Test Bank For Database Concepts, 10th edition. Chapter 1-7 With Extension (a b c).ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0137 by welldoneassistant

Test Bank For Database Concepts, 10th edition David M. Kroenke, David J. Auer, Scott L. Vandenberg, Robert C. Yoder Chapter 1-7 With Extension (a b c) Chapter 1 Getting Started 1) To be as efficient as possible, data analysis should be done on the production database. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 26 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Introduce data warehouses and business intelligence (BI) systems. Classification: Concept 2) Although users use database systems, they are not considered part of a database system. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 3) A database is a set of one or more computer programs that serve as an intermediary between the users and the database management system (DBMS). Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 4) A relational database can be defined as a self-describing collection of related tables. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the elements of a database. Classification: Concept 5) A database is self-describing because the user maintains a record of the database structure outside the database itself. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the elements of a database. Classification: Concept 6) Metadata is the user data stored in the database. 1 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the elements of a database. Classification: Concept 7) Currently, organizations use their own hardware. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 8) The DBMS is used to create the database itself. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 9) Referential integrity constraints must be enforced by the application program. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 10) Application programs are responsible for creating, maintaining, and supporting database backup and recovery systems. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 11) A relational database stores data in the form of lists. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 12) Usually, a database table containing both rows and columns is designed to store data for exactly two themes. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology 2 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 13) MySQL Community Server 8.0 edition is a widely used standard, full-strength edition of MySQL, which can be downloaded for free and which may be used in production environments. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the difference between personal and enterprise-class database systems. Classification: Concept 14) SQL stands for Structural Question Language. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 15) Relational database tables are commonly combined, queried, and processed using Structured Query Language (SQL). Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 16) The DBMS receives data update requests from the application program. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 17) In the general division of labor between database applications and the DBMS, the processing of forms is considered a DBMS task. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 18) Database applications that hide the underlying database technology are useful only for personal database applications. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the difference between personal and enterprise-class database systems. Classification: Concept 3 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

19) In the general division of labor between database applications and the DBMS, the application program formats the results of a query into a report. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 20) Personal DBMS products, such as Microsoft Access, create a clear distinction between the DBMS and the database application. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 21) There is no reason for serious database developers to learn many aspects of database processing technology because DBMS products like Microsoft Access hide these aspects. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 24 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 22) Microsoft Access is a personal database that combines a DBMS with an application generator. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 43 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 23) The Microsoft Access application generator provides the ability to create and store forms, reports, and queries. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 43 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 24) Microsoft Access databases are stored using the file extension .accdb. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 4 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

25) Microsoft Access uses the Access 2003 .mdb file format as the default file format for database files. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 26) Microsoft Access uses the AutoNumber data type to create surrogate keys. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 56 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 27) Web 2.0 Web sites were popular due to their static, unchanging content. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of databases in Internet Web applications and mobile apps. Classification: Concept 28) Theoretically, databases could store instances in columns and characteristics in rows, instead of the other way around. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 12 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the nature and characteristics of databases. Classification: Concept 29) A possible problem with keeping data in lists is that if you delete a row of data from a list, you may also delete some data items that you want to keep. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the potential problems with lists. Classification: Concept 30) An advantage of keeping data in lists is that if you update a data value in one row of data in a list, other occurrences of the same data item in other rows will be automatically updated as well. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the potential problems with lists. Classification: Concept 5 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

31) An advantage of keeping data in lists is that if you add a row of data to the list, you will never have null values occurring for any data item in the row. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the potential problems with lists. Classification: Concept 32) One problem with storing duplicated data is the potential for inconsistent values. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the potential problems with lists. Classification: Concept 33) The purpose of a database is to help people keep track of things. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the reasons for using a database. Classification: Concept 34) Regarding Big Data, what does the term NoSQL really mean? A) No SQL used B) NortonOS Query Language C) Notational Query Language D) Nonrelational Database Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 27 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Introduce Big Data and cloud computing. Classification: Concept 35) What role does the Web browser play in a Web database application? A) Hardware support B) Microchip accelerator C) Web user interface D) Back-end Database Management System Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Introduce Web database applications. Classification: Concept

36) Which of the following is not a basic component of a database system? A) Database B) User C) ERD D) DBMS Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 37) A relational database is ________. A) a self-describing collection of related tables B) a collection of forms and reports that support a given purpose C) a library of queries and data files for querying D) a set of applications and the data sets for those applications Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 38) The component of a database that makes it self-describing is the ________. A) related tables B) applications C) metadata D) data set Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 39) Which of the following would not be an example of database metadata? A) Queries against records in the database tables B) Properties of tables in a database C) Names of columns in a database and their associated tables D) Properties of columns Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept

40) The creation of a database and its tables is a function of which component of the database system? A) Users B) Application C) DBMS D) Database Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 41) Which of the following is a function of the DBMS in a database system? A) Create and transmit queries B) Control applications C) Create and process forms D) Perform backup and recovery Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 42) Microsoft SQL Server is an example of a ________. A) database B) database management system C) data manipulation system D) table Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 43) Microsoft Access is a personal database system. A personal database system is characterized by ________. A) the DBMS removing the metadata from the database B) the DBMS product taking the role of the DBMS and the database application generator C) the database being stored inside the DBMS D) the DBMS product being limited to a maximum of ten tables in any given database Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 43 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept

44) The Microsoft Access application generator is not responsible for ________. A) creating forms B) creating reports C) creating queries D) creating tables Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 43 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 45) Today almost every commercial database is based on ________. A) lists B) the hierarchical model C) the linked-list model D) the relational model Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 46) A relational database stores data in the form of ________. A) lists B) forms C) columns D) tables Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 47) SQL stands for ________. A) Standard Query Language B) Structural Question Language C) Structured Query Language D) Standard Question Language Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept

48) The statement SELECT STUDENT.StudentNumber, STUDENT.StudentName, FROM STUDENT WHERE STUDENT.StudentNumber = S12345678; is an example of ________. A) QBE B) SQL C) QLE D) C++ Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 49) Which of the following is a function of the database application in a database system? A) Process user queries B) Update database data C) Maintain database structures D) Create tables Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 50) Which of the following is not a function of the database application in a database system? A) Execute application logic B) Control concurrency C) Create and process forms D) Process user queries Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept

51) Microsoft Access database files are stored using the file extension ________. A) .adb B) .asp C) .accdb D) .mdb Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 52) The default file format for Microsoft Access database files is the ________. A) Access 2007 format B) Access 2003 format C) Access XP format D) SQL Server format Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 53) The Microsoft Access data type of AutoNumber is used when there is a specific need for a ________. A) foreign key B) changeable key C) surrogate key D) randomized key Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 56 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 54) Which of the following problems associated with storing data in a list is avoided by storing data in a relational database? A) CPU processing inefficiencies B) Lack of necessary bandwidth C) Running out of memory storage D) Duplication of data items Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the potential problems with lists. Classification: Concept

55) A database may be used to help people with all of the following except ________. A) track which student is assigned to a particular adviser B) debug existing program code C) check on the estimated arrival time of an incoming flight at an airport D) look up their checking account balance over the Internet Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the reasons for using a database. Classification: Concept 56) What is the name of Microsoft's cloud services? Answer: Azure Diff: 2 Page Ref: 28 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Introduce Big Data and cloud computing. Classification: Concept 57) In relational databases, query requests use a language called ________. Answer: Structured Query Language, (SQL) Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 58) Data that the database keeps about its own structure is called ________. Answer: metadata Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the elements of a database. Classification: Concept 59) The purpose of the ________ in a database system is to receive requests from applications and to translate those requests into reads and writes on the database files. Answer: DBMS Diff: 3 Page Ref: 18 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 60) ________ constraints are rules that the DBMS enforces to ensure that data values in one table have corresponding values in another related table. Answer: Referential integrity Diff: 2 Page Ref: 19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 12 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

61) The DBMS controls ________ by ensuring that one user's work does not inappropriately interfere with another user's work. Answer: concurrency Diff: 2 Page Ref: 19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 62) Microsoft Access is a(n) ________, which combines a DBMS and an application generator. Answer: personal database Diff: 2 Page Ref: 22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 63) The Microsoft Access application generator adds the ability to create and store ________, ________, and ________. Answer: forms; reports; queries Diff: 3 Page Ref: 43 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 64) Microsoft Access database files are stored using the ________ file extension. Answer: .accdb Diff: 2 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 65) By default, Microsoft Access saves data files in the ________ file format. Answer: Access 2007 Diff: 2 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 66) Microsoft Access generates surrogate key values when the ________ data type is used. Answer: AutoNumber Diff: 2 Page Ref: 56 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept

67) A relational database stores data in the form of ________. Answer: tables Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 68) It is almost always best to design a table in a database so that it contains data on ________ theme. Answer: one, 1 Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how using related tables helps you avoid the problems of using lists. Classification: Concept 69) A(n) ________ is a set of one or more computer programs that serve as an intermediary between the user and the DBMS. Answer: database application Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 70) In a database system, the ________ creates and processes forms. Answer: database application Diff: 3 Page Ref: 20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the functions of a database application. Classification: Concept 71) The purpose of a database is to help people ________. Answer: keep track of things Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the reasons for using a database. Classification: Concept 72) What is a surrogate key and how does Microsoft Access create surrogate keys? Answer: A surrogate key is usually a computer-generated unique number that serves as the identifier of each row in a table. Microsoft Access generates surrogate keys by using the Access AutoNumber data type. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 56 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the elements of a database. Classification: Concept

73) Briefly describe the four components of a database system. Answer: The components of a database system are: (1) the users, (2) the application programs, (3) the DBMS, and (4) the database. The users are the people that will employ the system to input data, modify existing data, and delete data in order to perform their jobs. The application programs are computer programs that act as intermediaries between the users and the DBMS. The application programs produce forms, reports, and queries; they also translate user actions into data management requests for the DBMS. The DBMS manipulates the database. It receives data management requests from the computer applications and translates them into read and write commands for the database. The database contains the actual user data that the users need to perform their jobs. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 74) What components are included in a database? Answer: The database contains user data, metadata, indexes and other overhead data, and application metadata. User data is the data from the users' environment that they want to track. Metadata is data about the structure of the database. Indexes and other overhead data are structures that the database uses to improve performance. Finally, the application metadata is data about forms, reports, and other application components that some databases, particularly those created with desktop DBMS products, store with the database. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept 75) What is "metadata," and how does it relate to the definition of a database? Answer: Metadata is data about the structure of the database itself. This includes data about the names of all the tables in the database, the names of all the columns in each of the tables, the data type of each column in each table, the properties of the tables and the columns, etc. Metadata accounts for the "self-describing" aspect of the definition of a database as a "self-describing collection of integrated tables." Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the components of a database system. Classification: Concept

76) Briefly describe the function of the DBMS in a database system. Answer: The DBMS creates the database and the tables and structures within it. The DBMS also reads and updates the database data. It receives requests from application programs to perform data maintenance tasks. These requests are translated into actions that are performed on the database. In addition to maintaining the user data within the database, the DBMS also maintains the database structures. The DBMS also enforces any rules that have been defined to govern the values of the data, such as data type requirements and referential integrity constraints. The DBMS controls concurrency issues, which deal with the unwanted interruption of one user's work by another user's work. As the only point of entry into the database, the DBMS also provides security for the database to restrict users' access to only the data that they have authority to read or modify. Finally, the DBMS is responsible for the creation of backup copies of the database data and for restoring the database in case a recovery is required. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 77) What are "referential integrity constraints"? Give an example. Answer: A referential integrity constraint is a rule that restricts certain actions on the database data. A referential integrity constraint is used to ensure that the values in a field in one table have matching values in a corresponding field in another table. These constraints are enforced by the DBMS, which will not allow changes to the values of the database that would result in violations of this rule. For example, a database has an EMPLOYEE table and a VEHICLE table that are used to store data on employees and the vehicles that they are assigned to drive. The EMPLOYEE table has a column called EmployeeID that is used to distinguish one employee record from another. The VEHICLE table also has an EmployeeID column that is used to associate a vehicle with the appropriate employee. A referential integrity constraint could be used to prevent a vehicle from being assigned to an employee with an EmployeeID that does not appear in the EMPLOYEE table by requiring that all values in EmployeeID in the VEHICLE table have a matching value in EmployeeID in the EMPLOYEE table. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept

78) Briefly describe the function of an application program in a database system. Answer: The application program is responsible for creating and processing forms. The application displays the form to the user, allows the user to complete the data entry, evaluates the form to determine which data management tasks need to be performed, and transmits the appropriate requests to the DBMS. The application creates and transmits queries. The queries are requests for data that are created in a language like SQL, and transmitted to the DBMS to have the requested data returned to the application program. The application also creates and processes reports. The query to retrieve the necessary data for the report is sent to the DBMS. When the DBMS returns the needed data, the application manipulates it as necessary to create the requested report. The application program also applies application logic to control the manipulation of data in accordance with the business rules. Finally, the application program is responsible for providing control. Control must be exercised to allow the users to make choices for functions and tasks as appropriate for their jobs. Also, control must be exercised to manage the activities of the DBMS. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 20-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 79) What are the advantages and disadvantages of personal DBMS products hiding the complexity of database systems? Answer: The advantage of hiding the complexity of database systems is that it makes database systems easier for novices to create. Using the graphical tools and wizards of a desktop DBMS product, databases and application programs can be created without developing much database expertise. The disadvantage of hiding the complexity is that the developer does not understand what the desktop DBMS product is doing on the developer's behalf. This limits the developer's ability to create systems with functions not anticipated by the DBMS design team. Further, the developer is limited in their ability to develop systems on a larger scale. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 23-25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 80) Microsoft Access is considered a "personal database" product. What is a personal database? Answer: A personal database combines a DBMS with an application generator. The DBMS performs the functions expected of a DBMS such as database creation, processing, and administration. The application generator adds the ability to create and store forms, reports and queries, as well as some other application-related functions. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 22-24 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept

81) What Microsoft Access file format is used by default in Microsoft Access? Answer: By default, Microsoft Access supports Access 2007 files formats. Microsoft Access 2007 database files are stored using the .accdb file extension. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the purpose of a database management system (DBMS). Classification: Concept 82) What problems with storing data on two themes in a list are addressed by database technology? Answer: First, data updates are simplified because the number of updates is reduced when data appears in more than one location in the list. Second, the possibility of incorrectly entering duplicate data is reduced. Third, the problem of inconsistently entering data values is removed. Finally, the ability to enter data on one theme in the list without having data for the other theme is enhanced. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the potential problems with lists. Classification: Concept 83) Which of the following is not an indicator that you are using cloud computing? A) Access 2007 format B) if the servers are off site C) they are at someone else's data center D) SQL Server format Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 84) Which type of network links computers over larger geographic areas such as cities or countries, as well as the Internet itself? A) WAN B) LAN C) PAN D) BAN Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept

85) The actual computer hardware, now called the host machine, runs a special program known as a virtual machine manager or ________. A) hypervisor B) hypercomputer C) hyperhost D) hyperserver Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 33 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 86) The simplest way to lease cloud services is ________. A) software as a service (SaaS) B) platform as a service (PaaS) C) infrastructure as a service (IaaS) D) database as a service (DBaaS) Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 87) Which of the following is not an advantage of cloud computing? A) Security (potential) B) Scalability C) Elasticity D) Easier maintenance Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 43 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 88) Amazon's cloud computing platform is called Amazon Web ________. Answer: Services Diff: 1 Page Ref: 29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept

89) ________ is using hardware and software to simulate another hardware resource. Answer: Virtualization Diff: 1 Page Ref: 31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 90) In a ________ cloud, cloud technology is provided locally by the organization itself to its users. Answer: private Diff: 1 Page Ref: 36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 91) If an organization uses both private and public clouds, they are said to be using a ________ cloud. Answer: hybrid Diff: 1 Page Ref: 37 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 92) Streaming services often use a solution called ________ to help place their data geographically close to where it is needed to alleviate network traffic. Answer: Content Delivery Network (CDN) Diff: 1 Page Ref: 38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 93) In what ways can moving to a cloud computing platform lower the business costs for an organization? Answer: This can result in lower business costs for the organization because it does not incur the costs of buying, housing, and maintaining computer hardware and the software that runs on the hardware. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 28 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept

94) Explain the two basic ways to implement hypervisors. Answer: There are two basic ways to implement hypervisors. The first is the "bare metal," or type 1 hypervisor shown in Figure 1-35(a). These are loaded into memory, or "booted," before any other programs. Thus, the hypervisor has direct control over the hardware and provides the illusion to virtual machines that they are running on the physical hardware. Type 1 hypervisors are typically used in large data centers. Type 2, or "hosted," hypervisors, as shown in Figure 1-35(b), are typically used by students or other computer users to run multiple operating systems as regular applications on their desktop or laptop computer. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 33 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 95) Until the late 1980s, most computing was done in a mainframe setting. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 96) Virtual machines are aware that they are sharing a physical computer with other virtual machines. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 33 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept 97) Virtualization always occurs in the cloud. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the basics of cloud computing and cloud-based databases. Classification: Concept

Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Chapter 2 The Relational Model 1) A key must be unique. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 89 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 2) Ensuring that every value of a foreign key matches a value of the corresponding primary key is an example of a referential integrity constraint. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 97 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 3) A double-arrow notation, A→ → B, is used to indicate a multivalued dependency. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 114 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 4) The requirement that no two rows be identical implies that a primary key can be defined for the relation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 100 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for a primary key in a relation. Classification: Concept 5) While the relational model for databases appears to hold much promise, few commercial databases have implemented it. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the conceptual foundation of the relational model. Classification: Concept 6) Every cell in a relation should hold only a single value. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. 22 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Classification: Concept 7) In the relational model, each row of a table contains data that represents an attribute of the entity. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 8) To be considered a composite key, a key must contain at least two attributes. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 9) Candidate keys may or may not be unique. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 10) The primary key is used both to identify unique rows in a relation and to represent rows in relationships. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 11) Null values can cause problems because they are ambiguous. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 99 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the problem of null values. Classification: Concept 12) If the condition exists such that knowing the value of attribute X determines the value of attribute Y, then attribute Y is functionally dependent on attribute X. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 102 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand functional dependencies and learn to identify them. Classification: Concept

13) Given the functional dependency for the attributes of ENTITY1, X → (A, B, C), X is a candidate key for the relation ENTITY1 (A, B, C, X). Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 100 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 14) Surrogate key values have no meaning to the users. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 15) Since surrogate keys are used to uniquely identify rows, their values are normally displayed prominently on all forms and reports for the users to see. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 16) The purpose of domain integrity, entity integrity, and referential integrity constraints, taken as a whole, is to create database integrity. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 100 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for a primary key in a relation. Classification: Concept 17) Normalization is the process of removing all functional dependencies from a relation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 104 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 18) To create a well-formed relation through normalization, every determinant must be a candidate key. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept

19) Any table that meets the definition of a relation is said to be in second normal form. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 20) The first step of the normalization process is to identify all the candidate keys of a relation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 21) In the normalization process, it is not necessary to identify all the functional dependencies in a relation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 22) In the normalization process, it is necessary to identify all the determinants in a relation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 23) In the normalization process, if you find a candidate key that is not a primary key, then you have determined that the relation needs to be broken into two or more other relations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 24) In the normalization process, if you find that every determinant in a relation is a candidate key, then you have determined that the relation is well formed. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept

25) The relational model was founded on the theory of relational algebra. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the conceptual foundation of the relational model. Classification: Concept 26) In Microsoft Access, relationships between tables are created in the Relationships window. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 98 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 27) An entity is defined as something of importance to the user that needs to be represented in the database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 28) In Microsoft Access, a relationship is created by dragging a foreign key column and dropping it on top of the corresponding primary key. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 29) To represent a relationship in the relational model, the primary key of one relation is placed into a second relation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 30) When used to represent a relationship, the primary key must have the same name as the corresponding foreign key. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 141 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept

31) The term domain means a grouping of data that meets multiple types of definitions. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 32) A multivalued dependency occurs when a determinant is matched with a particular set of values. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 33) Which of the following terms is synonymous with "tuple"? A) Attribute B) Table C) Field D) Row Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 88 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 34) Which of the following is not true about null values? A) A null value can mean that the value is unknown. B) A null value is ambiguous. C) A null value can mean that the value is known to be blank. D) Null values cannot be avoided. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 99-100 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the problem of null values. Classification: Concept 35) Which of the following terms is synonymous with "relation"? A) Attribute B) Table C) Record D) Row Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 27 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

