2020 Water Quality Report for the Western Virginia Water Authority by Western Virginia Water Authority

2020

Water Quality Report

for customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt, Virginia

About This Report The Western Virginia Water Authority supplies customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt with an annual water quality report. This provides you with information about the source of your water, what it contains and how it compares to the standards set by regulatory agencies based on data collected during calendar year 2019 or the most recent testing period. The Water Division of the Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to deliver safe drinking water. Once again, the Water Authority is in full compliance with all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements. On July 1, 2004 the Western Virginia Water Authority was formed from the former utility departments of the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. In November 2009 Franklin County joined the Water Authority. Botetourt County joined in 2015 offering a larger regional approach to meeting the communities’ water and wastewater needs. The Authority has earned the highest industry awards for both water and wastewater, implemented energy saving measures across all departments, focused on cleaning the sanitary sewer lines and rehabilitating aging water distribution pipes.

Reaching out to the Western Virginia Water Authority Executive Director The Western Virginia Water Authority’s Executive Director, Michael McEvoy, oversees the daily treatment and delivery of 19-million gallons of drinking water and the collection and treatment of 37-million gallons of wastewater a day.

Authority Board of Directors The Western Virginia Water Authority’s Board of Directors, appointed by the member localities, governs the Authority. Representatives from the City of Roanoke include Mr. John P. Bradshaw, Jr., Mr. Bob Cowell and Mr. Harvey Brookins. The Roanoke County representatives include Mr. Don Davis, Mr. Dan O’Donnell, and Mr. Randall Hancock. Mrs. Shirley Holland represents Franklin County, and Mr. Hunter Young represents Botetourt County. Board meetings are held on the third Thursday of each month (with the exception of August and December) at 601 S. Jefferson Street. The Board meetings are open to the public.

Customer Service Our customer service representatives are available Monday-Friday from 8am - 5pm. If you have a water or sewer emergency after hours, calls to the Water Authority are answered by Roanoke County’s 911 Dispatch Center. 540.853.5700 | info@westernvawater.org 601 S. Jefferson Street • Suite 200 • Roanoke, VA 24011 www.westernvawater.org

Table of Contents 2020 Water Quality Report Contact Information ...................................................... 2 How Standards are Set .................................................. 3 Information about Specific Tests ................................... 4 Definitions ..................................................................... 5 Source Water Assessment ............................................ 6 Backflow Education ...................................................... 6 UCMR4 Data ................................................................. 7 Water Conservation and Leak Detection ...................... 8 Outreach ....................................................................... 9 Roanoke Area System Water Quality Data ............. 10-19 Botetourt County System Water Quality Data ........ 20-23 Franklin County Systems Water Quality Data ......... 24 -39

Testing Your Water

How are the standards set?

In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health. All drinking water, including bottled drinking water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) at very stringent levels. In developing the standards, EPA assumes that the average adult drinks 2 liters of water each day throughout a 70-year life span. EPA generally sets MCLs at levels that will result in no adverse health effects for some contaminants or a one-in-ten-thousand to one-in-one-million chance of having the described health effect for other contaminants.

More information about drinking water is available through these sources Virginia Department of Health: (Roanoke & Botetourt area) 540.463.7136 Virginia Department of Health: (Franklin County) 434.836.8416 Center for Disease Control and Prevention: 1.800.311.3435 404.639.3311 or 404.639.3312 (TTY)

The tables of data on pages 7 -39 summarize water-testing results from 2019 or the most recent reporting year for both regulated and nonregulated substances. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrumentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s detection limits or below the MCLs. The Western Virginia Water Authority constantly monitors its water supplies for various contaminants to meet all regulatory requirements. All regulated substances must be tested annually, except for lead and copper and SOCs, which must be tested every three years, and radiologicals, which must be tested every six to nine years. The TTHMs/ HAA5s were derived from running annual averages.

Roanoke Environmental Health Department: 540.857.7663 EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline: 800.426.4791

Cryptosporidium & Giardia

Lead & Copper Testing

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are microscopic organisms that can cause fever, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms when ingested. The organisms come from animal and human wastes and are eliminated through water filtration and disinfection. Even though the presence of these organisms is not regulated by the state or federal government, the Water Authority has tested for these organisms. Giardia, 0.2 cyst per 1 liter, was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Falling Creek in March 2016 and 8 cyst per 1 liter in June 2017. Cryptosporidium was detected in the raw (untreated) water at Carvins Cove (0.1 cyst per 1 liter in January 2016 and 0.1 cyst per 1 liter in February 2016). Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons, such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/ CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbiological contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

Quality water begins at the source. It is important that the Western Virginia Water Authority knows and understands the water chemistry from each source, closely monitors the treatment process and understands the pipe material that the water can flow through. This is especially important regarding lead and copper.

What Causes Discolored Water? Changes in water pressure in water systems, such as when water mains break or fire hydrants are used or flushed, can occasionally cause drinking water to be discolored. The discoloration is caused by sediments in pipes mixing with clear water. The sediments occur naturally from the oxidation of iron in pipes. While discolored water is ordinarily safe to drink, it is best to flush any discolored water from pipes by turning on all cold-water faucets in your home or business. Avoid turning on hot-water faucets so the discolored water is not drawn into water heaters. If you notice evidence of a water main break or leaking fire hydrant, please call 853.5700.

What is my Water Hardness? As water naturally flows over rocks and through the soil, it picks up minerals. The more calcium and magnesium present, the harder your water. While water hardness is not a safety issue, you may notice increased mineral build-up or soap residue with harder water. Hardness can be expressed as PPM - parts per million or GPG - grains per gallon.

PPM

GPG

Rating

0 - 75

0 - 4.3

Soft

76 - 150

4.4 - 8.7

Moderately Hard

151 - 300

8.8 - 17.5

Hard

over 300

17.6 +

Very Hard

Copper is a nutritionally essential element, but at high levels, copper can cause gastrointestinal difficulties such as nausea and diarrhea. Elevated levels of lead, if present, can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily associated with materials and components in service lines and home plumbing. The Authority maintains over 1500 miles of pipes up to and including the lines going to the customerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s water meter. Pipe materials in our system can be cast iron, ductile iron or pvc. We do not know of any lead pipes in our distribution system. However, customers, particularly those in older homes, may have lead plumbing in their homes or pipes that were joined with lead solder. We treat the water with corrosion control or adjust the pH of the water so that pipes in our distribution system and the customersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; pipes in their homes are protected. The Western Virginia Water Authority is responsible for providing high quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting in your pipes for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes or until it becomes cold or reaches a steady temperature before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.

Terms Used in This Water Quality Report

Substance

Source of Substance

Barium

Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits

Chlorate

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Chlorine

Required disinfectant added during treatment process to eliminate bacteria

Chlorite

By-product of treating drinking water with chlorine dioxide

Combined Radium: Radium 226 + Radium 228

Chromium

Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits

E. coli: Bacteria from human and animal fecal waste

Fluoride

Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from aluminum and fertilizer factories

HAA5s

By-product of drinking water chlorination

TTHMs

By-product of drinking water chlorination

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Run-off from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits

Total Coliforms

Naturally present in the environment

Fecal Coliforms

Human and animal waste

Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

Gross Alpha

Erosion of natural deposits

Gross Beta

Decay of natural and man-made deposits

Radium 226/228

Erosion of natural deposits

Maximum Residual Disinfection Level (MRDL): The highest level of a disinfection allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.

