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1440

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1578

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(1583).

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1586

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210

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(1590).

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211

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1590

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212

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238

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1608

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(1614)

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(1616)

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1656

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1656

ro~y TeCHbiH COI03! o6e~aeT WBe~aM Bb!CTYII8Tb CO CBOHM

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1657

ro~a 6blna ua'laTa o6~HMB CHJiaMH ¥_KpaKBbl, TpaucuJILBa-

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1657

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330

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83.

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no HOBbiH. cTpoif sceil: BocTo'luoil: 'YKpanue -

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331

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1649-1650 ronoa

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sa npuol CTopo8e Jlaenpa Ml>l BHllRM .ae-

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1649

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1659

ro,l\y, HO 3T8 KOBCTHTYD;.HSI He iWJia OCY·

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333

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1665

ro,o;a o,nnH aa

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1665 ro.z~y oa JIH'IHO OTnpaaHJICR aa noKJIOH a

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355

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858

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1669 ro~a Ha PAAe B

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359

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(1668), DOTOM, I<OI'A& ero paarpoMHJI ~opomeHKO, sa ero MeCTO 6WJI (1670). 3TH aanopo>KCKHe

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1669

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360'

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361

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1668

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1672 ro,na

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362

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1681

ro,~:~y; HO npn no,t~TBepm,~:~eHHH ero B KoacTaHTHHonone 3Ta

CTaTb$1 1 OCTaBJIJIBWaJI 3eMJIH Me>K,t~y ,I:(HenpoM H ByroM He3aCeJieHHhiMH, 6&IJia Bhi'tepKHyTa, TaK KaK TypeU.KOe npaBHTeJI&CTBO HaMepeBaJIOCh HX 3aCeJIHTb. :3To, O):IHaKO, eMy O'leHh DJIOXO y,t~aBaJIOCb. flOCJie tUII'HpHHCKHX noxo,~:~os

1677-1678

ro~os TYPKH ocTaBHJIH llpaso6epemayxo YK-

paHHY no,~:~ ynpasneHHeM IOpacR XMeJI&HHU.Koro, aa,~:~eSJc&, ttTO ero CJI8BHOe HMR npHBJietteT K HeMy HaCeJieHHe, HO lOpac&, KpoMe CJlaB· HOI'O HMeHH, HHtterO ,t~pyrOI'O He HMeJI K He 6&IJI B COCTOSIHHR ):IOC· THI'HYTh HH'lero DOJIO>KHTeJibHOI'O B TaKHX TR>KeJihiX YCJIOBHJIX.

1681

ro,~:~y TypKH OT03BaJIH ero H nopyqHJIH YKpaHHY ynpasneHHIO

. lllOJI,I:IaBCKOI'O BOeBO):Ihl ,I:(yKH1 , H TOT qepe3 nocpe,t~CTBO CBOHX areHTOB 3aHSIJICSI KOJIOHH3aiJ,HeH 3TOI'O KpRJI, npH3biBaSI nOCeJieHIJieB H

o6elll.aJI HM ,~:~onroJieTHHe JI&I'OThl. Ha 3TH npH3blBhl CTaJIH JIBJIRT&c.R DOCeJieHU.hi o6paTHO H3·3a ,I:(Henpa, y6e,t~HBOJHCh, 'ITO Ta.MOWHHe ycJlOBRJI >KH3HH TO>Ke He OtteHh npHBJieKaTeJihHhl. Ho ,I:(yKy CXBaTH• JIH DOJIJIKH B OHHaJI

1683

I'O):Iy, H Ha 3TOM KOH'IHJiaCb ero KOJ10HH3aU.A-

,~:~eHTeJI&HOCTh,

a DOCJie Hero TypKH He CyMeJIH ,!I.OCTHI'HYTJ>

HHKaY.HX ycneXOB B 3aCeJieHHH 3TOI'O KpaR, XOTJI H ):leJiaJIH pa3Hhle DOllhiTKH.

ropaa,~:~o 6on&WHM ycnexoM semi aaceneHHe llpaso6epemuon

YKpainlbi pa3H&Ie KOJIOHH3aTOpbi,

,~:~eiicTBOBaBmHe

no nopyqeHHIO

nonbcKoro npaBHTeJibCTBa. Co6eccKnR ,~:~na caoHx BORH c Typu.Heli HY>K.t18JICJI B K03aU.KOM BOHCKe, H pa3Hhle JIHU.a C06HpaJIH K03aKOB no ero nopyqeHHIO. lCo3aKH yqacTBOBaJIH s noxo,~:~e Co6eccKoro