36) Which of the following is true about a key? A) It must be unique. B) It may be nonunique. C) It must be nonunique. D) It can only identify one row. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 89 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 37) A key that contains more than one attribute is called a(n) ________. A) composite key B) complex key C) multi-key D) n-key Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 38) A primary key is ________. A) not required to be unique B) used to represent columns in relationships C) a candidate key D) always automatically generated by the DBMS Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 39) A candidate key is ________. A) never a primary key B) a combination of two or more attributes C) is always automatically generated by the DBMS D) a candidate to be the primary key Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept

40) Given the below functional dependency, MedicineCode → (MedicineName, ShelfLife, Manufacturer, Dosage) which of the following statements is not known to be true? A) MedicineCode is a determinant. B) MedicineName is a determinant. C) Manufacturer is functionally dependent on MedicineCode. D) ShelfLife is functionally dependent on MedicineCode. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 101 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand functional dependencies and learn to identify them. Classification: Concept 41) What is not true about multivalued dependencies? A) Double arrows are used when diagramming. B) A determinant is matched with a particular set of values. C) When modification problems are due to functional dependencies and we then normalize relations to BCNF, we eliminate multivalued dependencies as well. D) When multivalued dependencies have been isolated, the table is said to be in fourth normal form (4NF) . Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113-114 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 42) Which of the following is not true of surrogate keys? A) They are meaningful to the users. B) They are numeric. C) They are usually generated by the DBMS. D) They are unique. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 94-95 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept

43) What is not true about composite keys? A) They can have two or more attributes. B) They can be unique. C) They can be nonunique. D) They must be unique. Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 44) Which of the following functional dependency diagrams accurately represent the following situation: • A campus has many buildings. • Each building has a unique name. • Each building has many rooms. • All rooms in any given building are numbered sequentially starting at "101." • Each room has a certain capacity, although many rooms in the same building or different buildings may have the same capacity. • Each room is assigned to a single department. • A department may have many rooms in one or more buildings, each with the same or different capacities. A) BuildingName → (RoomNumber, Capacity, Department) B) RoomNumber → (BuildingName, Department, Capacity) C) (Department, Capacity) → (BuildingName, RoomNumber) D) (BuildingName, RoomNumber) → (Capacity, Department) Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 101-102 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand functional dependencies and learn to identify them. Classification: Concept 45) One important relational design principle is that ________. A) every determinant must be a candidate key B) every candidate key must not be a determinant C) every primary key must be a surrogate key D) every determinant must be functionally dependent on the primary key Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept

46) During the normalization process, the remedy for a relation that is not well formed is to ________. A) create a surrogate key B) create a functional dependency C) break it into two or more relations that are well formed D) combine it with another relation that is well formed Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 47) A table that meets the requirements of a relation is said to be in which normal form? A) Relational normal form (RNF) B) First normal form C) Second normal form D) Boyce-Codd normal form Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 116 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 48) The first step of the normalization process is to ________. A) identify all the candidate keys of a relation B) identify all the foreign keys of a relation C) identify all the functional dependencies of a relation D) identify all the determinants of a relation Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 108 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 49) In the normalization process, it is not necessary to ________. A) identify all the candidate keys of a relation B) identify all the foreign keys of a relation C) identify all the functional dependencies of a relation D) identify all the determinants of a relation Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 107-108 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept

50) In the normalization process, if you find a candidate key that is not a primary key then you should ________. A) place the columns of the functional dependency in a new relation B) make the determinant of the functional dependency the primary key of the new relation C) leave a copy of the determinant as a foreign key in the original relation D) None of the above Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 107-108 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 51) In the normalization process, if you find a candidate key that is not a determinant then you should not ________. A) place the columns of the functional dependency in a new relation B) make the determinant of the functional dependency the primary key of the new relation C) leave a copy of the determinant as a foreign key in the original relation D) rename the determinant to another attribute description Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 107-108 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 52) In the normalization process, if you find that every determinant in a relation is a candidate key then you have determined that ________. A) the relation is well formed B) the relation needs to be broken into two or more new relations C) surrogate keys in the relation may not be correctly linked to other relations D) the relation needs to have foreign keys added in order to be correctly linked to other relations Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 107-108 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 53) When the primary key of one relation is placed into a second relation, it is called a ________. A) field key B) referential integrity C) foreign key D) candidate key Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 32 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

54) Given the relations: STUDENT (SID, StudentName, Major, AdvisorID) ADVISOR (AdvisorID, AdvisorName, Office, Phone) such that each student is assigned to one advisor, which of the following is true? A) SID is both a primary key and a foreign key. B) AdvisorName is a determinant. C) AdvisorID is a foreign key. D) Phone is a candidate key. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 55) A rule that requires that the values in a foreign key must have a matching value in the primary key to which the foreign key corresponds is called ________. A) normalization B) a referential integrity constraint C) a key matching constraint D) a functional dependency Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 97 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 56) In Microsoft Access, relationships between tables are created ________. A) by the Relationships button on the Create command tab B) by the Relationships button on the Home command tab C) in the Relationships window D) in the Table window of the table containing the primary key Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 127 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept

57) In Microsoft Access, a relationship between two tables is created ________. A) by entering the name of the foreign key in the appropriate table in Design View B) by entering the name of the primary key in the appropriate table in Design View C) by dragging the primary key column of one table onto the foreign key column of the other table in the Relationships window D) by dragging the foreign key column of one table onto the primary key column of the other table in the Relationships window Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 127-128 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 58) In Microsoft Access, referential integrity constraints are created ________. A) by setting a property value on the primary key in the table which contains it B) by checking the Enforce Referential Integrity check box in the Edit Relationships dialog box C) by setting a property value on the primary key in the Relationships window D) by setting a property value on the foreign key in the Relationships window Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 98 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 59) In Microsoft Access, the relationship between two tables is not actually created until ________. A) the OK button in the Create Relationships dialog box is clicked B) the Create button in the Create Relationships dialog box is clicked C) the OK button in the Edit Relationships dialog box is clicked D) the Create button in the Edit Relationships dialog box is clicked Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 60) Which of the following is not true about a relation? A) A relation is a two-dimensional table. B) The cells of a relation must hold a single value. C) A relation may have duplicate column names. D) A relation may not have duplicate rows. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 34 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

61) Which of the following is true about a relation? A) The order of the columns in a relation must go from largest to smallest. B) All entries in any column must be of the same kind. C) A relation may have duplicate column names. D) A relation may have duplicate rows. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 62) ________ was the developer of the relational model for databases. Answer: E. F. Codd Diff: 1 Page Ref: 85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the conceptual foundation of the relational model. Classification: Concept 63) The formula CookieCost = NumberOfBoxes * $5, demonstrates that CookieCost is functionally ________ on NumberofBoxes. Answer: dependent Diff: 1 Page Ref: 101 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand functional dependencies and learn to identify them. Classification: Concept 64) A(n) ________ is one or more columns of a relation that is used to identify a row. Answer: key Diff: 1 Page Ref: 89 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 65) A key that contains two or more attributes is called a(n) ________ key. Answer: composite Diff: 1 Page Ref: 90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 66) The unique keys that are not chosen to be the primary key are called ________ keys. Answer: alternate Diff: 2 Page Ref: 91 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 35 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

67) The relationship between two attributes that denotes that if the value of the first attribute is known, then the value of the second attribute can be determined, is called a(n) ________. Answer: functional dependency Diff: 2 Page Ref: 101 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand functional dependencies and learn to identify them. Classification: Concept 68) The key that has been designated the ________ key of a relation functionally determines all the other attributes in the relation. Answer: primary Diff: 2 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 69) A(n) ________ is a unique numeric value that is appended to the relation to serve as the primary key. Answer: surrogate key Diff: 2 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 70) To be a well-formed relation, every ________ in the relation must be a candidate key. Answer: determinant Diff: 2 Page Ref: 136 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 71) Any table that meets the requirements of a(n) ________ is in first normal form. Answer: relation Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 72) When the primary key of one relation is placed in a second relation to represent a relationship, the attribute in the second relation is called a(n) ________ key. Answer: foreign Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept

73) A rule that requires every value in a foreign key to match values in the corresponding primary key is called a(n) ________ constraint. Answer: referential integrity Diff: 3 Page Ref: 97 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 74) In Microsoft Access, relationships between tables are built in the ________. Answer: Relationships window Diff: 2 Page Ref: 127 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 75) In Microsoft Access, the Relationships window is accessed by using the ________ button on the Database tools command tab. Answer: Relationships Diff: 2 Page Ref: 127 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 76) To create a relationship in Microsoft Access, we drag and drop the ________ of a table. Answer: primary key Diff: 2 Page Ref: 128 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 77) In Microsoft Access, referential integrity constraints are created in the ________. Answer: Edit Relationships dialog box Diff: 3 Page Ref: 127 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 78) Explain the terms relation, tuple, and attribute. Answer: The terms relation, tuple, and attribute are used primarily by database theoreticians. These terms are synonymous with the terms table, row, and column, respectively, about a relational database. They are also equivalent to the terms file, record, and field, which tend to be used by many traditional data processing professionals. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 88 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept 37 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

79) Explain the possible interpretations of a null value. Answer: The problem with allowing null values in a table is that the null value is open to three different interpretations. First, a null value in a field may mean that no value is appropriate for the field for the given record. Second, a null value may mean that the value of that field is known to be blank for the given record. Third, a null value may mean that the value of that field is not known for the given record. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 99-100 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the problem of null values. Classification: Concept 80) Distinguish between the primary key and a candidate key. Answer: Both the primary key and a candidate key can uniquely identify the rows in a table. The primary key is the candidate key that is chosen by the database designer, working with the users, to uniquely identify rows and to represent relationships. Although any candidate key could, by definition, be selected to act as the primary key, the choice of primary key is often based on design decisions such as the amount of foreign key data that would be generated. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 90-92 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 81) Briefly describe the various tasks of the primary key. Answer: The primary key is used for four primary tasks. First, it is used to uniquely identify the rows in a table. Second, it is used to represent rows in relationships. Third, most DBMS products use the values of the primary key to organize the storage of the relation. Finally, primary keys are used in indexes and other structures to improve performance for search operations. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 100 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for a primary key in a relation. Classification: Concept 82) Explain the concept of a functional dependency. Answer: A functional dependency is a relationship that exists among the attributes of a relation, such that if the value of one attribute or group of attributes is known, the value of another attribute or group of attributes can be determined. In a functional dependency, the attribute(s) whose value determines the value of the other attribute is called the "determinant." The other attribute, whose value is determined by the determinant, is said to be functionally dependent on the determinant. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 101-104 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand functional dependencies and learn to identify them. Classification: Concept

83) Explain the concept of a surrogate key. Answer: A surrogate key is an artificial key that is created to act as the primary key for a relation. The surrogate key is a unique, numeric value that is appended to the relation. Surrogate keys are used in situations when no suitable primary key exists within the user data, or when all available primary keys within the data are too cumbersome for an efficient design. Surrogate key values have no meaning to the users and are normally hidden on all forms, reports, and displays. Most DBMS products have the ability to automatically generate values for surrogate keys as needed. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 94 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 84) What is normalization? Answer: Normalization is a process whereby relations that are not well-formed are modified to become well-formed relations. A relation is considered to be well-formed if the data within it are not subject to unintended negative consequences when it is maintained. Although normalization recognizes several different normal forms, which are categories that the structure of a relation can be classified into based on the types of problems to which it is vulnerable, the basic premises of normalization are that (1) every determinant should be a candidate key, and (2) any relation that is not well formed should be broken into two or more relations that are well-formed. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 104-117 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 85) What are the basic steps of the normalization process? Answer: Before starting the normalization process, the relation must be in first normal form, which means that it meets the basic requirements of being a relation. The first step of the normalization process is to identify all the candidate keys in the relation. The second step is to identify all the functional dependencies in the relation. Third, check to see if all the identified determinants are candidate keys. If all determinants are candidate keys, the relation is well-formed and nothing more needs to be done. On the other hand, if any of the determinants is not a candidate key, the relation is not well-formed, and it is necessary to: (1) place the columns of that functional dependency into a new relation, (2) make the determinant of that functional dependency the primary key of the new relation, (3) leave a copy of the determinant in the original relation as a foreign key, and (4) create a referential integrity constraint between the original relation and the new relation. This process should be repeated for every relation until every determinant in a relation is a candidate key of that relation. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 104-106 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept

86) What is a multivalued dependency, and how do they affect the normalization process? Answer: A multivalued dependency is the case where a determinant is associated with a set of values. When isolated, they do not have modification anomalies; tables with these isolated dependencies are considered to be in fourth normal form (4NF). Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113-114 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand normalization and learn a process for normalizing relations. Classification: Concept 87) Explain the concept of a foreign key. Answer: To implement a relationship within a relational database, the primary key of one relation is placed as an attribute in another relation. This attribute is called a foreign key in the second relation because it is the primary key of a relation that is foreign to the table in which the field resides. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95-97 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 88) Explain how to create a relationship in Microsoft Access. Answer: In Microsoft Access, relationships are created in the Relationships window, which is opened by using the Relationships button on the Database Tools command tab. Once the Relationships window is open, the needed database tables are displayed using the Show Table dialog box. A relationship is initiated by dragging the primary key of one table and dropping it on top of the corresponding foreign key in the related table. At this point the Edit Relationships dialog box is displayed. A referential integrity constraint can be set in this box by checking the Enforce Referential Integrity check box. The relationship is actually created by clicking the Create button in the Edit Relationships dialog box. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 127 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the meaning and importance of keys and related terminology. Classification: Concept 89) What requirements must a two-dimensional table satisfy in order to be a relation? Answer: For a table to be considered a relation, it must meet several requirements. First, every cell must contain a single value. Second, there can be no duplicate rows. Third, each column must have a unique name. Fourth, the order of the columns must have no significance. Fifth, all values for a given column must be of the same type. Finally, the order of the rows must have no significance. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept

90) In practice, why would tables that have duplicate rows be allowed? Answer: It is not uncommon for a table that is returned as the result of a data manipulation operation, such as a query, to contain duplicate rows. This is often tolerated because of the processing time necessary for the DBMS to search the table to find and eliminate duplicate rows. This is especially true if the table is very large. In these cases, it is often acceptable to allow the duplicate rows to exist. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 89 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand relations and learn basic relational terminology. Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Chapter 3 Structured Query Language 1) The SQL Server Compatible Syntax (ANSI 92) options control which version of SQL is used in an Access database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 158 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 2) To force the DBMS to remove duplicate rows from the results of an SQL SELECT query, the keyword DISTINCT must be used. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 184 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 3) In SQL, the WHERE clause is used to specify which columns will be included in the result. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 178 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 4) In SQL, multiple conditions in the WHERE clause can be combined by using the SQL AND keyword. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 189 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 5) In SQL, to refer to a range of values in a WHERE clause, use the WITHIN keyword. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 191 41 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

6) In SQL, the NOT keyword can be combined with the IN keyword to form the NOT IN condition for selecting values. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 185 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 7) In SQL, the LIKE keyword can be used to select certain character string patterns. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 192 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 8) In SQL, the LIKE keyword can be combined with the NOT keyword to form the NOT LIKE condition for selecting values. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 192 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 9) In SQL, the IS NULL keyword can be used to select records containing NULL values in a particular column. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 195 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 10) In SQL, the order of the rows that result from a SELECT statement can be set using the SORT BY phrase. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 11) The SUM built-in function in SQL is used to total the values in a numeric column. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 196 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

12) The TOP built-in function in SQL is used to find the maximum value in a numeric column. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 196 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 13) Standard SQL does not allow built-in functions to be used in a WHERE clause. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 196 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 14) The SQL GROUP BY clause can be used to group rows by common values. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 200 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 15) Built-in SQL functions cannot be applied to data combined using the GROUP BY keyword. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 201 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 16) Data is added to a table using the SQL INSERT statement. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 173 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for adding data to a database. Classification: Concept 17) SQL is a data sublanguage, not a complete programming language. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 151 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept

18) When using SQL to create a table, a column is defined by declaring, in this order: data type, column name, and optional constraints. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 160 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 19) When using SQL to create a table, specifying the NULL property for a column indicates that only null values may be stored in that column. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 20) When using SQL to create a table, specifying a data type of Char(10) indicates a fixed length field of 10 characters. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 21) For a column to be defined as the primary key using table constraints, the column must have been given the property NULL. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 167 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 22) The basic form of SQL queries uses the SQL SELECT/FROM/SORT framework. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 178 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 23) You can use foreign key constraints to define foreign keys and their associated referential integrity constraints. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 169 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 45 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

24) SQL provides a shorthand notation (_) for querying all the columns of a table. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 180 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 25) Microsoft Access SQL commands are run within the SQL view of a query window. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 26) Microsoft Access can run QBE queries, but not SQL queries. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 234 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 27) To open a new Microsoft Access Query window, click the Query Design button on the Create command tab. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 28) Microsoft Access SQL supports and will correctly implement the numeric data type with (m,n) notation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 236 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept

29) In Microsoft Access, default values must be set as a field property while the table is in Design View. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 238 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 30) Values of existing data can be changed using SQL through the CHANGE command. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 217 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting data from a database. Classification: Concept 31) The ON DELETE CASCADE referential integrity constraint does not apply when rows are deleted using the SQL DELETE command. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 219 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting data from a database. Classification: Concept 32) The basic idea of a join is to combine the contents of two or more relations into a new relation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 204 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept 33) Using standard SQL, unmatched rows will not appear in the result of a join. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 213 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept 34) Data from a maximum of three tables can be combined through the use of subqueries in SQL. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 203 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with subqueries. Classification: Concept 35) A subquery is appropriate only if the final result contains only data from a single table. Answer: FALSE 47 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 203 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with subqueries. Classification: Concept 36) The order of the columns returned by an SQL SELECT statement is determined by the ________. A) ORDER BY clause B) SORT BY clause C) order they are listed in following SELECT D) order they are listed in following WHERE Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 181 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 37) Which SQL keyword is used to eliminate duplicate rows in the results of an SQL SELECT query? A) UNIQUE B) SORT C) ORDER BY D) DISTINCT Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 184 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 38) Which SQL keyword is used to specify a condition that rows must meet to be included in the results of an SQL SELECT query? A) SELECT B) FROM C) WHERE D) ORDER BY Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 178 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

39) Conditions after the WHERE keyword require single quotes around the values for columns that have which data type? A) Char B) Date/Time C) Integer D) Numeric Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 252 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 40) Which of the following is the correct SQL clause to restrict the results of a SELECT query to only records that have a value in the range of 10 to 50 in the Hours column? A) WHERE Hours = MIN(10) and MAX(50) B) WHERE Hours IN [10, 50] C) WHERE Hours = 10 and Hours = 50 D) WHERE Hours BETWEEN 10 AND 50 Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 178 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 41) Which symbol is used in standard SQL as a wildcard to represent a single, unspecified character? A) % (percent sign) B) ! (exclamation mark) C) _ (underscore) D) ? (question mark) Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 192 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 42) Which symbol is used in standard SQL as a wildcard to represent a series of one or more unspecified characters? A) % (percent sign) B) ! (exclamation mark) C) _ (underscore) D) ? (question mark) Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 192 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 49 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

43) Which SQL keyword can be used in conjunction with wildcards to select partial values? A) SELECT B) LIKE C) FIND D) SUBSTRING Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 192 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 44) Which of the following is the correct SQL clause to sort the results of a SELECT query in reverse-alphabetic order using the Department field? A) SORT BY Department B) REVERSE Department C) ORDER BY Department DESC D) SORT BY Department DESC Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 45) Which of the following is not one of the five SQL built-in functions? A) MODE B) SUM C) COUNT D) MAX Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 196 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

46) Given the table CUSTOMER(CustID, Name, PhoneNum, AcctBalance) what is the standard SQL query phrase to retrieve the Name and Phone Number of customers? A) SELECT CUSTOMER-Name AND CUSTOMER-PhoneNum B) SELECT (CUSTOMER-Name AND CUSTOMER-PhoneNum) C) SELECT Name, PhoneNum D) SELECT (Name, PhoneNum) Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 178 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 47) Given the table CUSTOMER(CustID, Name, PhoneNum, AcctBalance) what is the standard SQL query phrase to retrieve data for customers with an account balance greater than 50? A) WHERE CUSTOMER-AcctBalance > 50 B) WHERE (CUSTOMER-AcctBalance > 50) C) WHERE AcctBalance > 50 D) WHERE (AcctBalance > 50) Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 178 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 48) Which SQL keyword is used to apply conditions to restrict groups that appear in the results of a SELECT query that uses GROUP BY? A) WHERE B) HAVING C) LIKE D) SORT Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 201 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