Lead

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing solder, brass alloy in faucets

Copper

Natural\industrial deposits, plumbing, wood preservatives

Alkalinity

Measurement of naturally occurring carbonates

Conductivity

Physical property of water

Corrosivity

Physical property of water that occurs when water reacts with metal

Hardness

Measurement of naturally occurring hardness metals

Iron

Naturally occurring in the environment

Manganese

Naturally occurring in the environment

Action Level (AL): The concentration of a contaminant that triggers treatment or other requirement that a water system must follow.

HAA5s: Haloacetic acids. LRAA: Locational Running Annual Average Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLG as feasible using the best available treatment technology.

mg/L: Milligrams per liter, also referred to as parts per million (for example, one minute in two years). ND: Analyte was not detected or was below the method detection limit of the laboratory’s instrumentation. NTUs: Nephelometric Turbidity Units; a measure of turbidity.

Orthophosphate (as P)

Corrosion inhibitor added during treatment process

P/A: Present or Absent

Sodium

Naturally occurring in the environment

pCi/L: Picocuries per liter is a measure of the radioactivity in water.

Zinc

Naturally occurring in the environment

Xylene

Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factory

ppm: One part per million, also referred to as mg/L, (for example, one minute in two years). ppb: One part per billion, also referred to as μg/L (for example, one minute in 2,000 years). TTHMs: Total Trihalomethanes Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water. μg/L: Micrograms per liter, also referred to as parts per billion (for example, one minute in 2,000 years). μmhos/cm: Micromhos per centimeter; a measure of conductivity.

Source Water Assessment As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Water from surface sources is treated to make it drinkable while groundwater may or may not require any treatment. Contaminants in source water may be naturally occurring substances, or may come from: • Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife; • Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming;

Backflow Prevention & Cross-Connection Identification

• Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses;

A plumbing cross-connection is an actual or potential connection between the public water supply and any source of contamination or pollutant. Without proper plumbing precautions, contaminated substances could backflow into the public system and your drinking water supply through this connection.

• Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, and septic systems; and • Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. The assessment determined that Crystal Spring, Falling Creek and Carvins Cove are susceptible to contamination based on land use activities and potential types of contaminants in these areas. This designation does not mean that the source water has been impacted or that it will be impacted. It does mean that if there is a release of pollutants in the assessment area, the source water could be impacted. The VDH also completed a source water assessment of Spring Hollow Reservoir’s water source, the Roanoke River. This assessment determined that the Roanoke River may be susceptible to contamination because it is surface water exposed to a wide array of contaminants at varying concentrations. Also, changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern into the Roanoke River. The assessment also determined that the Water Authority’s wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Water travelling through the Authority’s distribution system is pressurized. If the water system loses pressure, such as during a water main break, system maintenance or fire hydrant usage/ testing, the flow of the water may be reversed. If a customer has made a cross-connection with hazardous substances or even non potable water, these substances can backflow into the public water system and create a risk to public health.

What You Can Do To Protect Your Drinking Water Help us identify potential locations where backflow can occur. You can complete a simple Backflow Prevention Survey on-line at www. westernvawater.org. If necessary, contact the Water Authority to schedule a free assessment with our staff to assist you in finding and removing any potential cross-connection sources. Remove any cross-connections you find or install backflow prevention devices (available at hardware stores) where needed. A Water Authority representative is available to assist you with this process if needed. If you have a backflow prevention device installed by a certified plumber, have it tested annually or after any repairs. Questions about backflow prevention? email us at backflow@westernvawater.org call us at 853.5700

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring - UCMR4 The following substances were tested in Western Virginia Water Authority sources during calendar year 2019 as part of the unregulated contaminants monitoring. Unregulated contaminants are those for which EPA has not established drinking water standards. Unregulated contaminant monitoring helps EPA to determine where certain contaminants occur and whether the Agency should consider regulating those contaminants in the future.

Parameter

Units

Carvins Cove

Spring Hollow

Crystal Spring

Falling Creek

Garden City Well 2

LaBellevue Well 7

Longridge Well 2

Muse Spring

North Lakes

Starkey Well 1

Starkey Well 2

Starkey Well 3

City of Salem

Germanium

ppb

Manganese

ppb

0.439

8.63

16.7

4.6

40.8

45.8

0.82-2.8

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

ppb

Chlorpyrifos

ppb

Dimethipin

ppb

Ethoprop

ppb

Oxyfluorfen

ppb

Profenofos

ppb

Tebuconazole

ppb

Permethrin, cis & trans

ppb

Tribufos

ppb

Butylated hydroxyanisole

ppb

o-Toluidine

ppb

Quinoline

ppb

0.021

1-Butanol

ppb

2-Methoxyethanol

ppb

2-Propen-1-ol

ppb

Bromochloroacetic acid

ppb

ND-2.02

Bromodichloroacetic acid

ppb

ND - 1.99

Chlorodibromoacetic acid

ppb

ND - 0.348

Dibromoacetic acid

ppb

Dichloroacetic acid

ppb

2.56 - 28.5

Monobromoacetic acid

ppb

Monochloroacetic acid

ppb

ND - 3.14

Tribromoacetic acid

ppb

Trichloroacetic acid

ppb

2.85 - 27.3

Bromide (Raw) TOC (Raw)

ppb

ND - 2510

Microcystins Anatoxin -a

ppb

Cylindrospermopsin

ppb

Total Microcystins and Nodularins

ppb

Use Your Water Wisely Using water wisely in times of drought is critical; however, it is always important to use our valuable natural resource wisely. • Fix leaks in faucets, toilet tanks and outside spigots. Check for a toilet leak by putting some food coloring in your toilet tank. The next morning, if any of the color shows up in the bowl without flushing, you have a leak. A leaky toilet can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day.

• In the laundry or kitchen, use full loads in your washing machine and dishwasher to maximize efficiency.

• Don’t overwater your lawn. If you water your lawn, it only needs

1 to 1.5 inches of water every week or two. Water your garden or lawn before 10 AM or after 7 PM when temperatures are cooler to minimize evaporation.

• While brushing your teeth, turn off the water and save two gallons of water.

• Taking shorter showers saves water. Shorten your shower to five minutes.

• Have a leak? Fix it and let us know right away. If your meter records a continuous high flow of consumption, we’ll notify you about a potential leak.

How to Check for a Toilet Leak Toilets are the number one source of water leaks inside the home so this is the best place to start a leak detection. Because a toilet leak can waste up to 200 gallons of water per day, it is important to regularly test your toilets and quickly repair any leaks you discover. To determine if a toilet is leaking, place some dye such as food coloring, Kool-Aid, cola or brewed coffee in the tank of the toilet before you go to bed. Do not flush or use the toilet during the test. If you see any of the color in the bowl of the toilet the next morning, then you know you have a leak that needs to be repaired. If you discover that you have a toilet leak, make sure the lift chain is free of kinks and that you don’t have any mineral buildup around your valves that might prevent them from sealing properly. You can also use the adjustment screw on the overflow pipe to lower the water level in the tank to keep it from flowing into the overflow pipe. Most overflow pipes have a line on the pipe that indicates where the water level needs to be. If the flapper valve or plunger ball isn’t properly sealing at the bottom of the toilet, you will also get leaks. Parts are available at your local hardware store to replace these items.