1683 ro,~:~a,

KOr,u.a oli xo,~:~HJI BhlpyqaTb BeHy OT TypoK, oKa3aJIH eMy

sec&Ma u.eaH&Ie ycnyrH, H OH Haxo,u.Hn otteH& menaTeJI&HbiM aaceJIHT& flpH,U.HenpOBbe DOCeJieHU.aMH, KOTOphle MOI'JIH 6bl HeCTH KO• aau.I<yiO cny)Koy.

B 1684

ro,~:~y Co6ecCKHH onpe,~:~eJIHJI ):IJIR Koaau.KHX

noceneHHH 3eMnH ua xor OT p. PocH, o6e111.a11 noceneau.aM paaahle npaBa H Jlbr'O':'l>J, H ero pacnop.lUI<eHHSI 3aTeM DOATBepAHJI CeHM

(1685).

OprattH3aU.Heii 3aceJietnHI 3aHRJIOCb HeCKOJibKO JIHU., npH-

H.HBWliX 3llaHI-Ie noJIKOBIHIKOB 3,1l.eWHRX nonKoB. HcKpa B KopcyHe, CaMyc& n Borycnase, A6a3HH Ha l1o6ymoe, a CeMen f'ypKo, npoasaa-

1 YKpanHCKHii .ncTonHce~

BenwlKO paccKa3hlBaeT, 'ITO IOpacb XMeJib-

HH~KHfi OOTOM Ct.qC pa3 6LIJI npHCJI8H H8 YKp8HHy, DOCJie ,AyKH, HO KOH'!HJI

DJI8"!CBHO: OR 38MyqHJI O,IIHOrO 6oraTOtO HCMiipOBCKOrO CBpe!'l, H TypKH npn:I'OBOpUJIH ero aa aTO K CMCPTH H YJt8BHJIH s KaMeHue. Ho 31'0 JtOBOJibBO COMHHTeJibBblH paCCK83 :noM soaspa~.qeHHH

10.

H3 J{pyrHX HCTO'llfHKOB Mbl HH'lCtO He 3H8CM 06

XMeJibHH~Koro.

370

HLIH IlanHeM, HaH6oJiee H3BeCTHbiH H3 HHX, 3aHHJI OKpeCTHOCTH <l>aCTOBa, Mem,~:~y p. Pocb!O H TOr,~:~amseii rpaHH~eH reTMaH~HHbl. K BHM MaccaMI:l J:IBHHYJICH aapo,~:~ c npaaoro 6epera- H3 IloJieCbH, aa

BoJILIHH, llO):IOJIJUf, H H3 JieBo6epemHbiX DOJIKOB, OC06eHHO COCe):IHHX !O)KHbiX: rAAH'ICKOrO, Jly6eHCKoro, MHpropo):ICKOro. KaK pB.HbWe aaceJieHHe yxo,~:~HJIO c npaaoro 6epera Ha JieBbiH, TaK Tenepb WJIO 080 aaaa):l; MeCTHble BJiaCTH ycTpa:HB8.JIK 3aCTaBbl H KapayJibl, 'IT06bl CHJIOH 3a):lepmHB8Tb H B03Bp~aTb nepeceJieH~eB, HO He MOJ:'JIH y):lep)K8Tb aToro ,~:~aumeHHH. HMesso B 3TO apeMJI a Jleao6epemaoii YKpa:Hse CTapmHHa, BOCDOJlb30BaBlliHCb H8DJlbiBOM HOBLIX DOCeJieH~eB,

Ha'lana YCHJieHHO BBO):IHTb pa3Hble DOBHHHOCTH H HaJIOrH C Kpe-

CTbHHCKOJ:'O uaceJieHHH, c't'eCHHTb KpecTbHH B aeMJieBJia,l\eliHH. HeJ:IOBOJibHOe 3THM HaCeJieaHe ):IBHHYJIOCb Tenepb Ha DpH3biBLI ilaJJHH H ,1\pyrHX DOJIKOBHHKOB orpOMHOH MaCCOH Ha BOJibH:ble aeMJIH.