49) Microsoft Access SQL commands are run in ________. A) the SQL window B) the QBE window C) the SQL view of a query window D) the Design view of a query window Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 50) Given the table STUDENT(StudentID, Name, Advisor), which of the following SQL statements would be used to add new student data to the STUDENT table? A) INSERT DATA STUDENT SET StudentID=123, Name='Jones', Advisor='Smith'; B) INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES (123, 'Jones', 'Smith'); C) INSERT INTO STUDENT (New Student Data) VALUES (123, 'Jones', 'Smith'); D) INPUT DATA STUDENT SET StudentID=123, Name=' Jones', Advisor='Smith'; Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 173 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for adding data to a database. Classification: Concept 51) To open a new Microsoft Access Query window ________. A) click the Query Design button on the Command tab B) click the New Query button on the Home command tab C) click the Create Query button on the Create command tab D) click the New Query in Design view button on the Create command tab Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for adding data to a database. Classification: Concept 52) Which keyword would sort the result by reverse alphabetical order? A) ASC B) DESC C) UP D) DOWN Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 187 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

53) Which of the following data types used in SQL would define a fixed-length text field of 10 characters? A) Text(10) B) Char(10) C) VarDhar(10) D) Fixed(10) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 54) Which of the following data types used in SQL would define a numeric field of the pattern 99.99? A) Integer(2,2) B) Integer(5,2) C) Numeric(2,2) D) Numeric(4,2) Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 162 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 55) Which of the following is not a standard data type used in SQL? A) Text B) Char C) Varchar D) Integer Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 56) Which of the following is not true about primary keys? A) Primary keys cannot be null. B) Primary keys must be unique. C) Primary keys must be a single attribute. D) Primary keys are used to represent relationships. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept

57) A composite primary key can be defined using the CONSTRAINT phrase in which SQL command? A) MODIFY TABLE B) CHANGE TABLE C) CREATE TABLE D) SET TABLE Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 58) Which of the following cannot be done using the CONSTRAINT phrase? A) Create a single attribute primary key. B) Define a foreign key. C) Establish a referential integrity constraint. D) Define an attribute to be NOT NULL. Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 168 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 59) Given the table STUDENT(StudentID, Name, Advisor), which of the following SQL statements would be used to change the value of the Advisor field to 'Smith' for all rows in the STUDENT table? A) UPDATE STUDENT SET Advisor = 'Smith'; B) MODIFY STUDENT SET Advisor = 'Smith'; C) MODIFY Advisor SET STUDENT = 'Smith'; D) UPDATE Advisor = 'Smith'; Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 217 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting data from a database. Classification: Concept 60) Which of the following standard SQL data types is not supported in Microsoft Access SQL? A) Integer B) Char(25) C) VarChar(35) D) Numeric(5,3) Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 236 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 54 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

61) In Microsoft Access, standard SQL table creation syntax items not supported by Access SQL can generally be implemented by ________. A) setting the Data Types in Access table Design View B) setting the field properties in Access table Design View C) setting the relationship properties in the Edit Relationship dialog box D) setting the referential integrity properties in the Edit Relationship dialog box Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 62) Which of the following SQL commands would be used to remove only the data from a table named STUDENT while leaving the table structure intact? A) DROP TABLE STUDENT; B) DELETE TABLE STUDENT; C) REMOVE TABLE STUDENT; D) DELETE FROM STUDENT; Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting data from a database. Classification: Concept 63) Which of the following SQL commands would be used to remove both the data and the table structure of a table named STUDENT? A) DROP TABLE STUDENT; B) DELETE TABLE STUDENT; C) REMOVE TABLE STUDENT; D) SELECT * FROM STUDENT THEN DROP; Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 220 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept

64) Given the tables STUDENT(StudentID, StudentName, AdvisorID) ADVISOR(AdvisorID, AdvisorName, Office, Phone) which of the following SQL statements would be used to implant a join between the two tables? A) FROM STUDENT MATCH ADVISOR B) FROM STUDENT.AdvisorID MATCH ADVISOR.AdvisorID C) FROM STUDENT JOIN ADVISOR ON STUDENT.AdvisorID = ADVISOR.AdvisorID D) FROM STUDENT JOIN ADVISOR Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 207 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept 65) Which type of join, although not included in standard SQL, was created to allow unmatched rows to appear in the result of a join operation? A) ODD JOIN B) OPEN JOIN C) OUTER JOIN D) INNER JOIN Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 214 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept 66) One way to specify all of the columns of a table is to use the special character * after the SQL keyword ________. Answer: SELECT Diff: 1 Page Ref: 228 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 67) Conditions in an SQL INSERT command and after the SQL ________ keyword require single quotes around values for Char and VarChar columns, but not around values for Integer and Numeric columns. Answer: WHERE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 252 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 56 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

68) The SQL command used to add new data to a relation is ________. Answer: INSERT Diff: 1 Page Ref: 173 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 69) SQL stands for ________. Answer: Structured Query Language Diff: 1 Page Ref: 151 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 70) SQL is not a complete programming language but is rather a(n) ________. Answer: data sublanguage Diff: 2 Page Ref: 151 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 71) SQL was developed by ________ in the late 1970s. Answer: the IBM Corporation; IBM Diff: 1 Page Ref: 151 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 72) The SQL keyword(s) ________ mean(s) that a value must be supplied before a new row can be created. Answer: NOT NULL Diff: 1 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 73) An SQL data type of ________ would indicate a variable-length character string with maximum length 75. Answer: VarChar(75) Diff: 2 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept

74) An SQL data type of ________ means that values consist of seven decimal numbers with two numbers assumed to the right of the decimal point. Answer: Numeric(7,2) Diff: 2 Page Ref: 162 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 75) Microsoft Access SQL commands are run in the ________ of a query window. Answer: SQL view Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 76) In Microsoft Access, the default method of creating and running a query is ________. Answer: Query by Example (QBE) Diff: 1 Page Ref: 152 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 77) What is another one-word expression for an SQL inner join? Answer: SQL eqijoin Diff: 2 Page Ref: 213 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept 78) Table and relationship properties not supported by Microsoft Access SQL can usually be set ________ in the appropriate window or dialog box. Answer: manually Diff: 3 Page Ref: 170 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 79) The values of existing data can be modified using the SQL ________ command, which can be used to change several column values at once. Answer: UPDATE…SET Diff: 2 Page Ref: 217 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting data from a database. Classification: Concept

80) The values of existing data can be removed from a table using the SQL ________ command. This can also be used to remove all the data in the table at one time. Answer: DELETE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting data from a database. Classification: Concept 81) Existing tables in a database can be structurally modified by using the SQL ________ command. Answer: ALTER TABLE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 82) A complete table, including both the table structure and any data in the table, can be removed from the database by using the SQL ________ command. Answer: DROP TABLE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 83) Microsoft Access SQL allows table structures to be modified by using the standard SQL ________ command. Answer: ALTER TABLE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 220 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 84) The ________ statement removes all data from a table while leaving the table structure, and also resets any surrogate primary key values back to the starting point. Answer: SQL Truncate Table Diff: 3 Page Ref: 221 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept

85) Using SQL commands, multiple tables can be queried using either subqueries or ________. Answer: joins Diff: 2 Page Ref: 252 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 86) Using SQL commands, multiple tables can be queried so that all the values from one table appear in the results, regardless of whether they have one or more corresponding values in the other table, by using the SQL ________ command. Answer: OUTER JOIN Diff: 2 Page Ref: 214 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept 87) Given the table CUSTOMER(CustID, Name, PhoneNumber, AccountBalance) write the standard SQL query to retrieve the Name and Phone Number of customers with a balance greater than 50. Answer: S ELECT Name, PhoneNumber FROM CUSTOMER WHERE AccountBalance > 50; Diff: 2 Page Ref: 178-179 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 88) Given the table CUSTOMER(CustID, Name, PhoneNumber, AccountBalance) write the standard SQL query to retrieve the Name and Phone Number of customers whose name begins with 'S'. Answer: SELECT Name, PhoneNumber FROM CUSTOMER WHERE Name LIKE 'S%'; Diff: 2 Page Ref: 178-179 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept

89) What are SQL Built-in Functions? Answer: SQL Built-in Functions are functions that manipulate the results of an SQL SELECT statement. The built-in functions for standard SQL are COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX, and MIN. The COUNT function counts the number of rows in the result. The SUM function totals the values in a number-oriented field. The AVG function calculates the mean of the values in a number-oriented field. The MAX function determines the highest value, and the MIN function determines the lowest value, in a number-oriented field. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 196 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 90) Distinguish between the HAVING clause and the WHERE clause. Answer: The HAVING clause and the WHERE clause differ in that the WHERE clause is used to identify rows that satisfy a stated condition. The HAVING clause is used to identify groups which have been created by the GROUP BY clause and that satisfy a stated condition. In cases when the WHERE clause and the HAVING clause are both allowed to appear in the same SELECT statement, the WHERE clause is generally implemented to execute before the HAVING clause. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 202 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 91) Explain why it is important to learn SQL. Answer: Most modern DBMS products support SQL as a standardized data language. These products usually provide graphical tools to perform the tasks associated with SQL, but there are some tasks that cannot be performed using these graphical tools. SQL is text-oriented, and SQL code must be written in order to embed SQL commands within program applications. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 152 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept

92) Explain the essential format of the CREATE TABLE statement. Answer: The essential format for the CREATE TABLE statement is: CREATE TABLE tablename ( column-definition, column-definition, column-definition, ... optional table constraints ); "Tablename" is the name that will be given to the newly created table. "Column-definition" is a three-part definition of each column to appear in the table. This definition includes the name of the column, the column's data type, and an optional column constraint (either Primary Key, Null, or Not Null), in that order. The CONSTRAINT phrase can be used to set optional primary key, foreign key and referential integrity constraints for the table. All SQL statements must end with a semi-colon (;). Diff: 1 Page Ref: 160 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 93) Discuss SQL data types. Answer: Common examples of standard SQL data types are Char, VarChar, Integer, and Numeric. The Char data type is for fixed-length character data. VarChar is for variable-length character data. Integer is for numeric data that are whole numbers only. Numeric is for numeric data that may include decimals. Char, VarChar, and Numeric must be qualified by a length specification to indicate the amount of storage space to be allocated for each data item. For example, Char(10) indicates fixed-length character data that is always stored as 10 characters. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 161 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept

94) Distinguish between Char and VarChar data types. Answer: Char data type is fixed length, so that no matter what the actual length of the data entered is, it will always take exactly the same storage space. For example, Char(10) indicates that 10 characters will always be stored for each value of that column. If the actual data entered is less than the specified fixed length, the data will be padded with blanks. VarChar data type is variable length so that only the amount of space actually needed to store the data is used. Although VarChar may be more efficient in its use of space, it is not always preferred. VarChar requires the storage of some extra data to indicate the length of the data values, plus it requires some extra processing by the DBMS to arrange the variable length data. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 192 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements and options for processing a single table. Classification: Concept 95) Explain two methods for defining a primary key using SQL. Answer: A primary key may be defined by either the CREATE TABLE column description method or the CONSTRAINT phrase method. To create a primary key using the CREATE TABLE column description method, the primary key must be a single attribute. For the primary key attribute, the column property is specified to be PRIMARY KEY. There can be only one attribute specified as PRIMARY KEY with the CREATE TABLE column description method. This means that the creation of a composite key requires the use of the CONSTRAINT phrase method. Defining a primary key using the CONSTRAINT phrase requires that the column or columns that will serve as the primary key must have been defined as NOT NULL. Using the CONSTRAINT phrase method, the primary key is defined by adding a constraint to the table using a CONSTRAINT phrase after the table columns have been defined. The CONSTRAINT phrase names the column or columns that will be the table's primary key. The structure of the CONSTRAINT phrase is: CONSTRAINT ConstraintName PRIMARY KEY (column names) Diff: 3 Page Ref: 167 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for creating database structures. Classification: Concept 96) Explain how to run an SQL query in Microsoft Access. Answer: To run an SQL query in Microsoft Access, start on the Create command tab. Click the Query Design button, which will display a Query window together with the Show Tables dialog box. Close the Show Tables dialog box by clicking the Close button, and then click the SQL View button on the Design command tab to switch the Query window to SQL View. An SQL statement can now be entered into the Query window. To execute the query after the SQL statement is complete, click the Run button on the Design command tab. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL statements for modifying and deleting database tables and constraints. Classification: Concept 63 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

97) Compare and contrast subqueries and joins. Answer: Subqueries and joins are both used to process data for queries that require data from multiple tables. Subqueries involve embedding a second query within the WHERE clause of the first query. Many levels of subqueries can exist. Joins involve combining the rows of multiple tables into a single relation whose rows contain the data from all the tables that are joined. This new relation can then be processed by the other clauses of the SELECT query. One notable issue with subqueries is that only data from a single table may appear in the result that is returned by the query. One notable issue with joins is that any unmatched rows in either table will not appear in the result that is returned by the query. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 204 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn basic SQL SELECT statements for processing multiple tables with joins. Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Chapter 4 Data Modeling and the Entity-Relationship Model 1) One or more entities can be associated together in relationships. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 301 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 2) In a 1:1 relationship, a single entity instance of one type is related to a single entity instance of the same or another type. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 3) Recursive relationships can be represented as 1:N or N:M, but not 1:1. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 313 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1: N, N:M, and binary relationships with the E-R model. Classification: Concept 4) The subtype symbol is a circle with a line under it. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 311 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn to construct E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 5) Unified Modeling Language (UML) has replaced the E-R Model as the most popular technique 64 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

for creating data models. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 304 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret traditional E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 6) A PRODUCT entity instance is the collection of all PRODUCT entity classes. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 299 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 7) An entity class is described by the structure of the entities in that class. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 299 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 8) There is usually only one instance of an entity in an entity class. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 299 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 9) The E-R Model assumes that all instances of a given entity class have the same attributes. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 299 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 10) An entity identifier can be either unique or nonunique. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 300 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 11) The number of entity classes involved in a relationship is the cardinality of the relationship. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 65 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

12) It is possible for an entity to have a relationship to itself. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 313 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent recursive relationships with the E-R model. Classification: Concept

13) Maximum cardinality indicates whether or not an instance of one entity class must be related to at least one instance of another entity class. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 14) One type of strong entity is the ID-dependent entity. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 306 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand two types of weak entities and know how to use them. Classification: Concept 15) Subtype entities may be either exclusive or inclusive. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 312 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent subtype entities with the E-R model. Classification: Concept 16) An attribute that determines which subtype is appropriate is called a discriminator. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 311 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent subtype entities with the E-R model. Classification: Concept 17) During the implementation phase of developing a database system, the data model is transformed into a database design. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 18) When developing a database system, the database is constructed during the implementation phase. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept

19) During the design phase of developing a database system, users are asked about the need for changes to existing forms and reports. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 20) A use case is a description of the way a user will employ the features and functions of the new system. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 21) Use cases can be used to validate the data model, design, and implementation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 22) In crow's foot E-R notation, the crow's foot indicates a maximum cardinality of one. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 23) In crow's foot E-R notation, a circle indicates a minimum cardinality of zero. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 24) In crow's foot E-R notation, the hash mark indicates both a minimum cardinality of one and a maximum cardinality of one. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 68 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

25) In a traditional E-R diagram, the relationship is symbolized by a diamond. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 26) A nonidentifying relationship exists between an ID-dependent entity and its parent. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 307 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand two types of weak entities and know how to use them. Classification: Concept 27) System requirements, as documented by use cases, business rules, forms, reports, and queries are sufficient to design the database without using a formal data model. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 298 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 28) Microsoft Access can be used to build a prototype database, which allows users to validate the data model by demonstrating the consequences of data modeling decisions. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 29) Microsoft Access wizards allow easy mock-ups of forms and reports for prototyping. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 30) Microsoft Access is only used to prototype databases where Microsoft Access itself will be the final DBMS. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 339 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept

31) The implementation step is a process that starts with the final system design as its input and produces a final system as its output. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 32) Microsoft Access uses banded form and report editors. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 347 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 33) An entity cannot be both weak and strong. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 306 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand two types of weak entities and know how to use them. Classification: Concept 34) Which of the following is not a basic element of the E-R Model? A) Identifiers B) Entities C) Cardinalities D) Use cases Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 299-300 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 35) In the Entity-Relationship data model, all instances of an entity of a given type are grouped into ________. A) entity objects B) class objects C) entity classes D) identifiers Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 299 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept

36) Which of the following is true about identifiers of entities? A) Identifiers must be unique. B) Identifiers are not normally used in a naming role. C) The value of an identifier may identify a set of entity instances. D) Identifiers may not be more than two attributes. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 300 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 37) The number of entity classes involved in a relationship is known as the relationship's ________. A) maximum cardinality B) minimum cardinality C) ordinality D) degree Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 301 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 38) Whether or not an instance of one entity class must participate in a relationship with another entity class is indicated by the ________. A) degree B) recursive cardinality C) minimum cardinality D) maximum cardinality Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302-303 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 39) An ID-dependent entity is ________. A) a special type of strong entity B) an entity in which the identifier of the entity includes the identifier of another entity C) all strong entities D) an entity with a maximum cardinality of one Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 307 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand two types of weak entities and know how to use them. Classification: Concept

40) Which of the following is not a stage in the development of a database system? A) Requirements analysis B) Validation C) Component design D) Implementation Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 41) Which of the following activities is not performed during the implementation phase of developing a database system? A) Filling the database with data B) Transforming the data model into a database design C) Writing application programs D) Creating forms Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 42) Which of the following is not a source for user requirements during the requirements analysis stage of developing a database system? A) Referential integrity constraints B) User interviews C) Forms D) Use cases Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 298 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 43) Microsoft Access can be used to build a prototype database, which allows users ________. A) to draw a crow's foot E-R diagram themselves B) to normalize the tables in the E-R diagram C) to validate the data model by demonstrating the consequences of data modeling decisions D) to determine the functional dependencies in the data model Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept

44) Microsoft Access is a good tool for creating mock-ups of forms and reports because ________. A) the form and report generators do not exist within Access itself B) Access forms and reports are very simplistic. C) Access wizards make it easy to create the forms and reports. D) Access has a version of Microsoft PowerPoint built into it to allow easy creation of PowerPoint slide shows. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 45) The Microsoft Access form editor is a(n) ________. A) banded form editor B) wizard-based form editor C) ASCII form editor D) WYSIWYG form editor Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 347 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 46) The Microsoft Access report editor is a(n) ________. A) banded report editor B) wizard-based report editor C) ASCII report editor D) WYSIWYG report editor E) Web-based report editor Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 347 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept

47) In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a hash mark across the relationship line near an entity indicates ________. A) a minimum cardinality of optional B) a minimum cardinality of mandatory C) a maximum cardinality of mandatory D) a maximum cardinality of many Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 48) In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a circle across the relationship line near an entity indicates ________. A) a minimum cardinality of mandatory B) a minimum cardinality of optional C) a maximum cardinality of one D) a maximum cardinality of many Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 311 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn to construct E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 49) In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a crow's foot mark on the relationship line near an entity indicates ________. A) a minimum cardinality of mandatory B) a minimum cardinality of optional C) a maximum cardinality of one D) a maximum cardinality of many Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept

50) Which of the following statements is not true about creating data models when facts are missing. A) The data model process stops until all the necessary facts are obtained. B) Missing facts can be added later. C) Having missing facts is typical in the data modeling process. D) A data model is created with the data in hand at the time. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 314-315 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create an E-R diagram from source documents. Classification: Concept 51) Given only the following excerpt of an E-R model:

Which of the following is known to be true? A) There are more instances of ENTITY A than there are instances of ENTITY B in the user's environment. B) A single instance of ENTITY B may be related to many instances of ENTITY A. C) A single instance of ENTITY A must be related to many instances of ENTITY B. D) ENTITY A has a minimum cardinality of one. Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 303-304 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret traditional E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 52) A dashed line between entities indicates ________. A) a unique identifier B) a minimum cardinality of zero C) a minimum cardinality of one D) a nonidentifying relationship Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 307 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept

53) Given only the following excerpt of an E-R model:\

Which of the following is known to be true? A) A single instance of ENTITY A must be related to one instance of ENTITY B. B) Many instances of ENTITY A may be related to one instance of ENTITY B. C) ENTITY B has a degree of many. D) ENTITY B is a weak entity. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 303-304 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret traditional E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 54) Which of the following would not be contained in a use case? A) Inputs provided to the system to perform a task B) A description of a task the user wants to perform C) A prototype of the system performing a given task D) Outputs generated by the system in performing a given task Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 55) The representation of the content, relationships, and constraints of the data needed to support the system requirements is the ________. A) relation design B) implementation C) data model D) data view Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept

56) Given only the following excerpt of an E-R model:

If one instance of ENTITY B must be related to one and only one instance of ENTITY A, and one instance of ENTITY A may be related to many instances of ENTITY B, which of the following should be written on the end of the relationship line next to ENTITY B in the figure above? A)

E) None of the above is correct.

Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 303-304 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret traditional E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 57) A use case can be used to perform which of the following tasks? A) Transform the data model into the database design B) Validate the data model C) Fill the database with data D) Implement business rules Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 58) When an entity class has a relationship with itself, it is called a(n) ________ relationship. Answer: recursive Diff: 3 Page Ref: 313 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent recursive relationships with the E-R model. Classification: Concept 59) Recursive relationships occur when an entity has a relationship with ________. Answer: itself Diff: 2 Page Ref: 313 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent recursive relationships with the E-R model. Classification: Concept 60) Identifiers of an entity that are composed of two or more attributes are called ________ identifiers. Answer: composite Diff: 1 Page Ref: 300 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 61) Relationships of degree two are often called ________ relationships. Answer: binary Diff: 1 Page Ref: 301 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept

62) ________ can constrain data values and the processing of the database. Answer: Business rules Diff: 3 Page Ref: 319 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create an E-R diagram from source documents. Classification: Concept 63) A(n) ________ is a working demonstration of selected portions of the future system. Answer: prototype Diff: 1 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 64) ________ are descriptions of the ways users will employ the features and functions of the new information system. Answer: Use cases Diff: 2 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic stages of database development. Classification: Concept 65) ________ can be used to build prototype databases. Answer: Microsoft Access Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 66) Microsoft Access ________ allow easy mock-ups of forms and reports for prototyping. Answer: wizards Diff: 1 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 67) A(n) ________ entity is used whenever a pure N:M relationship cannot properly hold attributes that are describing aspects of the relationship between two entities. Answer: associative Diff: 2 Page Ref: 310-311 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn to construct E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept

68) Because of its forms and reports wizards, ________ can be used to build a prototype database for many different other operational DBMS. Answer: Microsoft Access Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 69) Microsoft Access uses ________ form and report editors. Answer: banded Diff: 2 Page Ref: 347 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 70) In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, an entity class is represented by a(n) ________. Answer: rectangle Diff: 3 Page Ref: 303 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret traditional E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 71) The ________ is a representation of the content, relationships, and constraints of the data needed to support the system requirements. Answer: data model Diff: 2 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 72) An entity that must logically depend on another entity is called a(n) ________ entity. Answer: weak Diff: 2 Page Ref: 309 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand two types of weak entities and know how to use them. Classification: Concept 73) Distinguish between an entity class and an entity instance. Answer: An entity class is the collection of all entities of a given type. The entity class is described by the structure of the entities in that class. An entity instance is a representation of a particular entity within the entity class. The entity instance is described by the values of the attributes of the entity. An entity class, then, is a collection containing many entity instances. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 299 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 80 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

74) Distinguish between entity identifiers and keys. Answer: An entity identifier is an attribute or group of attributes that is used to name or identify instances of an entity class. Unlike a key in the relational model, an entity identifier is more of a logical concept. It is simply an attribute that the users think of as distinguishing between entity instances in their environment. Also, entity identifiers may be unique or nonunique whereas keys must be unique. If an entity identifier is unique, it will identify a single instance of the entity class. If the identifier is nonunique, it will identify a set of instances of the entity class. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 300 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 75) What are "business rules" and what is their role in database design? Answer: Business rules are policies that constrain data values and the processing of the database. These policies represent business decisions and directives. The development team identifies and documents business rules during the creation of the data model. Often, these business rules are too specific or complex to be addressed by the database design directly. Therefore, the business rules are typically documented with the database design so that they can be enforced through procedural logic and application programs. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 319-321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create an E-R diagram from source documents. Classification: Concept 76) Describe the use of Microsoft Access as a prototyping tool. Answer: Prototyping a database allows users to validate the data model by demonstrating the consequences of data modeling decisions. Microsoft Access is a good tool to build prototype databases because of its ease of use. Microsoft Access database files can be easily copied to create multiple copies of a database, which allows a variety of data models to be created. Further, Microsoft Access wizards allow easy mock-ups of forms and reports for prototyping. Therefore, Microsoft Access is often used to build prototype databases regardless of whether or not Access itself will be the final DBMS. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 321 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept

77) Explain maximum cardinality. Answer: Maximum cardinality describes the maximum number of instances in a given entity class that are allowed to participate in a relationship with a single instance of another entity class. Maximum cardinality is typically represented as being either 1:1 (one-to-one), 1:N (one-to-many), N:1 (many-to-one), or M:N (many-to-many). There is no restriction to only these common values, however, and other maximum cardinalities, such as 1:5 (one-to-five), are allowed. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 78) Explain minimum cardinality. Answer: Minimum cardinality describes the minimum number of instances in a given entity class that must participate in a relationship with a single instance of another entity class. The minimum cardinality indicates whether or not each instance in a given entity class is required to participate in the relationship. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 302-303 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the principal components of the E-R data model. Classification: Concept 79) How is maximum cardinality expressed in crow's foot E-R diagrams? Answer: The crow's foot E-R diagram notation uses a hash mark to indicate a maximum cardinality of one and a crow's foot to indicate a maximum cardinality of many. Each symbol is placed immediately next to the rectangle symbolizing an entity. These symbols are combined in various forms to signify 1:1, 1:N and N:M relationships. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept 80) How is minimum cardinality expressed in crow's foot E-R diagrams? Answer: The crow's foot E-R diagram notation uses a circle to indicate a minimum cardinality of zero (or "optional") and a hash mark to indicate a minimum cardinality of one (or "mandatory"). Each symbol is placed on the relationship line just beyond the symbol indicating maximum cardinality. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 305 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to interpret the Information Engineering (IE) model's Crow's Foot E-R diagrams. Classification: Concept

81) Distinguish between a data model and a database design. Answer: The data model is a representation of the content, relationships, and constraints of the data needed to support the users' requirements for the system. The data model is a logical representation of business requirements. The database design is created from the data model to include tables, relationships, constraints, data types, column properties, and descriptions of primary and foreign keys. The database design is a component design of how database technology can accomplish the support of the system requirements depicted in the data model. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 298 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 82) What is a "use case" and how is it used? Answer: A use case is a description of the way users will employ the features and functions of the new information system. Typically, a use case will include descriptions of the users' work environment, the tasks to be performed, and how the system would be used to support these tasks. The use case also specifies the inputs and outputs necessary to complete these tasks. The use case is used to document requirements and validate the data model, design, and implementation. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 297 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the purpose and role of a data model. Classification: Concept 83) Explain the ambiguity in the broad definition of a weak entity. Answer: The broad definition of a weak entity includes any entity that relies on another entity for its existence in the database. This is ambiguous since this definition can apply to any entity that is involved in a relationship with a minimum cardinality of 1. If the minimum cardinality is 1, then an entity instance in that entity class cannot exist in the database unless there is a related entity instance in the associated entity class. The more restrictive definition of a weak entity indicates that an entity is weak if it logically depends on the other entity for its existence. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 309 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand two types of weak entities and know how to use them. Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Chapter 5 Database Design 1) The technique for representing E-R relationships in the relational model is dependent on the minimum cardinality. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 375 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 2) For a 1:1 relationship, the key of either table should be placed in the other table as the foreign key. 83 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 3) Relationships that are 1:1 do not require referential integrity constraints. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 378 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 4) A database design is a set of database specifications that can actually be implemented as a database in a DBMS. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 367 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 5) When applied to 1:N relationships, the term "parent" refers to the many side of the relationship since a child has multiple parents. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 378 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

6) To represent a 1:N relationship in the relational model, the key of the entity on the one side of the relationship is placed as a foreign key in the entity on the many side of the relationship. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 378 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 7) To represent a 1:N relationship in the relational model, the key of either entity may be placed as a foreign key in the other entity. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 378 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 8) For each row, you indicate exactly what type of data will be stored in that row. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 9) To represent a N:M relationship in the relational model, an intersection table is created to represent the relationship itself. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 380 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 10) The key for an intersection table is always the combination of the keys of the parent entities. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 381 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 11) Microsoft Access uses the same pure N:M relationships that occur in data modeling. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 398 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

12) As far as Microsoft Access is concerned, there are no N:M relationships. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 13) As far as Microsoft Access is concerned, there are no 1:N relationships. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 14) By default, Microsoft Access creates 1:1 relationships between tables. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 15) To create a 1:1 relationship in Microsoft Access, the Indexed property of the foreign key column must be set to Yes (No Duplicates). Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 402 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 16) All recursive relationships are 1:1. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 368 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M recursive relationships. Classification: Concept 17) Recursive relationships can be represented in the relational model using the same techniques that are used for binary relationships. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 385 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M recursive relationships. Classification: Concept

18) If a weak entity is not ID-Dependent, it can be represented as a table. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 389 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 19) If a weak entity is ID-dependent but not existence-dependent, it can be represented using the same techniques as a strong entity. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 405 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to represent weak entities with the relational model. Classification: Concept 20) The key of the parent entity becomes part of the key of an ID-dependent entity. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 405 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to represent weak entities with the relational model. Classification: Concept 21) The first step in representing entities using the relational model is to determine which identifier will be used as the key. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 373 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 22) An entity needs to be examined according to normalization criteria before creating a table from it in the relational database design. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 373 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 23) When creating a table in the relational database design from an entity in the extended E-R model, the attributes of the entity become the rows of the table. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 405 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept

24) By default, the identifier of the entity becomes the foreign key of the corresponding table. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 405 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 25) The ideal primary key is short, numeric, and nonchanging. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 368 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 26) A surrogate key is appropriate when the primary key of a table contains a lengthy text field. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 368-369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 27) A default value is a value that the DBMS automatically supplies when a new row is created. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 28) Restrictions that are placed on the values that can exist in columns are known as data constraints. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 29) Relations should always be normalized to the highest degree possible. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 372 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for denormalization. Classification: Concept

30) Which of the following is true when representing a 1:1 binary relationship using the relational model? A) The key of the entity with the highest minimum cardinality must be placed in the other entity as a foreign key. B) The key of each entity must be placed in the other as a foreign key. C) The key of either entity is placed in the other as a foreign key. D) The key of the entity with the most attributes must be placed in the other entity as a foreign key. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 31) Given the tables TABLE_A (Attribute1, Attribute2, Attribute3) TABLE_B (Attribute4, Attribute5, Attribute6) as shown in the figure below, which of the following would display the correct placement of foreign keys in the relational model?

A) TABLE_A (Attribute1, Attribute2, Attribute3) TABLE _B (Attribute4, Attribute5, Attribute6, Attribute1) B) TABLE _A (Attribute1, Attribute2, Attribute3, Attribute4, Attribute5) TABLE _B (Attribute4, Attribute5, Attribute6) C) TABLE _A (Attribute1, Attribute2, Attribute3, Attribute4) TABLE _B (Attribute4, Attribute5, Attribute6, Attribute1) D) TABLE _A (Attribute1, Attribute2, Attribute3) TABLE _B (Attribute4, Attribute5, Attribute6) Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

32) Which of the following is the correct technique for representing a 1:N relationship in the relational model? A) The key of the entity on the one side is placed into the relation for the entity on the many side. B) The key of the child is placed into the relation of the parent. C) The key of either relation can be placed into the other relation. D) The key of the entity on the many side is placed into the relation for the entity on the one side. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 33) Given the tables PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) as shown in the figure below, which of the following would represent the correct placement of foreign keys?

A) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) B) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber, ProductID) C) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost, SupplierID) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber, ProductID) D) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost, SupplierID) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

34) Which of the following is the correct technique for representing a N:M relationship using the relational model? A) An intersection relation is created, and the key of either entity is placed as a key in both the intersection relation and in the other relation. B) An intersection relation is created with a surrogate key, which is placed in each of the parent entities. C) An intersection relation is created, and the keys of both parent entities are placed as a composite primary key in the intersection relation. D) The key from either relation is placed as a foreign key in the other relation. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 382 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 35) In many-to-many relationships in a relational database design, ________. A) the key of the child is placed as a foreign key into the parent B) the key of the parent is placed as a foreign key into the child C) the keys of both tables are placed in only one of the tables D) the keys of both tables are joined into a composite key Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 362-364 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 36) In many-to-many relationships in a relational database design, ________. A) the intersection table is ID-dependent on one of the parents B) the intersection table is ID-dependent on both of the parents C) the minimum cardinality from the intersection table to the parents is always N D) the minimum cardinality from the intersection table to the parents is always 1:1 Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 364 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

37) Given the tables PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) as shown in the figure below, which of the following would represent the correct placement of foreign keys?

A) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) B) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost, SupplierID) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber, ProductID) C) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) PRODUCT_SUPPLIER (ProductID, SupplierID, PhoneNumber) D) PRODUCT (ProductID, Description, Cost) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) PRODUCT_SUPPLIER (ProductID, SupplierID) Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 38) In relational database design, ID-dependent entities are used to ________. A) represent 1:1 relationships B) represent 1:N relationships C) represent N:M relationships D) handle recursive relationships Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 381 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

39) What relationship pattern is illustrated in the following schema? PRODUCT (ProductID, Description) SUPPLIER (SupplierID, ContactName, PhoneNumber) PRODUCT_SUPPLIER (ProductID, SupplierID, Cost) ProductID in PRODUCT_SUPPLIER must exist in ProductID in PRODUCT SupplierID in PRODUCT_SUPPLIER must exist in SupplierID in PRODUCT A) Association relationship B) Intersection relationship C) Recursive relationship D) Strong entity relationship Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 384 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 40) What relationship pattern is illustrated in the following schema? VEHICLE (VehicleID, Cost) CAR (VehicleID, NumberOfSeats) TRUCK (VehicleID, CargoCapacity) VehicleID in CAR must exist in VehicleID in VEHICLE VehicleID in TRUCK must exist in VehicleID in VEHICLE A) Association relationship B) Intersection relationship C) Recursive relationship D) Supertype/subtype relationship Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 385 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 41) Which of the following is not true about representing subtypes in a relational database design? A) One table is created for the supertype and one for each subtype. B) All of the attributes of the supertype are added to the subtype relations. C) The key of the supertype is made the key of the subtypes. D) A subtype and its supertype are representations of the same underlying table. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 385 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 93 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

42) Microsoft Access does not create N:M relationships because ________. A) Microsoft Access creates databases based on database designs instead of data models. B) Microsoft Access creates databases based on data models instead of database designs. C) Microsoft Access cannot implement association relationships. D) Microsoft Access cannot implement supertype/subtype relationships. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 398 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 43) As far as Microsoft Access is concerned, there are no ________. A) 1:1 relationships B) 1:N relationships C) N:1 relationships D) N:M relationships Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 44) By default, when Microsoft Access creates a relationship between two tables, it creates a(n) ________. A) 1:1 relationship B) 1:N relationship C) N:M relationship D) association relationship Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 45) To create a 1:1 relationship between two tables in Microsoft Access ________. A) the Indexed property of the foreign key column must be set to No B) the Indexed property of the foreign key column must be set to Yes (Duplicates OK) C) the Indexed property of the foreign key column must be set to Yes (No Duplicates) D) the Data Type of the foreign key column must be set to AutoNumber Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 402 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

46) What relationship pattern is illustrated in the following schema? EMPLOYEE (EmployeeID, OfficePhone, Manager) Manager in EMPLOYEE must exist in EmployeeID in EMPLOYEE A) Association relationship B) Intersection relationship C) Recursive relationship D) Strong entity relationship Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 386 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M recursive relationships. Classification: Concept 47) Which of the following is not true of recursive relationships? A) When the recursive relationship is N:M, an intersection table is created. B) The rows of a single table can play two different roles. C) Even when the relationship is 1:N, a new table must be defined to represent the relationship. D) Recursive relationships can be 1:1, 1:N, or N:M relationships. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 385-386 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M recursive relationships. Classification: Concept 48) Which of the following is true about representing a weak entity with the relational model? A) If the weak entity is existence-dependent, the key of the parent must be part of the key of the weak entity. B) If the strong entity has a minimum cardinality of 1, the key of the weak entity must be part of the strong entity. C) If the weak entity is ID-dependent, the key of the weak entity must be part of the key of the parent entity. D) If the weak entity is ID-dependent, the key of the parent entity must be part of the key of the weak entity. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 374 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to represent weak entities with the relational model. Classification: Concept

49) When transforming an E-R data model into a relational database design, the key of the parent entity should be placed as part of the primary key into the child entity ________. A) when the child entity is ID-dependent B) when the child entity is non-ID-dependent C) when the child entity has a 1:1 relationship with the parent entity D) when the child entity has a 1:N relationship with the parent entity Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 405 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to represent weak entities with the relational model. Classification: Concept 50) The first step in transforming an extended E-R model into a relational database design is to ________. A) create a table for each relationship B) evaluate the entities against the normalization criteria C) create a table for each entity D) remove any recursive relationships Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 367 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 51) Each attribute of an entity becomes a(n) ________ of a table. A) column B) primary key C) foreign key D) alternate key Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 52) The identifier of the entity becomes the ________ of the corresponding table. A) primary key B) foreign key C) supertype D) subtype Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 373 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept

53) A surrogate key should be considered when ________. A) a relationship is N:M B) a composite key is required C) the key contains a lengthy text field D) the key contains a number Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 54) Which of the following is not true about surrogate keys? A) They are identifiers that are supplied by the system, not the users. B) They have no meaning to the users. C) They are nonunique within a table. D) They can be problematic when combining databases. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 55) Which of the following statements is not true about intersection tables? A) It is a child table. B) It is a parent table. C) It represents the relationship itself. D) It is connected to two parent tables. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 380-381 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 56) In a relational database design, all relationships are expressed by ________. A) creating a primary key B) creating a foreign key C) creating a supertype D) creating a subtype Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 379 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept

57) After a 1:1 relationship has been created between two tables in Microsoft Access, the Relationship Type of One-To-One appears ________. A) in the Relationship Type property of the primary key column in table Design View B) in the Relationship Type property of the foreign key column in table Design View C) in the Edit Relationships dialog box D) in the Show Table dialog box Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 401 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 58) In terms of normalization, what do the letters BCNF stand for? A) BCNF is not an abbreviation B) Bryce-Cooper Normalization Functionality C) Boyce-Code Normalization Functionality D) Boyce-Codd Normal Form Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 370 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Practice applying the normalization process. Classification: Concept 59) Which of the following would be a reason to denormalize a relation? A) Relax security B) Lack of design time C) End user preference D) Improve performance Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 372 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for denormalization. Classification: Concept 60) Microsoft Access does not create N:M relationships because Microsoft Access creates databases based on ________. Answer: database designs Diff: 2 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

61) As far as Microsoft Access is concerned, there are no ________. Answer: N:M relationships Diff: 2 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 62) By default, when Microsoft Access creates a relationship between two tables it creates a(n) ________ relationship. Answer: 1:N Diff: 2 Page Ref: 399 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 63) To create a 1:1 relationship between two tables in Microsoft Access, the Indexed property of the foreign key column must be set to ________. Answer: Yes (No Duplicates) Diff: 3 Page Ref: 402 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 64) After a 1:1 relationship has been created between two tables in Microsoft Access, the Relationship Type of One-To-One appears in the ________. Answer: Edit Relationships dialog box Diff: 3 Page Ref: 401 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 65) A(n) ________ is a relationship among entities of the same class. Answer: recursive relationship Diff: 2 Page Ref: 385 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M recursive relationships. Classification: Concept 66) For a(n) ________ weak entity, it is necessary to add the key of the parent entity to the weak entity's relation so that this added attribute becomes part of the weak entity's key. Answer: ID-dependent Diff: 2 Page Ref: 375 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to represent weak entities with the relational model. Classification: Concept

