Homebush Olympic Park Public Space, Sydney Australia Urban Development considering post- Olympic games use - George Hargreaves and Associates
Farah Douyon Weston Halkyard Arch 500.2 Generative Landscapes
Fall 2012
Contents Location/ Context History Developement of the Site and pre-existing conditions
Olympic Game Use and Post Use
Parklands and Major Structures
Nature/ Habitats
Master Concept Design
Urban Water Reuse
Landfill Remediation
Projecting into the Future
Conclusion
CONTEXT
PACIFIC OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN
PACIFIC OCEAN
INDIAN OCEAN TROPIC OF CAPRICORN
SYDNEY
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
CONTEXT
GREA
B TA LY
GIBSON DESERT SIMPSON DESERT
GREAT ARTESIAN BASIN
EF
MACDONNELL RANGES
RE
GE
N IDING RA
AN
CORAL SEA
R
YR
ND
LA
T DIV EA GR
LE
LE
RRIE
CAPE YORK PENINSULA
RK
RS
BA
BA
GREAT SANDY DESERT
HA ME
T
GULF OF CARPENIARIA
INDIAN OCEAN
GE
GREAT VICTORIA DESERT STRZELECKI DESERT
RA NG E
E
NG
GR EAT DIVI DI
PLAIN
FINDERS RAN G
RBOR
NULLA
SOUTHERN OCEAN TASMAN SEA
context
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
CONTEXT
1 SYDNEY OLYMPIC PARK 2 SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE 3 PARAMATTA RIVER 4 HARBOUR BRIDGE 5 HOMEBUSH BAY
3
5 1
4 2
CONTEXT
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
Designers Involved Hargraves associates - Landscape architects
Hargraves Associates along with New South Wales Governement Architect Design Directorate (GADD) - Created the new master concept design for the master domain
Rocla - Eco Pavers - designer
CLOUSTON associates - Prepared a conservation management Strategy for the Newington Armaments Depot, which was to become the Olympic Village. - Developed the pathway hierarchy and design language for parklands network - Prepared a strategic master plan framework to take Bicentennial Park into the 21st Century as a world class park - coordinate its management and strategy with Olympics and the future Sydney Olympic Park. - Significant projects post Olympics included - Bicentennial Park Fis way, additional shelters for the field studies center, and redevelopment of car park 5 including interpretive boardwalks and sculpture. - Working on Wilson Park.
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800 1810
1850
1900
1950
2012
- Before the arrival of the Europeans - Won clan, the Won Gal - Coming of colonists became home to pioneers - 1810 John Blaxland established a large estate Homebush
- Newington on the Parramatta river - D’arcy Wentwoth named estate home bush
John Blaxland Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800
1850
1882
1900
1950
1907
2012
- Over the next 5 decades colonial ventures progressed industrial development
- 1882 – government took over part of the estate - Early 1900s area transformed completely - 1907- Establishment of the state abattoir
Gunpowder and Armament storage
State Abattoir
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800
1850
1900
1911
1930 - 1940
1950
1911 - Development of state brickworks 19 30’s and 40’s - chemical factories produced pesticides oils paints pigments and resins
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000 1970 1988
- At its peak the state abattoir was major supplier of meat for domestic and overseas markets - Late 70’s export licenses relinquished - 1988 abattoirs closed - The second largest industry of brickworks peaked during the post ww2 building boom but like abattoirs by the late 1980s it to began to fade. - 1988 - Ceased operation
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
- As more land became degraded waterways and ground water became polluted - Main destroyer was uncontrolled landfill - Diverse environment became a blight on Sydney landscape
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800 1850 1900 1950
1950
1960
1980
1970
2000
1990 1983
1993
1995
- 1983 - Reconstruction of the 100 hectare (1 hectare = 10,000 sqare meters) eco wetland system - 1993 - Successful bid for 200 Olympic games fast tract the urban renewal (Sydney Olympic Park) - 1995 - Olympic Coordination Authority (OCA) oversee planning, urban development and management for the games - Challenge was to transform a degraded site and a problem area of Sydney to a major community asset - It is one of the largest urban developments ever undertaken in Australia
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
The Park - Construction of individual Olympic venues was finished 8 months ahead of schedule
- More than 5.5 million people visited the 200 Olympic and Paralympic games
- All 22 thousand athletes and officials housed in the athlete’s village
- Considered the green games
Sydney Olympic Stadium
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Athelete’s Village
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