K8KHX-HH6y):lb TpH - t.teTblpe 1:'0):18 CHOBa DOHBHJIOCb 3Ha~mTeJibHOe

Koaa~Koe aaceneHne 1:1 Koaa~Koe aoiicKo aa Ilpaao6epemi>e. :no 6laiJIO KCT8TH Co6eCCKOMy, DOJlb30BaBllleMyCH K033~KOH DOMO~b!O B CBOHX BOHHaX C Typ~Heif; HO HOBoe HaCeJieHHe He 6biJIO paCDOJIOme-

ro,~:~a

HO YKJI8,1\biBaTbC$I B paMKH DOJibCKOrO pemHMa, H yme C

1688

fi8.JIHH H ,~:~pyrne DOJIKOBHHKH H8"1HHa!OT CTapaHHH -

DpHCOe):IH-

HBTb BOCCTaHOBJICHHble npaao6epemHLIC DOJIKH K Jleao6epemHOH reTM8HUIHHe.

91. B B

reTMaB~HBe

TO apeMH KaK llpaao6epemsas YKpaHaa nepemHaana TaKHe

pe3KHe nepeMeH:bl, TaKHe CTpamH:ble K8T8CTpObi, nepeXO):IHJla H3 OOJibCKHX pyK B MOCI<OBCKHe, H3 MOCKOBCKHX B Type~KHe, DYCTeJJa H aaCeJIHJI8Cb, YMHpaJia H Q)KHBaJJa, CTOHaJJa DO.!(

3K3eKy~HHMH

CHOBa B03pOm,~:~anaCb npH nepBOM J:IYHOBeHRJ,i CB060.l(bl, HeyMHpa!OJ:GaH, KaK caMa JKH3HI> -

mH3Hb Jleao6epe,I<HOH YKpaHHI>I THXO

H DOCTeneHHO KaTHJI8Cb DO):I ropy, npH6-'lH)K88Cb K 3cU<aTy CBOeH DOJIHTH"'eCKOH H 06ID,eCTBeH:UOH CB060,l\bl. C

1668

1:'0,1\a, OT BOCCTa-

HHJI Bp10xoae~Koro, a npOAOJimeHHe seCKOJII>KHx ,~:~ecSITKOB neT oaa He nepemusana HHKaKRX CMYT, HHKa.KHX CHJibHbiX DOTpHceHHH.

Ke-

JICHHO H KOHCDHpaTHBHO y6pana CTaplliHHa HenpHHTHOrO eft "MY路 )Klf"!bero

CbiHa~

IlonoBH"'a, -

H DOCa):IHJJa aa ero MeCTO JIOBKOrO H OCTOpOmHOrO

TaK me TO'lHO, CDYCTH IUITH3):1~8Tb JieT, KeJieHHO DO-

KOB"'HJia oaa c llonoauGeM H aaMeHHJia ero Maaenoii. KeJieifso ynpa3):1HHJia HJIB D03BOJIHJia MOCKOBC.KOMY npaBHTeJibCTBY ynpa3ABHTb OCT8TKH y.Kpai'IHCKHX DOJIBTH'leCKHX npaB H DO.KOpHO HCDOJI路 HJIJ18 Tpe60B8HHSI MOCKOBC.KHX npaBHTeJieH.

371

HMeSJ nepe.n cc6oii il!)tiide;> M:!!ornr'!mmuoro, 6e,ncTsosasmero B Cu6upu, •cKHTBHCL Mem .n»opos u noMHpasi rc.::c,ztHOJO cM~pr&.;v;, KaK OH OllHCbiB8.JI B CBOHX 'leJI06HTHbiX, -

OCTOpo)KHblit CaMOHJIO-

BH'I CTapaTeJibHO H36er8.JI BCero, 'ITO MOrJIO 6bl B036YAHTb npOTHB Hero Hey,nOBOJibCTBHe MOCKOBCKHX npaBHTeJieii. CbiHOBeii CBOHX OH Bb1CJI8.JI D MOCKBy -

