 6e3 CBiTCbKHX BHrO,ZJ; i p03Bar. HaMOBJI.HB <l>paHu;icKa BepTaTRCSI ,n;o,n;oMy i HaaaBm,n;n 3a6yTH rrpo MOHaCTHp. <l>paHII;iCK YBa:>KHO BHCJiyXaB CJIOBa CB.HIIl;eH:H:Ka, a IIOTiM CKaJaB: ".ff ,ll;OBrO H "tJ:aCTO ,n;yMaB Ha,ZJ; yciM THM, Ill;O BH MeHi Terrep cKa3aJIR . .H rrepeKoHaHRH, ~o Bar KJIH"lle MeHe, TOMY .H He Momy He rrocJiyxaTHCh Mora. ToM:, XTO IIOKJIHKaB MeHe ,n;o TaKOrO :>KRTT.H, ,n;aCTb MeHi TaKO:>K CRJIY :>KHTH TaK, SIK BiH 6amae • .H B:>Ke 3po6RB BR6ip. Momy Bac 3arreBHRTH, w;o 3aBTpa, B TaKRH -qac, SI 6y,n;y B MOHaCTRpi B MoppoBaJie". Ilo"liYBIIIH TaKY Bi,n;rroBi,n;h IOHaKa, CB.HIIl;eHHK IIpOHH3JIRBO rJI.HHYB y HOrO "liOpHi .HCHi O"lli, a, rrpO"liHTaB:qiR B HRX Ill;RpiCTb i He3MiHHY IIOCTaHOBy, CKa3aB: "Mill CHHy, Sl TiJibKH BHIIpo6oByBaB Te6e. l,ZJ;b B iM'.H Bora Ha Mora rroKJIHK!"

243

27 1110Toro

HaeTynHoro ,n;HR, BBe"'epi, KOJIH MOHacT1\pcbKi ,ll;3BOHH 3BeJIH"'yBamr IIpeeBRTY ,ll;iBy Mapho BeqipHiM "AHreJI rocno.n;Hiii", BamKi MOHaeTHpCbKi ,ll;Bepi 3a"'HHHJIHCR 3a «l>paHIJ;ieKOM, Ha Bee mHTTR po3JIY"'HBIIur 11oro 3i eBiToM, 3 ftoro MapHOTOID i1: rpiXOM. B MOHaeTHpi ftoro cep.n;e"'HO npHBiTaB o. Hop6epT. IIicJIH ,ll;OBrOl eep,n;e"'HOl p03MOBH BiH 3aBiB ftoro ,ll;O MaJieHbKOl B60rOl KeJiil, .n;e 3aJIHIIIHB 11oro caMoro 3 HOBHMH BpameHHRMH i1: ,n;yMKaMH. Bee TYT 6yJio He no.n;i6HHM .n;o Toro, .n;o qoro BiH 3BHK y ,ll;OMi CBOrO 6aTbKa, aJie BeJIH"'Ha THIIIa 11 eBRTH11 CllOKi11 6yJIH HaBiHHi "'HMOeb He3eMHHM, 6omecTBeHHHM. Te, IIJ;O 6yJio B CnoJieTTO, 6yJio 6araTe, po3KiiiiHe, npH€MHe ,n;JIR noqyTTiB, 3aTe TYT 6yJio 6mrmtJ:e .n;o He6a. HacTpift ftoro ,n;yiiii B MOHacTHpi 6yB .no,n;i6HHH ,ll;O HaCTpOIO CB. ncaJIMOClliBIJ;R, IIJ;O MOJIHBCH: ".HKi m BOHH JII06i, TBOl IIIaTpa, fOCllO)l;H CHJI! 3HeMarae MOR ,n;yiiia 11 nparHe .n;o ,n;BopiB rocno,n;Hix! Cepn;e Moe i1: TiJio pa.n;iiDTb mHBHM BoroM ... lll,acJIHBi, IIJ;O mHBYTb y TBOIM .n;oMi; BOHH noBiKH Te6e XBaJIRTb!. .. O,n;HH-60 ,n;eHb y TBOlX )l;BOpax JiilliiiHH, Him THCR"'a (,n;eiH,n;e), BOJiilO CTORTH Ha nopo3i ,ll;OMY Bora MOrO, Him y HaMeTaX 6e33aKOHHR JKHTH" (llc 84:2-3, 5, 11).

3 RKHM 0'110KO€M, llO"'YTTRM B,ll;R"'HOCTi i He3eMHOro IIJ;aCTR CXHJIHB KOJiiHa «l>paHIJ;iCK Tiel HO"'i 6iJIR MOHaiiiOl llOCTeJii! BiH 6yB cBi,n;OMHH Taro, IIJ;O "BH6paB KpaiiJ;y tJ:aeTKy". IJ;e ,n;aJio iioMy BeJIHKY llOJierKieTb llO"'HHaTH HOBe mHTTR B MOHaCTHpi. ,ll;HR 21 BepecHR 1856 poKy B eBRTO CTpam,n;aJibHoi: Bomo1 MaTepi CHH BeJIHKoro acecopa IIoceeHTi o,n;RrHyB noKipHy qopHy pRey MOHaxiB "l!HHY 0Tn;iB IIaeioHieTiB. IIi.n; tJ:ac THX o6Jie"'HH «t>paHn;ieK IIoeeeHTi o.n;epmaB HOBe MOHaiiie iM'R: 6paT faBpHlJI Bi,n; CTpam,n;aJihHo'i BoroMaTepi.

CBo'i CBRTi noqyBaHHR, RKi HanoBHHJIH 11oro .n;yiiiy, BiH BHeJIOBHB y JIHeTi; RKHH niCJIR o6JietJ:HH HamreaB )l;O CBOrO 6aTbKa. "Miii: Haii.n;opom"'HH 6aTeHbKY, HaeTaB HapeiiiTi BeJIHKHH ,n;eHb. BeeMoryTHiii Bar .n;oBro KJIHKaB MeHe, a H, HeB)l;R"'HHH, 6yB rJiyXHM )l;O :flora rOJIOCY i .n;aJii po3BamaBcR eBiTebKHMH ,n;HTR"'HMH 3a6aBaMH. O,n;HaK, He3BamaiO"'H Ha Te, ftoro 6e3KOHetJ:He MHJioeep.n;R npeMy.n;po BHKOHaJio eBo'i nJiaHH, i eboro.n;Hi, B eBRTO CTpam,n;aJihHOl IIpe~ tJ:HeTo1 Boropo.n;Hn;i, R 3 HeBHMOBHOID pa.n;icTID o.n;RrHyBcR B l.lepHeqy pRey Ta npHHHRB iM 'R - 6paT faBpHlJI Bi.n; CTpam,ll;aJibHOl BoroMaTepi. ,ll;oporHH 6aTeHhKy, R He maJIKYIO 3a CBO€ mHTTR, HaBnaKH, R ,n;yme 3a)l;OBOJieHJfH eBOlM peJiiriHHHM CTaHOM, MOlM llOKJIHKaHHRM. By.n;hTe neBHi: Koro Bor KJIH"'e .n;o qep~eqoro mHTTR,

244

27 moTOro

TOR O,D;epmye TaKy BeJHIKY JiaCKy, lll;O CJIOBa He B CIIJii BIICJIOBIITII

ll CIIpaB)KHhOl BapTOCTi; a rn;o6 BeCTII ,D;06pe XpiiCTIIHHChKe )KliTTH B cBiTi, TO Tpe6a HKHaR6iJihiiie o6epemHocTi R "<IYRHOCTi. .H rrpoiiiy Bac, ,D;oporiiR 6aTeHhKy, rrporn;eHHH 3a BCHKIIR HerrocJiyx i rrpiiKpicTh 3 Mora 6oKy, a TaKom y cBo1x 6paTIIKi:6 i ,D;o6po1 IIaci<PiKII. IIpoiiiy rrepeKa3aTII MOlM 6paTaM, rn;o6 BOHR He 3acMyqyBaJIR BaC, 60 BR He 3acJiymRJIR Ha Te, a TaKO)K, rn;o6 BOHII JIJ06RJIII O,ll;RH O):IHoro. IIepeKamiTh MRxaceBi, rn;o6 yTiKaB BiA rroraHRX TOBapiiiiiiB, HKi e HaiiiOlO Bi"'IHOIO pylHOIO . .fl 3HaiO ,D;yme ,D;06pe, ,ll;O CKiJihKOX rpiXiB BOHR MO)KYTh CXRJIRTR. MoJiiThCH 3a MeHe i rrpociTh iHIIIRX 3a MeHe MOJIRTRCH, a a He 3a6y,D;y 3ra,z:(aTII BaC y CBOlX MOJIRTBaX. Balli lll;IIPO JII06JIH"'IRR CRH, 6paT raBpiilJI Bi,D; CTpam,D;aJihHOl BoroMaTepi".

Ilpo CBOe IIO,ll;aJihiiie )KRTTH B MOHaCTIIpi BiH TaK 3rO,D;OM IIRCaB ,D;O cBoro 6aThKa: "IJ;hOrO CIIOKOlO R rn;aCTH, HKi H Bi,D;qyBalO y D;RX CBHTRX Mypax, He MomHa rrpRpiBHHTR ,D;O Tiei: MapHOTR R TRX "rrpReMHOCTeR", rn;o 6yJIII y MeHe B CBiTi. By,D;hTe rreBHi, HaR,D;OpOm"'IRR 6aTeHhKy, lll;O H He rrpOMiHHB 6R qBepTh rO,D;RHII, rrpo6yTOl pa30M 3 IIpecBHTOIO MaTip'IO Mapiero, Haiiioro Ha,D;ie10R rroTixoro, Ha :u;iJIRR piK, rrpoBe,D;eHRR y cBaBoJii R cBiTChKIIX po3Barax.

Moe miiTTH e 6e3rrepepBHOIO pa,D;iCTIO. ,l1;Hi R Mica:u;i MRHaiOTh ,D;yme cKopo; a cJiym6a BoroBi TaKa coJIO,D;Ka, rn;o, KpiM Bi"<IHoi: Haropo,D;R, HKY O,D;Horo ,D;HH H Ha,D;iroch o,D;epmaTII Bi,D; Horo 6e3MemHoro MRJiocep,D;H, BiH ,D;ae MeHi 6araTo rroTix . .HKa :u;e JiaCKa - rrepe6yBaTR B ,ll;OMi rocrro,D;a! .flK iHaKIIIe, He3piBHHHHO 6iJihiiie BiA cBiTy, Haiii 6omecTBeHHRR CrracRTeJih Haropo,D;:JKYe cBo1x cJiyr! Hym,D;eHHi R cKopoMRHyrn;i 3eMHi rrpReMHOCTi, HKi 3,D;o6yBaiOTh TaKoiO rrpa:u;ero, MaiOTh rreKeJihHY OTPYTY, HKY Tpe6a 6y,D;e IIRTR B rO):IIIHY CMepTi i HKa rrepe,D;qyTTHM Tiel ripKOCTi, rn;o "<IeKae i:x Ha TOMY cBiTi, rn;o Mae rrpRRTR. Terrep H ,D;o6pe po3yMilO 3Ha"'leHHH TIIX CJiiB, HKi '!aCTO rOBOpRJIII MeHi BR, MOl B"'IRTeJii R iHIIIi, Ta BOHII 3,D;aBaJIIICH MeHi rrycTRM 3BYKOM, a CaMe: Ti, lll;O BCTyrraiOTh ,ll;O MOHaCTRpH, BR6RpaiOTh Kparn;e )KRTTH; IIpR6yBalOTh ,ll;O 6e3rreqHOl IIpRCTaHi, ,D;e BOHR 3aXRlll;eHi Bi,D; 6ypi; 36epemeHi Bi,D; 6araThOX He6e3IIeK i CTaJIR rrepeMO)Kil;HMR cBiTy, TiJia R ,D;RHBOJia. I.IJ;acJIRBRR TOR, xTo 6yB rroKJIRKaHRR ,D;O TaKoro cTaHy R Bi,D;pa3y Bi,D;rroBiB Ha TOR IIOKJIIIK".

BcTyrraiO"<III ,D;O MOHaCTRpH, IOHaKR crro"<IaTKY Bi,D;6yBaiOTh HOBiD;iHT, T~6TO AYXOBHY IIIKOJiy, B HKiR BqaThCH qepHeqoMy miiTTIO, rrocBH"'leHoro Bory, a BO,D;Hoqac MaiOTh qac

245

27

JliOTOfO

• rrepecBi,ZJ;"tJ:liTIICh, 'lJ:ll BOHR XO"tJ:YTh i

3MOJKYTh 6yTM ,ZJ;06pMMll

MOHaXaMM a»<: ,ll;O CMepTi. Ilpo JKIITTH 6paTa faBplllJia B "tJ:aC iforo HOBiii;iHTy, rrpo iforo cep,ZJ;e"tJ:He 6a»<:aHHH CTaTM CBHTMM, IIpO ifOI'O ,ZJ;YXOBHY 6opOTb6y 3 rpixaMM Ta CBiTCbKIIMll 3Bll"tJ:KaMM if HeiipM60pKaHMMll IIpliCTpaCTHMll, :rn;o6 CTaTM ,ll;OCKOHaJIMM Bo»<:MM CJIYI'OIO, HKllif JKMBe TiJihKll ,ZJ;JIH rocrro.n;a if po6MTb yce 3 Jiro6osi

.n;o

Hhoro, csi.n;"tJ:MTh o. Hop6epT, y"tJ:MTeJih HOBMKiB i

.n;yxoBHMif rrposi.n;HMK 6p. faspu'iJia. Ocb HK BiH rrmne rrpo Hhoro: "II.J;o.n;o ifOI'O JKHTTH HK HOBMKa H MO»<:y 3aHBMTll 6e3 JKO,ll;HOI'O Bai'aHHH, ID;O BiH BCTYIIHB ,ll;O MOHaCTllpH 3 CliJibHOIO IIOCTaHOBOIO Bi,ZJ;,ZJ;aTM ce6e IIOBHiCTIO CJiy»<:6i Borosi, 3 CaMOI'O IIO"tJ:aTKY BCi ifOI'O CliJIM6yJIH CIIpHMOBaHi HaTe, :rn;o6 3,ZJ;iifCHMTll II;IO IIOCTaHOBy.

3

BeJIMKOIO peBHiCTIO BiH IIO"tJ:aB BliKOHyBaTM BCi BIIpaBM CBOI'O

HOBOI'O JKIITTH i

po6HB u;e TaK TO'lJ:HO, :rn;o He3a6apOM Ti, ID;O

6a"tJ:HJill u;e, MOI'JIH IIO,ZJ;yMaTH, ID;O BiH IIpO»<:MB y MOHaCTMpi ,ll;OBI'i JiiTa. IJ;e TIIM 6iJihiiie ri.n;He IIO,ll;MBy, HKID;O B3HTII ,ll;O ysarM Te, :rn;o u;e ifOI'O HOBe JKHTTH 6yJIO II;iJIKOM Bi,ZJ;MiHHe Bi,ZJ; TOI'O, HKe BiH IIpOBa,ZJ;MB rrepe.n; BCTYIIOM y MOHaCTllp.

Ilpas.n;a, B "tJ:aC CBOI'O HOBiii;iHTY BiH po6MB 6araTO TaKMX n;pi6HMX IIOMIIJIOK, 3a HKi Tpe6a 6yJIO ifOI'O HaiiOYMJIIOBaTM if 3aKJIMKaTH ,ll;O rrorrpaBH, Ta H He rraM' HTalO, :rn;o6 BiH KOJIMCh ,ZJ;aB MeHi crrpaB»<:HIO rrpM'liMHY, :rn;o6 iforo rroKapaTn. BiH 3aBm.n;n 'lyBaB, :rn;o6 BOpOI' ifOI'O ,ZJ;yiiii He 3aCKO'lJ:liB ifOI'O 3HeHaii;bKa a6o 'lepe3 Heo6epemHiCTb He IIpMBiB ifOI'O ,ll;O ,ZJ;06pOBiJihHOl rrpOBMHll. Xo"tJ:a iforo aosHiiiiHH rroBe.n;iHKa MaJio si.n;pi3HHJiacH si.n; [lOBe,ZJ;iHKll iHIIIIIX HOBHKiB; aJie ifOI'O BHyTpiiiiHi IIO"tJ:yBaHHH 6yJIM raKi I'JIH6oKi, m;o He3a6apoM BiH rrepeBepiiiMB ycix y peBHOCTi if BeJIMKO,ZJ;YIIIHOCTi. Bme rri.n; "tJ:ac Hosiu;iHTY MomHa 6yJio 6a"tJ:MTM B HhOMY sci Ti 'leCHOTM, HKi BiH y HaCTYIIHIIX poKaX p03BHBaB i B,ll;OCKOHaJIIOBaB.

3 CaMOI'O IIO"tJ:aTKY BiH HaMai'aBCH BMepTM,ZJ;JIH

ce6e if IIpM60pKaTM

JIMXi 3Bll'lJ:Kll. lloMy u;e HaCrrpaB,ZJ;i B,ZJ;aJIOCH, BiH HiKOJill He ni.n;.n;aBaBCH JKO,ZJ;HHM IIpliCTpaCHIIM IIO'lJ:YTTHM.

YCe

Te BliKJIMKaJIO BeJIMKMif IIO,ll;HB, a.n;me BiH MaB IIpllpO,ZJ;Hi

3,ZJ;i6HOCTi if BliXOBaHHH, 6iJihiii IIpM,ZJ;aTHi ,ll;O CBiTCbKOl Kap'epM, Eii»<:

.n;o

ycaMiTHeHoro mMTTH 3 XpncToM y

MOHaCTMpChKOMY

VKPMTTi. Bpo.n;JIMBMif, 3 rapHMMH MaHepaMM, BiH rrpocTo 3a"tJ:apoByBaB CBOIX 3HaifOMMX.

:/KMBOl if BeCeJIOl B,ZJ;a"tJ:i,

BiH 6yB

VJI106JieHu;eM CBOI'O OTO"tJ:eHHH. lloro ,ZJ;OTeiiHiCTh, po3yM po6MJIII J;iKaBoro KO»<:Hy po3MOBY. Cepu;e MaB "HimHe if rrosHe crriB"tJ:YTTH

~o aacMy"tJ:eHnx i B6MTMX ropeM. ,n:yme JierKo 3.n;o6ysaB co6i ~osip' H iHIIIHX, :rn;npo 6paB co6i .n;o cepu;H 'ixHi crrpaBM ••• BiH )yB Bi,ZJ;BepTMif i

246

ID;llpllif, TOMY .n;yme He Jno6MB JiyKaBCTBa,

27 ntOToro JIIU.J;eMipCTBa if XHTpOCTi.

XTO II03HaifOMHBC.fl 3 HHM, MaB

6amaHH.fl 3YCTpiTHC.fl 3 HHM 3HOBY if pa,ll;iTH iforo TOBapHCTBOM.

A

BiH yci Ti rrpnpo,ll;Hi ,ll;apyBaHH.fl BHKOPHCTOByBaB ,ll;JI.fl ,ll;YXOBHoro

,ll;06pa cBoe! ,ll;yiiiL :>KBaBiCTh B,ll;aqi ,ll;OIIOMaraJia ifoMy 6yTH BeCeJIHM TO,ll;i, KOJIH ,ll;YXOBHa rrocyxa if OCJia6JieHH.fl ,ll;yXa T.fi:>KiJIH B iforo cepu;i if Bi,ll;6HpaJIH pa,lJ;iCTh.

A

ri,ll;Ha IIOBe,ll;iHKa ,ll;OIIOMaraS:ra

ifoMy 36epiraTH CIIOKiif ,ll;yiiii; iforo CHJihHa OC06HCTiCTb CXHJI.fiJia iHIIIHX ,ll;O rro6omHocTi, mo6oBi ,ll;O lcyca if Mapil. BiH yMiB roBopHTH rrpo Bora if CB.fiTi peqi Ha,ll;xHeHHO i rrepeKOHJIHBO, 6o JII06HB fioro yciM CBOlM cepn;eM. l.JHMaJIO ,ll;YXOBHHX 60IB <f>paHIJ;iCK BiB 3 IIeKeJihHHM BOpOrOM CBOel ,ll;yiiii. l.JaCOM CIIOKYCHHK IIOCHJiaB ifoMy CTpaiiiHi ,ll;YMKH Bi,ll;BepTo if 3YXBaJio; iHIIIHM pa3oM XHTpo rri,ll;cyBaB ifoMy 'ix rri,ll; BHrJI.fl,ll;OM ,ll;06pa, 6amaroqH o6MaHyTH. ll;R 6opoTh6a qacTo 6yJia TaKa 3aB3.fiTa, n:t;O raBpHlJI, Maifme BH6HTHif 3 CHJI, IIpH6iraB ,ll;O MeHe 3a IIi,ll;MOrmo, i MeHi 3,ll;aBaJIOC.fl, n:t;O 3JIHif ,ll;YX HaCJiaB Ha Hhoro Bcro CHJIY rreKJia. IIpoTe BiH 6yB 3aB:>K,ll;H naHoM Ha,ll; caMHM co6oro, i Bopor HiKOJIH He Mir rrpo6HTH yKpirrJieHh iforo ,ll;yiiii. raBpHlJI Bi,ll;BepTO if IIpOCTO Bi,ll;KpHBaB rrepe,ll;i MHOIO BCe Te, ID;O ,ll;iSIJIOC.H B iforo ,ll;yiiii, .fiKHaifToqHiiiie ifiiioB 3a MOIMH rropa,Z~;aMH i

BKa3iBKaMH.

ToMy Boma JiacKa po6HJia iforo 3,ll;aTHHM

rrepeMOrTH yci BOpO:>Ki HaCTYIIH, TO:iK BeCh TOif qac, KOJIH BiH 6yB rri,ll; MOIM rrpoBO,ll;OM, ifoMy He ,ll;OBO,ll;HJIOC.fl oeKapmyBaTH ce6e B .fiKOMYCh rropyiiieHHi rrpaBHJI q}l y He,ll;6aifJIHBOCTi B ,ll;YXOBHHX BrrpaBax".

A

O,ll;HH 3 rro6paTHMiB-HOBHKiB raBpH'iJia BHCJIOBHB rrpo HhOro

OCb TaKi CIIOCTepe:>KeHH.fl: "3 rrepiiiHX ,ll;HiB CBOrO qepHeqoro :iKHTT.fl BiH 6yB TaKHif IIOKipHHif i CYMJiiHHHif, n:t;O He MOrJIO 6yTH :iKO,ll;HOrO CYMHiBy, ID;O BiH 3p06HB IIOCTaHOBY II036yTHCb 3BHqOK, Ha6yTHX y CB1Ti. BiH TaK cTapaBC.fl po3Tpon:t;HTH cBoro rop,ll;iCTh, 6amaHH.fl IIYCTOl CJiaBH, HeTeprreJIHBiCTh, p03,ll;paTyBaHH.fl, HeiiOCTiifHiCTh i Jiro6oB ,ll;O rrpHeMHOCTeif, .fiKi 3aciJIH y iforo cepu;i, ru;o BHrJI.fl,ll;aJIO Haqe 6 yMepTBiHH.fl, .fiK BHyTpiiiiHe, TaK i 30BHiiiiHe, 6yJIO iforo e,ll;HHHM 3aB,ll;aHH.fiM i pa,lJ;iCTIO. 3a KOPOTKHif qac raBpHlJI TaK y3rO,ll;HB cBiif xapaKTep ,ll;O rroKopH if caMo3peqeHH.fl XpHcTa, ru;o Ti, .fiKi 3HaJIH iforo .fiK CBiTChKY JIIO,ll;HHy, 6yJIH 6 He BIIi3HaJIH iforo. BiH BBiB y CBOe :iKHTT.H KO:iKHY qecHOTy; iforo IIOCTiifHiCTh y

Bi,ll;6yBaHHi ycix qepHeqHx BrrpaB 6yJia TaKa He3MiHHa, ru;o

iforo rro6paTHMH ,ll;HByBaJIHC.fl iforo rOTOBHOCTi ,ll;OCKOHaJIO IIpHCTOCyBaTHC.fl ,ll;O :iKHTT.fl IJ;iJIKOM IIpOTHJie:>KHOrO Tiif iforo CBiTCbKOCTi, .fiKa naHyBaJia Ha,ll; HHM n:t;e KiJihKa MiC.fiiJ;iB TOMy."

• 247

27 JliOToro Yrrpo~oBm poKy HOBIIJ;IRTY BiH TaR ~o6pe rri3HaB 3aca~n ~YXOBHOrO mHTTR rrpo .JH060B, yMepTBiHHR H M<1JIHTBy, IIOCJiyX, tiHCTOTy, B6oriCTb Ta iHIIIi MOHaiiii tieCHOTH, a BO~HOtiaC 3p06HB TaKHH BH~HMHH IIOCTYII y 3~o6yBaHHi crrpaBmHbOl CBRTOCTi, liJ;O IIiCJIR 3aKiHtieHHR BHIIpo6yBaJibHOrO CTpOKY OTIJ;i HaCTORTeJii

~03BOJIHJIH HOMY CKJiaCTH

22

BepeCHR

1857 poKy rreprni qepHetii

o6iTH, T06TO CBRTO rrpnpeKTH Ce6e BeCTH B MOHaCTHpi mHTTR eBaHreJibCbKOrO B6omeCTBa, 'IHCTOTH H

IIOCJIYXY 3aKOHHHM

HaCTOHTeJIHM am ,n;o CMepTi. Toro ,ll;HH 6paT raBpHlJI 6yB HaHliJ;aCJIHBiiiiHM IOHaKOM y CBiTi. KomHa JilO,ll;HHa rroKJIHKaHa BHKOHaHHRM cB.

3arroBi,n;eii:

rrpocJiaBHTH Bora ii: 3,n;o6yTH co6i liJ;aCTH B He6i. O,n;HaK e B cBiTi H TaKi OC06H, HKHX Bor KJIHtie ,ll;O BHliJ;OrO mHTTH, 1IJ;06 BOHH He TiJibKH crroBHHJIH 3arroBi~i, ane po6nmr ,n;JIH Bora ii: JIIO,ll;CbKHX • ,n;yrn 1IJ;e liJ;OCb 6iJibiiie. TaKHMH oco6aMH e MOHaxn ii: MOHaxnHi, HKi,

KpiM BHKOHaHHH

3aiiOBi,n;eii:,

3060B' H3YlOTbCH

liJ;e

~o6poBiJibHHM rrpnpetieHHHM He MaTH BJiaCHOrO MaeTKY, He BCTyrraTH B rro,n;pymHiH CTaH, a mHTH B ,ll;OCKOHaJiiH, HerropyiiieHiH tiHCTOTi, KepyBaTHCH B ycix CrrpaBaX HaKa3aMH CBOrO MOHaCTHpCbKOrO HacTOHTeJIH . BoHR rrpocJiaBJIHlOTb Bora, rrpau;IOlOTb Ha~ crraciHHHM CBOel BJiaCHOl ~yrni, a BO~HOtiaC i

CBOlX 6JIHmHiX.

IlOtiHHalOTb~OHH o<l.Jiu;iii:HO TaRe mHTTH TO,n;i, ROJIH CRJia,n;alOTb

CBOIO qepHeqy IIpHCHry, a6o TaR 3BaHi o6iTH B60rOCTi, tiHCTOTH H IIOCJIYXY. BpaT raBpHlJI ~yme u;iHHB i mo6nB Bory IIOCBHtieHe )KHTTR i 3 BeJIHRHM 3aXOIIJieHHHM 3060B'H3yBaBCH CBOlMH qepHetiHMH o6iTaMH -rrpnpetieHHHMH BeCTH TaKe mHTTH am ~0 CMepTi 3ri,n;HO 3 Bi~rroBi~HHM qepHetiHM ycTaBoM-rrpaBHJibHHROM, HRHH RomHOMY "t!nHoBi Ha,n;ae ArrocTOJibCbRa CTOJIHIJ;H . Po6HB BiH u;e ,n;o6poBiJibHO, 3 BeJIHROlO pa~iCTlO, 60 6yB rrepeROHaHHH, liJ;O ~0 TaRoro mnTTR rroKJIHRaB ii:oro Bor Ta liJ;O TaKHM tiHHOM BiH 3Mome 3po6nTn 6araTo ,n;o6pnx crrpaB ,n;JIH

Bomoro

IJ;apcTBa.

IliCJIH CKJia,n;eHHH qepHetiHX o6iTiB 6paT raBpHlJI IIOtiaB BHBtiaTH Rypc <l.JiJIOCO<l.Jil. BiH 6yB ~yme IIHJihHHH y Hayu;i, aJie liJ;e IIHJibHiiiiHH -

y IIJieRaHHi qepHetiHX tieCHOT i crrpaBmHbOl

CBHTOCTi. IlOTiM raBpHlJI BHBtiaB CB. 6orOCJIOB'H y MOHaCTHpi B IcoJia. Ilpo 6paTa raBpHlJia B TOM qac O,ll;HH 3 ii:oro TOBapnrniB no HaBtiaHHlO 3aJIHIIIHB HaM CBOl CIIOCTepemeHHR. BiH IIHIIIe: "<l>paHIJ;iCK 6yB

,n;yme

yBamHHH ,ll;O CBOlX 6paTiB-MOHaXiB • .flR

XTOCb 3aHe~ymaB, raBpHlJI rrepiiiHM 3rpJIOIIIyBaBCH ,ll;O IIOCJiyr XBOpOMy • .flRliJ;O XTOCb MaB HRHHCb KJIOIIiT, BiH rrepiiiHM pHTyBaB i IIOTiiiiaB ii:oro. KOJIH HaCTOHTeJib XOTiB ROrOCh 3 HaC IIORapaTH,

248

27 ntaToro

BiH Bi,n;pa3y 3aCTyiTaBCH 3a TOrO 6paTa i ,ZJ;OTH He 3aCITOKOlOBaBCH, am noKH He nepeKoHaB HaCTOHTeJIH Bee npocTHTH. KoJIH m HaCTOHTeJib He XOTiB, rn;o6 npOBHHa 6yJia 6e3KapHOlO, faBpHl.J{.

CaM 6yB rOTOBHH Bi,n;6yTH Kapy 3a BHHyBaTI.J;H. 3 floro yeT HiKOJIH He BHpBaJIOCH )KO,ZJ;He CJIOBe"LIKO, Ill;O MOrJIO 6 KOrOCb o6pa3HTH. BiH He no,n;aBaB BHrJIH,n;y, HKII.J;O "LIHE:Cb CJIOBO Bpa3HJIO :M:oro ITO"LiyBaHHH . .H "LiaCTO 3aJil06KH BHITpo6oByBaB MOrO TepniHHH, aJie e,n;HHOIO H:oro o6opoHolO 6yJia MHJia ycMilllKa. MH 3ayBamHJIH, :w;o BiH HimHo BlllaHOByBaB lcyca B IIpecBHTi:ti: 8BxapncTiL Moro ,n;yMKH 6yJIH 3BepHeHi ,n;o Icyca B KHBOTi, H:oro cepu;e cnoHyKyBaJio HTH ,n;o BiBTapH, BHJIHBaTH cBoi: rapH"Lii ITO"LiyBaHHH. KoJIH MH npnxo,n;HJIH ,n;o u;epKBH, BiH Bi,n;pa3y HlllOB ,n;o BiBTapH 3 IIpecBHTOIO 8BxapncTielO . KJIHKHYBlllH nepe,n; HHM, THXO BeJIH"LiaB lcyca. BiH cTaBaB ,n;yme 3acMy-qeHHM, KOJIH roBopHB npo ToH: xoJio,n;, 3 HKHM 6araTo KaTOJIHKiB npH:ti:MalOTb IIpecBHTY 8BxapHCTiiO, "LIH npo 3HeBarH H CBHTOKpa,ZJ;CTBa 6e3BipKiB i HeBipHHX xpHCTHHH m;o,n;o XpncTa. BiH ,n;HByBaBcH BeJIHKi:ti: TepneJIHBOCTi i MHJIOCep,ZJ;IO lcyca Ta ITO,ZJ;BOlOBaB CBOl 3YCHJIJIH, m;o6 Haropo,n;HTH XpncTa Ja Ti 3HeBarn. KpiM Toro, BiH -qacTo npHMMaB ,ZJ;YXOBHe CB. IlpH"LiaCTH i 3aOXO"LiyBaB ~0 l.J;bOrO CBOlX no6paTHMiB. Moro cepu;e ropiJio Jil06oB'lO ,n;o CTpam,n;aJihHOI Bomoi: MaTepi". ~eHb y ,n;eHb faBpHlJI CTapaBCH po6HTH ITOCTYIT y KOJKHiH qecHoTi :M: JKHTH TiJihKH ,ZJ;JIH Bora, Bee po6HTH TiJihKH 3 Jil06oBi ,n;o Hboro. I u;e :ti:oMy ru;acJIHBO B,n;aBaJiocH, 6o BiH u;horo ,n;yme 6aJKaB i po6HB yce MOJKJIHBe: MOJIHBCH, BMepTBJIHBCH, ITOHHmyBaB ce6e, pa,ZJ;HBCH 3 ,ZJ;YXOBHHM npoBi,ZJ;HHKOM, rn;o6 TiJibKH ,n;iHTH ii,o CBOel u;iJii. .HKHM ,n;yx MaB faBpHlJI i HK HOrO BiH npo6yBaB npHrn;enHTH iHlllHM, CBi,ZJ;"LIHTb JIHCT ,ZJ;O O,ZJ;HOrO CBiTCbKOrO lllKiJibHOrO TOBapmna: " Miff: ,n;opornH: IlHJIHne, HKm;o TH m;npo 6amaelll cBoro cnaciHHH, TO ocTepira:ti:cH, llpOlllY Te6e, 3JIOrO TOBapHCTBa; ni,n; HKHM H po3yMiiO He TiJihKH THX IOHaKiB, HKi He 3Hal0Tb )KO,ZJ;HOrO CTpHMaHHH, 6e3CTH,ZJ;HHX M aMOpaJibHHX; ni,n; I.J;HM TOBapHCTBOM Sl po3yMiiO TaKOJK THX, SIKi <PaJihlllHBOIO npHH3HIO MomyTh oTpyi:TH :M: 3incyBaTH cepu;e.

He cnilllH ,n;o TeaTpy . .H 3Haro u;e 3 ,n;ocBi,n;y: ,n;yme pi,n;Ko MomHa BHHTH 3 Hhoro, m;o6 He BTpaTHTH Bo»<oi: JiaCKH. He xo,n;H :aa TaHu;i, 6o Ha HHX yce 3MOBJIHE:TbCH npOTH ,n;yllli.

He "LIHTaH: noraHHX KHHJKOK, 6o BOHH MomyTh cnycTOlllHTH cepu;e lOHaKa.

249

27 JltOToro

MiM .n;oporHM Iln;mrre, .a rrpHaHaroc.a To6i a ycie:ro w;npicTIO, • Ill;O .H He 3Hal0, qlf BChOrO MOrO .:>KHTT.H B MOHaCTHpi BHCTaqHTb ,ll;JI.H TOrO, ID;06 BHIIpaBHTH MOl IIOMHJIKH, a rOJIOBHO Ti, ID;O .H 3po6HB qepe3 Ti Bmr~eHa3BaHi qoTHPH peqi. Tn caM rro.n;yMaii:, qlf .H rOBOpiO rrpaB.n;y, 60 TH 6yB 3aB.:>K,ll;H MOlM HaMBipHiiiiHM rrpH.HTeJieM. IlHJIHrre, y cBiTi .a He Mir 6n crracTH CBOIO .n;yrny. Hi, ~e HeMO.:lKJIHBO 6yTH CIIaCeHHHM, KOJIH XTOCh IIpHCJiyxae:TbC.H ,ll;O IIYCTHX p03MOB, .n;o6poBiJihHO Hapa.maE:ThC.H Ha He6e3IIeKH i 3Haxo.n;HTh TaKe TOBapHCTBO, .n;e rraHye: cBiTChKHM .n;yx. CKa.mH MeHi, qn XTOCh Mir MaTH 6iJihrne 3a6aB, Him .a MaB y cBiTi? A Terrep w;o 3aJIHillHJIOCh MeHi 3 ychoro Toro? Hiw;o, KpiM .maJIIO, CTpaxy M HerreBHOCTi. IIocJiyxaM MeHe. H rrpH3Haroc.a, w;o KOJIH 6yB y cBiTi, TO He 3aB.:>K,ll;H BH.HBJI.HB T06i CIIpaB.:>KHi rroqyBaHH.H CBOrO cep~.H; Ta .H 3arreBH.HIO Te6e, w;o choro.n;Hi .a roBopro .n;o Te6e 3 ycie:ro w;npicTIO .HK rrpaB.n;HBHM .n;pyr. H 6a.maro TiJihKH o.n;Horo: w;o6 y TOM JI.aqHHM .n;eHh 3araJibHoro cy.n;y, KOJIH MO.H .n;yrna 6y.n;e crraceHHa, .a Mir 3YCTpiTHC.H 3 T060IO rri.n; IIOKPOBOM Mapi'i.

Ax, MiM .n;oporHM IlHJIHIIe, .HK TH CJiyXaB KOJIHCh MOlX JIHXHX rropa.n;, .a rrporny, 6Jiararo Te6e: He 3JierKoBa.m JIHCTOM CBoro rrpH.HTeJia/.aKHM roBopHTh .n;o Te6e 3i w;nporo cep~.a . .IJ:oporHM IlHJIHIIe, He CMiMC.H 3 MeHe, 60 ~e rOBOpHTh MOE: cep~e. H rrporny B Te6e rrpow;eHH.H 3a Bci ariprneHH.H, .HKi .a Mir T06i .n;aTH. 0, .HK 6H .H XOTiB 3a6paTH Ha3a,ll; BCe Te JIHXe, ID;O .H Mir cKa3aTH Ha Korocb. H rrporny Te6e 3a6yTH Bee Te. IIpocH TaKo.m Bora, w;o6 BiH rrpocTHB MeHi".

HKHM JiacKaBHM .n;o KomHoro, HaBiTh .n;o rpirnHHKiB, .HKHM rroBHHM CB.HTOCTi 6yB faBpH'iJI, 3acBi.n;qyroTh cJioBa 6paTa CHJihBecTpa, .n;orJI.a.n;aqa xBopnx y MOHacTnpi B IcoJii, .HKHM CKa3aB: "HK6H KO.:>KHHM y ~hOMy MOHaCTHpi 6yB TaKHM MHJIHM, IIpHE:MHHM i BCiM 3a,ll;OBOJieHHM, .HK 6paT faBpHlJI, .H He .n;y.me crrirnHB 6n .n;o He6a".

3pOCTaiOqlf B CB.HTOCTi, 6paT faBpHlJI 3aKiHqlfB CB. 6orOCJIOB'.H. Ha Pi3.n;Bo 1861 poKy MaB 6yTH BHCB.aqeHHM Ha cB.am;eHHKa. O.n;HaK y TOM qac, KOJIH Moro 6paTH-MOHaxH rrpHcTyrrHJIH .n;o cB.aqeHh, BiH y.me BTirnaBc.a BiqHHM w;acT.HM y He6i. IIpocTy.n;HBIllHCh i rrepeHiCillH Ha,ll;3BHqaMHO TeprreJIHBO BCi 6oJii He.n;yrH, IIOMep 27 JIIOTOrO 1862 poKy, Ha 24 po~i .:>KHTT.H, rrpO.:>KHBill¥1 6 JiiT y MOHaCTHpi. BeJIHKY CB.HTiCTh 6paTa faBpHi:rra Bi.n; CTpa.m.n;aJihHO'i BoroMaTepi rrpocJiaBHB Bor pi3HHMH qy.n;aMH, 3aB,ll;.HKH .HKHM

250

27 1110Toro

XpHCTOBHR HaMiCHHK rrporoJIOCHB :H:oro 1908 poKy BJia.meHHHM, a 1920 poKy - CBaTHM. BiH "BH6paB Kpam;y "l£aCTKy", aKa He Bi~6epeTbCH Bi~ HbOrO. 27

JIIOTOrO

CB.HTHH ITPOKIIT ,ZJ;EKAITOJIIT llOXO~HB CB. llpOKiii 3 Tiel "l£aCTHHH llaJieCTHHH, ID;O MaJia Ha3BY ,[I;eKaiiOJiiC- Bi~ 10 MiCT, HKi 6yJIH 3HaXO~HJIHCb Ha CXi~ Bi~ raJIHJieRCbKOrO oaepa. 3 paHHbOl MOJIO~OCTi JIID6HB CB. llpoKiii "l£HCTe, BMepTBJieHHe .mHTTH, R 6yB m;aCJIHBHR, IIJ;O Mir cJiy.mHTH Bory MOHaiiiHM )KifTTHM. KoJIH B TOR "l£ac (VIII cT.) rpeu;bKHR iMrrepaTop JleB IcaBp IIO"l£aB rrepecJii~yBaTH rrpaBOBipHHX aa BIIIaHOByBaHHH CB. 06pa3iB, CB. llpoKiii, HeiiOXHTHHR CTOBII XpHCTOBOl BipH, My.mHbO R 6ea6oa3HO BHCTYIIHB IIpOTH iKoHo6opcTBa. CJioBoM cB. rrpaB~H rrepeMaraB CB. llpOKiii XHTpi poa~yMyBaHHa epeTHKiB Ta aacopoMJilOBaB 1x rrepe~ Hapo~oM. THM BHKJIHKaB Ha ce6e rHiB iMrrepaTopa, HKHR HaKaaaB yB 'aaHHTH if oro i1: 6earrom;a~Ho 6HTH, ~parraTH if oro TiJio aaJiiaHHMH raKaMH, a rroTiM BKHHYTH ~o TeMHHu;i. Bci TeprriHHa 3HOCHB cB. TipoKirr paaoM ai CB. BacmiieM, BipHHM rro6paTHMOM :H:oro MOHaiiioro .mHTTa. MyqHBca cB. TipoKirr y B'aaHHu;i ai CBOIMH TOBapHIIIaMH He~OJii ~0 CMepTi iMrrepaTopa JleBa. PeiiiTY cBoro .mHTTa rrpoBiB rrperro~o6HHR cB. TipoKirr y THIIIHHi MOHaCTHpa cepe~ MOJIHTBH R ~YXOBHHX BIIpaB. Bi~iRIIIOB ~0 XpHCTa B rJIH60Kiif CTapOCTi, 6araTHR Ha aacJiyrH aa CBOE: cyBope MOHaiiie .mHTTa i1: TeprriHHa XpHCTOBoro BH3HaBu;a, aKHR ~o KpoBi 6opoBca aa cBaTy crrpaBy .

• 251

28---29 JliOTOro

CBHTHH BACHJIIH BH3HABEI);h

•

JKRTT.H CB. BacRJii.H, .HKoro 3BeJIRtiyeMo u;horo ,n;H.H, 6yno TiCHO rroB'.H3aHe 3 .>KRTT.HM cB. Ilpmwrra. 06R,n;Boe cny.mRJIR Bory B MOHaCTRpi, 06R,ll;BOE: 6yJIR HeiiOXRTHi B CB. Bipi, .HKY BR.HBRJIR 3a qaciB iMIIepaTopa JleBa IcaBpa, .HKRH rrepecni,n;yBaB rrpaBoBipHRX 3a BIIIaHyBaHH.H cB. o6pa3iB. Y TOM qac cB. BacRni:H: 3i CB. IlpoKOIIOM 6ynR 3a TY cB. crrpaBy yB'.H3HeHi :H: aaaHaJIR MyK. Ilicn.H CMepTi iMrrepaTopa BOHR BRHIIIJIR Ha BOJilO. PeiiiTY CBOro .>KRTT.H rrpoBeJIR Ha caMoTi cepe,n; MOJIRTBR :H: BeJIRKoro caMoapetieHH.H. 3aKiH'IHB CB. Bacnni:H: BH3HaBeu;h cBoe rrpaBe,n;He .mRTT.H IIpR6JIH3HO 74 7 poKy. , 29

JIIOTOro

CBHTHH IBAH KACIHH CB. IBaH Kaci.HH, o,n;RH 3 6aThKiB cxi,n;Horo qepHeu;TBa, HapO)l;HBC.H IIpH6JIR3HO 360 poKy B €rRIITi a6o, rrpaB)l;OI10)l;i6Hiiiie, B II;apropo,n;i. 3aMono,n;y BiH o,n;ep.maB ,n;o6py ocBiTy. Pa3oM ai CBOIM ,n;pyro~ fepMaHOM BH6paJIRC.H B MaH,n;piBKY ,ll;O IlaJieCTHHR Bi,n;Bi,n;aTR CB. MiCIJ;.H. Y BmpJieeMi BCTYIIRJIH ,ll;O MOHaCTHp.H; Bi,n;Bi,n;aJIR CB. IIYCTHHHHKiB - CJiaBHHX repo'iB y CKRTChKiM IIYCTHHi, .HKi M8JIH BeJIHKe IIOCJiaHHHIJ;TBO ,ll;JI.H CBiTy, MOJIHJIHC.H aa Bcix mo,n;e:H:, a ronoBHe - ,n;aBaJIH ,n;o6pnif rrpHKJia,n; i HayKy, HaBiTh ,ll;JI.H IIi3HiiiiHX IIOKOJiiHh. ,r:.t;oBrO .>KHJIH 06H,n;Ba ,n;pyai cepe,n; IIYCTHHHRKiB, Mi.>K rap.H'IHMH Bi,n; coHu;.H cKeJI.HMH erRrreTChKO'i rrycTHHi. BJIH3hKO 400 poKy BOHR BepHyJIHC.H ,n;o II;apropo,n;a, ,n;e cTaJIH ytiH.HMR cB. IBaHa 3onoToycToro; .HKHH aro,n;oM i BHCB.HTHB Kaci.HHa Ha ,n;H.HKOHa. KoJIH 403 poKy BOporn CB. 3onoToycToro HecrrpaBe,n;JIHBo ycyHyJIR iforo a rraTpiapiiioro rrpecTony, u;apropo,n;chKe ,n;yxoBeHCTBO rrocnano cB. Kaci.HHa ,n;o PnMa BRKJiaCTH Ilarri cB . IHoKeHTieBi I rrpaB,n;HBY iH<PopMau;iro rrpo rro,n;i'i B II;apropo,n;i. IIpaB,n;orro,n;i6Ho, rri,n; qac rrepe6yBaHH.H B PnMi a6o, Mo.me, B Mapcnnii:, cB. Kaci.HH 6yB BHCB.H'IeHHH Ha CB.HIIJ;eHHKa. 'llepe3 12 niT y rriB,n;eHHiii fanni'i, B MicTi MapcHJii'i, cB. Kaci.HH 3aCHyBaB ,ZJ;Ba MOHaCTHpi, 'IOJIOBi'IHM i .>KiHO'IHM; u;epKBa IIpH ;. 'IOJIOBi'IOMy MOH8CTRpi 6yJia a6y,n;OBaHa Ha,n; rpo60M CB. MyqeHRKa BiKTopa. TaM, aa rrpHKJia,n;oM i HaBtiaHH.HM cB. Kaci.HHa, ,n;yxoM MOHaiiiOrO .>KHTT.H CJiaBHRX erHIIeTChKRX 6oroBrO,ZJ;HRKiB IIpOMMaJIOC.H 6araTo ,n;yiii. ,r:.t;JI.H IIOB'IaHH.H if rrpoBo,n;y CBoi:x MOHaxiB

252

29

JltoTOfO

cB. Kaci.HH Hann:caB "HacTaBJieHH.H npo MOHarne mn:TT.H" :H: ""lln:TaHH.H npo ern:neTChKHx MOHaxiB". Ti ,n;yxoBHi TBopn: MaJin: 6iJihiiiHH BTIJIHB Ha ,n;yrni, Him caM aBTop cno,n;iBaBc.H, a CB. BeHe,n;n:KT 6yB Tiei: ,n;yMKH, :w;o "IIpaBn:Jia CB. Bacn:JiiR", "JKn:TTR oT:u;iB" i TBopn: cB. KaciRHa 6yJin: nicJIR Bi6Jiil HaiiBi,n;noBi,n;Hirnn:M 'tiHTaHHRM ,ll;JI.H MOHaXiB i MaJIH Haii6iJibiiiHH BTIJIHB Ha MOHai.IJ'i npaBHJia cB. BeHe,n;HKTa. KoJIH epech HecTopiR cTaJia nornn:piOBaTHC.H Ha Cxo,n;i, Pn:MChKHH apxi,n;n:RKOH JleB, Ma:H:6yTHiii IIana, npocn:B CB. KaciRHa, B3RTHCR 3a nepo ,n;JI.H o6opoHn: npaBoBipHOCTi npoTn: HOBO! epeci. To,n;i CBRTHH Hann:caB ciM KHn:moK (npn:6JIH3HO 431 p.) npo BOTIJIO'tleHHR Bomoro Cn:Ha. CB. KaciRH 3aJIHIIIHB HaM :u;iHHy cna,n;:w;n:Hy - cBo1 ,n;yxoBHi TIHCaHHR. lJ;iKaBi BOHH ,ll;JIR Hac OTIHCOM jKJiTTR ,n;aBHiX CXi,ll;HHX MOHaXiB. Y CBOlX "HacTaBJieHHRX" BiH 3a3Ha'tlae, :rn;o pRCa THX repo1B 6yJia TipOCTa, 3 KOpOTKHMH pyKaBaMH, CJiymn:Jia TiJihKH ,n;JI.H npn:KpHTT.H HaroTn:. MoHaxn HOCHJIH no.Hcn: :H: KanTypn:, 3 B3YTT.fl - TiJihKH CaH,n;aJii, .R:Ki BOHH CKH,ll;aJIH, KOJIH ni,n;XO,ll;HJIH ,n;o BiBTapR. KoJin: Bn:xo,n;n:Jin: Ky,n;n:cb 3 MOHacTn:pR, TO 3aBm,n;n: 3 TI8JIHIJ;eiO B pyKaX, JIKa 03Ha'tlaJia, IIJ;O BOHH Ha 3eMJii - TiJihKH no,n;opomHi. MoHaxn: Bi,n;piKaJin:c.H BChoro, npa:u;IOBaJin: cBo1Mn: BJiaCHHMH pyKaMn: :H: mn:Jin: y nocJiyci. MaJin: npn:3Ha'tleHi oKpeMi ro,n;n:Hn: Ha cniJihHi 6orocJiym6n: :H: iHrni ,n;yxoBi mq:)aBn:. XTo xoTiB BCTYTIHTH ,ll;O MOHaCTlipR, MyCiB ,ll;OKa3aTH · CBOIO TepneJIHBiCTh, TIOKOpy, norop,n;meHH.H CBiTOM Ta rOTOBHiCTh TipOMTH CyBope BHTipooyBaHHR. JKo,n;eH HOBHK He MaB npaBa ,ll;8Tli CBOrO M8HHa MOHacTn:peBi, B RKOMY BiH nepe6yBaB. IIeprnoiO HayKoiO, RKY ,n;aBaJIH MOHaXOBi, OYJIO npn:60pKyBaHHR npHCTpaCTeH, 3pe'tleHH.H BJiacHo1 BOJii :H: nocJiyx HaCTORTeJieBi. TaKn:M 'tiHHOM MOHax TI030yBaBC.fl Bipn: B ce6e B CB01 3,ll;iOHOCTi, B'tleHiCTb 'tlli TaJiaHT, r:u;o MorJio ni,n;Tpn:MyBaTn: :H:oro npn:xoBaHy rop,n;icTh, 3apo3yMiJiiCTh. MoJio,n;i MOHaxH 1Jin: TiJihKH BapeHe 3iJIJI.H 3 ciJIJIIO. CB. Kaci.HH pa,n;HTh noMipKoBaHi, aJie nocTii1:Hi nocTH. llpo 'tiHCTOTY Kame, :w;o 11 MomHa 3,n;o6yTn: TiJihKH 3a oco6JIHBOIO BomoiO JiacKoiO, BH6JiaraTH cep,n;e'liHOIO MOJIHTBOIO, oTpn:MaTH 'tlyBaHHRM i nocToM. OcTaHHR npn:cTpacTh, .HKY Tpe6a nepeMorTH, - :u;e nycTa CJiaBa, JIKa npOJIBJI.HE:TbC.fl HaBiTh y nepeM03i Ha,n; HeiO CaMOIO. Y cBo1x ""lln:TaHHRx" cB. Kaci.HH HaBo,n;wrh noB'tlaHHJI HaiiMy,n;pirnHx i HaH,n;OCBi,n;'lleHiiiiHX MOHaXiB, 3 RKHMH BiH 3YCTpi'tlaBC.H B €rHTITi. MeTOIO MOHaXa, 38,ll;JIR RKOl BiH Bi,n;piKCR )KHTT.H y CBiTi, e ,ll;OCKOHaJia 'tlliCTOTa cep:u;R, 6e3 RKOl HiXTO He TIOOa'tiHTb Bora B cJiaBi, He Bi,n;'llye :H:oro npHcyTHOCTi B IJ;hOMY 3eMHOMY

253

29 moTOro )KHTTi. I.I:(o6 ii 3,ll;06yTH, MOHaX MYCHTb 3pel\THCH CBiTy, BCiX ROrO p03KOIIIeif Ta 6araTCTB; MYCHTb yMepTH B C06i CaMOMy, II036yBIIIHCb ycix rpixiB i XH6, Bi,n;BepHyBIIIH CBOE: cepu;e Bi)l; 3eMHHx, BH,ll;HMHX pe-qeif, a 3BepHyTHCH ,n;o ,n;yxoBHHX- BomHx. Ko;m Brra,n;e 3acJioHa rrpHcTpacTeii, O'li po3yMy IIO'IHYTb u;iJIKOM rrpHpo,n;Ho po3,n;yMyBaTH rrpo Bomi Ta'iHCTBa, ru;o 3aBm,n;H He3p03yMiJii if TeMHi )l;JIH THX, IIJ;O MaiOTb TiJibKH TiJieCHi O'li, cepu;H HKHX 3aTeMHeHi rpixoM. Te O'IHIIJ;eHHH cepu;H Bi,n;6yBaeTbCH 'lepe3 IIJ;HpHii maJib, YMePTBiHHH if caMo3pe'leHHH, a TaKom -qepe3 CHJibHY IIOKOpy, 60 Ha Hiif r'pyHTYIOTbCH BCHKi ,n;yXOBHi 'leCHOTH. I.I:(o6 rrepeMorTH rpix, cB. Kachm pa,n;HTb IIJ;Hpo BHHBJIHTH cBo'i CIIOKYCH rrepe,n; HaCTO.HTeJieM, 60 BH.HBJieHi CIIOKYCH TpaTHTb CBOlO CHJIY. BoHH ,n;oTH CHJibHi, ,n;oKH 3axoBaHi B cepu;i. TaKHM 'IHHOM MOHaXH '!aCTO 3BiJibH.HJIHCH Bi,n; CIIOKYC rroma,n;JIHBOCTi R He'IHCTOTH. A.Jie Bci Ti BIIpaBH TiJibKH rri,n;rOTOB'Ii; OCHOBHa lXH.H MeTa i MOHaiiia )l;OCKOHaJiiCTb IIOJIHralOTb y IIOCTiRHiR MOJIHTBi if 3Jiyu;i 3 BoroM, HacKiJibKH u;e Harniii JIJO)l;CbKiii HeMo'li MOmJIHBe. TaKoro ,n;yxy MOJIHTBH He MomHa oc.HrHyTH 6e3 CHJibHoro maJIJO, O'IHIIJ;eHH.H cepu;.H Bi,n; ycboro 3Jioro Ta 6e3 rrpOCBi'leHH.H CBHTHM ,ll;yXOM, IIpOMiHH.H HKOrO He MOme BBiRTH ,n;o He'IHCToro cepu;.H. ,ll;yrna rro,n;i6Ha ,n;o rrip'i:HH, .HKa 3aB,n;.HKH cBo'iii JierKocTi, rri,n;HOCHTbC.H 3a HaiiMeHIIIHM rro,n;yBOM BiTpy; Ta KOJIH HaMO'IHTbCH, - rra,n;ae Ha 3eMJilO. ,ll;yx MOme rri,n;HeCTHC.H ,n;o Bora TiJibKH To,n;i, KOJIH He o6THmeHHR 3eMHOJO myp6o10 if 3irrcyTT.HM. CB. KaciHH pa,n;HTb '!acTo 3BepTaTHCH ,n;o rro6omHHX 3iTxaHb, HKi -qyeMo B IJ;epKBi, HK HarrpHKJia,n;: "Icyce, CHHY BomHii, rroMHJiyii MeHe! IlpecBHTa.H Boropo,n;Hu;e, crracH Hac!" ByTH ,n;o6pHM, ,n;ocKoHaJIHM xpHCTHHHHHOM - 03Ha'lae 'lepe3 O'IHIIJ;eHHH R rri,n;HeCeHH.H p03YMY ,ll;O ,n;yXOBHHX pe-qeif rrepeMiHHTH )KHTT.H B O,ll;HY MOJIHTBY i JIJ060B, 6amaHHH R HaMaraHHH cepu;H CKiH'IHTH B Bo3i. B Tiii 3Jiyu;i 3 rocrro,n;OM -qepe3 Jil060B ,n;yrna Mae o6pa3 Maii6yTHboro ru;acTH if rrepe,n;cMaK crriBmHTTH 6JiameHHHX. 3aKiH'IHB rrperro,n;o6HHii cB. KaciHH cBoe Bory rrocB.H'IeHe mHTT.H, Ma6yTb, y MOHaCTHpi CB. BiKTopa B MapcHJii'i, rrpH6JIH3HO 433 poKy.

BEPE3EHb 1 6epe3HR

CBHTA £B]l;OKIH HaftrapHiiiiOIO 3 ycix ,ll;iB"llaT y MiCTi reJiiOIIOJii, :w;o B K~IJIHcHpil, y JlHBaHCI>Kiii ,li;OJIHHi, 6yJia cBoro "'I~ caMap.HHKa

8B,li;OKi.H. Xo"ll y MicTi 6yJio 6araTo xpHCTH.HH, Ta M~JIO,ll;a KpacyH.H ,li;OBro Hi"lloro He "llyJia rrpo XpHcTa i xpHCTH.HHCbKe mHTT.H. Ha,li;3BH"llaHHa Kpaca 8B,li;OKil 3po6HJia 3 He'i Ha:ii6iJII>IIIY rpirnHHII;IO B MiCTi i O,li;HO"lJaCHO - BeJIHKY 6ara"'IKY. Cepe,ll; 3a6aB i po3KOIIIiB €B,li;OKi.H He AYMaJia rrpo Bora. Ta AYMaB rrpo He'i Bor i B cBoeMy MHJiocep,ll;i roTyBaB ,li;JI.H He'i BeJIHKY JiacKy HaBepHeHH.H. IIocJiymHBC.H BiH y :u;ift crrpaBi CBO'iM BipH~M CJiyrOIO. repMaH, HaCTO.HTeJib "lJOJIOBi"'IOrO if .miHO"lJOrO MOHaCTHpiB, rrpH6yB .HKOCb ,li;O MiCTa if 3aHO"llyBaB B O,li;HOMY ,li;OMi. BHo"lli, .HK 3aB.m,li;H, ,li;OBro MOJIHBC.H if "tJHTaB BroJioc CB.HTe IlHCbMO rrpo Bo.m.Hii cy,ll;, Kapy 3a rpixH Ta Bi"tJHe :w;acT.H rrpaBe,li;HHX. A KiMHaTa repMaHa 6yJia rropy"ll 3 IIOMeiiiKaHH.HM €B,li;OKi'i. roJIOCHe "lJHTaHH.H repMaHa po36y,li;HJIO BHO"lli €B,li;OKiiO, BOHa IIO"llaJia IIpHCJiyXaTHC.H ,li;O HbOrO. HacTyiiHOro ,li;H.H €B,li;OKi.H IIOKJIHKaJia repMaHa ,li;O ce6e i IIOIIpOCHJia HOrO IIO.HCHHTH lH yce Te, :w;o BiH yHO"lli "lJHTaB. 3a Bo.moiO JiaCKOIO p03MOBa 3 repMaHOM TaKe CHJibHe BpameHH.H crrpaBHJia Ha He:w;acHy €B,li;OKiiO, :w;o BOHa, 3BopyrneHa ,li;O rJIH6HHH AYIIIi, rrpHrraJia ,li;O M:oro Hir i rrpocHJia, :w;o6 BiH crrac 'i'i AYIIIY Bi,ll; Bi"li.HOl 3arH6eJii. repMaH CKa3aB 'iii 3aiipOCHTH O,li;HOro

255

1 6epe3HR

3 Mic~eBHX CB.Hlll;eHHKiB. 3a lXHbOIO CIIiJI~OIO IIOpa,ll;OIO BOHa ciM .n;HiB Hi 3 KHM He 3YCTpi"l!aJiaca, TiJihKH MOJIHJiaca :H p03,ll;YMYBaJI8 H8,ll; CBOlMH rpixaMH, Ill;06 T8KHM "l!HHOM IIpHrOTyBaTHC.H .n;o rri3H8HH.H :H npHHH.HTT.H Eo)i<01 JiacKH. KoJIH rricJia ceMH ,ll;HiB fepMaH 3i CB.Hlll;eHHKOM Bi,ll;Bi,ll;aJIH 8B,ll;OKiiO, TO no6a'-IHJIH BeJIHKY 3MiHy B HiH. Ilepe.n; HHMH 6yJia 6i,ll;HO B,ll;.HrHeHa Ka.HHHH~.H, "'!He Cepu;e Bi,ll;BepHyJIOC.H Bi,n; CBiTy i iforo rpilliHOl po3KOIIIi , a cno"l!HJIO B Eo3i, .HKHH npHHH.HB ii, .HK .n;pyry Mar.n;aJIHHy, 3a CBOIO BH6paHy cJiyry, w;o MaJia rrpocJiaBHTH Horo cBoi:M mHTT.HM i cMepTIO. HeB,ll;OB3i errHCKOII Teo.n;oT Bi.n;po,ll;HB .AYlliY 8B.L(OKii: CB. Xpnm;eHH.HM .n;o HoBoro m.HTT.H B XpncTi, rricJia "'!oro BOHa po3.n;aJia BeCh CBiH MaCTOK y6orHM, a ~aMa IIO"l!aJia MOJIHTBOIO i IIOCTaMH, CJib03RMH i JII060B'IO CIIJia"l!yBaTH 6opr CBOCl MOJIO,ll;OCTi. KoJIH iryMeH fepMaH no6a"l!HB BeJIHKY if Ill;Hpy 3MiHy B mHTTi 8B,ll;OKii:, 3a6paB ll ,L(O miHo"l!oro MOHaCTHpa :H nocTpHr y "l!epHnu;i. TaM cecTpa CB.n;oKia mHJia T8K CB.HTO, Ill;O CBOCIO no6omHiCTIO nepeBHill;HJI8 :BCiX iHlliHx cecTep. BoHH TaK noJIIOCB. E:B,L(OKI.H 6HJIH 11, w;o nicJI.H cMepTi 'ixHh01 iryMeHi BH6paJIH CB. 8B,ll;OKiiO cBoeiO HaCTO.HTeJibKOIO, a Eor Ha.AiJIHB 11 .n;apoM "l!Y.AOTBOpeHh. Iloca.n;HHK MicTa feJiionoJI.H, noraHHH ABpeJiiii, .n;oBi.L(aBlliHCh, Ill;O 8B,ll;OKi.H BCTYIIHJia ,ll;O MOHaCTHp.H, .n;yMaB, Ill;O BOH8 3a6paJia 3 co6mo 11: yBech cBiH BeJIHKHH MaeToK. BiH rrocmrn Ty.n;n CHHa 3 Bi.L(.n;iJIOM BiHChKa, m;o6 CB,n;oKiiO 3 yciM 11 30JIOTOM npHBeJIH .n;o Hboro. AJie .n;opormo .L(O MOHaCTHP.H CHH panToBo no:Mep. 3a nopa,L(OIO CBOlX pa,ll;HHKiB ABpeJiiH 3BepHyBC.H ,L(O CB. 8B,ll;OKi'i Ta npocHB y Hei: noMo"lli. CB.HTa noMOJIHJiaca, i Eor noBepHyB B:oro CHHOBi mHTT.H. IIo6a"l!HBlliH Ta:Ke "l!y.n;o, ABpeJii:H 3 ycie10 pi.n;HeiO

256

2 6epe3H51 rrpuil:H.HB X puc ToBy Bi py. 3ro,z:r;oM CHH rroca,z:r;HHKa cTaB errucKorroM, a ,li;O"LJ:Ka reJiaCi.H BCTYIIHJia ,li;O MOHaCTlip.H, .z:r;e CB. €B,li;OKi.H 6yJia iryMeHero.

HacTyiiHHH yrrpaBHTeJih reJiiOIIOJI.H ,I(ioreH HaKa3aB CHJIOIO IIpHBeCTH ,li;O ce6e CB. iryMeHIO Ha cy.z:r;, .z:r;e CB. €B,li;OKi.H CMiJIHBd' BH3HaJia XpucTOBY Bipy. To.z:r;i ,I(ioreH 3BeJiiB "LJ:OTHphoM BO.HKaM CHJihHO 6HTH 11 rraJIHD;.HMH. AJie Bor rrpocJiaBHB CB. €B,z:r;oKiro TaKHMH BeJIHKHMH "LJ:y,z:r;aMH, lll;O ,I(ioreH HaBepHyBC.H, IIpliHH.HB cB. Xpurn;eHH.H i cTaB peBHHM BH3HaBn;eM XpucToBoi: BipM. IliCJI.H TOrO CB. €B,li;OKi.H CIIOKiHHO IIOBepHyJiaC.H ,li;O MOHaCTHp.H, 3Bi,z:r;KM ,z:r;aJii rroumproBaJia cB. Bipy. KoJIH rrpo n;e ,z:r;oBi,z:r;aBc.H HaCTYIIHHK ,I(ioreHa, BiHKeHTiH, TO IIOCJiaB ,li;O MOHaCTHp.H BO.HKiB, rn;o6 3apy6aJIH ll Me"LJ:eM. IloKa.HHHOrO »<HTT.H IIiCJI.H CB. Xpurn;eHH.H rrpomuJia cB. rrperro.z:r;o6HoMy"LJ:eHHD;.H €B,z:r;oKi.H 56 poKiB. MytieHHD;hKMH: BiHen;h rrpuH:H.HJia 1 6epe3H.H 120 poKy.

2 6epeaHH

CBHTIIH TEO,li;OT CB. Teo,z:r;oT 6YB rn;acJIHBOIO ,z:r;MTMHOIO, 6o MaB .z:r;o6pnx 6aThKiB, .HKi 3 ,li;HTHHCTBa IIpliB"LJ:HJIH HOrO ,li;O MOJIMTBH H x,PHCTH.HHChKOrO mHTT.H. MoJio,z:r;uH: Teo,z:r;oT BH3Ha"LJ:aBc.H He TiJihKM .z:r;yxoM xpucTH.HHChKOl rro6omHocTi, ane H: arrocTOJihChKOl peBHOCTi, TOMY rri.z:r; "LJ:ac cBoro rrepe6yBaHH.H Ha ocTpoBi Kirrpi HaBepHyB "LJ:HMaJio rroraH .z:r;o XpucToBoi: Bipu. 3a Te BH6panM H:oro Jro,z:r;oM errucKorroM MicTa KupuHel. KoJiu iMrrepaTop JliKHHiH: rro"LJ:aB rrepecJii,z:r;yBaTH xpucTH.HH, o,z:r;uH 3 H:oro rri,z:r;JierJIHX, Ha iM'.H CaBHH, HaKa3aB yB'.H3HHTH cB. Teo,z:r;oTa. ,I(oBi,z:r;aBIIIHCh rrpo n;e, CB. Teo,z:r;oT caM 3rOJIOCHBC.H .z:r;o Hhoro i CKa3aB: "H .z:r;o6poBiJihHO cTaro rrepe.z:r; cy,z:r;oM, rn;o6 BH3HaTM CBoro Bora, lcyca XpucTa, .HKOMY cJiymy". To.z:r;i CaBHH 3BeJiiB 6HTH H:oro IIaJIHD;.HMM, a KOJIH CB.HTHH yce Te TeprreJIHBO 3HiC, MytiHTeJih HaKa3aB rn;e pBaTH HOrO TiJIO 3aJii3HHMH raKaMM, m;o am KOCTi 6yJio BH,z:r;Ho. Cepe.z:r; TaKoi: T.HmKoi: MYKH cB. Teo,z:r;oT rap.H"LJ:e MOJIHBC.H H rOJIOCHO IIpOCMB rn;e T.H)K"LJ:HX MyK, .HKi XOTiB BHTeprriTH 3 JIIo6oBi .z:r;o XpucTa. KoJIH m rricJI.H Toro HaKa3aB CaBHH Bi,z:r;BeCTH rroKaJii "LJ:eHoro BJia,z:r;uKy .z:r;o B' .H3HHn;i, CB.HTHH .z:r;opororo roBopuB .z:r;o rroraH: "He ,z:r;yMaH:Te, rn;o MOl MYKH 6y,z:r;yTh 6e3 Haropo.z:r;u, 6o .HK 3eMHHH iMrrepaTop BHHaropo.z:r;mye BO.HKa, lll;O 3a,li;JI.H HhOrO rrpOJIHBaB KpOB, TO HaCKiJihKH 6iJihiiiOIO 6y.z:r;e Haropo.z:r;a HegecHoro ~ap.H, ,li;JI.H .HKoro .H, xo"LJ: Heri,z:r;HuH:, TeprrJiro".

257

3 6epe3Hs:l

l.lepea n'.HTh ,n;HiB HaKa3aB CaBMH 3HOBY npH'BeCTM CB. Teo,n;oTa Ha cy,n;, MaiO'IM Ha,n;iiO, ITJ;O BiH, 3JiaMaHMH nonepe,n;HiMM MyKaMM, Bi,n;.n;acTh 'IeCTh noraHChKMM 6oraM. KoJIM m CBHTMH ,n;aJii cJiaBMB XpMcTa :i1: He 3BepTaB yBarM Ha mo,n;Hi norpoaM, poaJiro"l!eHMH CaBMH 3BeJiiB B6MTM CB.HTOMY B cTynHi :o;BHXiB i TaK xo,n;MTM, a ITOTiM ITOKJiaCTM HOrO Ha 3aJii3He JiimKO Ta p03ITaJIMTM ni,n; HMM BoroHh. CB. Teo,n;oT HaBiTh He 30HKHyB, TiJihKM cep,n;e'IHO BroJioc MOJIMBCH: "0T'Ie He6eCHMH, ,n;a:ti: MMp TBOlH CB. IJ;epKBi, ID;06 CMJia xpecTa nepeMorJia noraHCTBO Ta ID;06 yci niaHaJIM :i1: npocJiaBJI.HJIM TBoe iM' .H HaBiKM!" BaraTo noraH, .HKi 6a"l!MJIM repo:ti:chKY TepneJIMBiCTh CB. Teo,n;oTa :i1: 'IYJIM :ti:oro CB. MOJIMTBM, HaBepHyJIMC.H i roJiocHo BeJIM'IaJIM XpMcTa. To.n;i CaBMH HaKa3aB 3HOBY BKMHYTM cB. Teo,n;oTa .n;o B'H3HM:o;i. HacTaB 'lac, KOJIM iMnepaTop KoHcTaHTMH BeJIMI<:MH ,n;aB xpMCTMHHaM BOJIIO. Bcix xpMCTMHHChKMX B'H3HiB 3BiJihHMJIM. BM:ti:rnoBinM Ha BOJIIO , cB. Teo,n;oT ID;e ,n;Ba poKM ynpaBJI.HB cBoero :o;epKBoro B KMpMHel. ITo Bi'IHY Haropo,n;y BM3HaB:o;H Bi,n;i:ti:rnoB 2 6epeaH.H 320 poKy. 3 6epe3HR

CB.HTI 8BTPOITIH, KJIEOHIK I BACHJIICK KoJIM aa iMnepaTopa MaKCMMiaHa, Ha HaKa3 cy.n;.n;i IIy6JiiH, 3arMHYB MY1.J:eHMD;hKOIO CMepTIO B n oHTChKOMY MicTi AMacil cB. Teo.n;op TMpoH, y B'.H3HM:o;i ID;e 3aJIMillMJIOCH TpOE: XpMCTMHH: 8BTponi:ti: i KJieoHiK, ,n;Ba pi,n;Hi 6paTM, Ta BacMJiicK, nJieMiHHMK cB. Teo.n;opa.

IIicJIH panToBo:i cMepTi IIy6JiiH :ti:oro HacTynHMKOM B AMacil CTaB He MeHrn mopcTOKMH AcKJiinio,n;oT. Ha :ti:oro HaKaa noKJIMKaJIM Ha cy.n; ycix TphOX BMID;eara,n;aHMX xpMCTMHH. KoJIM BOHM BMxo,n;MJIM 3 B '.H:lHMD;i, paiTTOM He6eCHe CBiTJIO OCHHJIO TeMHMH JlhOX, i BamKi ,ll;Bepi CaMi Bi,ll;'IMHMJIMC.H nepe.n; BipHMMM BomMMM CJiyraMM. TMM 3HaKOM, ID;O rocno,n;h e 3

258

3 6epe3HSI

HHMH, BOHH Ha,n;3BH"'aHHO CKpiiiHJIHCH ,D;YXOM Ta 3 IIiCHeiO Ha ycTax rrimJIH .n;o JIIOToro cy.n;.n;i.

Ilo6a"'HBIDH B'a:miB 3 HCHHMH JIHIJ;HMH 1 IIOBHHX 6a,D;b0pOCTi, AcKJiirrio.n;oT "'HMaJIO 3,D;HBYBaBCa, rn;o BOHH rricJia TaKoro .n;oBroro yB'aaHeHHa He TiJihKH He rrpnrHi"'eHi; a rn;e if cMiJIHBO BH3HaiOTb CBOIO Bipy B XpHcTa, roToBi rriTH aa Hei: Ha HaHTmK"'i MYKH. Ha rrorpoan AcKJiirrio.n;oTa Bi.n;rroBiB 8BTporriii: "BeayMHHH, rrorpomyem HaM MyKaMH? HHMH Bme CTpamHB HaC i TBiH IIOIIepe,D;HHK Ily6Jiiii, aKHH cboro.n;Hi Bme KapaeTbCa Bi"'HHM BOrHeM. TH He aaJiaKaem Hac, 6o HeMa CHJIH, rn;o Bi.n;ipBaJia 6 Hac Bi.n; XpHcTa CrracnTeJia, aa aKoro MH roToBi 3HeCTH MYKY if HaHJIIOTimy cMepTb!" To.n;i HaKaaaB MYliHTeJih 6HTH CB. 8BTporria B ycTa; aJie BiH i .n;aJii rrpocJiaBJiaB CBoro He6ecHoro 0Tu;a. IloTiM 3BepHyBca AcKmrrio.n;oT .n;o cB. KJieoHiKa if CB. BacHJiicKa, rn;o6 BOHH Bi.n;peKJIHCa XpHCTOBOl BipH, aJie BOHH CMiJIO Bi,D;IIOBiJIH: "TH "'YB CJIOBa 8BTporria; BiH roBOPHB aa ce6e if aa Hac, 6o aK IIpecBaTa Tpiiiu;a e o.n;He, TaK i MH Hepo3JIY'!Hi y Bipi if Ha,n;ii: Ha rroMiq CrracnTeJia".

MY"'lfTeJih aBeJiiB 6HTH i:x TaK, rn;o am TiJio Bi.n;rra,n;aJio Bi.n; KOCTeii, a BOHH TeprreJIHBO 3HOCHJIH 6oJiiCHi MYKH, IIpH3HBaiO"'H IIOMOqi XpncTa if cB. Teo.n;opa THpoHa. TpH .n;Hi TpHBaJia MyKa BipHHX XpHCTOBHX 6opu;iB; KOJIH m Hi KaTYBaHHH, Hi o6iu;aHKH, Hi HaMOBH He 3~JIH IIOXHTHYTH lXHbOl MymHOCTi, a, KpiM TOrO, pi3Hi "'y,D;a, ID;O ,D;iHJIHCH IIi,D; 'laC MyK, rro"'aJIH po6HTH BpameHHa Ha rroraH, aacy.n;HB AcKJiirrio.n;oT CB. 8BTporria if CB. KJieoHiKa Ha poarr'aTTa, a cB. BacHJiicKa aaJIHIDHB y B'a3HHu;i. Ilo6a'!HBIDH Micu;e poarr'aTTa if .n;Ba rrpnroTOBJieHi xpecTH, o6n.n;Ba 6paTH apa.n;iJIH if o"'i aaiimJIH CJih03aMH rro.n;aKH, rn;o Bar .n;oaBOJIHB 1M yMepTH TaKOIO cMepTIO, aK caM CrracHTeJih cBiTy. " XpecTy TBO€MY rroKJiaHaeMoca, BJia,n;HK"o, i CBHTe BOCKpeciHHH TBOE: CJiaBHM!" - MOJIHJIHCH BOHH i Ha XpecTi Bi.n;.n;aJIH B pyKH He6ecHoro 0Tu;a cBoi: "'HCTi .n;ymi .n;Ha 3 6epeaHa 290 poKy . Morn;i o6ox CB. MY"'eHHKiB rrpocJiaBHJIHca qncJieHHHMH liY,D;aMH. CB. BacnJiicK 6yB oKpeMo aapy6aHHH Me"'eM .n;Ha 22 TpaBHa Ha,n; pi'IKOIO Ipic .

• 259

4

6epeaH~

CB.HTHH rEPACHM

• CB .

repaCHM IIO XO,ll;HB 3

MiCTa

JlHKi1 (Ma.Jia A3iH). TaM BiH rrocBH THB

ce6e

Ha

cJiy.m6y BoroBi

HK

IIYCTHHHHK. 3rO,ll;OM BiH rrepeHIIIOB ,11;0 Ila.JieCTHHH, a.Jie TaM 3p06HB IIOMHJIKY,

6o

rrpo:H:HHBCH

<PaJibiiiHBOID

HayKoiD 8BTHXiH rrpo Te, ~o XpHcToc Mae TiJihKH o,n;Hy rrpHpo,n;y. Ha ~acTH, . H:oro Bi,n;Bi,n;aB cB.

8BTHMiH:,

IIOHCHHB HOMY IJ;ID pi"'I i HaJa,n;

,n;o

HKHH

HaBepHyB

"l£HCTo1 XpHCTOBoi: BipH .

IIo.mHBIIIH HKHHCh 'lac y THBaHChKiH: IIYCTHHi,

IIOBHiH

6oroMiJihHHX

IIY C THHHHKiB ,

B iH

CB .

II03HaHOMHBCH

3eMJii ,

,n;e

BepHyBCH

,11;0 3i

CBHTHMH IIpOBi,ll;HHKaMH CXi,ll;HHX MOHaxiB: CaBoro, IBaHOM MoB"l£a3HHM, T eoK THCTOM

i

8pycaJIHMChK HM

rraTpiapxoM AHacTacieM.

Y

TOM 'lac TaK 6araTo Y"l£HiB 3a-

6a.maJIH BeCTH JKHTTH 3a IIpOBO,ll;OM repaCHMa,

~0 BiH 36y,n;yBaB Ha,n;

Hop,n;aHoM, rro6JIH3Y 8pHXOHa, JiaBpy 3

70

KeJiiH, 3 rrpOCTOpHM MOHaCTH-

peM IIOCepe,n;HHi ,ll;JIH BHIIIKOJIY THX, RKi TiJihKH IIO"'IHHaJIH BeCTH IIYCTHHHe JKHTTH MoHaXH repaCHMa rrpHTpHMYBa.JIHCH cyBOPHX rrpaBHJI. Crra.JIH Ha IIJieTiHKax, B KeJiil HiKOJIH He p03BO,ll;HJIH BOrHID, ,n;Bepi HiKOJIH He 3aMHKaTH, ~06 KOJKHHH Mir Y3HTH C06i BCe IIOTpi6He, MaHJKe IIOCTiHHO MOB"'IaJIH. XJii6, <PPYKTH H BO,n;a 6yJIH lM IIOJKHBOID, xi6a ~o B He,n;iJii H: CBHTa, rricJIH crriBaHo! CJiy.m6H Bo.mo! i cB IlpH"'laCTH, BCi pa30M CIIOJKHBa.JIH BapeHy CTpaBy H TpOXH BHHa. lxHiH 'laC 6yB p03IIO,ll;iJieHHH Ha MOJIHTBY H rrpau;ro , B OCHOBHOMY -

IIJieTeHHH KOIIIHKiB. CBOID po6oTy KOJKHHH MaB CKiH"'IHTH ,11;0

cy60TH. Xo"l£ RKi cyBopi 6yJIH rrpaBHJia ,ll;JIH MOHaXiB y MOHaCTHpi CB. repaCHMa, Ta ,ll;JIH HhOrO CaMOrO H TOrO 6yJIO MaJIO; BiH HaKJia,n;aB Ha ce6e ~e THJKKY IIOKyTy, HaH6iJibiiie Ja Te, ~0 KOJIHCb 3p06HB IIOMHJIKy B CB. Bipi.

IlpHHMaB CB.

260

Y

BeJIHKiH IlicT BiH He lB Hi"'Ioro, TiJibKH

IlpH"'IaCTH.

CB.

8BTHMiH TaK BHCOKO IJ;iHyBaB

4 6epeaHS!