67) The first step of database design is to define a table for each ________. Answer: entity Diff: 1 Page Ref: 373 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 68) To represent a many-to-many relationship in the relational model, a(n) ________ table is used. Answer: intersection Diff: 1 Page Ref: 380 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 69) Once a table has been defined, it should be examined according to ________ criteria. Answer: normalization Diff: 2 Page Ref: 390 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Practice applying the normalization process. Classification: Concept 70) To normalize a relation, the determinant of every functional dependency should be a(n) ________. Answer: candidate key Diff: 2 Page Ref: 390 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Practice applying the normalization process. Classification: Concept 71) There are cases where it is possible to normalize a table too far, in which case there may be a need for ________. Answer: denormalization Diff: 2 Page Ref: 372 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for denormalization. Classification: Concept

72) Explain the representation of a one-to-many strong entity relationship in a relational database design. Answer: One-to-many relationships are represented by placing the primary key of the table on the one side of the relationship into the table on the many side of the relationship as a foreign key. The term "parent" refers to the table on the one side of a 1:N relationship, and the term "child" refers to the table on the many side of the 1:N relationship. Therefore, the rule for representing a one-to-many relationship can be summarized as "Place the key of the parent table in the child table as a foreign key." Diff: 2 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 73) Explain the representation of a many-to-many strong entity relationship in a relational database design. Answer: Many-to-many relationships cannot be directly represented in a relational database design. Therefore, many-to-many relationships are essentially broken into two one-to-many relationships by creating an intersection table that represents the relationship itself. The intersection table takes its key as a combination of the keys of the two original, or parent, entities. Each of the parent entities has a one-to-many relationship with the intersection table that is represented by placing the keys of the parents into the intersection table. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 376 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 74) What is an association relationship, and how does it differ from an N:M relationship? Answer: An association relationship is very similar to an N:M relationship except that the intersection table has attributes of its own. This means that in addition to the foreign key fields linking to the two strong entities, there is at least one additional field in what would otherwise be called the intersection table but is now an association table. For example, the intersection table ENROLLMENT for STUDENT and CLASS showing student enrollment in each class would normally have two columns: StudentID and ClassID. However, we can turn this intersection table into an association table by adding the column Grade, which records each student's grade in each class. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 384 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept

75) How are 1:1, 1:N and N:M relationships handled in Microsoft Access? Answer: By default, when Microsoft Access creates a relationship between two tables, it creates a 1:N relationship. N:M relationships are created in Microsoft Access, as in all other DBMS products, as two 1:N relationships linking the two tables (based on the original two entities) through an intersection table. As far as Microsoft Access is concerned, there are no N:M relationships! To create a 1:1 relationship between two tables in Microsoft Access, the Indexed property of the foreign key column in the table containing the foreign key must be set to Yes (No Duplicates) before the relationship is created. With the property set, the relation is automatically created as a 1:1 relationship. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 398 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M binary relationships. Classification: Concept 76) How are one-to-one recursive relationships addressed using the relational model? Answer: One-to-one recursive relationships are addressed just the same as one-to-one nonrecursive relationships. The only difference is that both of the related entity instances are in the same entity class. The key of either instance is placed in the other instance as a foreign key. In the case of a recursive relationship, this means that a new attribute is added to the entity class with the recursive relationship. For each instance, this new attribute will contain the value of the key attribute of the instance that is related. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 385 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know how to represent 1:1, 1:N, and N:M recursive relationships. Classification: Concept 77) Explain the representation of ID-dependent weak entities using the relational model. Answer: A weak entity is represented in the relational model similarly to the representation of a strong entity. First, a relation is defined for the entity. Each attribute in the weak entity becomes a column in the relation. The primary key of the strong entity on which the weak entity is ID-dependent is added to the relation and is made a part of the primary key of the weak entity's relation along with the weak entity's identifier. Finally, the relation is evaluated according to the normalization criteria, and any necessary design changes are made to normalize the relation. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 405 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to represent weak entities with the relational model. Classification: Concept

78) Explain the process of representing an entity using the relational model. Answer: To represent an entity using the relational model, first define a relation for the entity. The name of the entity is the name of the relation. Each attribute in the entity becomes a column in the relation. If the entity had a unique identifier that would make an appropriate primary key, then that attribute is made the key. If there is no such attribute, then the development team discusses identifiers with the users to determine if an acceptable key attribute exists. If not, then a surrogate key may be used. Finally, the relation is evaluated against the normalization criteria. Changes to the design may be necessary to satisfy the normalization requirements. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 368 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 79) Explain the pragmatic reason for using surrogate keys. Answer: Primary keys are commonly included in indexes and are used to identify records to be retrieved by users. The ideal primary key is short, numeric and fixed. When the primary key contains a lengthy text field, this creates a large amount of duplicated data that must be frequently manipulated. For these reasons, it is often practical to use a surrogate key that is generated by the system and is relatively small and easy to manipulate. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 368-369 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept 80) Write the schema to represent the entities below, including tables, the proper placement of the foreign key, and referential integrity constraint.

Answer: STUDENT (StudentID, StuName, StuMajor, StuPhone, AdvisorID) ADVISOR (AdvisorID, AdvName, AdvOffice, AdvPhone) AdvisorID in STUDENT must exist in AdvisorID in ADVISOR. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 390 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to transform E-R data models into relational designs. Classification: Concept

81) What is denormalization and why can it be desirable? Answer: Denormalization is the process of consolidating relations that are in a higher normal form into a single relation that is in a lower normal form, thereby making it susceptible to more anomalies. Denormalization can be desirable for two reasons. First, sometimes the act of normalizing a table can cause it to become too cumbersome or contrived, which makes it difficult to work with. Therefore, denormalization may be preferable when the dangers of the additional anomalies are considered to be of less importance than the ease of working with the relations. Second, processing multiple tables requires more processing overhead than processing a single table. Therefore, performance can often be improved by using a single, denormalized table than multiple, normalized tables. When the performance gain outweighs the dangers of the additional anomalies, the denormalized table may be preferred. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 372 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for denormalization. Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Chapter 6 Database Administration and the Cloud 1) The simplest and most feasible means of recovering a database is through reprocessing. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 2) In comparison to reprocessing, rollforward does not involve the application programs. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 3) All actions in an atomic transaction are completed successfully or none of the actions are completed at all. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 426 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 4) A transaction in which all steps must be completed successfully or none of them will be completed is called a durable transaction. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 426 104 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 5) Concurrent processing of a database only poses problems when two or more processes attempt to use the same data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 419 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept

6) A dirty read is a problem with concurrent processing when a transaction rereads data it has already read and finds modifications or deletions caused by another transaction. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 7) Statement-level consistency means that all statements within a transaction will access consistent rows across the lifetime of the entire transaction. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 427 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 8) Generally, the more restrictive the transaction isolation level, the less the throughput of database processing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 429 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 9) One advantage of optimistic locking is that the lock is obtained only after the transaction is processed. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 424 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 10) Rollback requires the use of logs, but rollforward does not. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept

11) Transactions should be written to the log before they are applied to the database itself. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 12) Only large database systems have a need for database administration. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 415 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept 13) The acronym DBA refers to either the office or the manager. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 416 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept 14) With optimistic locking, locks are first issued, then the transaction is processed, and then the locks are released. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 424 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 15) Microsoft Access uses a user-level security system. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 459 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept

16) Microsoft Access databases can be secured using trusted locations for database storage. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 460 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 17) Microsoft Access databases cannot be secured by password encryption. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 460 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 18) Microsoft Access databases can be secured by deploying databases packaged with digital signatures. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 460 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 19) When Microsoft Access uses user-level security with an Access 2003 file, the database is stored in a *.accdb file. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 479 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 20) The purpose of concurrency control is to ensure that one user's work does not inappropriately influence another user's work. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept

21) Database security is easy to achieve since all security is handled by the DBMS, which is a single point of entry into the database. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 436 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for security and learn specific tasks for improving database security, including important tradeoffs when using cloud databases. Classification: Concept 22) In terms of database security, a user can be assigned many roles, and a role can be assigned to many users. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 438 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for security and learn specific tasks for improving database security, including important tradeoffs when using cloud databases. Classification: Concept 23) One way to prevent concurrent processing problems is to lock data that are retrieved for update. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 421 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 24) Lock granularity refers to whether a lock is placed by the DBMS automatically or is placed by a command from the application program. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 422 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 25) Two-phase locking can be used to ensure that transactions are serializable. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 423 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept

26) Which of the following is not true of database recovery through reprocessing? A) Reprocessing makes use of a database save. B) Reprocessing takes the same amount of time as did processing in the first place. C) Reprocessing will always return the database to its exact previous state. D) Reprocessing requires a record of all transactions since the last time the database was saved. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 27) Computer systems fail for which of the following reasons except? A) Hardware breaks. B) Electrical power fails. C) Programs have bugs. D) Databases randomly changes field values. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 431 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 28) Additional DBA responsibilities do not include ________. A) problem and error reporting B) requests of changes to existing systems C) controlling database configuration D) editing E-R diagrams Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 458-459 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 29) An ACID transaction is one that is all but ________. A) atomic B) guaranteed C) isolated D) durable Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 426 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 110 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

30) Ensuring that each SQL statement independently processes consistent rows is known as ________. A) transaction-level consistency B) independent consistency C) statement-level consistency D) process-level consistency Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 427 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 31) What concurrent processing problem occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds new rows that were inserted by a different transaction since the prior read? A) Nonrepeatable reads B) Phantom reads C) Dirty reads D) Serialized reads Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 32) What concurrent processing problem occurs when a transaction reads a changed record that has not been committed to the database? A) Nonrepeatable reads B) Phantom reads C) Dirty reads D) Serialized reads Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept

33) Database security is usually broken into two parts: ________ and authorization. A) password management B) creating trusted places C) authentication D) permission management Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for security and learn specific tasks for improving database security, including important tradeoffs when using cloud databases. Classification: Concept 34) Which of the following is not a means of processing databases? A) Table Normalization B) Internet applications using JSP C) Applications invoking stored procedures D) Programs coded in C# Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept 35) Which type of lock assumes that no conflicts will occur? A) Optimistic locks B) Granular locks C) Explicit locks D) Shared locks Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 424 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 36) What is the least restrictive isolation level that will prevent phantom read problems? A) Read Committed B) Serializable C) Read Uncommitted D) Atomic Read Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 429 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 112 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

37) What is the least restrictive isolation level that will prevent dirty reads? A) Read Committed B) Serializable C) Read Uncommitted D) Atomic Read Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 38) What is the least restrictive isolation level that will prevent nonrepeatable reads? A) Read Committed B) Serializable C) Repeatable Read D) Atomic Read Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 39) The recovery technique in which the database is returned to a known state and then all valid transactions are reapplied to the database is known as ________. A) reprocessing B) rollback C) transaction logging D) rollforward Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept

40) The term DBA refers to the ________. A) database accessor B) database auditor C) data business auditor D) database administrator Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 416 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept 41) Which of the following is not a cloud database principle to keep in mind when thinking about database design and performance? A) Due to multiple servers, cloud databases can be much slower when the DBMS workload is parallelizable. B) The data will likely be spread among several cloud servers. C) Performing as much computation at the servers as possible will reduce communication and processing time. D) Comparing and evaluating performance in the cloud is difficult since you don't own the machines or even know how many machines were used to respond to a query. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 447 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 42) Which of the following is an SQL Data Control Language (DCL) statement? A) SQL GRANT B) SQL REVERSE C) SQL ASSIGN D) SQL REMOVE Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 436 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for security and learn specific tasks for improving database security, including important tradeoffs when using cloud databases. Classification: Concept

43) A database can be distributed by partitioning and/or by ________. A) copying B) splitting C) replication D) dividing Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 448 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the importance of and basic techniques for ensuring DBMS performance, both locally and in the cloud, including distributed databases. Classification: Concept 44) Which is an example of a program that offers replication cloud services? A) Amazon Aurora B) Azure for MySQL C) Amazon RDS D) Microsoft Azure Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 456 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic choices and costs of cloud database deployment. Classification: Concept 45) When Microsoft Access uses user-level security with an Access 2003 file, the database is stored in a(n) ________. A) *.accdb file B) *.accdc file C) *.accde file D) *.mdb file Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 479 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 46) The purpose of concurrency control is to ________. A) ensure that each form has a corresponding report B) ensure that ASPs do not duplicate JSPs C) ensure that one user's work does not interfere with another's D) ensure that stored procedures do not invoke triggers Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 115 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

47) When a transaction functions in such a way that either all of the transaction actions are completed or none of them will be, the transaction is said to be ________. A) consistent B) isolated C) atomic D) locked Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 426 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 48) Preventing multiple applications from obtaining copies of the same record when the record is about to be changed is called ________. A) serialized reading B) lost updating C) concurrent processing D) resource locking Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 421 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 49) Whether a lock applies to data at the record level, page level, table level, or database level is referred to as ________. A) lock exclusivity B) lock sharing C) lock phasing D) lock granularity Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept

50) Which of the following is true about a shared lock? A) It is more restrictive than an implicit lock. B) It allows only two transactions to update a record simultaneously. C) It locks the item from all access. D) It allows reads to the locked item. Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 422 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 51) Database administrators must make sure that ________ and ________ techniques and procedures are operating to protect the database in case of failure and to recover it as quickly and accurately as possible when necessary. Answer: backup; recovery Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 52) Transaction results are kept in a(n) ________, which contains records of the data changes in chronological order. Answer: log Diff: 1 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 53) The recovery method where the database is restored using the saved data, and all transactions since the save are reapplied is called ________ recovery. Answer: rollforward Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept

54) The recovery method in which we undo the changes that erroneous or partially processed transactions have made in the database is called ________ recovery. Answer: rollback Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 55) Standard SQL defines four ________, which specify which of the concurrency control problems are allowed to occur. Answer: isolation levels; transaction isolation levels Diff: 2 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 56) Breaking hardware, power outages, and human mistakes are all reasons that ________. Answer: computers fail; computer systems fail Diff: 3 Page Ref: 431 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 57) ________ is an important business function whose purpose is to manage the database to maximize its value to the organization. Answer: Database administration Diff: 2 Page Ref: 415 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept 58) Database administrators must make sure that ________ measures are in place and enforced so that only authorized users can take authorized actions at appropriate times. Answer: security Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept

59) Microsoft Access can secure database files by creating ________. Answer: trusted locations Diff: 2 Page Ref: 460 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 60) Microsoft Access can secure databases by using ________ to encrypt and decrypt the database files. Answer: passwords Diff: 3 Page Ref: 460 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 61) Microsoft Access can secure databases by deploying databases packaged with a(n) ________. Answer: digital signature Diff: 2 Page Ref: 460 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 62) What does the acronym RAID stand for? Answer: redundant array of independent disks Diff: 2 Page Ref: 447 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the importance of and basic techniques for ensuring DBMS performance, both locally and in the cloud, including distributed databases. Classification: Concept 63) When Microsoft Access uses user-level security with an Access 2003 database file, it stores the database in a(n) ________ file. Answer: *.mdb Diff: 2 Page Ref: 459 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for and importance of database administration Classification: Concept

64) One of the major tasks of the database administration is called ________ control, which allows multiple users to access the database simultaneously. Answer: concurrency Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for concurrency control, reliability, security, and performance. Classification: Concept 65) A(n) ________ cursor takes a snapshot of a relation and processes that snapshot, while changes from other sources are not visible to this type of cursor. Answer: static Diff: 1 Page Ref: 430 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn different ways of processing a database using cursors. Classification: Concept 66) Serializable transactions are created by having a(n) ________ phase, in which locks are obtained, and a(n) ________ phase, in which locks are released. Answer: growing; shrinking Diff: 3 Page Ref: 422 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand that there are DBA responsibilities beyond the central ones described in this chapter. Classification: Concept 67) In a cloud database, the most common type of data partitioning is a form of horizontal partitioning called ________. Answer: sharding Diff: 2 Page Ref: 450 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the importance of and basic techniques for ensuring DBMS performance, both locally and in the cloud, including distributed databases. Classification: Concept 68) If you are going to host your database in the cloud, the most common approach is to use the ________ local interface to connect to the database. Answer: DBMS's Diff: 2 Page Ref: 454 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the importance of and basic techniques for ensuring DBMS performance, both locally and in the cloud, including distributed databases. Classification: Concept

69) A(n) ________ DBMS is one that was implemented from the ground up to run in the cloud, as opposed to a local DBMS that was adapted to the cloud. Answer: cloud-native Diff: 2 Page Ref: 456 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic choices and costs of cloud database deployment. Classification: Concept 70) Distinguish between reprocessing and rollforward as database recovery techniques. Answer: Reprocessing and rollforward both require the use of database saves, which are backups of the database at a known state. Reprocessing as a means of recovery involves recovering the database from the last database save and having the application programs reprocess all the transactions since the save. Rollforward as a means of recovery involves recovering the database from the last save and then reapplying all changes to the database. Reprocessing does not always reproduce the original database contents correctly since minute changes in processing by the application programs may result in changes in data manipulation. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 432-434 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the need for and basic techniques of backup and recovery, including recovery via reprocessing and recovery via rollback/rollforward. Classification: Concept 71) Explain the concept of an "atomic transaction." Answer: An atomic transaction is a transaction in which either all steps must be completed successfully, or none of the steps can be completed at all. A transaction becomes atomic when the complete set of steps within the transaction is a single logical unit of work. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 426 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 72) Distinguish between statement-level consistency and transaction-level consistency. Answer: Statement-level consistency requires that a statement apply to a set of rows that is consistent from the beginning of the statement until the end of the statement. Transaction-level consistency indicates that the set of rows will remain consistent throughout the processing of all statements within the transaction. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 427-428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept

73) Explain the process of using optimistic locking. Answer: Optimistic locking makes the assumption that no conflicts will occur. Data is read, the transaction is processed, updates are issued, and then a check is made to see if a conflict occurred. If a conflict does occur, the transaction is repeated until it completes without a conflict. Thus, the lock is not secured until the transaction is completed. This reduces the amount of time that the lock is held. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 424 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 74) What are the four transaction isolation levels? Answer: The four levels of isolation are Read Uncommitted, Read Committed, Repeatable Read, and Serializable. Read Uncommitted is the least restrictive, and it produces reads that are susceptible to dirty reads, nonrepeatable reads, and phantom reads. Read Committed isolation prevents dirty reads by only reading committed changes. Repeatable Read isolation prevents dirty reads and nonrepeatable reads. Serializable is the most restrictive level of isolation, and it prevents dirty reads, nonrepeatable reads, and phantom reads. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 428-429 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Know the meaning of ACID transactions and learn the four SQL standard isolation levels. Classification: Concept 75) What database administration functions help bring order to the potential chaos of the database processing environment? Answer: First, the actions of concurrent users must be controlled so that consistent results are obtained. Second, security measures are necessary so that only authentic users who are properly authorized are permitted to take appropriate actions on databases. Finally, backup and recovery techniques and procedures must be in place to protect databases and the data they contain. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 418 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn about problems that can occur when multiple users process a database concurrently, their solutions using optimistic and pessimistic locking, and deadlock. Classification: Concept 76) Why do computers fail? Answer: Computers fail for a variety of reasons, including (1) hardware failure, (2) bugs in computer programs, (3) errors in procedures, and (4) human error. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for and importance of database administration Classification: Concept

77) Discuss Microsoft Access security administration. Answer: Microsoft Access files can be secured using three methods: (1) by creating trusted locations for file storage, (2) by password encryption and decryption of database files, and (3) by deploying databases packaged with a digital signature. Additionally, Microsoft Access can compile VBA code used with an Access database file. Finally, Microsoft Access can still use user-level security for older *.mdb database files (but not for Access *.accdb files). Diff: 3 Page Ref: 460-461 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for and importance of database administration Classification: Concept 78) What is the difference between authentication and authorization? Answer: Authentication refers to making sure a user has the right to use the computer system in the first place. It is the precursor to authorization, which is assigning an authenticated user permission to perform specific tasks on the system. Both are needed for effective computer system security. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435-436 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the need for security and specific tasks for improving database security Classification: Concept 79) Briefly explain the strategy of two-phased locking. Answer: Two-phased locking is a strategy to ensure the serializability of transactions. A transaction is allowed to obtain locks as necessary, but once the first lock is released, no other locks may be obtained. This produces the two-phased effect-the growing phase in which locks are obtained and the shrinking phase as locks are released. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422-423 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the use of locking and the problem of deadlock Classification: Concept 80) Briefly define the three problems that can occur because of concurrent processing that are addressed by resource locking. Answer: The three problems that can occur because of concurrent processing are dirty reads, nonrepeatable reads, and phantom reads. A dirty read occurs when a transaction reads a changed record that has not been committed to the database. If the change is canceled before it is committed, then the read will contain incorrect data. A nonrepeatable read occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds modifications or deletions caused by another transaction. A phantom read occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds new rows that were inserted by another transaction since the prior read. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 428 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the use of locking and the problem of deadlock Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Chapter 7 Business Intelligence Systems, Data Warehouses, and Big Data 123 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