3TO CJIY)KHJIO K HX llOJib3e, TalC K8K OHH CHHC-

KHBaJIH a,necb pacnOJIO)KeHHe MOCKOBCKHX npaBHTeJieii, KOTOpoe MOrJIO HM npurO.l{HTbCSJ BllOCJie.l{CTBHH, H O.l{HOBpeMeHHO CBH.l{eTeJib• CTsosano o BePHOCTH HX OT~a. CbiHOBeii a-rux CaMoiiJIOBH'I nOToM nposeJI B llOJIKOBHHKH: O.l{HH 6biJI CTapo,ny6CI(HM, ,npyroH 'lepHRrOB· CKHM; TpeTbHM llOJIKOBHHKOM -

ra,nSJ'ICKHM -

HHK; AO"'b cso10 CaMOHJIOBH'l BWA8.JI aa 6oSJpuua

6biJI ero llJieMSJH-

<1>.

IIIepeMeTesa u

ucxo.naTaiicTBOBaJI., 'IT06bt ero npucJI8.JIH soeso,noA B Kues. H MocKsa ~euuna cnym6y sepuoro reTMa.Ha H ero 6JiaropaayMHble coseTw, He o6pa~aJia DHHMRHIUI Ha AOHOCbl, KOTOpble OT BpeMeFUI .l{O BpeMeHH llOCTyn8.JIH Ha Hero, -

H KB38JI0Cb CaMOHJIOBH'IY, 'ITO OK MO)KeT

6b1T.b BllOJIHe CllOKOOH OTHOCHTeJibHO CBOOH 6yJI8Bblj He,npyrOB CBO· HX OH no6e.l{HJI, OKPY)KHJI Ce6H po,nCTBeHHHK8MH, o6ecne'IHJI Ce6H ~apCKOlO

MHJIOCT.blO.

Ilpas.na, aa aTy MHJIOCTb CaMoHJIOBH'IY npuxo.nunocb uuor.na ucnoJIHJIT.b O'leH& uenpuSJTHI.Ie nopyqeHHH, a ero npocb6bl, aaTpamBaBIIIHe MOCKOBCKYJO llOJIHTHKy, OCTaB8JIHCb 6ea YAOBJieTBOpeUHSij auaeM y)Ke, KaK OKOH'Iunacb ero npoc1.6a o nepe.naqe ao.n ero •pereMeHTt CJIOOO.l{CKHX nOJIKOB; T8KHX cnyqaeB 6.btJIO HeM8.JIO. IlpHIIIJIOCb eMy YCTpOHTb .l{JIH MOCKOBCKOro npaBHTeJI.bCTBa TO, 'lero .l{O CHX nop HHKTO He XOTeJI C.l{eJI8Tb -

llpHBecTH KHeBCKYJO MHTpOOOJIHlO B

llO.l{'IHHeHHe MOCKOBCKOro naTpHapxa. Kor,na yMep 'fyK8.JibCKHH

(1684),

MOCKOBCKOe npaBHTeJibCTBO

nopyquno CaMoAnosuqy nposecTH ua MHTponoJIHJO TaKoro 'leJioseKa, KOTOpbiH npHHHJI 6bl llOCBSJ~eHHe OT MOCKOBCKOrO naTpHapxa H npH3H8.JI ero BJIBCT&. CaMOHJIOBH'I uameJI TaKoro Kau,nu,naTa B JIHU.e CBOero POACTBeHHHKa re.neoua KHH3SJ CBSITOOOJIK8 •"leTsepTHHCKOrO, enHCKOOa JIYU.KOrO, H 06CT8BHJI ,neJIO T8K, 'ITO ero H36p8.JIH MHTpollO· JIHTOM, o6oii,nft Bapauose'la, KOToporo ue nro6HJI Car.~oiiJIOBH'l. Ilocne,nnuii np~CHJI TOJibKO MOCKOBCKOO npaBHTeJihCTBO, 'IT06bl OHO CBMO yna,nuno

.neno

c u.api.rpa,ncKHM naTpHapxoM, H3 snacTa KOToporo

KHeBCKHH MHTpODOJIHT ',nOJI)KeH 6b1JI nepeHTH OOA BJl8CTb ll8Tpuapxa MOCKOBCKOrO. MOCKOBCKOe npaBHTeJibCTBO o6paTHJIOCb K naTpH· apxy, HO TOT OK838.JI Heo)KH,QBHHOe COnpOTHBJieHHe: rOBOpHJI, 'ITO He MomeT pemaT& 6ea yqacTHSI ,npyrux naTpnapxos. Tortta MOCKOBC· KHe llOJIHTHKH nopyqHJIH 3TO _neJIO TypeU.KOMy BH3Hpl0, H TOT npoH3BeJI •AaBJieHHe• Ha IIBTPH8pXOB, T8K 'ITO OHH .l{OJI)KKbl 6hiJIH .l{8T.b cor11acue (Typ~RSI B 3TO speMSI aaucKHB8.Jia y Moct<Bbl, 'ITOObl oua

372

npncoe;:tHHRJiac~:.