Learn More Classroom Presentations

The Authority’s outreach staff is pleased to offer free Standards of Learning (SOL) correlated lessons to students in our service area. During the past school year, more than 11,000 students participated in our outreach programs. These hands-on programs help students understand concepts such as the water cycle, watersheds and the amazing properties of water. Students in the upper grades learn about watershed protection, GIS mapping and future careers in the water and wastewater industry. Interested in bringing the Water Authority into your classroom? Email us at education@westernvawater.org to schedule a visit.

Research

The Western Virginia Water Authority has partnered with Virginia Tech researchers and graduate students since the 1990s to lead water quality research projects on the Authority’s drinking water reservoirs. This partnership trains graduate students with real-world experiences while providing valuable data for management. Students inform reservoir management of oxygenation, discharge rates, water chemistry and more. As a result of the research, oxygen is now fed into the reservoirs to keep naturally occurring iron and manganese locked in the sediment layers, saving the expense of chemical addition in the treatment facilities. Algal blooms are also reduced as a result of the increased oxygen because it locks up nitrogen and phosphorus, essential components of algae growth, in the reservoir sediments. Through this Virginia Tech partnership, the Western Virginia Water Authority has the strongest track record of water quality monitoring of any Virginia utility.

Dam Inundation Information

The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes four surface water sources in the Roanoke Valley - Carvins Cove, Spring Hollow, Beaverdam Creek and Falling Creek Reservoirs. Each of these bodies of water is impounded by a dam which is physically inspected annually.

Guest Speakers

Interested in having a speaker talk to your civic league or community group? We’d be happy to talk to your group about your water source, how we treat your water and improvements we are making to the water and wastewater infrastructure. Contact us at info@ westernvawater.org for scheduling and information.

Tours

Tours of our treatment facilities and reservoirs are offered to our customers, students, civic, community groups or other groups of ten or more. You will be amazed to learn what goes on behind the faucet as we treat and deliver the highest quality drinking water to our customers. We’d love to show you how we treat your water. To request a visit, please call 853.5700 or email education@ westernvawater.org

The Western Virginia Water Authority has published this information to inform customers in the unlikely event of a catastrophic dam failure. If this should occur, or if conditions should occur that would increase the likelihood of such an event occurring, the public would be notified through all major media outlets. You can also register your phone number with the Authority through our CodeRed system. This free service is an automated phone dialing system that notifies our customers of important information including safety issues, water service interruptions and late payment notifications. To learn more about the risk of flooding to your property, and to learn how you can protect yourself, please visit the FloodSafe.gov website. FEMA also offers informative publications about dam safety. Living with Dams: Know Your Risks was published in 2013 and Living with Dams: Extreme Rainfall Events was published in 2015. If you have specific questions about the Western Virginia Water Authority dam inundation information or to see if you property is located in an inundation zone, please see www.westernvawater.org/ drinking-water/dam-safety-information

get notified: www.westernvawater.org/codered

Drinking Water Systems in the Roanoke Valley The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes four surface water sources and multiple springs and wells as drinking water sources in the Roanoke Valley to serve customers in the City of Roanoke and the Counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt. Having an abundant supply of water helps protect against drought or other emergencies. Combined, the water treatment facilities for these sources can treat over 56-million gallons of water a day; however, current production averages about 19-million gallons per day.

Roanoke Systems

Carvins Cove Reservoir & Treatment Facility Carvins Cove Reservoir is situated within Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, a 12,672-acre watershed near Hollins University in Botetourt County. The land in the reserve above the 1,200-foot contour is owned and managed by the City of Roanoke. The land below this elevation, and the reservoir, are owned and operated by the Western Virginia Water Authority. In addition to receiving water from the watershed, the reservoir is fed from two underground tunnels that carry overflow from Tinker and Catawba Creeks. This surface water source covers 630 acres and stores 6.42-billion gallons of water at full pond. How is it treated? Carvins Cove Water Treatment Facility has the capacity to treat 24-million gallons of water from the reservoir every day. The water is first oxygenated and treated with sodium permanganate to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Water is aerated to remove unwanted dissolved gases and to oxidize dissolved metals, which reduces any unpleasant tastes and odors. Flash mixing of chemicals is the next step, where ferric sulfate is added to coagulate suspended particles. Water then flows into settling basins where the particles clump together, become heavy and settle to the bottom of the basins. Next, the water is filtered through gravel, sand and carbon and disinfected with chlorine. Fluoride is added to promote strong teeth. Sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH and reduce corrosivity, and orthophosphate is added to control corrosion in pipes. Where does it serve? A large part of the northeastern and northwestern parts of the city, and the majority of the southeastern part of the city, to Reserve Avenue, are served by Carvins Cove. Portions of northern and northeastern Roanoke County are also served by the Carvins Cove water source. Water from Carvins Cove also serves the Botetourt area around Exit 150 to Tinkerview and Greenfield. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrumentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s detection limits or below the Maxium Contaminant Levels (MCLs). The Virginia Department of Health advised that the MCL for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) was exceeded because the running annual average exceeded the MCL at one monitoring location in the Etzler Road area of Botetourt. Disinfectants used in the treatment of drinking water react with naturally occurring organic matter present in the water to form trihalomethanes. These results are averaged with the previous

three quarters of results to determine the systemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s running annual average at each sampling location. Because the running annual average exceeded the 80 ppb MCL at the sampling location, th e Authority was deemed out of compliance with TTHM standards. Operation changes included adding a mechnical mixing system and increased monitoring. Water treated at the Carvins Cove Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve westernvawater.org/carvinscove

Carvins Cove Natural Reserve, the second largest municipal park in the United States, offers outdoor recreation opportunities, including boating, fishing, hiking and nature viewing. You can bring your own boat or rent kayaks, paddle boats and jon boats at the reservoir. Visitors to the Natural Reserve are charged $3 per person for daily use or annual passes are available for $25. Payment drop boxes are located at the Bennett Springs, Hollins Trailhead and Timberview parking lots, or passes can be purchased from the Security Office on Reservoir Road. For more information, call the Natural Reserve at 362.1757.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.05

Substance Regulated Substances

ppm

(0.59 - 0.8) 0.68

ppm

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

(1.44 - 1.86) 1.6

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.14 -0.28) 0.18

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.7

Roanoke Systems

Fluoride Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Beta

pCi/L

1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

< 0.35

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

(0.01 - 0.26) 0.08

Chlorine

ppm

(1.2 - 1.4) 1.3

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

(ND - 0.15) 0.03

HAA5s

ppb

(0 - 61) site range (8-48) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

yes

(18 - 170) site range (24 - 95) LRAA range

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

(20 - 32) 25

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E.coli

P/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

94.8

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(26 - 37) 31

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.01 - 0.04) 0.03

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.02) 0.01

n/a

(0.21 - 0.28) 0.25

(7.3 - 7.7) 7.5

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

5.34

n/a

0.002

Crystal Spring Treatment Facility Crystal Spring flows at the base of Mill Mountain in the southern part of the city. This groundwater source provides an average flow of 4.6-million gallons of water a day. How is it treated ? The water is filtered in the Crystal Spring Ultrafiltration Treatment Facility which filters out all particles larger than 0.01 micron. One micron is one thousandth of a millimeter. Filtered water is treated with chlorine and fluoride and pumped to water customers from the Crystal Spring Pumping Station. Where does it serve? Crystal Spring serves portions of southwest Roanoke County and the southwestern part of the city. With the capacity to filter five-million gallons of water a day, Crystal Spring Treatment Facility is the largest ultrafiltration plant in western Virginia. Tests for volatile organics (VOCs), pesticides and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. 1,1-Dichloroethene has a maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 7 ppb. T1,1Dichloroethene was detected in the Crystal Spring Water System with a range of (ND - 0.224) ppb. Trichloroethene has a maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 5 ppb. Trichloroethene was detected in the Crystal Spring Water System with a range of (ND 0.0465) ppb. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Crystal Spring Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Crystal Spring Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.04