CB. fepaCHMa, ID;O IIOCHJiaB ~0 HbOrO Ha BIIpaBH THX MOHaXiB, .HKi 6a.maJIH ~OC.HrTH BeJIHKOl ~OCKOHaJIOCTi. MeiiiKaHIJ;i €pnxoHa, ~OBi~aBIIIHCb, m;o MOHaxn CB. repacnMa .iKHBYTb y BeJIHKOMY B60.iKeCTBi, IIOl.!aJIH IlpllHOCHTH lM, rOJIOBHO B He~iJii M CB.HTa, ~em;o 3 xapl.!iB; Ta TiJibKH ~e.HKi l.!eHI{i KOpllCTaJIH 3 THX ~apiB, 60 iHIIIi 60.HJIHC.H IIOIIIKO~HTH THM CBOlM ~yiiii, ~o6pe IIaM'.HTaiO"llll HayKy CB. fepaCHMa, ID;O IIiCT e MaTip'lO 3~ep.mJIHBOCTi, 3axopoHOIO rrpoTn 3JIHX crroKyc Ta CTHMYJIOM ~o Hil.!HHX l.!yBaHb. ByBaJIH B .iKHTTi CB. repacnMa Ha~3BH"llaMHi rro~il. O~Horo pa3y, KOJIH BiH CH~iB y CBOlM KeJiii:, rro6al.!HB y BH~iHHi, .HK aHreJIH HeCJIH ~o He6a ~YIIIY Mora rrpn.HTe.JI.H CB. €BTHMi.H. B3.HBIIIH 3 co6oro cBoro Yl.!H.H CB. Knpi.HKa, BiH Bi~pa3y rrocrriiiiHB Ha rroxopoH. IBaH Mocx, IIHChMeHHHK VII cTopil.!"ll.H, .HKHM 3 yl.!eHHM MOHaxoM CeparrioHoM, rri3HiiiiHM rraTpiapxoM €pycaJinMa, 6araTo rro~opomyBaB no Cxo~i, orroBi~ae n;iKaBy icTopiro.

KoJIH O~Horo ~H.H CB. repaCHM rrpoxo~myBaBC.H IIOH~ 6eperoM Mop~aHy, rri~iMIIIOB ~o Hhoro 3 peBOM JieB, rri~Hic ~oropn Jiarry, B .HKY rJIH60KO 3aJii3Jia TepHHHa, Bi~ l.!OrO BOHa HarryxJia Ta IIO"llaJia rHHTH. CB. repaCHM BHT.HrHyB TepHHHy, o6MHB M rrepeB'.H3aB Jiarry. Bi~l.!YBIIIH rro.JieriiieHH.H, JieB yme He rr&Kn~aB CB.HToro, aJie XO~HB 3a HHM yciO~H, Hal.!e CBiMChKa TBapnHa, .iKHBHBC.H xJii6oM Ta ropo~HHOIO. A 6yB y TOMY MOHacTnpi oceJI, .HKHM HOCHJIH 3 Mop~aHy BO~y. 3ro~OM CB. repacnM IIPHB"llllB JieBa CTeperTn ocJia Ha rracoBHChKY. O~Horo ~H.H JieB Bi~iMIIIOB Ha~To ~aJieKO, i TO~i OCJia BKpaB O~HH IIOrOHlll.! Bep6JilO~iB, ID;O rrepei:m~maB IIOB3 rracoBHChKO. Taro ~H.H JieB BepHyBc.H ~o~oMy cyMHHM, 3 orrym;eHolO ro.JIOBOIO, Hal.!e 3aBHHHB. Ko.Jin .11eB rri~iMIIIOB ~0 CB. fepaCHMa, TOM IIO~yMaB co6i, m;o, MO.iKe, JieB 3'i:B ocJia. ToMy cKa3aB ~o Hhoro: "Te m;o po6nB oceJI, 6y~eiii Terrep TH po6nTn". 3 Taro l.!acy JieB rrpnHOCHB 3 pil.!KH ~o MOHaCTllp.H l.!OTllpll Bi~pa BO~ll, .HKi HaKJI~aJIH Ha HhOrO. 3ro~OM rrpa6yB ~o MOHaCTHp.H o~RH BO.HK. Ko.Jin BiH rro6al.!RB, .HK JieB ~Barae Bo~y, i MOMY po3IIOBiJia n;ro icTopiro, BiH 3MRJiocep~RBC.H Ha~ n;apeM 3BipiB i ~aB CB. repaCRMOBi TPR 30JIOTi, m;o6 KYIIHB iHIIIOrO OCJia HOCRTR BO~y, a JieBa 3BiJihHRB Bi~ Tiei: CJiy.iK6H. "1Jepe3 .HKHMCh "llac 3HOBY rrpoi:m~maB l.!epe3 llop~aH TOM rroroHll"l[ Bep6JIIO~iB, ID;O MaB 3 C060IO TaKO.iK yKpa~eHOrO OCJia. JleB CTO.HB Ha~ pil.!KOIO. KoJin rroroHR"ll rro6al.!HB Moro, 3JI.HKaBc.H M yTiK, IIOKHHYBIIIH OCJia 3 TphOMa Bep6JilO~aMR, ID;O HeCJIR MiiiiKH 3 rriiieHnn;eiO .• To~i JieB yxorrnB ay6aMR y3~el.!KY cBoro ~aBHhoro TOBapHIIIa i IIpHBiB OCJia 3 Bep6JIIO~aMH ~0 MOHaCTllp.H,

261

5 6epe3HH

•

H8,ll;3BIPI8HHO pa,n;HH, m;o Bi,n;HaHIIIOB 3ry6y. CB. repaCHM 3p03YMiB, IIJ;O BiH IIOMHJISIBCSI, ,n;yMaiOqH, IIJ;O JieB 3"iB OCJia. To,n;i ,n;aB iioMy iM'SI Hop,n;aH. IU;e rr'SITb JiiT cJiymHB JieB M:oHaxaM. KoJIH IIOMep CB. repaCHM, 3Bip TaK 3aCMYTHBCSI, IIJ;O He XOTiB Hiqoro lCTH, 6o He Mir Hi,n;e Bi,n;IIIyKaTH CB. repaCHMa . Xoq MOHaXH 3a6aBJISIJIH iioro Ta 3aoxoqyBaJIH .n;o 'imi, JieB He i:B, TiJihKH cyMHO peBiB. To.n;i HOBHH iryMeH 3aBiB iioro Ha IJ,BHHTap KOJIO u,epKBH i IIOKa3aB rpi6, ,n;e 6yB IIOXOBaHHH CB. repaCHM. KoJIH iryMeH CTaB Ha KOJiiHa i rroqaB MOJIHTHCSI Ta IIJiaKaTH, JieB y,n;apHB CHJibHO .n;o 3eMJii roJioBoiO, Jiir Ha rpo6i ii He xoTiB 3Bi,n;TH pyiiiHTHCSI. l.Jepe3 KiJibKa ,ll;HiB 3HaHIIIJIH HOrO TaM Hem.HBOrO. fiperro,n;06HHH Haiii OTeiJ,b repaCHM 3aKiHqHB CBO£ m.HTTSI 4 6epe3HSI 4 7 5 poKy. 5 6epe3HH

CB.HTHH KOHOH KoHoH rroxo,n;HB 3 ceJia Bn,n;aHa, m;o B MaJiiii A3il. EyB CHHOM rroraH HecTopa ii Ha.n;n. AJie 3ro,n;oM rrpHHHSIB XpHcToBy Bipy, HaBepHyB ~AO Hel i OXpHCTHB CBOlX 6aTbKiB. IliCJISI CMepTi MaTepi Ta ,n;pymHHH raHHH, 3 SIKOIO jKHB y HerropyiiieHiii qncToTi, CBSITHH BiB Ha caMoTi TaKe 6oroMiJibHe mHTTSI, m;o Eor Ha,n;iJIHB iioro .n;apoM qy,n;oTBopeHHSI. CB. KoHOHa rroBamaJIH xpHcTHSIHH ii rroraHH . KoJIH 3a qaciB ,[(eKiSI rrpn6yB B lcaBpiiO :mopcTOKHH roHHTeJib xpHCTHSIH MarH, BiH HaKa3aB yB'SI3HHTH cB. KoHoHa ii mopcToKo MyqHTH 3a Te, m;o BiAMOBHBCSI rrpHHeCTH mepTBH rroraHCbKHM 6omKaM. KoJIH rrpo u,e ,n;oBiAaJIHCSI rroraHH 3 ceJia Bn,n;aHH, 36irJIHCSI i CHJIOIO Bi,n;6HJIH CBSIToro; MarH Jie,n;Be BTiK mHBHH. To.n;i JIIOAH CTaJIH u,iJiyBaTH paHH KoHoHa Ta 36HpaTH HOrO MyqeHHIJ,bKY KpOB, 6amaiOqH OCBSITHTHCSI HeiO. CB. KoHoH, 3aMiCTb pa,n;iTH cBO'iM 3BiJihHeHHSIM, cyMyBaB, m;o He Mir Bi,n;,n;aTH mHTTSI 3a XpHcTa. IIicJISI Toro 3aHeCJIH iioro ,ll;O CeJia i TaM ,ll;OTH IIiKJIYBaJIHCSI HHM, am IIOKH He BH,n;ymaB 3 cBo'ix paR. IIpomHBIIIH m;e crroKiHHO ,n;Ba poKH, crroqnB CB. MyqeHHK KoHOH y Eo3i rrpH6JIH3HO 250 poKy.

262

6 6epe3HSI

CBHTI MYqEHHKH AMOPIHChKI 840 poKy capaiJ;HHH BIIIeHT po36HJIH rpen;bKoro iMnepaTopa TeocpiJia i o6JI.R:rJIH MaJioa3iifchKe MicTo AMopho, m;o 6yJio po,n;HHHHM MiCTOM iMnepaTopa. MmKJIHBO, n;e 6yJia Kapa 3a H<ft'O ni,n;TpHMKY iKOH060p"t!Ol epeci.

B AMopi'i 42 no6omHi cTapiiiHHH, Ha"tle JieBH, 6opoHHJIH MicTo. KoJIH capan;HHCbKHH KH.H3b He Mir 3,n;o6yTH MicTa :H: 3a,n;yMyBaB Bme Bi,ll;CTyTIHTH Bi,n; o6JIOrH, 3HaHIIIOBC.H Mim rpei.J;bKHMH cTapiiiHHaMH 3pa,n;HHK, Ha iM' .H Ba,n;HTCHC, .HKHH, nocBapHBIIIHCb 3i CBOIMH TOBapHIIIaMH, 3a,n;yMaB y Ha,n;il Ha BeJIHKY Haropo,n;y TaeMHO nopo3yMi THC.H 3 BOporaMH Ta ,ll;OTIOMOrTH lM 3aHH.HTH MicTo. BncTpiJIHB Ha 6iK npoTHBHHKa CTpiJiy 3 3aTIHCKOIO, m;o BiH ,ll;OTIOMOme lM 3,ll;06yTH MiCTO, .HKID;O BOHH ni,n;yTb y HaCTYTI B TOMY Micn;i, ,n;e BiH e KOMeH,n;aHTOM. TaK i cTaJioc.H. Capan;HHH B,n;epJIHC.H ,n;o MicTa, 6iJihiiiY "tlaCTHHY Bi:H:cbKa :H: MeiiiKaHn;iB BHpi3aJIH, peiiiTY B3.HJIH B TIOJIOH, a MiCTO CTiaJIHJIH. 42 BipHHX cTapiiiHH HaKa3aB capan;HHCbKHH KH.H3b 3aKyBaTH B Ka:H:,n;aHH :H: BHBe3TH B CnpiiD, ,n;e 'ix KHHYJIH ,n;o TeMHo'i :H: BOrKo'i TeMHHI.J;i.

Mim THMH cTapiiiHHaMH 6yJIH: Teo,n;op, KoHCTaHTHH, KaJiiCT, TeocpiJih, AcTpi:H:, Bacco:H: i MHJIHceH. CyMHa 6yJia ,n;OJI.H "tieCHHX i xopo6pnx CTapinHH, 3aKyTHX y Ka:H:,n;aHH, BHMopeHHX roJio,n;oM i cnparoro. 3pa,n;HHK Ba,n;HTCHC, .HKHH ,n;o6poBiJihHO npn6yB 3 capan;nHaMH B Cnpiro, Bi,n;piKc.H XpncTa Ta cTaB MycyJihMaHHHOM, 6yB My-qHTeJieM noJioHeHHX TOBapHIIIiB. lMnepaTop TeocpiJI npo6yBaB BeJIHKHM BHKynoM BH3BOJIHTH IX 3 T.HmKOl HeBOJii, Ta capai.J;HHCbKHH KH.H3b BHCMi.HB iMnepaTOpCbKHX TIOCJiiB, 60 BiH KOH"tle XOTiB TipHBeCTH BCiX xopo6pnx cTapiiiHH ,n;o Bi,n;cTyncTBa Bi,n; XpncTOBo'i BipH Ta 3po6HTH 3 HHX BH3HaBn;iB MaroMeTa. CiM poKiB TPHBaJia ripKa MyKa no6omHHX cTapiiiHH, 6araTo paaiB npo6yBaJIH capan;HHH BMOBHTH IX ,ll;O nepexo,n;y Ha MYCYJibMaHCbKy Bipy, Ta 6e3 HaHMeHIIIOrO ycnixy. Ilo6omHi CTapiiiHHH 3aJIHIIIHJIHC.H BipHi XpHCTOBi, iMnepaTopoBi :H: cBo'i:H: 6aThKiBID;HHi. IlicJI.H Toro 3acy,n;HB IX capai.J;HHCbKHH KH.H3b Ha CMepTb; yci 42 CTapiiiHHH ,n;aJIH rOJIOBy ni,n; Me"tl. lXHi TiJia BKHHYJIH ,ll;O pi"t!KH, O,ll;HaK 3a BomoiO BOJiero CB. Mom;i ,n;onJIHJIH ,n;o npoTHJiemHoro 6epera pi"t!KH, ,n;e 3HaHIIIJIH IX XpHCTH.HHH i no6omHO TIOXOBaJIH. TaKa caMa cMepTb cniTKaJia, Ma6yTh, TaKom i 3pa,n;HHKa Ba,n;HTCHca, .HKOMY capan;HHH He ,n;oBip.HJIH, 6o He MOmHa BipHTH JIIO,ll;HHi, m;o 3pa,n;HJia cBoro Bora :H: pi,n;HHH Kpa:H: .

• 263

7 6epe3HH

CBHTIXEPCOHCbKI€ITHCKOITH • ,[(o PHMCbKo'i iMrrepi'i Ha.n:emaB KOJIHCb KpHMCbKHM rriBocTpiB, ~o Ha3HBaBc.H To.n;i TaBpi:H:CbKHM XepcoH. PHMChKi iMrrepaTopH

MHMOBOJii CIIpH'liHHHJIHC.H ,ll;O IIOIIIM:peHH.H Ha TOMY IIiBOCTpOBi XpHCTH.HHCbKOl BipH, BHCJiaBIIIH TY,ll;H Ha 3aCJiaHH.H 6araTO xpHCTH.HH; cepe,n; .HKHX 6yB i Ilarra CB. KJIHMeHT. Ti xpHCTH.HHChKi BHrHaH:u;i IIpHKJia)l;OM CBOrO II060:lKHOrO :lKHTT.H Ta CBOlMH noB'l!aHH.HMH HaBepHyJIH 6araTo rroraH ,n;o XpHcTa, a cB. Bipy 3aKpiiiJIIOBaJIH 'l!aCTO B cepiJ;.HX HOBOHaBapHeHHX CB0€10 MY'lleHHIJ;bKOIO cMepTIO. AJie aro.n;oM, rrepeBamHo aa HaMOBOIO 'liHCJieHHHX TaM iy.n;e'iB, noraHH nepeCJii.D;yBaJIH XpHCTH.HH, 'llepe3 ~0 Ma.JiiJia lXH.H KiJihKiCTI,, OC06JIHBO TO)l;i, KOJIH BOHH 6yJIH

IT036aBJieHi ,ll;YXOBHOrO IIpOBO,ll;Y eiiHCKOIIiB i CB.H~eHHKiB i TiJibKH ITOTaMKH MOrJIH 36HpaTHC.H Ha CBOl CXO,ll;HHH M MOJIHTBH.

300

poKy npH6yJIH Ty.n;H .n;Ba errHCKOIIH, BacHJiiii i €cppeM.

IlporroBi,n;yBaTH XpHcToBy HayKy 'ix rrocJiaB

€pycaJIHMCbKHM

naTpiapx €pMOH . 06H.n;Ba enHCKOIIH .n;oBrH:H: 'l!ac Tpy,n;HJIHC.H B CTOJIH:u;i rriBocTpoBa -

XepcoHi (KopcyHi). 3ro.n;oM €cppeM

nepeMIIIOB )l;O CKHTiB, ~0 :lKHJIH Ha,D; ,[(yHaeM, npOIIOBi)l;yiO'liH lM XpHCTH.HHCT:ijO, poa6y,ll;HBIIIH IIpOTH ce6e HeHaBHCTb rroraHCbKOl 6iJihiiiOCTi. Mic:u;eBHii Ha'l!aJibHHK HaKaaaB :H:oro

7

6epeaH.H

aapy6aTH Me'lleM. CB. BacHJii:H: nporroBi.n;yBaB .n;aJii XpHCTOBY HayKy B XepcoHi. BaraTo rroraH npHiiH.HJio cB. XpH~eHH.H. AJie peiiiTa aaB3.HTHX noraH HaiiaJIH Ha CB. BJia,D;HKy, IT06HJIH MOrO i BHrHaJIH 3 MiCTa. CB. BacHJii:H: 3axoBaBC.H B o.n;Hi:H: rre'llepi Ha ropi, .n;e rrpoBO.D;HB CBOl )l;Hi y MOJIHTBi 3a HaBepHeHH.H He~aCHHX i)l;OJIOIIOKJIOHHHKiB. "Y:epe3 .HKHMCh "'ac rroMep y XepcoHi CHH o.n;Horo aHaTHoro rpoMa,ll;.HHHHa. IJoxopOHHBIIIH MOrO, 6aTbKH IJ;iJIHMH rO,D;HHaMH rrpocH.n;myBaJIH 6iJI.H rpo6y i

6eayTiiiiHO onJiaKyBaJIH :H:oro

nepe.n;'llaCHy CMepTb. To.n;i O)l;Hie'i HO'lli .HBHBC.H l M IIOKiMHHM CHH y CHi i CKa3aB : ""lloro rrJiatieTe :H: TY:lKHTe 3a MHoro? HaBi~o B3HBae Te HaiiiHX 6oriB, 6e3,D;YIIIHHX i)l;OJiiB, ~0 He MO:lKYTb MeHe BOCKpeCHTH? .flK XO'l!eTe 6a'liHTH MeHe .)KHBHM, TO M)l;iTb )l;O TOrO 'liOJIOBiKa, .HKOrO BH BHrHaJIH 3 MicTa i IIOIIpOCiTb MOrO IIOMOJIHTHC.H 3a MeHe ,ll;O Bora, i BH BBipy:H:Te B Toro rocno,n;a, .HKoro BiH nporroBi.n;ye. Bo TO e rrpaB)l;HBHM Bar, ~o Mae BJia,u;y Ha,n; mHBHMH :H: MepTBHMH. BiH Mae CHJIY MeHe BOCKpecHTH". HacTyrrHoro ,ll;H.H 6aTbKH ITOMepJioro IOHaKa p03IIOBiJIH CBOlM pO,ll;H'llaM CBiM COH, TO)l;i BCi paaoM niiiiJIH IIIyKaTH cB. BacHJii.R. Ha 'ixHe npoxaHH.H CB.HTHM

264

7 6epeaH51 ITiiiiOB 3 HHMH ,li;O rpo6y i cep,IJ;el!HOIO MOJIHTBOIO CIIpaB,IJ;i IIOBepHyB JKHTTSI lXHbOMY CHH;OBi. IliCJISI TaKara BeJIHKOrO tiy,IJ;a BBeJIH CB. BacHJiiSI 3 rro-qecTIO ,IJ;O MicTa. Pi,IJ;HSI BOCKpecJioro :H 6araTo iHIIIHX rroraH, ,IJ;OBi,IJ;aBIIIHCb rrpo Te l!y,IJ;o, HaBepHyJIHCSI ,IJ;O XpHcT~ CTpHBomeHi THM iy,IJ;ei: :H rroraHH HarraJIH O,IJ;Hiei: HOlli Ha ,IJ;iM CB. BacHJii.H, 3B'.H3aJIH :Horo, BHBOJIOKJIH Ha BYJIHIJ;IO, a BKiH:u;i rraJIHIJ;SIMH :H KaMiHHSIM y6HJIH . TiJio CBSIToro BHKHHYJIH Ha IIOJKHBY 3BipaM, aJie BOHR HaBiTb He TOpKHYJIHC.H HOrO, a BHOlli CBiTHJia Ha,IJ; HliM SICHa 30p.H, ,li;OKH XpHCTH.HHli IIOTaHKH He IIOXOBaJIH CB. MOI..IJ;i.

IlicJI.H cMepTi cB. BacHJii.H O,IJ;HH 3 :Horo y11HiB rrepe:HIIIoB ,IJ;o reJIJieCIIOHTY, ,IJ;e 3YCTpiB TpbOX iHIIIHX €TIHCKOTiiB: €BreHi.H, EJini,IJ;iSI :H AraTo,IJ;opa, .HKHX naTpiapx €pMOH nocJiaB Ha anocTOJihChKY npa:u;IO TY,IJ;H. KoJIH BiH po3Ka3aB 1M npo cMepTh CB. BacHJiiSI, BOHH BHpiiiiHJIH no,IJ;aTHC.H ,IJ;O XepcoHa, I..IJ;06 TaM npo,IJ;OBJKH TH cnpaBy CB.HToro . 3 pa,IJ;iCTIO npHHHSIJIH i:x XpliCTH.HHli, 3 KOJKHHM ,IJ;HeM 3pOCTaJia KiJihKiCTh BipHHX, ,li;OKli iy,IJ;el H noraHH He HaiiaJIH Ha €TIHCKOIIiB i He 3aM)T"IliJili Ha CaMi poKOBHHH cMepTi cB. BacHJiiSI. qepe3 KiJihK a poKiB, Bme 3a KoHcTaHTHHa BeJIHKoro, naTpiapx €pMOH nocJiaB ,IJ;O XepcoHa enHcKoniJ,..-ETepi.H, .HKHH peBHo TPY,IJ;HBC.H Ha,IJ; noiiiHpeHH.HM XpHCTOBoi: BiM. Ilo6a1IHBIIIH, I..IJ;O noraHH pi3HHMH cnoco6aMH nepecJii,IJ;yiOTh xpHCTH.HH, no,IJ;aBcSI ,IJ;O D;apropo,IJ;a, ,IJ;O caMoro KoHcTaHTHHa, 3 npoxaHH.HM BiJihHoro BH3HaBaHH.H XpHcTa. 3 Taro 11acy npHIIHHHJIHC.H Hana,IJ;H iy,IJ;ei:B i noraH Ha xpHCTH.HH. CB. ETepi:H Bme cnoKi:HHo ynpaBJI.HB y XepcoHi CBOlMH BipHHMH, 36y,IJ;yBaB y MicTi rapHy :u;epKBy, a nicJISI Taro 3HOBY npH6yB ,IJ;O KoHcTaHTHHa no,IJ;.HKyBaTH 3a :Horo ,IJ;o6potiHHCTBa. IloBepTaiOl!HCh ,IJ;O XepcoHa, 3aHe,IJ;ymaB i no:Mep Ha ocTpoBi AJioc, ,IJ;e :Horo :H noxoBaJIH. KoJIH xepcoHChKi xpHCTHSIHH ,li;OBi,IJ;aJIHC.H npo CMepTh CBOrO YJII06JieHoro apxinaCTHp.H, I..IJ;HpO OITJiaKYBaJili :Horo, a 3rO,IJ;OM npOCliJili iMnepaTopa TipliCJiaTH 1M HOBoro enHcKona. HHM cTaB CB. KaniToH. KoJIH CB.HTHH npH6yB ,IJ;O XepcoHa i cTaB peBHO nponoBi,IJ;yBaTH XpHCTOBY Bipy, noraHH cTaJIH ,IJ;OMaraTHC.H, I..IJ;06 BiH Ha 3HaK npaB,IJ;HBOCTi cBoei: BipH, apo6HB nepe,IJ; HHMH qy,IJ;o. To,IJ;i CB. KaniToH, HaKJiaBIIIH Ha ce6e oMocpop, ,IJ;OBro MOJIHBC.H, I..IJ;06H Bor BHSIBHB Ce6e. IlicJISI MOJIHTBH CBSITHH BCTYTIHB y BoroHh npOCTOSIBIIIli TaM MaHJKe rO,IJ;HHy; ITOTiM, Ha6paBIIIli B TIOJIY po3mapeHoro ByriJIJISI, BHHIIIOB :u;iJIHH 3 BorHIO. Ilo6a1IHBIIIH Te l!y,IJ;o, npHCYTHi noraHH npHHH.HJIH TO,IJ;i CB. XpHI..IJ;eHHSI, nicJI.H 11oro xpHcTii'SIHCbKa Bipa cKopo noiiiHPHJiac.H Ha KpHMChKOMY niBocTpoBi. KoJIH npo Te l!y,IJ;o ,li;OBi,ll;aBc.H iMrrepaTop KoHcTaHTHH

265

7 6epe3HSI

i cB. OTLJ;i Co6opy B HiKe!, Bci rrpocJiaBnJnr Bortt Ta rro.n;nBJISIJIH cnJibHY Bipy :ii Ha,n;iro cB. KarriToHa. Y XepcoHi CB. KarriTOH 6yB errncKorroM KiJihKa poKiB. KoJin o,n;Horo pa3y BiH ,n;o6npaBcSI Kopa6JieM ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a, 6ypSI 3arHaJia TO:ii Kopa6eJib ,n;o rnpJia .ll:Hirrpa. TaMTeiiiHi rroraHn JIIO,n;e:ii IIOB6l1BaJII1, a CB. KarriTOHa BTOIII1Jil1 B MOpi. CBSITa u;epKBa rrpn3HatinJia .n;eHb 7 6epe3Ha ,n;JISI BIIIaHyBaHHSI II aM' SITi BCiX Tl1X xepCOHCbKHX CBam;eHOMytieHHKiB. 7 6epe3H.Il

CB.HTHH TOMA AKBIHCbKHii KoJin Ilarra lBaH XXII rrporoJioiiiyBaB ToMy 3 AKBiHo CBSITHM, TO cKa3aB: ":fioro HayKa rrpocTo tiy.n;ecHa. BiH rrpocBiTnB IJ;epKBY 6iJibiiie, Him yci iHIIIi BtiHTeJii, i 6iJibiiiY KOpl1CTb MOmHa MaTH 3 tiHTaHHSI HOPO TBOpiB 3a piK, Him SIK6l1 XTO BHBtiaB TBOpl1 iHIIIHX 6orOCJIOBiB yce mnTTa".

CB. ToMa 6yB cnHoM rpa<Pa JlaH,n;oJicpa li rpacpnHi Teo.n;opn.

Ilo 6aTbKOBi BiH 6yB CIIOpi,n;HeHl1H 3 KOpOJI$IMI1 - <Ppi,n;epiKOM Bap6apoccoro, cB. <Pep,n;iHaH)J;OM KacTnJiilicbKHM Ta cB. Jiro.n;oBiKOM <PpaHIJ;Y3bKHM, a tiepe3 MaTip- 3 HOpMaHCbKHMI1 6apoHaMH, SIKi 3a:i%HSIJIH Cnu;nJiiiO, Ta CaKCOHCbKHMH KOpOJISIMH AHrJiil.

Ilpn:iiiiioB CB. ToMa Ha CBiT 1226 poKy B aaMKY PoKKa CeKKa, Herro.n;aJiiK iTaJiiHchKoro MicTetiKa AKBiHo, i KiJibKa MHJib Bi,n; cJiaBHoro BeHe.n;nKTHHCbKoro MOHacTnpa MoHTe KacciHo. B i:xHi:ii po,n;HHi 6yJio IIIecTepo ,n;iTe:ii. KoJIH ToMa 6yB m;e MaJIHH, o,n;Hiei: HOtii B)J;apHB rpiM y HOro KiMHaTy i B6HB :iioro HaHMOJIO)J;IIIY CeCTpy; 3 TOPO tiaCy BiH yce mHTTSI 60$IBCSI 6ypi; KOJII1 BOHa Ha,li;XO,li;HJia Ta IIOtiHHaJIH 6HTI1 rpOMH,. BiH iiiiOB ,li;O u;epKBI1 i rrpHTYJIIOBaB CBOIO rOJIOBY .)J;O CaMOro KHBOTa. ToMy IIpH3l1BaiOTb CB. ToMy SIK OIIiKyHa IIpOTI1 rpoMiB i HeCIIO,ll;iBaHOl CMepTi.

.

266

7 6epe3H51

Ha HaBt.IaHHH M: BHXOBaHHH Bi,n;,n;a.JIH M:oro 6aThKH ,n;o MOHaCTHpH B MoHTe Kaccil:Io, HaCTOHTeJieM-a6aTOM HKoro 6yB To,n;i M:oro ByHKO. IIpo!PecopH ,n;oBro 3ra,n;yBaJIH Toro XJIOIIt.IHHy, HKHH mo6HB CH,ll;iTH Hap; CTapOBHHHHMH KHH»<KaMH a6o 3a,n;aBaTH lM TaKi IIHTaHHH: "XTo TaKHH Bor? .HK MH MomeMo Horo rri3HaTH? Il.(o TaKe rrpaB,n;a?" Y MOHaCTHpChKiH IIIKOJii rrpoBiB ToMa rr'HTh JiiT, HaBi,n;yrot.IHCh ,n;eKOJIH ,n;o po,n;HHHoro ,n;oMy; BaKau;iM: y TOM t.Iac m;e He 6yJio. Xot.I IIIKiJihHi rro6paTHMH ,n;o6pe cTaBHJIHCH ,n;o Hhoro, IIpOTe BiH He JIJ06HB 6paTH Yl.J:aCTi B lXHiX 3a6aBaX. Ko.JIH M:oMy 6yJio 14 JiiT, BiH rrpo,n;oBmHB HaBt.IaHHH B YHiBepcM:TeTi B HearroJii. TaM BiH ynpo,n;oBm ceMH JiiT BHBt.IaB JIOriKy, KpaCHOMOBCTBO, rpaMaTHKY, iCTOpilO, Jii TepaTypy, reoMeTpiro, IPi3HKy, acTpoHoMiro M: MY3HKy. ByJio To,n;i B yHiBepcM:TeTi 3aBe,n;eHo, m;o6 Yl.J:Hi m;e pa3 rreperroBi,n;aJIH rrepe,n; ay,n;HTopiero BHKJia,n; rrpo!Pecopa; rro6paTHMH ToMH cKopo 3ayBamHJIH, m;o BiH HCHiiiie M: Jiorit.IHiiiie rreperroBi,n;aB 3MicT BHKJia,n;y, Him caM rrpo!Pecop.

IIepe6yBalOt.IH B HearroJii, MOJio,n;HM: cTy,n;eHT yHiBepcM:TeTy Jil06HB 3aXO,ll;HTH ,ll;O HaH6JIH)Kt.I0l u;epKBH 0TD;iB ,Il;oMiHiKaHD;iB, ,n;eKiJihKOX 3 HHX BiH 3HaB oco6HcTo. 3a Bomoro JiacKoro MOJIO,n;HH CTy~eHT yHiBepCHTeTy rroqyB TO~i B CBoeMY cep~i CHnbHe 6amaHHH BCTYIIHTH ,ll;O MOHaCTHpH 0TD;iB ,Il;oMiHiKaHD;iB Ta rrocBHTHTH ce6e rroBHiCTlO cJiym6i BoroBi. Ko.JIH ToMa B u;epKBi CTOHB, 3arJIH6JieHHH y MOJIHTBy, ,n;eHKi MOHaXH 6at.IHJIH HCHe rrpoMiHHH CBiTJia HaBKOJIO M:oro ro.JIOBH. O,n;Horo pa3y CKa3aB ToMa Micu;eBoMy iryMeHoBi 0Tu;iB ,Il;oMiHiKaHu;iB, m;o BiH oxot.Ie BCTYIIHB 6H ,ll;O lXHhOrO MOHaCTHpH, aJie t.Iepe3 CIIO,ll;iBaHHH crrpoTHB pi,n;Hi MYCHTh 3atieKaTH 3i CBOIM pim;eHHHM. Brrpo,n;oBm HaCTYIIHHX TpbOX JiiT HOrO IIOKJIHKaHHH ,ll;O qepHe'IOrO )KHTTH TiJihKH CKpiiiHJIOCH, i Ha IIOt.IaTKy 1244 poKy BiH ypO'IHCTO o,n;epmaB t.IepHeqy pscy HK HOBHK "lJHHY 0TD;iB ,Il;oMiHiKaHD;iB. MaB To,n;i ToM a 19 poKiB. ,Il;oBi,n;aBIIIHCh rrpo BCTYII ToMH ,n;o Toro "llHHY, M:oro po,n;HHa ,n;yme o6ypHJiac.H. AJie He 3a Te, m;o BiH cTaB MOHaxoM. B,n;oMa HiXTO He Mir IIOrO,ll;HTHC.H 3 THM, ID;O MOJIO,ll;HH rpa!P BCTYIIHB ,ll;O "llHHY, HKHH icHyBaB 3aB,n;.HKH MHJIOCTHHi. Il.(o6 3MiHHTH piiiieHH.H ToMH, pi,n;H.H HeraM:Ho 3BepHyJiaCH ,n;o IIarrH M: apxierrHcKorra B HearroJii, a caMa MaTH BH6paJiaCH TY,ll;H OC06HCTO BMOBHTH CHHa po3iHTHCH 3 0TD;.HMH ,Il;oMiHiKaHD;.HMH. O,n;HaK ToMa, BipHHH cBoeMy rroKJIHKaHHID, He 6amaB 3MiHlOBaTH .CBOel IIOCTaHOBH, TOMY m;e rrepe,n; IIpHl3,ll;OM MaTepi ,n;o Hearro.JIH BH'ixaB ,n;o ,Il;oMiHiKaHChKoro MOHaCTHp.H B PHMi; KOJIH )K p03rHiBaHa MaTH IIOCIIiiiiHJia 3a HHM, TO H TaM He 3aCTaJia

267

7 6epe3H51 H:oro, 6o apxiMaH~pHT 0TI.I,iB ,lJ;oMiHiKaHI.I,iB y3;1B H:oro 3 co6mo ii KiJihKOMa iHIIIHMH MOHaxaMH ~o IIapH.iKa. To~i MaTH, .HKa BHpiiiiHJia 3a BC.HKY I.I,iHy HaCTO.HTH Ha CBOE:MY, HeraHHO 3BeJiiJia ~BOM CBOIM CHHa.M, II.I,O cJiy.iKHJIH B TocKaHli y BiHChKy, 3aBepHyTH ToMy Ha3~. BoHH 3 rypToM BO.HKiB Ha3.n;orHaJIH ToMy Ta H:oro no6paTHMiB no~opo.mi Heno~aJiiK MicTa CieHH. BpaTH CHJIOMii.I,h 3a6paJIH i!oro 3 co6oiO, a IIOTiM 3aMKHYJIH B 3aMKOBiH B'.H3HHI.I,i, KY,ZJ;H HiKOrO He ,ll;OIIYCKaJIH, KpiM ,ll;BOX CeCTep, RKi TaKO.iK CTapaJIHCR BMOBHTH ToMy IIOKHHYTH qHH 0TI.I,iB ,lJ;OMiHiKaHI~iB. O.n;HaK ToMa TaK nepeKOHJIHBO o6opoHRB cBiil ~HH, II.I,O o6H~Bi CeCTpH 3rO,ZJ;OM CTaJIH Ha HOrO 6iK i HaBiTh BMOBHJIH 6paTiB nepe.n;aTH H:oMy 3 HeanoJisr TpoxH o.n;e.mi ii KHH.iKOK. Maro~H ~oBoJii BiJihHoro ~acy, ToMa nepe"'HTaB KiJihKa noBa.iKHHX HayKOBHX TBopiB, cepe.n; RKHX "MeTa!fJi3HKy" ApicToTeJisr, Ta BHB~HB Han aM' .HTh BeJIHKY ~acTHHY CBsrToro IlHChMa. THM ~acoM iloro 6paTH BHra.n;yBaJIH pi3Hi cnoco6H, II.I,06 ToMa nopBaB 3 0Tl.I,.HMH ,lJ;oMiHiKaHI.I,RMH. KoJIH .iK Hi~HM He MorJIH CIIOHyKaTH H:oro 3MiHHTH IIOCTaHOBy, 3Ba.iKHJIHCR Ha Ha:t:i6iJihlll He~ecHy pi~: ni.n;icJiaJIH 6paToBi .n;o KiMHaTH noBiJO. AJie CB. JOHaK He ~yMaB ,ll;OBro: BXOIIHB 3 BOrHJO rOJIOBHJO i BHrHaB CIIOKYCHHI.I,IO 3 KeJiil; n~JI.H Toro cTaB Ha KOJiiHa i cep.n;e~Ho 6JiaraB y Bora cKpinJieHH.H B ~HCTOTi. IIicJI.H Tiei: MOJIHTBH BiH 3acHyB, a To.n;i, RK l.I,e BiH CaM OIIOBiB Ha CMepTHiH IIOCTeJii CBOE:MY CIIOBi,ZJ;HHKOBi, 3'RBHJIHCR .n;Ba aHreJIH i CHJihHO o6B'sr3aJIH H:oro 6e.n;pa IIIHypoM. 3 TOrO ~acy BiH y.me ,ll;O CMepTi He MaB He"'HCTHX CIIOKyC. KoJIH ToMa cH.n;iB y B'R3HHI.I,i, npHHIIIJia Bi~rroBi~h Bi.n; IIanH H apxiE:IIHCKOITa; BOHH 06H,ZJ;Ba CTaJIH B o6opOHi HOrO IIOKJIHKaHHR. IIicJI.H Toro pi.n;Hsr rrocTynHJiacsr, i HaBiTh .n;o 0TU:iB ,lJ;oMiHiKaHI.I,iB y HearroJii .n;iH:IIIJia BiCTKa, II.I,O MaTH 6yJia 6 He npoTH, .HK6H ToM a BTiK 3 B' R3HHI.I,i. OTI.I,i ,lJ;oMiHiKaH:u:i Hera:H:Ho rrocJiaJIH cBoi:x MOHaXiB IIi,ZJ; B'R3HHI.I,IO, ~e BOHH, IIOp03yMiBIIIHCh 3 CeCTpaMH ToMH, cnycTHJIH iloro rro IIIHypi Ha 3eMJIJO i 3 BeJIHKOJO pa.n;icTJO 3a6paJIH .n;o HeanoJisr. TaM BiH HacTyrrHoro poKy CKJiaB BpO~HCTi ~epHe~i o6iTH rrepe.n; iryMeHoM, RKHH ~aB iloMy psrcy cB. ,lJ;oMiHiKa. HK no~aJiac.H 6opoTh6a Mi.iK IIarroro IHoKeHTieM IV i HiMei.I,hKHM iMnepaTopeM <l>pi.n;piKOM II, pO,ZJ;HHa TOMH CTaJia Ha CTOpOHY IIarrH, ~epe3 II.I,O .n;y.me 3y6o.miJia ii 6araTo HaTeprriJiacsr. 3a cTapaHHRMH pi.n;Hi, ToMa MirTO~ cTaTH a6aToM y MoHTe KacciHo, HaBiTh y .n;oMiHiKaHChKiH: p.Hci, a6o aJ)xierrHCKonoM HeanoJisr; KOJIH .iK BiH piiiiy~e Bi,ZJ;MOBHBCR Bi,ZJ; TaKOl ~eCTi, pi,ZJ;H.H, Ma6yTh, nepecTaJia BTp~aTHcsr :a H:oro Bory nocBsr~eHe .iKHTTR.

268

7 6epe3H51 HacTORTeJii nocJiamr iioro Ha HaB"llaHHR ~o IIapmKa, a 3ro~oM if ~o KoJIOHiL B"liHBCR ToMa ni~ KepiBHHIJ,TBOM cJiaBHoro TO~i npocpecopa cB .. Am,6epTa BeJIHKoro, RKHii BBiB y HayKy KaTOJIHI1,bKoro 6orocJioB'R MeTO~H if 3aca~H cpiJiococpa ApicToTeJIR. Y THX IIIKOJiaX 6yJIO 6araTO po3yMHHX IOHaKiB, RKi nparHyJIH>1 3HaHb if 3aBm~n: 6yJIH roToBi ~o rapR"lln:x ~n:cKyciii. KoJin: HOBOllpH6yJIHH TH:XH:ll CTy~eHT llpHJIY"liHBCR ~0 HH:X, TO Hi Ha HHX, Hi Ha npocpecopiB He cnpaBHB oco6JIHBoro BpameHHR. 3ro~oM, 3a iioro cyBopHii Bn:rJIR~ i MOB"t£a3HiCTb ni~ "tJ:ac ~n:cnyTiB npo3BaJIH iioro cTy~eHTH "HiMHM cn:n;n:JiiiicbKHM BOJIOM". To~i O~HH 3 ~o6pocep~e"t£HHX no6paTHMiB, RKOMY maJib CTaJIO TynaKyBaToro, RK HOMY 3~aBaJIOCR, ToMn:, aanponoHyBaB CBOIO roTOBHicTb noRCHIOBaTH iioMy ~o~eHHi BH:KJia~n:. Toii noKipHo i B~R"liHO npn:ifHRB TIOCJiyrn: CBOrO TOBapHIIIa; KOJIH: m ~iHIIIJIO ~o a'RcyBaHHR CKJia~Hn:x nn:TaHb, no6paTHM ToMn: 3anJiyTaBcR y CBOE:MY TIORCHeHHi, TO~i BiH CaM TaK 3p03yMiJIO 3 'RCyBaB IJ,e TIHTaHHR CBOE:MY ~pyroBi, ID;O TOll Ha~3BH"llaHHO 3~H:ByBaBCR. He3a6apoM CB. AJih6epT ~aB CBOlM y"liHRM 3aB~aHHR: nn:chMOBO TIORCHH:'l'H O~He CKJia~He MiCIJ,e 3 6orOCJIOB'R; HaifKparn;e n;e 3po6HB ToMa. HacTynHoro ~HR CB. AJih6epT nocTaBn:B ToMi KiJibKa TIHT8Hb, a KOJIH TOll ~aB Ha HHX "lliTKi npaBHJibHi Bi~TIOBi~i, cTapn:H: npocpecop cKpn:KHyB: "MH Ha3HBae:Mo ToMy:HiMHM BOJioM; Ta R Kamy BaM, ID;O, SJK BiH KOJIH:Cb 3apH"liHTb,~O "liYTRMYTb y BCiX KiHI1,RX CBiTy". IlicJIR TOro CB. AJib6epT TIOCTapaBCR, rn;o6 ToMa MaB KeJiiiO 6iJIR iioro BJiacHoi:, no"tJ:aB 6paTH iioro 3 co6o10 Ha nporyJIRHKH if ~03BOJIRB iioMy Kopn:cTyBaTHCR CBOE:IO 6i6JiioTeKoiD. Y Toii "llac ToMa no"llaB nn:caTH noRcHeHHSJ ~o ETHKH ApicToTeJIR. 3ro~oM HaCTORTeJii llHHy BHpiiiiHJIH, rn;o CB. AJib6epT Mae: Bi~'i:xaTH ~0 Ilapn:ma, 3~aTH ~OKTOpCbKHH iCTIHT i CTaTH Tb.M npocpecopOM B yHiBepCHTeTi, ID;O 6yB TO~i HaHCJiaBHiiiiHM BHID;HM aaKJI~OM y cBiTi. 3 AJib6epTOM BH6paBCR TaKom i ToMa. B3RBIIIH nanHn;i B pyKH, nycTHJIHCR o6n:~Ba niiiiKH ~o IIapH:ma. IIi~ "tJ:ac TIO~opomi )KH:JIH 3 MHJIOCTHHi, a HO"llyBaJIH B MOHaCTHpRX a6o ni~ roJIHM He6oM. Y IJapHmi BOHR 3aMeiiiKaJIH B TaMTeiiiHbOMY MOHaCTHpi 0TIJ,iB ,lJ;oMiHiKaHIJ,iB. ToMa BH3Ha"t£aBCR TIOKOpOlO H TIOCTYTIOM y Hayn;i, Ta BBamaB ce6e Heri~HHM )J{HTH B TOBapHCTBi CBRTHX MOHaxiB Toro MOHaCTHpR. KoJin: cB. AJib6epT no"tJ:aB "tJ:n:TaTH cBoi: BHKJia~H B Ilapn:mi, mo~eH yHiBepCHTeTCbKHH 3aJI He Mir TIOMiCTH:TH BCiX 6amaiO"liHX, TOMY JieKn;ii: Bi~6yBaJIH:CR Ha~BOpi. IleBHO, if ToMa 6yB TO~i rn;o~eHHHM nHJibHHM cJiyxa"tJ:eM BeJIHKoro • B"liHTeJIR. ~e

269

7 6epe3H51

Y To if 3ac 3arrpRHTeJIIOBaB ToM a 3i cTapiiiRM. Bi,n; ce6e cTy,n;eHTOM BoHaBeHTypoiO 3 "IlnHy 0TI.I;iB q>paHu;icKaHu;iB, Maii6yTHiM "cepaqmMChKRM yqRTeJieM". 06R,n;Ba IIpRHTeJii CKJiaJIR 1248 poKy CBOl rrepiiii yHiBepCRTeTChKi iCIIRTR. I.U;e Toro caMoro poKy BepHyJIRCH cB. AJih6epT 3 ToMoiO ,n;o KoJIOHil, ,n;e ToMa rroMaraB cBoeMy Bl.IRTeJieBi BRKJia,n;aTR HayKy cTy,n;eHTaM. B TOM l.lac apxierrncKorr KoJioHi1 BRCBHTRB ToMy Ha CBHID;eHRKa, ru;o ru;e 6iJihiiie 3JiyqRJIO iioro 3 BoroM. mnTT€IIRCeD;h CB. TOMR IIRIIIe, ID;O BiH HK CBHID;eHRK B,n;eHb i BHOl.li D;iJii ro,n;RHR rrpoBo,n;nB y MOJIRTBi, a "rri,n; l.lac ocBHl.leHHH Ha CJiym6i Bomiii 3aJIRBaBCH CJih03aMR, IIOBHiCTIO 3arJIR6JieHRH y 11 TalHCTBa Ta HaiiOBHeHRH 11 IIJIO,n;aMR".

IIpniiiiioB l.lac, KOJIR ToMa rrol.laB BnroJioiiiyBaTR B KoJioHil rro-HiMeD;hKR piaHi ,n;orroBi,n;i if rrporroBi,n;i, HKi BeJIRl.le3Ha ay,n;HTOpiH CJIYXaJia TaK, Hal.le 6 iforo CJIOBa IIOXO,ll;HJIH IIpOCTO Bi,n; Bora. Bo,n;Hol.lac BiH rrHcaB rroncHeHHH ,n;o TBopiB ApicToTeJIH if CBHToro IInchMa. 3ro,n;oM ToMa BepHyBcH ,n;o IIapnma if CKJiaB cBiH ,n;oKTopaT. MaB BiH To,n;i 27 poKiB. KoJIH CB. ToMa rrol.laB BHroJioiiiyBaTR B IIapnmi cBo1 JieKu;il, TO ,n;yme 6araTo 6yJio oxol.IHX cJiyxaTH 1x. CBiTChKRX rrpocpecopiB 3aHeiiOK01ij BeJIRKHH BIIJIRB MOJIO,n;OrO MOHaxa, TOMY BOHR BHCTYIIRJIR rrpoTR 0Tu;iB ,lJ;oMiHiKaHD;iB. CrrpaBa ,n;iii:IIIJia ,n;o PHMa. IIarra OJieKcaH,n;p IV 3BeJiiB rrpn6yTH o6oM CTopoHaM ,n;o Hhoro.

"IIRH 00. ,[(oMiHiKaHu;iB rrpe,n;cTaBJIHB CB. ToMa, HKHH TaK ,n;o6pe o6opoHHB crrpaBy, ru;o IIarra BH,n;aB rrpncy,n; Ha KOPHCTh "IlnHy. Xol.l cTocyHKH 6yJIH if ,n;ani HarrpymeHi, rrpoTe 3aB,n;HKR orriu;i IIarrH yHiBepcHTeT ,n;orrycTRB CB. ToMy ,n;o CKJia,n;aHHH ,n;oKTopchKoro icrrnTy 3i CB. 6orocJioB' H pa3oM 3i CB. BoHaBeHTypoiO. MaB cB. ToMa To,n;i 32 poKR, Ha TPR poKH MeHIIIe, Him yHiBepcnTeTChKRH ycTaB Toro BHMaraB. IIicJIH Toro IIarra 3arrpocHB iioro ,n;o cBoro ,n;Bopy, ,n;e BiH l.IHTaB JieKu;i1 Bl.leHHM, 13,n;RB 3 IIarroiO no pi3HHX MicTax I TaJiil, ,n;e BRroJioiiiyBaB cBo1 ,n;orroBi,n;i. BYB 3aB.iK,ll;H OXOl.IRH ,n;o rrpau;i, XOl.la HiKOJIR He 6a.iKaB BRBRID;eHHH, TOMY He rrpniiHHB Bi,n; IIarrH Kap,n;nHaJihChK01 rroca,n;n.

Y 1269 pou;i CB. ToMa BepHyBCH ,n;o IIapnma. KopoJih cB. Jlro,n;oBiK l.lacTo pa,n;nBCH 3 HHM y ,n;epmaBHRX crrpaBax. Yl.leHi 3 yHiBepCRTeTy 3BepTaJIHCH ,ll;O HhOrO 3a Bi,ll;IIOBi,n;,n;IO B 6orOCJIOBChKOMy ,n;ncrryTi: l.IR B IIpecBHTiH 8BxapHcTil crrpaB.iKHi l.IR TiJihKH yHBHi BR,n;n xJii6a if BHHa. CB. ToMa, rapnl.le rroMOJIRBIIIRCh, HaiiHCaB IIHChMOBY p03Bi,n;Ky, HKy, rrepe,n; THM, HK rrepe,n;aTH yHiBepCHTeTOBi, IIOKJiaB y n;epKBi Ha "BiBTapi. lloMy 3'HBRBCH Icyc XpHcToc i cKa3aB: "TH ,n;o6pe HarrncaB rrpo TaHHY Moro TiJia", rricJIH l.loro CBHTRH rrepe6yBaB y 3axorrJieHHi if ,n;oBrRH

270

7 6epe3Hst

"llaC 6yB IIi,li;HeCeHHH ,li;OropH; 6araTO MOHaXiB Ha BJiaCHi O"lli 6a"liHJIH Te "<~Y,li;O. Ilparuo ToMH rrpHHHSIB SIK rrpaB,li;HBY yHiBepcHTeT, a 3rO,li;OM i BCSI KaTOJIHD;hKa IJ;epKBa. Ili3Hirne, rri,zJ; KiHeu;h JKHTTSI, KOJIH cB. ToM a, Toii "aHreJihChKHH y-qHTeJih", 6yB y MicTi CaJiepMo :i1 rrHcaB TpeTIO "llaCTHHY cBoro TBopy "CyMMa" rrpo XpHcToBy MYKY :i1 BOCKpeciHHSI, 6paT-3axpHcTiSIH 6a"<~HB :iioro BHO"lli B u;epKBi B IIi,zJ;HeCeHHi rrepe,ll; BiBTapeM . To,zJ;i BHpa3HHH rOJIOC, :W:O IIOXO,li;HB, Ma6yTh, 3 p03II'SITTSI, CKa3aB ,li;O HhOro: "TOMO, TH ,li;06pe HaiiHCaB rrpo MeHe; SIKOl 6amaern HaropO,li;H?" A CBSITHH Bi,li;IIOBiB: "Hi"lloro, KpiM Te6e caMoro, rocrrO,zJ;H!" ToMa 6yB rrpo<}lecopoM y PHMi, a 3rO,li;OM - y HearroJii. TaM 1273 poKy, B ,zJ;eHh CB. MHKOJiaSI, Bi,li;IIpaBJISilO"liH y KaiiJIHD;i CJiym6y Bomy, o,zJ;epmaB HOBe o6'SIBJieHHSI, SIKe 3po6HJIO Ha Hboro TaKe CHJibHe BpameHHSI, :W:O BiH rrepeCTaB IIHCaTH M ,li;HKTyBaTH cBi:ii Ha:i16iJihiliHH TBip "CyMMa TeoJioriKa". KoJIH o. Per'iHaJI,ll;, CIIOBi,li;HHK CB. TOMH, IIO"llaB 3aOXO"llyBaTH HOrO rrpO,li;OBJKyBaTH rrpau;ro, BiH Bi,zJ;rroBiB: "HacTaB KiHeu;~> Moi::ii rrpau;i. Bee Te, :w;o SI HaiiHCaB, BH,ll;a€ThCSI MeHi Hi"liHM HaiipOTH TOrO, :W:O MeHi o6' SIBJieHo".

CaMe B TOM -qac Bi,zJ;6yBaBcSI BceJieHChKHH Co6op y JiioHi, :w;o MaB Ha MeTi u;epKOBHe o6'e,zJ;HaHHSI Cxo,LJ;y i 3axo,zJ;y. Ilarra rrpocHB cB. ToMy rrpH6yTH Ha Co6op i rrpHBe3TH 3 co6oro pe3Bi,li;KY "IIpoTH rroMHJIOK rpeKiB". AJie ,li;Opororo ToMa 3aHe,zJ;ymaB. Mora 3aHeCJIH ,LJ;O MoHacTHPSI 0Tu;iB CHcTepciB, SIKi :w;Hpo HHM orriKyBaJIHCSI. Komi CB. ToMa JiemaB xBopH:ii y KeJiil a6aTa, 3iHiliJIHCSI MOHaXH Ta rrpOCHJIH HOrO IIOSICHHTH lM "IIicHIO rriceHh". BiH XOTiB u;e 3p06HTH, Ta BJKe He Mir. Yci rro6a"liHJIH, ID;O BiH IIOMHpae.

BHcrroBi,zJ;aBrnHch BOCTaHHe rrepe,zJ; o. Per'iHaJI,li;OM, rrpHHHSIB ToMa cB. IlpH"llaCTSI 3 pyK a6aTa i, CKJia,zJ;aiO"liH IIO,li;SIKY IcycoBi, HKY BiH caM HanHcaB, Bi,zJ;,zJ;aB Bory CBOIO CBSITY ,zJ;yrny 7 6epe3HSI 1274 poKy, Ha 50 pou;i JKHTTSI. Taro caMoro ,li;HSI :iioro Y"<~HTeJib CB. AJib6epT BeJIHKHii, SIKHH 6yB TO,LJ;i B KoJioHil, 3anJiaKaB y rrpHCYTHOCTi MOHaxiB i cKa3aB: "BpaT ToMa 3 AKBiHo, Miii CHH y XpHcTi, SIKHH 6yB cBiTJIOM IJ;epKBH, rroMep. Bar MeHi u;e o6' SIBHB". liana IBaH XXII KaHoHi3yBaB :iioro 1323 poKy. TiJio CBoro CBSIToro 0Tu;i )l;oMiHiKaHu;i 1367 poKy Ha,li;3BH"llai1Ho BPO"<~HCTo rrepeBe3JIH ,li;O Ty JIY3H. II ana CB. IIiii V rrporoJIOCHB :iioro Y"liHTeJieM IJ;epKBH, a 1880 poKy liana JleB XIII oroJIOCHB :iioro OIIiKyHOM ycix KaTOJIHD;hKHX yHiBepCHTeTiB, aKa,zJ;eMiH, KOJiefiH i IliKiJI. CB. ToMa 36araTHB KaTOJIHD;hKY IJ;epKBy 20 TOMaMH cBoi:x TBopiB, roJIOBHO <}liJiococpchKHx i 6orocJIOBCbKHx. Moro 3acJiyra

271

7 6epe3HH

B TO My, IIJ;O BiH mnwpHCTaB TBOpH CJiaBHOrO •ApiCTOTeJI.H ,ll;JI.H CTBOpeHH.H IJ;iJIOl CHCTeMH XpHCTH.HHCbKOl <}liJIOCO<}lil. 1\:piM TOrO, Harm: caB nO.HCHeHH.H ,11;0 MOJIHTOB "0T"'e Ham", "BorOpO,ll;HIJ;e .ll:iBo" ft "BipyiO", ,n;aB Bi,n;noBi,n;i Ha p.H,n; CKJia,ll;HHX, HeBHB"'eHHX nHTaHh. Haft6iJihlliHM ftoro TBopoM e "CyMMa TeoJioriKa", r:o;o e HaftnoBHirnnM no.HcHeHH.HM 6orocJioB' .H B cBiTi. IIpan;IOBaB Ha,n; HHM n' .HTh poKiB, aJie He ,n;oKiH"'HB ftoro l:Iepe3 nepe,n;l:IacHy CMepTh. Ha 6amaHH.H nann Yp6aHa IV BiH HanncaB 6orocJiym6y Ha l:IeCTh IIpecB.HToi: €BxapncTi1, .HKa BH3Ha"'aE:ThC.H HayKoBoiO ,n;oKJia,n;HicTIO, Ha)1;3BH'!aHHO MHCTeiJ;hKHM BHKJia,ll;OM Ta HimHiCTIO CB.HTHX notiyBaHh y npocJiaBi €BxapHCTiHHOro rocrro,n;a. HanncaB TaKom 4 rapHi n;epKOBHi CJiaBHi, .HKi CIIiBaiOTh y JiaTHHChKOMY o6p.H,n;i, roJIOBHO npn BHCTaBJieHHi HaftcB.HTirnnx Taii:H. BeJIHKHMH 6yJIH rroKopa ft ,n;yx MOJIHTBH CB. ToMH, .HKHH 6iJihllie B'IHBC.H y CTiii xpeCTa, Him 3 KHHmOK. lloro CnOBi,ll;HHK o. Per'iHaJI,n; CKa3aB, r:o;o "cBo'i Ha,n;JBH"'all:Hi 3HaHH.H ToMa 3aB,ll;.H'IyBaB He TaK CBOE:MY reHieBi, .HK CBOlM MOJIHTBaM. BiH cJii3HO MOJIHBC.H, r:o;o6 o,n;epmaTH Bi,n; Bora po3yMiHH.H lloro TalHCTB, i BiH OTpHMyBaB 6amaHe npOCBitieHH.H p03YMY".

CB. ToMa cKa3aB .HKOCh, r:o;o BiH He MaB r:o;o,n;o cBoi:x BeJIHKHX ,n;apyBaHb mKOJIH CIIOKYC rop,n;ocTi ft nycTOl CJiaBH, 6o BiH Bi,n;pa3y nporaH.HB i:x ,n;yMKOIO npo i:xHift Hepo3yM. BeJIHKHH B"'eHHH 3aBm,ll;H noBamaB iHlliHX 6iJibllie, Him ce6e, Ha)1;3BH"'aHHO noKipHO BHCJIOBJIIOBaB CBOIO ,n;yMKy; ,ll;HCKYTYIO"'H, HiKOJIH He Bi,ll;KH,ll;aB iHrni rrorJI.H,n;H rocTpHMH cJioBaMH, He Ka3aB Hi"'oro npnKporo ,n;JI.H iHrnnx. KoJirr BiH 6yB r:o;e MOJio,n;nM cxoJiaCTHKOM y IIapnmi ft rri,n; "'ac "'HTaHH.H B TpaneJi ftoro BHnpaBHJIH, CB.HTHH noKipHo npnll:H.HB norrpaBKy, xo"' 3HaB, r:o;o n:e 6yJio He,n;ope"'HO. KoJIH nOTiM ftoro IIHTaJIH, 'IDMY BiH npHRH.HB TaKy HeCJIYlliHY nonpaBKy, BiH Bi,ll;IIOBiB: "IJ;e He Mae BeJIHKOrO 3Ha"'eHH.H: 'IH CKJia,ll; 6y,n;e ,ll;OBrHft, "'ll KOpOTKHH, aJie rOJIOBHe -- npaKTHKyBaTH nOKOpy ft nOCJiyx".

KoJIH o,n;Horo pa3y ToMa 6yB y BoJIOHhl, o,n;nH 6paT-MOHax CnJiyTaB ftoro 3 iHlliHM MOHaXOM i nonpOCHB ftoro niTH 3 HHM ,11;0 MicTa Ja noKynKaMrr. CB. ToMa 3HaB, r:o;o 6paT noMHJIHBC.H, rrpoTe He rrpoTHBHBC.H, a rroKipHo nirnoB 3 HHM. OcKiJihKH BiH HaJI.Hras Ha HOry, 6paT ,l{OKOp.HB HOMy, lil;O TaK nOBOJii XO,l{HTb. ,[{oBi,l{aBlliHCb nOTiM, KOMY BiH TOrO ,ll;H.H ,ll;OKOp.HB, IIJ;HpO 3aCMYTHBC.H i

JJJ>P.YJ'l~ }' v~v'l'l'J>7J> AJJ>J>P&J;T.f.».».d'"

)'p,y~ .JI)~...UP.JI)..,p; ':H~ >Kypnch, ,n;opornft 6paTe, -- n:e MO.H BHHa ... .H maJIKyiO, r:o;o He

.h P.J3"

Mir 6yTH T06i KOpHCHHM". 1\:0JIH iHllii MOHaXH nHTaJIH ftoro, 'IOMy BiH Bi,n;pa3y He cKa3aB 6paToBi, xTo BiH, CB.HTHH Bi,n;noBiB: "IlocJiyX -- n;e ,ll;OCKOHaJiiCTh "'epHel:Ioro mHTTH,; CHJIOIO nocJiyxy

272

8

6epe3H5~

.niO.n;RHa rri.n;Kop.HeThCH .nro.n;nHi 3 .nro6oBi .n;o Bora TaK, HK Bor IIOC.nymRB fllO,D;HM ,D;flH lXHhOI'O crraciHHH".

TaKRM 6yB Be.nRKRM .n;oMiHiKaHer.:t;h, YtiRTe.nh IJ;epKBR ToMa 3 AKBiHo, ro.noBa KaTo.nnr.:t;hKRx 6oroc.noBiB. ·~

8 6epe3HJ'I

CB.HTIIH TEOct»IJIAKT CB. Teo<lJi.naKT rrpn6yB IOHaKoM 3 A3i1 .n;o IJ;apropo.n;a. IIaTpiapx Tapac, cno.n;o6aBIIIR co6i no6omHoro x.norrtiRHy, .n;aB H:oMy .n;o6py ocBiTy. IIo6atiRBIIIR, m;o BiH Mae rroK.nRK .n;o 'IepHe'Ioro mHTTH, cB. Tapac rroc.naB H:oro pa30M 3 IOHaKoM MHxa:H:.noM .n;o MOHaCTHpH, HKRM caM 3acHyBaB Ha.n; Boc<lJopoM. Ko.nn BOHH IIpOmH.nH TaM Ki.nhKa pOKiB i BHHBR.nH CBOIO II060mHiCTh, CB. Tapac BHK.nRKaB 1x .n;o IJ;apropo.n;a i BHCBHTHB Teo<Pi.naKTa Ha errHcKorra HiKoMi.n;i1, a MHxa:H:.na Ha errncKorra CHHa.n;H. HK errHCKOII cB. Teo<Pi.naKT Bi.n;.n;aBcH rroBHiCTIO MO.nHTBi H: .n;o6po'IHHHOCTi. BiH orriKyBaBCH B6orHMH, B,ll;OBaMH, cHpOTaMH M 6omeBi.nhHHMH, a CBOIO .ni060B ,ll;O c.niiiHX, Ka.niK i He,ll;ymHX BHHBflHB THM, Ill;O XO,D;HB 3 pyiiiHHKOM, o6MRBalOtiH Ta rrepeB'H~ 3YIOtiH lXHi paHH. Ko.nH iMnepaTop JleB BipMeHHH Bi,ll;HOBHB iKoHo6op'Iy epech, HacTyrrHHK CB. Tapaca Ha rraTpiaprnoMy rrpecTo.ni CB. HHKH<lJop CK.nHKaB Co6op, m;o Bi.n;6yBcH y IJ;apropo.n;i B rrpHcyTHOCTi iMrrepaTopa. CB. Teo<Pi.naKT Ta iHrni B'IeHi errHCKOIIH .n;ocTOMHO H: rrepeKOH.nRBO IIOHCHH.nR c.nyrnHiCTh BIIIaHyBaHHH CB. o6pa3iB, a BO,D;HO'IaC IIOMH.nKy iKOH060pr.:t;iB, O,ll;HaK iMrrepaTop 3a.nHIIIHBCH 3aTBep.n;i.nHM y cBo'ix epeTHr.:t;hKHX rror.nH.n;ax. Ko.nH Bme. Bci npoMoBu;i BHc.noBH.nRCh, CB. Teo<Pi.naKT cTaB rrepe.n; iMrrepaTopoM i CKa3aB npopo'Ii c.noBa: "H 3HaiO, m;o TR rrorop.n;myern BomoiO Teprre.nHBicTIO. A.ne, Ha'Ie 6ypeBi:H:, Brra.n;e Ha Te6e Hem;acTH H: CTpaiiiHa CMepTh, i He 6y.n;e HiKOI'O, Ill;06 Te6e BpHTyBaTH".

CTparnHe rrpopor.:t;TBO rrpo CMepTh iMrrepaTopa crroBHH.nocH c.noBo B c.noBo. Ko.nH 820 poKy BiH 6yB Ha YTpeHi B .n;eHh CBHTa XpHCTOBoro Pi3.n;Ba, Ha Hhoro Harra.nH 3MOBHHKH; iMrrepaTop YXOIIHB 3 BiBTapH xpecTa i CTaB HHM 6opOHHTHCH, a.ne HanaCHHKH B6H.nH H:oro B Karr.nHtir.:t;i, IIOKH npn6y.na o6opoHa .

• 273

8 6epe3H51

CB.HTHH IBAH BOmHH• CB. IBaH Bo)lm:ii, JacHOBHYIK l..JYIHY llirrYITaJihHYIX BpaTiB ,D;JI.H IIiKJiyBaHH.H 3a He,D;y.»<YIMYI, HapO,D;YIBC.H

1495

poKy B rro6o.mHiH

rropTyraJihChKiii po,n;YIHi Ciro.u;a.u; • .HK iioMy 6yJio ciM poKiB, BiH yTiK 3 6aThKiBCbKoro ,u;oMy. Crro"llaTKY Haii:H.HBC.H rracTyxoM B o,u;Horo rpaqJa, rroTiM JaiiYICaBc.H ,ll;O icrraHCbKOrO BiHChKa i 6opOBC.H IIpOTYI <l:JpaHIJ,y3iB i TypKiB.

Y

BiHCbKY IIOTpaiiYIB y 3Jie TOBapHCTBO, rrepecTaB rrpYICTyiiaTYI ,!J;O CB. TaHH i MOJIHTYIC.H, CTaB BeCTH CBaBiJibHe .»<YITT.H. IJiCJI.H BiHHH 3HOBY CTaB IIaCTYXOM. KoJIH lBaHy BHIIOBHHJIOCb copoK poKiB, BiH 3a,u;yMaBc.H Ha,u; CBOlM IIOIIepe,n;HiM rpiWHYIM }KHTT.HM, BHpiWYIB BHIIpaBHTHCb Ta CIIOKyTyBaTH CBOl rpiXYI, a HaCaMrrepe,n; TOM, 111,0 CB08IO BTe"llelO 3 ,D;OMY CIIpYI"'IYIHYIB rrepe,n;"llaCHy CMepTb CBOel MaTepi.

3

TOrO "'lacy

BiH y,u;eHb i BHO"lli MOJIYIBC.H, HaKJia,n;aB Ha ce6e pi3Hi rroKyTH ii yMepTBiHH.H, -qacTo orrJiaKyBaB CBOIO HeB,D;.H"'IHicTb II.lO,D;o Bora Ta IIOCTiHHO ,n;yMaB, .HK 611 HaMKpa111,e rrpHCB.HTHTH pewTy CBOrO .»<HTT.H fOCIIO,D;eBi. Maro"'IH BpaaJIHBe cepu.e

.u;o

JIIO,D;CbKOro rop.H, BiH BYI6paBc.H B

A<l:JpHKY ~ Ha,n;iero, 111,0 TaM 3Mome .u;orroMorTYI xpHCTH.HHCbKHM HeBiJibHHKaM, 3 .HKYIMYI mopCTOKO IIOBO,ll;HJIHC.H Ha Ba.»<KHX po6oTaX. ,lJ;yMaB HaBiTb rrpo My"l{eHHIJ,bKHH BiHeiJ,b.

Y

fi6paJITapi 3YCTpiB O,ll;HY rropTyraJibCbKY pO,D;YIHY, .HKY

KopoJib rro36aBHB Maii:Ha i rrporHaB 3 Kparo. !BaH ,n;orroMaraB

1M,

"'IHM Mir, IIOCJiyroByBaB 6e3IIJiaTHO, Ba.»<KO rrpaiJ,IOBaB, 111,06 CBOlM 3apo6iTKOM ,ll;OIIOMaraTH lM. AJie KOJIYI XTOCb 3 Tiel pO,D;HHYI Bi,D;CTYIIHB Bi,D; Bora, BiH p03Jly"l{HBC.H 3 HHMH i He3a6apOM BepHyBC.H ,D;O IcrraHii:, THM 6iJihWe, 111,0 O,D;HH crroBi,n;HYIK cKaaaB iioMy, 111,0 iioro 6a.maHH.H My"lleHHIJ,TBa e CaM006MaHOM. IloBepHyBWHCb 3 fi6paJITapy, BiH XO,ll;HB 3 MiCTa ,D;O MiCTa, rrpo,u;aBaB CB. o6pa3KH ii KHYimKH, HaBiTh MaB y fpaHa,u;i KpaMHH"'IKy.

Y

Byno

To,u;i iioMy

43

poKH.

,u;eHb cB. CeBacTi.HHa, KOJIH B fpaHa,u;i 6yno BeJIHKe CB.HTO,

IIpOIIOBi,D;yBaB y MiCIJ,eBiH IJ,epKBi CJiaBHHH IIpOIIOBi,D;HHK, 6JiameHHHH !BaH 3 ABiJii. Moro rrporroBi,D;h crrpaBHJia Ha lBaHa TaKe CHJihHe BpameHH.H, 111,0 BiH IIpOCTO B IJ,epKBi IIO"llaB rOJIOCHO KpH"llaTYI, 6YITH ce6e B rpy,u;YI Ta 6naraTH Bo.moro MYIJiocep,n;.H .

IloTiM, Ha"lle 6o.meBiJibHHH, BYI6ir 3 IJ,epKBH Ha BYJIYil:.J;IO, IIOp03KH,D;aB CBOl KHH}KKYI, IIOpBaB Ha C06i O,D;e.my, pBaB Ha C06i BOJIOCC.H i

TaK rroBO,D;YIBC.H, II.lO JIIO,D;H rro-qaJIYI 6HTH iioro rraJIYII..J;.HMH ii

o6KH,n;aTH KaMiHH.HM. BepHyBWHCh y .maJIIOri,u;HoMy cTaHi .u;o,u;oMy,

274

8 6epe3Hs:l

BiH p03,ll;aB yBeCb CBiH KpaM i, Halle B p03IIYII;i, IIO'IaB 6JiyKaTM BYJIMII;.HMM, ,n;oKM .HKicb MMJiocep,n;Hi JIID,ll;H He 3aBeJIH iioro, 3aKpMBaBJieHoro ii 6py,n;Horo .n;o 6naJKeHHoro IBaHa 3 ABiJii. Toil IIOrOBOpMB 3 HMM, BMCJiyXaB CIIOBi,ll;b YCbOrO HOrO JKMTT.H, ,n;aB HOMY Bi,ll;IIOBi,n;Hy HayKy Ta o6iii;.HB ,ll;OIIOMOrTH. IliCJI.H CB. CIIOBi,n;i !BaH 6yB .HKHHCb 'laC CIIOKiHHHH, Ta 3rO,ll;OM 3HOBY IIO'IaB IIOBO,ll;MTMC.H TaK HeCaMOBHTO, ID;O HOrO Bi,n;,n;aJIH ,!1;0 6y,n;HHKY ,ll;JI.H 6omeBiJihHMX. TaM BiH 6araTo HaTepniBc.H, 6o, 3ri,n;Ho 3 To,n;iniHiMM cnoco6aMM niKyBaHH.H 6omeBiJihHHX, iioro 6HJIH ii KOIIaJIM, m;o6 onaM' .HTaTM. KoJIM npo u;e ,n;oBi,n;aBc.H 6nameHHHH !BaH 3 ABini, TO npMHIIIOB Bi,n;Bi,n;aTM iioro. Xo'l TiJio lBaHa BoJKoro 6yno BKpMTe paHaMM, HOrO ,n;yx pBaBC.H ,!1;0 HOBHX TepniHb i BIIOKOpeHb. To,n;i 0. !BaH CKaaaB iioMy, m;o BiH yJKe .n;ocTaTHbO Bi,n;6yB Ha,n;3BM'IaiiHo1 IIOKYTM, a Tenep IIOBHHeH 3aHH.HTHC.H 'IHMOCb HOBHM, ID;O 6yJIO 6 KOPHCHe ,n;JI.H iioro ,n;yiiii ii .n;o6pa 6JIMJKHix. Ilo'lyBIIIM Ti cJioBa, !BaH Bi.n;pa3y CTaB CIIOKiHHHM, Ha BeJIHKe 3,ll;HByBaHH.H IIIIIHTaJibH01 o6cnyrH. IIicJI.H Bi,n;Bi,n;HH cBoro cnoBi,n;HHKa !BaH 3aJIHIIIHBC.H m;e .HKHHCb 'laC B JiiKapHi, aJie Tenep BiH yJKe CaM IIOCJiyroByBaB XBOpMM. BHHIIIOB !BaH 3 niKapHi 3 ,n;yMKOlO, m;o6 3po6MTH m;och .n;o6pe ,n;JI.H xBopHx. Ilicn.H npom;i .n;o 'ly,n;oTBOpHoro o6pa3Y BoJKo1 MaTepi B fBa,ll;aJilOIIe, IIO'IaB IIpo,n;aBaTH B fpaHa.n;i .n;epeBO, ID;06 TaKMM 'IHHOM 3apo6HTH rpoiiieii ,n;JI.H .n;onoMorM B6orMM. HeB,n;OB3i KYIIHB XaTy ,ll;JI.H XBOp01 6i,ll;HOTH. TaK nocTaB HOBHH qHH MHnocep,n;.H, m;o 3a BoJKMM 6narocnoBeHH.HM IIOIIIHpHBC.H IIOTiM IIOBCIO,ll;H. !BaH II;iJIHMH ,ll;H.HMH ,ll;OrJI.H,ll;aB XBOpHX, a HO'IaMH BHXO,ll;HB IIIyKaTH HOBHX, .HKi IIOTpe6YBaJIM JilO,ll;CbKOrO MHJIOCep,n;.H. )];o6pi JilO,ll;H IIO'IaJIH ,ll;06pOBlJibHO npHCHJiaTH CB01 IIOJKepTBH Ha YTPMMaHH.H MaJI01 !BaHOB01 JiiKapHi. f paHa,ll;CbKHH apxieiiHCKOII TaK 3aXOIIMBC.H ,n;iJiaMM Jil060Bi ,ll;JI.H ,n;yrni H TiJia He,n;yJKHX y TiM JiiKapHi, ID;O OXO'Ie no'laB ni.n;TpMMyBaTM 11 noBaJKHHMM cyMaMM rpoiiieii. Toil npHKJia,n; apxienHcKona no'laJIM Hacni,n;yBaTH ii iHIIIi JIID,n;H, pi3HHMH cnoco6aMH <PiHaHCYID'IM IBaHoBy niKapHIO. CnpaBolO lBaHa 3au;iKaBMBC.H enHcKon 3 Tyii, .HKMH 6yB ronoBolO KoponiBCbKoro cy.n;y B fpaHa,n;i. O,n;Horo ,n;H.H BiH 3aiipOCMB lBaHa ,!1;0 ce6e Ha o6i,n;, a KOJIH TOM IIOKipHMH OIIiKyH XBOpHx po3yMHO Bi,n;noBiB iioMy Ha pi3Hi IIHTaHH.H, Ha,ll;3BH'IaiiHo B,ll;OBOJieHHH enHcKon Ha3BaB iioro "!BaH BoJKHii", cKa3aB iioMy HOCMTH Bi,ll;IIOBi,ll;HY p.Hcy, XO'I CaM !BaH 30BCiM He ,n;yMaB IlpO 3aCHYBaHH.H .HKorocb MOHaiiioro TOBapHCTBa. Toil KpoK 3H'IJIHBoro enMcKona路MaB TOM Hacni,n;oK, m;o 'lepe3 6 niT nicJI.H cMepTi !BaHa

275

8 6epe3H51

lloro "illrrHTaJihHi BpaTT.H" o,u;epmaJIH Bi,u;rroBi,u;HHll -qepHe"tJ:Hll ycTaB, a 20 poKaMH rri3Hirne rro"tJ:aJIH CKJia,u;aTn -qepHe"tJ:i o6iTH

(1570 p.).

O,u;Horo ,u;HR rrpHlllliOB ,u;o JiiKapHi cB. IBaHa Bomoro o,u;HH lliJI.HXTH"tJ:, rrpoc.H"tJ:H ,u;aTH llOMY MHJIOCTHHID, 6o BiH MYCHTh 3BepHYTHC.H ,u;o cy,u;y, a He Mae rpornell. U:e 3po6HB TOll rraH ,u;JI.H Toro, ~o6 BHrrpo6yBaTH CB.HToro, "tJ:H BiH crrpaB,u;i 6e3KOpRCHHll. CB. IBaH ,u;aB TOMY rraHoBi Bci 25 ,u;yKaTiB, .HKi MaB To,u;i B Kaci. illJI.HXTR"tJ: 6yB y 3axorrJieHHi Bi,u; B"tJ:HHKY CB.HToro i, BepTaiO"tJ:H II03H"tJ:Ky, ,li;O,ll;aB ~e Bip; ce6e 150 30JIOTHX KOpOH, a TaKO:!K CTaB IIOCHJiaTH KO:!KHOrO ,li;H.H ,11;0 JiiKapHi rrpOT.HrOM CBOrO rrepe6yBaHH.H B fpaHap;i 150 XJii6iB, 4 BiBIJ;i ll 6 Kyp"tJ:aT. CB. IBaH BomRll 6yB 3am,u;R ~e,u;pnll, aJie BiH 6amaB ,u;aTR rroTpe6yiO"tJ:HM ~och 6iJihrne, Him rpornoBy MHJIOCTHHID. KoJIH B lloro JiiKapHi crraJiaxHyJia rromema, BiH 6iJihrny "tJ:aCTHHY CBOIX He,ll;y:!KHX IIOBHHOCHB 3 JiiKapHi Ha CBOIX IIJie"tJ:aX, i XO"tJ: IIPOXO,li;HB Kpi3h BOrOHh, CTO.HB cepe,u; IIOJiyM'.H, u;e llOMY He 3alliKO,li;HJIO. IJpo CBOIX He,u;y:>KHX BiH ,u;6aB, ~06 BOHR BepTaJIHC.H He TiJihKH ,u;o 3,u;opoB'.H, aJie ll ,u;o rro6omHoro :!KHTT.H. KomHoro paHKY BiH iiiioB 3 KiMHaTH ,u;o KiMHaTH ll "tJ:HTaB xBopnM MOJIHTBH. A B,ll;eHh, KOJIH MaB BiJihHY rO,li;HHY, ci,u;aB 6iJI.H XBOpHX i rOBOpHB IM rrpo 6e3MemHy Eo my ,u;o6poTy, ~o He Bi,u;Kn,u;ae ll Hall6iJihrnoro rpirnHHKa. A ocKiJihKR BiH caM cKyrnTyBaB Ha co6i TY MHJIOCep,u;Hy JII060B, TO iCTOpielO CBOrO :!KRTT.H 3BOpylliHB He O,li;He cepu;e Ta HaBepHyB ,u;o Bora.

Y JiiKapHi cB. IBaHa Bomoro 6yJIO ,u;oBoJii Micu;.H He TiJihKH ,li;JI.H XBOpHX; BiH BBa:>KaB CBOIM o6oB'.H3KOM ,li;OIIOMaraTH BCiM IIOTpe6yiD"tJ:HM. ,ll;JI.H IJ;hOrO BiH 36HpaB iHif_:)OpMaiJ;ilO IIpO B60rHX ITO BCill IIpOBiHIJ;ii Ta ,li;OIIOMaraB lM, .HK Mir; O,li;HHM IIOCHJiaB IIOMi"tJ: ,li;O,li;OMy, iHlliHM rnyKaB rrpau;IO, ,li;JI.H MOJIO,li;HX ,u;iB"tJ:aT cTapaBc.H rrpo 6e3rre"tJ:He :>KHTJIO ll Bi,u;rroBi,u;Hy po6oTy. KpiM Toro, -qacTo 6paB ,u;o pyK cB. xpecTa i crrirnHB ,u;o 3aTBep,u;iJIHX rpilliHHKiB, 3 CJih03aMH Ha O"tJ:aX CXHJI.HlO"tJ:H IX ,11;0 Ka.HTT.H. Xo"tJ: cB. IBaH BomHll 6yB ,u;yme aKTHBHHll, Ta Bech -qac Mallme 6e3rrepecTaHKY MOJIRBC.H ll cyBopo BMepTBJI.HBC.H. BiH 6yB -qacTo y ,li;YXOBHOMY rri,u;HeCeHHi, MaB ,u;ap Ha,I1;3BH"tJ:allHOI MOJIHTBHKOHTeMIIJI.HIJ;ii:.

BiH Jia,u;HaB HaBiTh ,u;e.HKi crrpaBH y KopoJiiBChKOMY ,u;Bopi B BanJia,u;oJii,u;i. To,u;i KopoJih i KH.H3i ,u;aJIH llOMY BeJIRKY MHJIOCTHHIO. BHlllliOBrnH 3 KopoJiiBChKOI rraJiaTH, Bi,u;pa3y po3,u;aBaB Ti ,u;apn B6orHM. O,u;Horo pa3y .HKaCh miHKa Ha3BaJia CB.HToro o6Jiy,u;HHKOM i o6i3BaJia iioro JiallJIHBo; IBaH BomRll ,u;aB Ill Tpoxn

276

8 6epe3HH rporneR i IIpOCHB ii IIOBTOpHTH Te CaMe Mim JIIO,ll;hMH Ha ToproBmu;i.