K co-

103y, KOTOpb!H OpraHH30· B8JI DPOTHB TYPOK Co6ecCKHH). TaK YHH'ITOJKeHa 6b!JI8 aBTOHOMHR YI<P~H CKOH ~epKBH, H OH8 nepeWJia DOA BJIRCTb MOCKOBCKOH uepapxnH, a BMecTe C HeiO T8Kn<:e H BCJI TOI'· ARWHHJI

.IJ,YXOBHRJI

KYJibTYPHaJJ JKH3Hb YKpaHHhl. Ho ace 3TH yc.nyrH H aacnyru

nepe,~t

MOCKOB-

CKHMH np8BHTe1IJIMH, B KOH~e KOH~OB,

se CD8CJIH

CaMoiinoanqa oT net~an~:. uoro KOH~a. llo.narascb Ha MOCKOBCI<Oe DOKpOBH· TMbCTBO, 3TOT KOI'A8·TO •A06pb!H H KO BCeM JIIO-

156. MumpOTIOJtum

ARM paCDOJIOJKeHHbiH H 6narocKJIOHHwih l lono-

Hocu(j)

He.IIT06oeu"·Ty~eaJibCKuu

BH'I H8'18JI :>a6b!BRTLCSI. 0H CT8JI DpaBliTb BCeM CaMOBJI8CTHO, 6ea COBeTS CTapWHH, o6pa~8JI CR C HHMH CBhiCOKa, 38 ,I{OJIJKHOCTH 6p8JI B3RTI~H, O•IeHh 383H8JICR H, K8K DOA03peBaJIH -

3B,AYMb!B8JI nepe,~taTb IIOCJie ce6R 6ynaay Cb!HY

H c,~tenaTb reTMaHCTBO uacne,~tcTaeHHb!M B caoeM po.14e. Bee aTo aoopymnno npOTHS Hero CTapWHH, H OHH )f(,l{aJIH TOJihi<O CJIY'faJJ, 'IT06b! DOBCCTH opCTHB Hero HHTPHI'y, K8K H npoTHB ero npeAWeCTBeHHHKa.

onaronpHRTHhlH cnyqail conepme.HHO HeOJKH:JJ.S.HHo npe,~t-

CTRBHJICR. HecMOTpn Ha y6emAeHHJJ CaMoii:nosmm, MOCl<OBCKoe npasnTeJib· CTBO, B KOHU:e fi.OH~OB, 38KJIIO'IHJIO COI03 C IIO.iiM!.IeH DpOTHB

~HH. B

1686

Typ-

I'OJI.Y OHO aaKJilO'IHJio c Ilom.meii BC'IH&lii MHP (npu

aToM AOnnaTBno aa Kae:s e~e paa

146

TblCfl<~ py6neil) n .o6ell.ia.no

soesaTb c Kpb!MCKOH op,l(oH, 'IT06bl OTBJie'ib ee s TOT MOMCHT, KOrAa llon&ma c ABc1pnell H Bese~Heil OTKporoT aoeuHbie ,!\eikrBIU{

npon1s

Typ~HH. CaMOH,'IOBH'f AOBOJibHo ueoAo6pKTeJI»HO OT3&ls8JICR

o6 aTOM

nnaHe, TeM 6onee 'ITO npu aTOM OT lloJ1bl!Ilf He y.z:.anoc:!r no.'IY'IKTb

OTpet~eHHR O'l' ee npeTeH3HH Ha npaBblH 6eper ,[J;Henpa, KaK aToro xoTe.n CaMoiinom<~•I. Ho, B KOH~e KoHu,os, paa Aeno

6blno

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H3MeHHTb erO 6biJIO ifeJlb3.H, R HyJKHO 6hlJIO H,ll.TM B DOXO)J, Ha KpbiM

373

BMeCTe C MOCKOBCKHM BOHCKOM, C KOTOPblM men TOr,l(aWHHH pyKO·

so~HTem. MOCKOBCKoii nonHTHKH 6oHpHH Bac. ronHUbiH, mo6HMeu uapeBHbi Co<PbH -

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HMeHeM CBOHX MaJIOJleTHHX 6paTbeB -

uapeBH'IeH HsaHa H IleTJ)a.