Fluoride

ppm

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.01 - 0.09) 0.03

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

1.0

Substance Regulated Substances

(0.4 - 0.8) 0.7 0.79

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Beta

pCi/L

7.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

0.7

Combined Radium

pCi/L

1.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

N/A

Chlorine

ppm

(0.9 -1.1) 1.0

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

(0 - 61) site range (8-48) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

(18 - 170) site range (24 - 95) LRAA range

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

120

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

265

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

140

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.00004

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

n/a

(7.3 - 7.6) 7.64

n/a

3.28

n/a

0.006

Violation

Distribution System

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Roanoke Systems

Falling Creek & Beaverdam Creek Reservoirs Falling Creek Reservoir is a surface water source located in Bedford County east of Vinton. It covers 21 acres and stores 85-million gallons of water at full pond. It is fed by Beaverdam Creek Reservoir, which covers 69 acres and stores 435-million gallons of water at full pond. How is it treated? The treatment process of this water source is similar to that of Spring Hollow Treatment Facility. The treatment capacity is 1.5-million gallons a day. Sodium hydroxide is added for corrosion control and zinc orthophosphate is used as a corrosion inhibitor. Where does it serve? Falling Creek Water Treatment Facility serves King Street northeast to Route 460, along Route 24 to 13th Street and east on Route 24 to Stewartsville. Falling Creek was not utilized for most of 2019. Residents in the Falling Creek service area received water from the Carvins Cove system. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Falling Creek Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Falling Creek Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.01

Fluoride

ppm

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

0.8

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.03 - 0.24) 0.08

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

- 0.83

Substance Regulated Substances

0.05 ND

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Beta

pCi/L

0.11

Radium 228

pCi/L

-0.58

Combined Radium

pCi/L

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

N/A

Chlorine

ppm

(0.9 - 1.9) 1.2

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

(0 - 61) site range (8-48) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

(18 - 170) site range (24 - 95) LRAA range (12 - 20) 18

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Total Coliforms

P/A

0 0

E. coli

P/A

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

67.1

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(16 - 18) 17

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.04) 0.02

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.01

n/a

(0.1 - 0.29) 0.19

(7.1 - 8.6) 7.9

n/a

8.92

n/a

0.13

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Distribution System

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Spring Hollow Reservoir & Treatment Facility The water source for this system comes from the Roanoke River and is pumped into the Spring Hollow Reservoir, a 3.2-billion gallon side-stream storage reservoir. How is it treated? Water is withdrawn from the reservoir, oxygenated and treated with chlorine dioxide to oxidize dissolved organic matter, iron and manganese. Treatment at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility includes clarification, filtration, chlorine disinfection and fluoridation. Ortho-phosphate is used to control corrosion in pipes. The Spring Hollow Water Treatment Facility currently has the capacity to treat 18-million gallons of water a day and can be expanded to 36-million gallons a day. Treated water is stored in a two-million gallon storage tank then pumped through the north and south transmission lines to the distribution system. The current usage averages 4.5-million gallons a day. During an emergency, standby wells may be used to supplement the source water. Where does it serve? Spring Hollow supplies water to various neighborhoods in Roanoke County and Franklin County through the southern transmission lines. The northern transmission lines run along I-81 and serve the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. Total Coiform and E.coli bacteria were not detected at Spring Hollow Reservoir. Many other primary and secondary contaminants have been analyzed but were either below the instrument’s detection limits or below the MCLs. Water treated at the Spring Hollow Treatment Facility meets all state and federal monitoring and reporting requirements.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Spring Hollow Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

0.03

Fluoride

ppm

(0.69 - 0.72) 0.70

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.374

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

(1.1 - 1.49) 1.29

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.04 -0.08) 0.06

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.24

Gross Beta

pCi/L

2.4

pCi/L

0.6

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Radium 228 Combined Radium

0.36

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

(ND - 0.46) 0.07

Chlorine

ppm

(1.18 - 1.22) 1.19

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

(ND - 0.17) 0.05

HAA5s

ppb

(0 - 61) site range (8-48) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

(18 - 170) site range (24 - 95) LRAA range (123 - 136) 129

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

300

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(143 - 157) 150

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.0007

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

(0.21 - 0.27) 0.25

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

(7.5 - 7.7) 7.6

n/a

4.44

n/a

0.005

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Violation

Distribution System

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Roanoke Systems

City of Salem Source The Western Virginia Water Authority contracts with the City of Salem to purchase water to supply Robin Hood Park and other areas around West Main Street and Riverside Drive in Roanoke County. The City of Salem’s water source is the Roanoke River and three ground water wells. If you have any questions about this data, please contact the City of Salem Water Department at 375-3029. If you want to learn more about this source, please attend any of the regularly scheduled Salem City Council meetings. They are held on the second and fourth Monday of each month in council chambers. The City of Salem Water Department routinely monitors for contaminants in the drinking water mandated by Federal and State laws. The following table shows the results of monitoring for the period of January 1st to December 31st, 2019 or the most recent monitoring period. The City of Salem Water Department had no violations during this time period. The Virginia Department of Health has completed a source water assessment for Salem’s waterworks system. This assessment provides information on possible sources of contamination to our source water. As determined by the source water assessment, the possibility of contamination to our water source (Roanoke River) is high. This is due to the fact that surface water is exposed to an inconsistent array of contaminants at varying concentrations due to changing hydrologic, hydraulic and atmospheric conditions with land use activities of concern in the assessment area. To view a copy of this water assessment, please contact the City of Salem Water Department office at 540-375-3029.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

City of Salem Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.049

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

(0.17 - 0.78)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.51

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

(0.65 - 1.48)

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.022 - 0.087)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.7 ± 0.51

Gross Beta

pCi/L

3.0 ± 0.69

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0.6 ± 0.49

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 30 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.0021 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 30 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.07 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

(0.95 - 1.76)

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

N/A

HAA5s

ppb

(12.0 - 44.1)

TTHMs

ppb

(12.9 -57.5)

n/a

(114 - 196)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Ortho Phosphate

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

n/a

(141 - 252)

0.3

n/a

< 0.05

0.05

n/a

< 0.01

n/a

< 0.05

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

(7.38 - 7.97)

n/a

6.09

n/a

< 0.01

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected in Salem

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Source Water Testing - this data does not apply to treated water Cryptosporidium

Oocysts per 10L

99% removal by filtration plus addition as required under the LT2ESWTR

(0.098 - 0.103)

Giardia

Cysts per 1L

99% removal or inactivation

1-2

Community Well Systems

The Authority maintains well systems that serve localized communities including Country Hills and Martin Creek. Data for these systems is presented as (range) average. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that Roanoke area well systems meet all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019.

Country Hills System Groundwater obtained from one well is the source for this system. Chlorine is used to disinfect the water prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping consisting of 6-inch, 4-inch and 2-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 43,200 gallons per day. Usage in 2019 was approximately 770 gallons per day. Tests for volatile organics (VOCs), pesticides and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Total Xylene was detected in the Country Hills Water System with a range of (0.48 3.06) ppb. Ethylbenzene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 700 ppb. Ethylbenzene was detected in the Country Hills Water System with a range of (ND - 0.486) ppb.