1) NoSQL stands for "Not only SQL." Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 522 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 2) Apache Cassandra is an example of a column family database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 526 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 3) Permanently storing the values of properties of an object in secondary memory is called object permanence. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 521 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of object-relational databases. Classification: Concept 4) In the MapReduce process, the Reduce step is followed by the Map step. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 530 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 5) Business Intelligence (BI) systems are information systems that help users analyze and use data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept

6) Business Intelligence (BI) systems support operational activities. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 7) Business Intelligence (BI) systems obtain data from three possible sources. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 8) Business Intelligence (BI) reporting systems are used to filter data, sort data, group data and make simple calculations based on the data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 9) The CAP theorem defines three properties of distributed database systems; namely consistency, availability, and partition tolerance. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 525 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 10) BI reporting systems summarize the current status of business activities and compare that status with past events but not with predicted future activities. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept

11) When using unsupervised data mining techniques, analysts do not create a model or hypothesis prior to beginning the analysis. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 499 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data mining, including market basket analysis and decision trees. Classification: Concept 12) Big Data is the name given to the enormous datasets generated by Web 2.0 applications. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 493 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 13) Data Mining uses sophisticated statistical and mathematical techniques to perform what-if analyses, to make predictions, and to facilitate decision making. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 14) Report delivery is more important for data mining than it is for reporting systems. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 15) Problematic data include so-called "dirty data." Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 507 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept

16) A data warehouse is a database system that has data, programs, and personnel that specialize in the preparation of data for BI processing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 506 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 17) Data warehouses are populated with data prepared by extract, transform, and load (ETL) systems. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 506 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 18) A data mart is a collection of data that addresses a particular component or functional area of a business. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 508 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 19) Operational databases store historical data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 20) Dimensional databases are used for analytical data processing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept

21) Dimensional databases use the star schema. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 22) Operational databases contain a fact table. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 23) A star schema resembles a star, with a dimension table at the center and fact tables radiating out from the center. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 24) In a snowflake schema, each dimension table is normalized. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 511 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 25) OLAP provides the ability to sum, count, average and perform other simple arithmetic operations on groups of data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 516 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 26) The term drill down refers to the capability of seeing the data in smaller and smaller units. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: 520 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 128 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

27) To create an OLAP report for an Access database, use the PivotTable tool in Excel. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 28) When creating an OLAP report based on Access data, it is often a good idea to create a view equivalent query to organize the data needed for the OLAP report. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 29) Excel allows us to connect directly to an Access database when building a PivotTable. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 30) Special-purpose DBMS products for storing object data were called object-oriented DBMSs (OODBMSs) and achieved widespread commercial success. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 521 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of object-relational databases. Classification: Concept 31) The current SQL standard defines many object-based features. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 522 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of object-relational databases. Classification: Concept 32) The difference between the ways object and relational paradigms manage data structuring and processing is called impedance mismatch. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 522 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of object-relational databases. Classification: Concept

33) Non-relational DBMSs associated with the NoSQL movement include all of the following except ________. A) Key-value B) Document C) Column family D) Hierarchical Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 526 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 34) Apache Cassandra is an example of a(n) ________ non-relational DBMS. A) Key-value B) Document C) Column family D) Graph Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 526 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 35) In the MapReduce process, the first step is the ________ step. A) column B) super column C) column family D) map Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 530 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept

36) Hadoop is a(n) ________. A) RDBMS B) OODBMS C) distributed file system (DFS) D) print system Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 530 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 37) Business Intelligence (BI) systems do which of the following? A) Support routine operational activities B) Predict future events C) Record and process transactions D) Run only in the cloud Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 38) Which of the following is not a function of a Business Intelligence (BI) system's reporting category? A) Make elementary calculations B) Perform sophisticated analysis of data C) Sort D) Filter Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept

39) Which of the following statements is true about polyglot persistence? A) The use of only relational databases B) The use of only NoSQL databases C) The use of both relational and NoSQL databases D) It is not commonly used by organizations today. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 523 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 40) A Business Intelligence (BI) reporting system that uses extensions to SQL is ________. A) cluster analysis B) OLAP C) regression analysis D) RFM analysis Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 41) Data mining applications are used to accomplish all of the following tasks except ________. A) classify entities B) make predictions C) facilitate decision making D) incorporate results into some other report/system Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 42) Which of the following is true about data mining applications? A) They use sophisticated mathematical techniques. B) They use simple statistical techniques. C) Their report delivery is more difficult than report delivery for reporting systems. D) All data mining applications have many different users to support. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 132 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

43) When using ________ data mining techniques, analysts do not create a model or hypothesis prior to beginning the analysis. A) supervised B) unsupervised C) native D) active Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 499 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data mining, including market basket analysis and decision trees. Classification: Concept 44) ________ is a data model in which there is no notion of any schema external to the data. A) JSON B) XML C) BSON D) NoSQL Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 526 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 45) Which of the following is a reason that operational data are difficult to read? A) Dirty data B) Missing values C) Slow performance of the system D) Non-integrated data Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 505 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept

46) We have obtained access to the company's operational data. In one record, we find that a customer's age has been recorded as "337." This is an example of ________. A) dirty data B) inconsistent data C) non-integrated data D) a "wrong format" problem Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 507 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 47) We have obtained access to the company's operational data. We examine 50 records for customers with phone numbers that should use the current area code of 345. Of these 50 records, we find 10 that still use an older area code of 567. This is an example of ________. A) dirty data B) inconsistent data C) non-integrated data D) a "wrong format" problem Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 507 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 48) A data warehouse database differs from an operational database because ________. A) data warehouse data are not stored in tables B) data warehouse databases do not have metadata C) data warehouse data are often stored in a dimensional database D) data warehouse databases contain unrelated tables Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 546 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept

49) A data mart differs from a data warehouse in these ways except ________. A) it has a smaller database B) it deals with a particular component or functional area of the business C) data mart users do not have the data management expertise of data warehouse employees D) data warehouses receive their data from the data marts Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 508 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 50) Data warehouses use a(n) ________. A) operational database B) dimensional database C) structured storage D) distributed database Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 51) Slowly changing dimensions are handled by a(n) ________. A) operational database B) dimensional database C) structured storage D) distributed database Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 52) Dimensional databases are used to track historical data and therefore must have ________. A) a time dimension B) a customer dimension C) a sales dimension D) fully relational tables Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 135 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

53) Star schemas have a ________ at the center of the star. A) fact table B) dimension table C) map table D) reduce table Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 54) Snowflake schemas have normalized ________. A) fact tables B) dimension tables C) map tables D) reduce tables Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 511 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 55) OLAP stands for ________. A) Online Analytical Processing B) Offline Analytical Processing C) Online Analysis Process D) Offline Analysis Process Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 56) The term drill down means the user wants to ________. A) summarize data B) get older data C) sort data D) get more details Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 520 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 136 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

57) To create an OLAP report for an Access database, we can build a PivotTable in ________. A) Microsoft Access B) Microsoft Word C) Microsoft Visio D) Microsoft Excel Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 58) According to this chapter, which of the following is not considered a part of what makes up Big Data? A) Creativity B) Technology C) Analysis D) Mythology Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 523 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 59) Which of the following is not considered one of the "V"s for discussing Big Data? A) Volume B) Velocity C) Variety D) Vague Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 523 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept

60) Which of the following statements is not true about schemaless databases? A) JSON is normally schemaless. B) Document databases in general are normally schemaless. C) No NoSQL database systems are schemaless. D) There is no database schema separate from the data. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 527 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 61) Which of the following is not true about operational systems? A) They support management's analysis and decision-making activities. B) They are also known as transactional systems. C) They are also known as online transaction processing systems, D) They are often used in sales, purchasing, and inventory-control systems. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 62) Apache Spark uses the ________ processing model. Answer: Tez Diff: 3 Page Ref: 531 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 63) The term for the enormous datasets generated by Web 2.0 applications is ________. Answer: Big Data Diff: 1 Page Ref: 493 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 64) Apache Cassandra is an example of a(n) ________ non-relational DBMS. Answer: column family Diff: 2 Page Ref: 526 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 138 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

65) Hadoop is a(n) ________. Answer: distributed file system (DFS) Diff: 2 Page Ref: 530 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 66) A(n) ________ is an information system that helps users analyze and use data. Answer: Business Intelligence (BI) system Diff: 1 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 67) Business Intelligence (BI) systems fall into two broad categories: ________ and ________. Answer: reporting; data mining Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 68) Business Intelligence (BI) systems obtain data in ________ different ways. Answer: three Diff: 1 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 69) Business Intelligence (BI) ________ are used to filter data, sort data, group data and make simple calculations based on the data. Answer: reporting systems Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept

70) Business Intelligence (BI) ________ uses sophisticated statistical and mathematical techniques to perform what-if analyses, to make predictions, and to facilitate decision making. Answer: data mining Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 71) Objects have ________, which are computer programs that perform some task. Answer: methods Diff: 2 Page Ref: 521 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of object-relational databases. Classification: Concept 72) Problematic data are called ________. Answer: dirty data Diff: 1 Page Ref: 507 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 73) A(n) ________ is a collection of data that addresses a particular component or functional area of a business. Answer: data mart Diff: 2 Page Ref: 508 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 74) Data warehouse data is often stored in a(n) ________. Answer: dimensional database Diff: 2 Page Ref: 546 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept

75) Data warehouses are populated with data prepared by ________ programs. Answer: Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) Diff: 3 Page Ref: 506 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 76) A dimensional database uses a(n) ________. Answer: star schema Diff: 2 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 77) A variant of the star schema is the ________. Answer: snowflake schema Diff: 2 Page Ref: 511 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 78) In the snowflake schema, the ________ tables are normalized. Answer: dimension Diff: 2 Page Ref: 511 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 79) To deal with data values that change over time, dimensional databases use a(n) ________. Answer: slowly changing dimension Diff: 1 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 80) To deal with historical data values, dimensional databases use a(n) ________. Answer: time dimension; date dimension Diff: 2 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 141 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

81) ________ provides the ability to sum, count, average, and perform other simple arithmetic operations on groups of data. Answer: OLAP Diff: 1 Page Ref: 516 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 82) The term ________ refers to the capability of seeing the data in smaller and smaller units. Answer: drill down Diff: 3 Page Ref: 520 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 83) OLAP reports can be created using the Excel ________ tool. Answer: PivotTable Diff: 1 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 84) To create an OLAP report for an Access database, use the ________ tool in Excel. Answer: PivotTable Diff: 3 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 85) When creating an OLAP report based on Access data, it is often a good idea to create a(n) ________ query to organize the data needed for the OLAP report. Answer: view-equivalent Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept 86) Excel allows us to ________ to an Access database when building a PivotTable. Answer: link directly Diff: 3 Page Ref: 536 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of online analytical processing (OLAP). Classification: Concept

87) In ________, statistical techniques are used to identify groups of entities that have similar characteristics. Answer: cluster analysis Diff: 2 Page Ref: 499 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data mining, including market basket analysis and decision trees. Classification: Concept 88) ________ is a data mining technique that can be readily implemented with pure SQL. Answer: Market basket analysis Diff: 3 Page Ref: 499 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data mining, including market basket analysis and decision trees. Classification: Concept 89) What are Business Intelligence (BI) systems? Answer: Business Intelligence (BI) systems are information systems used by managers and other business professionals to analyze past and current activities and to predict future events. BI systems do not support the recording and processing of operational data—this is left to transaction processing systems. Instead, BI systems are management support systems that produce information for assessment, analysis, planning, and control. There are two main categories of BI systems: reporting systems and data mining applications. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 496 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept 90) What is a reporting system? Answer: A reporting system is one of the main categories of a Business Intelligence (BI) system. Reporting systems are used to filter data, sort data, group data, and make simple calculations based on the data. These systems summarize the current status of business activities and compare the current status to past or predicted results. They are also used to classify entities such as customers, employees, products, etc. Report delivery is a critical aspect of reporting systems. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 497 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts and types of business intelligence (BI) systems and the relationship between operational and BI systems. Classification: Concept

91) Why is operational data sometimes unusable for Business Intelligence use? Answer: Data in operational databases can suffer from a number of problems. These include: (1) Dirty data–data that has problems with it, for example, an age of "323"; (2) Missing values–data values that are unknown, for example, a person's age; (3) Inconsistent data –Old data values that needed to be updated may not have been, for example, a ZIP code in an area that was split into two new ZIP codes; (4) Data not integrated–when data from two or more data sets is used, the data may be from two or more different DBMSs; (5) Data in the wrong format–data values may have been recorded at an inappropriate value for the needed analysis, for example, distance may have been recorded in miles when we need meters; (6) Too much data–It is possible to simply have very large data sets in terms of records or fields. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 507 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 92) What is a data warehouse? Answer: A data warehouse is a non-operational database intended for use by Business Intelligence applications. A data warehouse is a database system that has data, programs, and personnel who specialize in the preparation of data for Business intelligence processing. Databases in data warehouses are frequently denormalized to speed up BI processes. The components of a data warehouse include programs for data extraction/cleaning/preparation, data warehouse DBMSs, data warehouse metadata, and data warehouse data. The data warehouse metadata database records the date warehouse data's source, format assumptions, constraints, and other relevant facts. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 506-507 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 93) What is a conformed dimension? Answer: A conformed dimension is a dimension table that links to two or more fact tables. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 516 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept

94) What is a distributed database? Answer: A distributed database is a database that has been partitioned, replicated, or both. Partitioning means breaking up the database into sections, and then storing those sections on separate computers. Replicating means making copies of the database, and then storing those copies on separate computers. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 522 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept 95) What are objects, and how are they related to the object-oriented DBMS (OODBMS)? Answer: An object-oriented DBMS is designed to store object data. Objects are the basis of object-oriented programming (OOP). Objects have methods and properties. Methods are computer programs that perform a task, and properties are data items particular to the object. OODBMSs are designed to provide object persistence for OOP objects, which means providing the means for storing object property values. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 521 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of object-relational databases. Classification: Concept 96) What is a Microsoft Excel PivotTable? Answer: A PivotTable is the reporting mechanism Microsoft Excel uses to display OLAP reports. Both measures (a dimensional database "fact") and dimensions are displayed and can be rearranged. Drill-down is also available. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 97) Describe how to create an OLAP report for a Microsoft Access database in Microsoft Excel. Answer: To create an OLAP report for an Access 2019 database in Excel 2019, we use the Excel PivotTable tool. It is useful to have all the data for the PivotTable in one object, so we can create a view equivalent query in Access to organize the data. Excel 2019 provides a direct connection to an Access 2019 database via the From Access command on the Excel Data command tab. Once we open the database, we can select the view equivalent query object as the data source. This makes all the data columns available for use as rows or columns in the Excel PivotTable. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 532-533 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of Big Data, including its relationship to nonrelational ("NoSQL") database processing, the CAP theorem, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Classification: Concept

98) Compare the characteristics of an operational database and a dimensional database. Answer: An operational database is used for structured transaction data processing, while a dimensional database is used for unstructured analytical data processing. An operational database uses current data, while a dimensional database uses both current and historical data. With an operational database, data are inserted, modified, and deleted by users, while for a dimensional database, data are loaded and updated systematically by the data warehouse administrators. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 509-510 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 99) What is a slowly changing dimension? Answer: A slowly changing dimension is an attribute or set of attributes that can change over time, but typically does not change that often. Addresses and phone numbers are examples of slowly changing dimensions. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept 100) What is a star schema? Answer: The star schema describes the arrangement of the tables in a dimensional database. A fact table is the center of the star, while dimension tables are connected to the fact table and can be illustrated as the points of the star. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 509 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of data warehouses, data marts, and dimensional databases. Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Extension A Working with MySQL 1) MySQL Community Edition is an open source DBMS that only runs on Unix and Linux operating systems. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 2) Microsoft Windows users should install MySQL Community Server 8.0 using the MySQL Installer for Windows. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology 146 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 3) The MySQL Workbench is included in the MySQL Community Server 8.0 installation. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 4) MySQL is configured using the MySQL Installer for Windows. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-14 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 5) For use with this book, it is recommended that MySQL be configured as a developer machine. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 6) Database designs are generic, while data models are created for a specific DBMS. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-64 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 7) If you are using Microsoft Windows operating system, it is recommended that you download the MySQL Installer for Windows. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 8) To start working with MySQL Community Server 8.0 in Windows, open MySQL Workbench and then open the Local instance. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 147 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

9) Users log into MySQL Workbench using the Connect to MySQL Server dialog boxes. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 10) MySQL Community Server 8.0 uses only operating system authentication. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-83 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 11) Schema is the MySQL synonym for database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-24 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 12) Database objects are displayed in the Object Explorer window in the MySQL Workbench. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-26 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

13) A new MySQL database is created using the New Database dialog box. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 14) Before using the MySQL Workbench, users should create a folder named MySQL Workbench. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 15) MySQL Workbench is the MySQL GUI application development utility. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 16) MySQL Workbench is the MySQL GUI database administration utility. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-83 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 17) The MySQL Table Editor is accessible from the MySQL Workbench. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-70 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 18) To run an SQL script, click the Execute button on the Query Toolbar. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-94 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to query a database Classification: Concept

19) To run an SQL script, click the "Execute SQL Script (or selected portion)" button on the MySQL Workbench. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-96 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and run SQL scripts in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 20) To display an existing SQL script, click the "Open an SQL script file (in new query tab)" button. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and run SQL scripts in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 21) In MySQL, surrogate keys that use a sequence maintained by MySQL should be given a data type of IDENTITY. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-41 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 22) In order to create MySQL EER diagrams, users must log into MySQL using the Connect to Database and the Connect to MySQL Server dialog boxes. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-64 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 23) To execute an SQL query, click the "Execute the selected portion of the script or everything, if there is no selection" button. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-117 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and run SQL scripts in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 24) Users should create an EER-Models folder to hold EER models created with the MySQL Workbench. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 150 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

25) To create a new MySQL Workbench EER model, you can use the New Model button on the Home page. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-68 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 26) To create a new MySQL Workbench EER model, you can use the File | New Model command. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-68 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 27) MySQL Community Server requires that the .NET Framework version 4.5.1 be installed. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 28) MySQL Community Server uses a user account called admin for the name of the default MYSQL administrator account. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 29) The MySQL Workbench is included in the MySQL Community Server installation when the MySQL Installer for Windows is used. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 30) To add a table to a database design, click the Create a New Table button, move the cursor to the diagram area and click the left mouse button. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-69 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 151 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

31) In the MySQL Table Editor, the abbreviation PK stands for partial key. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-72 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 32) In the MySQL Table Editor, the abbreviation NN stands for NOT NULL. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-72 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 33) In the MySQL Table Editor, the abbreviation AI stands for AUTO_INCREMENT. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-72 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 34) In the MySQL Workbench, a 1:N non-identifying relationship between two tables that already contain the needed primary and foreign keys is created using the 1:N Non-identifying Relationship button. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-79 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 35) In the MySQL Workbench, a 1:N non-identifying relationship between two tables that already contain the needed primary and foreign keys is created using the Place a Relationship Using Existing Columns button. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-76 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept

36) MySQL uses the "Safe Updates"—Forbid UPDATE and DELETE statements with no key in WHERE clause or no LIMIT clause—checkbox to control the behavior of UPDATE and DELETE statements run from the MySQL Workbench. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-139 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use advanced SQL features in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 37) MySQL users are created on the Users and Privileges page in the MySQL Workbench. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-84 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 38) Users with the administrative role in MySqL are granted privileges for specific schemas only. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 39) MySQL users may be granted MySQL schema privileges role. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 40) MySQL users must be granted the right to have MySQL schema privileges before the specific privileges themselves are granted. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-86 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 41) The MySQL Schema Privileges Select "ALL" button marks all MySQL privileges for assignment to the user. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-88 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 42) MySQL users should always be given the GRANT OPTION for each schema. 153 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-87 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 43) MySQL databases are backed up using the MySQL Backup System. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 44) MySQL uses the term data export dump as a synonym for backup. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 45) MySQL backups are run on the Administration - Data Export tab of the Data Export page. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 46) A MySQL data backup is accomplished by using the "Data Export" feature. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 47) MySQL restores are run on the Restore from Disk tab of the Data Export and Restore page. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-91 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