3 u aH ycnoBHR CTenuoii BOHHbi , CaMoiinossq Aan o'leBb ,l(eJibHbie COBeTbi, KRK HR,li;O 6biJIO IIOBeCTH 3TOT IIOXO,I(: BblCTYllRTb paHHeH BeCHOH H C 60JihiiiHMH CHJIRMH . Ho COBeTbi 3TH He 6blJlH HCnOJIHeH!.l, IIOXO,I( 6biJI CHap,H meH ll03,1(BO, KOr,l(a yme BbiCOXJia TpaBa; TaTapbl Bbi »<rJIH CTeiib , H BOHCKRM npHIDJIOCb B03Bp8THTbC.II H838 A HH C 'ICM. 3TO O'leBb OIIe'laJIHJIO fomtUbiB8, T8K KaK rp03HJIO IIOW8THYTh ero nOJJOmeHHe; eMy H8AO 6biJIO H8HTH, Ha KOro 6bi CJJO»<HTb BHHY Hey,l(a'IH. H BOT CTapWHHa, coo6pa3HB BCe 3TO, H.a soaspaTHOM IIYTH aa noxo,l(a nO,ll;ana ronHUbiHY AOHoc ua CaMoiiJIOBH'!a, 06BHHHJI ero B TOM, 'ITO OH sapO'IHO DO,ll,CTpOWI BCe, 'IT06bl llOXO,I( He Y)(a.JICR, TaK KaK B006~e HeCO'lyBCTBeHHO OTHOCHJlC$! K MocKse, a a oco6euuocTH K ee c01oay c Ilonhmeii H soiiue c K pbi MOM. XOTH see 3TO 6biJIO COBepmeHH8H JIO»<b, uapeBHa C fOJIHUbi· HbiM, He DpHBHMR.II B paC'IeT aacnyr CTaporo reTMRHa, YXB8THJlHCb 38 3TOT ,D,OHOC, 'IJT06bl CBaJIHTb Ha Hero BBHy IIOXOA8. fOJIHUbiHY nopy'leHO 6biJJO OTCTRBHTb CaMOHJIOBH'Ia OT reTM8HCTBa, BBH.D.Y Hey)(OBOJibCTBHH npOTHB Hero CTapWHHbi, BbiCJI8Tb ero C CeMbelO B MOCKBY H H36paTb H8 ero MeCTO HOBOrO reTM8Ha. Ilocn e 3TOro CaMOHJlOBH'I 6biJl apeCTOBRH H BMeCTe CO CTapmHM CbiHOM BhlC· naH 6e3 cy,l\a a Cu6Hpb; HMYIUecTBO ero

6blno

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B soiicKOJlOH cKap6. Mna,I\WHH CbiH CaMOHJIOBH'Ia, 'lep-

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npo6osan conpo-

6biJI OT)l.8B DOA Cy,l(, npHrosopeB K CMep-

TH H 6ec'lenosequo Kaaueu B CescKe . CTapHK CaMOHJIOBH'I cnycTH .u.sa ro.u.a yMep a CCbiJIKe, a To6onhcKe. Mem)(y TeM npH nepBOM H3BecTHH o6 apecTe CaMOHJIOBH'Ia B K038UKOM BOHCKe H DO llOJIKRM Ha YKpanue HR'IJaJIHCb BOCCTRHH.II npoTHB cTapmHabi: B narepe no)( Ko,D,aKOM npHJiyKCKHe Koaal<H 6pOCHJIH CBOero DOJIKOBHHK8 H llOJIKOBOrO CY,I(blO B OrOHb H 38Cblll8JlH 3CMJieH; B fa,D,H'ICKOM DOJIKY y6HJIH BeCKOJlbKHX CT8pWHH; B ,D,pyrHX rpa6HJIH CTapWHHy, apeH)l.RTOpOB H ,ApyrHX JIIO)l.eH, •npHHTeJieH 6biBillero reTMaHa•. BBH.AY aToro cTaplliHHa npocnna CKOpeiiwero H36p&HHH reTMaBa, BMecTO BpeMeHHO DOCTRBJieHHOro, 4<H8· Kaauoro• reTMaHa BopKoBcKoro. ()l{esH,D,ao, ,D,eno c Ha6pauneM ynameuo aapaHee . -

HBIUIOM Maaenoii.