KoJIH CB. orriKyH y6ornx iiiioB 3 ,n;BOMa 6aH.HKaMH 3YIIH, rri,n;BiillaHHMH Ha MOTY3KY ,li;O IllHl, B MiCTO a6o BepTaBC.fl ,li;O,li;OMY 3 XBOpOID ,li;HTHHOIO "liM OIIYXJIHM CTapu;eM Ha IIJie"l!aX, TO He <Mir He 6a"'IHTH Hi"'IHHX rpixiB MiCTa. To,n;i CTaB ,n;yMaTH, .HK 6H THM Hem;acHHM ,n;aTH rrop.HTYHOK. KoJIH rrpnxo,n;nJia rr'HTHHIJ;H, BiH 3 ,n;yMKOID rrpo XpncTOBe rroHnmeHH.H RillOB ,n;o 6y,n;HHKY rpixa, TaM CTaBaB rrepe,n; p03IIYCHHMH ,n;iB"l!aTaMH Ha KOJiiHa i 6JiaraB IX IIOKHHyTH 6e3COpOMHY ,n;opory. Crro"llaTKY BOHR CMi.HJIHC.fl R 6HJIH Roro, aJie 3ro,n;oM Boma JiacKa rropyiiiyBaJia cepu;.H rpirnHHIJ;h, 6araTO 3 HHX IIOKH,D;aJIO ,n;iM p03IIYCTH Ta Bi,n;,n;aBaJIH CBOl ,n;yrni B orriKy CB.HToMy. A BiH, crrJiaTHBillH 'ixHi 6oprn, Bi,n;B03HB 'ix y ,IJ;aJieKi MiCTa, ,n;e 3HaXO,li;HB ,li;JI.fl HHX po6oTy, a "'I aCTO i "lleCHe rro,n;pymm.H. A m;o6 y6eperTH B6ornx ,n;iB"llaT Bi,n; aMopaJihHOCTi "l!epe3 HeCTaTKH, IIO"l!aB 3aCHOByBaTH IIpHTYJIKH ,li;JI.fl 6e3,D;OMHHX, ,n;e 6 BOHR MOrJIH 6e3IIJiaTHO lliHTH R xap"llyBaTHC.H. 3 JII060B'IO OIIiKyBaBC.fl 6omeBiJihHHMH Ta CTapaBC.fl rrpo 30BCiM iHIIIY ,li;OIIOMOry ,li;JI.H THX Hei.IJ;aCHHX, Him 3a3HaB ll Ha co6i.

O,n;Horo ,n;HH rrpHKJIHKaB Roro ,n;o ce6e Micu;eBHR apxierrncKorr i rroKa3aB ROMY cKapry, HKa rrpHRIIIJia ,n;o Hhoro: Ha"l£e6To BiH y CBO'ill: JiiKapHi TpHMae pi3HHX BOJIOIJ;IDr Ta He"l!~HX miHOK. To,n;i CB. IBaH CTaB rrepe,n; apxieiiHCKOIIOM Ha KOJiiHa i CKa3aB: "CHH l:.fOJIOBi"'IHR IIpHRillOB ,li;JI.H crraciHH.fl rpiillHHKiB, i MH TaKOlli 3o6oB'.H3aHi cTapaTHC.H 'ix HaBepHyTH. H 3a.HBJIHID, m;o .H He 3Haro B cBo'iR JiiKapHi 3JIO'i oco6n, KpiM ce6e caMoro, m;o crrpaB,n;i He ri,D;HHR lCTH XJii6a B60rHX".

Y TaKHX ,n;iJiax Jiro6oBi ,n;o 6JIHmHix rrpomHB CB. lBaH BomHR 10 JiiT. I To,n;i rrpHRillOB Hecrro,n;iBaHo KiHeu;h. O,n;Horo ,n;H.a: rri,n; "'laC BeCH.HHHX IIOBeHeR JIOBHB 3aHeCeHe BO,li;OlO ,n;epeBO, ID;06 rrpo,n;aTH Ha IIpOlliHTOK ,li;JI.H CBOlX XBOpHX, TO II06a"l!HB, .HK O,li;HH XJIOIIeiJ;h BIIaB y BO,D;y. CB.HTHR KHHYBC.fl 3a HHM, Bp.HTyBaB Roro, aJie CaM IIpOCTY,D;HBC.fl i 3 BeJIHKOIO rap.H"'IKOID BepHyBC.H ,li;O,li;OMy. HeB,n;OB3i BOHa 3BaJIHJia Roro 3 Hir. O,n;Ha rraHi Ha iM' H Occopio rrpnRrnJia Bi,n;Bi,n;aTH IBaHa Bomoro R 3aCTaJia Roro y MaJiiR KeJii'i, HaKpHTHM CTapHM IIJiai.IJ;eM, a IIi,D; rOJIOBOIO 3aMiCTh IIO,D;YillKH 6yB TOR KOillHK, 3 .HKHM BiH xo,n;HB 36npaTH MHJIOCTHHID ,n;JI.H CBOlX y6orHX. ,lJ;OBKOJia CTO.HJIH ROrO 6i,n;Hi XBOpi Ta peBHO rrJiaKaJIH. IIaHi Occopio Bi,n;pa3y rrocJiaJia BiCTKY ,n;o apxierrncKorra, a TOR, ,n;o6pe 3HaiO"l£H, HK CB.HTHR yMie ,n;6aTH rrpo CBoe a,n;opoB'H, HaKaaaB cB. IBaHoBi rri,n; "'lac xBopo6n B ychoMy cJiyxaTH rraHi Occopio TaK, HK caMoro apxierrncKorra. Ha Roro Micu;e

•

277

8 6epe3H51 npnaHatJHB apxienncKon ynpaBHTe.JieM JiiKapHi AHiroHa MapTHHa, a naHi Occopio THM tJacoM CB.HToro a6npa.11a B ,n;opory. CB. IBaH npncTynHB ,n;o IIpecB.HTo'i €BxapncTi'i y KaiiJIHu;i, ,n;e TaK ,n;oBro i1: cep,n;etJHO MOJIHBC.H, II(O HOI'O OIIiKyHKa Ka3a.Jia CHJIOIO BHHeCTH :H:oro 3Bi,n;TH, aaHeCTH B KapeTy i aaBe3TH ,n;o cBoro ,n;oMy, ,n;e naHi Occopio ai cBoeiO npnc.11yrmo roTyBa.Jia HOMY JiiKH i1: no.mHBY, a TaKo.m nepetJHTyBa.Jia :H:oMy ai CB.HToro IlHCbMa onnc MyK Icyca XpncTa. Ili,n; tJac tJHTaHHH CB.HTHH tJacTo .ma.JiiBc.H, m;o Ham CnacnTe.Jib y tJac cMepTHoro KOHaHHH IIHB .moBtJ i ou;eT, a :H:oMy, Hym,n;eHHOMy rpimHHKOBi, ,n;aiOTb Jiacom;i.

Ha 3BicTKY npo cMepTe.JILHY He,n;yry npH.HTe.JI.H B6ornx , He,n;y.mnx i Bcix Hem;acHHX aBopyiiiHJIOCH Bee MicTo: IIIJIHXTa i1: MichKi yp.a,n;HHKH npocHJIH :H:oro no6Jiaroc.JIOBHTH i:x . BiH He xoTiB JJ;bOI'O p06HTH, IIaM' .HTaiOtJH, ID;O KOJIHCb 6yB rpiiiiHHKOM; Ti.JibKH B6ornx i xBopnx nopYtJaB 1xHii1: oniu;i. A.11e aro,n;oM, Ha HaKaa apxieiiHCKOIIa, BiH II06Jiai'OCJIOBHB yce MiCTO. IlpH BMHpaiOtJOMY Bi,n;npaBHB apxienncKon C.11y.m6y Bo.my, ,n;aB HOMY CB. IlpntJaCTH i1: 0JIHBOIIOMaaaHHH, a TaKo.m Ha cep,n;etJHe npoxaHHH CBHToro o6iu;.aB crmaTHTH :H:oro 6oprn Ta oniKyBaTHCH :H:oro xBopHMH i1: HaBepHeHHMH rpiiiiHHKaMH. 3aKiHtJH:&.CB . IBaH Bo.mH:H: cBoe .mHTTH Be.JIHKoro Ka.HTTH i1: MHJIOCep,n;.H HaBKOJiiiiiKH nepe,n; BiBTapeM 8 6epe3H.H 1550 pOKy, npo.mHBIIIH 55 JiiT. IloxoBaB :H:oro caM apxienHcKon a yciM ,n;yxoBeHCTBOM, a aa :H:oro ,n;oMOBHHOIO HIIIOB Kopo.JiiBCbKHH ,n;Bip, IIIJIHXTa i1: yce MicTo. Ilic.JI.H cMepTi ,n;iHJIHCH aa aacTynHHIJ;TBOM CB.HToro tJHCJieHHi tJy,n;a. Y 1664 pou;i nepeHeCJIH :H:oro cB. Morn;i ,n;o u;epKBH IllnHTa.JihHHX BpaTiB, a 1690 poKy Ilana OJieKcaH,n;p VIII nporo.JIOCHB :H:oro CB.HTHM. Ilana Ili:H: V KaHoHitJHO rroTBep,n;HB :H:oro LJHH Mn.11ocep,n;.a ,n;JIH noc.11yrn XBOpHM, a 1886 Ilana JleB XIII nporo.JIOCHB cB. IBaHa Bo.moro oniKyHoM ycix KaTOJIH.IJ;bKHX JiiKapeHh i Bcix He,n;ymnx.

CBoi:M YtJHHM cB. IBaH Bo.mHH tJacTo roBopHB: "CTapa:H:Tec.a 6eanepecTaHKY po6HTH ,n;o6pi cnpaBH, noKH MaeTe tJac" . CBoiO JII060B ,li;O B60I'HX i XBOpHX BiH rri,n;TpHMyBaB IIOCTiHHHMH poa,n;yMaMH Ha,n; TepniHHHMH lcyca XpHcTa, ,n;o .HKoro BiH tJacTo I'OBOPHB: "rociiO,li;H, TBOl TepHOBi KOJIIOtJKH e MOlMH po.maMH, a TBOe TepniHH.H - MOlM paeM" .

278

9 6epeaHSl

CBHTI MY~EHHKH CEBACTIHChKI IMrrepaTop JliKRHi:ii po3rro"tJaB 3ara.rrhHe rrepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpRCTR.HH. Y Karrrra,n;oKil, B MaJii:ii A3il, ,n;e BiH .HKRHCh "tJac rrepe6YBaB, 3BeJiiB yciM XpRCTR.HHaM rri,n; KapOIO CMepTi Bi,n;peKTRC.H XpRCTOBOI BipR. KoJIR Jlici:ii, KOMeH,n;aHT iMTiepaTOpChKOrO BiiichKa, :it A:r'pRKOJia:ii, HaMiCHRK Karrrra,n;oKil :it MaJioi: BipMeHii:, oroJIOCRJIR iMrrepaTopchKRH HaKa3 BiHChKY, COpOK MOJIO,ll;RX BO.HKiB pi3HRX HaiJ;iOHaJibHOCTeH, ID;O CTO.HJIR Ha rrocToiO B CeBacTil, Bi,n;MOBRJIRC.H TipRHeCTR mepTBY rroraHChKRM 6omKaM. Yci BOHR BO.HKiB HaJieJKaJIR ,ll;O CJiaBHOl XpRCTR.HHChKOl "rpoMOBOl Jle:r'ii:", :w;o ~3a iMrrepaTopa MapKa ABpeJii.H cBoero MOJIRTBOIO ll Ha,l];3BM"tJaHHOIO Bi,n;BarOIO rrpR"tJRHRJiac.H ,n;o rrepeMorR Ha,n; :r'aJIJiaMR. CopoK xpRCTR.HHChKRX BO.HKiB CMiJIRBO 3a.HBRJIR, ID;O JKO,n;Hi MYKR He 3MYC.HTh lX Bi,n;cTyTIRTR Bi,n; xpRCTR.HHChKoi: BipR . HaMiCHRK rrpo6yBaB CTIO"tJaTKY o6in;.HHKaMR, TIOTiM rrorpo3aMR BMOBRTR lX ,ll;O Bi,ll;CTYTICTBa; KOJIR 3 D;hOrO Hi"tJoro He BRHIIIJIO, HaKa3aB JKOpCTOKO MY"tJRTR lX, a TIOTiM - KRHYTM ,ll;O B'.H3HRIJ;i, ,n;e BOHR pa30M crriBaJIR 90 rrcaJioM: "TR, :w;o JKRBeiii rri,n; BceBRIIIHhoro rroKpoBOM, ... y BcecRJihHOro TiHi rrpo6yBaeiii". ~epe3 KiJihKa ,n;HiB rrpR6yB .n;o CeBacTii: KOMeH,n;aHT Jlici:ii, .HKRH ,n;apeMHO HaMaraBC.H rrepeKOHaTR XOpo6pRX BO.HKiB 3pa,n;RTR XpHcTa. Po3JIIO'IeHR:ii i:xHhOIO rrocTiiiHicTro, HaMicHRK A:r'pRKoJia:ii HaKa3aB 3aBeCTR COpOK TIOB'.H3aHRX BO.HKiB Ha 3aMep3Jie 03epo i TaM rOJIHX 3aJIRIIIRTR Ha JihO,ll;y TIOBOJii 3aMep3aTn. fio6i"tJ 03epa HaKa3aB TIOCTiHHO orpiBaTn Jia3HIO, :w;o6 TaM Mir CXOBaTHC.H TOll, XTO CXO"tJe Bi,ll;CTYTICTBOM p.RTyBaTR CBO€: JKliTT.R. KoJIH BO.RKH rro'IyJIH rrpncy,n;, a pa,n;icTIO rriiiiJin Ha,n; 6eper, caMi rrocKH,n;aJin o.n;emy, aaoxo"tJyiO"tJH o,n;HH o,n;Horo cJioBaMR, m;o o,n;Ha JIHxa Hill rrpHHece 1M J.IJ;aCJIHBY Bi"tJHiCTh. A Bo,n;Ho"tJac MOJIHJIHC.R: ''rocrro,n;H,

279

9 6epe3H51 Hac copoK y u;iii 6opoTh6i; ,Z~;aii, I.IJ;06 Bci copoK-o,Zl;epma;m: BiHeU.h; I.IJ;06 He 3MaJiiJIO Te CB.HTe "'HICJIO".

MyKa CB. My"llemmiB 6yJia cTpaniHa. CB. BacHJiiii TaK mmcaB

i:l

B CBOiii rrporroBi.Lii Ha qecTh cB. MY"lleHHKiB: "Ha Mopo3i TiJio

Bi,Zl; OXOJIO,Zl;meHH.H KpOBi CIIO'laTKY CHHie, IIOTiM Tp.HCeTbC.H H KOp'IHThC.H, 3y6H IIO'IHHaiOTh cTyKoTiTH, pyKH ii HOrH ,Zl;epeBiiOTh. BiJih ,ll;OIIIKYJI.He am ,ll;O KOCTeii, TerrJio 3 pyK i Hir Bi,Zl;cTyrrae ,ll;O cepe,Zl;HHH TiJia, 3,ll;aE:ThC.H, Ha"lle 6 yce IIaJIHB BOrOHh, -

i IIOBOJii

HaCTae CMepTb".

CTopoma, .HKa IIHJihHyBaJia BO.HKiB, pa,Zl;HJia IM rrpHHeCTH mepTBY 6oraM i Bp.HTyBaTH CBOE: jKJiTT.H B TeiiJiiH KyiieJii, O,ll;HaK ,Zl;apeMHi 6yJIH lXHi 3YCHJIJI.H. TpH ,Zl;Hi, .HK 3aCBi,Zl;'lye CB. rpHropiii 3 HiccH, TeprriJIH BO.HKH Ha MOp03i Bi,Zl; XOJIO,Zl;Y CTpaiiiHY MyKy, aJie XpHcTa He Bi,Zl;peKJIHC.H. TiJihKH O,ll;HH xoTiB p.HTyBaTH cBoe :iKHTT.H, aJie KOJIH rrepeMep3JIHM B6ir 3Ha,ll;BOpy ,ll;O TeiiJIOI KYIIaJihHi, qepe3 paiiTOBY 3MiHy H OCJia6JieHH.H Bi,Zl;pa3y IIOMep, yTpaTHBIIIH Bi,Zl;pa3y CBOE: ,Zl;O'laCHe H

Bi"liHe I.IJ;aCT.H. 3pa,Zl;a

rro6paTHMa 3aCMYTHJia iHIIIHX BO.HKiB, ane Bor cKopo rro,Zl;aB IM qy,Zl;eCHHM crroco6oM Ha,Z1;3BH'laHHY rroTixy. O,Zl;HH 3 BapTOBHX, Ha iM'.H ArJiaii, Bi,Zl;6yBIIIH cBoe qepryBaHH.H, CH,ll;iB 6iJI.H BOrHIO i rpiBC.H. lli.CJI.H TOrO 3aCHyB.

Y

CHi BiH II06a"l!MB ,Zl;MBHe BM,Zl;iHH.H .

lloMy 3,ll;aBaJIOC.H, I.IJ;O BiH CTOITh 6iJI.H 03epa H 6a"liMTh, .HK 3 He6a CXO,ll;.HTh IIperapHi aHreJIH H HeCyTh CBiTJii pH3M Ta BiHI.J;i, I.IJ;06 HMMH rrpH6paTH CB. MY"lleHHKiB. ByJio IX

39. Ko.JIH BiH rrpo6y,ll;HB-

C.H i no6a'IHB, I.IJ;O COpOKOBOrO BiHKa CJiaBH He CTaJIO TOMy, I.IJ;O O,ll;HH BO.HK cTaB Bi,Zl;CTYIIHHKOM, BiH caM, 3a BomHM Ha,Zl;xHeHH.HM, 3a6amaB 3,Zl;06yTM 'IY,Zl;OBHH BiHei.J;h, HeraiiHO CKHHYB 3 ce6e yHicpopMy, KpMKHYB ,ll;O CTOpomi:

"J

.H -

XpMCTH.HHMH!", rro6ir

Ha o3epo Ta cTaB Ha JihO.LIY IIOPY"ll 3aMep3aiO'IHX BO.HKiB. TaK "l!epe3 CBOE: MY"l!eHHI.J;TBO BiH O,Zl;epmaB JiaCKy "xpHI.IJ;eHH.H KpOBi" ii My'leHHI.J;hKHii BiHeu;h 6e3CMepTHOI cJiaBH. Bor BHCJiyxaB MO.JIHTBH BipHHX C.Jiyr i TaKHM HeCIIO,ll;iBaHHM CIIOC060M 3BeCeJIHB IXHi repoiichKi cepu;.H. HacTyrrHoro ,ll;H.H 6i.JihiiiiCTh cB. My'leHHKiB 6yJIM Bme MepTBi, KpiM KiJihKOX KOHaiO'IHX, cepe,Zl; .HKHX HaHMO.JIO,ll;IIIHM 6yB MeJiiToH. HaMiCHHK ArpnKoJiaii HaKa3aB rro.JiaMaTH pyKH ii HOrH I.IJ;e mHBHX, a Ti.Jia MepTBHX 3aBe3TH ,ll;O rreqi Ta CIIaJIHTM, I.IJ;06 xpMCTH.HHH He rroxopoHHJIH IX rro-xpMCTM.HHChKM. 3

ocTaHHix

CHJI BOHR IIIeiiTaJIH CJIOBa CB. MOJIHTBH: "Haiiii .LIYIIIi Bp.HTYBaJIMC.H 3 ciTi JIOBI.J;.H; ciTh po3ipBa.Jiac.H, i MH cTaJIM Bi.JihHi". Mo.JIO,ll;oro MeJiiToHa yp.H,ll;HHKH 3aJIHIIIHJIM mHimM: IM ma.Jib 6y.Jio iioro MOJIO,Zl;OCTi, a BO,ll;HO'laC BOHR Ha,Zl;i.HJIHC.H, I.IJ;O, 3a.JIHIIIHBIIIMCb Ha CaMOTi, BiH 3aXO'le Bp.HTyBaTH CBOE: jKJiTT.H; aJie HOrO MaTH,

280

9 6epe3H5!

rro6mKHa B,ll;OBa, CIIpOTHBHJiaCSI TOMy H ,ll;OKOpSIJia ypSI,ll;HHKaM 3a TaKy cpaJibiiiHBY .n;o6poTy .n;o 11 CHHa. Ko.1111 BOHa Ha6JIH3HJiaca ,ll;O CHHa, BiH rJISIIJYB 3 mo6oB'IO Ha Hei i XOTiB ycMiXHYTHCSI, Ta 'tiJibKH cJia6HM pyx oM pyKH ,n;aB 3HaK MaTepi. CKpirrJieHa CBSITHM ,Il;yxoM, BOHa rrpocHJia :Horo 6yTH BipHMM XpMcToBi am .n;o Kiim;a, a rroTiM, Y3SIBIIIH :Horo Ha PYKH, rroKJiaJia Ha B03i 6i.11a MepTBHX :Horo rro6paTMMiB. I To,n;i cKpMKHyJia: "Ox, ,n;MTMHO Moro JIOHa, aKa a pa.n;a, ~o 6a"t£y Te6e, SIK TM rrpMHOCMIII XpMcToBi B mepTBY peiiiTY CBOro mMTTSI! I,n;M BIIepe,n; i ,ll;OKiH"'IM TY ~aCJIMBY rro,n;opom 3i CBOIMM rro6paTMMaMM, ~06 TM He 6yB OCTaHHiH, KOJIM CTaHeiii rrepe.n; BoroM".

Ti.11a CB. MY"tJ:eHHKiB crraJIMJIM, a rropox BMCMIIaJIH B pi"'IKy, ~06 XpMCTMSIHaM He 3aJIMIIIMJIOCb H CJii,n;y ITO HMX; Ta BipyiO"'IHM TaKM B,ll;aJIOCSI IIOTaHKM ,n;icTaTM "tJ:aCTMHY CIIaJieHMX OCTaHKiB a6o, MOme, BMKYIIMTM IX 3a rpoiiii. "tfaCTMHa THX CB. MO~eH 36epiraJiaCb y u;epKBi B KecapiL Ilpo HMX cB. BacMJii:H roBopMB: "Ha"tJ:e rraHu;Mp, BOHM e HaiiiOIO 3axopoHoro rrpOTM HacTyrriB BoporiB". I ,n;o,n;ae, ~0 BCi 6JiaraJIM IIOMO"'Ii CB. MY"tJ:eHMKiB, SIKi IIi,n;iHMaJIM TMX, ~0 BIIaJIM, CKpiiiJISIJIM HeMi"'IHMX i 36iJiblllyBaJIM peBHiTb CBSITMX. CB. BacMJii:H i cB. EMeJiia, 6aTbKM "'IOTMpbox CBSITMX .n;iTe:H: BacMJiiSI BeJIMKOro, rpMropia HiCbKoro, IleTpa-CeBacTiHCbKOro :H MaKpMHM, po3,n;o6yJIM "'laCTMHY TMX CB. Mo~e:H i Bi,n;,n;aJIM .n;o u;epKBM, aKy cB. EMeJiia 36y,n;yBaJia rro6JIM3Y AHHeciL Jlro,n;M rrpMMHSIJIM i:x 3 Ha,n;3BM"'IaHHMM 3axorrJieHHSIM, a Bor rrpocJiaBMB CB. MO~i "'ly,n;aMM. CB. rpHropiH Kame: ".fl IIOXOBaB TiJia CBOlX 6aTbKiB 6iJISI MO~eH TMX CBSITHX My"'leHMKiB, ~06 y ,n;eHb BOCKpeciHHSI BOHM MOrJIH BCTaTH pa30M 3 IIi,n;iHMa"'laMM lXHbOI BipM; 6o BOHM MaiOTb BeJIMKY CMJIY rrepe.n; BoroM". CB. r'aB,n;eaTi:H, errMcKorr MicTa Bepiiiii, IIMIIIe B cBoi:x rrporroBi,n;ax: "Bor ,n;aB MeHi "'laCTMHY THX CB. MO~eH i ,ll;03BOJIMB MeHi 36y,n;yBaTM u;epKBY Ha IXHIO "tJ:eCTb". O,n;epmaB BiH IX Bi,n; ,n;Box rrJieMiHHMI.J;b cB. BacMJiia; o,n;Hy "tJ:aCTMHY SIKMX rrepeBe3JIM .n;o IJ;apropo.n;a.

BicTKa rrpo CMepTb 40 CeBacTiHCbKMX BOSIKiB IIIBM,ll;KO po3iHIIIJiaCSI Mim XpMCTHSIHaMM i BHKJIMKaJia 3araJibHMH IIO,ll;MB. CB. E:poHiM orroBi,n;ae, ~o rri.n; "'lac Bi,n;Bi,n;MH CB. BacMJiia Kecapil BOHM 06M,n;Ba p03MOBJISIJIM rrpo repOHCTBO 40 MY"tJ:eHMKiB. Ilo6omHa u;apMu;a IlyJibxepia 36y,n;yBaJia B IJ;apropo.n;i u;epKBY Ha "tJ:eCTb CB. My"tJ:eHMKiB, ,n;e IIOKJiaJia lXHi CB. MO~i B ,ll;BOX cpi6HHX ,ll;OMOBMHax. CB. rpMropi:H HicbKMH HaiiMCaB Ha IXHIO "tJ:eCTb IIOXBaJibHe cJioBo, a cB. IBaH ,Il;aMaCKMH i TeocpaH HiKeHCbKHH- rroxBaJihHi Bipiiii Ha ,n;eHb lXHbOrO CBSITa .

• 281

9 6epe3HSI

3a XpHCTH.HHCbKHM rrepe.n;aHH.HM, HaM :si,ZJ;OMi TaKOm iMeHa

40 ceBacTiHchKHX Myt!eHHKiB: AeTin, Arri:H:, ArJia:H:, AKaKin, ATaHaci:H:, BaJieHT, BaJiepi:H:, BnBi.HH, fan, fopr'oHin, ,I(oMeTi.HH, ,I(oMH, €BHO'iK, €BTnxi:H:, EK,ZJ;HT, IBaH, IJIJI.H, IJii.HH, lpaKJii:H:, Icnxi:H:, KaH.n;n.n;, KnpHJI, KnpioH, KJiaB.n;i:H:, KcaHTin, JleoHTin, JlnciMax, MeJiiToH, MnKoJia, OJieKcaH.n;p, IlpncK, CaKep.n;oH, CeBepi.HH, CiciHin, CMapar.n;, Teo.n;yJI, TeocjJiJI, <l>JiaBin, <l>oJiiKTHMOH, Xy.n;ioH. Ma6yTh, Ha:H:n;iKaBirna pi~, rroB'.H3aHa 3 icTopiero 40 My~eHH­ KiB, - u;e 36epemeHH.H .n;o D;horo ~acy rpaMOTH, rn;o Mae Ha3BY "3arroBiT copoKa CB. XpncTOBHX My~eHHKiB". HarrncaHHH rrorpen;hKH i 6yB Bi,ZJ;OMHH ,ZJ;aBHO, aJie TiJihKH He,ZJ;aBHO IIpH3HaHHH 3a .n;ocToBipHHH. ~e e.n;nHa :H: rrpaB,ZJ;HBa rraM'.HTKa 3 ~aciB rrepecJii,ZJ;yBaHH.H. HarrncaB "3arroBiT" y ~ac yB' .H3HeHH.H O,ZJ;HH 3 BO.HKiB Ha iM'.H MeJiiToH. TaM BKa3aHi Bci BHrn;eHaBe.n;eHi iMeHa cB. Myt!eHHKiB. Y "3arroBiTi" ~HTaeMo: "MeJieTin, AeTin i €BTHxi:H:, XpHcToBi B'.H3Hi, rro3.n;opoBJI.HIOTh errHcKorriB, CB.Hrn;eHHKiB, ,ZJ;H.HKOHiB, BH3HaBD;iB Ta iHIIIHX n;epKOBHHX MymiB YCbOrO XpHCTH.HHCbKOrO CBiTy Ta BH.HBJI.HIOTb CBOIO BOJIIO rrpo p03II0p.H,ZJ;OK 'ixHiMH TJiiHHHMH ocTaHKaMH rricJI.H 'ixHhoro Myt!eHHD;TBa. BoHH 6amaro'Pb, rn;o6 yci 'ixHi Morn;i 6yJIH rrepe.n;aHi rri,n; orriKy CB.Hrn;eHHKOBi Ilpo:H:.n;ocoBi, rn;o6 crro~HBaJIH B Cape'iM, rro6JIH3Y 3iJIH. MeJiiTOH IIHIIIe Bi,ZJ; iMeHi BCiX. AeTi:H: i €BTHxi:H: Bi.n; iMeHi rro6paTHMiB 3aKJIHKaiOTb pi.n;Hro Myt!eHHKiB, He Bi.n;.n;aBaTHC.H Ha.n;MipHoMy CMYTKOBi. KoJIH 'ixHin IIOIIiJI II036HpaiOTb ,ZJ;OKYIIH, HeXaH HiXTO He TpHMa€ HOrO ,ZJ;JI.H ce6e caMoro, aJie Bi.n;.n;acTh yce Ha3BaHHM oco6aM. HKrn;o XTOCb He rrocJiyxae D;horo po3rrop.H.n;meHH.H, TO He o,n;epmHTb JiacKy, Ha .HKY CIIO,ZJ;iBaE:TbC.H. HKrn;o €BHOIK (.n;yme MOJIO,ZJ;HH) 3,ZJ;06y.n;e Myt!eHHD;bKHH KiHen;h, Hexa:H: crro~nBae 3 HaMH. AJie .HKrn;o 6 :H:oro rrorn;a.n;HJIH, TO Hexa:H: 3aJIHIIIHTbC.H BipHHH XpHCTOBOMY 3aKOHOBi, rn;o6 y ,ZJ;eHb BOCKpeciHH.H Mir pa,ZJ;iTH rn;acJIHBOIO ,ZJ;OJieiO THX, ~H'i TeprriHH.H BiH rro.n;iJI.HB. MH, copoK xpHCTOBHX B'.H3HiB, ~epe3 MeJiiToHa, o.n;Horo 3 Hac; rro3.n;opoBJI.HeMo Bac, IIOTBep.n;myiO~H BCe Te, Ili;O HaiiHCaHO, 60 MH BCi D;iJIKOM 3 D;HM rroro.n;myeMoc.H".

282

9 6epe3HI'l

CBHTHH ,ll;OMIHIK CABIO - Ax, RKY rapHy pi'l R 6a~y Terrep ... !

IJ;e 6yJIH OCTaHHi CJIOBa Ha 3eMJii IOHaKa, ru;o 3 paHCbKOIO ycMiiiiKOIO Ha 06JIH'I'Ii, 3 pyKaMH CKJia,n;eHHMH HaBxpeCT Ha rpy,n;RX, 6e3 HaHMeHIIIOrO CyMHiBy i CTpaxy Bi,n;,n;aB Bory CBOIO ,n;yiiiy, Ko.im iioMy 6paKyBaJio 24 ,ZJ;Hi ,li;O 15 poKiB. Jiro,n;n roBopHJIH rrpo Hhoro: "IloMep CBRTnii".

TiJio xJiorr:u;R, rroxoBaJin Ha D;BHHTapi B CIIiJibHOMy rpo6i.

KoJIH JIIO,ZJ;H rrpoxo,n;HJIH rroB3 HOrO rpi6 TOrO XJIOII'IHHH, TO XpHCTHJIHCR H D;iJiyBaJIH Ha,n;rpo6oK. _ Taro caMor6 ,n;HR Y, BeJIHKoMY MicTi o,n;nH rrpocpecop roBopnB rrpo rroKiiiHoro IOHaKa ,n;o Y'IHiB 4 riMHa3i:i1:Horo KJiacy: "Xa:ii BiH 6y,n;e IIpllKJia,ZJ;OM ,li;JIR Bac; HaCJii,n;y:iiTe XpllCTHRHChKi 'leCHOTH, 3po6iTb CBOIO ,ZJ;YIIIY IIO,ZJ;i6HOIO ,li;O :iioro, ru;o6 6yJia 'IHCTa :i1: rapHa B O'lax Bora".

MicR:o;eM rri3Hiiiie 6aThKO rroKiiiHoro IOHaKa rro6a'IHB, RK po3cyHyJiacR cTeJIR B KiMHaTi, ,n;e BiH crraB, i 3'RBHBCR iioMy 3aJIHTHH RCHHM CBiTJIOM CHH Ta CKa3aB: "fl E: HarrpaB,n;y B paro". l.Jepe3 CiM MiCRD;iB IIIKiJihHi II06paTHMH ,II;oMiHiKa 3aHeCJIH Ha :iioro rpi6 BiHOK 3 6apBiHKy. A '1epe3 ,n;Ba pOKH O,li;HH rraH 3 eHy'i IIOKJiaB Ha H:oro rpo6i MapMypoBy IIJIHTY, 3 B,li;R'IHOCTi 3a JiaCKH, ru;o IX o,n;epmaB Bi,ZJ; Bora 3aB,n;RKH 3acTyrrHHD;TBY IOHaKa. l.Jepe3 BiCiM pOKiB rrepeHeCJIH TJiiHHi OCTaHKH TOrO IOHaKa 3i crriJihHoro ,n;o MypoBaHoro rpo6y rri,n; BiBTapeM KarrJin:u;i cB. CeBacTiRHa Ha D;BHHTapi.

II' RT,n;ecRTbMa poKaMn rri3Hiiiie 3a y'laCTIO errncKorriB, ,ZJ;YXOBHOl :i1: CBiTCbKOl BJia,ZJ;H Ta 'IHCJieHHOrO Hapo,n;y IIOKJiaJIH TJiiHHi OCTaHKH TOrO IOHaKa B MapMypoBiH rpo6HHD;i, yBiH'IaHiH 6iJIOIO JieJiiero Ha TJii BiHKa 3 po.m.

r

283

9 6epe3H51

l.£epe3 n' JIT~eCJIT CiM pOKiB, 3a ~03BOJIOM iJJia~H, TIOTaH Bi.L( Mic:u;eBHX M€IIIKaHIJ;iB, JIKi HiJIK He XOTiJIH Bi~~aTH TiJia TIOKiHHOro IOHaKa, nepeHeCJIH ypHy 3 :i1:oro TJiiHHHMH ocTaHKaMH ~o BeJIHKOl 6a3HJiiKH B MiCTi. IIJ;e TOrO CaMOrO pOKY rOJIOBa XpHcTocoBoi: IJ;epKBH IIana Ili:i1: X po3IIOl.!aB anocTOJihChKHH npo:u;ec - nepnm:i1: KpoK .n;o :i1:oro KaHoHi3a:u;il.

A Bme l.!epe3 ciM,n;ecJIT rnicTb poKiB CBJITiiiiHH 0Te:u;h Ili:i1: XI rrporoJIOCHB :i1:oro IIpeno.n;o6HHM BomHM CJiyrmo.

1950 poKy Bi,n;6yJiaCJI B Ha:i1:6iJihiiiiH :u;epKBi CBiTy, B 6a3HJii:u;i cB. IleTpa y BaTHKaHi, 3a npoBo,n;oM XpHcToBoro HaMiCHHKa IIarrH IliJI XII, BeJIHl.J:Ha 6eaTHcPiKa:u;iJI, T06To nporoJiorneHHJI BJiameHHHM Toro ClJihCbKoro xJionl.!HHH, JIKHH He rrpomHB HaBiTh TIOBHHX 15 JiiT. Y noJIOBHHi XX cTopil.!l.J:JI, Bi~OMHM po3BHTKOM aBia:u;ii:, l.!Y~OM pa.L(iO i TeJie6al.J:eHHJI, CHJIOIO aTOMHOl eHepr'il, MaJIHH IIIKOJIJip, JIKHH mO~HOrO pa3y He 6yB 3r~aHHH Mim BeJIHKHMH H CJiaBHHMH 3eMJii, 3BepHyB Ha ce6e yBary MiJihHOHiB JIIO,[(eH y BCiX l.J:aCTHHaX CBiTy. HK TaK cTaJIOCJI? KapJio CaBio 6yB KOBaJieM, :i1:oro miHKa BpHr'i,[(a KpaBl.J:HHeiO. MernKaJIH B iTaJii:i1:chKOMY ceJii PiBa .n;i Kiepi. TaM 2 KBiTHJI 1842 poKy llpHHIIIOB Ha CBiT i lll;e TOrO CaMoro ,[(HJI o.n;epmaB cB. Ta:i1:Hy XpHliJ;eHHJI 1xHi:i1: XJIOTil.J:HK )J;oMiHiK. BaTbKH CaMi mHJIH i BHXOByBaJIH CBOrO CHHa TIO-XpHCTHJIHCbKH. KoJIH :i1:oMy 6yJio 4 poKH, BiH yme 3HaB paHiiiiHi :i1: Bel.!ipHi MOJIHTBH, JIKi rrpoKa3yBaB 6e3 ,ll;OIIOMOrH MaTepi. IJ;e 6yB rrepiiiHH 1 060B JI30K, ,ll;O po3yMiHHJI JIKOrO BiH ,n;iHIIIOB y CBOeMy ,ll;HTHHCTBi i BHKOHYBaB HOrO CYMJiiHHO ,ll;O CaMOl CMepTi. Bme B TOR l.!ac rrpoJIBHBCJI CHJihHHH xapaKTep Ma:i1:6yTHhoro CBJIToro. KoJIH o,n;Horo pa3y 3a:i1:rnoB ~o IXHhoro ,n;oMy JIKHHCh TIO~OpOmHiH Ha o6i,n; i TIOl.J:aB lCTH 6e3 MOJIHTBH, .IJ:oMiHiK, HaBl.J:eHHH npHKJia,ll;OM CBOlX 6aThKiB MOJIHTHCb nepe,n; l,ll;OIO H niCJIJI Hei:, Bi,n;iHIIIOB 3aCMYl.J:eHHH Bi,n; CTOJiy, 3axOBaBCJI B KYTKY xaTH. KoJIH noTiM IIHTaJIH :i1:oro 6aThKH, l.!OMY BiH TaK 3po6HB, ,L(oMiHiK Bi,n;noBiB: ".ff He XOl.J:Y ci,n;aTH 3a CTiJI 3 TaKHM, lli;O 36HpaeThCH lCTH, JIK 3BipHHa".

0. IJ;yKKa, lXHiH ,[(yrnnaCTHp, p03TIOBiB npo )J;oMiHiKa TaKe: "1\:0JIH BiH npHXO,[(HB ,ll;O :u;epKBH, a BOHa 6yJia 3aMKHeHa, TO CTaBaB HaBKOJiiiiiKH nepe,n; :u;epKOBHHMH ,[(BepMH i, CXHJIHBIIIH rOJIOBKY Ta CKJiaBIIIH HeBHHHi pyl.!eHJITa Ha rpy,[(JIX, rapJil.!e MOJIHBCJI, ,[(OKH He Bi.L(iMKHYJIH :u;epKim. 3eMJIH TO,ll;i CTaBaJia BOJiororo, Hal.!e 6 irno:a cHir a6o .n;olll;". CBoero Ha,n;3BHl.J:aHHOIO no6omHiCTIO XJIOTil.J:HHa 3BepHyB Ha ce6e yBary 0. IJ;yKKH, BiH

284

9 6epe3HSI

HaBtiHB :Horo npHcJiymyBaTH ni,n; t~ac CJiym6H BomoL AJie OCKiJihKH BiH MaB. TiJihKH: 5 poKiB i 6yB MaJieHhKOrO pocTy, TO He Mir nepeHOCHTH CJiyme6HHKa; smm;o CBSim;eHHK xoTiB 3po6H:TH HOMY HaHMHJiirny B cBiTi pill, TO npHcyBaB noMy Ha Kpan ni,n;cTaBKY 3 CJiyme6HHKOM, m;o6 BiH Mir ,n;oc.HrHyTH H:oro CBOIMH pyqeHSITaMH: ...

3 n'SITH poKiB MaJIHH ,Il;oMiHiK 6yB m;o.n;HSI Ha CJiym6i Bomi:H i 6atiHB, SIK CBSIIll;eHHK KOmHOrO paHKY IIpH:HMaB Boray BH:rJISI,ll;i XJii6a H BHHa. MaJIH:H XJIOII'IH:K mo6H:B rocrro,n;a BCiM CBOlM cepu;eM i 6yB 611: OXO'Ie KOmHoro paHKY pa30M 3i CBOlM 0. npoBi,ll;HH:KOM npHHMaB Icyca ,n;o cBoro HeBHHHoro, tiHCToro cepu;SI. O,n;HaK TOMY Ha rrepeiiiKO,n;i 6yB 3BH'IaH, Ill;O ,n;iTHM ,ll;03BOJISIJIH: npH:CTynaTH: ,n;o CB. IlpHtiacTSI am Ha 12 pou;i mHTTSI ... MaJIHH ,Il;oMiHiK 3HaB u;e i cyMyBaB 3 u;horo npHBo,n;y. AJie BiH 6yB ,n;HTHHOID, SIKa "BMiJia XOTiTH", TOMY He rrepeCTaBaB HaTIOJISiraTH, m;o6 CBSIIll;eHHK ,n;onycTHB HOrO ,ll;O CB. IlpHtiaCTSI CKOpirne, Him u;e 6yJIO TO,n;i npHHHSITO. Moro 6amaHHSI 6yJio TaKe CHJihHe, m;o o. l.J;yKKa, nopa,n;HBIIIHCh 3 iHIIIHMH CBHill;eHH:KaMH, BpeiiiTi BHpiiiiHB 3a,ll;OBOJihHHTH npoxaHHSI ,Il;oMiHiKa, B3SIBIIIH ,ll;O yBarH HOrO 3HaHHSI, ni,n;rOTOBKY :if cep,n;etiHe 6amaHHH. KoJIH ,Il;oMiHiK notiyB, m;o 3Mome npHCTYIIHTH ,n;o cB. IlpHt~acTH, cTaB Ha,n;3BHtia:ifHo m;acJIHBHH. Po3noBiB npo u;e cBo1H: MaTepi, TIOtiaB MOJIHTHCSI, 'IHTaTH, npOBO,ll;HTH: 6araTO qacy B u;epKBi ,n;o i nicJISI CJiym6H Bomo1, npocHB y MaTepi npom;eHHSI 3a BCi CBOl npOBHHH, o6iD;HB 6yTH HaHyBamHiiiiHM, HaHCJIYXHHHiIIIHM, ycix IIIaHyBaTH; TIJiaKaB, 3BOpyiiiyiO'IH ,n;o CJii3 CBOIO MaTip. BcTaB paHo Ha BeJIHK,n;eHh 1849 poKy, B,n;SirHyBcH B HaHKpam;y o,n;emy, MOJIHBCSI nepe,n; 3aMKHeHOlO u;epKBOlO, ,ll;OKH: ii He Bi,ll;'IHHHJIH, CJiymHB 5 ro,n;HH 6iJISI BiBTapH, a:JK ,ll;O KlHD;SI BeJIH:KO,ll;HhOI BorocJiym6H, npHHHSIB 3 BeJIHKOIO pa,n;icTro nepiiiHH pa3 Haii,n;opomqoro Icyca ,n;o cBoro cepu;H i ocTaHHiM BHHIIIOB 3 u;epKBH, HeneBHHH, 'IH: BiH Ha 3eMJii, tiH: - B He6i.

3a MaJIHM ,Il;oMiHiKOM u;e:if 3BHtiaH BBiB ,ll;O CBOIX ycTaBiB 0.

BocKo, a ,n;JISI BChoro KaTOJIHD;hKoro cBiTy 1910 poKy - Ilana IliH: X. 3,n;aeThCSI, m;o caMe u;eH: 7 -JiiTHiii XJIOTitiHHa cBoero BeJIHKoro Tyroro 3a BoroM npoMOCTHB MiJihHOHaM ,n;HTSI'IHX cep,n;eu;h ,n;opory ,n;o Icyca!

Ilpo BeJIHKHH ,n;yx MaJioro ,Il;oMiHiKa B ,n;Hi nepiiioro CB. IlpHtiaCTH CBi,n;tiaTh HOrO TIOCTaHOBH, SIKi BiH 3p06HB i 3aTIHCaB Tie'i m;acJIHBo'i ,n;HHHH. A THX nocTaHoB 6yJio tiOTHpH: 1. CnoBi,n;aTH:Ch HKHaftqacTiiiie i npHCTynaTH: ,ll;O CB. IlpHtJ:aCTSI KOmHoro pa3y, KOJiff: CTIOBi,n;HHK ,ll;03BOJIHTh. 2. CBSITKyBaTH CBSITi ,ll;Hi.

285

9 6epe3HSI

3. MoiMH rrpH.HTeJI.HMH 6y,n;yTh Icyc i Mapi.H. 4. Pa,n;IIIe cMepTb, Him rpixH. • IJJ cJioBa rrHcaJia Boma IIpeMy,n;picTb y ,n;yiiii MaJioro Bomoro BH6paHI.VI, a BiH, Ha"t.J:e Ha rraM'.HTKy, 3arrHcaB IX yciM xpHCTH.HHaM, CTaB B3ipu;eM ,li;JI.H HaCJii,ll;yBaHH.H yciM ,n;iT.HM, a 6aTbKaM i rre,n;aroraM ,n;aB HaMKpa~HH ypoK XpHCTH.HHCbKOrO BHXOBaHH.H ,n;iTeft: HaB"t.J:HTH IX 6eperTH cepu;e l.IHCTHM, "t.J:acTo po3MOBJI.HTH 3i CB.H~eHHKOM i XpHCTOM, 6paTH KOmHoi He,n;iJii ft y CB.HTa Yl.J:aCTh y 6orOCJiymeHH.HX, ,li;YXOBHOMY HaB"t.J:aHHi, MaTH cep,n;e"t.J:HY JII060B ,n;o Icyca ft Mapil Ta ocTepiraTHC.H rpixa 6iJihiiie, Him cMepTi. TaKHM 6yB MaJIHH .IJ:oMiHiK, .HKoro Ilarra Ilift XI Ha3BaB MaJIHM BeJieTHeM CB.HTOCTi. KoJIH xJiorru;eBi 6y JIO 10 poKiB, BiH rriiiioB 3 ,n;py3.HMH KyrraTHC.H. IIicJI.H KyrreJii BiH BHpiiiiHB 6iJihiiie Toro He po6HTH; HarreBHO, ftoro ,n;py3i He rroBo,n;HJIHC.H rrpHCTOHHO. Ha IXHi HarroJI.HraHH.H BiH Bi,n;rroBi,n;aB, ~o He xo"t.J:e 3HOBY 3HeBamaTH Bora.

I HiKOJIH 6iJihiiie 3 JIHXHMH TOBapHIIIaMH He rrpH.HTemoBaB. 3aKiH"t.J:HBIIIH IIO"t.J:aTKOBY IIIKOJIY, IIpOCHB 6aTbKiB ,li;03BOJIHTH ftoMy rrpo,n;oBmHTH HaB"t.J:aHH.H, 6o B cepu;i MaB BeJIHKe 6amaHH.H CTaTH CB.HI.U;eHHKOM . .IJ:oJiaB I.U;O,ll;eHHO 11 MHJib ,li;OpOrH ,li;O IIIKOJIH, aJie HiKOJIH He 6yB HeB,li;OBOJieHHH. 3ycTpil.lalO"t.J:H ftoro Ha ,li;Op03i, CTapi JIIO,li;H IIHTaJIHC.H: - "lJ:H TH He 60IIIIC.H XO,li;HTH CaM IJ;HMH ,n;oporaMH? - .H He caM, .H MalO rrpH co6i AHreJia XopoHHTeJI.H, rn;o TOBapHIIIye MeHi Ha KOmHOMy Kpou;i.

- IleBHO, BamKa ,li;JI.H Te6e IJ;.H ,n;opora, .HKY MYCHIII ,li;OJiaTH rn;o,n;eHHO cepe,n; TaKOI crreKH? - Hirn;o He e rrpHKpe ft Tpy,n;He, KOJIH rrpau;10eMo ,n;JI.H TaKoro IlaHa, .HKHH ,n;o6pe IIJiaTHTb. - A xTo TOM rraH? - IJ;e Bor-TBopeu;h, .HKHH rrJiaTHTh 3a ropH.HTKO BO,n;H, rro,n;aHe 3 Jil06oBi ,n;o Hboro.

O,n;HH 3 To,n;iiiiHix Yl.J:HTeJiiB .IJ:oMiHiKa o. OJieKcaH,n;p 3aJIHIIIHB rrpo Hboro och .HKHH crrora,n;: "YcrrixH B HaB"t.J:aHHi Tpe6a 3aB,n;.H"t.J:yBaTH He TiJihKH ftoro rrpHpo,n;HoMy TaJiaHTOBi, .HKHH BiH MaB, aJie TaKom ftoro rrpeBeJIHKift Jil06oBi ,n;o HayKH ft "t.J:eCHOTH. Ilo,n;HBY ri,n;Ha ftoro IIHJibHiCTb, ~06 TO"t.J:HO BHKOHyBaTH BCi o6oB'.H3KH xpHCTH.HHCbKoro ytiH.H ... BiH, xo"t.J: 3aBm,n;H MaB cJia6e 3,li;OpOB'.H, CIIOKiHHO ,li;OJiaB KOmHoro ,li;H.H 4 KM ,n;oporH ,li;O IIIKOJIH, 4 pa3H Ha ,n;eHb, B Hero,n;y 3HMOBOI IIOpH l.J:H KOJIH ,li;O~ JIHB .HK 3 KOHOBKH •• " KoJIH 6aThKO rro"<IaB rrpau;JOBaTH B Micu;eBOCTi MoH,n;oHio, Bl.IHTeJieM .IJ:oMiHiKa cTaB o. KyJiiepo, .HKHH 3BepHyB Ha HOBoro

286

9 6epe3H51

mKOJI.apa o~o6mmy yBary. B cBoi:x crrora,n;ax rrpo Hharo BiH rrHme: "3 .HKHM 3axorrJieHH.HM BiH rrpHHH.HB rrepmHH pa3 AHreJihChKHH XJii6, 3acBi,n;l.lyBaJia Ta rromaHa, 3 .HKOIO BiH Ha6JIHmaBc.a ,n;o ca.

Tparre3H l.IH KOJIH TOBOpHB rrpo CB. IlpHl.laCT.a ... BiH xo,n;HB ,n;o illKOJIH, ,n;e .H 6yB yrrpaBHTeJieM, i, HarrpaB,n;y MOJKy CKa3aTH, lll;O BIIpO,ll;OBJK 20 JiiT, 3aHMaiOl.IHCh HaBl.J:aHH.HM IOHaKiB, .H He MtlB HiKoro, XTO 6 ,n;opiBHIOBaB ifoMy B rro6omHocTi Ta po3yMi. IlHJihHHH, 3arrorra,n;JIHBHH, OXOl.J:HH ,n;o HaBl.J:aHH.H, BBil.J:JIHBHH, BiH 3,n;o6yB co6i mo6oB ycix. Y u;epKBi 6yB B3ipu;eM ,n;JI.a acix, i, 3,ll;aBaJIOC.H, lll;O Ta HeBHHHa ,n;yma Bi,n;KpHBaJia CBOe cepn;e, rn;o6 rrpHHH.HTH He6ecHi coJio,n;orn;i, .aKi Bor ,n;ae HeBHHHHM ,n;ymaM, lll;O rn;e He 3a3HaJIH 3Bi,ll;HHD;TBa CBiTy".

BeJIHKa l.lecHoTa MaJioro ,ll;oMiHiKa BH.HBHJiac.a o,n;Horo pa3y, KOJIH ,n;e.aKi mKoJI.api HaKH,n;aJIH KaMiHH.H if CHiry ,n;o rrel.li, a 3BHHyBaTHJIH ,ll;oMiHiKa. BiH Mir cKa3aTH TiJihKH o,n;He cJioBo B cBoe orrpaB,n;aHH.H, i HOMY 6 rroBipHJIH. AJie BiH MOBl.laB: CXHJIHB roJioBy i, .aK crrpaBmHiH BHHyBaTen;h, orrycTHB ol.li ,n;o,n;oJiy. AJie Bor orriKyBaBc.a HeBHHHHM, - HacTyrrHoro ,n;H.a BH.HBHJIHC.H crrpaBmHi BHHyBaTu;i, cTaJia .HBHOIO if HeBHHHiCTh ,ll;oMiHiKa. IIoBHHH maJIIO 3a 3po6JieHi Ha iforo a,n;pecy ,n;oKopH, o. KyJiiepo Bi,ll;KJIHKaB MOra i CKa3aB: - ,ll;oMiHiK, l.IOMY TH Bi,n;pa3y He CKa3aB, lll;O TH HeBHHHHH? A BiH ai,n;rroBiB: ...

- CrrpaBmHiif BHHyBaTeD;h rrpoBHHHBc.a Bme 6araTo pa3iB, i HOrO MOrJIH BHrHaTH 3i illKOJIH; lll;O,ll;O MeHe, TO .H Ha,D;i.HBC.H Ha rrporn;eHH.H, TOMY lll;O n;e 6yJia MO.H rrepma IIpOBHHa, B .HKiH MeHe ocKapmHJIH; a, KpiM Taro, .a rraM'.aTaB TaKom rrpo BomecTBeHHoro Bl.IHTeJI.a, .HKHH TaKom 6yB ocKapmeHHH HeBHHHO. Y cix ,n;HByBaJia TeprreJIHBiCTh CaBio, .HKHH BMiB Bi,n;,n;aBaTH ,n;o6poM 3a 3JIO, 6yB roTOBHH 3HeCTH if BeJIHKY Kapy HeBHfiHO. IJ;e Bme 6yJIO repOHCTBO. HapemTi HacTaB ,n;JI.a ,ll;oMiHiKa TOM rn;acJIHBHH ,n;eHh, KOJIH BiH yrrepme 3YCTpiBc.a 3 o. BocKo. ByJio u;e Ha ,n;opo3i, KOJIH ,ll;oMiHiK rroaepTaBc.a 3 6aThKOM ,n;o,n;oMy. 0. BocKo Bi,n;KJIHKaB XJIOIIl.IHHY Ha6iK i IIOl.J:aB 3 HHM p03MOBY. To,n;i Bi,n;pa3y rri3HaB y TOMY IOHaKOBi ,n;ymy, IIOBHY XpHcToBoro ,n;yxa if 6yB l.IHMaJio 3,ll;HBOBaHHH ,n;ieiO Bomoi: JiaCKH B TaKoMy MOJio,n;oMy Bin;i. IIicJI.a Tiei: po3MOBH ,ll;oMiHiK crrHTaB o. BocKo: - "lfH 3a6epeTe MeHe ,n;o TopiHo? - MeHi 3,n;aeThC.H, rn;o 3 Te6e BHif,n;e ,n;o6pa MaTepi.a.

- A Ha rn;o Mome rrpH,n;aTHC.H D;JI MaTepi.a?

- III:o6 3po6HTH rapHy l.lepHel.ly p.acy ,n;JI.a rocrro,n;a .

• 287

9 6epe3Hfl

~

- HKI.I..J;O H MaTepi.H, TO BH 6y,n;hTe KpaBu;eM; Bi3hMiTh • MeHe ,n;o TopiHO i 3po6iTb 3 MeHe rapHy o,n;emy ,ll;JI.H rocno,n;a.

- Boroc.H, I.I..J;O TBoe: cJia6e 3,n;opoB'.H nepeiiiKO,ll;HTb To6i B Hayu;i.

- He JI.HKaiiTec.H; TOM rocno,n;h, I.I..J;O ,n;aBaB MeHi 3,ll;OpoB'.H H JiacKy ,n;o I.J;horo "'lacy, ,n;acTb MeHi i:x i Ha Ma:il:6yTHE:.

- A KHM TH XOTiB 6H 6yTH, KOJIH 3aKiH"'IHIII IIIKOJiy? - HK rocno,n;b Bar ,n;aCTb Me Hi TaKy JiaCKY' rap.H"lle 6amaro CTaTH CB.HI.I..J;eHHKOM. - .D:o6pe. Cnpo6ye:Mo, "'IH TH Mae:III TaJiaHT ,n;o HayKH. Bi3hMH I.J;IO KHHmKy H BHB"'IH Han aM' .HTb OI.J;IO CTopiHKY, a 3aBTpa npH:il:,n;eiii npoKa3aTH MeHi 11.

IIicJI.H Taro o. BocKo no"tJaB po3MOBJI.HTH 3 6aTbKOM ,I(oMiHiKa. l.Jepe3 8 XBHJIHH XJIOII"'IHHa npHCTYIIHB 3 ycMiiiiKOIO ,n;o o. BocKo i CKa3aB: - HK xo"lleTe, TO H 3apa3 npoKamy TY cTopiHKy. 0. BOCKO B3.HB KHHmKy B pyK, a .ll:oMiHiK CJIOBO B CJIOBO npOKa3aB yciO CTOpiHKY HaiiaM'.HTb 3 IIOBHHM po3yMiHH.HM 3MiCTy. - CJiaBHol TH BHB"'IHB u;e IIIBH,n;IIIe, Him 6yJio npH3Ha"tJeHo, TO H IIIBH,ll;IIIe ,n;aM T06i Bi,ll;IIOBi,n;h . .ff 3a6epy Te6e ,n;o TopiHO H Bi,n; ChOrO,n;Hi TH 3a"tJHCJieHHH ,ll;O MOlX ,n;oporHX CHHiB. MOJIHC.H ,ll;O Bora, I.I..J;06 noMir MeHi :il: To6i cnoBHHTH :fioro BOJIIO. He 3H"?aiO"tJH, .HK Kpai.I..J;e BH.HBHTH cBoro pa,n;icTb i B,ll;.H"'IHiCTh, .D:oMiHiK Y3HB o. BocKo 3a pyKy, CTHCHYB 11 i, nou;iJiyBaBIIIH KiJihKa pa3iB, CKa3aB: - 06ii.J;.HIO TaR IIOBO,ll;HTHC.H, I.I..J;O BH He MaTHMeTe IIpH"'IHHH maJii THC.H Ha MeHe. IJ:e 6yB IOHaK, .HKHH BMiB XOTiTH. IBaH BocKo 3acBi,n;"'IHB, I.I..J;O MaJIHH .D:oMiHiK MaB oco6JIHBY Ha6omHiCTh ,n;o Henopo 1IHoro Cepu;.H Mapil. KomHoro pa3y, KOJIH HIIIOB ,n;o u;epKBH, cniiiiHB ,n;o 11 BiBTap.H i TaM npocHB ,n;aTH :il:oMy JiacKy 3aBm,n;H 36epiraTH cBoe: cepu;e ,n;aJieKo Bi,n; yc.HKoro He"tJHCToro no"llyBaHH.H. To,n;i BiH roBopHB: "Mapie:, H xo-qy 6yTII 3aBm,n;H TBOlM CHHOM, ,n;a:il: MeHi JiaCKy Jiiiiiiie BMepTH, Him 3p06HTH O,ll;HH rpiX IIpOTH "'IHCTOTH".

KoJIH .D:oMiHiK noceJIHBC.H B iHCTHTyTi o. BocKo, TO 3acTaB TaM i TaKHX IOHaKiB, .HKi 6yJIH HeB,ll;OBOJieHi, HapiKaiO"tJH Ta ,n;aiO"'IH noraHHH IIPHKJia,n; CBOlM no6paTHMaM . .ll:OMiHiKOBa IIOBe,n;iHKa 6yJia I.J;iJIKOM iHIIIa. lloro ycTa HiKOJIH He IIpOMOBHJIH mo,n;Horo cJioBa HapiKaHH.H. l.JH 6yJia rapHa noro,n;a, "tJH Hero,n;a, BiH 6yB 3aBm,n;H O,ll;HaKOBO BeCeJIHH. Y i:,n;aJibHi HOrO BCe B,ll;OBOJibH.f[JIO. YMiB npH6opKyBaTH cBoi: 6amaHH.H. KoJIH iHIIIi 6yJIH He3a,n;oBoJieHi .HKOlOCb CTpaBOIO, HapiKaiO"tJH, I.I..J;O BOHa nepeBapeHa a6o

288

9

6epe3H51

He,ZJ;oBapeHa, He,ZJ;ocoJieHa a6o nepecoJieHa, noMy, HaBnaK:a, Bee CMaKyBaJIO. ,Il;oMiHiK 6yB 3pa3KOBHM y BChOMY, xo-q :Horo o,ZJ;e.ma :H 3a'licKa He OYJIH BHIIIyKaHi; Ta Ill,ll; IlpOCTOTOIO O,ZJ;.Hry XOBaJiaC.H 'IHCTOTa, ,ZJ;oope B:axoBaHH.H i 'leMHiCTb. Mora ToBap:aiiii Mim;aHcbKoro, HaBiTb IIIJI.HXeTChKOrO IIOXO,ZJ;.iKeHH.H oyJIH pa,ZJ;i TOBapHIIIyBaTH 3 HMM He TiJibKM -qepe3 Te, m;o BiH ,ZJ;06pe B'IMBC.H R oyB IIOOO.iKHMR, aJie TaKO.iK -qepe3 nora KyJlbTYPHY R ,ZJ;Oopy IIOBe,ZJ;iHKY.

y 'IHiB'

.Hid JllOOMJIM 6araTO rOBOpMTM, npocpecopM Ca,ZJ;HJIH 6iJI.H ,ZJ;oMiHiKa, a TOR IlpM3BM'laiDBaB lX ,ll;O MOB'laHH.H i

BMKOHaHH.H lXHiX

OOOB '.H3KiB. HKocb o. EocKo MaB nponoBi,ZJ;b npo Te, m;o Bor xo-qe, a6n MM Bci cTaJIM CB.HTMMM. Ta HayKa 6yJia ,ZJ;JI.H ,Il;oMiHiKa Ha'!e BOrHeHHOID icKpOID, ID;O 3aiiaJIHJia Roro cep:u;e BOrHeM JIIOOOBi ,ll;O Bora. BiH cKa3aB: "Bi,ZJ;'lyBaro 6a.maHH.H CTaTH CB.HTMM. H

He

,ZJ;yMaB, ID;O MO.iKY CTaTM HHM; aJie Teiiep, KOJIH .H 3p03yMiB, ID;O Mo.my ,ZJ;iRTH ,ZJ;O ,ZJ;OCKOHaJIOCTi, .H xo-qy :H MYIIIY cTaT:a CB.HTHM".

XJione:u;b m;:apo JIIDOMB ycix cBoi:x TOBap:aiiiiB, ,ZJ;OIIOMaraB 1M y HaB'!aHHi, CTapaBC.H 3aCIIOKOlTM TMX, ID;O IIOTpe6yBaJIH IIOMO'li, a O,ll;HO'!acHo Bi,ZJ;BO,ll;HB i:x Bi,ZJ; rpixa.

Maro-q:a coJio,ZJ;om;i, o6pa3oK 'IM xpecTHK, Hie i:x no6paT:aMaM :H n:aTaB: -

XTo xo'le?

KoJIM xJion:u;i 3 KpHKOM ni,ZJ;6iraJI:a ,ZJ;O Hboro, nparHy'l:a ,ZJ;apyHKa, BlH roBOpHB: -

IlOBOJil, .H XO'IY ,n;aTH :o;e TOMY 3 Bac, XTO HaRJiliiiiie Bl,ll;IIO-

BlCTb Ha O,ZJ;He IIHTaHH.H 3 KaTeXi3HCy. CBill: ,ZJ;apyHOK cTapaBc.H ,ZJ;aT:a KOMYCb 3 Hall:Jie,ZJ;a'liiiiMX XJIOIID;iB, .HKMR ,ZJ;aB XO'l TpOXH MO.iKJIHBY Bl,ll;IIOBl,ll;b.

3

iHIIIM;MM

XO,ll;MB Ha nporyJI.HHKM, 6aBHBC.H, ID;OO JIHIIIe 3aOXOTMTM ,ll;O CB. CIIOBl,ZJ;i.

O,ZJ;Horo pa3y ,ZJ;Ba :Horo IIIKiJihHi rro6paTHMM TaK rrocBap:aJIHC.H, m;o B:apiiiiHJIM 3BecT:a ,n;Bo6i:H KaMiHH.HM. KoJI:a ,Il;oMiHi.K, ,ll;OBi,ZJ;aBIIIHCb rrpo :u;e, He 3Mir Hi ITOMHpMTH lX, Hi Bl,ZJ;BeCTH Bi,ZJ; rpixa R MO.iKJIHBOrO KaJiiD;TBa, TO,ZJ;i IlliiiOB 3 HHMM Ha Micu;e ,ZJ;Bo6oro, ,n;e nepe,ZJ; caMoro 6ill:Koro 3H.HB 3 III:ai: xpecT:aKa :H cKa3aB: "Xo'ly, m;o6 .KO.iKHMR 3 BaC ITO,ll;HBHBC.H Ha Poan'.HTOrO, a ITOTiM KMHYB y MeHe KaMiHb Ta CKa3aB roJiocHo: "Icyc Xp:acToc yMep HeBMHHO, ITpOCTHBIIIM CBOlM My-qHTeJI.HM, a .H, rpiiiiHHR, XO'IY 3HeBa.iKMTM Mora :H noMCTHTHc.H". IJ;e TaK BITJIMHyJio Ha xJion:u;iB, m;o o6n,ZJ;Ba, 36eHTe.iKHBIIIHCh, onaM'.HTaJIHC.H :H noM:apMJIMC.H. Yc.H CIIpaBa 3aKl!I'IMJiaC.H CB. CITOBl,ll;,ll;ID . Ilpo CBiR repORCbKMR y-qHHO.K He C.Ka3aB ,Il;OMiHi.K HlKOMY Hi CJIOBa.

289

~

oepe3H51

Komr CB.HTHH xnontiHHa tiYB 6oroxyJihHi cnoBa, .HKHMH JIIO,ll;J 3HeBamaJIH Bora, TO Bi.n;pa3y CTaBaB CYMHHH, CXHJI.HB rOJIOBy npoKa3yBaB B cep~i 3 Haif6iJihiiiOIO mo6oB,.IO: "CnaBa lcyc~ XpncTy!", TaKHM tiHHOM HaMaraiOtiHCb Bi.n;.n;aTH tieCTb Bory 3l 3HeBary :H:oro iMeHi. O.n;Horo .n;H.a, BepTaiOtiHCb 3i IIIKOJIH, notiyB ru;o .HKHHCb cTapn:H: tiOJIOBiK 3HeBamHB Bora cTparnHHl\ 6orOXYJibCTBOM. ,[.(oMiHiK am 3aTpeMTiB i Bi.n;pa3y TIOtiaJ npocnaBJI.HTH B cep~i Bora, a noTiM 3po6HB ru;e o.n;Hy no.n;HB~ ri.n;Hy pili. Ili.n;6ir .n;o Toro 6oroxyJihHHKa i 3 aHreJibCbKHl\ TIOrJI.H,ll;OM tieMHO CTIHTaB iforo, 'IH He Mir 6H TIOKa3aTH HOMy, ,ll;4 e MOJIHTOBH.H cB. <l>paH~icKa CanhChKoro. Ilo6atiHBIIIH TaKor( MHJIOrO XJIOTI'IHHY, 6oroxyJlbHHK 3M' .HK i Bi,ll;TIOBiB Jiari,ll;HO: - Ha manb, xnontiHKY, .a He 3Haro.

- 0, .HK BH He 3HaeTe ~bOrO, TO MOmeTe 3p06HTH MeHi iHIII~ pili.

- 3 OXOTOIO, TiJibKH CKamH MeHi. To.n;i ,[.(oMiHiK npncTynHB 6nnmtie .n;o 6oroxyJibHHKa i THXO ru;o6 iHrni He tiYJIH, rnenHyB ifoMy .n;o Byxa: - Bn 3po6nTe MeHi BeJIHKY npneMHiCTb, .aKru;o B cBoeM~ rHiBi Ka3aTHMeTe iHIIIi CJIOBa, 6e3 6orOXYJibHOl 3HeBarH CB.HTOr4 Bomoro iMeHi. Toll: tiOJIOBiK, 3,ll;HBOBaHHH, Bi.n;noBiB xnontiHHi: - Tn Maern cnyrnHiCTb. IJ;e npoKJI.HTa xn6a, .HKO'i 3a BC.HK~ ~iHy XO'IY TI036yTHC.H. Konn .HKHHCb xnone~h BHMOBJI.HB ni.n; tiac cBapKH iM'.H lcyc~ 6e3 noTpe6n if Bi.n;noBi.n;Ho'i nornaHH, ,[.(oMiHiK 6paB :H:oro 3a pyKy BiB ,ll;O KaTIJIH'IKH, TaM 06H.n;Ba CTaBaJIH Ha KOJiiHa i TO,ll;i ,[.(oMiHiJ. npOCHB TOrO XJIOTI~.H p03Ka.HTHC.H 3a Te, Ili;O TipH3BaB .n;apeMH( Bome iM'.a; a KOJIH TOM xnontiHHa He BMiB po36y.n;HTH B co6: maJIIO, TO ,[.(oMiHiK B'IHB HOrO, a TIOTiM 06H.n;Ba npoKa3yBaJIF no6omHo: "CnaBa lcycy XpncTy!" 3po3yMiBIIIH, Ili;O HaHCB.HTiiiiOIO B CBiTi cnpaBOIO e TipO,ll;OB meHH.H XpncToBo'i npa~i Ha.n; cnaciHH.HM .n;yrn, TO notiaB ru;E aKTHBHirne .n;6aTH npo cnaciHH.H cBo'ix no6paTHMiB. Tie10 cnpaBoK TaK 6yB 3aXOTIJieHHH, Ili;O '!aCTO rOBOpHB: - .HKHH .a 6yB 6n ru;acJIHBHH, .aKru;o 6 Mir npHBeCTH .n;o BorE BCiX CBOIX no6paTHMiB! Bo.n;Hotiac cTapaBc.H 3aBm.n;n cnymHTH 'iM .n;o6po10 nopa.n;oK tiM 3acTeperTH 'ix, .HK po6HJIH a6o Ka3aJIH ru;och npoTH BomH)j 3anoBi.n;e:H:. 3aJII06KH tiHTaB mHTTenncn CB.HTHx, .aKi npa~IOBaJIE Ha.n; cnaciHH.HM iHIIIHX. Po3MOBJI.HB oxotie npo MicioHepiB, .HKi Tpy,ll;HJIHC.H B ,ll;aJieKHX Kpa.HX ,ll;JI.H .n;o6pa .n;yrn, a OCKiJibKH CaN He Mir TIOCJiaTH lM .HKOlCb MaTepiaJibHOl ,ll;OTIOMOrH, TO KO)KHOrC

290

9 6epe3HR

,li;H.H MOJIHBC.H 3a HHX, a pa3 y TIDK,ll;eHh - IIpHMMaB 3a HHX CB. IlpH"tlaCT.H. lJ~CTO am CKpHKyBaB: - CKiJihKH ,n;ym "tleKaiOTh Hamo'i rroMo"tli B AHrJii'i! Ax, .HK6H .H MaB CIIpOMOry 6yTH TaM i rrpOIIOBi,li;.HMH Ta ,n;o6pHM IIpHKJia~M 3'e,n;HaTH BCiX ,li;JI.H rocrro,n;a ... .flK TiJihKH CTaHy CB.H~eHHKOM, BH6epych ,n;o MoH,n;oHio, 36epy Bcix ,n;iTeft B o,n;Hift 3aJii, HaB"tlaTHMY 'ix KaTexi3HCY i 3po6JIIO 'ix ycix CB.HTHMH. CKiJihKH 6i,n;HHX ,n;iTeft rri,n;yTh Ha IIOrH6eJih, 60 HeMa KOMY HaB"tiHTH IX KaTeXi3HCy! O,n;HH 3 ftoro TOBapHmiB, 6amaiO"tiH rrepepBaTH ftoro ,n;yMKH npo Maft6yTHe, CKa3aB: - lJoMy TH rOBOpHill TaKi pe1:1i?

- ToMy ~o ,n;ymi Bcix JIIO,n;eft Bi,n;KyrrJieHi KpoB'ro lcyca XpHCTa; TOMY ~0 BCi MH - 6paTH i IIOBHHHi JII06HTH Hami ,n;ymi; TOMY ~o Bor Kame HaM ,n;orroMaraTH o,n;HH o,n;HoMy B crrpaBi CTiaCiHH.H . .flK MeHi B,ll;aCThC.H CIIaCTH XO"tl O,li;HY ,n;ymy, TO Bp.HTYIO i CBOIO BJiaCHY. IIi,n; 1:1ac BaKau;ift BiH crrpaB,n;i 6yB HeBTOMHHM arrocToJioM: 36HpaB ,n;iTeft, Yl:IHB IX KaTeXi3HCy, 3aOXO"tiYIO"tiH ,li;O MOJIHTBH, y1:1acTi B CJiym6i Bomi Ta iHmHx rro6omHHX crrpaBax. lll;o6 3~KaBHTH 'ix KaTexi3au;iero, po3,n;aBaB 'iM o6pa3KH, xpecTHKH ft Me,n;aJihHOH"tiHKH, ~o 'ix 3aBm,n;H MaB rrpH co6i. Oco6JIHBO 3BepTaB yBary Ha Te, ~o6 yci ,n;o6pe BMiJIH po6HTH Ha co6i CB. xpecT, 3HaK Hamo'i peJiiri'i. B,n;oMa HaB"tlaB ,n;Box cBo'ix MaJIHX 6paTHKiB l:IHTaTH, IIHCaTH, KaTeXi3HCy; MOJIHBC.H 3 HHMH BpaHD;i Ta BBel:lepi.

Bo,n;HB 'ix ,n;o u;epKBH, rroKa3yBaB, .HK rrpaBHJihHO po6HTH 3HaK CB. XpeCTa i 6JiarOCJIOBHTH ce6e CB.H"tleHOIO BO,li;OIO. 3aMiCTh IIpOBO,D;HTH "tlaC y IIYCTO~ax, Ci,n;aB 6iJI.H 6aThKiB i OTIOBi,n;aB lM a60 CBOlM TOBapHillaM rapHi Ta D;iKaBi IIOB"tlaHH.H. BpaHD;i BCTaBaB i CIIilllHB ,D;O u;epKBH, 3aOXO"tiYIO"tiH ,li;O IJ;hOrO H CBOlX TOBapHilliB. ,[(oMiHiK BHKOpHCTOByBaB KOmHy Haro,n;y 3p06HTH ~OCh ,n;o6pe l:IH ,n;aTH .HKYCh p03YMHY rropa,n;y ,li;JI.H ,n;o6pa ,n;ymi.

O,n;Horo ,li;H.H rri,n; 1:1ac rrepepBH ,n;o roHaKiB o. BocKo rri,n;iftmoB .HKHHCh 6e3BipHHK i IIO"tlaB p03BamaTH IX mapTaMH, a IIOTiM BHCMiiOBaTH peJiiriiO H AYXOBHHX oci6. KOJIH Ha,n;iHillOB ,[(oMiHiK i IIO"tiYB CJIOBa HeBipyiO"tiOro, KpHKHYB ,li;O rro6paTHMiB, ~0 CJIYXaJIH ftoro: - Xo,n;iMo 3Bi,n;cH, 3aJIHillHMO Toro He~acJIHBD;.H caMoro; BiH XO"tle BKpaCTH Hallli ,n;yrni!

IOHaKH rrocJiyXaJIH cBoro MaJioro rrpoBi,n;HHKa i Bi,n;iftmJIH, a 6e3BipHHK IIilllOB i Bme 6iJihllle HiKOJIH He IIpHXO,li;HB . .HKoch xoTiJIH xJiorru;i 3 iHCTHTYTY o. BocKo HTH KyrraTHC.H, ~o B OKOJI:PIIJ;i TopiHo BBamaJIOC.H aMopaJihHO, a TaKom 6yJio He6e3rrel:IHO ,li;JI.H mHTT.H. ,ll;oMiHiK rrpo6yBaB CTPHMaTH 'ix Bi,n; Toro

291

9

6epeaH~

He6e3ne"'IHOro ,n;JI.H ,n;ymi if TiJia KynaHH.H, a KOJIH u;e iioMy He • B,D;aJIOC.H, CKa3aB pirny-qe: - .H He xo-qy, ~o6 BH HIIIJIH. - Ta MH TaM He 6y,n;eMo po6HTH Hi"'loro noraHoro.

- Bn He nocJiyxaJIH cBoi:x HaCTO.HTeJiiB, ,n;acTe iHIIIHM npnBi,n; ,n;o rpixa a6o caMi 3rpimnTe "'IH noTonnTecb, i KameTe, ~o u;e He e 3Jie? - .AJie HaM TaK rapH"'Ie, ~0 Bme He MOmeMO BHTpHMaTH. - HK BH He MomeTe BHTPHMaTH cneKH n;boro cBiTy, TO .HK nepeHeceTe cTparrmy mapy neKJia, Ha HKY BH co6i 3acJiymnTe? Ti CJIOBa MaJIOrO aiiOCTOJia 3BOpyiiiHJIH lX, i BOHR IIO"'IaJIH p03BamaTHC.!I iHIIIHM "'IHHOM, a B Ha3Ha"'leHHH "'laC IIiiiiJIH ,D;O u;epKBH Ha 6orocJiym6y.

HKocb AoMiHiK 3BepHyB yBary o,n;HoMy 3 ToBapnrniB Ha iioro noraHy noBe,n;iHKy. XJioneu;b po3cep,n;HBC.H, BHJia.HB AoMiHiKa, 6nB iioro KyJiaKaMH Ta KanaB HoraMH. AoMiHiK 6yB 6iJibiiiHM i CHJibHiiiiHM 3a Taro 3JilO~OrO XJIOIIIJ;.!I H Mir ,n;o6pe IIOMCTHTHC.!I. Ane BiH 6yB xpncTH.HHHHOM. Xo-q Bi,n; 3HeBarn if 6oJIIO no-qepBoHiB Ha 06JIH"'I"'Ii, OIIaHyBaB CBiH rHiB i TiJibKH CKa3aB: - .H To6i npo~aiO. Tn 3po6nB noraHo, He noBo,n;bc.H TaK 3 iHIIIHMH. CBRTHH IOHaK cep,n;e"'IHO JIID6HB IIpe-qncTy ,l(iBy. 1 IacTo roBopnB: ".H 6amaB 6n ~ocb 3po6HTH Ha "'leCTb Mapil, aJie 6oiOC.H, ~0 He BHCTa"'IHTb MeHi "'lacy". 3a piK ,D;O CMepTi 3aCHyBaB 3 KiJibKOMa no6paTnMaMH ToBapncTBO Henopo"'IHO 3atiaToi:. llJieHH TOrO TOBapHCTBa IIOBHHHi 6yJIH IIpOIIa:r'yBaTH BIIIaHyBaHH.!I Henopo"'IHOi: ,Z:J;iBH Mapil, a TaKom -qacTe cB. IIpn-qacT.H. B npaBHJibHHKy, .HKHH CKJiaB AoMiHiK ,n;JI.H "'IJieHiB TOBapncTBa, "'IHTaeMO TaKi IIOCTaHOBH II060mHHX IOHaKiB: ,D;OTpHMyBaTHCb iHCTHTYTCbKHX npaBHJI; ,n;aBaTH ,n;o6pHH IlpHKJia,n; II06paTHMaM; He ra.HTH "'lacy; CJiyXaTH HaCTO.HTeJiiB; BHKOHyBaTH CBOl o6oB'.!I3KH; CTapaTHC.!I He po6HTH IIOMHJIOK; He t.IHHHTH IlpHKpOCTi iHIIIHM; npHcTynaTn ,n;o cB. TanH ~oHe,n;iJii if y CB.HTa; 3pa3KOBo IIOBO,D;HTHC.!I BClO,D;H; "'IHTaTH ,n;yXOBHi KHHmKH y BiJibHHH qac; He HapiKaTH Ha xapqi; 6e3MemHo ,n;oBip.HTH Mapil, 6yTn cyBopHMH ,D;O ce6e, JiaCKaBHMH ,D;O 6JIH)KHiX, peTeJibHHMH i IIHJibHHMH B YCbOMy. Y u;nx nocTaHoBax npo.HBJI.HIOTbC.H norJia,n;n if xapaKTep CB. AoMiHiKa: BiH yMiB xoTiTH po3yMHHX i ,n;o6pnx pe-qeif. BiH 3HaB, ~0 e ,n;o6pe, i BCieiO CHJIOIO CBOrO ,n;yxy IIOCTiHHO po6HB MOra, BO,D;HO"'IaC CIIOHyKaiO"'IH ,D;O ,n;o6pa i CBOlX TOBapHIIIiB. I.ll;o6 CTaTH CB.!ITHM, Tpe6a IIOJII06HTH Bora BCiM CBOlM cepn;eM, 3HaTH iioro BOJIIO if nocTiiiHo 3 JII06oBi ,n;o Hboro li: BHKOHyBaTH.

292

9 6epe3HR

CTaTH .n;ocKoHa.TIHM rroMara.TIH .ll:oMiHiKoBi CB. crroBi.n;b i "tJ:acTe, HaBiTh :w;o.n;eHHe, cB. IlpH"tlaCT.H. BiH Bi.n; 7 poKy :>KHTT.H He po3JIY"tJ:aBc.a 3i cB. TaiiHaMH. IIepe6yBaiO"tJ:H B iHCTHTyTi o. BocKo, XJIOIIeD;b KO:>KHOrO TH:>KH.H o6rOBOpiOBaB IIi,ll; "tJ:aC CB. CIIOBi,ll;i CTaH cBoei: .n;yrni, a rroTiM 3JIYKOIO 3 XpHCTOM y cB. IlpH"tlacTi KpirrHB ce6e ,!1;0 BipHOrO, ,ll;OCKOHa.Tioro, "tJ:aCTO repOHChKOrO BHKOHaHH.H Tiel ,ll;YXOBHOl rrporpaMH, .HKY ,ll;JI.H Ma.Tioro 6opn;.H 3a CB.HTiCTh cKJia.n;aB cB. o. BocKo . .ll:oMiHiK .HKHaHpeBHiiiie roTyBaBC.H ,!1;0 CB. IlpH"tlaCT.H, a KOJIH rrpHiiMaB XpHcTa .n;o cepn;.a, TO TaK 3axorr.TieHo ft cep.n;e"tJ:HO rrpoc.TiaBJI.HB Horo, :w;o "tJ:acTo 3a6yBaB rrpo Bee, :w;o ,n;i.HJIOCb HaBKO.TIO HhOro; HOrO rro6paTHMH, IIOCHi,n;aBIIIH, CIIiiiiHJIH ,!1;0 IIIKOJIH, a BiH :w;e K.TI.H"tJ:aB y Kaii.TIHn;i H BH.HB.TI.HB lcycoBi enoiO JII06oB •.• HKoeh 3yeTpin ,1l;oMiHiK eB.am;eHHKa, .HKHH Hie HafteB.aTirni TaiiHH .n;o He.n;ymoro. He 6a"tJ:a"tJ:H eyxoro Mien;.a, :w;o6 BCTaTH Ha KO.TiiHa, K.TI.HKHYB rrpocTo B 6o.TioTo. Ha 3aynameHH.H rro6paTHMa, ID;O Bor He BHMarae Bi,ll; HaC, m;o6 MH BHMa3yBa.TIH eBOlO O,ll;e:>Ky, ,1l;oMiHiK Bi.n;rroBiB: "Ko.TiiHa ft IIITaHH Ha.TiemaTh Tem BoroBi: Bee Mae c.Tiy:>KHTH ,n;JI.a Horo BIIIaHyBaHH.H ft rrpoc.TiaBH. HK .a rrpoxo.n;my 6iJI.a Hhoro, TO .a He TiJihKH KJI.HKHYB 6H B 6oJIOTO, m;o6 Bi.n;.n;aTH HoMy "tJ:eCTb, a.Tie CKO"'IHB 6H HaBi'l'l> .n;o BorHeHHoi: IIe"tJ:i, ID;06 TaKHM "tJ:HHOM CTaTH y-qaCHHKOM :>Kapy 6e3KOHe"tJ:HOl JII06oBi, .aKa crroHyKa.Tia Bora neTaHOBHTH D;IO Be.TIHKY TaftHy".