Martin Creek System Seven wells supply this groundwater source, which is disinfected with chlorine prior to distribution. Water is distributed throughout the community by two storage tanks and distribution piping consisting of 8-inch, 6-inch and 4-inch pipe. The total source/pump capacity is equal to 76,000 gallons per day. Current usage is approximately 22,100 gallons per day. This system supplies water to the Forest Edge and Carriage Hills areas. According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals based on a sample collected in 2019,, the sodium in the treated water in wells 1, 2 and 10 had sodium ranging from 24.1-27. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a â&#x20AC;&#x153;strictâ&#x20AC;? sodium intake diet.

Other Wells

The Authority has over 20 wells in the Roanoke distribution area. While many of these wells are inactive, they can offer an additional supply of water for the distribution system if needed. Wells in service 2019* included Garden City #2, LaBellevue 7, Longridge 2, Muse Spring Well, North Lakes 6 and Starkey 3. Data presented as (range) average.

Muse Spring The Western Virginia Water Authority is constructing a new 2 MGD Water Treatment Plant (WTP) to treat raw water supplies from Muse Spring and Garden City Well No. 3. The facility will tie directly to the existing Authority distribution system and will help serve the eastern portion of the Carvins Cove service area southeast of downtown. The Muse Spring Water Treatment Plant will be located at the site of the spring on Riverland Road. This facility will come online later in 2020.

Roanoke Systems

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Country Hills

Martin Creek

Wells*

Barium

ppm

0.003

(0.002 - 0.022) 0.009

(0.003 - 0.135) 0.071

Substance Regulated Substances

Fluoride

ppm

0.355

(0.2 - 1.6) 0.7

(0.1 - 0.75) 0.26

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.9

(ND - 0.9) 0.4

(0.3 - 0.96) 0.59

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

0.061

(0.08 - 0.21) 0.12

(ND - 0.304) 0.11

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.3

(<0.6 - 0.7) 0.1

(1.2 - 2.10) 1.62

Gross Beta

pCi/L

2.1

(<1.1 - 3.3) 1.6

(2.2 - 4.5) 2.97

Radium 228

pCi/L

0.8

(<0.6 - 0.8) 0.1

(ND - 1.9) 0.81

Combined Radium

pCi/L

1.1

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

n/a

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.4ppb

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

n/a

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.26 ppm

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.3 ppm

(1.01 - 1.6) 1.23

(0.94 - 1.88) 1.16

(0.23 - 1.58) 0.96

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5

ppb

n/a

3.2

TTHM

ppb

n/a

13.2

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

(110 - 210) 182

(112 - 185) 142

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

212

(278 - 859) 514

(270 - 380) 312

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

100

(124 - 380) 232

(134 - 190) 166

Iron

ppm

(ND - 0.058) 0.017

(ND - 0.068) 0.013

0.05

0.00016

(0.0003 - 0.042) 0.015

(0.00009 - 0.0108) 0.004

6.5 - 8.5

6.93

(6.9 - 7.5) 7.2

(7.4 - 7.86) 7.68

8.7

(12 - 27) 20

(2.76 - 11.9) 6.53

0.0121

(0.023 - 0.046) 0.152

(0.003 - 0.022) 0.009

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

0.3

ppm

unregulated unregulated 5

Botetourt County Water System

On July 1, 2015, Botetourt County consolidated its utility system with the Western Virginia Water Authority. This joinder allowed for the expansion of the Carvins Cove service area to include customers in the former Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden well service areas. The water quality of Carvins Cove, particularly in terms of the mineral content, is more beneficial to meeting the needs of industries and residents. Other customers in the Botetourt service area receive water from community wells.

Greenfield and Tinkerview Garden Areas

Customers in Greenfield and along the southern end of US Route 220 to the I-81 exit 150 interchange receive water from the treatment plant that treats surface water from Carvins Cove Reservoir.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Carvins Cove Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.05

Substance Regulated Substances

ppm

(0.59 - 0.8) 0.68

ppm

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

(1.44 - 1.86) 1.6

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.14 -0.28) 0.18

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.7

Botetourt County Systems

Fluoride Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Beta

pCi/L

1.7

Radium 228

pCi/L

< 0.35

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0.7

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.51 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 52 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.30 ppm

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorate

ppm

0.8

(0.01 - 0.26) 0.08

Chlorine

ppm

(1.2 - 1.4) 1.3

Chlorite

ppm

0.8

(ND - 0.15) 0.03

HAA5s

ppb

(0 - 61) site range (8-48) LRAA range

TTHMs

ppb

yes - see page 12

(18 - 170) site range (24 - 95) LRAA range

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E.coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

(20 - 32) 25

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

94.8

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(26 - 37) 31

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(0.01 - 0.04) 0.03

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.02) 0.01

n/a

(0.21 - 0.28) 0.25

(7.3 - 7.7) 7.5

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

5.34

n/a

0.002

Botetourt Well Systems The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that Botetourt well systems meet all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019.

Dal-Nita Hills Water from Dal-Nita Hills well comes from a groundwater well and is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals, the sodium in the treated water is 66.7 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. A source water assessment for the Dal-Nita Hills well has been completed by the Virginia Department of Health. The assessment determined that the well may be susceptible to contamination because it is located in an area that promotes migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Eagle Rock Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from two wells. Disinfection treatment (by chlorination) is provided for both wells prior to discharge to the storage tank. Water is distributed from the storage tank by gravity. Five samples were tested for Lead. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 7.91 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.175 ppm.

Glen Wilton Your drinking water is groundwater and can be obtained from three wells. All wells are treated for iron and manganese removal by chemical precipitation and filtration and chlorine for disinfection. Wells 1 and 2 have higher levels of iron and manganese and these wells are normally not used. Well 3 is the primary source. Water is pumped from the treatment building to the storage tank and distribution piping. Five samples were tested for Lead. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 2.92 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.096 ppm. According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals, the sodium in the treated water is 23.1 ppm. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 ppm for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet.

Griffith Park Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is pumped from the well to a metal storage tank behind the well house. A booster pump in the well house draws water from the tank and sends it to a pressure tank (also in the well house) and then throughout the community. Treatment is provided for iron and manganese. A small pump in the well house feeds a blend of orthophosphate and polyphosphate to sequester iron and manganese. Chlorine feed equipment was installed to continuously disinfect the water. Manganese levels (0.356 - 0.368 ppm) and Iron levels (1.9 -2.23 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 ppm for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water. Tests for volatile organics (VOCs) and pesticides have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Total Xylene was detected at Griffith Park with a value of 0.4 ppb. Five samples were tested for Lead. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 2.5 ppb. Five samples were tested for Copper. No samples exceeded the Action Level and the 90th percentile was 0.629 ppm.