48) Logging into a MySQL DBMS is done using the ________. A) Connect to Server command B) Connect to Server dialog box C) Connect to MySQL Server command D) Connect to MySQL Server dialog box Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 49) To access documentation about the MySQL Workbench, use the ________. A) Help | MySQL Workbench command B) Help | Help Index command C) Help | MySQL Website command D) Help | MySQL.com Website command Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 50) SQL query results are displayed ________. A) in a tabbed Result Grid window B) in a tabbed Results1 window C) in a tabbed Document window D) in a tabbed Messages window Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to query a database Classification: Concept 51) To access documentation at the MySQL website ________. A) use the Help | MySQL Workbench command B) use the Help | Help Index command C) go directly to the Web site http://dev.mysql.com/doc D) use the Help | MySQL.com Website command Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept

52) In the MySQL Table Editor, the abbreviation for NOT NULL is ________. A) PK B) NN C) UQ D) BIN Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-72 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 53) In the MySQL Table Editor, the abbreviation for Primary Key is ________. A) PK B) NN C) UQ D) BIN Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-72 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 54) In the MySQL Table Editor, the abbreviation for AUTO_INCREMENT is ________. A) PK B) NN C) UQ D) AI Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-72 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 55) In the MySQL Workbench, a 1:N non-identifying relationship between two tables that already contain the needed primary and foreign keys is created using ________. A) the 1:N Identifying Relationship button B) the 1:N Non-identifying Relationship button C) the N:M Identifying Relationship button D) the Place a Relationship Using Existing Columns button Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-76 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept

56) The MySQL Installer for Windows requires the ________ operating system. A) Suse Linux B) Red Hat Linux C) Android D) Microsoft Windows Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 57) The main MySQL GUI utility is ________. A) MySQL Management Studio B) MySQL Developer C) MySQL Workbench D) MySQL Administrator Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 58) In the MySQL Workbench, a 1:N non-identifying relationship between two tables that do not contain the needed primary and foreign keys is created using the ________. A) 1:N Identifying Relationship button B) 1:N Non-identifying Relationship button C) N:M Identifying Relationship button D) Place a Relationship Using Existing Columns button Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-76 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 59) Logging into the MySQL DBMS is done using ________. A) the Connect to Server command B) the Connect to Server dialog box C) the Local instance MySQL80 command D) the Local instance MySQL80 dialog box Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

60) The MySQL Workbench can be used to create ________. A) data models B) data designs C) database models D) database designs Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 61) A new MySQL database is created using ________. A) the New Database dialog tab B) the Create Database command C) the new schema dialog tab D) the Create a new button Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-25 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 62) The active MySQL database is specified using ________. A) the Set Schema command B) the Set Database command C) the Make Default Schema command D) the Set as Default Schema command Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 63) In order to use MySQL Workbench to create database designs, you must log into MySQL using ________. A) the Connect to Database dialog box B) the Connect to MySQL Server dialog box C) the MySQL | Connect to Server command D) None of the above is correct - no login is required. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

64) To create a new data model and E-R diagram, you can use the ________. A) Create New Model button on the Home page B) File | New Model command C) Start new EER command D) File | Create New Model command Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-68 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 65) Related groups of SQL commands are known as SQL ________. A) results B) resultsets C) scripts D) scriptsets Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and run SQL scripts in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 66) To run a single SQL command in MySQL Community Server 8.0 ________. A) click the "Execute" button in the MySQL Workbench B) click the "Execute SQL in Connected Server" button in the MySQL Workbench C) click the "Execute SQL Script in Connected Server" button in the MySQL Workbench D) click the "Execute SQL Statement under the keyboard cursor" button in the MySQL Workbench Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 67) The SQL query data results are displayed in ________. A) the Navigator window B) a tabbed Result Grid C) a Messages window D) a tabbed Action Output window Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: A-98 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

68) When importing data from Excel, what SQL statement is needed to add constraints to your newly created tables? A) SQL ALTER TABLE B) SQL CHANGE TABLE C) SQL ADD CONSTRAINT D) SQL ADD ALL Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-52 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to import Microsoft Excel worksheet data into a database Classification: Concept 69) MySQL Community Server requires the prior installation of ________. A) the .NET Framework version 3.0 B) the .NET Framework version 3.5 C) the .NET Framework version 3.5 SP1 D) the .NET Framework version 4.5.1 Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 70) The E-R diagrams created in the MySQL Workbench use ________. A) IE Crow's Foot notation B) IDEF1X notation C) UML notation D) Microsoft Visio 2021 Arrow notation Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-75 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 71) The MySQL GUI tool is replaced by ________. A) MySQL Query Browser B) MySQL Administrator C) My SQL Workbench D) MySQL for Excel Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

72) To run an SQL script or SQL command in MySQL Server Community Edition ________. A) click the Execute button on the Query Toolbar B) click the Execute button on the Browser Toolbar C) click the Run button on the Query Toolbar D) click the Execute SQL Script button on the Toolbar Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to query a database Classification: Concept 73) What is the advantage of using Microsoft Access as a frontend for a MySQL Server database? A) Access's computational efficiencies B) Access's tools, such as forms and menu systems C) Access's foothold on the personal database market D) Access's product affordability Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-124 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use Microsoft Access as an application development platform Classification: Concept 74) What term does MySQL use as a synonym for backup? A) Replica B) Export C) Data export D) Data export dump Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-90 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use the database administrator functions of MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 75) Which schema privilege should not be specifically assigned to a user account? A) SELECT B) CREATE C) GRANT D) Both A and B are correct Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: A-87 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept

76) The MySQL delimiter that must be used with MySQL procedures as used in this text is ________. A) / B) \ C) // D) \\ Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-138 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use advanced SQL features in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 77) Which of the following set of MySQL authorizations can be specifically assigned to a user account? A) Administrative roles B) Master user privileges C) Root user equivalence D) Director user privileges Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-83 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to use advanced SQL features in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 78) Users log into MySQL DBMS in the SQL Workbench using the ________ dialog box. Answer: Connect to MySQL Server Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-116 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 79) A new MySQL Server database is known as a new ________. Answer: schema Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create a database in MySQL 8.0 Classification: Concept 80) The MySQL Workbench EER diagrams are actually ________ E-R diagrams. Answer: database design Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-64 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create database designs in the MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept

81) An important reason for using MySQL is that it ________. Answer: handles SQL well Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 82) Before installing MySQL, you will need to know whether your version of ________ is 32-bit or 64-bit Answer: Microsoft Access, Access Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 83) In addition to downloading MySQL Community Server and the MySQL Workbench, it is recommended that the ________ also be downloaded. Answer: MySQL Connector/ODBC Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install the MySQL Connector/ODBC Classification: Concept 84) SQL statements can be run individually or as part of a related group of SQL statements known as a(n) ________. Answer: script Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to query a database Classification: Concept 85) To run an SQL script, click the ________ button on the MySQL Workbench toolbar. Answer: Execute SQL Script Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-42 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to query a database Classification: Concept 86) SQL query results are displayed in a tabbed ________ window. Answer: results grid Diff: 1 Page Ref: A-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to query a database Classification: Concept

87) Describe how to create a new database design in the MySQL Workbench. Answer: In the MySQL Workbench, new database designs are created using either the File | New Model command or the New Model button. MySQL calls these models EER models, but they are actually database designs. At this point, the actual ER diagram is created by double clicking the Add Diagram icon in the Model Overview section on the MySQL Model page. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-68 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 88) Briefly describe the MySQL Connector/ODBC and how to install it. Answer: The MySQL Connector/ODBC is a downloadable utility that provides the MySQL ODBC 8.0 driver. Choose the one that matches your operating system. To install it, download it from the MySQL development website, and run the installation. If using the Windows operating system, install it using the MySQL Installer for Windows only. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install the MySQL ODBC/Connector Classification: Concept 89) Describe how to add a table object to a MySQL Workbench database design. Answer: To add a new table object, click the Place a New Table button, then move the cursor in the E-R diagram area and then click the left mouse button. The new table object appears. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-69 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 90) Describe how to set table properties in a MySQL Workbench database design. Answer: Double-click the table object to open the MySQL Table Editor. The Table tab will be selected, which allows the table name to be edited. After the table name is edited, click the Columns tab to create and edit the table properties. These include Column Name, Datatype, and a select of other column properties that include Primary Key (PK), NON NULL (NN), and AUTO_INCREMENT (AI). Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-70 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept

91) What is MySQL? Answer: MySQL is an open source DBMS that runs on many operating systems including Windows, Linux and Unix. It is downloadable from the MySQL Web site. MySQL lacks some of the features of commercial DBMSs such as DB2, SQL Server and Oracle Database. However, it is comparatively easy to use. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-4 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Concept 92) Describe how to create relationships in a MySQL Workbench database design. Answer: The MySQL Workbench includes a set of buttons that are used to create relationships between two tables. If the tables already contain the appropriate primary and foreign keys, the relationship should be created using the Place a Relationship Using Existing Columns button. If the tables do not have the needed foreign key, use the 1:1 Non-identifying Relationship button, the 1:N Non-identifying Relationship button, the 1:N Identifying Relationship button, the 1:N Identifying Relationship button, or the N:M Identifying Relationship button as appropriate to create the needed relationship. Note that the N:M Identifying Relationship button actually adds an intersection table and two 1:N Identifying Relationships. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-75 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to submit SQL commands to create table structures Classification: Concept 93) Describe how to create a new database in MySQL Community Server 8.0. Answer: To start the actual installation process, run the downloaded mysql-installer-community8.0.16.0.msi file from your browser window, or open File Explorer and double-click the file in the Downloads folder. When the User Account Control dialog box for the file mysql-installer-community-8.0.16.0.msi is displayed, click the Yes button. When the User Account Control dialog box for the file MySQLInstallerLauncher.exe is displayed, click the Yes button. The MySQL Installer dialog box opens, and the License Agreement screen is displayed. Check the I accept the license terms checkbox, and then click the Next button. The Choosing a Setup Type screen is displayed. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-9 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Community Server 8.0 Classification: Application

94) Briefly explain the process for importing Microsoft Excel data into a MySQL database. Answer: Follow a procedure known as extract, transform, and load (ETL). In ETL terms, we must extract the data we need from the worksheet, transform each set of data into a correctly structured and formatted dataset for the database, and then load (import) the data from the worksheet into the database. After the data is imported into the database table, we will have to use SQL ALTER TABLE statements to create primary keys, foreign keys, and any other needed constraints. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-50-64 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to import Microsoft Excel worksheet data into a database Classification: Application 95) What is the MySQL Workbench? Answer: The MySQL Workbench is the GUI tool that is intended to be used instead of the MySQL Command-Line Client. It is generally used for application development and provides a comprehensive development environment for MySQL users and developers. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 96) What MySQL utility is used for DBMS administration? Answer: The MySQL Workbench is now the single, integrate GUI administration tool. As such, it is used to now manage databases (schemas), user account and security, and to backup and restore databases. Diff: 2 Page Ref: A-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept 97) What is the MySQL Table Editor? Answer: The MySQL Table Editor is a GUI administration tool used to create and manage MySQL tables. It can be opened in the MySQL Workbench, but is not accessible as a separate utility because it must operate on the default schema. It allows the user to graphically build table and database structures such as column characteristics. Diff: 3 Page Ref: A-71 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to install MySQL Workbench Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Extension B Advanced SQL 1) Importing Microsoft Excel data into a DBMS varies considerably from DBMS to DBMS. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-51 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To introduce the topic of importing Microsoft Excel 2019 data into a database table 166 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Classification: Concept 2) One of the limitations of Microsoft Access 2019 is that is does not include application development tools. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-52 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To introduce the topic of using Microsoft Access 2019 as an application development platform Classification: Concept 3) A stored program that is attached to a table or view is called a stored procedure. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 4) SQL triggers use the SQL keywords BEFORE, INSTEAD OF, and AFTER. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 5) SQL triggers can be used with SQL operations INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 6) SQL triggers can be used when the DBMS receives an INSERT request. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 7) The Oracle DBMS supports the SQL BEFORE trigger. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 8) The SQL Server DBMS supports the SQL BEFORE trigger. Answer: FALSE 167 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 9) SQL triggers can be used when the DBMS receives an UPDATE request. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 10) SQL triggers are used for providing default values, validity checking, updating views, and performing referential integrity actions. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 11) A stored program that is stored within the database and compiled when used is called a trigger. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 12) Stored procedures have the advantage of greater security, decreased network traffic, SQL optimized by the DBMS compiler, and code sharing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-50 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept

13) Unlike application code, stored procedures are never distributed to the client computers. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-51 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 14) The SQL statement DROP VIEW (ViewName) is used to delete a view from a database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand reasons for using the SQL ALTER statement Classification: Concept 15) The LEFT keyword can be used to include unmatched rows into the results. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the need for additional type of SQL queries Classification: Concept 16) A relational database table meets the definition of a set. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-28 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL set operators Classification: Concept 17) An SQL virtual table is called a view. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 18) SQL views contain their own data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept

19) SQL views can be used to hide rows. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 20) SQL views cannot be used to hide columns. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 21) SQL views can be used to display the results of computed columns. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 22) SQL views cannot be used to hide complicated SQL syntax. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 23) SQL views can be used to layer built-in SQL functions. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 24) Correlated subqueries do exactly the same type of work as join queries. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL correlated subqueries Classification: Concept

25) Unlike typical subqueries, correlated subqueries creates "copies" of a table, and evaluate each row of the outer copy with every row of the inner copy. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: B-22,23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL correlated subqueries Classification: Concept 26) Outer joins are completely supported in Microsoft Access. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-22 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL outer join queries Classification: Concept 27) You can add columns to a preexisting table using the INSERT clause in an SQL ALTER TABLE statement. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use the SQL ALTER statement Classification: Concept 28) The SQL MERGE statement is, effectively, the combination of the SQL INSERT and SQL UPDATE statements. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-14 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use the SQL MERGE statement Classification: Concept 29) Similar to correlated subqueries, queries on recursive relationships use aliases (copies) of the same table. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-27 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL queries on recursive relationships Classification: Concept 30) The SQL UNION operator is supported by all DBMS products. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-28 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL set operators Classification: Concept

31) SQL views are constructed from SELECT statements. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 32) SQL statements used to construct views cannot contain the WHERE clause. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 33) The SQL command CREATE VIEW is used to create view structures. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 34) The SQL command SELECT is used to retrieve data from view instances. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 35) The SQL keyword ORDER BY can be used with SELECT statements that are retrieving data from view instances to sort the results of the SELECT. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 36) When an SQL SELECT statement is used to retrieve data from a view instance, the maximum number of columns that can be specified in the SELECT is the same as the number of columns in the table underlying the view. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept

37) The SQL statement ALTER EXISTING VIEW (ViewName) AS is used to modify a view. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 38) Microsoft Access supports standard SQL view statements. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 39) Since an SQL view is essentially a stored query, Microsoft Access queries can be used to implement SQL view equivalents. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 40) Microsoft Access queries cannot use previously stored view equivalent Access queries. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-60 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 41) Because SQL stored procedures allow and encourage code sharing among developers, stored procedures give database application developers the advantages of less work, standardized processing, and specialization among developers. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-51 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept

42) A stored program that is attached to a table or view is called ________. A) a CHECK constraint B) a view C) embedded SQL D) a trigger Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 43) Which of the following is not an SQL trigger? A) BEFORE UPDATE B) INSTEAD OF UPDATE C) BEFORE INSERT D) INSTEAD OF CONSTRAINT Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 44) Which of the following is an SQL trigger that Oracle supports? A) BETWEEN INSERT B) AFTER INSERT C) DURING INSERT D) WHILE INSERT Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 45) Which of the following is not an SQL trigger that MySQL supports? A) BEFORE B) INSTEAD OF C) AFTER D) It supports all three Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept

46) SQL triggers can be used when the DBMS receives a(n) ________ request. A) ADD B) UPDATE C) CLEAN D) FREE Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-48 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 47) SQL triggers are used for all uses except ________. A) validity checking B) providing default values C) enforcing synchronization D) enforcing data constraints Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 48) A stored program that is attached to the database is called ________. A) a stored procedure B) a view C) embedded SQL D) a trigger Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 49) Stored procedures have the advantage of all choices except ________. A) greater security B) data integrity through distributed copies C) SQL optimized by the DBMS compiler D) code sharing Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-50 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept

50) Because SQL stored procedures allow and encourage code sharing among developers, stored procedures give database application developers the advantages of all except ________. A) increased network throughput B) standardized processing C) specialization among developers D) less work Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-50 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept 51) What is not a reason to use the SQL ALTER TABLE statement? A) Add triggers B) Add columns C) Drop columns D) Add constraints Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: b-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand reasons for using the SQL ALTER statement Classification: Concept 52) SQL views are used for all except ________. A) to backup preexisting tables B) to display the results of computations C) to hide complicated SQL syntax D) to layer built-in functions Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand reasons for using the SQL ALTER statement Classification: Concept 53) An SQL virtual table is called a(n) ________. A) CHECK constraint B) view C) embedded SQL statement D) trigger Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept

54) Microsoft Access ________. A) supports standard SQL view statements B) only supports SQL view statements as QBE constructions C) can store a view equivalent Access query D) can store a view equivalent Access query but does not provide a means to use it Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 55) Microsoft Access queries ________. A) can use previously stored view equivalent Access queries B) cannot use previously stored view equivalent Access queries for any purpose C) cannot use previously stored view equivalent Access queries to hide rows D) cannot use previously stored view equivalent Access queries to hide columns Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-59 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 56) What is the first stage in the logical process flow of a User-Defined function? A) Receive input from calling SQL statement B) Preprocess parameter values C) Process parameter values to create result(s) D) Arrange results into a formal ResultSet Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-44 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL user-defined functions Classification: Concept 57) SQL views are constructed from ________. A) CREATE statements B) INSERT statements C) UPDATE statements D) SELECT statements Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept

58) SQL statements used to construct views cannot contain ________. A) the SELECT clause B) the FROM clause C) the WHERE clause D) the ORDER BY clause Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 59) SQL view instances are retrieved using the ________. A) SQL CREATE statement B) SQL DELETE statement C) SQL SELECT statement D) SQL INSERT statement Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 60) Although it cannot be used in creating an SQL VIEW, the SQL SELECT statements retrieving view instances can include ________. A) SQL keyword ORDER BY B) SQL keyword LIKE C) SQL keyword BETWEEN D) SQL keyword NULL Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 61) When an SQL SELECT statement is used to retrieve data from a view instance, the maximum number of columns that can be specified in the SELECT is the same as the number of columns ________. A) in the table underlying the view B) in the VIEW specification C) in the ORDER BY clause D) in the HAVING clause Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 178 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

62) The SQL statement used to modify a view is ________. A) ALTER EXISTING VIEW (ViewName) AS B) ALTER VIEW (ViewName) AS C) DROP EXISTING VIEW (ViewName) D) DROP VIEW (ViewName) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 63) Based on the tables below, which of the following SQL commands would create an SQL view named CustomerSalesRep that could be used to display CustNo, CustName, RepName? SALESREP SalesRepNO RepName 654 Jones 734 Smith 345 Chen 434 Johnson

CustNo 9870 8590 7840 4870

HireDate 01/02/1999 02/03/2000 01/25/1998 11/23/1998

CUSTOMER CustName Balance Winston 500 Gonzales 350 Harris 800 Miles 100

SalesRepNo 345 434 654 345

A) SELECT CustNo, CustName, RepName FROM SALESREP, CUSTOMER; B) SELECT CustNo, CustName, RepName FROM SALESREP, CUSTOMER WHERE CustNo=*; C) SELECT CustNo, CustName, RepName FROM SALESREP, CUSTOMER WHERE SALEREP, SalesRepNo = CUSTOMER, SalesRepNo; D) CREATE VIEW CustomerSalesRep AS SELECT CustNo, CustName, RepName FROM SALESREP, CUSTOMER WHERE SALEREP, SalesRepNo = CUSTOMER, SalesRepNo; Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 179 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

64) The SQL statement used to delete a view from a database is ________. A) ALTER EXISTING VIEW ViewName AS B) DROP VIEW ViewName C) DELETE VIEW ViewName D) DROP EXISTING VIEW ViewName Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 65) An SQL virtual table is called a(n) ________. Answer: view Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 66) SQL views can be used to hide table ________. Answer: rows or columns Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 67) SQL views can be used to display the results of ________. Answer: computed columns Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 68) SQL views can be used to layer ________. Answer: built-in functions Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the reasons for using SQL views Classification: Concept 69) SQL views are constructed from SQL ________ statements. Answer: SELECT Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept

70) The SQL command ________ is used to create a virtual table. Answer: CREATE VIEW (ViewName) AS Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 71) SQL statements used to construct views cannot contain the ________ clause. Answer: ORDER BY Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 72) The SQL keyword ________ can be used with SELECT statements retrieving view instances to sort the results of the SELECT. Answer: ORDER BY Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 73) The SQL statement ________ is used to modify a view. Answer: ALTER VIEW (ViewName) AS Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 74) The SQL statement ________ is used to delete a view from a database. Answer: DROP VIEW (ViewName) Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-35 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 75) Since an SQL view is essentially a stored query, Microsoft Access ________ can be used to implement SQL view equivalents. Answer: queries Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-60 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept

76) Microsoft Access ________ can use previously stored view equivalent Access queries the same way an SQL SELECT statement uses SQL views. Answer: queries Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-60 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 77) Use the database below to answer the following question. SALESREP SalesRepNO RepName 654 Jones 734 Smith 345 Chen 434 Johnson

CustNo 9870 8590 7840 4870

HireDate 01/02/1999 02/03/2000 01/25/1998 11/23/1998

CUSTOMER CustName Balance Winston 500 Gonzales 350 Harris 800 Miles 100

SalesRepNo 345 434 654 345

Write the SQL statement to create a view named CustomerSalesRepView that displays the customer name as CustomerName and the associated sales rep name SaleRepresentativeName from the GENERAL SALES DATABASE. Answer: The SQL code to create the CustomerSalesRepView is: CREATE VIEW CustomerSalesRepView AS SELECT CustName AS CustomerName, RepName AS SalesRepresentativeName FROM CUSTOMER, SALESREP WHERE CUSTOMER.SalesRepNo = SALESREP.SalesRepNo; Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept

78) Use the database below to answer the following question. SALESREP SalesRepNO RepName 654 Jones 734 Smith 345 Chen 434 Johnson

CustNo 9870 8590 7840 4870

HireDate 01/02/1999 02/03/2000 01/25/1998 11/23/1998

CUSTOMER CustName Balance Winston 500 Gonzales 350 Harris 800 Miles 100

SalesRepNo 345 434 654 345

What is an SQL view, and what is it used for? Include an example based on the CUSTOMER table of the General Sales Database. Answer: An SQL view is a virtual table constructed from database tables or other views. It is based on the SQL CREATE VIEW command and uses the SQL SELECT statement to construct the view. However, the ORDER BY clause cannot be used when creating a view. For example: CREATE VIEW CustomerNameOnly AS SELECT CustName FROM CUSTOMER; A view may be used to (1) hide columns or rows, (2) show the results of computations, (3) hide complicated SQL syntax, and (4) layer built-in functions. Diff: 2 Page Ref: B30-B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 79) What are SQL stored procedures and how are they used? Answer: An SQL stored procedure is a stored program that is attached to a database instead of just a table or view. Stored procedures can receive input parameters and return results. They can be executed by any process that has permission with the database to use stored procedures. They can issue SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE commands. They are typically used by (1) database administrators to do common administrative tasks, and (2) database applications. Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-43-44 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept

80) Use the database below to answer the following question. SALESREP SalesRepNO RepName 654 Jones 734 Smith 345 Chen 434 Johnson

CustNo 9870 8590 7840 4870

HireDate 01/02/1999 02/03/2000 01/25/1998 11/23/1998

CUSTOMER CustName Balance Winston 500 Gonzales 350 Harris 800 Miles 100

SalesRepNo 345 434 654 345

Using the CUSTOMERBalance column as the column providing the data, create a view to display the results of a computed column. Specifically, assume that all customers are required to maintain a minimum balance of 100, and use the view to display customer name and a number named BalanceOverMinimum that calculates (Balance - 100) for all customers in the GENERAL SALES DATABASE. Answer: We will name this view as CustomerBalanceOverMinView. The SQL code to create the view is: CREATE VIEW CustomerBalanceOverMinView AS SELECT CustName, (Balance - 100) AS BalanceOverMinimum FROM CUSTOMER; Diff: 3 Page Ref: B-30 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 81) Describe a situation where a SQL MERGE statement is appropriately used in a table. Answer: If you are inserting new data into a preexisting table, and this data has a combination of brand new entities and preexisting entities, then a merge statement is appropriate. Using its WHEN MATCHED THEN and WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN clauses, you can use the UPDATE and INSERT statements when appropriate. Diff: 1 Page Ref: B-14 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand the need for the SQL MERGE statement Classification: Concept

82) Use the database below to answer the following question. SALESREP SalesRepNO RepName 654 Jones 734 Smith 345 Chen 434 Johnson

CustNo 9870 8590 7840 4870

HireDate 01/02/1999 02/03/2000 01/25/1998 11/23/1998

CUSTOMER CustName Balance Winston 500 Gonzales 350 Harris 800 Miles 100

SalesRepNo 345 434 654 345

Given that a view named CustomerSalesRepView that displays the customer name as CustomerName and the associated sales rep name as SalesRepresentativeName has been created for the GENERAL SALES DATABASE, write the SQL code to use the view to display the customer name and associated sales rep name sorted by customer name. Answer: The SQL query code is: SELECT CustomerName, SalesRepresenativeName FROM CustomerSalesRepView ORDER BY CustomerName; Diff: 3 Page Ref: B-38 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept 83) How are SQL views handled in Microsoft Access? Answer: Microsoft Access does not support views directly. But since an SQL view is essentially a stored query, Microsoft Access queries can be used to implement SQL view equivalents. Standard Microsoft Access queries can then use previously stored view equivalent Access queries the same way an SQL SELECT statement is used to retrieve SQL views. Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-59 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To use SQL statements to create and use SQL views Classification: Concept

84) What are SQL triggers and how are they used? Answer: An SQL trigger is a stored program that is attached to a table or view. The trigger is invoked by the DBMS whenever an insert, update or delete request is made on the table or view with the trigger. There are three commonly used triggers: BEFORE, INSTEAD OF, and AFTER (MS SQL server does not support BEFORE). This creates a set of nine possible trigger types: BEFORE + [INSERT or UPDATE or DELETE], INSTEAD OF + [INSERT or UPDATE or DELETE], and AFTER + [INSERT or UPDATE or DELETE]. Triggers are used (among other things) for (1) providing default values, (2) validity checking, (3) updating views, and (4) enforcing referential integrity actions. Diff: 2 Page Ref: B-49 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: To understand SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM) Classification: Concept Database Concepts, 10e (Kroenke) Extension C Advanced Business Intelligence, Nonrelational Databases, and the Cloud 1) Business Intelligence (BI) reporting systems are used to filter data, sort data, group data and make simple calculations based on the data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 2) BI reporting systems summarize the current status of business activities and compare that status with past events but not with predicted future activities. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 3) Report delivery is more important for data mining than it is for reporting systems. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 4) Data mining applications use sophisticated mathematical and statistical techniques. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-84 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in 186 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

particular Classification: Concept 5) Most data mining techniques are simple and easy to use. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept

6) BI Reporting systems are intended to create meaningful information from disparate data sources and to deliver that information to the proper users on a timely basis. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 7) RFM analysis is a way of analyzing and ranking customers based on online survey data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 8) In RFM analysis, R stands for "how recently", F stands for "how frequently" and M stands for "how many months." Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 9) In a common form of RFM analysis, customers with an R score of 5 are in the 20% of customers who have the most recent orders. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 10) In a common form of RFM analysis, a score of 1 is "high" or "good" while a score of 5 is "low" or "bad." Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept

11) A reporting system does not maintain a database of metadata. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 12) A digital dashboard is an electronic display customized for an individual user. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 13) Report types include dynamic and static reports. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 14) Reports that do not change once prepared are called static reports. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 15) Reports that rely on the most current data when they are prepared are called dynamic reports. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 16) A report that is sent to users on a predetermined schedule is called a push report. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 189 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

17) A report that is sent to users only upon the users' request is called an on-demand report. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 18) Report systems include three functions: authoring, management, and delivery. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 19) Report authoring includes responsibility for delivery of the report. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 20) Report management defines who gets the report, how often, and how it is to be delivered. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 21) NoSQL really stands for "Not only SQL." Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept

22) One of the four categories of NoSQL databases used in the text is the Column Family database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 23) XML provides a standardized, non-customizable way to describe the content of a document. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 24) XML documents and XML Schemas are created in different languages. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 25) Column family databases may use columns, super columns, column families, and super column families. Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-19 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 26) JSON stands for Jason Script Object Notation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 27) A popular document-oriented format for use in document databases is JSON. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 28) Graph databases are composed of three elements, one of which is the node. 191 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 29) Graph databases are composed of three elements, one of which is the attribute. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 30) Graph databases are composed of three elements, one of which is the edge. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 31) One of the four categories of NoSQL databases used in the text is the Key-Value database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 32) One of the four categories of NoSQL databases used in the text is the graphic database. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 33) XML designers created a system that allows document structure, data content, and materialization to be mixed. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept

34) DTD stands for Document Type Declaration. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 35) In XML Schema, there are two types of elements, simple and complex. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-13 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 36) A complex element must have more than one simple element. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-13 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 37) For database/XML applications, a good rule to follow is that elements are used to carry data and attributes are used to carry metadata. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-13 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 38) In XML Schema, the default cardinality of elements is 0.1. Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-13 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept

39) In XML Schema, the default minimum cardinality can be overridden using the minOccurs attributes. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-13 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 40) XML documents that conform to an XML Schema are validated against that schema. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 41) An important improvement of XML Schema over DTDs is that XML Schemas are themselves XML documents. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 42) A document database may use either XML or JSON as the basis for storing data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 43) XML stands for Extensible Markup Language. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept

44) The CAP theorem defines the three properties, one of which is consistency. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-28 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 45) XSLT is a robust and powerful transformation language that can be used to materialize XML documents into HTML. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-9 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 46) Cloud-based software changes much more slowly than locally installed software. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the Microsoft Azure cloud environment for creating and using databases Classification: Concept 47) Cloud-based software often changes without notice. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the Microsoft Azure cloud environment for creating and using databases Classification: Concept 48) Most cloud services have a "free tier" that allows free usage of the cloud services, with limitations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the Microsoft Azure cloud environment for creating and using databases Classification: Concept

49) Once you have a Microsoft Azure account, you can use it to create and manage MySQL, SQL Server, and document databases. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the Microsoft Azure cloud environment for creating and using databases Classification: Concept 50) To have a MySQL database in Microsoft Azure, it is optional whether you first create an Azure Database for MySQL Server in your Azure account. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-31 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage MySQL databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 51) The only way to tell that you are working with a cloud database is the name of the connection. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-36 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage MySQL databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 52) Which of the following is not a component that is involved in a cloud-based service? A) Web browser B) cloud portal Web site C) servers on your local network D) client software on the PC Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the Microsoft Azure cloud environment for creating and using databases Classification: Concept

53) The metadata maintained by a reporting system database describes all of the following except ________. A) source B) format C) database relations D) assumptions Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-84 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 54) RFM scores commonly range from ________, with ________ being the "high" or "most desirable" score. A) 0 to 5; 0 B) 0 to 5; 5 C) 1 to 5; 1 D) 1 to 5; 5 Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 55) We have done an RFM analysis on our customer data. John Smith has a score of "5 1 1." This means that John ________. A) has ordered recently, and orders a lot when he orders B) hasn't ordered recently, but orders a lot when he orders C) has ordered recently, but doesn't order a lot when he orders D) hasn't ordered recently, and doesn't order a lot when he orders Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept

56) A report generated by a reporting system is delivered to the appropriate users via an electronic display customized for each user. This system uses which of the following media? A) Paper B) Web portal C) Digital dashboard D) E-mail Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 57) The reports generated by a reporting system can be delivered in all of the following media except a(n) ________. A) paper B) journal article C) digital dashboard D) e-mail Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 58) The document type declaration for an XML document begins with the keyword ________. A) XML B) DTD C) TYPE D) DOCTYPE Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept

59) An example of a document database is ________. A) Dynamo B) Couchbase Server C) Bigtable D) Neo4j Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 60) An example of a key-value database is ________. A) DynamoDB B) Couchbase Server C) Bigtable D) Neo4j Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-23 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 61) The CAP Theorem defines three properties of distributed database systems, which are ________. A) consistency, always-on, properties B) competency, always-on, properties C) consistency, availability, partition tolerance D) competency, availability, partition tolerance Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-28 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept

62) Which of the following browsers might give you a "Browser not supported" message after logging into Oracle Cloud? A) Microsoft Edge B) Google Chrome C) Safari D) Firefox Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-46 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an Oracle database in the cloud Classification: Concept 63) An extract, transform, and load (ETL) system obtain data from ________, external data, and other internal data. Answer: operational systems Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-84 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 64) BI ________ are intended to create meaningful information from disparate data sources and to deliver that information to the proper users on a timely basis. Answer: reporting systems Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-84 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 65) ________ is a way of analyzing and ranking customers based on their purchasing patterns. Answer: RFM analysis Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 66) In a common form of RFM analysis, customers are sorted into ________ groups and given an associated score depending on their group. Answer: five (5) Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept

67) Reports that rely on the most current data when they are prepared are called ________ reports. Answer: dynamic Diff: 1 Page Ref: C-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 68) A report that is sent to users on a predetermined schedule is called a(n) ________ report. Answer: push Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 69) Graph databases are composed of ________. Answer: nodes, properties, and edges Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of nonrelational database management systems Classification: Concept 70) Azure SQL is based on SQL ________. Answer: Server Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-40 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an SQL Server database in the cloud Classification: Concept 71) Azure SQL is a cloud- ________ DBaaS. Answer: native Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-40 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an SQL Server database in the cloud Classification: Concept 72) Most organizations wanting to create SQL Server databases in the cloud will end up creating ________ databases instead. Answer: Azure SQL Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-40 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an SQL Server database in the cloud Classification: Concept

73) ________ is the SQL Server equivalent of MySQL Workbench and Oracle SQL Developer. Answer: SSMS Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-45 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an SQL Server database in the cloud Classification: Concept 74) Oracle ________ Database is a cloud-native DBaaS. Answer: Autonomous Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-46 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an Oracle database in the cloud Classification: Concept 75) To use Oracle in the cloud, as with most cloud database platforms, there are two major steps to complete: First, create a(n) ________ database in the cloud. Answer: empty Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-46 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an Oracle database in the cloud Classification: Concept 76) The second step to using Oracle in the cloud, is to use ________ to connect to the cloud database to populate and manage it. Answer: SQL Developer Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-46 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an Oracle database in the cloud Classification: Concept 77) Oracle's ________ service is designed for very large databases. Answer: Exadata Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-47 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage an Oracle database in the cloud Classification: Concept 78) Microsoft Azure ________ DB is a NoSQL database management system. Answer: Cosmos Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-51 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage NoSQL document databases in the cloud Classification: Concept

79) The ArangoDB ________ cloud platform can be used to create and query a NoSQL document database. Answer: Oasis Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-51 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage NoSQL document databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 80) Using Cosmos DB requires creating a Cosmos DB account within your ________ account. Answer: Azure Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-52 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage NoSQL document databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 81) In Cosmos DB Data Explorer, the Save button text changes to ________ after the first save. Answer: Update Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-57 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage NoSQL document databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 82) In Cosmos DB Data Explorer, you can run a query using the ________ Query button. Answer: Execute Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-58 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage NoSQL document databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 83) ArangoDB is a multimodel NoSQL DBMS that supports document, key-value, and graph databases, with an SQL-like query language named ________. Answer: AQL Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-59 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn how to create and manage NoSQL document databases in the cloud Classification: Concept 84) In Microsoft Access, a(n) ________ is a specialized form that provides a way for the user to easily navigate the application with a button-based menu system. Answer: switchboard Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-67 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Using Microsoft Access Classification: Concept

85) ________ reports are prepared in response to information entered by users. Answer: Query Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-5 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 86) Reports can be delivered via ________ when users indicate that they want to be notified of news and events by email or cell phone. Answer: alerts Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-6 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 87) The report ________ function of a reporting system pushes reports or allows them to be pulled based on the report management metadata. Answer: delivery Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 88) Many NoSQL database systems store, process, and communicate data in the form of documents. XML and ________ are two common document formats used for this. Answer: JSON Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 89) SGML stands for Standard ________ Markup Language. Answer: Generalized Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept

90) XML stands for ________ Markup Language. Answer: Extensible Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-7 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 91) A(n) ________ is used by XSLT to indicate how to transform the elements of the XML document into another format. Answer: stylesheet Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-9 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 92) An XML document is schema- ________ if it conforms to the XML Schema described in a separate XML Schema document. Answer: valid Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 93) Schemas contain ________, which are usually used to provide additional information about elements. Answer: attributes Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-13 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 94) Explain some of the differences between cloud-based database management systems and locally installed systems. Answer: Cloud-based software changes much more rapidly than locally installed software, and often changes without notice. Thus the text and screenshots (and accompanying videos) that demonstrate the cloud platforms will likely not be perfect representations of what you encounter, but they will be more than sufficient to get you started and using the cloud platforms. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-29 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the Microsoft Azure cloud environment for creating and using databases Classification: Concept 205 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

95) What is a reporting system? Answer: A reporting system is one of the main categories of a Business Intelligence (BI) system. Reporting systems are used to filter data, sort data, group data, and make simple calculations based on the data. These systems summarize the current status of business activities and compare the current status to past or predicted results. They are also used to classify entities such as customers, employees, products, etc. Report delivery is a critical aspect of reporting systems. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-3 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of reporting systems in general and RFM reporting in particular Classification: Concept 96) What does NoSQL stand for, and what does it mean? Answer: NoSQL actually stands for "Not only SQL." The term NoSQL is a misnomer, since the term really refers to the various types of non-relational databases and DBMSs that are becoming widely used by Web applications such as Facebook and Google. A NoSQL database is often a distributed, replicated database. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-85 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 97) Specify the four categories of NoSQL databases used in the text, and give an example of each. Answer: The four categories of NoSQL databases with examples are: • Key-value–Dynamo and MemcachedDB • Document–Couchbase server and MongoDB • Column Family–Apache Cassandra and HBase • Graph–Neo4j and AllegroGraph Diff: 3 Page Ref: C-18-20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept

98) What are the elements of a graph database? Answer: Based on mathematical graph theory, graph databases are composed of nodes, properties, and edges. Nodes are equivalent to entities in E-R data modeling and tables (or relations) in database design. They represent the things that we want to keep track of or about which we want to store data. Properties are equivalent to attributes in E-R data modeling and columns (or fields) in database design. They represent the data items that we want to store for each node. Edges are similar to, but not identical to, the relationships in E-R data models and database designs. They are similar because they connect nodes as relationships connect entities, but they are different because they also store data. Edges can be one-way or two-way. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-21 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Learn the basic concepts of the four types of NoSQL database: key-value, column family, graph, and document Classification: Concept 99) What is an XML DTD? Answer: An XML DTD is a Document Type Declaration. A DTD is the first section of an XML document, while the document data itself makes up the second part of the document. The DTD begins with the DOCTYPE, and then details the name of the document and its structure. The data that is actually in the second part of the document may or may not conform to the DTD. If the document does conform to the DTD the document is called a type-valid XML document, and if the document does not conform to the DTD it is called a non-type-valid XML document. A document can be not-type-valid, and still be a good XML document. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-11 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML, including elements, XSLT, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery, and DBMS support for XML Classification: Concept 100) What is an XML Schema? Answer: An XML schema defines the structure and content of XML documents. It is similar to a DTD specification, but better because it extends the DTD specification. Further, an XML Schema is itself an XML Schema, so no other syntax is needed. Since you can evaluate an XML document against its schema, and since XML Schemas are XML documents, you can evaluate XML Schemas. Schemas consist of elements and attributes, and elements may be simple or complex. A good rule to follow is that elements should carry data and attributes should carry metadata. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-20 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand how to describe and validate XML document structure using XML Schema Classification: Concept

101) What is XML, and why is it significantly better than HTML? Answer: XML stands for Extensible Markup Language, and it is a subset of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). XML is significantly better than HTML because: (1) XML provides a clean break between document structure, content, and materialization, which prevents the confounding of these functions; and (2) while XML is standardized, it allows for extension by application developers. The structure of any document is formally defined with XML in a standardized way. Diff: 2 Page Ref: C-17 AACSB: Information Technology Chapter Obj.: Understand the importance of XML Classification: Concept