IHIIIHM pa30M ,1l;oMiHiK II06a"tJ:HB, ID;O O,ll;HH BO.HK He KJI.HKHyB, KOJIH CB.HID;eHHK Hie HaftcB.aTirni TaiiHH. He MaiO"tJ:H ni.n;narH cKa3aTH HOMY Bi,n;.n;aTH "tJ:eCTb XpHCTOBi B IIpecB.HTiii €BxapHCTil, BHT.HrHyB 3 KHIIIeHi xycTHHKY, 3acTe.TIHB Ha 6py.n;HoMy Mien;i ft KHBHYB BO.HKOBi, KJI.HKHYTH Ha xycTHHD;i. Bi.n; Hecrro.n;iBaHKH BO.HK He 3HaB :w;o po6HTH, a.Tie, 3po3yMiBIIIH 6amaHH.H X.TIOII"tJ:HHH, cTaB Ha KoJiiHa eepe.n; BYJIHn;i, HaBiTh 6e3 xycTHHKH. TaK B o.n;Hy MHTb BHSIBHJiacSI i ,1l;oMiHiKona JII06on ,n;o Icyca, i iioro arrocTO.TibChKa peBHiCTb. BHKOHaHH.H cBoi:x o6oB' .H3KiB m;o.n;o Bora, 6aTbKiB, HaCTO.HTe.TiiB, IIIKi.TibHHX rro6paTHMiB i HaB"tJ:aHH.H 6y.TIO rrpe.n;MeTOM oco6JIHBoi: .n;6aH.TIHBOcTi ,1l;oMiHiKa. Bci rrpHKpo:w;i :>KHTT.H B6ororo IIIKO.TI.Hpa BiH 3HOCHB CIIOKiHHO, HaBiTb BeeeJIO, Ha"tJ:e 6 pi3Hi HecTaTKH m;o.n;eHHoro :>KHTTSI po6HJIH ftoMy rrpneMHiCTb. Ha.n;3BH"tJ:aHHO IIH.TibHO KOHTpomoBaB cBoi: rr' .HTb opraHiB "liYTT.H. 3oKpeMa eBiH 3ip, ID;06 He CIIHH.HTH HOrO Ha TaKHX OC06ax "tJ:H pe"tlax, or.TI.a,n;aHH.H .HKHX 3aHerroKoiOe ft IIJI.HMHTb MOJio.n;i .n;yrni.

IIocTiHHHM i1: Ha,ll;3BH'!aHHHM yrroKopeHH.HM .D:oMiHiK 6yn .n;yme 6.TIH3hKHM ~o Bora. 3aB,ll;.HKH enoi:H CB.HTiH Beee.TIOCTi ft .n;o6pift IIOBe,ll;iHD;i BiH 6yB YJII06JieHD;eM ycix.

293

9 6epe3Hfl

Kom1: ,Il;oMiHiK 6yB yme ,n;ocKoHaJio roTOBHH ,n;o 3YCTpFn 3 He6ecHHM 0Tn;eM y Bil.IHOMY rn;acTi, KOJIH •Bor BHpimHB rrepeca,n;HTH TY po3KBiTJIY JieJiiiO 3 3eMJii ,n;o paro, 3,n;opoB' .a IOHaKa CTaJIO B'.HHYTH, HOrO CHJIH IIOl.laJIH TaHyTH, Hal.le CHir Ha COHD;i.

0. BocKo rropa,n;HBC.H 3 JiiKap.HMH i BHpimHB Bi,n;icJiaTH ,Il;oMiHiKa ,li;O 6aThKiB. lOHaKOBi 6yJIO Ha,D;3BHl.laHHO BamKO p03JIYl.JaTHC.H 3 HHM, CBO'iM rrpoBi,n;HHKOM, Ha ,n;opo3i CB.HTOCTi. Harrepe,n;o,n;Hi Bi,n;''i3,n;y ,n;o pi,n;Hi Maiime He Bi,n;cTyrraB Bi,n; o. BocKo :H: pa3 y pa3 IIHTaB rrpo pi3Hi CB.HTi pel.li. YBel.lepi, nepe,n; Bi,n;''i3,n;oM, BiH 3anHTaB :H:oro: - Ill;o Mome 3po6HTH xBopHii, rn;o6 MaTH 3acJiyry nepe,n; Eo roM? - JKepTByBaTH TeprriHH.H BceBHillHhOMY. - A rn;o rn;e BiH Mome 3po6HTH? - IIomepTByBaTH BoroBi cBoe mHTT.H. - liH .H MOmy 6yTH rreBHHH, ID;O MOl rpiXH 6y,n;yTh MeHi rrporn;eHi? - 3arreBH.HIO Te6e BomHM iMeHeM, rn;o TBo'i rpixH 6y,n;yTh To6i rrporn;eHi. - liH .H Momy 6yTH rreBHHH, ID;O 6y,n;y crraceHHHH? - TaK, 3a BomHM MHJiocep,n;.aM, .HKoro To6i He 6paKye, TH 6y,n;em crrptiB,n;i crraceHHHH. - Ill;o CKa3aTH ,li;H.HBOJIOBi, .HK BiH 6y,n;e MeHe CIIOKymaTH? CKamem iioMy, rn;o TH npo,n;aB CBOIO ,n;ymy IcycoBi XpHCTOBi, .HKHH KYIIHB 'i'i n;iHoro cBoe'i KpoBi. .HKm;o ,n;H.HBOJI l.IHHHB 611: T06i rn;e iHmi rrepeillKO,li;H, TO CIIHTaem HOrO, ID;O BiH 3po6HB ,n;JI.a TBOe'i ,n;ymi. IlaM' .HTaii, rn;o Icyc XpHCTOC rrpoJIHB ycro cBoro KpoB, rn;o6 BH3BOJIHTH 'i'i 3 rreKJia Ta 3aBeCTH ,n;o He6a.

- liH 3Bi,n;TH .a 3Momy 6al.IHTH cBo'ix ,n;py3iB? - TaK, 3 He6a TH 6al.IHTHMem yBech Ham iHCTHTyT, cBo'ix 6aTbKiB Ta iHmi pel.li, B THC.Hl.IY pa3iB Kparn;i 3a 3eMHi. - liH 3MOmy IIpHHTH Bi,n;Bi,n;aTH Bac? - 3Momem rrpHHTH, .HKID;O n;e rrpHHece 6iJihmy cJiaBy Bora.

3 D;HX i rro,n;i6HHX IIHTaHb MOmHa 6yJIO 3p03yMiTH, ID;O BiH yme CTOlTb O,D;Hi€10 HOrOIO B paHCbKHX BOpOTax, aJie nepe,n; BXO,li;OM TY,D;H xol.le ,n;o6pe po3Bi,n;aTH, m;o TaM :H:oro l.leKae. IJepe,n; Bi,n;'I3,li;OM 3p06HB IIpHrOTyBaHH.H ,li;O m;aCJIHBOl CMepTi, ,n;o cB. Taii:H rrpHCTYIIHB 3 Ha,D;3BHl.laii:Horo no6omHicTIO, TaK, Hal.le TOl.IHO 3HaB, ID;O CKOpO IIOMpe. IloTiM XO,li;HB Bi,n; rro6paTHMa ,li;O II06paTHMa i IIpOID;aBC.H 3 KOmHHM, O,li;HHM 3BepTaiO"l£H yBary, ID;06 BHIIpaBHJIH .HKiCh CBOl XH6H, iHillHJJ;. 3aOXOl.lyBaB 3aJIHillaTHC.H B ,n;o6poMy. 0. BocKo ,Il;oMiHiK Hara,n;aB, m;o6 rri,n; l.lac Maii6yTHho'i no13,n;KH ,n;o PHMa 3BepHyB Ilani oco6JIHBY yBary Ha HaBepHeHH.H

9 6epe3HR AHrJii'i. IlpH 6paMi o6epHyBc.H ~e pa3 i cKa3aB .n;o acix: - Ilpo~anTe, .n;opori .n;py3i, rrpo~ailTe aci, MOJiiTbC.H 3a MeHe. ,[(o 3YCTpiqi TaM, .n;e 6y.n;eMo 3aam.n;H 3 focrro.n;oM! OrricJI.H rrpocHB o. BocKo .n;aTH iloMy rrarrchKHH ai.n;rryOO' y ro.n;HHY CMepTi. IlpHi:xaBIIIH 3 TopiHo .n;o MoH.n;oHio, .n;e JKHJia iloro po.n;HHa, ,[(oMiHiK TaK ocJia6, ~o 6aTbKO rroai3 iloro .n;o JiiKap.H. Toil, .n;yMaiO'!H, ~o .u;e 3arraJieHH.H, BHpiiiiHB p.HTyBaTH iloro crry~eH­ H.HM KpOBi. IJepe.n; D;HM CKa3aB ,[(oMiHiKOBi Bi.n;aepHyTH rOJIOBY ll 6yTH TeprreJIHBHM. CB.HTHH IOHaK rroqaa CMi.HTHC.H, Kamyt-nr: - ID;o .u;e HarrpoTH D;B.HXiB, ~o rrpo6HJIH pyKH i1: Honr Haiiioro HailHeBHHHiiiioro CrracnTeJI.H? ToMy 30BCiM crroKiilHo, 6e3 HailMeHIIIoro 3aHerroKoeHH.H ,Il;HBHBC.H, .HK 3HOrO JKHJI IIJIHJia KpOB. IJ;IO rrpo.u;e.n;ypy IIOBTOpHJIH llOMy 10 pa3iB. IliCJI.H TOrO JiiKap i 6aTbKH 6yJIH Tiel .n;yMKH, ~0 ,[(oMiHiKoBi cTaJio Kpa~e. aJie BiH caM .n;yMaB iHaKIIIe. ToMy cKa3aB .n;o 6aTbKa: - TaTy, Kpa~e rropa.n;HTHC.H 3 He6ecHHM JliKapeM. BamaiO BHCIIOBi.n;aTHC.H ll IlpHllH.HTH CB. IlpH'!aCT.H. 3 BeJIHKOIO II060JKHiCTID BiH IlpHllH.HB OCTaHHill pa3 CBOrO Hail.n;opomqoro Icyca, .HKoro BiH TaK JII06na!_ To.n;i rroBTOpHB KiJibKa pa3iB: - Icyce, Mapie, Bn 3aam.n;H 6y.n;eTe rrpH.HTeJI.HMH MOd .n;yiiii.

Kamy i1: rroBTOpiOIO THC.H'!Y pa3ia: BMepTH, aJie He 3rpiiiiHTH. IloTiM 30BCiM CIIOKillHO CKa3aB: - Terrep .H a.n;oaoJieHHil. IJ;e rrpaa.n;a, ~o .H MaiO ai.n;6yTH .n;oary rro.n;opom .n;o Bi'IHOCTi, aJie B TOBapHCTBi Icyca He MaiO qoro 6o.HTHC.H. roaopiTb 3aBJK,Il;H, roaopiTb yciM: XTO Mae Icyca C)JOlM .n;pyroM ll rro6paTHMOM, He 6oi:TbC.H Hi.HKOrO JIHXa, HaBiTb CaMOl CMepTi. qepe3 '!OTHpH ,Il;Hi He.n;yrH JiiKap, 3a,Il;OBOJieHHll BHrJI.H,Il;OM XJIOIID;.H, CKa3aB 6aTbKaM: - ,[(.HKyilMo BomoMy IIpoBH.n;iHHIO, xaopo6a ame rrepeMomeHa, '!eKaeMo Terrep an.n;ymaHH.H. 3pa.n;iJIH ai.n; THX cJiiB 6aTbKH. AJie ,[(oMiHiK cKa3aB: - CaiT rrepeMomeHnil, MeHi Tpe6a TiJibKH .n;o6pe rrocTaTH rrepe.n; EoroM. IlicJI.H ai.n;xo.n;y JiiKap.H ,[(oMiHiK cKa3aB 6aTbKaM, ~o 6amae rrpHHH.HTH ca. Tai1:Hy 0JIHBorroMa3aHH.H. KoJIH rrpHiliiioB CB.H~e­ HHK, XJIOIIeD;b rrepe.n; CaMHM IIOMa3aHH.HM IlpOKa3aB cep.n;e'!HY MOJIHTBy: "0, rocrro.n;H, rrpOCTH MeHi MOl rpixH . .H JII06mo Te6e i xoqy JII06JIITH Te6e 3aam.n;n! Hexail D;.H ca. TailHa, .HKY B caoeMy MHJIOCep.n;i ,Il;03BOJI.H€III MeHi rrpHHH.HTH, 3iTpe 3 MOel .n;yiiii' BCi

..

295

} 6epe3H!'I

'PiXH, 3p06JieHi CJIYXOM, 30pOM, ycTaMH, pyKaMH H HOraMH. fexa:i1: MOe TiJIO H ~yrna CTaHyTh OCB.!PieHUMH 3acnyraMH TBOel IIYKH, aMiHh". Ha~3BH'!a:i1:Ho pa~iB noBHHM Bi~nycToM, m;o M:oro >~epmaB niCJI.!I llpHHH.!ITT.H CB. 0JIHBOllOMa3aHH.H. - ,ll;.HKYIO Bory, - cKa3aB, - 3aBm~H ~.!IKYIO BoroBi. 3ro~oM nonpocHB 6aThKa npo'!HTaTH :i1:oMy MOJIHTBH 3a :u;aCJIHBY CMepTh. IlO'IYBiliH Ti CJIOBa, MaTH peBHO 3aiTJiaKaJia i m:i1:rnna 3 KiMHaTH cHHa, a 6aThKo 3 6oneM y cep:u;i no'IaB 'IHTaTH Iepe~CMepTHY MOJIHTBY. ,ll;oMiHiK BHpa3HO llOBTOpiOBaB 3a )aThKOM KOmHe CJIOBO, '!aCTO ~o~aiO'!H Bi~ ce6e: "MHJIOcep~HHH :cyce, 3MHJIOCep~HC.!I Ha~i MHOIO".

MonnTBa 3aKiH'IyBanacR cnoBaMH: ".HK MO.H ~yrna 3'.!1BHThC.!I 1pernTi nepe~ To6oro i no6a'!HTh neprnHH pa3 6e3cMepTHY :BiTJiiCTh TBoei: Benn'Ii, He Bi~~aJI.HH i:Y Bi~ Moro nn:u;a, ane IPHiliJIH MeHe ~o JII06JI.H'!oro JIOHa TBoro Mnnocep~.11, m;o6 .11 li'!HO cniBaB nicHIO TBoei: CnaBH".

- ,D;o6pe, ~oporn:i1: 6aThKO, - cKa3aB ,ll;oMiHiK. - IJ;e .!1Kpa3 'e, '!oro .H 6amaro - cniBaTH nicHIO Bomo'i cnaBn! IliCJI.!I TOrO BiH Ha'Ie Ha XBHJihKY 3aCHyB, a 3rO~OM npOMOBHB mpa3HO i 3 ycMirnKoro Ha BYCTax: - BYBaft 3~opoB, 6aTeHhKy, 6yBa:i1: 3~opoB ... Ox, .!IKY rapHy >i'I .11 6a'!y Tenep .. !

3 THMH CJIOBaMH, 3 paHChKOIO ycMiiliKOIO Ha 06JIH'I'Ii Ta 3 >yKaMH, CKJia~eHHMH HaBXpeCT, 6e3 HaHMeHrnoro CTpaxy Bi~~aB ~OMiHiK BoroBi CBOIO CB.HTY ~yrny.

Byno :u;e BBe'Iepi 9 6epe3H.!I 1857 Bomoro poKy. Toro ~H.!I noMep ,ll;oMiHiK ~.71.!1 3eMJii, ane Hapo~HBC.H ~.71.!1 re6a. XTo po~HThC.!I ~.71.!1 3eMJii, po~HThC.H ~.71.!1 THM'!acoBocTi, ~To po~HThC.!I ~.71.!1 He6a, po~HThC.!I ~JI.H Bi'IHOCTi. ToMy XpHCTOBa J;epKBa CB.HTKye naM'.HTh cBo'ix CB.!ITHX Toro ~H.!I, KOJIH BOHH rapo~HJIHC.H ~.71.!1 He6a H m;aCJIHBOl Bi'IHOCTi. Ilana Ili:i1: X ~yme rnaHyBaB :i1: JII06HB ,Il;oMiHiKa. KoJIH 20 £HllH.!I 1914 pOKY Ilany CllHTaJIH, Ill;O BiH ~yMae npo ,ll;oMiHiKa ~aBio, CB.HTirnH:i1: 0Te:u;h Bi~noBiB: - I.I.I;o .11 ~yMaiO? BiH - npaB~HBHH B3ipe:u;h ~.71.!1 IOHa:u;TBa rarnoro 'laCy. lOHaK, Ill;O CXO~HTh ~0 rpo6y 3 HeBHHHiCTIO :pHm;eHH.!I, .!IKHH BllpO~OBm KOpOTKHX JiiT CBOrO mHTT.!I mo~HOrO 1a3y He cxn6HB, e HanpaB~Y CB.!ITHH. TaK ~yMaB Ilana, TaK ~yMaJin B'IHTeJii i rnKiJihHi no6paTHMH ~OMiHiKa, :u;e CTBep~HB caM Bor 'Iy~aMH, nw CTaJIHC.!I 3a M:oro rocepe~HHIJ;TBOM.

lcTopi.H MaJioro ,ll;oMiHiKa m;e He 3aKiH'IeHa.

10 6epe3HR ,ll;OKH mHTHMe JIIO,IJ;CTBO Ha 3eMJii, ,D;OTH MOJIO,D;b MaTHMe ,D;JISI HaCJii,D;yBaHHSI BeJIHKHH llpHKJia,D; CBSITOrO XpHCTHSIHChKOrO mHTTH, a ,ll;oMiHiK rro,D;aBaTHMe 3 He6a noMi'I KomHoMy MOJIO,D;OMY cepu;ro, SIKe cxo'Ie 6yTH MHJIHM IcycoBi H Mapi'i.

IJ;eli xJioneu;h - ueJIHKe cBi,D;'IeHHSI Toro, ~o Mome 3po6HTH Hama CHJII>Ha BOJISI, 3.JIY1IeHa 3 Bomoro .JiacKOIO. 10 6epeaH.R

CB.HTHH KO,IJ;PAT I ,IJ;PY)KHHA CB. Ko,D;paT 6yB CHHOM rpen;hKHX xpHCTHSIH 3 MicTa KopiHTa. HapO,D;HBCSI BiH y .JiiCOBiH ny~i, ,D;e :tforo MaTH XOBa.JiaCSI Bi,D; nepec.Jii,D;yBaHHSI iMnepaTopa ,ll;eKiH. OnoBi,D;a.JIH, ~o KO.JIH MaTH noMepJia, Ma.Jioro Ko,D;paTa mHBHB caM Bor He6ecHoiO nomnBOIO, a O,D;ema, HKY MaTH ,D;aJia HOMY B ,D;HTHHCTBi, poc.Jia 'Iy,D;ecHo pa30M 3 HHM. Ilo,D;opoc.JiimaBliiH Ko,D;paT noKHHYB ny~y i BepHyBCSI ,D;O MicTa, ,D;e no'IaB BHB'IaTH Me,D;HII;HHy. By.JIH B Hhoro YliHi, HKi BeJIH Bory nocBSI'IeHe mHTTSI. KoJIH Ha HaKa3 iMnepaTopiB ,D;eKiSI li Ba.JigpiSIHa npecpeKT rpeu;i'i .flCOH llO'IaB nepec.Jii,D;yBaTH XpHCTHsffi, npHBeJIH CB. 1 Ko,D;paTa Ta nora ll SITh YliHiB ,ZI;O HhOro Ha cy,D; • .HcoH npo6yBaB nepeKoHaTH Ko,D;paTa npnHecTH mepTBY 6oraM i TaKHM 'IHHOM BPHTyBaTYICSI Bi,D; Kapn. Ko.Jin m CBSITHH cMi.JIHBO BH3HaB CBOIO uipy B XpHcTa Ta 3aSIBHB, ~o Bi'IHe cnaciHHSI lioMy ,D;opom'Ie, Him mHTTSI, HaKa3aB .HcoH BipHoro XpHcToBoro 6opu;H 6H'IyBaTn. Ilic.JISI Toro .HcoH 3BepHyBCSI ,D;O YliHSI KnnpiHHa 3 Ha,D;iero, ~0 MO.JIO,D;OrO CKOpllie B,D;aCThCSI HaMOBHTH ,D;O Bi,D;CTYllCTBa; Ta CB. Ko,D;paT 3aoxoTHB ycix 6yTH HenoxnTHHMH y cB. Bipi i norop,D;HTH JIIO,IJ;CbKHMH MyKaMH. To,D;i 3Be.JiiB .HcoH ycix MYliHTH, a oniCJISI KHHYTH ,ZI;HKHM 3BipaM Ha nomHBy; aJie Ti HaBiTh He TOPKHYJIHCSI ,D;O HHX. Ko.JIH u;e no6a"l!HJIH noraHH, TO KHHY.JIHCSI Ha HHX 3 na.JIHII;SIMH li KaMiHHSIM Ta no6HJIH 'ix, a .HcoH HaKa3aB BHBeCTH 'ix 3a MicTo i Bi,D;py6aTn 'iM ro.JIOBH. CTa.JIOCSI u;e 10 6epe3HSI 258 poKy. 3i CB. Ko,D;paTOM aarHHYJIH TO,D;i CB. ,lJ;eHHC, AHeKT, IlaB.JIO H KpncKeHT. Ha Micu;i, ,D;e 6y.Jia npo.JinTa cB. MY'IeHHIJ;hKa KpOB, BHTeKJia 'Iy,D;eCHHM Cll0C060M 'IHCTa, ,D;mepeJibHa BO,D;a.

3arHHY.JIH B KopiHTi aa XpncToBy Bipy TaKom iHmi xpHCTHSIHH. lxHi MYKH 6yJIH piaHi: BiKTopnHa, BiKTopa li HHKHcpopa•poaTpO~H.JIH B KaM'HHiH cTyni; K.JiaB,D;iH noMep y

297

11 6epe3Hfl

MyKax, KOJHI noMy Bi,n;piaamr pyKM n HorM; ~io,n;opa crraJIMJIM mMBI.J;eM: :BiH caM CKOtJMB y BoroHh; CeparrioH aarMHYB Bi,n; MetJa; IIarri.H n JieoHi,n;a BTOIIMJIM B Mopi. Bi,n; rro,n;i6HMX MYK aarMHYJIM TaKom rro6omHi miHKM: Xapilcca, HyHexi.H, BacMJiicca, HiKa, faJii.H, faJIMHa n Teo,n;opa.

11 6epe3H.f!

CBHTHH COCI»POH Y CH:piMChKOMY MiCTi ,[(aMaCKy, ,n;o6pe Bi,IJ;OMOMY tiepe3 HaBepHeHH.H CB. arrocToJia IIaBJia, mHJilf B VI cTopititJi rro6omHi xpHCTH.HHH llJiiHTOC i Mnpa.

MaJIH: BOHH: CH:Ha CocppoHa. BaThKlf ,n;aJIH noMy BMCOKY ocBiTY. HaBtJaHHIO BiH Bi,n;,n;aBaBC.H TaK, I.I.J;O MaJIO He BTpaTH:B 3ip. fpen;hKY cpiJiococpiiO aHaB ,n;yme ,n;o6pe, tiepe3 I.I.J;O MOrO Ha3H:BaJIH: "cocpiCTOM".

AJie 6iJihrne Bi,n; cBiTChKMX 3HaHh MaHH:Jia MOJio,n;oro CocppoHa ,n;yxoBHa, 6omecTBeHHa My,n;picTh. BiH rrotJaB BMBtJaTH: CB.HTe IlHChMO, Bi,n;Bi,n;yBaTH: CB. MiCI.J;.H, CJiaBHi )KlfTT.HM Jcyca XpH:cTa, n piaHi MOHaCTH:pi, ,n;e II03HaMOMlfBC.H 3i CJiaBHliMlf rrycTHHHH:KaMH, .HKi rrocB.HTMJilf cBoe mMTT.H Bory.

Y MOHaCTH:pi CB. Teo,n;oci.H BeJIHKoro rro6JIM3Y €pycaJIH:Ma BiH rroaHanoMH:BC.H ai cJiaBHMM rrycTMHHMKOM IBaHOM MocxoM, YtJeHMM i rro6omHMM CB.HI.I.J;eHMKOM, .HKMM CTaB noMy 6aThKOM, ,n;o6pMM BtJMTeJieM, I.I.J;MpMM rro6paTMMOM. IIo6yBrnM .HKMMCh tJac pa30M y TOMY MOHaCTH:pi, o6M,n;Ba ,n;pyai rrepeMIIIJili B HOp,n;aHChKY rrycTMHIO, a aro,n;oM - ,n;o JiaBpM cB. CaBM. IIoTiM rro,n;opomyBaJIM rro CMpil, MaJiin Aail n €rMrrTy, ,n;e 6JIM3hKO 580 poKy rrocTpMrc.H Co<PpoH y tJeHn;i n o,n;.HrHyB tiepHetJy p.Hcy. IIi,n; tJac MaH,n;piBKM BiH cTapaBC.H ,n;o6pe rriaHaTH: crroci6 mMTT.H n ,n;yx mo,n;en, rrocB.HtJeHMX Bory, I.I.J;06 aaB,n;.HKM ,n;o6poMy rrpMKJia,IJ;OBi CB.HTH:X MymiB Ta lXHiM IIOBtJaHH.HM 3p06MTli IIOCTYII y BJiaCHOMY ,n;yXOBHOMY mMTTi.

11

6epeaH~

ITi,n; qac nepe6yBaHHH B cJiaBHOMY e:rHneTcbKOMY MicTi OJieKcaH,n;pil BOHR Bi,n;Bi,n;aJIH cB. naTpiapxa lBaHa MHJIOCTHBoro, HKIIH m;Hpo nomo6HB i:x 3a i:xmo no6omHiCTb i My,n;picTb. ,ll;Ba poKH BOHR ,n;onoMaraJIH iioMy ynpaBJIHTII e:napxie:ro ~a BHKopiHIDBaTH E:BTHXiHHCbKY epecb. B OJieKcaH,n;pil lBirn Mocx HanHcaB pa3oM 3 CocppoHOM TBip "JlHMOHap" (KBiTHHK). Y Till: KHH3i !BaH HaBiB IJ;iKaBi ,n;yXOBHi IIpiiKJia,ZJ;II, oqeBH,ZJ;IJ;eM SIKIIX BiH 6yB caM a6o SIKi HOMY OIIOBi,n;aJIH iHIIIi MOHaXH. CocppoH y Toft qac onHcaB mHTTH ii qy,n;a CB. MyqeHHKiB KHpa H lBaHa, BH,n;ymaBIIIII qy,n;eCHO IIpH lXHiX CB. MOID;aX Bi,n; XBOp06H oqeft.

THM qacoM nepcbKHii KopoJib Xo3poii po3noqaB BiiiHy 3 rpeKaMH, 3aiiHHB CHpiro, c:I>eHiKiro ii llaJieCTHHy, 614 poKy 3,ZJ;06YB €pycaJIHM i BIIBi3 ,n;o ITepcii: CB. xpecTa rociiO,ll;HbOro Ta €pycaJIHMCbKOro IIaTpiapxa 3axapiiD, a IIOTiM pyiiiHB IIOXO,ll;OM Ha OJieKcaH,n;piro. To,n;i cB. naTpiapx !BaH MHJIOCTHBHH 3aJIHIIIHB OJieKcaH,n;piro i BH6paBCH ,n;o Qapropo,n;a pa3oM ai CB. CocppoHoM ii lBaHOM MocxoM. ,[J;oporOio CB. naTpiapx aaHe,n;ymaB i noMep y MicTi AMaTyHTi, a CB. CocppoH 3 yqHTeJieM lBaHOM i 12 iHIIIIIMII 6paTaMH BHpyrnHJIH B no,n;opom ,n;o PHMa. qepe3 KiJibKa poKiB !BaH Mocx noMep, To,n;i cB. CocppoH, ari,n;Ho a 6&maHHHM noKiiiHoro, nepeBi3. ftoro TJiiHHi OCTaHKH ,ll;O fiaJieCTHHH i IIOXOBaB y MOHaCTHpi CB. Teo,n;ociSI. ITicJISI noBepHeHHH cB. CocppoHa 3 PHMa rpeiJ;bKIIH iMnepaTop lpaKJiiii nepeMir nepciB i 629 poKy cB. XpecT rocno,n;Hiii i IIaTpiapx 3axapift 3HOBY BepHyJIHCSI ,ll;O BH3BOJieHoro €pycaJIHMa. €pycaJIHMCbKHM naTpiapxoM nicJISI cMepTi naTpiapxa 3axapiH Ta iioro HacTynHHKa Mo,n;ecTa, BH6paJIH 634 poKy CB. CocppoHa, no6omHiCTb, B"tJeHicTb ii "tJHCTa XpHcToBa Bipa HKoro 6yJIH ,n;o6pe Bi,n;oMi. HeB,n;oBai nicJISI cBoro BH6opy cB. CocppoH CKJIHKaB ycix E:IIHCKOIIiB CBOrO IIaTpiapxaTy ,ll;O_ €pycaJIHMa Ha CHHO,ll;, ID;O ocy,n;HB epecb o,n;HoBiJibiJ;iB, a6o MOHOTeJiiTiB. Ta e:pecb cKopo nornHpiDBaJiacSI, 6o 11 ni,n;TpHMyBaB iMnepaTop IpaKJiiii i ~.~;apro­ po,n;cbKHii Ta oJieKcaH,n;piiicbKHii naTpiapxH. CB. CocppoH HanHcaB TO,ZJ;i JIIICTa, B SIKOMY SICHO BIIKJiaB qHcTy KaTOJIIIIJ;bKY Bipy H 3anepe"t!IIB MOHOTeJiiTCbKe cpaJiblliHBe B"tJeHHSI. Toro JIIICTa IIOCJiaB CB. CocppoH ITani 0Hopie:Bi ii Qapropo,n;cbKOMY naTpiapxoBi CepriE:Bi. ITi,n; BIIJIIIBOM CepriH ITana He BHCTYIIIIB To,n;i pirnyqe npoTH e:peci, TOMY iioMy 3aKH,ll;aJIH, Ha"tJe6To BiH cxHJIHBCH ,n;o e:peci.

ITepeKoHaBIIIIICb, m;o Maiime Bci cxi,n;Hi E:IIIICKOIIII He 3anepe"t!YJOTb MOHOTeJiiTCbKOi: e:peci, CB. CocppoH a ycie:ro peBHiCTlO rroqaB o6opoHSITH.rrpaB,n;HBY XpHCTOBY Bipy. O,n;Horo ,n;HH BiH 3aBiB cBoro E:IIIICKOIIa-rroMiqHIIKa, CTeiiaHa 3 ,[J;opil, Ha roJirocpTy' ,n;e

299

12 6epe3H51 3o6oB'R3aB ti:oro B iM'.H XpRcTa "rriTR ,ZJ;O Arro~OJihChKOi: CTOJIRII;i Ta ,li;OT11 TaM MOJI11Tl1C.H, ,li;OK11 Ti, ~0 rrpH BJia,ZJ;i, He OCY,ZJ;.HTI: epeci". CTerraH BR6paBc.H ,ZJ;o P11Ma, rrepe6yBaB TaM 10 niT, a.a< IIOKR IIarra MapTRH I CKJIRKaB 649 poKy JIRTepaHChKRti: Co6oJ: i OCY,ZJ;RB epecb O,li;HOBiJihii;iB. T11M -qacoM Ha IlaJieCTRHY HarraJIR capaii;RHR i rricJI.H ,ZJ;BoJiiTHhoi: o6nor11 3,ZJ;o6yJIR 638 poKy €pycaJIRM. CB. rraTpiap:x p0611B yce MO)KJIRBe, ~06 IIi,ZJ;TpHMaTR ,ZJ;YX CBOlX BipHHX, "llaCTC 3 He6e3rreKoro ,ZJ;JI.H cBoro mRTT.H. Ha Pi3,ZJ;BO, KOJIH rri,ZJ; MypaM11 MicTa CTO.HJIH capaii;HHR, cB. Co<l:JpoH BRronocRB Ha,ZJ;3BR"llati:wr rrporroBi,ZJ;h. KoJIR €pycaJIHM yrraB, BiH MyciB 3aJIHIIIHTH MicTo j CKOpo Bi,ZJ; CMYTKY IIOMep, Ma6yTh, B 0JieKcaH,ZJ;pil (638 p.) • .CB rraTpiapx CocppoH 3aJIHIIIHB HaM y crra,ZJ;~HHY mRTT€IIHC11 CB.HTRX, CHHO,ZJ;aJihHHti: JIRCT Ta pi3Hi rricHi. B O,ZJ;Hiti: 3i CBOlX IIpOIIOBi,ZJ;eti: BiH 3ra,ZJ;ye rrpo 3BH"llati: BHHOC11Tl1 B "llaC IIOCTY fOCIIO,ZJ;Hiti: xpeCT ,li;JI.H BIIIaHOByBaHH.H. 12 6epe3HH

CB.HTJIH TEO~l... H 0,ZJ;Hl1M 3 po,ZJ;R"lliB rpeii;hKoro iMrrepaTopa KoHcTaHTRHa KorrpoHiMa 6yB IcaaK, rrpe<l:JeKT Ereti:cbKRX ocTpoBiB. Xo"tJ iMrrepaTop 6yB epeTHKOM-iKoHo6opii;eM, Ta IcaaK 3i cBoero miHKOI<J Teo,ZJ;oTiero BeJIR rro6omHe rrpaBoBipHe mRTT.H. KoJIR Bor o6,ZJ;apyBaB i:x CHHOM, .HKHti: Hapo,ZJ;HBC.H Ha Boro.HBJieHH.H (rrorpeii;hKH Teo<PaHiR), BOHR Ha3BaJIH ti:oro Teo<l:JaHoM. lcaaK rroMep KOJI11 XJIOII"liHHi 6yJIO Tpl1 p0Kl1, Ha3Ha"lll1BIII11 OIIiKyHOM Cl1H8 caMoro iMrrepaTopa.

Teo<l:JaHOBRM BHXOBHHKOM CTaB O,ll;l1H 3 ti:oro yp.H,ZJ;HRKiB, rro6omHRti: "liOJIOBiK; .HKRti: y "liHCTiti: Bipi BRXOByBaB MaJioro. A XJIOIIeii;b yme Bi,ZJ; paHHhOl MOJIO,li;OCTi MaB HaXRJI ,li;O MOHaiiiOrO )KRTT.H. KoJIH Teo<PaH ,ZJ;iti:IIIoB ,ZJ;O rroBHOJiiTTR, BiH o,ZJ;pymRBC.H 3 lpRHoro, ,ZJ;O"l!Koro 6araToro ti: cnaBHoro ceHaTopa JleBa. B MOJIO,ZJ;oro rro6omHoro rro,ZJ;pymm.H He 6yno ,ZJ;iTeti:; HarreBHe, BOHH, 3a o6orriJihHOlO 3rO,ZJ;OIO, CKJiaJIH ITO IIIJII06i o6iT ,li;OCMepTHOl "liHCTOT11.

Y Maniti: A3il, B MicTi KR311II;i, 36yHTyBaBc.H -qepe3 rono,ZJ; Hapo,ZJ;. IMrrepaTop rrocJiaB TY,ZJ;R CB. Teo<PaHa 3 ,ZJ;opy"lleHH.HM IIOBepHyTR B MiCTi Jia,ZJ; i CIIOKiti:. fii,ZJ; "llaC IIO,ZJ;Opomi, B .HKiti: 6pana y-qacTh TaKom ti:oro ,ZJ;pymRHa lpRHa, 1M ,ZJ;OBeJioc.H i:xaTR <:~nn

12 6epe3HR pi'iKOIO PHH,ll;ruwc noB3 CHrpiRHChKi ropH, ,ll;e npo.iKHBaJio 6araTo nycTHHHHKiB. II.l;ot> HaTiiiiHTHCR no6o.iKHHM .iKHTTRM Bory ITOCBR'ieHHX My.iKiB, BOHH 'iaCTO npH'iaJIIOBaJIH 'iOBHOM ,!1;0 6epera i Bi,ll;Bi,ll;yBaJIH npH6epe.iKHi MOHaCTHpi. B O,ll;HOMY Micn;i no6a'iH! TO,ll;i cB. Teo4JaH OTO'ieHy JiicoM rycTy .D;e6py, RKa ,ll;y.iKe npnnaJia HOMY ,!1;0 ,ll;yiiii; aJie OCKiJibKH BiH MaB CITOBHHTH Ba.iKJIHBHH o6oB'R30K, TO He noceJIHBCR B Hi:H, a nonJIHB ,ll;aJii ,ll;O KH3HKH, ,ll;e CKOpO ITOBepHyB Jia,ll; i CITOKiH. Y BiJibHHH 'iaC BiH OXO'ie HIIIOB ,!1;0 CHrpiRHChKHX MOHaXiB Ha ,ll;OBri CITiJihHi MOJIHTBH; ,ll;e IT03HaHOMHBCR 3 no60.iKHHM ITYCTHHHHKOM rpnropieM CHHKeJIJIOM, nncapeM cB. naTpiapxa Tapaca, RKHH npe,!J;piK :HoMy, IIJ;O BiH CTaHe KOJIHCh MOHaXOM. IloBepHyBmHCh ,ll;O l(apropo,!J;a, cB. Teo4JaH nopo3yMiBcR 3 .iKiHKOIO, i BOHH o6oe BHpiiiiHJIH ITOKHHYTH CBiT Ta npoBeCTH peiiiTy CBOrO .iKHTTR B MOHaCTHpi. lpHHa BCTYITHJia ,!1;0 .iKiHO'iOrO 'iepHe'ioro ,ll;OMY B BiTHHil, a CB. Teo4JaH nimoB y aHanoMi Cnrpi.HHChKi ropH ,!1;0 CBoro npH.HTeJI.H o. rpnropi.H, ,ll;e ITOCTpHrCR B 'ieHD;i i 36Y,ll;YBaB MOHaCTHp y MiCD;eBOCTi IloJiiXpOHiOH. 3rO,ll;OM BiH npo,!J;aB cBoe ceJio, 36y,ll;yBaBIIIH TaM, Ha ocTpoBi KaJioHiMi, ,!J;pyrH:H: MOHaCTHp. HeB,ll;OB3i TY,ll;H BCTYITHJIO 6araTo MOHaxiB. Bn6paBIIIH po3yMHoro :H: no6o.iKHoro iryMeHa, Bill" pa3oM 3 yciMa 6paTaMH Bi,ll;,ll;aBCR ITi,ll; HOrO ,ll;YXOBHHH npoBi,ll;, i CBOl ,ll;Hi npOBO.D;HB y MOJIHTBi, noKaRHHHX ,ll;iJiax, nepenncyiO'iH CB. KHHrH. KoJIH niCJIR CMepTi iryMeHa MOHaXH XOTiJIH BH6paTH HOrO CBOIM HaCTORTeJieM, BiH He 3aXOTiB Tie'i 'ieCTi i BepHyBCR Ha3a,ll; y CHrpiRHChKi ropH. Ta :H TaM He.D;oBro 6yB BiH caMiTHHn; :Horo IT060.iKHiCTb i ,!J;ap TBOpHTH qy,ll;eCa ITO'iaJIH npHT.HryBaTH ,!1;0 HhOrO JIIO,ll;eH, TOMY BiH 36y,ll;yBaB lM HOBJIH MOHaCTHp, Ha3BaHHH niaHiiiie "BeJIHKe ceJio", .D;e B.iKe cTaB iryMeHoM. Y 78 7 pon;i cB. Teo4JaH 6yB 3anpoiiieHHH Ha VII BceJieHChKHH Co6op y HiKe'i, m;o cxBaJIHB BIIIaHoByBaHHR cB. o6pa3iB; nicJIR 'iOrO ITO'iaJIH BHCTaBJIRTJI CB. iKOHJI ITO n;epKBaX, ,ll;OMaX, Ha npHJIIO,ll;HHX nJiom;ax.

KoJIH iMnepaTopoM CTaB JleB BipMeHHH, TO 3HOBy no'iaJiac.H 6opOTh6a npOTJI BIIIaHOByBaHHR CB. o6pa3iB. IloBa.iKaiO'iH CB. Teo4JaHa, iMnepaTop cTapaBCR 3aJIY'iHTH ,11;0 n;ie'i cnpaBH i :Horo. Ane CBRTHH 6yB ,ll;aJieKHH Bi,ll; Taro, m;o6 3JIOBHTHCR Ha u;apChKY JiacKy. BiH .D;06poBiJihHO Bi,ll;piKcR CBiTy Ta :H:oro 6Jiar, .iKHB TiJihKJI XJii60M i BO,ll;OIO, CITaB Ha ITJieTiHD;i, a 3aMiCTh no.D;yiiiKH MaB KaMiHh. KpiM Toro, Bi.D; 50 poKy .iKHTTR :H:oMy .D;OKY'iaJIH pi,;mi XBOp06H 3 TOrO My.iKa 3aJIHIIIHJiaCR TiJihKH O,ll;Ha TiHh. TaKiH JIIO.D;HHi BCi CKap6H CBiTy 6yJIH Hi'iHM. 0.D;HOrO pa3y nocJiaB :HoMy iMnepaTop TaKoro JIHCTa: "TBi:H: Jiari,ll;HHH i

301

12 6epe3Hfl

ni,n;,n;aTJIHBHM xapaKTep ,n;a€ MeHi Ha,n;iiO, ~0 TH IIi,n;TpHM8,€ MeHe y :u;iii: cnpaBi. IJ;e ,n;yme npocTa ,n;opora,• ~o6 3,n;o6yTH co MOJO JiaCKY pa30M 3 "tJHCJieHHHMH 6araTCTBaMH M IIO"<JeCTHMH ,ll;J MOHaCTHpH i pO,ll;HHli. AJie HKID;O TH Bi,ll;MOBHIIICH BHKOHaTH Ml 6amaHHH, TO BHKJIH"<Ieiii Ha ce6e MO€ HaJi:6iJihiiie HeB,ll;OBOJieHI Ta crrpH"<IHHHIII 6i,n;y ii: He~acTH co6i ii: cBo'iM rrpHHTeJIHM". O,n;m CBHTHM He ,n;aB 3BeCTH ce6e Hi o6i:u;HHKaMH, Hi rrorpo3aMH. B TaR Bi,ll;IIOBiB iMIIepaTopoBi: "By,n;ytiH B JiiTaX i Ha,ll;3BH"<Jaii:I 3JiaMaHHM HeMi"tJ"tJIO CBOrO TiJia, H THM 6iJihiiie He MaiO yrro,n; 6aHHH B THX pe"<JaX, HKHMH H ,ll;JIH XpHCTa IIOrOp,ll;HB y CBO' MOJio,n;ocTi. A ~o,n;o Mo'ix MOHaCTHpiB i rrpHHTeJiiB, TO H ,n;opyt~a 'ix Bory. HK~o TH ,n;yMaem ,n;oBeCTH MeHe ,n;o noKopH TBO'iN rrorpo3aMH, HK ,ll;HTHHY - rrpyTOM, TO IIIKO,ll;a TBO€l rrpa:u;i. I XO"<J H i He MOmy XO,ll;HTH M MeHi ,ll;OIIIKYJIHIOTh 6araTO XBOpi6, ~ H MaiO B XpHcTi Ha,n;iro, ~o BiH 3po6HTh MeHe 3,n;aTHHM B o6opo: Ji:oro CIIpaBH rrepeTeprriTH i HaMCTpaiiiHiiiii MYKH, HKi TH Mir ( 3aB,n;aTH MO€MY CJia60CHJIOMY TiJIOBi".

O,n;epmaBIIIH TaKy Bi,n;rroBi,n;h, iMrrepaTop rrocJiaB cBo'ix JIIO,n;E ,ll;HCKyTyBaTH 3i CB. TeocpaHOM Ta rrepeKOHaTH MOrO BHKOHa'l iMrrepaTOpCbKe 6amaHHH, aJie BOHH He MaJIH M HaMMeHIIIOl ycrrixy. To,n;i iMrrepaTop 3BeJiiB ,n;aTH CBHTOMY 300 6H"<IiB 3aMKHy'l'H Ha ,ll;Ba pOKH ,ll;O TiCHOl B 'H3HHIJ;i, ,n;e BiH IIOM.HpaB roJio,n;y ii: 3aHerra.,n;aB ~opa3 ripme 3,n;opoB'HM. Horo MOHacTHP BeJIHKOMY ceJii iMrrepaTop HaKa3aB 3pyii:HyBaTH, a MoHax: rropo3raHHTH. ITo ,n;BoJiiTHiii: B' H3HH:u;i rrpaBHTeJih 3acJiaB ii:m Ha ocTpiB CaMoTpa:u;hKHii, ,n;e BiH rricJIH 17 ,n;HiB Bi,n;,n;aB BOI cBoro rrpaBe,n;Hy ,n;ymy 81 7 poKy. TiJio CBHToro rroxoBaJIH ,n;epeB' HHiM ,ll;OMOBHHi, IIpH HKiM "<~Y,n;eCHO BH,n;ymyBaJIH XBOp IIicJIH cMepTi JleBa BipMeHHHa rrocxo,n;HJIHCH ,n;aBHi y-qHi TeocpaH, Bi,n;6y,n;yBaJIH BeJIHKe ceJio i rrepeHeCJIH Mo~i CBHToro r.

MOHaCTHPChKO'i :u;epKBH, ,n;e 'ix Bor npocJiaBHB "<IHCJieHHHM "<Iy,n;aMH. CB. TeocpaH 3aJIHIIIHB HaM XpoHiKy, KopoTKY icTopiro rro,n;aHHHM roJIOBHHX no,n;iii: Bi,n; 284 ,n;o 813 poKiB. XpoHiKy :.

284 poKy HaiiHCaB ii:oro npHHTeJih rpHropiii: C.HHKeJIJI. 12 6epe3H.II

CBHTHH rPHrOPIH ,[(BO€CJIOB O,n;HHM 3 HaM:6iJihiiiHX XpHCTOBI:IX HaMiCHHKiB 6yB CB. rpl ropiii: BeJIHKHM, a6o ,ll;BoecJioB - rrepmHii: IIarra-MoHax. ~()?

12 6epe3HSl

Hapo,n;HBCH BiH npH6JIH3HO 540 poKy B MicTi PHMi ii noxo,n;HB 3i cJiaBHo1 po,n;HHH pHMCbKHX naTpm:.~;ilB AHHI.J;ilB, Bi,LJ;OMHX xpHCTHHHChKOIO no6omHicTIO. llanH AranHT i <l>eJiiKc II noxo,n;HJIH 3 Tiel ciM'l. BaTbKO rpHropiH, ceHaTop :r'op,.u;iHH, MaB ,.u;iM y PHMi ii nociJiocTi Ha CHI.J;HJiiL Horo MaTH cB. CHJihBiH nic.Jm CMepTi 'tiOJIOBiKa IIOCeJIHJiaCH II06JIH3Y 6a3HJiiKH CB. IlaBJia Ta BeJia cyBope mHTTH THxo1 no6omHo1 'tlepHHu;i. TaK m.HJIH i 11 cecTpH, CB. TapcHJIJia H CB. EMiJiiHHa. ToMy rpHropiii 3 ,LJ;HTHHCTBa 3BHK ,LJ;O II060mHOrO mHTTH. XJion'H'lli JiiTa CBHToro npHnaJIH Ha 'llac 3aTHmHo1 BiHHH iMnepaTopa IOcTHHiaHa 3 ocTpo:r'oTaMH aa BJia,.u;y B lTaJiiL Ili,.u; 'tlac o6JiorH PHMa HaBiTh Haii6araTIIIi pHMJIHHH 1JIH TpaBy, a y MiCTi 3aJIHIIIaJIOCH TiJibKH 500 ,LJ;yill. Ilpo PHM THX 'tlaciB HaiiHCaB CB. rpHropiif 3rO,LJ;OM TaKi CJIOBa: "MH 6a'tiHJIH, lll;O CTaJIOCH 3 THM MiCTOM, HKe KOJIHCb 6yJio naHOM cBiTy. Horo pyiiHyBaJIH BCi, BOHO HaTepniJIOCH Bi,LJ; 6e3MipHHX i pi3HOMaHiTHHX Heru;aCTb •..

BciO,n;H py1HH, py1HH ... ;z:J:e ceHaT? ;z:J:e Hapo,.u;? HaM, m;o aaJIHIIIHJIHCH, KomHoro ,n;HH 3arpomye Me'tl i He3Jii'lleHHi Heru;acTSI ... PHM y BOrHi".

O,.u;epmaBIIIH HaiiJiiiiiiiY ocBiTy, HKa JIHIIIe 6yJia MomJIHBa, MOJIO,LJ;HH rpHropiii CIIO'tlaTKY npai.J;IOBaB MiChKHM ypH,LJ;HHKOM. KoJIH 568 poKy JIOM6ap,.u;H aaiiHHJIH TenepiiiiHIO 'JlePHTopiiO lTaJiil, a TpboMa poKaMH ni3Hillle ni,.u;cTyiiHJIH ni,.u; PHM, MOJIO,LJ;Hii IIaTpHI.J;iH rpHropiif, HaHBHIIl;HH ypH,LJ;HHK y MiCTi- npe<t>eKTy TOR TpHBOmHHH 'tlaC BHSIBHB BeJIHKy My,n;piCTb H pilllyqiCTb y CB01 HeiiOBHi 30 JiiT. Ha TiH IIOCa,n;i CB. rpHropiif 3,D;06yB co6i IIOBary pHMJIHH i HaB'tiHBCH IIOJiaro,.u;myBaTH 6y,LJ;b-HKi CIIpaBH, m;o ,.u;yme npHro,n;HJIOCH B iioro no,n;aJihiiiOMY mHTTi. BiH roBopHB 3ro,.u;oM: ".HKm;o Ha cBiTCbKHX noca,.u;ax ,.u;oTpHMYIOTbCH Jia,.u;y ii IIOCTiHHOl ,LJ;HCI.J;HIIJiiHH, TO HK MOmHa CTepiiiTH 3aMilllaHHSI, He,n;6aJibCTBO ii napTai.J;TBO B u;epKOBHHx cnpasax?"

Ta XO'tl rpHropiif ,LJ;OCKOHaJIO BHKOHyBaB CBOl 060B'H3KH, BiH Bi,n;'tlyBaB y cBolii ,n;yllli Tyry aa BHIIl;HM mHTTHM, m;o 6yJio 6 nocBH'lleHe caMoMy BoroBi. BiH 6yB o,n;HHM 3 Haii6araTIIIHX JIIO,n;eii y PHMi, Mir o,.u;pymHTHCH 3 HaiiKpam;oiO pHMJIHHKOIO Ta mHTH B p03KOIIIaX i ,D;OCTaTKaX; aJie BiH Bi,n;piKCH BCbOrO, 36y,n;yBaB 3a CBOl rpollli llliCTb MOHaCTHpiB Ha CHI.J;HJii'i, BJiaCHHH 6y,n;HHOK y PHMi nepeTBOpHB Ha 'tlepHe'tiHH ,.u;iM cB. AH,.u;piH i rrepe,.u;aB iioro B ynpaBy MOHaxOBi BaJieHTieBi, m;o 6yB, HK Ka3aB caM rpHropili, "HaCTOHTeJieM Moro MOHaCTHPSI ii MeHe caMoro". Ti KiJihKa JiiT, SIKi BiH IIpOBiB TaM y Bi,LJ;OKpeMJieHHi Bi,.u; CBiTy, 6yJIH Halim;aCJIHBiIIIHMH B HOrO m.HTTi.

•

303

12 6epe3H51

0AHaK .JIIOAHHi TB.KOrO TBJHUITY He Aa.JIH A,.OBrO p~iTH ~aCT.H: MOHarnoro .mHTTH; XpHCTOBHH HaMiCHHK, Ma6yTh, BeHeAHKT : BHCB.HTHB HOrO AH.HKOHOM pHMCbK01 n;epKBH, .HKHH B OAHOMy ceMH oKpyriB PHMa oniKyBaBc.H B6orHMH. IIarra Ile.Jiari:H: II, .HKH oTaB XpHCTOBHM HaMicHHKOM y TpHBo.mHHH "'lac HacTyrr .JIOM6apAiB, nomecTi i noBeHi y Bi"'IHOMY MicTi, aHaiO"liH 3Ai6Hoc~ fpHropi.H, nOC.JiaB HOrO .HK CBOrO IIOCTiHHOrO .JiefaTa AO I..J;apropO,ll rrpocHTH B iMnepaTopa BiHChKa A.JIH o6opoHH PHMa. IIHIIIHHH i 6araTHH I..J;apropoA 6yB Be.JIHKOIO npoTH.Jie.mHiCTJ TOAiiiiHbOMY 3HH~eHOMY PHMOBi i Bpa3HB CB. fpHropi.a:; T ocKi.JihKH BiH He aHaB rpen;bKo1 MOBH i :H:oMy He noAo6a.JIHC ABipcbKi nop.HAKH, n.JiiTKH :H: 3BH"llai:, To BiH i Ki.JihKa MOHaxiB MOHaCTHPH cB. AHApi.a:, .a:Ki npH1xa.JIH a HHM, rrpoBaAH.JIH p03KiiiiHOMY MiCTi MOHaiiie )KHTT.H. Y I..J;apropOAi CB. fpHropi rroaHa:H:oMHBC.H ai cB. JliaHAPOM a CeBi.Jii, .HKHH cTaB :H:oro ~HpH: npH.HTe.JieM. 3a HOrO nop~OlO fpHropiH nO"llaB nHCaTH nO.HCHeHH AO KHHrH loBa, HKY AOKiH<IHB y PHMi. BoHa BiAOMa ni,n; Ha3BOJ "Mopa.JibHa". 3 u;apropoAChKHM naTpiapxoM y fpHropi.a: 6y.JI Hanpy.meHi BaaeMHHH, 6o TOH MaB epeTHI.J;hKHH rror.JIHA H BOCKpeciHH.H Ti.Jia. CB. fpHropi:H: AOBOAHB :H:oMy, ~o Hami TiJJ no cMe_pTi 6YAYTh noAi6Hi AO XpHCTOBoro, a.Jie naTpiap 3a.JIHIIIRBC.H npH CB01H AYMI.J;i; a.m nepeA CMepTIO BiApiKC.H Bi cBo1x <l:>a.JihiiiHBHX nor.JI.HAiB, cKaaaBrnH: "Bipy10 :H: BH3HaiO, III .H KO.JIHCh BOCKpecHy B TOMY CaMOMY Ti.Jii!" Ko.JIH IIana Ile.Jiari:H: BiAK.JIHKaB cB. fpHropi.a: ,n;o PHMa, Bi BiApaay BepHyBc.a: AO cBoro ymo6.JieHoro MOHaCTHPH CB. AHAPiJ: Ae BiH CTaB HeBAOB3i HaCTO.HTe.JieM. 3i CB. fpHropieM nOB' .H3aHa TaK 3BaHa "rpHropi.HHKa", T06T 30 C.Jiy.m6 Bo.mHx, .a:Ki BiAnpaB.JI.HIOTh 30 AHiB niAPHA aa AYIII OAHOrO noKiHHHKa. A iCTOpi.H 11 BHHHKHeHH.H TaKa: OAHH MOHa Ha iM'.H IOCT npH3HaBC.H Ha CMepTHiH nOCTe.Jii, ~0 BiH noTaHK CXOBaB TpH 30.JIOTi KOpOHH; a OCKi.JihKH n;e 6y.JIO rropyrneHH.H: o6iTy B6o.meCTBa, iryMeH aa6opOHHB iHIIIHM MOHaXaM BiABiAYBaT HeAy.moro. IIic.JI.a: cMepTi IOcTa cKaaaB HaCTO.HTe.Jib rroxoBaT HOrO noaa MOHaiiiHM K.JiaAOBH~eM i THX TpH 30.JIOTHX KHHYTH HHM y rpi6. Ta ocKi.JihKH MOHax IOcT nepeA cMepTIO rroKa.HBC.f TO iryMeH CKa3aB BiAnpaBHTH 3a Bi'IHHH cnoKiH HOrO AYIIIi 3 C.Jiy.m6 Bo.mHx, .a:Ki BiArrpaBJJ.H.JIH 6eanepepBHO, AeHb aa AHeN CaM CB. fpHropi:H: aacBiA"liHB noTiM, ~o no Bi,n;npaBi THX C.Jiy.m Bo.mHx AYIIIa noKi:H:Horo IOcTa a' .HBH.Jiac.a: :H:oro 6pa TOBi nOBiAOMH.Jia, ~0 BOHa 6y.Jia y "'IHC'l'H.JIH~i, a.Jie nic.JI.H BiAnpa C.Jiy.m6 Bo.mHx :H:oro noKyTa cKiH<IH.Jiac.a:, i BiH Tenep y.m BTiiiiaETbC.H He6eCHOIO C.JiaBOlO.

304

12 6epe3HSI

Komr Bi.n; nomecTi 590 poKy noMep IIana IleJiar'i:il: II, pHMJIJIHH O,li;HOrOJIOCHO BH6paJIH HOBHM Ilanoro CB. rpnropiJI. II.l;o6 CTpHMaTH CTpalliHe . .iKHHBO HHIIJ;iBHOl IIOilieCTi, CB. rpHropiH npoBiB y PHMi BeJIHKHH 6JiaraJihHHH noxi.n; BYJIHI~JIMH MicTa. 3 ciMox ~epKOB BHPYiliHJIO ciM KOJIOH mo.n;e:H, m;o 3iHiliJIHCJI ~ ~epKBi CB. Mapil Ma.n;.miope. IIoxi.n; no'lJ:aBcJI B cepe.n;y i TPHBaB TPH .n;Hi. KoJIH npo~eciJI :il:mJia BYJIH~JIMH 3i cniBOM "rocno.n;n, noMHJiy:il:", JIIO,D;H .n;opororo na.n;aJIH, cKomeHi nomecTIO. AJie CB. rpHropi:il: .n;aJii nponoBi.n;yBaB, .n;o.n;aBaB Hapo.n;oBi .n;yxy H 3aKJIHKaB ,li;O IIOCTiHHOCTi B MOJIHTBi. Bor HaropO,D;HB Bipy JIIO,D;eH Ta HOrO npoBi,D;HHKa - IIOilieCTh Bi,D;CTYIIHJia. ~epe3 JII060B ,li;O MOHamoro .iKHTTJI CB. rpHropiH He XOTiB 6yTH IIanoro. ToMy HanHcaB y ~ill: cnpaBi JIHCTa .n;o iMnepaTopa, B JIKOMY npocHB He cxBaJIIOBaTH :il:oro BH6opy Ha IIany. O.n;HaK npHJITeJii 3po6HJIH 30BciM iHaKme :H npocHJIH npaBHTeJIJI TIOTBep.n;HTH BH6ip, m;o BiH i 3p06HB. HeB,D;OBOJieHHH CB. rpHropi:H xoTiB BH1xaTH 3 PnMa, aJie JIIO,D;H, .n;oBi.n;aBiliHCh npo ~e, 3aBeJIH CBJIToro .n;o ~epKBH cB. IleTpa, .n;e E:IIHCKOIIH BHCBJITHJIH :il:oro Ha IIany 3 BepecHJI 590 poKy. rpHropiH HaTIHCaB KHH.iKKY ")J;ymnaCTHpChKe npaBHJIO" npo 'lJ:HH E:IIHCKOIIa; B JIKiH IIOJICHHB, IIJ;O BJia,D;HKa IIOBHHeH 6yTH rOJIOBHHM JiiKapeM ,D;Yili i 3aHMaTHCJI nepe.n;yciM:'.hpOIIOBi,D;yBaHHJIM Bo.moro cJioBa, ,D;HC~HIIJiiHoiO i nop.H,D;KOM cepe.n; cBoi:x ni.n;oni'lJ:HHX. KHH.iKKa MaJia Ha,D;3BH'lJ:aHHHH ycnix; ii 6yJio nepeKJia.n;eHo pi3HHMH MoBaMH. BoRa cTaJia opieHTHpeM y npa~i E:TIHCKOIIiB Ta npaBHTeJiiB. I.n;eaJIH CB. rpHropiJI CTaJIH i.n;eaJiaMH 3aXi,D;HOrO ,D;YXOBeHCTBa; BOHH BHXOByBaJIH E:IIHCKOIIiB, a E:IIHCKOTIH - HOBiTHi Ha~il.

CBoiO po6oTy no'lJ:aB HOBHH IIana 6opoTh6oro 3i 3JIOB.iKHBaHHJIMH B CBOE:MY OTOtJeHHi. rop.n;oro H He'lJ:eCHOrO pHMChKOrO apxi.n;HJIKOHa JlaBpeHTiJI npHJIIO.D;HO ycyHyB 3 noca.n;H; 3a6opoHHB ,D;HJIKOHaM cniBaTH Ha CJ1y.m6i Bo.mi:H, m;o6 'ix He BH6HpaJIH 3a Kpacy rOJIOCy, TiJihKH 3a tJeCHOTH; CKaCyBaB pi3Hi OIIJiaTH 3a .n;yxoBHi nocJtyrH; .n;o3BOJIHB nocJtyroByBaTH IIani TiJihKH .n;yxoBHHM oco6aM. Oco6HcTo BHroJiomyBaB no pHMChKHX ~epKBax nponoBi.n;i.

YpJI,D;HHKH, JIKi ynpaBJIJIJIH nanchKHM .n;o6poM, MaJIH .n;opYtJeHHJI Bi.n; IIanH noBO,D;HTHCJI Jiari.n;Ho 3 yciMa po6iTHHKaMH, a B pa3i Hem;acHHX BHna.n;KiB - .n;aBaTH 1M .n;onoMory. Bi.n; JIOHr'o6ap.n;iB BHKYIIJIJIB noJioHeHHX. KoJIH roJio.n; 3arpo.myBaB BitJHOMY MicToBi, TO Ka3aB HanoBHHTH MiChKi KOMopn 36i.m.mJIM, m;o6 p03,D;aBaTH naHKH IIOTpe6yiOtJHM. 3 IIOtJYTTJI BeJIHKOl CIIpaBe,D;JIHBOCTi He ,li;03BOJIJIB nepecJii,D;yBaTH iy.n;eiB a6o IIpHMylliyBaTH

305

12 6epe3HSI

IX rrpMHMaTM XpMCTOBY Bipy. KoJIM iy,n;ei 3 Cap,n;MHil rrocKapml JIMC.H Ilarri Ha O,ll;HOrO eBpe.H-XpMCTM.HHMHa, .Hl\JIH B CMHaro3i XOT. rroMiCTMTM xpecT :ii o6pa3 IlpecB.HTOI Boropo,n;M:o;i, Ilarra 3BeJiiB HaJiemHoiO rrornaHoiO rrepeHeCTM Toro xpecTa H iKoHy B iHII Mic:o;e, a B CMHaro3i ,ll;03BOJIMB iy,n;e.HM Bi,n;,n;aBaTM "'eCTb Bory 3ri,n;F 3i CBOIMM 3BM"'a.HMM. KoJIM 593 poKy rri,n; MypaMM PnMa 3'.HBMJiac.H apMi.H ,n;MKll Hai3HMKiB JIOH:r'o6ap,n;iB, a iMIIepaTOp He Ha,ll;CMJiaB Hi.HK4 ,ll;OIIOMOrM ,ll;JI.H 3aXMCTy MiCTa, Ilarra B3.HB Ha ce6e 060B'.H3C opraHi3yBaTM o6opoHy PMMa :ii iHIIIHx MicT. BiH oco6Mc'l 3YCTpiBc.H 3 KopoJieM JIOH:r'o6ap,n;iB; CBOIM aBTOPMTeToM 'l o6i:o;.HHKOIO pi"'HOI ,n;aHMHH 3MYCMB :iioro Bi,n;cTyrrMTM 3-rri.n; PMM: 3aJIMIIIMTM :iioro B crroKoiO. 3ro,n;oM Ilarra ,n;eB' .HTh poKi CIIOHyKyBaB Bi3aHTiHCbKOrO iMrrepaTopa IIOJia,n;HaTM CIIpaBy JIOH:r'o6ap,n;aMM; KOJIM m Ti 3axo.n;n He rrpMHeCJIM 6amaHoro ycrrix: CB. rpMropiH 3a ,ll;OIIOMOrOIO Teo,n;oJiiH,n;M, BipyiO"'OI ,n;pymMH JIOH:r'o6ap,n;chKoro KopoJI.H AriJiympa, yKJiaB 3 HHM rrepeMMp' ,n;JI.H 6e3rreKM PMMa :ii OKOJIM:o;i.

3 IcrraHieiO rpMropiH rri,n;TpMMyBaB IIOCTiHHi 3B '.H3KM l:lepE cB. JiiaH,n;pa. B AcppM:o;i rrpMl:IMHMBC.H .n;o BMKopiHeHH.H epeci BCTaHOBJieHH.H :o;epKOBHOI KapHOCTi. Y <lJpaHD;il, JIMCTYIO"'MCb KOpOJieM, l.JMJI,n;e6epTOM i TaMTeiiiHiMH €:IIMCKOIIaMM, CTapaBC ycyHyTM pi3Hi Ha,n;ymHTT.H, a rOJIOBHO CB.HTOKYIICTBO rrpM3Hal:lyBaHH.H CBiTCbKMX JIIO,n;e:ii Ha :o;epKOBHi rroca,n;M. BeJIMKO: pa,n;icTIO ,ll;JI.H CB. rpMropi.H 6yJio HaBepHeHH.H AHrJiil. KoJIM .n IlaiiM ,n;iHIIIJia BiCTKa, ID;O aHrJiiH:o;i 6amaiOTb rrpHHH.HTM XpMCTI .HHCTBO, BiH BMKYIIMB KiJihKa IOHaKiB-HeBiJibHMKiB aHrJiiHCbKOI rroxo.n;meHH.H, BHXOBaB IX y MOHaCTMpi Ha BomMx cJiyr i 3ro.n;o rrocJiaB .n;o pi,n;Horo KpaiO rrporroBi,n;yBaTH xpncTH.HHCTBO. AJJ roJioBHMM y :o;i:ii crrpaBi 6yJio Te, rn;o 596 poKy B AHrJiiiO 6yJJ IIOCJiaHO 40 MiCiOHepiB 3-IIOMim l:leHD;iB MOHaCTMp.H CB. AH,n;pi B PMMi, .HKi 3a rrpoBo,n;oM cB. AB:r'ycTMHa, iryMeHa Toro MOHacn p.H, po3IIO"'amf Micill:Hy rrpa:o;IO B AHrJiil i HaBepHyJIH .n;o XpncTc BOI BipM KOpOJI.H ETeJI6epTa Ta 6araTO TMC.Hl:l aHrJiiHD;iB. ll rraM'.HTae B,n;H"'HMH Hapo.n;. IcTopMK aHrJiiHChKOI IJ;epKBM, 6JiamE HHMH Bi.n;, HarrncaB: "rpMropiti: e arrocToJIOM ,n;JI.H Hac; rrel:laTTJ HOrO aiiOCTOJibCTBa MM e B rocrro,n;i".

Ilarra rpMropiH MaB BeCb "laC HeiipMeMHi Bi,ll;HOCMHH 3 IJ;aprc po,n;oM, .HKrn;o He 3 iMrrepaTopoM, TO 3 rraTpiapxoM, a l:lacT BO,ll;HOl:laC 3 060Ma. ,Zl;o iMrrepaTOpa 3BepTaBC.H 3 MeTOlO 3aXMCT iTaJiiHCbKOrO Hapo,n;y rrepe,n; HecrrpaBe,n;JIMBMMM yp.H,ll;HHKaMH, .HI< CBOIMM IIpMMYCOBMMM ,n;i.HMM ,ll;OBO,ll;MJIM Hapo,n; ,ll;O p03IIYKF. ::~on

12 6epe3HH

o6rOBOplOBaB 3 HH:M crrpaBy iMrrepaTOpCbKOl 3a6opOHH: BCTyrraTH: BO.HKaM ,n;o MOHa.CTH:p.H. IJ;apropo,n;chKOMY rraTpiapxoBi IBaHy IIocHHKOBi MYCHB Hara,n;aTH rrpo Te, m;o BiH caM03BaHHO rro~IaB Ha3H:BaTH: ce6e eKyMeHi'IHH:M, T06TO BCeJieHCbKH:M IIaTpiapX&M, Haqe 6 BiH 6yB roJIOBOlO Bcie'i XprrcToBo'i IJ;epKBH:. CaM IIarra rprrropiii: IIO"'IaB Ha3H:BaTH: ce6e "cJiyrolO CJiyr BmKMX"' i 3 Taro -qacy XprrcToBi HaMiCHMKM ii: ,n;oci TaR ce6e rroKipHo Ha3MBalOTb. AJie KOJIH: Cl>oKa opraHi3yBaB JKaxJIMBY 3MOBy: B6MB iMrrepaTopa MaBpMKi.H ii: ycro ii:oro po,n;rrHy, rrporoJIOCMBIIIH ce6e iMrrepaTopoM, IIarra ,n;JI.H crroKOlO ii: ,n;o6pa Hapo,n;y, He ocy,n;MB iioro.

CB. rprrropiii: BIIOp.H,n;KyBaB u;epKOBHe pMMCbKe 6orocJiyJKiHH.H, CKJiaB KiJibKa u;epKOBHMX CJiaBHiB, IIMCaB u;epKOBHY MY3MKY H 3aCHyBaB pH:MCbKY IIIKOJIY CIIiBaKiB. :fioro BIIIaHOBYlOTb .HK Y"<~MTeJI.H IJ;epKBH, .HKH:ii rrorryJI.HpH3yBaB TBOpH: cB. ABrycTMHa, i 3'.HCyBaB ,n;e.HKi peJiiriHHi rrpaB,ll;M, .HKi He 6yJIH: ,n;o6pe BMB"'IeHi. Y 593 pou;i CB. rprrropiii: BM,ll;aB CBOIO KHH:JKKY ",1J;iaJIOrH:", B .HKiH y qJOpMi p03MOBM ,ll;BOX oci6 OIIOBiB 6araTO IJ;iKaBH:X icTopii1: rrpo pi3Hi -qy,n;a, IIpOpOIJ;TBa H BM,ll;iHH.H, 3aiiMCaHi Bi,n; CaMMX O"'IeBH:,ll;IJ;iB. IJ;e KHMra rrpo II060JKHMX pMMJI.HH, ID;O CTapaJIH:C.H 3,n;o6yTM CB.HTiCTb. B rrepio,n; cepe,n;HhOBi"'I"'I.H ",Il;iaJiorrr" 6yJIM Haii6iJiblll IIOIIYJI.HpHOIO KHMJKKOIO. Bi,n; TOro TBOpy CB. rpH:ropi.H ~ Ha3BaJIM )J;BoeCJIOB. Ma6yTh, roJIOBHOIO 3acJiyrolO CB.HToro 6yJio 3Miu;HeHH.H cTaHoBrrm;a ArrocTOJibCbKO'i CTOJIMIJ;i. AHrJiieu;h MiJIMaH TaR HaiiH:CaB y CBOlH "lCTOpii: JiaTH:HCbKOrO XpMCTM.HHCTBa": ".flKMM 3aMiiiiaHH.HM, 6earrpaBHiCTlO ii: xaocoM 6yJio 6 cepe,n;HhOBi'I"'I.H 6ea cepe,n;HhOBi"'IHoro rrarrcTBa; a crrpaBJKHiM 6aTbKOM cepe,n;HhOBi"'IHoro rraiiCTBa e rpHropiii: BeJIMKMii". ToMy He6earri,n;qaBHO BBiHIIIOB u;eii: IIarra B iCTOpilO IJ;epKBM .HK CB. rpH:ropiii: BeJIMKMH i Y"'IMTeJib IJ;epKBM. CB.HTMii 6yB IIarro10 13 JiiT. Yrrpo,n;oBJK Taro -qacy BiH apo6rrB TaR 6araTO, ID;O 3aMaJIO 6yJIO 6 i ,ll;OBrOrO JKMTT.H, ID;06 OC.HrHyTM u;e. )J;M.HKOH IleTpO 3aCBi,n;qyBaB, ID;O CB. rprrropiii: HiKOJIM He Bi,ll;IIO"'IH:BaB, He IIIKO,ll;yBaB ce6e, XO'I 6araTO TeprriB Bi,n; xpoHi"'IHOl He,n;yrrr IIIJIYHKa ii: Hir. CoHu;e iioro JKMTT .H XMJIH:JIOC.H ,n;o aaxo,n;y, a BiH ,ll;MKTyBaB CBOl JIMCTH: H IIMJibHyBaB CIIpaBy CB. IJ;epKBM aJK ,n;o ,ll;H.H 12 6epe3H.H 604 poKy, KOJIH: Bi,n;,n;aB BoroBi CBOIO rrpaBe,n;Hy ,n;yiiiy. "Yaro,n;MBIIIM BCi CBOl ,n;iJia 3i CBOlM HaB'!aHH.HM, BeJIMKMH BoJKH:ii: KOHcy JI rriiiiOB yTiiiiaTMC.H Bi"'IHMM m;acT.HM", - aacBi,n;"<~ye HaiiMC Ha iioro Harpo6Ky. IIoxoBaJIH: CB. rprrropi.H BeJIMKOro B 6a3MJiiiJ;i CB. IleTpa •

•

307

13-14 6epe3Hs:l

llEPEHECEHHH MOIIJ;E:A: CB. HHKH«<lOPA

•

CB. HHKH<lJop, IJ;apropo,n;chKHH naTpiapx, noMep 2 qepBHSI ~28 poKy Ha OCTpOBi ilpOKOHiC, KY,D;H 3aCJiaB iforo 815 pOKY JleB BipMeHHH, SIImi1: 6opoBCSI 3 BIIIaHyBaHHSIM cB. o6pa3iB. Mo~i ~B. HHKH<lJopa CIIOlJHBaJIH TaM y MOHaCTHpChKiH IJ,epKBi CB. reo,n;opa, SIKY BiH CaM 36Y,D;YBaB. l!epe3 19 pOKiB, KOJIH ,n;epmaBOIO y-npaBJISIJia Teo,n;opa 3i CBOIM MaJioJiiTHiM CHHOM Mnxai1:JIOM, JaTpiapx CB. MeTo,n;ii1:, npn6yBIIIH Ha ocTpiB IIpoKoHic, 3acTaB VIo~i CB. HnKn<lJopa HeTJiiHHHMH. IIicJISI rapSI'IHX MOJIHTOB lepeKJiaJIH CB. MO~i ,li;O HOBOl ,li;OMOBHHH, SIKY npHCJiaJia IJ,apHI.I,SI, l Kopa6eJieM nepeBe3JIH ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a.

KoJIH Kopa6eJih 3i CB. Mo~aMH npn6yB ,n;o IJ;apropo,n;a, i:M 'la3yCTpiq BHHIIIJIH IJ,apHIJ,SI 3 CHHOM i BCe MiCTO. 3 KOpa6JISI lepeHeCJIH CB. MO~i ,li;O IJ,epKBH CB. Co<lJi'i, 3 SIKOl KOJIHCh nporHaIIH CB. HHKH<lJOpa Ha 3aCJiaHHSI; TaM ,n;oporoiJ,iHHHH CKap6 ~IIOlJHBaB IJ,iJiy ,n;o6y, a npH MO~ax BeCb lJaC MOJIHBCSI no60lliHHH IIIO,n;. HacTynHoro ,n;HSI nepeHeCJIH cB. Mo~i ,n;o u.epKBH cB. AnocroJiiB, ,n;e rraTpiapx Bi,n;npaBHB CJiym6y Bomy. TaM BOHH i ~IIOlJHBalOTb 3 13 6epe3HSI 846 poKy. L4 6epealla

CBHTH:A: BEHE,Lt;HKT KnM 6yB CB. BacnJiii1: BeJIHKHH ,D;JISI xpHCTHSIHChKoro Cxo,n;y, rHM CB. BeHe,D;HKT 6yB ,D;JISI 3axo,n;y: 06H,n;Ba BOHH IIOBHiCTIO JOCBSITHJIH cBoe mHTTSI BoroBi B qepHetJoMy CTRHi i ,D;aJIH notJaTOK JOpraHi30BaHOMY lliHTTlO lJHCJieHHHX lJeHIJ,iB B OKpeMHX liHHaX, :n;o i1: ,n;oci icHyiOTh y KaTOJIHU.hKii1: IJ;epKBi 3aB,n;SIKH npHKJia,n;y ~BSITOrO lliHTTSI H p03YMHHM rrpaBHJiaM CBOlX CB. 3aCHOBHHKiB. Hapo,n;HBCSI cB. BeHe,n;HKT rrpn6JIH3Ho 430 poKy B Hypci'i, .TaJiiHChKOMY MiCTelJKy, B 3aMOmHiH pO,!I;HHi €BTponiSI H <\.6yH,n;aHn.iL BnpocTaB MaJIHH BeHe,n;HKT B qacn, KOJIH xpncTHSIH!hKa €Bpona, 3pyHHOBaHa noraHaMH H apiaHaMH, XHJIHJiaCSI ,li;O JapBapcTBa. XpncToBa IJ;epKBa 6yJia po36HTa epecSIMH. MicTa i1: :eJia 6yJIH cnJIIOH,n;poBaHi BiHHOIO i1: norpa6YBaHHSIMH. Be3coJOMHiCTh naHYBaJia SIK B IIOraH, TaK i B XpHCTHSIH, a Mim BOJIO(apSIMH 6yJIH caMi 6e36omHHKH, noraHH a6o epeTHKH. ,ll;o IIIKOJIH CB. BeHe,n;HKT xo,n;HB y PnMi, ,n;e BHBtJaB npaBo; l,D;HaK, no6alJHBIIIH, ~0 HOrO IIIKiJI.hHi no6paTHMH HaCJii,D;yiOTh IOraHi 3BHlJal CTapiiiHX, HaJISIKaBCSI lXHhOrO 3JIOrO rrpHKJia,n;y, •no

14 6epe3HH

Bi,n;piKC.H CBOrO npaBHlfliOrO 3BaHH.H i ITOTaMKR BTiK 3 PH:Ma 3i CBOeiO HHHbKOIO. ByJio MOMY To,n;i npn6JIR3HO 20 JiiT. IloKRHYBIIIR PnM, BeHe,n;RKT i HHHbKa nepe6yBaJIR HKRll;~b qac y ceJii Empi,n;e, B Ca6iHCbKRX ropax, ,n;e pa3oM npau;IOBa.rrn 3i CBHm;eHnKaMR M cBi TCbKRMR JIIO,ll;bMR npn Micu;eBiM u;epKBi. TaM cTaJiaca o,n;Ha qy,n;ecHa no,n;i.H. Kom-1 o,n;Horo ,n;HH HHHbKa po36RJia no3nqeHRM ,n;36aHoK Ha Bo,n;y, BeHe,n;nKT cep,n;eqHo ITOMOJIRBC.H i BiH 3HOBY CTaB I.J;iJIRM. IIo6aqnBIIIR, m;o nicJI.H Toro Bnna,n;KY JIIO,ll;R noqann Ha,n;To HRM u;iKaBRTRCH, BeHe,n;RKT poanpom;aBc.H 3 HHHbKOJO i o,n;Hie'i Hoqi BRPYIIIRB y HeBi,ll;OMy ,n;opory IllyKaTR TaKoro MiCI.J;.H, ,n;e BiH 6yB 6H: ,n;aJieKO Bi,n; rpilllHoro cBiTy M m;o,n;eHHRX Haro,n; ,n;o aJioro, a 6Jinmqe ,n;o Bora, HKOMY O,ll;HOMY BiH 6a.iKaB CJIY.iKRTR B a6coJIJOTHOMY cnoKoJO. MaH,n;pyJOqn, aaMIIIOB BeHe,n;RKT Ha BRCOKY ropy Cy6i.HKO, a6o Cy6JiaKyM, m;o oTpnMaJia HaaBy Bi,n; IttTyqHoro o3epa, 3po6JieHoro 3a qaciB iMnepaTopa KJiaB,n;iH BHacJii,n;oK ni,n;HeceHHH CB. BEHE,[(llKT 6eperiB piqKn AHio. Y TiM ,ll;RKiM i CKeJI.HCTiM Micu;eBOCTi, Ha py'iHaX HepOHOBOl BiJIJIR, BiH 3YCTpiB 6oroMiJibHoro MOHaxa PoMaHa, HKOMY Bi,n;KpRB cBoe rap.Hqe 6amaHHH cTaTM nycTMHHMKOM. PoMaH .iKRB y MOHaCTMpi. HoMy npnnaB ,n;o cepu;H MOJIO,ll;MM pMMJIHHMH, H:imM aa,n;JIH qncTOTM nepe,n; BoroM noKMHYB cBiT i npMMIIIOB B ,n;MKY nym;y IllyKaTR aaxncTy CBOIM no6omHocTi, TOMY oxoqe cTaB Moro ,n;yxoBHMM oniKyHoM. IIo,n;apyBaB BeHe,n;MKTOBi qepHeqy p.Hcy ai IIIKypR, a 3rO,ll;OM ITOKa3aB MOMY neqepy, Ha,n; .HKOIO 6yJia BMCOKa CKeJI.H, .HKOIO Hi.HK He MO.iKHa 6yJIO ,n;iC'I'aTMC.H ,ll;O neqepM, a 3HR3Y ,n;ocTyn 6yB Ha,ll;3BMqaMHO TPYAHMM i He6eaneqHMM qepe3 nponacTb M rycTi aapocTi. Y TiM caMOTHiM neqepi, ,n;e Moro no6paTMMOM 6yB TiJibKM KpyK, BeHe,n;MKT npoBiB TpM poKM 6oroMiJibHoro .iKMTTH, npo HKe 3HaB TiJibKM PoMaH, HKMM HiKoMy He Bi,n;KpMB TaeMHMI.J;i CB. JOHaKa, lll;O,ll;H.H ,n;iJI.HqMCb 3 HMM CBOIM XJii60M, aiJIJIHM i Hro,n;aMn; BeHe,n;MKT BMT.HraB co6i I.J;IO cKpOMHY nomMBY ,n;orOpM B KOIIIMqKy aa ,ll;OITOMOI'OIO IIIHypa, cnym;eHOrO ITO CKeJii. CB. rp:HJ'OpiM BeJIMKMM OITOBi,n;aB: neplllOIO JIIO,ll;MHOIO, m;o Bi,n;Bi,n;ana cB. BeHe,n;RKTa, 6yB o,n;MH CB.Hm;eHMK, HKMM noqyB BomMM roJioc: "Tn roTyelll co6i cMa"tJHMM o6i,n;, a MiM cJiyra

309

14 6epe3HS! BeHe,n;RKT TeprrRTb ro;w,n;". Cmn.u;eHRK Ha6pa~ xap"lliB i rriiiiOB ,n;opory IIIyKaTR Bomoro cJiyry BeHe,n;RKTa. MoJio,n;RH: rrycTRHHI1 6yB Ha)l;3BR"l£aiTHO 3,ll;RBOBaHRIT, rro6a"t£RBII1R rrepe,n; IIe"llepOIO TOI p03MOB~

CB.HI.IJ;eHRKa, aJie rrepe,n; TRM, .HK p03IIO"l£aTR 3 HRM

rrorrpocRB H:oro crrepiiiy crriJihHO rroMOJIRTRC.H. IIicJI.H MOJIRTB 3aBeJIR po3MOBY rrpo Bora H: He6ecHi pe"L£i, a rroTiM CB.HI.IJ;eHH rrorrpocRB BeHe,n;RKTa pa3oM 3 HRM crromRTR o6i,n;,

6o E

BeJIRK,n;eHb He ro,n;RTbC.H rrocTRTR. BeHe,n;RKT ~i,n;rroBiB, I.IJ;O Bi yme BTpaTRB paxyHOK "l£acy IT He 3HaB, I.IJ;O :u;e TaKRIT BeJIRKI1 ,n;eHb. To,n;i pa3oM crromRJIR TY !my, .HKY rrpRHic CB.HI.IJ;eHin HKRITCh tiac BOHR rrpoBeJIR y

,n;yxoBHiH: po3MOBi,

a

rroTi

HeCIIO,ll;iBaHRIT riCTb BepHyBC.H ,ll;O,ll;OMy. HeB,n;OB3i rricJI.H Toro

,n;o

rre"L£epR BeHe,n;RKTa ,n;o6paJIRC.H Mic.u;eJ

rracTyxR, .HKi crrotiaTKY rrpRITH.HJIR CB.HToro 3a .HKYCb 3BipRH~ II06a"t£RBII1R :fforo B 3Bip.H"lliiT IIIKypi; KOJIR JK 3aBeJIR 3 HR p03MOBy, -

KiJibKa 3 HRX CKOpRCTaJIR 3 Hel )l;JI.H CBOlX ,n;yiii.