Keswick Farms Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Walnut Manor Your drinking water is groundwater obtained from a drilled well. Water is distributed throughout the community by a storage tank and distribution piping. Chlorination treatment is provided. Public education materials on lead and copper are distributed to customers in this system each year.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Dal-Nita Hills Wells

Eagle Rock Wells

Glen Wilton Wells

Griffith Park Wells

Keswick Farm Wells

Walnut Manor Wells

Barium

ppm

0.042

0.183

0.153

0.0785

0.135

0.121

Fluoride

ppm

0.087

0.148

0.12

0.134

0.44

2.2

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

3.1

0.025

2.17

0.311

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

0.127

0.116

0.109

(2.39 - 10.8)

0.149

0.136

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

1.8

1.1

0.7

0.6

< 0.27

0.36

Gross Beta

pCi/L

5.1

2.1

< 0.61

1.7

1.2

5.7

1.9

0.62

< 0.4

1.3

< 0.6

1.4

1.72

0.7

1.9

< 0.6

1.76

0.36

0.37

0.004

0.005

Botetourt County Systems

Regulated Substances

Radioactive Contaminants

Radium 228 Combined Radium

pCi/L

3.7

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0.09

Lead and Copper Testing Lead

See page 22 Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0.003

(0.7 - 1.0) 0.8

(0.6-1.0) 0.8

(0.6 - 1.0) 0.8

(0.6 - 0.9) 0.7

(0.7 - 0.9) 0.8

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5

ppb

4.14

0.92

3.08

5.39

TTHM

ppb

2.0

0.6

3.3

1.5

4.7

7.5

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms

E. coli

P/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

459

180

140

144

336

350

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

1120

366

334

488

772

676

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

464

191

126

228

380

410

0.3

0.035

(1.9 - 2.23)

0.025

0.05

0.003

0.002

(0.356 - 0.368)

0.0003

0.001

0.56

0.14

7.01

7.57

7.7

6.75

7.13

7.48

66.7

8.8

23.1

17.7

11.8

5.37

0.008

0.02

0.002

0.008

0.02

0.07

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Water Main

Dillards Hill Water System

The Retreat Water System

Streets

Frederick Acres

Timberlake Crossing Water System

Alton Park Water System

Hillcrest Water System

Walnut Run Water System

Belargo Water System

Lakewood Forest Water System

Water's Edge Water System

Burnt Chimney Rd Water System

Ridgecrest Water System

Weatherwood Water System

Cherokee Hills Water System

Westlake Area Water System

Smith Mountain Lake

Compass Cove Water System

Spring Hollow

ric Rd

yR rd Ha

Franklin Rd

ROANOKE COUNTY

BEDFORD COUNTY

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FRANKLIN COUNTY

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TOWN OF ROCKY MOUNT

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Old Franklin Tpke

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FLOYD COUNTY

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CITY OF ROANOKE

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PATRICK COUNTY

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HENRY COUNTY

0.5 Miles

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PITTSYLVANIA COUNTY

Drinking Water SystemsÂ´ in Franklin County 0 0.2 0.4 Miles

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Walnut Run

The Western Virginia Water Authority utilizes surface water and well water sources to provide customers in the Franklin County service area with drinking water and fire protection. Information on each of those sources can be found on the next ten pages. For information on the water supply serving the U.S. Route 220 area, please see page 16 (Spring Hollow Water Supply) of this publication. r nd He

Timberlake Crossing

s ick e or St Rd SML Water Treatment Facility

Q 3

ford Rad ch Rd r Chu

Westlake Area Water System ton Hwy Washing Booker T

Weatherwood Lakewood

Sc ru gg s

Burnt Chimney Rd Water System Compass Cove Belargo

Dillards Hill Water System

Water's Edge

Franklin County Systems

The Retreat Water System

Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Facility The Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) has a successful working relationship with the Bedford Regional Water Authority (BRWA) to provide treated drinking water from the Smith Mountain Lake Water Treatment Plant to customers in the Westlake Area Water System area. This facility, which opened in May 2017, was designed to meet both utilities’ joint water needs through the year 2060 as recommended by the Regional Long Range Water Supply Plan. How is it treated? Water from Smith Mountain Lake is screened through 500 micron woven mesh stainless steel strainers to remove fine silt and then pumped to the treatment facility. The membrane plant has 216 modules that each have 10,000 membrane filter strands to provide the unique water treatment capability. The membranes can filter out particles larger than 0.02 microns. After filtration, the water is treated with sodium hypochlorite, a required disintectant to eliminate bacteria. The finished water in the distribution system is re-chlorinated at The Boardwalk, The Waterfront Section 2-9 subdivisions and at Burnt Chimney for continuous chlorination. Where does it serve? Water from this treatment plant serves customers in Bedford County and Franklin County. As the water flows through pipes under Hales Ford Bridge, it enters the Westlake Area Water System service area. Customers in the Westlake Commercial District, Boardwalk, Chestnut Creek, Deer Creek, Hales Point, Long Island, Twin Cove, Waterfront, Waverly and Windmere Point communities, along Scruggs Road and along Route 122 to just past Wirtz Road are served by the Westlake Area Public Water System. The Western Virginia Water Authority and Bedford Regional Water Authority are pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. A source water assessment for the Westlake Area systems has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years. The assessment determined that this source might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700. Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067244

Smith Mountain Lake

Water Treatment Facility

working together to provide the region’s drinking water

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Data Collected at the SML Water Treatment Facility

Data Collected in the Westlake Area Water System

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

0.03

Fluoride

ppm

n/a

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.5

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.03 - 0.17) 0.06

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.28

Gross Beta

pCi/L

n/a

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0.58

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 15 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.5 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 15 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.372 ppm

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

(0.09 - 1.71) 1.7

HAA5s

ppb

LRAA ( 43 - 52) Site Range (24.2 - 62)

TTHMs

ppb

LRAA (64 - 68) Site Range (45.3 - 66.8)

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Microbiological Substances

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(68 - 104) 86

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

185

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm ppm ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

(66 - 119 )119

n/a

(0 - 0.2) 0

0.05

n/a

(0 - 0.004) 0.01

n/a

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

(6.0 - 9.0) 7.4

n/a

8.54

n/a

Franklin County Systems

Manganese Orthophosphate as P

n/a 0.3

Alton Park Water System The Alton Park Water System is served by two groundwater wells and related storage facility. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700. Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Alton Park System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

0.011

Fluoride

ppm

0.096

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.1

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

0.13

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

3.1

Gross Beta

pCi/L

4.7

Radium 226

pCi/L

0.23

Radium 228

pCi/L

0.36

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0.59

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.0 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.14 ppm

n/a

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products

PWSID# 5067020

Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

n/a

TTHMs

ppb

n/a

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

192

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.0006

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

7.28

n/a

0.525

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Burnt Chimney Water System In 2018, the Authority combined four existing waterworks (Boxwood Green, Fox Chase, Royal Estates and Dam Shores) to form the Burnt Chimney Water System to serve these communities. The system consists of five drilled groundwater wells and related storage facilities. Greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Soda ash is used for pH adjustment and chlorine is used for disinfection of the water. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Burnt Chimney System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.0268

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

(ND - 0.13)

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.344

Total Organic Carbon

ppm

N/A

n/a

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(0.13 - 1.1) 0.405

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

(0.25 - 1.0)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

(0.85 - 4.5)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

(0.71 - 2.0)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 24 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 2.0 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 24 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.371 ppm

(0.71 - 1.34) 0.99

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

TTHMs

ppb

(ND - 1.91)

n/a

(68.1 - 70)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances

Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. . PWSID# 5067042

Units

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(31.4 - 51.2)

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.3) 0.016

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.023) 0.004

n/a

(6.8 - 8.2) 7.6

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

(8.11 - 13.7)

n/a

(0.072 - 1.48)