The Park - 2001 Sydney Olympic park authority - Manage the public assets of the park and realize its potential to become a major commercial and residential area •Sydney Olympic Park becomes an active and vibrant town centre within metropolitan Sydney •Sydney Olympic Park becomes a premium destination for cultural, entertainment, recreation and sporting events •any new development carried out in accordance with the Act complies with best practice environmental and town planning standards •the natural heritage of the Parklands is protected and enhanced. - Today the park extends across 640 hectares which is 2 times the size of the business district of Sydney
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
The Park
The legacy and spirit live on offering an unprecedented image of an enhanced living environment bringing the best entertainment from around the world
And as a vibrant economic center where iconic buildings grand public spaces and natural environment coexist in harmony
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1950
1800 1850 1900 1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
- Challenge of constructing the buildings to address the specialized needs of an enormous event while ensuring success for long term use - Required extraordinary foresight inspired creativity and innovation - Designs needed to incorporate environmental aspects:
sound ecological management
Site History
green building design
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
energy and water management
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1800 1850 1900 1950
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Before - 8 million trees shrubs aquatic plants and ground covers were planted
- Pocket of woodland was reserved
After
- 1.4 million cubic meters of waste was removed from Heslems Creek
- New salt marches created
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
EXISTING HABITATS
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
FROG HABITATS THE GREEN AND GOLDEN BELL FROG POPULATION HAS BEEN DECILING AND THE SYDNEY OLYMPIC PARK DEVELOPERS HAVE INCORPORATED THE PRESERVATION OF THESE AMPHIBIANS. THEY HAVE BEEN ON THE VERGE OF BEING EXTINCT BECAUSE OF LOSS/ALTERATION TO THEIR HABITAT IMPORTANT BECAUSE OF IT’S ROLE IN THE ECOSYSTEM (FOOD WEBS) PRESERVATION EFFORTS HAVE LEAD TO NEW FROG SUB-POPULATIONS FOUND IN: BRICKPIT, NARAWANG WETLAND, KRONOS HILL AND WENTWORTH COMMON FROG PONDS HAVE BEEN CONSTRUCTED THROUGHOUT THE SITE AS ADDITONAL HABITATS
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
PARKLANDS 430 /640 hectares
3
2
1
6
1 PYRAMID 2 KRONOS HILL 3 BRICK PIT/RING WALK 4 LAKE BELVEDERE 5 BICENTENNIAL PARK 6 BADU MANGROVES
5 4
-provides habitats for threatened species -180 native bird species -7 frog species -400 native plant species - 35 kilometers of pedestrian/cycle paths
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
MAIN STRUCTURES
1 ANZ STADIUM 2 AQUATIC CENTER 3 SYDNEY SHOWGROUND
3
2
1
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
PARKLANDS 430 /640 hectares
7
6 4
2 3 1 HASLAMS CREEK/ NARAWANG WETLAND
5
2 NEWINGTON ARMORY 3 NEWINGTON NATURE RESERVE
1 1
8
4 WOO-LA-RA 5 ARCHERY PARK 6 BLAXLAND RIVERSIDE PARK 7 WILSON PARK 8 WENTWORTH COMMON
1
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
MASTER CONCEPT DESIGN FOR THE PUBLIC DOMAIN HARGREAVES ASSOCIATES & NEW SOUTH WALES GOVERNMENT ARCHITECT DESIGN DIRECTORATE (GADD)
Eco-Pavers (Rocla)
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
eco-tri hex shape created a perforacted field of paving.
Character and Atmosphere
pre pr existing conditions
harvest rainwater thorugh drainage holes
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
MASTER CONCEPT DESIGN FOR THE PUBLIC DOMAIN HARGREAVES ASSOCIATES & NEW SOUTH WALES GOVERNMENT ARCHITECT DESIGN DIRECTORATE (GADD)
GREEN ARMS REACH MAKE A CONNECTION INTO THE PARK LANDS AND THE OLYMPIC PLAZA
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
FIG GROVE -the water feature at the south marks the high central point of the Sydney Olympic Park -continues the Olympic Plaza eco-paving system to create continuity and connect it to the north end water feature. - the hight water feature is also surounded by fig trees that connect the area to its history.
LOW WATER FEATURE (NORTH)
HIGH WATER FEATURE (SOUTH)
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
MASTER CONCEPT DESIGN FOR THE PUBLIC DOMAIN HARGREAVES ASSOCIATES & NEW SOUTH WALES GOVERNMENT ARCHITECT DESIGN DIRECTORATE (GADD)
USE OF WATER TO ACTICATE GATHERING SPACE CONNECT HIGH POINT TO LOW POINT IN THE PROJECT
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project p / sustainability
Was it sucessful
URBAN WATER REUSE: INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT
STORMWATER
runoff from roofs, roads and parks go through treatment ponds to eliminate nutrients and pollutants.