Toro "L£acy Bee 6iJibiiie mo,n;eH: ,n;oBi,n;yBaJIRC.H rrpo MOJio,n;or IIyCTRHHRKa; BOHR CTaJIR Bi,n;Bi,n;yBaTR :fforo IT rrpRHOCRTR ROM ,n;ei.IJ;O Ha rrpomRTOK, a OTpRMyBaJIR 3a Te D;iHHi CB.HTi CJIOE ,n;yxoBHRX rroBtiaHb i rropa,n; BeHe,n;RKTa. Xoti cB. K>HaK mRB 3,n;aJieKy Bi,n; mo,n;eH:, rrpoTe Bopor Haiiior

.

... .

...

.

...

CIIaClHH.H Bl,ll;IIIyKaB ROrO R TaM, HaCTyiialO"l£R CRJibHOlO TlJieCHO; CIIOKYCOlO. O,n;Horo ,ll;H.H, .HK OIIOBi,n;ae CB. rpRropiH:, ,ll;OBKOJia HOI 06JIR'I'I.H IIO"llaJia KpyTRTRCb MaJia '!OpHa IITaiiiKa, BeHe,n;RKT rrporHaB

11

a

KOJI

Bi,n; ce6e 3HaKoM cB. xpecTa, H:oro y.HE

HaMaJIIOBaJia H:oMy rrocTaTh o,n;Hiei: miHKR, .HKY BiH 6a"L£RB I.IJ;e CBiTi. llo6omHRIT IOHaK Bi,ll;'IYB

,n;o

Hei: TaKRIT CRJibHRIT IIOT.Hl

I.IJ;O, 3)l;aBaJIOC.H, He BCTOlTb IIpOTR CIIOKYCR, IIOKRHe CBOl rrycTeJibHIO Ta BepHeThC.H y cBiT. O,n;HaK y HarrrrpRKpiiily XBRJIRH~ 3a

Bomo10

JiacKolO, CB. lOHaK CKRHYB 3 ce6e o,n;emy, KRHYBC.H

TepHR, I.IJ;O pOCJIR 6iJI.H :fforo IIetiepR; TaM BiH ,ll;OTR Ka"l£aBC.H paHRB CBO€ TiJIO, am ,ll;OKR CIIOKyca He Bi)l;CTYIIRJia.

3

TOrO ~IaC

BiH yme HiKOJIR He MaB TiJieCHRX 6amaHb.

Y

Micn;eBocTi BiKaBapo, Mim Cy6i.HKO H: TiBoJii,

6iJI

rri,n;HiJKm.H BeJIRKoi: cKeJii Ha,n; pitiKOlO AHio, 6yB "L£OJIOBi"L£R MOHaCTRp. KoJIR IIOMep HaCTO.HTeJib TOrO MOHaCTRp.H, MOHaX rrpR6yJIR

,n;o

BeHe,n;RKTa i rrpocRJIR H:oro cTaTR i:xHiM iryMeHOlV

BeHe,n;RKT, .HKRrr .n;ei.IJ;o 3HaB rrpo TRX MOHaxiB,

crro"L£aTK

Bi,ll;MOBJI.HBC.H Bi,n; ll;bOrO, 3a.HBRBIIIR, I.IJ;O lM He Tpe6a CXO,ll;RTRC pa30M, 60 IXHi ,n;oporR MOmyTb po3iiTTRC.H; KOJIR

m

BOHR Hi.H

He xoTiJIR rrocTyrrRTRC.H, BeHe,n;RKT rroro,n;RBC.H. HK HaCTO.HTeJib MOHaCTRp.H BeHe,n;RKT BRMaraB Bi,n; CBOI '!eHn;iB BeCTR CyBope JKRTT.H MOHaiiiOrO IIOCJIYXY, IIOKOpl-1 ~1n

14 6epeaH51 npH6opKyiO"t!H TiJio 11: ,n;yx. A.rre npH3BH"t!aeHi ,n;o 6e3KapHocTi, MOHaXH CKOpO no"t!aJIH HapiKaTH Ha CYBOpiCTh CB. BeHe,ll;HKTa. ,li;i3HaBIIIHCh npd u;e, BiH nonporn;aBC.H 3 HHMH i BepHyBC.H ,ll;O Cy6i.HKO, aJie Bme He ,ll;JI.H Taro, rn;o6 mHTH Ha caMoTi, a ~IJ;06 po3no"t!aTH Te BeJIHKe ,n;iJio, ,n;o .HKoro Bor roTyBaB il:oro Bnpo,n;oBm TphOX poKiB )KHTT.H Ha CaMOTi. KoJIR cB. BeHe,ll;HKT noBepHyBc.H ,n;o CBoe'i ne"t!epH, no"t!aJIH IIpH6yBaTH ,ll;O HhOrO JIIO,ll;H, .HKi 6amaJIH p030M 3 HHM 3aJIHIIIHTHC.H B ,n;HKiH nycTeJii. IlpHxo,n;HJIH xpHCTH.HHH i noraHH, ,n;yxoBHi 11: CBiTChKi OC06H, CeJI.HHH i naTpHIJ;il, .HKi TiKaJIH Bi,ll; CBiTy; 3roJiornyBaJIHC.H 11: MOHaxH, .HKi ,n;oci mHJIH oKpeMo no ne"t!epax.

Ycix 'ix npRT.HraJia il:oro CB.HTiCTh i "t!y,n;oTBOpeHH.H, .HKHMH Bor npocJiaBJI.HB cBoro cJiyry. To,n;i CB. BeHe,n;RKT 3opraHi3yBaB mHTT.H OCi6, IIOCB.H"t!eHHX Bory, .HKe BiH 3a,ll;yMaB y THIIIi CBOel ne"t!ep:a: "3i6paTH pa3oM, Ha"t!e B o,n;He Xp:acToBe cTap;o, CB.HTHX "t!eHu;iB, po3noporneHHX no MOHaCTHp.HX i Kpa'iHaX, 3'e,n;HaTH IX B O,ll;HY rpoMa,n;y, ID;06 CKpinHTH IX 6paTHiMH 3B'.H3KaMH B ,ll;OMi rocno,n;a ni,n; O,ll;HHM MOHaiiiHM ycTaBOM i B nocTiHHiH npocJiaBi Bomoro iMeHi".

CB. BeHe,n;HKT ,n;yMaB npo o,n;Hi MOHarni npaBRJia i CTBopeHH.H Ha 3axo,n;i TiJihKH O,ll;HOrO "t!epHe"t!OrO LfHHY, ID;06 TaKHM "t!HHOM IIOKJiaCTH KpaH pi3HHM p03IIOp.H,ll;meHH.HM Ha~O.HTeJiiB i CBaBOJii nOO,ll;HHOKHX MOHaXiB, a TaKOm 3aKpinHTH CIIiJihHe )KHTT.H B MOHaCTHp.Hx, rn;o 6yJIO 6e3neqHiiiiRM 11: KOpHcHiiiiHM Bi,n; nycTHHHOro. 3 Tiero ,n;yMKOIO 36y,n;yBaB CB . BeHe,ll;HKT 12 MOHaCTHpiB, B KOmHOMY 3 .HKHX noceJIHB no 12 MOHaXiB ni,n; npOBO,ll;OM O,ll;HOPO 3 BH6paHHX Y"tJHiB .HK Micu;eBOrO HaCTO.HTeJI.H, a caM ynpaBJI.HB yciMa MOHacTRp.HMH 3 MOHaCTHp.H CB. KJIHMeHTa, ,n;e BHXOByBaB i roTyBaB ,n;o Mai1:6yTHho'i npau;i qeHu;iB. Y Toii "tJac 6eHe,n;HKTRHu;i He MaJIH rn;e cBo'ix npaBHJI, MomJIHBo, KepyBaJIHCh npaBRJiaMH cB. BacHJii.H a6o, 3ri,n;Ho 3 o,n;HHM cTapoBRHHHM IIHCaHH.HM, "MOHaXH 12 MOHaCTHpiB BqHJIHC.H "t!epHe"t!OMY )KHTTIO He 3a .HKHMOCh nHCaHHMH npaBHJiaMH, a HaCJii,ll;yiO"t!H npHKJia,ll; m:aTT.H CB. BeHe,n;RKTa". Bi,n; ycix cBo'ix MOHaxiB cB. BeHe,n;RKT BHMaraB CYBOporo nOCJIYXY, nepe6yBaHH.H B O,ll;HOMY MOHaCTHpi am ,n;o cMepTi, <}liaH"t!Ho'i 11: po3yMoBo'i npau;i, oxo"t!o'i yqacTi B CB. JliTypri'i.

XTO He noro,n;myBaBC.H 3 TaKHMH BHMOraMH, Mir CnOKiHHO HTH co6i cBoero ,n;opororo. ABaHTIOpHHKH 11: HaniBMOHaxH He MaJIH B Cy6i.HKO Micu;.H. KoJIR cJiaBa npo 3opraHi3oBaHe mHTT.H B MOHaCTHp.Hx CB. BeHe,n;lp<:Ta ,n;iil:rnJia ,n;o P:aMa, - 6araTi 11: y6ori JIIO,ll;H no"tJaJI:a np:a6yBaT:a ,n;o Cy6i.HKO Ta npocHTH B cB. 3aCHOBHRKa THX cJiaBHHX

311

14 6epe3Hs:l

MOHaCTHpiB npHHH.HTH IX ,ll;O MOHaiiiOl cniJibHOTH; i BiH npHHMa ycix, He3BamaiOl.£H Ha lXHE: Hau;ioHaJibH•e nOXO,D;meHH.H cycniJihHe CTaHOBH~e. 3rO,D;OM nol.laJIH 6aTbKH npHBO,Il;HTH ,ll; CB.HToro cBoi:x cnHiB, ~o6 BiH BHXOByBaB 'ix Ta Jaoxol.lyBaB ,ll; MOHaiiiOrO mHTT.H. CB. rpnropi:i{ onoBi,D;ae npo ,ll;BOX TaKHX CHHi pnMCbKHX IIIJI.HXTHl.liB-naTpnu;ilB: 7-JiiTHboro IlJiaKH,D;a i 12-Jii'I Hhoro MaBpa. Ti IOHaKn 6ym-r nonepe,D;HHKaMn Bcix Tnx Yl.J:HiE .HKi B HaCTYllHMX CTOpil.ll.J:.HX BHXOByBaJIMC.H no BeHe,ll;HKTHHCbKH: MOHaCTHp.HX. MoJIOAHH MaBp aro){OM cTaB noMil.IHHKOM CB.HToro. Kom O,D;Horo paay cB. BeHe,D;HKT cH,D;iB y cBo1:i1: KeJii1, MaJIHH IInaxu,n Ha6npaB 3 pil.IKH BO,Il;Y B Bi,D;epu;e, nOCKOB3HYBC.H i BnaB Y BO,D;y.

CB.HTHH 3BeJiiB MaBpy 6irTn Ta BHT.HrHyTn IlnaKn,D;a a BO,Il;II. MaBp HeraHHO no6ir 3a CB01M MaJIIIM no6paTHMOM, CXOnHB HOrO 3a BOJIOCC.H i BHT.HrHyB Ha 6eper; am TO,Il;i 3p03yMiBIIIH, ~0 BiH 6ir no BO,Il;i, Hal.le no 3eMJii. Konn 3,1l;HBOBaHn:i1: MaBp onoBiB Te l.ly,D;o cB. BeHe,D;HKTOBi, CB.HTHH Bi,D;noBiB, ~o u;e 6yB HacJii,D;OR HOrO nocJiyXy, XO'-! IOHaK 6yB nepeKOHaHHH, ~0 u;e CTaJIOC.H 3a nocepe,D;HHIJ;TBOM CB.HToro. Mann:i1: IInaKH,Il; ,ll;O,D;aB, ~o TO,D;i, KOJIH MaBp BHT.RraB il:oro 3 BO,llH, BiH 6al.IHB Ha,z:t co6oro MaHTiiO CB. BeHe,D;n:K'ia, a MaBpa no6al.IHB am Ha 6epe3i.

O,z:tHoro ,z:tHH npn:i1:IIIoB ,z:to cB. BeHe,z:tnKTa roT. CBHTHH npni1HHB :i1:oro 3 pa,z:ticTIO Ta o,z:t.RrHyB y l.lepHel.ly pRey. Konu nocnanu Taro HOBHKa npol.ln~yBaTn Bi,D; 3apocTeif: Micu;e Ha):l a3epoM, peBHHH xnoneu;b TaK ~npo npau;roBaB, ~o coKnpa 3JieTiJia 3 ,z:tepmaKa i Bnana y Bo,z:ty. HoBHK BepHyBc.H 3aCMYl.£eHn:i1: ,z:to MOHaCTIIp.R • .HK TiJihKH cB. BeHe,D;HKT ,z:toBi,z:taBc.R npo npnro,z:ty xnonu;H, Bi.z:tpa3y niiiiOB Ha,z:t 03epo, BCTpOMHB ,z:tepmaK Bi,z:t COKHpH y BO,z:ty, i 3aJii30 caMo npnl.lennnoc.R Ha ,z:tepmaK. To.z:ti CB.RTHH Bi.z:t.z:taB coKnpy HOBIIKOBi i CKa3aB Jiari,z:tHO: "Bi3bMH, npaiJ;IOH i He cyMy:i1:!" IJ;e 6yno He e,z:tuHe l.ly,z:to, .RKHM BeHe,z:tnKT cTapaBc.R 3MiHIITII CTaBJieHH.H ,[tO npau;i CB01X HOBHKiB. CB.RTHH 6yB Tiel .z:tYMKH, ~0 npau;H He TiJihKH He npnHumye JIIO,z:tHHY, ane yiiiJI.RXeTHIOe i1 Be,z:te ll ,[tO CB.RTOCTi, TOMY BBamaB 11 060B'.R3KOBOIO ,LtJIH BCiX CB01X MOHaXiB. IlpoBiBIIIH 6JIH3bKO 30 poKiB B oKoJinu;i Cy6i.R:Ko, cB. BeHe,z:tiiKT He Mir cnoKiHHO ,z:tOmHTH BiKy Mim CB01MH Yl.IH.RMII Ta pa.z:tiTn i:xHiM ,z:tyxoBHHM nocTynoM. CTanocH u;e l.lepe3 3a3,z:tpicTb i Hana,z:tKH O,z:tHOrO Heri,z:tHOrO CBH~eHIIKa, .RKUH mHB y TiH OKOJIHIJ;i. 3po3yMiBIIIH, ~0 HOrO JIHXHH cyci,z:t Hanoci,z:tae TiJibKH Ha Hhoro O,z:tHoro, BiH BnpiiiiHB 3aJIHIIIHTH Cy6i.RKO :i1: nepeceJIHTHCH Ha ropy KacciHo, .R:Ka 3Haxo,z:tHThCH Mim PnMoM i HeanoJieM.

14 6epe3HS'I IIicJIH cep,[(el:IHoro IIporn;aHH.H 3 l:JeHIJ;.HMM

12

MOHaCTMpiB CB.

BeHe.[(MKT IIpM3Hal:JMB .[(JI.H HMX O.[(HOro ciiiJihHoro HaCTO.HTeJI.H, a caM BMPYIIIMB 3 KiJihKOMa Y1:JH.HMM AO MoHTe KacciHo, .HKe qMHOBi IIO.[(apyBaB TepT'yJih, 6aThKO MaJioro IlJiaKH.[(a.

MicTo KacciHo 6yJio KOJIHCh xpncTM.HHChKMM; KOJIH

m

iioro

3HMIIJ;MJIM r'OTH, HOrO MeiiiKa.HIJ;i BepHyJIMC.H B IIOraHCTBO Ta CtaJIH IIpMHOCMTM .mepTBM 60JKKOBi AnoJIJIOHy B CB.HTHHi, IIJ;O CTO.HJia Ha BepiiiMHi ropn.

IlpM6yBIIIM TYAM 3i CBOIMM qeHIJ;.HMH, cB. BeHeAMKT HacaMIIepe.[( BMpiiiiMB 3aKpiiiHTM TaM XpMcToBe IJ;apcTBO. IIicJI.H

40-

.l:(eHHoro IIOCTY if MOJIMTBM IIoqaB IIpoiioBi.[(yBaTM Hapo,[(oBi xpMCTH.HHChKY Bipy. Mora IIPOIIOBiAi if l:JYAa HaBepHyJIM 6araTo IIoraH, .HKi 3rOAOM AOIIOMOrJIM iioMy 3pyiiHyBaTM IIoraHChKY CB.HTHHID 3

iAOJIOM.

Ha TOMY Mic:u;i 36YAYBaB CB.HTHH ABi

MOJIMTOBHi Ha l:JeCTh cB. MoaHa XpMCTMTeJI.H if cB. MapTMHa.

A

,[(OBKOJia TMX KaiiJIHIJ;h IIoqaB IIOBOJii, 3 HOBHX i CTapMX 6y,[(iBeJih, BMpOCTaTH CJiaBHMH Ha BeCh CBiT BeHe,[(MKTMHChKHH MOHaCTMp MoHTe KacciHo. MIIIoB

525

piK.

Ilo6al:JHBIIIH, rn;o iioro BJia.[(a B MoHTe KacciHo 3aKiH1:JyeThC.H, AMHBOJI cTapaBc.H po6HTH CB.HTOMY IIPMKporn;i. 0,[(Horo AH.H p03BaJIMB IIi,[( l:JaC 6y,[(OBH CTiHy, IIJ;O IIpM6HJia O,[(HOrO MOJIO,[(OrO po6iTHMKa. ToAi cB. BeHeAMKT cKa3aB IIpnHeCTM IIOKaJiiqeHoro ,1:(0 CBOe'i KeJiii: i cep,[(eqHQlO MOJIHTBOID IIOBepHyB HOMy 3,[(0pOB'.H. Maroqn .[(OCBiA Cy6i.HKO, cB. BeHeAMKT He 6y.[(yBaB y.me AJI.H CBOIX MOHaXiB OKpeMMX ,[(OMiB, a

3i6paB IX ycix B O,[(HOMY

BeJIHKOMY MOHacTnpi i yiipaBJI.HB HMMH qepe3 iryMeHa if .[(eKaHiB. ,IJ;o MoHTe KacciHo rrpM6yBaJIM JIIOAM 3 PMMa if Kaiiy'i, cepe.[( .HKMX -

eiiMCKOIIH, MOHaiiii HaCTO.HTeJii if cBiTChKi oco6M. II.J;o6

'ix ri.[(HO IIPMHH.HTH, CB. BeHeAHKT 6y,[(yBaB ,D;JI.H HMX rocTRHMIJ;i.

BeJIHKHM .[(o6poqnH:u;eM MOHaCTHP.H B

r

MoHTe Kacchro 6yB

Op.[(i.HH, 6aThKO IlaiiM CB. rpnropi.H BeJIHKOro, .HKMH BiA iMeHi

cBoe'i .miHKH CMJihBi'i o6,[(apyBaB cB.

BeHe.[(MKTa pi3HHMM

IIOciJIOCT .HMH.

Y

TOR l:Jac CB.HTMH HaiincaB cJiaBHMH MOHaiiiMH ycTaB, y

.HKOMy, .HK CKa3aB CB. rpnropiii, -

"yBeCh CIIOci6 JKHTT.H H Kap-

HOCTi, 60 CB.HTHH MYJI< BqHB TaK, .HK CaM JKMB". 3a 6eHe,[(MKTMHChKHM YCTaBOM

JKMTT.H MOHaXiB IIpOXO,[(MJIO y

JiiTypriqHMX

MOJIMTBax, Hay:u;i if IIpa:u;i. '1leH:u;i JKMJIM IIiA IIPOBOAOM crriJihHOro AYXOBHoro HaCTO.HTeJI.H. HaiincaB iioro cB. BeHeAHKT AJI.H qeH:u;iBHeCB.HIIJ;eHMKiB; caM CB.HTMH Tem He 6yB CB.HIIJ;eHMKOM. CB. BeHe.[(HKT He BMMaraB BiA cBo'ix MOHaxiB Ha.[(3BMqaifHo cyBoporo JKHTT.H. KoJIH OAHH IIYCTHHHHK, .HKMH JKHB y IIeqepi He.[(aJieKo BiA MoH~e KacciHo if KOpMcTaB 3 AYXOBHoro IIpOBOAY cB. BeHe-

313

14 6epe3HSI

,n;HKTa, npHB'.HaaB ce6e aa Hory ,n;o cKeni, CB.HTHH, ,n;iaHaBmHch npo u;e, cKaaaB: ".HKIIJ,O THe cnpaB,n;i BoamM cnyrmo, He npHB'.H• ay:H: ce6e aani3HHM naHu;roroM, a XpHCTOBHM".

CBo'i npaBHJia HanHcaB cB. BeHe,n;HKT roJIOBHO ,n;JI.H cBo'ix MOHaxiB y MoHTe KacciHO, aJie Ha 6a.maHH.H IlanH ropMia,n;a 'ix BH3HaJIH 'tleHu;i Bcie'i PHMChKoi: iMnepil. YcTaB cB. BeHe,n;HKTa 6yB IIpH3Ha'ieHHH ,D;JI.H THX, IIJ,O, Bi,n;piKIIIHCb CBOel BJiaCHOl BOJii, 6epyTh Ha ce6e "cHJihHY M: .HCHY a6poro nocnyxy, IIJ,06 6opoTHC.H ni,n; rrpanopoM XpHCTa rocrro,n;a, Ham oro rrpaB,n;HBOro IJ;apR".

8Bpona y TOM qac rroBa.maJia TiJihKH Me'i. MoHTe KacciHo rrporonomyBaJio HOBHH cycrriJihHHH aaKoH. YcTaB CB. BeHe,n;HKTa 6yB ocTaHHbOJO BeJIHKOJO naM'.HTKOIO pHMCbKoro npaBa M: ,n;ep.maBHOCTi. MoHaiiiHH cTaH 6eayMoBHO IIOB'.H3aHHH 3 IIOHRTT.HM MOHapXi3My: apXiMaH,n;pHT-a6aT TpHMaE: BCIO BJia,n;y B CBOlX pyKaX, aJie BiH He BCeMoryTHiH BOJIO,n;ap, a Jiari,n;HHH 6aTbKO. Horo ,n;opa,n;HHKH - Haiiri,n;Himi 3 6paTiB, iryMeH-rrpiop M: ,n;eKaHH. Y6oricTb e CBRIIJ,eHHHM ,n;o6poM. Koa<HHH MOHaX ypO't!HCTOJO 3a.HBOJO nepe,n; rocno,n;HiM BiBTapeM IIOCB.H't!YE: cBoe .iKHTTR Bory. BiH ,n;oBiJihHO po3nop.H,n;.maeThCR CBOIM MaHHOM, aJie 3060B' .H3YE:TbC.H Ha MaH6yTH€ B.iKe HiKOJIH He 6yTH Hi BJiaCHHKOM, Hi He3aJie.iKHHM CIIO.iKHBa'tleM. ,II;eHHHH p03IIOpR,D;OK y MOHaxa TO't!HO BH3Ha'ieHHH: Ha MOJIHTBY, HayKy H rrpau;ro .

• MoHacT:Ap noBHHeH 6yTH He3aJie.iKHHM Bi,n; 30BHiiiiHhoro cBiTy, IIJ;06 'tleHu;i He Bi,n;Jiy'tlaJIHC.H Bi,n; CIIiJibHOrO MOHaCTHpCbKOrO .iKHTT.H; TOMY Be,n;e CBO€ BJiaCHe rocno,n;apCTBO, cie i .iKHe, MeJie i ne'tle CBiH Iu;O,D;eHHHH XJii6, HaB"'Iae BCRKHM peMeCJiaM H T8KHM 'iHHOM CTae CBOepi,D;HOJO MiHiaTIOpHOIO ,n;epa<aBOJO B ,n;epa<aBi. HaBiTh noKapaHH.H nepe,n;6a'tleHe ,n;JI.H THX, IIJ;O nopymHJIH cBoi: ,n;o6poBiJibHO B3.HTi 3060B'R38HHR .iKHTH .iKHTTRM E:BaHreJibCbKHX -qecHoT; ane -qepHe'tla Kapa - ,n;yxoBHoro xapaKTepy: noa6aBJieHH.H JiaCKH y'tlaCTi B CIIiJibHOMY CB. IlpH'tlaCTi, Tpaneai, Hapa,n;ax i T.n. HeBHnprumi MYC.HTh Bi,n;iHTH. TBep,n;oi: IIOCTeJii, CKpOMHOl i:.mi, TR.iKKOl rrpau;i, Hi'tiHOrO 'tlyBaHH.H, Bi'iHoro rrocnyxy, 6eaorn.H,n;Horo B6o.mecTBa- cTiJihKH 3peqeHHR CBOrO BJI8CHOrO .H IIJ;e HiXTO He ,D;OMaraBC.H Ha XpHCTH.HHCbKOMY 3axo,n;i. TaB ychoMy TOMY He 6yno Hi'tloro npHMycoBoro: BCe Te BH6HpaB co6i KO.iKHHH 'tlepHeiJ;b ,n;o6poBiJihHO .HK ,n;opory ,n;o BHIIJ;o'i MeTH, IIJ,06 nepeMororo Ha,n; rop,n;icTro M: 'tiYTTeBicTIO CTaTH ,D;OCKOHaJIHM Bo.iKHM cnyroJO, .HKHH JII06HTb rocrro,n;a BciM CBOIM cepu;eM, 6iJihiiie, Him caMoro ce6e M: noHa,n; yce, IIJ;O noaa BoroM. IlaTpiapx 38Xi,D;HOrO 'tlepHeiJ;TBa )J;OIIOMaraB yciM ,D;OBKOJIHIIIHiM: niKyBaB He,ll;ya<Hx, poa,ll;aBaB xap'tli M: O,ll;e.my B6orHM, HaBiTh

314

14 6epe3Hfl

BOCKpeCFIB KiJibKOX IIOMepJIMX. KoJIFI B OKOJIFIIJ;i IIOlJaBCH I'OJIO,ll;, CBHTFIH 3BeJiiB po3,n;aTFI roJio,n;yiOtiFIM yBecb 3arrac xaptiiB, 3aJIFIIIIFIBIIIFI B MOHaCTHpi Jilfiiie II' HTb XJii6iB. IJo6atilfBIIIFI HeB,ll;OBOJieHHH CBOlX MOHaXiB, CKa3aB lM: "CbOI'O,ll;Hi Blf MatTe 3aMaJio, aJie 3aBTpa MaTHMeTe ,n;oBoJii". I crrpaB,n;i, HacTyrrHoro ,ll;HH XTOCb IIOKJiaB 6iJIH BOpiT MOHaCTHp.H 200 MiiiiKiB MYKlf. CB. BeHe,n;HKT MaB ,n;ap rrepe,n;6atiyBaHHH Mai1:6yTHix rro,n;i:H i tiHTaHHH JIIO,ll;CbKFIX ,n;yMoK. KoJIH o,n;Horo pa3y CB.HToro Bi,n;Bi,n;aB HOBOHaBepHeHHH IIIJIHXTlflJ, TO 3aCTaB HOI'O 3aJIHTOI'O CJib03aMlf. Ha 3arruTaHHH rrpo rrpHtiHHY CBHTFIH Bi,n;rroBiB: "IJ;e:H MOHaCTHp, HKFIH H 36y,n;yBaB, i BCe Te, ID;O H rrpH,n;6aB ,ll;JIH CBOlX 6paTiB, YceMoryTHiM: rrepe,n;acTh rroraHaM. Jle,n;Be B,n;aJIOCH MeHi BHrrpocwTlf JiaCKY rrorn;a,n;FI ,ll;JIH lXHbOI'O JKlfTTH". IJpopOIJ;TBO CIIOBHFIJIOCH tiepe3 COpOK JiiT, KOJilf JIOHro6ap,n;M 3pyi1:HyBaJIFI MOHaCTMp y MoHTe KacciHo; aJie MOHaxu BpHTyBaJIHCH. KoJIFI roTCbKFIH KopoJib ToTiJia rrepeMir iMrrepaTopa IOcTHHiaHa i TpiyMcpaJibHO MIIIOB 542 poKy qepe3 lTaJiiiO ,n;o HearroJIH, 3a6aJKaB no6atiHTlf CB. BeHe,n;HKTa. O,n;ep:tKaBIIIH tiepe3 rrocJiaH:u;H cxBaJibHY Bi,n;rroBi,n;h CB.HToro, 3a,n;yMaB ToTiJia BO,ll;HOtiac rrepeKoHaTHCH, tiM cB. BeHe,n;HKT crrpaB,n;i Mae ,n;ap HCHo6atieHHH, HK :u;e rrpo Hboro roBopwJIH. CKa3aB Pirro, Ha&iaJibHFIKOBi cBoei: ,n;pyJKHHlf, O,ll;HI'HYTlfCH B KOpOJiiBCbKlfM rryprrypOBlfM O,ll;HI' i IIiTlf 3 TpboMa KHH3HMFI, KopoJiiBCbKHMH ,n;opa,n;HHKaMFI, ,n;o MoHTe KacciHo. Ta HK TiJihKFI Pirro cTaB y KopoJiiBChKili o,n;eJKi rrepe,n; CB. BeHe,n;HKTOM, CBHTRM: cKa3aB :HoMy: "Mi:H CHHy, 3,n;ii1:MH 3 ce6e Te, rn;o o,n;HrHyB; BOHO He TBoe". 36eHTeJKeHHH i 3acopoMJieHlfH Pirro rroKJIOHHBCH CBHTOMY ,n;o Hir i HeraM:Ho rroBepHyBcH ,n;o KopoJIH. To,n;i caM KOpOJib rrpwM:IIIoB ,n;o BoJKoro cJiyrw, BrraB rrepe,n; HHM ,n;o 3eMJii. To,n;i CB. BeHe,n;FIKT rri,n;Hic :Horo, rrotiaB ,n;oKop.HTFI 3a :Horo 3JIOtiFIHH, a BKiH:u;i po3MOBH cKa3aB: "BaraTo 3Jia TFI po6uiii, 6araTo JIHxa BJKe HaKoi:B, rrepecTaHh xoti Terrep tiFIHFITFI HecrrpaBe,n;JIFIBicTb. PHM 3aM:Meiii, rreperrJIFIBeiii Mope, ,n;eB'HTb JiiT naHyBaTFIMeiii, Ha ,n;eC.HTFIM IIOMpeiii". IJpopOIJ;TBO cB. BeHe,n;FIKTa TOtiHO crroBHHJIOCH. CBHTHH MaB cecTpy-6JIH3HIOt.IKY Ha iM'H CxoJiacTHKa, HKa Bee cBoe JKHTTH rrpoBeJia B rrocB.HtieHoMy Bory ,n;iBFIU:TBi :H 6yJia iryMeHeiO JKiHotioro MOHaCTHPH He,n;aJieKo Bi,n; MoHTe KacciHo, HKHM KepyBaJia rri,n; rrpoBo,n;oM 6paTa. Pa3 Ha piK Bi,n;Bi,n;yBaB cB. BeHe,ll;FIKT cecTpy B ll MOHaCTMpi 3 KiJibKOMa CBOlMM MOHaXaMH, i TO,ll;i IIpOBO,ll;lfJilf BOHlf pa30M ,n;eHb y MOHaCTlfpCbKiM p03MOBHFIIJ;i.

CBHTHM rrpw:HIIIoB Bi,n;Bi,n;aTFI cecTpy 543 poKy, i:xHH ,n;yxoBHa po3MOBa 3aTHrHyJiacH ,n;o rri3HhOI Hot.Ii, cB. CxoJiaCTHKa rrpocwJia 6paTa, rn;o6 U:lfM pa30M BiH 3aJIFIIIllfBCH Ha p03MOBi 3 HeiO ,ll;O

315

14

6epe3H~

paHKy. KoJnl m CB. BeHeAIIKT BiAMOBJUIBca, 6o MoHaXII He nOBliHHi npOBO,Il;liTli HO"lli n03a CB01Mli KeJiiHMli, CB. CxoJiaCTIIKa no"lJaJia MOJlliTliC$1 Kpi3b CJib03li ,ll;O Bora. 'lcOJili ni)l;HeCJia CBOlO roJioBy, To 3 TIIxo1 M: nori)l;Ho1 HO"lli Bi)l;pa3y 3ipBaJiaC$1 TaKa rpOMOBMD;$1 3 npOJiliBHMM ,ll;OIIWM, ID;O MOHaXM He MOrJIM HaBiTb 3a )l;Bepi noKa3aTMC$1. CB. BeHe)l;MKT cTaB ,ll;OKopaTM CB. CxoJiacTII:o;i: ""tloMy Tli, cecTpo, MeHi :o;e 3p06IIJia?" A CBaTa Bi,IJ;noBiJia: "IIpociiJia j { Te6e, 6paTe, aJie TM He xoTiB MeHe nocJiyxaTM; TO a noMOJIIIJiaC$1 AO Bora, i BiH Bi,IJ;pa3y BMCJiyxaB MeHe". Ili3HaBIIIM Bomy BOJilO, rn;o6 BiH cnoBHIIB 6amaHH$1 cecTpii, cB. BeHeAMKT 3aJIMIIIliBCSI 3i CB01Mli MOHaXaMM H HelO Ha )l;yxOBHiH p03MOBi npo Bi"l!He »<MTT$1 am AO HacTynHoro paHKy. IIonpo:r:o;aBIIIMCh TOAi 3 Hero, BepHyBC$1 CB$1TIIH AO cBoro MoHacTMp$1. TpeThoro ,IJ;H$1 niCJI$1 BiABiAMH cecTpM no6a"l!MB cB. BeHe,ll;MKT niA "l!ac MOJIIITBM 11 AYIIIY, :r:o;o, Ha"lle $1CHa roJiy6Ka, ni,ll;HOCMJiacH B cJiaBi AO He6a. To,n;i cKa3aB CB$1TMH cBo1M MOHaxaM IIepeHeCTM TiJio noKiiiHo1 CxoJiaCTIIKII ,n;o MoHTe KacciHo i noxoBaTM fi B rpo6i, $1KMH BiH npiiroTyBaB ,IJ;JI$1 ce6e. Bor o6'$1BMB cB. BeHe,ll;MKTy, :r:o;o KiHeD;h iioro Tpy,ll;OJil06Horo »tliTTH 6Jili3hKMH. 3a 6 ,ll;HiB ,ll;O CMepTi CKa3aB CBHTMH BMKOnaTM co6i rpi6; KOJIM 6yB yme rOTOBMH, CB, BeHe,n;MKT ,n;icTaB rap$1"l!Ky. B ocTaHHiii ,n;eHh cBoro »<IITT$1 cKa3aB aaHeCTM ce6e AO :o;epKBM CB. MoaHa XpMCTMTeJI$1, )l;e npiiHH$1B cB. Ta.ihiM. IliCJI$1 CB. IlpM"llaCTH, niATPMMyBaHMH MOHaxaMII, BiH CTaB Ha HOrll Ta 3 ni,IJ;HeCeHMMM ,ll;O He6a pyKaMli no"llaB MOJIMTMCSI. IlpOKa3YlO"liM CJIOBa CB. MOJIMTBli, Bi)l;,ll;aB BoroBi CBOlO CB$1TY ,n;yiiiy. CTaJIOC$1 :o;e 14 6epe3H$1 550 poKy. IlpO»tliB CB. BeHeAMKT 63 poKM. IIoxoBaJIM M:oro nopY"l£ 3 iioro cecTpoiD CB. CxoJiaCTMKOlO. CB. BeHe,n;MKT 6yB BoroM BM6paHMM, oco6JIIIBO 6JiarocJIOBeHHMM MymeM. Moro ,n;yxoBHi CMHM, 3Jiy"lleHi OAHMM apxiMaHAPMTOM, ,ll;OTpMMYIO"llliCh O,ll;HOrO ycTaBy, »tliJili no CB01X MOHaCTlipHX ID;aCJIMBMM »tliTT$1M, a BO,Il;HO"lJaC ,n;aJieKO noaa CTiHaMli CB01X MOHaCTMpiB HecJIM 6JiarocJioBeHH$1 JIID,ll;ChKMM ,n;yiiiaM. IIocTiHHO 3aHH$1Ti MOJIIITBOIO M: npa:o;ero, $1K TiJieCHOlO, TaK i ,n;yxoBHOlO, BOHR BMpy6yBaJili HenpMCTynHi JiiCM, BMCyiiiyBaJIM HenpOXi)l;Hi 6oJioTa, o6po6JI$1JIH HenpM)l;aTHi aeMJii M: 3aCHOBYBaJIM He TiJihKII HOBi MOHaCTMpi, a M: ceJia Ta MicTa. B "l!acn cBoro HaHBMID;oro p03KBiTy HaJii"llyBaB BeHe,ll;MKTMHCbKMH qMH ITOHa,IJ; 60 000 MOHaXiB, 3 $1KMX BMHIIIJIO 28 IJan, 200 Kap,ll;MHaJiiB i TMCH"lli enMcKoniB. Be3 Toro qMHY nponaJIM 6 cTapo,ll;aBHi nncaHHH He TiJil>Kli noraHCbKMX My,n;pe:o;iB, aJie M: :o;epKOBHMX oT:o;iB. 3 xpoHiK Toro qMHY "l!epnaeMo icTOPM"liHi ,IJ;aHi- 3 ,n;aBHix-AaBeH. Haii:Kpa:r:o;i naM'aTKM apxiTeKTYPM IX-XIII cTopi"ll 6yJIM no"l!aTi ii 3aKiH"lleHi

316

15 6epe3Hfl

6eHe,n;nKTHHIVIMH: Yci Bi,n;oMi Choro,n;Hi MHCTen;TBa :i1: peMecJia 6yJIH BHIIJieKaHi 3a i:xniMn MonacTnpchKHMH MypaMn. BeHe,n;nKTHHD;i ,n;ocJii,n;myBaJIH 3aKOHH rrpnpo,n;n :i1: MY3HKH, 3aJinmnBmn HaM y crra,n;ru;nHy cBoi: 3HaHH.H. I ,n;o D;horo "tJacy rrpan;IOIDTh yllnTeJii, B"tJeHi, rrporroBi,n;HHKH Bomoro CJIOBa 3 n;~>oro l.JnHy, rronmprorolln Bipy i 3HaHH.H. CB. BeHe,n;nKT Bp.HTyBaB ,n;yxoBHY crra,n;ru;nHy cTapo,n;aBHhoro PnMy Bi,n; rromapiB, rrepeceJieHH.H Hapo,n;iB, rrepe,n;aBIIIH cepe,n;HhOBilllliO pnMChKY ,n;ncu;nrrJiiHy, 3HaHH.H yrrpaBJiiHH.H ,n;epmaBOIO Ta 11 opraHi3an;iiO. Y :ti:oro oco6i MH 3Haxo,n;nMo Bci rrpnTaMaHHi 03HaKn, ru;o 3po6nJIH PnM BeJIHKHM BOJio,n;apeM cBiTy; TiJihKH Bee :ti:oro ecTBO cJiymnJio He TBopeHHIO :i1: yTpnMaHHIO Bi:ti:chKOBorroJiiTH"tJHoi: ,n;epmaBHoi: MoryTHOcTi, a rrpocJiaBi XpncTa B ,n;yiiiax HarriBBapBapchKoro cepe,n;HhOBillll.H. Y cB. BeHe,n;nKTi cBiT rro6a"tJHB Bnrrpo6yBaHy, o"tJnru;eHy :i1: ,ll;OCKOHaJIY CB.HTiCTh; JIIO,ll;HHY, .HKa HeBIIM:HHO 6opoJiaC.H 3i CBOlMM: IIOma,n;aHHSIMH, 3peKJiaC.H BJiaCHOl KOpM:CTi i p03KOIIIi Ta BM:KOHaJia repOMChKe 3aB,n;aHHSI. mnTTSI CB. BeHe,n;M:KTa CBi,ll;llM:Th rrpo icHyBaHH.H Bora :i1: Ha,n;rrpnpo,n;Hoi: JiaCKH, .HKY BceBHIIIHi:ti: ,n;ae CBOlM BipHHM CJiyraM. 15 6epe3Hsr

CBHTHH Ar AlliH I ,li;PYJKHHA 3a rrpaBJiiHH.H mopcToKoro roHnTeJI.H xpncTH.HH iMrrepaTopa ,ll;ioKJieTiaHa :ti:oro HaMiCHHKOM y Kecapil IlaJiecTHHChKiii; 6yB YpBaH. O,n;Horo ,n;H.H BiH rrpn3Ha"tJHB CB.HTO Ha lleCTh rroraHChKnx 6omKiB, a ,n;JI.H po3Bar HaKa3aB MYllHTH xpncTH.HH. To,n;i cB. TnMoTe.H crraJIHJIH mnBn;eM, Ararri.H i TeKJIIO KHHYJIH Ha rromnBy ,n;nKHM 3BipaM. Pa3oM 3 HHMH 3axoTiJIH Bi,n;,n;aTn 3a XpncTa cBoe )KllTTSI ru;e 6 iHIIIHX XpM:CTM:SIHChKM:X IOHaKiB: Ily6JiiM, ,ll;Ba OJieKcaH,n;pn 3 €rnrrTy, TnMoJia:ti:, PoMHJI, rri,n;,n;n.HKOH 3 .IJ:iacrroJI.H :i1: .IJ:eHnc 3 cileHiKil. CTaBIIIH rrepe,n; YpBaHoM, cMiJIM:Bo 3a.HBHJin: "Mn - XpHCTHSIHM:!"

Ilepe,n; THM, .HK Bi,n;,n;aTni:x Ha MyKn, YpBaH rrpo6YBaB yMOBHTH i:x IIOKJIOHHTHC.H 6omKaM; KOJIH m yci :ti:oro 3YCHJIJI.H BH.HBHJIHC.H ,n;apeMHHMH, HaKa3aB Bi,n;BeCTM:lX ,ll;O B' S13HHD;i, KY,ll;Hllepe3 KiJihKa ,ll;HiB IIOTpaiiHB ru;e Ararri:ti: 3 fa3M:, .HKHM Bme 6araTO BM:TeprriB 3a XpncTOBY Bipy, a Terrep ,n;pyrn:ti: pa3 6yB KHHYTHM ,n;o B'.H3Hnn;i 3i CBOlM cnyrOIO, erM:IITSIHM:HOM .IJ:eHM:COM • .IJ:oBrO KapaJIHCSI BCi BOHM: y B 'SI3HM:D;i, 3HOCM:Jill pi3Hi MYKH rrepe,n; THM, SIK Bi,n;,n;aTH CBOl MOJIO,ll;i rOJIOBM: rri,n; BiCTp.H Mella. Ai.HJIOCSI n;e y 303 pon;i.

317

15 6epe3HSI

CBHTHH KJIHMEHTIH rOct»BAYEP

•

CJiaBHHii AnocToJI Bi~H.H, CB. KJIHMeHTiii Mapi.H ro¢>6ayep, Hapo~HBC.H B MopaBil (Micu;eBocTi TacBiu;), y po~HHi, B .HKiii 6yJio 12 ~iTeii. BYB BiH CJIOB '.HHChKOrO ITOXO~.meHH.H, Ha3HBaBc.H IBaH ,[(BomaR. Moro 6aThKO, pi3HHK i TOprOBeiJ;b xy~o6010, 3MiHHB CBO€ npi3BHn:t;e Ha ro¢>6ayep. TiicJI.H nepe~'lac­ HOI CMepTi 6aThKa MaTH 3aBeJia 7 -JiiTHhoro IBacH ni~ xpecT i cKa3aJia: "Tenep BiH 6y~e TBOlM 6aThKOM; 3aB.m~H XO~H MHJIOIO MoMy ~opororo".

KJIHMeHTiii m;e 3MaJIKY 6a.maB CTaTH CB.Hn:t;eHHKOM, aJie He Mir CITOBHHTH CBOrO 6a.maHH.H 'lepe3 6i~HiCTh. KoJIH iioMy 6yJio 15 JiiT, BiH CTaB neKapChKHM 'leJI.H~HHKOM. 3rO~OM nepeHIIIOB Ha po6oTy B neKapHIO 0TIJ;iB TipeMoHcTpaTeHciB. lli~ 'lac roJio~y MOJIO~Hii KJIHMeHTiii BH.HBHB TaKHii ~yx caMo3pe'leHH.H, m;o u;e cnpaBHJIO rJIH6oKe Bpa.meHH.H Ha HaCTO.HTeJI.H MOHaCTHp.H, i BiH ~03BOJIHB XJIOITIJ;eBi BHB'laTH JI8THHChKY MOBY B TaMTeiiiHhOMy MOHaCTHpi. lliCJI.H CMepTi iryMeHa KJIHMeHTiii 36y~yBaB co6i KeJiiro i .mHB TaM ~OTH, ~OKH aBcTpiiiChKHii u;icap MocHcp II He 3a6opoHHB BeCTH nycTHHHe .mHTT.H. To~i BiH 3MyiiieHHii 6yB BH6paTHC.H ~o Bi~HH, ~e 3HOBY npau;roBaB neKapeM. KJIHMeHTiii ~Bi'li xo~HB ~o PHMa 3i cBoiM npHHTeJieM lleTpoM KyHu;MaHoM. 3a ~pyrHM pa3oM BOHH o~ep.maJIH ~03BiJI Bi~ enHcKona TiBoJii, niJHiiiioro IIanH IIiH VII, 36y~yBaTH co6i KeJiiro Ta BeCTH mHTTH nycTHHHHKiB. AJie 'lepe3 KiJihKa Mic.Hu;iB KJIHMeHTiii nepeKoHaBCH, m;o iioro noKJIHKaHH.H- 6yTH MicioHapeM, a He nycTHHHHKOM. To~i BiH BepHyBcH 3HOBY ~o Bi~HH. HKoch nicJIH CJiy.m6H Bo.moi BiH no6a'lHB, m;o B nepe~ciHKY u;epKBH CTOHTh ~Bi naHi, HKi He MO.myTh BepHyTHC.H ~O~OMY 'lepe3 3JIHBHHii ~om;; BiH no~6aB npo aBTO ~JIH HHX. Bpa.meHi 'leMHiCTIO KJIHMeHTa, naHi po3roBopHJIHCH 3 HHM, a KOJIH ~oBi~aJIHCH, m;o BiH 'lepe3 6i~HiCTh He MO.me B'lHTHCH, n:t;06 CTaTH CBHn:t;eHHKOM,

318

15

6epe3H~

BMpinm:.JIM orr.Jia"<IyBaTM 3a Hboro Ta Roro rrpM.HTe.JI.H, Ta,n;e.H fro6.Jia, IXHe HaB"<IaHH.H, lll;06 CIIOBHM.JIOC.H 6amaHH.H MO.JIO,Il;MX cep,n;en;b.

B"<IM.JIMC.H lll;aC.JIMBi IOHaKM B PMMi, 6o y Bi,n;eHChKOMY yHiBepCMTeTi rraHyBaB Ha,n;To Bi.JihHo,n;yMHMR ,n;yx. Y PMMi BOHR II03HaROMM.JIMC.H 3 0Tn;.HMM Pe,n;eMrrTopMcTaMM i, 3axorr.JieHi 1xHh010 .n;yrnrracTMpcbKOIO rrpau;ero, BCTyiiM.JIM .n;o lxHhoro HoBin;i.HTY. B pHMChKOMY MoHaCTMpi 0Tn;iB Pe,n;eMrrTopHcTiB .iKMB To,n;i caM 3acHOBHMK n;horo l.JMHY cB. A.rrbliJOHC Jlir'opi. Ko.JIM BiH ,ll;OBi,n;aBC.H rrpo IIOXO,Il;.iKeHH.H HOBMX KaH,n;M,n;aTiB, Ha,ll;3BM"<IaRHO 3pa,n;iB, ,n;yMaiO"<IM rrpo 3acHyBaHH.H MOHaCTMp.H 0Tn;iB Pe,n;eMrrTopMcTiB B ABcTpil. IIpo u;e CB.HTMR TaK cKa3aB: "Bor, 6e3 cyMHiBy, rro,n;6ae, lll;06 "<Iepe3 HMX IIOliiMpMTM CB010 C.JiaBy B Kpa.HX, MaH.iKe rroKMHYTMX 3 -qacy po3IIylll;eHH.H l.JMHY IcyciBn;iB. A.rre IXH.H Mici.H 6y,n;e Bi,n;MiHHa Bi,n; HaliiOlj cepe,n; .JI10TepaH i Ka.JibBiHiCTiB, Mi.iK .HKMMM BOHM 6y,n;yTh rrpaiJ;IOBaTM, KaTeXi3aiJ;i.H 6y,n;e 6i.Jiblii rroTpi6Ha, Him rrporroBi,n;yBaHH.H. Ti .n;o6pi CB.Hill;eHMKM 3po6.JI.HTh Be.JIMKY crrpaBy".

IIic.JI.H 3aKiH"<IeHH.H HOBin;i.HTY ,n;Box aBcTpiRChKMX .n;py3iB 1785 poKy 6y.JIO BMCB.H"<IeHO Ha CB.Hill;eHMKiB. IIl;e TOrO CaMoro poKy BOHM BepHy.JIMC.H .n:o Bi,n;H.H 3 ,n;yMK010 3acHyBaTM TaM MOHaCTMP 0Tn;iB Pe,n;eMrrTopMcTiB. Ta ocKi.JihKM i:MrrepaTop :H:ocM<P II cKacyBaB y TOR -qac TMC.H"<Ii MOHaCTMpiB iHrnMx l.JMHiB, TO 3acHyBaHH.H MOHaCTMP.H y Bi.n;Hi CTa.JIO crrpaBoro Ma:iime HeMO.iK.JIMBoro. ToMy Ha .n;opy-qeHH.H HacTO.HTe.JiiB l.JMHY BOHM BM6pa.JIMC.H Ha MiciRHY rrpau;ro .n;o Kyp.JI.HH,n;il (TerrepirnH.H JlaTBi.H). )J;opororo 3ycTpi.JIM BOHM cBoro ,n;aBHhoro rrpM.HTe.JI.H IIeTpa KyHIJ;MaHa, .HKMR .iKMB nycTMHHMKOM y TiBo.Jii i B TOR -qac np116yB Ha npolll;y .n;o Ko.JioHil. Ko.JIM IleTpo ,n;oBi,n;aBc.H, lll;O Roro .n;almi no6paTMMM CTa.JIM pe,n;eMIITOpMCTaMM, TO Te.iK 3a6a.iKaB HMM CTaTM, a.Jie He .HK CB.Hill;eHMK, a .HK 6paT-MOHax. TaKMM qMHOM BiH cTaB neprnMM HOBMKOM pe,n;eMIITOpMCTOM y TMX Kpa.HX. Ilic.JI.H TOrO BCi pa30M BMPYliiM.JIM B .n;opory .n;o BaprnaBM. TaM lx .JiacKaBo npMRH.HB rranchKMH HyHu;iM:, Bi,n;,n;aBrnM 1M ,n;.JI.H lxHhOI npau;i u;epKBY cB. BeHHM. B MicTi 6y.Jio Ki.JihKa TMC.H"<I HiMn;iB, .HKi nic.JI.H po3nycKy l.JMHY 0Tn;iB IcyciBn;iB He Ma.JIM cBoro CB.Hill;eHMKa, lll;O 3HaB 611 lxHro pi,n;Hy MOBY. MaiO"<IM Be.JIMKe 6amaHH.H 3aTpMMaTM 0Tn;iB Pe,n;eMrrTopMcTiB y BaprnaBi, HyHu;iM: HanMcaB .JIMCTa .n;o PMMa 3 rrpoxaHH.HM, lll;06 o6oM CB.Hill;eHMKaM MO.iKHa 6y.Jio nonpau;roBaTM y BaprnaBi. Po3IIO"<IMHa10"<IH CB010 npau;ro TaM 0Tu;i Pe,n;eMnTopHCTH He Ma.JIH HaBiTI>..Jii.iKOK: CB.Hill;eHMKH CIIa.JIH Ha IIi,ll;.JI03i, a 6paT Ha Kpic.Jii. He Ma.JIH B "<IOMY 3BapHTM co6i !my; II03H"<IHBliiH co6i TpoxM KyxoHHoro nocy.n;y, o. K.JIHMeHTiif 6yB 3a Kyxap.H, 6o 6paT

319

15 6epe3HH

IIeTpo Ha TOMY aoBciM He aHaBcH. A rrpau;JOBa.JUI Ha,IJ;aBIPiaMHO 6araTo, 6o y BaprnaBi "Bee 6yJio airrco"BaHe", HK roBopiiB CB. KJIIIMeHTiM. IIeprni CBOI rrpoiioBi,IJ;i 0Tu;i Pe,IJ;eMrrTopiiCTII BIIroJioruyBaJIII Ha BYJIIIu;Hx; KOJIII m BJia,IJ;a aa6opoHIIJia nporroBi,IJ;yBaTII noaa MypaMII u;epKOB, BCH lXHH ,IJ;YIIIIIaCTIIpCbKO-MicioHepCbKa rrpau;H aocepe,IJ;IIJiacH B u;epKBi cB. BeHHII, ~o cTaJia ocepe,IJ;KOM 6eanepepBHOl Micii:, HKa TpiiBaJia 22 pOKII (1787-1809 pp.).

BcH rrpiiTHraJihHa cnJia Kpacn u;epKOBHOI 6orocJiym6n M MY3IIKII cTamr xapaKTepHOIO oaHaKoiD u;epKBII 0Tu;iB Pe,IJ;eMrrTopncTiB. HaBiTh rrpychKi rrpoTecTaHTChKi BiMCbKOBIIKII M ypH,IJ;HIIKII IlpliXO,ll;IIJIII IIO,ll;MBMTMCH Ha 8BxapMCTiMHY JKepTBy, IIOCJiyXaTM nporroBi,IJ;i o. KJIMMeHTiH. ,I:(Bepi CB. BeHHII 6yJIM Bi,IJ;lfMHeHi ,IJ;o rriaHboi: Hotii. Ycnix IXHboi: rrpau;i 6yB Ha,IJ;aBIItfaMHMM. BaprnaBy 6yJio apyrneHo. I.U;opoKy B u;epKBi cB. BeHHM ,IJ;aBaJIM noHa,IJ; 100 000 CB. IlpMtiaCTb: JllO,IJ;eM, HKi 6ama.Jm IlpliMHHTII CB. TaMHY IIoKaHHHH, 6yJio ,IJ;yme 6araTo. II' HTb HayK BMroJiornyBaJIM CBH~eHMKli KO-'KHOrO ,ll;HH: Tpli- IIOJibCbKOIO M ,IJ;Bi- HiMell;bKOIO MOBaMII, 60 CB. KJIMMeHTiM XOTiB IIOCJIY-'KMTII BCiM, ~0 IIOTpe6yBa.Jili ,IJ;YXOBHOl IIO-'KMBM. Y TOM qac 6yJio rrepe,IJ;aHo 1M rapHy u;epKBY cB. XpecTa. Ilpau;H MiCiOH~piB 6yJia HaropO,IJ;-'KeHa HaBepHeHHHM ,IJ;eHKMX IIpOTeCTaHTiB, a o. KJIMMeHTiM MaB ycrrix y HaBepHeHHi iy,IJ;ei:B. ilOCTiMHi BiMHli CIIplitiMHMJIII BeJIMKY Hym,IJ;y, Bi,IJ; HKOl HaM6iJihrne TepniJIR ,IJ;iTM. CB. KJIMMeHTiM aacHyBaB 6iJIH u;epKBM cnpoTMHeu;b, ,IJ;e aHe,IJ;oJieHMX ,IJ;iTeM ro,IJ;yBaJIM, O,IJ;HraJIM, BtiMJIM M BMxoByBaJIM. Ha yTpMMaHHH cMpOTIIHil;H Tpe6a 6yJio a6MpaTM rromepTBM. KoJIM O,IJ;Horo ,IJ;HH CB. KJIMMeHTiM aaMIIIOB ,IJ;O IIIMHKy, ,IJ;e rpaJIM B KapTII, M rrorrpocnB MMJIOCTIIHi, O,IJ;MH ia KapTHpiB IIJIIOHYB MOMY B JIMu;e. CB. KJIMMeHTiM o6TepcH i crroKiMHO Bi,IJ;IIOBiB: "l.J;e 6yB ,D;ap ,ll;JIH MeHe; Tenep nporny ,IJ;aTM ~e ~OCb ,IJ;JIH Moi:x y6orMx ,IJ;iTeM". IJ;i cJioBa M BeJIMKa TepneJIMBiCTb CBHTOrO CIIpaBMJili TaKe CliJibHe BpameHHH Ha rpaBu;iB, ~0 BCi rrpMcyTHi o6,IJ;apyBaJIM Moro BeJIIIKOID MIIJIOCTMHeJO, a TOM, ~o 3HeBamiiB Moro, ~lipO HaBepHyBCH i CTaB IIOCTiMHMM KaHHHIIKOM CB. KJIIIMeHTiH. 3aB,IJ;HKII CBOlM HeBTOMHiM Ta ycniiiiHiM rrpau;i CB. KJIIIMeHTiM CTaB HaM6iJibiii IIIaHOBaHOlO, a BO,ll;HOtfaC i HaM6iJibiii HeHaBMCHOIO oco6mo y BaprnaBi. BiH, HK i Bci BeJIMKi JIIO,IJ;II, He aBamaB Ha Te, aJie MOrO 6oJiiJIO, ~0 HaBiTb y "lJMHi He 3HaXO,ll;MJia p03yMiHHH Moro HeBTOMHa npau;H; a Moro cni:s6paTM po6IIJIM aaKM,IJ;, ~o BiH 3aHe,IJ;6ye rOJIOBHe B MOHaiiiOMy -'KliTTi - ,IJ;YX BHyTpiiiiHbOrO mMTTH M MOJIMTBM. IJ;e 6yJio BeJIMKOID HenpaB,IJ;OJO, 6o caMe npo

320

15 6epe3HI'l

nHyTpimHe jfUITT.H en. KmrMeHTiif ,n;6an .HKHaii6iJihme; rrocTapancsr rrpo Te, :w;o6 Honiu;isrT 6yn ,n;aJieKo ni,n; MiChKoro raMopy.

Cn. KJIHMeHTiii 路 3acHynan mKoJiy ,n;Jisr IOHaKiB, y .HKiM BOHH op;epmyBaJIH ,n;o6pe BHXOBaHH.H, a BO,li;HOtiaC i JiaCKY IIOKJIHKaHHSI ,li;O qepHetiOrO CTaHy. ,Il;JI.H ,n;iBtiaT-IIi,n;JiiTKiB Bi,n;KpHBaB OKpe~i IIpOMHCJIOBi illKOJIH, p;e BOHH MaJIH MO)KJIHBiCTb HaBtiHTHC.H qecHOIO rrpau;e10 3apo6JISITH Ha rrpomHTOK. YTpHMynaTH TaKi mKOJIH en. KJinMeHTieni ,n;orroMaraJio 3acHonaHe HHM rro6omHe TOBapHCTBO CBiTChKHX JIIO,ll;eM. ApxiMaH,n;pisr 0Tu;in Pe,n;eMIITOpHcTiB y PHMi pa,n;iJia 3 ycrrixin rrpa:u;i cno'ix MicioHepin y Bapmani i 1793 poKy rrpH3HatiHJia o. KJIHMeHTisr o,n;HHM 3 foJIOBHHx HacTO.HTeJiiB "llnHy. Cn. KJIHMeHTiii rroqan BHCHJiaTH MicioHepin ,n;o KypJisrH,n;i'i, HiMetitiHHH M: IIIneM:u;api'i 3acHonynaTH TaM MOHaCTHpi, aJie qepe3 6opoTh6y 3 peJiirielO y THX Kpasrx 3MymeHi 6yJIH i:x 3aKpHTH. Ha 21 po:u;i T.HmKOl M IIOCTiMHOI rrpau;i IIOMep TOBapHm o. KJIHMeHTisr o. fl06JI, 3apa3HBillHCh ni,n; iTaJiiMChKOro nosrKa rri,n; qac 0JIHBOIIOMa3aHH.H. 0. KJIHMeHTiii aMymeHHM 6yn Heaa6apoM rroKHHYTH cnoro rrpau;ro y Bapmani. KoJIH HarroJieoH CKaCyBaB yci qepHetii "lJHHH, 20 qepBH.H 1808 poKy MiCiOHepiB BHBe3JIH ,n;o Tnep,n;nHi KrocTpHH Ha,n; pitiKOIO ,Il;panoro. TaM BOHH IIpo6yJIH TiJihKH O,li;HH MiC.HI.I;h, 60 BJia,n;a, II06alifHBmH, I.IJ;O BOHH cno'iMH Ha6omHHMH rricH.HMH M: cnsrToro rrone,n;iHKOIO "HeraTHBHo" BIIJIHBalOTb Ha iHillHX B' .H3HiB i ,li;OBKOJIHillHiM Hapo,n;, BHpiillHJia Bi,li;IIYCTHTH IX, ,li;03BOJIHBillH KOmHOMY IIOBepTaTHC.H y CBOl pi,n;Hi Kpa'i. Cn. KJIHMeHTiii nn6pan co6i ,n;Jisr Maii6yTHho'i rrpau;i Bi,n;eHh, Hap;iiOtiHCh, I.IJ;O cynopi n;icapChKi 3aKOHH 6y,n;yTh CKaCOBaHi, i niH o,n;epmHTh ,n;o3BiJI Ha aaCHYBaHH.H MOHaCTHpsr 0Tu;in Pe,n;eMIITOpncTiB y CTOJIHU:i AncTpii:. Ha ancTpiM:chKOMY Kop,n;oHi iforo yn'sr3HHJIH ,n;pyrnM: pa3, aJie, npemTi, niH TaKH ,n;o6pancsr ,n;o Bi,n;Hsr, ,n;e rrponin Ha crraceHHiii rrpau;i :w;e 12 JiiT cnoro Tpy,n;oJII06Horo M: CB.HTOrO mHTT.H. CrrotiaTKY en. KJIHMeHTiii HerroMiTHO rrpau;ronan rroMitiHHKOM B iTaJiiMChKiii oKpy3i Bi,n;Hsr; aJie cKopo apxierrHcKorr rrpH3HatiHB M:oro ,n;yxiBHHKOM CecTep YpmyJI.HHOK Ta yrrpannTeJieM 'ixHhOI u;epKBH. TaM niH Man 3Mory rrporroni,n;ynaTH, crroni,n;aTH i BHKOHyBaTH BCIO p;ymrraCTHpCbKY rrpau;ro; CKOpO 3 HOBOl Pep;eMIITOpHCTChKOl CTaHHI.I;i IIOIIJIHB CTpyM HOBOrO KaTOJIHI.I;bKOrO )KHTT.H rro BChOMY Bi,n;HIO. ,Il;o crroni,n;aJihHHU:i en. KJIHMeHTisr rrpHxo,n;HJIH He TiJihKH rrpocTi Jiro,n;n, ane M: ,n;epmanHi MiHicTpH Ta rrpo!PecopH yHinepcnTeTy. O,n;HH 3 mHTTerrncu:in en. KJIHMeHTisr HarrHcan rrpo TOM qac: "'~iJihKH CHJIOIO tiHCTOl CB.HTOCTi BiH 3p;o6yn C06i TaKy rronary cepe,n; cyqacHHKin, ~o Ha Hhoro ,n;HBHJIHcsr srK Ha

321

1~

oepe3HH

BM:pa3HM:Ka My,n:pOCTi SIK y IIOJiiTM'IHOMy, TaK i B HayKOBOMY CBiTi". 3aCJiyrOlO CB. KJIMMeHTiSI Ta iforo K~SIHHM:KiB, Mim SIKHMH 6yB KHSI3h Jiro,n:oBiK BaBapcbKHH, 6yno Te, w;o Ha Bi,n:eHChKOMY KoHI'peci 1815 poKy He 6yJia CTBopeHa Hapo,n:Ha HiMeJJ;bKa n;epKBa, HeaaJiemHa Bi,n: IIarrH. KnMMeHTiif apo6HB 6araTo ,n:o6pa aa ,n:onoMormo rrpecM. Ane roJIOBHMM :Horo a,n:o6yTKOM 6yJio aacHyBaHHSI KaTOJIHJJ;hKOl KOJier'il, 3 .HKOl BHHillJIO 6araTO ,n:o6pHX CBSIID;eHHKiB, a TaKOJK CBiTChKHX JIIO,O:eH, SIKi 3rO,ZWM 3aHHSIJIH rrepe,n:oBe CTaHOBHID;e B pi3HHX c<}Jepax cycrriJihHOro mHTTSI. BaraTo mo6oBi BHSIBJISIB cB. KJIHMeHTiif xBopMM, SIKHX BiH oxo'le Bi,n:Bi,n:yBaB; 2 000 yMHpaJO'IHM .D:YXOBHO IIOCJIYJKHB Ha CMepTHiH IIOCTeJii. fioro KJIHKaJIH ,0:0 6araTHX i B60rHX, i BiH HiKOJIH He Bi,O:MOBJISIB y .D:YXOBHHX nocnyrax, xo'l 'laCTO Tpe6a 6yno i:xaTH B HaH,O:aJihmi rrepe,n:MiCTSI Bi,n:HSI. Xo'l cB. KnHMeHTi:H po6HB nro,n:srM TiJihKH ,n:o6po, :Horo 'lacTo nepecni,n:yBaJIH. To :HoMy aa6opoHSIJIH nponoBi,ll;yBaTH; iHmHM pa30M 3BHHyBaTHJIH iforo y illTIHryHCTBi: Ha'le6TO BiH ,O:OHOCHTb PHMY rrpo Bee, w;o ,n:ieThCSI B ,n:epmaBi. ABcTpi:HcbKHH KaH:u;nep ,n:oMaraBcsr, w;o6 cB. KnHMeHTisr rrporHaTH 3 ABcTpii:, o,n:HaK <l>paH:u;icK I, Hacni,n:HHK Mocmpa II, 3HaJO'IH npo Hhoro Bi,n: Bi,n:eHObKoro apxienHcKorra :H IIanH IIisr VII TiJihKH xopome, He TiJihKH aa6opoHHB rrepecni,n:yBaTH 0Tn;iB Pe,n:eMnTopHcTiB, ane ,n:aB Ha,n:iro cB. KJIHMeHTiro Ha o<}>in;i:HHe BH3HaHHSIIXHhoro lfHHy. roJIOBHi 6amaHHSI CBSITOro 6yJIH CIIOBHeHi: KaTOJIHIJ;hKa Bipa aaKpinHnac.H B CTOJIHJJ;i ABcTpii: i lfHH OT:u;iB Pe,n:eMTITOpHcTiB MaB O,O:epmaTH o<}>in;iifHe TIOTBep,n:meHHSI Ha HiMeiJ;hKHX TepeHaX. ,IJ;o a,n:iifcHeHHSI :u;Hx Ha,n:i:H cB. KJIHMeHTiif He ,n:omHB, ane BiH MaB 6H 6yTH aa,n:oBoJieHHH cBoero rrpa:u;ero. IIpo :u;e BiH o,n:Horo paay CKa3aB: "CnpaBH Hamoro lfHHY 6y,n:yTh IIOJia,n:HaHi am IIiCJISI MOei: CMepTi, 6y,O:bTe TeprreJIHBi H Ha,n:iifTeCSI Ha Bora. flK TiJihKH Bi,O:,O:aM CBOrO ,n:yxa, 6y,n:eTe MaTH rrpe,O:OCTaTHhO MOHaCTHpiB".

Mora npopon;TBO cKopo cnoBHHJiocsr.

IIi,n: KiHen;h 1819 poKy cB. KJIHMeHTi:H BamKo aaHe,n:ymaB, O,O:HaK He KHHyB CBOel anOCTOJibCbKOl npa:u;i. 9 6epe3HSI, He3BamaJO'IH Ha 3aBiproxy, TiiillOB ,0:0 iTaJiiHCbKOl n;epKBH Bi,n:npaBHTH noMHHaJibHY CJiym6y Bomy aa o,n:Hy KHSirHHJO, CBOIO p;o6po'IHHHH:u;ro. IIi.n: 'lac Cnym6H Bomoi: Mana He 30MJiiB. BepHyBmHch rricnsr 6orocnym6H ,n:o,n:oMy, nir y nimKo, 3 SIKora Bme He ni,n:HsrBcsr. IIicnsr mecTH ,n:HiB, B npHCYTHOCTi 6araTbOX cBoi:x npHsrTeJiiB, Bi,n:,n:aB cB. pe,n:e~rrTopHCT y Bomi pyKH CBOJO rrpaBe,n:Hy ,n:ymy. Becb Bi,n:eHb BHlimoB Ha BYJIH:u;i Bi,n:,n:aTH 'leCTh CB. KJIHMeHTieBi, HOrO ,O:OMOBHHY BHHOCHJIH 12 HaifyJIJ06JieHiillHX

322

16 6epe3HSI ytiHiB CBHToro "<Iepe3 roJIOBHi ,n;Bepi Bi,n;eHCbKoi: KaTe,n;pH, HKi Bi,ll;"<IHHHIOTb TiJibKH 3 Haro,n;H Ha,ll;3BH"<IaHHHX IIO,n;iii:.

KomunHiii: Bi,n;eHCbKHii MOJIO,n;Hii: rrycTHHHHK, rrperro,n;o6HHii: oTe:u;b KJIHMeHTiii:, rroKHHYB rroJie CBoei: rrpa:u;i, 3aJIHIIIHBIIIH :rdcJIH ce6e 45 CBHID;eHHKiB, ,n;yXOBHHX CHHiB CB. AJib<lJOHCa, HKi MicioHepcTBOM 3aKpirrJIJOBaJIH Ta rroiiiHPJOBaJIH Bo.me I..J;apcTBO B ABcTpil, lloJibiiJ;i ii: IliBeii::u;apiL 16 6epe3HH

CB.HTI CABIIH I TIATIA Y enmeTCbKOMY MiCTi €pMOIIOJii lliHB CJiaBHFIH My.m, KHH3b Taro MicTa CaBHH. KoJIH ,Z:I;ioKJieTiaH rro"<IaB rrepecJii,n;yBaTH XpHCTHHH, BiH IIOKHHYB CBOIO rroca,n;y, pi,n;HJO, Ma8TOK i 3 KiJibKOMa xpHCTHHHaMH rrepeii:IIIOB IIOTaHKH B O,ll;He CeJIO, ,n;e nepeXOByBaBCH B Hy.m,n;eHHiii: XaTHHi, ,n;Hi H HO"<Ii rrpOBO,ll;H"l!H y MOJIHTBi H IIOCTi. ,1];oBrO myKaJIH ii:oro rroraHH, a.m O,ll;HH 6i,n;HHK, HKOMY CaBHH ,n;aB MHJIOCTHHIO, 3pa,n;HB cBoro ,n;o6po"<IHHI.l;H i rroKa3aB norrumM 3a ,n;Ba 30JIOTi Mic:u;e ii:oro rrepe6yBaHHH. To,n;i ITOraHH o6CTYIIHJIH XaTy, BHBa.mHJIH ,ll;Bepi, a ~BHHa 3 6 iHIITHMH XpHCTHHHaMH 3aKyBaJIH B Kaii:,n;aHH Ta Bi,n;BeJIH Ha cy,n; HaMiCHHKa ApiaHa. BiH HaKa3aB CaBHHa MytiHTH pi3HHMH crroco6aMH, aJie KOJIH no6a'IHB, w;o cB. My"<IeHHK HerroxHTHHii y XpHcToBiii: Bipi, 3BeJiiB yTonHTH ii:oro B pi:u;i HiJI rrpH6JIH3HO 305 poKy. Pa3oM 3 CaBHHOM npocJiaBHJIH XpHcTa MytieHHI.l;bKOIO cMepTro i ii:oro II06paTHMH, Mi.m HKHMH - CB. My"tJ:eHHK llarra.

16 6epe3HH

CB.HTI MY"IJEHIIKH KAHA,ll;CbKI :/Kruc KapTbe i CaMiii:Jio IllaMrrJieH, rrpH6yBIIIH 3 <PpaH:u;ii: ,n;o KaHa,n;H y XVI cTopi"<I"<Ii, cTapaJIHCH rrpHw;errHTH B HOBiii: Kpai:Hi cB. XpHCTOBY Bipy, o,n;HaK i:xHi crrpo6H He MaJIH ycrrixy. 3ro,n;oM, Ha 6a.maHHH <tJpaHI.l;Y3bKOro KOpOJIH reHpixa IV' BHlXaJIH ,n;o KaHa,n;H ,n;Ba CBHID;eHHKH icyciB:u;i, BiHp,n; i Macce, HKi rro"<IaJIH CBOIO IIpa:u;ro cepe,n; iH,n;iaHCbKOrO IIJieMeHi cypOKBOlB y CbOro,n;HiiiiHiii: H. liiOTJiaH,n;il. IIJ;o6 BHB"'IHTH lXHIO MOBy, O. BiHp,n; mHB 3 iH,n;iaH:u;HMH B Jiici, a o. Macce 3aJIHIIIHBCH B Micifmiii: CTaHHI.l;i =\ KiJibKOMa cypOKBOHMH, CTapaiO"tJ:HCb rrepeii:HHTH Bi,n; HHX Heo6xi,n;HHH 3anac CJiiB. "tfepe3 piK 06H,n;Ba CBHID;eHHKH 3HaJIH

323

16 6epe3HSI MOBY HaCTiJibKH, ~0 MOrm.f CKJI3CTFI KaTeXi3:WC i llO"l!aTFI H3B'I3TFI npaBp; CB. xpHCTOB01 Bipn. ExTeMiHFI, op;He 3 p;Box nJieMeH, cepep; .HKHX BOHH p03llO'IaJIH CBOIO npau;IO, BOpome llOCTaBFIJIFIC.H ,ll;O HOB01 peJiiril. CypOKB016yJIH 6iJihlll JIO.HJihHi, aJie y HFIX peJiiriii:Hi ITO'IYTT.H 6yJIFI Maftme Bip;cyTHi: BCi BOHFI ITFI.H"lJFIJIFI, 3aii:MaJIFICb "llapiBHFIII;TBOM Ta lliFIJIFI B 6araTOllieHCTBi. 3rop;OM IlpH6yJIFI Ha rrip;Mory MicioHepaM ru;e p;Ba CB.HIII;eHFIKFI M 6paT-MOHRX. Op;HaK 1613 poKy op;FIH aHrJiiii:ChKlrii MOpCbKFIM rripaT, KarriTaH TOproBeJibHOrO KOpa6JI.H, o6cTpiJIHB 3 MOpS!: Miciii:Hy CTaHHII;IO, rrorpa6yBaB ii: po3irHaB 11 MeiiiKaHII;iB, cepep; .HKHX 6yB o. Macce, a o. BiHp,n;a ii: o. KeHTeHa 3a6paB 3 co6oro p;o Bipp;miHiL MicioHepFI p;icTaJIFICH 3rop;oM .n;o «l>paHu;il, aJie rrpau;.H cepep; iHp;iaHu;iB 6yJia rrepepBaHa. KoJIFI IllaMrrJieH cTaB yrrpaBFITeJieM "HoB01 «l>paHu;i1", 3a ii:oro cTapaHHHM rrpFI6yJio 1615 poKy .n;o KaHa,n;FI KiJILKa 0TII;iB <f>paHII;iCKaHII;iB, aJie CB. MYqEHMKM KAHA,D;CbKI BOHFI He MaJIFI .n;ocTaTHbO JIIO,D;e:i1: i rpoiiieM ,D;JISI HaBepHeHHSI iHp;iaHII;iB, TOMy rrpOCHJIFI ,ll;OIIOMOrFI 0TII;iB JcyciBII;iB. I.IJ.e TOrO CaMOrO poKy rrpn6yJIFI TPH CB.HIII;eHHKH icyciBu;i p;o KBe6eKy; caMe To.n;i iH.n;iaHChKi Kyrru;i B6FIJIFI 6paTa BiHJI.H Ta ii:oro IIOMi'IHFIKa, BKFIHYBliiFI 'ix y rroTiK CoJIT-o-PeKOJIJieT. C~pe,n; Tpbox HOBorrpFI6yJIHX MicioHepiB 6yB Bi.n;oMFIM HaM o. Macce E: .n;Ba HOBi, o. IBaH Bpe6e<P i o. JlaJIMaH. 0. Bpe6e<P MaB ,n;yme cJia6e 3,nopoB'SI, a.'le 3aB,n;HKFI Bomiii: Jiacu;i ii: BJiacHiii: CFIJii BOJii BiH ynpo.n;oBm KiJihKOX JiiT cTaB TaKFIM BFITpHBaJIFIM .n;o Haii:6iJihmFix Tpy.n;Horu;iB ii: Bi.n;BamHFIM cepep; YCSIKFIX He6e3IIeK, III;O CaMi iH,D;iaHII;i ,ll;FIBYB3JIFICH ftoro CFIJii p;yxy, a KOJIH 3aMy-qHJIH ftoro, TO IIHJIH CB.HIII;eHFIKa KpOB, ru;o6 CKpiiiHTH ce6e CFIJIOIO CB. My-qeHFIKa. CBoiO rrpau;ro po3IIO'!aB o. Bpe6e<P Mim aJibr'OHKBiHaM:~-~; BFIB"l!aiO"lJFI 1XHIO MOBY M 3BFI"l!al cepe.n; HeBFiro.n;, 6pyp;y, a "l!aCTO i roJio,n;y.