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Franklin County Systems

Microbiological Substances

Alkalinity

Cherokee Hills Water System The Cherokee Hills community’s waterworks consists of two drilled wells and a storage tank. Treatment included sequestration for iron and manganese and chlorination. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. The level of Iron detected (1.26 ppm) is above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.3 ppm for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of iron at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700. Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067070

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Cherokee Hills System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

0.0131

Fluoride

ppm

0.09

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

2.17

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

4.2

Gross Beta

pCi/L

7.5

Radium 226

pCi/L

1.4

Radium 228

pCi/L

2.8

Combined Radium

pCi/L

4.2

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.2 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = .0444 ppm

(0.3 - 2.2) 1.3

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

3.64

TTHMs

ppb

ND 44.1

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

159

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

36.5

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

1.26

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.0296

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

5.75

n/a

13.9

n/a

0.037

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Compass Cove Water System This water system supplies water to the Compass Cove and Sunset Point Subdivisions. The waterworks consists of three drilled wells and a storage tank. Treatment includes iron and manganese removal.The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2018, the sodium in the treated water is 39.4 mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700. Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067083

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Compass Cove System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.0463

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

0.07

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.0704

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

1.8

Gross Beta

pCi/L

13.3

Radium 226

pCi/L

1.5

Radium 228

pCi/L

1.9

Combined Radium

pCi/L

3.3

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 7 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 9 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 7 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.12 ppm

(0.3 - 1.6) 0.8

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

1.05

TTHMs

ppb

7.38

n/a

159

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

89.4

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.4) 0.01

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.077) 0.004

n/a

(6.8 - 8.2) 7.5

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

39.4

n/a

0.214

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Franklin County Systems

Microbiological Substances

Units

Substance

Dillards Hill Water System The Dillards Hill Water System consists of nine drilled wells (Contentment Island wells 1, 2, 3 and 4), Highland Lake well 2, Kennedy Shores wells 1 and 2 and Lands End Wells 1 and 2) and related storage facility. Pre-treatment of the water includes the addition of soda ash, potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite solutions, and greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Tests for volatile organics (VOCs) and pesticides have been conducted, and all met current state and federal standards for drinking water. Total Xylene has a primary maximum contaminant level (PMCL) of 10,000 ppb. Total Xylene was detected with a range of (ND - 0.583) ppb. 1,4 Dichlorbenzene has a primary maximum contaminant level of 75 ppb. 1,4 Dichlorbenzene was detected with a range of (ND - 0.0564) ppb. Ethybenzene has a primary maximum contaminant level of 700 ppb. Ethybenzene was detected with a range of (ND - 0.0696) ppb. Monitoring requirements were not met for DiIlards Hill Water System and this is a violation of a drinking water monitoring requirement. We are required to monitor your drinking water for specific contaminants on a regular basis. Metals and Organics should be monitored every three years and samples should have been taken during 2017-2019. They were taken during 2020. The Western Virginia Water Authority (WVWA) has worked with the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of VDH Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the WVWA Water Division at 853.5700.

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Barium

ppm

Substance

Dillard’s Hill System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

0.244

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

(1.3 - 5.5)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

(3.6 - 9.3)

Radium 226

pCi/L

0.57

Radium 228

pCi/L

(0.89 - 1.3)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

(1.46 - 2.6)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 21 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 21 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.84 ppm

(0.39 - 1.56) 1.04

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

42.8

TTHMs

ppb

3.0

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.17) 0.006

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.023) 0.006

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated

n/a 6.5 - 8.5

unregulated

(6.6 - 8.6) 7.4

n/a 5

n/a

Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067415

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Lakewood Forest Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Lakewood Forest community. Greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese for wells 1 and 3. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. Manganese (0.0164 - 0.175 ppm) and Iron levels (ND - 0.48 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of iron or manganese at these levels; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water. A source water assessment for Lakewood Forest has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

Microbiological Substances

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Lakewood Forest System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

(0.0035 - 0.0063)

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

0.08

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

(0.056 - 1.35)

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

(6.9 -14.5)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

(6.4 -13)

Radium 226

pCi/L

(0.24 - 1)

Radium 228

pCi/L

(0.74 - 1.2)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

(1.08 -2.2)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 9 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.45 ppm

(0.13 - 1.74) 0.92

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

TTHMs

ppb

n/a

(75.6 - 82.6)

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(74.7 - 85.3)

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.48) 0.07

0.05

n/a

(0.0164 - 0.175)

n/a

(6.21 - 6.3)

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

(10.1 - 14.2)

n/a

(0.005 - 0.011)

Franklin County Systems

The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Units

Substance

Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067400

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

The Retreat Water System In 2018, the Authority interconnected the Retreat’s distribution system to provide potable water to Cedar Ridge, Lake Forest, The Coves and The Retreat. Groundwater from wells located in Lake Forest and The Retreat is pumped to The Retreat where pre-treatment of the water includes the addition of potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite solutions, and greensand filters are used to remove iron and manganese from the drinking water. Once the water is filtered and disinfected, it is introduced into the interconnected distribution system providing potable water to Cedar Ridge, Lake Forest, The Coves and The Retreat. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that the Retreat water system meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. Manganese levels (ND - 0.057 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

The Retreat System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.0405

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

0.07

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.0505

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

Gross Alpha

pCi/L

(0.235 - 4.8)

Gross Beta

pCi/L

(3.24 - 6.3)

Radium 226

pCi/L

(0.235 - 1.6)

Radium 228

pCi/L

(0.59 - 1.12)

Combined Radium

pCi/L

(1.36 - 2.46)

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 4.6 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.12 ppm

(0.2 - 1.78) 0.78

Radioactive Contaminants

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

10.1

TTHMs

ppb

57.6

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

184

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

414

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

Iron

ppm

Manganese

ppm

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

0.3 0.05 unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

172

n/a

(ND - 0.2) 0.017

n/a

(ND - 0.057) 0.007

n/a

(5.7 - 8.1) 7.13

n/a

15.3

n/a

0.018

Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067786 Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Ridgecrest Water System The Ridgecrest Water System is served by a groundwater well and related storage facility. Treatment consists of the addition of polyphosphate for removal of iron and manganese. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements, and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. Manganese (0.22 ppm) and Iron levels (0.33 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm for Manganese and 0.3 for Iron. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700. Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average.

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Ridgecrest System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.012

Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

1.8

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

4.3

Gross Beta

pCi/L

3.5

Radium 226

pCi/L

1.9

Radium 228

pCi/L

1.5

Combined Radium

pCi/L

3.4

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = < 1 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.1 ppm

N/A

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

N/A

TTHMs

ppb

N/A

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

75.1

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

190

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.33

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.22

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

0.76

pH units

7.6

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

n/a

5.4

n/a

0.056

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Franklin County Systems

PWSID# 5067785

Units

Substance

Timberlake Crossing Water System The Timberlake Crossing Water System is served by a groundwater well and related storage facility. Treatment consists of the addition of soda ash, sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate for disinfection and removal of iron and manganese. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2018, the sodium in the treated water is 23.3mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. The Western Virginia Water Authority has worked with the Virginia Department of Health to determine our water sources susceptibility to contaminants. The assessment is a requirement of the Virginia Department of Health’s (VDH) Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) in accordance with the 1996 Amendments of the Safe Drinking Water Act. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 853.5700. Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Timberlake Crossing System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.0626

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

0.12

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.0667

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

0.44

Gross Beta

pCi/L

9.2

Radium 228

pCi/L

0.05

Combined Radium

pCi/L

0.49

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 5 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.1 PPM

(0.3 - 2.6) 0.8

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

2.7

TTHMs

ppb

7.6

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

83.3

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

46.6

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.15) 0.019

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.041) 0.004

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

(6.9 - 7.8) 7.4

n/a

23.3

n/a

0.048

Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067951

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Walnut Run Water System Groundwater wells (Wells 1, 2 and 3) provide water for the Walnut Run community. The three drilled wells use sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection and pH adjustment. The Western Virginia Water Authority is pleased to report that this water meets all requirements and there were no drinking water violations in calendar year 2019. Manganese levels (0.126 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels or (SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the impairment of taste of beverages made with the water. A source water assessment for Walnut Run has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years.