Sewage from Olympic park facilities is treated at the water reclamation plant. (3.1 million litres/day)
SEWAGE
WATER RECLAMATION PLANT
BRICKPIT water storage reservoir that stores stormwater. Can hold 300 million liters of water.
WATER TREATMENT PLANT
Sewage from Olympic park facilities is treated at the water reclamation plant. (3.1 million litres/day)
Process: (7.5 million liters/day) 1. Micro-filtration to remove particles that are too large, parasites. viruses and bacteria 2.Reverse osmosis to reduce salinity, chlorine used to disinfect water
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
Remediation Bioremediation technique molecular breakdown (artificial metabolism) breaks down chemicals using micro organisms contaminant mounds
Uses a system of dilution run off and microorganisms to in effect drain pollutants into designated areas and then draws from those areas to a liquid treatment plant. Underground drains collect the toxic run off and remove it daily
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
URBAN WATER REUSE: INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT
GOOD FOR:
- flushing toilets -watering lawns, gardens and parks -washing clothes -washing cars, brickwork, windows -filling ornamental ponds and fountains -irrigation -construction and industry -firefighting
LP
BAD FOR:
LP
-drinking -cooking -personal washing -household cleaning -swimming pools -recreation
+hp LP
+hp
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Stormwater runoff drains to the Parramatta River through Haslams Creek, Powells Creek, Boundary Creek and the wetlands.
+hp
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
Site Contamination Factors
Areas along Haslems creek: - Heavy metals, lead, hydrocarbons, asbestos, pesticides and putrescible wastes
The groundwater near Haslams Creek: - Cholorobenzenes, chloromethane and chloroethylenses leached out of the dumped material in the ground
The surface seep water: - Chlorobenzene, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, ammonium, fluoride, barium, copper, zinc and other materials
Brickworks site: - Heavy metals waste oil products, asbestos and organochlorine pesticides
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
1950
1800 1850 1900 1950
1960
1980
1970
1990
2000
- 9 million cubic meters of household commercial and industrial waste completely covered - Extensive soil sampling was undertaken to confirm the areas safety - Contaminants underwent specialized treatment procedure
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmousphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
Remediation The initial aims of the remediation landfill at Homebush Bay were to block the spread of contamination restore the waterways and provide for the long term social cultural and sporting requirements Consolidated into a number of mounds on the site
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
THE MARKERS 1
2
3
4
5
THE MARKERS ARE A SERIES OF CONICAL SHAPED MOUNDS LOCATED IN MANY DIFFERENT LOCATIONS ON SITE. THEY RANGE FROM 10 TO 20 M HIGH AND ARE MADE OF CONTAMINATED MATERIALS FROM LANDFILLS.
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
1 HASLAMS MARKER
2 RIVER MARKER
3 SILVERWATER MARKER
4 BICENTENNIAL MARKER
5 BAY MARKER
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
THE MARKERS
5
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
PROJECTING INTO THE FUTURE
Master Plan 2002 : Realizing Vision After the Games -Develop in close proximity to the train station -increase use of land use by adding commercial, leisure, education, retail, hotel and cultural development -Provide 10,000 jobs and have 3,000 residents populate daily
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Master Plan 2025: Vision After the Games - 2002 version= short term 2005 version = long term plan for an urban structure -Sustainable solution to Sydney’s population pressures
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
PROJECTING INTO THE FUTURE Master Plan 2030: A Vision for the Future - concentration of commercial and retail uses close to Sydney Olympic Park Station - More residential development - concentration of educational facilities/ uses along sporting and entertainment venues - Overall capacity: 1.45 million m2 gross floor area -31,000 workers, 15,000 visitors, 14,000 residents and 5,000 students
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
PROJECTING INTO THE FUTURE
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
pre existing conditions
Built project / sustainability
Was it sucessful
Conclusion
Rowan Moore
Architecture critic
- Thinks that there are definitely cheaper ways of regenerating areas with issues - Olympic hosts qualifiers are really excite with the thought of their country in the spotlight - Willing to justify the games with a sustainable regenerative system of urban design. - Hope, power, money and sex - Previous games did a better job with regeneration and good model for redevelopment but - The big question is whether we get the usual house builders moving in and doing their usual product and essentially creating private enclaves.� The mounds of toxic waste are not lined underneath as is expected in modern hazardous landfill dumps
Site History
Design Strategy and Phasing
Landscape
Character and Atmosphere
Pre existing Conditions
Built project / Sustainability
Was it sucessful