324

16

6epe3H~

He3a6apoM BH6paJHICH o. Bpe6ecp 3 icycim::~;eM i cppaH:u;icKaH:u;eM ,n;o rmeMeHi rypoHiB. I..U;o6 ,n;icTaTHCH ,n;o HHX Tpe6a 6y;ro rro,n;oJiaTH 600 MHJib ,n;oporH. IImwH 'IOBHaMH; a;re 35 pa3iB MyciJIH BHT.HraTH 'ix 3 BO,ll;H ii rrepeT.HraTH no cyiiii, a, KpiM TQI'o, HeCTH B pyKaX yci CBOl peqi. KOJIH MicioHepH llpHOYJIH Ha Mic:u;e rrpH3HatieHHH, rro6paTHMiB o. Bpe6ecpa HeB,n;OB3i Bi,n;KJIHKaJIH B iHIIIe Mic:u;e, i BiH O,ll;HH aaJIHIIIHBC.fl Ha MiCiOHepCbKiH rrpa:u;i Mim rypoHaMH, HKi MeHIIIe MaH,n;pyBaJIH 3 Mic:u;H Ha Mic:u;e ii ,n;aBaJIH 6iJibiiie Ha,n;ii: Ha rrpHHHHTTH CB. BipH. JKHTTH o. Bpe6ecpa 6y;ro TaM Ha,ll;3BH'IaHHO CKJia,n;He. IH,n;iaH:u;i IIOCTiHHO BBamaJIH iioro BHHHHM y BCiX Hem;aCHHX BHIIa,n;KaX, Ha,ll;3BH'IaHHO OOHJIHC.fl CB. xpecTa Ha,n; IIIaTpoM o. Bpe6ecpa. Y Toil qac BiH He HaBepHyB mo,n;Horo iH,n;iaH:u;H ,n;o XpHcToBo'i BipH. THM qacoM aHrJiiii:u;i aaiiHHJIH KaHa,n;y i rrpHMYCHJIH IllaMrrJieHa a,n;aTHCH. IIoceJieH:u;i ii MicioHepH MYCHJIH BepTaTHCH ,n;o cBoi:x KpalB. Am KOJIH IllaMIIJieH BHrpaB crrpaBy B JIOH,ll;OHCbKOMY cy,n;i, KaHa,n;a 3HOBY rri,n;rra;ra 1632 poKy rri,n; BJia,n;y ¢1paH:u;y3iB. To,n;i 3HOBY rrpH6yJIH OT:u;i <l>paH:u;icKaH:u;i ,n;o KaHa,n;H; a paaoM 3 HHMH OT:u;i IcyciB:u;i: 0. meH - HaCTOHTeJib Micii:, 0. AHTOH ,[(aHb8Jib, o. Bpe6ecp i o. Macce. 0. JKeH, HKHH 3aMoJio,n;y HaBepHyBcH ,n;o KaTOJIHD;bKOl BipH, OyB JIIO,ll;HHOIO Ha,ll;3BH'IaUHHX TaJiaHTiB i ,n;a;reKorJIH,n;HHX rrorJIH,n;iB. BiH BBamaB MiciiO :B~aHa,n;i crrpaBoiO KO)KHOrO KaTOJIHKa y <l>paH:u;i'i. 0. jf\eH IIOCHJiaB ,ll;O <l>paHD;il IIOCTiHHi BiCTi, OIIHCYIO'IH Kpai:Hy H iH,n;iaHD;iB, cepe,n; HKHX rrpa:u;IOBaJIH OT:u;i lcyciB:u;i. ~eii "BicHHK OT:u;iB lcyciB:u;iB" p030Y,ll;HB He TiJibKH y <l>pa:Ei:u;i'i, aJie H y BCiH €Bporri BeJIHKe 3a:u;iKaBJieHHH KaHa,n;oiO. BHac;ri,n;oK :u;horo rroqaJIH rrpHi:m,n;maTH TY,ll;H 6araTO IIOCeJieHD;iB 3 €BpOIIH, cepe,n; HKHX - MOHaJSH H MOHaXHHi, HKi rrpaD;IOBaJIH He TiJihKH Mim iH,n;iaHD;HMH, aJie H Mim HOBHMH IIOCeJieHIJ;HMH. rypoHH, rrpHOYBIIIH ,n;o KBe6eKy :H: 3YCTpiBIIIH TaM 0. Bpe6ecpa, 6yJIH pa,n;i Tiii aycTpiqi ii aarrpoiiiyBaJIH :H:oro ,n;o ce6e. HacTyrrHoro poKy TPH CBHID;eHHKH- Bpe6ecp, ,[(aHheJih i ,[(apocT- BH6paJIHCH 3i CBOlMH iH,n;iaHChKHMH IIpOBi,ll;HHKaMH ,ll;O rypoHiB. IJo,n;opom OyJia Ha,ll;3BH'IaHHO HeB,n;a;ra: IIpOBi,ll;HHKH OOiKpaJIH MiCiOHepiB, IIOKHHYJIH lX Ha ,n;opo3i, i BOHH MYCHJIH CaMi IIIyKaTH rypOHChKOrO rroceJieHHH. KoJIH ,n;o6paJIHCH ,n;o HHX, iH,n;iaH:u;i rrocTaBHJIH 1M xaTy. CBoiO rrpa:u;IO o. Bpe6ecp po3IIO'IaB 3 HaBtiaHHH cBoi:x TOBapHIIIiB iH,n;iaHChKOl MOBH. 0. ,[(aHb8Jih pOOHB ,ll;OCHTh ,ll;OOpHH irOCTyii, TaK IIJ;O HeB,n;OB3i Mir yme BeCTH HayKy KaTeXi3HCY 3 ,n;iThMH ii ooiBaTH 3 HHMH "0Ttie Haiii" Ha 3i6paHHHX y i:xHi:H: xaTHHi.

325

16 6epe3Hfl Peniri.H iH~iaHu;iB r'pyHTyBanac.H TiJihKR Ha no"llyTTi cTpaxy, u;e H BRKOpRCTaJIR MicioHepR y CBOIH Hayu;i. 0~ Bpe6ecp ITRCaB: "MR IIO"lJaJIR CBOIO KaTeXi3all;iiO Bi~ Tiel BamJIRBOl rrpaB~R, lll;O 1xHi 6e3cMepTHi ~yrni nicJI.H CMepTi ni~yTh a6o ~o paiO, a6o .n;o rreKJia. I no.HCHRJIR 1M, ru;o Bi~ HRX 3aJie.mRTh, .HKOIO 6y.n;e IXH.H Ma:i1:6yTH.H ~OJI.H".

KoJIR "tJepe3 nocyxy 3arpo3a rono~y HaBRcJia Ha.n; iH~iaHn;.HMR, a lXHi BOpom6RTR He MOrJIR lM Hi"lJRM ~OITOMO"M'""R, BOHR B~aJIRC.H .n;o o. Bpe6ecpa; BiH cKa3aB 1M MOJIRTRC.H, a caM rrpoKa3yBaB ~eB'.HTHRll;IO. To.n;i BrraB ru;e~pR:H ~om;, nociBR 6yJIR Bp.HTOBaHi. Ha iH~iaHn;iB u;e cnpaBRJIO BpameHH.H; ane 3ro~oM cTapi JIIO~R BepHyJIRC.H ,li;O CBOlX ~aBHiX noraHChKRX 3BR"lJalB, a MOJIO~i CTaJIR 6a:H~ymi ~o Bora. To~i MicioHepR BRpiiiiRJIR He xpRCTRTR HiKoro 3 JiiTHiX JIIO~eH 6e3 ~OBrOl nonepe~HhOl IIi~rOTOBKR H ~OKa3iB nocTiHHOCTi; TiJihKR BMRpaiO"lJRX xpRCTRJIR Bi.n;pa3y, a 1x 6yno .n;ocRTh "llepe3 "llacTi rrornecTi. ,r(iTR Kparu;e cnpR:i1::MaJIR :H 6iJihiiie po3yMiJIR Bomi npaB~R, o~HaK "l!epe3 3araJihHe rpirnHe mRTT.H Ma:Hme HeMomJIRBO 6yno B6eperTR i:x Bi~ rroraHoro npRKJia~y. ll.J,o6 3apa~RTR JIRXOBi, MiCiOHepR BRpiiiiRJIR 3aCHyBaTR }J,JI.H BRXOBaHH.H Mono.n;Rx iH~iaHn;iB Bi~rroBi.n;Hy ceMiHapiiO B KBe6eu;i.

CnpaBoiO ~HH.HBC.H o. ,r(aHhEJih, .HKRH 3 }J,BOMa .n;iThMR BR6paBC.H .n;o KBe6eKy, .n;e 6yB }J,JI.H HRX He TiJihKR 6aTbKOM, aJie :i1: Y"lJRTeJieM, oniKyHOM :i1: no6paTRMOM y 3a6aBax. 0. Bpe6ecp 3HOBY 3aJIRIIIRBC.H Mim iH.n;iaHn;.HMR caM; y TOH "'lac BiH HanRcaB Ha}J,3BR"llaHHO KOpRCHRH npaBRJibHRK }J,JI.H Ma:i1:6yTHiX MicioHepiB Mim rypoHaMR . .HKocb o. Bpe6ecp 6yB cBiJJ,KOM, .HK rypoHR BCIO Hi"ll MY"l!RJIR O}J,HOrO IIOJIOHeHoro 3 IIJieMeHi CBOlX 3aB3.HTRX BOporiB ipOKBOIB; o. Bpe6ecp oxpRCTRB :Horo nepe.n; cMepTIO, .n;o.n;aBaB :HoMy Bi}J,BarR cepe~ TepniHh, ane He Mir B6eperTR :Horo Bi.n; cMepTi. To.n;i BiH no6a"lJRB HaO"lJHO, lll;O iH}J,iaHn;i BMiiOTh 6yTR MCTRBRMR: CIIaJIIOIO"lJR CBOIO mepTBY mRBll;eM Ha llOBiJihHOMY BOrHi H JiaMaiO"lJR ii KOCTi, JiaCKaBO ITpOMOBJI.HJIR }1,0 Hel i HaBiTb neCTJIHBO o6i:HMaJIH. 0. Bpe6ecp 6yB To.n;i cBi}J,KOM Taro, ru;o KOJIHCh caM BHTepnHTb. Y 1636 pou;i .n;o KaHa.n;R np116yno Ha MiciiO ru;e n'.HTb icyciBu;iB, cepe.n; .HKRX - o. IcaaK JKor', .HKOMY cy.n;Rnoc.H cTaTR anocToJioM HOBOl iH~iaHCbKOl Han;il, H 0. fpaHiep. 0. JKor' - MaB TO}J,i 29, a o. fpaHiep 30 niT. HeB.n;OB3i nornecTh 3BaJIRJia 3 Hir 6iJihiiiiCTb MicioHepiB; aJie HaBiTb HeMi"lJHi, BOHR CIIiiiiRJIR Ha .n;orroMory He.n;ymRM iH.n;iaHn;.HM. Y 1&37 pou;i o . Bpe6ecp nRcaB .n;o cBoro apxiMaH.n;pRTa B PRM: "Hac oxo"tJe cnyxaiOTh, n;boro poKy MR oxpRCTRJIR noHa.n; 200 oci6, i Ma:Hme HeMa cena, .HKe

16 6epe3HR He 3anpornyBaJio .6 Hac p;o ce6e. KpiM Toro, n;R nornecTb 3po6:uJia HaC 6iJibllle Bip;OMHMH TOMY Hapop;oBi; HapernTi BOHH 3p03yMiJIH, ID;O MH npHHIIIJIH CIO)J;H He KynyBaTH IIIKypH ~H ru;e IIJ;OCiio, a TiJibKH HaB~aTH IX Ta p;6aTH npo 3p;opoB'R IXHix .n;yrn; Bip;KpHTH Te ru;acTR, ru;o TpHBaTHMe Bi~Ho". Op;HaK HeB,n;OB3i Bopom6HTH ayMiJIH nepeKOHaTH mop;e:il:, ru;o MicioHep:u - BHHyBaTn;i nomecTi. 28 ciJI Ha CTiiJibHift Hapap;i ocyp;HJIH lX RK IIIKi,ll.HHKiB. 0. Bpe6e<fJ nepeKOHJIHBO 060pOHRB ce6e H CBOIX no6paTHMiB rrepep; 3aKHp;aMH iHp;iaHII;iB, aJie, He3BamaKJ~H Ha Te, IX np:ucyp;HJIH )J;O CMepTi. To.n;i MicioHep:u npnroTyBaJIH 3BiT p;JIR o. apxiMaHp;pnTa OT:n;iB IcyciBn;iB y P:uMi, a nicJIR Toro o. Bpe6e<P 3anpoc:uB ycix iHp;iaH:n;iB Ha npom;aJibHY nepep;cMepTHY rocTHHY. Ha Hi:il: CBRru;eHHK BHrOJIOCHB lM TipOllOBip;b npo )KHTTR TiiCJIR CMepTi H TaK lX 3BOpyiiiHB, IIJ;O BOHH TipHHHRJIH ftoro 3a CBOrO H BH6paJIH Ha~aJib­ HHKOM, a ftoro no6paTHMiB 3aJIHIIIHJIH B CTIOKOIO. 3rop;OM CBRIIJ;eHHKll Bip;KpHJIH p;pyry MiciftHy CTaHHII;IO B iHIIIi:il: Mic:u;eBocTi, RKOKJ oniKyBaBcR o. JlaJIMaH, a o. Bpe6e<P nepe:il:rnoB .n.o Micn;eBocTi cB. Mici'i, ru;o cTaJia ocepe.n;KoM p;JI.H caMHX MicioHepiB Ta lXHiX llOMi~HHKiB, a TaKOm )J;JIR <fJpaHII;Y3bKHX BORKiB i po6iTHHKiB. Heaa6apoM a6yp;yBanH TaM JiiKapHIO, TBepp;HHKl H II;BHHTap. 3 Tid CTaHHII;i Bip;6ysaJIH MiCiOHepH B He6e3ne~Hi MaHp;piBKH )J;O iHp;iaHCbKHX UJieMeH, RKi 3BH~aHHO TIOBO)J;HJIHCR 3 HHMH p;yme BOpome.

Ilepmoro p;opocJioro iHp;iaH:n;R oxp:ucTHJIH MicioHepn 1637 poKy, T06To 103 pOKH niCJIR TOro, RK maK KapTbe Bnepiiie npo6yBaB 3anpoBap;HTH B KaHa.n;i xpHCTHRHCTBo! HacTynHoro pOKy OXpHCTHJIOCR 80 p;OpOCJIHX iHp;iaHII;iB, a 1641 poKy ---;- 60.

He 6yJio n;e 6araTo, op;HaK Ti xpHru;eHHR 6yJIH cBip;~eHHRM Toro, Ill;O HaBepHeHHR MO}f('JIHBe. 0. JlaJIMaH llHCaB 1639 pOKy B CBOeMy 3BiTi: "MH p;yme XOTiJIH 3HaTH, ~H MOmeMO MaTH Hap;iiO Ha HaBepHeHHR Tid KpalHH 6e3 TipOJIHBY KpOBi, a npHHaHMHi p;Ba MicioHepH, mar i Bpe6e<P, TIOCTiHHO npOCllJill Tiel JiaCKH - y~acTi B CJiaBi TepniHH.H a6o M~eHH:U:TBa".

Y 164 2 po:u;i nJieM' R rypoHiB TepniJio Bip; roJiop;y, Hep;yr i HeCTa~i Op;emi. €p;HHHM MiC:U:eM, p;e MOmHa 6yJIO ,ll.iCTaTH TIOTpi6Hi rrpnnacn, 6yB KBe6eK. Ty.n;n BH6paJiacR rpyna JIIO,n;e:il: nip; rrpOBO)J;OM 0. mora. 3aKyTIHBIIIH B KBe6eKy BCe He06Xi,ll.He, BepTaJiacR rypoHCbKa .n;pymnHa .n;o.n;oMy. A.n:e p;opororo HanaJIH Ha HHX ipOKBOl, 3aTRTi BOpOrH rypoHiB i HaH)J;HKiiiii 3 ycix iHp;iaHCbKHX TIJieMeH. 0. mora Ta ftoro IIOMi~HHKa, IIJ;O 3BaBCR PeHe fyrri.ftb, rroBaJIHJIH Ha aeMJIKl i 6HJIH i:x KYTHMH rraJIH:U:RMH H KyJiaKaMH, a TaKO)K IIOBHpHBaJIH lM BOJIOCCR, 6opop;H H HirTi, a rraJibii;i rrorrpo6nBaJIH :U:BRxaMH. OrricJIR aa6paJIH i:x 3 co6o10.

327

lb oepe3HR

fyniJih aarRHYB MyqeHRIJ;h:KOIO cMep-rio 1642.po:Ky aa Te, :r.n;o Ha KiJihKOX ,n;iT.HX 3po6RB pyi<.oro 3HaK cn. xpecTa. BiH BCTynRB y <l>paHn;il ,n;o MOHaCTRp.H 0TI~iB Icycinn;in, aJie nepHync.H ,n;o,n;oMy 'Iepe3 CJia6e 3,ll;OpOB' H; TO,ll;i BiH 3a:KiH'Il1B XipypriJo, BHlXaB ,!1;0 KaHa,D;H, ,n;e ,n;onoMaraB MicioHepaM, HacJii,D;yiO'IHi:xmo My»miCTh. 0. JKor' aaJIRIIIaBc.H B HeBoJii ipo:KBOlB. Bi,n; cMepTi Bp.HTynaB Moro o,n;RH rOJIJiaH,n;en;h, 3aB,n;.HKR .HKOMY o. :>:Kor' npR6yB 'Iepe3 AHrJiiiO ,n;o <PpaHn;il. TaM 3aB,D;.HKR MOMY 6araTo mo,n;eM 3BepHyJIH ynary Ha :KaHa,n;chKY MiciiO. Maro'IH yiiiKo,n;meHi naJihiJ;i, o. JKor', 3ri,n;Ho 3 :KaHoHi'IHHM rrpanoM, He Mir ni,n;npaBJI.HTR CJiym6n Bomol. KoJIH rrpo n;e ,n;oni,n;anc.H Ilarra Yp6aH VIII, TO ,ll;03BOJIHB MOMY Bi,n;npaBJI.HTR 6orocJiym6R, Ka:>KY'IR: "IJ,e 6yJio 6 Hecnpane,D;JIRBO, .H:K6R XpRCTOBRM MY'IeHRK He MaB npaBa nRTR XpHCTOBY Kpon".

0. JKor' y 1644 pon;i 3HOBy BH6panc.H ,n;o KaHa,n;H. Crro'IaTKY BiH npan;IOBaB Mim iH,n;iaHIJ;.HMR no6JIH3Y MicTa MoHpeaJI.H, :r.n;o CaMe TO,ll;i 6yJIO 3aCHOBaHe, aJie 3rO,D;OM 3a6amaB BepHyTRC.H ,!1;0 cBo1x rypoHiB; ,D;icTaTRC.H Ty,n;R 6yJio Bam:Ko, 6o mopcToKi ipo:KBoi: BeiiiTaJIRC.H B3,ll;OB:>K ,n;oporR. CaMe B TOM 'lac BOHR npRCJiaJIH .n;o ynpaBR KaHa,n;H rrocJiiB 3 nponoaRn;iero npRMHpeHH.H 3 ¢lpaHn;y3aMH. Ut.,ll; 'laC THX neperOBOpiB 0. JKor' ,D;Bi'Ii Bi,D;Bi,D;yBaB JIIOTHX ipOKBOlB i niCJI.H Y:KJia,n;eHH.H MHpy MaB Ha,n;iro BCTYITHTH ,ll;O HHX Ha MiciMHY rrpan;ro. O,n;Ha:K Hecrro,D;iBaHo 3aKiH'IHJiac.H Moro rrpan;.H Ha 3eMJii. BepTaiO'IHCh ni,n; nJieMeHi MoraBKiB ,D;O KBe6eKy, 3aJIRIIIHB TaM O,ll;HY C:KpHHh:KY 3 peJiiriMHHMH pe'IaMH, 60 HeB,ll;OB3i MaB BepHyTHC.H ,!1;0 HHX Ha rrpaii,IO. All:e TOrO poKy MOraBKH He MaJIH ,D;06poro BpO:>KaiO, a TaKO:>K JIIOTYBaJia ITOIIIeCTh. IlpH'IHHOIO THX He:r.n;aCTh BOHR BBa:>KaJIH ,ll;H.HBOJia, .HKHM Hatie6TO CH,D;iB y TiM cKpHHhiJ;i, .HKY 3aJIHIIIRB o. JKor'. KoJIH BOHH ,D;OBi,D;aJIHC.H, :l.IJ;O BiH TpeTiM pa3 36HpaeTbC.H ,ll;O HHX, 3aCiJIH Ha HhOrO KpaM ,ll;OpOrH, 3JIOBHJIH MOrO 3 0. JlaJiaH,ll;OM i rypoHCh:KRM npoBi,ll;HHKOM, 3,D;epJIH 3 o6ox MicioHepiB o,n;emy, 3Hy:l.IJ;aiO'IHCh Ha,D; HHMH, a ITOTiM 3a6pamt 3 C060IO .HK B'.H3HiB. 18 :>KOBTH.H 1644 poKy aarrpOCHJIH 0. :>:Kor'a Ha'Ie6TO Ha Be'Iepro, a KOJIH BiH BXO,ll;HB ,!1;0 rnaTpa, B6HJIH TOMaraB:KOM. OrriCJI.H ni,n;py6aJIH MOMY roJioBy i no'IenHJIR Ha naJii npH cTemn;i, .H:KOIO niH npHMIIIOB a Kne6e:Ky. HacTynHoro ,D;H.H noni.n;py6yBaJIH roJIOBR o. JlaJiaH.n;y M rypoHChKOMY rrponi,D;HHKOBi, a 1xHi TiJia KHHYJIH ,D;O pi'IKH. IIicJI.H cMepTi o. :>:Kor'a rrJieM' .H rypoHiB, m;o 6araTo Ha,D;il ITO:KJia,D;aJIO Ha MOrO MiciMHY rrpan;ro Mi:>K BOpO:>KHMH ipOKBO.HMH, ITO'IaJIH MaCOBO npHMMaTR XpHCTOllY Bipy; .H:K:l.IJ;O 6 MicioHepH MaJIH 6iJihiiie CITO:KiHHHX JiiT, yci rypOHH CTaJIH 6 XpHCTR.HHaMH. AJie ipOKBOl CTaJIH TOMY Ha nepeiii:KO,ZJ;i. BOHH ITO'IaJIH Hana.n;aTH

328

16 6epe3HSl

Ha rypoHchKi oceJii fl: pyfl:HyBaTH IX. 4 JIHIIH.H 1648 poKy Hecno.n;iBano no.HBHJIHC.H ipoKBOI B Mic:u;eBocTi TiHocTec, .n;e o. ,ll;aHhCJih TiJihKH-Ho cKiHq1fB CJiym6y Bomy. Yci .n;yme nepeJI.HKaJinc.H, 6o BCiM 3arpomyBaJia CMepTb. 0. ,lJ;aHbCJlh noqaB XpHCTHTH BCiX THX, .Hld He 6yJIH ru;e oxpnru;eHi. CB. Xpnru;eHH.H noqaJIH 6JiarflTM TaK 6araTo JilO)J;eH, ru;o o. ,lJ;aHhCJih MaKaB xycTMHKY B BO,ll;i fl: xpMcTMB ycix qepe3 KponneHH.H. KoJIM CB.HID;eHMK no6aqnB, ru;o ipOKBOI nepeMaralOTb rypOHiB, BiH noqaB XO,li;MTM Bi)J; XaTM ,li;O XaTM; XpMCTMTM Ta 3aoxoqyBaTM ,li;O BHTpH:BaJIOCTi THX CTapH:X i He,ll;ymHX iH)J;iaHIJ;iB, .HKHX BiH Hanepe,!J;O)J;Hi roTyBaB ,li;O CB. Xpnru;eHH.H. IIicJI.H Toro BepHyBc.H .n;o KanJin:u;i, .n;e 3acTaB 6araTo XpHCTH.HH; BiH HaKa3aB IM yTiKaTH, IIOKH C t.Iac, a CaM BHHIIIOB Ha3ycTpiq BoporaM. BoHH oToqMJIH fl:oro 3 ycix 6o:KiB i ,li;OTH CTpiJI.HJIH B HhOrO 3 JiyKiB, ,li;OKH BiH He BilaB MepTBHM 3 npoiiiHTHMH cTpinaMH rpy,ll;hMM. To.n;i BOHH CT.HrHy JIM 3 Hhoro o.n;emy, KHHYJIH TiJio .n;o :u;epKBH, .HKY ni.n;naJIHJIM. O.n;nH mHTTennce:u;h CKa3aB npo CMepTb 0. ,lJ;aHM:JI.H: "BiH He Mir 3HaHTH Kparu;oro KiHIJ;.H, Him y TiH nanaroqifl: KaiTJIHIJ;i".

16 6epe3H.H 1649 poKy Hanann ,li;HKi ipoKBOI Ha ocenro, .n;e npa:u;roBaJIH o. Bpe6e<P i o. JlanMaH (faBpHIJI JlanMaH, KOJIH CKJia.n;aB o6iTH B "llHHi 0TIJ;iB lcyciBIJ;iB y Ilapnmi, TO ,D;O TpbOX 3BnqaiiHnx o6iTiB: y6omecTBa, "<IHCTOTH H: 111'5cnyxy .n;o.n;aB ru;e qeTBepT.HH - IIOCB.HTHTH CBOC mHTT.H npa:u;i Mim iH,n;iaHIJ;.HMH. Ha CilOBHeHH.H CBOrO o6iTy qe:KaB 14 JiiT). MyRa THX ,li;BOX MicioHepiB 6yJia TaKa CTpaiiiHa, ID;O IIO)J;i6HOI ro,n;i 3HaHTH B mMTTcnncax iHmnx My"<IeHMKiB. Cno"<IaTKY HanacHMKM 3,n;epJIM 3 MicioHepiB o,n;emy H: no6HJIH IX naJIHIJ;.HMM. IlicJI.H Toro o. Bpe6e<P ,D;aJii 3aOXO"<IyBaB XpMCTM.HH, ID;O 6yJIM 6iJI.H HhOrO, TpMMaTHC.H CB. BipM am ,li;O CMepTi. To.n;i O,li;HOMy MiCiOHepoBi Bi,n;py6a.JIH )J;Bi pyKH, a noTiM o6ox npnniKaJIH noni,n; naxn, ,li;OBKOJia 6e,n;ep i no IIIHI p03ile"tJ:eHHMH y BOrHi COKMpaMH H CIIMCaMH Ta OilO.HCYBaJIH 3aMo"tJ:eHHMH B cMoJii fl: 3ananeHHMH no.HcaMH. Cepe.n; THx cTpaiiiHHX MYK o. JlanMaH ni)JHOCMB o"<Ii .n;o He6a H cepe,n; BamKHX 3iTxaHh npocHB y Bora noMo"<Ii, a o. Bpe6e<P MOB"<IaB, Haqe nepeMiHHBC.H B cKeJiro H: He Bi,n;t.IyBaB Hi.HKoro 6onro. 3ro,n;oM, Hi6H OT.HMHBIIIHCb, ITO"tJ:aB ilpOilOBi,ll;yBaTH ,D;O XpMCTH.HH i MY"tJ:HTeJiiB; To,n;i ,li;HKYHH aaTKHYJIH iioMy ycTa, Bi.n;piaann Hoca, noBMpMBaJIH ID;OKM, a IIOTiM ,D;JI.H BHCMi.HHH.H CB. XpHID;eHH.H 06JIMJili HOrO Ta HOrO no6paTHMiB-MY"tJ:eHMKiB KMII'.HTKOM. IloTiM 3 TiJI CB. MY"tJ:eHMKiB IIOBMKparoBaJIH KYCHi M' .HCa i cneKJIH IX Ha BOrHi, 3p06HJIM B rpy,n;.HX CB.HII~eHHKiB OTBOpM M IIOBMHMaJIH 3 HMX, iru;e mMBW:X, cep:u;.H, Ha6pamr Termoi KpoBi i 3po6HJIH co6i 3 Toro iH)J;iaHChKHH 6eHKeT ..•

329

17 6epe3Hfl Ili,n: KiHeD;h Toro caMoro poKy ipoKBOI Hooamr Ha Mic:u;eBiCTh, ,n:e npa:u;roBaB 0. apHiep. Komr rypomr IIO'lymr, r:u;o ipOKBOl HaCTyiiaiOTb Ha lXH€ CeJIO, BMftiiiJUi lM Ha3yCTpi'l, r:u;o6 BCTYIIMTM 3 HMMM B 6ift, aJie BOpOrM, ,n:i3HaBIIIMCb IIpO :u;e, o6MMHYJIM rypoHChKY o6opoHy :H: Hecno,n:iBaHo 3'.HBMJIMC.H B ceJii. KoJIM Bopor IIO'laB CBOIO mopCTOKY pi3aHMHy, 0. fapHiep, He3BamaiO'lM Ha CBOE: mMTT.H, CIIiiiiMB 3 MiCD;.H Ha Mic:u;e i ,n:aBaB CTapMM p03piiiieHH.H, a ,n:iTeft i OrJiaiiieHHMX XpMCTMB. Ili,n: 'laC TOrO O,ll;MH ipOKBOft IIpOCTpiJIMB ftoro ,ll;BOMa KYJI.HMM 3i CBOrO MYIIIKeTa. 3 OCTaHHiX CMJI BiH npo6yBaB r:u;e ,n:o6irTM ,n:o o,n:Horo BMMparo-qoro rypoHa a 6amaHH.HM ,n:aTM ftoMy OCTaHHIO ,n:yXOBHy IIOCJiyry, aJie IIiCJI.H Tphox 6e3ycnirnHMX cnpo6 BiH ynaB o6e3CMJieHM:i1:, nicJI.H -qoro ipoKBo:H: ,n:o6MB :H:oro coKMporo. KiJihKa HaBepHeHMX iH,n:iaH:u;iB IIOXOBaJIM ftoro IIOTiM TaM, ,n:e paHiiiie CTO.HJia KaiiJIMD;.H. KoJIM HacTO.HTeJii ,n:oBi,n:aJIMC.H npo cMepTb o. fapHiepa, TO Bi,n:pa3y Bi,n:KJIMKaJIM 3 Toro Mic:u;.H :H:oro no6paTMMa no npa:u;i o. HoeJI.H IIIaM6aHeJI.H. KoJIM BiH BMPYIIIMB y ,n:opory 3 KiJihKOMa rypoHaMM-XpMCTM.HHaMM, TO HeCIIO,n:iBaHO IIO'lYB KpMK ipOKBOlB. 0. IIIaM6aHeJib cKa3aB iH,n:iaHD;.HM BTiKaTM, Ta caM He MaB CMJIM 3p06MTM ft KpOKy. Ilpo ftoro ,ll;OJIIO ,ll;OBrO He 6yJIO Hi'lOrO Bi,n:OMO, am 3rO,Iij)M O,ll;MH 3 rypoHiB-Bi,n:CTYIIHMKiB IIpM3HaBC.H, ID;O B6MB Bomoro cJiyry 3 HeHaBHCTi ,n:o xpHCTH.HHChKOI BipM. 0. IIIaM6aHeJiro 6yJIO Tpy,n:HO 3BHKHYTM ,ll;O MiciOHepCbKOrO mHTT.H, BiH TaK i He Mir BHB'lHTH iH,n:iaHChKOl MOBH, IIpH3BH'lalTHC.H ,ll;O lXHiX Xap'liB, - BCe B HHX 6yJIO ftoMy Ha,n:3BH'laftHO -qymHM. IlpOT.HrOM yci>oro 'lacy cBoro nepe6yBaHH.H B KaHa,n:i BiH Bi,n:'lyBaB ,n:yxoBHY nocyxy. O,n:HaK, r:u;o6 3B'.H3aTH ce6e Hepo3Jiy-qHo 3 npa:u;ero, ,n:o .HKOl Bi,n:'lyBaB TaKy Bi,n:pa3y, BiH ,n:aB ypO'lHCTHft o6iT nepe,n: IIpecB.HTOIO €BxapHcTiero, r:u;o 3aJIHIIIHThC.H am ,n:o cMepTi Ha Micii: Mim iH,n:iaHD;.HMH. He CMiJIH HaBiTh Mpi.HTM Ti CB. KaHa,ll;ChKi My-qeHHKH, .HKi Maftme He 6a'lHJIH ycnixiB CBOlX repoftCbKHX 3YCHJib, ID;O HeB,n:OB3i IIiCJI.H lXHbOl CMepTi CaMi lXHi My-qHTeJii IIpHftMyTh CB.HTY Bipy, a HacTynHi MicioHepH ,n:oHecyTh XpMCTOBY npaB,n:y ,n:o KomHoro iH,n:iaHCbKOrO IIJieMeHi, 3 .HKHMH BOHR KOJIHCb MaJIH CIIpaBy.

r

17 6epe3HH

CB.HTHH OJIEKCIH

Y V CTOpi'l'li mHB y CHpiftCbKOMY MiCTi E,n:ecci no6omHH:i1: 'lOJIOBiK-me6paK, .HKOrO BBamaJIM CB.HTHM. HeBi,n:OMH:H: IIHCbMeHHHK HaiiHCaB 3ro,n:oM (nicJI.H 450 poKy) 330

17 6epeaHSI

onoBi,z:r;aHH.H npo Toro t.J:OJIOBiKa, JIKoro BiH Ha3HBaB BomHM, He Ha3HBaiOt.J:H M:oro xpecHoro iMeHi. ABTOP onoBi,z:r;ae, w;o mHB BiH a MHJIOCTHHi, .HKY 36HpaB ni,z:r; :u;epKBOID. Binhmy 11 t.J:aCTHHY Bi,z:r;,z:r;aBaB iHIDHM y6orHM, a co6i 6paB Ha npomHTOK TiJibKH pemTKH 3 HeL KoJIH BiH yMHpaB, TO po3noBiB o,z:r;HoMy ,z:r;orJI.H,z$t.J:eBi B JiiKapHi CBOlO TaeMHHI.J;lO, IIJ;O BiH - CHH-O,ll;HHaK 6araTHX pHMJI.HH ... IloxoBaJIH M:oro B cniJibHOMY MiCbKOMY rpo6i.

KoJIH Mic:u;eBHH enHCKOII ,z:r;oBi,z:r;aBc.H npo icTopiiO Bomoro l.J:OJIOBiKa, CKa3aB BHKOIIaTH M:oro Tino, ane B rpo6i aHaiiIDJIH TiJibKH HOro me6pai.J;bKi JiaXH. IcTopiH Bomoro t.J:OJIOBiKa y VIII cTopit.~t.J:i 6yna Bme Bi,z:r;oMa B fpe:u;ii: 3 THM ,ll;OIIOBHeHH.HM, w;o BiH Ha3HBaBc.H OneKcin.

Ili,z:r; KiHe:u;b X CTopit.J:t.J:.H not.J:aJIH BmaHoByBaTH OneKci.H Bomoro t.J:OJIOBiKa B PHMi. A y XV £T. cB. OneKci.H BBamaJIH IIOKpOBHTeJieM illiiHTaJibHOrO TOBapHCTBa, Bi,D;OMOrO HK "OneKcieBi BpaTT.H", a B XIX cT. "t!HH IlpecB.HTHX Cep,z:r;e:u;h Icyca M: Mapii: (IliKnyciB) BH6paB cB. OneKci.H O,ll;HHM ia CBOlX He6eCHHX CB. OJIEKCIW 3aCTYIIHHKiB. Ilpo mHTT.H OneKci.H, Bomoro t.J:OJIOBiKa, CKJia,z:r;eHa Tenep :u;ina nei'eH,z:r;a: BiH 6yB CHHOM-OAHHaKoM no6omHoro M: 6araToro pHMCbKoro ceHaTopa €BqmMiaHa; M:oro MaTH Ha3HBanac.H Arna.H. OneKciM: o,z:r;epmaB ,z:r;o6pe BHXOBaHH.H. Bi,z:r; cBoi:x no6omHHX 6aThKiB BiH HaBl.J:HBC.H Tiel npaB,D;H, IIJ;O 6araTCTBa, .HKi MH p03,D;aeMO B60rHM, 38.JIHillalOTbC.H 3 HaMH HaBiKH, a MHJIOCTHHi- e CKap6aMH, Bi,D;KJia,D;eHHMH B He6i Ha BeJIHKi Bi,D;COTKH. I.U;e MaJIHM XJIOIII.J;eM BiH CTapaBC.H ,z:r;aTH IIOMil.J: yciM THM, ID;O M8.JIH B l.J:OMYCb .HKiCh IIOTpe6H. Bo.Ht.J:HCh, w;o cBiToBi not.~ecTi MomyTh 3ro,z:r;oM Bi,z:r;ipBaTH HOrO cep:u;e Bi,D; BHIIJ;HX pet.J:eH, BiH BHpimHB 3peKTHC.H npHBiJiei:B CBOrO BHCOKOrO IIOXO,D;meHH.H Ta Bi,D;iHTH B TiHh CBiTy. CBoi" aap:yJ:<4H cB. OneKcin xoBaB Bi,z:r; 6aTbKiB am ,z:r;o ,D;H.H cBoro BiHt.J:aHHH 3 6araToro pHMJI.HHKoro. Bi,z:r;pa3y nicJI.H mn106y cB.

331

17 6epe3HSI

OneKciii 3aJHilllHB noTaiiKH csoro Mono.n;y ,n;pymHHY H: 6aThKiBChKHH ,n;iM, po3ipBaBlllH Bci CBOl 3eMHi 3B'H3KH. OneKciii, npH6yBmH 3 PHMa .n;o C11pil, noceJIHBCH B y6ori:i1 xaTHH:u;i 6in.a :u;epKBH Bomoi: MaTepi B MicTi E.n;ecci, .n;e BiB »<HTT.H B6ororo me6paKa. TaM BiH npomHB 17 niT, ,n;oKH Boma MaTiJ: He BHHBHJia H:oro CBHTOCTi JIIO,li;.RM, I:u;O Ha3Ba.JIH H:oro BomnM "'IOJIOBiKoM. IIicJI.R Taro BiH BepHyBc.R .n;o,n;oMy, o,n;HaK 6aThKO HE BIIi3HaB H:oro i ,n;aB iioMy HK me6paKoBi npHMim;eHHH rri,n ,n;oMamHiMH cxo,n;aMH. TaM niH rrpomHB HiKoMy HeBi,n;oMHH m;e 17 poKiB, TeprreJIHBO H: MOB"'IKH 3HOCH"'IH piaHi rrpHKpom;i ni,n ,n;oMalllHix cnyr.

IJiCJI.R nora CMepTi 3HaHlllJIH npH HhOMY 3aiiHCKY 3 HOrC crrpaBmHiM iMeHeM, rroxo.n;meHHHM i1: orrHcoM ychoro »<HTTH. IloxopoH CB. OJieKCi.H 6yB BeJIH"'IHHM. IloXOBaJIH nora Ha ABeHTHHChKOMY yarip'i:aa IlanH cB. IHoKeHTi.a I i1: iMnepaTopa 0Hopi.a.

17 6epe3HR

CBHTHH llATPHK AnOCTOJI lpJiaH,n;ii:, CB. IJaTpHK, 6yB pHMChK0-6pHTaHChKOrO noxo.n;meHHH. Hapo,n;HBCH npH6m:IaHo 389 poKy. Mora 6aThKO Ka.JinypHin 6yB ,n;HHKOHOM, a .n;i.n; - cB.am;eHHKOM. ,lJ;o KiHD;.R CBOrO .iKHTT.R BiH OITJiaKyBaB Te, ID;O Ha 16 po:u;i "BiH m;e He 3HaB rrpan,n;HBoro Bora"; :u;e TaR Tpe6a, Ma6yTh, poayMiTH, ID;O TO,ll;i BiH BiB, .HK i HOrO OTO"lleHHH, JierKO,li;YlllHe »<HTTH i He 6paB co6i ,li;O cep:u;.a IIOB"llaHH.H CBHID;eHHKiB, HKi ,n;aBaJIH HaCTaHOBH ,li;JI.H crraciHH.H. Y 405 pon;i HOrO 3a6paJIH B HeBOJIIO Hal3HHKH i pa30M 3 iHlllHMH HeBiJihHHKaMH 3aBe3JIH B IIOraHChKi OKOJIHD;i lpJiaH,n;il.

TaM IlaTpHK llliCTh JiiT CJIY.iKHB o,n;HoMy naHoBi. I.ll;o,n;eHHe .iKHTT.R B HeBOJii 6yJIO ,n;yme Ba»<Ke, a.Jie cepe,n; THX Hearo,n; HOrO ,n;yma Ha,li;3BH"llaHHO 3pOCTaJia B CB.HTOCTi. Ilpo Ton "'lac BiH caM 3ro,n;oM IIHCaB TaK: "Y,n;eHh nocTiHHO MOJIHBCH. Jlro6oB .n;o Bora i1: 6o.R3Hh Boma noMHO.iKYBa.JIHC.R B MeHi nee 6iJihllle i1: 6iJihllle, Bipa 3pocTaJia, Min .n;yx; 3a o,n;HH ,n;eHh H npoKa3yBaB ITO 100 MOJIHTOB, CTiJihKH m YHO"lli, HaBiTh y Jiici Ta ropax H MOJIHBC.R. IJepe,n; CBiTaHKOM H BCTaBaB i p03MOBJI.RB 3 BoroM; B M0p03, CHir "'IH ,li;OID; H He Bi,n;qyBaB Hi BTOMH, Hi BHCHa.iKeHHH, 60 TO,ll;i B MeHe 6yB peBHHH ,n;yx".

0,n;Hiel HO"lli BiH ITO"'IYB y CHi r€>JIOC, I:u;O CKa3aB HOMY 6yTH CMiJIHBHM ,n;JIH Taro, ID;06 cTaTH BiJihHHM. IIicJIH Taro niH yTiK

332

17 6epe3H51 Bi~ CBOrO rOCIIO~apSI, IT'[JOifiiiOB niiiiKH 200 MHJib, ~iRIIIOBIIIH ~0 6epera MOpSI, ~e ccroJIB Kopa6eJib . IIpoxaHHJI 6e3nJiaTHO nepeBe3TH ROrO 3aJIHIIIHJIOCh 6e3 yBarH. A.n:e CB. IOHaK rapWie MOJIHBCH B ~yiiii, i MOpHKH, X01I noraHH, IIOM'SIKIIIaJIH Ta B3SIJIH ROr01'3 co6o10. IIicJIJI TPH~eHHoi: no~opomi no Mopro BOHH rrpHllaJIHJIH ~0 SIKOrOCh HeBi~OMOrO oc·rpoBa, ,n;e I.J;iJIHR MiCJII.J;h He MOrJIH 3H8RTH Hi »CHBOl ,n;yiiii, Hi xaptiiB, TaK 111;0 BHllepnaJIHCJI yci lXHi IIpHIIaCH. Ilpo TOR lJ8C OIIOBi,n;ae TaK CB. IlaTpHK: "0,n;HOrO ~HSI KaiiiTaH KOpa6JIJI CK838B ~0 MeHe: "reR, XpHCTHSIHHHe, TH Kamern, 111;0 TBiR Bor BeJIHKHR i BCeMoryTHiR; TO lJOMY TH He MO»eeiii IIOMOJIHTHCSI 3a Hac? Ma6yTb, MH B»Ce He II068lJHMO 6im.rne JIIO,n;eR". To,n;i JI Bi,n;rroBiB 1M: "HaBepHiThCJI 3 BipoiO yciM CBOlM cep:u;eM ,ll;O MOra rocno~a Bora, B HKOrO Hilloro HeMa HeMO»CJIHBOrO. BiH IIJ;e I.J;hOrO ~HSI IIOIIIJie BaM IIO»CHBy, i BH HaCHTHTecJI, 6o BiH Mae BCIO,ll;H rrpe,n;ocTaTHbO BChoro!" 3a Bommo JI8CKOIO TaK CT8JIOCJI. 0Tapa CBHHeR 3'SIBHJI8CSI Ha ~0p03i rrepe,n; HaiiiHMH OtiHMa. B6HBIIIH 6araTo 3 HHX, Bci ~o6pe ni~KpirrHJIHCJI i CBOlX co6aK Haro,n;yBaJIH, 60 6araTO 3 HHX IIOCJia6JIH i 6yJIH HaniBmHBi. IIicJIJI Toro MOpSIKH cKJiaJIH BoroBi cep,n;etiHY no~JIKY, i Sl 3pic B lXHiX OlJaX; Bi,n; TOrO ,ll;HSI MH M8JIH 38B»C,ll;H IIO»CHBH npe,n;ocTaTHhO ... " C IIicJI.H ,n;oBro:i rro,n;opomi rrpH6yB CB. IlaTpHK ~o no6epemm.H, 3Bi,n;KH ,n;o6paBcJI ~o cBoe'i pi,n;Hi. MaB BiH To~i 23 poKH. B ~oMi 6yJia BeJIHKa pa~iCTb, O,ll;HaK y lJ8C Hi'IHHX liYB8Hb MaR6yTHiR 8IIOCTOJI MaB HOBi BH~iHHJI, II,J;O KJIHKaJIH HOrO ,ll;O rrpa:u;i cepe,n; rroraH. HacTyiiHHX 18 JiiT npoBiB cB. IlaTpHK, Ma6yTh, y Cl>paH:u;il, ,n;e 6yB y TiCHOMY 3B'.H3KY 3 E:IIHCKOIIOM CB. repMaHOM. y TOR R8C BiH 6yB BHCB.HtieHHR Ha CBJIIIJ;eHHKa. IlaJIJia~iR, rrocJiaHHR IIarroiO KeJieCTHHOM ~o lpJiaH,n;il, rricJIJI poKy MicionepCbKOl rrpa:u;i IIOMep. To,n;i CB. repMaH BHCBSITHB CB. IlaTpHKa 432 poKy Ha E:IIHCKOIIa i IIOCJI8B ROrO Ha CB. MiciiO ~o rnoTJiaH~:u;iB y IliBHitiHY BpHTaHiro.

IIpa:u;JI CB.HToro Mim rroraHaMH 6yJia BamKa R He6e3netiHa; aJie Boma JiaCKa, IIOBHa IIOCB.HTa rocno,n;HiR crrpaBi Ta CHJibHHR xapaKTep ,n;orroMorJIH ROMY oTpHMaTH ~03BiJI Ha rrporroBi,n;yBaHH.H XpHcToBoi: BipH. Xoti caM KopoJih Jlir'ep He npHRHJIB xpHCTHJIHCTBa, IIpOTe ~eJIKi lJJieHH ROrO po~HHH CTaJIH XpHCTHSIH8MH. IJ;e BHKOpHCTaB CB. IlaTpHK ,ll;JI.H 38KpirrJieHHSI B TiR rroraHChKiR Kpai:Hi CB.HTOl BipH. Hai1:3aB3JITiiiiHMH rrpoTHBHHKaMH CB. IlaTpHKa 6yJIH Mic:u;eBi IIOraHChKi qapiBHHKH, a6o ,n;pyi:,n;H, - ,n;yxiBHHKH IIOraH, .HKi IIpH6yJIH ,ll;O lpJiaH,n;il IIJ;e ,ll;O XpHCTHSIHCbKHX MicioHepiB, i

333

17 6epe3HSI

rOBOpHJIH JIIO,ZVIM: "flpHH~e IIOCTpHmeHH.H rOJIOBH (3 TOH3ypoiO), 3 3aKpytieHOIO IIaJIHD;eiO (IIaCTOpaJIOM) H C~OeiO ~ip.HBOIO XaTHHOIO Ha rOJIOBi (iHcpyJia). BiH CIIiBaTHMe 6e360mHiCTb Bi~ CBOrO CTOJI8 Ha cxi~HiH CTOpOHi CBOrO ~OMy. Bci ftoro ~OMamHi Bi~IIOBi~aTH­ MYTh: AMiHh, aMiHh. KoJIH Bee Te cTaHeThC.H, Harne :u;apcTBO He BCTOlTb". flpo He6e3ne"tJHiCTb Micii: CB . flaTpHKa CBi~"'IHTb TaKHH BHna~oK. O~Horo ~H.H ni~ "'lac no~opomi H:oro Bi3HHK O~paH MaB .HKeCb no60IOBaHH.H 3a mHTT.H CBOrO BJia~HKH i TOMY IIpOCHB CB.aToro noraH.HTH KOHe:H:, a BiH caM cia Ha Mic:u;e errHCKona; B O~HOMY Micn;i XTOCh KHHYB CIIHCa B O~paHa i B6HB HOrO, ~yMaiO"tJH, ID;O D;iJIHTb B €IIHCKOIIa, a CB. flaTpHK Ha Micn;i Bi3HHKa 3aJIHmHBc.H mHBHM. Ta, He3BamaiO"'IH Ha aci nepemKo~H, xpHCTHHHCTBO B lpJiaH~ii: nomHpiOBaJioc.a. Ha rriBHi"ll Bi~ Tapu, KOpOJiiBCbKOl CTOJIHD;i B JliTpHMi, CB.HTHH Ha Micn;i CKHHYTOrO rroraHChKOro 6omKa nocTaBHB xpHCTH.HHChKY :u;epKBy. B Mic:u;eaocTi KoHHOT HaBepHyJiuc.a ~Bi ~O"'IKH KopoJI.a Jlirepa; TaM ca. TiaTpHK ycnimHo .IIO.HCHHB rroraHaM Tai:HCTBO Tipeca.aToi: Tpi:H::u;i 3a ~onoMororo Bi~oMoro 1M TPHJIHcToro meMpaKa. CB. TiaTpHK MaB 6araTo Y"tJHiB, cepe~ .HKHX 6ya i BeHii'H, H:oro HaCTYIIHHK. KoJIH cnpaaa nomHpeHH.H xpHCTH.HHCTBa B lpJI~il6yJia ame ~o6pe 3ano"l!aTKOBaHa, Ca.aTHH Bi~Bi~aB PHM, ~e oco6HCTO ll03HaHOMHBC.H 3 Tiarroro CB. JleBOM BeJIHKHM. IJ;epKBa CB. llaTpHKa 6yJia 3aBm~H B TiCHOMy 3B'.H3KY 3 ArroCTOJibChKOIO CToJiun;ero.

Y 444 pon;i CB. flaTpHK a6y~yBaB KaTe~paJihHY n;epKBY B ApMax, KOJIHmHi:H: CTOJIHD;i lpJiaH~il. ID;O CKopo CTaJia ocepe~KOM ocaiTH H: :u;epKOBHoro ynpaBJiiHH.H. B Toft "'lac Bi~6yac.a, Ma6yTh, 3a npOBO~OM CB. flaTpHKa nepmHH co6op lpJiaH~ChKOl IJ;epKBH; 6araTO TO~imHiX llOCTaHOB 36eperJIHC.H ~0 H8illHX "tJaciB 3 pi3HHMH rriaHimHMH ~o~aTKaMH. Ca. TiaTpHK BH~aB a Tie! Haro~H "lpJiaH~ChKY a6ipKy KaHOHiB".

Oc:& ID;O nume rrpo CB.aToro mHTTenucen;:& Tipe"l!eH: "TiaTpHK Ha BepillHHi ropH ErJii nepe6yBaB Ha MOJIHTBi 40 ~HiB i HO"l!eif, aJie ifoMy nepemKo~maJIH IITHn;i, "l!epe3 .HKHX BiH He Mir 6a"l!HTH Hi He6a, Hi 3eMJii, Hi Mop.a; 6o Bor 3BeJiiB yciM CB.HTHM 3 EpiH (JpJiaH~il), ~aBHiM, TenepimHiM i Maft6yTHiM, npHHTH Ha aepmHHY Tiel ropu, ID;O BHID;a Bi~ ycix rip Ha 3axo~i, ID;06 rro6JiarocJIOBHTH nJieMeHa EpiHy, ID;06 ca. TiaTpHK Mir rro6a"l!HTH Hanepe~ IIJii~ CBOlX Tpy~iB, 60 XOp ycix CB.HTHX JpJiaH~ii: npu6yB BmBi~aTH iforo".

TIHcaHH.H ca. TiaTpHKa, .aKi 3aJI.HmHJIHC.H no HhOMy, 3acBi~"'IY­ IOTh, ID;O TaeMHHJ:tero ftoro BIIJIHBY Ha JIIO~eif 6yJia iforo BeJIHKa ~~.:1

18 6epe3H51

Jno6oB AO Bora. Y "BnaHaHH.Hx" BiH TIMIIIe: "BaraTo ,lJ;apiB mepTBYBa.JIM Me.Hi. .ff He npMHHJlB lX. JliO,ll;M 6yJIM HeB,ll;OBOJieHi, aJie aa Bommo JiaCKOID R He nocTynMBC.H 1M. IJ;e He 6ym\e MO.H CMJia, a.Jie Bor, ~o nepeMaraB y MeHi. .H npMii:IIIOB ,ll;O noraH B lpJiaH,ll;iiD npOTIOBi,ll;yBaTM CB. 8BaHreJii€ M 3HOCMTM 3HeBarM Bi,ll; He,ll;OBipKiB • .ff "<IYB HaBiTb ,ll;OKOpM 3a Te, ~0 l3,ll;MB Ja KOp,ll;OH XO"ll apiKaBCJl CB0€1 CB060,ll;M JlK BiJibHa JIID,ll;MHa ,Zl;JI.ff KOpMCTi iHIIIMX • .ff rOTOBMM He Ja,ll;yMyiD"<IMCb M OXO"lle Bi,ll;,ll;aTM CBO€ :>KMTT.ff aa Bome iM'.H, JlK~O TiJibKM ,ll;03BOJIMTb MeHi rocnO,ll;b".

CB. IlaTpMK nocTiii:Ho 6a"<IMB "'~YAeCHe :>KHMBO, .HKe Bor ,ll;OJBOJIMB ii:oMy a6npaTM. u;e HanOBHIOBaJio ii:oro cepu;e B,ll;.H"<IHicTID. Bnpo,ll;oBm HenoBHMX 30 JiiT CB. IlaTpMK HaBepHyB lpJiaH,ll;iiD AO XpncToBoi: Bipn. B cBoi:x nncaHH.HX BiH qacTo ara,ll;y€, cKiJihKM TMC.ff"ll noraH BiH OXpMCTMB i MMpOTIOMa3aB. Ta xo"<I CBRTMii: 6a"<IMB BeJIMKMM nocTyn xpMCTM.HHCTBa B lpJiaH,ll;il, ii:oro aacMy-qyBaJIM aaJIMIIIKM rroraHCTBa: rpa6yHKM ii: JJIO"<IMHM. B ocTaHHi ,ll;Hi cBoro :>KMTT.H CB.HTMM rrncaB: "~o,ll;H.H O"lliKyiD HeCTIO,ll;iBaHOl CMepTi, IIOrpa6yBaHHJl, HeBiJibHMD;TBa a6o rro,ll;i6Horo He~acT.H", a.Jie ,ll;O,ll;a€: "R BiMaB ce6e B pyKM BceMoryTHboro Bora, .HKMM Kepy€ BciM, RK roBopMTb___npopoK: IIOKJia,ll;M CBOID myp6y Ha rocno,ll;a, a BiH caM IIi,ll;TpMMa:e Te6e". I.J;R BeJIMKa Ha,ll;i.H Ha Bce,l];epmnTeJI.H apo6nJia ii:oro anocTOJIOM lpJiaH,ll;il.

18 6epe3HH

CB.HTHH KHPHJIO €PYCAJIHMCbKHH CB. KnpMJIO BMXOBYBaBc.H B 8pyca.JIMMi. Moro 6aTbKM, M'a6YTh, xpncTM.HHM, ,ll;aJIM ii:oMy BMCOKy ocBiTy. BiH ,ll;06pe JHaB CB.HTe IlMCbMO M BMKOpMCTOByBaB n;e B CBOlX TIOB"<IaHH.HX, y .HKi BMiJIO BIIJiiTaB 6i6JiiMHi D;MTaTM. BncB.HTMB ii:oro Ha CBR~eHMKa, Ma6yTh, 8pycaJIMMCbKMM rraTpiapx cB. MaKCMM, ~o npnaHa"<IMB ii:oro Ha B"<IMTeJI.H KaTexyMeHiB, RKi rrpnroTOBJIRJIMC.H ,ll;O cB. Xpn~eHH.H. CBoi: KaTexiancHi HaB"<IaHHR npoBO,ll;MB CB. KnpMJIO Brrpo,ll;OB:>K KiJihKOX poKiB y KoHcTaHTMHOBiii: 6aaMJiin;i cB. XpecTa, a ,ll;JI.H HOBooxpn~eHM~ - y poTOHAi BocKpeciHH.H. BnroJioiiiyBaB BiH cBoi: HayKM ycHo; JrO,ll;OM 27 ii:oro HayK 6yJIM 3aiiMCaHi i a6eperJIMC.ff ,ll;OCi. TBopn cB. KnpMJia € n;iHHOID rraM' .HTKOID HaB"<IaHH.H ii: o6p.H,ll;iB IJ;epKBM y 34 7 pon;i Ta HaM,ll;aBHiiiiOIO TiaM' JlTKOID <lJopMa.JibHOl CMCTeMM porOCJIOB'.ll. 8 B HMX i D;iKaBa Jra,ll;Ka npo Bi,ll;HaM,ll;eHHJl CB, XpeCTa Ta KaMeH.H, ~0 JaKpMBaB BXi,ll; ,ll;O CB. rpo6y rocTIO,ll;HbOrO.

335

18 6epe3H!'I IJiCJI.H CMepTi CB. MaKCHMa, .HKOMY 3a CB. Bipy BHKOJIOJIM OKO R rrepeTHJIH :JKHJIH Ha Hoai, eHHCKOIIH rrpoBiHu;il BHCB.HTHJIH 351 poKy Ha epycaJIHMChKoro rraTpiapxa cB. KHpHJia. Mim Roro CB.HTHTeJI.HMH 6yB TaKom errHCKorr Kecapil IlaJieCTHHChKOi: AKaKiR, rrpHXHJihHHK apiaHChKOi: epeci, .HKHR aa aro~mo iMrrepaTopa KoHcTaHTiH, apiaHHHa, Ol:JOJIHB 8pycaJIHMChKY :QepKBy; Mi:JK ~BOMa E:IIHCKOIIaMH ,ZJ;iRlliJIO CKOpO ,ZJ;O CHJihHOl cyrrepel:JKH. IlepniHR piK rraTpiapxaTy cB. KHpHJia 6yB rraM'.HTHHR THM, ~0 Ha He6i Ha~ 8pyCaJIHMOM 3'.HBHBC.H 3HaK foCIIO,ZJ;HhOI'O xpecTa. Ilpo TY 'l£y~ecHy 3'HBY HarrHcaB CB. KHpHJIO ,ZJ;o iMrrepaTopa JIHCTa, ~o a6epirc.11 ~oci. Y TOMY JIHCTi BiH rrHme: "~H.a 7 TpaBH.a, 6JIH3hKO 3 I'O~HHH, 3'.R:BHBCJI Ha He6i BeJIHKHR JICHHR xpeCT, CaMe H~ foJirollJTOIO, JIKHR C.HI'aB a:JK ,ZJ;O 0JIHBHOl I'OpH, JIKHR 6al:JHJIH He O,ZJ;Ha-,D;Bi oco6H, a Bee MicTo. I He 6yJia Ta 3'sma, .HK Mil' 6H XTO IIO,ZJ;yMaTH, IIJIO,D;OM YJIBH l:JH THMl:JaCOBHM .HBH~eM, a TpHBaJia KiJihKa I'O,ZJ;HH, BH,ZJ;HMa ,ZJ;JI.H HaiiiHX Ol:JeR i .HCHiiiia Bi~ coHu;.a. Bee MicTo, oxon:JieHe BO,ZJ;Ho'l£ac maxoM i pa~icTIO 3 IIpHBO,ZJ;y TOI'O l:Jy,ZJ;a, 36irJIOC.H Bi,ZJ;paay ,ZJ;O u;epKBH, ~e BCi B O~HH I'OJIOC rrpocJiaBJIJIJIH HaiiiOI'O rocrro,ZJ;a lcyca XpHCTa, e~HHOI'O Bomoro CHHa".

Hea.-oBai rricJIJI BHCB.Hl:JeHH.H CB. KHpHJia Ha enHCKorra rrol:JaJIHCJI Herropo3yMiHH.H Mim HHM i AKaKieM l:Jepea npaBo rrepiiiocTi, a TaKom 'l£epe3 crrpaBH BipH, 6o AKaKiR cTaB y TOR l:Jac epeTHKOMapiaHHHOM. HerropoayMiHHJI rrepeMiHHJIOCJI y Bi~BepTy 6opoTh6y, a BKiHu;i AKaKiR CKJIHKaB MaJIHR CHHO~ E:IIHCKOIIiB CBOel rrapTil; Ha Hhoro BiH aaKJIHKaB i cB. KHpHJia, aJie TOR He noro,ZJ;HBC.H npMRTH. Ha TOMY CMHO,ZJ;i AKaKiR i Roro o~HO,ZJ;yMu;i ocy~HJIH cB. KHpHJia 3a BrrepTiCTh i HerrocJiyx, a TaKom 3a Te, ~o BiH Bi,ZJ;,ZJ;aB Ha 3HeBary u;epKOBHi pe'l£i, .HKi HacrrpaB,ZJ;i CB.HTHR npo~aB ,ZJ;JI.a nopJITYHKY B6orHx, JIK u;e po6HJIH cB. AMBpoa, cB. ABr'ycTHH Ta imni errHcKonH. Xo'l£ aaKH,ZJ;H 6yJIH HecnpaBe~JIMBi, cB. KHpHJia ycyHyJIH 3 rrpecToJiy i rrporHaJIH 3 8pycaJIHMa. Ha 3aCJiaHHi CB. KMpMJio rrepe6yBaB ,ZJ;Ba poKH, cno'l£aTKY B AHTioxil, a orricJIJI B Tapci, ~e Roro JiacKaBo rrpHRH.HB HarriBapiaHChKHR errHcKon CHJihBaH" Y TOR l:Jac B~6yBcJI Co6op y CeJieBKil, ~o Jia,ZJ;HaB u;epKOBHi crrpasH xpHCTHJIHChKoro Cxo,ZJ;y. Ha Hhoro a'i:xaJIHCJI enMCKOIIH-HarriBapiaHH, apiaHH R KiJihKa npaBoBipHHX, yci 3 8r.HIITy. CB. KHp.HJIO c.H.n;iB Mi.m narriBapianaMH, 3 HRHMH 6yB ,ZJ;06pe 3HaROMHR i pa,ZJ;iB lXHhOIO IIi,ZJ;TpHMKOIO B l:JaC CBOI'O aacJiaHH.H. KoJIH Ha Co6op npH6yB AKaKiR, BiH 6yB CHJihHO HeB,ZJ;OBoJieHHR npHcyTHiCTIO cB. KMpima i BMRIIIOB y rHiBi 3 aaJiy, aJie aro,ZJ;oM BepHyBeJI i ,ZJ;aJii 6paB yqacTh y Hapa~ax Co6opy, xot.J o~He

::\::\n

18 6epe3H51

i1:oro rrapTi.H 6yJia B MeHIIIOCTi. Hapa,n;n Co6opy 3aKiH':IllJIRC.H orrpaB,n;aHH.HM CB. KnpnJia i1: ycyHeHH.HM AKaKi.H. Top;i AKaKii1: Bn1xaB p;o IJ;apropop;a i TaM cKapr cB. KnpnJia rrepe,n; iMrrepaTopoM, ,li;O,D;aBIIIll ,li;O CTapllX OCKapmeHh HOBi. Hai1:6iJihiiie p03,D;paTyBaJIO iMrrepaTopa Te, ~0 30JIOTOTKaHy n;epKOBHY op;emy, "'HKy 6aThKO iMrrepaTopa, KoHcTaHTRH BeJIRKRH, rrop;apyBaB KOJIRCh rraTpiapxoBi MaKapieBi ,D;JI.H 30,D;.HraHH.H rrpn cB. Xpn~eHHi, CB. KnpMJIO rrpop;aB, i 11 6a':IRJIM 3rop;oM Ha op;HoMy apTRCTOBi B TeaTpi. Po3,n;paToBaHMi1 iMrrepaTop rrporHaB cB. KnpnJia 3 KpalO pa30M 3 i1:oro rrpn.HTeJieM CMJihBaHOM 3 Tapca.

3a HacTyrrHoro iMrrepaTopa IOJiiaHa Bip;cTyiiHMKa BepHyJIMC.H 3aCJiaHi eiiMCKOIIll Ha CB01 rrpeCTOJIM, cepep; .HKllX 6yB ll CB. KnpnJio. Bop.H':IMCh 3 xpncTM.HHCTBOM, 6amaJO':Ill rroHM3MTM peJiiriiO, Bip; .HK01 BiH Bi,D;iHIIIOB, iMrrepaTOp 3BeJiiB Bip;6yp;yBaTM iy,D;eHChKY CB.HTMHIO B €pycaJIRMi, ~06 TaKRM ':lllHOM BllCMi.HTM XpncToBe rrpopon;TBO rrpo 3HR~eHH.H epycaJIRMChKo1 CB.HTMHi, 3 .HKo1 He 3aJIMIIIMThC.H KaMeH.H Ha KaMeHi. Ha n;e IOJiiaH BM,D;iJIRB BeJIRKY cyMy rpoiiiei1: 3 p;epmaBHo1 Ka3HM. Ha 3aKJIRK iMrrepaTopa iyp;e1 IIO':IaJill 3 pi3HMX CTOpiH Ta Kpa1B IIpM1:>K,D;:>KaTM ,li;O €pycaJIMMa; BTiiiieHi ll 3YXBaJii, BOHM ,li;OpOrOIO rpa6yBaJill xpncTM.HH Ta 1xHi n;epKBM y ,r(aMacKy i1: OJieKcaHp;pil. ByJio n;e 362 poKy. €Bpe1 ,D;aBaJIM rpOIIIi, BJiaCHOpyqHQ-1iOCMJill KaMiHH.H ll rricoK; €Bpei1:KM :>KepTByBaJill Ha 6yp;oBy CB01 ,D;Oporon;iHHi rrpMKpacn ... XpHCTM.HHR 3amypnJIRC.H Ta BIIaJin ,n;yxoM, a cB. KnpMJIO 6yB 30BCiM crroKii1HMi1 i caMMM iyp;e.HM Bip;BepTo Ka3aB, ~0 1XHi 3a,D;yMR He 3,ll;iHCH.HThC.H, 60 Hi':IOrO BOHR He B,D;iiOTh IIpOTM XpncToBoro cJioBa rrpo epycaJIMMChKY CB.HTRHIO: "Hap;ii1:p;yTh ,D;Hi, KOJill 3 YChOrO, ~0 BM 6at.IMTe, He JllliiillThC.H KaMiHh Ha KaMeHi, .HKMH He 6yB 6n rrepeBepHeHni1:" (JIK 21:6). HeB,D;OB3i caMi €Bpe1 rrepeKoHaJIMC.H B rrpaBp;i TMX cJiiB. IJ;epKOBHi icTopnKM CoKpaT i Teop;opeT, a oco6JIMBO rroraHChKMH cpiJioco<P i BO.HK AMMi.HH MapKeJIMH 3acBip;qyJOTh, ~o KOJIR iyp;e1 HaBe3JIR 6araTo rricKy, BaiiHa ll rirrcy 1 TO,D;i 3ipBaBC.H BeJIMKllll BMXOp i IIOp03HOCMB yce ,D;O':IRCTa. HacTyrrHoro ,D;H.H 3eMJieTpyc 3py:i1:HyBaB 3aJIMIIIKM IIi,D;BaJIMH CTapo1 iyp;eHChK01 CB.HTMHi, .HKY 3pyi1:HyBaJIM pMMJI.HHM. Top;i E:Bpe1, He3Bamal0':1ll Ha Ti rrop;il, rroqaJin 3aKJiap;aTn HOBMH cpyH,D;aMeHT. HoBn:i1: 3eMJieTpyc 3HOBY 3HM~RB 1xHIO po6oTy, IIOp03BaJIIOBaJIRC.H cycip;Hi ,li;OMM M 3arMHyJIO 6araTO po6iTHMKiB. A BeJIMKMH xpecT .HCHiB yHo':li Hap; po3BaJIMHaMM. HaJI.HKaHi :i1: rrepeMO:>KeHi TaKMM LIY,D;OM iyp;e1 IIOKMHYJIM HaBiTh ,D;yMKY IIpO Bip;6y,D;OBy CBOel CB.HTllHi, a 6araTO 3 HMX i IIOraHM 1 ~0 6at.IMJill Te qyp;o, HaBepHyJIMC.H p;o XpncToBo1 Bipn .

.

337

19 6epe3Hs:l 3a ocTaHHhoro iMrrepaTopa-apiaHHHa BaJieHTa cB. KHpHJia

367 poKy BTpeTe 3acy,n;HJIH Ha 3acJiaHH11, a 3a iMrrepaTopa Teo,n;oci.H BiH BepHYJJC.H ,n;o €pycaJIHMa i ru;e BiciM JiiT rroci,n;aB IIaTpiapiiiHH rrpeCTOJI Ta BiJihHO KepYJJaB CBOEIO IJ;epKBOIO IIiCJI.H cMepTi 3aT.HToro rrpoTHBHHKa AKaKi.H. CB. KHpHJIO 3acTaB y €pycaJIHMi 6opoTb6y rrapTi:ii i n;epKOBHe po3'e,n;HaHH.H, epech i 3JIOqHHH. Ha :iioro rrpoxaHH.H AHTioxi:iicbKHH Co6op rrpH3HaqHB HOMY Ha IIOMiqHHKa CB. rpHropi.H HichKoro, aJie BiH He 3MiP ,IJ;aTH IIaTpiapXOBi IIOTpi6HOl IIOMoqi i CKOpO BHlXaB 3 €pycaJIHMa. Ha II BceJieHChKOMY Co6opi B IJ;apropo,n;i 381 poKy CB. KHpHJIO BHCTyiiaB .HK MHTpOIIOJIHT i rraTpiapx €pycaJIHMa pa30M 3 rraTpiapxaMH AHTioxi'i Ta OJieKcaH,n;piL Ha TOMY Co6opi errHcKOIIH IIpOPOJIOCHJIH 3MiHeHHH CHMBOJI BipH, ,IJ;O,IJ;aBIIIH CJIOBO roMoycioc, ru;o 03Haqae e,n;HHocyru;HHH. 3ro,n;oM cB. IJ;epKBa 3aqHcJIHTh cB. KMpMJia ,n;o YqHTeJiiB IJ;epKBH. 3aKiHqHB cB. rraTpiapx cBoe .iKHTT.H BipHo'i CJiym6H Bomi:ii CIIpaBi IIpH6JIH3HO 387 poKy, IIpO.iKHBIIIH 70 JiiT, 3 .HKHX 35 6yB apxieiiHCKOIIOM; Ha 3aCJiaHH.HX KapaBC.H 16 poKiB. 3 rrHcaHb cB. KMpHJia 36eperJIHC.H :iioro KaTexi3HCHi HayKH, rrporroBi,n;h rrpo oBeqy KyrriJih y BHTe3,n;i, JIHCT ,n;o iMrrepaTopa :ii TPH Marri YPHBKH 3 iHIIIHX rrpan;b.

KOH,D;AK-IIICHH ,D;O CB. KllPllJIA CJIOBOM TBOIM, My,n;pe, 6omecTBeHHHMH Ha,n;xHeHH.HMH rrpocBiTHB TH TBo'ix JIIO,n;e:ii, e,n;HHY rroqecTi ri,n;Hy Tpi:iin;IO, cyTTIO Hep03,IJ;iJihHy, llO,IJ;iJieHy Ha OC06H. THM pa,n;iiOqH, BCeCB.HTY TBOIO rraM'.HTh BIIIaHoByeMo, BBamaiOqH Te6e 3a MOJIHTOBHHKa ,n;o Bora.

19 6epe:m.H

CB.HTI XPH3AHT I ,li;API.H XpHCTH.HHH B PHMi rri,n; KiHen;h III cTopiqq.H 3arroqaTKyBaJIH BIIIaHyBaHH.H cB. rro,n;pymm.H - XpH3aHTa i ,IJ;apiL BoHH 3arHHYJIH Myq:eHHII;bKOIO CMepTIO IIpH6JIH3HO 288 poKy. lxHi TiJia 6yJIH IIOXOBaHi B rreqepi. 3ro,n;oM Bi,n;HaHIIIJIH lXHiH rpi6 pa30M 3 KiCTbMH iHIIIHX MytieHHKiB Ta 3p06HJIH 3 rreqepM KaiiJIHII;IO. Y 844 pon;i rrepeHeCJIH cB. Moru;i XpM3aHTa :ii ,IJ;api'i ,n;o Ilpyc, ,n;e BOHH :ii ,n;oci crroqHBaiOTh y MicTi MIOHCTepa:ii<l:JeJib. IIpo CB. Myq:eHHKiB XpH3aHTa :ii )l;apiiO Bi,n;oMa rapHa Jier'eH,n;a, III;O ,IJ;OIIOBHHJia 6paK ,n;aHHX 3 lXHbOPO .iKHTT.H. 3 He'i MH ,n;oBi,n;yeMoc.H, rn;o XpM3aHT 6yB CHHOM rraTpMn;i.H-

338

19 6epe3HR IIIJI.HXTH"tla IloJieMi.a. KoJIH XJionell,h IIIyKaB My,n;pocTi B noraHchKHX <lJiJIOCO<lJiB, TO B ii:oro pyKH ITOTpaiTHJIO CB. €BaHreJiie.

HeBHHHHii IOHaK noni06HB cB. XpHCTOBY npaB,n;y, 6amaiO"t!H IT03HaHOMHTHC.H 3 XpHCTH.HHChKHM CB.H~eHHKOM, .HKHH Mir 6H ,n;aTH ii:oMy noTpi6Hi no.acHeHH.H. 3HaiioMi xpHCTH.HHH 3aB~m ii:oro .n;o cB.a~eHHKa Kapno<Popa, SIKHii xoBaBc.a B ropax -qepe3 nepecni,n;yBaHH.H xpHCTH.HH. Po3MOBH 3 cB.a~eHHKOM Tax yKpinHJIH XpH3aHTa B cB. Bipi, ~o Kapno<Pop nicJI.a xopoTKoro -qacy ii:oro oxpHCTHB. XpH3aHT He ,n;oBro npHXOBYBaB HOBY Bipy; HeB,n;OB3i BiH no"tlaB BH3HaBaTH ii SIBHO, cMiJIHBO npocnaBJI.HTH XpHcTa Ta xyJIHTH ITOraHChKHX 6omKiB. 1\0JIH npo ll,e ,ll;OBi.z:laBCSI 6aTbKO, HaJISIKaBCSI, ~0 BiCTKa npo HaBepHeHH.H CHHa Mome ,n;iii:TH ,!1;0 iMnepaTopa i BCJI pO,ll;HHa MO.me Bi,n; TOrO TIOTepniTH. IlpHKJIHKaBmH CHHa, BMOBJIHB ii:oro noKHHYTH xpHCTHSIHCTBO. XpH3aHT Bi,n;MOBHBC.H. To.n;i po3rHiBaHHii 6aThKO 3BeJiiB 3aMKHYTH XpH3aHTa B TeMHHll,i ii: MY"tJ:HTH roJio,n;oM; ane XpH3aHT THM 30BciM He 3aCMYTHBc.a, BBa.maiO"t!H ll,e BllpaBJISIHHJIM B ITOCTi, Bi,ZJ;OKpeMJieHHJIM Bi,n; CBiTy, XpHCTHSIHChKOIO ITOCTiii:HiCTIO Ta xo,n;meHHHM BY3hKOlO ,n;oporoiO CITpaB.mHiX XpHCTHSIH. KoJIH 6aThKO no6a"t!HB, ~o roJio,n;oM He 3JIOMHTh nocTiii:HocTi CHHa, BHpiiiiHB, 3a nopa,n;OIO ,n;eHKHX pO,ZJ;H"tlift; 3JiaMaTH ii:oro HeiTOXHTHiCTh CITOKyCaMH. )l;o ITaJiaTH llpH6yJIO ll'SITh MOJIO,ll;HX miHox, ~o po3MOBaMH ii: 3a6aBaMH a XpH3aHTOM MaJIH cnoxycHTH ii:oro .n;o rpiiiiHoi: JII06oBi, a 3ro,n;oM i .n;o Bi,n;cTyncTBa Bi,n; cB. BipH. A.n:e Toii He"tleCHHii aa,n;yM IloneMi.R He B,n;aBc.a, 6o XpH3aHT peBHOIO MOJIHTBOIO H BeJIHKHM "tlyBaHHHM Ha,n; CBOlMH "t!YTTJIMH TaK 3aKpiiTHBCSI B "t!HCTOTi, ~0 rn;aCJIHBO 36epir ce6e Bi,n; ycix He"tleCTHBHX HaMaraHb noraHChKHX CITOKYCHHll,h.

ITo Tiii: HeB,n;a-qi nopa,n;HJIH IloneMieBi o.n;pym.HTH XpHaaHTa a p03YMHOIO H rapHOIO BeCTaJibKOIO ,Z:(apieiO, SIKa CJiy.mHJia npH CBHTHHi noraHChKo16orHHi ATeHH. ,Z:(iB"t!HHa noro,n;HJiach Ha Taxy nponoaHll,iiO ii: npHii:IIIJia .n;o ,n;oMy IloJieMi.a. O,n;SirHyBIIIHCh y nperapHy o.n;emy, BOHa npo6yBaJia nacxaBHMH CJIOBaMH ii: 3Ba6JIHBOIO noBe,n;iHKOIO poa6y,n;HTH B XpHaaHTOBi Jil06oB .n;o ce6e; O,ll;HaK 3aB,ll;SIKH CB. MOJIHTBi BiH He TiJihKH BCTOJIB npOTH ll,hOrO, aJie, aa JiacxoiO CBSIToro ,Z:(yxa, TaK cep,n;e"t!HO aaroBopHB .n;o po3yMH01 ii: HeBHHHOI ,n;iB"t!HHH npo npaB,n;HBiCTh XpHcToBoi: BipH Ta npo CBHTiCTh XpHCTHJIHChKOrO mHTTH, ~0 ,Z:(api.H He TiJihKH HaBepHyJiacSI .n;o XpHcToBoi: BipH, ane rn;e noro,n;Hnacx Ha repoii:ChKY nponoaHll,iiO XpHaaHTa mHTH nicn.a BiH"tlaHHH B HenopyIIIeHiii: "t!HCTOTi. IloJieMiii:, ~0 Hil:Joro He 3HaB npo BeJIHKY 3MiHy B cepll,i ,Z:(apti:, pa,n;iB, ~o cnoBHHJIOCh ii:oro 6amaHHH. HeB,n;oaai

339

20 6epe3HSI

•

BiH rroMep, }J;api.a oxpHCTHJiac.R, i o6oe 3 XpM3aHTOM rro"'laJIM rypTyBaTM HaBKOJIO ce6e HaBepHeHMX pMMJIJIH, pa30M 3 HHMM crriJihHO MOJIHJIMCJI Ta yKpirrJIIOBaJIH IX y "'lecHoMy mMTTi. qacTi 3i6paHHJI xpMCTHJIH y ~oMi XpM3aHTa I1 }J;apil rrpMBepHYJIH yaary rroraH, i, BpeiiiTi, BOHM o6oe rroTparrMJIM B PYKM Ha"'laJihHHKa MicTa KeJiepMHa, JIKMH Bi~~aB IX Ha cy~ KJiaB~ieBi. Toii HaKa3aB IX 6MTH mMJiaMM, 3aKyBaTH rroTpiiiHMMM Ka:i1:~aHa­ MM; O~HaK Bi~ THX II060IB He 6y.110 HiJIKOrO 3HaKy, KaH~aHM caMi rrocrr~aJIH, a TeMHHIJ;H, B JIKi:i1: 3aMKHYJIM IX, HarroBHMJiacJI H~3BM"'IaiiHoiO HCHiCTIO. IIo6a"'IMBIIIM TaKi "'~Y~a, KJiaB~iii rroBipMB y XpMcTa 3i cBoeiO miHKOIO I.11apieiO :i1: CMHaMH .HcoHOM i MaBpoM. To~i BaJiepiaH HaKa3aB yTOIIHTH KJiaB~iH B Mopi, a :i1:oro CHHiB y6MTH Me"'leM . Bo~Ho"'lac i3 KJiaB~ieM 3arHHYJIM TaKom rri~ BiCTp.RM Me"'la 70 BOJIKiB i CTOpomiB B'JI3HHIJ;i, lll;O HaBepHyJIHCH "'lepe3 "'ly~eca, JIKi ~iHJIHCJI rriA "'lac MYK ca. rrapH. CHHiB KJiaB~iH XpHCTM.RHH IIOXOBaJIH HeAaJieKO Bi~ MiCIJ;H IXHhOrO MY"lleHHIJ;TBa. MaTH I.11apiJI xo~HJia "'lacTo Ha rpi6 CHHiB MOJIMTHCJI. KoJIH BOHa MOJIMJiacJI, Bor Y3HB 11 CBHTY ~YIIIY ~o Bi"'IHoro ru;acTJI. Y TOR "'lac XpH3aHT MY"'IMBCJI y B'JI3HMu;i, a ,l(apiH - B ~oMi po3rrycTJ-I; a.11e TaM Iii Hi"'loro rroraHoro He 3po6HJIH, 6o 3 KoJii3eiO IIpH6ir JieB, He ~aiO"'IH HiKOMy rrpMCTYIIHTM ~0 Hei, a BOHa CBOIMH Ha~xHeHHMMM cJioBaMH 6araTo rroraH HaBepHyJia ~o XpMCTOBOI BipH. ~06 II036yTMCJI JieBa, ~OBeJIOCh CIIaJIMTM BeCb ~iM. XpH3aHTa :i1: ,1J;api10 rricJIH pi3HHX MYK AaJIM HaKa3 KaMeHyBaTH Ta rroxoBaTH 3a MicToM y rre"'lepi. KoJIM B rrepiiii poKOBMHM cMepTi XpM3aHTa :i1: }J;apil rro6omHi xpMCTHJIHM rrpMHIIIJIH ~o rre"'lepH I1 MOJIHJIHCJI Ha~ IXHiM rpo60M, iMrrepaTOpChKi CJiyrM 3aKH~aJIH BXi~ ~0 IIe"'lepH KaMiHHHM i 3aCMIIaJIH 3eMJieiO - Bci XpMCTMJIHH 3arHHYJIH Ha rpo6i CB. MY"lleHHKiB. Mim HHMM 6yB CBJilll;eHMK ,il;io~op i ~HHKOH Mapi.RH. 20 6epe3HH

CB.HTI OTIJ;I 3 JIABPH CB. CABH Ha~ rroTOKOM Ke~poH, 3a ~Ba~u;JITh MHJih Bi~ €pycaJIHMa, 6y.11a B IV cTopi"'l"'li JiaBpa, KOJIMIIIHH "'lepHe"'la o6HTeJih cB. CaBM. KoJIH IIaJieCTHHY 3aHHJIJIH capau;MHM , 13 6epe3HH o~Ha IXHH BaTara rri~iiiiiiJia rri~ JiaBpy i ~oMaraJiacJI Bi~ MOHaxiB rpomeii.