6blno 10

o6er.uan ronvu~biHY

TbiC$1'1 py6JieH 38 CBOe H36p8HHe, H DO)l. )l.8BJieHHeM BCeCHJibHOro TOr,Aa foJIHUbiH8 K8H,AH,A8Typa Maaenbl HC BCTpeTHJia H H KRKHX npenHTCTBHH. Ilepe.u. pa,D,OH npHHHThl 6biJJH CT8TbH -

374

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(1669)

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C HeKOTOpb!MH H3MeHeHI:UJMH; ynep>R~eHhl

6r,um pe-

38 CT8pWHHOH TIOMeCTbH, poa,naHHble eH u;apHMH H reTMaHaMH~

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BOn, perueHO 6b1JJO npHHHMaTb Mepbl K

p83BHTIUO CMelliaHHI:.lX 6pa-

KOB Me>R,ny YKP8HHCKHM H MOCKOBCKHM HaCeJieHHCM H nepeceJJeHHH H3 yKpaHHCKHX ropO,nOB B MOCKOBCKHe, HO B CT8TbH 3TH DOCJJe)tHHe peweHHS He ObiJJH BKJJIO'ieHbl. IIocJJe 3TOI'O roJJHUbiH peKO路 MeH,liOBaJI CTapWHHC H36paTb Maaeny, 'iTO CTapWHHa H HCDOJJHHJia

(25

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1693

1696

I'O,l\8X IleTpHK CHOB8 ,l\eJI8Jl DOllhiTKH DO,l\HHTb YK·

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H8npaCHO reTMaH BeJieJI CBOHM tKOMD8HH8M>t CTepe'ih

H He nycKaTh TYA8 JIIOAeii. IlpoJJ.onmanu pa3A8BaTbCH H3 Ce'iH yrp03hJ, 'iTO ce'ieBHKH noiiJJ.YT ua YKpaHHY 6HTb D8HOB H apeHAapeii, H Maaena npuauasancJI nepeA IJ,apeM, 'iTO •He TaK cTpawHhl aanopomiJ,bf, KaK IJ,eJlluH YKP81iHCKHH DOCllOJIHTblH Hapo.n•, sech npoHHKHYThiH CBOeBOJihHhiM AYXOM, He meJI810~HH 6hJTh noA reT· MaHCKOH BJI8CTbiO H emeMHHYniO I'OTOBblH nepeHTH K 3anopom1.1,8M. Kor,~:~a B

1702

rOJi.Y reTM8H xoTeJI ,l(BHHYTh nonKH npOTHB

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non.KOBH.HKH socnpo·

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1689

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1699 I'OJJ.Y DOCT8HOBHJIH

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94.

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386

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160. MaJena- c nopmpema. Bymoeu'l.aM

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1695 ro.zty,

n B npo,l:\OJimeaHe 'leTblpex

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387

~ap'b 11eTp npHCOeAHHHJICJI K BOHHe iiOJibWH CO WBe,l\3MH, '1To6bl

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1706-1707

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161 . KHJIJICecKuu zep6, npuzomosJ!eHHrx.u OJUI, Ma3enrx.

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388

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nyKcKHH fopJieHKO, KaK 6oJiee aaa'IHTeJibHble H 6onee HMeBmHe CMeJIOCTH B CHOWC· HIUIX c Maaeno10, rosopunu eMy: •OHH scex aa TJI ynoBaJOT, H He ,l:laH Bo>Ke

Te6e

CMepTH, OCTB.BeMCJI B TaKOH aesone, 'ITO Hac H Kyphl aa-

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162. BoucK06aJJ nnamb MaJenw

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:no 6hiJIO TB>Keno '~YBCTBOBaTb CB.MOMY Maaene,

a KPOMe TOI'O, B03HI'IKaJIR y Hero pa3JIH'lllble TpeBO>KHble onaceHUJI. Ao CHX nop OH ODI'Ipa.'ICa Ha MOCKOBCKYIO DOMO~b; HO B KOHu;e