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Walnut Run System Data (range) average

Barium

ppm

0.0791

Substance Regulated Substances Fluoride

ppm

0.06

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.79

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

2.1

Gross Beta

pCi/L

7.1

Radium 228

pCi/L

Combined Radium

pCi/L

3.1

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.6 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 6 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.227 PPM

(ND - 3.0) 1.03

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

3.39

TTHMs

ppb

12.4

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

133

Conductivity

μmhos/cm

unregulated

n/a

358

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

146

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

0.033

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

0.126

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

unregulated

Microbiological Substances Total Coliforms E. coli

Units P/A P/A

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

(6.8 - 7.8) 7.4 10.8 0.008

Franklin County Systems

pH pH units 6.5 - 8.5 no The assessment determined that these wells Sodium ppm unregulated n/a might be susceptible to contamination because Zinc ppm 5 n/a they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. these reports may be obtained by contacting Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067957 the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Level Detected

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Water’s Edge Water System Customers who live in The Water’s Edge community get their drinking water from four groundwater wells (Well No. 3, 4, 11 and 12) that are located throughout the Water’s Edge subdivision. Water from well 4 and 11 go to the treatment plant where three greensand filters are used to remove iron, manganese and radium from the drinking water. An orthophosphate feed system for corrosion control and a sodium hydroxide feed system for pH adjustment has been added at the treatment plant and Well 12. Well 12 is also disinfected with chlorine. No treatment is added to Well No. 3. According to results of the chemical analyses for Metals based on a sample collected in 2018 for entry point EP001, the sodium in the treated water is 32.1 mg/L and in Well 12, 24.8 mg/L (2018). This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the sodium hydroxide added to the water for pH adjustment. In calendar year 2019, six of 50 samples exceeded the Action Level for Copper. A source water assessment for The Water’s Edge has been conducted by the Virginia Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years. The assessment determined that these wells might be susceptible to contamination because they are located in areas that promote migration of contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports may be obtained by contacting the Western Virginia Water Authority’s Water Division at 540.853.5700.

Microbiological Substances

Units

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Water’s Edge System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

(0.004 - 0.080) 0.04

Fluoride

ppm

(ND - 0.10) 0.05

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

(0.05 - 0.6) 0.21

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

(ND - 0.9) 0.3

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

(-0.46 - 18.1) 11.4

Gross Beta

pCi/L

(2.3 -7.2) 6.8

Radium 226

pCi/L

(0.8 - 9.5) 9.0

Radium 228

pCi/L

(-0.39 - 1.4) 0.54

Combined Radium

pCi/L

(0.9 - 1.4) 1.1

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 50 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 3.4 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

6 of 50 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 1.63 ppm

(ND - 2.5) 0.9

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

HAA5s

ppb

0.518

TTHMs

ppb

1.8

Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(69.3 - 148) 114.4

Hardness (Total)

ppm

unregulated

n/a

(25 - 133) 82

Iron

ppm

0.3

n/a

(ND - 0.2) 0.01

Manganese

ppm

0.05

n/a

(ND - 0.016) 0.0005

Orthophosphate as P

ppm

n/a

(0.160- 0.63) 0.32

pH units

Sodium

ppm

Zinc

ppm

unregulated 6.5 - 8.5 unregulated 5

(5.8 - 8.9) 7.45

n/a

(11.1 - 32.1) 22.7

n/a

(ND - 0.14) 0.06

Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067961

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Weatherwood Water System The Weatherwood Water System is served by four (4) groundwater wells and related storage facilities. The four drilled wells are treated with sodium hypochlorite and soda ash for chlorine disinfection, pH adjustment, and iron and manganese sequestration. Manganese levels (3.18 ppm) are above the EPA’s recommended secondary maximum contaminant levels SMCLs) of 0.05 ppm. There are currently no known adverse health effects associated with the presence of manganese at this level; however, it can result in aesthetic problems such as staining or discoloration of clothes and fixtures, as well as the taste impairment of beverages made with the water. According to results of the chemical analyses for metals based on a sample collected in 2017, the sodium in the treated water is 36.2mg/L. This is above the EPA recommended optimal level of less than 20 mg/L for sodium in drinking water, which is established for those individuals on a “strict” sodium intake diet. This elevated level of sodium could be caused by the addition of soda ash for pH adjustment.

Substance

Units

Ideal Goals (EPA’s MCLG)

Highest Level Allowed (EPA’s MCL)

Violation

Weatherwood System Data (range) average

Regulated Substances Barium

ppm

0.0484

Fluoride

ppm

0.17

Total Nitrate & Nitrite (as N)

ppm

0.164

Turbidity

NTU

0.3

1.55 3.5

Radioactive Contaminants Gross Alpha

pCi/L

Gross Beta

pCi/L

3.4

Radium 226

pCi/L

0.69

Radium 228

pCi/L

0.94

Combined Radium

pCi/L

1.63

Lead

ppb

0 ppb

AL = 15

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 8.2 ppb

Copper

ppm

1.3 ppm

AL = 1.3

0 of 5 samples exceeded AL 90th percentile = 0.21 ppm

(0.06 - 0.96) 0.39

Lead and Copper Testing

Disinfectants and Disinfection By-Products Chlorine

ppm

Microbiological Substances

Units

EPA’s MCLG

Highest Level Allowed - EPA’s MCL

Violation

Level Detected

Total Coliforms

P/A

Presence of coliform bacteria in >5% of monthly samples

E. coli

P/A

A routine and a repeat sample are total coliform positive, and one is also fecal coliform or E. coli positive.

Franklin County Systems

A source water assessment for the Weatherwood HAA5s ppb 0 60 no 6.09 system has been conducted by the Virginia TTHMs ppb 0 80 no 15.8 Department of Health. Well(s) serving this community were determined to be of high Unregulated and Secondary Substances Alkalinity ppm unregulated n/a 163 susceptibility to contamination using the criteria Conductivity μmhos/cm unregulated n/a 350 developed by the state in its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment Hardness (Total) ppm unregulated n/a 87.9 report consists of maps showing the source water Iron ppm 0.3 n/a 0.257 assessment area, an inventory of known land use Manganese ppm 0.05 n/a 3.18 activities of concern and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years. Orthophosphate ppm unregulated n/a ND as P The assessment determined that these wells pH pH units 6.5 - 8.5 no (6.68 - 8.0) 7.6 might be susceptible to contamination because Sodium ppm unregulated n/a 36.2 they are located in areas that promote migration of Zinc ppm 5 n/a 0.012 contaminants from land use activities of concern. More specific information about these reports Data collected during calendar year 2019 or most recent testing period. may be obtained by contacting the Authority’s Data presented as (range) average. PWSID# 5067959 Water Division at 540.853.5700.