KoJIH m Ti He Mam1 ru;o IM ~aTH , mirracHMKM rropaHMJIM ~eJIKMX "'leHIJ;iB CTpiJiaMH, a MOHaxa lBaHa TaK BOJIO"'IHJIM 110 3eMJii, lll;O :i1:oro xpe6eT cTaB o~HieiO 6oJiiCHOIO paHoiO. Capau;MHM xoTiJIM

340

21 6epe3H51 :ru;e rri.n;rraJIHTH MOHaCTHp i n;epKBy, O,ll;HaK, rro6a"'IHBIIIH Ha .n;opo3i JIIO,ll;eH, Ham:IKaJIHC.H i IIOBTiKa.TJH, .n;yMaiO"'IH, :ru;o n;e BiHChKO :H.n;e MOHaxaM Ha .n;orroMory.

O.n;HaK yme 20 6epe3H.H, y BeJIHKHH "IleTBep, capan;HHH.~lli;e B 6iJihiiiiH KiJihKOCTi HaiiaJIH Ha MOHaCTHp CB. CaBH i CTaJIH My-qHTH MOHaxiB. O.n;HH 3 HHX, Ha iM'.H Cepri:H, .HKHH cxoBaB .n;oporon;iHHHH n;epKOBHHH rrocy.n;, HaJI.HKaBC.H, :ru;o MO.a<e 3i CTpaxy BH.HBHTH, .n;e CXOBaB n;epKOBHi pe"'li , TOMY IIO"'IaB TiKaTH; aJie capai.J;HHH .n;orHaJIH :Horo i Bi.n;py6aJIH :HoMy roJioBy. KoJIH HarracHHKH cTaJIH rpa6yBaTH KeJiii:, 18 MOHaXiB CXOBaJIHC.H B rre-qepi, .n;e KOJIHCh mHB cB. CaBa. AJie capan;HHH BHCJii,ll;HJIH'ix i HaKa3aJIHIM BHHTH 3 rre"'IepH. O.n;HH 3 "'leHn;iB, Ha iM' .H IlaTpHKi:H, :w;o6 yp.HTyBaTH 6paTiB, BHHIIIOB .n;o6poBiJihHO 3 rre-qepH, crro.n;iBaiO"'IHCh, :w;o capai.J;HHH He 6y.n;yTh IIIyKaTH iHIIIHX, 60 .n;yMaTHMYTh, :ru;o BiH TiJihKH O,ll;HH TaM CXOBaBC.H; aJie HaiiaCHHKH 3aBepHyJIH HOrO Ha3a.n; .n;o rre-qepH, rrepe.n; .HKOIO po3rraJIHJIH BoroHh i .n;HMOM 3a.n;yiiiHJIH 18 MOHaxiB. IHIIIHX, rropaHeHHX, aaJIHIIIHJIH HarriBmHBHX. YBe"'Iepi BHHIIIJia 3 yKpHTT.H peiiiTa MOHaxiB, .HKi cTaJIH p.HTyBaTH rropaHeHHX. O.n;HH 3 HHX, CHJihHO rropaHeHHii, Bi.n;pa3y IIOMep. Y CiX pa30M 3arHHYJIO 20 MOHaXiB. IlaM' .HTh rrpo THX "'leHn;iB, y6HTHX y JiaBpi cB. CaBH, Bi.n;3Ha~ae IJ;epKBa I.J;horo ,ll;H.H. 21 6epe3HH

CB.HTIIH .HKIB BII3HABEIJ;b CB. BH3HaBen;h RKiB :w;e IOHaKoM rroJII06HB rro6omHe mHTT.H. 3rO,ll;OM BCTYIIHB ,L\0 MOHaCTHp.H, .n;e BH3Ha"'laBC.H .L\YXOM MOJIHTBH ll: rrocTiiiHoro BIIOKopeHH.H. ByB BiH cB.H:ru;eHHKOM, a 3ro.n;oM E:IIHCKOIIOM. KoJIH 3a iMrrepaTopa KoHcTaHTHHa KorrpoHiMa HacTaJio .maxJIHBe rrepecJii.n;yBaHH.H 3a BIIIaHyBaHH.H cB. o6pa3iB, 6araTo HaTeprriBC.H ll: cB. RKiB. :fioro 6HJIH TaR, :w;o Bech xpe6eT i rpy.n;H 6yJIH Ha"'le O,ll;Ha cyn;iJihHa paHa; MOpHJIH B TeMHHI.J;i rOJIO,ll;OM, a IIOTiM 3aCy,ll;HJIH Ha 3aCJiaHH.H, .n;e CB. BH3HaBei.J;h yMep Bi.n; paH 756 poKy.

341

22 6epe3HR

CB.HTHH BACHJIIH AHKHPC!»KHH y IIOJIOBHHi IV CTOpit.It.I.fl KOJIH apia.HH IIOIIIHpiOBaJIH CBOK epecb, cB. Bac1miii 6yB CBSim;e HHKOM y MiCTi AliKHpi, B MaJiii A3il. BYB BiH CBSITHM MymeM, m;< ~o6pe rri3HaB yc10 HaYKY XpHCTO· BOl IJ;epKBH IIi~ IlpOBO~OM CTapaHHSIM CBSITOrO €IIHCKOII~ MapKeJIHHa. KoJIH iMrrepaTop KoHcTaHTit rrporHaB MapKeJIHHa Ha 3acJiaH· HH, a €peTHK-HaiiiBapiaHHH IIOcii ftoro BJia~Hl.IHM rrpeCTOJI, CB BacHJiiii He rrepecTaBaB Hara· ~yBaTH CBOIM napa!}liSIHaM, m;o( 3aJIHIIIaJIHCSI BipHHMH KaTO· JIHIJ;bKiM Bipi. 3aB3SITi €peTHKH· apiaHH ycyHyJIH CB. BacHJiiSI Bit CBSIIIl;eHHIJ;TBa i 3a6opOHHJIF i1:oMy rrporroBi~yBaTH. O~HaK CB. BacHJiii1: CB0€10 peBHOIO rrpau;e10 i1: HayKoiO HaBepHyB m;e 6araT< Bi~CTYIIHHKiB ~0 CB. BipH Ta CMiJIHBO 060pOHSIB fi HaBiTb rrepet CaMHM iMIIepaTOpOM, lll;O IIi~TpHMyBaB €peTHKiB. HacTyiiHHM iMrrepaTop, IOJiiaH Bi~cTynHHK, crrot.IaTKY HE rrepecJii~yBaB xpHCTHSIH, 6o H~iSIBCSI XHTpom;aMH ii rroHH:>KeH· HSIM XpncToBoi: Bipn rrpnroTyBaTH Hapo~ ~o rroBepHeHHH I rroraHCTBO. O~HaK ~eKOJIH BiH B~aBaBcSI ~o KapaJibHHX 3aco6h m;o~o xpHCTHSIHCbKHX rrpoBi~HHKiB. KoJIH CB. BacHJiiii 6ea6oSI3HC Bi~KH~aB iMrrepaTOpCbKO-IIOraHCbKi i~ei:, KOHCYJI HaKa3ai yB'SI3HHTH MOrO SIK 6yHTiBHHKa, iHiu;iaTopa IIOBaJieHHSI rroraH· CbKOrO BiBTapH, lll;O rri~6yp10BaB Hapo~ IIPOTH 6oriB TB 3HeBa:>KJIHBO roBopHB rrpoTH iMrrepaTopa Ta iioro peJiiril. Ha cy~i CB. BaCHJiiM CMiJIHBO BH3HaB CBOIO KaTOJIHIJ;bKY Bipy, 3B HKY MOrO :>KOpCTOKO MYl.J:HJIH; IIi~ t.IaC THX TepniHb BiH Bi~~aB ~ TeMHHu;i CBOIO CBHTY ~YIIIY 362 poKy. KoJIH IOJiiaH Bi~cTyiiHHI< 3arHHYB y 6opOTb6i 3 rrepCaMH, XpHCTHHHH 22 6epe3HSI Bi~~aJill npHJIIO~HY t.IeCTb TiJioBi CB. BacnJiiSI i B TOM ~eHh BHpiiiiHJill m;opit.IHO Bi~3Hat.IaTH pOKOBHHH MOrO MYl.J:eHHIJ;TBa.

23 6epe3HI'I

CB.HTHH HIKOH I ,li;PYmHHA CB. HiKoH 6yB CHHOM noraHHHa 3 MicTa Heanomr. Xoli.,.H:oro MaTH 6yJia XpHCTH.HHKa i ID;HpO CTapaJiaC.H HaBepHyTH HOrO ,ll;O XpncToBoi: Bipn, Ta rop.n;n:H: IOHaK, m;o JII06HB BiRChKOBHH cTaH i BeceJie mHTT.H, He 6paB co6i .n;o cepn;.H MaTepHHHX cJiiB, 6o ll:oMy, .HK BiH ra,n;aB co6i, i TaK 6yJio .n;o6pe. TiJihKH o,n;He 3anaM'.HTaB co6i 3 11 IIOB"llaHh: m;o6 y He6e3nen;i ni.n; -qac 6o10 BiH nepexpecTHBC.H Ta npocHB nop.HTYHKY B lcyca XpncTa. Ha Bill:Hi 3aBm,n;n BeJIHKa He6e3neKa. A o,n;Horo ,n;H.H, y po3IIaJii 6oro, OTO"tJHJIH HiKoHa Boporn 3 ycix 6oKiB, i 6yB 6n BiH, neBHO, IIOTpaiiHB y IX Hi pyKH, .HK6H B Haft6iJihiiiiR He6e3nen;i He npnra,n;aB co6i cJiiB cBoe:l no6omHo1 MaTepi; 3a 11 nopa.n;oro BiH 3p06HB Ha co6i 3HaK CB. xpecTa i Bi,n;pa3y BHpBaBC.H 3-IIOMim BOporiB. Ilo6paTHMH ,ll;HByBaJIHC.H HOrO Bi,n;Ba3i, aJie BiH 3HaB, m;o CBOIM p.HTYHKOM BiH 3aB,ll;.H"tJye TiJihKH cBol:H: MaTepi i XpncToBi CnacnTeJIIO. KoJIH HiKOH m;acJIHBO BepHyBc.H .n;o,n;oMy, TO po3Ka3aB n;ro npnro.n;y CBoi:H: MaTepi. To.n;i BOHa Bi,n;KpHJia ll:oMy roJIOBHi npaB,n;H Bipn. HiKoH 3a6amaB cTaTH xpncTH.HHHHO:!l[. Ta ocKiJihKH B HeanoJii -qepe3 nepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpncTH.HH H'e 6yJio CB.HID;eHHKa, BiH BHPYIIIHB Ha ocTpiB Xioc, .n;e nepexoByBaBc.H cB. Teo.n;oci:H:, enncKon KH3HKa, .HKHR .n;o6pe no.HCHHB ll:oMy XpncTOBY Bipy, a noTiM oxpHCTHB H:oro. IlicJI.H CB. Xpnm;eHH.H HiKOH 3aJIHIIIHBC.H IIPH CB. Teo,n;Oci€Bi, .HKHR ,n;aB HOMY peJiiriftHy OCBiTy Ta CKepyBaB .n;o qecHoro .mHTT.H. Bnpo,n;oB.m Tphox JiiT BiH 6yB BHCB.H"tJeHHR Bi,n; ,ll;H.HKOHa ,ll;O €IIHCKOIIa. THM "tJacoM Ha6JinmaBc.H KiHen;h .mHTT.H cB. Teo.n;oci.H. hepe.n; CMepTIO BiH CKa3aB CB. HiKOHOBi 3i6paTH BCiX MOHaXiB, .HKi .)KlfJIH Ha ocTpoBi, H: nepeceJIHTHC.H .n;o Cnn;nJiil, 6o Xioc 6y.n;e CIIYCTOIIIeHHR BapBapaMH. IIOXOBaBIIIH CBOrO CB. XpHCTHTeJI.H, HiKOH i 200 MOHaXiB BHpyiiiHJIH Ha CHD;HJiiiO. ,lJ;opororo BCTYIIHB m;e ,ll;O HeaiiOJI.H Bi,n;Bi,n;aTH CBOIO CTapeHhKY MaTip, .HKa CIIOKiHHO noMepJia Ha H:oro pyKax. Y TOR "'lac CB.HTHR no6aqnBc.H 3i CBOIMH ,n;aBHiMH II06paTHMaMH-BO.HKaMH R 6araTO 3 HHX HaBepHyB ,ll;O XpHCTOBOI Bipn; 10 npHJIY"tJHJIOC.H .n;o H:oro MOHaxiB, i Bci pa3oM: niiiiJIH Ha Cnn;nJiiro.

Ha ocTpoBi CB. HiKOH BH6paB nycTHHHe Micn;e, m;o Ha3HBaJIOC.H Tnri.H, 6iJI.H ni,n;Himm.H ropn TaBpoMiHiiOM Ha,n; pi"tJKoro AcnH, i TaM 3acHysaB MOHaiiiy o6nTeJih. BiJI.H MOHaCTHp.H po3BeJIH rapHHR ca.n; i rop(i).n;, 3 .HKoro MaJIH .n;ocTaTHhO cppyKTiB i ropo,n;HHH Ha ID;O,ll;eHHHR IIpO.mHTOK.

343

24-25 6epe3HR Cepe~ MOJIHTOB, TIOCTiB Ta TIOCTiHHOrO gorOBIIIaHyBaHH.fl CTIOKiHHO npomHB CB. HiKOH 3i CBOlMH MOHaxaMH Ha HOBOMY Micu;i 40 JiiT. Am aa iMrrepaTopa ,II:eKiR, roHHTemr xpncTHRH, rrocJiaB KniHTiaH, iMrrepaTopchKHH HaMicmrK y Cn:r.I;JrJiii:, BO.R:KiB ~o MOHacTirp.R: en. HiKoHa noB6HBaTH Bcix MOHaxiB. CB.R:Toro ~oBro MY'UiJIH, a noTiM aapy6aJIH Me"tJeM Ha~ pi'liKOIO AcuH 250 poKy. TiJio cB. HiKoHa KHHYJIH BO.R:KH Ha poaTepaaHH.R: ~HKHM aBipaM i rrTaxaM. KoJIH ~o Hhoro ni~iM:rnoB HaBimeHHH rracTyx, ~H.R:BOJI Bi~paay TIOKHHYB CBOIO He:r.u;acHy mepTBY, nporHaHHH CHJIOIO, :r.u;o BHXO~HJia 3 Mo:r.u;e:H: CB.R:Toro. KoJIH BiCTKa npo Te 'lly~o ~iM:rnJia ~o MeccHHCbKoro enucKona, BiH pa30M 3 'tJHCJieHHHM ~YXOBeHCTBOM i Hapo~OM 3 BeJIHKOIO TIOlllaHOIO TIOXOBaB TiJIO CB. rrperro~06HOMY'tJeHHKa Ta HOrO 6paTiB-MOHaXiB.

24 6epe3HR

CBHTHH 3AXAP IIpeno~o6HHH

oTeu;h 3axap npomnBaB, npaB.n;orro.n;i6Ho, B MOHacTnpi Ha.n; MOpCbKOIO XapiilchKOIO npucTaHHIO. HaanBaJIH Toil "tJepHe'tJHH ~iM Bi~KPHTHM, Ma6yTh, 38 rOCTHHHiCTb ~0 He3HaHOMHX JIIO,ZJ;eil:, ,ll;JI.fl .R:KHX il:oro ,ZJ;Bepi 6yJIH 3aBm~H Bi~KpHTi. :u;apropo~ChKOMY

24 6epe3HR

CBHTHH APTEMOH JKHTTennc no~aHHH y .n;pyri:H: KHH3i "JKHTT.R: CB.R:THX".

25 6epe3HR

BJIArOBIIII;EHHH llPECBHTO'i BOrOPO,ZI;HIIJ KoJIH Hallli npa6aThKH A.n;aM i €Ba He TIOCJiyxaJIH rocno~a Bora i cBoeiO rrpoBHHOIO crrJIRMyBaJIH Bci MaM:6yTHi JIIO~ChKi .n;yllli nepBopo.n;HHM rpixoM, 3aMKHYBlliH co6i il: ychoMy JIIO~ChKOMY po~oBi .n;ocTyrr .n;o He6a, MHJiocep.n;Hnil: Bar y cnoi:il: rrpeBeJIHKiM: mo6oBi .n;o JIIO~eil: rroo6iu;RB rrocJiaT.H CnacnTeJIR, RKHH yBeCb JIIO,ZJ;ChKHH pi~ cnace Bi~ Bi'tJHOi: rrorn6eJii. I.ll;o6 JIIO~l:i Bi~'tJYJill TIOTpe6y B Bomiil: IIOMO'tJi H cep.n;e'tJHO

344

25 6epe3HH

6a.JKaJIH rrpHxo,n;y o6iu;smoro CrracHTeJI.H, Bar rrocJiaB Horo a.JK rricJI.H ,n;oBrHx poKiB rrpHroTyBaHH.H. A THM qacoM rrocHJiaB ,n;o JIIO,ll;eH CB01X BH6paHHX My.JKiB, rrpaOTIJ;iB i IIpOpOKiB Hara,n;yBaTH JIIO,n;.HM Bo.JKy o6iTHHIJ;IO, po36y,n;JKyBaTH B mo,n;ei1: Bipy B rrpnxi,n; o6in;.HHoro CrracnTeJI.H Ta BeJinKy Tyry 3a HnM, 6e3 SIKora HixTo He B CMJii a,n;o6yTM C06i BiqHe m;aCT.H. TaKoro Tyroro aa o6in;.HHHM CrracHTeJieM rrepeBepnmJia Bcix i3pa1JihT.HH Mapi.H, ,n;oqKa rrpaBe,n;Horo rro,n;py.JKJK.H, HKMMa i1: raHHM. ,lJ;iBqMHKa 3 TpbOX pOKiB CBOrO JKMTT.H 3pOCTaJia H BMXOByBaJiaC.H rrpM epycaJIMMCbKiH CB.HTMHi Ta 6yJia Bi,n; rroqaTKY BM6paHa BoroM Ha MaTip o6in;.HHoro CrracnTeJI.H. Xoq Mapi.H B Toi1: qac m;e He 6yJia CBi,n;oMa CBoro BM6opy, rrpoTe .HK ,n;oqKa i3pa1JihChKoro Hapo,n;y, rroxo,n;.Hqn 3 po,n;y u;ap.H ,[I;aBn,n;a (a caMe 3 Hboro MaB BMHTM Meci.H), cep,n;eqHo 6a.JKa.rra i1: oqiKyBaJia rrpnxo,n;y CrracnTeJI.H cBoro Hapo,n;y i1: po,n;y; Ha6o.JKHO i yBa.JKHo rrpoKa3yBaJia cB. rrcaJIMM, B .HKHX roBopMJIOC.H rrpo Mai1:6yTHboro Meciro, CB.HTO JKMJia i1: ,n;ocKoHaJio rrocB.HTMJia ce6e Bory qepe3 rreprnni1: y CTapoMy 3arroBiTi o6iT ,n;iBMIJ;TBa. "l{eKaHH.H Mapil Ha rrpnxi,n; CrracnTeJI.H cnJioro, i1: qncTOTOIO cepu;.H Ta HaMipiB rrepeBeprnnJio Tyry rraTpiapxiB, rrpopoKiB i Bcix ToroqacHnx iapai:JibT.HH. Bi,n;,n;aJieHa Bi,n; Jiro,n;ei1: cBoero 6e3rpirnHiCTIO i1: Ha,n;3Bnqai1:Horo cB.HTicTro, Mapi.H Bee 6iJihrne i1: 6iJibiiie Ha6JIMJKaJiaC.H ,n;o Bora. Hai1:CB.HTiiiiMH rocrro,n;b CTaB e,n;MHMM o6'eKTOM 11 JII06oBi. Ilpo Bora ,n;yMaJia, 3a HnM TYJKHJia, 3 HnM po3MOBJI.HJia y cep,n;eqHii1: i rrocTii1:Hii1: MOJIMTBi; Bora Jiro6nJia BciM CB01M HerropoqHnM cepu;eM, HoMy 6yJia Bi,n;,n;aHa ,n;yrnero i1: TiJIOM. HeBIIMHHO 3pocTaroqn y TaKnx 6Jiaropo,n;Hnx rroqyBaHH.HX, OC.HrHyJia HaHBMIIJ;Y BepiiiMHy, ,li;OCTYIIHY JIIO,li;ChKiH rrpnpo,n;i: Bo.JKa BOJI.H cTaJia 11 BOJiero. Xoq caMa 6e3rpirnHa, IIpecB.HTa ,[I;iBa Mapi.H BrMHaJiac.H 6iJibiiie, Hi.JK xTo-He6y,n;h iHrnni1:, rri,n; T.HrapeM BMHM iapa1JihCbKoro Hapo,n;y i1: ycboro JIIO,li;CTBa, rroTeprraJia ,n;yrnero qepe3 Bi,n;BepHeHH.H JIIO,n;ei1: Bi,n; Bora H Hap; HaCJii,n;KaMM TMX 3JIQqMHiB, .HKi BORa ,n;o6pe 3HaJia 3i CJiiB CB.HToro IIncbMa. He Maroqn Ha cyMJiiHHi JKo,n;Ho1 oco6ncTo1 rrpoBMHM, 1i1: TMM 6iJihiiie 6oJiiJio JIIO,li;ChKe 6e33aKOHH.H. BoRa 6JiaraJia 3icJiaHH.H o6in;.HHOro CrracnTeJI.H, m;o6 aHiBeqnB ,n;iJio caTaHM, BM3BOJIMB Jiro,n;cTBO, cKepyBaB i1:oro 3HOBY ,n;o Bora Ta Bi,n;HOBMB JKMTT.H cBiTy. ToMy BORa 6yJia roToBa, KOJIM Bar 3BicTMB JIIO,li;.HM ,[I;o6py HoBHHy. A ocKiJihKH Bci 6yJIH rrepeKOHaHi, m;o rrpnxi,n; Mecil-CrracnTeJI.H MOJKe 6yTM Ha6JIMJKeHni1: MOJIMTBOIO i1: ,n;o6pnMM ,n;iJiaMn, To Mapi.H CKJia,n;aJia Ti cBo1 ,n;apn pa30M 3 ,n;ocKoHa.rr.oro rrocB.HTOIO ce6e Bory qepe3 o6iTHHIJ;IO ,n;iBMIJ;TBa rrepe,n; rrpecTOJIOM BceBHIIIHhoro i1: rap.Hqirne Bi,n; ychoro Iapa1JI.H 6JiaraJia

345

25 6epe3HH fioro 3rJIHHYTHC.H Ha,n; JIIO,ll;ChKHM po,n;oM Ta rrocJiaTH iioMy o6i:u;.aHoro CrracHTeJI.a. Bory 6yJIH rrpHeMHi• Ti mepTBH if .n;yrna IIpecB.aTo1 ,[(iBH. IIpo crroBHeHH.H BomHx o6iTHHD;h, .aKi TaK ot.IiKyBaJIH Mapi.a Ta Bci rrpaBe,n;Hi i3pa1JihTHHR, .n;ae HaM BiCTKY CB. €BaHreJiiCT JlyKa: "lliOCTOrO MiCHD;.H aHreJI raBpH1JI 6yB IIOCJiaHHM BoroM y MiCTO B ranHJie1, .HKOMy iM'.H Ha3apeT, .n;o ,n;iBR, 3apYl.JeH01 'IOJIOBiKOBi, Ha iM'.H fiocmp, 3 ,[(aBH,ll;OBOrO ,ll;OMy; iM'.a m ,n;iBH 6yJio Mapi.a. BBiiirnoBrnH .n;o He1, aHreJI cKa3aB 1ft: "Pa.n;yiic.a, 6Jiaro.n;aTHa, rocrro,n;h 3 T06oro! BJiarOCJIOBeHHa TH Mim miHKaMR". BoHa m cTpRBOmHJiach D;RM CJIOBOM i rrot.IaJia po3,n;yMyBaTR B co6i, m;o MorJio 3Hat.IHTH Te rrpHBiTaHH.H. AHreJI 1ft cKa3aB: "He 6iiich, Mapie! TH-6o 3HaiirnJia JiacKy B Bora. Och TH 3at.IHern y JIOHi if Bpo.n;Hrn CRHa, if .n;ac11 iioMy iM' .a I eye. BiH 6y.n;e BeJIRKRM i CRHOM BceBRlliHhOro Ha3BeThC.H. I rocrro,n;h Bor .n;acTh iioMy rrpecTOJI ,[(aBH,n;a, iioro 6aThKa, i BiH :u;aproBaTHMe Ha,n; ,ll;OMOM .flKOBa IIOBiKR if :u;apiOBaHHIO ftoro He 6y,n;e KiHD;.H".

A Mapi.a CKa3aJia .n;o aHreJia: ".HK me BOHO cTaHeThCH, KOJIR .a He 3Haro Myma?" AHreJI, Bi,n;rroBi,n;arot.IH, cKa3aB 1ft: ",[(yx CB.HTHii 3ift.n;e Ha Te6e, if CRJia BceBHlliHhoro Te6e oTiHHTh; TOMY if CB.HTe, m;o Hapo,n;HThCH, Ha3BeThC.H CHH BomHii. Och TBOH po,n;Ht.IKa 8JIRCaBeTa - BOHa TaKOm y CB01ft CTapOCTi 3at.IaJia CHHa, i o:u;e lliOCTHH Mic.HD;h Tift, ID;O 11 3BYTh HeiiJii,n;HOIO; Hit.Ioro 60 HeMa€ HeMomJIHBOro B Bora". To.n;i Mapi.a CKa3aJia: "Ocb H rocrro,n;H.H CJiyrRH.H: Hexaft 30 MHOIO CTaHeThC.H ITO TBO€MY CJIOBy!" I aHreJI Bi,n;iMlliOB Bi,n; He1" (JIK 1:26-38).

Te pa.n;icHe if crraceHHe ,n;JI.a BChoro JIIO,n;ChKoro po.n;y 6JiaroBim;eHH.H Bi,n;6yJIOC.H ,ll;H.H 25 6epe3H.H, 3a 9 MiCHD;iB ,ll;O Hapo,n;meHH.H CrracHTeJI.a, Icyca XpRcTa, KOJIH Mapi.a B cBo1ii y6oriii xaTRHi B Ha3apeTi roTyBaJiac.a rricJI.a 3apyt.IRH 3i cB. fiocmpoM .n;o cBoro 3aKOHHOrO BiHt.IaHH.H. KoJIR apxaHreJI raBpH1JI rrpHBiTaB Mapiro Ha,n;3BR'IaMHHM II03,n;OpOBJieHH.HM: "Pa,n;yftc.H, 6Jiaro,n;aTHa, rociiO,ll;h 3 T06oro!", Mapi.a CTpHBOmHJiac.a, 6o rro.aBa Ha,n;3eMHo1 icTOTH if ,n;HBHi cJioBa IIpHBiTaHH.H BiiD;yBaJIH 1ft .HKYCh Hecrro,n;iBaHKy; B CBOlM rrpeBeJIRKiM IIOKOpi BOHa He 6at.IRJia 3a C060IO Hi.HKHX 3aCJiyr i He MOrJia HaBiTh rro,n;yMaTH, m;o BOHa B Bom11x Bi,n;Bit.IHRX rrJiaHax 3aiiMae Ha,n;3BI1:t.IaftHe Mic:u;e "6JiarOCJIOBeHH01 Mim miHKaMH". A.Jie aHreJI Bi,n;pa3y 3acrroKo1B 11: "He 6iiic.a, Mapie, 6o TH 3HaiirnJia JiacKy B Bora".

Mapi.a, 3HaiOt.IR CB.HTe IIHChMO, Bi,n;pa3y rri3HaJia, m;o Bor BR6paB i rrpH3Hat.IHB 1ft .aKech oco6JIHBe 3aB,n;aHH.H. ApxaHreJI, Hat.Ie Bi.n;ra.n;yrot.IR xi.n; ,n;yMoK IIpecBHTo1 ,[(iBH, HeraiiHo rri,n;TBep,n;HB :u;e ypot.IHCTHM 6JiaroBim;eHH.HM: "Ocb TR 3at.IHelli y JIOHi if

346

r~,1xfte!h

fhlltf\);ttfTfttfht '

fit• C'h T\HifiiO,

BrJIArOBIIUEHHH IIPEqlfCTOi' ~IBM MAPII

347

25 6epe3HR

BpO,LVIIII CMHa, ll ,n;acn llOMY iM' .H Icyc. BiH 6y,n;e BeJIMKMll i CMHOM BceBMIIIHbOro Ha3BeTbC.H. I rocrro,n;b Bor ,ll;l\,CTb llOMY rrpeCTOJI ,1l;aBM,LJ;a, llOrO 6aTbKa, i BiH u;apiOBaTMMe Ha,n; ,li;OMOM .flKOBa IIOBiKM ll u;apiOBaHHlO llOrO He 6y,n;e KiHI.J;.H".

IlpecB.HTa ,1l;iBa Mapi.H, .HKa 3HaJia HarraM'.HTb 6araTo Micu;b CB.HToro IlMCbMa rrpo rrpnxi,n; CrracnTeJI.H, 3po3yMiJia, :ru;o Ha,n;illiiiOB TOll ,n;oBroo"<IiKyBaHMll "<Iac crroBHeHH.H Bomoi o6iTHMu;i Ta :ru;o caMe BOHa BM6paHa Ha MaTip ,n;JI.H o6iu;.HHoro CrracnTeJI.H, rrpo .HKoro TaR rapHo roBopnB KOJIMCh rrpopoK Ica.H: "Bo XJIOII 1 .HTKO H8M HapO,LJ;MJIOC.H, CMHa HaM ,n;aHOj BJia,n;a Ha IIJieqax y Hhoro; i ,n;a,n;yTh llOMY iM'.H: "lly,n;ecHMll rropa,n;HMK, CMJibHMll Bor, 0Teu;h ,n;oBiqHMll, KH.H3h MMpy. I.IJ;o6 36iJihiiiMTM BJia,n;y B 6e3KOHeqHiM MMpi H8 rrpeCTOJii ,1l;aBM,n;a i B llOrO u;apCTBi, II.J;06 lloro yTBep,n;MTM ll yKpirrMTM crrpaBe,n;JIMBMM cy,n;oM Bi,n;HMHi i IIOBiKM, - neBHiCTb rocrro,n;a CMJI u;e qMHMTb" (Ic 9:5-6) . .HK Bomnll BicTyH, Ha"<Ie B nopo3yMiHHi 3i CB. rrpopoKoM IcaeiO, o6'.HBMB Mapi'i Bomi rrJiaHM, B .HKMX BOHa MaJia B3.HTM TaKy 6e3nocepe,n;HIO Y"t!aCTb, IJpeCB.HTa ,1l;iBa, B CBOE:MY HeiiOpO"<IHOMY cepu;i Bi,n;pa3y 3rO,LJ;MJiaC.H CIIOBHMTM Bomy BOJIIO. AJie OCKiJihKM BOHa :ru;e paHiiiie rrpnpeKJia cJiymnTM Bory B ,n;ocMepTHOMY, ,li;OCKOHaJIOMY ,n;iBMI.J;TBi ll II.J;O,li;O TOrO IIOrO,LJ;MJiaC.H Bme 3i CB. fl:oc:ijcpOM, TO Ill 6yJio ,n;MBHO ll He 3po3yMiJio, .HK u;e 3Mome cTaTMCJi. .HK ,n;ocKOHaJia Boma cJiyra BOHa He ,n;nByeTbc.H; .HK IIOBHa 禄<MBOI BipM - He BMCJIOBJIIOE: Hi.HKOrO CYMHiBy, a TiJibKM IIOKipHO IIpOCMTb IIO.HCHeHH.H Ta IIO,LJ;aJiblllMX BKa3iBOK II.J;O,li;O Hei, a BOHa crroBH.HTMMe Bomy BOJIIO 3ri,n;Ho 3 BomMM rrJiaHoM. I rro"<IyJia He6ecHy Bi,n;rroBi,n;h: ",1l;yx CB.HTMll 3ill,n;e Ha Te6e ll cnJia BceBMIIIHboro Te6e oTiHMTh, TOMY CB.HTe, :ru;o Hapo,n;MTbc.H, Ha3BeTbC.H CnH Bomnll". 3 u;nx cJiiB Mapi.H 3po3yMiJia :ru;o u;e cTaHeTbC.H Ha,n;npnpo,n;HMM cnoco6oM, CMJIOIO Bomoi BCeMoryTHOCTi; II CIIH Ha3BeTbC.H CMHOM BomMM, 6o fl:oro 6aTbKOM e He6ecHMll 0Teu;h.

Boma o6iu;.HHKa, .HKY BoHa 3HaJia ,n;oci TiJihKII rri,n; 3acJioHoiO rrpopou;TBa, po3KpiiJiac.H Terrep rrepe,n; oqiiMa Mapi'i, rrepiiioi 3rroMim JIIO,LJ;ell, y .HCHOMY CBiTJii IIOBHOI rrpaB,LJ;M. Terrep BOHa Bme 3HaJia Bee, :ru;o6 ,n;aTII rroBHY ll cBi,n;oMy 3ro,n;y cTaTII MaTip'IO CnacnTeJI.H. AHreJI qeKaB Toro cJioBa, :ru;o MaJio 6 03Ha"<IaTM II 3ro,n;y. I Mapi.H cKa3aJia Te BeJIIIKe cJioBo. He IIIITaiO"<III, :ru;o 6y,n;e ,n;aJii, II.J;O qeKae 'i'i: TeprriHH.H qii pa,n;o:ru;i, BMBMII.J;eHH.H "<III IIOHMmeHH.H, raHh6a "<III CJiaBa, - B TOll BIIpilllaJibHMll ,li;JI.H BCbOrO JIIO,LJ;CTBa MOMeHT rrpMllH.HJia Bomy BOJIIO 3 TieiO caMoiO rroKipHiCTIO, .HKa 6yJia Ill rrpiiTaMaHHOIO 路B ycboMy ,n;oTerrepiiiiHhOMY mMTTi. "0Cb .H, CJiyra rociiO,li;H.H, HeXall 30 MHOIO CTaHeTbC.H IIO

348

25 6epe3HH TBOe:My cJioBy", - cKaaaJia Mapi.H. THMH cJioBaMH BoHa BHJIBHJia CBOIO BOJIIO, ID;O ·xo'Ie TiJibKH O,ll;HOrO - ,ll;OCKOHaJIO CJIY:>KHTH crraceHHHM BomHM aa,D;yMaM. He 6amae: CHHa :i1: MaTepHHCbKHX pa,D;orn;iB ,D;JIJI ce6e O,D;Hoi:, a CrracHTeJIJI :i1: crraciHH.H ,D;JIJI yc:6oro JIIO,ll;CbKOrO po,D;y.

KoJIH Mapi.H cBi,D;oMo :i1: ,D;o6poBiJihHO ,D;aJia aro,11;y Ha Bomi ,11;ii:, B HaHrJIH6IIIiH MOB'IaH:u;i H TaE:MHHI.I;i Bi,D;6yJIOCJI BOIIJIO'IeHHJI Bomoro CHHa. Y rrpe'IHCTOMY JIOHi Herropo'-moi: ,ll;iBH rrol.£aB mHTH BomHH CHH mHTT.HM rrpaB,D;HBo'i JIIO,ll;HHH, a IIpel.£HcTa ,r:(iBa CTaJia rrpaB,D;HBOIO Bomo10 MaTip'IO. Y XBHJIHHY BJiaroBirn;eHHJI cTaJio ,n;i:ilcHiCTIO cpi3H'IHe, TinecHe MaTepHHCTBO IlpecB.HToi: ,r:(iBH Mapil. Ane :iloMy rrepe,n;yBaJio MOpaJibHe, ,n;yXOBHe MaTepHHCTBO, ID;O IIOl.£aJIOCJI rn;e TO,ll;i, KOJIH Mapi.H 3 BeJIHKOIO JII06oB' IO TY:>KHJia 3a CnacHTeJieM :i1: cBo'iMH cep,n;e'IHHMH MOJIHTBaMH 6narana 3icJiaHH.H Mora Ha 3eMJIIO. Te ,n;yxoBHe MaTepHHCTBO nepe,D;yBaJio BorrJio'IeHHIO XpHcTa :i1: TiJieCHOMY MaTepHHCTBY Mapi'i, 6yno rrpHroTyBaHH.HM i rrpH'IHHOIO, 'Iepea JIKY BoHa 6yna BH6paHa Ha MaTip CnacHTeJI.H. Mapi.H rro'IaJia Bomoro CHHa, rn;o6, cTaBIIIH JIIO,ll;HHOIO, BiH cnac JIIO,ll;ChKHH pi.n;. Y I.I;bOMY- BC.H ri,D;HiCTb Mapi'i, 'Li Mic:u;e B BomoMy IJ;apCTBi. l!epe3 TPH Mic.H:u;i Bi,n;6ynoc.H BiHl.£aHH.H IIpecB.HToi: ,r:(iBH Mapil ai CB. MocHcpoM 06pY1:J:HHKOM; y TiHi 3aKOHHoro no,n;pymmJI 6yJia ,11;0 l.£acy rrpHxoBaHa Bi,D; JIIO,n;e:il Tai:Ha ,n;iBHI.I;TBa Bomoi: MaTepi, H Ha,D;rrpHpo,n;He MaTepHHCTBo :i1: l.£y,D;ecHe CHHiBCTBO Icyca XpHcTa. Be3 3aKOHHoro rro,n;pymm.H !eye i Mapi.H 6yJIH 6, HarreBHO, BTpaTHJIH Mi:>K JIIO,ll;bMH ,n;o6pe iM'.H. Ha rraM' .HTb npo TY Ha,n;3BHl.£a:i1:Hy no,n;iiO, KOJIH BomH:il ApxaHreJI rrpHHic IIpel.£HCTi:i1: ,r:(iBi Mapil TY ,n;o6py HOBHHY6JiaroBiCTb npo Hapo.n;meHH.H CnacHTeJI.H cBiTy, CB. IJ;epKBa BCTaHOBHJia BeJIHKe i pa,n;icHe CBJITO- BJiaroBirn;eHHJI . IJ;e CBJITO B,ll;Hl.£HOCTi 3a Bomy Typ6oTy npo cnaciHH.H HaiiiHX ,n;ym. Yce, rn;o CTaJIOCJI B ,n;eHb BnaroBirn;eHH.H, cTaJiocJI ,ll;JI.H Hamoro Bi'IHoro rn;acTJI, 3a rn;o MH rroBHHHi 6yTH B,ll;.Hl.£Hi Bory :i1: Mapil Bee mHTT.H :i1: yc10 Bi'IHiCTb. Bi,n;3Ha'IaTH rro,D;iiO BnaroBirn;eHH.H oKpeMHM CBJITOM rrol.£aJIH xpHCTHJIHH ni.n; KiHe:u;b III CTopil.£'IJI. 3acBi,n;l.£HJia npo :u;e 6y,n;oBa :u;epKBH BJiaroBirn;eHHJI B HaaapeTi nepe,n; 400 poKoM; .HKrn;o 36y,n;yBaJIH TaKy :u;epKBy, TO, IIeBHO, MYCHJia 6yTH 3 THM IIOB'JI3aHa i ::u;epKOBHa 6orocnym6a Ha rraM' .HTb BnaroBirn;eHH.H. TaKa 6orocJiympa 6yJia rrpHHHJITa 3rO,D;OM i B iHIIIHX Mic:u;eBOCTJIX, a 3 'IaCOM CTaJia 3araJibHOIO B YCbOMY XpMCTHJIHCbKOMY CBiTi. 3 rrpoMOBH cB. ABpaMiJI, e:rrHcKorra Ecpeca B VI cTopi'Il.£i,

349

25 6epe3HSl

~oBi~yeMoc.H, ~o B.JiaroBi~eHH.H CB.HTKyBa.JIH crrot.IaTKY B He~i.JIIO rrepe~ Pi3~BOM. Tpy.JI.JI.HHCbKHH Co6op (692 p.) rrocTaHOBHB, ~o B t.Iac Be.JIHKoro IIocTy He MomHa Bi~3Hat.IaTH Be.JIHKe CB.HTO, xi6a ~o CB.HTKyBaTH :u;e:H: ~eHb, .HK :u;e 6y.11o rrpHHH.HTO Ha Cxo~i - 25 6epe3H.H, T06To B t.Iac ~iftcHoro B.JiaroBi~eHH.H. IJ;e:H: 3BHt.Iaft rrpHHH.H.JIH 3ro~oM i Ha 3axo~i. ,l1;eHb 25 6epe3H.H, KO.JIH CTa.JiaC.H IIO~i.H 6.JiarOBi~eHH.H, CTaB ~.JI.H CB. IJ;epKBH BHXi~HOIO TOl.JKOIO IIi~ t.Iac BCTaHOB.JieHH.H :u;epKOBHHX CB.HT Ha t.IeCTb lcyca XpHcTa :H: IlpecB.HTo'i ,l1;iBH MapiL Hapo~meHH.H lcyca XpHcTa CB.HTKYIOTb 25 rpy~H.H, o6pi3aHH.H t.Iepe3 BiCiM ~HiB, T06TO 1 Cit.IH.H, CTpiTeHH.H - COpOKOBOrO ~H.H, T06To 2 .JIIOToro, Hapo~meHH.H cB. HoaHa XpHCTHTe.JI.H - t.Iepe3 TPH Mic.H:u;i rric.JI.H B.JiaroBi~eHH.H, a caMe - 24 t.IepBH.H, cMepTb lcyca XpHcTa - 25 6epe3H.H, T06To Toro caMoro t.IHC.Jia, KO.JIH 6y.11o B.JiaroBi~eHH.H :H: BOII.Jiot.IeHH.H. Te, ~o XpHcToc 6yB po3rr'.HTHH 25 6epe3H.H, CTBep~myiOTb ~aBHi :u;epKOBHi IIHCbMeHHHKH TepTy.JiiaH, cB. Irrrro.JiiT i cB . .ABrycTHH. 0KpeMOIO rrpe:u;iHHOIO IIaM'.HTKOIO, ~0 3a.JIHIIIH.JiaC.H HaM 3 p;HH B.JiaroBi~eHH.H, e CB. MO.JIHTBa "Boropo~H:u;e ,l1;iBo". Toro ~H.H IIOt.IaB CK.Jia~aTH 'i'i CB. ApxaHre.JI raBpHl.JI, KO.JIH rrepiiiHH pa3 rrpHBi'faB MapiiO Be.JIHt.IHHMH c.JioBaMH: "Pa~yftc.H, 6.Jiaro~aT­ Ha, rociiO~b 3 T06oro!" ,l1;pyra t.IaCTHHa Tiel CB. MO.JIHTBH Ha.JiemHTb cB. 8.JIHCaBeTi, .HKa IlpecB.HTY Boropo~H:u;ro, ~o Bi~Bi~a.Jia ii rric.JI.H B.JiaroBi~eHH.H, rrpHBiTa.Jia TaKHMH C.JIOBaMH: "B.Jiaroc.JioBeHHa TH Mim miHKaMH i 6.JiarOC.JIOBeH II.Jii~ .JIOHa TBOro!" 3ro~OM CB. IJ;epKBa ~o~a.Jia Ha rrot.IaTKY c.JioBa: "Boropo~H:u;e ,l1;iBo" :H: "Mapie" i 3aKiHt.IeHH.H: "BoTH rropo~H.Jia XpHcTa Crraca, l36aBHTe.JI.H ~YIII HaiiiHX", 3.11Yt.JH.Jia BCi Tpli t.IaCTHHH B O~He IJ;i.Jie i rrepe~a.Jia HaM Hat.Ie rriCHIO MapiHCbKOl C.JiaBH, .HKOIO Mi.JibHOHH .JIIO~eft pi3HHX HaiJ;iOHa.JibHOCTeH KO»<HOrO ~H.H IIpOC.JiaB.JI.HIOTb IlpeCB.HTY ,l1;iBy Mapiro, MaTip CrracHTe.JI.H HaiiiHX ~yiii. I ~OKH cBiTHTHMe coH:u;e H~ 3eM.JieiO, i y Bit.IHOCTi Bci AHre.JIH :H: yci CB.HTi Be.JIHt.IaTHMYTh 3 .JII06oB'IO CBOIO He6ecHy MaTip THM aHre.JibChKHM rrpHBiToM: "Pa~yftc.H, 6.Jiaro~aTHa Mapie!" ,l1;eHb B.JiaroBi~eHH.H e Ha~3BHt.IaHHO Bam.JIHBOIO rraM' .HTKOIO ~.JI.H Hac ~e TOMY, ~o Toro ~H.H rrepiiiHH pa3 y HoBO MY 3arroBiTi BHBO~HTb Bor rrepe~ He6oM i 3eM.JieiO lcyca XpHcTa, CrracHTe.JI.H cBiTy, :H: IlpecB.HTY ,l1;iBy MapiiO, Bomy MaTip. Ilo.HBa lcyca :H: Mapi'i oc.H.HHa 6.JIHCKOM ~oporo:u;iHHHX t.IecHoT, ~0 CH.JibHiiiie Bi~ C.JiiB IIpOMOB.JI.HlOTb ~0 HaiiiOl ~yiiii Ta 3aoxot.IyiOTh Hac rr.JieKaTH B HaiiioMy mHTTi ~yx Icyca :H: Mapil.

CKi.JihKH ~acT.H, c.JiaBH :H: CH.JIH Bi~piKC.H lcyc y ~eHb B.JiaroBi~eHH.H! HKe y6omecTBO, IIOHHmeHH.H :H: TeprriHH.H rrpHHH.HB BiH

350

26 6epe3Hfl

Toro ,n;H.H, KOJUI Bomnii AHreJI 3anoBiB lloro npnxi.n; Ha 3eMJIIO! To 6yJia u;iJiorraJibHa mepTBa. Toro ,n;H.H Bomnii CnH tiepea npMHH.HTT.H JIIO,li;CbKOI'O TiJia "rrpMMeHIIIMB ce6e CaMOI'O, rrpMHH.HBIIIM BMI'JI.H,ll; CJiyrM" (t:f>Jirr 2: 7). TieiO mepTBOIO Jcyc ru;e BMpa3Hiiiie ii cJiaBHiiiie BM.HBMB nepe.n; HaMM CBOIO JII06oB .n;o Hac . .Il:JI.H Bo~wi: cJiaBM ii cnaciHH.H .n;yiii BMCTatiaJio 6 i MeHIIIoi: mepTBM, o.n;HaK Icyc BM6paB Haii6iJihiiiy, BamKy HaBiTh ,D;JI.H po3yMiHHH, ru;o6 KOJKHa JIIO,li;MHa rri3HaJia 6e3KOHe"'IHY HOI'O JII060B. "lJM MOJKeMO MM 3a Hei:.n;aTM IcycoBi ru;och iHIIIe, Him CBOIO JII06oB .n;o Hboro? ••.

A .HKOIO nperapHOIO B CBiTJii CBOlX BeJIMKMX tieCHOT ITOCTae nepe.n; HaMM B .n;eHb BJiaroBiru;eHH.H IIpecB.HTa .Il:iBa Mapi.H! BoHa noBHa Bomnx JiacK, 6e3rpiiiiHa, HaiitiMCTiiiia Mim npetiMCTMMH, HaHMy,n;piiiia Mim npeMy,n;pMMM, HaHITOKipHiiiia CJiyra rocno,n;H.H. "TH BC.H rapHa ii HeM a B To6i Ba,n;H". X TO .n;o6pe ni3Hae TY Ha,n;3BHtiaiiHy Kpacy .n;yiiii Bomoi: MaTepi, TOM 3 3axonJieHH.HM i JII060B'IO BiTaTHMe ll IIJ;O,li;H.H CB.HTHM rrpHBiTOM: "Pa,n;yHCJI, 6Jiaro.n;aTHa Mapie, rocno.n;h 3 To6oiO!" A npH BoroBi - ii MH xotieMo 6yTH 3 To6oiO, Boma MaTH, .n;o KiHu;.H cBoro JKHTT.H TYT, Ha 3eMJii, ii noTiM- yciO Bi"liHiCTb y IJ;apcTBi Icyca, TBoro CHHa! 26 6epe3HJI

COBOP APXAHrEJIA r ABPHIJIA CB. eBaHreJiicT lloaH 3arrHcaB B AnoKaJiirrcHci, ru;o B He6i nepe.n; BomHM npecTOJIOM, CTO.HTh ciM aHreJiiB. "BJiaro.n;aTb BaM i MHp Bi,D; TOI'O, XTO e, XTO 6yB i XTO npHXO,li;HTb; i Bi,D; CiMOX .n;yxiB, .HKi - nepe.n; npecTOJIOM iioro" (O.n; 1:4).

Ti ciM .n;yxiB - u;e HaHBHru;i Bomi yp.H,n;HHKH, HacTa'tJHHKH iioro ,n;Bopy, ynpaBHTeJii IJ;epKBH. CB. 0Tu;i no.n;aiOTb HaM iMeHa THX ciMOX .n;yxiB: MHxai:JI, raBpHi:JI, Pacpai:JI, Ypii:JI, CeaJITii:JI, €ry,n;ii:JI, Bapaxii:JI. IMeHa THX ceMH aHreJiiB MaiOTb oco6JIMBe aHa"lleHH.H, noB'H3aHe a aaB,n;aHH.HMH KomHoro. 3ra.n;Ky npo u;e MaeMo B CB.HTOMY IlHChMi, .n;e ii,n;eThC.H npo Tphox aHreJiiB. MHxai:JI oaHaqae "XTo .HK Bor". CBOIO HaaBy o.n;epmaB CB. MHxai:JI Bi.n; cBoi:x cJiiB, .HKi BiH BHI'YKHYB TO,D;i, KOJIH 36YHTOBaHOI'O JliOTI;Hrrepa i HOI'O I'Bap,n;iiO CKH,D;aB 3 He6a ,li;O,li;OJIY. raBpHlJI 03Haqae "Boma My,n;piCTb", CHJibHHH y Boai. CB. raBpHlJI ITOCTaBJieHHH Ha.n; BiHHaMH H aMiHaMH u;apcTB, .HK BBamae cB. €poHiM. Pa4Ja'iJI oaHatiae "BomHii JiiK". CB. Pa4Jai:JI 6yB rrpoBi,D;HHKOM MOJio.n;oro ToBil, Bi.n;6yB 3 HHM ,D;aJieKy ITO,D;Opom i ,n;aB JiiK Ha oqi CTapoMy TOBHTOBi (TOB 5).

351

26 6epe3H5l YpilJI 03Ha"tJae "TipocBiTHTeJib 3aTeMHeHHX'~. CeaJITii:JI - "ToM:, ~0 MOJIHTbC.H H CIIOHyKae ,li;O MOJIHTBH", €ry,D;ilJI "ToM, ~0 cJiaBHTb Bora :H rroMi"tJHHK THX, m;o Tpy,n;.HTbC.H", Bapaxii:JI "BicTyH Bomoro 6JiarocJioBeHH.H".

Tipo cB. apxaHreJia faBpH'iJia, CB.HTO .HKoro rrpHrra,n;ae Ha HaCTYIIHHH ,n;eHb rricJI.H BJiaroBim;eHH.H, CB.R:Te TIHCbMO 3ra,n;ye 4 pa3H. B CTapoMy 3arroBiTi CB . faBpH'iJI 3'.R:BJI.R:BC.fl ,n;Bi"tJi CB. rrpopoKOBi ,[(aHHIJIOBi :H 3BiCTHB HOMY rrpo rrpHxi,n; Meci'i Ta 3pyHHYBaRH.fl CB.fiTHHi. Ilpo :u;e IIHIIIe CB. ,[l;aHHlJI TaK: "KoJIH rOBOpHB .fi m;e Ha MOJIHTBi, Mym faBpHlJI, .fiKOrO .H paHiiiie 6a"tJHB y BH,D;iHHi, JieTiBIIIH IIIBH,li;KO, ,li;OTOpKHYBC.fl ,!];0 MeHe IIi)]; "tlaC Be"tJipHbOl mepTBH, i, HaB"tJaiO"tJH MeHe, 3arOBOpMB ,li;O MeHe, MOBHBIIIH: ",[l;aHH'iJie! O:u:e .R: rrpHHIIIOB, m;o6 HaB"tJHTH Te6e po3yMiHH.fl ... CiM,n;ec.R:T ce,n;MH:U:b rrpH3Ha"tJeHo ,D;JI.H TBor o Hapo,D;y i ,li;JI.H TBOrO CB.fiTOrO MiCTa, am ,li;OKH He 6y,n;e KiHe:U:b 3Jiy, He 3aiTe"tJaTaiOTb rpix i He CIIOKYTYIOTb 6e33aKOHCTBO, Ta IIOKH He 6y,n;e IIpHBe,n;eHO Bi"tJHY crrpaBe,D;JIHBiCTb, ITOKJia,n;eHO rre"tJaTh Ha BH,n;iHH.fl Ta Ha rrpopoKiB i rroMa3aHo CB.R:Te Ha,D; CB.R:THMH. Tom 3HaH i 3p03yMiH: Bi,n; BHXO,n;y CJIOBa, m;o6 Bi,n;6y,D;yBaTH €pyCaJIHM ,n;o IloMa3aHoro KH.fl3.fl - ciM ce,D;MH:U:b. A -qepe3 IIIicT,n;ec.R:T ,D;Bi Ce)l;MH:U:i 3HOB 6y,n;e Bi,n;6y,n;oBaHHH MaH,n;aH i piB, aJie B TiCHOTi -qaciB. A no IIIicT,n;ec.HT ,n;Box ce,n;MH:U:.R:X TioMa3aHHH 6y.n;e 3HeceHHH, i Hi"tJoro He 6y,n;e ,n;JI.R: Hboro. A MicTo :H CB.R:THHIO 3py:HHye Hapo,n; Bom,n;.R:, ~o rrpH:H,n;e; KiHe:U:b me :Horo 6y,n;e B rroBiHi, i am ,n;o KiH:U:.fl 6y,n;e BiHHa - BHpiiiieHH.fl crrycToiiieHb. I 3 6araTbMa BiH YTBep,n;HTb COl03 rrpOT.R:rOM ce,n;MH:U:b, a B IIOJIOBHHi ce,n;MH:U:i cKacye mepTBY :H o«tJipy. I Ha CB.HTHHi 6y,n;e rH,D;b maxJIHBa, am ,D;OKH BHpiiiieHa py'iHa He crriTKae :H caMoro CITYCTOIIIHHKa". ()J;aH 9:21-22, 24-27).

Y HoBoMy 3arroBiTi cB. faBpH'iJI 3'.R:BHBC.fl rrepiiiHH pa3 cB. CB.R:IIJ;eHHKOBi 3axapil, 6aTbKOBi cB. Il.l:oaHa IIpe,n;Te"tJi :H cKa3aB :HoMy rri,n; -qac rrpHHeceHH.H mepTBH n CB.HTHHi: "He 6i:Hc.H, 3axapie, 60 TBO.fl MOJIHTBa BHCJiyXaHa; .iKiHKa TBO.H €JIHCaBeTa IIOpO,li;HTb To6i CHHa, i TH .n;acH :HoMy iM'.R: Il.l:oaH ... .H - faBpH'iJI, m;o cToiO rrepe,n; BoroM, i MeHe rrocJiaHo 3 To6oro roBopHTH Ta rrpHHeCTH T06i :U:IO 6JiaroBiCTh .•. " (JIK 1:13, 19).

A "IIIocToro MiC.R::U:.fl aHreJI faBpH'iJI 6yB rrocJiaHHH BoroM y MicTo B faJIHJiei:, .R:KOMy iM'.H Ha3apeT, ,n;o ,D;iBH, 3apy"tleHo1 "tJOJIOBiKOBi, Ha iM'.fl llocmll, 3 ,[(aBH,li;OBOrO ,n:oMy; iM'.fl .iK ,n;iBH 6yJio Mapi.R:. BBiHIIIOBIIIH ,n;o He!, aHreJI cKa3aB 'i:H: "Pa,n;y:Hc.R:, 6Jiaro,D;aTHa, rocrro,n;b 3 T06oro ... Ocb TH 3a"tJHeiii y JIOHi II Bpo,n;HIII CHHa, i ,n;acH HOMY iM' .R: Icyc" (JIK 1: 26-28, 31). Ili,n; -qac Tie'i 3' .fiBH CB. faBpHlJI CIIOBHHB pa,n;icHe H IIO"tJeCHe 3aB,n;aHH.fl,

352

27 6epe3HSI

rrpMHicnm: Mapii: Bi.n; Bora rrpen;iHHY BicTKY rrpo rrpMxi.n; Ha cBiT o6in;.aHoro CrracHTeJI.a Ta rrpo BH6ip Mapii: Ha iioro MaTip. Y CB. IJ;epKBi 3 caMoro rro~aTKY 6yJio po3yMiHH.H BH3Ha~Horo Micn;.a CB. faBpM'iJia B Bo.mHx rrJiaHax m;o.n;o Harnoro crraciHH.H, TOMY n;eii Bo.mHii rrocJiaHen;h oco6JIHBO BrnaHoByeThC.H xpMCTHJfHaMH. B PHMi 36eperJiac.a rrpM ArrrrieBiii .n;opo3i cTapoBHHHa KaiiJIHD;.H 3 HaMaJihOBaHHHM CB. apxaHreJIOM faBplllJIOM Ha CTiHi, m;o e .n;oKa30M .n;aBHhoro iioro BrnaHyBaHH.H XpMcToBoiO IJ;epKBOlO. Ilo.n;i6HHX 3o6pa.meHh cB. faBpM'iJia 6yJio 6araTo .HK Ha xpHCTH.HHChKOMY Cxo.n;i, TaK i Ha 3axo.n;i, a n;e cBi.n;~HTh rrpo Te, m;o pa3oM 3i cB.HTOM BJiaroBim;eHH.H CB. IJ;epKBa BlllaHoByBaJia CB. faBpH'iJia, BicTyHa BeJIM:Koro Bo.moro o6'.aBJieHH.H. CB.aTo CB. faBpM'iJia Ha3M:BaiDTh co6opoM ~epe3 BeJIHKY KiJihKiCTh JilO,ll;eH, .HKi CXO,ll;HJIHC.H TOrO ,ll;H.H ,ll;O n;epKOB Ha 6orocJiy.m6y.

27 6epe3HH

CB.HTA MATPOHA COJIYHCbKA CB. MaTpoHa 6yJia HeBiJihHHn;ero eBpeHKlf lla:BTHJii, .miHKlf COJiyHChKOrO BOE:BO,ll;lf, .HKiH 6yJia ~y.ma XpllCTlf.HHChKa peJiiri.H; BOHa ~aCTO HaMOBJI.HJia II060.mHy MaTpoHy Bi.n;peKTHC.H XpHcToBo1 BipH:, a KOJilf rro6o.mHa ,ll;iB~HHa HerroxHTHO CTO.HJia B Icyci, IlaBTHJI.H .mopcToKo MCTHJia 1ii. CB. MaTpoHa 3HOCHJia TeprreJIHBO cBo1 CTpa.m.n;aHH.H, ,ll;06pOCOBiCHO BlfKOHyBaJia BCi CB01 ,ll;OMalllHi o6oB' .H3KH, rap.a~e MOJIHJiac.a ii XO,ll;HJia ,ll;O n;epKBlf. KoJIH o.n;Horo .n;H.a CB. MaTpoHa BepHyJiaC.H 3 n;epKBlf, IlaBTHJI.H CIIHTaJia 11, ~OMy BOHa 3HOBY XO,ll;HJia ,ll;O n;epKBlf 3aMiCTh TOro, m;o6 HTH .n;o CHHarorH. CB.aTa Bi,ll;IIOBiJia: "TiJihKlf B XpHCTlf.HHChKiH n;epKBi rrepe6yBae Bar, a Bi.n; i3pa1JihT.HH BiH Bi.n;cTyrrHB

353

28 6epe3HH

tiepe3 3aKaM' .HHiJiiCTh 'ixHix cep,n;eu;h". 3a Ti <;_JioBa IlaBTHJI.H ,n;yme IT06HJia CB. MaTpOHy, ITOTiM 3B'.H3aJia i KHHyJia ,ll;O TeMHOl ITHBHHD;i. AJie HaCTYITHOrO ,ll;H.H BOHa 3aCTaJia CB. ,n;iBHD;IO po3B'.H3aHOIO, 6o nyTa ca.Mi 3 He'i nocna,n;aJIH. To,n;i IlaBTHJI.H 3HOBY cKa3aJia HeMHJiocep,n;Ho no6HTH H .mnJiaMH, KHHYTH 3B' .H3aHY ,n;o nHBHHu;i :ft 3aMKHYTH ,n;Bepi. IIpoTe tiepe3 3 ,n;Hi 3HaHIIIJIH cB. MaTpoHy 3HOBY po3B'.H3aHy :ft 3arJIH6JieHy B cB. MOJIHTBH. To,n;i mopcToKa IlaBTHJI.H 3BeJiiJia TaR HeMHJiocep,n;Ho 6HTH CB. MaTpOHy ITaJIHD;.HMH, IIJ;O BOHa a6o B pyKaX CBOIX MYlJHTeJiiB, a6o 'Iepe3 KiJihKa ,n;HiB rricJI.H THX rro6o'iB rroMepJia. TiJio cB. MYtieHnu;i IlaBTHJI.H HaKa3aJia BHKHHYTH Ha BYJIHD;IO. XpHCTH.HHH, no6a'IHBIIIH TiJio cB. MaTpOHH, rroxoBaJIH :ftoro 3 rromaHoiO, a errncKorr CoJiyH.H OJieKcaH,n;p 36y,n;yBaB Ha ii 'IeCTh rapHy u;epKBY. JKopCTOKa IlaBTHJI.H He,ll;OBrO TiiiiHJiaC.H CBOlM .)KHTT.HM, 60 'Iepe3 KiJihKa ,n;HiB rricJI.H cMepTi CB. MaTpOHH Hecrro,n;iBaHo IIOTpaiTHJia B MaiiiHHy, IIJ;O BHTHCKaJia BHHOrpa,n;, i B Hill 3arHHyJia. ,ll;i.HJIOC.H u;e B II cTopiti'Ii. 28 6epe:J111H

CBHTH:A IJIAPIOH HOBHH CB. IJiapioH HoBHH ru;e IOHaKoM rroJII06HB Bora rroHa,n; yce, 6e3 BaraHH.H IIOKHHYB CBiT 3 yciMa :ftoro IIpHMaHaMH, a CaM y MaJiiH, TeMHiH MOHaiiiiH KeJii'i IIO'!aB rrpOCJiaBJI.HTH Bora ru;o,n;eHHHMH MOJIHTBaMH i IIOCTaMH, Hi'IHHMH 'IyBaHH.HMH i THXHM, 'IHCTHM .)KHTT.HM. 3aB,ll;.HKH THM '!eCHOTaM BiH 6yB BHCB.H'!eHHH Ha CB.HIIJ;eHHKa, a 3rO,ll;OM BH6paJIH HOrO MOHaXH MOHaCTHp.H IleJieKHTa rro6JIH3Y feJiecrroHTY, B MaJii:ft A3i'i, CBO'iM iryMeHoM. Bar Ha,n;iJIHB rro6omHoro IJiapioHa ,n;apoM TBopeHH.H tiy,n;ec: BiH 03,ll;OpOBJI.HB CJiiiiHX i KpHBHX, CBOlMH CJIOBaMH Bi,n;raH.HB IIIKi,ll;HHKiB 3 HHB i BHHOrpa,n;HHKiB, MOJIHTBOIO CTpHMyBaB CHJihHHH rpa,n;, po3,n;iJIHB piKy, ru;o6 MO.mHa 6yJio rrepeHTH cyxo,n;oJioM Ha ,n;pyrnil 6iK, omHBJI.HB cyxi pyKH He,n;ymnM, HarroBH.HB ciTi pH6aJIOK pH60IO, .HKIIJ;O 6yJia 6e3yCIIiiiiHOIO lXH.H npan;.H, nporaH.HB 3 JIIO,n;e:ft 3JIHX ,n;yxiB. llocmp IIicHennceu;h rrpocJiaBHB cB. IJiapioHa .HK yB' .H3HeHoro i MYlJeHoro 3a BIIIaHyBaHH.H cB. o6pa3iB B 'lac rrpaBJiiHH.H iMnepaTopa KoHCTaHTHHa KorrpoHiMa (750 p.) a6o :ftoro HacTynHHKa JleBa BipMeHHHa.

354

28--29 6epe3HSI

Ha3HBaiOTb npeno.n;o6Horo lJiapioHa HoBHM, w;o6 Bi.n;pi3HHTH iioro Bi.n; cB. lJiapioHa ,ll;arrMaTCbKoro.

28 6epe3HSI

..

~B.HTHH CTETIAH qy,n;OTBOPEIJ;b

Ilpeno.n;o6HHM CTenaH l.Jy.n;oTBope:o;b 6yB iryMeHoM TpHKJii:iicbKoro MOHRCTHp.H. CBOlM no6omHHM jKJITTHM i p03YMHHMH TIOB"tJRHHHMH ,ll;OTIOMRraB 6araTbOM CBOlM Y"tJHHM BeCTH 6orOBrO,ll;He jKJITT.H. 3a iMnepaTopa JleBa BipMeHHHa 6yB yB' H3HeHHM i nporHaHHM 3 Kparo Ha 3RCJIRHHH 3a BIIIRHOBYBRHHH CB. o6pa3iB. Ha TOMy 3aCJiaHHi, 3MopeHHM TepniHHHMH ii HecTaTKaMH, 3aKiH"tJHB mHTTH cB. XpncToBoro BH3HaB:o;H npn6JIH3HO 820 poKy. 29

6epe3HSI

CB.HTHH MAPKO APETYCIHCbKHH Y JliBaHCbKHX ropax B MicTi ApeTyci 3a "tJaciB iMnepaTopa KoHcTaH:o;i.a enncKonoM 6yB MapKo. 3a 3ro.n;o1_0 iMnepaTopa BiH .n;oMirc.a 3pyiiHyBaHHH BeJIH"tJHo'i rroraHCbKO'i CBHTHHi B ApeTyci, a Ha ll Mic:o;i 36y.n;yBaB XpHCTHHHCbKY :o;epKBY. 3aB,ll;HKH CB.HTOMY mHTTIO ii arrocTOJibCbKiii peBHOCTi MapKa 6araTo rroraH rrpniiHHJIH XpncToBy Bipy. ApeTyciiicbKi rroraHH 6yJIH o6ypeHi Ha cB. MapKa, aJie MOB"tJaJIH, 6o xpncTHHHCbKa Bipa iMrrepaTopa CTpHMYBaJia lX Bi,ll; IIOMCTH. AJie npniirnoB "tJac, KOJIH iMrrepaTopoM cTaB lOJiiaH, Bi.n;cTyrrHHK Bi.n; XpncToBo'i Bipn. BiH BH,ll;aB TaKHM HaKa3: xTo 3pyii:HyBaB noraHCbKY :o;epKBY, IIOBHHeH Bi.n;6y.n;yBaTH ll CBOlM KOIIITOM a6o 6yTH TIOKapaHHM. ApeTyCiMCbKi rroraHH CTaJIH BHMaraTH, w;o6 cB. MapKo Bi.n;6y.n;yBaB 'iM CBHTHHIO. He MaiO"tJH Ha :o;e Hi rporneii, Hi 6amaHHH, cB. MapKo BTiK 3 ApeTycn; arre KOJIH ,ll;OBi.n;aBCH, ID;O YB'H3HHJIH ,l];e.HKHX MOrO BipHHX, IIOBepHyBCH i .n;o6poBiJibHO 3,ll;aBCH cBo'iM BoporaM. Po3JIIO"tJeHi rroraHH THrJIH iioro 3a BOJiocc.a BYJIHD;HMH MicTa, 3.n;epJIH 3 Hboro o.n;emy, 6HJIH 6H"tJaMH, BKHHYJIH ,ll;O MiCbKOrO KaHaJiy, a IIOTiM Bi.n;.n;aJIH Ha 3HyiD;aHHH IIIKOJI.HpaM, ID;06 KOJIOJIH MOrO 3aJii3HHMH raKaMH. BoHR 3B'.a3aJIH iioro Horn MOTY3KaMH TaK w;iJibHo, w;o rropi3aJIH iioro TiJio am .n;o KOCTi, a o.n;Ho"tJacHo rroni.n;pi3yBaJIH iioMy MiD;HHMH HHTKaMH nyxa. BKiH:o;i HaMaCTHJIH iioro TiJio Me.n;oM i

• 355

29 6epe3HH noBiCHJIH B .HKiHCb KJiiTD;i oniB,n;Hi, B CaMy ~neKy, Ha nomHBY 6.n;moJiaM i ocaM. TepnJI.H'IH TaKi MYKH, CB. MapKo 36epiraB BeJIHKHH cnoKi:ti:; a KOJIH :ti:oro o6ciJIH H CKyCaJIH B Till KJiiTD;i am ,li;O KpOBi KOMaXH, CB. MapKO rn;e HaCMiXaBC.H 3 CBOlX MyqHTeJiiB, rn;o BOHH ni,n;HeCJIH :ti:oro 6JIHm'le .n;o He6a, a caMi noB3aiOTb no 3eMJii. IIo6a'IHBIIIH TaKy repo:ti:cbKY qecHoTy CB. MapKa, noraHH BpeiiiTi CXaMeHyJIHCb i BHnyCTHJIH HOrO Ha BOJIIO. lMnepaTopCbKHH HaMiCHHK 3BepHyBC.H ,li;O iMnepaTopa 3 npoxaHH.HM nOMHJIYBaTH cB. MapKa. lMnepaTop noro,n;HBC.H Ha u;e, KamyqH, rn;o BiH He xoqe po6HTH 3 xpHCTH.HH My'leHHKiB. Ma6yTh, i noraHCbKH:ti: pHTop Jii6aHi:ti: no6a'IHB, rn;o nepecJii,n;yBaHH.H xpHCTH.HH TiJihKH .n;onoMarae 'ixHi:ti: cnpaBi, TOMY npocHB noraH 3aJIHIIIHTH xpHcTH.HH y CnOKOIO. !CTOpHK CoKpaT nHIIIe, IIJ;O apeTyciHCbKi noraHH HacTiJihKH 6yJIH BpameHi MyamicTIO cB. MapKa, rn;o npocHJIH p03nOBiCTH lM npo TY peJiiriiO, IIJ;O ,n;ae TaKy CHJIY B TepniHH.HX. BaraTo 3 HHX To,n;i npHHH.HJIH xpHCTH.HHCTBO. 3 Toro qacy cB. MapKoBi Bme He 3ano,n;i.HJIH Hi.HKo'i KpHB,n;H am ,li;O CaMOl :ti:oro CMepTi. 3aKiH'IHB CBOe mHTT.H npeno,n;06HHH oTeD;b MapKo npH6JIH3HO 362 poKy. "Y

29 6epe3HJr

CB.HTHH KHPHJIO ,ll;li.HKOH CB. KHpHJIO 6yB ,li;H.HKOHOM y MiCTi reJiionoJii (JliBaH). 3a Te, rn;o BiH nopo36HBaB noraHCbKHX 6omKiB 3a qaciB iMnepaTopa KoHcTaHu;i.H, noraHH 3a iMnepaTopa IOJiiaHa TaK HeMHJiocep,n;Ho no6HJIH :ti:oro, IIJ;O am HyTporn;i 6yJIO BH,li;HO, a BKiHD;i BH,n;epJIH 3 HbOrO mHBD;eM ne'liHKY i 3'IJIH. Y TaKHX MyKaX Bi,n;,n;aB CB. MyqeHHK Bory cBoro .n;yxa.

3a qaciB IOJiiaHa Bi,n;cTynHHKa noraHH cTaJIH Ha,n;3BH'Ia:ti:Ho 3YXBaJii :ti: mopcToKo MY'IHJIH xpHCTH.HH, roJIOBHO no MicTax IIaJieCTHHH, CHpi'i Ta €rHnTy. rHHYJIH 'IOJIOBiKH, miHKH :ti: ,n;iTH. Bcix THX cB. MyqeHHKiB, rn;o 3arHHYJIH 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy 3a iMnepaTopa IOJiiaHa Bi,n;cTynHHKa, 3ra.n;ye cB. IJ;epKBa pa30M 3i cB. MapKoM i cB. KHpHJIOM. "TH 3'.HBHBC.H CBiTJIOIO 30peiO, .HKOl CBiT He o6MaHyB, COHD;e XpHcTa 3Birn;aiO'IH 30p.HMH CBOIMH, cTpacToTepnqe KHpeJie, Bech 06MaH noraCHB, HaM me ,n;aeiii CBiTJIO, MOJIHC.H 6e3nepecTaHKY 3a Bcix Hac".

356

30 6epe3HSI

CBHTHH IBAH JIICTBHqHHK Y cepe,n;HhOBi"<l"<li rrorryJI.apHOIO 6yJia ,n;yXOBHa KHIDKKa ")l;pa6HHa ,ll;OCKOHaJIOCTi1', a6o ")l;pa6HHa ,n;o paro". HarrHcaB ii CB. CHHaii:ChKHH irYMeH IBaH, rn;o Bi,n; CBOel KHHmKH o,n;epmaB Ha3BY JlicTBH"<IHHK, a6o KJiiMaK (KJiiMaC-JiiCTBHIJ;a - ,n;pa6HHa).

ByB BiH Y"<~HeM cB. fpHropi.a Ha3H.HHCbKoro; po,n;oM, Ma6yTh, 3 IlaJieCTHHH. KoJIH iioMy 6yJio 16 JiiT, BiH IIOKHHYB CBiT i BCTyIIHB ,ll;O MOHaCTHp.H, ID;O CTO.HB 6iJI.a rri,n;Himm.a ropH CHHaii.

8rHrreTChKHii MOHax AMMoHiM:, .HKHH 6yB TaM 6JIH3hKO 370 poKY, 3aCBi,n;-qye, ID;O CHHaHCbKi MOHaXH BeJIH TaM ,n;yme CYBOpe jKHTT.H. He BmHBaJIH BOHH Hi xJii6a, Hi M' .aca, Hi BHHa, a mHBHJIHC.a roJIOBHO cpir'aMH M: moJiy,n;.aMH. IIIiCTh ,n;HiB rrpoBO,ll;HJIH no caNrlTHHX KeJii.ax Ha ropi, a B cy6oTy CXO,ll;HJIHC.H ,ll;O CIIiJihHOl u;epKBH, ID;O CTO.HJia Ha TOMY Micu;i, ,n;e KOJIHCh Bar o6'.aBHBC.H cB. Mo:iiceeBi B rraJiaiO"tJ:OMY Kyrn;i. Y u;epKBi Bi,n;rrpaBJI.HJIH JIHTiiO, IIpHCTYIIaJIH ,ll;O CB. CIIOBi,n;i, a B He,n;imo 6yJIH Ha CJiym6i Bomi:ii, rrpHcTyrraro"<~H crriJihHO ,n;o CB. IlpH"<~acT.a. IlicJI.a 6orocJiym6H po3xo,n;HJIHC.H 3HOBY ,n;o cBo'ix KeJii:ii. BoroMiJihiJ;i 6yJIH BHcyrneHi rrocTaMH M: Hi"<IHHMH qyBaHH.HMH. ByJIH MiJK THMH MOHaXaMH IOHaKH, .HKi 'l'aK peBHO HacJii,n;yBaJIH pi3Hi qecHOTH M: BIIOKopeHH.a cTaprnHx, rn;o 6yJIH IIIBH,n;rne cxomi Ha aHreJiiB, Him Ha mo,n;e:ii.

Ilepe,n; THM, .HK IBaHa rrpHHH.HJIH ,n;o MOHaCTHp.a, BiH Bi,n;6yB 4 pOKH HOBiiJ;i.HTY, IIiCJI.H "<I OrO HOrO ,ll;OIIYCTHJIH ,ll;O MOHaiiiHX o6iTiB i Bi,n;,n;aJIH rri,n; ,n;yxoBHHii rrpoBi,n; cTaporo M: rrpaBe,n;Horo MOHaxa MapTHpi.a. B ,n;eHb "rrocTpHJKHH" iryMeH CTpaTer'i:ii cKa3aB rrpo IBaHa, rn;o BiH 6y,n;e BeJIHKOIO 3opero cBiTy. KoJIH o,n;Horo pa3y rrpH:iirnoB MapTHpi:ii 3i cBo'iM y-qHeM ,n;o 6JiameHHoro AHacTaci.a CHHa'iTCbKoro, Toft, rro6a"tJ:HBHIIIH IBaHa, crrHTaB MapTHpi.a, 3Bi,ll;KH B HhOrO TaKHH y-qeHh. - .ff IIOCTpHr ftoro! - Bi,ll;IIOBiB MapTHpift.

3,n;HBOBaHHH AHacTaci:ii cKa3aB To,n;i: -• TH rrocTpHr iryMeHa CHHaiichKO'i ropH!

357·

30 6epe3HSI

;.

IHmHM pa30M npnMmOB MapTnpiM 3 baHoM ~o cTapeHhKoro MOHaxa B fy.n;iMChKiM nycTHHi, IBaHa CaBa'iTH. BJia.meHHHM IBaH o6MHB MOJio.n;oMy ~HeBi Horn Ta ~e non;iJIYBaB Moro pyKy. Yt.IeHh CaBa'iTH, CTenaH, cnnTaB To.n;i cBoro Bt.IHTeJI.a, t.IOMY BiH o6MHB Horn ~HeBi, a He ~HTeJieBi? A TOM Bi.n;noBiB: - He 3Haro, xTo TOM MOJIO)l;HM MOHax, aJie .a npHMH.RB iryMeHa CnHaMChKO'i ropn i MOMY o6MHB Horn.

Ti nepe.n;6at.IeHH.R 3ro.n;oM cnoBHHJIHC.R. 3i CBOIM .n;yxoBHHM npoBi)l;HHKOM MapTnpieM npomHB IBaH 19 JiiT. IIicJI.a Moro cMepTi, noceJIHBC.R CB. IBaH Ha 35 pon;i .mnTT.R y nycTHHHiM Micn;eBocTi ToJia, .n;e BiB caMiTHe mHTT.R. TiJihKH KO.mHOl cy60TH M He)l;iJii BiH npHXO~HB )l;O n;epKBH Ha cniJihHi 6orocJiy.m6n i npnMH.RTT.R cB. TaMH. Y cBo'iH caMiTHiM KeJii'i _cB. IBaH 6araTo MOJIHBC.R, 3aJIHBaBc.R peBHHMH cJii3hMH po3Ka.RHH.R, .RKHMH onJiaKyBaB cBo'i M JIIO)l;ChKi rpixn, Ta npocnB Bo.moro MHJiocep.n;.a. Bi.n; qacTnx cJii3 Ha3HBaJin Moro net.Iepy "CJih030TOl.IHBOIO". 3aB.m,ll;H qyBaB H~ CBOlM cepn;eM, ~06 He 6yJIO B HhOMY Hi.RKHX l.IYTT8BHX no.ma.n;aHh, a6H 6e3 nepemKO)l;H ni.n;HoCHTH .n;yx .n;o cBoro TBopn;.a. Y 'i.mi M cnot.IHHKY 6yB noMipKOBaHHM .n;aroqn CB08MY TiJiy TiJihKH Heo6xi.n;He. Ilpo cep.n;et.IHiCTh M ycnimHiCTh Moro MOJIHTOB cBi)l;t.IHTh TaKa no.n;i.a. O.n;Horo MOHaxa, MoMce.a, .RKHM 6a.maB HacJii.n;yBaTn Moro qecHOTH, CB.RTHM npHMH.RB 3a ~H.R. O.n;Horo pa3y cKa3aB MOMY cB. IBaH nepeHOCHTH 3eMJIIO 3 o.n;Horo Micn;.a B iHme, 6iJihm Bi.n;noBi.n;He )l;JI.R rp.a.n;oK. KoJin BTOMJieHHM npan;ero M cneKoiO MoMceM cnot.InBaB B TiHi 3BHcarot.Io'i cKeJii, CB. IBaH y TOM t.Iac 3a.n;piMaB no .n;oBrnx MOJIHTBax. Pan ToM nocTaB nepe.n; HHM cBiTJIHM My.m i CKa3aB ~o CB.RToro 3 .n;oKopoM: "Tn TyT, IBaHe, cnot.IHBaem, a MoMceM - y He6e3nen;i!" CB. IBaH Bi.n;pa3y npo6y.n;nBc.a Ta CTaB cep.n;et.IHO MOJIHTHC.R 3a cBoro ~H.R. KoJIH BBet.Iepi MoMceM BepHyBC.R .n;o.n;oMy, CB.RTHM cnnTaB Moro, t.IH qacoM BiH He MaB Toro )l;H.R .RKo'ich npnro.n;n. MoMceM po3Ka3aB: "KOJIH .R Jiir y TiHi 3BHCaiOl.J:Ol CKeJii, Hecno.n;iBaHO not.IyB TBiM rOJIOC, ~0 KJIHKaB MeHe no iMeHi. .ff npo6y,ll;HBC.R i Bi)l;CTynHB Bi)l; CKeJii. B TY XBHJIHHY Bi.n;ipBaBC.R Bi)l; CKeJii BeJIHKHM KaMiHh i 3 myMoM ynaB Ha Te Micn;e, .n;e .a cnot.InBaB". CB. IBaH Kpi3h CJih03H .n;.aKyBaB Bory, ~o BHcJiyxaB Moro MOJIHTBH i 36epir Moro ~H.R Bi)l; HeMHH~Ol CMepTi. IHmHM pa3oM npnMmoB .n;o CB.RToro MOHax IcaaK i 3 nJiat.IeM po3noBiB MOMy, ~o Mae Tpy.n;Ho~i 3 TiJieCHHMH noxoT.RMH. To.n;i CB.RTHM cKa3aB: "IloMoJiiMc.R, 6paTe, paaoM!" Ili.n; qac cep.n;et.IHO'i MOJIHTBH, KOJIH ~e IcaaK Jie.maB xpecToM Ha 3eMJii, Bor BHcJiyxaB 'ixHro MOJIHTBY M noBepHyB IcaaKoBi .n;ymeBHHM cnoKiM. IIJ;acJin-

358

30 6epe3H51

BFrii: MOHax II.J;J'Ipo ,n;HKyBaB Bory 3a TY JiacKy, a cB. IBaHoBi - 3a iioro rroMi"<I. Xo"<I CB. !BaH BiB CaMiTHe mHTT.H IIYCTHHHHKa, rrpOTe OXO"<Ie ,ll;aBaB IIOB"tJaHH.H H IIOpa,n;H THM JIIO,ll;.HM, IIJ;O IIpHXO,ll;HJIH ,ll;Q HOrO KeJii'i ii rrpocHJIH B Hboro ,n;yxoBH01 MHJIOCTHHi. KoJIH 3 Tiel rrpHc "<IHHH ,n;eHKi MOHaxn rro"<IaJIH ocy,n;myBaTH CB.HToro, m;o BiH 6aJiaKyH i rnyKae rrycTo1 cJiaBH Mim JIIO,ll;bMH, BiH rrpHHHHB TOH 3aKH,n; .HK 6paTHe 3acTepemeHHH, rrepecTaB roBopHTH ii n;iJIHH piK IIpOBiB y cyBopi:ft MOB"tJaHn;i, m;o6 He ,n;aBaTH HiKOMY Haro,n;H ,ll;JI.H HaKJieiiiB. IJ;e CIIpaBHJIO Ha MOHaXiB TaKe CHJibHe BpameHH.H, m;o Becb MOHaCTHP rrpocHB CB.HToro 3HOBY 3aroBopHTH i ,n;aBaTH IJ;iHHi IIOB"tJaHH.H Ta rropa,n;H IIOTpe6yiO"<IHM JIIO,ll;.HM, IIJ;O IIpHXO,ll;HJIH ,n;o Hhoro.