1705

ro~a nono>KeHRe MocKBhl B mBeAcJ<oii soifHe aaqano CHJibHo

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XII,

aa 3TO speMB noJ<OH'IRJI c APYI'RMR yqacTHHKaMR

BOHHhl, KOpOJIJIMH AaTCKHM H DOJibCKHM. PaarpOMHB napTRIO KOpoJIJI AsrycTa B llonbme, oa AOOHJICJI aa6paau11 csoero cTaBJieHHHKa, a ABryCTa DpHHY~HJI OTpe'lbCJI OT DOJibCKOH KOpOBhl

(1706),

H TaK

lleTP OCTaJICJI OARH npOTHB 3TOI'O CTpamHOI'O npOTHBHI'IKR, npuo6pesmero cnasy aeno6e~I'IMOro BOHTenn:. Hy>KHO 6blJIO O>KR~aTb mse~oB R aa 'YKpaRHC, a aa MocKBY aa-

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npe~ynpeAHJI ero, 'IT06bl OH Be H~e"[JICJJ Ha ero DOMO~b; OH He

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CBORMR >Ke cunaMH Maaene He'!ero 6biJIO H JIYM8Tb o

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389

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B 6eCIIOKOHHOH rDJIOBe ~apR

B03HHKIU!H BCe HOBble H HOBble npoeKTbl, H cpe,nH HHX O'leHb "'18CTO noJJBJIJIJIHCh paaJIH'IHble KOM6HHa~"m, KacasmeecJJ 'YKpaHHbl. To '"' 38AYMblBaJI ynp83AHHTb K038~KOe BOHCKO H BBeCTH H8 'YKpaHHe

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161),

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Maaena IIOHHMaJI, 'ITO eCJII:l eMY AeHCTBHTeJibBO BCTpeTHTCJI KaKRJI· HB6yAb Bbll'OAH8JI KOM6HHRwtJI C 'YKpaHHOK, TO OH He IIO»<aJieeT HH re'IIM&HCKHX aacnyr, an ero ncnblTaHHOH aepHOCTH. HeJib3R 6blJIO IIOJI&raTbCJI Ha Hero, HY»<HO 6blJIO Ca.MOMY npOMblWJIJITb 0 ce6e.

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1688 ro.na Ilannii n

Apyrne noJIKOBHHKH oca»<A8.JIH Maaeny, 'IT06bi

oa npHHSIJI nx noA csoA •perHMeHT•, n Maaena PAA 6biJI 61>1 B3SITb IIOA CBOlO BJIRCTb npaao6epe»<HOO IIOAHenpOBbe, HO ~apb BOCIIpOTH· BHJICJI 3TOMY, T8K KRK H&XOAHJICR B COl03e C II011bCKHM KOPOJieM H He MOl' npHHRTb IIOA CBOlO npOTeKU.HlO 3eMeJib, KOTOpble IJOJibW8 C'IHT8.J18 CBOHMH. TeM BpeMeHeM H8.11. npaso6epe»<BblM K03a'leCTBOM aasncna 6onbmaR rpoaa: non&BbiH reTM8H CeeRBCKBH B

1703 I'OAY

npe,nnpHHRJI IIOXOA Ha lO»<Hble DOJIKH, H8 TeppHTOpHH Bpa~JI8BCKO· ro n IIOAOJibcKoro soeBOACTB; a,nec& Koaa'lecTso 6blJIO cna6ee, n CeHRBCKHH paarpoMHJI 3AeWHHX IIOJIKOBHHKOB 1:1 38JIHJI KpOBblO 3AeWaee BOCCTaHHe. Ha IJ8.JlH$1 HanaCTb OH He OCMeJIHJIC$1, T8K K8K DO· CJieAHHH 6blJI CHJibHee. Ho H IlanHK He 'IYBCTBOBaJI ce6R B 6eaonacHOCTHiiOCJie 3TOI'O H eiJ:~e ycepABee CTaJI npOCHTb Maaeny B3JITb ero IIOA CBOlO 38~HTy. 0AHaKO IJ,Rpb Be TOJibKO He XOTeJI COI'JI8CHTbCJI

390

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392

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394

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395

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396

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