KoJIH CB. lBaH rrpomHB 40 JiiT caMiTHHM mHTTHM, rroMep y CnHaHCbKOMY MOHacTnpi iryMeH. IIicJI.H rroxopoHy rrpHHIIIJIH ,n;o CB. lBaHa MOHaXH 3 TOrO MOHaCTHp.H Ta rrpOCHJIH HOrO CTaTH 1xHiM iryMeHOM. BiH BHcJiyxaB 1xHe cep,n;e"<IHe rrpoxaHHH ii cTaB HaCTO.HTeJieM; 6yJio iioMy To,n;i 75 JiiT. Y Toii "<Iac, Ha rrpoxaHH.H iryMeHa B Pa1Ti, BiH HaiiHCaB CBOIO CJiaBHY KHHmKy ",r(pa6HHa ,ll;O palO", B .HKiH B"<IHB BipyiO"<IHX pi3HHMH CTyiieH.HMH "tJeCHOTH rri,n;i:ftMaTHC.H ,n;oropH, m;o6 ,n;iHTH XpHCTH.HHCl>K01 ,ll;OCKOHaJIOCTi. XTO rrparHe 11, IIOBHHeH IIO"tJHHaTH Bi,n; HeBHHHOCTi, BIIOKOpeHH.H, MipH i IIOBOJii ,ll;OXO,ll;HTH ,ll;O CaM01 BepiiiHHH 6orOCJIOBCbKHX "<IeCHOT BipH, Ha,n;i'i H: JII06oBi. KHHmKa HarrncaHa y cpopMi acpopH3MiB i HaCH"tJeHa IJ;iKaBHMH IIpHKJia,n;aMH 3 MOHaiiiOrO mHTT.H . .HK B IlaJieCTHHi ii Apa6i'i HacTaJia BeJIHKa rrocyxa cB. IBaH, Ha"<Ie ,n;pyrnii lJIJIH, 3BepHyBc.H B cep,n;e"<IHiii MOJIHTBi ,n;o Bomoro MHJIOCep,n;.H H BHIIpOCHB JIIO,D;.HM m;e,n;pHH ,n;om;.

CJiaBa cB. iryMeHa lBaHa JiicTBH"<IHHKa 6yJia TaKa BeJIHKa, m;o caM Ilarra CB. JleB BeJIHKHH HarrncaB ,n;o Hboro JIHCTa 3 rrpoxaHH.HM MOJIHTOB, rrpncJiaBIIIH H:oMy BepBnn;i H: rporni Ha rrpomHTOK ,n;JIH THX rrpo"<IaH, m;o rrpnxo,n;HJIH ,n;o CnHaiichKoro MOHacTHp.H. lx 6yBaJio ,n;yme 6araTo - ,n;o 600 "<IOJIOBiK. O,n;Horo pa3y rri,n; "<laC rrpom;i B CJiaBHOMY MOHaCTHpi CTaJIOC.H "<Iy,n;o: .HKHHCb "tJOJIOBiK B CTapOBHHHiH o,n;emi IIOCJiyroByBaB IIpO"<IaHaM IIi,D; "<laC o6i,n;y. IIicJI.H Toro BiH HerroMiTHO 3HHK. MoHaxn ,n;HByBaJIHC.H ii CTapaJIHC.H 36arHyTH, "<IH n;e 6yJia aHreJibCbKa 3'.HBa, "<IH, MOJKe, caM cB. rrpopoR Moiiceii rrpn6yB y TiJiecHoMy BHrJIH,n;i Ha cBoe ,n;aBHe Micn;e rrocJiymHTH BH3HaBIJ;HM XpncTa-MeciL HacTO.HTeJieM CB. lBaH 6yB 4 pOKH. KoJIH iioMy BHIIOBHHJIOCh 80 poKiB, BiH rroKHHYB T.HmKy ,n;JIH ce6e rroca,n;y, a He3a6apoM CIIOKiHirn CIIO"<IHB y Bo3i B CB01H rrycTeJibHi 605 poKy. Ilepe,n; iioro cMepTIO ,n;yxoBHHH y-qeHb cB. IBaHa, HaCTYIIHHK B irYMeHCTBi

359

31 6epe3HSI npeno~o6HHH IOpi:H:, npocHB He ~aTH 1M HIJ.~osro poaJiytiHTHCH. Mora 6amaHHH cnoBHHJIOCH, BiH nepe:H:moB ~o Kparn;oro mHTTH "tJepe3 KiJihKa ~HiB TiiCJIH CMepTi CBOrO B"lJHTeJIH. KpiM ",Il;pa6HHH ~o paro", CB. lBaH HanHcaB rn;e nosa.mHoro JIHCTa ~o HaCTOHTeJIH MOHaxiB y Pa1Ti, B HKOMY o6MipKosye o6os'H3KH npaB~HBOrO naCTHpH ~ym.

31 6epe3H.H

CBHTHH IIIATIH Cs. InaTill: 6ys enHcKonoM y MicTi 1aHI'api (MaJia AaiH). Y 325 pou;i 6pas ytiaCTh y I BceJieHChKOMY Co6opi B HiKe!. 3a CBHTiCTh mHTTH :i1: peBHiCTh y sipi Bor H~iJIHB :H:oro qy~oTBOPHOIO CHJIOIO. CBOEIO MOJIHTBOIO nepeMiHHB B O~HOMY CeJii ripKy BO~y Ha COJIO~KY, a iHllHM pa30M BH~o6yB TeTIJie ~.mepeJIO ~JIH JiiKyBaHHH xsopHx. KoJIH ~o CKap6HHI.J;i iMnepaTopa KoHcTaHu;iH aanosaJia H~OBHTa 3MiH, CB. InaTi:ii ysi:H:moB ~o cKap6HHu;i, npH3BaB Bo.mo1 TIOMO"lli, a TO~i BKJiaB CBiH €TIHCKOTIChKHH .me3JI y pOT 3Mil, BHBiB 11 Ha~Bip i 3BeJiiB lH yBiHTH B p03TiaJieHy Tiit.I. 3Mi.II~HHyJiaCH y BOrOHh i 3rOpiJia. KoJIH CB. InaTi:ii sepTaBCH a HiKeHChKoro Co6opy, ~e cs. 0Tu;i ocy~HJIH Apiesy epech, :H:oro ni~cTeperJIH apiaHH, no6HJIH naJIHI.J;HMH i nopaHeHoro CKHHYJIH B 6oJIOTHCTY ~e6py. KoJIH Jie~se mHBHH BJI~HKa ni~Hic oqi :i1: pyKH Ta cTaB MOJIHTHCH aa csoi:x y6HBI.J;h, o~Ha apiaHKa nou;iJIHJia KaMeHeM CB. InaTiH y roJioBy :i1: y6HJia. To~i s6Hsu;i aaxosaJIH TiJio CBHToro B Kyni coJIOMH. KoJIH BJiaCHHK TIOJIH BHHillOB Ha6paTH COJIOMH ~JIH xy~o6H, TO HaJIHKaBCH, 60 TIO"'IYB CTiiB aHreJiiB, a HK TIO"lJaB Ha6HpaTH COJIOMY H 3HaHillOB 3paHeHe TiJIO MepTBOrO BJia~HKH, TIOCTiillHB ~0 MiCTa i ~aB aHaTH JIIO~HM npo B6HBCTBO CB. InaTiH. BipHi nocnimHJIH Ha llOJie, aa6paJIH TiJIO CBOrO TiaCTHpH i 3i CJib03aMH TIOXOBaJIH. Ha noxopoH npH:iimJIH :i1: y6Hsu;i Cs. InaTiH, HKHX onaHysas 3JIHH ~yx. Ta apiaHKa, rn;o KaMeHeM y6HJia CBHToro, ni~ "tJac rroxopoHy pH~aJia :i1: KaMeHeM 6HJia ce6e B rpy~H nepe~ yciMa, BH3HaiO"lJH CBiH rpix. KoJIH .m BipHi TIOKJiaJIH TiJIO CB. BJia~HKH AO rpo6y, TO~i CTaJIOCH "'IY~O, 6o BCi onaHOBaHi 3JIHM ~YXOM y6HBu;i BH~y.maJIH. To 6yJia Bi~nJiaTa MHJiocep~Horo nacTHPH aa aano~iHHY :iioMy KpHB~Y. TaKo.m iHmi He~y.mi, rn;o npHxo~HJIH 3 sipo10 ~o rpo6y cs. InaTiH, MaJIH qy~ecHHH nopHTYHOK. Ilpeno~o6HHH qy~OTBopeu;h· InaTi:ii npocJiaBHB Bora csoe10 MytieHHD;bKOIO CMepTIO 325 poKy.

360

31 6epe3HSI

CB.HTHA BEHIAMHH Ic,n;erep,n;, c1m路 rrepcbKoro KopoJIH Canopa II, rroKJiaB KpaR moToMy rrepecJii,n;yBaHHIO xpHCTHHH, ~o HerroKoi:Jio XpHCTOBY IJ;epKBY 3a rrpaBJiiHHH Roro 6aTbKa. BipyiOt.Ii Brrpo,n;oBm 12_,JiiT pa,n;iJIH ~iJIKOBHTHM CIIOKOE:M, .A.n:e o,n;Horo ,n;HH CTaJiaca Hecrro,n;iBaHa rro,n;ia: errHcKorr A6,n;ac t.Iepe3 Hepo3yMHY peBHiCTb crraJIHB IlHpeyM - CBHTHHIO BorHIO, HKOIO rroraHcbKi rrepcH :Ha,n;3BH<IaRHO ,n;opomHJIH. KopoJib Ic,n;e:r'ep,n; HaKa3aB A6,n;acoBi Bi,n;6y,n;yBaTH BJiaCHHM KomToM crraJieHy CBHTHHIO; KOJIH TOR He BliKOHaB iMrrepaTOpCbKHR HaKa3, lc,n;e:r'ep,n; Bi,ZJ;HOBHB rrepecJii,ZJ;yBaHHH XpliCTHHH, ~0 TpHBaJIO 40 poKiB i rrpo,n;oBmyBaJioc.H HaBiTb rricJI.H cMepTi Ic,n;erep,n;a. lcTopHK Teo,n;opeT, HKHR mHB y TOR t.Iac rro6JIH3Y Ilepcii:, orroBi,n;ae rrpo maXJIHBi mopCTOKOCTi, HKHX 3a3HaBaJIH XpHCTii.HHH Bi,ZJ; rrepciB; 3 O,ZJ;HHX 3,ZJ;HpaJIH mHBD;eM illKipy, iHmHX 06THKYBaJIH rOCTpOIO TpOCTHHOIO H Kat.IaJIH ITO 3eMJii, ID;06 rOCTpi KiH~i BJia3HJIH B TiJio, a6o 3aB,n;aBaJIH 1M m;e ripmu:x MyK. roJIOBHHM MYt.J:eHHKOM y TOR 'lac CTaB CB. ,ZJ;HHKOH BeHiaMHH. KoJIH Roro yB'.H3HHJIH, TO, rro6u:BmH HeMHJiocep,n;Ho, BKHHYJIH Ha ~iJIHR piK ,ZJ;O B'H3HH~i. IloTiM iMrrepaTOpCbKHH IIOCOJI 3 IJ;apropo,n;a BHrrpocHB ,ZJ;JIH Hboro rroMHJIYBaHHH BeHiaMHH BHii:moB Ha BOJIIO 3a yMOBH, m;o He 6y,n;e Hit.Ioro roBoimTH rrpo Bora . .A.n:e CB.HTHR 3aHBHB, m;o BiH He Mome He roBopHTH Bomoro CJIOBa, 6o BiH caMe ,n;o Toro rroKJIHKaHHR. To,n;i H:oro yB' H3HHJIH ,n;pyru:R pa3 i BliKJIHKaJIH Ha iMrrepaTOpCbKHR cy,n;.

Ili,n; 'laC cy,n;OBOl p03IIpaBH, KOJIH ROrO HaMOBJIHJIIi ,ZJ;O Bi,n;cTyrrcTBa, rrorpomyiOt.IH KapaMH, CB. BeHiaMHH 3aiiHTaB KOpOJIH, HKOl ,n;yMKH 6yB 6H BiH rrpo CBOrO rri,n;,n;aHOrO, HKHR 3JiaMaB 611 CBOIO BipHiCTb ROMY Ta CTaB 6H BOIOBaTH IIpOTH CBOrO BOJio,n;apa. IIo6at.IHBmH rrocTiRHicTb cB. BeHiaMHHa, KopoJib 3BeJiiB B6HTH CB. MYt.J:eHHKOBi rocTpy TpocTHHY Mim rraJibu;i R B yci HaRHimHimi 'laCTHHH TiJia, a caM rrimoB reTb. TaKy cTpamHy MYKY 3aB,n;aBaJIH CBHTOMY KiJibKa pa3iB. IloTiM B6HJIH B Hhoro cyKyBaTy rraJIIO, m;o rropo3,n;HpaJia iroro HyTpom;i. B maxJIHBHX MyKax Bi,n;,n;aB CB. ,n;HHKOH BeHiaMHH Bory CBOIO repoii:cbKY ,n;ymy.

CTaJIOc.H ~e rrpH6JIH3HO 421 poKy.

361

n0 KA:>K Lf 111 K

•

IMEH CBHTHX 3

no~CHEHH~MV1

ABKCEHTIH, V CT., rrepchKHH BOHK, orricJisr - rro6omHHH IIYCTHHHHK i qy~OTBOpeD;h. ,lJ;eHh 14 JIIOTOrO (27 JIIOTOro)*, C. 198.

ATAIIIH, IV cT., 3arHHYB MyqeHHIJ;hKOIO cMepTIO 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy.

ByB po3mMaToBaHHH ~HKHMH 3BipaMH B Kecapii: IlaJieCTHHChKiii:. ,D;eHh 15 6epe3HH (28 6epe3Hsr), c. 317.

ATATAHrEJI, III cT., ~HHKOH, 3arHHYB Bipy. ,lJ;eHb 23 ciqH.fi (5 JIIOTOro), C. 126.

Bi~

Meqa 3a XpHcToBy

ArATO,D;OP XEPCOHChKllH, IV CT., errHcKorr, srKoro 3a XpHcToBo1 BipH pa3oM 3i cB. E.:BreHieM i cB. EJirri~ieM 3aMyqHJIH rroraHH ii: IO~eL ,li;eHh 7 6epe3HH (20 6epe3Hsr), c. 264. rrporroBi~yBaHHsr

ATAq>I.ff, III CT., ~iBqHHa, rrpo srKy, KpiM 11 MyqeHHIJ;hKo1 cMepTi Ha CHn;HJril 3a iMrrepaTopa ,D;eKisr, He MaeMo mo~HHX ~ocToBipHHX ~aHHX. ,lJ;eHh 5 JIIOTOrO (18 JIIOTOro), C. 180.

Arn:A:, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiii:chKHH MyqeHHK. ,D;eHh 9 6epe3Hsr

(22 6epe3Hsr), c. 279.

ArJIAH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiii:chKHH MyqeHHK. ,li;eHh 9 6epe3Hsr

(22 6epe3Hsr), c. 279.

AETIH, IV CT., cB. ceBacTiHChKHH MyqeHHK. ,D;eHh 9 6epe3HH

(22 6epe3Hsr), c. 279.

AKAKIH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHChKHH MyqeHHK. ,D;eHh 9 6epe3Hsr

(22 6epe3Hsr), c. 279.

AKllJIA, III CT., 3arHHYB

Bi~

Meqa 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,li;eHh

21 ciqHsr (3 JIIOToro), c. 116.

AHACTACIH, VII CT., rrepchKHH BOHK-rroraHHH, 3ro~oM- rrpaBek HHH xpHCTHHHChKHH MOHax, HKHH 3arHHYB Ha~ piKoiO E.:B<lJpaT - 6yB 3a~ymeHHH 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,li;eHh 22 ciqHsr (4 JIIOToro), c. 120.

*Y 362

iJy:HCJcax noiJana·iJama Ja JO.lliRHCb/CU.M JCa.neniJape.M.

AHEKT, II cT., 3anmyB 3i cB. Ko,n;paToM 3a XpHcTa. ,1l;eH:E. pe3HJI (23 6epe3HJI), c. 297.

19 6e-

AHTOHIM BE.JIHKHM (251-356), cnoqaTKY - nycTHHHHK, 3rO,ll;OM - 3aCHOBHHK MOHaCTHpiB i HaCTaBHHK MOHaxiB y €rHnTi, o6opoHeiJ;b XpHcToBoi: BipH nepe,n; apiaHaMH, MY~ BeJIHKoro BnoKopeHHII ii: CaM03peqeHHJI; npO~HB 105 JiiT, HiKOJIH He XBOpiB i ,!1;0 CaMOl CMepTi MaB rOCTpHH 3ip i po3yM . .z:t:eH:E. 17 Ci'IHJI (30 Ci'IHJI), C. 99.

APXMII, o,n;HH 3 70 XpHCTOBHX yqHiB, enHcKon KoJioccH (Mana A3iJI), MyqeHHK 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy . .ll:eH:E. 19 JIIOToro (4 6epe3HJI), c. 211.

ATAHACIM, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiii:c:E.KHii MyqeHHK. ,1l;eH:E. 9 6epe3HJI (22 6epe3HJI), c. 279.

BEHE,1l;HKT (480-550), 6aT:E.KO 3axi,n;Horo qepHeiJ;TBa, MaB BeJIHKHH BnJIHB Ha KYJI:E.TYPY €BponH. 36y,n;yBaB 12 MOHaCTHpiB, a onicJIJI nepeii:rnoB ,n;o MoHTe KacciHo, cnopy,n;HBlliH TaM BeJIHKHH qepHeqHii: ,n;iM; HanHcaB MOHarnHii: ycTaB, JIKoro ,n;oTpHMYIOT:E.CJI 0Tu;i BeHe,n;HKTHHIJ;i. ,1l;eH:E. 14 6epe3HJI (27 6epe3HJI), C. 308.

BJIArOBIIIJ.EHHH IIPECBHTOI BOrOP0,1l;MIJJ. ,1l;eH:E. 25 6epe3HJI (7 KBiTHJI), C. 344.

BOrOHBJIEHHH ICYCA XPHCTA. ,1l;eH:E. 6 ciqH.JI (19 ci'IHJI), c. 51.

.

BAJIEHT, IV cT., epycaJIHMC:E.KHH ,n;HJIKOH, MyqeHHK, 3apy6aHHH Me'leM pa3oM ai cB. IlaMcpiJIOM 3a XpHCTOBy Bipy. ,1l;eH:E. 16 JIIOToro (1 6epe3HJI), c. 206.

BAJIEHT, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiii:c:E.KHH My'leHHK. ,1l;eH:E. 9 6epe3HJI (22 6epe3HJI), c. 279.

BAJIEPIM, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiii:c:E.KHH MyqeHHK. ,1l;eH:E. 9 6epe3HJI (22 6epe3HJI), c. 279. ' BAJIEPIHH, III cT., aarHHYB Bi,n; Meqa 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,1l;eH:E. 21 ci'IHJI (3 JIIOToro), c. 116.

BACHJIIM AHKHPChKMM, IV CT., CBJIIII;eHHK y MicTi AHKHpi (MaJia AaiJI), peBHHH o6opoHeiJ;:E. XpHCTOBoi: BipH nepe,n; apiaHaMH, aarHHYB y B'JI3HHIJ;i 3a lOJiiaHa Bi,n;cTynHHKa. ,1l;eH:E. 22 6epe3HJI (4 KBiTHJI), c. 342.

BACHJIIM BEJIMKHM (329-379), apxienHcKon Kecapil Kanna,n;oKiiic:E.Koi:, Y'IHTeJI:E. IJ;epKBH, opraHiaaTop i 3aKoHo,n;aBen;:E. qepHe'loro ~HTTJI Ha Cxo,n;i, ynopJI,n;HHK cB. JliTypril, aacHOBHHK peMiCHH'IOl IIIKOJIH ,ll;JIJI MOJIO,ll;i, npHTYJIKY ,ll;JIJI no,n;opO~HiX i JiiKapHi. ,1l;eH:E. 1 Cic-IHJI (14 ci'IHJI), C. 17.

363

BACRJII:A: BR3HABEI.J;b, VIII CT., MOHax, no6paTHM CB. IIpoKona B IT060JKHOMY qepHeqoMy JKHTTi; o6opOH.HB BIII!HyBaHH.H CB. iKOH i TepniB nepecJii.n;yBaHH.H 3a CB.HTY Bipy. ,U:eHb 28 JIIOTOrO {13 6epe3H.H), c. 252.

BACRJIIH XEPCOHCbKRfi, IV CT., peBHHH apxiepe:ii, B XepcoHi (KopcyHi) nponoBi.n;yBaB XpHcToBy Bipy, qy.n;oTBope~b, 3aMyqeHHH ro.n;e.HMH :ii noraHaMH aa XpHCTa. ,U:eHb 7 6epe3H.H (20 6epe3H.H), c. 264.

BACRJIICK, III cT., 3a XpHcToBy Bipy 6yB 3apy6aHHH MeqeM. ,U:eHb

3 6epe3H.H (16 6epe3H.H), c. 258.

BACRJIICCA, III cT., 3aMyqeHa B KopiHTi 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,U:eHb 10 6epe3H.H (23 6epe3H.H), c. 297.

BEHIAMRH, V cT., )l;H.HKOH, 3arHHYB .HK MyqeHHK 3a XpHcTOBY Bipy Bi.n; pyK nepciB. ,U:eHb 31 6epe3H.H (13 KBiTH.H), c. 361.

BRBI.HH, IV CT., CB. ceBacTi:iicbKHH MyqeHHK. ,U:eHb 9 6epe3H.H (22 6epe3H.H), c. 279.

BIKTOP, III CT., aarHHYB y KopiHTi .HK cB. MyqeHHK. ,U:eHb 10 6epe3H.H .(23 6epeaH.H), c. 297.

BIKTOPRH, III cT., 3arHHYB y KopiHTi .HK cB. MyqeHHK. ,U:eHb 10 6epe3H.H (23 6epe3H.H), c. 297.

BJIACIR, IV cT., enHcKon CeBacTil (Ma.Jia A3i.H), 6yB y6HTHH MeqeM 3a XpHcToBy Bipy. ,U:eHb 11 JIIOToro (24 JIIOToro), c. 192.

BYKOJI, II CT., enHcKon CMHPHH (MaJia A3i.H), MYJK BeJIHKoi: IT060JKHOCTi. ,U:eHb 6 JIIOTOrO (19 JIIOTOro), C. 182. rABPRIJI IIACIOHICT (1838-1862), o.n;HH 3 13 .n;iTe:ii iTa.Jii:iicbKOro a.n;BoKaTa IIocceHTi, KMiTJIHBHH i 3.n;i6HHH IOHaK, nepmH:ii yqeHb B KOJier'ii: 0Tn;iB IcyciBIJ;iB, 3a oco6JIHBOIO oniKoro BoJKoi: MaTepi BCTyITHB )l;O MOHaCTHp.H qHHY 0TIJ;iB IlaciOHiCTiB, OITiCJI.H - peBHHH MOJIO)l;HH Ka.HHHHK i CB.HTHH qepHeiJ;b-CXOJiaCTHK, .HKHH I.IJ;HpO BIIIaHOByBaB CTpaJK)l;a.JibHY BoJKy MaTip, noMep nepe.n; BHCB.HqeHH.HM Ha CB.H~eHHKa. ,U:eHb 27 JIIOToro (12 6epeaH.H), c. 236. rAJIRHA, III CT., 3aMyqeHa 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy B MicTi KopiHTi. ,U:eHb 10 6epe3H.H (23 6epe3H.H), c. 297. rAJII.H, III CT., CB. MyqeHHIJ;.H 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,U:eHb 10 6epe3H.H (23 6epe3H.H), c. 297. rAHHA, I CT., npopoqHIJ;.H, 3YCTpiml. Icyca XpHCTa 3 Mapiero Ta HOCHipOM B epyca.JIHMCbKiH CB.HTHHi COpOKOBOrO )l;H.H niCJI.H Hapo.n;JKeHH.H CnacHTeJI.H. ,U:eHb 3 JIIOToro (16 JIIOToro), c. 177.

364

rEPAGMM, v CT., nycTHHHHK y MaJiiH A3ii:, 36y~yBaB Ha~ Rop~a­ HOM BeJIHKY JiaBpy, ~e MOHaXH ni~ HOrO ~YXOBHHM npOBO~OM BeJIH )KHTT.R: BeJIHKOrO BIIOKOpeHH.R: . .IJ:eHb 4 6epe3H.R: (17 6epe3H.R:), C. 260. roP,n:IR, IV CT., pHMCbKHH COTHHK, y6HTHH Me'IeM 3a XpHCTOBY nipy ni~ 'lac npanJiiHH.R: iMnepaTopa .IJ:ioKJieTiaHa . .IJ:eHb 3 ci'IH.R: (16 ci'!H.R:), C. 42. rPMrOPIR BOrOCJIOB, IV CT., apxienHCKOII U:apropo~a. Y'IHTeJib IJ:epKBH, HaH6iJibiii Bi~OMHH XpHCTH.R:HCbKHH IIHCbMeHHHK Bi3aHTiHCbKOl ~0611, ~pyr CB. BacHJii.R: BeJIHKoro . .IJ:eHb 25 ci'IH.R: (7 JIIOToro), c. 130. rPMrOPIJd .IJ:BO€CJIOB (540-604), nepumii Ilana-MoHax, Y'IHTeJib U:epKBH, Bnop.R:~KyBaB pHMCbKY 6orocJiym6y ii u;epKOBHHH cnin, HaiiHCaB ~YXOBHi ".IJ:iaJIOrH", Bi~ '!OrO O~epmaB Ha3BY ".IJ:BoeCJIOB", BHCOKO ni~Hic aBTOPHTeT AnocTOJibCbKOi: CToJIHu;i, HaBiB ~Hcu;HnJiiHy Mim ~yxoBeHCTBOM, 6opoHHB ITaJiiiO Bi~ JIOHr'o6ap~iB . .IJ:eHb 12 6epe3H.R: (25 6epe3HH), c. 302. rPMrOPIJd HIChKMJd (335-395), enHcKon HiccH B MaJiiii A3il, rJIH60KHH MHCJIHTeJib; 0Teu;b 0Tu;in, 6paT CB. BacHJii.R: BeJIHKoro . .IJ:eHb 10 Ci'IH.R: (23 Ci'IH.R:), C. 65. fAJd, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH My'IeHHK . .D:eHb 9 6epe3H.R: (22 6epe3HH), c. 279. fOPfOHIJd, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH My'!eHHK . .IJ:eHb 9 6epe3H.R: (22 6epe3HH), c. 279 . .IJ:API.H, III cT., 6yna 3aMy'!eHa 3a XpHcToBy Bipy pa30M 3i cBoi:M 'IOJIOBiKoM XpH3aHTOM. Ilpo icTopiio i:i: mHTT.R: ni~oMe 3BopymJIHBe OIIOBi~aHH.R: . .IJ:eHb 19 6epe3H.R: (1 KBiTHH), C. 338 . .IJ:EHMC, III CT. , y'!eHb CB. Ko~paTa, 3arHHYB 3 HHM y KopiHTi .R:K MY'J:eHHK 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy . .IJ:eHb 10 6epe3H.R: (23 6epe3HH), c. 297 . .IJ:EHMC, IV cT., IOHaK 3 <PeHiKil, 3arHHYB Bi~ Me'Ia 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy B Kecapii: IlaJieCTHHCbKiH . .IJ:eHb 15 6epe3H.R: (28 6epe3HH), c. 317 . .IJ:IO.IJ:OP, III CT., cnaJieHHH mHBu;eM 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy B KopiHTi. .IJ:eHb 10 6epe3H.R: (23 6epe3HH), c. 297 . .IJ:OMETI.HH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MY'J:eHHK . .IJ:eHb 9 6epe3HH (22 6epe3H»), c. 279 . .IJ:OMETI.HH, VI cT., enHcKon MicTa MeJiiTHH y BipMeHii:, .IJ:eHb 14 Ci'IHH (27 Ci'!HH), C. 89.

'IY~OTBOpell;b .

365

,IJ;OMIHIK CABIO (1842-1857), BHXOBaHe~b ~oHa BocKo, Ha~3BH­ qaftHo poayMHHH i aHreJibCbKH HeBHHHHH IOHaK, .HKHH ~yme 6amaB 6yTH CB.HII:IeHHKOM, cep~eqHo JII06HB ,lJ;iBy Mapiro~ CB.HTiCTIO cBoro 15JiiTHboro :>KHTT.H, Ma6yTb, rrepeBH~HB ycix IOHaKiB, .HKi :>KHJIH ~0 HbOrO. ,lJ;eHb 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 283. ,IJ;OMH, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. )J;eHb 9 6epe3H.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279. ,ZJ;OMHIKA, V CT., HaBepHeHa 3 rroraH, iryMeH.H miHoqoro MOHaCTHp.H B IJ;apropo~i. ~H.HKoHica ft qy~OTBOPH~.H. ,lJ;eHb 8 ciqH.JI (21 ciqH.JI),

c. 57.

EK,IJ;MT, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. )J;eHb 9 6epe3H.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

EJIIII,IJ;IH XEPCOHChKMH, IV cT., errHcKorr, 3aMyqeHHH rroraHaMH ft ro~e.HMH aa XpHCTOBY Bipy. )J;eHb 7 6epeaH.H (20 6epeaH.H), c. 264.

ETEPIH XEl'COHChKMH, IV CT., :>KHB 3a KoHCTaHTHHa BeJIHKoro, eiiHCKOII, IIpHIIHHHB Haiia~H rroraH Ta IO~elB Ha XpHCTH.HH, 36y~yBaB y KopcyHi rapHy ~epKBy. )J;eHb 7 6epe3HJI (20 6epe3HJI), c. 264.

EBrEH, III cT., aarHHYB Bi~ Meqa aa XpHcToBy Bipy. )J;eHb 21 ciqHJI (3 JIIOToro), c. 116 .

. ..

€B1,-EHIH XEPCOHChKMH, IV CT., errHcKorr, aaMyqeHHH ro~eJIMH ft rroraHaMH 3a rrporroBi~yBaHHJI XpHCTOBoi: BipH. )J;eHb 7 6epe3HJI (20 6epe3HJI), c. 264.

EB,IJ;OKI.H, II CT., caMapJIHCbKa KpacyHJI ft BeJIHKa rpilliHH~JI, rroTiM - ~Hpa KaJIHHH~JI ft rrpaBe~Ha qepHH~JI, iryMeHJI MOHacTHpJI, B6HTa BOJIKaMH B MOHaCTHpi. )J;eHb 1 6epe3HJI (14 6epe3HJI), C. 255. €BHOIK, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. )J;eHb 9 6epeaHJI

(22 6epe3HJI), c. 279.

EBCTATIH, IV cT., apxierrHcKorr AHTioxil B Marrin A3il, 0Te~b I BceJieHCbKoro Co6opy B HiKe!, Mym BHCOKoocBiqeHHH Ta rroBeH XpHCTHJIHCbKHX qeCHOT, ~o6pHH IIpOMOBe~b, ~6aB rrpo BH6ip ~OCTOHHHX KaH~H~aTiB ~0 ~YXOBHOrO CTaHy, rrepecJii~yBaHHH apiaHCbKHMH errHcKorraMH, rrporHaHHH KoHcTaHTHHOM BeJIHKHM Ha 3acJiaHHJI, ~e BCi npHKPOII:Ii TeprriB 3 IIOKOpOIO, CIIOKOeM Ta CHHiBCbKHM IIOKJIMaHHJIM Ha Bomy BOJIIO. ,lJ;eHb 21 JIIOToro (6 6epe3H.H), c. 212 €BTMMIH BEJIMKMH, V cT., CBJIII:~eHHK, JIKHH rrpo:>KHB 68 JiiT y IIYCTHHi, 3aCHOBHHK MOHaCTHpiB i ~OBrOJiiTHiH ~YXOBHHH rrpOBi~HMK MOHaXiB; TM:>KHJIMM IIOCTHB, HiKOJIH He"JIJiraB, CIIaB TiJibKH CH~.JiqH a6o

366

CTO.II'IH, npHTpHMYIOl.£HCb MOTyaa, IQO 3BHCaB 3i CKJieniHH.II neqepH, 20 cil.£H.II (2 JIIOToro), c. 109.

qy~oTBope~b. ,Il;eHb

E:BTMXIH, IV CT., cB. MyqeHHK. ,Il;eHb 9 6epe3H.II (22 6epe3H.!I),

c. 279.

E:BTPOIIIH, III cT., poan'JITHH aa XpHcToBy Bipy Ha xpecTi. ·neHb

3 6epeaHJI (16 6epeaHJI), c. 258.

E:PMMJI, IV cT., ~H.IIKOH, MyqeHHK, yTonJieHHM aa XpHcToBy Bipy B ,Il;yHaiO aa iMnepaTopa JliKHHiJI. ,Il;eHb 13 cil.£H.II (26 cil.£H.II), c. 78.

E:<I>PEM, IV cT., ~H.IIKOH, Yl.£HTeJib U:epKBH, Hai%6iJibiiiHM 6orocJIOB, i noeT CHpiiicbKOl IJ:epKBH. ,Il;eHb 28 cil.£H.II (10 JIIOToro),

nponoBi~HHK

c. 139.

E:<I>PEM XEPCOHChKMH, IV cT., enHcKon, nocJiaHHH E:pycaJIHMCbKHM naTpiapxoM 8pMOHOM ~o KopcyHJI nponoBi~yBaTH XpHCTOBY Bipy, npa~IOBaB MiJK CKHTaMH H~ ,Il;yHaeM, HaBepHyB 6araTO 3 HHX y xpHCTH.IIHCTBO. ByB aapy6aHHM Mel.£eM. ,Il;eHb 7 6epeaHJI (20 6epeaHJI),

c. 264.

3AXAP, npaBe~HHM ~apropo~CbKHM MOHax. ,Il;eHb 24 6epe3HH

(6 KBiTH.II), C. 344.

3AXAPI.ff, CTapoaaBiTHHM npopoK, aa 460 p~KiB ~o Hapo~meHH.II XpHcTa HanHcaB npopoqy KHHry, B JIKii% npe.n;pilt"noKipHHH B'i:a.n; Icyca XpHcTa B 8pycaJIHM, apa.n;y aa 30 cpi6HJIKiB, npo6HTT.II ~BJIXaMH i% cnHcoM, yTeqy yqHiB, nepecJiip;yBaHH.II U:epKBH Ta noiiiHPeHH.II xpHCTH.IIHCTBa no Bcii% aeMJii. 3arHHYB y npHTBOpi xpaMy Bi.n; pyK IO~ei:B. ,Il;eHb 8 JIIOTOrO (21 JIIOTOrO), C. 189.

3HAH,Il;EHH.ff fOJIOBM CB. JIIOTOrO (9 6epe3HH), C. 224.

HOAHA XPMCTMTEJI.ff. ,Il;eHb 24

!BAH, IV cT., pHMCbKHM BO.IIK, no6paTHM CBJIToro JKHTTH, anocTOJibCbKoi: npa~i i% Myl.£eHH~bKo1 cMepTi CB. JiiKap.II KHpa. ,Il;eHb 31 cil.£H.II (13 JIIOTOro), C. 153. !BAH BOJKMH (1495-1550), nopTyraJie~b, CBaBiJibHHH BO.IIK, llOTiM - BeJIHKHH Ka.IIHHHK , oniKyH XBOpHX i 3aCHOBHHK l.JHHY illnHTaJibHHX BpaTiB-BoHi<lJpaTpiB, nporoJioiiieHHM llano10 He6ecHHM 3aCTYIIHHKOM JiiKapeHb, XBOpHX Ta lXHiX p;orJI.II,D;al.£iB. ,Il;eHb 8 6epe3H.II (21 6epeam:r), c. 274. !BAH BOCKO (1815-1888), CBJIIQeHHK, HenepeBepiiieHHH npoBi.n;HHK i BHXOBaTeJib 6eanpHTYJibHHX IOHaKiB, 3aCHOBHHK l.fHHY 0T~iB CaJieaiHH, 3rpoMa~meHH.II CecTep CaJieaiJIHOK i ToBapHCTBa CBiTCbKHX

367

IloMi'IHHKiB; 6y,n;iBHH'IHH n;epKOB, aBTOp KHHJKOK, 3aCHOBHHK Ta pe,n;aKTOp KaTOJIHIJ;hKHX JKypHaJiiB, ,n;yXOBHHH rrpOBi,ZJ;HHK CB. ,11;oMiHiKa CaBio, qy,n;oTBopen;h. ,r:t;eHh 31 ci'IH.H (13 JIIOToro), ~- 155. !BAH 30JIOTOYCTMif. IIepeHeceHH.H cB. Morn;eii a KoMoH ,n;o II;apropo,n;a. ,r:t;eHh 27 ci'IH.H (9 JIIOToro), c. 137. !BAH KACIHH (360-433), erHrreTChKHH MOHax, aacHOBHHK MOHacTHpiB y MapcHJiii:, rrpoBi,n;HHK 'leHn;iB, aBTop n;iHHHX ,n;yxoBHHX KHHJKOK rrpo qepHe'le JKHTT.H, m;o MaJIH BeJIHKHH BIIJIHB Ha cB. BeHe,n;HKTa i MOHaiiie JKHTT.H Ha 3axo,n;i. B KaTOJIHD;hKOMY o6p.H,n;i CB.HTKYEMO iioro IIaM'.HTh TiJihKH B rrepeCTyiiHHX pOKaX. ,11;eHh 29 JIIOTOrO (13 6epe3H.H), c. 252. !BAH KYIII;HMK, V CT., IOHaKOM yTiK ,n;o MOHaCTHp.H "HecrrJI.H'IHx" Ha,n; BoccpopoM, orricJI.H BepHyBc.H ,n;o,n;oMy .HK JKe6paK i HerriaHaHHH 6aThKaMH JKHB aJK ,li;O CMepTi B Ky'li Ha 6aThKiBChKOMy IIO,ZJ;Bip'i:. lCTOpi.H iioro JKHTT.H rro,n;i6Ha ,n;o Jier'eH,n;H rrpo CB. OJieKci.H. ,r:t;eHh 15 ci'IH.H (28 ci'IH.H), c. 95. !BAH JIICTBM"l.JHMK, VII CT., 16-JiiTHiM IOHaKoM BCTYIIHB ,n;o MoHaCTHp.H, 40 JiiT 6yB IIYCTHHHHKOM, OIIiCJI.H - iryMeHOM CHHaHChKOrO MOHaCTHp.H, 'IY,ZJ;OTBOpen;h, HaiiHCaB ,n;yXOBHY KHHJKKY ",11;pa6HHa ,li;O paro" IIpO Te, .HK ,li;OC.HrTH XpHCTH.HHChKOl ,li;OCKOHaJIOCTi. ,11;eHh 30 6epe3H.H (12 KBiTHS), c. 357. !BAH CEBACTii1:ChKMi1:, IV cT., CB. MyqeHHK. ,r:t;eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

IrHATI:ti BOrOHOCEII;h. IIepeHeceHH.H cB. Morn;eii a PHMa ,n;o AHTioxiL ,r:t;eHh 29 ci'IH.H (11 JIIOToro), c. 144.

IJIAPIOH HOBM:A:, VIII cT., CB.HTHH iryMeH MOHacTHp.H B MaJiiii Aaii:, qy,n;oTBopen;h, 6yB rrepecJii,n;yBaHHH aa BIIIaHoByBaHH.H cB. iKOH. ,11;eHh 28 6epe3H.H (10 KBiTH.H), C. 354.

IJIIH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHChKHH MyqeHHK. ,r:t;eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

IJIIHH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHChKHH My'leHHK. ,r:t;eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epe3H.H), c. 279.

IIIATI:ti, IV cT., errHcKorr MicTa r'aHr'apH B MaJiiii Aaii:, yqacHHK I. BceJieHChKoro Co6opy B HiKe!, qy,n;oTBopen;h, y6HTHH apiaHaMH aa XpHcToBy Bipy. ,r:t;eHh 31 6epeaH.H (13 KBiTH.H), c. 360.

IIIIIOJIIT, III cT., errHcKorr pHMChKoro rropTy OcTii:, yTOIIJieHHH aa XpHcToBy Bipy. ,r:t;eHh 30 ci'IH.H (12 JIIOTOro), c. 153.

368

IP.A.KJIIM, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. ,ZJ;eHb 9 6epeaHH

(22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

ICH,ZJ;OP IIHJIYCIHChKHH, IV cT., erHrreTCbKHH rrycTHHHHK-CBHaBTOp ~mcJieHHHX JIHCTiB B 060pOHi CB. BipH. ,ZJ;eHb 4 JIIOTOrO (17 JIIOTOro), C. 179. ~eHHK,

ICHXIH, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. ,il;eHb 9 6epeaHH (22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

KAH,il;H,il;, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. ,il;eHb 9 6epeaHH

(22 6epeaHH), c. 279.

KAHI,il;IH, III cT., aarHHYB Bi.n; Metia aa XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,il;eHb

21 Ci'IHSI (3 JIIOTOro), C. 116.

KAIIITOH XEPCOHChKHH, IV CT., errHcKorr, qy.n;oTBopeu;b, YTOIIJieHHH rroraHaMH B MOpi. ,il;eHb 7 6epe3HSI (20 6epe3HS!), C. 264.

KHIIPHlH, III cT., yqeHb CB. Ko.n;paTa, aarHHYB aa XpHCTOBY Bipy B MicTi KopiHTi. ,il;eHb 10 6epeaHH (23 6epeaHH), c. 297.

KHP, IV cT., erHrreTCbKHH JiiKap, aro.n;oM- MOHax, peBHO HaBepTaB IIOraH i 6e3IIJiaTHO JiiKyBaB He.D;y:lKHX, 'IY.D;OTBOpeiJ;b, y6HTHH Me'leM 3a XpHcToBy Bipy. ,il;eHb 31 ci'IHH (13 JIIOToro), c. 153.

KHPHJI, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH My'leHHK. ,il;eHb 9 6epeaHH

(22 6epeaHH), c. 279.

KHPHJIO ,il;H.HKOH, IV CT., aaMyqeHHH rroraHaMH aa Te, ~o poa6HB IIOraHCbKHX 6omKiB. ,il;eHb 29 6epe3HSI (11 KBiTHS!), C. 356.

KHPHJIO €PYCAJIHMChKHH (315-387), apxierrHCKOrr-rraTpiapx €pycanHMa, B'IHTeJib IJ;epKBH, aBTOP Haii.n;aBHimoi: a6ipKH KaTexiaHcHoi: HayKH, o6opoHeu;b rrpaB.D;HBoi: BipH, aa He! iioro TpH'Ii rrporaHHJIH a BJia.D;H'IOrO rrpeCTOJiy, 16 JiiT rrpoBiB Ha aacJiaHHi. ,il;eHb 18- 6epe3HSI (31 6epeaHH), c. 335.

KHPIOH, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiHCbKHH My'leHHK. ,il;eHb 9 6epe3HH

(22 6epeaHH), c. 279.

KJIAB,il;IH, III CT., aarHHYB y KopiHTi HK CB. My'leHHK. ,il;eHb

10 6epeaHH (23 6epe3HH), c. 297.

KJIAB,il;IH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MytieHHK. ,il;eHb 9 6epeaHH

(22 6epeaHH), c. 279.

KJIAB,il;IH KOJIOMB'€P (1641-1682), qepHen;b icyciBen;b, .n;yxoBHHH rrpoBi,n;HHK cB. MaprapHTH AJIHKOK Ta 11 rroMi'IHHK y rromHpeHHi

369

BIIIaHyBaHHH IIpecas.rToro XpHcToBoro (28 JIIOToro), c. 202.

Cep~s.r.

,[(eHh 15 JIIOToro •

KJIEOHIK, III CT., po3rr's.rTHH 3a XpHcTa pa30M 3i ca. My'leHHKOM €BTporrieM. ,[(eHb 3 6epe3HH (16 6epe3HH), c. 258.

KJIMMEHT AHKMPChKMif (250-312), errHCKOII, y6HTHH 3a iMrrepaTopa ,[(ioKJieTirum rroraHCbKHM BOHKOM rri.n; 'lac ai,n;rrpaBH CJiym6H Bomo'i. ,[(eHb 23 ci'IHH (5 JIIOToro), c. 126.

KJIMMEHTiif roct>BAYEP (1751-1820), Ha 32 po~i »tHTTH BCTYIIHB .n;o MOHaCTHps.r OT~iB Pe,n;eMrrTopHcTiB y PHMi, rricJis.r BHCBH'leHHH Ha CBHID;eHHKa BCJiaBHBCH Ha,D;3BH'laHHO peBHOIO rrpau;eiO y Baprnaai Ta Bi,n;Hi, 3aKJiaB ocHOBY ,D;JIH yTaep.n;meHHH qHHY 0Tu;ia Pe,n;eMIITOpHCTiB y IloJihiiJ;i, AacTpii: H: Illaeiin;api'i. ,[(eHh 15 6epe3HH (28 6epe3HH), c. 318.

KO,[(PAT, III cT., 3arHHYB ai.n; Me'la B KopiHTi pa3oM 3 'IOTHpMa Y'!HHMH. ,[(eHb 10 6epe3HH (23 6epe3HH), C. 297.

KOHOH, III CT., HaaepHeHHH .n;o XpHCTOBOi: aipH, '~Y,D;OTBopeu;b, rrepecJii,n;yaaHHH 3a aipy. ,[(eHb 5 6epe3HH (18 pepe3Hs.r), c. 262.

KPMCKEHT, III cT., MY'IeHHK 3a XpHCTOBY aipy. ,[(eHb 10 6epe3HH (23 6epe3HJI.), c. 297.

KCAHTiif, IV CT., ca. ceaacTiHCbKHH MY'!eHHK. ,[(eHb 9 6epe3HH (22 6epe3Hs.r), c. 279.

KCEHOct>OHT, V cT., rricJis.r Toro, HK CHHH rriiiiJIH B rrycTHHIO cJiymHTH Boroai, BCTYIIHB pa3oM 3i caoeiO miHKOIO Mapiero .n;o MOHaCTHps.r, p;e CBHTO 3aKiH'IHB CBOe »tHTTH. ,[(eHb 26 Ci'IHH (8 JIIOTOro), C. 136.

KCEHfl PMMJiflHKA, V cT., BTeKJia rrepe.n; caoi:M BiH'laHHHM .n;o €rHIITy, IIOCBHTHJia ce6e IIOBHiCTIO CJiym6i BoroBi, 3aCHYBaJia MOHaCTHp, y HKOMY BeJia »tHTTH CBHTOl iryMeHi. ,[(eHb 24 ci'IHH (6 JIIOTOro), C. 127.

JIEB BEJII1Kl1if, V cT., Ilarra, HKHH 3MiiJ;HHB CTaHoBm~e AnocTOJibChKOl CToJIHu;i, B'IHTeJib IJ;epKBH, o6opoHeu;b PHMa ai.n; ATTHJIH, KopoJis.r ryHiB, i feHcepHKa, KOpOJIH BaHp;aJiiB; OCY,D;HB epecb MOHOTeJiiTiB y JIHCTi .n;o ca. ct>Jiaais.rHa rri.n; 'lac BceJieHCbKoro Co6opy B XaJIKi,n;oHi (451 p.), IlpOIIOBi,D;HHK. ,[(eHb 18 JIIOTOrO (3 6epe3HH), C. 207.

JIEB KATAHChKMif, VIII cT., errHcKorr KaTaHii: Ha CHIJ;HJiil, p;o6pHH IIaCTHp p;yiii, OIIiKyH XBOpHX i IIO,!J;OpOmHiX, 'IY,D;OTBOpeu;h. ,[(eHb 20 JIIOToro (5 6epe3HH), c. 211.

JIEOHI,[(, III CT., 3aMyq:eHHH y KopiHTi 3a XpHCTOBY aipy. ,[(eHb 10 6epe3HH (23 6epe3HH), c. 297.

370

JIEOHTifi, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiil:cbKHH MytieHHK. ,ll;eHh 9 6epe3HH (22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

JIMCIMAX, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiil:cbKHH MyqeHHK. ,ll;eHb 9 6epe3HH (22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

MAKAP erMIIETChKMH (CTAPIIIMH), CBH~eHHK, ~yxoliHHH 6aTbKO 6araTbOX IIYCTHHHHKiB, rrpom.HB 60 JiiT y IIyCTHHi, qy~OTBOpeiJ;b. ,ll;eHb 19 Ci'IHH (1 JI!OTOro), C. 105.

MAKCMM, VII cT., qepHeu;h Ta iryMeH XpnaorriJihChKoro MOHaCTHPH rro6JIH3Y IJ;apropo~a, 6ea6oa3HHH o6opoHeu;b XpncToBoi: Bipn Bi~ MOHOTeJiiTiB, aBTop rrpau;b rrpo BHCOKY MiCTH'IHY 3JIYKY 3 BoroM. Ha 82 pou;i m.HTTH IIOMep Ha 3aCJiaHHi. ,ll;eHb 20 Ci'IHH (2 JI!OTOro), C. 113.

MAJIAXI.H, ocTaHHiil: rrpopoK CTaporo 3arroBiTy, 3a 450 poKiB ~o XpncTa rrpe~piK HOB03aBiTHY €BxapncTiil:Hy JKepTBy. ,ll;eHh 3 ci'IHH (16 Ci'IHH), C. 40.

MAPrAPMTA KOPTOHChKA, XIII cT., crro'laTKY rpiiiiHnu;a, OIIiCJIH BeJIHKa KaHHHHIJ;H, OIIiKyHKa XBOpHX i Ha~3BH'laHHa IIpOIIOBik HHIJ;H IIOKaHHHH, qy~OTBOpHIJ;H. ,ll;eHb 22 JI!OTOrO (7 6epe3HH), C. 215.

MAPKI.HH, V CT., CBH~eHHK, yrrpaBHTeJih rraTpiapiiioi: u;epKBH CB. Co<Pil B IJ;apropo~i, Mym. rroKaHHHoro m.HTTH, rrpHHTeJib y6ornx, 3aCHOBHHK Bom.nx xpaMiB, qy~oTBopeu;b. ,ll;eH~-10 ci'IHH (23 ci'IHH), c. 69.

MAPKO APETYCIHChKMH, IV cT., errncKorr MicTa ApeTycn B JliBaHCbKHX ropax, 6araTO HaTeprriBCH Bi~ IIOraH 3a 3pyil:HyBaHHH lXHbOrO XpaMy. ,ll;eHb 29 6epe3HH (11 KBiTHH), C. 355.

MAPOH, IV CT., rrycTHHHHK i qy~OTBopeu;b, 3 iMeHeM aKoro rroB'H3aHa Ha3Ba MapOHiTiB. ,ll;eHb 14 JI!OTOrO (27 JI!OTOro), C. 201. , MAPTMHI.HH, rrycTHHHHK y IlaJieCTHHi. ,ll;eHh 13 JI!OToro (26 JI!OToro), c. 198.

MATPOHA COJIYHChKA, II CT., ~iB'IHHa-cJiyJKHHIJ;H, 3aMy'leHa 3a XpncTOBY Bipy. ,ll;eHb 27 6epe3HH (9 KBiTHH), c. 353.

!O~eil:KoiO

MEJIETIH, IV cT., apxierrncKorr-rraTpiapx AHTioxil, BHCBHTHB Ha cB. BacHJiiH BeJIHKoro, 6yB Tpnqi Ha 3acJiaHHi 3a BipHiCTb XpncToBiil: IJ;epKBi, HeBTOMHO rrpau;!OBaB Ha~ ycyHeHHHM apiaHChKOl epeci il: poa'e~HaHHH cepe~ BipHHX. IloMep 381 poKy B IJ;apropo~i, roJioByiO'IH Ha BceJieHCbKOMY Co6opi. ,ll;eHb 12 JI!OToro (25 JIIOToro), c. 193. ~HHKOHa

371

MEJIITOH, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiiicbKHii My<IeHHK. ,[{eHb 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

MRKOJIA, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiiic:E.KHii (22 6epe3H.H), c. 279.

My<IeHH~.

,[{eHb 9 6epeaH.H

MYqEHI1Kl1 AMOPIHCbKI, IX cT., qecHi ii xopo6pi CTapiiiHHH rpeD;bKOrO BiHCbKa, .HKi qepe3 3p~y O,ll;HOrO 3 KOMeH,n;aHTiB IIOTpaiiHJIH ,ll;O capaiJ;HHiB y IIOJIOH, ,n;e IIiCJI.H ,ll;OBrHX i B8JIHKHX TeprriHb 3arHHYJIH Bi,n; Me'la, 3aJIHTIIHBIIIHCb BipHHMH BoroBi, iMrrepaTopoBi ii 6aTbKiBID;HHi. ,[{eHb 6 6epe3H.H (19 6epeaH.H), c. 263 .

MYqEHI1Kl1 €BfEHIHCbKI, rrepiiii BiKH xpHCTH.HHCTBa, 3Haii,n;eHo B MOrHJii lXHi H8TJiiHHi CB. MOIIJ;i i IIOKJI~8HO B u;epKBi. ,[{eHb 22 JIIOTOrO (7 6epeaH.H), c. 214.

MYqEHI1Kl1 KAHA,[{CbKI, XVII cT., aarHHYJIH aa XpHCTOBY sipy Bi,n; pyK mopcToKoro iH,n;iaHCbKOro rrJieMeHi ipoKBOlB. ,[{eHb 16 6epeaHSI (29 6epe3H.H), c. 323.

MYqEHI1Kl1 CEBACTIHChKI, IV cT., pHMCbKi BO.HKH, aaMepaJIH Ha Jibo,n;y, a Xp>rcToBoi: BipH He Bi,n;peKJIHC.H. ,[{eHb 9 6epe3H.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

HABEqiP'.H BOfO.HBJIEHH.H. ,[{eHb 5 ci'IH.H (18 ci'IH.H), c. 47 .

HEo~·rr, III cT., roHaK-'Iy,n;oTBopeu;b, My<IeHHK aa Xp>rcToBy Bipy. ,[{eHb 21 ci'IH.H (3 JIIOToro), c. 116.

Hl1Kl1<t>OP. IIepeHeceHH.H cB. Moru;eii ,[{eHb 13 6epe3H.H (26 6epeaH.H), c. 308.

u;apropo,~~;c:E.iwro

rraTpiapxa.

Hl1Kl1<t>OP, III cT., aarHHYB y KopiHTi .HK CB. My'leHHK. ,[{eHb 10 6epeaH.H (23 6epeaH.H), c. 297.

Hl1Kl1<t>OP, III CT. CB. My<IeHHK. ,[{eHb 9 JIIOToro (22 JIIOToro), c. 191.

HIKA, III CT., cs. MyqeHHIJ;.H. ,[{eHb 10 6epe3H.H (23 6epeaH.H), c. 297.

HIKOH, III cT., HaBepHeHHii BO.HK, HacTaBHHK MOHaxis y BeJIHKOMY MOHaCTHpi Ha CHD;HJiil, aapy6aHHii Me'! eM aa Xp>rcToBy Bipy. ,[{eHb 23 6epe3H.H (5 KBiTH.H), C. 343.

HIHA-XPRCTRHA, IV cT., HeBiJibHHD;.H-6paHKa, aaB,n;.HKH i:ii rroIIIHpHJiacb XpHCTOBa Bipa B fpyaiL IcTopi.H rrpaB,ll;HBa, aJie 6araTa pi3HHMH Jier'eH,n;aMH. ,[{eHb 14 Ci'IH.H (27 Ci'IH.H), C. 83.

HYHEXI.H, III CT., CB. KopiHTC:E.Ka My<IeHHIJ;.H. ,[{eHb 10 6epeaHSI (23 6epeaH.H), c. 297.

372

OBPI3AHH.H ICYCA XPHCTA. ,1l;eHb 1 ci'IH.H (14 ci'IH.H), c. 13.

0,1l;IJIOH (962-1049), a6aT-apxiMaH,n;pHT y KmoHi, aacHOBHHK 28 MOHaCTHpiB, o6HOBHHK qepHe'loro :IKHTT.H, peBHHH noiiiHpiOBa'l Bomoro MHpy ni,n; qac BiHHH, aano'laTKyBaB pOKOBi DOMHHKH aa DOKiHHHKiB, aBeJIH'lHB IIpecB.HTY Boropo,n;Hn;IO. ,1l;eHh 1 ci'IH.H (14 ci'IH.H), c. _,!33.

OJIEKCAH,1l;P, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MY'leHHK. ,1l;eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 qepe3H.H), c. 279.

OJIEKCAH,1l;PH, IV cT., ,n;Ba erHneTChKi IOHaKH, B6HTi Me'leM aa XpHCTOBY Bipy B Kecapii: IlaJiecTHHChKiii. ,1l;eHb 15 6epeaH.H (28 6epeaH.H), C. 317.

OJIEKCIM, V cT., BiB :IKHTT.H B6ororo me6paKa B cHpiiichKOMY MicTi E,n;ecci; a iioro :IKHTT.HM noB'.HaaHi piaHi Jiei'eH,n;apHi onoBi,n;aHH.H. ,[(eHb 17 6epe3H.H (30 6epeaH.H), c. 330.

OHHCHM, I CT., cno'laTKY noraHHH-HeBiJihHHK, aro,n;oM noMi'lHHK cB. anocToJia IlaBJia, enHcKon i MyqeHHK aa XpHcToBy Bipy. ,1J;eHb 15 JllOTOrO (28 JllOTOrO ), C. 205.

OTIJ;I 3 JIABPH CB. CABH, IV cT., aamHyJIH Bi,n; pyK capan;HHiB D06JIH3y 8pycaJIHMa. ,1J;eHb 20 6epe3H.H (2 KBiTH.H), C. 340.

IIABJIO, IV cT., KOJIHIIIHiii BO.HK, aaMyqeHHH aa XpHcTOBY Bipy paaoM ai cB. IlaM¢liJIOM. ,1l;eHb 16 JIIOToro (1 6epeaH.H), c. 206.

IIABJIO THBAMChKHM, III cT., nepiiiHH nycTHHHHK, ru;o aa iMnepaTOpa ,1J;eKi.H DOCeJIHBC.H B nyCTHHi, npO:IKHBIIIH Ha CaMOTi 90 pOKiB. ,1J;eHb 15 Ci'IH.H (28 Ci'IH.H), C. 90.

IIAM<l>IJI, IV CT., naJieCTHHCbKHH CB.HID;eHHK, HaiicJiaBHiiiiHH aHaBeiJ;h Bi6Jii'i cepe,n; CBo'ix cyqacHHKiB, MHJiocep,n;HHH mepTBo,n;aBen;b, My'leHHK aa XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,1l;eHh 16 JIIOToro (1 6epeaH.H), c: 206 IIAIIA, IV cT., erHnT.HHHH, aarHHYB .HK MyqeHHK aa XpHcToBy Bipy paaoM ai cB. CaBHHOM. ,1l;eHh 16 6epe3H.H (29 6epeaH.H), c. 323.

IIAIIIM, III CT., CB. KopiHTCbKHH MyqeHHK. ,1l;eHb 10 6epeaH.H (23 6epeaH.H), c. 297.

IIAPTEHIM, IV CT., enHCKon JlaMncaKa, MY:IK npaBe,n;Horo :IKHTT.H, qy,n;oTBopen;L. ,1l;eHb 7 JIIOToro (20 JIIOToro), c. 183.

IIATPHK (389-461), enHcKon i anocToJI IpJim,n;iL ,1l;eHb 17 6epeaH.H (30 6epeaH.H), c. 332.

IIETPO CEBACTIMChKHM, IV cT., 6paT cB. BacHJii.H BeJIHKoro, iryMeH nepiiioro BacHJii.HHCbKoro MOHacTHp.H B Marrin Aai'i, enHcKon

.

373

CeBacTil, n;epKOBHHH nHCbMeHHHK, o6opoHen;h 'IHCToi: XpHCTOBOi: BipH nepe,D; apiaHaMH. ,ll;eHh 9 ci'IHJI (22 ci'IHJI), c. 63.• IIOKJIIH OKOBAM CB.HTOfO IIETPA. ,ll;eHb 16 ci'IHJI (29 ci'IHJI),

c. 97.

IIOJII8BKT, III CT., cTapiiiHHa pHMChKOi: apMil B MeJiiTHHi (MaJia A3iJI), 3apy6mmii: Me'leM 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy 3a iMnepaTopa ,ll;eKiJI. ,ll;eHh 9 Ci'IHJI (22 Ci'IHJI), C. 61.

IIOJIIKAPII, II cT., enHcKon CMHPHH B MaJiiii: A3ii:, Y'leHb cB. anocToJia itoaHa, AnocTOJihChKHH 0Ten;h, My'leHHK, cnaJieHHH 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,ll;eHb 23 JIIOTOro (8 6epe3HJI), C. 219.

IIOP<PMPIH, IV CT., Y'leHh CB. IlaMc:}JiJia, MY'IeHHK, cnaJieHHH 3a Xpn:cToBy Bipy. ,ll;eHb 16 JIIOToro (1 6epe3HJI), c. 206.

IIOPIPMPIH, V cT., MaKe,D;oHen;h 3 TecaJioHiKH, 'lepHen;h y 8rn:nTi, CBJIIIJ;eHHK i CTpam fOCllO,Il;HhOrO XpeCTa B 8pyCaJIHMi, 3rO,D;OM enHCKOll naJieCTHHCbKOrO MiCTa fa3H, o6opOHeiJ;h XpHCTHJIHCbKOl BipH nepe,D; noraHaMH, 6y,D;iBHH'IHH BeJIHKOl n;epKBH Ha Micn;i noraHCbKOrO xpaMy, peBHHH naCTHp CBOlX BipHHX. ,ll;eHh 26 JilOTOrO (11 6epe3HJI),

c. 231.

IIPJ1_4;K, IV cT., cB. ceBacTiHChKHH My'leHHK. ,ll;eHb 9 6epe3HJI

(22 6epe3HJI), c. 279.

IIPOKIII ,ll;EKAIIOJIIT, VIII CT., naJieCTHHen;h, 'lepHen;h, 6opoBCJI 3a npaBO BIIIaHOByBaHHJI CB. o6pa3iB am ,D;O KpOBi. ,ll;eHb 27 JilOTOrO (12 6epe3HJI), c. 251.

IIYBJIIH, IV CT., roHaK, 3apy6aHHH Me'!eM 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy B Kecapil IIaJieCTHHChKiH. ,ll;eHb 15 6epe3HJI (28 6epe3HJI), c. 317.

PECIIIIJJH, III CT., no6paTHM cB. Tpn:cpoHa, pa3oM 3 HHM 3arHHYB y MaJiiii: A3il Bi,D; Me'!a 3a Xpn:cToBy Bipy. ,ll;eHb 1 JIIOToro (14 JIIOToro),

c. 173.

POMMJI, IV CT., ni,D;,D;HJIKOH 3 ,ll;iacnoJIJI, 3apy6aHHH Me'!eM aa Xpn:cTa B Kecapil IlaJieCTHHChKiii:. ,ll;eHb 15 6epe3HJI (28 6epe3HJI),

c. 317.

POMYAJlh,ll; (951-1027), nycTHHHHK i 'lepHen;h, 3aCHOBHHK MOHacTn:piB i qHHY 0Tn;iB KaMe,D;yJiiB, rn;o HOCJITh 6iJii pJicH, iKHBYTh Bi,D;OKpeMJieHO i 36epiraiOTb CYBOpe MOB'IaHHJI, CllOpi,D;HeHi llpaBHJiaMH 3 0Tn;JIMH BeHe,D;HKTHHIJ;JIMH. ,ll;eHh 7 JIIOToro (20 JIIOToro), c. 184.

CABMH, IV CT., erHnTJIHHH, yTonJieHHH B pin;i HiJI 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,ll;eHb 16 6epe3H'JI (29 6epe3HJI), c. 323.

374

CAKEP,ll;OH, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiiichKKH My'leHHK. ,ll;eHh 9 6epe3HH

(22 6epe3HH), c.

CB.HTO TPhOX CB.HTRX. ,ll;eHh 30 ci'IHH (12 moToro), c. 152.

CEBEPRH, V cT., anocToJI HopiKyMy (ABcTpii:), 25 poKiB 6yB

npoBi~HHKOM Ha~~yHaHChKHX XpHCTHHH, 3aCHOBHHK MOHaCTHpi:. ,ll;e~b 8 ci'IHH (21 Ci'IHH), C. 58.

CEBEPI.HH, IV CT., cB. caBacTiii:chKHH My'leHHK. ,ll;eHh 9 6epe3HH

(22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

CEJIEBKIH, IV cT., KOJIHIIIHiii: BOHK 3 Kann~oKii:, My'leHHK, 3apy6aHHH Me'leM 3a XpHCTOBY Bipy pa3oM 3i cB. IlaMilJiJioM. ,ll;eHh 16 JIIOToro (1 6epe3HH), c. 206.

CEPAIIIOH, III cT., 3arHHYB HK My'leHHK 3a XpHcTa. ,ll;eHh 10 6epe3HH (23 6epe3HH), c. 297.

CRJihBECTP, IV cT., 33 XpHcTOBHH HaMiCHHK, nepiiiHH Ilana nicJIH H~aHHH xpHCTHHHaM peJiiriii:Hoi: cBo6o~H iMnepaTopoM KoHcTaHTHHOM, nporOJIOCHB JlHTepaHChKY 6a3HJiiKy KaTe~paJibHOIO u;epKBOIO PHMa, BH~aB po3nopH~meHHH npo Bi~npaBy CJiym6H Bomoi: Ha noJIOTHHHOMY o6pyci i TIOCBH'IeHHH MHpa E:TIHCKOTIOM. ,ll;eHh 2 Ci'IHH (15 Ci'IHH),

c. 38. "' pyKax Icyca XpHcTa CRMEOH, I cT., npaBe~HHK, TPHMaB Ha CBoi:x B ~eHh CTpiTeHHH. ,ll;eHh 3 JIIOToro (16 JIIOToro), c. 177.

CRHAHChKI ii: PAITChKI OTI.I;I, MOHaxH-nycTHHHHKH, B6HTi capaIJ;HHaMH B CHHaiichKiii: i Pai:TChKiii: nycTHHHX Ha~ qepBOHHM MopeM. ,ll;eHb 14 Ci'IHH (27 Ci'IHH), C. 80.

CRHKJIITRKA, IV cT.,

~iB'IHHa-3aTBOpHHIJ;H.

,ll;eHh, 5 ci'IHH

(18 Ci'IHH), C. 48.

CICIHIH, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiHChKHH MyqeHHK. ,ll;eHh 9 6epe3HH

(22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

CMAP.A:r'.n;, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiii:chKHH My'leHHK. ,ll;eHh 9 6epe3HH

(22 6epe3HH), c. 279.

COBOP APXAHfEJIA fABPIIIJIA. ,ll;eHb 26 6epe3HH (8 KBiTHH),

c. 351.

COBOP IIPE,ll;TEql. ,ll;eHb 7 ci'IHH (20 ci'IHH), c. 55.

COBOP CEMII,ll;EC.HTII AIIOCTOJIIB. ,ll;eHh 4 ci'IHH (17 ci'IHH),

c. 45.

375

CO<PPOH, VII CT., cHpie~h, npaBe,n;HHH i 6ea6o.H3HHH apxienHCKonnaTpiapx Epyca.JIHMa, o6opoHe~h 'IHCTOTH X~HCTOBo'i BipH nepe,n; epeTHKaMH-MOHOTe.JiiTaMH. IloMep Ha 'IY»tHHi IIiC.JI.H 3aHH.HTT.H Epyca.JIFIMa capa~FIHaMH. ,[(eHh 11 6epeaH.H (24 6epeaH.H), c. 298.

CTEIIAH "IIY,[(OTBOPEI.J;h, IX cT., iryMeH TpHK.JiiHChKoro Mt>HaCTHp.H, aarHHYB Ha aac.JiaHHi aa BIIIaHOByBaHH.H CB. o6paaiB. ,[(eHb 28 6epe3H.H (10 KBiTH.H), C. 355.

CTPATOHIK, IV cT., oxopoHe~h B'.HaHH~i. yTon.JieHHH B ,[(yHalO aa XpHcToBy Bipy . .IJ:eHh 13 ci'IH.H (26 ci'IH.H), c. 78.

CTPITEHHH ICYCA XPHCTA. ,[(eHh 2 .JIIOToro (15 .JIIOToro), c. 175.

TAPAC, VIII CT., ro.JIOBHHH nHcap iMnepaTopa, aro,n;oM- naTpiapx I.J;apropo,n;a, o6opoHe~h BIIIaHoByBaHH.H cB. o6paaiB, opraHiaaTop VII Bce.JieHChKOro Co6opy B HiKe'i, 6ea6o.H3HHH o6opoHe~h HepoapHBHOCTi no,n;pymm.H Bipo.JIOMHoro iMnepaTopa KoHcTaHTHHa VI, 6opoBc.H npoTH CB.HToKyncTBa :ll BHCTaBHOCTi Mim ,n;yxoBeHCTBOM, Mym MO.JIHTBH :ll .JII06FITe.Jib KHFI»tOK . .IJ:eHb 25 JIIOTOrO (10 6epe3H.H), C. 226.

TEKJlH, IV cT., aa XpHCTOBY Bipy 6y.Jia KFIHyTa aBipaM Ha poaTepaaHH.H paaoM ai CB. AranieM . .IJ:eHh 15 6epeaH.H (28 6epe3HH), c. 317.

TEOJ!OP THPOH, IV cT., MY"tJ:eHHK, npo .HKoro He aHaeMo ,n;ocToBipHo, KHM BiH 6yB Ta ,n;e aarHHYB aa XpFICTOBY Bipy . .IJ:eHh 8 .JIIOTOro (21 .JIIOTOro), C. 188.

TEO.IJ:OPA, III cT., aaMY"tJ:eHa B MicTi KopiHTi aa XpFICTOBY Bipy . .IJ:eHh 10 6epeaH.H (23 6epeaH.H), c. 297.

TEO,[(OCIH BEJIHKHH (423-529), aacHOBHHK Be.JIHKoro BacFI.Jii.HHChKOro MOHaCTHp.H, HaCTO.HTe.Jih ycix IIa.JieCTHHChKHX MOHaXiB, '~Y.Il:OTBope~h, o6opoHe~h 'IFICTo'i XpHCTOBO'i BipH nepe,n; epeTFIKaMFIMOHo4JiaHTaMH . .IJ:eHb 11 Ci'IH.H (24 Ci'IH.H), C. 71.

TEO,[(OT, IV cT., enFicKon KHpFIHe'i, 6yB My'leHHM aa XpHCTOBY Bipy . .IJ:eHh 2 6epeaH.H (15 6epeaH.H), c. 257.

TEO.IJ:YJI, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiHChKFIH MY"tJ:eHFIK . .IJ:eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

TEOKTHCT, VIII cT., BaCH.Jii.HHChKHH iryMeH Ha Ci'IH.H (17 Ci'IH.H), C. 4 7.

CH~H.Jii'i.

.IJ:eHh 4

TEOHA-CHHHECIH, III CT., cB. My'leHHK . .IJ:eHh 5 ci'IH.H (18 ci'IHH), c. 48.

376

TEOITEMITT, III CT., errHcKorr HiKoMi,n;ii:, aapy6aHHH Ha HaKaa iMrrepaTopa ,IJ;ioKJieTiaHa rrpH6JIH3HO 284 poKy. ,IJ;em. 5 ciqH.H (18 ciqH.H),

c. 48.

TEO<l>AH, VIII cT., rpeu;hKHH ceHaTop, .HKHH aa aro,n;oro miHKH CTaB MOHaXOM, a6y,n;yBaB ,ZJ;Ba MOHaCTHpi, Bi,ZJ;CTOIOBaB BillaHyBaHH.H cB. o6paaiB. lloMep Ha aacmumi. ,IJ;eHh 12 6epeaH.H (25 6epeaH.H), c • .300.

TEO<l>IJI, IV CT., CB. ceBacTiii:c:E.KHH MyqeHHK. ,IJ;eHh 9 6epeaH.H

(22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

TEO<l>IJIAKT, IX CT., errHcKorr HiKoMi,n;ii: (MaJia Aai.H), o6opoHeiJ;h BmaHyBaHH.H cB. o6paaiB, .HKHH 30 JiiT KapaBc.H Ha aacJiaHHi B Kapil ii: TaM 3aKiHqlfB CBOe mHTT.H 845 poKy. ,IJ;eHh 8 6epe3H.H (21 6epe3H.H),

c. 273.

TET.HHA, III CT., ,n;iBqHHa-MyqeHHIJ;.H, .HKa aarHHyJia B PHMi aa XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,IJ;eHh 12 ciqH.H (25 ciqH.H), c. 76.

Tl1MOJIAH, IV cT., aarHHYB Bi,n; Meqa B Kecapii: llaJieCTHHChKiii:. ,IJ;eHh 15 6epeaH.H (28 6epeaH.H), c. 317.

Tl1MOTEH, I cT., errHCKOII EQ:>eca, Haii:Kpaw;Hii: yqeHh i Haii:BipHimHii: ,ZJ;YXOBHHH CHH Ta IIOMiqHHK CB. aiiOCTOJia llaBJia. 3arHHYB MyqeHHIJ;hKOIO cMepTIO Bi,n; pyK rroraH, rro6HTHH rraJIHIJ;.HMH ii: KaMiHH.HM y 97 pou;i. ,IJ;eHb 22 ciqH.H (4 JIIOToro), c. 117.

Tl1MOTEH Cl1MBOJihChKl1ll, VII CT., M"cmax CHMBOJibCbKOro MOHaCTHp.H II06JIH3Y IJ;apropo,n;a, w;e IOHaKOM 3p06HB IIOCTaHOBY HaBiTb He rro,n;HBHTHC.H Ha miHoqe JIHIJ;e i aa Bomoro ,n;orroMororo ,n;oTpHMaB i:l am ,n;o cMepTi. ,IJ;eHh 21 JIIOToro (6 6epeaH.H), c. 212.

TOMA AKBIHChKl1ll (1226-1274), MOJIO,ZJ;HH iTaJiiHChKHH rpa<J> a AKBiHo, rrepecJii,n;yBaHHH pi,n;Hero aa BCTYII ,n;o MOHaCTHp.H 0TIJ;iB ,IJ;oMiHiKaHu;iB, arO,ZJ;OM - qepHeiJ;b-CB.HID;eHHK i rrpoQ:lecop, .HKHH \l6araTHB KaTOJIHIJ;bKY IJ;epKBY 20 TOMaMH Q:liJiocoQ:>c:E.KHX i 6orocJIOBChKHX TBopiB. Moro "CyMMa TeoJioriKa" e HaHIIOBHimoro 6orocJIOBCbKOIO rrpa.u;ero y cBiTi. Mym MOJIHTBH ii: Ha,ZJ;3BlfqaHH01 rroKopH. ,IJ;eHh 7 6epeaH.H (20 6epeaH.H), c. 266.

TPH<l>OH, III cT., IOHaK, aapy6aHHH MeqeM y MaJiiii: Aaii: aa XpHCTOBY Bipy. ,IJ;eHb 1 JIIOTOrO (14 JIIOTOrO), C. 173. <l>JIABIH, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiii:cbKHH MyqeHHK. ,IJ;eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279. <l>OJIIKTHMOH, IV cT., CB. ceBacTiHCbKHH MyqeHHK. ,IJ;eHh 9 6epeaH.H (22 6epeaH.H), c. 279.

377

ct>PAHJJ,ICK CAJlbCbKI:Ifl: (1567-1622), enacKon jf\eHeBa, Y'laTe.Jib IJ;epKBR, CJiaBHRH Miciii:HOIO npau;ero Mim Ka.JibBiHicTaMa, cniB3aCHOBHRK 3rpoMa,n;meHHH CecTep Bi3RTOK, 3aCHOBHRK ,n;yxoBHoi: CeMiHapii:, n;epKOBHRH IIRCbMeHHMK, He6eCHHH 3aCTyiiHHK mypHa.JiiCTiB i IIHCbMeHHHKiB, O,IJ;RH 3 HaHCJiaBHiiiiHX KaTOJIMIJ;bKHX E:IIHCKOIIiB. ,Zl;eHb 29 Ci'IHH (11 JIIOTOro), C. 144.

XAPAJIAMITIH, III cT., enacKon cHpi:HcbKoro MicTa MarHe3il, qy,n;oTBopeu;b, max.JIHBO MyqeHHH 3a XpMCTOBY Bipy, nic.JIH nepe,n;cMepTHoi: MOJIRTBR 3aCHYB cnoKiii:Ho B Bo3i w;e ,n;o Toro, HK ii:oMy Bi,n;py6a.JIH ro.JioBy. ,Zl;eHb 10 JIIOToro (23 JIIOToro), c. 191.

XAPI:ITOH, III CT., ,IJ;RHKOH, 3araHyB y Ma.Jiiii: A3il Bi,n; Me'la 3a XpacTOBY Bipy pa3oM 3 enacKonoM KJiaMeHTOM AHKHpCbKRM. ,Zl;eHb 23 ci'IHH (5 JIIOToro), c. 126.

XAPIICCA, III cT., CB. My'leHRIJ;H. ,Zl;eHb 10 6epe3HH (23 6epe3HH),

c. 297.

XPI:I3AHT, III cT., HaBepHeHHH noraHaH, m;o 3arHHYB 3a XpacToBy Bipy 3i CBOE:IO JKiHKOIO ,Zl;apieiO. ,Zl;eHb 19 6epe3HH (1 KBiTHH), C. 338.

XPI:ICTOct>OP, III CT., ,IJ;HHKOH, 3araHyB Bi,n; Me'la 3a XpacToBy Bipy pa3oM 3i cB. KJiaMeHTOM AHKapcbKHM. ,Zl;eHb 23 ci'IHH (5 JIIOToro),

c. 126.

XY,Zl;IOH, IV CT., cB. ceBacTiii:cbKRH MyqeHaK. ,ll;eHb 9 6epe3HH (22 6epe3HH), c. 279. lOPifl: X03EBI:IT (730-812), MOJIO,IJ;RM XJIOIID;eM IIOTaHKR BTiK 3 ,IJ;OMY CBOro oniKyHa B Xo3eBHTCbKRH MOHRCTiip HB.,ZI;. fl:op,n;aHOM, ,n;e Ha,IJ;3BR'IaHHO npaBe,IJ;HO IIpOBiB CBOE: :>RRTTH. ,Zl;eHb 8 Ci'IHH (21 Ci'IHH),

c. 55 . .HKIB Bl:I3HABEJJ,b, VIII cT., 3araHyB Ha 3ac.JiaHHi 3a BIIIaHyBaHHH CB. o6pa3iB. ,Zl;eHb 21 6epe3HH (3 KBiTHH), C. 341.

378

PeniriiiiHe B"'AaHHA

AH,n;piii ifocaclJaT rpHropiii TPYX mHTT.H CB.HTHX

Y qoTHphOX

KHBraX

1] KHII1rA

Bw,D,aHHR ,D,pyre, awnpaaneHe ra ,D,oni:JaHeHe

Ieanna l(OPOm MupocJtae 3AH~b Xy.ztomHiH pe,~taKTOp Po.MaH rHMOH TexHi'IHHH pe.ztaKTop Corpi.R l(OBBA KopeKTOP ranna mKOJIHK KoMrr'IOTepHa BepcTKa 0JtbZU KY3bMHlf Pe.ztaKTop

Xy.ztmKHHK

3,11BHO Ha CKJIR,IIBHH.R 15. 08. 95. Ili.,llnHCBHO ,110 IIPYKY 28.12.96. <l>opMBT 60x90 1/16. Ilanip o¢1c. O¢Jc. IIPYK. rapHiTYPB IIIKiJILHa. YMOB. IIPYK· apK. 23,5. YMOB. ¢lap60·Bi.,ll6. 23,75. 06JI.·BH,II. apK. 23,16. , 38M 42 BH,IIaBHH~TBO OT~iB BacHJii.RH "MicioHep".

290019, M. JILBiB, ByJI. B. XMeJILHH~LKoro, 36.

•

moBKiBCbKa KHHlKKOBa IIPYKBPH.R BHIIBBHII~TBa Oru,is BacHJiiRH uMiciouep" .

292310, M. mosKBa JlLBiBCbKOl o6JI., ByJI . BacHJii.RHCLKB,

8.